rather_o beat_v he_o then_o suffer_v he_o to_o take_v or_o carry_v they_o away_o chap._n xliv_o how_o far_o other_o man_n contract_n and_o misdemeanour_n do_v bind_v we_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v bind_v by_o many_o trespass_n of_o his_o wife_n but_o not_o to_o sustain_v corporal_a punishment_n for_o it_o for_o murder_n felony_n battery_n trespass_n borrow_v or_o receive_v of_o money_n in_o his_o master_n name_n by_o a_o servant_n the_o master_n shall_v not_o be_v charge_v unless_o it_o be_v do_v by_o his_o command_n or_o come_v to_o his_o use_n by_o his_o assent_n if_o i_o command_v one_o to_o do_v a_o trespass_n i_o shall_v be_v a_o trespassor_n or_o otherwise_o if_o i_o do_v but_o consent_v there_o be_v no_o accessary_a in_o trespass_n we_o shall_v be_v charge_v if_o any_o of_o our_o family_n lay_v or_o cast_v any_o thing_n into_o the_o high_a way_n to_o the_o noisance_n of_o his_o majesty_n liege_n people_n every_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o make_v recompense_n for_o such_o hurt_n as_o his_o beast_n shall_v do_v in_o the_o corn_n or_o grass_n of_o his_o neighbour_n though_o he_o know_v not_o that_o they_o be_v there_o and_o for_o his_o dog_n bear_n etc._n etc._n if_o they_o hurt_v the_o good_n or_o chattel_n of_o any_o other_o for_o that_o he_o be_v to_o govern_v they_o a_o man_n shall_v not_o be_v charge_v by_o the_o contract_n of_o his_o wife_n or_o his_o servant_n if_o the_o thing_n come_v to_o his_o use_n have_v no_o notice_n of_o it_o but_o if_o he_o command_v they_o to_o buy_v he_o shall_v be_v charge_v though_o they_o come_v not_o to_o his_o use_n or_o have_v notice_n thereof_o if_o a_o wife_n or_o servant_n use_v to_o buy_v or_o sell_v if_o he_o sell_v his_o master_n horse_n and_o exchange_v his_o ox_n for_o wheat_n that_o come_v to_o his_o master_n use_n his_o master_n may_v not_o have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o it_o but_o he_o shall_v be_v charge_v for_o the_o corn_n and_o the_o other_o need_v not_o to_o show_v that_o he_o have_v warrant_n to_o buy_v for_o he_o if_o a_o manservant_n that_o keep_v his_o shop_n or_o that_o use_v to_o sell_v for_o he_o shall_v give_v away_o his_o good_n he_o shall_v have_v trespass_n against_o the_o donee_n but_o if_o i_o deliver_v my_o good_n to_o another_o to_o keep_v to_o my_o use_n and_o he_o do_v give_v they_o away_o i_o shall_v not_o for_o the_o donee_n have_v notice_n who_o good_n they_o be_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o servant_n if_o a_o man_n make_v another_o his_o general_a receiver_n which_o receive_v money_n and_o make_v a_o acquittance_n and_o pay_v not_o his_o master_n yet_o that_o payment_n discharge_v the_o debtor_n if_o a_o servant_n keep_v his_o master_n fire_n negligent_o a_o action_n lie_v against_o the_o master_n otherwise_o if_o he_o bear_v it_o negligent_o in_o the_o street_n if_o i_o command_v my_o servant_n to_o distrain_v and_o he_o do_v ride_v on_o the_o distress_n he_o shall_v be_v punish_v not_o i_o if_o a_o man_n command_v his_o servant_n to_o sell_v a_o thing_n that_o be_v defective_a general_o to_o who_o he_o can_v sell_v it_o deceit_n lie_v not_o against_o he_o otherwise_o if_o he_o bid_v he_o sell_v it_o to_o such_o a_o man_n it_o do_v a_o contract_n or_o a_o promise_n make_v to_o the_o wife_n be_v good_a when_o the_o husband_n do_v agree_v so_o it_o be_v to_o a_o servant_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o husband_n and_o master_n himself_o if_o a_o man_n take_v a_o wife_n that_o be_v in_o debt_n he_o shall_v be_v charge_v with_o her_o debt_n during_o her_o life_n if_o she_o die_v he_o shall_v be_v discharge_v chap._n xlv_o will_n and_o testament_n have_v hitherto_o treat_v of_o such_o contract_n as_o the_o take_v effect_n in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o the_o party_n with_o their_o difference_n it_o be_v now_o to_o deal_v with_o instrument_n which_o take_v effect_n after_o their_o death_n that_o those_o thing_n which_o they_o have_v preserve_v with_o care_n and_o get_v with_o pain_n in_o their_o life_n may_v be_v leave_v to_o their_o posterity_n in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n after_o their_o death_n of_o which_o sort_n be_v last_o will_n and_o testament_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o will_n write_v and_o nuncupative_a anuncupative_a testament_n be_v when_o the_o testator_n do_v by_o word_n only_o without_o writing_n declare_v his_o will_n before_o a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o