tenementorum_fw-la per_fw-la eundem_fw-la b._n dicto_fw-la medio_fw-la tempore_fw-la percept_v sine_fw-la dilatione_fw-la haberi_fw-la sacias_fw-la et_fw-la qualiter_fw-la hoc_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la fuerit_fw-la execut_fw-la constare_fw-la facias_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o octab._n etc._n etc._n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n shall_v have_v restitution_n against_o he_o who_o recover_v of_o all_o the_o mean_a profit_n without_o any_o regard_n by_o they_o take_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n can_v have_v any_o remedy_n against_o any_o stranger_n but_o only_o against_o he_o who_o be_v party_n to_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o therefore_o the_o word_n of_o the_o say_a writ_n command_v the_o sheriff_n to_o inquire_v of_o the_o issue_n and_o profit_n general_o between_o the_o reversal_n and_o the_o judgement_n with_o all_o which_o he_o who_o recover_v shall_v be_v charge_v and_o as_o the_o law_n charge_v he_o with_o all_o the_o mean_a profit_n so_o the_o law_n give_v to_o he_o remedy_n notwithstanding_o the_o reversal_n against_o all_o trespassor_n in_o the_o interim_n for_o otherwise_o the_o law_n shall_v make_v a_o construction_n by_o relation_n to_o discharge_v they_o who_o be_v wrong_a doer_n and_o to_o charge_v he_o who_o recover_v with_o the_o whole_a who_o peradventure_o have_v good_a right_n and_o who_o enter_v by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o law_n which_o peradventure_o be_v reverse_v for_o want_n of_o form_n or_o negligence_n or_o ignorance_n of_o a_o clark_n and_o therefore_o as_o to_o that_o purpose_n the_o judgement_n shall_v not_o be_v reverse_v ab_fw-la initio_fw-la by_o a_o fiction_n of_o law_n but_o as_o the_o truth_n be_v the_o same_o stand_v in_o force_n until_o it_o be_v reverse_v and_o therefore_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n after_o the_o reversal_n shall_v have_v any_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o a_o trespass_n mean_a because_o he_o shall_v recover_v all_o the_o mean_a profit_n against_o he_o who_o recover_v nor_o he_o recover_v after_o shall_v be_v bar_v of_o his_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o a_o trespass_n mean_a by_o reason_n that_o his_o recovery_n be_v reverse_v because_o he_o shall_v answer_v for_o all_o the_o mean_a profit_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o therewith_o agree_v brian_n chief_a justice_n 4_o h._n 7._o 12._o a._n note_v reader_n if_o you_o will_v understand_v the_o true_a sense_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o law_n it_o be_v needful_a for_o you_o to_o know_v the_o true_a entry_n of_o judgement_n and_o the_o entry_n of_o all_o proceed_n in_o law_n and_o the_o manner_n and_o the_o matter_n of_o writ_n of_o execution_n of_o such_o judgement_n see_v butler_n and_o baker_n case_n in_o the_o three_o part_n of_o my_o report_n good_a matter_n concern_v relation_n so_o as_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n although_o that_o to_o some_o intent_n the_o reversal_n have_v relation_n yet_o to_o bar_v the_o wife_n of_o her_o dower_n by_o fiction_n of_o law_n by_o the_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n and_o five_o year_n pass_v after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n when_o in_o truth_n she_o have_v not_o cause_n of_o action_n nor_o any_o right_a or_o title_n so_o long_o as_o the_o attainder_n stand_v in_o force_n shall_v be_v to_o do_v wrong_n by_o a_o fiction_n of_o law_n and_o to_o bar_v the_o wife_n who_o be_v a_o mere_a stranger_n and_o who_o have_v not_o any_o mean_n to_o have_v any_o relief_n until_o the_o attainder_n be_v reverse_v and_o as_o unto_o the_o other_o point_n or_o objection_n that_o the_o demandant_n on_o the_o petition_n ought_v to_o have_v a_o office_n find_v for_o she_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o it_o need_v not_o in_o this_o case_n because_o that_o the_o title_n of_o dower_n stand_v with_o the_o queen_n title_n and_o affirm_v it_o otherwise_o if_o the_o title_n of_o the_o demandant_n in_o the_o petition_n have_v disaffirm_v the_o queen_n title_n also_o in_o this_o case_n the_o queen_n be_v not_o entitle_v by_o any_o office_n that_o the_o wife_n shall_v be_v drive_v to_o traverse_v it_o etc._n etc._n for_o then_o she_o ought_v to_o have_v have_v a_o office_n to_o find_v her_o title_n but_o in_o case_n of_o dower_n although_o that_o office_n have_v be_v find_v for_o the_o queen_n which_o do_v not_o disaffirm_v the_o title_n of_o dower_n in_o such_o case_n the_o wife_n shall_v have_v her_o petition_n without_o office_n because_o that_o dower_n be_v favour_a in_o law_n she_o claim_v but_o only_o for_o term_v of_o life_n and_o affirm_v the_o title_n of_o the_o queen_n see_v the_o saddler_n case_n in_o the_o four_o part_n of_o my_o report_n and_o the_o case_n which_o be_v put_v on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v utter_o deny_v by_o the_o court_n for_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o if_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n take_v a_o wife_n of_o eight_o year_n of_o age_n and_o alien_v his_o land_n and_o afterward_o the_o wife_n attain_v to_o the_o age_n of_o nine_o year_n and_o afterward_o the_o husband_n die_v that_o the_o wife_n shall_v be_v endow_v for_o although_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o alienation_n the_o wife_n be_v not_o dowable_a yet_o for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o marriage_n and_o seisin_n in_o fee_n be_v before_o the_o alienation_n and_o the_o title_n of_o dower_n be_v not_o consummate_v until_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n so_o as_o now_o there_o be_v marriage_n seisin_n of_o fee_n age_n of_o nine_o year_n during_o the_o coverture_n and_o the_o death_n of_o the_o husband_n for_o that_o cause_n she_o shall_v be_v endow_v for_o it_o be_v not_o requisite_a that_o the_o marriage_n seisin_n and_o age_n concur_v together_o all_o at_o one_o time_n but_o it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o they_o happen_v during_o the_o coverture_n so_o if_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n take_v a_o wife_n and_o afterward_o she_o elope_n from_o her_o husband_n now_o she_o be_v barrable_a of_o her_o dower_n if_o during_o the_o elopement_n the_o husband_n alien_v and_o after_o the_o wife_n be_v reconcile_v the_o wife_n shall_v be_v endow_v so_o if_o a_o man_n have_v issue_n by_o his_o wife_n and_o the_o issue_n die_v and_o afterward_o land_n descend_v to_o the_o wife_n or_o the_o wife_n purchase_v land_n in_o fee_n and_o die_v without_o any_o other_o issue_n the_o husband_n for_o the_o issue_n which_o he_o have_v before_o the_o descent_n or_o purchase_n shall_v be_v tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n for_o it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o he_o have_v issue_n and_o that_o the_o wife_n be_v seize_v during_o the_o coverture_n although_o that_o it_o be_v at_o several_a time_n but_o if_o a_o man_n take_v a_o alien_n to_o wife_n and_o afterward_o he_o alien_v his_o land_n and_o afterward_o she_o be_v make_v a_o denizen_n she_o shall_v not_o be_v endow_v for_o she_o be_v absolute_o disable_v by_o the_o law_n and_o by_o her_o birth_n not_o capable_a of_o dower_n but_o her_o capacity_n and_o ability_n begin_v only_o by_o her_o denization_n but_o in_o the_o other_o case_n there_o be_v not_o any_o incapacity_n or_o disability_n in_o the_o person_n but_o only_o a_o temporary_a bar_n until_o such_o age_n or_o reconcilement_n which_o be_v accomplish_v the_o temporary_a bar_n cease_v as_o if_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n take_v a_o wife_n and_o afterward_o the_o wife_n be_v attaint_v of_o felony_n and_o afterward_o the_o husband_n alien_v and_o afterward_o the_o wife_n be_v pardon_v and_o afterward_o the_o husband_n die_v the_o wife_n shall_v be_v endow_v for_o by_o her_o birth_n she_o be_v not_o uncapable_a but_o be_v lawful_o by_o her_o marriage_n and_o seisin_n in_o fee_n entitle_v to_o have_v dower_n and_o therefore_o when_o the_o impediment_n be_v remove_v she_o shall_v be_v endow_v viii_o trinit_fw-la 44_o eliz._n in_o the_o kings-bench_n sprat_n and_o heal_v case_n john_n sprat_n libel_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n against_o walter_n heal_n for_o covin_z tithe_n covin_z substraction_n of_o tithe_n the_o defendant_n in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n plead_v that_o he_o have_v divide_v the_o tithe_n from_o the_o nine_o part_n and_o then_o the_o plaintiff_n make_v addition_n to_o the_o libel_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o replication_n scil_n that_o the_o defendant_n divide_v the_o tithe_n from_o the_o nine_o part_n quoth_v predict_v the_o plaintiff_n non_fw-fr fatetur_fw-la sed_fw-la prorsus_fw-la diffitetur_fw-la yet_o present_o after_o this_o pretend_a division_n in_o fraudem_fw-la legis_fw-la he_o take_v and_o carry_v away_o the_o same_o tithe_n and_o convert_v they_o to_o his_o own_o use_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n thereupon_o obtain_v sentence_n in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n and_o to_o recover_v the_o treble_a value_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o e._n 6._o cap._n 13._o and_o thereupon_o heal_n make_v a_o
