realm_n to_o do_v justice_n show_v mercy_n keep_v peace_n and_o unity_n etc._n etc._n the_o king_n be_v enable_v to_o perform_v this_o great_a and_o weighty_a office_n by_o certain_a extraordinary_a power_n and_o privilege_n which_o he_o hold_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n or_o by_o statute_n the_o regalia_z were_z ancient_o call_v sacra_fw-la sacrorum_fw-la as_o his_o land_n be_v call_v in_o law_n patrimoniâ—â—_n sâ—câ—â—â—_n now_o common_o royal_a prerogative_n the_o king_n be_v principium_fw-la capâ—â—_n &_o â—inis_fw-la parliâ—menti_fw-la may_v of_o his_o mere_a will_n and_o pleasure_n convoke_v adjourn_v remove_v and_o dissolve_v parliament_n he_o may_v to_o any_o bill_n that_o be_v pass_v by_o both_o house_n of_o parliament_n refuse_v to_o give_v his_o royal_a assent_n without_o render_v a_o reason_n and_o without_o his_o assent_n a_o bill_n be_v as_o a_o â—ody_n without_o a_o soul_n he_o may_v at_o his_o pleasure_n increase_v the_o number_n of_o the_o member_n of_o both_o house_n by_o create_v more_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o bestow_v privilege_n upon_o any_o other_o town_n to_o send_v burgelle_n by_o writ_n to_o parliament_n and_o he_o may_v refuse_v to_o send_v his_o writ_n to_o some_o other_o that_o have_v sit_v in_o former_a parliament_n he_o have_v alone_o the_o choice_n and_o nomination_n of_o all_o commander_n and_o officer_n for_o land_n and_o sea-service_n the_o choice_n and_o election_n of_o all_o magistrate_n counsellor_n and_o officer_n of_o state_n of_o all_o bishop_n and_o other_o ecclesiastic_a dignity_n also_o the_o bestow_n and_o confer_v of_o honour_n and_o the_o power_n of_o determine_v reward_n and_o punishment_n by_o letter_n patent_n his_o majesty_n may_v erect_v new_a county_n university_n bishopric_n city_n borough_n college_n hospital_n school_n fair_n market_n court_n of_o judicature_n forest_n chase_n free_a warrens_n etc._n etc._n the_o king_n by_o his_o prerogative_n have_v power_n to_o enfranchise_v a_o alien_n and_o make_v he_o a_o denizen_n whereby_o he_o be_v enable_v to_o purchase_v land_n and_o house_n and_o to_o bear_v office_n he_o have_v the_o power_n to_o grant_v letter_n of_o mart_n or_o reprisal_n to_o grant_v safe_a conduct_n etc._n etc._n he_o have_v at_o all_o time_n have_v the_o right_n of_o purveyance_n or_o preemption_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o victual_n within_o the_o verge_n viz._n twelve_o mile_n round_o of_o the_o court_n and_o to_o take_v horse_n cart_n ship_n or_o boat_n for_o the_o carriage_n of_o his_o good_n at_o reasonable_a rate_n also_o by_o proclamation_n to_o set_v reasonable_a rate_n and_o price_n upon_o flesh_n fish_n fowl_n oat_n hay_o etc._n etc._n sell_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o verge_n of_o the_o court_n in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o progress_n debt_n due_a to_o the_o king_n be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o be_v satisfy_v in_o case_n of_o executorship_n and_o administratorship_n and_o until_o the_o king_n debt_n be_v satisfy_v he_o may_v protect_v the_o debtor_n from_o the_o arrest_n of_o other_o creditor_n he_o may_v distrein_o for_o the_o whole_a rent_n upon_o one_o tenant_n that_o hold_v not_o the_o whole_a land_n he_o may_v require_v the_o ancestor_n debt_n of_o the_o heir_n though_o not_o especial_o bind_v he_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o demand_v his_o rent_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o landlord_n he_o may_v distrein_o where_o he_o please_v and_o sue_v in_o any_o of_o his_o court_n no_o proclamation_n can_v be_v make_v but_o by_o the_o king_n no_o protection_n for_o a_o defendant_n to_o obstruct_v the_o course_n of_o the_o law_n against_o he_o if_o he_o be_v not_o one_o of_o his_o majesty_n menial_a servant_n in_o case_n of_o loss_n by_o fire_n or_o otherwise_o his_o majesty_n grant_v patent_n to_o receive_v the_o charitable_a benevolence_n of_o the_o people_n no_o forest_n chase_n or_o park_n to_o be_v make_v nor_o castle_n fort_n or_o tower_n to_o be_v build_v without_o his_o majesty_n especial_a licence_n where_o the_o king_n have_v grant_v a_o fair_a with_o toll_n to_o be_v pay_v yet_o his_o good_n shall_v be_v there_o exempt_v from_o the_o say_a duty_n of_o toll_n his_o servant_n in_o ordinary_a be_v privilege_v from_o serve_v in_o any_o office_n that_o require_v their_o attendance_n as_o sheriff_n constable_n churchwarden_n or_o the_o like_a all_o receiver_n of_o money_n for_o the_o king_n or_o accomptant_n to_o he_o for_o any_o of_o his_o revenue_n their_o person_n land_n good_n heir_n executor_n and_o administrator_n be_v at_o all_o time_n chargeable_a for_o the_o same_o for_o nullum_fw-la tempus_fw-la occurrit_fw-la regi_fw-la his_o debtor_n have_v a_o kind_n of_o prerogative_n remedy_n by_o a_o quo_fw-la minus_fw-la in_o the_o exchequer_n against_o all_o other_o debtor_n or_o against_o who_o they_o have_v any_o cause_n of_o personal_a action_n suppose_v that_o he_o be_v thereby_o disable_v to_o pay_v the_o king_n and_o in_o this_o suit_n the_o king_n debtor_n be_v plaintiff_n have_v some_o privilege_n above_o other_o in_o doubtful_a case_n semper_fw-la praesumitur_fw-la pro_fw-la rege_fw-la no_o statute_n restrain_v the_o king_n except_o he_o be_v especial_o name_v therein_o the_o quality_n of_o his_o person_n alter_v the_o descent_n of_o gavelkind_n the_o rule_n of_o joint_a tenancy_n no_o estoppel_n can_v bind_v he_o nor_o judgement_n final_a in_o a_o writ_n of_o right_o judgement_n enter_v against_o the_o king_n title_n be_v enter_v with_o salvo_n jure_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la that_o if_o at_o any_o time_n the_o king_n counsel_n at_o law_n can_v make_v out_o his_o title_n better_o that_o jugment_v shall_v not_o prejudice_v he_o which_o be_v not_o permit_v the_o subject_a the_o king_n by_o his_o prerogative_n may_v demand_v reasonable_a ayd-money_n of_o his_o subject_n for_o the_o knight_v his_o elder_a son_n at_o the_o age_n of_o fifteen_o year_n and_o to_o marry_v his_o elder_a daughter_n at_o the_o age_n of_o seven_o year_n which_o aid_n be_v 20_o s._n for_o every_o knight_n fee_n and_o as_o much_o for_o every_o 20_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la in_o soccage_n moreover_o if_o the_o king_n be_v take_v prisoner_n ayd-money_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o subject_n for_o his_o redemption_n the_o king_n upon_o reasonable_a cause_n he_o thereunto_o move_v may_v protect_v any_o of_o his_o subject_n from_o suit_n of_o law_n etc._n etc._n in_o all_o case_n where_o the_o king_n be_v party_n his_o officer_n with_o a_o arrest_n by_o force_n of_o a_o process_n at_o law_n may_v enter_v and_o if_o any_o entrance_n be_v deny_v may_v break_v open_a the_o house_n of_o any_o man_n by_o force_n a_o benefice_n or_o spiritual_a live_n be_v not_o full_a against_o the_o king_n by_o institution_n only_o without_o induction_n although_o it_o be_v so_o against_o a_o subject_a none_o but_o the_o king_n can_v hold_v plea_n of_o false_a judgement_n in_o the_o court_n of_o his_o tenant_n the_o king_n by_o his_o prerogative_n be_v summus_n regui_fw-la custos_fw-la and_o have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o person_n and_o estate_n of_o such_o as_o for_o want_v of_o understanding_n can_v govern_v themselves_o or_o serve_v the_o king_n that_o of_o idiot_n to_o his_o own_o use_n and_o that_o of_o lunatic_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o next_o heir_n so_o the_o custody_n or_o wardship_n of_o all_o such_o infant_n who_o ancestor_n hold_v their_o land_n by_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o knight_n service_n be_v ever_o since_o the_o conquest_n in_o the_o king_n to_o the_o great_a honour_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n but_o abuse_n which_o too_o often_o happen_v make_v the_o people_n complain_v thereof_o which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o its_o lay_v aside_o his_o majesty_n be_v vlâ—imus_fw-la haeres_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o be_v as_o the_o great_a ocean_n be_v of_o small_a river_n the_o receptacle_n of_o all_o estate_n for_o want_n of_o heir_n or_o by_o forfeiture_n revert_v or_o escheat_n to_o the_o king_n all_o spiritual_a benefice_n for_o want_v of_o presentation_n in_o due_a time_n by_o the_o bishop_n be_v elapse_v to_o the_o king_n all_o treasure_n trove_v that_o be_v money_n or_o gold_n and_o silver_n plate_n or_o bullion_n find_v and_o the_o owner_n unknown_a belong_v to_o the_o king_n so_o do_v all_o waif_n stray_n wreck_n not_o grant_v away_o by_o he_o or_o any_o former_a king_n all_o waste_a ground_n or_o land_n recover_v from_o the_o sea_n all_o land_n of_o alien_n die_v before_o naturalisation_n or_o denization_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n whereof_o the_o property_n be_v not_o know_v all_o gold_n and_o silver_n mine_n in_o who_o ground_n soever_o they_o be_v find_v royal_a fish_n as_o whale_n sturgeon_n dolphin_n etc._n etc._n royal_a fowl_n as_o swan_n not_o mark_v and_o swim_v at_o liberty_n on_o the_o river_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n in_o the_o church_n the_o king_n prerogative_n and_o power_n be_v
authority_n of_o parliament_n make_v in_o the_o eleven_o of_o king_n edward_n aforesaid_a and_o therefore_o to_o supply_v that_o defect_n in_o the_o five_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o he_o be_v create_v duke_n of_o cornwall_n by_o special_a charter_n elizabeth_n elder_a daughter_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o be_v not_o a_o duchess_n of_o cornwall_n although_o she_o be_v the_o firstbegotten_a daughter_n of_o edward_n the_o four_o for_o the_o limitation_n be_v to_o the_o first-begotten_a son_n henry_n the_o eight_o be_v not_o in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n king_n henry_n the_o seven_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o elder_a brother_n arthur_n duke_n of_o cornwall_n by_o force_n of_o the_o say_a creation_n for_o although_o he_o be_v sole_a heir_n apparent_a yet_o he_o be_v not_o his_o elder_a begotten_a son_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o stamford_n a_o learned_a judge_n have_v be_v that_o he_o shall_v have_v within_o his_o dukedom_n of_o cornwall_n the_o king_n prerogative_n because_o it_o be_v not_o sever_v from_o the_o crown_n after_o the_o form_n as_o it_o be_v give_v for_o none_o shall_v be_v inheritor_n thereof_o but_o the_o king_n be_v of_o the_o realm_n for_o example_n whereas_o by_o common_a law_n if_o a_o man_n hold_v divers_a manor_n or_o other_o land_n or_o tenement_n of_o divers_a lord_n all_o by_o knight_n service_n some_o part_n by_o priority_n and_o ancient_a feoffment_n and_o other_o land_n by_o posterity_n and_o a_o late_a feoffment_n and_o the_o tenant_n so_o seize_v die_v and_o his_o son_n and_o heir_n within_o age_n in_o this_o case_n the_o custody_n and_o wardship_n of_o the_o body_n and_o his_o marriage_n may_v not_o be_v divide_v among_o all_o the_o lord_n but_o one_o of_o they_o only_o shall_v have_v right_a unto_o it_o because_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n be_v entire_a and_o therefore_o the_o law_n do_v say_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o who_o some_o part_n of_o those_o land_n be_v hold_v by_o priority_n and_o by_o the_o same_o tenure_n of_o chivalry_n shall_v have_v it_o except_o the_o king_n be_v any_o of_o the_o lord_n for_o than_o though_o the_o tenant_n do_v purchase_v that_o land_n last_o yet_o after_o his_o death_n the_o king_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o any_o of_o the_o other_o lord_n of_o who_o the_o tenant_n do_v hold_v the_o priority_n and_o so_o shall_v the_o duke_n of_o cornwall_n in_o the_o same_o case_n have_v the_o prerogative_n if_o his_o tenant_n die_v hold_v of_o he_o but_o by_o posterity_n of_o feoffment_n for_o any_o tenure_n of_o his_o duchy_n of_o cornwall_n although_o the_o same_o duke_n be_v not_o seize_v of_o any_o particular_a estate_n whereof_o the_o reversion_n remain_v in_o the_o king_n for_o the_o prince_n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n of_o his_o dukedom_n as_o beforesaid_a john_n of_o gaunt_n the_o four_o son_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o take_v to_o wife_n blanch_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o henry_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n who_o have_v issue_n henry_n king_n of_o england_n so_o that_o the_o say_a duchy_n of_o lancaster_n do_v come_v unto_o the_o say_v henry_n by_o descent_n from_o the_o party_n of_o his_o mother_n and_o be_v a_o subject_a he_o be_v to_o observe_v the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o all_o thing_n concern_v his_o duchy_n for_o if_o he_o will_v depart_v in_o fee_n with_o any_o thereof_o he_o must_v have_v make_v livery_n and_o seisin_n or_o if_o he_o have_v make_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n reserve_v rend_v with_o a_o reentry_n for_o default_n of_o payment_n and_o the_o rent_n happen_v to_o be_v behind_o the_o duke_n may_v not_o enter_v without_o make_v his_o demand_n or_o if_o he_o have_v alienate_v any_o part_n thereof_o whilst_o he_o be_v within_o age_n he_o may_v defeat_v the_o purchaser_n for_o that_o cause_n and_o if_o he_o will_v grant_v a_o reversion_n of_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n or_o year_n in_o be_v there_o must_v also_o be_v attornment_n or_o else_o the_o grant_n do_v not_o take_v effect_n but_o after_o that_o he_o have_v depose_v king_n richard_n the_o second_o and_o do_v assume_v the_o royal_a estate_n and_o so_o have_v conjoin_v his_o natural_a body_n in_o the_o body_n politic_a of_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o so_o be_v become_v king_n then_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n be_v in_o he_o as_o king_n but_o not_o as_o duke_n which_o degree_n of_o dignity_n be_v swallow_v up_o in_o that_o of_o the_o king_n for_o the_o lesser_a must_v always_o give_v place_n to_o the_o great_a and_o likewise_o the_o name_n of_o the_o duchy_n and_o the_o franchise_n liberty_n and_o jurisdiction_n thereof_o when_o in_o the_o king_n hand_n be_v by_o the_o common_a law_n extinct_a and_o after_o that_o time_n the_o possession_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n can_v not_o pass_v from_o henry_n the_o four_o by_o livery_n of_o seisin_n but_o by_o his_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n without_o livery_n of_o seisin_n and_o with_o attornment_n and_o if_o he_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n be_v duke_n reserve_v a_o rent_n with_o a_o reentry_n for_o default_n of_o payment_n and_o after_o his_o assumption_n of_o the_o crown_n his_o rent_n happen_v to_o be_v unpaid_a he_o may_v re-enter_a without_o demand_n for_o the_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o such_o personal_a ceremony_n as_o his_o subject_n be_v therefore_o to_o have_v the_o say_a duchy_n to_o be_v still_o a_o duchy_n with_o the_o liberty_n to_o the_o same_o as_o it_o be_v beâ—ore_o and_o to_o alter_v the_o order_n and_o degree_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o duchy_n from_o the_o crown_n the_o say_a king_n henry_n the_o four_o make_v a_o charter_n by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v entitle_v charta_fw-la regis_fw-la hen._n 4._o de_fw-la separatione_fw-la lancastriae_fw-la à _fw-la corona_fw-la authoritate_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la primo_fw-la as_o by_o the_o tenor_n thereof_o may_v appear_v and_o so_o by_o authority_n of_o that_o parliament_n the_o say_a duchy_n with_o all_o the_o franchise_n and_o liberty_n be_v mere_o resign_v from_o the_o crown_n and_o from_o the_o minister_n and_o officer_n thereof_o and_o from_o the_o order_n to_o pass_v by_o such_o conveyance_n which_o the_o law_n do_v require_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n but_o now_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o duchy_n by_o force_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n stand_v divide_v from_o the_o crown_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v demean_v and_o order_v and_o pass_v as_o they_o do_v before_o henry_n the_o four_o be_v king_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o clause_n in_o the_o charter_n which_o do_v make_v the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n who_o have_v the_o duchy_n in_o any_o other_o degree_n than_o it_o be_v before_o but_o thing_n concern_v his_o pleasure_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o same_o estate_n as_o they_o be_v before_o such_o separation_n insomuch_o as_o if_o the_o law_n before_o the_o charter_n by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n adjudge_v the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n always_o of_o full_a age_n have_v regard_n unto_o his_o gift_n as_o well_o of_o the_o land_n which_o he_o do_v inherit_v in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o crown_n or_o body_n politic_a it_o shall_v be_v so_o adjudge_v for_o the_o duchy_n land_n after_o the_o say_a statute_n for_o the_o statute_n do_v go_v and_o reach_v unto_o the_o estate_n order_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o duchy_n but_o do_v not_o extend_v unto_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n who_o have_v the_o land_n in_o point_n touch_v his_o person_n neither_o do_v that_o distinguish_v or_o alter_v the_o preeminence_n which_o the_o law_n do_v give_v to_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n for_o if_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o after_o the_o say_a act_n have_v make_v a_o lease_n or_o other_o grant_n of_o parcel_n of_o the_o duchy_n by_o the_o name_n of_o henry_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n only_o it_o have_v be_v void_a for_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o name_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o king_n of_o england_n and_o thus_o stand_v the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n sever_v from_o the_o crown_n all_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o henry_n the_o five_o and_o henry_n the_o six_o be_v politic_o make_v for_o the_o uphold_v of_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n their_o true_a and_o ancient_a inheritance_n however_o the_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n may_v in_o future_a time_n obtain_v his_o right_n thereunto_o as_o it_o happen_v in_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o time_n but_o after_o the_o say_a king_n edward_n obtain_v his_o right_n unto_o the_o crown_n in_o parliament_n he_o attaint_v henry_n the_o six_o and_o appropriate_v and_o annex_v the_o say_a duchy_n again_o to_o the_o crown_n as_o by_o the_o statute_n thereof_o make_v in_o the_o first_o of_o the_o king_n reign_n
there_o be_v none_o of_o the_o nobility_n but_o have_v sufficient_a freehold_n which_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v extend_v for_o their_o payment_n or_o satisfaction_n but_o a_o capias_fw-la or_o exigit_fw-la lie_v against_o a_o knight_n for_o the_o law_n have_v not_o that_o opinion_n of_o his_o freehold_n and_o if_o any_o of_o the_o nobility_n happen_v to_o be_v so_o wilful_a and_o not_o to_o appear_v the_o court_n will_v compel_v the_o sheriff_n to_o return_v great_a issue_n against_o he_o and_o so_o at_o every_o default_n to_o increase_v the_o issue_n as_o late_o against_o the_o earl_n of_o lincoln_n have_v be_v in_o practice_n by_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n before_o the_o come_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n many_o good_a law_n be_v make_v for_o keep_v the_o peace_n and_o among_o other_o that_o all_o above_o the_o age_n of_o twelve_o year_n shall_v be_v swear_v to_o the_o king_n which_o we_o in_o remembrance_n thereof_o do_v keep_v at_o this_o day_n in_o the_o view_n of_o frank_n pledge_v or_o the_o court_n leet_n but_o nobleman_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v neither_o bind_v to_o attend_v the_o court_n leet_n nor_o to_o take_v the_o oath_n as_o appear_v by_o britan._n c._n 29._o treat_v of_o the_o court_n call_v the_o sheriff_n turn_v out_o of_o which_o the_o leet_n to_o be_v extract_v and_o agreeable_a thereunto_o be_v the_o statute_n of_o marlbridge_n cap._n 10._o see_v the_o lord_n chancellor_n speech_n in_o the_o case_n of_o postnati_n fol._n 78._o if_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v in_o parliament_n upon_o a_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o high_a house_n alone_o without_o the_o commons_o be_v to_o examine_v the_o error_n ibid._n fol._n 22._o in_o the_o 11_o the_o of_o henry_n the_o four_o fol._n 26._o in_o a_o case_n concern_v a_o distress_n take_v for_o expense_n and_o fee_n the_o knight_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v not_o contributory_a for_o such_o land_n as_o be_v parcel_n of_o their_o ancient_a lordship_n and_o barony_n but_o for_o other_o land_n they_o be_v but_o there_o be_v a_o question_n make_v if_o one_o which_o be_v no_o baron_n but_o ignoble_a do_v purchase_v any_o ancient_a barony_n whether_o he_o shall_v be_v discharge_v of_o such_o expense_n and_o fee_n or_o not_o which_o be_v not_o worthy_a the_o question_n for_o as_o land_v hold_v by_o villainous_a service_n do_v not_o make_v he_o a_o villain_n or_o bondman_n which_o be_v free_a do_v purchase_v the_o same_o although_o by_o his_o tenure_n he_o shall_v be_v bind_v to_o do_v such_o villainous_a service_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n land_n that_o be_v hold_v by_o barony_n do_v not_o make_v the_o villain_n or_o ignoble_a which_o purchase_v the_o same_o to_o be_v noble_a although_o the_o charge_n of_o such_o tenure_n do_v lie_v upon_o he_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o service_n of_o the_o realm_n it_o be_v say_v in_o our_o book_n that_o a_o day_n of_o grace_n or_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o court_n be_v not_o to_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o any_o suit_n or_o action_n whereby_o a_o nobleman_n be_v defendant_n because_o thereby_o a_o nobleman_n shall_v be_v long_o delay_v than_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o the_o court_n be_v and_o such_o a_o lord_n be_v to_o have_v expedition_n of_o justice_n in_o respect_n that_o he_o be_v to_o attend_v the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o service_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o if_o there_o be_v no_o noble_a person_n to_o the_o suit_n the_o judge_n do_v and_o may_v at_o their_o discretion_n upon_o a_o motion_n grant_v a_o day_n more_o of_o grace_n otherwise_o than_o by_o the_o strict_a course_n of_o the_o law_n the_o plaintiff_n may_v challenge_v cambden_n f._n 169._o writing_n upon_o this_o subject_a say_v where_o a_o nobleman_n be_v demandant_n the_o defendant_n may_v not_o be_v assoyn_v for_o the_o delay_n and_o cause_v aforesaid_a to_o which_o i_o can_v also_o subscribe_v but_o that_o the_o book_n in_o the_o five_o of_o hen._n 4._o 15._o b._n be_v otherwise_o adjudge_v there_o the_o king_n bring_v a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la against_o a_o common_a person_n and_o the_o defendant_n be_v essoyn_v by_o a_o rule_n of_o court_n if_o any_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v plaintiff_n or_o defendant_n in_o any_o action_n real_a or_o personal_a against_a any_o other_o whereupon_o any_o issue_n be_v to_o be_v try_v by_o a_o jury_n the_o sheriff_n must_v return_v one_o knight_n at_o the_o least_o to_o be_v of_o the_o inquest_n otherwise_o upon_o challenge_n make_v the_o whole_a panel_n shall_v be_v quash_v which_o by_o order_n of_o the_o law_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v do_v for_o honour_n and_o reverence_v due_a to_o the_o person_n of_o that_o degree_n for_o when_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v party_n it_o be_v otherwise_o than_o when_o the_o suit_n be_v between_o private_a person_n f._n n._n b._n title_n challenge_v 115._o 13._o edward_n the_o three_o in_o a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la against_o a_o bishop_n adjudge_v but_o the_o earl_n of_o kent_n in_o the_o fourteen_o year_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n reign_n and_o the_o party_n do_v plead_v to_o a_o issue_n the_o venire_fw-la facias_fw-la be_v award_v which_o the_o sheriff_n do_v return_v â—â—rved_v and_o a_o panel_n return_v according_o in_o which_o be_v no_o knight_n name_v the_o truth_n of_o which_o case_n be_v that_o after_o the_o return_n make_v the_o demand_n be_v publish_v and_o demand_v by_o the_o queen_n and_o the_o herald_n to_o be_v earl_n of_o kent_n in_o right_n and_o descent_n although_o he_o have_v not_o be_v so_o repute_v or_o name_v before_o and_o also_o after_o that_o time_n that_o be_v to_o say_v at_o the_o then_o last_o parliament_n the_o tenant_n be_v make_v a_o baron_n by_o writ_n of_o parliament_n and_o then_o the_o jury_n do_v appear_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o kent_n do_v challenge_v the_o array_n because_o no_o knight_n be_v return_v but_o it_o be_v not_o allow_v he_o by_o the_o court_n for_o the_o admittance_n of_o both_o party_n be_v to_o the_o contrary_a and_o no_o default_n can_v be_v lay_v to_o the_o sheriff_n for_o he_o have_v no_o notice_n of_o the_o honourable_a estate_n of_o either_o of_o the_o party_n the_o demandant_n not_o be_v then_o know_v or_o repute_v to_o be_v a_o earl_n by_o descent_n or_o of_o the_o tenant_n then_o also_o be_v no_o baron_n how_o much_o the_o common_a law_n have_v always_o prohibit_v perpetuity_n in_o land_n and_o tenement_n you_o may_v see_v in_o corbet_n case_n in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o coke_n book_n fol._n 48._o and_o in_o many_o other_o case_n in_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o book_n as_o also_o littleton_n fol._n 145._o say_v it_o be_v a_o principle_n in_o the_o law_n that_o every_o land_n in_o feesimple_n may_v be_v charge_v with_o a_o rent_n but_o if_o the_o king_n majesty_n upon_o a_o creation_n of_o any_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o what_o degree_n soever_o do_v as_o the_o manner_n be_v by_o letter_n patent_n give_v unto_o any_o such_o new_a create_a nobleman_n a_o annuity_n or_o rent_n for_o the_o support_n of_o his_o degree_n which_o they_o call_v creation-money_n this_o be_v so_o annex_v to_o the_o dignity_n that_o by_o no_o grant_n assurance_n or_o any_o manner_n of_o alienation_n it_o can_v be_v give_v from_o the_o lord_n but_o be_v still_o incident_a and_o a_o support_n of_o the_o same_o creation_n in_o all_o case_n wherein_o be_v any_o suit_n a_o baron_n or_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v to_o be_v amerce_v no_o less_o than_o five_o pound_n but_o the_o amercement_n of_o a_o duke_n be_v one_o hundred_o pound_n although_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la chap._n 14._o be_v in_o the_o negative_a viz._n comites_fw-la &_o barones_n non_fw-la amercientur_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la pares_fw-la suos_fw-la &_o non_fw-la nisi_fw-la secundum_fw-la modum_fw-la delicti_fw-la yet_o use_n have_v reduce_v it_o into_o a_o certainty_n as_o also_o by_o the_o same_o statute_n it_o appear_v that_o such_o amercement_n shall_v be_v assess_v per_fw-la pares_fw-la suos_fw-la but_o that_o it_o be_v troublesome_a to_o assemble_v baron_n for_o so_o small_a a_o matter_n such_o amercement_n in_o time_n past_a have_v be_v assess_v by_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n who_o sometime_o be_v baron_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o be_v already_o take_v notice_n of_o and_o so_o write_v bracton_n lib._n 3._o tract_n cap._n 1._o fol._n 116.8_o whereas_o by_o statute_n 32_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 16._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o realm_n shall_v not_o keep_v in_o their_o house_n or_o family_n above_o the_o number_n of_o four_o stranger_n bear_v nevertheless_o by_o a_o proviso_n in_o the_o same_o act_n every_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n have_v this_o