witness_n of_o his_o chattel_n only_o for_o land_n pass_v not_o but_o by_o write_v it_o may_v for_o the_o better_a continuance_n after_o the_o make_n be_v put_v in_o writing_n and_o prove_v but_o it_o be_v still_o a_o testament_n nuncupative_a a_o write_a testament_n be_v that_o which_o at_o the_o very_a time_n of_o the_o make_v thereof_o be_v put_v in_o writing_n by_o which_o kind_n of_o testament_n in_o writing_n only_a land_n and_o testament_n pass_v and_o not_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n only_o two_o thing_n be_v require_v to_o the_o perfection_n of_o a_o will_n by_o which_o land_n pass_v viz._n first_o writing_n which_o be_v the_o beginning_n second_o the_o death_n of_o the_o devisor_n which_o be_v the_o finish_n in_o a_o will_n of_o good_n there_o must_v be_v a_o executor_n name_v otherwise_o of_o land_n a_o man_n may_v make_v one_o executor_n or_o more_o simple_o or_o conditional_o for_o a_o time_n or_o for_o parcel_n of_o his_o chattel_n if_o no_o executor_n be_v name_v than_o it_o still_o retain_v the_o name_n of_o last_o a_o will_n and_o shall_v be_v annex_v to_o the_o letter_n of_o administration_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o gift_n gavil_v kind_a land_n may_v be_v devise_v by_o custom_n land_n bolden_v in_o socage_n tenure_n all_o be_v devisable_a knight_n service_n 2_o part_n 3_o in_o writing_n fear_v fraud_n and_o flattery_n three_o unfit_a accident_n to_o be_v at_o the_o make_n of_o a_o will._n a_o woman_n may_v make_v a_o will_n of_o the_o good_n of_o her_o husband_n by_o his_o consent_n and_o licence_n by_o word_n be_v sufficient_a and_o of_o the_o good_n she_o have_v as_o executor_n without_o his_o consent_n but_o she_o can_v give_v they_o unto_o he_o a_o boy_n after_o his_o age_n of_o fourteen_o and_o a_o maid_n after_o her_o age_n of_o twelve_o may_v make_v a_o will_n of_o their_o good_n and_o chattel_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o will_n of_o the_o donor_n shall_v be_v always_o observe_v if_o it_o be_v not_o impossible_a or_o great_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n a_o devisor_n be_v intend_v inops_fw-la consilii_fw-la and_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v his_o counsel_n and_o according_a to_o his_o intent_n appear_v in_o his_o will_n shall_v supply_v the_o defect_n of_o his_o word_n a_o prerogative_n will_n be_v five_o pound_n in_o another_o diocese_n a_o man_n may_v not_o traverse_v the_o probate_n of_o a_o testament_n or_o letter_n of_o administration_n direct_o but_o he_o may_v say_v against_o the_o testament_n that_o the_o testator_n never_o make_v the_o party_n his_o executor_n chap._n xlvi_o devise_n a_o devise_v aught_o to_o be_v good_a and_o effectual_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o devisor_n the_o devisee_n may_v not_o enter_v into_o the_o term_n or_o take_v a_o chattel_n but_o by_o the_o delivery_n of_o the_o executor_n but_o he_o may_v sue_v for_o it_o in_o court_n christian_n into_o franktenement_n or_o inheritance_n he_o may_v enter_v devisee_n be_v purchasees_n as_o if_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n be_v will_v to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o heir_n the_o heir_n shall_v have_v it_o for_o heir_n be_v a_o name_n of_o purchase_n here_o a_o reversion_n of_o land_n or_o tenement_n will_v pass_v by_o the_o name_n of_o land_n and_o tenement_n in_o a_o devise_n if_o a_o man_n devise_v all_o his_o land_n and_o tenement_n a_o lease_n for_o year_n do_v not_o pass_v where_o he_o have_v land_n in_o fee_n and_o also_o a_o lease_n there_o otherwise_o it_o will_n if_o a_o man_n devise_v all_o his_o good_n a_o rent-charge_n which_o he_o have_v for_o year_n will_v pass_v and_o all_o other_o his_o personal_a chattel_n and_o if_o a_o man_n give_v all_o his_o moveable_n to_o one_o he_o shall_v have_v all_o his_o horse_n cattle_n pan_n and_o personal_a chattel_n and_o all_o his_o immovables_n to_o another_o he_o shall_v have_v all_o his_o corn_n grow_v and_o fruit_n on_o his_o tree_n and_o the_o chattel_n real_a a_o man_n may_v devise_v land_n or_o good_n to_o a_o infant_n in_o the_o mother_n belly_n or_o good_n to_o the_o churchwarden_n of_o d._n there_o be_v great_a diversity_n where_o the_o property_n be_v devise_v and_o when_o the_o occupation_n be_v devise_v a_o man_n may_v devise_v that_o a_o man_n shall_v have_v the_o occupation_n of_o his_o plate_n or_o other_o chattel_n during_o his_o life_n or_o
