on_o this_o superficies_n successive_o grow_v great_a from_o the_o equinoctial_a towards_o either_o pole_n until_o it_o challenge_v equal_a diameter_n with_o the_o cylinder_n and_o likewise_o all_o the_o meridian_n grow_a wide_a and_o far_o off_o till_o they_o be_v as_o far_o distant_a everywhere_a as_o be_v the_o equinoctial_a one_o from_o the_o other_o hence_o may_v easy_o be_v understand_v the_o true_a mathematical_a production_n or_o generation_n of_o this_o part_n for_o first_o of_o a_o spherical_a superficies_n it_o be_v make_v a_o cylinder_n and_o second_o of_o a_o cylinder_n it_o be_v make_v a_o parallellogramme_n or_o plain_a superficies_n for_o the_o concave_a superficies_n of_o a_o cylinder_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o plain_a parallellogramme_n imagine_v to_o be_v wound_n about_o two_o equal_a equidistant_a circle_n have_v one_o common_a axletree_n perpendicular_a upon_o the_o centre_n of_o they_o both_o and_o the_o periphery_n of_o they_o both_o equal_a to_o the_o length_n of_o the_o parallellogramme_n as_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o those_o centre_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o breadth_n thereof_o in_o this_o chart_n so_o conceive_v to_o be_v make_v all_o place_n must_v needs_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o same_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n meridian_n parallel_n and_o rhumbe_n which_o they_o have_v in_o the_o globe_n itself_o because_o we_o have_v imagine_v every_o point_n betwixt_o the_o equatour_n and_o the_o pole_n to_o swell_v equal_o in_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n till_o it_o apply_v itself_o to_o the_o concavity_n of_o the_o cylinder_n so_o that_o no_o point_n can_v be_v displace_v from_o his_o proper_a seat_n but_o only_o dilate_v in_o certain_a proportion_n and_o this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o best_a conceit_n for_o the_o groundwork_n or_o platform_n of_o this_o geographical_a chart._n 2_o except_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o the_o parallel_n in_o a_o plaine-chart_n be_v vary_v it_o can_v be_v excuse_v from_o sensible_a error_n it_o 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which_o escape_n be_v excellent_o open_v and_o reform_v by_o our_o countryman_n edward_n wright_n in_o his_o correction_n of_o nautical_a error_n the_o reason_n or_o ground_n which_o draw_v these_o man_n to_o think_v that_o the_o earth_n can_v not_o be_v proportionable_o describe_v in_o a_o plain_a superficies_n proceed_v from_o the_o common_a proportion_n of_o the_o line_n and_o circle_n on_o the_o chart._n for_o suppose_v the_o parallel_n cut_v the_o meridian_n at_o equal_a angle_n to_o observe_v a_o equal_a distance_n everywhere_a one_o from_o the_o other_o these_o error_n and_o absurdity_n must_v of_o necessity_n ensue_v first_o what_o place_n soever_o be_v delineate_v in_o the_o ordinary_a chart_n the_o length_n of_o they_o from_o east_n to_o west_n have_v a_o great_a proportion_n to_o the_o breadth_n from_o north_n to_o south_n then_o it_o ought_v to_o have_v except_o only_o under_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o this_o error_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o augment_v by_o how_o much_o 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parallel_n the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o but_o by_o how_o much_o they_o approach_v the_o pole_n by_o so_o much_o they_o be_v near_o that_o in_o the_o end_n they_o all_o concur_v and_o meet_v in_o the_o pole_n itself_o second_o this_o common_a chart_n admit_v there_o will_v arise_v great_a error_n not_o only_o in_o the_o situation_n of_o diverse_a place_n which_o appear_v to_o be_v under_o the_o same_o meridian_n but_o also_o in_o the_o bear_n of_o place_n one_o to_o the_o other_o the_o reason_n be_v manifest_a for_o that_o the_o meridian_n be_v a_o certain_a rule_n of_o the_o site_n and_o position_n of_o place_n therefore_o whensoever_o any_o error_n shall_v be_v commit_v in_o the_o site_n and_o position_n of_o the_o meridian_n there_o must_v needs_o follow_v error_n in_o the_o designation_n of_o the_o rhumbe_n and_o other_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n and_o therefore_o every_o respective_a position_n of_o place_n to_o place_n set_v down_o in_o the_o common_a chart_n can_v be_v warrant_v a_o pregnant_a example_n we_o have_v in_o the_o way_n from_o india_n for_o the_o promontory_n of_o africa_n call_v the_o promontory_n of_o three_o point_n have_v of_o northern_a latitude_n 4_o degree_n and_o a_o half_a and_o the_o island_n of_o tristan_n acugna_fw-la have_v 36_o degree_n of_o southern_a latitude_n be_v in_o the_o common_a chart_n set_v under_o the_o same_o meridian_n but_o the_o chart_n show_v the_o distance_n between_o these_o land_n and_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n to_o come_v near_o to_o 400_o league_n both_o which_o can_v stand_v together_o for_o if_o all_o the_o coast_n from_o the_o promontory_n of_o three_o point_n unto_o the_o cape_n of_o good-hope_a be_v right_o measure_v and_o the_o promontory_n of_o three_o point_n lie_v also_o under_o the_o same_o meridian_n with_o those_o land_n yet_o must_v the_o distance_n be_v much_o less_o but_o if_o it_o be_v not_o less_o it_o can_v stand_v with_o reason_n that_o it_o shall_v have_v the_o same_o meridian_n with_o the_o promontory_n of_o three_o point_n but_o must_v needs_o lie_v more_o westward_o three_o there_o must_v needs_o arise_v a_o great_a error_n in_o the_o translate_n seacoast_n and_o other_o such_o place_n out_o of_o the_o common_a chart_n into_o the_o globe_n because_o they_o have_v only_o a_o respect_n to_o the_o number_n of_o degree_n of_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n find_v therein_o so_o that_o not_o only_a error_n appear_v in_o the_o sea-chart_n but_o also_o otherwhere_o thence_o derive_v these_o and_o many_o more_o error_n have_v be_v detect_v in_o the_o common_a sea-chart_n which_o as_o we_o have_v say_v respect_v the_o circle_n aught_o to_o be_v imagine_v one_o and_o the_o self-same_a with_o the_o projection_n of_o the_o line_n in_o a_o geographical_a table_n which_o oversight_n ger._n mercator_n in_o his_o universal_a map_n seem_v to_o correct_v yet_o leave_v no_o demonstration_n behind_o he_o to_o teach_v other_o the_o certain_a way_n to_o draw_v the_o line_n
