Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	lord_n	part_n	tenant_n	1,512	5	9.6400	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A54625	A treatise of taxes and contributions shewing the nature and measures of [brace] crown-lands, assessments, customs, poll-moneys, lotteries, benevolence, penalties, monopolies, offices, tythes, raising of coins, harth-money, excize, &c. : with several intersperst discourses and digressions concerning [brace] warres, the church, universities, rents and purchases, usury and exchange, banks and lombards, registries for conveyances, beggars, ensurance, exportation of money/wool, free-ports, coins, housing, liberty of conscience, &c. : the same being frequently applied to the present state and affairs of Ireland.	Petty, William, Sir, 1623-1687.	1662 (1662)	Wing P1938; ESTC R33399	59,466	94

11._o 7._o obscurity_n and_o doubt_n about_o the_o right_n of_o impose_v have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o great_a and_o ugly_a reluctancy_n in_o the_o people_n and_o of_o involuntary_a severity_n in_o the_o prince_n a_o eminent_a example_n whereof_o be_v the_o ship-money_n no_o small_a cause_n of_o twenty_o year_n calamity_n to_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n 12._o 8._o fewness_n of_o people_n be_v real_a poverty_n and_o a_o nation_n wherein_o be_v eight_o million_o of_o people_n be_v more_o than_o twice_o as_o rich_a as_o the_o same_o scope_n of_o land_n wherein_o be_v but_o four_o for_o the_o same_o governor_n which_o be_v the_o great_a charge_n may_v serve_v near_o as_o well_o for_o the_o great_a as_o the_o lesser_a number_n 13._o second_o if_o the_o people_n be_v so_o few_o as_o that_o they_o can_v live_v exsponte_fw-la creatis_fw-la or_o with_o little_a labour_n such_o as_o be_v graze_v etc._n etc._n they_o become_v whole_o without_o art_n no_o man_n that_o will_v not_o exercise_v his_o hand_n be_v able_a to_o endure_v the_o torture_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o much_o thoughtfulness_n do_v occasion_n 14._o 9_o scarcity_n of_o money_n be_v another_o cause_n of_o the_o bad_a payment_n of_o tax_n for_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o of_o all_o the_o wealth_n of_o this_o nation_n viz._n land_n house_n ship_n commodity_n furniture_n plate_n and_o money_n that_o scarce_o one_o part_n of_o a_o hundred_o be_v coin_n and_o that_o perhaps_o there_o be_v scarce_o six_o million_o of_o pound_n now_o in_o england_n that_o be_v but_o twenty_o shilling_n a_o head_n for_o every_o head_n in_o the_o nation_n we_o may_v easy_o judge_v how_o difficult_a it_o be_v for_o man_n of_o competent_a estate_n to_o pay_v a_o sum_n of_o money_n on_o a_o sudden_a which_o if_o they_o can_v compass_v severity_n and_o charge_n ensue_v and_o that_o with_o reason_n though_o unlucky_a enough_o it_o be_v more_o tolerable_a to_o undo_v one_o particular_a member_n then_o to_o endanger_v the_o whole_a notwithstanding_o indeed_o it_o be_v more_o tolerable_a for_o one_o particular_a member_n to_o be_v undo_v with_o the_o whole_a then_o alone_o 15._o 10._o it_o seem_v somewhat_o hard_a that_o all_o tax_n shall_v be_v pay_v in_o money_n that_o be_v when_o the_o king_n have_v occasion_n to_o victual_v his_o ship_n at_o portsmouth_n that_o fat_a ox_n and_o corn_n shall_v not_o be_v receive_v in_o kind_n but_o that_o farmer_n must_v first_o carry_v their_o corn_n perhaps_o ten_o mile_n to_o sell_v and_o turn_v into_o money_n which_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n be_v again_o reconvert_v into_o corn_n fetch_v many_o mile_n further_o 16._o moreover_o the_o farmer_n for_o haste_n be_v force_v to_o under-sell_a his_o corn_n and_o the_o king_n for_o haste_n likewise_o be_v force_v to_o over-buy_a his_o provision_n whereas_o the_o pay_n in_o kind_n pro_fw-la hic_fw-la &_o nunc_fw-la will_v