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ecclesiae_fw-la cantuar._n &_o in_o haeredes_fw-la et_fw-la homines_fw-la illi_fw-la &_o haeredes_fw-la eorum_fw-la eandem_fw-la &_o omnem_fw-la libertaetem_fw-la habeant_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la quam_fw-la alij_fw-la milites_fw-la de_fw-la feodo_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la cantuar._n &_o haeredes_fw-la eorum_fw-la habent_fw-la ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la quod_fw-la nihilominus_fw-la consuetus_fw-la redditus_fw-la denariorum_fw-la reddatur_fw-la integre_n de_fw-la terris_fw-la suis_fw-la sicut_fw-la prius_fw-la xenia_fw-la averagia_fw-la &_o alia_fw-la opera_fw-la quae_fw-la fiebant_fw-la de_fw-la terris_fw-la ijsdem_fw-la convertantur_fw-la in_o redditum_fw-la denariorum_fw-la aequivalentem_fw-la et_fw-la redditus_fw-la ille_fw-la reddatur_fw-la sicut_fw-la alius_fw-la redditus_fw-la denariorum_fw-la quare_fw-la volumus_fw-la &_o firmiter_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la quod_fw-la quicquid_fw-la praedictus_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la &_o successores_fw-la svi_fw-la post_fw-la eum_fw-la de_fw-la terris_fw-la illis_fw-la in_o feodo_fw-la militum_fw-la secundum_fw-la praescriptam_fw-la formam_fw-la convertendis_fw-la fecerint_fw-la ratum_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la &_o stabile_fw-la permaneat_fw-la et_fw-la prohibemus_fw-la ne_fw-la quis_fw-la contrafactum_fw-la ipsius_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la vel_fw-la successorum_fw-la svorum_fw-la in_fw-la hac_fw-la parte_fw-la venire_fw-la praesumat_fw-la testae_fw-la e._n eliense_n &_o s._n bathon_n episcopis_fw-la g._n filio_fw-la petri_n comite_fw-la essex_n willmo_n marescallo_n comite_fw-la de_fw-fr penbroc_n roberto_n de_fw-fr harocort_n garino_n filio_fw-la geraldi_n petro_n de_fw-fr stoke_n ric._n de_fw-fr reverus_n roberto_n de_fw-fr tateshal_n datum_n per_fw-la manum_fw-la s._n archid._n willielmi_n apud_fw-la rupem_fw-la aurival_n 4._o die_v maij_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la tertio_fw-la but_o now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v disputable_a whether_o this_o chartre_z of_o the_o king_n be_v of_o sufficient_a 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5._o and_o by_o plain_a recital_n in_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v 31._o h._n 8._o ca._n 3._o by_o which_o statute_n the_o possession_n of_o certain_a gentleman_n there_o name_v be_v deliver_v from_o this_o customary_a descent_n and_o incorporate_v to_o the_o common_a law_n for_o amongst_o other_o thing_n in_o that_o act_n it_o be_v say_v that_o from_o thencefoorth_o such_o their_o land_n shall_v be_v change_v from_o the_o say_a custom_n and_o shall_v descend_v as_o land_n at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o as_o other_o land_n be_v in_o the_o say_a county_n of_o kent_n which_o never_o be_v hold_v by_o service_n of_o socage_n but_o always_o have_v be_v hold_v by_o knight_n service_n do_v descend_v by_o which_o word_n it_o be_v very_o evident_a that_o the_o maker_n of_o that_o statute_n understand_v all_o land_n hold_v by_o knight_n service_n to_o be_v of_o their_o proper_a nature_n descendable_a after_o the_o common_a law_n and_o that_o socage_n tenure_n be_v the_o only_a subject_n in_o which_o this_o our_o custom_n of_o gavelkind_n dissent_v prevail_v and_o hold_v place_n but_o when_o i_o thus_o speak_v of_o socage_n and_o knight_n fee_v gavelkind_n i_o must_v always_o be_v understand_v to_o mean_v of_o a_o tenure_n long_o since_o and_o of_o ancient_a time_n continue_v and_o not_o now_o new_o or_o late_o create_v for_o so_o it_o may_v fall_v out_o otherwise_o then_o be_v already_o report_v as_o for_o example_n if_o land_n ancient_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n come_v to_o the_o prince_n hand_n who_o afterward_o give_v the_o same_o out_o again_o to_o a_o common_a person_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o his_o manor_n of_o eastgrenewiche_n in_o socage_n i_o suppose_v that_o this_o land_n notwithstanding_o the_o alteration_n of_o the_o tenure_n remain_v descendable_a to_o the_o elder_a son_n only_o as_o it_o be_v before_o as_o also_o in_o like_a sort_n if_o land_n of_o ancient_a socage_n service_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o be_v deliver_v out_o again_o to_o 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the_o custom_n itself_o and_o in_o this_o behalf_n also_o some_o have_v doubt_v whether_o the_o brother_n or_o uncle_n shall_v have_v the_o advantage_n of_o this_o custom_n because_o the_o word_n thereof_o extend_v to_o the_o son_n only_o but_o let_v we_o proceed_v there_o belong_v moreover_o due_a by_o the_o tenant_n to_o each_o common_a person_n be_v his_o lord_n of_o land_n in_o gavelkind_n suit_n to_o his_o court_n the_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n and_o the_o true_a do_v and_o payment_n of_o all_o accustom_a rent_n duty_n and_o service_n also_o if_o the_o tenant_n die_v leave_v his_o heir_n within_o the_o age_n of_o fifteen_o year_n the_o lord_n have_v authority_n to_o commit_v the_o nouriture_n of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o good_n and_o land_n of_o the_o infant_n to_o the_o next_o of_o the_o kindred_n to_o who_o the_o inheritance_n can_v descend_v but_o as_o neither_o the_o lord_n ought_v to_o take_v any_o thing_n for_o the_o custody_n neither_o to_o tender_a to_o the_o heir_n any_o marriage_n at_o all_o so_o must_v he_o take_v good_a heed_n that_o he_o credit_v not_o the_o custody_n to_o any_o person_n that_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o answer_v therefore_o for_o if_o the_o heir_n at_o his_o full_a age_n of_o fifteen_o year_n shall_v come_v to_o the_o lord_n court_n and_o demand_v his_o inheritance_n although_o the_o lord_n may_v distrain_v the_o gardien_fw-mi to_o yield_v his_o account_n as_o it_o appear_v 18._o e._n 2._o avowry_n 220._o yet_o in_o default_n of_o his_o ability_n the_o lord_n himself_o and_o his_o heir_n remain_v charge_v to_o the_o heir_n for_o the_o the_o same_o furthermore_o if_o the_o tenant_n shall_v withdraw_v from_o the_o lord_n his_o due_a rent_n and_o service_n the_o custom_n of_o this_o country_n give_v to_o the_o lord_n a_o special_a and_o solemn_a kind_n of_o cessavit_fw-la and_o that_o after_o this_o manner_n gavelkind_n the_o lord_n after_o such_o a_o cessing_z aught_o by_o award_n of_o his_o three_o week_n court_n to_o seek_v from_o court_n to_o