of_o justice_n and_o this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o these_o three_o day_n consultation_n and_o note_v that_o dr._n bennet_n in_o his_o discourse_n inveigh_v much_o against_o the_o opinion_n in_o 8_o e._n 4._o 14._o and_o in_o my_o report_n in_o wright_n case_n that_o the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n will_v not_o allow_v a_o modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la and_o say_v that_o that_o be_v the_o mystery_n of_o iniquity_n and_o that_o they_o will_v allow_v it_o and_o the_o king_n ask_v for_o what_o cause_n it_o be_v so_o say_v in_o the_o say_a book_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o it_o appear_v in_o linwood_n who_o be_v dean_n of_o the_o arch_n and_o of_o profound_a knowledge_n in_o the_o canon_n and_o civil_a law_n and_o who_o write_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o a_o little_a before_o the_o say_a case_n in_o 8_o e._n 4._o in_o his_o title_n de_fw-fr decimis_fw-la cap._n quoniam_fw-la propter_fw-la etc._n etc._n foe_o 139._o b._n quod_fw-la decimae_fw-la solvantur_fw-la etc._n etc._n absque_fw-la ulla_fw-la diminutione_n and_o in_o the_o gloss_n it_o be_v say_v quod_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la de_fw-la non_fw-la decimando_fw-la aut_fw-la de_fw-la non_fw-la bene_fw-la decimando_fw-la non_fw-la valet_fw-la and_o that_o be_v write_v by_o a_o great_a canonist_n of_o england_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o say_v say_v in_o 8_o e._n 4._o that_o they_o will_v not_o allow_v the_o say_a plea_n de_fw-fr modo_fw-la decimandi_fw-la for_o always_o the_o modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la be_v less_o in_o value_n then_o the_o tithe_n in_o specie_fw-la and_o then_o the_o same_o be_v against_o their_o canon_n quod_fw-la decimae_fw-la solvantur_fw-la absque_fw-la diminutione_n &_o quod_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la de_fw-la non_fw-la plene_fw-la decimando_fw-la non_fw-la valet_fw-la and_o it_o seem_v to_o the_o king_n that_o that_o book_n be_v a_o good_a cause_n for_o they_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o to_o say_v as_o they_o have_v say_v but_o i_o say_v that_o i_o do_v not_o rely_v upon_o that_o but_o upon_o the_o ground_n aforesaid_a scil_n the_o common_a law_n statute-law_n and_o the_o continual_a and_o infinite_a judgement_n and_o judicial_a proceed_n and_o that_o if_o any_o canon_n or_o constitution_n be_v against_o the_o same_o such_o canon_n and_o constitution_n etc._n etc._n be_v void_a by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o h._n 8._o cap._n 19_o which_o see_v and_o note_n for_o all_o canon_n constitution_n etc._n etc._n against_o the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n the_o common_a law_n statute_n or_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v void_a last_o the_o king_n say_v that_o the_o high_a commission_n ought_v not_o to_o meddle_v with_o any_o thing_n but_o that_o which_o be_v enormous_a and_o exorbitant_a and_o can_v permit_v the_o ordinary_a process_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n and_o which_o the_o same_o law_n can_v punish_v and_o that_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o same_o commission_n and_o therefore_o although_o every_o offence_n ex_fw-la vi_fw-la termini_fw-la be_v enormous_a yet_o in_o the_o statute_n it_o be_v to_o be_v intend_v of_o such_o a_o offence_n be_v extra_fw-la omnem_fw-la normam_fw-la as_o heresy_n schism_n incest_n and_o the_o like_a great_a offence_n for_o the_o king_n say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o reason_n that_o the_o high_a commission_n shall_v have_v conusance_n of_o common_a offence_n but_o to_o leave_v they_o to_o ordinary_n scil_n because_o that_o the_o party_n can_v have_v any_o appeal_n in_o case_n the_o high_a commisson_n shall_v determine_v of_o it_o and_o the_o king_n think_v that_o two_o high_a commission_n for_o either_o province_n one_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a for_o all_o england_n and_o no_o more_o xv._o mich._n 39_o and_o 40_o eliz._n in_o the_o king_n bench._n bedell_n and_o shermans_n case_n mich_n 39_o and_o 40_o eliz._n which_o be_v enter_v mich._n 40_o eliz._n in_o the_o com-plea_n rot._n 699_o cantabr_n the_o case_n be_v this_o robert_n bedel_n gent._n and_o sarah_n his_o wife_n farmer_n of_o the_o rectory_n of_o litlington_n in_o the_o county_n of_o cambridge_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o john_n sherman_n in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o marshal_n of_o the_o marshalsey_n and_o demand_v 550_o l._n and_o declare_v that_o the_o master_n and_o fellow_n of_o clare-hall_n in_o cambridge_n be_v seize_v of_o the_o say_a rectory_n in_o fee_n in_o right_a of_o the_o say_a college_n and_o in_o june_n 10._o 29_o eliz._n by_o indenture_n demise_v to_o christopher_n pheasant_n the_o say_a rectorie_n for_o 21_o year_n render_v 17_o l._n 15_o s._n 5_o d._n and_o reserve_v rent-corn_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n etc._n etc._n which_o rent_n be_v the_o ancient_a rent_n who_o enter_v into_o the_o say_a rectory_n and_o be_v possess_v and_o assign_v all_o his_o interest_n thereof_o to_o one_o matthew_n batâ—_n who_o make_v his_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n and_o make_v sarah_n his_o wife_n his_o executrix_n and_o die_v sarah_n prove_v the_o will_n and_o enter_v and_o be_v thereof_o possess_v as_o executrix_n and_o take_v to_o husband_n the_o say_a robert_n bedel_n by_o force_n whereof_o they_o in_o the_o right_n of_o the_o say_v sarah_n enter_v and_o be_v possess_v thereof_o and_o that_o the_o defendant_n be_v then_o tenant_n and_o seize_v for_o his_o life_n of_o 300_o acre_n of_o arable_a land_n in_o litlington_n aforesaid_a which_o ought_v to_o pay_v tithe_n to_o the_o rector_n of_o litlington_n and_o in_o anno_fw-la 38_o eliz._n the_o defendant_n grano_fw-la seminavit_fw-la 200_o acre_n parcel_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o the_o tithe_n of_o the_o same_o do_v amount_v to_o 150_o l._n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n do_v not_o divide_v nor_o set_v forth_o the_o same_o from_o the_o 9_o part_n but_o take_v and_o carry_v they_o away_o against_o the_o form_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o e._n 6_o etc._n etc._n and_o the_o defendant_n plead_v nihil_fw-la debet_fw-la and_o the_o jury_n find_v that_o the_o defendant_n do_v owe_v 55_o l._n and_o to_o the_o residue_n they_o find_v nihil_fw-la debet_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n divers_a matter_n be_v move_v 1._o that_o grano_fw-la seminata_fw-la be_v too_o general_a and_o incertain_a but_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v express_v with_o what_o kind_n of_o corn_n the_o same_o be_v sow_v 2._o it_o be_v move_v if_o the_o parson_n ought_v to_o have_v the_o treble_a value_n the_o forfeiture_n be_v by_o express_a word_n limit_v to_o none_o by_o the_o act_n or_o that_o the_o same_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o queen_n 3._o if_o the_o same_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o parson_n if_o he_o ought_v to_o sue_v for_o the_o same_o in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n or_o in_o the_o king_n temporal_a court_n 4._o if_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n shall_v join_v in_o the_o action_n or_o the_o husband_n alone_o shall_v have_v the_o action_n and_o upon_o solemn_a argunent_n at_o the_o bar_n and_o at_o the_o bench_n the_o judgement_n be_v affirm_v xvi_o trinity_n term_n 7_o jocob_n in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n john_n baily_n case_n it_o be_v find_v by_o writ_n of_o diem_fw-la clausit_fw-la extremum_fw-la that_o the_o say_v john_n bailie_n be_v seize_v of_o a_o message_n or_o tenement_n and_o of_o and_o in_o the_o four_o part_n of_o one_o acre_n of_o land_n late_a parcel_n of_o the_o demesne_n land_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o newton_n in_o the_o county_n of_o hereford_n in_o his_o demesne_n as_o of_o fee_n and_o find_v the_o other_o point_v of_o the_o writ_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o two_o chief_a justice_n and_o the_o chief_a baron_n 1._o that_o messuagium_fw-la vel_fw-la tenementum_fw-la be_v uncertain_a for_o tenementum_fw-la be_v nomen_fw-la collectivum_fw-la and_o may_v contain_v land_n or_o any_o thing_n which_o be_v hold_v 2._o it_o be_v hold_v that_o be_v be_v void_a for_o the_o whole_a because_o that_o no_o town_n be_v mention_v in_o the_o office_n where_o the_o message_n or_o tenement_n or_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o acre_n lie_v and_o from_o the_o visne_n of_o the_o manor_n upon_o a_o traverse_v none_o can_v come_v because_o it_o be_v not_o affirm_v by_o by_o the_o office_n that_o they_o be_v parcel_n of_o the_o manor_n but_o nuper_fw-la parcel_n of_o the_o manor_n which_o impli_v that_o now_o they_o be_v not_o and_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o they_o that_o no_o melius_fw-la inquirendum_fw-la shall_v issue_v forth_o because_o that_o the_o whole_a office_n be_v incertain_a and_o void_a xvii_o trinity_n 7_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n the_o attorney_n of_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n move_v the_o two_o chief_a justice_n and_o chief_a baron_n in_o this_o case_n that_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee-simple_n covenant_n for_o the_o advancement_n of_o his_o son_n and_o of_o his_o name_n and_o blood_n and_o posterity_n that_o he_o will_v stand_v seize_v