lessen_v a_o considerable_a grievance_n to_o the_o poor_a people_n 17._o the_o next_o consideration_n shall_v be_v of_o the_o consequence_n and_o effect_n of_o too_o great_a a_o tax_n not_o in_o respect_n of_o particular_a man_n of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o but_o to_o the_o whole_a people_n in_o general_a to_o which_o i_o say_v that_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a measure_n and_o proportion_n of_o money_n requisite_a to_o drive_v the_o trade_n of_o a_o nation_n more_o or_o less_o than_o which_o will_v prejudice_v the_o same_o just_o as_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a proportion_n of_o farthing_n necessary_a in_o a_o small_a retail_n trade_n to_o change_v silver_n money_n and_o to_o even_o such_o reckon_n as_o can_v be_v adjust_v with_o the_o small_a silver_n piece_n for_o money_n make_v of_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o the_o matter_n of_o our_o food_n and_o cover_v but_o as_o farthing_n and_o other_o local_a extrinsic_a money_n be_v to_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n species_n 18._o now_o as_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o number_n of_o farthing_n requisite_a in_o commerce_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o number_n of_o people_n the_o frequency_n of_o their_o exchange_n as_o also_o and_o principal_o from_o the_o value_n of_o the_o small_a silver_n piece_n of_o money_n so_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o proportion_n of_o money_n requisite_a to_o our_o trade_n be_v to_o be_v likewise_o take_v from_o the_o frequency_n of_o commutation_n and_o from_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o payment_n that_o be_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n usual_o make_v otherwise_o from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o where_o there_o be_v register_n of_o land_n whereby_o the_o just_a value_n of_o each_o man_n interest_n in_o they_o may_v be_v well_o know_v and_o where_o there_o be_v depository_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o of_o metal_n cloth_n linen_n leather_n and_o other_o useful_n and_o where_o there_o be_v bank_n of_o money_n also_o there_o less_o money_n be_v necessary_a to_o drive_v the_o trade_n for_o if_o all_o the_o great_a payment_n be_v make_v in_o land_n and_o the_o other_o perhaps_o down_o to_o ten_o pound_n or_o twenty_o pound_n be_v make_v by_o credit_n in_o lombar_n or_o money-bank_n it_o follow_v that_o there_o needs_o only_a money_n to_o pay_v sum_n less_o than_o those_o aforemention_v just_a as_o few_o farthing_n be_v requisite_a for_o change_n where_o there_o be_v plenty_n of_o silver_n two_o pence_n then_o where_o the_o least_o silver_n piece_n be_v six_o penny_n 19_o to_o apply_v all_o this_o i_o say_v that_o if_o there_o be_v too_o much_o money_n in_o a_o nation_n it_o be_v good_a for_o the_o commonalty_n as_o well_o as_o the_o king_n and_o no_o harm_n even_o to_o particular_a man_n if_o the_o king_n have_v in_o his_o coffer_n all_o that_o be_v superflous_a no_o more_o than_o if_o man_n be_v permit_v to_o pay_v their_o tax_n in_o any_o thing_n they_o can_v best_o spare_v 20._o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o largeness_n of_o a_o public_a exhibition_n shall_v leave_v less_o money_n than_o be_v necessary_a to_o drive_v the_o nation_n trade_n than_o the_o mischief_n thereof_o will_v be_v the_o do_v of_o less_o work_n which_o be_v the_o same_o as_o lessen_v the_o people_n or_o their_o art_n and_o industry_n for_o a_o hundred_o pound_n pass_v a_o hundred_o hand_n for_o wage_n cause_n a_o 10000l_o worth_a of_o commodity_n to_o be_v produce_v which_o hand_n will_v have_v be_v idle_a and_o useless_a have_v there_o not_o be_v this_o continual_a motive_n to_o their_o employment_n 21._o tax_n if_o they_o