court_n until_o the_o four_o court_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o good_a witness_n whether_o any_o distress_n may_v be_v find_v upon_o the_o tenement_n or_o no_o and_o if_o he_o can_v find_v none_o then_o at_o the_o four_o court_n it_o shall_v be_v award_v that_o he_o shall_v take_v the_o tenement_n into_o his_o hand_n as_o a_o distress_n or_o pledge_v for_o the_o rent_n and_o service_n withdraw_v and_o that_o he_o shall_v detain_v it_o one_o year_n and_o a_o day_n without_o manure_v it_o within_o which_o time_n if_o the_o tenant_n come_v and_o make_v agreement_n with_o the_o lord_n for_o his_o arrearage_n he_o shall_v enter_v into_o his_o tenement_n again_o but_o if_o he_o come_v not_o within_o that_o space_n then_o at_o the_o next_o county_n court_n the_o lord_n ought_v open_o to_o declare_v all_o that_o his_o former_a proceed_v to_o the_o end_n that_o it_o may_v be_v notorious_a which_o be_v do_v at_o his_o own_o court_n next_o follow_v the_o say_a county_n it_o shall_v be_v final_o award_v that_o he_o may_v enter_v into_o that_o tenement_n and_o manure_v it_o as_o his_o proper_a demean_n and_o that_o the_o forfeiture_n due_a to_o the_o lord_n for_o this_o ceasser_n of_o his_o tenant_n be_v five_o pound_n at_o the_o least_o beside_o the_o arrearage_n it_o do_v well_o appear_v by_o the_o old_a kentish_a by_o word_n recite_v in_o the_o often_o remember_v treatise_n of_o these_o custom_n neg_fw-mi he_o sith_o seal_v and_o neg_fw-mi he_o sith_o geld_v and_o five_o pound_n for_o the_o be_v ere_o he_o become_v heald_a that_o be_v to_o say_v have_v he_o not_o since_o any_o thing_n give_v nor_o have_v he_o not_o sense_n any_o thing_n pay_v then_o let_v he_o pay_v five_o pound_n for_o he_o be_v before_o he_o become_v tenant_n or_o holder_n again_o but_o some_o copy_n have_v the_o first_o verse_n thus_o nigond_a scythe_n seld_o and_o nigon_n sith_o geld_v that_o be_v let_v he_o nine_o time_n pay_v and_o nine_o time_n repay_v and_o here_o by_o the_o way_n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o this_o word_n be_v in_o old_a time_n signify_v the_o value_n or_o price_n of_o a_o man_n life_n estimation_n or_o countenance_n for_o before_o the_o conquest_n each_o man_n in_o the_o realm_n be_v value_v at_o a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n have_v regard_n to_o his_o degree_n condition_n and_o worthiness_n as_o be_v more_o at_o large_a show_v in_o the_o table_n to_o the_o translation_n of_o the_o saxon_a law_n whereunto_o for_o this_o purpose_n i_o will_v send_v you_o this_o custom_n of_o cessavit_fw-la be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o treatise_n of_o custom_n and_o have_v be_v allow_v of_o as_o master_n frowike_n 21._o h._n 7._o 15._o report_v in_o time_n pass_v but_o whether_o it_o be_v also_o at_o this_o day_n put_v in_o ure_n i_o can_v certain_o affirm_v but_o now_o as_o these_o advantage_n arise_v to_o the_o lord_n from_o his_o tenant_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o lord_n also_o ought_v to_o suffer_v his_o tenant_n to_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o such_o custom_n as_o make_v for_o his_o avail_n and_o therefore_o first_o he_o ought_v to_o let_v he_o alien_n his_o land_n at_o his_o own_o pleasure_n without_o sue_v to_o he_o for_o licence_n he_o ought_v also_o to_o be_v content_v with_o one_o suit_n to_o his_o court_n for_o one_o tenement_n although_o the_o same_o happen_v to_o be_v divide_v amongst_o many_o of_o very_a right_n also_o he_o ought_v to_o admit_v a_o essoine_n if_o any_o be_v cast_v for_o the_o tenant_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o a_o cause_n of_o plaint_n or_o for_o common_a suit_n to_o his_o court_n and_o last_o he_o may_v not_o exact_v of_o he_o any_o manner_n of_o oath_n other_o than_o that_o of_o fidelity_n which_o grow_v due_a by_o reason_n of_o his_o tenure_n courtesy_n and_o thus_o leave_v the_o lord_n and_o his_o tenant_n let_v we_o come_v to_o the_o husband_n and_o the_o wife_n and_o first_o show_v what_o courtesy_n the_o husband_n shall_v find_v by_o order_n of_o this_o custom_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o wife_n that_o be_v seize_v of_o land_n of_o gavelkind_n tenure_n and_o than_o what_o benefit_n the_o wife_n may_v have_v after_o the_o decease_n of_o her_o husband_n die_v seize_v of_o land_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n and_o nature_n the_o husband_n say_v our_o treatise_n of_o gavelkind_n custom_n shall_v have_v the_o one_o half_a of_o such_o gavelkind_n land_n wherein_o his_o wife_n have_v estate_n of_o inheritance_n whether_o he_o have_v issue_n by_o she_o or_o no_o and_o shall_v hold_v the_o same_o during_o so_o long_a time_n as_o he_o will_v keep_v himself_o widower_n and_o unmarried_a for_o if_o he_o marry_v he_o lose_v all_o neither_o may_v he_o commit_v any_o waste_n more_o than_o tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n at_o the_o common_a law_n may_v so_o that_o one_o way_n namely_o in_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v his_o wife_n land_n for_o life_n though_o he_o never_o have_v issue_n by_o she_o this_o our_o custom_n be_v more_o courteous_a than_o the_o common_a law_n but_o a_o other_o way_n i_o mean_v in_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v but_o the_o one_o half_a and_o that_o with_o a_o prohibition_n of_o second_o marriage_n it_o be_v loss_n beneficial_a howsoever_o it_o be_v it_o hold_v place_n and_o be_v put_v in_o practice_n at_o this_o day_n therein_o the_o wife_n likewise_o after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n shall_v have_v for_o her_o life_n the_o one_o moiety_n of_o all_o such_o land_n of_o gavelkind_n tenure_n whereof_o her_o husband_n be_v seize_v of_o any_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n during_o the_o coverture_n between_o they_o of_o which_o custom_n also_o though_o it_o exceed_v common_a measure_n the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n bear_v always_o special_a favour_n to_o dower_n have_v evermore_o even_o hitherto_o show_v good_a allowance_n nevertheless_o as_o tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n after_o this_o custom_n have_v his_o condition_n annex_v so_o tenant_n in_o dower_n by_o the_o same_o custom_n want_v not_o some_o condition_n follow_v her_o estate_n one_o that_o she_o may_v not_o marry_v at_o all_o &_o a_o other_o that_o she_o must_v take_v diligent_a heed_n that_o she_o be_v not_o find_v with_o child_n beget_v in_o fornication_n for_o in_o either_o case_n she_o must_v loose_v her_o dower_n but_o yet_o so_o that_o lawful_a matrimony_n be_v by_o a_o mean_a contrary_a to_o the_o apostolic_a permission_n utter_o forbid_v and_o the_o sin_n of_o secret_a lechery_n according_a to_o the_o popish_a paradox_n si_fw-mi non_fw-la cante_fw-la tamen_fw-la caute_fw-la be_v in_o a_o sort_n bear_v and_o abide_v see_v that_o by_o this_o custom_n she_o forfeit_v not_o in_o this_o late_a case_n unless_o the_o child_n be_v bear_v and_o hear_v to_o cry_v and_o