the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o right_a sphere_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n have_v the_o same_o accident_n these_o accident_n be_v chief_o four_o 1_o they_o enjoy_v a_o perpetual_a equinoctial_a have_v their_o day_n and_o night_n always_o equal_a the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o because_o the_o sun_n never_o swerve_v from_o his_o ecliptic_a have_v his_o course_n equal_o divide_v by_o the_o horizon_n 2_o with_o they_o all_o the_o star_n equal_o set_v and_o rise_v because_o all_o the_o parallel_n wherein_o the_o star_n make_v their_o diurnal_a revolution_n be_v equal_o cut_v of_o the_o horizon_n 3_o to_o they_o the_o sun_n be_v twice_o in_o the_o year_n vertical_a that_o be_v direct_o over_o their_o head_n and_o twice_o againein_o the_o year_n solstitial_a the_o former_a in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o aries_n and_o libra_n the_o latter_a in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o cancer_n and_o capricorn_n which_o diverse_a proposition_n of_o the_o sun_n some_o late_a geographer_n have_v term_v four_o solstice_n two_o high_a and_o two_o low_a 4_o hence_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o they_o yearly_o enjoy_v two_o winter_n and_o two_o summer_n likewise_o two_o spring_n and_o two_o autumn_n their_o summer_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v to_o they_o vertical_a their_o winter_n when_o it_o be_v seat_v in_o either_o of_o the_o tropic_n their_o spring_n and_o autumn_n while_o the_o sun_n be_v pass_v through_o the_o middle_a space_n betwixt_o both_o 5_o the_o people_n inhabit_v a_o oblique_a sphere_n be_v such_o who_o horizon_n be_v oblique_a the_o propriety_n belong_v unto_o they_o be_v either_o general_n or_o special_a 6_o the_o general_n be_v such_o as_o agree_v to_o all_o those_o which_o inhabit_v a_o oblique_a sphere_n 1_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n agree_v in_o two_o propriety_n these_o two_o propriety_n wherein_o they_o agree_v be_v these_o 1_o to_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n without_o the_o equatour_n under_o what_o parallel_n soever_o the_o day_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o night_n only_o twice_o in_o a_o year_n to_o wit_n either_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spring_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o autumn_n at_o other_o time_n either_o the_o day_n increase_v above_o the_o night_n as_o in_o the_o summer_n or_o grow_v lesser_a as_o in_o the_o winter_n 2_o to_o these_o inhabitant_n some_o star_n be_v perpetual_o see_v as_o such_o which_o be_v near_o the_o pole_n to_o which_o they_o incline_v some_o be_v never_o see_v as_o such_o as_o be_v far_a off_o from_o the_o say_a pole_n some_o rise_n and_o set_v which_o be_v those_o which_o be_v in_o the_o middle_a space_n betwixt_o both_o which_o be_v sometime_o visible_a and_o sometime_o lie_v hide_v 7_o the_o special_a accident_n of_o a_o oblique_a horizon_n be_v such_o as_o agree_v to_o special_a place_n in_o the_o same_o sphere_n 1_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n of_o five_o sort_n enjoy_v so_o many_o correspondent_a property_n the_o first_o sort_n be_v of_o those_o who_o zenith_n be_v betwixt_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o one_o of_o the_o tropicke_n even_o unto_o the_o 23._o degree_n 30._o scruple_n of_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n in_o such_o a_o sort_n towards_o the_o north_n betwixt_o the_o line_n and_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n be_v place_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o zeilan_n the_o extreme_a part_n of_o the_o east_n indies_n hispaniola_n guinea_n nubia_n with_o some_o part_n of_o arabia_n foelix_fw-la and_o all_o other_o place_n betwixt_o the_o equatour_n and_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n in_o the_o torride_a zone_n towards_o the_o south_n in_o the_o same_o latitude_n be_v place_v the_o brasilian_n the_o perwians_n the_o javans_n with_o many_o other_o the_o accident_n which_o happen_v unto_o these_o nation_n be_v these_o 1._o they_o may_v see_v all_o the_o star_n except_o a_o few_o which_o be_v near_o the_o pole_n 2._o their_o day_n and_o night_n be_v somewhat_o unequal_a so_o that_o their_o long_a day_n or_o long_a night_n be_v not_o always_o of_o the_o same_o quantity_n 3._o twice_o in_o the_o year_n they_o have_v the_o sunne-verticall_a but_o without_o the_o equatour_n 4._o they_o have_v two_o summer_n and_o two_o winter_n but_o not_o equal_o temper_v 5._o the_o length_n of_o their_o long_a day_n reach_v to_o 13._o ½_o hour_n the_o second_o sort_n be_v such_o as_o inhabit_v under_o the_o tropic_n itself_o who_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o great_a declination_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v 23._o degree_n 30_o scruple_n under_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n be_v place_v a_o great_a part_n of_o arabia_n foelix_fw-la east_n india_n the_o southern_a part_n of_o china_n the_o high_a part_n of_o egypt_n and_o see_z under_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n be_v place_v the_o people_n of_o monomotapa_n and_o madagascar_n with_o other_o place_n the_o accident_n belong_v unto_o they_o be_v these_o 1._o to_o they_o appear_v all_o the_o star_n comprehend_v in_o one_o of_o the_o circle_n