his_o deed_n indent_v date_a the_o 22_o of_o december_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o king_n james_n make_v between_o he_o of_o the_o one_o part_n and_o the_o say_v john_n samme_n and_o george_n samme_n son_n and_o heir_n apparent_a of_o the_o say_v john_n of_o the_o other_o part_n do_v bargain_n sell_v grant_v enfeoff_v release_n and_o confirm_v unto_o the_o say_v john_n samme_n the_o say_a mead_n call_v grany_n mead_n to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v the_o say_a mead_n unto_o the_o say_v john_n samme_n and_o george_n samme_n and_o their_o heir_n and_o assign_v to_o the_o only_a use_n and_o behoof_n of_o the_o say_v john_n samme_n and_o george_n samme_n their_o heir_n and_o assign_v for_o ever_o and_o by_o the_o same_o indenture_n sir_n thomas_n do_v covenant_n with_o john_n and_o george_n to_o make_v further_a assurance_n to_o john_n and_o george_n and_o their_o heir_n to_o the_o use_n of_o they_o and_o their_o heir_n and_o livery_n and_o seisin_n be_v make_v and_o deliver_v according_a to_o the_o true_a intent_n of_o the_o say_a indenture_n of_o the_o within_o mention_v premise_n to_o the_o use_v within_o mention_v john_n samme_n the_o father_n die_v george_n samme_n his_o son_n and_o heir_n be_v within_o age_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o george_n samme_n shall_v be_v in_o ward_n to_o the_o king_n or_o no_o and_o in_o this_o case_n three_o point_n be_v resolve_v 1._o for_o as_o much_o as_o george_n be_v not_o name_v in_o the_o premise_n he_o can_v take_v by_o the_o habendum_fw-la and_o the_o livery_n make_v according_a to_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o indenture_n do_v not_o give_v any_o thing_n to_o george_n because_o the_o indenture_n as_o to_o he_o be_v void_a but_o although_o the_o feoffment_n be_v good_a only_o to_o john_n and_o his_o heir_n yet_o the_o use_n limit_v to_o the_o use_n of_o john_n and_o george_n and_o their_o heir_n be_v good_a 2._o if_o the_o estate_n have_v be_v convey_v to_o john_n and_o his_o heir_n by_o the_o release_n or_o confirmation_n as_o it_o well_o may_v be_v to_o a_o tenant_n by_o copy_n of_o court_n roll_n the_o use_n limit_v to_o they_o be_v good_a for_o upon_o a_o release_n which_o create_v a_o estate_n a_o use_n may_v be_v limit_v or_o a_o rent_n reserve_v without_o question_n but_o upon_o a_o release_n or_o confirmation_n which_o enure_n by_o way_n of_o mitter_n le_fw-fr droit_fw-fr a_o use_n can_v be_v limit_v or_o a_o rent_n reserve_v but_o the_o three_o be_v of_o great_a doubt_n if_o in_o this_o case_n the_o father_n and_o son_n be_v joynt-tenant_n or_o tenant_n in_o common_a for_o it_o be_v object_v when_o the_o father_n be_v only_o enfeoff_v to_o the_o only_a use_n of_o he_o and_o his_o son_n and_o their_o heir_n in_o the_o per_fw-la that_o in_o this_o case_n they_o shall_v be_v tenant_n in_o common_a by_o the_o feoffment_n the_o father_n be_v in_o by_o the_o common_a law_n in_o the_o per_fw-la and_o then_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o use_n to_o he_o and_o his_o son_n and_o to_o their_o heir_n can_v divest_v the_o estate_n which_o be_v vest_v in_o he_o by_o the_o common_a law_n out_o of_o he_o and_o vest_n the_o estate_n in_o he_o in_o the_o post_n by_o force_n of_o the_o statute_n according_a to_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o use_n and_o therefore_o as_o to_o one_o moiety_n the_o father_n shall_v be_v in_o by_o force_n of_o the_o feoffment_n in_o the_o per_fw-la and_o the_o son_n as_o to_o the_o other_o moiety_n shall_v be_v in_o by_o force_n of_o the_o statute_n according_a to_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o use_n in_o the_o post_n and_o by_o consequence_n they_o shall_v be_v tenant_n in_o common_a but_o it_o be_v answer_v and_o resolve_v that_o they_o be_v joynt-tenant_n and_o that_o the_o son_n in_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n shall_v have_v the_o say_a grange_n by_o the_o survivor_n for_o if_o at_o the_o common_a law_n a._n have_v be_v enfeoff_v to_o the_o use_n of_o he_o and_o b._n and_o their_o heir_n although_o that_o he_o be_v only_o seize_v of_o the_o land_n the_o use_n be_v joint_o to_o a._n and_o b._n for_o a_o use_n shall_v not_o be_v suspend_v or_o extinct_a by_o a_o sole_a seisin_n or_o joint_a seisin_n of_o the_o land_n and_o therefore_o if_o a._n and_o b._n be_v enfeoff_v to_o the_o use_n of_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n and_o a._n die_v the_o entire_a use_n shall_v descend_v to_o his_o heir_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o 13_o h._n 7._o 6._o in_o stoner_n case_n and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o cap._n 10._o of_o use_v it_o appear_v that_o when_o several_a person_n be_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o any_o of_o they_o that_o the_o estate_n shall_v be_v execute_v according_a to_o the_o use_n and_o as_o to_o that_o which_o be_v say_v that_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o land_n which_o the_o father_n have_v in_o the_o land_n as_o to_o the_o moyetyof_o the_o use_n which_o he_o himself_o have_v shall_v not_o be_v devest_v out_o of_o he_o to_o that_o it_o be_v answer_v and_o resolve_v that_o that_o shall_v well_o be_v for_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n to_o one_o to_o though_o use_n of_o he_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n in_o this_o case_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o issue_n the_o statute_n according_a to_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o use_n deve_v the_o estate_n vest_v in_o he_o by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o execute_v the_o same_o in_o himself_o by_o force_n of_o the_o statute_n and_o yet_o the_o same_o be_v out_o of_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o which_o be_v where_o any_o person_n etc._n etc._n stand_v or_o be_v scise_v etc._n etc._n to_o the_o use_n of_o any_o other_o person_n and_o here_o he_o be_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o the_o other_o clause_n be_v where_o divers_a and_o many_o person_n etc._n etc._n be_v joint_o seize_v etc._n etc._n to_o the_o use_n of_o any_o of_o they_o etc._n etc._n and_o in_o this_o case_n a._n be_v sole_a seize_v but_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o have_v be_v always_o beneficial_o expound_v to_o satisfy_v the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n which_o be_v the_o direction_n of_o the_o use_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o law_n so_o if_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee-simple_n by_o deed_n covenant_n with_o another_o that_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n will_v stand_v seize_v of_o the_o same_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n or_o unto_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o for_o life_n the_o remainder_n over_o in_o fee_n in_o that_o case_n by_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o statute_n the_o estate_n which_o he_o have_v at_o the_o common_a law_n be_v devest_v and_o a_o new_a estate_n vest_v in_o himself_o according_a to_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o use_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v know_v that_o a_o use_n of_o land_n which_o be_v but_o a_o pernency_n of_o the_o profit_n be_v no_o new_a thing_n but_o part_n of_o that_o which_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o land_n have_v and_o therefore_o if_o tenant_n in_o borrough-english_a or_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o the_o part_n of_o his_o mother_n make_v a_o feoffment_n to_o another_o without_o consideration_n the_o young_a son_n in_o the_o one_o case_n and_o the_o heir_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o mother_n on_o the_o other_o shall_v have_v the_o use_n as_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o land_n itself_o if_o no_o feoffment_n have_v be_v make_v as_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o 5_o e._n 4._o 7._o see_v 4_o and_o 5_o phil._n and_o mar._n dyer_n 163._o so_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o feoffment_n unto_o the_o use_n of_o another_o in_o tail_n and_o afterward_o to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o right_a heir_n the_o feoffor_a have_v the_o reversion_n of_o the_o land_n in_o he_o for_o if_o the_o donee_n die_v without_o isse_fw-la the_o law_n give_v the_o use_n which_o be_v part_n of_o the_o land_n to_o he_o and_o so_o it_o be_v resolve_v trinity_n 31_o eliz._n between_o fenwick_n and_o milford_n in_o the_o kings-bench_n so_o in_o 28_o h._n 8._o dyer_n 11._o the_o lord_n ross_v case_n a_o man_n seize_v of_o one_o acre_n by_o priority_n and_o of_o another_o acre_n by_o posteriority_n and_o make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n of_o both_o to_o his_o use_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o although_o both_o pass_n at_o one_o instant_a yet_o the_o law_n shall_v make_v a_o priority_n of_o the_o use_n as_o if_o it_o be_v of_o the_o land_n itself_o which_o prove_v that_o the_o use_n be_v not_o any_o new_a thing_n for_o then_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o priority_n in_o the_o case_n see_v 13_o h._n 7._o b._n by_o butler_n so_o in_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n the_o use_n limit_v to_o