to_o his_o tenant_n any_o alteration_n of_o this_o old_a custom_n and_o manner_n for_o as_o the_o plead_n be_v quod_fw-la terrae_fw-la praedictae_fw-la sunt_fw-la de_fw-la tenura_fw-la &_o natura_fw-la de_fw-la gavelkind_n even_o so_o the_o truth_n be_v that_o the_o present_a tenure_n only_o guide_v not_o the_o descent_n but_o that_o the_o tenure_n and_o the_o nature_n together_o do_v govern_v it_o and_o therefore_o as_o on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o custom_n can_v not_o attach_v or_o take_v hold_v of_o that_o which_o be_v not_o before_o in_o nature_n subject_a to_o the_o custom_n that_o be_v to_o say_v accustomable_o depart_v so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o practice_n of_o the_o custom_n long_a time_n continue_v may_v not_o be_v interrupt_v by_o a_o bare_a alteration_n of_o the_o tenure_n and_o this_o be_v not_o my_o fantasy_n but_o the_o resolution_n of_o all_o the_o justice_n as_o judge_n dalison_n himself_o have_v leave_v report_v 4._o &_o 5._o philippi_n &_o mariae_fw-la and_o also_o of_o the_o court_n 26._o h._n 8._o 5._o where_o it_o be_v affirm_v that_o if_o a_o man_n be_v seize_v of_o gavelkind_n land_n hold_v in_o socage_n make_v a_o gift_n in_o tail_n &_o create_v a_o tenure_n in_o knight_n service_n that_o yet_o this_o land_n must_v descend_v after_o the_o custom_n as_o it_o do_v before_o the_o change_n of_o the_o tenure_n gavelkind_n moreover_o as_o the_o change_n of_o the_o tenure_n can_v not_o prevail_v against_o this_o custom_n so_o neither_o the_o continuance_n of_o a_o contrary_a usage_n may_v alter_v this_o prescription_n for_o it_o be_v hold_v 16._o e._n 2._o praescription_n 52._o in_o fitzherbert_n that_o albeit_o the_o elder_a son_n only_o have_v and_o that_o for_o many_o discentes_fw-la together_o enter_v into_o gavelkind_a land_n and_o occupy_v it_o without_o any_o contradiction_n of_o the_o young_a brother_n that_o yet_o the_o land_n remain_v partible_a between_o they_o when_o so_o ever_o they_o will_v put_v to_o their_o claim_n against_o which_o assertion_n that_o which_o be_v say_v 10._o h._n 3._o in_o the_o title_n of_o praescription_n 64._o namely_o of_o the_o issue_n take_v thus_o si_fw-mi terra_fw-la illa_fw-la fuit_fw-la partita_fw-la nec_fw-la ne_fw-la be_v not_o great_o forceable_a for_o although_o it_o be_v so_o that_o the_o land_n be_v never_o depart_v in_o deed_n yet_o if_o it_o remain_v partible_a in_o nature_n it_o may_v be_v depart_v when_o so_o ever_o occasion_n shall_v be_v minister_v and_o therefore_o even_o in_o the_o form_n of_o plead_v use_v at_o this_o day_n quod_fw-la terra_fw-la illa_fw-la a_o toto_fw-la tempore_fw-la etc_n etc_n partibilis_fw-la fuit_fw-la &_o partita_fw-la it_o be_v plain_o take_v that_o the_o word_n partibilis_fw-la only_a be_v of_o substance_n and_o that_o the_o word_n partita_fw-la be_v but_o a_o word_n of_o form_n and_o not_o material_a or_o traversable_a at_o all_o yea_o so_o inseparable_a be_v this_o custom_n from_o the_o land_n in_o which_o it_o obtain_v that_o a_o contrary_a descent_n continue_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o crown_n itself_o can_v not_o hinder_v but_o that_o after_o such_o time_n as_o the_o land_n shall_v resort_v again_o to_o a_o common_a person_n the_o former_a inveterate_a custom_n shall_v govern_v it_o as_o for_o the_o purpose_n land_n of_o gavelkind_a nature_n come_v to_o the_o queen_n hand_n by_o purchase_n or_o by_o escheat_n as_o hold_v of_o her_o manor_n of_o a._n now_o after_o her_o death_n all_o her_o son_n shall_v inherit_v and_o divide_v they_o but_o if_o they_o come_v to_o she_o by_o forfeiture_n in_o treason_n or_o by_o gift_n in_o parliament_n so_o that_o her_o grace_n be_v seize_v of_o they_o in_o jure_fw-la coronae_fw-la then_o her_o elder_a son_n only_o which_o shall_v be_v king_n after_o she_o shall_v enjoy_v they_o in_o which_o case_n although_o those_o land_n which_o the_o elder_a son_n be_v king_n do_v possess_v do_v come_v to_o his_o elder_a son_n after_o he_o be_v king_n also_o and_o so_o from_o one_o to_o another_o by_o sundry_a descent_n yet_o the_o opinion_n of_o sir_n anthony_n browne_n be_v 7._o elizab._n that_o if_o at_o any_o time_n after_o the_o same_o land_n be_v grant_v to_o a_o common_a person_n they_o shall_v revolt_v to_o their_o former_a nature_n of_o gavelkind_n and_o be_v partible_a amongst_o his_o heir_n male_n notwithstanding_o that_o they_o have_v run_v a_o contrary_a course_n in_o diverse_a the_o discentes_fw-la of_o the_o king_n before_o but_o much_o less_o may_v the_o unity_n of_o possession_n in_o the_o lord_n frustrate_v the_o custom_n of_o gavelkind_a descent_n as_o it_o may_v appear_v 14._o h._n 4._o in_o the_o long_a recordare_fw-la only_o therefore_o these_o two_o case_n i_o doubt_v of_o concern_v this_o point_n and_o thereupon_o judge_v they_o meet_v to_o be_v inquire_v of_o that_o be_v to_o say_v first_o if_o a_o tenancy_n in_o gavelkind_n escheat_n to_o the_o lord_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o ceasser_n as_o hereafter_o it_o shall_v appear_v that_o it_o may_v or_o if_o it_o be_v grant_v unto_o the_o lord_n by_o the_o tenant_n fee_n without_o any_o reservation_n which_o lord_n hold_v over_o by_o fee_n of_o haubert_n or_o by_o serieancie_n both_o which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v knight_n service_n whether_o now_o this_o tenancy_n be_v partible_a amongst_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o lord_n or_o no._n for_o the_o ancient_a treatise_n of_o the_o kentish_a custom_n so_o determine_v but_o i_o wot_v not_o whether_o experience_n so_o allow_v the_o other_o doubt_n be_v this_o if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o any_o whole_a town_n or_o village_n in_o kent_n have_v not_o at_o any_o time_n that_o can_v be_v show_v be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o exercise_n of_o gavelkind_a descent_n whether_o yet_o the_o custom_n of_o gavelkind_n shall_v have_v place_n there_o or_o no._n toward_o the_o resolution_n of_o which_o late_a ambiguity_n it_o shall_v tend_v somewhat_o to_o show_v how_o far_o this_o