but_o none_o of_o the_o other_o as_o for_o example_n to_o those_o inhabit_v the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n the_o star_n include_v within_o the_o arctic_a circle_n always_o appear_v but_o never_o those_o which_o be_v in_o the_o antarcticke_a likewise_o to_o those_o which_o dwell_v under_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n all_o the_o star_n appear_v which_o be_v contain_v within_o the_o antarctic_a circle_n but_o none_o of_o those_o include_v within_o the_o arctic_a circle_n 2._o by_o how_o much_o near_o the_o sun_n approach_v to_o their_o zenith_n or_o vertical_a point_n by_o so_o much_o be_v their_o day_n lengthen_v and_o by_o how_o much_o far_o it_o go_v off_o by_o so_o much_o be_v they_o shorten_v so_o that_o they_o enjoy_v then_o their_o long_a day_n when_o the_o sun_n direct_o pass_v by_o their_o zenith_n 3._o to_o they_o the_o sun_n be_v vertical_a but_o once_o in_o the_o year_n to_o wit_n to_o those_o under_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n when_o the_o sun_n enter_v into_o the_o sign_n as_o to_o the_o other_o when_o it_o touch_v the_o first_o degree_n of_o capricorn_n 4._o they_o have_v but_o one_o summer_n and_o one_o winter_n throughout_o the_o year_n the_o three_o sort_n be_v such_o inhabitant_n as_o dwell_v in_o one_o of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n betwixt_o the_o tropic_n and_o the_o polar_a circle_n from_o 24._o degree_n of_o elevation_n to_o 66._o degree_n 30._o scruple_n such_o inhabitant_n towards_o the_o north_n be_v as_o we_o have_v show_v almost_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o europe_n asia_n maior_fw-la and_o part_n of_o africa_n as_o on_o the_o other_o side_n towards_o the_o south_n the_o chylienses_n the_o farthermost_a african_n and_o those_o that_o dwell_v near_o the_o strait_n of_o magellane_n their_o property_n be_v chief_o these_o 1._o many_o star_n be_v by_o they_o always_o see_v and_o many_o never_o appear_v 2._o their_o day_n notable_o differ_v in_o inequality_n 3._o the_o sun_n never_o arrive_v at_o their_o zenith_n but_o be_v always_o on_o the_o south_n of_o those_o which_o inhabit_v betwixt_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n and_o the_o arctic_a circle_n and_o always_o on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o such_o as_o dwell_v in_o the_o opposite_a temperate_a zone_n 4._o they_o have_v in_o the_o year_n but_o one_o summer_n and_o winter_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o place_n much_o unequal_a for_o where_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v great_a the_o winter_n be_v much_o hard_a but_o where_o it_o be_v lesser_a it_o be_v more_o temperate_a the_o four_o kind_n of_o inhabitant_n be_v those_o which_o reside_v under_o the_o polar_a circle_n which_o be_v their_o zenith_n where_o the_o temperate_a zone_n end_n and_o the_o cold_a begin_v where_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v beyond_o 66._o degree_n 30._o minute_n in_o which_o tract_n lie_v nova_fw-la zembla_n with_o many_o other_o land_n not_o yet_o well_o discover_v in_o the_o north_n and_o perhaps_o as_o many_o more_o under_o the_o antarctic_a circle_n towards_o the_o south_n less_o know_v than_o the_o other_o the_o accident_n belong_v to_o they_o be_v these_o 1._o those_o which_o inhabit_v under_o the_o arctic_a circle_n see_v all_o the_o star_n include_v within_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n but_o never_o those_o within_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n likewise_o those_o which_o live_v under_o the_o antarcticke_a circle_n see_v all_o the_o star_n within_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n but_o never_o those_o within_o the_o other_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n 2._o their_o long_a day_n at_o midsummer_n be_v 24._o hour_n their_o night_n then_o be_v but_o a_o moment_n likewise_o their_o long_a night_n as_o at_o midwinter_n be_v but_o 24._o hour_n their_o day_n pass_v not_o a_o moment_n 3._o the_o centre_n of_o the_o sun_n every_o year_n twice_o touch_v at_o their_o orison_n 4._o the_o
this_o meridian_n will_v cut_v the_o equatour_n in_o some_o degree_n or_o other_o which_o be_v number_v as_o before_o from_o the_o first_o meridian_n will_v show_v the_o direct_a longitude_n the_o like_a of_o which_o we_o have_v in_o the_o second_o case_n 2_o the_o meridian_n run_v through_o any_o place_n of_o the_o geographical_a table_n will_v point_v and_o design_n out_o in_o the_o equatour_n the_o degree_n of_o longitude_n this_o may_v easy_o be_v teach_v by_o the_o former_a way_n perform_v on_o the_o globe_n as_o for_o example_n if_o i_o shall_v inquire_v the_o longitude_n of_o paris_n the_o metropolis_n of_o france_n in_o a_o geographical_a map_n i_o find_v a_o meridian_n mark_v out_o which_o run_v if_o not_o direct_o through_o yet_o very_a near_o the_o say_a city_n this_o meridian_n i_o trace_v along_o to_o the_o southern_a part_n till_o i_o find_v it_o to_o meet_v and_o cut_v the_o equatour_n then_o observe_v i_o in_o what_o degree_n of_o the_o equatour_n it_o make_v his_o intersection_n and_o i_o find_v it_o to_o be_v 23_o degree_n 20_o minute_n which_o be_v the_o longitude_n of_o the_o place_n 15_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o longitude_n the_o latitude_n come_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o be_v handle_v the_o latitude_n be_v the_o distance_n of_o any_o place_n from_o the_o equatour_n either_o north_n or_o south_n what_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o longitude_n must_v also_o agree_v to_o the_o latitude_n that_o it_o be_v take_v sometime_o absolute_o and_o general_o sometime_o special_o in_o the_o former_a sense_n it_o signify_v any_o distance_n or_o space_n between_o north_n and_o south_n or_o contrariwise_o from_o south_n to_o north._n among_o the_o ancient_n be_v the_o breadth_n or_o