but_o by_o presentment_n in_o the_o leete_n if_o a_o private_a way_n be_v straighten_a or_o if_o a_o bridge_n there_o which_o another_o aught_o to_o repair_v be_v decay_v a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n lie_v but_o if_o the_o way_n be_v stop_v a_o assize_n of_o nuisance_n lie_v and_o the_o lessee_n may_v have_v it_o after_o the_o lessor_n year_n begin_v or_o the_o lessee_n may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n if_o the_o most_o part_n of_o a_o water-way_n be_v stop_v a_o assize_n will_v lie_v chap._n xxvi_o liberty_n a_o liberty_n be_v a_o royal_a privilege_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o subject_n all_o liberty_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o crown_n and_o therefore_o be_v extinguish_v if_o they_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n again_o by_o escheat_n forfeiture_n or_o such_o like_a for_o the_o great_a do_v drown_v the_o lesser_a one_o may_v have_v park_n a_o leete_n wayfe_n stray_n wreck_n of_o sea_n and_o â—enura_fw-la placitorum_fw-la by_o prescription_n and_o without_o allowance_n in_o eyre_n but_o not_o cognizance_n of_o plea_n nor_o cattalla_n fellonum_fw-la vel_fw-la fugitinorum_fw-la aut_fw-la ut_fw-la ligatorum_fw-la a_o liberty_n may_v be_v forfeit_v by_o misuse_v as_o to_o keep_v a_o market_n otherwise_o than_o it_o be_v grant_v a_o liberty_n may_v be_v forfeit_v for_o not_o use_v when_o it_o be_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o not_o to_o exercise_v the_o office_n of_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o market_n but_o not_o to_o use_v a_o market_n be_v not_o whatsoever_o be_v in_o the_o king_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o prerogative_n may_v not_o be_v grant_v or_o pardon_v by_o general_a word_n but_o by_o special_a chap._n xxvii_o of_o chattel_n real_a chattel_n real_a be_v guardianship_n lease_n for_o year_n or_o at_o will_n etc._n etc._n guardianship_n be_v a_o commodity_n of_o have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o body_n or_o land_n or_o both_o where_o the_o heir_n be_v within_o age_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o who_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v by_o knight_n service_n shall_v have_v the_o same_o to_o his_o own_o use_n for_o it_o be_v a_o chattel_n real_a and_o therefore_o his_o executor_n shall_v have_v it_o the_o guardian_n must_v not_o do_v waste_n nor_o in_o feoff_n upon_o pain_n of_o lose_v the_o wardship_n but_o he_o must_v maintain_v the_o building_n out_o of_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o land_n and_o so_o restore_v it_o to_o the_o heir_n if_o the_o committee_n of_o the_o king_n commit_v the_o wardship_n shall_v be_v commit_v to_o another_o if_o the_o grantee_n he_o shall_v lose_v the_o wardship_n and_o one_o of_o the_o friend_n of_o the_o ward_n be_v his_o next_o friend_n that_o will_v may_v sue_v for_o he_o if_o a_o lease_n be_v make_v to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o heir_n for_o 20._o year_n it_o be_v a_o chattel_n and_o his_o executor_n shall_v have_v it_o otherwise_o if_o a_o man_n will_v a_o lease_n to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o heir_n here_o the_o word_n heir_n be_v word_n of_o purchase_n and_o his_o heir_n shall_v have_v it_o if_o a_o man_n grant_v proximam_fw-la advocationem_fw-la to_o i._n s._n and_o his_o heir_n it_o be_v but_o a_o chattel_n for_o it_o be_v but_o for_o unicâ_fw-la vice_n write_n pawn_v for_o money_n lend_v be_v chattel_n if_o a_o woman_n have_v execution_n of_o land_n by_o statute-merchant_n and_o take_v a_o husband_n he_o may_v grant_v it_o for_o it_o be_v a_o chattel_n of_o chattel_n personal_a chattel_n personal_a be_v gold_n silver_n plate_n jewel_n utensil_n beast_n and_o other_o chattel_n and_o movable_a good_n whatsoever_o obligation_n and_o corn_n upon_o the_o ground_n all_o good_n as_o well_o movable_a as_o unmoveable_a corn_n upon_o the_o ground_n obligation_n right_a of_o action_n money_n out_o of_o bag_n and_o corn_n out_o of_o sack_n sunt_fw-la cattalla_n money_n be_v not_o to_o be_v pass_v by_o the_o grant_n of_o all_o his_o good_n and_o chattel_n nor_o hawk_n nor_o hound_n nor_o other_o thing_n ferae_fw-la naturae_fw-la for_o the_o property_n be_v not_o in_o any_o not_o after_o they_o be_v make_v tame_a long_o than_o they_o be_v in_o his_o possession_n as_o my_o hound_n follow_v i_o or_o my_o man_n or_o my_o hawk_n fly_v after_o a_o foul_a or_o my_o deer_n haunt_v out_o of_o my_o park_n but_o if_o they_o stray_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o any_o man_n to_o