custom_n extend_v itself_o within_o this_o our_o country_n kent_n it_o be_v common_o take_v therefore_o that_o the_o custom_n of_o gavelkind_n be_v general_a and_o spread_v itself_o throughout_o the_o whole_a shire_n into_o all_o land_n subject_a by_o ancient_a tenure_n unto_o the_o same_o such_o place_n only_o except_v where_o it_o be_v alter_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o 5._o e._n 4._o 18._o and._n 14._o h._n 4._o 8._o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o custom_n of_o gavelkind_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o common_a law_n in_o kent_n and_o the_o book_n 22._o e._n 4._o 19_o affirm_v that_o in_o demand_v gavelkind_n land_n a_o man_n shall_v not_o need_v to_o prescribe_v in_o certain_a and_o to_o show_v that_o the_o town_n borrow_n or_o city_n where_o the_o land_n be_v be_v a_o ancient_a town_n borrow_n or_o city_n and_o that_o the_o custom_n have_v be_v there_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n that_o the_o land_n within_o the_o same_o town_n borrow_v or_o city_n shall_v descend_v to_o all_o the_o heir_n male_n etc_n etc_n but_o that_o be_v 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be_v say_v that_o faeminae_fw-la non_fw-la participabunt_fw-la cum_fw-la masculis_fw-la the_o female_n shall_v not_o divide_v with_o the_o male_n which_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o such_o as_o be_v in_o equal_a degree_n of_o kindred_n as_o brother_n and_o sister_n etc_n etc_n for_o if_o a_o man_n have_v issue_v three_o son_n &_o the_o elder_a have_v issue_v a_o daughter_n &_o die_v in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n and_o the_o father_n die_v in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o daughter_n shall_v join_v with_o the_o two_o other_o brethren_n her_o uncle_n for_o that_o she_o be_v not_o in_o equal_a degree_n with_o they_o as_o her_o father_n be_v who_o heir_n she_o nevertheless_o must_v be_v of_o necessity_n land_n and_o now_o thus_o much_o be_v speak_v touch_v the_o name_n tenure_n nature_n generality_n necessity_n reason_n and_o order_n of_o gavelkind_n it_o be_v worthy_a the_o labour_n to_o show_v of_o what_o quality_n the_o rent_n remainder_n condition_n 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much_o as_o in_o that_o case_n the_o word_n next_o heir_n male_a be_v not_o a_o name_n of_o purchase_n howbeit_o it_o be_v great_o doubt_v 3._o &_o 4._o phil._n &_o mariae_fw-la as_o justice_n dalison_n report_v if_o a_o remainder_n be_v devise_v by_o testament_n proximo_fw-la haeredi_fw-la masculo_fw-la whether_o in_o that_o case_n the_o elder_a brother_n only_o shall_v have_v it_o in_o so_o much_o as_o in_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o law_n which_o be_v a_o judge_n over_o all_o custom_n he_o be_v the_o next_o heir_n male_a and_o therefore_o inquire_v of_o it_o as_o touch_v voucher_n it_o appear_v 11._o e._n 3._o vourcher_n that_o all_o the_o heir_n in_o gavelkind_n shall_v be_v vouch_v for_o the_o warranty_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o not_o the_o elder_a only_a but_o the_o opinion_n of_o master_n litleton_n and_o of_o the_o justice_n 22._o e._n 4._o be_v clear_o that_o the_o elder_a son_n only_o shall_v be_v rebut_v or_o bar_v by_o the_o warranty_n of_o the_o ancestor_n to_o 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writ_n of_o right_n by_o battle_n and_o by_o the_o grand_a assize_n gavelkind_n of_o the_o which_o two_o this_o custom_n exclude_v the_o one_o &_o alter_v the_o other_o for_o battle_n it_o admit_v not_o at_o all_o &_o the_o grand_a assize_n it_o receive_v not_o by_o the_o election_n of_o 4._o knight_n but_o of_o 4._o tenant_n in_o gavelkind_n as_o it_o may_v be_v read_v in_o the_o ancient_a treatise_n of_o the_o custom_n of_o this_o country_n but_o when_o i_o speak_v of_o the_o treatise_n of_o the_o custom_n you_o must_v know_v i_o mean_v not_o the_o which_o be_v late_o imprint_v but_o a_o other_o with_o much_o more_o faith_n &_o diligence_n long_o since_o exemplify_v a_o copy_n whereof_o you_o shall_v find_v at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o book_n for_o not_o only_o in_o this_o part_n the_o word_n ne_fw-la soient_fw-fr prize_n per_fw-la battle_n be_v clean_o omit_v in_o the_o imprint_v book_n but_o in_o sundry_a other_o place_n also_o the_o word_n be_v mangle_v the_o sentence_n be_v curtail_v and_o the_o meaning_n be_v obscure_v as_o by_o conference_n of_o the_o variation_n it_o may_v to_o any_o skilful_a reader_n most_o easy_o appear_v but_o all_o that_o i_o will_v refer_v to_o the_o sight_n and_o judgement_n of_o such_o as_o will_v search_v and_o examine_v it_o and_o return_v to_o my_o purpose_n show_v you_o what_o belong_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o this_o gavelkind_n land_n by_o reason_n of_o this_o custom_n and_o for_o because_o the_o prince_n be_v chief_a lord_n of_o all_o the_o realm_n as_o of_o who_o all_o land_n within_o the_o same_o be_v either_o mediate_o or_o immediate_o hold_v let_v we_o first_o see_v what_o right_a by_o reason_n of_o this_o custom_n belong_v unto_o he_o felony_n if_o tenant_n in_o fee_n simple_a of_o land_n in_o gavelkind_n commit_v felony_n and_o suffer_v the_o judgement_n of_o death_n therefore_o the_o prince_n shall_v have_v all_o his_o chattel_n for_o a_o forfeiture_n but_o as_o touch_v the_o land_n he_o shall_v neither_o have_v 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or_o otherwise_o if_o he_o take_v sanctuary_n and_o do_v abjure_v the_o realm_n then_o shall_v his_o heir_n reap_v no_o benefit_n by_o this_o custom_n but_o the_o prince_n or_o the_o lord_n shall_v take_v their_o forfeiture_n in_o such_o degree_n as_o if_o the_o land_n be_v at_o the_o common_a law_n which_o thing_n be_v apparent_a both_o by_o the_o book_n 8._o e._n 2._o abridge_v by_o master_n fitzherbert_n in_o his_o title_n of_o prescription_n 50._o and_o by_o 22._o e._n 3._o fol._n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o this_o custom_n shall_v not_o be_v construe_v by_o equity_n but_o by_o a_o straight_a and_o literal_a interpretation_n and_o also_o by_o the_o plain_a rehearsal_n of_o the_o say_a treatise_n of_o