latitude_n hold_v to_o be_v about_o 80_o degree_n so_o that_o the_o utmost_a bind_v or_o limit_v to_o it_o northward_o be_v call_v thule_n which_o common_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v island_n but_o the_o latter_a navigatour_n through_o their_o diligence_n have_v detect_v so_o much_o land_n that_o it_o be_v find_v to_o stretch_v beyond_o 81_o degree_n towards_o the_o north_n and_o 45_o towards_o the_o south_n and_o much_o far_a if_o we_o will_v believe_v the_o relation_n of_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr quir_n a_o spaniard_n who_o boast_v a_o more_o ample_a discovery_n of_o the_o south_n iâ—dies_n than_o ever_o before_o have_v be_v know_v but_o howsoever_o the_o latitude_n here_o define_v be_v take_v in_o a_o more_o special_a and_o strict_a sense_n for_o the_o distance_n of_o any_o place_n from_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n be_v it_o either_o towards_o the_o north_n or_o the_o south_n the_o bind_v therefore_o from_o which_o we_o begin_v our_o account_n of_o latitude_n be_v the_o equatour_n but_o the_o subject_n wherein_o it_o be_v measure_v be_v the_o meridian_n so_o that_o it_o be_v clean_o opposite_a to_o the_o longitude_n for_o that_o be_v limit_v by_o the_o meridian_n and_o measure_v in_o the_o equatour_n the_o latitude_n of_o a_o place_n be_v always_o equal_a to_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o and_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o northern_a and_o the_o southern_a latitude_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v from_o the_o equatour_n northward_o the_o other_o southward_o 16_o concern_v the_o latitude_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v the_o invention_n and_o the_o expression_n the_o invention_n be_v again_o twofold_a astronomical_a or_o magnetical_a 17_o the_o astronomical_a invention_n of_o the_o latitude_n be_v by_o observation_n of_o the_o star_n which_o be_v direct_v by_o these_o proposition_n 1_o the_o meridian_n height_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a subtract_v from_o 90_o degree_n will_v show_v the_o true_a latitude_n of_o the_o place_n the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o noon_n may_v be_v find_v by_o the_o astrolabe_n crosse-staffe_n quadrant_n and_o many_o other_o astronomical_a instrument_n but_o in_o take_v the_o meridian_n altitude_n it_o be_v very_o fit_a and_o requisite_a that_o it_o be_v observe_v diverse_a time_n one_o after_o another_o with_o some_o little_a space_n betwixt_o to_o try_v whether_o it_o increase_v or_o decrease_v for_o if_o it_o do_v increase_v then_o assure_v yourself_o it_o be_v not_o full_a noon_n if_o it_o decrease_v it_o be_v past_a noon_n have_v thus_o find_v out_o the_o meridian_n altitude_n you_o must_v subduct_v it_o from_o 90_o degree_n and_o the_o residue_n will_v be_v the_o true_a latitude_n of_o the_o place_n if_o so_o be_v it_o be_v observe_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a when_o the_o sun_n enter_v the_o first_o point_n of_o aries_n or_o libra_n as_o for_o example_n here_o at_o oxford_n i_o observe_v the_o meridian_n height_n of_o the_o sun_n about_o the_o eleven_o of_o march_n and_o i_o find_v it_o to_o be_v about_o 37_o degree_n or_o thereabouts_o which_o i_o subtract_v out_o of_o 90_o the_o whole_a quadrant_n and_o the_o residue_n will_v be_v 51½_n which_o be_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n but_o if_o you_o will_v know_v the_o latitude_n at_o any_o other_o day_n or_o time_n of_o the_o year_n then_o must_v you_o proceed_v in_o this_o manner_n have_v take_v the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o noon_n as_o before_o you_o must_v by_o the_o table_n of_o declination_n learn_v the_o true_a degree_n of_o the_o sun_n declination_n 2_o if_o such_o declination_n be_v northerne_o then_o must_v you_o subtract_v it_o from_o the_o foresay_a altitude_n or_o height_n but_o if_o southern_o you_o must_v add_v it_o to_o the_o altitude_n and_o by_o such_o addition_n and_o subtraction_n shall_v you_o have_v the_o height_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a above_o the_o horizon_n 3_o this_o height_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a above_o your_o horizon_n be_v as_o before_o subtract_v from_o 90_o will_v be_v the_o true_a latitude_n of_o the_o place_n assign_v as_o for_o example_n the_o 15_o of_o august_n i_o observe_v the_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o be_v about_o 10_o degree_n the_o sun_n be_v in_o 2_o degree_n of_o virgo_fw-la i_o find_v the_o meridian_n height_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o be_v 48_o degree_n or_o thereabouts_o now_o because_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o virgo_fw-la have_v a_o northern_a declination_n i_o subtract_v 10_o which_o be_v the_o number_n of_o the_o declination_n out_o of_o 48_o the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o there_o will_v remain_v 38_o which_o again_o take_v â—ut_v of_o 90_o the_o residue_n will_v be_v about_o 52_o the_o common_a receive_v latitude_n of_o the_o place_n 2_o the_o meridian_n height_n of_o any_o star_n the_o declination_n subtract_v if_o it_o be_v northern_a or_o add_v if_o it_o be_v southern_a be_v subtract_v out_o of_o 90_o will_v show_v at_o any_o time_n of_o the_o year_n the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n the_o former_a rule_n serve_v only_o for_o the_o day_n because_o it_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o this_o latter_a may_v be_v more_o necessary_a for_o mariner_n who_o now_o and_o then_o be_v enforce_v to_o inquire_v the_o latitude_n of_o a_o place_n in_o the_o night_n when_o the_o sun_n shine_v not_o wherefore_o they_o must_v fly_v unto_o some_o know_a star_n by_o observation_n of_o which_o they_o may_v easy_o perform_v the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n which_o differres_fw-la