again_o into_o the_o hall_n where_o he_o shall_v sit_v at_o table_n with_o the_o knight_n and_o be_v rise_v and_o retire_v into_o his_o chamber_n his_o attire_n be_v take_v off_o and_o again_o clothe_v with_o a_o blue_a robe_n have_v on_o his_o left_a shoulder_n a_o lace_n of_o white_a silk_n hang_v to_o be_v wear_v upon_o all_o his_o garment_n from_o that_o day_n forward_o till_o he_o have_v gain_v some_o honour_n and_o renown_n for_o some_o feat_n of_o arm_n or_o some_o prince_n or_o lady_n of_o quality_n cut_v that_o lace_n from_o his_o shoulder_n after_o dinner_n the_o knight_n must_v come_v to_o the_o knight_n and_o conduct_v he_o into_o the_o king_n presence_n to_o return_v he_o thanks_o for_o these_o honour_n and_o so_o take_v his_o leave_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o governor_n crave_v his_o pardon_n for_o any_o miscarriage_n and_o claim_v their_o fee_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o court_n also_o take_v their_o leaf_n of_o the_o knight_n i_o shall_v conclude_v this_o chapter_n with_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o knight_n make_v at_o the_o coronation_n of_o his_o majesty_n knight_n of_o the_o bath_n make_v at_o the_o coronation_n of_o his_o majesty_n king_n charles_n the_o second_o edward_n lord_n clinton_n now_o earl_n of_o lincoln_n john_n egerton_n viscount_n brackley_n elder_a son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o bridgwater_n sir_n philip_n herbert_n than_o second_o son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n sir_n william_n egerton_n second_o son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o bridgwater_n sir_n vere_n fane_n second_o son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o westmoreland_n sir_n charles_n berkley_n elder_a son_n to_o george_n lord_n berkley_n sir_n henry_n bellasis_n elder_a son_n to_o the_o lord_n bellasis_n sir_n henry_n hyde_n now_o earl_n of_o clarendon_n sir_n rowland_n bellasis_n brother_n to_o viscount_n faulconberg_n sir_n henry_n capell_n sir_n john_n vaughan_n now_o elder_a son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o carbery_n sir_n charles_n stanley_n grandchild_n to_o the_o late_a earl_n of_o derby_n sir_n francis_n fane_n sir_n henry_n fane_n grandchild_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o westmoreland_n sir_n william_n portman_n baronet_n sir_n richard_n temple_n baronet_n sir_n william_n ducy_n baronet_n sir_n thomas_n trevor_n baronet_n sir_n john_n scudamore_n baronet_n sir_n william_n gardiner_n baronet_n sir_n charles_n cornwallis_n afterward_o lord_n cornwallis_n sir_n john_n nicholas_n sir_n john_n monson_n sir_n bourcher_n wray_fw-fr sir_n john_n coventry_n sir_n edward_n hungerford_n sir_n john_n knevett_n sir_n philip_n boteler_n sir_n adrian_z scroop_z sir_n richard_n knightley_n sir_n henry_n heron._n sir_n john_n lewkenor_n sir_n george_n brown_n sir_n william_n tyrringhum_fw-la sir_n francis_n godolphin_n sir_n edward_n baynton_n sir_n greville_n verney_n sir_n edward_n harley_n sir_n edward_n walpool_n sir_n francis_n popham_n sir_n edward_n wise._n sir_n christopher_n calthrop_n sir_n richard_n edgcombe_n sir_n william_n bromley_n sir_n thomas_n bridges_n sir_n thomas_n fanshaw_n sir_n john_n denham_n sir_n nicholas_n bacon_n sir_n james_n altham_n sir_n thomas_n wendy_n sir_n john_n bramston_n sir_n george_n freeman_n sir_n nicholas_n slane_v sir_n richard_n ingoldsby_n sir_n john_n rolle_n sir_n edward_n heath_n sir_n william_n morley_n sir_n john_n bennet_n sir_n hugh_n smith_n sir_n simon_n leech_n sir_n henry_n chester_n sir_n robert_n atkyns_n now_o one_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o common_a pleas._n sir_n robert_n gayre_a sir_n richard_n poll_n sir_n hugh_n ducy_n sir_n stephen_n hales_n sir_n ralph_n bash._n sir_n thomas_n whitmore_n of_o knights_z bachelor_n with_o what_o be_v incident_a to_o that_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n chap._n xxi_o the_o particular_a kind_n of_o service_n by_o which_o land_n of_o inheritance_n be_v distinguish_v be_v two_o viz._n knight_n of_o service_n and_o knight_n of_o soccage_n and_o in_o ancient_a time_n tenure_n by_o knight_n service_n be_v call_v regale_n servitiâ—m_n because_o it_o be_v do_v to_o and_o for_o the_o king_n and_o realm_n and_o forinsecum_fw-la servitium_fw-la as_o appear_v in_o the_o 19_o edw._n 2._o avowry_n 224._o 26._o ass._n p._n 66._o 7._o hen._n 4._o 19_o coke_n seven_o part_n 8._o a._n calvin_n case_n because_o they_o who_o hold_v by_o escuage_z oughts_z to_z do_v and_o perform_v their_o service_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n litt._n 35._o &_o ideo_fw-la forinsecum_fw-la dici_fw-la potest_fw-la sit_fw-la quia_fw-la &_o capitur_fw-la foris_fw-la &_o hujusmodi_fw-la servitia_fw-la persolvuntur_fw-la ratione_fw-la tenementorum_fw-la &_o non_fw-la personarum_fw-la and_o as_o knights-service-land_n require_v the_o service_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o warfare_n and_o battle_n abroad_o so_o soccage-tenure_n command_v the_o attendance_n at_o the_o plough_n the_o one_o by_o manhood_n defend_v the_o king_n or_o his_o lord_n life_n and_o person_n the_o other_o by_o industry_n maintain_v with_o rent_n corn_n and_o victual_n his_o estate_n and_o family_n for_o king_n do_v thus_o order_v their_o own_o land_n and_o tenement_n one_o part_n they_o keep_v and_o detain_v in_o their_o own_o hand_n and_o in_o they_o stately_a house_n and_o castle_n be_v erect_v and_o make_v for_o their_o habitation_n and_o defence_n of_o their_o person_n and_o of_o the_o realm_n also_o forest_n and_o park_n be_v there_o make_v for_o their_o majesty_n recreation_n one_o other_o part_n thereof_o be_v give_v to_o the_o noble_n and_o other_o of_o their_o chivalry_n reserve_v tenure_n by_o knight_n service_n the_o three_o part_n be_v bestow_v upon_o man_n of_o mean_a condition_n and_o quality_n with_o reservation_n of_o soccage-tenure_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n the_o duke_n and_o noble_n among_o their_o menial_n and_o follower_n dissipate_v a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o land_n viz._n to_o their_o gentleman_n of_o quality_n to_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n and_o to_o other_o of_o mean_a condition_n by_o soccage-tenure_n the_o right_a honourable_a s._n joseph_n williams_z on_o of_o milbeck_n hall_n in_o cumberland_n knight_n one_o of_o his_o majesty_n principal_a secretary_n of_o state_n &c_n &c_n a._n the_o honourable_a sr._n robert_n atkins_n of_o totteridge_n in_o hertford_n shire_n and_o of_o sapperton_n in_o gloucester_n shire_n knight_n of_o the_o bath_n and_o one_o of_o his_o majesty_n justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n &c_n &c_n a._n sr._n john_n bennet_n of_o dawly_n in_o mid_a sx_o kt._n of_o the_o honorable_n order_n of_o the_o bath_n lieutenant_n to_o his_o majesty_n band_n of_o gentleman_n pensioner_n and_o elder_a brother_n to_o the_o rt._n honorable_n henry_n earl_n of_o arlington_n who_o be_v first_o marry_v to_o elizabeth_n countess_n of_o mulgrave_n daughter_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o mid_a sx_o and_o now_o to_o bridget_n how_o of_o the_o family_n of_o sr._n grubham_n howe_n sr._n robert_n southwell_n knight_n one_o of_o the_o clerk_n attend_v his_o majesty_n king_n charles_n the_o second_o in_o his_o most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n &câ—t_a &câ—t_a sr._n hugh_n wyndham_n of_o silton_n in_o dorsetshire_n kt._n one_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o common_a plea_n at_o westminster_n eight_o sonn_v of_o s._n john_n wyndham_n of_o orchard-wyndham_n in_o somersetshire_n kt_n who_o be_v lineal_o descend_v from_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o wyndhams_n of_o felbrigg_n in_o norfolk_n â—ownâ—r_v thereof_o sr._n thomas_n daniel_n of_o beswick_n in_o the_o east_n rideing_n of_o yorkshire_n kt._n major_a to_o his_o majesty_n regiment_n of_o foot_n guard_n and_o captain_n of_o his_o majesty_n archchiffe_n fort_n in_o dover_n sr._n thomas_n mompessonâ—_n ancient_o montpintsonâ—_n of_o bathampton_n in_o wiltshire_n knight_n a_o person_n of_o eminent_a loyalty_n and_o suffering_n in_o the_o late_a trouble_n who_o family_n have_v be_v of_o great_a antiquity_n in_o the_o say_a county_n sr._n thomas_n lynch_n of_o great_a sonkey_n in_o lancashire_n kt._n one_o of_o the_o gentleman_n of_o his_o matyâ—_n privy_a chamber_n in_o ordinary_a and_o late_a governor_n of_o his_o ma_n â—â—â—_o island_n of_o jamaica_n decend_v of_o the_o lincâ—â—s_n of_o grove_n in_o kent_n and_o be_v now_o marry_v to_o vere_n herbert_n 2_o daughter_n of_o sr._n edw_n herbert_n sometime_o lord_n keeper_n of_o the_o groâ—t_a seaâ—e_n sr._n william_n pelham_n of_o brocklesby_n in_o lincolnshire_n kt._n who_o grandfather_n sr._n william_n pelham_n of_o the_o say_a place_n kt._n who_o be_v descend_v of_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o pelham_n of_o langhtoniâ—â—_n sussex_v be_v employ_v under_o queen_n eliz_n in_o the_o office_n of_o l_o d_o chief_a justice_n of_o ireland_n martial_n of_o the_o english_a force_v sentinto_fw-la the_o love_fw-mi country_n mastâ—â—_n of_o her_o ordnanceâ—_n and_o one_o of_o her_o privy_a council_n sr_n thomas_n daviâ—s_v of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n knight_n ld._n maior_n thereof_o anno_fw-la 1677._o sr._n william_n prichard_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n kt._n and_o alderman_n now_o marry_v to_o sarah_n daughter_n of_o francis_n
to_o the_o party_n for_o so_o it_o be_v term_v in_o brook_n title_n addition_n 44._o but_o a_o honour_n to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o it_o have_v be_v a_o ancient_a prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n at_o their_o pleasure_n to_o compel_v man_n of_o worth_a to_o take_v upon_o they_o that_o degree_n upon_o payment_n of_o a_o fine_a but_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n in_o these_o day_n that_o none_o be_v compel_v thereunto_o and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n wherefore_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v knight_v have_v the_o writ_n it_o shall_v abate_v because_o he_o have_v change_v his_o name_n and_o that_o by_o his_o own_o act._n and_o for_o that_o cause_n also_o by_o the_o common_a law_n not_o only_o the_o king_n but_o every_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n ought_v to_o have_v of_o every_o of_o his_o tenant_n a_o reasonable_a aid_n to_o make_v his_o elder_a son_n a_o knight_n and_o all_o land_n be_v subject_a to_o these_o aid_n except_o only_o ancient_a demesne_n and_o grand_a and_o petty_a serjeanty-tenure_n as_o the_o law_n have_v â—een_n ancient_o deliver_v and_o in_o io._n shelden_n 131._o where_o also_o it_o be_v say_v one_o that_o write_v a_o little_a after_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n the_o first_o allow_v as_o a_o good_a bar_n to_o the_o avowry_n for_o the_o tenant_n to_o plead_v that_o the_o father_n himself_o be_v no_o knight_n so_o that_o one_o not_o knight_v can_v claim_v this_o aid_n of_o his_o tenant_n briâ—an_n cap._n the_o price_n the_o aver_v and_o it_o be_v at_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o lord_n to_o make_v more_o or_o less_o of_o his_o tenant_n by_o the_o common_a law_n in_o this_o case_n but_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n the_o first_o chap._n 35._o it_o be_v put_v in_o contrary_a viz._n forasmuch_o as_o before_o this_o time_n reasonable_a aid_n to_o make_v one_o son_n knight_n or_o to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n be_v never_o put_v in_o certain_a nor_o how_o much_o shall_v be_v take_v nor_o at_o what_o time_n whereby_o some_o levy_v unreasonable_a aid_n and_o more_o often_o than_o seem_v necessary_a whereby_o the_o people_n be_v sore_o grieve_v it_o be_v provide_v that_o from_o henceforth_o of_o a_o whole_a knight_n fee_n there_o be_v take_v but_o twenty_o shilling_n and_o of_o twenty_o pound_n in_o land_n hold_v in_o soccage_n twenty_o shilling_n and_o of_o more_o more_o and_o of_o less_o less_o after_o that_o rate_n and_o that_o none_o shall_v levy_v such_o aid_n to_o make_v his_o son_n a_o knight_n until_o his_o son_n be_v of_o fifteen_o year_n old_a nor_o to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n until_o she_o be_v of_o the_o age_n of_o seven_o year_n and_o of_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v mention_n make_v in_o the_o king_n writ_n form_v on_o the_o same_o when_o any_o will_v demand_v it_o and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o father_n after_o he_o have_v levy_v such_o aid_n of_o his_o tenant_n die_v before_o he_o have_v marry_v his_o daughter_n the_o executor_n of_o the_o father_n shall_v be_v bind_v to_o the_o daughter_n for_o so_o much_o as_o the_o father_n receive_v for_o the_o aid_n and_o if_o the_o father_n good_n be_v not_o sufficient_a his_o heir_n shall_v be_v charge_v therewith_o unto_o the_o daughter_n and_o this_o aid_n be_v so_o incident_a that_o although_o the_o lord_n do_v confirm_v unto_o the_o tenant_n to_o hold_v by_o fealty_n and_o certain_a rent_n and_o release_v unto_o he_o all_o other_o service_n and_o demand_n yet_o shall_v he_o have_v the_o aid_n to_o make_v his_o elder_a son_n a_o knight_n but_o the_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o the_o statute_n aforemention_v because_o the_o king_n be_v not_o name_v in_o the_o statute_n therefore_o by_o the_o statute_n 25_o edw._n 3._o chap._n 11._o the_o king_n aid_n be_v bring_v to_o a_o like_a value_n the_o intention_n of_o the_o law_n be_v that_o a_o heir_n until_o the_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n be_v not_o able_a to_o do_v knight_n service_n but_o such_o a_o presumption_n of_o law_n do_v give_v place_n to_o a_o judgement_n of_o proof_n to_o the_o contrary_a as_o bracton_n say_v sâ—abitur_fw-la presumptioni_fw-la donec_fw-la probetur_fw-la in_o contrarium_fw-la and_o therefore_o when_o the_o king_n who_o be_v the_o sovereign_a judge_n of_o all_o chivalry_n have_v dub_v he_o a_o knight_n he_o by_o this_o have_v adjudge_v he_o able_a to_o do_v he_o knight_n service_n and_o all_o man_n be_v conclude_v to_o say_v the_o contrary_a to_o it_o and_o therefore_o such_o a_o heir_n be_v make_v a_o knight_n either_o in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o his_o father_n or_o afterward_o during_o his_o minority_n shall_v be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n both_o for_o his_o land_n and_o body_n and_o marriage_n by_o the_o award_n of_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n by_o reason_n also_o that_o the_o honour_n of_o knighthood_n be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v hold_v under_o by_o any_o yet_o if_o the_o king_n do_v create_v such_o a_o heir_n within_o age_n a_o duke_n marquess_z earl_n viscount_n or_o â—aron_n by_o this_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n both_o for_o his_o land_n and_o body_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v propound_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la chap._n 3._o ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la ipse_fw-la dum_fw-la infra_fw-la aetatem_fw-la fuerit_fw-la fiat_fw-la mile_n nihilominus_fw-la terra_fw-la remaneat_fw-la in_o custodia_fw-la dominorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la so_o that_o although_o such_o a_o heir_n within_o age_n be_v make_v knight_n and_o thereby_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v esteem_v as_o of_o full_a age_n yet_o the_o land_n shall_v remain_v in_o custody_n of_o the_o lord_n till_o his_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n by_o the_o purview_n of_o the_o say_v act._n question_n if_o the_o son_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o king_n by_o knight_n service_n etc._n etc._n be_v make_v knight_n in_o paris_n by_o the_o french_a king_n whether_o he_o shall_v be_v out_o of_o wardship_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n or_o no_o for_o thereby_o he_o be_v a_o knight_n in_o england_n coke_n seven_o part_n b._n 2_o edw._n 4._o fol._n tamen_fw-la vide_fw-la in_o coke_n six_o part_n 74._o b._n mention_n be_v only_o make_v of_o knight_n make_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o or_o by_o his_o lieutenant_n in_o ireland_n but_o when_o the_o king_n do_v make_v a_o heir_n apparent_a within_o age_n of_o a_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n a_o knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n the_o say_a heir_n be_v within_o age_n shall_v in_o this_o case_n be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o shall_v pay_v no_o value_n for_o his_o marriage_n neither_o shall_v the_o lord_n have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o land_n for_o in_o that_o case_n by_o the_o make_n of_o he_o knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o ancestor_n he_o be_v make_v of_o full_a age_n so_o that_o when_o his_o ancestor_n die_v no_o interest_n either_o in_o the_o body_n or_o in_o the_o land_n shall_v invest_v in_o the_o lord_n but_o the_o knight_n may_v tender_v his_o livery_n as_o if_o he_o be_v of_o full_a age_n and_o in_o that_o case_n the_o king_n shall_v have_v premier_n seisin_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v one_o and_o twenty_o year_n of_o age_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o not_o otherwise_o for_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la do_v not_o extend_v unto_o it_o for_o the_o purview_n of_o it_o do_v extend_v only_o when_o the_o heir_n in_o ward_n infra_fw-la aetatem_fw-la be_v make_v knight_n then_o remanet_fw-la terra_fw-la in_o custodia_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o when_o the_o heir_n be_v make_v knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o ancestor_n than_o the_o custody_n can_v remain_v which_o never_o have_v any_o inception_n or_o essence_n also_o when_o the_o heir_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n within_o age_n be_v make_v knight_n if_o after_o tender_a make_v to_o he_o he_o within_o age_n do_v marry_v elsewhere_o yet_o he_o shall_v not_o pay_v the_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o marriage_n for_o by_o the_o make_v he_o knight_n he_o be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n of_o his_o lord_n for_o than_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v svi_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o may_v employ_v himself_o in_o feat_n of_o arm_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o may_v not_o be_v within_o the_o custody_n of_o another_o and_o none_o shall_v pay_v any_o forfeiture_n but_o when_o after_o any_o refusal_n he_o do_v marry_v himself_o during_o the_o time_n when_o he_o be_v under_o the_o custody_n and_o keep_n of_o his_o lord_n and_o this_o do_v appear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o merton_n chap._n 6._o si_fw-mi se_fw-la mariturierit_fw-la sine_fw-la licentia_fw-la
to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n shall_v bear_v his_o coronet_n of_o cross_n and_o flower_n de_fw-fr lis_fw-fr with_o one_o arch_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n a_o ball_n and_o cross_n as_o have_v the_o royal_a diadem_n that_o his_o royal_a highness_n the_o duke_n of_o york_n and_o all_o the_o immediate_a son_n and_o brother_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n shall_v use_v and_o bear_v their_o coronet_n compose_v of_o cross_n and_o flower_n de_fw-fr lis_fw-fr only_a but_o all_o their_o son_n respective_o have_v the_o title_n of_o duke_n shall_v bear_v and_o use_v their_o coronet_n compose_v of_o leave_n only_o as_o the_o coronet_n of_o duke_n not_o be_v of_o the_o royal_a blood_n note_v that_o by_o order_n not_o creation_n our_o present_a king_n be_v admit_v prince_n of_o wales_n have_v the_o principality_n with_o the_o earldom_n of_o chester_n etc._n etc._n confirm_v to_o he_o by_o patent_n and_o be_v allow_v to_o hold_v his_o court_n apart_o from_o the_o king_n the_o prince_n by_o the_o common_a law_n be_v repute_v as_o the_o same_o person_n with_o the_o king_n and_o so_o declare_v by_o statute_n temp_n hen._n 8._o the_o civilian_n say_v the_o king_n be_v elder_a son_n during_o his_o father_n life_n may_v be_v style_v king_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n because_o of_o his_o so_o near_a relation_n to_o the_o crown_n that_o if_o the_o father_n die_v he_o be_v ipso_fw-la momento_n rex_fw-la though_o he_o be_v not_o crown_v a_o usual_a custom_n in_o spain_n and_o once_o allow_v here_o to_o henry_n son_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o yet_o he_o hold_v his_o signory_n and_o principality_n of_o the_o king_n as_o subject_a to_o he_o and_o give_v the_o same_o respect_n to_o he_o as_o other_o subject_n do_v he_o have_v certain_a privilege_n above_o other_o person_n to_o he_o it_o be_v permit_v by_o the_o statute_n 24_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 13._o to_o wear_v silk_n of_o the_o colour_n of_o purple_a and_o cloth_n of_o gold_n of_o tissue_n in_o his_o apparel_n or_o upon_o his_o horse_n and_o by_o the_o statute_n 24_o ed._n 3._o ca._n 2._o take_n shall_v not_o be_v from_o henceforth_o make_v by_o other_o than_o the_o purveyor_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o queen_n and_o of_o the_o prince_n their_o elder_a son_n and_o that_o if_o any_o man_n purveyor_n make_v such_o take_n it_o shall_v be_v do_v of_o they_o as_o of_o those_o that_o do_v without_o warrant_n and_o the_o deed_n adjudge_v as_o a_o thing_n do_v against_o the_o peace_n and_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o such_o as_o do_v not_o in_o manner_n aforesaid_a shall_v be_v due_o punish_v to_o eschew_v maintenance_n and_o nourish_v peace_n and_o amity_n in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n many_o statute_n have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o prohibit_v the_o give_v of_o sign_n or_o livery_n to_o any_o but_o menial_n nevertheless_o by_o the_o statute_n 2_o hen._n 4._o cap._n 21._o it_o be_v provide_v that_o the_o prince_n may_v give_v his_o honourable_a livery_n or_o sign_n to_o the_o lord_n or_o to_o his_o menial_a gentleman_n and_o that_o the_o same_o lord_n may_v wear_v the_o same_o as_o if_o they_o be_v the_o king_n livery_n and_o that_o the_o menial_n of_o the_o prince_n may_v also_o wear_v the_o same_o as_o the_o king_n menial_n but_o afterward_o by_o occasion_n of_o divers_a other_o statute_n make_v by_o sundry_a king_n for_o the_o suppress_n oâ—_n that_o enormity_n of_o maintenance_n and_o of_o the_o general_a word_n in_o they_o that_o privilege_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v abridge_v or_o rather_o take_v away_o therefore_o the_o statute_n 12_o ed._n 4._o cap._n 4._o be_v make_v by_o the_o statute_n 21_o h._n 8._o cap._n 13._o the_o prince_n may_v retain_v as_o many_o chaplain_n as_o he_o please_v although_o all_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n except_o those_o of_o the_o blood_n royal_a be_v constrain_v to_o a_o certain_a number_n and_o they_o or_o any_o of_o they_o may_v purchase_v licence_n and_o dispensation_n and_o take_v and_o retain_v two_o parsonage_n or_o benefice_n with_o cure_n of_o soul_n by_o the_o order_n of_o the_o common_a law_n the_o king_n may_v levy_v a_o reasonable_a aid_n of_o all_o his_o tenant_n as_o well_o of_o those_o that_o do_v hold_v their_o land_n of_o he_o by_o knight_n service_n as_o in_o soccage_n pur_fw-mi fair_a fitz_fw-fr chevalier_n &_o pur_fw-mi file_n merry_a and_o the_o sum_n of_o money_n be_v not_o in_o certainty_n note_v that_o the_o aid_n be_v not_o to_o be_v recover_v before_o the_o son_n be_v of_o the_o age_n of_o fifteen_o year_n and_o the_o daughter_n accomplish_v the_o age_n of_o seven_o year_n fitz._n natur._n b._n 28.6_o but_o in_o the_o king_n pleasure_n till_o by_o the_o statute_n in_o the_o 25_o ed._n 3._o cap._n 11._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o for_o the_o knight_v his_o elder_a son_n and_o marry_v his_o elder_a daughter_n as_o aforesaid_a the_o aid_n follow_v shall_v be_v demand_v and_o levy_v viz._n of_o every_o knight_n so_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n without_o mean_a 20_o s._n and_o no_o more_o and_o of_o every_o 20._o l._n of_o land_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n without_o mean_a in_o soccage_n 20_o s._n and_o no_o more_o and_o so_o after_o this_o rate_n for_o the_o land_n in_o soccage_n and_o for_o land_n in_o tenure_n of_o chivalry_n according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o fee_n by_o another_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o say_v 25_o the_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o cap._n 2._o among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v declare_v that_o to_o compass_v or_o imagine_v the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n be_v elder_a son_n and_o heir_n be_v crimen_fw-la laesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la or_o if_o a_o man_n do_v violate_v the_o wife_n of_o the_o king_n be_v elder_a son_n and_o heir_n it_o be_v high_a treason_n and_o so_o the_o statute_n 26_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 13._o do_v declate_a and_o so_o be_v the_o ancient_a common_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o not_o a_o new_a law_n make_v by_o the_o statute_n coke_n 8._o part_n 28._o b._n but_o this_o statute_n be_v a_o manifestation_n and_o application_n of_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n in_o this_o case_n because_o the_o people_n be_v in_o ambiguity_n whether_o child_n bear_v in_o part_n beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o out_o of_o the_o king_n dominion_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o demand_v any_o inheritance_n within_o his_o say_a dominion_n or_o not_o it_o be_v declare_v at_o a_o parliament_n hold_v at_o westminster_n in_o the_o seventeen_o of_o king_n james_n for_o the_o remove_n of_o those_o doubt_n that_o les_fw-fr enfants_fw-fr du_fw-fr roy_fw-fr the_o child_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o whatsoever_o part_n they_o be_v bear_v in_o be_v able_a and_o aught_o to_o bear_v the_o inheritance_n after_o the_o death_n of_o their_o ancestor_n read_v the_o statute_n in_o coke_n seven_o part_n 8._o a._n where_o you_o shall_v see_v that_o though_o general_o the_o birth-place_n be_v observe_v yet_o many_o time_n legiance_n and_o obedience_n without_o any_o place_n in_o the_o king_n dominion_n may_v make_v a_o subject_a bear_v for_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n almost_o in_o every_o parliament_n that_o ambassador_n merchant_n and_o the_o king_n soldier_n do_v sue_v therein_o in_o such_o case_n to_o have_v their_o child_n naturalize_v or_o make_v denizen_n and_o in_o the_o article_n confirm_v by_o parliament_n touch_v the_o marriage_n between_o philip_n king_n of_o spain_n and_o queen_n mary_n anno_fw-la primo_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la 2._o cap._n 2._o a_o special_a proviso_n be_v to_o bar_v he_o from_o be_v tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o the_o crown_n in_o case_n he_o shall_v have_v issue_n by_o she_o and_o survive_v which_o be_v superfluous_a because_o the_o common_a law_n will_v have_v deny_v it_o for_o this_o last_o point_n see_v the_o lord_n chancellor_n speech_n in_o the_o case_n postnati_n f._n 36._o but_o note_n if_o a_o alien_a enemy_n come_v into_o this_o realm_n and_o his_o wife_n english_a or_o stanger_n be_v here_o deliver_v of_o a_o child_n this_o child_n notwithstanding_o his_o birth-place_n be_v a_o alien_n bear_v for_o want_v of_o allegiance_n in_o the_o parent_n ibid._n king_n henry_n the_o three_o do_v create_v edward_n his_o elder_a son_n the_o first_o prine_n of_o wales_n and_o do_v give_v unto_o he_o the_o dominion_n and_o dignity_n thereof_o to_o be_v hold_v of_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n king_n of_o england_n and_o after_o that_o time_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v be_v prince_n of_o wales_n and_o as_o incident_a to_o the_o state_n and_o dignity_n of_o a_o prince_n do_v and_o may_v make_v law_n and_o statute_n and_o use_v jurisdiction_n and_o authority_n as_o ample_o as_o any_o king_n of_o that_o nation_n can_v do_v for_o wales_n be_v a_o kingdom_n in_o ancient_a