take_v and_o the_o heir_n shall_v have_v they_o all_o chattel_n shall_v go_v to_o the_o executor_n fat_n and_o furnace_n fix_v in_o a_o brew_n house_n or_o dyhouse_n by_o the_o lessee_n if_o they_o be_v fix_v by_o tenant_n in_o fee_n the_o heir_n shall_v have_v they_o now_o something_o have_v be_v say_v concern_v possession_n it_o follow_v that_o it_o be_v show_v how_o they_o may_v be_v convey_v from_o one_o man_n to_o another_o chap._n xxviii_o of_o conveyance_n in_o every_o conveyance_n there_o must_v be_v a_o grantor_n and_o a_o grantee_n and_o something_o grant_v the_o conveyance_n of_o some_o person_n be_v void_a of_o other_o voidable_a conveyance_n of_o a_o woman_n covert_n be_v void_a without_o the_o consent_n of_o her_o husband_n and_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v make_v in_o she_o and_o his_o name_n except_o it_o be_v do_v as_o executor_n to_o another_o of_o a_o infant_n that_o which_o do_v not_o take_v effect_n with_o the_o delivery_n of_o his_o own_o hand_n be_v void_a and_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n will_v lie_v against_o he_o for_o take_v the_o thing_n give_v otherwise_o it_o be_v but_o voidable_a except_o it_o be_v as_o executor_n or_o for_o necessary_a meat_n and_o drink_v etc._n etc._n for_o his_o advantage_n voidable_o of_o non_fw-la sane_fw-la memory_n royal_a voidable_o or_o make_v by_o duresse_n royal_a voydable_a by_o the_o party_n themselves_o and_o their_o heir_n and_o by_o they_o that_o shall_v have_v their_o estate_n except_o non_fw-fr sane_a himself_o grant_n by_o fine_a voydable_a by_o writ_n of_o error_n by_o a_o infant_n during_o his_o nonage_n and_o by_o the_o husband_n for_o a_o fine_a levy_v by_o his_o wife_n alone_o during_o their_o marriage_n conveyance_n of_o some_o person_n can_v be_v good_a for_o ever_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o other_o as_o the_o dean_n without_o the_o chapter_n the_o major_a without_o the_o commonalty_n and_o of_o other_o body_n politic_a that_o have_v a_o common_a seal_n or_o of_o a_o parson_n without_o the_o patron_n and_o ordinary_a if_o there_o be_v no_o condition_n in_o the_o conveyance_n it_o shall_v be_v intend_v the_o elder_a a_o conveyance_n make_v to_o a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n shall_v be_v good_a and_o of_o effect_n until_o her_o husband_n do_v disagree_v a_o infant_n may_v be_v grantee_n so_o may_v a_o woman_n outlaw_v a_o villain_n a_o bastard_n and_o a_o felon_n a_o bastard_n can_v have_v no_o heir_n but_o the_o issue_n of_o his_o body_n lawful_o beget_v a_o infant_n at_o the_o age_n of_o discretion_n by_o his_o actual_a entry_n and_o a_o woman_n against_o the_o will_n of_o her_o husband_n may_v be_v a_o disseisor_n or_o a_o trespassor_n in_o all_o conveyance_n there_o must_v be_v one_o name_v which_o may_v take_v by_o force_n the_o grant_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o grant_n a_o grant_v make_v to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o one_o that_o be_v dead_a be_v good_a or_o custodibus_fw-la eccle._n be_v good_a for_o good_n all_o chattel_n real_a or_o personal_a may_v be_v grant_v or_o give_v without_o a_o deed._n rent-service_n rent-seck_a rent-charge_n common_a of_o pasture_n or_o of_o turbarie_n reversion_n remainder_n advowson_n or_o other_o thing_n which_o lie_v not_o in_o manual_a occupation_n may_v not_o be_v convey_v for_o year_n for_o life_n in_o tail_n or_o in_o fee_n without_o write_v the_o major_n or_o commonalty_n or_o such_o like_a can_v make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n without_o a_o deed._n chap._n xxix_o of_o deed_n three_o thing_n needful_a and_o pertain_v to_o every_o deed_n write_v seal_v and_o deliver_v in_o the_o write_n must_v be_v show_v the_o person_n name_n their_o dwell_a place_n and_o degree_n the_o thing_n grant_v upon_o what_o consideration_n the_o estate_n whether_o absolute_a or_o conditional_a with_o the_o other_o circumstance_n and_o the_o time_n when_o it_o be_v do_v no_o grant_n can_v be_v make_v but_o to_o he_o that_o be_v party_n to_o the_o deed_n except_o it_o be_v by_o way_n of_o remainder_n the_o word_n must_v be_v sufficient_a in_o law_n to_o bind_v the_o party_n as_o if_o a_o man_n grant_v omnes_fw-la terras_fw-la certa_fw-la sua_fw-la a_o lease_n for_o year_n pass_v not_o but_o for_o franktenement_n at_o least_o nec_fw-la per_fw-la omne_fw-la bona_fw-la sua_fw-la exceptio_fw-la semper_fw-la ultimo_fw-la ponenda_fw-la est_fw-la the_o habendum_fw-la must_v include_v the_o premise_n a_o condition_n can_v be_v reserve_v but_o by_o the_o grantor_n and_o it_o be_v proper_a to_o follow_v the_o
