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A56157 The doome of cowardisze [sic] and treachery or, A looking-glasse for cowardly or corrupt governours, and souldiers, who through pusillanimity or bribery, betray their trusts, to the publick prejudice Containing certaine domestick lawes, heretofore, lately made, and judgements given against such timorous and treacherous persons; fit to be known in these unhappy times of warre. By William Prynne, utter barrester of Lincolnes-Inne. Imprimatur Iohn White, Octob. 23. 1643. Prynne, William, 1600-1669. 1643 (1643) Wing P3947A; ESTC R212960 27,332 24

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by Sea or Land let him lose all that is his and his very life and the Lord may lay hands on the land which he had formerly given to him And he who shall be slaine in War before his Lord be it in the Land or elsewhere let his reliefes be pardoned and his heires enjoy his Monie and Land without any diminution and divide it among themselves By the Statutes of 18. H. 6. c. 19.7 H. 7. c. 1.3 H. 8. c. 5.2 E. 6. c. 2.4 5. Phil. Mary c. 2.3.5 Eliz. c. 15. It is made no lesse then felonie and death for any Souldiers to depart from their Captaines without their license under hand for which many Souldiers have been condemned executed a● you may read in Sir Edward Cookes 6. Rep. f. 27. in the case of Souldiers And before these Statutes Thomas Earle of Lancaster was (h) proclaimed a Traitor by the whole Armie in the .12 Yeare of King Edward the second for departing in discontent from the Ar●ie at the Siege of Berwick by meanes whereof it was not taken and the Siege raised If then deserter● and forsakers onely of their Captaines and Military Service are punishable with death then much more such Cowards and Fugitives who (i) like the Children of Ephraim being armed and carrying bowes turne their backs and flie in the daie of battell or refuse to (k) stand in the gap to make up the breach and repulse the Enemie For presidents of proceedings and judgements against Cowardly Souldiers and Governous of Forts take these ensuing insteed of many (l) Henry de Essex standard-bearer to the Kings of England by right of inheritance was accused of high Treason in the second yeere of King Henrie the second by Robert de Montford his neere kinsman vanquished by him in a Duel● at Reading for his Cowardlie abandoning and throwing down the Standard Royall i● north-Northwales in the Battel against Prince Owen amidst the mountaines flying when fiercely assaulted by the Welsh wherby the Kings Armie was endangered to be Routed whereupon though his life was pardoned yet his lands were seised into the Kings hand and he shor●e and shut up a Monke in the Abbie of Reading where he died In the Parliament Rolls of 1. R. 2. Num. 38● 39.40 I finde this notable record which I shall transcribe at large Item whereas it was praied by the Comm●ns that all those who have rendred or lost Castles or Townes through the verie default of the Captaines might be put to answer it to thi● Parliament and severely punished according ●o their desert by award of the Lords and Barronage to eschew the evill examples which they have given to other● who are Governours of Townes and Castles it was commaunded to Sir Alexander de Buxhall Constable of the Tower of London that he should cause to come before the Lords in Parliament at Westminster on Friday the 27 day of November in the yeere afor●said Sir Iohn de Gomineys and William de Weston apprehended and detained in the said Tower by the command of our Lord the King because they had lost and rendered such Castles and Townes to the Enemies of our Lord the King to answer thereunto upon the Articles which shall be surmised against them for the said cause on the behalfe of our Lord the King Upon which day of Friday the said Iohn and William being brought by the said Constable before the Lords aforesaid in full Parliament sitting in the white Chamber they were severally arraigned at the Commandement of the said Lords by Sir Richard Lescrop Knight Steward of the house of our Lord the King in manner as ensueth William de Weston you tooke upon you from the most puissant Prince whom God assoyle Sir Edward late King of England Grand-father of our Lord the King that now is safely to keepe to him and his heires Kings of England the Castle of Outhrewyck without surrendering it to any one but to the said Grand-Father or to his said heires or by command from him or from his said heires have you William who are a Liege-man of our Lord the King in times of the same our Lord the King who now is true heire to the said Grand-Father delivered and surrendered the same to the Enemies of our Lord