of some persons so called Morpheus somni minister sleep or the God thereof Morta one of the destines Mortal sin See Venial Mortgage Fr. mort i. mors and gage i. pignus merces signifies in our Common Law a pawn of Land or Tenement or any thing movable laid or bound for money borrowed peremptorily to be the Creditors for ever if the mony be not repaid at the day agreed on And the Creditor holding such Land or Tenement is called Tenant in Mortgage Mortiferous mortifer deadly that brings death Mortification mortificatio a mortifying a queling taming or punishing the flesh a deading the appetite a killing of lust Mortmain Fr. i. a dead hand signifies in Law an alienation of Lands or Tenements to any Corporation Guild or Fraternity and their Successors As Bishops Parsons Vicars c. which may not be done without license of the King and the Lord of the Mannor c. See more of this in Cowel Mortress a meat made of boyled Hens crums of bread yolkes of eggs and Saffron all boyled together Chauc Mortuary mortuarium is a gift left by a man at his death to his Parish Church in recompence of his personal Tithes and Offerings not duely paid in his life time Heretofore if a man had three or more Cattel of any kind the best being kept for the Lord of the Fee as a Herriot The second was wont to be given to the Parson in Right of the Church But by the Statute of 21 H. 8. ca. 6. a rate in money is set down for Mortuaries viz. three shillings four pence where the goods of the deceased are above the value of twenty Nobles and under thirty pound six shillings eight pence where the goods exceed thirty pound and under forty pound and ten shillings where the goods amount above the value of forty pound c. These Mortuaries are due but in some particular places and were also called Corse or Corps-presents Mosaique or Musaical work Mosaicum musaeacum vel Musivum opus is a most curious work wrought with stones of divers colours and divers mettles into the shape of knots flowers and other devices with that excellency of cunning that they seem all to be one stone and rather the work of Nature then Art Sir Henry Wotton describes it thus Mosaique is a kind of painting in smal Pebbles Cockles and shels of sundry colours and of late dayes likewise with peeces of glass figured at pleasure An ornament in truth of much beauty and long life but of most use in Pavements and floarings El. of Archit p. 261. St. Marks Church in Venice abounds with curiosity of this Work of which the Venetians vaunt themselves to be the Authors See Marquetry Mosaical of or pertaining to Moses or to Mosaick work Mosche or Mosque a Temple or Church among the Turks and Saracens the Persians call it a Moschea Motable motabilis alwayes moving still in motion Motacism motacismus the dashing out a letter Mother a disease in women when the womb riseth with pain for which the smelling to all sweet savors is harmful as contrarily to all strong and loathsom good Mot Fr. Motto Ital. a word But in a restrained sence it is properly taken for the Word or short sentence applied to an Imprése or Devise See Devise There are also Motto's belonging to the Coats of Arms of most of the Nobility and Gentry which are seldom in the English tongue Mot is also a Note which a Huntsman winds on his horn Motet Fr. a verse in Musick or of a Song a Pâ—sie a short-lay Mountain of Piety mons pietatis is a stock of money raised by the charity of good people who observing the poor ruined by the usury of Jews voluntarily contributed good store of treasure to be preserved and lent to them whereby they upon security might have money at a low rate to relieve their wants which because the mass is great and the thing pious and charitable in it self is called a Mountain of Piety But in respect the Officers and incident charges cannot be had without some emolument therefore the borrower payes somewhat by the moneth for the loan of that he receives Cajet opusc de monte Pietat c. 1. Mountebank Ital. Montimbanco Span. Saltaenbanco Fr. Charlatan Tent. Landstreicher Belg. Quaksalvar a cousening Drug-seller a base deceitful Merchant especially of Apothecaries Drugs that with impudent Lying does for the most part sell counterfeit stuff to the common people Muccâ—lâ—ginous comes from the Latin muccago or muccus or mucus snot or snivil snivilish snotty filthy and thence flegmy and the like Dr. Br. Mucculent or Muculent muculentus full of snot or snivel Mucid mucidus sinued hoâ—ry mouldy filthy Mucor Lat. hoariness filthiness Mue from the Fr. Muer to change a kind of Cage where Hawks are wintered or kept when they mue or change their feathers whence those great Stables belonging to Whitehall took denomination that place having been antiently full of Mues where the Kings Hawks were kept Mufti i. an Oracle or answerer of doubts a chief Priest among the Turks who is created by the Emperor and hath four several orders or Sects subordinate to him viz. 1. The Calenderim 2. The Haggiemlar 3. The Torlocchi 4. The Dervislar c. See Sir Hen. Blounts Voyage into the Levant p. 79. See Brachman Mugient mugiens lowing bellowing crying Mulato Span. the son of a woman Blackmore and a man of another Nation or è contra one that is of a mongril complexion Dr. Br. Mulcible mulcibilis which may be appeased Mulct mulcta a fine an amerciament a punishing by the purse Muleto a Moil or great Mule a beast much used in France for carrying Sumpters c. It may also be taken for a diminutive of Mule and so signifies a little Mule Muliebrity muliebritas tenderness delicateness womanliness Mulier Lat. signifies a woman that has had the company of a man but in our Law it signifies one that is lawfully begotten and born contradistinguished to Bastard Mulierosity mulierositas unlawful lust after women properly married or defiled women Mullar from the Lat. molo to grind is the upper stone which Painters and Limners use to grind their colours the neather stone is called the grinding stone The French call it a Moulleur Mullet mullus a kind of dainty fish Also a term in Heraldry signifying a Star-like spot and divided into five corners or ends and is the distinction for a third Brother Mulse mulsum water and honey sod together also sweet wine Mulsulmans Arab. the Turks or Mahumetists so called the word signifies as much as a people faithful in their Law or Religion Multatitious multatitius gotten by fine or forfeit Multifarious multifarius divers in conditions many ways divided Lo. Bac. Multiferous multifer bearing much or many fruitful Multifidous multifidus having many slits or clefts divided into many parts manifold Multiformity multiformitas diversity of form shape or figure Multiloquent multiloquus full of speech that hath many words