for_o year_n and_o if_o he_o die_v within_o the_o term_n that_o it_o shall_v remain_v to_o m._n a._n and_o it_o be_v good_a for_o the_o first_o have_v but_o the_o occupation_n and_o the_o other_o after_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o property_n but_o if_o a_o chattel_n be_v give_v to_o one_o for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o another_o the_o remainder_n be_v void_a for_o a_o grant_n or_o devise_v of_o a_o chattel_n for_o a_o hour_n be_v good_a for_o ever_o and_o the_o devisee_fw-mi may_v dispose_v of_o it_o but_o if_o he_o do_v not_o the_o other_o shall_v have_v it_o a_o man_n may_v devise_v his_o land_n he_o hold_v in_o lease_n but_o not_o his_o lease_n under_o this_o condition_n provide_v that_o if_o the_o devisee_fw-mi die_v within_o the_o term_n than_o he_o shall_v have_v it_o if_o a_o man_n will_v his_o good_n to_o his_o wife_n and_o that_o after_o her_o decease_n his_o son_n and_o heir_n shall_v have_v the_o house_n wherein_o they_o be_v she_o shall_v have_v the_o house_n for_o term_v of_o her_o life_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o devise_v unto_o she_o by_o express_a word_n but_o it_o do_v appear_v that_o his_o intent_n be_v so_o by_o the_o word_n if_o a_o man_n will_v his_o land_n to_o his_o wife_n till_o his_o son_n come_v to_o the_o age_n of_o 21_o year_n and_o the_o woman_n take_v another_o husband_n and_o die_v the_o husband_n shall_v have_v the_o interest_n by_o a_o devise_v a_o man_n may_v have_v the_o fee-simple_n without_o express_a word_n of_o heir_n as_o if_o land_n be_v will_v to_o a_o man_n for_o ever_o or_o to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v to_o he_o and_o to_o his_o assign_n etc._n etc._n by_o will_n land_n may_v be_v entail_v without_o the_o word_n body_n as_o if_o land_n be_v give_v to_o a_o man_n and_o to_o his_o heir_n male_a it_o do_v make_v a_o estate_n tail_n if_o a_o man_n will_n that_o his_o executor_n shall_v sell_v his_o land_n the_o inheritance_n do_v descend_v to_o the_o heir_n yet_o the_o executor_n may_v enter_v and_o enfeoffe_v the_o vendee_fw-mi but_o if_o land_n be_v give_v to_o the_o executor_n to_o sell_v and_o they_o receive_v the_o profit_n thereof_o to_o their_o own_o use_n and_o do_v not_o sell_v the_o same_o in_o reasonable_a time_n the_o heir_n may_v enter_v a_o executor_n may_v sell_v if_o the_o other_o will_v not_o if_o land_n be_v recover_v against_o tenant_n for_o life_n or_o for_o year_n by_o a_o action_n of_o waste_n or_o former_a title_n he_o may_v not_o give_v his_o corn._n if_o the_o cognizee_n have_v sow_v the_o land_n and_o the_o cognizor_n bring_v a_o scire_fw-la he_o may_v give_v the_o corn_n sow_v if_o a_o man_n devise_v omne_fw-la bona_fw-la &_o cattalla_n hawk_n nor_o hound_n do_v not_o pass_v nor_o the_o deer_n in_o the_o park_n nor_o the_o fish_n in_o the_o pond_n chap._n xlvii_o executor_n a_o executor_n be_v he_o that_o be_v name_v and_o appoint_v by_o the_o testator_n to_o be_v his_o successor_n in_o his_o stead_n to_o enter_v and_o to_o have_v his_o good_n and_o chattel_n to_o use_v action_n against_o his_o debtor_n and_o legacy_n so_o far_o as_o his_o good_n and_o chattel_n will_v extend_v where_o two_o executor_n be_v make_v and_o one_o do_v prove_v the_o will_n and_o the_o other_o do_v refuse_v notwithstanding_o he_o that_o refuse_v may_v administer_v at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o the_o other_o must_v name_v he_o in_o every_o action_n for_o every_o duty_n due_a to_o the_o testator_n and_o his_o release_n shall_v be_v a_o good_a bar_n if_o he_o do_v survive_v he_o may_v administer_v and_o not_o the_o executor_n of_o he_o that_o die_v but_o otherwise_o if_o all_o have_v refuse_v if_o one_o prove_v the_o will_n in_o the_o name_n of_o both_o he_o that_o do_v not_o administer_v shall_v not_o be_v charge_v if_o the_o executor_n do_v once_o any_o action_n that_o be_v proper_a to_o a_o executor_n as_o to_o receive_v the_o testator_n debt_n or_o to_o give_v acquittance_n for_o the_o same_o etc._n etc._n he_o may_v not_o refuse_v but_o other_o act_n of_o charity_n or_o humanity_n he_o may_v do_v as_o to_o dispose_v of_o the_o testator_n good_n about_o the_o funeral_n to_o feed_v his_o cattle_n lest_o they_o perish_v or_o to_o keep_v his_o good_n lest_o they_o be_v steal_v these_o thing_n may_v every_o one_o do_v without_o danger_n when_o executor_n do_v bring_v a_o action_n it_o shall_v be_v in_o all_o their_o name_n