be_v present_o expend_v upon_o our_o own_o domestic_a commodity_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o do_v little_a harm_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n only_o they_o work_v a_o change_n in_o the_o riches_n and_o fortune_n of_o particular_a man_n and_o particular_o by_o transfer_v the_o same_o from_o the_o land_a and_o lazy_a to_o the_o crafty_a and_o industrious_a as_o for_o example_n if_o a_o gentleman_n have_v let_v his_o land_n to_o farm_n for_o a_o hundred_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la for_o several_a year_n or_o life_n and_o he_o be_v tax_v twenty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o maintain_v a_o navy_n then_o the_o effect_n hereof_o will_v be_v that_o this_o gentleman_fw-mi twenty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la will_v be_v distribute_v among_o seaman_n ship-carpenter_n and_o other_o trade_n relate_v to_o naval_a matter_n but_o if_o the_o gentleman_n have_v his_o land_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n then_o be_v tax_v a_o five_o part_n he_o will_v raise_v his_o rent_n near_o the_o same_o proportion_n upon_o his_o under_a tenant_n or_o will_v sell_v his_o cattle_n corn_n and_o wool_n a_o five_o part_n dear_a the_o like_a also_o will_v all_o other_o subdependents_n on_o he_o do_v and_o thereby_o recover_v in_o some_o measure_n what_o he_o pay_v last_o but_o if_o all_o the_o money_n levy_v be_v throw_v into_o the_o sea_n than_o the_o ultimate_a effect_n will_v only_o be_v that_o every_o man_n must_v work_v a_o five_o part_n the_o hard_a or_o retrench_v a_o five_o part_n of_o his_o consumption_n viz._n the_o former_a if_o foreign_a trade_n be_v improveable_a and_o the_o latter_a if_o it_o be_v not_o 22._o this_o i_o conceive_v be_v the_o worst_a of_o tax_n in_o a_o well_o policy_v state_n but_o in_o other_o state_n where_o be_v not_o a_o certain_a prevention_n of_o beggary_n and_o thievery_n that_o be_v a_o sure_a livelihood_n for_o man_n want_v employment_n there_o i_o confess_v a_o excessive_a tax_n cause_v excessive_a and_o insuperable_a want_n even_o of_o natural_a necessity_n and_o that_o on_o a_o sudden_a so_o as_o ignorant_a particular_a person_n can_v find_v out_o what_o way_n to_o subsist_v by_o and_o this_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n must_v cause_v sudden_a effect_n to_o relieve_v itself_o that_o be_v rapine_n fraud_n and_o this_o again_o must_v

in_o effect_n but_o at_o half_a the_o usual_a rate_n which_o unto_o they_o that_o want_v such_o commodity_n will_v as_o well_o yield_v the_o full_a so_o that_o abate_v our_o price_n will_v as_o well_o allure_v stranger_n to_o buy_v extraordinary_a proportion_n of_o our_o commodity_n as_o raise_v their_o money_n will_v do_v but_o neither_o that_o nor_o abate_v the_o price_n will_v make_v stranger_n use_v more_o of_o our_o commodity_n then_o they_o want_v for_o although_o the_o first_o year_n they_o shall_v carry_v away_o a_o unuseful_a and_o superfluous_a proportion_n yet_o afterward_o they_o will_v take_v so_o much_o the_o less_o 14._o if_o this_o be_v true_a as_o in_o substance_n it_o be_v why_o then_o have_v so_o many_o wise_a state_n in_o several_a ancient_n as_o well_o as_o modern_a time_n frequent_o practise_v this_o artifice_n as_o a_o mean_n to_o draw_v in_o money_n into_o their_o respective_a dominion_n i_o answer_v that_o something_o be_v to_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o stupidity_n and_o ignorance_n of_o the_o people_n who_o can_v of_o a_o sudden_a understand_v this_o matter_n for_o i_o find_v many_o man_n wise_a enough_o who_o though_o they_o be_v well_o inform_v that_o raise_n of_o money_n signify_v little_a yet_o can_v sudden_o digest_v it_o as_o for_o example_n a_o unengage_v person_n who_o have_v money_n in_o his_o purse_n in_o england_n