as_o many_o have_v make_v the_o like_a then_o may_v such_o issue_n male_a together_o with_o the_o barony_n be_v it_o caâ—â—e_v honour_n or_o manor_n so_o hold_v hold_v and_o lawful_o enjoy_v the_o name_n style_n title_n and_o dignity_n of_o a_o baron_n moreover_o concern_v the_o second_o objection_n it_o be_v very_o true_a that_o many_o ancient_a manor_n which_o be_v in_o time_n past_o hold_v by_o barony_n be_v now_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o gentleman_n mean_v and_o ignoble_a by_o blood_n who_o neither_o do_v or_o may_v claim_v any_o nobility_n or_o honour_n thereby_o but_o there_o have_v be_v some_o former_a gift_n make_v by_o the_o king_n progenitor_n to_o such_o as_o they_o honour_v in_o augmentation_n and_o support_v of_o their_o honour_n and_o for_o honourable_a service_n shall_v thus_o come_v to_o the_o hand_n of_o mean_a personage_n be_v twosold_a first_o for_o that_o such_o manor_n have_v be_v alien_v by_o licence_n unto_o such_o person_n before_o speak_v of_o who_o such_o possession_n alone_o can_v make_v noble_a second_o and_o that_o be_v usual_o such_o manor_n as_o be_v in_o ancient_a time_n hold_v by_o barony_n that_o have_v upon_o divers_a occasion_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n be_v extinct_a and_o after_o the_o same_o land_n be_v give_v or_o convey_v to_o other_o reserve_v other_o service_n than_o those_o which_o at_o the_o first_o be_v due_a â—or_a the_o same_o so_o that_o it_o be_v no_o marvel_n that_o some_o manor_n ancient_o hold_v by_o barony_n or_o other_o honourable_a service_n shall_v now_o be_v hold_v in_o soccage_n or_o by_o other_o mean_a tenure_n as_o to_o that_o which_o be_v three_o object_v that_o some_o ancient_a baron_n there_o be_v which_o have_v alien_v and_o sell_v away_o those_o castle_n and_o manor_n of_o which_o they_o have_v and_o do_v bear_v the_o name_n and_o dignity_n and_o yet_o still_o themselves_o do_v retain_v and_o lawful_o keep_v the_o dignity_n and_o degree_n of_o a_o baron_n and_o have_v be_v and_o be_v call_v to_o parliament_n notwithstanding_o such_o alienation_n to_o that_o i_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v true_a but_o it_o prove_v nothing_o against_o the_o former_a resolution_n and_o therefore_o for_o better_a satisfaction_n of_o this_o point_n it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o either_o such_o baron_n be_v original_a baron_n by_o writ_n or_o baron_n by_o tenure_n baron_n by_o writ_n in_o this_o respect_n now_o in_o hand_n be_v of_o two_o kind_n for_o either_o in_o such_o writ_n whereby_o they_o be_v or_o their_o ancestor_n be_v first_o summon_v they_o be_v only_o name_v by_o their_o own_o name_n or_o else_o there_o be_v addition_n give_v they_o of_o the_o principal_a place_n of_o their_o abode_n which_o be_v do_v for_o distinction_n sake_n either_o to_o sever_v they_o from_o some_o honourable_a person_n of_o the_o same_o name_n or_o else_o to_o give_v they_o such_o honourable_a title_n by_o addition_n of_o the_o place_n which_o place_n notwithstanding_o be_v not_o hold_v by_o barony_n and_o therefore_o if_o such_o a_o baron_n do_v alien_a away_o that_o place_n which_o be_v ancient_o his_o seat_n he_o may_v nevertheless_o retain_v his_o honourable_a title_n no_o respect_n have_v of_o such_o place_n but_o if_o a_o baron_n by_o tenure_n do_v alien_a away_o the_o honour_n castle_n or_o manor_n hold_v by_o barony_n unto_o a_o mean_a person_n not_o capable_a of_o honour_n and_o by_o sufficient_a licence_n so_o to_o do_v and_o after_o the_o alienor_fw-la which_o make_v such_o alienation_n be_v call_v by_o writ_n to_o parliament_n under_o the_o title_n or_o as_o a_o baron_n to_o such_o honour_n castle_n or_o manor_n so_o alien_v that_o away_o which_o he_o hold_v by_o barony_n but_o thenceforth_o after_o such_o writ_n of_o summons_n he_o be_v become_v a_o baron_n by_o writ_n such_o alienation_n notwithstanding_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o writ_n direct_v at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o prince_n do_v give_v unto_o he_o that_o addition_n of_o name_n and_o dignity_n and_o thus_o much_o touch_v the_o resolution_n of_o the_o say_a question_n and_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o say_a objection_n and_o of_o baron_n by_o tenure_n chap._n xi_o baron_n by_o write_v which_o be_v the_o second_o kind_n of_o baron_n mention_v in_o the_o former_a division_n of_o baron_n a_o baron_n by_o writ_n be_v he_o unto_o who_o a_o writ_n of_o summons_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o king_n be_v direct_v to_o come_v to_o the_o parliament_n appoint_v at_o a_o certain_a time_n and_o place_n to_o be_v hold_v and_o there_o with_o his_o majesty_n the_o prelate_n and_o nobility_n to_o treat_v and_o advise_v about_o the_o weighty_a affair_n of_o the_o nation_n which_o writ_n be_v much_o to_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o aforementioned_a write_v in_o the_o title_n of_o earl_n and_o which_o kind_n of_o writ_n be_v as_o well_o direct_v to_o the_o baron_n of_o tenure_n as_o by_o creation_n by_o patent_n but_o those_o that_o be_v not_o baron_n by_o tenure_n nor_o by_o patent_n and_o have_v only_o such_o writ_n after_o the_o receipt_n of_o such_o writ_n and_o place_n take_v in_o parliament_n according_o ought_v to_o enjoy_v the_o name_n and_o dignity_n of_o baron_n touch_v the_o antiquity_n of_o baron_n by_o writ_n only_o and_o the_o first_o institution_n thereof_o i_o find_v little_a or_o no_o mention_n before_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o and_o therefore_o i_o conceive_v that_o either_o the_o first_o or_o at_o least_o the_o first_o frequent_a use_n of_o such_o baron_n be_v have_v and_o devise_v 49_o hen._n 3._o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n and_o upon_o a_o commendable_a occasion_n for_o in_o the_o disorder_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o nobility_n in_o those_o troublesome_a war_n where_o sedition_n and_o rebellion_n be_v stir_v up_o by_o they_o against_o the_o say_a king_n there_o be_v many_o great_a battle_n fight_v to_o the_o effusion_n of_o much_o blood_n of_o which_o say_v rebellion_n the_o right_a honourable_a simon_n earl_n of_o exeter_n be_v ringleader_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o liberty_n as_o pretend_v grant_v by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n which_o be_v even_o to_o this_o day_n the_o principal_a ground_n of_o the_o positive_a law_n and_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a statute_n now_o in_o use_n among_o we_o and_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o other_o constitution_n and_o ordinance_n then_o make_v at_o oxford_n and_o after_o divers_a field_n seek_v betwixt_o they_o at_o northampton_n rochester_n lewes_n and_o other_o place_n last_o of_o all_o be_v the_o catastrophe_n of_o that_o tragedy_n finish_v at_o eveshalm_n or_o easam_n in_o worcestershire_n where_o the_o say_a earl_n be_v slay_v the_o king_n gain_v the_o victory_n and_o the_o rebellious_a baron_n receive_v their_o overthrow_n upon_o which_o present_o ensue_v the_o parliament_n hold_v at_o winchester_n in_o hantshire_n and_o afterward_o at_o westminster_n where_o such_o of_o the_o baron_n as_o be_v slay_v in_o the_o field_n against_o the_o king_n and_o such_o other_o of_o they_o as_o be_v take_v prisoner_n or_o make_v their_o escape_n by_o flight_n be_v to_o be_v attaint_v and_o disinherit_v of_o their_o estate_n and_o the_o number_n of_o baron_n who_o have_v continue_v faithful_a unto_o their_o sovereign_n be_v small_a it_o be_v deem_v a_o necessary_a policy_n to_o supply_v the_o number_n of_o the_o diminish_v baron_n with_o other_o person_n of_o know_a worth_n wisdom_n and_o repute_n by_o reason_n whereof_o there_o be_v call_v at_o those_o parliament_n the_o abbot_n and_o prior_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o well_o those_o that_o hold_v not_o by_o baron_n as_o other_o and_o divers_z other_o of_o the_o most_o worthy_a laity_n not_o hold_v by_o barony_n and_o these_o by_o mean_n thereof_o be_v thenceforth_o baron_n by_o writ_n but_o certain_a of_o the_o say_a abbot_n and_o prior_n which_o hold_v not_o by_o barony_n and_o think_v it_o a_o burden_n to_o their_o house_n get_v themselves_o upon_o petition_n afterward_o to_o be_v exempt_v as_o by_o divers_a record_n thereof_o remain_v in_o the_o chancery_n may_v appear_v this_o moreover_o be_v to_o be_v note_v concern_v the_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o parliament_n that_o those_o writ_n in_o form_n of_o their_o direction_n be_v divers_a some_o direct_v by_o special_a name_n of_o baron_n as_o rex_fw-la etc._n etc._n edmundo_n baroni_n de_fw-fr stafford_n johanni_n baroni_n de_fw-fr graystock_n johanni_n baroni_n de_fw-fr dudley_n edwardo_n nevil_n baroni_n abergaveny_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n james._n some_o other_o be_v summon_v by_o name_n of_o the_o party_n with_o addition_n of_o the_o place_n as_o johanni_n strange_a the_o knock_n militi_fw-la edwardo_n grace_n de_fw-fr groby_n militi_fw-la johanni_n le_fw-fr scroop_n de_fw-fr masham_n militi_fw-la willielmo_n souch_v de_fw-fr harringworth_n militi_fw-la the_o chief_a castle_n or_o manor_n of_o such_o
domini_fw-la svi_fw-la &_o ei_fw-la conferet_fw-la maritagium_fw-la suum_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o word_n can_v be_v understand_v when_o he_o be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n no_o more_o than_o when_o he_o be_v marry_v after_o the_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n note_v hereby_o that_o the_o king_n may_v prevent_v his_o grantee_n or_o other_o lord_n of_o the_o double_a value_n by_o knighthood_n yet_o in_o such_o case_n present_o after_o the_o heir_n be_v make_v a_o knight_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n the_o lord_n may_v have_v a_o writ_n de_fw-fr valour_n maritagii_fw-la for_o the_o single_a also_o by_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n if_o a_o villain_n be_v make_v a_o knight_n he_o be_v immediate_o enfranchise_v and_o if_o a_o ribald_a or_o a_o man_n of_o base_a birth_n and_o condition_n have_v strike_v a_o knight_n by_o the_o ancient_a law_n he_o shall_v have_v lose_v his_o hand_n wherewith_o he_o offend_v but_o in_o france_n it_o be_v ancient_o adjudge_v that_o when_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o villain_n have_v knight_v his_o villain_n be_v a_o gentleman_n he_o become_v free_a and_o have_v his_o honour_n lawful_o but_o if_o another_o lord_n have_v knight_v he_o nothing_o have_v be_v wrought_v by_o it_o for_o none_o can_v manumit_v he_o but_o his_o lord_n and_o till_o manumission_n or_o knighthood_n he_o have_v civil_a freedom_n for_o his_o ground_n but_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o it_o except_o by_o the_o king_n only_o it_o be_v enact_v by_o parliament_n in_o the_o six_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la rex_fw-la vicecom_v etc._n etc._n sciatis_fw-la quod_fw-la consensum_fw-la est_fw-la cum_fw-la assensu_fw-la archiepiscoporum_fw-la comitum_fw-la baronum_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la fidelium_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la angliae_fw-la quod_fw-la novem_fw-la milites_fw-la per_fw-la totam_fw-la angliam_fw-la invenient_fw-la decuriam_fw-la militum_fw-la bene_fw-la paratorum_fw-la aequis_fw-la &_o armis_fw-la ad_fw-la defensionem_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la there_o have_v ever_o be_v and_o still_o be_v great_a use_n of_o the_o service_n of_o knight_n even_o in_o civil_a affair_n and_o concern_v matter_n of_o justice_n as_o in_o a_o writ_n of_o right_n which_o be_v the_o high_a writ_n in_o law_n for_o trial_n of_o title_n touch_v the_o inheritance_n of_o land_n the_o tenant_n be_v at_o his_o election_n to_o have_v his_o trial_n by_o great_a assize_n or_o else_o by_o battle_n if_o by_o the_o great_a assize_n the_o writ_n de_fw-fr magna_fw-la assiza_n eligenda_fw-la shall_v be_v thus_o viz._n rex_fw-la vicecomiti_fw-la salutem_fw-la etc._n etc._n summon_v as_o per_fw-mi bonos_fw-es summonitores_fw-la quatuor_fw-la legales_fw-la milites_fw-la de_fw-la comitatu_fw-la tuo_fw-la quod_fw-la sint_fw-la coram_fw-la justiciariis_fw-la nostris_fw-la ad_fw-la primam_fw-la assizam_n cum_fw-la in_o part_n illas_fw-la venerint_fw-la ad_fw-la eligendum_fw-la super_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la suum_fw-la 12_o de_fw-fr militibus_fw-la de_fw-fr visum_fw-la de_fw-fr n._n qui_fw-la melius_fw-la sciant_fw-la &_o velint_fw-la dicere_fw-la veritatem_fw-la adfaciendam_fw-la recognitionem_fw-la magnae_fw-la assurae_fw-la inter_fw-la a._n petent_fw-la &_o b._n tenent_fw-la de_fw-fr uno_fw-la messuagio_fw-it cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la in_o n._n unde_fw-la idem_fw-la b._n qui_fw-la tenens_fw-la est_fw-la posuit_fw-la secum_fw-la magnam_fw-la ass._n nostram_fw-la &_o petit_fw-la recognitionem_fw-la fieri_fw-la utrum_fw-la eorum_fw-la habent_fw-la jus_o in_fw-la messuagium_fw-la praed_fw-we b._n qui_fw-la tunc_fw-la sit_fw-la ibi_fw-la auditurus_fw-la illam_fw-la electionem_fw-la &_o habeas_fw-la ibi_fw-la nomina_fw-la praed_fw-we milit_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la breve_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o upon_o the_o return_n of_o this_o writ_n those_o four_o knight_n must_v appear_v gladiis_fw-la cuncti_fw-la dier_n 79._o fol._n 103._o if_o the_o tenant_n make_v his_o election_n by_o battle_n each_o party_n be_v to_o choose_v their_o champion_n and_o the_o court_n shall_v award_v the_o battle_n and_o the_o champion_n shall_v be_v at_o mainprize_n and_o swear_v to_o perform_v the_o battle_n at_o a_o certain_a day_n in_o the_o term_n and_o idem_fw-la dies_fw-la shall_v be_v give_v to_o the_o party_n at_o which_o day_n and_o place_n a_o list_n shall_v be_v make_v in_o a_o even_a and_o plain_a ground_n there_o quadrant_a that_o be_v to_o say_v every_o way_n sixty_o foot_n square_a and_o the_o place_n or_o court_n for_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n without_o and_o upon_o the_o list_n furnish_v with_o the_o same_o clothes_n which_o belong_v to_o their_o court_n at_o westminster_n and_o a_o bar_n shall_v be_v there_o make_v for_o the_o sergeant_n at_o law_n and_o the_o robe_n of_o the_o justice_n and_o sergeant_n shall_v be_v of_o scarlet_n with_o their_o coif_n on_o as_o it_o be_v the_o thirteen_o of_o eliz._n and_o then_o be_v make_v proclamation_n with_o three_o o_o yes_o and_o the_o demandant_n first_o be_v solemn_o demand_v and_o do_v not_o appear_v whereupon_o the_o manuperor_n of_o the_o champion_n be_v demand_v to_o bring_v forth_o the_o champion_n of_o the_o demandant_n who_o come_v into_o the_o place_n apparel_v with_o red_a sandal_n upon_o his_o black_a armour_n bare_a legged_a from_o the_o knee_n downward_o and_o bear_v head_v and_o bare_a arm_n to_o the_o elbow_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o a_o knight_n namely_o sir_n jerom_n bowes_n who_o carry_v a_o red_a battoon_n of_o a_o ell_n long_o tip_v with_o horn_n and_o a_o yeoman_n carry_v the_o target_n make_v of_o double_a leather_n and_o they_o be_v bring_v in_o at_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o list_n and_o go_v about_o the_o side_n of_o the_o list_n until_o they_o come_v to_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o list_n and_o then_o come_v towards_o the_o bar_n before_o the_o justice_n with_o three_o solemn_a congee_n and_o there_o be_v he_o make_v to_o stand_v on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o place_n be_v the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o court_n and_o after_o that_o the_o other_o champion_n be_v bring_v in_o in_o like_a manner_n at_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o list_n with_o like_a congee_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o sir_n henry_n chequie_n kt._n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v place_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o bar_n and_o two_o sergeant_n be_v of_o the_o counsel_n of_o each_o part_n in_o the_o midst_n between_o they_o this_o do_v the_o demandant_n be_v solemn_o call_v again_o and_o appear_v not_o but_o make_v default_n bowham_n sergeant_n for_o the_o tenant_n pray_v the_o court_n to_o record_v the_o nonsuit_n quod_fw-la factum_fw-la fuit_fw-la and_o then_o dyer_n chief_a justice_n recite_v the_o writ_n and_o content_a and_o issue_n join_v upon_o the_o battle_n and_o the_o other_o of_o the_o champion_n to_o perform_v it_o and_o the_o prefiction_n of_o this_o day_n and_o place_n do_v give_v final_a judgement_n against_o the_o demandant_n and_o that_o the_o tenant_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n to_o he_o and_o to_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o and_o the_o demandant_n and_o his_o pledge_n de_fw-fr prosequendo_fw-la in_o misericordia_fw-la reginae_fw-la and_o afterward_o solemn_a proclamation_n be_v make_v that_o the_o champion_n and_o all_o other_o there_o present_a which_o be_v by_o estimation_n above_o four_o thousand_o person_n may_v depart_v every_o man_n in_o the_o peace_n of_o god_n and_o the_o queen_n &_o sic_fw-la fecerunt_fw-la cum_fw-la magno_fw-la clamoro_fw-la vivat_fw-la regina_fw-la also_o if_o false_a judgement_n be_v give_v in_o the_o country_n which_o be_v the_o sheriff_n court_n than_o the_o writ_n shall_v be_v thus_o henricus_n etc._n etc._n vicecomiti_fw-la lincoln_n salutem_fw-la si_fw-la a._n fecerit_fw-la etc._n etc._n tum_fw-la in_o pleno_fw-la comitatu_fw-la tuo_fw-la per_fw-la breve_fw-la nostrum_fw-la de_fw-la recto_fw-la inter_fw-la johannem_fw-la l._n petentem_fw-la &_o will._n b._n tenentem_fw-la de_fw-la uno_fw-la messuagio_fw-mi &_o centum_fw-la acris_fw-la terrae_fw-la cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la in_o c._n unde_fw-la idem_fw-la i._n l._n queritur_fw-la falsum_fw-la sibi_fw-la factum_fw-la fuisse_fw-la judicium_fw-la in_o eodem_fw-la &_o record_n illud_fw-la habeas_fw-la coram_fw-la justiciariis_fw-la juris_fw-la apud_fw-la westminsterium_fw-la tali_fw-la die_fw-la sub_fw-la sigillo_fw-la tuo_fw-la &_o per_fw-la quatuor_fw-la legales_fw-la milites_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la comitatus_fw-la &_o illos_fw-la qui_fw-la recordo_fw-la illi_fw-la interfuerunt_fw-la &_o summoneas_fw-la per_fw-la bonos_fw-es summonitores_fw-la praedictum_fw-la b._n quod_fw-la tunc_fw-la sit_fw-la ibi_fw-la auditurus_fw-la recordum_fw-la illud_fw-la &_o habeas_fw-la ibi_fw-la sua_fw-la nomina_fw-la quatuor_fw-la militum_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la breve_fw-la fitz._n nat._n brev._n itidem_fw-la e._n and_o those_o four_o must_v be_v knight_n indeed_o also_o the_o justice_n upon_o consideration_n of_o the_o usual_a word_n in_o every_o writ_n of_o venire_fw-la facias_fw-la coram_fw-la etc._n etc._n duodecim_fw-la tum_fw-la milites_fw-la quam_fw-la alios_fw-la liberos_fw-la &_o legales_fw-la homines_fw-la etc._n etc._n say_v that_o these_o word_n tum_fw-la milites_fw-la be_v not_o at_o the_o first_o put_v into_o the_o writ_n without_o effect_n plowden_n 117._o b._n for_o it_o seem_v that_o in_o diebus_fw-la
illis_fw-la some_o knight_n be_v return_v upon_o every_o venire_fw-la facias_fw-la by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 12._o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o assize_n of_o novel_a disseison_n and_o mortdancester_n shall_v not_o be_v take_v any_o where_o but_o within_o the_o country_n where_o they_o happen_v by_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n and_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n vide_fw-la westminster_n 2._o chap._n 30._o and_o by_o the_o seven_o and_o twenty_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o chap._n 30._o de_fw-la finibus_fw-la levandis_fw-la among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o for_o the_o utility_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o the_o more_o assure_a conservation_n of_o the_o peace_n the_o justice_n assign_v to_o take_v assize_n in_o all_o shire_n where_o they_o take_v assize_n as_o it_o be_v ordain_v immediate_o after_o the_o assize_n take_v in_o the_o shire_n shall_v remain_v both_o together_o if_o they_o be_v lay_v and_o if_o one_o of_o they_o be_v a_o clerk_n than_o one_o of_o the_o most_o discreet_a knight_n of_o the_o shire_n be_v associate_v unto_o he_o that_o be_v a_o layman_n by_o our_o writ_n shall_v deliver_v the_o goal_n of_o the_o shire_n as_o well_o within_o the_o liberty_n as_o without_o of_o all_o manner_n of_o prisoner_n after_o the_o form_n of_o the_o goal_n delivery_n of_o those_o shire_n beâ—ore_o time_n use_v also_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n 21._o cap._n 38._o de_fw-la non_fw-la ponendis_fw-la in_o assizis_n &_o juratis_fw-la it_o be_v provide_v that_o the_o say_a statute_n shall_v not_o extend_v to_o grand_a assize_n in_o which_o it_o behove_v many_o time_n knight_n to_o pass_v not_o resident_a in_o the_o county_n for_o the_o scarcity_n of_o knight_n so_o that_o they_o have_v land_n in_o the_o shire_n and_o by_o the_o law_n knight_n have_v land_n may_v be_v return_v upon_o jury_n in_o ordinary_a trial_n between_o party_n and_o party_n as_o other_o freeholder_n may_v be_v and_o therefore_o in_o a_o challenge_n to_o the_o great_a assize_n under_o edward_n the_o three_o one_o be_v challenge_v pour_fw-fr ceo_fw-la qu'il_fw-fr fait_fw-fr abaner_n or_o as_o the_o abridgement_n have_v it_o a_o baronet_n but_o it_o be_v not_o allow_v and_o the_o reason_n be_v give_v car_n s'il_fw-fr soit_fw-fr à _fw-fr banner_n &_o ne_fw-fr tient_fw-fr pas_fw-fr per_fw-la barony_n il_fw-fr serra_fw-mi en_fw-fr l'assise_n of_o the_o double_a parity_n of_o england_n that_o be_v of_o baron_n and_o all_o dignity_n above_o they_o be_v peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o all_o other_o under_o they_o be_v peer_n among_o themselves_o for_o notwithstanding_o that_o dignity_n of_o knighthood_n they_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o commons_o and_o we_o daily_o see_v that_o knight_n do_v serve_v in_o parliament_n as_o member_n of_o the_o commonalty_n nevertheless_o the_o sheriff_n in_o his_o discretion_n will_v not_o impannel_v knight_n but_o in_o special_a and_o great_a cause_n as_o in_o case_n of_o indictment_n of_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n they_o be_v to_o be_v inquire_v and_o find_v by_o knight_n and_o esquire_n though_o their_o trial_n shall_v be_v only_o by_o their_o peer_n and_o in_o 38_o hen._n 8._o henry_n howard_n earl_n of_o surrey_n son_n and_o heir_n apparent_a of_o thomas_n duke_n of_o norfolk_n be_v attaint_v of_o high_a treason_n and_o be_v try_v also_o by_o knight_n esquire_n and_o gentleman_n and_o not_o by_o lord_n or_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n because_o he_o be_v not_o of_o that_o dignity_n by_o creation_n since_o the_o use_n of_o make_v every_o earl_n first_o a_o baron_n of_o some_o place_n which_o begin_v as_o most_o writer_n treat_v about_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o it_o have_v be_v a_o custom_n to_o style_v their_o heir_n apparent_a lord_n and_o baron_n with_o the_o title_n of_o their_o father_n barony_n when_o viscount_n or_o baron_n heir_n apparent_a be_v only_o style_v esquire_n but_o this_o be_v only_o a_o piece_n of_o civility_n and_o of_o mere_a fashion_n yet_o it_o be_v allow_v of_o in_o heraldry_n with_o who_o the_o rule_n be_v that_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o