aswell_o of_o they_o that_o do_v refuse_v as_o of_o other_o but_o a_o action_n must_v be_v bring_v against_o he_o that_o do_v administer_v only_o and_o he_o which_o first_o come_v shall_v first_o answer_v a_o executor_n of_o a_o executor_n be_v executor_n to_o the_o first_o testator_n and_o shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n account_n etc._n etc._n or_o trespass_n as_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o first_o testator_n carry_v away_o and_o execution_n of_o statute_n and_o recognizance_n etc._n etc._n st._n 25._o ed._n 5._o the_o title_n and_o interest_n of_o a_o executor_n be_v by_o the_o testament_n and_o not_o by_o the_o probate_n but_o without_o show_v it_o they_o may_v release_v the_o probate_n the_o justice_n will_v not_o allow_v they_o tosue_v action_n the_o executor_n shall_v have_v the_o wardship_n of_o the_o body_n and_o land_n of_o the_o ward_n in_o knight_n service_n but_o not_o in_o soccage_n and_o lease_n for_o year_n and_o rend_v charge_n for_o year_n statute_n recognizance_n bond_n land_n in_o execution_n corn_n upon_o the_o ground_n gold_n silver_n plate_n jewel_n money_n debt_n cattle_n and_o all_o other_o good_n and_o chattel_n of_o the_o testator_n if_o they_o be_v not_o devise_v and_o may_v devise_v they_o but_o if_o he_o do_v will_n omne_fw-la bona_fw-la &_o cattallasua_n the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n pass_v not_o neither_o shall_v they_o be_v forfeit_v by_o the_o executor_n a_o executor_n be_v chargeable_a for_o all_o duty_n of_o the_o testator_n that_o be_v certain_a but_o not_o for_o trespass_n nor_o for_o receipt_n of_o rent_n nor_o for_o occupation_n of_o land_n as_o bailiff_n or_o guardian_n in_o soccage_n etc._n etc._n for_o this_o be_v not_o any_o duty_n certain_a so_o far_o as_o he_o shall_v have_v asset_n if_o the_o executor_n do_v waste_v the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n he_o shall_v pay_v they_o of_o his_o own_o a_o executor_n shall_v not_o be_v charge_v but_o with_o such_o good_n as_o come_v to_o his_o hand_n but_o if_o a_o stranger_n take_v they_o out_o of_o his_o possession_n they_o be_v asset_n in_o his_o hand_n if_o a_o executor_n take_v good_n of_o another_o man_n among_o the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n he_o shall_v be_v excuse_v of_o the_o take_n in_o trespass_n duty_n by_o matter_n of_o record_n shall_v be_v satisfy_v before_o duty_n by_o specialty_n and_o duty_n by_o specialty_n before_o charge_n and_o legacy_n before_o other_o duty_n a_o executor_n may_v pay_v a_o debt_n or_o credit_n of_o some_o kind_n depend_v the_o writ_n before_o notice_n of_o the_o action_n but_o not_o after_o notice_n or_o issue_n join_v a_o executor_n may_v pay_v debt_n with_o his_o own_o money_n and_o retain_v so_o much_o of_o the_o testator_n good_n but_o not_o land_n appoint_v to_o be_v sell_v any_o of_o these_o word_n debere_fw-la solvere_fw-la recipere_fw-la borrow_v or_o any_o word_n that_o will_v prove_v a_o man_n a_o debtor_n or_o to_o have_v the_o money_n if_o it_o be_v by_o bill_n will_v charge_v the_o executor_n or_o administrator_n but_o not_o the_o heir_n if_o he_o be_v not_o name_v chap._n xlviii_o adninistrator_n a_o administrator_n be_v he_o to_o who_o the_o ordinary_a of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o intestate_a dwell_v commit_v the_o testator_n good_n chattel_n credit_n and_o right_n for_o wheresoever_o a_o man_n die_v intestate_a either_o for_o that_o he_o be_v so_o negligent_a he_o make_v no_o testament_n or_o make_v such_o a_o executor_n as_o refuse_v to_o prove_v it_o or_o otherwise_o be_v of_o no_o force_n the_o ordinary_a may_v commit_v the_o administration_n of_o his_o good_n to_o the_o widow_n or_o next_o of_o kin_n or_o to_o both_o which_o he_o please_v make_v request_n and_o revoke_v it_o again_o at_o his_o pleasure_n the_o ordinary_n may_v assign_v also_o a_o tutor_n to_o the_o intestates_fw-la child_n to_o his_o son_n until_o twelve_o year_n but_o so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o prejudice_n to_o he_o that_o be_v the_o guardian_n and_o after_o those_o year_n he_o or_o she_o may_v respective_o choose_v their_o own_o curator_n and_o the_o guardian_n may_v confirm_v they_o if_o there_o be_v not_o good_a order_n take_v by_o their_o father_n will._n as_o if_o such_o a_o tutor_n die_v the_o infant_n can_v have_v a_o action_n of_o account_n against_o his_o executor_n the_o power_n and_o charge_n of_o a_o administrator_n