and_o shall_v hear_v that_o a_o shilling_n be_v make_v fourteen_o penny_n in_o ireland_n will_v more_o ready_o run_v thither_o to_o buy_v land_n then_o before_o not_o sudden_o apprehend_v that_o for_o the_o same_o land_n which_o he_o may_v have_v buy_v before_o for_o six_o year_n purchase_n he_o shall_v now_o pay_v seven_o nor_o will_v seller_n in_o ireland_n of_o a_o sudden_a apprehend_v cause_n to_o raise_v their_o land_n proportional_o but_o will_v at_o least_o be_v content_v to_o compound_v the_o business_n viz._n to_o sell_v at_o six_o and_o a_o half_a and_o if_o the_o difference_n be_v a_o more_o ragged_a fraction_n man_n under_o a_o long_a time_n will_v not_o apprehend_v it_o nor_o ever_o be_v able_a exact_o to_o govern_v their_o practice_n according_a to_o it_o 15._o second_o although_o i_o apprehend_v little_a real_a difference_n between_o raise_v foreign_a money_n to_o double_a and_o abase_v half_a in_o the_o price_n of_o our_o own_o commodity_n yet_o to_o sell_v they_o on_o on_o a_o tacit_a condition_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o foreign_a present_a money_n shall_v increase_v our_o money_n forasmuch_o as_o between_o raise_v the_o money_n and_o abase_v the_o price_n be_v the_o same_o difference_n as_o between_o sell_v for_o money_n and_o in_o barter_n which_o latter_a be_v the_o dear_a or_o between_o sell_v for_o present_a money_n and_o for_o time_n barter_v resolve_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o uncertain_a time_n 16._o i_o say_v suppose_v english_a cloth_n be_v sell_v at_o six_o shilling_n a_o yard_n and_o french_a canvas_n at_o eighteen_o penny_n the_o ell_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o it_o be_v all_o one_o in_o order_n to_o increase_v money_n in_o england_n to_o raise_v the_o french_a money_n double_a or_o to_o abate_v half_a of_o the_o price_n of_o our_o cloth_n i_o think_v the_o former_a because_o that_o former_a way_n or_o proposition_n carry_v with_o it_o a_o condition_n of_o have_v foreign_a money_n in_o specie_fw-la and_o not_o canvas_n in_o barter_n between_o which_o two_o way_n the_o world_n general_o agree_v there_o be_v a_o difference_n wherefore_o if_o we_o can_v afford_v to_o abate_v half_a our_o price_n but_o will_v not_o do_v it_o but_o for_o our_o neighbour_n money_n than_o we_o gain_v so_o much_o as_o the_o say_a difference_n between_o money_n and_o barter_n amount_v unto_o by_o such_o raise_n of_o our_o neighbour_n money_n 17._o but_o the_o fundamental_a solution_n of_o this_o question_n depend_v upon_o a_o real_a and_o not_o a_o imaginary_a way_n of_o compute_v the_o price_n of_o commodity_n in_o order_n to_o which_o real_a way_n i_o premise_v these_o supposition_n first_o then_o suppose_v there_o be_v in_o a_o territory_n a_o thousand_o people_n let_v these_o people_n be_v suppose_v sufficient_a to_o till_o this_o whole_a territory_n as_o to_o the_o husbandry_n of_o corn_n which_o we_o will_v suppose_v to_o contain_v all_o necessary_n for_o life_n as_o in_o the_o lord_n prayer_n we_o suppose_v the_o word_n bread_n do_v and_o let_v the_o production_n of_o a_o bushel_n of_o this_o corn_n be_v suppose_v of_o equal_a labour_n to_o that_o of_o produce_v a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n suppose_v again_o that_o a_o ten_o part_n of_o this_o land_n and_o ten_o of_o the_o people_n viz._n a_o hundred_o of_o they_o can_v produce_v corn_n enough_o for_o the_o whole_a suppose_v that_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n find_v out_o as_o abovementioned_a be_v a_o four_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a product_n about_o which_o proportion_n it_o real_o be_v as_o we_o may_v perceive_v by_o pay_v a_o four_o sheaf_n instead_o of_o rent_n in_o some_o place_n suppose_v also_o that_o whereas_o but_o a_o hundred_o be_v necessary_a for_o this_o