nothing_o at_o all_o from_o that_o which_o we_o speak_v of_o the_o sun_n out_o of_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o therefore_o need_v no_o other_o exposition_n than_o a_o bare_a example_n let_v the_o fix_a star_n you_o best_o know_v be_v arcturus_n who_o meridian_n altitude_n you_o find_v by_o your_o mathematical_a instrument_n to_o be_v 59_o degree_n and_o 30_o minute_n then_o shall_v you_o learn_v by_o some_o table_n that_o this_o declination_n northward_o be_v 21_o degree_n 30_o minute_n now_o because_o his_o declination_n be_v northward_o you_o must_v subtract_v it_o out_o of_o his_o meridian_n altitude_n and_o you_o shall_v find_v the_o remainder_n to_o be_v 52_o degree_n which_o be_v the_o latitude_n for_o the_o place_n as_o it_o be_v common_o take_v although_o i_o confess_v it_o may_v be_v more_o exact_a be_v observe_v here_o at_o oxford_n be_v find_v rather_o 51_o degree_n and_o 30_o minute_n 18_o the_o magnetical_a invention_n be_v perform_v by_o the_o magnetical_a inclinatory_a needle_n the_o ground_n of_o this_o magnetical_a invention_n be_v from_o the_o proportion_n betwixt_o the_o magnetical_a inclinatory_a needle_n and_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o as_o we_o have_v prove_v in_o the_o 13_o proposition_n of_o the_o 3_o chapter_n the_o magnetical_a inclinatory_a needle_n will_v at_o every_o point_n of_o latitude_n conform_v itself_o to_o certain_a angle_n with_o the_o axle_n of_o the_o earth_n proportional_o to_o the_o degree_n of_o that_o latitude_n upon_o which_o ground_n dr_n ridley_n have_v invent_v a_o curious_a instrument_n to_o find_v out_o the_o latitude_n
92_o 3_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o sea_n be_v carry_v somewhere_o from_o east_n to_o west_n and_o somewhere_o from_o north_n to_o south_n &_o contrariwise_o 98_o 4_o of_o the_o violent_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n cause_v by_o wind_n 101_o 5_o to_o some_o certain_a place_n at_o certain_a time_n belong_v certain_a wind_n 102_o 6_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n make_v the_o sea_n sometime_o in_o some_o place_n transcend_v his_o ordinary_a bound_n 103_o chap._n vii_o of_o the_o depth_n situation_n and_o termination_n of_o the_o sea_n 1_o the_o ordinary_a depth_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v common_o answerable_a to_o the_o ordinary_a height_n of_o the_o main_a land_n above_o the_o water_n and_o the_o whirlpool_n &_o extraordinary_a depth_n answer_v to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mountain_n above_o the_o ordinary_a height_n of_o the_o earth_n 104_o 2_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v somewhere_o high_a than_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n somewhere_o low_a 109_o 3_o the_o sea_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v high_a in_o one_o place_n then_o another_o 111_o 4_o the_o water_n be_v so_o divide_v from_o the_o dry-land_n that_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n be_v great_a in_o the_o southern_a hemisphere_n of_o land_n in_o the_o northern_a 115_o 5_o the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v environ_v round_o with_o sea_n betwixt_o east_n and_o west_n 116_o 6_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o earth_n be_v enuirnoe_v round_o with_o water_n from_o north_n to_o south_n of_o the_o northwest_n passage_n 117_o chap._n viii_o ofsea_n traffic_n and_o merchandise_n 1_o navigation_n first_o teach_v by_o almighty_a god_n be_v afterward_o second_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o famous_a man_n in_o all_o age_n 132_o 2_o navigation_n be_v very_o necessary_a as_o well_o for_o the_o increase_n of_o knowledge_n as_o riches_n 135_o chap._n ix_o of_o pedography_n rivers_n lake_n and_o fountain_n in_o the_o earth_n 1_o all_o river_n have_v their_o original_n from_o the_o sea_n the_o mother_n of_o river_n 142_o 2_o all_o river_n and_o fountain_n be_v not_o from_o the_o beginning_n 155_o 3_o many_o river_n be_v for_o a_o great_a space_n of_o land_n swallow_v up_o of_o the_o earth_n whereof_o some_o after_o a_o certain_a distance_n rise_v again_o 156_o 4_o river_n for_o the_o most_o part_n rise_v out_o of_o great_a mountain_n and_o at_o last_o by_o diverse_a or_o one_o inlet_n be_v disburden_v into_o the_o sea_n 157_o 5_o diverse_a fountain_n be_v endow_v with_o diverse_a admirable_a virtue_n and_o operation_n 159_o 6_o place_n near_o great_a river_n and_o lake_n be_v most_o commodious_a for_o habitation_n 162_o 7_o of_o lake_n and_o their_o cause_n 162_o 8_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o some_o lake_n have_v some_o secret_a intercourse_n with_o the_o sea_n under_o ground_n 163_o chap._n x._o of_o mountain_n valley_n plaine-region_n woody_a and_o champion_n country_n 1_o mountain_n valley_n and_o plain_n be_v create_v in_o the_o beginning_n and_o few_o make_v by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o deluge_n 165_o 2_o the_o perpendicular_a height_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n seldom_o exceed_v 10_o furlong_n 169_o 3_o the_o ordinary_a height_n of_o the_o land_n above_o the_o sea_n in_o diverse_a place_n be_v more_o than_o the_o height_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n above_o the_o ordinary_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n 171_o 4_o mountain_n country_n be_v common_o cold_a than_o plain_a 172_o 5_o mountain_n since_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n have_v still_o decrease_v in_o their_o quantity_n and_o so_o will_v unto_o the_o end_n 174_o 6_o of_o wood_n and_o their_o nature_n 178_o 7_o wood_n be_v not_o so_o frequent_a or_o great_a as_o in_o ancient_a time_n 179_o 8_o place_n moderate_o situate_a towards_o the_o north_n or_o south-pole_n abound_v more_o in_o wood_n then_o near_o the_o equatour_n 180_o chap._n xi_o of_o land_n and_o continent_n 