tree_n and_o clay_n etc._n etc._n which_o he_o have_v not_o but_o as_o thing_n annex_v to_o the_o land_n and_o therefore_o he_o can_v not_o have_v they_o when_o he_o have_v depart_v with_o his_o whole_a interest_n nor_o he_o can_v not_o take_v they_o either_o for_o reparation_n or_o otherwise_o but_o when_o tenant_n for_o life_n lease_v for_o year_n except_o the_o timber_n tree_n the_o same_o remain_v yet_o annex_v to_o his_o freehold_n and_o he_o may_v command_v the_o lessee_n to_o take_v they_o for_o necessary_a reparation_n of_o the_o house_n and_o in_o the_o say_a case_n of_o saunders_n a_o judgement_n be_v cite_v between_o foster_n and_o miles_n plaintiff_n and_o spencer_n and_o bourd_n defendant_n that_o where_o lessee_n for_o year_n assign_v over_o his_o term_n except_o the_o tree_n that_o waste_v in_o such_o case_n shall_v be_v bring_v against_o the_o assignee_n but_o in_o this_o case_n without_o question_n waste_n lie_v against_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n and_o so_o there_o be_v a_o difference_n etc._n etc._n xxviii_o mich._n term_n 7_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n hulmes_n case_n the_o king_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n lord_n richard_n hulm_n seize_v of_o the_o manor_n of_o male_n in_o the_o county_n of_o lancaster_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o his_o duchy_n by_o knight_n service_n mesne_fw-la and_o robert_n male_a seize_v of_o land_n in_o male_a hold_v of_o the_o mesn_a as_o of_o his_o say_a manor_n by_o knight_n service_n tenant_n richard_n hulm_n die_v after_o who_o death_n 31_o hen._n the_o eight_o it_o be_v find_v that_o he_o die_v seize_v of_o the_o say_a menalty_n and_o that_o the_o same_o descend_v to_o edward_n his_o son_n and_o heir_n within_o age_n and_o find_v the_o tenure_n aforesaid_a etc._n etc._n and_o during_o the_o time_n that_o he_o be_v within_o age_n robert_n male_a the_o tenant_n die_v after_o which_o in_o anno_fw-la 35_o h._n 8._o it_o be_v find_v by_o office_n that_o robert_n male_a die_v seize_v of_o the_o say_a tenancy_n peravail_v and_o that_o the_o same_o descend_v to_o richard_n his_o son_n and_o heir_n within_o age_n and_o that_o the_o say_a tenancy_n be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o his_o say_a duchy_n by_o knight_n service_n whereas_o in_o truth_n the_o same_o be_v hold_v of_o edward_n hulm_n then_o in_o ward_n of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o his_o menalty_n for_o which_o the_o king_n seize_v the_o ward_n of_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o tenant_n and_o afterward_o anno_fw-la quarto_fw-la jacobi_n regis_fw-la that_o now_o be_v after_o the_o death_n of_o richard_n male_a who_o be_v lineal_a heir_n of_o the_o say_v robert_n male_a by_o another_o office_n it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o say_v richard_n die_v seize_v of_o the_o say_a tenancy_n and_o hold_v the_o same_o of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o his_o duchy_n by_o knight_n service_n his_o heir_n within_o age_n whereupon_o richard_n hulm_n cousin_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o say_v richard_n hulm_n have_v prefer_v a_o bill_n to_o be_v admit_v to_o his_o traverse_n of_o the_o say_a office_n find_v in_o quarto_fw-la jacobi_n regis_fw-la and_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o office_n find_v in_o 35_o h._n 8._o be_v any_o estoppel_n to_o the_o say_v hulm_n to_o traverse_v the_o say_v last_o office_n or_o if_o that_o the_o say_v hulm_n shall_v be_v drive_v first_o to_o traverse_v the_o office_n of_o 35_o h._n 8._o and_o it_o be_v object_v that_o he_o ought_v first_o to_o traverse_v the_o office_n of_o 35_o h._n 8._o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o 26_o e._n 3._o 65._o that_o if_o two_o fine_n be_v levy_v of_o land_n in_o ancient_a demesn_a the_o lord_n of_o who_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v aught_o to_o have_v a_o writ_n of_o deceit_n to_o reverse_v the_o first_o fine_a and_o in_o that_o the_o second_o fine_a shall_v not_o be_v a_o bar_n and_o that_o the_o first_o office_n shall_v stand_v as_o long_o as_o the_o same_o remain_v in_o force_n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v and_o resolve_v by_o the_o two_o chief_a justice_n and_o the_o chief_a baron_n and_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n that_o the_o find_n of_o a_o office_n be_v not_o any_o estoppel_n for_o that_o be_v but_o a_o enquest_n of_o office_n and_o the_o party_n grieve_v shall_v have_v a_o traverse_v to_o it_o as_o it_o have_v be_v confess_v and_o therefore_o without_o question_n the_o same_o be_v no_o estoppel_n but_o when_o a_o office_n be_v find_v false_o that_o land_n be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n by_o knight_n service_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o of_o the_o king_n himself_o in_o socage_n if_o the_o heir_n sue_v a_o general_a livery_n now_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o 46_o e._n 3._o 12._o by_o mowbray_n and_o persey_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o after_o add_v that_o the_o land_n be_v not_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n but_o that_o be_v not_o any_o estoppel_n to_o the_o heir_n himself_o who_o sue_v the_o livery_n and_o shall_v not_o conclude_v his_o heir_n for_o so_o say_v mowbray_n himself_o express_o in_o 44_o assis_n pl._n 35._o that_o a_o estoppel_n by_o sue_v of_o livery_n shall_v estop_v only_o himself_o the_o heir_n during_o his_o life_n and_o in_o 1_o h._n 4._o 6._o b._n there_o the_o case_n be_v put_v of_o express_a confession_n and_o sue_n of_o livery_n by_o the_o issue_n in_o tail_n upon_o a_o false_a office_n and_o there_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o juror_n upon_o a_o new_a diem_fw-la clausit_fw-la extremum_fw-la after_o the_o death_n of_o such_o special_a heir_n be_v at_o large_a according_a to_o their_o conscience_n to_o find_v that_o the_o land_n be_v not_o hold_v etc._n etc._n for_o they_o be_v swear_v ad_fw-la veritatem_fw-la dicendum_fw-la and_o their_o find_n be_v call_v veredictum_fw-la quasi_fw-la dictum_fw-la veritatis_fw-la which_o reason_n also_o shall_v serve_v when_o the_o heir_n in_o fee-simple_n sue_v livery_n upon_o a_o false_a office_n and_o the_o juror_n after_o his_o death_n ought_v to_o find_v according_a to_o the_o truth_n so_o it_o be_v say_v 33_o h._n 6._o 7._o by_o laicon_n that_o if_o two_o sister_n be_v find_v heir_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v a_o bastard_n if_o they_o join_v in_o a_o suit_n of_o livery_n she_o which_o join_v with_o the_o bastard_n in_o the_o livery_n shall_v not_o allege_v bastardy_n in_o the_o other_o but_o there_o be_v no_o book_n that_o say_v that_o the_o estoppel_n shall_v endure_v long_o then_o during_o his_o life_n and_o when_o livery_n be_v sue_v by_o a_o special_a heir_n the_o force_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o livery_n be_v execute_v and_o determine_v by_o his_o death_n and_o by_o that_o the_o estoppel_n be_v expire_v with_o the_o death_n of_o the_o heir_n but_o that_o be_v to_o be_v intend_v of_o a_o general_a livery_n but_o a_o special_a livery_n shall_v not_o conclude_v one_o but_o as_o it_o be_v express_v the_o word_n of_o a_o general_a livery_n be_v when_o the_o heir_n be_v find_v of_o full_a age_n rex_fw-la escheatori_fw-la etc._n etc._n scias_n quod_fw-la cepimus_fw-la homigium_fw-la i._o silij_fw-la &_o haeredis_fw-la b._n defuncti_fw-la de_fw-la omnibus_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenementis_fw-la quae_fw-la idem_fw-la b._n pater_fw-la suus_fw-la tenuit_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la die_fw-la quo_fw-la obiit_fw-la &_o ei_fw-la terras_fw-la &_o tenement_n illa_fw-la reddidimus_fw-la ideo_fw-la tibi_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o when_o the_o heir_n be_v in_o ward_n at_o his_o full_a age_n the_o writ_n of_o livery_n shall_v say_v rex_fw-la etc._n etc._n quia_fw-la i._o filius_fw-la &_o haeres_fw-la b._n defuncti_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenuit_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la aetatem_fw-la svam_fw-la coram_fw-la te_fw-la sufficienter_fw-la probavit_fw-la etc._n etc._n ceperimus_fw-la homagium_fw-la ipsius_fw-la i._o de_fw-la omnibus_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenementis_fw-la quae_fw-la idem_fw-la b._n pater_fw-la suus_fw-la tenuit_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la die_fw-la quo_fw-la obiit_fw-la &_o ei_fw-la terras_fw-la &_o tenement_n illa_fw-la reddidimus_fw-la &_o ideo_fw-la tibi_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la ut_fw-la supra_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o writ_n be_v the_o suit_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o therefore_o although_o that_o all_o the_o word_n of_o the_o writ_n be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o king_n as_o all_o the_o writ_n of_o the_o king_n be_v and_o although_o that_o the_o livery_n be_v general_a de_fw-fr omnibus_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenementis_fw-la de_fw-la quibus_fw-la b._n pater_fw-la i._o tenuit_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la die_fw-la quo_fw-la obiit_fw-la without_o direct_a affirmation_n that_o any_o manor_n in_o particular_a be_v hold_v in_o capite_fw-la and_o notwithstanding_o that_o the_o same_o be_v not_o at_o the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o king_n writ_n and_o no_o judgement_n upon_o it_o yet_o because_o the_o general_a livery_n be_v found_v upon_o the_o office_n and_o by_o the_o office_n it_o be_v find_v that_o divers_a land_n or_o