at_o the_o sea._n the_o college_n the_o value_n of_o the_o religious_a house_n in_o this_o shire_n the_o city_n when_o it_o begin_v the_o old_a school_n at_o canterbury_n the_o decay_n of_o canterbury_n and_o other_o place_n continual_a contention_n between_o the_o two_o great_a house_n in_o canterbury_n christeschurche_n in_o canterbury_n thomas_n becket_n the_o archbishop_n &_o his_o history_n saint_n augustine_n the_o dead_a in_o old_a time_n be_v bury_v out_o of_o the_o city_n popish_a brawl_n s._n maries_n in_o canterbury_n the_o saint_n and_o relic_n at_o canterbury_n s._n august_n thomas_n becket_n have_v two_o head_n s._n gregory_n in_o canterbury_n s._n laurenceâ_n hospital_n s_o james_n hospital_n s._n sepulcher_n white_a friar_n s._n mildredâ_n the_o bishop_n palace_n s._n martin_n be_v a_o bishop_n see._n s._n sepulcher_n by_o canterbury_n the_o monk_n contend_v with_o the_o archbishop_n and_o do_v prevail_v the_o vanity_n of_o man_n and_o the_o subtlety_n of_o the_o 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compel_v to_o take_v the_o thamise_n the_o dane_n be_v chase_v from_o otforde_n earl_n edrie_n a_o infamus_fw-la traitor_n a_o noble_a example_n of_o king_n edmunde_n ironside_n the_o name_n of_o town_n end_v in_o ing_o the_o abbay_n the_o solace_n of_o solâ_n life_n the_o castle_n the_o clergy_n be_v law_n less_o the_o priory_n at_o tun-bridge_n the_o low_z the_o of_o tunbridge_n 42._o h._n 3._o the_o archebishop_n have_v a_o earl_n to_o his_o butler_n the_o rooââ_n of_o asherst_n be_v a_o grow_a idol_n the_o master_n of_o the_o navy_n royal._n alphey_n the_o archbishop_n be_v cruel_o slay_v a_o popish_a mind_n 32._o shire_n in_o england_n great_a summâ_n of_o money_n pay_v to_o the_o dane_n the_o priory_n of_o shene_n the_o friary_n the_o palace_n the_o rebellion_n of_o jack_n straw_n the_o rebellion_n of_o jack_n cade_n the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o black_a smith_n lord_n richard_n lucy_n the_o ancient_a manner_n of_o the_o trial_n of_o right_a to_o land_n wager_n of_o law_n hengist_n &_o horsa_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o kentish_a kingdom_n orpenton_n &_o the_o course_n of_o cray_n water_n mesopotamia_n signify_v a_o country_n encompass_v with_o river_n rochester_n castle_n besiege_v prince_n may_v woo_v by_o picture_n and_o mary_n by_o proctor_n the_o abbay_n the_o old_a manner_n of_o tournament_n the_o occasion_n of_o jacke_n straw_n his_o rebellion_n the_o courââ_n of_o the_o river_n of_o derent_fw-la the_o name_n of_o portreve_v whereof_o it_o come_v the_o name_n of_o sheriff_n london_n have_v a_o portreve_n the_o office_n of_o a_o reue._n a_o learned_a age_n in_o which_o priest_n have_v more_o latin_n they_o english_a and_o yet_o almost_o no_o latin_a at_o all_o the_o order_n of_o this_o description_n the_o manor_n the_o church_n of_o s._n hildeferthe_n the_o ancient_a form_n of_o a_o testament_n the_o ancient_a estate_n of_o a_o gentleman_n and_o by_o what_o mean_v gentle_a be_v obtain_v in_o the_o old_a time_n the_o degree_n of_o freemen_n earl_n thein_n and_o churl_n alderman_n shireman_n etc_o etc_o be_v name_n of_o office_n wisdom_n be_v more_o profitable_a when_o it_o be_v join_v with_o riches_n merchandise_n and_o husbandry_n 1._o the_o worship_n of_o many_o gods._n saint_n edith_n and_o her_o offering_n the_o old_a &_o new_a roman_n agre_fw-la in_o many_o point_n of_o religion_n s._n thomas_n becket_n spiteful_a miracle_n s._n bartilmew_n of_o otford_n and_o his_o offering_n the_o palace_n at_o otford_n cardinal_n morton_n erasmus_n do_v misreporte_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o contention_n between_o the_o king_n and_o thomas_n becket_n the_o manor_n of_o winghan_n reigate_n castle_n in_o surrey_n the_o school_n and_o alm_n house_n the_o town_n the_o name_n gavelkind_n whereof_o it_o arise_v to_o shift_v land_n be_v a_o old_a term_n the_o antiquity_n of_o gavelkind_n custom_n the_o division_n of_o this_o discourse_n what_o land_n be_v of_o gavel_n kind_a nature_n some_o knight_n fee_n be_v gavelkind_n ancient_a knight_n fee_n be_v not_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o gavelkind_n the_o change_n of_o gavelkind_n tenure_n be_v no_o change_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o gavelkind_n a_o contrary_a usage_n change_v not_o the_o nature_n of_o gavelkind_n heahbeorg_n in_o saxon_a be_v a_o high_a defence_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o normandy_n that_o call_v fiene_a or_o fee_n de_fw-fr haubert_n which_o owe_v to_o defend_v the_o land_n by_o full_a arm_n that_o be_v by_o horse_n haubert_n target_n sword_n or_o helm_n and_o it_o consist_v of_o 300._o acre_n of_o land_n which_o be_v the_o same_o as_o i_o suppose_v that_o we_o call_v a_o whole_a knight_n fee_n fee_n the_o custom_n of_o gavelkind_n be_v universal_a in_o kent_n the_o reason_n of_o gavelkind_n custom_n what_o thing_n shall_v ensue_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o land_n rent_n remainder_n vourcher_n condition_n attaint_n and_o error_n no_o battle_n nor_o grand_a assize_n in_o gavelkind_n forfeiture_n in_o felony_n cessavit_fw-la in_o gavelkind_n tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n tenant_n in_o dâwer_n the_o difference_n between_o common_a law_n and_o custom_n therein_o dower_n of_o chattel_n partition_n of_o chattel_n partition_n of_o chattel_n london_n partition_n of_o gavelkind_n land_n astrâ_n what_o it_o mean_v garden_n after_o the_o custom_n sale_n be_v at_o 15._o yearââ_n sale_n good_a at_o 15._o year_n no_o villain_n in_o kent_n appearance_n câmen_fw-fr chase_n and_o drive_v out_o attaint_n change_a of_o way_n goppy_n these_o word_n between_o the_o star_n be_v take_v out_o of_o a_o other_o old_a copy_n free_a man_n esechator_fw-la give_v and_o sell_v land_n without_o licence_n plede_n by_o write_v or_o pleinte_v appear_v by_o borsholder_n no_o escheat_n for_o felony_n but_o of_o good_n only_o dower_n of_o the_o one_o half_a fly_v for_o felony_n cause_v forfeiture_n partition_n among_o the_o heir_n male_n the_o astre_n courtesan_n in_o other_o copy_n one_o suit_n for_o all_o the_o parcener_n partition_n of_o good_n custody_n of_o the_o heir_n in_o gavelkind_n sale_n at_o xv_o year_n of_o age_n dower_n of_o the_o one_o half_a forfeiture_n of_o dower_n tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o the_o one_o half_a the_o descent_n of_o gavelkind_n change_v forfeiture_n by_o ceslavit_fw-la or_o gâuelate_fw-la no_o oath_n but_o for_o fealty_n essoignes_n no_o battle_n nor_o graunâ_n assize_n in_o guelkinde_a land_n a_o table_n contain_v the_o principal_a place_n and_o matter_n handle_v in_o this_o book_n a_o angles_n or_o englishman_n page_n 2_o archbishopric_n of_o canterbury_n page_n 62_o archbishop_n contend_v for_o the_o primacy_n page_n 65_o archbishop_n all_o name_v page_n 70_o armour_n page_n 112._o 211._o apledore_n page_n 146._o 162_o ail_v or_o eile_v a_o river_n page_n 177._o correction_n of_o adultery_n page_n 180._o appropriation_n page_n 292_o ailesforde_n page_n 321._o asheherst_n page_n 333._o adington_n page_n 258._o aldington_n page_n 149._o b_o brytones_n or_o welshman_n page_n 1._o 12._o borsholder_n what_o he_o be_v page_n 22_o bridge_n of_o stone_n page_n