to_o their_o intent_n and_o not_o in_o so_o precise_a a_o form_n as_o grant_n or_o plead_n but_o as_o verdict_n yet_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o matter_n ought_v to_o appear_v either_o by_o express_a word_n or_o by_o word_n equivalent_a or_o by_o those_o that_o do_v amount_v thereunto_o but_o it_o be_v good_a that_o award_v be_v draw_v up_o by_o some_o that_o be_v skilful_a for_o the_o avoid_n of_o controversy_n which_o otherwise_o may_v arise_v about_o the_o same_o agreement_n a_o agreement_n be_v make_v between_o the_o party_n themselves_o there_o must_v be_v a_o satisfaction_n make_v to_o either_o party_n present_o or_o remedy_n for_o the_o recompense_n or_o else_o it_o be_v but_o a_o endeavour_n to_o agree_v tender_v of_o money_n without_o payment_n or_o agreement_n to_o pay_v money_n at_o a_o day_n to_o come_v be_v not_o any_o satisfaction_n before_o the_o day_n be_v come_v and_o the_o money_n be_v pay_v it_o can_v be_v plead_v in_o bar_n in_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o that_o as_o the_o other_o party_n have_v no_o mean_n to_o compel_v the_o other_o to_o pay_v the_o money_n so_o he_o may_v refuse_v it_o at_o the_o day_n if_o he_o will_v otherwise_o in_o a_o arbitrament_n but_o money_n pay_v at_o a_o day_n before_o the_o action_n bring_v be_v a_o good_a plea._n finis_fw-la a_o treatise_n of_o particular_a estate_n write_a by_o sir_n john_n doddridge_n knight_n london_n print_v anno._n dom._n 1651._o a_o treatise_n of_o particular_a estate_n particular_a estate_n a_o particular_a estate_n be_v such_o as_o be_v derive_v from_o a_o general_a estate_n by_o separation_n of_o one_o from_o the_o other_o as_o if_o a_o man_n seize_v in_o fee_n simple_a of_o land_n or_o tenement_n do_v thereof_o cheat_v by_o gift_n or_o grant_v a_o â—state_n tail_n or_o by_o demise_n a_o lease_n for_o life_n or_o â—…y_a estate_n for_o year_n these_o be_v in_o the_o donee_n or_o leasee_v particular_a estate_n in_o possession_n derive_v â—nd_o separate_v from_o the_o fee_n simple_a in_o the_o deâ—…nor_n or_o leasor_n in_o reversion_n also_o if_o land_n be_v demise_v to_o a._n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o b._n and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n the_o remainder_n to_o c._n and_o his_o heir_n the_o estate_n for_o life_n limit_v to_o a._n the_o estate_n tail_n limit_v to_o b._n be_v particular_a estate_n derive_v ut_fw-la supra_fw-la and_o separate_v in_o interest_n from_o the_o fee_n simple_a the_o remainder_n give_v to_o c._n albeit_o the_o same_o remainder_n do_v depend_v upon_o those_o particular_a estate_n and_o of_o particular_a estate_n some_o be_v create_v by_o agreement_n between_o the_o party_n and_o the_o particular_a estate_n before_o specify_v and_o some_o by_o act_n of_o law_n as_o the_o state_n in_o tail_n apres_fw-fr possibility_n de_fw-fr issue_n extinct_a estate_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o england_n dower_n and_o wardship_n for_o albeit_o a_o estate_n in_o dower_n be_v not_o complete_a until_o it_o be_v assign_v which_o oftentime_n be_v do_v by_o assent_n and_o agreement_n between_o party_n yet_o because_o the_o party_n that_o so_o assign_v the_o same_o be_v compellable_n so_o to_o do_v by_o coarse_n of_o law_n that_o estate_n be_v also_o say_v to_o be_v create_v by_o law_n also_o a_o estate_n at_o will_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o particular_a estate_n but_o yet_o not_o such_o as_o make_v any_o division_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o lessor_n be_v seize_v for_o notwithstanding_o such_o a_o estate_n the_o lessor_n be_v seize_v of_o the_o land_n in_o this_o demeâ—…sure_n as_o for_o fee_n in_o possession_n and_o not_o in_o reversion_n also_o a_o estate_n at_o will_n be_v not_o such_o particular_a estate_n whereupon_o a_o remainder_n may_v depend_v but_o of_o all_o the_o estate_n before_o mention_v many_o fruitful_a rule_n and_o observation_n be_v both_o general_o and_o particular_o so_o lively_o set_v forth_o by_o the_o say_a mr._n littleton_n in_o the_o 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6_o 7_o and_o 8._o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n which_o be_v extant_a as_o well_o in_o english_a as_o in_o french_a whereunto_o i_o refer_v you_o possession_n it_o be_v further_a to_o be_v observe_v that_o all_o estate_n that_o have_v their_o be_v be_v in_o possession_n reversion_n remainder_n or_o in_o right_n but_o of_o all_o these_o possession_n be_v the_o principal_a there_o be_v two_o degree_n of_o the_o first_o and_o chief_a possession_n in_o