every_o one_o of_o a_o create_a degree_n be_v as_o of_o the_o next_o degree_n under_o he_o which_o may_v be_v apply_v to_o duke_n earls_z and_o the_o like_a but_o in_o legal_a proceed_n they_o enjoy_v no_o such_o matter_n nor_o have_v by_o their_o be_v heir_n apparent_a any_o prerogative_n of_o the_o great_a nobillty_n and_o in_o case_n where_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v party_n plaintiff_n or_o defendant_n in_o any_o action_n or_o suit_n if_o the_o sheriff_n do_v not_o return_v one_o knight_n at_o the_o least_o to_o be_v of_o the_o jury_n the_o say_v noble_a person_n may_v challenge_v and_o for_o that_o only_a cause_n quash_n the_o whole_a panel_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o carlisle_n 15_o edw._n 2._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o he_o who_o levy_v a_o fine_a shall_v appear_v in_o proper_a person_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o his_o age_n idiocy_n or_o other_o defect_n may_v be_v discover_v by_o the_o judge_n nevertheless_o upon_o impotency_n whereby_o he_o can_v come_v in_o court_n two_o or_o one_o of_o the_o justice_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o justice_n shall_v go_v unto_o he_o and_o take_v his_o recognizance_n and_o if_o but_o one_o of_o they_o go_v he_o shall_v take_v a_o knight_n with_o he_o and_o shall_v certify_v it_o in_o the_o bench_n of_o record_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o all_o thing_n incident_a to_o the_o fine_a be_v examine_v by_o they_o and_o then_o the_o fine_a may_v be_v levy_v but_o after_o this_o good_a statute_n a_o worse_a custom_n and_o use_n have_v come_v in_o place_n for_o by_o a_o dedimus_fw-la potestatem_fw-la out_o of_o chancery_n to_o one_o knight_n and_o to_o a_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o county_n in_o such_o case_n be_v procure_v and_o direct_v to_o a_o knight_n and_o two_o other_o who_o perhaps_o be_v neither_o knight_n nor_o justice_n but_o perhaps_o man_n of_o small_a estimation_n and_o unto_o two_o or_o three_o of_o they_o without_o say_v quorum_fw-la the_o knight_n shall_v be_v one_o and_o two_o of_o they_o without_o the_o knight_n have_v take_v the_o recognizance_n of_o the_o fine_a ibid._n 101._o b._n but_o great_a prejudice_n this_o practice_n of_o omit_v the_o interpose_v of_o the_o usual_a service_n of_o knight_n in_o this_o behalf_n have_v be_v to_o many_o and_o scandalous_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n they_o sometime_o take_v recognizance_n of_o a_o fine_a from_o a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n as_o if_o she_o be_v sole_a and_o many_o time_n acknowledge_v by_o justice_n if_o a_o tenant_n do_v lay_v a_o essoin_fw-fr de_fw-fr morbo_fw-la lecti_fw-la he_o may_v have_v a_o writ_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n to_o warrant_v it_o by_o which_o it_o shall_v be_v command_v to_o four_o knight_n to_o view_v he_o and_o if_o they_o see_v he_o sick_a than_o they_o be_v to_o give_v he_o day_n to_o the_o end_n of_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n note_v the_o register_n fol._n 177._o b._n quod_fw-la coronator_n non_fw-la elegatur_fw-la nisi_fw-la sit_fw-la mile_n in_o etc._n etc._n juxta_fw-la formam_fw-la statuti_fw-la westm._fw-la 1._o cap._n 10._o it_o be_v a_o receive_a opinion_n that_o knight_n be_v excuse_v from_o attendance_n at_o leet_n and_o britton_n 29._o &_o 36._o be_v cite_v to_o prove_v it_o and_o by_o a_o large_a understanding_n of_o the_o intent_n and_o meaning_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o marlbridge_n chap._n 10._o for_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n have_v such_o respect_n to_o the_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n that_o they_o nor_o their_o elder_a son_n be_v compel_v to_o find_v pledge_n in_o the_o leet_n or_o law-day_n for_o the_o statute_n of_o marlbridge_n aforesaid_a be_v not_o introductiva_fw-la novae_fw-la legis_fw-la for_o it_o be_v before_o the_o conquest_n and_o the_o common_a law_n be_v not_o by_o this_o statute_n abridge_v and_o by_o the_o book_n call_v the_o mirror_n of_o justice_n mention_v in_o the_o preface_n to_o coke_n nine_o part_n it_o be_v say_v that_o knight_n be_v except_v and_o so_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o practice_n be_v as_o well_o before_o as_o immediate_o after_o the_o make_n of_o that_o statute_n of_o marlbridge_n and_o interpretatio_fw-la practica_fw-la be_v a_o principal_a way_n and_o form_n of_o interpretation_n of_o law_n the_o lord_n chancellor_n speech_n in_o the_o case_n of_o postnati_n fol._n 58._o and_o in_o divinity_n praxis_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la est_fw-la interpretatio_fw-la praeceptorum_fw-la ibid._n 66._o but_o a_o knight_n and_o all_o superior_n and_o inferior_n be_v bind_v by_o law_n to_o attend_v the_o county_n or_o sheriff_n court_n wherein_o he_o dwell_v and_o at_o his_o peril_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o proceed_n thereof_o for_o if_o a_o man_n be_v outlaw_v of_o felony_n at_o a_o county_n court_n and_o one_o of_o the_o same_o county_n not_o
analogia_fw-la honorum_fw-la or_o a_o treatise_n of_o honour_n and_o nobility_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n collect_v out_o of_o the_o most_o authentic_a author_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a in_o two_o part_n the_o first_o contain_v honour_n military_a and_o relate_v to_o war._n the_o second_o honour_n civil_a and_o relate_v to_o court_n and_o city_n illustrate_v with_o variety_n of_o sculpture_n suitable_a to_o the_o several_a subject_n london_n print_v by_o tho._n roycroft_n anno_fw-la dom._n mdclxxvii_o to_o the_o right_n noble_a james_n duke_n of_o monmouth_n and_o buccleuth_n earl_n of_o doncaster_n and_o dâ—_n lord_n scott_n of_o askdale_n tendale_n and_o wichester_n lord_n high_a chamberlain_n of_o scotland_n chief_o and_o justice_n in_o eyre_n of_o all_o his_o majesty_n park_n chase_n and_o forest_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o trent_n l_o d_o lâ—â—_n of_o the_o county_n and_o steward_n of_o the_o town_n of_o stafford_n lord_n lieutenant_n of_o the_o east_n rideing_n of_o york_n shire_n governor_n of_o the_o town_n and_o citadel_n of_o kingston_n upon_o hull_n chancellor_n of_o â—_o university_n of_o cambridge_n master_n of_o the_o horse_n to_o his_o majesty_n captain_n of_o his_o majesty_n guard_n of_o hâ—â—_n knight_n of_o the_o garter_n captain_n general_n of_o his_o majesty_n land_n force_n and_o one_o of_o â—_o lord_n of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n &c_n &c_n a._n this_o plate_n with_o the_o treatise_n of_o honour_n military_n and_o civil_a be_v in_o all_o humility_n dedicate_v to_o your_o grace_n by_o mâ—_n your_o grace_n most_o submissive_a servant_n richard_n blome_n honi_fw-fr soit_fw-fr qvi_fw-fr mal_fw-fr y_fw-fr pense_fw-fr the_o first_o part_n or_o honour_n military_a chap._n i._n all_o honour_n may_v not_o improper_o be_v say_v to_o receive_v their_o birth_n either_o from_o the_o city_n court_n or_o camp_n which_o of_o all_o be_v esteem_v the_o most_o worthy_a and_o honourable_a raise_v some_o to_o imperial_a and_o princely_a dignity_n and_o disthron_v other_o and_o in_o all_o kingdom_n even_o among_o the_o barbarous_a american_n war_n have_v ever_o be_v and_o yet_o be_v hold_v in_o high_a esteem_n and_o of_o great_a importance_n as_o well_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o law_n and_o right_n as_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o dominion_n for_o which_o war_n be_v permit_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n be_v teach_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o command_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o to_o excite_v man_n to_o valour_n and_o noble_a achievement_n reward_n or_o honour_n be_v confer_v upon_o such_o that_o merit_v the_o same_o according_a to_o their_o desert_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o holy_a church_n their_o king_n and_o country_n war_n be_v therefore_o of_o such_o concern_v it_o behove_v every_o prudent_a prince_n for_o the_o welfare_n of_o his_o people_n to_o be_v always_o prepare_v for_o peace_n or_o war_n either_o offensive_a or_o defensive_a both_o for_o foreign_a invasion_n or_o the_o suppress_n domestic_a insurrection_n wherefore_o it_o have_v be_v find_v expedient_a to_o join_v good_a law_n the_o friend_n of_o peace_n and_o rest_n unto_o arm_n war_n be_v always_o accompany_v with_o man_n of_o audacious_a and_o furious_a spirit_n justinianus_n for_o the_o unite_n of_o law_n and_o arm_n appoint_v one_o officer_n call_v a_o praetor_n to_o command_v both_o martial_o and_o civil_o which_o name_v the_o roman_n continue_v for_o their_o general_n of_o war_n and_o by_o his_o office_n have_v authority_n both_o martial_a and_o civil_a by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o war_n can_v endure_v without_o the_o assistance_n of_o law_n and_o wise_a man_n in_o former_a age_n do_v hold_v that_o prudence_n and_o power_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v separate_v of_o which_o opinion_n be_v horace_n say_v vis_fw-fr expers_fw-la consilii_fw-la mole_n rvit_fw-la sua_fw-la likewise_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n learned_a writer_n be_v induce_v to_o commend_v valiant_a captain_n and_o wise_a counsellor_n as_o it_o be_v joint_o and_o in_o one_o rank_n for_o with_o simonides_n they_o join_v pausanias_n with_o croesus_n solon_n and_o with_o pericles_n anaxagoras_n of_o war_n and_o the_o cause_n thereof_o discord_n be_v common_a to_o all_o man_n and_o that_o occasion_v either_o by_o revenge_n for_o injury_n do_v out_o of_o covetousness_n in_o gain_v that_o which_o belong_v to_o other_o for_o ambition_n in_o gain_v fame_n by_o noble_a victory_n or_o such_o like_a reason_n and_o this_o make_v one_o city_n to_o wage_v war_n against_o another_o one_o province_n to_o invade_v another_o and_o whole_a kingdom_n to_o oppress_v one_o another_o even_o to_o a_o conquest_n if_o they_o can_v aristotle_n prove_v that_o some_o man_n by_o nature_n be_v bear_v to_o command_n and_o other_o to_o obey_v by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o war_n be_v necessary_a as_o well_o to_o compel_v those_o to_o obedience_n as_o the_o other_o to_o hold_v their_o authority_n the_o roman_n do_v sometime_o judge_v it_o convenient_a to_o make_v war_n only_o to_o train_v up_o their_o youth_n fit_a for_o service_n and_o to_o keep_v they_o from_o idleness_n which_o breed_v intemperance_n and_o dishonesty_n and_o by_o action_n prince_n that_o be_v martial_o incline_v have_v not_o only_o gain_v renown_n but_o also_o much_o enlarge_v their_o dominion_n yet_o i_o be_o of_o the_o opinion_n that_o war_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v make_v without_o just_a cause_n and_o when_o the_o enemy_n can_v be_v persuade_v to_o reason_n by_o ambassador_n prudent_a prince_n and_o commander_n do_v not_o wage_v war_n unadvised_o and_o when_o they_o do_v they_o shall_v follow_v the_o example_n of_o trajanus_n who_o observe_v these_o caution_n to_o be_v careful_a to_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o his_o slay_a soldier_n to_o repress_v the_o enemy_n pride_n and_o according_a to_o military_a discipline_n constrain_v mutineer_n to_o obedience_n and_o order_n of_o soldier_n soldier_n or_o man_n profess_v arm_n according_a to_o vlpianus_n be_v call_v milites_fw-la à _fw-la malitia_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la duritia_fw-la that_o be_v be_v so_o name_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o hardness_n and_o danger_n they_o endure_v in_o defence_n of_o other_o people_n or_o because_o they_o keep_v off_o the_o injury_n which_o enemy_n do_v offer_v he_o that_o desire_v to_o enjoy_v the_o honour_n belong_v to_o arm_n ought_v first_o to_o prove_v himself_o a_o soldier_n which_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n may_v be_v do_v three_o way_n the_o first_o be_v by_o certificate_n from_o the_o captain_n or_o officer_n second_o he_o ought_v to_o make_v proof_n of_o his_o experience_n and_o manhood_n in_o martial_a affair_n and_o three_o to_o be_v register_v in_o the_o list_n of_o receive_a soldier_n and_o none_o other_o proper_o aught_o to_o be_v term_v soldier_n by_o ancient_a custom_n soldier_n always_o take_v a_o oath_n not_o to_o abandon_v their_o captain_n or_o camp_n not_o to_o commit_v treason_n nor_o consult_v with_o one_o another_o private_o to_o cause_v mutine_a and_o the_o like_a martianus_n the_o great_a doctor_n do_v reject_v bondman_n as_o person_n unfit_a and_o unworthy_a to_o be_v call_v soldier_n and_o no_o person_n that_o have_v commit_v any_o infamous_a crime_n of_o which_o he_o be_v convict_v ought_v afterward_o to_o bear_v arm_n so_o honourable_a be_v the_o name_n and_o dignity_n of_o a_o soldier_n the_o person_n excuse_v from_o bear_v arm_n be_v priest_n and_o all_o in_o holy_a order_n all_o graduate_n in_o school_n all_o man_n above_o the_o age_n of_o 60_o year_n and_o those_o under_o the_o age_n of_o 17_o year_n those_o soldier_n that_o have_v long_o serve_v the_o roman_n either_o in_o their_o legion_n or_o elsewhere_o and_o deport_v themselves_o obedient_o to_o their_o officer_n and_o honest_o to_o all_o man_n be_v call_v veterani_fw-la and_o have_v great_a favour_n show_v they_o and_o that_o when_o any_o veteran_n have_v honest_o serve_v they_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o year_n he_o be_v then_o call_v emeritus_n and_o may_v have_v his_o dismission_n to_o end_v his_o day_n in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n with_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o divers_a immunity_n beside_o signal_n mark_n of_o honour_n according_a to_o their_o merit_n which_o be_v a_o great_a encouragement_n to_o youth_n to_o be_v train_v up_o in_o military_a service_n which_o ofttimes_o they_o make_v use_v of_o appoint_v tutor_n to_o instruct_v they_o therein_o and_o these_o they_o call_v tyrone_n and_o as_o on_o the_o one_o hand_n the_o roman_n reward_v they_o for_o good_a service_n so_o on_o the_o other_o they_o inflict_v punishment_n according_a to_o the_o heinousness_n of_o the_o offence_n as_o for_o treason_n disobedience_n abandon_v their_o colour_n and_o assist_v the_o enemy_n also_o for_o theft_n murder_n and_o cowardice_n which_o they_o esteem_v most_o vile_a the_o experience_n of_o which_o be_v see_v when_o spractacus_fw-la defeat_v the_o roman_n conduct_v by_o
that_o he_o have_v appear_v magnanimous_a in_o campaign_n leguer_n battle_n and_o seiges_n by_o land_n in_o the_o most_o furious_a and_o dreadful_a sea_n fight_v in_o which_o he_o have_v give_v life_n to_o some_o enemy_n and_o take_v it_o from_o other_o his_o escape_v such_o hazard_n and_o pass_v by_o domestic_a broil_n with_o a_o princely_a scorn_n will_v half_o persuade_v a_o credulous_a person_n that_o he_o have_v evade_v the_o time_n of_o die_v and_o that_o for_o the_o world_n be_v general_a good_a it_o be_v decree_v he_o shall_v endure_v as_o long_o as_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n to_o support_v the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o british_a monarchy_n in_o the_o person_n of_o his_o sacred_a majesty_n king_n charles_n the_o second_o and_o his_o lawful_a successor_n the_o effige_n of_o the_o right_n noble_a george_n late_a duke_n of_o albemarle_n earl_n of_o torrington_n baron_n monk_n of_o potheridgeâ—_n beauchamp_n and_o teys_n knight_n of_o the_o noble_a order_n of_o the_o garter_n lord_n leiutenant_n of_o devonshire_n captain_n general_n of_o all_o his_o majesty_n land_n force_v joint_n admiral_n with_o his_o highness_n prince_n rupert_n in_o the_o last_o dutch_a warrâ—_n one_o of_o the_o lord_n commissioner_n of_o his_o majesty_n treasuryâ—_n one_o of_o the_o gentleman_n of_o his_o bedchamber_n &_o one_o of_o the_o lds_n of_o his_o most_o honorable_n privy_a council_n &c_n &c_n a._n edw._n le_fw-fr davis_n sculp_v thus_o in_o a_o victor_n garland_n oft_o we_o see_v laurel_n with_o cypress_n intermix_v be_v but_o i_o can_v lose_v myself_o in_o the_o admiration_n of_o these_o object_n be_v i_o not_o again_o surprise_v by_o the_o late_a generous_a and_o noble_a exploit_n of_o the_o heroic_a prince_n james_n duke_n oâ—_n monmouth_n who_o brave_a spirit_n disdain_v to_o be_v confine_v to_o the_o ease_n of_o a_o court_n life_n contemn_v the_o soft_a pleasure_n of_o peace_n seek_v out_o danger_n abroad_o make_v bellona_n his_o mistress_n deâ—ies_n death_n in_o his_o ascent_n to_o honour_n and_o thus_o immortalize_v his_o name_n throughout_o christendom_n by_o his_o valour_n and_o conduct_n at_o mastricht_n in_o anno_fw-la 1673._o to_o affect_v glory_n in_o youth_n be_v become_v a_o royal_a birth_n and_o to_o begin_v with_o victory_n be_v a_o happy_a omen_n of_o future_a success_n in_o a_o long_a progress_n of_o time_n a_o coward_n may_v become_v a_o conqueror_n some_o other_o from_o mean_a adventure_n pass_v through_o gross_a error_n grow_v to_o experience_n and_o in_o time_n perform_v great_a exploit_n but_o as_o there_o be_v few_o river_n navigable_a from_o their_o first_o fountain_n so_o be_v such_o man_n doubtless_o very_o rare_a and_o singular_a who_o have_v not_o any_o need_n either_o of_o growth_n or_o year_n nor_o be_v subject_a either_o to_o the_o order_n of_o time_n or_o rule_n of_o nature_n proceed_v brave_a prince_n in_o the_o path_n you_o have_v so_o fair_o trace_v out_o and_o let_v the_o world_n see_v your_o renown_a valour_n of_o a_o low_a orb_n we_o may_v just_o boast_v of_o our_o english_a fabius_n general_n monk_n who_o so_o wise_o weary_v out_o lambert_n by_o his_o delay_n and_o cajole_v the_o rebellious_a rump_n parliament_n he_o be_v a_o person_n of_o great_a valour_n experience_n and_o prudence_n who_o loyalty_n and_o conduct_n have_v give_v he_o a_o never_o die_a fame_n to_o be_v celebrate_v by_o the_o pen_n and_o tongue_n of_o all_o good_a subject_n whilst_o the_o name_n of_o britain_n last_v his_o exploit_n be_v true_o great_a his_o success_n in_o his_o conduct_n renown_v with_o too_o many_o victory_n to_o be_v here_o insert_v let_v it_o suffice_v to_o say_v he_o be_v breed_v a_o soldier_n and_o after_o the_o many_o risk_n of_o fortune_n get_v the_o art_n to_o manage_v that_o fickle_a lady_n so_o well_o that_o he_o triumph_v over_o his_o foe_n both_o in_o war_n and_o peace_n act_v the_o part_n of_o a_o good_a politician_n the_o trusty_a old_a cushai_n confound_v the_o counsel_n of_o achitophel_n to_o preserve_v his_o royal_a master_n and_o be_v the_o bless_a instrument_n of_o his_o majesty_n be_v most_o happy_a restauration_n to_o his_o crown_n and_o dignity_n and_o the_o kingdom_n to_o its_o pristine_a law_n and_o liberty_n secure_v to_o himself_o and_o posterity_n that_o well_o purchase_a title_n of_o the_o most_o high_a potent_n and_o noble_a prince_n george_n duke_n of_o albemarle_n earl_n of_o torrington_n baron_fw-fr monk_n of_o potheridge_n beauchamp_n and_o teys_n beside_o which_o hereditary_a title_n he_o be_v knight_n of_o the_o noble_a order_n of_o the_o garter_n one_o of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n and_o captain_n general_n of_o all_o his_o majesty_n force_n during_o life_n a_o honour_n and_o office_n scarce_o ever_o before_o entrust_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o subject_a in_o time_n of_o peace_n he_o live_v the_o darling_n of_o his_o country_n dear_o belove_v of_o his_o majesty_n and_o all_o the_o royal_a stem_n and_o dreadful_a to_o our_o foreign_a and_o homebred_a foe_n but_o lade_v with_o love_n honour_n and_o year_n he_o yield_v up_o his_o life_n to_o the_o hand_n of_o he_o that_o give_v it_o and_o depart_v in_o peace_n the_o three_o day_n of_o january_n anno_fw-la dom._n 16_o 69_o 70._o lament_v by_o all_o good_a subject_n post_fw-la funera_fw-la virtus_fw-la we_o have_v many_o more_o that_o by_o experience_n and_o conquest_n be_v very_o well_o know_v to_o be_v eminent_a warrior_n who_o noble_a act_n be_v enough_o to_o fill_v large_a volume_n and_o who_o worthy_a achievement_n will_v be_v record_v in_o the_o history_n of_o that_o age_n for_o a_o encouragement_n to_o posterity_n the_o effigy_n of_o some_o of_o which_o i_o have_v here_o lively_o represent_v to_o your_o view_n the_o effigy_n of_o ye._n right_a honorable_n charles_n earl_n of_o carlisle_z viscount_n morpeth_n baron_fw-fr dacres_n of_o gillsland_n lord_n leiutenant_n of_o cumberland_n &_o westmoreland_n vice_n admiral_n of_o ye._n county_n of_o northâ—mberland_n camberland_n westmoreland_n the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n the_o town_n &_o county_n of_o newcastle_n &_o maritin_n part_n there_o adjacent_a &_o one_o of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honorable_n privy_a council_n &c_n &c_n a_o abra._n blâ—thing_n sculp_v the_o effige_n of_o the_o right_a honorable_n william_n earl_n of_o craven_n viscount_n craven_n of_o vffington_n baron_n craven_n of_o hampsted-marshall_n lord_n leiutenant_n of_o the_o county_n of_o middlesex_n and_o borough_n of_o southwark_n and_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honorable_n privy_a council_n &_o ca._n this_o portraiture_n be_v in_o memory_n of_o bertram_n ashburnham_n of_o ashburnham_n in_o sussex_n who_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n harold_n be_v warden_n of_o the_o cinqueport_n constable_n of_o dover_n and_o sheriff_n of_o the_o say_a county_n and_o be_v a_o person_n in_o so_o great_a power_n at_o the_o land_n of_o william_n the_o congueror_n king_n harold_n who_o be_v then_o in_o the_o north_n send_v he_o a_o letter_n to_o raise_v all_o the_o force_n under_o his_o command_n to_o withstand_v the_o invador_fw-la and_o when_o the_o king_n camâ—_n up_o to_o oppose_v yâ—_z conqueror_n the_o say_a bertram_n who_o have_v a_o eminent_a command_n in_o the_o battle_n receive_v so_o many_o wound_n that_o soon_o after_o he_o die_v thereof_o and_o since_o which_o time_n through_o the_o mercy_n of_o god_n the_o say_a family_n in_o a_o direct_a male_a line_n have_v ever_o since_o continue_v at_o ashburnham_n aforesaid_a and_o be_v the_o present_a possessor_n thereof_o edw_n le_fw-fr davis_n sculp_v the_o second_o part_n or_o honour_n civil_a and_o treat_v of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n chap._n i._n of_o honour_n general_n and_o particular_a honour_n be_v the_o reward_n of_o virtue_n as_o infamy_n the_o recompense_n of_o vice_n and_o he_o that_o desire_v to_o mount_v her_o footstep_n as_o natural_o all_o man_n in_o some_o degree_n or_o other_o be_v addict_v unto_o must_v arrive_v thereunto_o by_o the_o way_n of_o virtue_n which_o be_v strict_o observe_v by_o the_o roman_n for_o dignity_n by_o birth_n be_v not_o enough_o to_o advance_v they_o thereunto_o if_o they_o be_v not_o endow_v with_o heroick_n and_o virtuous_a qualification_n and_o honour_n shall_v be_v a_o testimony_n of_o their_o excellency_n therein_o some_o learned_a writer_n say_v that_o honour_n consist_v in_o exterior_a sign_n and_o aristotle_n call_v it_o maximum_fw-la bonorum_fw-la exteriorum_fw-la other_o say_v it_o be_v a_o certain_a reverence_n in_o testimony_n of_o virtue_n honour_n be_v of_o great_a esteem_n than_o silver_n or_o gold_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v prize_v above_o all_o earthly_a treasure_n and_o for_o the_o encouragement_n of_o youth_n to_o virtuous_a achievement_n the_o roman_n be_v no_o more_o slack_a in_o their_o reward_n and_o badge_n of_o honour_n than_o they_o be_v in_o their_o punishment_n