and_o of_o burhham_n burham_n &_o and_o of_o of_o acclesse_a acclesse_a &_o and_o of_o of_o horstede_n horstede_n &_o of_o fearnlege_n and_o of_o farley_n &_o of_o terstane_n and_o of_o teston_n &_o of_o cealce_a and_o of_o chalk_n &_o of_o hennhyste_n and_o of_o henhyrst_n &_o of_o and_o of_o aedune_n edon_n ðonne_v then_o be_v be_v seo_fw-la the_o five_o five_o per_fw-la paes_fw-la peer_n the_o arcebiscope_n archbishop_n to_o Æ¿roteham_n to_o wrotham_n &_o to_o maegþanstane_n and_o to_o maydstone_n &_o to_o and_o to_o Æ¿oþringebyran_n wateringbyrie_a &_o to_o netlestede_n and_o to_o nettlested_n &_o to_o þam_n and_o to_o the_o tÆ¿am_n peccham_n two_o peckam_n &_o to_o haeselholte_n and_o to_o haselholte_n &_o to_o maeranÆ¿yrþe_v and_o to_o mereworth_n &_o to_o lillanburnan_n and_o to_o layborne_n &_o to_o sÆ¿anatune_n and_o to_o swanton_n &_o to_o offaham_n and_o to_o ofham_n &_o to_o dictune_n and_o to_o dytton_n &_o to_o Æ¿esterham_n and_o to_o westerham_n &_o iiij_o gyrda_fw-mi to_o þillanne_n and_o four_o yard_n to_o plank_n &_o iij._n sylle_n to_o and_o 3._o plate_n to_o leccanne_v lie_v ðonne_v then_o be_v be_v syo_n the_o seoxte_v six_o per_n peer_n to_o to_o holingaburnan_n holingborne_n &_o to_o and_o to_o eallan_n all_o þam_n laeþe_n that_o lath_z &_o iiij_o gyrda_fw-mi to_o þelliene_n and_o four_o yard_n to_o plank_n &_o iiij_o sulla_o to_o leccenne_n and_o four_o plate_n to_o lay_v ðonne_v then_o be_v be_v syo_n the_o syoveþe_n seven_o &_o syo_n eahteþe_v per._n and_o the_o eight_o peer_n to_o hoÆ¿aran_n land_n to_o the_o man_n of_o hoo_n to_o to_o Æ¿yrcenne_n work_v &_o fyfte_fw-mi and_o four_o healf_n gird_v to_o þillanne_v yard_n and_o a_o half_a to_o plank_n &_o vj._n sulla_o to_o and_o six_o plate_n to_o lyccanne_v lay_v ðonne_v then_o be_v be_v syo_n the_o nigaþa_n nine_o per_fw-la peer_n þaes_fw-la the_o aercebiscope_n archbishop_n ê§_n be_v syo_n land_n per_fw-la aet_fw-la þam_fw-la that_o be_v the_o land_n peer_n at_o the_o Æ¿_a west_n aende_v end_n to_o to_o fliote_n fleet_n &_o to_o his_o clyfe_n and_o to_o his_o cliff_n bishop_n cliff_n &_o to_o hehham_n and_o to_o higham_n &_o to_o and_o to_o denetune_n denton_n and_o and_o to_o to_o melantune_v mâlton_n and_o and_o to_o to_o hludesdune_n ludsdowne_n and_o and_o to_o to_o meapeham_n mepham_n and_o and_o to_o to_o snodilande_n snodland_n and_o and_o to_o to_o berlingan_v berling_n and_o and_o to_o to_o peadlesÆ¿yrðe_v paddelsworthe_n and_o and_o ealla_fw-la ða_fw-la daeneÆ¿aru_fw-la to_o all_o that_o valley_n man_n and_o iiij_o gyrda_fw-mi to_o ðillianne_n and_o four_o yard_n to_o plank_n and_o and_o ðryo_n three_o sylle_v plate_n to_o leccanne_v to_o lay_v haec_fw-la descriptio_fw-la demonstrate_v apertè_fw-la unde_fw-la debeat_fw-la pons_fw-la de_fw-la rovecestra_fw-la restaurari_fw-la quotÃens_fw-la fuerit_fw-la fractus_fw-la primum_fw-la eiusdem_fw-la civitatis_fw-la episcopus_fw-la incipit_fw-la operari_fw-la in_o orientali_fw-la brachio_n primam_fw-la peram_fw-la de_fw-la terra_fw-la deinde_fw-la tres_fw-la virgatas_fw-la plancas_fw-la ponere_fw-la &_o tres_fw-la sulivas_fw-la 1._o tres_fw-la magnas_fw-la trabes_fw-la supponere_fw-la et_fw-la hoc_fw-la faciet_fw-la de_fw-la borchastalle_n &_o de_fw-fr cuclestana_n &_o de_fw-fr freondesbiria_n &_o de_fw-fr stoche_n secunda_fw-la pera_fw-la pertinet_fw-la ad_fw-la gillingeham_n &_o ad_fw-la caetham_fw-la &_o unam_fw-la virgatam_fw-la plancas_fw-la ponere_fw-la &_o 3._o sulivas_fw-la supponere_fw-la tertia_fw-la pera_fw-la pertinet_fw-la iterum_fw-la ad_fw-la episcopum_fw-la eiusdem_fw-la civitatis_fw-la qui_fw-la debet_fw-la 2._o uÃrgatas_fw-la &_o dÃmid_n plancas_fw-la ponere_fw-la &_o 3._o sulivas_fw-la supponere_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la fiet_fw-la de_fw-la heallinge_n trottesclive_a meallinge_n suthfleote_n stanes_n pinnendene_n &_o falceham_n quarta_fw-la pera_fw-la pertinet_fw-la ad_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o debet_fw-la 3._o virgat_fw-la &_o dimid_n plancas_fw-la ponere_fw-la &_o 3._o sulivas_fw-la supponere_fw-la et_fw-la hoc_fw-la fiet_fw-la de_fw-la eilesforda_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr toto_fw-la illo_fw-la laesto_fw-la quod_fw-la ad_fw-la illud_fw-la manerium_fw-la pertinet_fw-la &_o de_fw-la supermontaneis_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr aclea_n &_o de_fw-fr smalaland_n &_o the_o cusintune_v &_o de_fw-fr dudesland_n &_o the_o gisleardes_n land_n &_o de_fw-fr wulâcham_n &_o de_fw-fr burham_n &_o the_o aclesse_a horsteda_n fearnlega_n terstane_n cealca_n henhersta_n &_o the_o hathdune_n quinta_fw-la pera_fw-la est_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la &_o debet_fw-la 4._o virgat_fw-la plancas_fw-la ponere_fw-la &_o 3._o sulivas_fw-la summittere_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la debet_fw-la fieri_fw-la de_fw-la wrotham_n maedestana_n oteringaberiga_n netlesteda_n duabus_fw-la peccham_n haeselholt_n maerewurtha_n lilleburna_fw-la swanatuna_fw-la offeham_n dictuna_n &_o westerham_n sexta._fw-la pera_fw-la debet_fw-la fieri_fw-la de_fw-la holingburna_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr toto_fw-la illo_fw-la laesto_fw-la quod_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la pertinet_fw-la 4._o virgat_fw-la plancas_fw-la ponere_fw-la &_o 3._o fulivas_fw-la supponere_fw-la septimam_fw-la &_o octavam_fw-la peram_fw-la debent_fw-la facere_fw-la homines_fw-la de_fw-la how_o &_o 4._o &_o dimid_a virgat_fw-la plancas_fw-la ponere_fw-la &_o sex_n sulivas_fw-la supponere_fw-la nona_fw-la pera_fw-la quae_fw-la ultima_fw-la est_fw-la in_fw-la occidentali_fw-la brachio_n est_fw-la iterum_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la 4._o virgat_fw-la plancas_fw-la ponere_fw-la &_o tres_fw-la sulivas_fw-la summittere_fw-la et_fw-la hoc_fw-la debet_fw-la fieri_fw-la de_fw-la northfleta_n cliva_fw-la heahham_n denituna_n meletuna_fw-la hludesduna_n meapeham_n snodilanda_n berlinge_n peadleswrthe_n &_o de_fw-fr omnibus_fw-la illis_fw-la hominibus_fw-la qui_fw-la manent_fw-la in_o illa_fw-la valle_o et_fw-la sciendum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la illae_fw-la sulivae_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o