certain_a land_n in_o hetherset_n and_o windham_n in_o norfolk_n and_o do_v not_o say_v in_o two_o part_n in_o three_o part_n to_o be_v divide_v and_o yet_o it_o be_v good_a as_o well_o in_o the_o declaration_n as_o in_o the_o writ_n for_o without_o question_n the_o writ_n be_v good_a de_fw-fr duabus_fw-la partibus_fw-la general_o and_o so_o be_v the_o register_n see_v 4_o e._n 3._o 162._o 2_o e._n 3._o 31._o 2_o assis_n 1._o 10_o assis_n 12._o 10_o e._n 3._o 511._o 11_o ass_n 21._o 11_o e._n 3._o bre._n 478_o 9_o h._n 6._o 36._o 17_o e._n 4._o 46._o 19_o e._n 3._o bre._n 244._o and_o upon_o all_o the_o say_a book_n it_o appear_v that_o by_o the_o intendment_n and_o construction_n of_o the_o law_n when_o any_o part_n be_v demand_v without_o show_v in_o how_o many_o part_n the_o whole_a be_v divide_v that_o there_o remain_v but_o one_o part_n not_o divide_v as_o if_o two_o part_n be_v demand_v there_o remain_v a_o three_o part_n and_o when_o three_o part_n be_v divide_v three_o remain_v a_o four_o part_n etc._n etc._n but_o when_o any_o demand_n be_v of_o other_o part_n in_o other_o form_n there_o he_o ought_v to_o show_v the_o same_o specialty_n as_o if_o one_o demand_v three_o part_n of_o five_o part_n or_o four_o part_n of_o six_o etc._n etc._n and_o according_a to_o this_o difference_n it_o be_v so_o resolve_v in_o jourden_n case_n in_o the_o kings-bench_n and_o according_o judgement_n be_v give_v in_o this_o term_n in_o the_o case_n at_o bar._n xxvi_o mich._n 7_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o the_o common-plea_n mutton_n case_n a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n be_v bring_v against_o mutton_n for_o call_v of_o the_o plaintiff_n sorcerer_n and_o inchantor_n who_o plead_v not-guilty_a and_o it_o be_v find_v against_o he_o to_o the_o damage_n of_o 6_o d._n and_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o whole_a court_n in_o the_o common-plea_n that_o no_o action_n lie_v for_o the_o say_a word_n for_o sortilegium_fw-la est_fw-la rei_fw-la futuri_fw-la per_fw-la sort_n exploratio_fw-la et_fw-la sortilegus_fw-la sive_fw-la sortilegista_fw-la est_fw-la qui_fw-la per_fw-la sort_n futura_fw-la praenunciat_fw-la inchauntry_n est_fw-la verbis_fw-la aut_fw-la rebus_fw-la adjunctis_fw-la aliquid_fw-la praeter_fw-la naturam_fw-la moliri_fw-la whereof_o the_o poet_n say_v carminibus_fw-la circe_n socios_fw-la mutavit_fw-la ulyssis_fw-la see_v 45_o e._n 3._o 17._o one_o be_v take_v in_o southwark_n with_o the_o head_n and_o visage_n of_o a_o dead_a man_n and_o with_o a_o book_n of_o sorcery_n in_o his_o mail_n and_o he_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o kings-bench_n before_o knevet_n justice_n but_o no_o indictment_n be_v frame_v against_o he_o for_o which_o the_o clark_n make_v he_o swear_v that_o he_o shall_v never_o after_o commit_v any_o sorcery_n and_o he_o be_v send_v to_o prison_n and_o the_o head_n and_o the_o book_n be_v burn_v at_o tuthill_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o prisoner_n and_o the_o ancient_a law_n be_v as_o it_o appear_v by_o britton_n that_o those_o who_o be_v attaint_v of_o sorcery_n be_v burn_v but_o the_o law_n be_v not_o such_o at_o this_o day_n but_o he_o who_o be_v convict_v of_o such_o imposture_n and_o deceit_n shall_v be_v fine_v and_o imprison_v and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o if_o one_o call_v another_o witch_n that_o a_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v for_o it_o be_v too_o general_a et_fw-la dicitur_fw-la latin_a venefica_fw-la but_o if_o one_o say_v she_o be_v a_o witch_n and_o have_v bewitch_v such_o a_o one_o to_o death_n a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n lie_v if_o in_o truth_n he_o be_v dead_a conjuration_n be_v derive_v of_o these_o word_n con_n and_o juro_fw-la et_fw-la propria_fw-la dicitur_fw-la quando_fw-la multi_fw-la in_o alicujus_fw-la pernitiem_fw-la jurant_fw-la and_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o eliz._n cap._n 16._o it_o be_v take_v for_o invocation_n of_o any_o evil_a and_o wicked_a spirit_n i._o est_fw-la conjurare_fw-la verbis_fw-la conceptis_fw-la aliquos_fw-la malos_fw-la &_o iniquos_fw-la spiritus_fw-la the_o same_o be_v make_v felony_n but_o witchcraft_n enchantment_n charm_n or_o sorcery_n be_v not_o felony_n if_o not_o by_o they_o any_o person_n be_v kill_v or_o die_v so_o that_o conjuration_n est_fw-la verbis_fw-la conceptis_fw-la compellere_fw-la malos_fw-la &_o iniquos_fw-la spiritus_fw-la aliquod_fw-la facere_fw-la vel_fw-la dicere_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o a_o witch_n who_o work_v any_o thing_n by_o any_o evil_a spirit_n do_v not_o make_v any_o conjuration_n or_o invocation_n by_o any_o powerful_a name_n of_o the_o devil_n but_o the_o wicked_a spirit_n come_v to_o she_o familiar_o and_o therefore_o be_v call_v a_o familiar_a but_o if_o a_o man_n be_v call_v a_o conjurer_n or_o a_o witch_n he_o shall_v not_o have_v any_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n unless_o that_o he_o say_v that_o he_o be_v a_o conjurer_n of_o the_o devil_n or_o of_o any_o evil_a or_o wicked_a spirit_n or_o that_o one_o be_v a_o witch_n and_o that_o she_o have_v bewitch_v any_o one_o to_o death_n as_o be_v before_o say_v and_o note_v that_o the_o first_o statute_n which_o be_v make_v against_o conjuration_n witchcraft_n sorcery_n and_o enchantment_n be_v the_o act_n of_o 33_o h._n 8._o cap._n 8._o and_o by_o it_o they_o be_v felony_n in_o certain_a case_n special_a but_o that_o act_n be_v repeal_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o e._n 6._o cap._n 12._o xxvii_o mich._n term_n 7_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n sir_n allen_n percy_n case_n sir_n john_n fitz_n and_o bridget_n his_o wife_n be_v tenant_n for_o life_n of_o a_o tenement_n call_v ramshams_n the_o remainder_n to_o sir_n john_n fitz_n in_o tail_n the_o remainder_n to_o bridget_n in_o tail_n the_o reversion_n to_o sir_n john_n and_o his_o heir_n sir_n john_n and_o bridget_n his_o wife_n by_o indenture_n demise_v the_o say_a tenement_n to_o william_n sprey_n for_o divers_a year_n yet_o to_o come_v except_o all_o tree_n of_o timber_n oak_n and_o ash_n and_o liberty_n to_o carry_v they_o away_o render_v rend_v and_o afterward_o sir_n john_n die_v have_v issue_n mary_n his_o daughter_n now_o the_o wife_n of_o sir_n allen_n percy_n knight_n and_o afterward_o the_o say_a william_n sprey_n demise_v the_o same_o tenement_n to_o sir_n allen_n for_o seven_o year_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o sir_n allen_n have_v the_o immediate_a inheritance_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n expoctant_a upon_o the_o estate_n for_o the_o life_n of_o bridget_n and_o also_o have_v the_o possession_n by_o the_o say_a demise_n may_v cut_v down_o the_o timber_n tree_n oak_n and_o ash_n and_o it_o be_v object_v that_o he_o may_v well_o do_v it_o for_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o saunders_n case_n in_o the_o five_o part_n of_o my_o report_n foe_n 12._o that_o if_o lessee_n for_o year_n or_o for_o life_n assign_v over_o his_o term_n or_o estate_n unto_o another_o except_v the_o mine_n or_o the_o tree_n or_o the_o clay_n etc._n etc._n that_o the_o exception_n be_v void_a because_o that_o he_o can_v except_v that_o which_o he_o can_v lawful_o take_v and_o which_o do_v not_o belong_v unto_o he_o by_o the_o law_n but_o it_o be_v answer_v and_o resolve_v by_o the_o two_o chief_a justice_n and_o the_o chief_a baron_n that_o in_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n the_o exception_n be_v good_a without_o question_n because_o that_o he_o who_o have_v the_o inheritance_n join_v in_o the_o lease_n with_o the_o lessee_n for_o life_n and_o it_o be_v further_o resolve_v that_o if_o tenant_n for_o life_n lease_v for_o year_n except_v the_o timber_n tree_n the_o same_o be_v lawful_o and_o wise_o do_v for_o otherwise_o if_o the_o lessee_n or_o assignee_n cut_v down_o the_o tree_n the_o tenant_n for_o life_n shall_v be_v punish_v in_o waste_n and_o shall_v not_o have_v any_o remedy_n against_o the_o lessee_n for_o year_n and_o also_o if_o he_o demise_v the_o land_n without_o exception_n he_o who_o have_v the_o immediate_a estate_n of_o inheritance_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lessee_n may_v cut_v down_o all_o the_o timber_n tree_n which_o when_o the_o term_n end_v all_o shall_v be_v waste_v and_o then_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n shall_v not_o have_v the_o boot_n which_o the_o law_n give_v he_o nor_o the_o pawnage_n and_o other_o profit_n of_o the_o say_a tree_n which_o he_o lawful_o may_v take_v but_o when_o tenant_n for_o life_n upon_o his_o lease_n except_v the_o tree_n if_o they_o be_v cut_v down_o by_o the_o lessor_n the_o lessee_n or_o assignee_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n quare_fw-la vi_fw-la &_o armis_fw-la and_o shall_v recover_v damage_n according_a to_o his_o loss_n and_o this_o case_n be_v not_o like_a to_o the_o say_a case_n of_o saunders_n which_o be_v affirm_v to_o be_v good_a law_n for_o there_o the_o lessee_n assign_v over_o his_o whole_a interest_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o except_v the_o mine_n