the King without command from him to the dishonour or dammage of him and his Crown and of the Estate of his Realme of England against your allegiance and undertaking aforesaid What will you say hereunto (m) Whereupon the said William said that he had put his answers in writing and produced before them a Cedule containing many thi●gs comprised within the same and came and read the said Cedule in full Parliament Whereupon it was demanded of him by the said Steward if he presented b●fore them this Cedule for a finall answer in this behalfe or not And hereupon the said William prayed that this Cedule might be redelivered to him and that he might put in his finall answer which Cedule for the cause aforesaid was redelivered to him and after the said William delivered the said Cedule with an addition put thereunto in full Parliament for his finall answer in this behalfe the Tenor of which Cedule is such as followeth To the most sage Councell of our Lord the King and to the other Lords and Commons of the Parliament supplicates and sheweth William de Weston that albeit he be accused of this that he hath maliciously rendered the Castle of Outhrewyk of which he had the custody by delivery and assignment of our Lord the King may it please your sage and just discretion to have the said William excused thereof for these causes ensuing First of all may it please you to remember how that the said William was lately enformed by a spie that a great power of the Enemies would come upon him to besiege the said Castle with very great and very grieuous Ordnances whereupon he the said William presently by his Attorney and by his Letters required of the said councell that it would please them to re-enforce the said Castle with m●re men for the defence and safegard thereof in regard that the Garrison of the said Castle that then was were not halfe sufficient in respect of multitude to resist so great a force in so large a place but in conclusion for all this he could not have any succour from the said councell And so the said William not at all through his default was left without people sufficient for to keepe and defend the said Castle any long tim● which he beseecheth you to take into your just and benigne consideration Also please you to know● how upon a Munday about one of the Clocke the enemy came to be●●eg● the said Castle to the ●umber of about 2600 Men of Armes and 700 Arblasters Genevoyes and with 5000 of the Commonalty of the Countrey having nine great Cannons divers Engines and one * Morter-piece beyond all measure greater then ever they had
THE DOOME OF COWARDISZE AND TREACHERY OR A Looking-Glasse for Cowardly or Corrupt Governours and Souldiers who through Pusillanimity or Bribery betray their Trusts to the publick Prejudice Containing certaine Domestick Lawes heretofore lately made and judgements given against such Timorous and Treacherous persons fit to be known in these unhappy Times of Warre By William Prynne Utter Barrester of Lincolnes-Inne DEVT. 20.1.2.34 When thou goest out to Battell against thine Enemies and seest Horses and Chariots and a people more then thou be not affraid of them for the Lord thy God is with thee which brought thee up out of the Land of Egypt And it shall be when yee are come nigh unto the Battell that the Priest shall approach and speak unto the people shall say unto them heare O Israel you approach this day unto the battell against your Enemies let not your hearts faint feare not and doe not tremble neither be yee terrified because of them for the Lord your God is he that goeth with you to fight for you against your Enemies to save you PSAL. 3.6 PSAL 27.3 I will not be affraid often thousands of people who have set themselves against me round about The Lord is my light and my salvation whom shall I feare The Lord is the strength of my life of whom shall I be affraid Though an host should encamp against me my heart shall not feare● though War should rise against me in this will I be confident LVKE 17.33 MAT. 16.25 Whosoever shall seek to save his life by cowardly and unworthy practises shall lose it and whosoever shall lose his life by adventuring it valiantly shall preserve it Imprimatur Iohn White Octob. 23. 