1_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o land_n be_v not_o from_o the_o first_o beginning_n but_o be_v afterward_o make_v by_o violence_n of_o the_o water_n 184_o 2_o peninsula_n by_o violence_n of_o the_o sea_n fret_v through_o the_o isthmus_n have_v oftentimes_o turn_v into_o land_n and_o contrariwise_o peninsalas_o by_o diminution_n of_o the_o sea_n make_v of_o land_n 189_o chap._n xii_o of_o inundation_n and_o earthquake_n 1_o no_o universal_a inundation_n of_o the_o earth_n can_v be_v natural_a the_o other_o may_v depend_v from_o natural_a cause_n 193_o 2_o particular_a alteration_n have_v happen_v to_o the_o bond_n of_o country_n by_o particular_a inundation_n 195_o 3_o certain_a region_n by_o reason_n of_o great_a river_n be_v subject_a to_o certain_a anniversary_n inundation_n 197_o 4_o region_n extreme_a cold_a or_o extreme_a hot_a be_v not_o so_o subject_a to_o earthquake_n as_o place_n of_o a_o middle_a temper_n 201_o 5_o hollow_a and_o spongy_a place_n be_v more_o subject_a to_o earthquake_n then_o solid_a and_o compact_a soil_n 202_o 6_o land_n be_v more_o often_o trouble_v with_o earthquake_n then_o the_o continent_n 203_o chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o original_a of_o inhabitant_n 1_o all_o nation_n have_v their_o first_o original_n from_o one_o stock_n whence_o afterward_o they_o become_v divide_v 206_o 2_o the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v plant_v in_o paradise_n and_o thence_o translate_v to_o the_o place_n adjoin_v 208_o 3_o the_o first_o plantation_n of_o inhabitant_n immediate_o after_o the_o deluge_n begin_v in_o the_o east_n 213_o chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o disposition_n of_o inhabitant_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o site_n 1_o the_o people_n of_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n as_o well_o in_o riches_n and_o magnificence_n as_o valour_n science_n and_o civil_a government_n far_o surpass_v the_o people_n of_o the_o south_n hemisphere_n 221_o 2_o the_o extreme_a inhabitant_n towards_o the_o pole_n be_v in_o complexion_n hot_a and_o moist_a those_o towards_o the_o equatour_n cold_a and_o dry_a those_o of_o the_o middle_a partake_n of_o a_o middle_a temper_n 226_o 3_o the_o extreme_a inhabitant_n towards_o the_o pole_n be_v natural_o incline_v to_o mechanical_a work_n and_o martial_a endeavour_n the_o extreme_a towards_o the_o equatour_n to_o work_n of_o religion_n and_o contemplation_n the_o middle_n to_o law_n and_o civility_n 232_o 4_o the_o people_n of_o the_o extreme_a region_n towards_o the_o pole_n in_o martial_a prowess_n have_v common_o prove_v strong_a than_o those_o near_a the_o equatour_n but_o the_o middle_a people_n more_o provident_a then_o either_o in_o the_o establishment_n and_o preservation_n of_o commonwealth_n 236_o 5_o the_o extreme_a region_n in_o manner_n action_n and_o custom_n be_v clean_o opposite_a the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o the_o middle_n partake_v a_o mixture_n of_o both_o 239_o 6_o the_o people_n of_o the_o eastern_a hemisphere_n in_o science_n religion_n civility_n and_o magnificence_n and_o almost_o in_o every_o thing_n else_o be_v far_o superior_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o western_a 250_o 7_o the_o western_a people_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o be_v more_o happy_a and_o able_a in_o martial_a discipline_n the_o eastern_a in_o witty_a contemplation_n and_o contemplative_a science_n 252_o 8_o the_o eastern_a part_n of_o the_o western_a hemisphere_n be_v people_v before_o the_o western_a 255_o chap._n xv._n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o disposition_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o soil_n 1_o mountaine-people_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n more_o stout_a warlike_a and_o generous_a than_o those_o of_o plain_a country_n yet_o less_o tractable_a to_o government_n 256_o 2_o windy_a region_n produce_v man_n of_o wild_a and_o instable_a disposition_n but_o quiet_a region_n more_o constant_a and_o courteous_a 273_o chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o disposition_n of_o inhabitant_n according_a to_o their_o original_n and_o education_n 1_o colony_n translate_v from_o one_o region_n into_o another_o far_a remote_a retain_v a_o long_a time_n their_o first_o disposition_n though_o by_o little_a &_o little_a they_o decline_v and_o suffer_v alteration_n 278_o 2_o the_o mixture_n of_o colonies_n beget_v the_o same_o nation_n a_o great_a disparity_n and_o variety_n of_o the_o nation_n among_o themselves_o 278_o 3_o education_n have_v a_o great_a force_n in_o the_o alteration_n of_o natural_a disposition_n yet_o so_o as_o by_o accident_n remit_v they_o soon_o return_v to_o their_o proper_a temper_n  _fw-fr 4_o by_o discipline_n nation_n become_v more_o wise_a and_o politic_a in_o the_o preservation_n of_o state_n yet_o less_o stout_a and_o courageous_a 283_o the_o analysis_n of_o the_o second_o book_n general_n which_o of_o a_o place_n general_o take_v without_o any_o special_a division_n handle_v the_o adjunct_n and_o propriety_n these_o agree_v to_o a_o place_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o earth_n itself_o which_o be_v internal_a or_o external_a common_a or_o magnetical_a whereof_o chapter_n 2._o heaven_n which_o be_v general_n or_o special_a chapt._n 3_o
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to_o be_v from_o north_n to_o south_n from_o terra_fw-la laboratoris_fw-la southward_n but_o patricius_n not_o deny_v these_o motion_n will_v have_v many_o more_o in_o diverse_a sea_n not_o admit_v any_o universal_a circular_a motion_n enforce_v by_o the_o heaven_n but_o various_a motion_n diverse_o dispose_v in_o diverse_a sea_n for_o which_o he_o give_v many_o instance_n some_o whereof_o we_o will_v here_o relate_v first_o go_v about_o to_o disprove_v scaliger_n opinion_n and_o experience_n he_o bring_v the_o experiment_n of_o the_o portugal_n navigatour_n who_o testify_v that_o they_o come_v from_o mosambicke_a of_o the_o side_n on_o madagascar_n into_o malebar_v in_o 28_o sometime_o in_o 30_o other_o time_n in_o 35_o day_n which_o be_v far_o from_o the_o account_n of_o