aid_v and_o therefore_o a_o tenant_n in_o burgage_n shall_v be_v contributory_a to_o it_o and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v and_o so_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o register_n foe_n 1_o &_o 2._o that_o in_o a_o writ_n of_o right_n if_o the_o land_n or_o tenement_n be_v hold_v by_o knight_n service_n it_o be_v say_v quas_fw-la clamat_fw-la tenere_fw-la de_fw-la te_fw-la per_fw-la servitium_fw-la unius_fw-la feodi_fw-la militis_fw-la and_o if_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v in_o socage_n the_o writ_n be_v quis_fw-la clamat_fw-la tenere_fw-la de_fw-la te_fw-la per_fw-la liberum_fw-la servitium_fw-la unius_fw-la libri_fw-la cumini_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o as_o socage_n tenure_n in_o all_o writ_n be_v call_v liberum_fw-la servitium_fw-la and_o by_o the_o writ_n of_o aid_n fitz._n n._n b._n 82._o it_o be_v command_v to_o the_o sheriff_n quod_fw-la just_a etc._n etc._n facias_fw-la habere_fw-la a._n rationabile_fw-la auxilium_fw-la de_fw-la militibus_fw-la &_o liberis_fw-la tenentibus_fw-la suis_fw-la in_o baliva_fw-la tua_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o as_o the_o same_o writ_n make_v a_o distinction_n of_o knight_n service_n by_o the_o name_n of_o militibus_fw-la and_o of_o socage_n by_o the_o name_n of_o liberis_fw-la tenentibus_fw-la and_o in_o the_o register_n fol._n 2._o 6._o the_o writ_n of_o right_n for_o a_o house_n in_o london_n which_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o burgage_n be_v in_o these_o word_n rex_fw-la majori_fw-la vel_fw-la custodi_fw-la &_o vicecom_v london_n praecipimus_fw-la vobis_fw-la quod_fw-la sine_fw-la dilatione_fw-la teneatis_fw-la g._n de_fw-fr uno_fw-la messuagio_fw-it etc._n etc._n in_o london_n quae_fw-la clamat_fw-la tenere_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la per_fw-la liberum_fw-la servitium_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o prove_v that_o tenure_n in_o burgage_n be_v a_o tenure_n in_o socage_n but_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o book_n of_o avowry_n 26._o and_o 10_o h._n 6._o so_o ancient_a demesne_n 11._o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o all_o the_o justice_n in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n that_o no_o tenure_n shall_v pay_v for_o a_o reasonable_a aid_n to_o marry_v the_o daughter_n or_o to_o make_v the_o son_n a_o knight_n but_o tenure_n by_o knight_n service_n and_o tenure_n by_o socage_n but_o not_o tenure_n by_o grandserjanty_n nor_o no_o other_o and_o 13_o h._n 4._o 34._o agree_v to_o the_o case_n of_o grandserjanty_n and_o by_o the_o say_a book_n it_o appear_v that_o tenure_n by_o frankalmoign_n and_o tenure_n by_o divine_a service_n shall_v not_o pay_v for_o they_o be_v none_o of_o they_o but_o tenure_n in_o burgage_n be_v a_o tenure_n in_o socage_n and_o therefore_o the_o say_a book_n prove_v that_o such_o a_o tenure_n shall_v pay_v aid_n and_o i_o conceive_v that_o tenure_n by_o petit-serjanty_a shall_v pay_v also_o aid_v for_o litt._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 8._o foe_n 36._o say_v that_o such_o a_o tenure_n be_v but_o socage_n in_o effect_n but_o fitz._n n._n b._n 83._o a._n avouch_v 13_o h._n 4._o 34._o that_o tenant_n by_o petit-serjanty_a shall_v not_o pay_v aid_n but_o the_o book_n only_o extend_v to_o grandserjanty_a if_o the_o house_n in_o a_o city_n or_o borough_n be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o burgage_n and_o the_o king_n grant_v the_o seignory_n to_o one_o and_o the_o city_n or_o borough_n to_o another_o to_o hold_v of_o he_o than_o those_o house_n shall_v not_o be_v contributory_a to_o aid_v for_o they_o be_v not_o immediate_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n as_o be_v require_v by_o the_o law_n and_o i_o conceive_v that_o he_o who_o hold_v a_o rent_n of_o the_o king_n by_o knight_n service_n or_o in_o socage_n shall_v pay_v aid_n for_o the_o word_n of_o the_o act_n of_o westm_n 1._o cap._n 35._o be_v from_o henceforth_o of_o a_o whole_a knight_n fee_n only_o be_v take_v 20_o s._n of_o 20_o l._n land_n hold_v in_o socage_n 20_o s._n and_o the_o mean_a be_v say_v in_o supposition_n of_o law_n to_o hold_v the_o land_n and_o it_o be_v not_o reason_n that_o the_o tenant_n by_o his_o feoffment_n before_o the_o statute_n shall_v prejudice_v the_o lord_n of_o his_o benefit_n and_o although_o it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o tenure_n in_o socage_n in_o servitium_fw-la socae_fw-la as_o littleton_n say_v and_o the_o same_o can_v be_v apply_v to_o house_n to_o that_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o land_n upon_o which_o the_o house_n be_v build_v or_o if_o the_o house_n fall_v down_o may_v be_v make_v arable_a and_o be_v plough_v and_o a_o rent_n may_v be_v hold_v in_o socage_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o be_v plough_v but_o by_o a_o possibility_n after_o word_n escheat_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o land_n see_v huntingdon_n polidor_n virgil_n and_o hollinsheds_n chronicle_n fol._n 35._o 15_o h._n 4._o aid_n be_v levy_v by_o hen._n 7._o 1._o to_o marry_v maud_n his_o elder_a daughter_n to_o the_o emperor_n viz._n 3_o l._n of_o every_o hide_n of_o land_n etc._n etc._n and_o see_v the_o grand_a customary_a of_o normandy_n cap._n 35._o there_o be_v a_o chapter_n of_o aid_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v to_o make_v the_o elder_a son_n of_o his_o lord_n a_o knight_n and_o the_o second_o to_o marry_v his_o elder_a daughter_n and_o see_v a_o statute_n make_v in_o anno_fw-la 19_o h._n 7._o which_o begin_v thus_o item_n praefati_fw-la commune_v in_o parliamento_fw-la praedicto_fw-la existentes_fw-la ex_fw-la assensu_fw-la duorum_fw-la spiritualium_fw-la &_o temporalium_fw-la in_o dicto_fw-la parliamento_fw-la similiter_fw-la existen_v concesserunt_fw-la praefato_fw-la regi_fw-la quandà m_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la summam_fw-la in_o loco_fw-la duorum_fw-la rationabilium_fw-la auxiliorum_fw-la suae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la debit_fw-la tam_fw-la ratione_fw-la creationis_fw-la nobilissimi_fw-la silij_fw-la svi_fw-la primogeniti_fw-la bonae_fw-la memoriae_fw-la domini_fw-la arthuri_fw-la nuper_fw-la principis_fw-la walliae_fw-la quam_fw-la ratione_fw-la matrimonii_fw-la &_o traductionis_fw-la nobilissimi_fw-la principis_fw-la margaritae_n filiae_fw-la suae_fw-la primogenit_fw-la quam_fw-la etiam_fw-la multiplicare_fw-la pro_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la perpetua_fw-la pace_fw-la &_o tranquillitate_fw-la etc._n etc._n certis_fw-la viis_fw-la &_o modis_fw-la levand_n cujus_fw-la quidem_fw-la concessionis_fw-la tenor_n etc._n etc._n sequitur_fw-la in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o king_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n be_v rightful_o entitle_v to_o have_v two_o reasonable_a aid_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o this_o land_n the_o one_o for_o the_o make_v knight_n the_o right_n honourable_a his_o first_o beget_v son_n arthur_n late_a prince_n of_o wales_n decease_v and_o the_o other_o for_o that_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o right_n noble_a princess_n his_o first_o beget_v daughter_n margaret_n now_o marry_v to_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n and_o also_o that_o his_o highness_n have_v bear_v great_a and_o inestimable_a charge_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n etc._n etc._n consider_v the_o premise_n and_o if_o the_o same_o aid_n shall_v be_v levy_v and_o have_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o tenor_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o land_n shall_v be_v to_o they_o doubtful_a and_o uncertain_a and_o great_a unquietness_n for_o the_o search_n and_o not_o knowledge_n of_o their_o several_a tenor_n and_o their_o land_n chargeable_a to_o the_o same_o have_v make_v humble_a petition_n unto_o his_o highness_n gracious_o to_o accept_v and_o take_v of_o they_o the_o sum_n of_o 40000_o l._n as_o well_o in_o recompense_n and_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o say_v two_o aid_n as_o for_o the_o say_v great_a and_o inestimable_a charge_n etc._n etc._n as_o be_v aforesaid_a the_o king_n to_o eschew_v and_o avoid_v the_o great_a vexation_n trouble_n and_o unquietness_n which_o to_o they_o shall_v have_v ensue_v if_o the_o say_a aid_n be_v levy_v after_o the_o ancient_a law_n and_o for_o the_o good_a and_o acceptable_a service_n of_o the_o noble_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o other_o his_o faithful_a subject_n in_o their_o own_o person_n and_o otherwise_o do_v to_o his_o grace_n and_o thereby_o sustain_v manifold_a cost_n and_o charge_n to_o his_o great_a honour_n and_o pleasure_n do_v pardon_v the_o say_v two_o aid_n and_o accept_v the_o offer_n aforesaid_a and_o that_o the_o poor_a of_o his_o say_a commons_o shall_v not_o be_v contributory_a to_o the_o say_a sum_n of_o 40000_o l._n have_v pardon_v 10000_o l._n parcel_n thereof_o and_o do_v accept_v of_o 30000_o l._n in_o full_a satisfaction_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n town_n and_o place_n be_v in_o every_o shire_n not_o by_o themselves_o accountable_a in_o the_o exchequer_n for_o fifteen_o and_o ten_o be_v chargeable_a with_o the_o shire_n etc._n etc._n and_o all_o city_n and_o borough_n not_o contributory_a etc._n etc._n but_o accountable_a by_o themselves_o etc._n etc._n shall_v be_v chargeable_a by_o themselves_o towards_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o say_v 30000_o l._n with_o such_o sum_n as_o under_o the_o act_n particular_o appear_v etc._n etc._n and_o there_o under_o the_o act_n appear_v the_o several_a taxation_n of_o every_o several_a county_n city_n