ponte_fw-la illo_fw-la ponentur_fw-la tantae_fw-la grossitudinis_fw-la debent_fw-la esse_fw-la ut_fw-la bene_fw-la possint_fw-la sustinere_fw-la omne_fw-la gravia_fw-la pondera_fw-la superiacentium_fw-la plancarum_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la desuper_fw-la transeuntium_fw-la rerum_fw-la by_o these_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o this_o ancient_a bridge_n consist_v of_o nine_o arch_n or_o peer_n &_o contain_v in_o length_n about_o twenty_o and_o six_o rod_n or_o yard_n as_o they_o be_v here_o term_v towards_o the_o reparation_n and_o maintenance_n whereof_o diverse_a person_n parcel_n of_o land_n and_o township_n as_o you_o see_v be_v of_o duty_n bind_v to_o bring_v stuff_n &_o to_o bestow_v both_o cost_n &_o labour_n in_o lay_v it_o this_o duty_n grow_v either_o by_o tenure_n or_o custom_n or_o both_o &_o it_o seem_v that_o according_a to_o the_o quantity_n and_o proportion_n of_o the_o land_n to_o be_v charge_v the_o carriage_n also_o be_v either_o more_o or_o less_o for_o here_o be_v express_a mention_n not_o of_o town_n and_o manor_n only_o but_o of_o yoke_n and_o acre_n also_o which_o be_v contributory_a to_o the_o aid_n of_o carry_v pitch_v and_o lay_v of_o pile_n plank_n and_o other_o great_a timber_n and_o here_o by_o the_o way_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o so_o much_o of_o the_o work_n as_o arise_v of_o stone_n and_o earth_n be_v call_v pera_n of_o the_o latin_a word_n petra_n that_o the_o great_a ground_n post_n plate_n or_o beam_n be_v term_v sullivae_fw-la of_o the_o old_a saxon_a word_n sylle_n which_o we_o yet_o every_o where_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o ground_n sille_n and_o that_o the_o table_n or_o board_n which_o be_v lay_v over_o they_o be_v name_v plancae_n or_o plank_n as_o we_o yet_o also_o in_o our_o vulgar_a language_n do_v sound_v it_o but_o now_o in_o our_o time_n by_o reason_n that_o diverse_a land_n be_v purposely_o give_v to_o maintain_v the_o new_a bridge_n all_o this_o ancient_a duty_n of_o reparation_n be_v quite_o and_o clean_o forget_v although_o by_o the_o statute_n 21._o and_o 2._o the_o forename_a land_n remain_v liable_a as_o before_o yea_o and_o the_o new_a bridge_n itself_o also_o for_o want_n of_o the_o execution_n of_o that_o or_o some_o other_o such_o politic_a way_n of_o maintenance_n both_o present_o lack_v help_v and_o be_v like_o hereafter_o if_o remedy_n in_o time_n be_v not_o apply_v to_o decline_v to_o great_a ruin_n and_o decay_v which_o thing_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o to_o be_v foresee_v and_o pity_v as_o that_o the_o work_n be_v to_o the_o founder_n a_o noble_a monument_n to_o this_o city_n a_o beautiful_a ornament_n and_o to_o the_o whole_a country_n a_o great_a benefit_n commodity_n and_o easement_n of_o this_o latter_a work_n be_v not_o much_o above_o eight_o score_n year_n of_o age_n sir_n robert_n knolles_n a_o man_n advance_v by_o valiant_a behaviour_n captain_n and_o good_a service_n under_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o from_o a_o common_a soldier_n to_o a_o most_o commendable_a captain_n be_v the_o first_o author_n who_o after_o that_o he_o have_v be_v send_v general_n of_o a_o army_n into_o france_n and_o there_o in_o despite_n of_o all_o their_o power_n have_v drive_v the_o people_n like_o sheep_n before_o he_o waste_v burn_a and_o destroy_v town_n castle_n church_n monastery_n and_o city_n in_o such_o wise_a and_o number_n that_o long_o after_o in_o memory_n of_o his_o act_n the_o sharp_a point_n and_o gable_n end_n
quilz_n pusent_v lour_v terres_fw-la in_o that_o which_o shall_v be_v needful_a and_o that_o they_o may_v their_o land_n &_o &_o lour_v their_o tenementz_n tenement_n donor_n &_o vender_n licence_n saunz_fw-fr congee_n demaunder_n a_o give_v and_o sell_v without_o licence_n ask_v of_o their_o lour_v seignerage_n saw_v a_o seignorage_n les_fw-fr rentz_n lord_n save_v unto_o the_o lord_n the_o rent_n and_o e_fw-it les_fw-fr the_o service_n service_n due_n des_fw-fr mesme_n le_fw-fr tenementz_n due_n out_o of_o the_o same_o tenement_n et_fw-fr que_fw-fr touz_v e_fw-la chescun_fw-la and_o that_o all_o and_o every_o of_o they_o puseit_n per_fw-la brë_fw-la le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr may_v by_o writ_n of_o the_o king_n ou_fw-fr or_o per_fw-la by_o plaint_n plaint_n pleinte_v pleader_n pur_fw-mi lour_v plead_n for_o the_o obtain_n drou_fw-fr purchaser_n auxibien_fw-fr de_fw-fr lour_v seignerage_n come_v des_fw-fr auter_fw-fr of_o their_o right_n as_o well_o of_o their_o lord_n as_o of_o other_o man_n gentz_n et_fw-la clament_fw-la auxi_fw-la que_fw-fr la_fw-fr commune_fw-la de_fw-fr gavylekendey_n and_o they_o claim_v also_o that_o the_o commonalty_n of_o gavelkindman_n que_fw-fr ne_fw-fr tenent_fw-la mes_fw-fr que_fw-fr tenemenz_fw-fr gavylekendey_n which_o hold_v none_o other_o than_o tenement_n of_o gavelkind_n nature_n ne_o deivent_a venir_fw-fr a_fw-fr la_fw-fr comune_fw-la somonse_n deal_v eire_n oug_a to_o not_o to_o come_v to_o the_o common_a summons_n of_o the_o eire_n mes_fw-fr but_o ke_fw-mi per_fw-mi borgesaldre_n only_o by_o the_o borsholder_n &_o and_o iiij_o four_o homens_n man_n the_o of_o la_fw-fr the_o borghe_a borrow_n borsholder_n horse_n except_o pris_fw-fr les_fw-fr villee_n que_fw-fr deivent_a responder_n per_fw-la xij_o hommes_fw-fr en_fw-fr le_fw-fr eire_n the_o town_n which_o ought_v to_o answer_v by_o twelve_o man_n in_o the_o eire_n et_fw-la and_o they_o clament_fw-la claim_n auxi_fw-la also_o only_o que_fw-fr sil_fw-fr nul_fw-fr tenant_n en_fw-fr gavylekend_n seit_v attaint_n that_o if_o any_o tenant_n in_o gavelkind_n be_v attaint_v the_o of_o felony_n felony_n per_fw-la que_fw-la for_o the_o which_o il_fw-fr he_o suffer_v suffer_v juice_n de_fw-fr mort_fw-fr judgement_n of_o death_n eit_fw-mi le_fw-fr rây_n the_o king_n touz_v ses_fw-fr chateux_fw-fr shall_v have_v all_o his_o good_n e_o &_o son_n heir_n eir_fw-fr heir_n meintenant_fw-fr forthwith_o apres_fw-fr after_o sa_fw-fr his_o mort_fw-fr death_n seit_z shall_v inherit_v the_o touz_v be_v inheritable_a to_o all_o say_v his_o terres_fw-la land_n &_o &_o tenemenz_n tenement_n que_fw-fr which_o il_fw-fr he_o tient_fw-fr hold_v en_fw-fr in_o gavylekende_v gavelkind_n en_fw-fr in_o fee_n fee_n e_fw-it en_fw-fr heritage_n e_fw-it les_fw-fr tiendâa_fw-fr perââââ_n les_fw-fr &_o in_fw-la inheritance_n and_o he_o shall_v hold_v they_o by_o the_o same_o service_n service_n et_fw-la &_o custom_n custom_n sicome_a ses_fw-fr ancestor_n les_fw-fr