of_o the_o red_a sea_n be_v by_o the_o perpendicular_a find_v high_a than_o in_o the_o mediterranean_a moreover_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o west_n part_n of_o america_n common_o call_v mare_n del_n zur_n be_v much_o high_a than_o the_o atlantic_a sea_n which_o border_v on_o the_o eastern_a part_n of_o it_o which_o give_v way_n to_o the_o conjecture_n of_o some_o that_o the_o isthmus_n betwixt_o panama_n and_o nombre_n dâ—_n dios_n have_v be_v long_o since_o cut_v through_o to_o have_v make_v a_o passage_n into_o the_o pacifick_n sea_n without_o sail_v so_o â—arre_o about_o by_o the_o strait_n of_o magellane_n have_v not_o many_o inconvenience_n be_v fear_v out_o of_o the_o inequality_n in_o the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n the_o like_a inequality_n be_v observe_v by_o verstegan_n in_o the_o sea_n betwixt_o england_n and_o france_n for_o according_a to_o his_o conjecture_n france_n and_o england_n be_v one_o continent_n heretofore_o and_o join_v by_o a_o narrow_a neck_n of_o land_n betwixt_o dover_n and_o callais_n the_o water_n on_o one_o side_n be_v high_a than_o on_o the_o other_o which_o he_o probable_o collect_v out_o of_o the_o sundry_a flat_n and_o shallows_n at_o this_o day_n appear_v on_o the_o east_n side_n as_o well_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o england_n as_o of_o flanders_n especial_o between_o dover_n and_o calais_n call_v by_o some_o our_o lady_n sand_n about_o three_o english_a mile_n in_o length_n out_o of_o which_o and_o sundry_a other_o probability_n he_o labour_v to_o prove_v that_o all_o the_o low-countries_n be_v heretofore_o enuelope_v with_o the_o sea_n till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o narrow_a land_n be_v either_o by_o nature_n or_o art_n cut_v through_o and_o the_o water_n allow_v a_o free_a passage_n it_o become_v dry_a land_n but_o this_o point_n we_o shall_v discuss_v hereafter_o in_o place_n convenient_a 4_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v the_o termination_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o 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be_v a_o place_n where_o the_o water_n as_o it_o be_v embosom_v itself_o into_o the_o land_n have_v a_o â—ntrance_n large_a from_o the_o ocean_n and_o most_o common_o streytn_v inward_o but_o no_o passage_n through_o a_o creek_n again_o may_v be_v divide_v into_o the_o great_a or_o lesser_a under_o the_o former_a in_o a_o large_a sense_n may_v we_o comprehend_v the_o whole_a mediterranean_a sea_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o â—ea_n from_o the_o mainâ—_n atlantic_a ocean_n by_o a_o inlet_n be_v ingulf_v into_o it_o but_o find_v no_o passage_n out_o any_o other_o way_n howsoever_o it_o invade_v a_o large_a territory_n the_o lesser_a creek_n be_v again_o distinguish_v into_o the_o eastern_a and_o western_a the_o chief_a creek_n find_v out_o towards_o the_o east_n be_v six_o in_o number_n 1._o sinus_n magnus_fw-la which_o lie_v betwixt_o mangus_n and_o india_n extra_fw-la gangem_fw-la teach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o region_n of_o chalâ—iâ—_n 2._o sinus_n gangâ—ticus_n which_o be_v comprehend_v betwixt_o aurea_n chersonesus_n and_o india_n intra_fw-la gangem_fw-la 3_o sinus_n canthi_n common_o call_v canthi-colpus_a 4._o sinus_n persicus_n border_v on_o persia_n and_o call_v by_o plutarch_n the_o babylonian_a sea_n 5._o sinus_n arabicus_n which_o be_v common_o call_v the_o red_a sâ—a_n 6._o sinus_n barbaricus_n which_o by_o pliny_n be_v term_v sinus_n trâ—gloditicus_n &_o at_o this_o day_n golpho_n de_fw-fr melinde_n the_o creek_n lie_v westward_o be_v chief_o these_o first_o sinus_n sarmaticus_n lie_v towards_o the_o north_n between_o denmark_n and_o normay_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o sinus_n sinnicus_fw-la and_o bodiâ—us_fw-la which_o be_v call_v common_o the_o baltic_a sea_n 2_o sinus_n granuicus_fw-la divide_v the_o muscovite_n from_o the_o câ—relij_fw-la northward_o it_o be_v common_o call_v the_o white_a sea_n 3_o sinus_n mexicanus_n border_v on_o the_o city_n of_o mexico_n in_o america_n among_o these_o some_o will_v number_v mare_fw-la pacificum_fw-la or_o mare_n dâ—l_v zur_n but_o this_o we_o think_v fit_a to_o call_v a_o main_a sea_n than_o a_o creek_n be_v extraordinary_o large_a in_o quantity_n a_o strait_n be_v a_o narrow_a sea_n between_o two_o land_n of_o such_o strait_o these_o be_v ancient_o know_v to_o wit_n 1_o fretum_n graditanum_fw-la or_o the_o strait_o of_o gibraltar_n of_o 7_o mile_n distance_n divide_v spain_n from_o barbary_n 2_o fretum_n magellanniâ—un_v find_v out_o by_o magellane_n which_o divide_v aâ—erica_n pâ—ruana_n from_o the_o southern_a land_n 3_o fretum_n anian_n situate_v betwixt_o the_o western_a shore_n of_o america_n &_o the_o eastern_a border_n of_o tartary_n beside_o these_o there_o have_v be_v discover_v 3_o more_o to_o wit_n 1_o pretum_fw-la davis_n find_v out_o by_o captain_n davis_n in_o the_o year_n 1586_o which_o lie_v towards_o groenland_n â—_o fretum_n nâ—sovicum_n or_o way_n gate_n near_o nova_fw-la zembla_n discover_v by_o the_o hollander_n in_o the_o year_n 1614_o 3_o fretum_n de_fw-fr mayre_n find_v out_o by_o william_n schouteâ—_n a_o bavarian_a take_v his_o name_n from_o isaaâ—_n le_fw-fr mâ—yre_n by_o who_o advice_n and_o persuasion_n he_o undertake_v hiâ—_n voyage_n but_o some_o of_o these_o lattâ—â—_n streit_v here_o mention_v for_o aught_o i_o know_v may_v better_a be_v reckon_v among_o creek_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o find_v any_o passage_n through_o