husbandry_n yet_o that_o two_o hundred_o have_v take_v up_o the_o trade_n and_o suppose_v that_o where_o a_o bushel_n of_o corn_n will_v suffice_v yet_o man_n out_o of_o delicacy_n will_v use_v two_o make_v use_n of_o the_o flower_n only_o of_o both_o now_o the_o inference_n from_o hence_o be_v first_o that_o the_o goodness_n or_o badness_n or_o the_o value_n of_o land_n depend_v upon_o the_o great_a or_o lesser_a share_n of_o the_o product_v give_v for_o it_o in_o proportion_n to_o the_o simple_a labour_n bestow_v to_o raise_v the_o say_a product_n second_o that_o the_o proportion_n between_o corn_n and_o silver_n signific_a only_o a_o artificial_a value_n not_o a_o natural_a because_o the_o comparison_n be_v between_o a_o thing_n natural_o useful_a and_o a_o thing_n in_o itself_o unnecessary_a which_o by_o the_o way_n be_v part_n of_o the_o reason_n why_o there_o be_v not_o so_o great_a change_n and_o leap_v in_o the_o pro●●ed_n of_o silver_n as_o of_o other_o commodity_n three_o that_o natural_a dearness_n and_o cheapness_n depend_v upon_o the_o few_o or_o more_o hand_n requisite_a to_o necessary_n of_o nature_n as_o corn_n be_v cheap_a where_o one_o man_n produce_v corn_n for_o ten_o then_o where_o he_o can_v do_v the_o like_o but_o for_o six_o and_o withal_o according_a as_o the_o climate_n dispose_v man_n to_o a_o necessity_n of_o spend_v more_o or_o less_o but_o political_a cheapness_n depend_v upon_o the_o paucity_n of_o supernumerary_a interloper_n into_o any_o trade_n over_o and_o above_o all_o that_o be_v necessary_a viz._n corn_n will_v be_v twice_o as_o dear_o where_o be_v two_o hundred_o husbandman_n to_o do_v the_o same_o work_n which_o a_o hundred_o can_v perform_v the_o proportion_n thereof_o be_v compound_v with_o the_o proportion_n of_o superfluous_a expense_n viz._n if_o to_o the_o cause_n of_o dearness_n abovementioned_a be_v add_v to_o the_o double_a expense_n to_o what_o be_v necessary_a then_o the_o natural_a price_n will_v appear_v quadruple_v and_o this_o quadruple_a price_n be_v the_o true_a political_a price_n compute_v upon_o natural_a ground_n and_o this_o again_o proportion_v to_o the_o common_a artificial_a standard_n silver_n give_v what_o be_v seek_v that_o be_v the_o true_a price_n currant_n 18._o but_o forasmuch_o as_o almost_o all_o commodity_n have_v their_o substitute_n or_o succedanea_n and_o that_o almost_o all_o use_n may_v be_v answer_v several_a way_n and_o for_o that_o novelty_n surprise_n example_n of_o superior_n and_o opinion_n of_o unexaminable_a effect_n do_v add_v or_o take_v away_o from_o the_o price_n of_o thing_n we_o must_v add_v these_o contingent_a cause_n to_o the_o permanent_a cause_n abovemention_v in_o the_o judicious_a foresight_n and_o computation_n whereof_o lie_v the_o excellency_n of_o a_o merchant_n now_o to_o apply_v this_o digression_n i_o say_v that_o to_o increase_v money_n it_o be_v as_o well_o necessary_a to_o know_v how_o to_o abate_v the_o raise_v the_o price_n of_o commodity_n and_o that_o of_o money_n which_o be_v the_o scope_n of_o the_o say_a digression_n 19_o to_o conclude_v this_o whole_a chapter_n we_o say_v that_o raise_v or_o embase_v of_o money_n be_v a_o very_a pitiful_a and_o unequal_a way_n of_o tax_v the_o people_n and_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o the_o state_n sink_v which_o catch_v hold_v on_o such_o weed_n as_o be_v accompany_v with_o the_o dishonour_n of_o impress_v a_o prince_n effigy_n to_o justify_v adulterate_a commodity_n and_o the_o breach_n of_o public_a faith_n such_o as_o be_v the_o call_v a_o thing_n what_o it_o real_o be_v not_o chap._n xv._n of_o excize_n it_o be_v general_o allow_v by_o all_o that_o man_n shall_v contribute_v to_o the_o public_a charge_n but_o according_a to_o the_o share_n and_o interest_n they_o have_v in_o the_o public_a peace_n that_o