svam_fw-la etc._n etc._n succidit_fw-la for_o custom_n have_v fix_v it_o to_o his_o estate_n against_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o copyholder_n in_o this_o case_n have_v as_o great_a a_o interest_n in_o the_o timber_n tree_n as_o he_o have_v in_o his_o message_n which_o he_o hold_v by_o copy_n and_o if_o the_o lord_n break_v or_o destroy_v the_o house_n without_o question_n the_o copyholder_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o his_o lord_n quare_fw-la domum_fw-la fregit_fw-la and_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n for_o the_o timber_n tree_n which_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o land_n and_o which_o he_o may_v take_v for_o the_o reparation_n of_o his_o copyhold_n message_n and_o without_o which_o the_o message_n can_v stand_v trinit_fw-la 40_o eliz._n rot._n 37._o in_o the_o kings-bench_n between_o stebbing_n and_o grosener_n the_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o netherhall_n in_o the_o county_n of_o suffolk_n be_v that_o every_o copyholder_n may_v lop_v the_o pollenger_n upon_o his_o copyhold_n pro_fw-la ligno_fw-la combustibili_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n cut_v down_o the_o pollingers_n be_v upon_o the_o plaintiff_n copyhold_n upon_o which_o he_o bring_v his_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n because_o that_o the_o lop_v of_o the_o tree_n in_o such_o case_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o copyholder_n and_o they_o be_v take_v by_o the_o lord_n see_v tailor_n case_n in_o the_o four_o part_n of_o my_o report_n 30_o and_o 31._o and_o see_v 5_o h._n 4_o 2._o guardian_n in_o knight-service_n who_o have_v custodiam_fw-la terrae_fw-la shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o cut_a down_o the_o tree_n against_o the_o heir_n who_o have_v the_o inheritance_n vide_fw-la 2_o h._n 4._o 12._o a_o copyholder_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n quare_fw-la clausum_fw-la fregit_fw-la &_o arbores_fw-la succidit_fw-la and_o see_v 2_o e._n 4._o 15._o a_o servant_n who_o be_v command_v to_o carry_v good_n to_o such_o a_o place_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n or_o appeal_n 1_o h._n 6._o 4._o 7_o h._n 4._o 15._o 19_o h._n 6._o 34._o 11_o h._n 4._o 28._o it_o after_o take_v the_o good_n the_o owner_n have_v his_o good_n again_o yet_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o general_a action_n of_o trespass_n and_o upon_o the_o evidence_n the_o damage_n shall_v be_v mitigate_v so_o be_v the_o better_a opinion_n in_o 11_o h._n 4._o 23._o that_o he_o who_o have_v a_o special_a property_n of_o the_o good_n at_o a_o certain_a time_n shall_v have_v a_o general_a action_n of_o trespass_n against_o he_o who_o have_v the_o general_a property_n and_o upon_o the_o evidence_n damage_n shall_v be_v mitigate_v but_o clear_o the_o baylee_n or_o he_o who_o have_v a_o special_a property_n shall_v have_v a_o general_a action_n of_o trespass_n against_o stranger_n and_o shall_v recover_v all_o in_o damage_n because_o that_o he_o be_v chargeable_a over_o see_v 21_o h._n 7._o 14._o b._n acc_fw-la and_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o 4_o h._n 7._o 3._o that_o tenant_n at_o sufferance_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o possession_n and_o if_o the_o defendant_n plead_v not-guilty_a but_o he_o can_v make_v title_n 30_o h._n 6._o trespass_n 10._o 15_o h._n 7._o 2._o the_o king_n who_o have_v profit_n of_o the_o land_n by_o out-lawry_a shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n or_o take_v good_n damage-feasants_a 35_o h._n 6._o 24._o 30_o h._n 6._o tresp_n 10._o etc._n etc._n tenant_n at_o will_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n 21_o h._n 7._o 15._o and_o 11_o h._n 4._o 23._o if_o a_o man_n bail_v good_n which_o be_v take_v out_o of_o his_o possession_n if_o the_o baylee_n recover_v in_o trespass_n the_o same_o shall_v be_v a_o good_a bar_n to_o the_o baylee_n 5_o h._n 4._o 2._o in_o a_o writ_n of_o waste_n bring_v against_o tenant_n for_o life_n and_o assign_v the_o waste_n in_o cut_v down_o of_o tree_n the_o defendant_n plead_v in_o bar_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n himself_o cut_v they_o and_o culpeper_n the_o sergeant_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n object_v against_o it_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v no_o plea_n because_o the_o defendant_n have_v not_o any_o thing_n in_o the_o freehold_a no_o more_o than_o a_o mere_a stranger_n and_o if_o a_o stranger_n have_v cut_v down_o the_o same_o tree_n he_o shall_v be_v chargeable_a in_o waste_n also_o in_o this_o case_n we_o shall_v be_v at_o a_o mischief_n if_o we_o shall_v not_o recover_v against_o he_o for_o if_o at_o another_o time_n he_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o we_o he_o shall_v recover_v damage_n against_o we_o for_o the_o cut_n id_fw-la est_fw-la for_o the_o value_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o court_n that_o the_o same_o be_v a_o good_a bar_n and_o it_o be_v say_v by_o the_o court_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v not_o at_o any_o mischief_n in_o this_o case_n for_o in_o as_o much_o as_o the_o defendant_n shall_v have_v advantage_n now_o to_o discharge_v himself_o of_o waste_n against_o the_o plaintiff_n upon_o this_o matter_n he_o shall_v be_v bar_v for_o ever_o of_o his_o action_n of_o trespass_n scil_n to_o recover_v the_o value_n of_o the_o tree_n which_o be_v the_o mischief_n object_v by_o culpeper_n but_o without_o question_n he_o shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n quare_fw-la clausum_fw-la fregit_fw-la for_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o lessor_n and_o for_o the_o cut_n of_o the_o tree_n but_o he_o shall_v not_o recover_v the_o value_n of_o the_o tree_n because_o he_o be_v not_o chargeable_a over_o but_o for_o the_o special_a loss_n which_o he_o have_v scil_n for_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o pawnage_n and_o of_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o tree_n etc._n etc._n see_v fitz._n trespass_n ultimo_fw-la in_o the_o abridgement_n and_o afterward_o the_o same_o term_n judgement_n be_v give_v on_o the_o principal_a case_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n xxxiv_o easter_n term_n 8_o jacobi_n in_o the_o common-plea_n the_o parishioner_n of_o st._n alphage_n in_o canterbury_n by_o custom_n ought_v to_o choose_v the_o parish-clark_n who_o they_o choose_v according_o the_o parson_n of_o the_o parish_n by_o colour_n of_o a_o new_a canon_n make_v at_o the_o convocation_n in_o the_o ______o year_n of_o the_o king_n that_o now_o be_v which_o be_v not_o of_o force_n to_o take_v away_o any_o custom_n draw_v the_o clerk_n before_o doctor_n newman_n official_a of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o deprive_v he_o upon_o the_o point_n of_o the_o right_n of_o election_n and_o for_o other_o cause_n and_o upon_o that_o it_o be_v move_v at_o the_o bar_n to_o have_v a_o prohibition_n and_o upon_o the_o hear_n of_o doctor_n newman_n and_o himself_o and_o his_o council_n a_o prohibition_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o whole_a court_n because_o the_o party_n choose_v be_v a_o mere_a temporal_a man_n and_o the_o mean_n of_o choose_v of_o he_o scil_n the_o custom_n be_v also_o mere_a temporal_a so_o as_o the_o official_a can_v deprive_v he_o but_o upon_o occasion_n the_o parishioner_n may_v displace_v he_o and_o this_o office_n be_v like_a to_o the_o office_n of_o a_o churchwarden_n who_o although_o they_o be_v choose_v for_o two_o year_n yet_o for_o cause_n they_o may_v displace_v they_o as_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o 26_o h._n 8._o 5._o and_o although_o that_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o office_n concern_v divine_a service_n yet_o the_o office_n itself_o be_v mere_a temporal_a see_v 3_o e._n 3._o annuity_n 30._o he_o who_o be_v clark_n of_o a_o parish_n be_v removable_a by_o the_o parishioner_n see_v 18_o e._n 3._o 27_o a_o gift_n in_o tail_n be_v make_v of_o the_o serjanty_n or_o clarkship_n of_o the_o church_n of_o lincoln_n and_o there_o adjudge_v that_o the_o office_n be_v temporal_a and_o shall_v not_o be_v try_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n but_o in_o the_o king_n court_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v know_v that_o the_o deprivation_n of_o a_o man_n of_o a_o temporal_a office_n or_o place_n be_v a_o temporal_a thing_n upon_o which_o no_o appeal_n lie_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25_o h._n 8._o but_o a_o assize_n as_o in_o 4_o eliz._n dyer_n 209._o the_o precedent_n of_o magdalen_n college_n in_o oxford_n be_v deprive_v of_o the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n their_o visitor_n he_o shall_v not_o have_v a_o appeal_n to_o the_o delegate_n for_o the_o deprivation_n be_v temporal_a and_o not_o spiritual_a but_o he_o may_v have_v a_o assize_n and_o therewith_o agree_v the_o book_n of_o 8_o ass_n siracses_n case_n but_o if_o a_o dean_n of_o a_o cathedral_n church_n of_o the_o patronage_n of_o the_o king_n be_v deprive_v before_o the_o commissioner_n of_o the_o king_n he_o may_v appeal_v to_o the_o delegate_n within_o the_o say_a act_n of_o 25_o h._n 8._o for_o a_o deanery_n be_v a_o spiritual_a promotion_n and_o not_o temporal_a and_o before_o