fait_fw-fr poss_n in_o law_n or_o deed_n be_v such_o as_o be_v before_o speak_v of_o and_o that_o be_v most_o proper_a to_o a_o estate_n which_o be_v present_a and_o immediate_a but_o yet_o such_o possession_n of_o the_o immediate_a estate_n if_o it_o be_v not_o great_a than_o a_o term_n do_v operate_v and_o enure_v to_o make_v the_o like_a possession_n of_o the_o freehold_n or_o reversion_n when_o a_o man_n be_v say_v to_o have_v a_o term_n it_o be_v to_o be_v intend_v for_o year_n when_o it_o be_v say_v a_o man_n to_o have_v the_o fee_n of_o land_n it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v intend_v a_o fee_n simple_a possession_n be_v that_o possession_n which_o the_o law_n itself_o cast_v upon_o a_o man_n before_o any_o entry_n or_o pernancy_n of_o the_o profit_n as_o if_o there_o be_v father_n and_o son_n and_o the_o father_n die_v seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n and_o the_o same_o do_v descend_v to_o the_o son_n as_o his_o next_o heir_n in_o this_o case_n before_o any_o entry_n the_o same_o have_v a_o possession_n in_o law_n so_o it_o be_v also_o of_o a_o reversion_n exportant_fw-la or_o a_o remainder_n dependent_a upon_o particular_a estate_n or_o life_n in_o which_o case_n if_o tenant_n for_o life_n die_v he_o in_o reversion_n or_o remainder_n before_o his_o entry_n have_v only_o possession_n in_o law_n all_o manner_n of_o possession_n that_o be_v not_o possession_n in_o fait_fw-fr be_v only_a possession_n in_o law_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v then_o if_o a_o man_n have_v a_o great_a estate_n in_o land_n then_o for_o year_n the_o proper_a phrase_n of_o speech_n be_v that_o he_o be_v thereof_o seize_v but_o if_o it_o be_v for_o year_n only_o than_o he_o be_v thereof_o possess_v but_o yet_o nevertheless_o the_o substantive_n possession_n be_v proper_a as_o well_o to_o the_o one_o as_o to_o the_o other_o reversion_n a_o reversion_n be_v proper_o a_o estate_n which_o the_o law_n reserve_v to_o the_o donor_n grantor_n or_o lessor_n or_o such_o like_a which_o he_o do_v dispose_v parcel_n of_o his_o estate_n when_o he_o do_v dispose_v less_o estate_n in_o law_n then_o that_o whereof_o he_o be_v seize_v at_o the_o time_n of_o such_o disposition_n as_o if_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n do_v give_v the_o same_o to_o another_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n or_o if_o he_o do_v dismiss_v the_o same_o for_o life_n or_o year_n in_o these_o case_n the_o same_o reserve_v the_o reversion_n thereof_o in_o fee_n to_o the_o donor_n or_o lessor_n and_o his_o heir_n because_o he_o depart_v not_o with_o his_o whole_a estate_n but_o only_o with_o a_o particular_a estate_n which_o be_v less_o than_o his_o estate_n in_o fee_n and_o such_o reversion_n be_v say_v to_o be_v expectance_n upon_o the_o particular_a estate_n also_o if_o he_o that_o be_v but_o tenant_n for_o life_n for_o land_n and_o do_v by_o deed_n or_o paroll_n give_v the_o same_o s._n in_o tail_n or_o for_o term_v of_o his_o life_n which_o be_v a_o great_a estate_n than_o he_o may_v lawful_o dispose_v in_o this_o case_n the_o law_n reserve_v a_o reversion_n in_o fee_n in_o such_o donor_n though_o he_o be_v former_o but_o tenant_n for_o life_n and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o be_v for_o that_o by_o such_o unlawful_a disposition_n which_o by_o deed_n or_o word_n can_v be_v without_o livery_n and_o seisin_n he_o do_v by_o wrong_n pluck_v out_o the_o rightful_a state_n in_o fee_n from_o he_o that_o be_v thereof_o former_o seize_v in_o reversion_n or_o remainder_n and_o thereof_o by_o a_o priority_n of_o time_n gain_v in_o a_o instance_n he_o be_v seize_v of_o a_o fee_n simple_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o executon_n thereof_o but_o if_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n simple_a give_v the_o same_o to_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n until_o b._n do_v die_v without_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n in_o this_o case_n the_o law_n reserve_v no_o reversion_n in_o the_o donor_n because_o the_o state_n be_v dispose_v to_o a._n be_v a_o fee_n simple_a determinable_a be_v in_o nature_n so_o great_a as_o the_o state_n which_o the_o donor_n have_v at_o the_o time_n of_o such_o gift_n and_o consequent_o he_o depart_v thereby_o with_o all_o his_o state_n and_o thereby_o a_o apparent_a difference_n be_v between_o a_o gift_n make_v to_o a._n and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o own_o body_n and_o a_o gift_n make_v