though_o with_o great_a loss_n and_o danger_n they_o have_v often_o attempt_v the_o discovery_n concern_v the_o bound_a of_o the_o sea_n with_o the_o land_n we_o will_v insert_v thâ—se_a theorem_n 1_o the_o water_n be_v so_o divide_v from_o the_o dry_a land_n that_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n be_v great_a in_o the_o south_n hemisphere_n of_o land_n in_o the_o northern_a that_o most_o part_n of_o the_o dry_a land_n be_v situate_a towards_o the_o north_n will_v easy_o appear_v by_o instance_n for_o towards_o the_o north_n be_v place_v the_o great_a continent_n of_o europe_n asia_n almost_o 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first_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o promise_v moreover_o we_o may_v further_o observe_v that_o those_o place_n which_o in_o the_o first_o discovery_n have_v be_v take_v for_o the_o main_a continent_n or_o at_o least_o for_o some_o great_a part_n of_o land_n have_v afterward_o upon_o more_o curious_a examination_n be_v find_v cleave_v into_o many_o lesser_a land_n as_o in_o america_n cuba_n in_o the_o time_n of_o columbus_n and_o california_n of_o late_a think_v to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o continent_n and_o so_o describe_v almost_o in_o all_o our_o map_n yet_o since_o by_o a_o spanish_a chart_n take_v by_o the_o hollander_n discover_v to_o be_v a_o island_n the_o like_a instance_n we_o have_v in_o terra_fw-la del_fw-it fuogâ—_n which_o since_o the_o time_n magellan_n be_v hold_v a_o part_n of_o the_o south_n continent_n till_o schouten_n by_o sail_v round_o about_o it_o find_v it_o divide_v from_o the_o main_a lâ—nd_n by_o frâ—â—um_fw-la de_fw-fr mayre_n
carry_v the_o name_n of_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n in_o his_o discovery_n neither_o be_v it_o much_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o in_o that_o large_a tract_n delineate_v out_o in_o the_o globe_n for_o the_o south-indy_n be_v contain_v many_o land_n divide_v one_o from_o the_o other_o by_o streite_n and_o narrow_a sea_n which_o must_v subtract_v much_o from_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o dry_a land_n so_o that_o of_o necessity_n it_o must_v be_v grant_v that_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n take_v up_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o dry_a land_n as_o the_o other_o of_o the_o water_n wherefore_o that_o place_n of_o esdras_n where_o he_o say_v that_o almighty_a god_n allot_v 〈◊〉_d paris_n to_o the_o eâ—â—th_n and_o the_o 〈…〉_z water_n must_v râ—ther_o seem_v improbable_a or_o suffer_v another_o interpretation_n then_o that_o of_o the_o ancients_n for_o out_o of_o credible_a conjecture_n draw_v â—rom_o the_o view_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n we_o shall_v hardly_o collect_v sucâ—_n a_o proportion_n in_o this_o comparison_n of_o the_o northern_a hâ—mispheâ—â—â—_n with_o the_o southern_a we_o shall_v find_v â—_o kind_a of_o harmony_n betwixt_o the_o heaven_n and_o the_o earth_n for_o as_o traveller_n report_v thâ—_n northern_a part_n abound_v with_o more_o star_n and_o of_o great_a magnitude_n than_o the_o other_o towards_o the_o south_n so_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n discover_v unto_o we_o more_o continent_n great_a land_n and_o of_o more_o noâ—â—_n in_o the_o north_n then_o â—n_a the_o south_n 2_o the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v environ_v round_o from_o the_o east_n and_o the_o west_n with_o sea_n divide_v â—he_n north_n from_o the_o south_n to_o prove_v this_o theorem_a we_o need_v go_v no_o far_o than_o the_o famous_a voyage_n of_o magellane_n drake_n candish_n and_o schoâ—ten_o whereof_o the_o first_o attempt_v the_o first_o passage_n through_o fretum_n magelâ—anicum_n and_o give_v it_o the_o name_n though_o he_o can_v not_o outlive_a his_o intend_a journey_n the_o two_o next_o follow_v the_o same_o way_n and_o the_o last_o find_v out_o a_o new_a passage_n through_o fretum_n de_fw-fr mayre_n as_o we_o have_v former_o mention_v whence_o we_o may_v eaâ—â—ly_o deduce_v this_o corollary_n that_o the_o southern_a continent_n not_o yet_o perfect_o discover_v be_v either_o one_o or_o which_o be_v most_o probable_a â—any_n land_n forasmuch_o as_o by_o sail_v round_o about_o â—t_a they_o have_v find_v it_o every_o where_o compass_v round_o with_o sea_n the_o like_a may_v be_v conjecture_v of_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n on_o the_o northern_a side_n whereof_o we_o shall_v speak_v in_o this_o next_o theorem_fw-la 3_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o earth_n be_v compass_v round_o with_o the_o water_n from_o north_n to_o south_n i_o know_v nothing_o which_o have_v exercise_v the_o wit_n and_o industry_n of_o the_o navigatour_n of_o our_o age_n more_o than_o the_o find_v out_o of_o a_o passage_n northward_o to_o cathay_n and_o so_o to_o the_o east-indies_n which_o controversy_n as_o yet_o remain_v altogether_o unanswered_a and_o await_v the_o happiness_n of_o some_o new_a discovery_n in_o which_o difficult_a passage_n wherein_o many_o have_v spend_v both_o their_o life_n and_o hope_n it_o may_v seem_v enough_o for_o i_o to_o go_v with_o their_o relation_n suffer_v my_o conjecture_n to_o fly_v no_o far_o than_o their_o sail_n the_o reason_n which_o i_o meet_v with_o in_o my_o slender_a read_n i_o will_v examine_v as_o i_o can_v without_o partiality_n and_o so_o leave_v every_o man_n to_o be_v his_o own_o judge_n first_o then_o we_o must_v consider_v that_o the_o voyage_n to_o the_o indies_n must_v be_v effect_v by_o either_o of_o these_o two_o way_n to_o wit_n northward_o or_o southward_o to_o begin_v with_o the_o south_n it_o must_v be_v perform_v two_o way_n either_o by_o some_o unknown_a passage_n through_o the_o south-continent_n near_o the_o antarctic_a pole_n 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the_o hostile_a invasion_n