and_o seal_v put_v to_o the_o transcript_n ingross_v and_o not_o to_o the_o testament_n itself_o and_o so_o out_o of_o the_o statute_n and_o the_o statute_n extend_v only_o when_o the_o probat_fw-la and_o seale_n be_v put_v to_o the_o testament_n itself_o and_o for_o the_o engross_n of_o it_o after_o the_o probate_n no_o certain_a fee_n be_v provide_v by_o the_o statute_n but_o for_o the_o register_n of_o it_o after_o it_o be_v prove_v there_o be_v a_o express_a fee_n in_o the_o statute_n but_o i_o conceive_v that_o the_o say_v take_v of_o the_o fourteen_o shilling_n ten_o penny_n in_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n be_v direct_o against_o the_o statute_n for_o the_o act_n be_v in_o the_o negative_a and_o if_o the_o executor_n require_v the_o testament_n to_o be_v ingross_v in_o parchment_n he_o ought_v to_o agree_v with_o he_o who_o he_o require_v to_o do_v it_o as_o he_o may_v but_o the_o ordinary_a official_a etc._n etc._n ought_v not_o to_o exact_v any_o fee_n for_o the_o same_o of_o the_o party_n as_o a_o thing_n due_a to_o he_o for_o divers_a cause_n 1._o because_o the_o word_n of_o the_o act_n be_v express_v for_o the_o probation_n etc._n etc._n and_o for_o the_o register_n seal_v write_a praise_v make_v of_o inventory_n fine_n give_v of_o acquittance_n etc._n etc._n which_o word_n writing_n extend_v express_o to_o this_o case_n 2._o the_o word_n be_v or_o any_o thing_n concern_v the_o same_o probate_n and_o when_o the_o seal_n and_o probate_n be_v put_v to_o the_o transcript_n the_o same_o without_o question_n concern_v the_o probate_n for_o the_o probat_fw-la be_v not_o put_v to_o any_o write_n but_o only_o to_o that_o therefore_o the_o same_o concern_v the_o probate_n 3._o such_o a_o construction_n shall_v make_v the_o act_n idle_a and_o vain_a for_o if_o the_o ordinary_a official_a etc._n etc._n may_v take_v as_o much_o as_o he_o please_v for_o the_o engross_n do_v by_o his_o minister_n as_o a_o fee_n due_a to_o he_o all_o the_o purview_n of_o the_o statute_n which_o be_v pen_v so_o precise_o concern_v person_n scil_n bishop_n ordinary_n and_o all_o person_n who_o have_v power_n to_o prove_v will_n and_o testament_n register_n scribe_n summoner_n apparition_n or_o any_o other_o the_o minister_n as_o for_o the_o thing_n itself_o scil_n the_o probation_n insinuation_n approbation_n register_n seal_v write_a praise_v make_v of_o inventory_n fine_n give_v of_o acquittance_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n concern_v the_o same_o shall_v be_v all_o in_o vain_a by_o that_o evasion_n of_o transcribe_v of_o it_o as_o well_o against_o the_o express_a letter_n of_o the_o act_n as_o the_o intention_n and_o move_v of_o it_o also_o the_o statute_n say_v five_o shilling_n and_o not_o above_o so_o as_o the_o manner_n of_o precise_a pen_n of_o it_o exclude_v all_o nice_a evasion_n and_o the_o act_n ought_v to_o be_v expound_v to_o suppress_v extortion_n which_o be_v a_o great_a affliction_n and_o impoverish_v of_o the_o poor_a subject_n 4._o as_o this_o case_n be_v he_o annex_v the_o probate_n and_o seal_v to_o the_o transcript_n ingross_v which_o the_o plaintiff_n bring_v with_o he_o and_o offer_v to_o the_o defendant_n so_o as_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n be_v without_o question_n and_o general_o the_o ordinary_a official_a &c._n &c._n can_v exact_v or_o take_v any_o fee_n for_o any_o thing_n which_o concern_v the_o probate_n of_o a_o will_n or_o testament_n but_o that_o which_o the_o statute_n limit_n and_o afterward_o the_o jury_n find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o of_o such_o opinion_n be_v walmesley_n warberton_n daniel_n and_o foster_n justice_n the_o next_o term_n in_o all_o thing_n but_o upon_o exception_n in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n for_o not_o pursue_v of_o the_o act_n in_o the_o information_n judgement_n be_v not_o yet_o give_v etc._n etc._n x._o hillar_n anno_fw-la 6_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o the_o common_a pleas._n nota_fw-la that_o in_o this_o term_n a_o question_n be_v move_v to_o the_o court_n knight_n aid_v to_o make_v the_o king_n elder_a son_n knight_n which_o be_v this_o if_o tenant_n in_o burgage_n shall_v pay_v aid_n unto_o the_o king_n to_o make_v his_o elder_a son_n knight_n and_o the_o point_n rest_v upon_o this_o if_o the_o tenure_n in_o burgage_n be_v a_o tenure_n in_o socage_n for_o by_o the_o ancient_a commmon_a law_n every_o tenant_n in_o knight_n service_n and_o every_o tenant_n in_o socage_n be_v to_o give_v to_o his_o lord_n a_o reasonable_a aid_n to_o make_v his_o elder_a son_n a_o knight_n and_o to_o marry_v his_o elder_a daughter_n and_o that_o be_v incertain_a at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o also_o incertain_a when_o the_o same_o 20._o vide_fw-la f._n n._n b._n 82._o 20._o shall_v be_v pay_v and_o this_o appear_v by_o glanvil_n lib._n 9_o cap._n 8._o fol._n 70._o who_o write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o nihil_fw-la autem_fw-la certum_fw-la statutum_n &_o de_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la auxiliis_fw-la dandis_fw-la vel_fw-la exigendis_fw-la etc._n etc._n sunt_fw-la alii_fw-la praeterea_fw-la daughter_n see_v the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8_o cap_n 10_o of_o use_n in_o the_o preamble_n concern_v aide_n to_o make_v the_o elder_a son_n knight_n and_o to_o marry_v the_o daughter_n casus_fw-la in_o quibus_fw-la licet_fw-la dominis_n auxilia_fw-la solvenda_fw-la sunt_fw-la certa_fw-la forma_fw-la praescripta_fw-la ab_fw-la hominibus_fw-la suiis_fw-la ut_fw-la silius_fw-la suus_fw-la &_o haeres_fw-la fiat_fw-la mile_n vel_fw-la si_fw-la primogenitam_fw-la svam_fw-la filiam_fw-la maritaverit_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o chapter_n it_o be_v call_v rationabile_fw-la auxilium_fw-la because_o that_o then_o it_o be_v not_o certain_a but_o to_o be_v moderate_v by_o reason_n in_o respect_n of_o circumstance_n and_o by_o the_o preamble_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o west_n 1._o an._n 3_o e._n 1._o cap._n 35._o where_o it_o be_v say_v forasmuch_o as_o before_o that_o time_n reasonable_a aid_n to_o make_v one_o son_n knight_n or_o to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n be_v never_o put_v in_o certain_a nor_o when_o the_o same_o aught_o to_o be_v pay_v nor_o how_o much_o be_v take_v the_o say_a act_n put_v the_o say_v two_o incertainty_n to_o a_o certainty_n 1._o that_o for_o a_o whole_a knight_n fee_fw-mi there_o be_v take_v but_o 20_o s._n and_o of_o 20_o l._n land_n hold_v in_o socage_n 20_o s._n and_o of_o more_o more_o and_o of_o less_o less_o according_a to_o the_o rate_n by_o which_o the_o aid_n itself_o be_v set_v certain_a 2._o that_o none_o may_v levy_v such_o aid_n to_o make_v his_o son_n a_o knight_n until_o his_o son_n be_v of_o the_o age_n of_o fifteen_o year_n nor_o to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n until_o she_o be_v of_o the_o age_n of_o seven_o year_n and_o fleta_n who_o write_v after_o the_o say_a act_n call_v they_o rationabilia_fw-la auxilia_fw-la ad_fw-la filium_fw-la militem_fw-la faciendum_fw-la vel_fw-la ad_fw-la filiam_fw-la primogenitam_fw-la maritandum_fw-la and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25_o e._n 1._o where_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o no_o tax_n shall_v be_v take_v but_o by_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o realm_n there_o be_v a_o exception_n of_o the_o ancient_a aid_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v to_o be_v intend_v of_o these_o aid_n due_a unto_o the_o king_n by_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n but_o notwithstanding_o the_o say_a act_n of_o westm_n 1._o it_o be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o king_n because_o he_o be_v not_o express_o name_v be_v bind_v by_o it_o and_o therefore_o in_o the_o twenty_o year_n of_o e._n 3._o the_o king_n take_v a_o aid_n of_o 40_o s._n of_o every_o knight_n fee_n for_o to_o make_v the_o black_a prince_n knight_n and_o nothing_o then_o of_o land_n hold_v in_o socage_n and_o to_o take_v away_o all_o question_n concern_v the_o same_o the_o same_o be_v confirm_v to_o he_o in_o parliament_n and_o afterward_o anno_fw-la 25_o e._n 3._o cap._n 11._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o reasonable_a aid_n to_o make_v the_o king_n elder_a son_n knight_n and_o to_o marry_v his_o elder_a daughter_n shall_v be_v demand_v and_o levy_v after_o the_o form_n of_o the_o statute_n make_v thereof_o and_o not_o in_o other_o manner_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o every_o fee_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n without_o mean_a 20_o s._n and_o no_o more_o and_o of_o every_o 20_o l._n land_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n without_o mean_a in_o socage_n 20_o s._n and_o no_o more_o now_o littleton_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 10._o fol._n 36._o b._n burgage_n tenure_n be_v where_o a_o ancient_a borough_n be_v of_o which_o the_o king_n be_v lord_n and_o those_o who_o have_v tenement_n within_o the_o borough_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n their_o tenement_n that_o every_o tenant_n for_o his_o tenement_n ought_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o king_n a_o certain_a rent_n and_o such_o tenure_n be_v but_o tenure_n in_o socage_n and_o all_o socage_n land_n be_v contributory_a to_o