1643. LONDON Printed for Michael Spark Senior and are to be sold at the Blew-Bible in Greene-Arbor 1643. TO THE READER REader I presume the following pages need no Apology for their seasonablenes in times of War or necessity in an Age of Timidity and Treachery All men of valour will protest and joyne forces with me against Cowards all persons of honor sincerity against Traytors and Deceivers the only enemies here encountred especially in a publique War undertaken managed for no other end but the defence of Religion Lawes Liberties Iustice and bringing Delinquents Traytors to their native Country unto condigne punishments In such a sacred warfare as this * Nulla fides pietasque viris qui castra sequuntur is not onely a Paradox but a Prodigy yea an inexpiable impiety which ought to admit no other Centurions or Souldiers but such as Cornelius is recorded to be Acts 10.1.2 A devout man and one who feared God with all his house which gave much Almes to the people insteed of plundring them and prayed to God alwayes Or in one word such as that royall magnanimous Generall and Captaine of Gods Host King David was * A man after Gods own heart who shall fulfill all his will To such Martiall men as these and I would to God all our Armies were wholy composed of no other I know these lines will be very acceptable no wayes displeasing If any grow offended at them I feare their indignation ariseth onely from or will be an evidence of thei●guilt in some particulars here arraigned condemned by the Law o● Arms If any complain of overmuch Brevity let them know that shor● Discourses are ever most sutable for men for times of action Souldiers who act much can read but little This induced mee to present thee with a Manuall only in such a subject which I could have amplified into a Volume Dictum sapienti sat est A few good presidents are sufficient to inform reform many persons and abuses which if these through Gods blessings shall effect I have the accomplishment o● my desire Farewell THE DOOME OF COWARDIZE and TREACHERY IT was one part of that excellent Military Discipline which God himselfe pr●scribed unto his owne people when they went out to battell against their Enemies that the Officers should speak thus unto the people in nature of a publique Proclamation Deut. 20.18 What man is there that is fearfull and faint hearted let him go returne unto his hous● le●t his brethrens hearts faint by his flight or Cowardize as well as his heart In pursuance whereof valiant (a) Gideon having assembled an Army of thirty two thousand men to fight against the Midianites God commanded him to goe and proclaime in the Eares of the people saying whosoeever is fear●full and affraid l●t him returne and depart earlie from Mount Gilead where they were assembled whereupon there returned of the people twenty two thousand and there remained only ten thousand more then two parts of three being pusillanimous Cowards and therefore altogether unfit for martiall affaires better dismissed then retained in such a service (b) The like Proclamation according to this Law we finde made by that heroick Generall of the Jewes Iudas Maccabaeus Cowardly and timorous persons are (c) no fit Souldiers to be imployed in any temporall or spirituall Militia and therfore by Gods own directions are ●o be cashiered out of both It is therefore the duty of every person who takes upon him the profession of a Souldier but more especially the Office of a Governour or Commander (d) seriously to examine his own heart and spirit wh●ther he hath sufficient c●urage valour resolution as well as skill or prudence to execute discharge such a most generous calling before he undertake it that knowne speech of Chabrias being an experimentall verity (e) That an Army of harts with a Lyon for their Leader is more terrible then an Army of Lyons with an hart for their Commander the Cowardise of the Generall being o●t times the overthrow of the most valorous Army and the timorousnesse or covetousnesse of the Governour the losse of the strongest City or Castle to the intolerable dammage of those States or Princes who imploy them in such military services Hence in all ages cowardly mercenary treacherous Souldiers and Governours who through ●eare or covetousnesse be●ray their trusts have undergone most exemplary censures and punishments of an high strain● as well for their ●●●illanimity as treachery fit to be publickly knowne in these times of War for the terror of such Delinquents and better incouragement of all men of Armes valorously and faithfully to discharge the trusts they have taken upon them even for feare of legall executions where the advancement of their own honour and reputation and publique safety will not engage them faithfully to discharge their duties Not to trouble you with any (f) forraine Histories Lawes or Customes of this nature I shall present you onely with some few domestick precedents to which the industrious perusers of our Records and Annalls may accumulate many more By the (g) Lawes of King Edward the Confessor hee who flieth from his Lord or fellow Souldier for feare of War or death in the conduct of the Horetock or Captaine in any expedition