tyndront_n dont_fw-fr est_fw-fr do_v as_o his_o ancestor_n hold_v they_o whereupon_o it_o be_v say_v en_fw-fr in_o kenteis_fw-la kentish_n þe_v the_o fader_fw-mi father_n to_o to_o þe_v the_o boghe_n bough_n and_o &_o þe_v the_o son_n son_n to_o þe_v plogh_fw-mi to_o the_o plough_n and_o if_o et_fw-la he_o si_fw-mi il_fw-fr eit_fw-mi have_v a_o femme_fw-fr half_a wife_n meintenant_fw-fr seit_z dough_n forthw_o to_o be_v she_o endow_v by_o ê_n the_o le_fw-fr heir_n heir_n sil_fw-fr seit_z dage_n if_o he_o be_v of_o age_n the_o of_o la_fw-fr the_o meytie_n one_o half_a de_fw-mi touz_v les_fw-fr terres_fw-la e_o tenemenz_fw-fr que_fw-fr son_fw-fr baroun_n tint_v of_o all_o the_o land_n &_o tenement_n which_o her_o husband_n hold_v the_o of_o gavylekend_n gavelkind_n nature_n en_fw-fr in_o fee_n fee_fw-fr a_o aver_v e_o a_o tener_fw-la solonc_fw-fr la_fw-fr form_n de_fw-fr to_o have_v &_o to_o hold_v according_a to_o the_o form_n suthdyte_n hereafter_o declare_v et_fw-la and_o de_fw-la of_o tiel_fw-fr such_o terres_fw-la land_n le_fw-fr the_o roy_fw-fr king_n ne_fw-fr avera_fw-mi an_fw-mi shall_v not_o have_v the_o year_n ne_o nor_o waste_v be_v forfeiture_n mes_fw-fr tant_fw-fr soulment_n les_fw-fr chateux_fw-fr sicome_a il_fw-fr est_fw-fr avamtdit_n et_fw-la si_fw-la but_o only_o the_o good_n as_o be_v before_o say_v and_o if_o any_o man_n of_o nul_fw-fr gavylekendeis_n gavelkind_n either_o pur_fw-mi felony_n either_o for_o felony_n ou_fw-fr or_o pour_fw-fr for_o ret_o suspicion_n de_fw-fr of_o felony_n felony_n se_fw-la suthtres_fw-la a_o draw_v he_o de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pee_z out_o of_o the_o country_n e_fw-la scit_fw-la en_fw-fr count_v demand_n come_v il_fw-fr appent_v &_o be_v demand_v in_o the_o county_n as_o he_o ought_v e_o &_o puis_fw-fr be_fw-mi utlagheâou_fw-fr sil_fw-fr se_fw-mi meet_v en_fw-fr scinte_fw-fr eglise_fw-fr et_fw-fr foriure_n la_fw-fr terre_fw-fr one_o afterward_o utlaw_v or_o put_v himself_o into_o the_o holy_a church_n &_o abjure_v the_o le_fw-fr reaume_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr avera_fw-la lan_o e_fw-la le_fw-fr waist_n de_fw-fr ces_fw-fr terres_fw-la &_o the_o land_n &_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v the_o year_n &_o that_o waste_v of_o his_o land_n &_o of_o touz_v all_o ses_fw-fr his_o tenemenz_n tenement_n ensemblement_n ove_z touz_v together_o with_o all_o his_o good_n ces_fw-fr and_o chateus_fw-la chattel_n issint_fw-la que_fw-fr apres_fw-fr lan_o e_fw-it le_fw-fr tour_fw-fr le_fw-fr plus_fw-fr êcheyn_fw-mi seigâou_fw-mi signior_n so_o that_o after_o the_o year_n the_o day_n the_o next_o lord_n or_o lord_n eyent_n shall_v leur_fw-fr have_v their_o eschetes_n eschetes_n de_fw-fr celes_z terres_fw-la e_o tenemenz_fw-fr of_o those_o land_n and_o tenement_n chescun_fw-fr every_o seigneur_fw-fr lord_n ceo_fw-la that_o que_fw-fr which_o de_fw-fr be_v luy_fw-fr est_fw-fr tenu_fw-fr immediate_o sans_o hold_v man_n of_o he_o e_o clament_fw-la and_o they_o claim_v auxi_fw-la also_o que_fw-fr that_o si_fw-la if_o ascun_fw-la any_o tenant_n tenant_n en_fw-fr in_o gavylekende_v gavelkind_n murt_n die_v male_n et_fw-fr seit_z and_o be_v a_o inherit_v inheritor_n de_fw-fr of_o terres_fw-la land_n e_fw-la de_fw-la and_o tenemenz_fw-fr tenement_n de_fw-fr in_o gavylekende_v gavelkind_n que_fw-fr touz_v ses_fw-fr fitz_fw-fr that_o all_o his_o son_n shall_v partent_n part_n cel_z that_o heritage_n inheritance_n per_fw-la by_o ovele_n equal_a porcioun_n portion_n et_fw-la and_o si_fw-la nul_fw-fr heir_n if_o there_o be_v no_o madle_n ne_o seit_z seit_z la_fw-fr party_n feit_z entre_fw-fr les_fw-fr female_n sicome_a heiâe_v male_a let_v the_o partition_n be_v make_v between_o the_o female_n even_o enter_n les_fw-fr freres_fw-mi as_o between_o brother_n et_fw-fr la_fw-fr mesuage_n seit_z autreci_fw-fr entre_fw-fr eux_fw-fr and_o let_v the_o message_n also_o be_v depart_v departi_fw-la mes_fw-fr le_fw-fr astre_n demorra_fw-mi all_o pune_fw-la between_o they_o but_o the_o astre_n astre_n shall_v remain_v to_o the_o young_a son_n ou_fw-fr or_o all_o punee_n daughter_n e_o la_o value_n seit_v de_fw-fr ceo_fw-la liure_v a_o chescun_fw-fr des_fw-fr and_o be_v the_o value_n thereof_o deliver_v to_o each_o of_o the_o parceners_n parcener_n the_o of_o cel_z that_o heritage_n heritage_n a._n from_o xl_o forty_o pes_fw-la de_fw-la cel_z astre_n si_fw-la foot_n from_o that_o astre_n if_o le_o the_o tenement_n tenement_n le_fw-fr will_n peut_fw-fr so_fw-mi suffrir_fw-fr suffer_v e_o and_o donkz_n than_o le_fw-fr eye_n frere_fw-fr eit_fw-mi let_v the_o elder_a brother_n have_v la_fw-fr primere_fw-la electioun_n e_fw-it les_fw-fr autres_fw-fr apres_fw-fr per_fw-la degree_n the_o first_o choice_n &_o the_o other_o afterward_o according_a to_o their_o degree_n ensement_n likewise_o the_o of_o meson_n house_n que_fw-la which_o serront_n shall_v be_v trovet_n find_v en_fw-fr in_o tieu_n such_o message_n message_n seient_a departye_n entre_fw-fr les_fw-fr heir_n per_fw-la ovele_n porcioun_n let_v they_o be_v depart_v amongst_o the_o heir_n by_o equal_a portion_n ceo_n est_fw-la that_o be_v asavoir_fw-fr per_fw-la pey_v sil_fw-fr est_fw-la misty_a saw_n le_fw-fr covert_n del_fw-it astre_n to_o weet_v copy_n by_o foot_n if_o need_v be_v save_v the_o covert_a of_o the_o astre_n que_fw-fr remeynt_a all_o pune_fw-la which_o shall_v remain_v to_o the_o young_a son_n ou_fw-fr all_o punee_n sicome_a il_fw-fr est_fw-fr avandist_n or_o daughter_n as_o be_v before_o say_v issi_fw-la que_fw-fr nequedont_fw-fr que_fw-fr le_fw-fr punc_fw-la face_v renable_a gre_fw-mi a_o ces_fw-fr so_fw-ge nevertheless_o that_o the_o young_a make_v reasonable_a amends_n to_o his_o parcener_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr party_n que_fw-fr a_fw-fr eux_fw-fr appent_n parcener_n for_o the_o part_n which_o to_o they_o belong_v per_fw-la agard_fw-fr de_fw-fr by_o the_o award_n of_o bone_n good_a gentz_n man_n parcener_n e_o des_fw-fr avaunditz_fw-fr tenemenz_fw-fr dont_fw-fr un_fw-fr soul_n suit_n and_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a tenement_n whereof_o one_o only_a suit_n tant_fw-fr soulement_n soleit_fw-mi estre_fw-fr feit_z avaut_n ne_o seit_z per_fw-la la_fw-fr resoun_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr be_v wont_a to_o be_v make_v before_o time_n be_v there_o not_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o partition_n party_n for_o we_o un_fw-fr soul_n suit_n faite_fw-fr sicome_a soleit_n avaunt_o but_o one_o sole_a suit_n make_v as_o it_o be_v before_o accustom_v