adversary_n in_o this_o manner_n viz._n the_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o the_o parliament_n whereby_o the_o baron_n by_o writ_n have_v his_o original_a be_v to_o call_v that_o honourable_a and_o worthy_a person_n so_o summon_v to_o the_o number_n of_o that_o right_n high_a and_o honourable_a assembly_n and_o to_o be_v a_o judge_n to_o sit_v hear_v and_o determine_v life_n and_o member_n plea_n and_o right_n of_o land_n if_o there_o shall_v come_v occasion_n likewise_o to_o give_v counsel_n and_o advise_v in_o the_o most_o mighty_a affair_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o these_o thing_n be_v convenient_a for_o the_o quality_n and_o condition_n of_o man_n unfitting_a and_o altogether_o unbeseeming_a the_o sex_n of_o woman_n ergo_fw-la have_v respect_n unto_o the_o scope_n and_o final_a purpose_n of_o such_o writ_n such_o inheritance_n shall_v only_o descend_v unto_o the_o heir_n female_a the_o second_o argument_n contra_fw-la second_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v answer_v that_o although_o the_o heir_n female_a to_o who_o such_o inheritance_n be_v descend_v be_v unfit_a in_o she_o own_o person_n for_o the_o accomplish_n of_o these_o thing_n yet_o she_o may_v marry_v with_o one_o sufficient_o able_a for_o she_o and_o in_o her_o behalf_n to_o execute_v the_o same_o this_o answer_n will_v neither_o satisfy_v nor_o salve_v the_o inconvenience_n for_o admit_v that_o such_o a_o heir_n female_a be_v at_o full_a age_n at_o the_o death_n of_o her_o ancestor_n unmarried_a for_o it_o do_v lie_v in_o she_o own_o choice_n then_o who_o shall_v be_v her_o husband_n the_o three_o argument_n contra_fw-la three_o if_o such_o husband_n shall_v be_v call_v by_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n the_o writ_n shall_v make_v some_o mention_n thereof_o for_o otherwise_o it_o may_v well_o be_v take_v that_o the_o husband_n be_v choose_v in_o his_o own_o person_n and_o in_o behalf_n of_o himself_o and_o not_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o wife_n or_o such_o pretend_a dignity_n descend_v unto_o he_o but_o there_o be_v never_o such_o a_o writ_n of_o summons_n see_v wherein_o the_o wife_n be_v mention_v and_o if_o the_o husband_n of_o such_o a_o wife_n have_v be_v call_v to_o the_o parliament_n which_o be_v always_o by_o general_n write_v not_o mention_v his_o wife_n he_o be_v thereby_o make_v a_o baron_n of_o himself_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o say_v write_v have_v thus_o hear_v both_o side_n to_o dispute_v place_n it_o do_v now_o require_v to_o interpose_v opinion_n to_o compound_v the_o controversy_n this_o point_n in_o question_n be_v somewhat_o perplex_v by_o mean_n of_o difficult_a precedent_n for_o first_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o some_o precedent_n do_v prove_v that_o barony_n by_o writ_n have_v descend_v unto_o heir_n female_a who_o husband_n have_v be_v call_v to_o parliament_n whether_o in_o regard_n of_o themselves_o or_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o wife_n right_a it_o make_v no_o matter_n but_o since_o it_o be_v that_o the_o marriage_n of_o such_o lady_n give_v that_o occasion_n to_o be_v summon_v and_o such_o husband_n and_o their_o posterity_n have_v and_o do_v lawful_o bear_v the_o same_o title_n of_o dignity_n which_o the_o ancestor_n of_o such_o a_o wife_n do_v before_o rightful_o bear_v for_o by_o this_o controversy_n theâ—e_n be_v no_o purpose_n to_o call_v the_o right_n of_o such_o noble_a house_n into_o question_n howbeit_o second_o this_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v out_o of_o the_o precedent_n and_o to_o be_v acknowledge_v of_o every_o dutiful_a subject_n that_o the_o king_n majesty_n be_v nevertheless_o at_o liberty_n to_o call_v to_o his_o high_a council_n of_o parliament_n who_o he_o shall_v in_o his_o princely_a wisdom_n think_v fit_a which_o by_o his_o majesty_n be_v noble_a progenitor_n have_v in_o former_a age_n likewise_o observe_v and_o therefore_o whereas_o ralph_n lord_n cromwell_n be_v a_o baron_n by_o writ_n die_v without_o issue_n have_v two_o sister_n and_o coheir_n elizabeth_n the_o elder_a who_o marry_v sir_n thomas_n nevile_n knight_n and_o joan_n the_o young_a who_o marry_v sir_n humphrey_n butcher_n knight_n who_o be_v call_v to_o parliament_n as_o lord_n cromwell_n and_o not_o the_o say_a sir_n thomas_n three_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o if_o a_o baron_n by_o writ_n die_v without_o heir_n male_a have_v his_o daughter_n sister_n or_o other_o collateral_a heir_n male_a that_o can_v challenge_v the_o land_n of_o the_o say_a baron_n decease_v by_o any_o ancient_a entail_n or_o otherwise_o the_o title_n of_o such_o a_o heir_n female_a have_v heretofore_o be_v allow_v as_o by_o the_o honourable_a opinion_n and_o relation_n of_o the_o right_n honourable_a the_o late_a commissioner_n in_o the_o office_n of_o earl-marshal_n signify_v unto_o the_o late_a queen_n upon_o petition_n of_o the_o sister_n and_o heir_n of_o gregory_n lord_n dacres_n decease_v may_v appear_v moreover_o in_o the_o same_o pedigree_n of_o the_o lord_n dacres_n it_o be_v express_v that_o thomas_n sometime_o lord_n dacres_n have_v issue_n thomas_n his_o elder_a son_n ralph_n his_o second_o and_o humphrey_z his_o third_z thomas_n the_o elder_a die_v in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n have_v issue_n joan_n daughter_n and_o heir_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o sir_n richard_n fines_n knight_n and_o after_o thomas_n lord_n dacres_n his_o grandfather_n and_o father_n to_o the_o say_v ralph_n and_o humphrey_n die_v after_o who_o death_n henry_n the_o six_o by_o his_o letter_n patent_n bear_v date_n at_o westminster_n the_o seven_o of_o november_n in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n recite_v the_o say_a pedigree_n and_o marriage_n do_v by_o his_o say_a letter_n patent_n accept_v declare_v and_o repute_v the_o say_a richard_n fines_n to_o be_v lord_n dacres_n and_o one_o of_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o afterward_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o four_o the_o say_a humphrey_n dacres_n after_o the_o attainder_n of_o the_o say_v ralph_n and_o himself_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o four_o and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v ralph_n and_o the_o reversal_n of_o the_o say_a act_n by_o another_o act_n in_o the_o twelve_o of_o edward_n the_o four_o the_o say_a humphrey_n make_v challenge_v unto_o the_o say_a barony_n and_o unto_o divers_a land_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n his_o father_n whereupon_o both_o party_n after_o their_o title_n have_v be_v consider_v of_o in_o parliament_n submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o and_o enter_v into_o bond_n each_o to_o other_o for_o the_o performance_n thereof_o whereupon_o the_o say_a king_n in_o his_o award_n under_o his_o privy_a seal_n bear_v date_n at_o westminster_n the_o eight_o of_o april_n anno_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la decimo_fw-la tertio_fw-la do_v award_v that_o the_o say_v richard_n fines_n in_o the_o right_n of_o joan_n his_o wife_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n by_o the_o say_v joan_n beget_v shall_v keep_v have_v and_o use_v the_o same_o seat_n and_o place_n in_o every_o parliament_n as_o the_o say_v thomas_n dacres_n knight_n lord_n dacres_n have_v use_v and_o keep_v and_o that_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n dacres_n knight_n then_o late_a lord_n dacres_n beget_v shall_v have_v and_o hold_v to_o they_o and_o to_o their_o heir_n the_o manor_n of_o holbeach_n and_o further_o that_o the_o say_a king_n edward_n do_v award_v on_o the_o other_o part_n that_o the_o say_v humphrey_n dacres_n knight_n and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n late_a lord_n dacres_n shall_v be_v repute_v have_v name_v and_o call_v the_o lord_n dacres_n of_o gillesland_n and_o that_o he_o and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n then_o late_a lord_n dacres_n shall_v have_v use_v and_o keep_v the_o place_n in_o parliament_n next_o adjoin_v beneath_o the_o say_a place_n which_o the_o say_v richard_n fines_n knight_n lord_n dacres_n then_o have_v and_o occupy_v and_o that_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o say_v joan_n his_o wife_n shall_v have_v and_o enjoy_v and_o that_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n dacres_n late_a lord_n dacres_n shall_v have_v to_o they_o and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o their_o body_n beget_v the_o manor_n of_o jothington_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o note_v that_o the_o name_n of_o the_o ancient_a barony_n namely_o gillesland_n remain_v unto_o the_o heir_n male_a to_o who_o the_o land_n be_v entail_v moreover_o this_o be_v special_o observe_v if_o any_o baron_n by_o writ_n do_v die_v have_v no_o other_o issue_n than_o female_a and_o that_o by_o some_o special_a entail_n or_o other_o assurance_n there_o be_v a_o heir_n male_a which_o do_v enjoy_v all_o or_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n possession_n and_o inheritance_n of_o such_o baron_n decease_v the_o king_n have_v use_v to_o call_v to_o the_o
nobleman_n and_o his_o progenitor_n have_v for_o a_o long_a time_n be_v call_v to_o parliament_n and_o be_v a_o baron_n either_o by_o tenure_n or_o writ_n and_o have_v have_v in_o regard_n thereof_o a_o place_n certain_a in_o parliament_n if_o afterward_o the_o say_a nobleman_n shall_v be_v create_v a_o baron_n of_o that_o barony_n and_o by_o the_o same_o name_n by_o letter_n patent_n whether_o shall_v he_o and_o his_o heir_n retain_v his_o old_a place_n in_o parliament_n which_o he_o have_v according_a to_o his_o former_a dignity_n or_o whether_o shall_v he_o lose_v his_o old_a place_n and_o take_v a_o new_a one_o according_a to_o the_o time_n of_o his_o creation_n answer_n the_o case_n of_o the_o lord_n delaware_n late_o erect_v a_o resolution_n somewhat_o answerable_a to_o this_o question_n thomas_n delaware_n in_o the_o three_o of_o edward_n the_o six_o be_v in_o some_o displeasure_n with_o william_n west_n his_o heir_n and_o nephew_n who_o be_v father_n to_o thomas_n late_a lord_n delaware_n and_o grandfather_n to_o henry_n lord_n delaware_n that_o nevis_n procure_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n by_o which_o the_o say_a william_n west_n be_v during_o his_o natural_a life_n only_o clear_o disable_v to_o claim_v demand_n or_o have_v any_o manner_n of_o right_n title_n or_o interest_n by_o descent_n remainder_n or_o otherwise_o in_o or_o to_o the_o manor_n land_n tenement_n or_o hereditament_n title_n and_o dignity_n of_o thomas_n lord_n delaware_n his_o uncle_n etc._n etc._n after_o the_o say_v thomas_n delaware_n die_v and_o the_o say_v william_n west_n be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n mary_n attaint_v of_o treason_n by_o verdict_n but_o pardon_v by_o the_o say_a queen_n and_o afterward_o by_o parliament_n in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n elixabeth_n be_v restore_v and_o in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o her_o reign_n be_v create_v lord_n delaware_n by_o patent_n and_o take_v place_n in_o parliament_n according_o for_o that_o by_o the_o say_a act_n of_o parliament_n of_o edward_n the_o six_o he_o be_v exclude_v to_o challenge_v the_o former_a ancient_a barony_n and_o after_o he_o die_v now_o whether_o thomas_n delaware_n shall_v take_v his_o place_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a barony_n by_o writ_n or_o according_a to_o his_o father_n creation_n by_o patent_n be_v the_o question_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n council_n be_v his_o majesty_n be_v attorney_n general_n and_o solicitor_n be_v that_o the_o acceptance_n of_o the_o new_a creation_n by_o the_o say_v william_n west_n can_v not_o extinguish_v the_o ancient_a dignity_n for_o that_o he_o have_v not_o the_o ancient_a dignity_n in_o he_o at_o that_o time_n of_o his_o creation_n but_o the_o dignity_n be_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 3_o edw._n 6._o in_o the_o balance_n of_o suspense_n or_o consideration_n of_o law_n and_o he_o thereby_o utter_o disable_v to_o have_v the_o same_o during_o his_o life_n only_o so_o as_o other_o acceptance_n can_v not_o extinguish_v that_o dignity_n which_o he_o then_o have_v not_o nor_o can_v not_o conclude_v his_o heir_n who_o be_v not_o disable_v by_o the_o parliament_n 3_o edw._n 6._o to_o claim_v the_o ancient_a barony_n which_o opinion_n of_o they_o be_v see_v and_o allow_v by_o the_o then_o chief_a justice_n of_o england_n and_o lord_n chief_a baron_n and_o so_o signify_v to_o the_o lord_n keeper_n but_o this_o to_o be_v note_v by_o the_o reason_n make_v for_o the_o say_a resolution_n though_o if_o the_o say_a sir_n william_n west_n have_v be_v baron_n and_o entitle_v and_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o ancient_a dignity_n when_o he_o accept_v the_o ancient_a creation_n the_o law_n perchance_o may_v have_v be_v otherwise_o but_o that_o remain_v as_o yet_o unresolved_a nevertheless_o the_o rule_n be_v eodem_fw-la modo_fw-la quo_fw-la quid_fw-la constituitur_fw-la dissolvitur_fw-la but_o by_o a_o grant_v which_o be_v but_o a_o matter_n of_o fact_n a_o man_n can_v transfer_v his_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o degree_n of_o baron_n within_o this_o realm_n upon_o this_o occasion_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n and_o direction_n of_o that_o which_o follow_v to_o be_v handle_v and_o in_o this_o place_n i_o think_v it_o not_o impertinent_a to_o mention_v one_o case_n which_o i_o meet_v with_o in_o our_o book_n of_o common_a law_n concern_v the_o descent_n of_o a_o title_n of_o honour_n whereof_o the_o ancestor_n have_v estate_n in_o feesimple_n there_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o the_o law_n possessio_fw-la fratris_fw-la in_o feodo_fw-la facit_fw-la sororemesse_n haeredem_fw-la but_o if_o a_o man_n by_o any_o of_o the_o three_o mean_n aforesaid_a be_v create_v into_o a_o title_n of_o dignity_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o and_o so_o have_v issue_n by_o one_o wife_n a_o son_n and_o a_o daughter_n and_o have_v also_o a_o son_n by_o a_o second_o wife_n afterward_o the_o father_n die_v and_o his_o elder_a son_n enter_v into_o all_o his_o father_n inheritance_n and_o also_o enjoy_v the_o title_n and_o dignity_n which_o his_o father_n have_v but_o die_v without_o issue_n in_o this_o case_n the_o dignity_n shall_v descend_v upon_o the_o young_a son_n though_o he_o be_v but_o of_o the_o half_a blood_n to_o he_o that_o last_o enjoy_v that_o name_n and_o title_n of_o descent_n and_o shall_v not_o descend_v to_o his_o sister_n of_o the_o whole_a blood_n and_o yet_o in_o this_o case_n he_o shall_v only_o be_v her_o brother_n heir_n of_o all_o his_o feesimple_n land_n and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o be_v because_o possessio_fw-la fratris_fw-la be_v the_o name_n and_o sole_a cause_n which_o may_v give_v title_n to_o she_o his_o sister_n which_o fail_v in_o this_o case_n of_o dignity_n for_o it_o can_v be_v say_v that_o her_o elder_a brother_n be_v in_o possession_n of_o his_o title_n of_o honour_n no_o more_o than_o of_o his_o blood_n so_o as_o neither_o by_o his_o own_o act_n nor_o any_o act_n to_o be_v do_v by_o any_o other_o do_v gain_v more_o actual_a possession_n if_o so_o it_o may_v be_v term_v then_o by_o the_o law_n do_v descend_v to_o he_o and_o therefore_o the_o young_a brother_n may_v well_o by_o the_o law_n make_v himself_o heir_n unto_o his_o father_n of_o the_o honour_n that_o he_o can_v be_v heir_n unto_o his_o brother_n so_o that_o this_o word_n possession_n which_o be_v no_o other_o than_o pedis_fw-la positio_fw-la extend_v only_o unto_o such_o thing_n of_o which_o a_o man_n may_v by_o hâ—s_n entry_n or_o other_o act_n be_v possess_v and_o do_v require_v actual_a possession_n coke_n three_o part_n 92._o have_v thus_o much_o treat_v concern_v the_o creation_n and_o other_o thing_n incident_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o nobility_n i_o can_v omit_v some_o thing_n concern_v the_o sufficiency_n and_o ability_n of_o estate_n which_o the_o law_n do_v require_v to_o be_v in_o every_o of_o they_o according_a to_o their_o several_a dignity_n the_o common_a law_n which_o always_o will_v decorum_n and_o conveniency_n be_v observe_v consider_v the_o charge_n and_o dignity_n appertain_v to_o these_o degree_n and_o dignity_n be_v office_n of_o principal_a service_n to_o the_o king_n and_o realm_n both_o in_o war_n and_o peace_n have_v order_v that_o each_o of_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v a_o convenient_a portion_n and_o inheritance_n in_o land_n to_o support_v the_o say_a dignity_n which_o supply_n be_v as_o sinew_n conjoin_v in_o the_o same_o for_o in_o virtue_n and_o riches_n as_o aristotle_n confess_v all_o the_o old_a nobility_n consist_v and_o which_o two_o property_n make_v a_o good_a compliment_n for_o utilior_fw-la est_fw-la sapientia_fw-la cum_fw-la divitiis_fw-la conjuncta_fw-la therefore_o a_o knight_n fee_n which_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v twenty_o pound_n land_n by_o the_o year_n a_o baron_n thirteen_o knight_n fee_n and_o a_o quarter_n and_o a_o earl_n twenty_o knight_n fe_n for_o always_o the_o four_o part_n of_o each_o revenue_n which_o be_v by_o the_o law_n hold_v requisite_a for_o the_o dignity_n shall_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n for_o the_o relief_n as_o for_o example_n the_o relief_n of_o a_o knight_n be_v five_o pound_n which_o be_v the_o one_o four_o of_o his_o revenue_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o second_o the_o relief_n of_o a_o baron_n be_v one_o hundred_o mark_n which_o be_v also_o the_o four_o part_n of_o his_o revenue_n and_o the_o relief_n of_o a_o earl_n be_v one_o hundred_o pound_n alâ—o_o the_o four_o part_n of_o his_o revenue_n and_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o record_n of_o the_o exchequer_n that_o the_o relief_n of_o a_o duke_n amount_v unto_o three_o hundred_o pound_n and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n in_o our_o book_n that_o every_o of_o the_o nobility_n be_v presume_v in_o the_o law_n to_o have_v sufficient_a freehold_n ad_fw-la sustinendum_fw-la nomen_fw-la &_o onus_fw-la and_o to_o what_o value_n
to_o prejudice_v he_o touch_v his_o mother_n inheritance_n who_o also_o do_v not_o offend_v or_o contrariwise_o especial_o in_o case_n where_o the_o mother_n be_v seize_v of_o a_o estate_n in_o feesimple_n either_o in_o land_n or_o tenement_n or_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o this_o be_v the_o case_n if_o i_o be_v not_o mistake_v of_o philip_n late_a earl_n of_o arundel_n notwithstanding_o the_o attainder_n of_o thomas_n duke_n of_o norfolk_n his_o father_n for_o he_o have_v that_o earldom_n in_o right_a of_o his_o mother_n but_o they_o do_v agree_v that_o if_o the_o land_n or_o tenement_n or_o a_o title_n of_o honour_n be_v give_v to_o a_o man_n and_o to_o his_o wife_n in_o tail_n who_o have_v issue_n the_o father_n be_v attaint_v of_o treason_n and_o execute_v though_o this_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o husband_n shall_v be_v no_o bar_n to_o the_o wife_n concern_v her_o interest_n by_o survivorship_n yet_o their_o issue_n be_v bar_v by_o the_o statute_n 26_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 13._o and_o his_o blood_n corrupt_v for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o heir_n must_v necessary_o make_v himself_o heir_n as_o well_o of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o one_o as_o of_o the_o other_o and_o yet_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n 32_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 28._o be_v that_o no_o fine_a feoffment_n or_o other_o act_n or_o act_n hereafter_o to_o be_v make_v or_o suffer_v by_o the_o husband_n only_o of_o any_o manor_n land_n tenement_n or_o hereditament_n be_v the_o inheritance_n or_o freehold_a of_o his_o wife_n during_o the_o coverture_n between_o they_o shall_v in_o any_o wise_a be_v or_o make_v any_o discontinuance_n or_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o say_a wife_n or_o to_o her_o heir_n or_o to_o such_o as_o shall_v have_v right_a title_n or_o interest_n to_o the_o same_o by_o the_o death_n of_o such_o wife_n or_o wife_n but_o the_o same_o wife_n or_o her_o heir_n and_o such_o other_o to_o who_o such_o right_n shall_v appertain_v after_o her_o decease_n shall_v or_o may_v then_o lawful_o enter_v into_o all_o such_o manor_n land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n according_a to_o their_o right_n and_o title_n therein_o for_o there_o be_v adversity_n take_v and_o agree_v for_o law_n between_o a_o discontinuance_n which_o do_v imply_v a_o wrong_n and_o a_o lawful_a baron_n which_o do_v imply_v a_o right_n and_o therefore_o if_o land_n be_v give_v to_o the_o husband_n and_o the_o wife_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n beget_v and_o the_o husband_n levy_v a_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n or_o do_v commit_v high_a treason_n and_o die_v and_o the_o wife_n before_o or_o after_o entry_n die_v the_o issue_n be_v bar_v and_o the_o comisee_fw-mi for_o the_o king_n have_v right_a unto_o the_o land_n because_o the_o issue_n can_v claim_v as_o heir_n unto_o both_o and_o with_o this_o do_v agree_v dyer_n 351._o b._n adjudge_v vide_fw-la 5_o hen._n 7._o 32._o cott_n assize_n coke_n eight_o part_n 27._o where_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o statute_n 32_o hen._n 8._o do_v extend_v only_o unto_o discontinuance_n although_o the_o act_n have_v general_a word_n or_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o wife_n or_o her_o heir_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o conclusion_n if_o she_o shall_v lawful_o enter_v etc._n etc._n according_a to_o their_o right_n and_o title_n therein_o which_o they_o can_v do_v when_o they_o be_v bar_v and_o have_v no_o right_n title_n and_o interest_n and_o this_o statute_n do_v give_v advantage_n unto_o the_o wife_n etc._n etc._n so_o long_o as_o she_o have_v right_a but_o it_o do_v not_o extend_v to_o take_v away_o a_o future_a bar_n although_o the_o statute_n do_v give_v entry_n without_o limitation_n of_o any_o time_n nevertheless_o the_o entry_n must_v attend_v upon_o the_o right_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o wife_n be_v seize_v in_o feesimple_n and_o her_o husband_n levy_v a_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n unto_o another_o and_o die_v now_o the_o wife_n may_v enter_v by_o force_n of_o the_o statute_n for_o as_o yet_o that_o fine_a be_v not_o any_o bar_n unto_o she_o but_o her_o right_n do_v remain_v which_o she_o may_v continue_v by_o entry_n but_o if_o she_o do_v surcease_v her_o time_n and_o the_o five_o year_n do_v pass_v without_o entry_n etc._n etc._n now_o by_o force_n of_o the_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n and_o five_o year_n pass_v after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n she_o be_v bar_v of_o her_o right_n and_o by_o consequence_n she_o can_v enter_v and_o the_o statute_n do_v speak_v of_o fine_a only_a and_o not_o of_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n if_o there_o be_v father_n and_o son_n and_o the_o father_n be_v seize_v of_o land_n hold_v in_o capite_fw-la or_o otherwise_o by_o knight_n service_n the_o king_n do_v create_v the_o son_n duke_n earl_n or_o other_o degree_n of_o nobility_n and_o afterward_o the_o father_n die_v his_o son_n be_v within_o the_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n he_o shall_v be_v no_o ward_n but_o if_o the_o king_n have_v make_v he_o knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n he_o shall_v not_o have_v be_v in_o ward_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n neither_o for_o the_o land_n descend_v nor_o for_o his_o marriage_n though_o he_o be_v within_o age._n nobility_n and_o lord_n in_o reputation_n only_a chap._n fourteen_o there_o be_v also_o other_o lord_n in_o reputation_n and_o appellation_n who_o nevertheless_o be_v not_o the_o jure_fw-la neither_o can_v they_o enjoy_v the_o privilege_n of_o those_o of_o the_o nobility_n that_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n the_o son_n and_o heir_n of_o a_o duke_n during_o his_o father_n life_n be_v only_o in_o courtesy_n of_o speech_n and_o honour_n call_v a_o earl_n and_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o a_o marquis_n or_o a_o earl_n a_o lord_n but_o not_o so_o in_o legal_a proceed_n or_o in_o the_o king_n court_n of_o judicature_n but_o the_o king_n may_v at_o his_o pleasure_n create_v they_o in_o the_o life_n of_o their_o ancestor_n into_o any_o degree_n of_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o according_a to_o the_o german_a custom_n all_o the_o young_a son_n of_o duke_n and_o marquess_n be_v call_v lord_n but_o by_o courtesy_n only_o which_o title_n descend_v not_o to_o their_o heir_n a_o duke_n or_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o a_o foreign_a nation_n do_v come_v into_o this_o land_n by_o the_o king_n be_v safe_a conduct_n in_o which_o say_v letter_n of_o safe_a conduct_n he_o be_v name_v a_o duke_n according_a to_o his_o creation_n yet_o that_o appellation_n make_v he_o not_o a_o duke_n etc._n etc._n to_o sue_v or_o be_v sue_v by_o that_o name_n within_o this_o realm_n but_o be_v only_o so_o by_o reputation_n but_o if_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n or_o other_o sovereign_a king_n come_v into_o england_n under_o safe_a conduct_n he_o during_o his_o abode_n here_o aught_o to_o be_v style_v by_o the_o name_n of_o king_n and_o to_o retain_v his_o honour_n although_o not_o his_o regal_a command_n and_o power_n and_o in_o this_o case_n may_v be_v observe_v by_o the_o way_n that_o no_o sovereign_a king_n may_v enter_v into_o this_o realm_n without_o licence_n though_o he_o be_v in_o league_n all_o the_o young_a son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n and_o earl_n by_o their_o birth_n without_o any_o other_o creation_n and_o if_o a_o englishman_n be_v create_v earl_n of_o the_o empire_n or_o some_o other_o title_n of_o honour_n by_o the_o emperor_n or_o other_o monarch_n he_o shall_v not_o bear_v that_o dignity_n in_o england_n but_o be_v only_o a_o earl_n in_o reputation_n a_o lord_n or_o peer_n of_o scotland_n or_o ireland_n be_v not_o of_o the_o nobility_n or_o peerage_n of_o england_n in_o all_o court_n of_o justice_n although_o he_o be_v common_o repute_v a_o lord_n and_o have_v privilege_n as_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o queen_n consort_n and_o of_o noble_z women_z chap._n xv._n a_o queen_n so_o call_v from_o the_o sâ—xon_a word_n cuningine_n as_o the_o king_n from_o cuning_n by_o variation_n of_o gender_n only_o as_o be_v their_o manner_n signify_v power_n and_o knowledge_n and_o thereby_o denote_v the_o sovereignty_n due_a unto_o they_o which_o they_o enjoy_v in_o those_o day_n and_o do_v now_o in_o most_o nation_n be_v capable_a of_o the_o royal_a diadem_n by_o the_o common_a right_n of_o inheritance_n for_o want_v of_o heir_n male_n but_o in_o france_n by_o the_o salic_a law_n the_o sex_n be_v exclude_v from_o their_o inheritance_n by_o which_o they_o debar_v the_o english_a title_n to_o their_o crown_n there_o be_v three_o kind_n of_o person_n capable_a of_o the_o title_n and_o dignity_n of_o queen_n among_o we_o and_o each_o of_o they_o different_a in_o power_n and_o privilege_n the_o first_o be_v a_o queen_n sovereign_n to_o who_o the_o crown_n descend_v by_o birthright_n
honour_n deport_v themselves_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o military_a knight_n of_o those_o day_n to_o look_v further_o back_o ancient_a history_n do_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o amazon_n of_o old_a who_o fame_n in_o arm_n be_v sufficient_o know_v although_o noble_a woman_n may_v not_o sit_v in_o parliament_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o sex_n yet_o they_o be_v in_o law_n peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o prerogative_n before_o mention_v which_o to_o the_o nobleman_n be_v belong_v do_v appertain_v unto_o they_o but_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o man_n have_v be_v that_o a_o countess_n baronness_n and_o other_o woman_n of_o great_a estate_n can_v maintain_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr scandalis_n magnatum_fw-la because_o the_o statute_n 2_o rich._n 2._o speak_v but_o of_o prelate_n duke_n earls_z baron_n and_o of_o the_o chancellor_n treasurer_n privy_a seal_n steward_n of_o the_o king_n household_n and_o other_o noble_n great_a officer_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o which_o word_n they_o conceive_v that_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o maker_n of_o that_o statute_n be_v only_o to_o provide_v in_o that_o case_n for_o nobleman_n and_o not_o for_o noble_a woman_n also_o if_o any_o of_o the_o king_n servant_n within_o the_o check-roll_n do_v conspire_v the_o death_n of_o any_o noble_a woman_n it_o be_v not_o felony_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o statute_n 3_o hen._n 7._o 18._o honourable_a woman_n as_o before_o note_v be_v of_o three_o sort_n by_o creation_n by_o descent_n and_o by_o marriage_n and_o the_o king_n may_v create_v any_o woman_n into_o any_o title_n of_o honour_n at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o the_o king_n by_o his_o letter_n patent_n open_o read_v in_o parliament_n without_o any_o other_o investure_n do_v create_v mary_n fane_n widow_n the_o sole_a daughter_n of_o baron_n of_o aburgaveny_n baronness_n de_fw-fr le_fw-fr spencer_n noble_a woman_n by_o descent_n be_v either_o those_o to_o who_o the_o land_n hold_v by_o such_o dignity_n do_v descend_v as_o heir_n and_o they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v honourable_a by_o tenure_n or_o by_o who_o worthy_a ancestor_n to_o who_o they_o be_v heir_n be_v seize_v of_o a_o estate_n descendable_a to_o they_o in_o their_o title_n of_o dukedom_n earldom_n or_o barony_n or_o those_o who_o ancestor_n be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n for_o hereby_o also_o inheritance_n do_v accrue_v to_o their_o posterity_n noble_a woman_n be_v also_o those_o who_o do_v take_v to_o their_o husband_n any_o lord_n or_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n although_o they_o themselves_o be_v not_o of_o any_o degree_n of_o nobility_n question_n and_o doubt_n have_v be_v make_v whether_o if_o a_o man_n be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n and_o afterward_o die_v without_o issue_n male_a the_o dignity_n and_o title_n of_o honour_n may_v descend_v to_o the_o heir_n female_a and_o many_o argument_n have_v be_v pro_fw-la &_o contra_fw-la in_o that_o case_n which_o at_o this_o time_n i_o purposely_o omit_v because_o i_o have_v before_o discourse_v thereof_o in_o the_o chapter_n of_o baron_n concern_v the_o title_n of_o honour_n descendable_a to_o the_o heir_n female_a by_o reason_n of_o a_o tenure_n of_o her_o ancestor_n there_o need_v no_o more_o doubt_n to_o be_v make_v than_o of_o office_n of_o honour_n the_o which_o do_v much_o support_v the_o public_a wealth_n and_o be_v of_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n do_v descend_v to_o the_o heir_n female_a if_o there_o be_v no_o near_o heir_n male_a as_o the_o office_n of_o high_a constableship_n of_o england_n challenge_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o by_o the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n and_o adjudge_v by_o the_o advise_v and_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n as_o by_o a_o note_n of_o that_o case_n extant_a whereof_o dyer_n in_o his_o report_n have_v a_o memorial_n 205._o b._n kelway_n the_o six_o of_o henry_n the_o eight_o 170._o b._n which_o descend_v to_o the_o daughter_n of_o humphrey_n de_fw-fr bohune_n earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o essex_n as_o before_o be_v declare_v the_o office_n of_o the_o lord_n steward_n descend_v to_o blanch_n daughter_n of_o henry_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n in_o who_o right_a john_n of_o gaunt_n her_o husband_n enjoy_v the_o same_o the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o office_n of_o earl-marshal_n which_o descend_v by_o a_o heir_n female_a unto_o the_o house_n of_o norfolk_n all_o which_o office_n be_v as_o unfit_a to_o be_v exercise_v by_o a_o woman_n as_o for_o a_o woman_n of_o honour_n to_o be_v summon_v to_o the_o parliament_n and_o when_o a_o title_n of_o honour_n do_v descend_v to_o a_o woman_n if_o question_n in_o law_n do_v arise_v between_o the_o say_v noble_a woman_n and_o any_o other_o person_n whether_o she_o be_v of_o that_o degree_n of_o nobleness_n or_o no_o the_o issue_n shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o record_n thereof_o and_o by_o the_o king_n be_v write_v it_o shall_v be_v certify_v and_o not_o by_o a_o jury_n of_o twelve_o man_n even_o as_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v in_o case_n her_o ancestor_n have_v be_v party_n although_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n regular_o do_v make_v all_o the_o daughter_n where_o there_o be_v no_o son_n equal_o to_o inherit_v land_n and_o tenement_n and_o to_o be_v but_o one_o heir_n to_o their_o ancestor_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o so_o in_o the_o descent_n of_o dignity_n and_o title_n of_o honour_n for_o inheritance_n concern_v matter_n of_o honour_n be_v thing_n in_o their_o nature_n participate_v of_o superiority_n and_o eminency_n be_v not_o partable_a among_o many_o and_o therefore_o must_v of_o necessity_n descend_v unto_o one_o and_o that_o be_v to_o the_o elder_a daughter_n sister_n aunt_n or_o cousin_n female_a and_o inheritable_a where_o there_o be_v no_o heir_n males_n that_o may_v lawful_o challenge_v the_o same_o and_o so_o in_o this_o point_n be_v the_o civil_a law_n nevertheless_o there_o be_v a_o judgement_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o touch_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o earldom_n of_o chester_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o earl_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n his_o sister_n be_v his_o heir_n which_o judgement_n be_v that_o the_o say_a earldom_n shall_v be_v divide_v among_o the_o say_a copartner_n as_o the_o other_o land_n and_o that_o the_o elder_a shall_v not_o have_v it_o alone_o but_o this_o judgement_n be_v hold_v erroneous_a even_o in_o those_o time_n wherein_o it_o be_v give_v for_o bracton_n a_o learned_a judge_n who_o live_v in_o that_o age_n write_v thereof_o treat_v of_o partition_n between_o copartner_n lib._n 2._o case_n 24._o by_o which_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o barony_n and_o dignity_n of_o honour_n do_v by_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n descend_v unto_o the_o elder_a copartner_n and_o the_o judgement_n give_v once_o to_o the_o contrary_a thereof_o bracton_n do_v right_o account_v to_o be_v unjust_a his_o reason_n be_v notable_a forasmuch_o as_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o chivalry_n of_o this_o realm_n do_v chief_o consist_v in_o the_o nobility_n reason_n will_v not_o that_o such_o dignity_n shall_v be_v divide_v among_o copartner_n whereby_o through_o multitude_n of_o partition_n the_o reputation_n of_o honour_n in_o such_o succession_n and_o so_o divide_v may_v be_v impair_v or_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v draw_v into_o many_o hand_n with_o decrease_n of_o livelihood_n by_o such_o partition_n shall_v be_v enfeeble_v in_o which_o resolution_n britton_n the_o learned_a bishop_n of_o hereford_n who_o compile_v his_o book_n of_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n by_o the_o commandment_n and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o accord_v britton_n 187._o and_o therefore_o howsoever_o the_o judgement_n be_v give_v or_o whensoever_o it_o be_v nevertheless_o very_o evident_a that_o it_o be_v soon_o redress_v for_o if_o it_o be_v give_v upon_o the_o death_n of_o ralph_n the_o last_o of_o that_o name_n earl_n of_o chester_n who_o die_v about_o the_o seven_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o without_o issue_n the_o writer_n of_o that_o time_n do_v testify_v that_o the_o earldom_n of_o chester_n come_v whole_o unto_o john_n scott_n the_o son_n of_o david_n earl_n of_o huntingdon_n and_o auguish_v and_o maud_n the_o elder_a sister_n of_o the_o say_v ralph_n if_o it_o be_v give_v upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v john_n scott_n who_o die_v about_o the_o four_o and_o twenty_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o without_o issue_n yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o say_a judgement_n stand_v in_o force_n for_o that_o the_o say_a king_n assume_v the_o earldom_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n upon_o other_o satisfaction_n make_v to_o the_o say_a sister_n copartner_n of_o the_o say_v john_n scottâ—_n ne_fw-fr tanta_fw-la haereditas_fw-la inter_fw-la colos_fw-la deduceretur_fw-la matth._n paris_n monaster_n sancti_fw-la allane_n in_o crompton_n fol._n 366._o b._n nevertheless_o you_o may_v read_v in_o this_o treatise_n of_o
heraldry_n write_v by_o john_n guillim_n about_o fol._n 18._o that_o sister_n be_v allow_v no_o difference_n of_o badge_n in_o their_o coat-armour_n by_o reason_n that_o by_o they_o the_o name_n of_o the_o house_n can_v be_v preserve_v but_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o inheritance_n equal_o and_o be_v adjudge_v but_o one_o heir_n to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n whatsoever_o and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o point_n in_o these_o day_n be_v worthy_a to_o be_v inquire_v into_o for_o this_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v out_o of_o precedent_n and_o to_o be_v acknowledge_v of_o every_o dutiful_a subject_n that_o the_o king_n can_v advance_v to_o honour_n who_o he_o please_v and_o therefore_o whereas_o radulph_n cromwell_n be_v a_o baron_n by_o writ_n die_v without_o issue_n have_v two_o sister_n and_o coheir_n elizabeth_n the_o elder_a marry_v unto_o sir_n thomas_n nevil_n knight_n and_o joan_n the_o young_a marry_v to_o sir_n humphrey_n bowcher_n who_o be_v call_v to_o parliament_n as_o lord_n cromwell_n and_o not_o the_o say_a sir_n thomas_n nevil_n who_o marry_v the_o elder_a sister_n and_o hugh_n lupus_n the_o first_o and_o great_a earl_n of_o chester_n habendum_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la adeo_fw-la libere_fw-la per_fw-la gladium_fw-la sicut_fw-la iple_n rex_fw-la tenuit_fw-la angliam_fw-la per_fw-la tenorem_fw-la hugh_n die_v without_o issue_n and_o the_o inheritance_n of_o his_o earldom_n be_v divide_v among_o his_o four_o sister_n and_o the_o elder_a have_v not_o the_o seignory_n entire_a unto_o herself_o if_o a_o woman_n be_v noble_a by_o birth_n or_o descent_n with_o whosoever_o she_o do_v marry_v although_o her_o husband_n be_v under_o her_o degree_n yet_o she_o do_v remain_v noble_a for_o birthright_n est_fw-fr character_n indelebilis_fw-la other_o woman_n be_v ennoble_v by_o marriage_n and_o the_o text_n say_v thus_o viz._n woman_n ennoble_v with_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o husband_n and_o with_o the_o kindred_n of_o their_o husband_n we_o worship_v they_o in_o the_o court_n we_o decree_v matter_n to_o pass_v in_o the_o name_n of_o their_o husband_n and_o into_o the_o house_n and_o surname_n of_o their_o husband_n do_v we_o translate_v they_o but_o if_o afterward_o a_o woman_n do_v marry_v with_o a_o man_n of_o a_o base_a degree_n than_o she_o lose_v her_o former_a dignity_n and_o follow_v the_o condition_n of_o her_o latter_a husband_n and_o concern_v the_o second_o disparage_v marriage_n as_o aforesaid_a many_o other_o book_n of_o the_o law_n do_v agree_v for_o these_o be_v rule_n conceive_v in_o those_o case_n si_fw-la mulier_fw-la nobilis_fw-la nupserit_fw-la ignobili_fw-la desinit_fw-la esse_fw-la nobilis_fw-la &_o eodem_fw-la modo_fw-la quo_fw-la quid_fw-la constituitur_fw-la dissolvitur_fw-la it_o be_v the_o case_n of_o ralph_n howard_n esq_n who_o take_v to_o wife_n anne_n the_o widow_n of_o the_o lord_n powes_n they_o bring_v a_o action_n against_o the_o duke_n of_o suffolk_n by_o the_o name_n of_o ralph_n howard_n esq_n and_o the_o lady_n anne_n powes_n his_o wife_n and_o exception_n be_v take_v for_o mis-naming_a of_o she_o because_o she_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v name_v of_o her_o husband_n name_n and_o not_o otherwise_o and_o the_o exception_n be_v by_o the_o court_n allow_v for_o say_v they_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n she_o be_v sub_fw-la potestate_fw-la viri_fw-la and_o by_o our_o law_n her_o name_n of_o dignity_n shall_v be_v change_v according_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o her_o husband_n notwithstanding_o the_o courtesy_n of_o the_o lady_n of_o honour_n and_o court_n dyer_n 79._o and_o the_o like_a be_v also_o in_o queen_n mary_n reign_n when_o the_o duchess_n of_o suffolk_n take_v to_o her_o husband_n adrian_n brook_n title_n brief_n 54._o 6._o and_o many_o other_o precedent_n have_v be_v of_o late_a time_n and_o herewith_o agree_v the_o civil_a law_n digest_v lib._n 1._o title_n q._n lege_fw-la 1._o in_o this_o case_n of_o acquire_v nobility_n by_o marriage_n if_o question_n in_o law_n be_v whereupon_o a_o issue_n be_v take_v between_o the_o party_n that_o be_v to_o say_v duchess_n be_v not_o duchess_n countess_n be_v not_o countess_n and_o baroness_n be_v not_o baroness_n the_o trial_n whereof_o shall_v not_o be_v by_o record_n as_o in_o the_o former_a case_n but_o by_o a_o jury_n of_o twelve_o man_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o diversity_n be_v because_o in_o this_o case_n the_o dignity_n be_v accrue_v unto_o she_o by_o her_o marriage_n which_o the_o lawyer_n term_v matter_n in_o fact_n and_o not_o by_o any_o record_n but_o a_o noble_a woman_n by_o marriage_n though_o she_o take_v to_o her_o second_o husband_n a_o man_n of_o mean_a degree_n yet_o she_o may_v keep_v two_o chaplain_n according_a to_o the_o proviso_n in_o the_o statute_n of_o 11._o hen._n 8._o case_n 13._o for_o and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o honour_n which_o once_o she_o have_v viz._n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o retainer_n and_o every_o such_o chaplain_n may_v purchase_v licence_n and_o dispensation_n etc._n etc._n and_o chaplain_n may_v not_o be_v non-residents_a afterward_o and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o retain_v of_o chaplain_n by_o lady_n of_o great_a estate_n be_v ordinary_a and_o nevertheless_o some_o question_n in_o law_n have_v be_v concern_v the_o true_a understanding_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n law_n i_o think_v it_o not_o impertinent_a to_o set_v down_o subsequent_a resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n touch_v such_o matter_n so_o long_o as_o the_o wife_n of_o a_o duke_n be_v call_v duchess_n or_o of_o a_o earl_n a_o countess_n and_o have_v the_o fruition_n of_o the_o honour_n appertain_v to_o their_o estate_n with_o kneel_v taste_v serve_v so_o long_o shall_v a_o baron_n widow_n be_v salute_v lady_n as_o be_v also_o a_o knight_n wife_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o england_n quamdiâ—_n matrimonium_fw-la aut_fw-la viduitas_fw-la uxoris_fw-la durant_fw-mi except_o she_o happen_v to_o clope_v with_o a_o adulterer_n for_o as_o the_o law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n do_v adjudge_v that_o a_o woman_n shall_v lose_v her_o dowry_n in_o that_o as_o unto_o land_n tenement_n and_o justice_n so_o do_v the_o law_n of_o gentry_n and_o nobleness_n give_v sentence_n against_o such_o a_o woman_n advance_v to_o title_n of_o dignity_n by_o the_o husband_n to_o be_v unworthy_a to_o enjoy_v the_o same_o when_o she_o put_v her_o husband_n out_o of_o her_o mind_n subject_n herself_o unto_o another_o if_o a_o lady_n which_o be_v marry_v come_v through_o the_o forest_n she_o shall_v not_o take_v any_o thing_n but_o a_o duchess_n marchioness_n or_o countess_n shall_v have_v advantage_n of_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr charta_fw-la forest._n 12_o artic._n during_o the_o time_n that_o she_o be_v unmarried_a this_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n si_fw-mi filia_fw-la regis_fw-la nubat_fw-la alicui_fw-la duci_fw-la vel_fw-la comiti_fw-la ducetur_fw-la tamen_fw-la semper_fw-la regalis_fw-la as_o among_o noble_a woman_n there_o be_v a_o difference_n of_o degree_n so_o according_a to_o their_o distinct_a excellency_n the_o law_n do_v give_v special_a privilege_n as_o follow_v by_o the_o statute_n 25_o edw._n 3._o cap._n 1._o it_o be_v high_a treason_n to_o compass_v or_o imagine_v the_o death_n of_o the_o queen_n or_o to_o violate_v the_o king_n companion_n the_o king_n response_n be_v a_o sole_a person_n except_o by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o she_o may_v purchase_v in_o feesimple_n or_o make_v lease_n or_o grant_n with_o the_o king_n she_o may_v plead_v and_o be_v implead_v which_o no_o other_o marry_v woman_n can_v do_v without_o her_o husband_n all_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o any_o cause_n which_o any_o way_n may_v concern_v the_o queen_n be_v such_o statute_n whereof_o the_o judge_n ought_v to_o take_v recognizance_n as_o of_o general_a statute_n though_o the_o matter_n do_v only_o concern_v the_o capacity_n of_o the_o queen_n yet_o it_o do_v also_o concern_v all_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o realm_n for_o every_o subject_a have_v interest_n in_o the_o king_n and_o none_o of_o his_o subject_n within_o his_o law_n be_v divide_v from_o the_o king_n who_o be_v head_n and_o sovereign_n so_o that_o his_o business_n concern_v all_o the_o realm_n and_o as_o the_o realm_n have_v interest_n in_o the_o king_n so_o and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n be_v the_o queen_n be_v his_o wife_n a_o man_n seize_v of_o divers_a land_n in_o fee_n hold_v by_o knight_n service_n some_o by_o priority_n that_o be_v by_o ancient_a feoffment_n hold_v of_o other_o and_o some_o other_o part_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o posteriority_n the_o king_n grant_v his_o seignory_n to_o the_o queen_n during_o her_o life_n and_o afterward_o the_o tenant_n die_v his_o son_n within_o age_n in_o this_o case_n he_o shall_v have_v the_o wardship_n of_o the_o body_n and_o have_v the_o prerogative_n even_o as_o the_o king_n himself_o shall_v have_v have_v the_o queen_n consort_n or_o dowager_n shall_v not_o be_v amerce_v if_o she_o be_v nonsuited_a
his_o enemy_n by_o forty_o day_n well_o and_o convenient_o array_v for_o the_o war._n in_o this_o case_n the_o law_n have_v such_o regard_n to_o the_o dignity_n of_o knighthood_n that_o he_o may_v find_v a_o able_a person_n to_o go_v for_o he_o and_o the_o knight_n be_v not_o compel_v by_o his_o tenure_n to_o go_v in_o person_n as_o ordinary_a soldier_n who_o be_v hire_v or_o retain_v by_o prest-money_n or_o wage_n there_o have_v be_v many_o and_o vary_a opinion_n of_o the_o contrary_n of_o a_o knight_n fee_n as_o you_o may_v read_v in_o coke_n nine_o part_n 122._o and_o there_o it_o be_v prove_v that_o antiquity_n have_v think_v that_o twenty_o pound_n in_o land_n be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v the_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n as_o it_o do_v appear_v in_o the_o ancient_a treatise_n de_fw-fr modo_fw-la tenendi_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la tempore_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la silij_fw-la regis_fw-la ethelred_n which_o also_o do_v concur_v with_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n anno_fw-la primo_fw-la edw._n 2._o de_fw-la militibus_fw-la by_o which_o act_n of_o parliament_n census_n militis_n the_o estate_n of_o a_o knight_n be_v measure_v by_o the_o value_n of_o twenty_o pound_n land_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o not_o by_o any_o certain_a content_n of_o acre_n and_o with_o this_o do_v agree_v the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n cap._n 35._o &_o fitz._n nat._n brev._n 82._o where_o twenty_o pound_n land_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la in_o soccage_n be_v put_v in_o equipage_n with_o a_o knight_n fee_n and_o this_o be_v the_o most_o reasonable_a estimation_n for_o one_o acre_n may_v be_v more_o worth_a in_o value_n than_o many_o other_o and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o relief_n of_o a_o knight_n and_o of_o all_o superior_n that_o be_v noble_a be_v the_o four_o part_n of_o their_o revenue_n by_o the_o year_n as_o of_o a_o knight_n five_o pound_n and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n and_o because_o this_o tenure_n do_v concern_v service_n in_o war_n the_o tenant_n be_v therefore_o call_v milites_fw-la militia_n for_o though_o the_o word_n do_v proper_o signify_v a_o soldier_n yet_o antiquity_n have_v appropriate_v that_o name_n to_o the_o chief_a of_o military_a profession_n in_o our_o law_n they_o be_v style_v milites_fw-la and_o never_o equites_fw-la yet_o so_o that_o miles_n be_v take_v for_o the_o self_n same_o that_o chivalry_n be_v bracton_n fol._n 79._o make_v mention_n of_o rode_n knight_n that_o be_v to_o say_v serve_v horseman_n who_o hold_v their_o land_n with_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v serve_v their_o lord_n on_o horseback_n and_o so_o by_o cut_v off_o a_o piece_n of_o a_o name_n as_o our_o delight_n be_v to_o speak_v short_a this_o name_n knight_n remain_v with_o we_o for_o armiger_n scil_n the_o esquire_n which_o be_v a_o degree_n under_o the_o knight_n be_v in_o the_o military_a service_n to_o serve_v on_o foot_n note_v he_o that_o hold_v by_o a_o whole_a knight_n fee_n must_v be_v with_o the_o king_n forty_o day_n well_o and_o complete_o array_v for_o the_o war_n which_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v to_o serve_v on_o horseback_n and_o in_o all_o nation_n the_o name_n of_o this_o dignity_n be_v take_v of_o horse_n for_o the_o italian_n call_v they_o cavelieri_n the_o frenchman_n chivaleris_n the_o german_n regter_n our_o britain_n murgeghe_n all_o ride_v and_o in_o latin_a we_o call_v they_o equites_fw-la aurati_fw-la for_o at_o their_o creation_n beside_o the_o sword_n and_o girdle_n gild_a spur_n be_v add_v for_o more_o ornament_n and_o when_o a_o knight_n do_v commit_v any_o offence_n for_o which_o he_o be_v by_o the_o law_n to_o suffer_v death_n the_o use_n have_v be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o punishment_n to_o degrade_v and_o deprive_v he_o public_o of_o his_o honour_n of_o knighthood_n for_o it_o be_v but_o with_o life_n lease_v or_o take_v away_o mill_n 81._o by_o ungird_v his_o military_a girdle_n by_o take_v away_o his_o sword_n and_o break_v his_o spur_n cut_v off_o with_o a_o hatchet_n his_o gauntlet_n pluck_v from_o he_o and_o the_o escocheon_n of_o his_o arm_n reverse_v and_o in_o the_o statute_n make_v 24_o hen._n 8._o chap._n 13._o entitle_v a_o act_n for_o reformation_n of_o apparel_n it_o be_v permit_v for_o knight_n to_o wear_v a_o collar_n of_o gold_n name_v the_o collar_n of_o ss_z and_o although_o this_o dignity_n of_o knighthood_n have_v its_o original_n and_o be_v give_v to_o man_n of_o war_n and_o prowess_n yet_o in_o all_o succession_n of_o age_n and_o in_o all_o nation_n the_o same_o also_o be_v bestow_v upon_o man_n of_o peace_n by_o the_o sovereign_a power_n to_o deserve_a person_n whereby_o the_o service_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n at_o home_n be_v make_v equal_a with_o that_o abroad_o for_o as_o tully_n say_v true_o parvi_fw-la sunt_fw-la arma_fw-la foris_fw-la nisi_fw-la est_fw-la consilium_fw-la domi_fw-la but_o experience_n the_o faithful_a counsellor_n and_o best_a mistress_n have_v make_v it_o manifest_a both_o in_o this_o modern_a age_n as_o well_o as_o in_o that_o of_o tullie_n that_o the_o camp_n have_v breed_v more_o eminent_a statesman_n and_o happy_o as_o good_a politician_n as_o the_o long_a robe_n perhaps_o for_o this_o reason_n one_o aim_n chief_o at_o glory_n and_o honour_n which_o easy_o attract_v admirer_n and_o favourer_n the_o other_o at_o riches_n and_o indirect_a negotiation_n which_o beget_v envy_n and_o private_a enemy_n he_o that_o receive_v the_o dignity_n of_o a_o knight_n kneel_v down_o and_o then_o the_o king_n slight_o smite_v he_o upon_o his_o shoulder_n and_o say_v unto_o he_o these_o word_n in_o french_a sois_n chivaler_n au_fw-fr nome_fw-mi de_fw-fr dieu_fw-fr and_o afterward_o say_v moreover_o avance_fw-fr chivaler_n see_v the_o book_n of_o title_n of_o honour_n due_a to_o the_o earl-marshal_n for_o the_o make_n of_o knight_n 176._o for_o a_o knight_n be_v not_o make_v by_o letter_n patent_n or_o by_o the_o king_n be_v write_v as_o those_o of_o high_a dignity_n but_o by_o the_o 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treat_v of_o be_v call_v knight_n of_o the_o spur_n or_o knight_n bachelor_n between_o doctor_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o knight_n have_v ever_o be_v question_n for_o precedency_n since_o either_o of_o they_o have_v be_v in_o credit_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o may_v appear_v both_o by_o the_o comparison_n that_o tully_n make_v between_o lucius_n murena_n a_o knight_n of_o rome_n and_o publius_n sulpitius_n a_o lawyer_n either_o of_o they_o stand_v for_o consulship_n in_o his_o eloquent_a oration_n make_v for_o murena_n and_o many_o dispute_n of_o bardal_n and_o bardus_n argue_v the_o case_n pro_n and_o con_n which_o though_o it_o be_v disputable_a in_o foreign_a part_n yet_o here_o in_o england_n it_o be_v without_o controversy_n and_o the_o precedency_n thereof_o be_v undoubted_o the_o knight_n but_o if_o they_o be_v both_o of_o equal_a degree_n of_o knighthood_n than_o
know_v of_o the_o felony_n do_v receive_v he_o he_o be_v accessary_a also_o when_o the_o king_n do_v summon_v his_o parliament_n writ_n shall_v be_v send_v to_o the_o sheriff_n to_o make_v choice_n of_o knight_n of_o every_o shire_n in_o this_o form_n rex_n vicecom_v n._n salutem_fw-la quia_fw-la de_fw-la avisamento_fw-la &_o asseâ—su_fw-la nostri_fw-la concilii_fw-la pro_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la arduis_fw-la &_o urgentibus_fw-la negotiis_fw-la nos_fw-la statum_fw-la &_o defensionem_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o ecclesiae_fw-la anglicanae_n concernentibus_fw-la quoddam_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la apud_fw-la civitatem_fw-la nostram_fw-la westm._fw-la duodecimo_fw-la die_fw-la novembris_fw-la proxime_fw-la futuro_fw-la teneri_fw-la ordinavimus_fw-la &_o ibidem_fw-la cum_fw-la praelatis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la colloquium_fw-la habere_fw-la &_o tractare_fw-la tibi_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la firmiter_fw-la injungentes_fw-la quod_fw-la facta_fw-la proclamatione_fw-la in_o prox_n comit._n tuo_fw-la post_fw-la receptionem_fw-la huius_fw-la brevis_fw-la nostri_fw-la tenendi_fw-la die_fw-la &_o loco_fw-la praed_fw-we duos_fw-la milites_fw-la gladiis_fw-la cinctos_fw-la magisidover_n &_o discretos_fw-la com._n praed_fw-we etc._n etc._n &_o electionem_fw-la &_o part_n sub_fw-la sigillo_fw-la tuo_fw-la &_o sub_fw-la sigillis_fw-la eorum_fw-la qui_fw-la electioni_fw-la illi_fw-la interfuerunt_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o cancellaria_fw-la nostra_fw-la ad_fw-la dictum_fw-la diem_fw-la &_o locum_fw-la certifices_fw-la indilate_n see_v the_o statute_n 23_o hen._n 6._o cap._n 15._o where_o among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n for_o parliament_n hereafter_o to_o be_v choose_v shall_v be_v notable_a knight_n of_o the_o same_o county_n for_o the_o which_o they_o shall_v be_v choose_v or_o else_o such_o notable_a esquire_n or_o gentleman_n be_v of_o the_o same_o county_n as_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o be_v knight_n peer_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v by_o intendment_n of_o law_n sufficient_a of_o freehold_n and_o that_o be_v one_o of_o the_o reason_n wherefore_o no_o capias_fw-la or_o exigit_fw-la liethâ—_n against_o they_o for_o debt_n or_o trespass_n but_o the_o law_n have_v not_o that_o opinion_n of_o the_o knight_n sufficiency_n of_o freehold_n for_o he_o may_v be_v a_o knight_n without_o land_n therefore_o and_o then_o he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v return_v of_o any_o jury_n or_o inquest_n howsoever_o he_o may_v be_v worthy_a and_o sufficient_a to_o serve_v the_o commonwealth_n in_o marshal_n affair_n the_o wife_n and_o widow_n of_o knight_n in_o legal_a proceed_n and_o in_o court_n of_o justice_n have_v not_o the_o title_n of_o lady_n as_o the_o wife_n or_o widow_n of_o nobleman_n have_v yet_o by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o england_n that_o title_n be_v give_v they_o and_o if_o in_o any_o action_n they_o be_v not_o call_v lady_n for_o that_o cause_n the_o writ_n shall_v not_o abate_v for_o that_o surplusage_n because_o domina_fw-la be_v general_a to_o woman_n as_o domini_fw-la to_o men._n so_o where_o woman_n after_o fourteen_o year_n of_o age_n be_v call_v domine_fw-la for_o lady_n or_o dame_n and_o with_o we_o ancient_o marriageable_a woman_n be_v call_v domine_fw-la and_o in_o our_o old_a english_a leet_n dame_n first_o domine_fw-la be_v often_o use_v for_o woman_n general_o as_o a_o special_a honour_n for_o that_o sex_n be_v not_o out_o of_o fashion_n at_o this_o day_n nor_o with_o the_o french_a as_o also_o among_o the_o italian_n domina_fw-la for_o they_o be_v familiar_a but_o if_o she_o be_v name_v comitessa_n or_o baronessa_n whereas_o she_o be_v no_o countess_n or_o baroness_n in_o law_n then_o without_o question_n the_o name_n of_o she_o so_o shall_v abate_v the_o writ_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la chap._n 21._o knight_n be_v free_v from_o cart-taking_a that_o no_o demesne_n cart_n of_o they_o shall_v be_v take_v by_o the_o statute_n 1_o jacobi_fw-la cap._n 27._o it_o seem_v that_o knight_n son_n may_v keep_v greyhound_n and_o setting-dog_n and_o net_n to_o take_v pheasant_n and_o partridge_n in_o though_o they_o can_v expend_v ten_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la nor_o be_v worth_a two_o hundred_o pound_n for_o by_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o statute_n all_o the_o son_n of_o knight_n be_v except_v observation_n concern_v knight_n bachelor_n a_o baronet_n can_v claim_v the_o privilege_n that_o knight_n have_v from_o cart-taking_a by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la 23._o a_o baronet_n son_n can_v keep_v a_o greyhound_n etc._n etc._n because_o he_o be_v not_o within_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o jac._n 27._o unless_o he_o have_v ten_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la tamen_fw-la quâ—re_fw-la see_v the_o say_a statute_n and_o statute_n 22_o &_o 23_o car._n 2._o quaere_fw-la whither_o the_o baronet_n addition_n do_v abate_v any_o action_n if_o one_o be_v knight_v in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o his_o father_n it_o free_v he_o from_o wardship_n but_o contra_fw-la of_o a_o baronet_n knight_n be_v excuse_v from_o attendance_n at_o leet_n which_o baronet_n be_v not_o note_v that_o by_o the_o statute_n 12_o car._n 2._o chap._n 24._o the_o court_n of_o ward_n tenor_n in_o capite_fw-la livery_n ouster_n le_fw-fr mane_n and_o other_o dependence_n upon_o the_o court_n be_v take_v away_o and_o then_o be_v repeal_v the_o statute_n 32_o hen._n 8._o chap._n 6._o 33_o car._n 22._o a_o knight_n batchelor_n be_v a_o title_n as_o before_o note_v borrow_v from_o horsemanship_n and_o therefore_o aught_o to_o be_v represent_v by_o the_o effigy_n of_o a_o captain_n of_o a_o troop_n of_o horse_n i_o shall_v here_o set_v down_o the_o manner_n of_o make_v knight_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 500_o near_o which_o time_n king_n arthur_n reign_v in_o england_n as_o i_o find_v it_o in_o sir_n william_n segar_n book_n of_o honour_n military_n and_o civil_a page_n 53._o where_o he_o say_v that_o a_o prince_n be_v mind_v to_o make_v a_o knight_n command_v a_o stage_n or_o scaffold_n to_o be_v erect_v in_o some_o cathedral_n church_n in_o his_o kingdom_n or_o some_o spacious_a place_n near_o unto_o it_o to_o which_o place_n the_o gentleman_n be_v bring_v to_o receive_v that_o honour_n and_o be_v come_v be_v forthwith_o place_v on_o a_o silver_n chair_n adorn_v with_o green_a silk_n then_o it_o be_v demand_v of_o he_o if_o he_o be_v of_o a_o healthy_a body_n and_o able_a to_o undergo_v the_o travel_n require_v in_o a_o soldier_n also_o whether_o he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o honest_a conversation_n and_o what_o credible_a witness_n he_o can_v produce_v to_o affirm_v the_o same_o then_o the_o bishop_n or_o chief_a prelate_n of_o the_o church_n take_v the_o bible_n and_o hold_v it_o open_v before_o the_o knight_n in_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n and_o all_o other_o speak_v these_o word_n sir_n you_o that_o desire_v to_o receive_v the_o order_n of_o knighthood_n swear_v before_o god_n and_o by_o this_o holy_a book_n that_o you_o shall_v not_o fight_v against_o this_o mighty_a and_o excellent_a prince_n that_o now_o bestow_v the_o order_n of_o knighthood_n upon_o you_o unless_o you_o shall_v be_v command_v so_o to_o do_v in_o the_o service_n of_o your_o own_o king_n for_o in_o that_o case_n have_v first_o yield_v up_o the_o collar_n device_n and_o other_o ensign_n of_o honour_n now_o receive_v it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o you_o to_o serve_v against_o he_o without_o reproach_n or_o offence_n to_o all_o other_o companion_n in_o arms._n but_o otherwise_o do_v you_o shall_v incur_v infamy_n and_o be_v take_v in_o war_n shall_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o pain_n of_o death_n you_o shall_v also_o swear_v with_o all_o your_o force_n and_o power_n to_o maintain_v and_o defend_v all_o lady_n gentlewoman_n widow_n orphan_n and_o distress_a woman_n and_o you_o shall_v shun_v no_o adventure_n of_o your_o person_n in_o any_o war_n wherein_o you_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v my_o author_n further_o say_v that_o this_o oath_n be_v take_v two_o of_o the_o chief_a lord_n lead_v he_o to_o the_o king_n who_o present_o draw_v forth_o his_o sword_n and_o lay_v it_o upon_o his_o head_n say_v god_n and_o st._n george_n or_o what_o other_o saint_n the_o king_n please_v to_o name_n make_v thou_o a_o good_a knight_n then_o come_v to_o the_o knight_n seven_o noble_a lady_n attire_v in_o white_a and_o begird_v a_o sword_n unto_o his_o side_n which_o be_v do_v four_o honourable_a knight_n put_v on_o his_o spur_n these_o ceremony_n be_v past_a the_o queen_n take_v he_o by_o the_o right_a arm_n and_o a_o duchess_n by_o the_o left_a and_o lead_v he_o to_o a_o rich_a seat_n place_v on_o a_o ascent_n where_o they_o seat_v he_o the_o king_n sit_v on_o his_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o queen_n on_o his_o left_a then_o the_o lord_n and_o lady_n also_o sit_v down_o upon_o other_o seat_n three_o descent_n under_o the_o king_n and_o be_v all_o thus_o seat_v they_o be_v entertain_v with_o a_o delicate_a banquet_n or_o collation_n and_o so_o the_o
scot_n have_v ever_o since_o bear_v in_o their_o ensign_n and_o banner_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o say_a cross_n which_o be_v in_o fashion_n of_o a_o saltier_n and_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v believe_v that_o this_o order_n take_v its_o rise_n which_o be_v about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 810._o for_o king_n hungus_n and_o achain_n confederates_n against_o athalstan_n go_v barefooted_a in_o a_o devote_n way_n to_o the_o kirk_n of_o st._n andrew_n to_o return_v thanks_o to_o god_n and_o his_o apostle_n for_o their_o victory_n vow_v for_o themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n ever_o to_o use_v the_o say_a cross_n in_o their_o ensign_n in_o any_o warlike_a expedition_n the_o principal_a ensign_n of_o this_o order_n be_v a_o golden_a collar_n compose_v of_o thistle_n intermix_v with_o annulet_n of_o gold_n to_o which_o hang_v the_o figure_n of_o st._n andrew_n with_o his_o cross_n and_o this_o epigraph_n nemo_n i_o impune_fw-la lacessit_fw-la but_o for_o their_o common_a ensign_n they_o wear_v a_o green_a ribon_n to_o which_o hang_v a_o golden_a thistle_n crown_v with_o a_o imperial_a crown_n within_o a_o circle_n of_o gold_n with_o the_o say_v epigraph_n their_o grand_a meeting_n be_v annual_o on_o st._n andrews_n day_n in_o the_o church_n of_o the_o town_n so_o call_v and_o during_o the_o solemnity_n of_o the_o feast_n these_o knight_n which_o be_v in_o number_n thirteen_o in_o allusion_n to_o our_o saviour_n and_o the_o twelve_o apostle_n be_v rich_o apparel_v and_o in_o their_o parliament_n robe_n have_v embroider_v on_o their_o left_a shoulder_n st._n andrews_n cross_n within_o a_o blue_a rundle_n and_o in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o say_a cross_n be_v a_o crown_n compose_v of_o golden_a flower_n de_fw-fr lis_fw-fr have_v thus_o treat_v of_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o knighthood_n which_o be_v or_o have_v be_v use_v among_o we_o in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o shall_v give_v the_o reader_n a_o account_n of_o divers_a degree_n of_o knighthood_n in_o other_o kingdom_n although_o many_o of_o they_o be_v now_o extinct_a order_n of_o knighthood_n which_o be_v or_o be_v institute_v in_o palestine_n and_o other_o part_v of_o asia_n chap._n xxiv_o knight_n of_o the_o holy_a sepulchre_n in_o jerusalem_n this_o order_n of_o knighthood_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a of_o all_o those_o order_n that_o take_v their_o beginning_n in_o the_o holy_a land_n and_o be_v say_v to_o be_v institute_v about_o the_o time_n that_o the_o temple_n of_o jerusalem_n be_v regain_v from_o the_o saracen_n which_o be_v in_o anno_fw-la 1099._o some_o author_n say_v that_o philip_n king_n of_o france_n be_v the_o first_o instituter_n of_o this_o order_n but_o favin_n say_v that_o it_o be_v baldwin_n the_o first_o king_n of_o jerusalem_n who_o make_v the_o regular_a canon_n which_o then_o reside_v in_o a_o convent_n near_o adjoin_v to_o the_o say_a sepulchre_n knight_n of_o the_o say_a order_n who_o chief_a duty_n be_v to_o guard_v the_o holy_a sepulchre_n to_o relieve_v and_o protect_v pilgrim_n to_o fight_v against_o the_o saracen_n and_o infidel_n and_o to_o hear_v mass_n every_o day_n the_o armorial_n ensign_n belong_v unto_o they_o be_v two_o red_a cross_n unite_v into_o one_o when_o the_o christian_n be_v expel_v the_o holy_a land_n these_o knight_n settle_v themselves_o at_o perugia_n in_o italy_n but_o by_o the_o bull_n of_o pope_n innocent_a the_o eight_o anno_fw-la 1484._o they_o and_o all_o their_o good_n be_v annex_v and_o join_v to_o the_o knight_n hospitaller_n then_o reside_v at_o rhodes_n knight_n hospitaller_n of_o st._n john_n baptist_n in_o jerusalem_n call_v knight_n of_o the_o rhodes_n now_o of_o malta_n somewhat_o before_o the_o christian_n take_v the_o city_n of_o jerusalem_n from_o the_o saracen_n certain_a christian_a merchant_n of_o naples_n who_o trade_v to_o these_o part_n obtain_v leave_v from_o the_o caliph_n of_o egypt_n who_o have_v then_o the_o government_n thereof_o to_o dwell_v near_o the_o 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of_o jerusalem_n then_o receive_v they_o the_o regular_a habit_n of_o black_a with_o a_o white_a cross_n on_o the_o garment_n near_o their_o left_a shoulder_n and_o vow_a obedience_n poverty_n and_o chastity_n this_o order_n be_v say_v to_o be_v first_o institute_v in_o anno_fw-la 1099._o by_o one_o gerard_n of_o the_o province_n of_o tholouse_n a_o man_n of_o a_o holy_a life_n and_o have_v large_a privilege_n confer_v upon_o they_o by_o king_n baldwin_n the_o first_o who_o create_v they_o knight_n and_o permit_v they_o to_o use_v arm_n and_o to_o fight_v against_o the_o saracen_n and_o infidel_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n and_o to_o be_v guardian_n of_o the_o holy_a sepulchre_n at_o this_o time_n they_o acknowledge_v their_o obedience_n to_o the_o patriarch_n of_o jerusalem_n but_o grow_v in_o wealth_n they_o obtain_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o pope_n to_o be_v absolve_v from_o their_o obedience_n and_o be_v by_o pope_n adrian_n the_o four_o receive_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o papal_a see_n gerard_n be_v dead_a they_o elect_v one_o raimond_n for_o their_o rector_n or_o great_a master_n to_o who_o authority_n be_v give_v that_o he_o shall_v govern_v and_o command_v all_o knight_n of_o this_o order_n wheresoever_o disperse_v this_o gerard_n after_o he_o have_v digest_v and_o enlarge_v their_o law_n and_o institution_n divide_v that_o whole_a body_n into_o three_o class_n to_o wit_n knight_n ecclesiastic_n and_o servant_n and_o since_o which_o time_n the_o succeed_a great_a master_n have_v much_o add_v to_o their_o privilege_n and_o dignity_n and_o his_o title_n be_v now_o the_o illustrious_a prince_n of_o malta_n and_o goza_n saladine_n have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o jerusalem_n these_o knight_n retire_v to_o the_o city_n of_o acre_n which_o be_v also_o take_v they_o seize_v upon_o the_o isle_n of_o rhodes_n where_o they_o continue_v as_o master_n until_o force_v thence_o by_o solyman_n the_o great_a in_o anno_fw-la 1522._o after_o which_o they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o isle_n of_o malta_n which_o with_o tripoli_n and_o goza_n be_v grant_v to_o they_o by_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o â—ifth_o anno_fw-la 1530._o and_o the_o same_o year_n be_v confirm_v to_o they_o by_o pope_n clement_n the_o seven_o and_o in_o this_o isle_n they_o yet_o continue_v and_o be_v as_o a_o bulwark_n to_o that_o part_n of_o christendom_n knight_n templar_n about_o the_o year_n 1118._o hugo_n the_o pagan_n godfrey_n de_fw-fr st._n omer_n with_o seven_o other_o gentleman_n out_o of_o devotion_n go_v into_o the_o holy_a land_n where_o they_o determine_v to_o erect_v and_o enter_v into_o a_o brotherhood_n and_o be_v come_v to_o jerusalem_n they_o consult_v what_o they_o shall_v do_v though_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o their_o life_n that_o shall_v be_v a_o service_n acceptable_a to_o god_n and_o praiseworthy_a of_o man_n and_o be_v inform_v that_o in_o the_o town_n of_o zaffo_n there_o reside_v many_o thief_n that_o use_v to_o rob_v the_o pilgrim_n that_o resort_v to_o the_o holy_a sepulchre_n they_o resolve_v to_o make_v the_o passage_n more_o free_a by_o destroy_v or_o disperse_v these_o robber_n and_o for_o the_o encouragement_n of_o these_o gentleman_n in_o so_o good_a a_o undertake_n the_o king_n assign_v they_o lodging_n in_o his_o palace_n adjoin_v to_o solomon_n temple_n from_o which_o place_n they_o be_v call_v knight_n templar_n and_o the_o king_n and_o patriarch_n find_v their_o action_n very_o successful_a furnish_v they_o with_o many_o necessary_a provision_n and_o although_o their_o charitable_a service_n make_v they_o acceptable_a unto_o all_o yet_o for_o the_o first_o nine_o year_n they_o be_v in_o so_o great_a a_o strait_a that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o take_v the_o charity_n of_o well_o dispose_v people_n however_o there_o resort_v unto_o they_o many_o christian_n so_o that_o their_o number_n be_v much_o increase_v and_o there_o be_v all_o this_o while_n no_o
master_n thereof_o which_o he_o do_v a_o little_a before_o his_o coronation_n in_o the_o city_n of_o burgos_n in_o great_a solemnity_n the_o whole_a night_n be_v spend_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n marry_o royal_a in_o watch_v and_o prayer_n and_o the_o day_n follow_v after_o mass_n they_o be_v invest_v with_o a_o red_a ribon_n of_o about_o three_o inch_n broad_a which_o go_v cross_v their_o left_a shoulder_n like_o our_o knight_n of_o the_o bath_n be_v the_o badge_n from_o whence_o these_o knight_n take_v their_o name_n their_o article_n be_v at_o large_a set_v down_o by_o sir_n william_n segar_n which_o be_v too_o many_o to_o repeat_v be_v here_o omit_v knight_n of_o the_o dove_n in_o castille_n this_o order_n according_a to_o favin_n be_v first_o institute_v by_o john_n the_o first_o king_n of_o castille_n about_o the_o year_n 1379._o in_o the_o city_n of_o segovia_n the_o collar_n of_o this_o order_n be_v compose_v of_o piece_n which_o represent_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o his_o glory_n to_o which_o hang_v a_o golden_a dove_n enamel_v white_a and_o encircle_v with_o ray_n but_o the_o king_n die_v the_o same_o year_n and_o before_o it_o be_v well_o receive_v it_o become_v of_o no_o great_a esteem_n ordo_fw-la de_fw-fr la_fw-fr scama_n in_o castille_n john_n the_o second_o king_n of_o castille_n for_o the_o stir_v up_o his_o noble_n to_o assist_v he_o in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o moor_n in_o anno_fw-la 1420._o do_v erect_v this_o order_n which_o take_v so_o good_a effect_n that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n the_o moor_n be_v subdue_v their_o ensign_n according_a to_o jos._n micheli_n be_v a_o cross_n compose_v of_o scale_n of_o fish_n from_o which_o it_o seem_v to_o have_v take_v its_o name_n for_o scama_n in_o the_o spanish_a signify_v the_o scale_n of_o a_o fish_n these_o knight_n be_v oblige_v to_o fight_v against_o the_o moor_n to_o accompany_v the_o king_n in_o the_o war_n and_o to_o die_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n their_o rule_n and_o statute_n for_o their_o government_n be_v ordain_v by_o the_o say_a king_n upon_o who_o death_n this_o order_n lose_v much_o of_o its_o splendour_n knight_n of_o the_o lily_n in_o arragon_n this_o order_n be_v erect_v by_o ferdinand_n king_n of_o arragon_n in_o anno_fw-la 1403._o and_o dedicate_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n in_o token_n of_o a_o signal_n victory_n which_o this_o king_n obtain_v against_o the_o moor_n the_o collar_n be_v compose_v of_o bough-pot_n fill_v with_o white_a lily_n interlace_v with_o griffon_n knight_n of_o mount-joy_n this_o order_n be_v first_o institute_v in_o the_o holy_a land_n for_o the_o secure_v these_o part_n against_o the_o moor_n and_o saracen_n and_o lay_v in_o garrison_n in_o a_o castle_n build_v on_o the_o point_n of_o a_o mountain_n near_o jerusalem_n and_o after_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n these_o knight_n retire_v into_o spain_n and_o perform_v good_a service_n against_o the_o moor_n but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n this_o order_n fall_v to_o decay_v and_o be_v incorporate_v into_o the_o order_n of_o calatrava_n their_o habit_n be_v a_o red_a short_a mantle_n and_o on_o their_o breast_n they_o wear_v a_o white_a star_n with_o five_o ray_n they_o observe_v the_o rule_n of_o st._n benedict_n which_o afterward_o be_v change_v to_o that_o of_o st._n augustine_n and_o vow_a poverty_n chastity_n and_o obedience_n knight_n of_o acon_n or_o acre_n in_o the_o city_n of_o acon_n these_o knight_n reside_v where_o they_o use_v all_o duty_n of_o charity_n to_o pilgrim_n that_o go_v to_o the_o holy_a land_n they_o assume_v the_o exercise_n of_o arm_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o knight_n hospitaller_n they_o follow_v the_o rule_n of_o st._n augustine_n and_o wear_v a_o black_a garment_n whereon_o be_v a_o white_a cross_n pattee_n but_o jos._n micheli_n marquez_n say_v it_o be_v a_o red_a cross_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n thereof_o stand_v the_o figure_n of_o st._n john_n and_o st._n thomas_n after_o the_o city_n of_o acon_n be_v take_v they_o remove_v into_o spain_n where_o they_o flourish_v receive_v great_a favour_n from_o alphonsus_n the_o astrologer_n k._n of_o castille_n but_o after_o his_o death_n by_o little_a and_o little_o they_o decay_v and_o in_o the_o end_n be_v unite_v to_o the_o knight_n hospitaller_n knight_n of_o st._n james_n in_o galicia_n this_o order_n of_o knighthood_n call_v by_o the_o spaniard_n cavalieri_n di_fw-it san_fw-it jago_n be_v of_o great_a esteem_n among_o they_o and_o be_v first_o erect_v upon_o this_o occasion_n when_o the_o arabian_n have_v almost_o subdue_v the_o country_n the_o remainder_n of_o the_o spanish_a people_n refuse_v to_o live_v under_o the_o obedience_n of_o so_o barbarous_a a_o nation_n retire_v unto_o the_o mountain_n of_o asturia_n where_o they_o settle_v a_o government_n and_o after_o their_o abode_n there_o some_o few_o year_n certain_a noble_n or_o gentleman_n of_o great_a quality_n to_o the_o number_n of_o thirteen_o upon_o a_o serious_a consultation_n to_o regain_v their_o country_n resolve_v to_o enter_v into_o a_o fraternity_n and_o to_o begin_v a_o war_n against_o the_o moor_n and_o barbarian_n the_o ensign_n which_o they_o wear_v be_v a_o red_a cross_n in_o form_n of_o a_o sword_n with_o a_o escallop_n shell_n on_o it_o in_o imitation_n of_o the_o badge_n of_o the_o pilgrim_n that_o go_v to_o jerusalem_n to_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o st._n james_n the_o apostle_n they_o elect_v one_o chief_a governor_n who_o be_v call_v great_a master_n who_o with_o the_o thirteen_o other_o knight_n have_v power_n to_o choose_v or_o remove_v any_o knight_n at_o their_o discretion_n and_o to_o make_v statute_n and_o order_n for_o the_o well_o government_n of_o the_o say_a society_n at_o their_o day_n of_o meet_v which_o be_v annual_o on_o the_o feast_n day_n of_o all-saint_n in_o great_a state_n have_v large_a revenue_n to_o support_v their_o grandeur_n this_o order_n be_v esteem_v the_o chief_a in_o spain_n knight_n of_o st._n saviour_n in_o arragon_n don_z alphonso_n for_o his_o better_a enable_v to_o force_v the_o moor_n out_o of_o arragon_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1118._o do_v erect_v this_o order_n elect_v a_o certain_a number_n which_o he_o choose_v out_o of_o those_o spanish_a and_o french_a noble_n that_o assist_v he_o in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o moor_n which_o honour_n engage_v they_o to_o pursue_v the_o war_n against_o they_o the_o more_o vigorous_o the_o moor_n be_v subdue_v king_n alphonso_n establish_v these_o knight_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o knight_n templar_n in_o montreal_n and_o have_v a_o rule_n of_o live_v somewhat_o conformable_a unto_o they_o save_o only_a to_o marry_v and_o be_v oblige_v to_o support_v and_o defend_v the_o holy_a church_n and_o christian_a faith_n against_o the_o moor_n their_o habit_n be_v a_o white_a mantle_n and_o on_o their_o breast_n they_o wear_v a_o red_a cross._n but_o when_o the_o moor_n be_v expel_v be_v the_o chief_a end_n for_o which_o they_o be_v institute_v these_o knight_n be_v lay_v aside_o or_o at_o leastwise_o not_o regard_v and_o their_o revenue_n join_v to_o the_o crown_n knight_n of_o st._n julian_n de_fw-fr pereyro_n or_o of_o alcantara_n these_o knight_n take_v their_o name_n from_o the_o place_n of_o their_o institution_n viz._n the_o city_n of_o alcantara_n in_o castiglia_n seat_v on_o the_o tago_n where_o they_o have_v a_o stately_a church_n and_o be_v rich_o endow_v they_o have_v many_o privilege_n and_o order_n observe_v among_o they_o their_o habit_n be_v a_o black_a garment_n have_v on_o the_o breast_n a_o green_a cross_n and_o their_o first_o great_a master_n be_v ferdinando_n the_o second_o king_n of_o leon_n and_o galicia_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1176._o knight_n of_o calatrava_n in_o castille_n this_o ancient_a order_n be_v first_o institute_v by_o don_n sanchio_n the_o three_o king_n of_o toledo_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1158._o and_o take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o castle_n calatrava_n which_o be_v a_o frontier_n both_o of_o toledo_n and_o castille_n which_o place_n the_o moor_n take_v upon_o their_o victory_n they_o obtain_v against_o don_n rodrigro_n king_n of_o spain_n in_o anno_fw-la 714._o but_o after_o above_o four_o hundred_o year_n continuance_n they_o be_v force_v thence_o and_o the_o place_n give_v to_o the_o knight_n templar_n by_o don_n alphonso_n emperor_n of_o spain_n to_o be_v maintain_v as_o a_o garrison_n against_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o moor_n but_o they_o not_o be_v able_a to_o maintain_v and_o defend_v it_o withdraw_v their_o garrison_n upon_o which_o lest_o the_o moor_n shall_v become_v master_n of_o it_o again_o the_o king_n by_o his_o charter_n give_v the_o say_a castle_n and_o village_n to_o one_o don_n raymund_n former_o a_o knight_n of_o great_a fame_n and_o
then_o abbot_n of_o st._n marry_o de_fw-fr fitero_n who_o fortify_v it_o and_o begin_v the_o say_a order_n of_o knighthood_n which_o flourish_v very_o much_o and_o become_v exceed_o powerful_a so_o that_o the_o moor_n dare_v not_o make_v any_o further_a attempt_n the_o habit_n that_o they_o wear_v be_v a_o black_a garment_n with_o a_o red_a cross_n on_o their_o breast_n and_o have_v many_o great_a privilege_n and_o as_o great_a possession_n in_o divers_a place_n of_o spain_n knight_n of_o truxillo_n or_o trugillo_fw-la this_o order_n take_v its_o appellation_n from_o the_o city_n of_o trugillo_fw-la seat_v in_o estremadura_n in_o spain_n but_o as_o for_o the_o time_n of_o its_o institution_n writer_n be_v silent_a in_o but_o certain_a it_o be_v they_o be_v in_o be_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1227._o for_o one_o don_n arias_n perez_n dallego_n than_o master_n of_o the_o order_n take_v this_o city_n from_o the_o moor_n and_o there_o settle_v a_o brotherhood_n of_o knight_n and_o priest_n who_o live_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o convent_n but_o what_o be_v their_o badge_n or_o habit_n and_o what_o order_n be_v observe_v among_o they_o be_v also_o not_o certain_o know_v knight_n of_o our_o lady_n and_o of_o st_n george_n of_o montesa_n in_o valencia_n these_o knight_n take_v their_o rise_n from_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o knight_n templar_n in_o valencia_n and_o be_v institute_v by_o james_n the_o second_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o valencia_n in_o anno_fw-la 1317._o for_o the_o better_a defence_n of_o his_o kingdom_n against_o the_o inroad_n of_o the_o moor_n but_o be_v subject_n to_o those_o of_o calatrava_n before_o speak_v of_o the_o place_n assign_v they_o for_o their_o abode_n be_v at_o montesa_n where_o they_o have_v a_o college_n build_v and_o dedicate_v to_o st._n george_n by_o the_o pope_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o king_n the_o statute_n of_o the_o order_n be_v the_o same_o as_o those_o of_o calatrava_n they_o vow_v conjugal_a 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first_o consecrate_v at_o the_o altar_n and_o adorn_v with_o the_o collar_n of_o the_o order_n but_o this_o order_n take_v the_o title_n of_o the_o bear_n in_o memory_n of_o st._n vrsus_fw-la of_o the_o theban_a legion_n who_o be_v martyr_v before_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o soleurre_n in_o switzerland_n unto_o this_o order_n the_o founder_n give_v a_o collar_n and_o a_o chain_n of_o gold_n to_o which_o hang_v the_o figure_n of_o a_o golden_a bear_n mount_v on_o a_o hillock_n enamel_v with_o black_a but_o when_o this_o country_n become_v a_o commonwealth_n this_o order_n be_v lay_v aside_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n in_o germany_n knight_n of_o the_o tutonick_a order_n of_o prusia_n the_o first_o institutor_n of_o this_o order_n be_v a_o wealthy_a gentleman_n of_o germany_n who_o dwell_v at_o jerusalem_n after_o it_o be_v take_v by_o the_o christian_n together_o with_o divers_a other_o man_n of_o his_o country_n and_o be_v exceed_o rich_a keep_v a_o hospitable_a house_n relieve_v all_o passenger_n and_o pilgrim_n that_o travel_v to_o jerusalem_n insomuch_o that_o his_o house_n become_v as_o it_o be_v a_o hospital_n at_o length_n he_o build_v near_o unto_o his_o house_n a_o fair_a church_n which_o he_o dedicate_v to_o our_o lady_n and_o many_o christian_n resort_v thither_o as_o well_o out_o of_o devotion_n as_o to_o visit_v the_o sick_a they_o resolve_v to_o erect_v a_o fraternity_n and_o have_v choose_v a_o great_a master_n for_o their_o governor_n which_o be_v about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1190._o they_o imitate_v the_o knight_n templar_n in_o their_o military_a employment_n and_o the_o knight_n hospitaller_n in_o their_o act_n of_o piety_n and_o charity_n and_o institute_v several_a order_n to_o be_v observe_v among_o they_o be_v much_o the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o the_o knight_n hospitaller_n and_o templar_n which_o be_v afterward_o confirm_v by_o pope_n celestine_n the_o three_o but_o their_o habit_n be_v a_o white_a mantle_n and_o on_o the_o breast_n thereof_o for_o their_o ensign_n they_o wear_v a_o black_a cross_n void_v with_o a_o cross_a potence_n the_o holy_a land_n be_v retake_v from_o the_o christian_n by_o the_o saracen_n these_o knight_n return_v into_o germany_n where_o they_o have_v not_o continue_v long_o ere_o they_o go_v to_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n the_o second_o and_o acquaint_v he_o that_o the_o people_n of_o prusia_n who_o be_v barbarous_a idolater_n use_v incursion_n upon_o the_o confine_n of_o saxony_n and_o beseech_v the_o emperor_n leave_n to_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o at_o their_o own_o charge_n but_o with_o this_o condition_n that_o whatsoever_o they_o take_v shall_v be_v they_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o say_a order_n which_o request_n be_v so_o reasonable_a be_v immediate_o grant_v they_o and_o confirm_v under_o his_o scal_fw-mi and_o be_v thus_o encourage_v forthwith_o take_v up_o arm_n in_o which_o they_o be_v so_o fortunate_a that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n they_o not_o only_o subdue_v all_o that_o province_n but_o also_o pass_v the_o river_n vistula_n and_o conquer_v other_o people_n who_o become_v their_o tributary_n and_o receive_v the_o christian_a faith_n these_o knight_n thus_o increase_v in_o riches_n and_o territory_n they_o build_v divers_a church_n and_o cathedral_n temple_n where_o reside_v bishop_n who_o be_v enjoin_v to_o wear_v the_o habit_n of_o the_o order_n and_o near_o unto_o the_o river_n vistula_n be_v a_o great_a oak_n where_o in_o anno_fw-la 1340._o they_o build_v the_o first_o casâ—â—â—_n and_o town_n which_o afterward_o take_v the_o name_n of_o mareenburgh_n or_o burgo_n 〈◊〉_d st._n maria_n where_o be_v now_o the_o chief_a châ—rch_n belong_v to_o this_o order_n to_o which_o belong_v so_o great_a riches_n that_o these_o knight_n for_o man_n and_o money_n may_v compare_v with_o divers_a prince_n but_o about_o the_o year_n 1525._o albertus_n brandenburg_n be_v great_a master_n he_o renounce_v this_o order_n and_o become_v feudatory_a to_o sigismond_n the_o first_o king_n of_o poland_n who_o raise_v prusia_n into_o a_o dukedom_n and_o this_o albert_n be_v make_v first_o duke_n thereof_o but_o some_o of_o the_o knight_n do_v afterward_o elect_v a_o new_a great_a master_n and_o settle_v in_o germany_n but_o the_o order_n be_v now_o of_o small_a lustre_n knight_n of_o st._n gereom_o this_o order_n receive_v its_o first_o institution_n by_o frederick_n barborossa_n the_o emperor_n which_o consist_v only_o of_o german_a gentleman_n their_o habit_n be_v a_o white_a gown_n whereon_o they_o wear_v a_o black_a patriarchal_a cross_n set_v on_o a_o green_a hillock_n and_o they_o follow_v the_o rule_n of_o st._n augustine_n knight_n of_o st._n george_n in_o austria_n and_o carinthia_n this_o order_n be_v erect_v in_o anno_fw-la 1470._o by_o frederick_n the_o three_o emperor_n of_o germany_n principal_o for_o the_o guard_v the_o frontier_n of_o germany_n austria_n carinthia_n stiria_n and_o hungary_n against_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o turk_n who_o before_o much_o harassed_a these_o part_n but_o since_o the_o institution_n of_o these_o knight_n they_o have_v receive_v great_a check_n their_o ensign_n be_v st._n george_n cross_n which_o they_o wear_v on_o their_o garment_n which_o be_v white_a they_o profess_v conjugal_a chastity_n and_o obedience_n to_o their_o great_a master_n who_o seat_n and_o residence_n be_v the_o castle_n of_o mildstad_n in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o carinthia_n where_o there_o be_v found_v a_o cathedral_n church_n of_o canon_n under_o the_o rule_n of_o st._n augustine_n and_o for_o their_o protector_n they_o have_v or_o have_v the_o emperor_n knight_n of_o st._n michael_n the_o archangel_n this_o order_n be_v institute_v in_o anno_fw-la 1618._o by_o charles_n gonzaga_n duke_n of_o mantua_n and_o nevers_n together_o with_o the_o contrivance_n of_o his_o brother_n adolph_n count_n of_o altham_n and_o john_n baptist_n petrignan_n sfortia_n chief_o to_o establish_v peace_n and_o concord_n between_o christian_a prince_n and_o their_o subject_n and_o to_o relate_v and_o redeem_v captive_n the_o year_n follow_v this_o order_n be_v receive_v at_o vienna_n by_o sundry_a prince_n of_o divers_a country_n and_o in_o anno_fw-la 1624._o it_o be_v confirm_v by_o pope_n vrban_n the_o eight_o their_o habit_n be_v a_o white_a mantle_n over_o which_o they_o wear_v a_o short_a of_o blue_a silk_n with_o buskin_n also_o of_o blue_a and_o a_o black_a silk_n cap._n about_o their_o neck_n on_o a_o blue_a ribon_n hang_v a_o gold_n cross_n of_o eight_o point_n enamel_v blue_a on_o the_o one_o side_n thereof_o be_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o virgin_n mary_n with_o our_o saviour_n in_o her_o arm_n and_o on_o the_o other_o the_o figure_n of_o st._n michael_n tread_v the_o dragon_n under_o his_o foot_n and_o on_o the_o left_a side_n of_o their_o white_a mantle_n be_v a_o cross_n embroider_v with_o blue_a silk_n and_o gold_n in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o be_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n with_o christ_n in_o her_o left_a arm_n and_o a_o sceptre_n in_o her_o right_a hand_n crown_v with_o twelve_o star_n surround_v with_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o a_o crescent_n under_o her_o foot_n all_o which_o be_v encircle_v with_o the_o cord_n of_o st._n francis_n and_o the_o four_o angle_n of_o the_o cross_n cast_v forth_o each_o of_o they_o a_o golden_a flame_n but_o some_o difference_n arise_v among_o the_o founder_n of_o this_o order_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o its_o so_o sudden_a dissolution_n knight_n of_o st._n anthony_n in_o hainolt_n this_o order_n be_v institute_v in_o anno_fw-la 1382._o by_o albert_n of_o bavaria_n earl_n of_o hainolt_n zealand_n and_o holland_n upon_o his_o expedition_n against_o the_o turk_n and_o moor_n their_o ensign_n be_v a_o golden_a collar_n after_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o hermit_n girdle_n to_o which_o hang_v a_o walk_a staff_n and_o a_o little_a golden_a bell._n knight_n of_o the_o tusin_n order_n in_o bohemia_n or_o austria_n this_o order_n as_o it_o be_v say_v be_v institute_v by_o the_o archduke_n of_o austria_n for_o the_o engage_v their_o subject_n to_o expel_v the_o turk_n and_o heretic_n out_o of_o their_o territory_n which_o for_o about_o two_o hundred_o year_n have_v there_o seat_v themselves_o which_o cost_v the_o duke_n a_o excessive_a charge_n to_o maintain_v a_o war_n against_o they_o and_o to_o no_o great_a purpose_n but_o these_o knight_n have_v by_o grant_n for_o their_o support_n what_o they_o gain_v from_o they_o give_v they_o so_o great_a encouragement_n that_o in_o a_o few_o year_n the_o whole_a province_n be_v almost_o clear_v of_o they_o by_o they_o their_o habit_n be_v a_o red_a and_o their_o ensign_n be_v a_o plain_a green_a cross._n knight_n of_o st._n hubert_n in_o gulick_n or_o juliers_n this_o order_n be_v institute_v in_o anno_fw-la 1473._o by_o gerard_n duke_n of_o gulick_n and_o berg_n or_o juliers_n and_o mount_n in_o honour_n of_o st._n hubert_n
brakent_n wait_v in_o the_o parish_n of_o kirkbyâ—_n overblow_v in_o the_o iâ—est_a ride_v of_o yorkshire_n esq_n lineal_o descend_v from_o the_o warner_n of_o warner_n hall_n in_o the_o county_n of_o essex_n humphrey_n borlase_n of_o treluddro_n in_o the_o county_n of_o cornwall_n esqr._o anthony_n keck_n of_o the_o inner_a temple_n london_n esqr._o jacob_n lucy_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n esqr._n now_o marry_v to_o mary_n daughter_n of_o john_n sr._n john_n of_o coldoverton_n in_o the_o county_n of_o leicester_n esqr._o richard_n peirce_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n esqr._o roger_n james_n of_o riegate_n in_o surrey_n esqr._n of_o yâ—_z ancient_a family_n of_o haestract_n in_o holland_n from_o who_o be_v descend_v the_o several_a family_n of_o the_o james_n of_o surreyâ—_n kent_n middlesex_n &_o essex_n wk._n sd._n roger_n be_v nâ—w_o marry_v to_o elizabeth_n daughter_n of_o sr._n anthony_n ancher_n of_o bishop_n boâ—â—â—h_o in_o kent_n kt._n decease_a charles_n beauvoir_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n esqr._n desâ—â—nded_v from_o the_o family_n of_o the_o beauvoir_n of_o the_o island_n of_o garnsey_n john_n evance_n of_o the_o city_n 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d london_n esqr._o valentine_n crome_n of_o maiden_n early_o in_o berkâ—shire_n esqr._n descend_v from_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o lewis_n in_o yorkshire_n thomas_n windham_n of_o tale_n in_o devonshire_n esq_n one_o of_o the_o groom_n of_o his_o matysâ—_n bedchamber_n three_o son_n of_o sr._n edmond_n windham_n of_o cathanger_n in_o somerset_n shireâ—_n kt_n martial_n of_o his_o matysâ—_n most_o honorable_n household_n and_o lineal_o descend_v of_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o windhams_n of_o crown-thorp_n in_o the_o county_n of_o norfolk_n thomas_n stringer_n of_o bexwell_n in_o the_o county_n of_o essex_n esqâ—_n daniel_n collingwood_n of_o branton_n in_o northumberland_n es_fw-ge r_o major_a to_o the_o queen_n troop_n of_o his_o majesty_n guard_n governor_n of_o his_o matisâ—_n castle_n in_o holy_a island_n and_o deputy_n lieutenant_n of_o the_o sâ—id_a county_n of_o northumberland_n john_n jollife_o of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n esq_n r_o descen_v from_o the_o family_n of_o jollif_n of_o botham_n in_o staffordshire_n john_n strachey_n of_o sutton_n court_n in_o the_o county_z of_o somerset_z esqr._o nicholas_n martin_n of_o lincoln_n inn_n in_o middlesex_n esq._n son_n and_o heir_n of_o nicholas_n martin_n of_o lincoln_n â—n_n aforesaid_a esr._n decease_a who_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o family_n of_o ye._n martin_n of_o admiston_n alias_o athelhaâ—â—ston_n in_o dorsetsh_n now_o marry_v to_o dorcas_n daughter_n oâ—_n richard_n graves_n esqr._n decease_a late_a reader_n of_o lincoln_n innâ—_n william_n palmer_n of_o winthorp_n in_o lincolnsh_n esq_n â—_o captain_n of_o a_o troop_n in_o the_o regiment_n of_o horse_n of_o his_o grace_n the_o duke_n of_o monmouth_n captain_n general_n of_o all_o his_o â—atys_v land_n force_n edward_n clerk_n of_o the_o inner_a temple_n london_n esqr._n son_n and_o heir_n of_o edward_n clarke_n of_o chipley_n in_o the_o county_z of_o somerset_z esqr._n marry_a mary_n sole_a daughter_n &_o heir_n of_o samuel_n jeppe_n of_o suttons_n courtâ—_n in_o the_o sd._n county_n esq._n anthony_n row_n of_o st._n martin_n in_o the_o field_n in_o the_o county_n of_o middâ—_n esq_n â—_o three_o son_n of_o sr._n thomas_n rowe_n of_o muswell_n hill_n in_o the_o say_z county_z k_o â—_o henry_n marwood_n of_o 〈◊〉_d busâ—y_n in_o yorkshire_n esqr._n son_n and_o heir_n of_o sr._n george_n hâ—rwood_n bart._n first_o marry_v to_o margaret_n four_o daughter_n of_o thâ—_n r_o â—_o honourable_a conâ—ers_n ld._n darcâ—â—to_o his_o second_o dorothy_n second_o daughter_n of_o allen_n bellingham_n of_o leaven_n in_o westmâ—rland_n esq_n r_o and_o to_o his_o present_a wife_n 〈◊〉_d second_o daughter_n of_o sr._n thoâ—_n wâ—â—â—worth_n of_o emprall_n in_o yorkshire_n k_o â—_o edward_n brabaâ—on_n of_o bally_n arthur_n in_o the_o county_n of_o wicâ—loe_n in_o ireland_n esqr._n second_o son_n to_o the_o right_n honourable_a edward_n earl_n of_o â—eath_n decease_v william_n lâ—ggan_n of_o butler_n marston_n in_o warwickshire_n esqrâ—_n now_o marry_v to_o 〈◊〉_d daughter_n to_o 〈◊〉_d newsham_n of_o chadhurst_n in_o the_o s_o d_o county_n esq_n r_o henry_n brouncker_fw-ge of_n roumbold-week_n in_o sussex_v and_o of_o brokedish_a in_o norfolk_n esqr._o james_n vernon_n of_o st._n martin_n in_o the_o field_n middlesex_n esq_n r_o secretary_n to_o the_o r_o t_o noble_a james_n duke_n of_o monmouth_n descend_v from_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o vernons_n of_o cheshire_n who_o be_v baron_n of_o shipbrooke_n thomas_n cudmore_n of_o keâ—edon_n in_o essex_n esqr._n son_n &heire_n &heire_n of_o thomas_n cudmore_n esqr._n deceasedâ—_n by_o dorothy_n elder_a daughter_n and_o coheir_n of_o sr._n thomas_n cecil_n kt._n son_n of_o tho_n earl_n of_o exeterâ—_n by_o dorothy_n daughter_n &_o coheir_n of_o john_n nevil_n ld._n latimer_n son_n and_o heir_n of_o io_n ld._n latimer_n by_o dorothy_n daughter_n and_o coheyre_n of_o sr._n george_n vere_n kt._n wch_z sd._n sr._n tho_n die_v anno_fw-la 1002._o and_o â—â—eth_v bury_v in_o stamford_n baron_n in_o northaâ—tonsâ—â—mong_n his_o ancestor_n samuel_n collins_n dr._n in_o physic_n late_a fellow_n of_o trinity_n college_n in_o cambridge_n only_a sonof_o john_n collins_n late_a parson_n of_o rotherfield_n in_o sussâ—x_n decend_v from_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o collins_n of_o the_o county_n of_o somersetâ—_n and_o devonshire_n he_o waâ—â—_n first_o marry_v to_o ann_n elder_a daughter_n of_o john_n bodenham_n esqr._n descend_v from_o the_o family_n of_o the_o bodenhams_n of_o wiltshiâ—_n and_o herefordshire_n and_o now_o to_o dame_n katherine_n countess_n dowager_n of_o carnwath_n in_o scotland_o daughter_n of_o io_n abington_n of_o dowde_n well_o in_o glocestershire_n esqr._n descend_v from_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o abington_n of_o esquire_n chap._n xxv_o although_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n there_o be_v no_o gentleman_n of_o title_n under_o knight_n but_o all_o the_o rest_n go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o people_n yet_o with_o we_o there_o be_v in_o this_o rank_n which_o have_v name_n of_o pre-eminence_n whereby_o they_o be_v in_o degree_n above_o the_o rest_n as_o esquire_n and_o gentleman_n all_o which_o give_v ensign_n of_o coat_n of_o arm_n and_o thereby_o be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o mean_a people_n in_o which_o respect_n bartoll'_v tract_n the_o ensign_n call_v they_o noble_a but_o yet_o of_o weak_a nobility_n for_o it_o have_v no_o further_a prerogative_n in_o it_o than_o it_o make_v they_o differ_v from_o the_o base_a sort_n of_o people_n of_o these_o two_o sort_n of_o gentleman_n with_o we_o the_o esquire_n have_v the_o priority_n but_o it_o seem_v if_o a_o esquire_n be_v name_v gentleman_n or_o a_o gentleman_n call_v a_o esquire_n it_o be_v no_o offence_n or_o fault_n in_o legal_a proceed_n esquire_n seem_v by_o the_o common_a name_n we_o give_v he_o in_o latin_a to_o have_v his_o original_a either_o for_o that_o he_o carry_v the_o armour_n of_o the_o king_n duke_z or_o other_o great_a personage_n as_o we_o read_v not_o only_o in_o scripture_n as_o saul_n and_o jonathan_n have_v their_o armour-bearer_n but_o in_o poet_n and_o other_o profane_a story_n we_o find_v that_o troclus_n be_v achilles_n armour-bearer_n and_o clitus_n alexander_n the_o great_a whereupon_o some_o write_v that_o he_o who_o we_o call_v armiger_n in_o latin_a be_v a_o footman_n that_o with_o a_o spear_n shield_n or_o head-piece_n follow_v a_o arm_a knight_n in_o battle_n or_o rather_o as_o some_o other_o suppose_v it_o be_v the_o footman_n arm_v in_o the_o field_n but_o howsoever_o the_o word_n be_v take_v this_o be_v sure_a that_o those_o man_n be_v of_o good_a account_n in_o the_o old_a time_n as_o those_o that_o win_v themselves_o credit_v out_o of_o war_n and_o so_o their_o estimation_n remain_v in_o their_o posterity_n and_o as_o those_o be_v in_o time_n before_o so_o be_v these_o which_o be_v in_o our_o day_n as_o descend_v for_o the_o most_o part_n from_o their_o worthy_a ancestor_n and_o our_o book_n of_o common_a law_n do_v distinguish_v they_o thus_o viz._n knighthood_n be_v a_o dignity_n but_o esquire_n and_o gentleman_n be_v but_o name_n of_o worship_n and_o brook_n in_o the_o abridgement_n of_o that_o case_n title_n nosman_n the_o dignity_n 33._o say_v to_o be_v a_o knight_n est_fw-la gradus_fw-la but_o to_o be_v a_o esquire_n or_o gentleman_n est_fw-la status_fw-la for_o gradus_fw-la continet_fw-la status_fw-la in_o se_fw-la &_o non_fw-la è_fw-la contrario_fw-la concern_v the_o word_n worshipful_a read_v in_o the_o print_a book_n of_o title_n of_o honour_n the_o first_o part_n fol._n 124._o &_o sequentia_fw-la in_o time_n past_o every_o knight_n have_v two_o of_o these_o wait_n upon_o he_o who_o carry_v his_o murrain_n and_o shield_n and_o as_o inseparable_a companion_n they_o stick_v close_o to_o he_o because_o of_o the_o say_a knight_n their_o lord_n they_o hold_v
certain_a land_n in_o escuage_z like_z as_o the_o knight_n himself_o do_v of_o the_o king_n by_o knight_n service_n the_o beginning_n of_o give_v arm_n in_o europe_n among_o christian_n be_v suppose_v from_o the_o holy_a war_n for_o the_o turk_n paint_v they_o not_o and_o so_o with_o we_o about_o henry_n the_o three_o time_n they_o become_v here_o more_o firm_o establish_v and_o when_o the_o prince_n ennoble_v any_o he_o usual_o give_v they_o the_o particular_a of_o his_o bear_n in_o blazon_n john_n selden_n in_o his_o preface_n fol._n 5._o where_o you_o may_v also_o see_v a_o example_n in_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o but_o now_o there_o be_v five_o distinct_a sort_n of_o esquire_n observe_v and_o those_o that_o have_v be_v already_o speak_v of_o be_v now_o in_o no_o request_n of_o these_o sort_n the_o principal_a at_o this_o day_n be_v the_o elder_a son_n of_o viscount_n and_o lord_n next_o be_v all_o nobleman_n young_a son_n then_o be_v account_v those_o that_o be_v select_a 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make_v man_n of_o worth_n and_o honourable_a blood_n to_o the_o end_n that_o their_o majesty_n may_v be_v accompany_v in_o their_o own_o honour_n every_o of_o which_o knight_n have_v two_o gentleman_n to_o attend_v they_o in_o that_o ceremony_n who_o be_v ever_o after_o by_o that_o service_n enable_v to_o be_v esquire_n during_o their_o life_n but_o the_o name_n of_o esquire_n in_o ancient_a time_n be_v a_o name_n of_o charge_n and_o office_n and_o first_o creep_v in_o among_o other_o title_n of_o dignity_n and_o worship_n so_o far_o as_o ever_o i_o can_v observe_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o vide_fw-la sir_n thomas_n smith_n de_fw-fr republica_n anglorum_fw-la fol._n 26._o where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o esquire_n be_v no_o distinct_a order_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n a_o sergeant_n of_o the_o king_n kitchen_n may_v bear_v the_o name_n and_o addition_n of_o cook_n or_o esquire_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o newton_n but_o jenne_n say_v such_o officer_n of_o his_o majesty_n be_v household_n will_v be_v much_o grieve_v if_o they_o shall_v be_v name_v by_o their_o trade_n or_o office_n peradventure_o in_o that_o case_n the_o writ_n may_v be_v good_a because_o of_o the_o statute_n viz._n 1_o hen._n 5._o ch_n 5._o for_o the_o statute_n be_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v name_v of_o the_o town_n degree_n state_n condition_n or_o mystery_n and_o when_o he_o be_v name_v cook_n he_o observe_v the_o statute_n for_o he_o have_v name_v he_o by_o his_o own_o name_n of_o mystery_n and_o yet_o he_o may_v be_v in_o that_o case_n a_o esquire_n and_o a_o cook_n if_o a_o man_n be_v a_o esquire_n or_o gentleman_n only_o by_o office_n and_o lose_v the_o same_o he_o lose_v also_o that_o title_n of_o gentility_n note_v that_o a_o esquire_n or_o gentleman_n be_v but_o a_o addition_n to_o satisfy_v the_o say_a statute_n but_o name_n of_o dignity_n be_v parcel_n of_o the_o name_n and_o thereupon_o if_o a_o praecipe_fw-la quod_fw-la reddat_fw-la be_v against_o john_n a_o stiles_n yeoman_n and_o recovery_n be_v have_v whereas_o the_o tenant_n be_v a_o gentleman_n yet_o the_o recovery_n be_v good_a the_o same_o law_n where_o a_o release_n be_v make_v to_o john_n a_o stiles_n yeoman_n who_o be_v a_o gentleman_n and_o where_o addition_n be_v give_v by_o the_o party_n where_o it_o need_v not_o by_o the_o law_n be_v no_o dignity_n it_o be_v void_a so_o if_o a_o deed_n be_v make_v to_o a_o gentleman_n by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o yeoman_n for_o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n between_o deed_n and_o writ_n if_o a_o esquire_n be_v to_o be_v arraign_v of_o high_a treason_n he_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v try_v per_fw-la probos_fw-la &_o legales_fw-la homines_fw-la that_o may_v expend_v forty_o shilling_n of_o freehold_n or_o be_v worth_a one_o hundred_o pound_n in_o the_o value_n of_o good_n and_o so_o the_o statute_n that_o do_v speak_v of_o man_n of_o his_o condition_n have_v always_o be_v put_v in_o ure_n dyer_n 99_o b._n note_v a_o knight_n have_v no_o other_o privilege_n by_o statute_n or_o common_a law_n the_o king_n may_v make_v a_o esquire_n by_o patent_n viz._n creamus_fw-la te_fw-la armigerum_fw-la etc._n etc._n note_v the_o preface_n to_o the_o print_a book_n of_o title_n of_o honour_n 5._o b._n &_o 318._o by_o the_o statute_n 21._o hen._n 8._o chap._n 13._o among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o brethren_n and_o son_n bear_v in_o wedlock_n of_o every_o knight_n be_v spiritual_a man_n may_v every_o of_o they_o purchase_v licence_n or_o dispensation_n and_o receive_v take_v and_o keep_v two_o parsonage_n or_o benefice_n with_o cure_n of_o soul_n the_o son_n or_o son_n of_o any_o knight_n and_o heir_n apparent_a of_o a_o esquire_n be_v privilege_n to_o keep_v greyhound_n set_v dog_n or_o net_n to_o take_v pheasant_n or_o partridge_n though_o he_o can_v dispend_v ten_o pound_n in_o his_o own_o right_n or_o in_o his_o wife_n right_a of_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n or_o of_o the_o value_n of_o thirty_o pound_n of_o estate_n for_o life_n by_o the_o precedent_a discourse_n of_o knight_n bachelor_n we_o understand_v that_o all_o person_n by_o the_o common_a law_n be_v compellable_n to_o take_v the_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n or_o to_o fine_a if_o they_o be_v possess_v of_o such_o a_o estate_n as_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n shall_v judge_v fit_a to_o maintain_v that_o port_n in_o their_o country_n and_o his_o annual_a revenue_n deem_v fit_a for_o that_o dignity_n and_o the_o fine_n impose_v upon_o such_o as_o refuse_v we_o find_v in_o our_o history_n and_o statute_n to_o vary_v with_o the_o time_n and_o certain_o the_o best_a esquire_n or_o at_o lest_o none_o under_o the_o reputation_n of_o gentleman_n be_v compel_v although_o it_o be_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n and_o therefore_o 1_o edw._n 2._o stat._n de_fw-fr militibus_fw-la the_o parliament_n say_v sanderson_n more_o for_o ease_v of_o the_o subject_a than_o profit_n of_o the_o king_n limit_v it_o to_o such_o as_o have_v twenty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o better_a and_o afterward_o it_o be_v raise_v to_o thirty_o pound_n and_o a_o plentiful_a revenue_n in_o those_o time_n when_o a_o dowry_n of_o three_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o a_o queen_n be_v deem_v a_o great_a impoverishment_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n but_o the_o east_n and_o western_a part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v lay_v open_a to_o the_o merchant_n money_n begin_v to_o be_v more_o common_a and_o by_o consequence_n land_n to_o its_o value_n so_o that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o forty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v the_o rate_n set_v for_o such_o as_o ought_v to_o be_v make_v knight_n or_o to_o fine_a many_o farmer_n leaseholder_n merchant_n inholder_n and_o other_o be_v call_v in_o whereby_o above_o 100_o thousand_o pound_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o exchequer_n notwithstanding_o which_o divers_a person_n make_v friend_n and_o take_v the_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n which_o occasion_v the_o extinguishment_n of_o the_o ancient_a tax_n for_o many_o esquire_n by_o birth_n wealth_n and_o education_n who_o bear_v the_o chief_a office_n of_o honour_n and_o trust_v in_o the_o commonwealth_n disdain_v to_o stoop_v or_o give_v place_n to_o those_o new_a dub_a knight_n countenance_v the_o complaint_n of_o the_o common_a people_n against_o the_o law_n itself_o as_o a_o grievance_n and_o prevail_v so_o far_o in_o the_o follow_a parliament_n to_o get_v it_o repeal_v as_o you_o may_v see_v 17_o car._n chap._n 20._o since_o which_o time_n the_o difference_n between_o the_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n and_o dignity_n of_o a_o esquire_n consist_v only_o in_o title_n a_o double_a rate_n in_o the_o pole_n tax_n and_o priority_n of_o place_n which_o as_o i_o before_o note_v be_v often_o