among the Greeks for manslaughter Abate from the Fr. Abatre i. to break down or destroy signifies in its vulgar sence to diminish or take away as to abate the courage of a man so one that abateth in Lands and Tenements by his entry diminishes and takes away the freehold in Law descended to the Heir In another sence it signifies to beat down or overthrow as to abate Castles Houses and the like and to abate a Writ is to destroy it for a time through want of good ground or other defect And hence comes Abatement which in our Common Law is an entry into Land by interposition of one that has no right after the death of the Ancestor and before the entry of the Heir Abba Syriack Father So Christ expounds it Mark 14.36 and St. Paul Rom. 3.15 Abbat or Abbot from Hebr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Abh or the Syriack Abba i.e. Father a spiritual Lord that has the rule and preheminence over a Religious House Abbord from the Italian abbordare to go near the shore also to bord or grapple with a ship Florio Abeyance or Abayence from the Fr. Bayer i. to gape covet or expect our Lawyers would signifie hereby a kind of hope or longing expectance because those things that are in Abeyance though for the present in no man yet they are in hope and expectation belonging to him who is next to enjoy them When the Parson of a Church dies we say the Freehold is in abeyance because the Church is in expectation of a successor in Potentia as Logicians phrase it Co. on Lit. l. 3. c. 11. Sect. 646. Abbreviator Latin one that abridges or makes a brief draught of a thing In Rome there are Officers belonging to the Pope called Abbreviators de parco majori whose Office is to endite letters at request of suppliants which inditing is termed a rough draught or copy of the Request And Abbreviators also de parco minori whom the Italians call Giannizzeri who also attend on the expedition of Letters 1. Part Treasury of Times Abbreviature abbreviatura a brief writing an Abridgment or brief of a thing Abdals a kind of Religious people among the Persians who take their name from Abdala Father of Mahomet they have no abode vow poverty lodge in Churches c. Herb. Travels p 167. Abdera A City in Thrace where Democritus the laughing Philosopher lived Hence Abderian laughter is used for mad foolish or incessant laughter and Abderite for Democritus or any inhabitant of that place Abdicate abdico to reject to renounce to refuse Abdication abdicatio a rejecting or refusing Abdominous from abdomen pertaining to the outward or former part of the belly or to an insatiable panch unweildy gross panch-bellied Mr. Fuller Abduct abduco to lead away by force or flattery to entice to withdraw Abduction abductio a leading or taking away Abecedary abecedarius pertaining to the Cross-row or the A B C. Abecedarian abecedarius one that teacheth or learns the Cross-row or the A B C. Abel Hebr. a mans name signifying mourning or vanity Abequitate abequito to ride away or from Aberration aberratio a wandring or straying out of the way Dr. Brown in his Vulgar Errors uses the word Aberrancy in the same sense Abessed or Abbaised Fr. abaissé debased dejected humbled bent or brought down Rush Dialog Abet in our Common Law signifies to encourage or set on to some evill also to maintain or patronize Abgregate abgrego to lead out or from the flock to separate Abhorrency from abhorreo an abhorring hating or detesting L. Bacon Abject abjectus cast away condemned base Abigat Hebr. the Fathers joy or Father of joy Abissines See Abyssines Abition abitio a going away or dying Abjudicate abjudico to give away by judgment Abjuration abjuratio a forswearing or renouncing by Oath In our Common Law it is an Oath taken to forsake the Realm for ever But there is a latter Oath so called which concerns matters of belief and was confirmed and established by Ordinance 1643. ca. 15. and enlarged 1656. ca. 16. which may be tendred to any person suspected of Popish Recusancy at the age of 16. and is impugned by a notable Treatise called the Christian Moderator Part 3. Ablactation ablactatio a weaning as children from the Mothers Teat or young beasts from their dam. Ablation ablatio a taking away or from a bearing away by stealth Ablectick ablectus that is set forth or garnished for sale Ablegation ablegatio a sending forth or out of the way Ablepsy ablepsia blindness of mind unadvisedness inconsiderateness Abligate abligo to bind from Ablocate abloco to set to hire to take from one and set to another Ablution ablutio a washing off a rensing away Abnegate abnego to deny earnestly or refuse to say no. Abnodate abnodo to prune or cut away knots from Trees Abolition abolitio an abolishing disannulling or destroying utterly Abone from the Ital. abonare or abbonare to make good or seasonable to ripen Abominate abominor to detest or abhor Abortion abortio the casting of the young a bringing forth before time Dr. Brown uses the word Abortment in this sense and I have read Aborcement Abortive abortivus any thing brought forth before its time that is delivered untimely still-born Abradacarba whence or what language quaere but Samonicus Serenus ascribes a vertue to the word against Agues Cambden Abraiamins a certain kind of Sorcerers or Enchanters among the Indians Treasury of Times Abrasion abrasio a shaving away Abrenunciation abrenunciatio a forsaking or renouning Abricot or Apricot plumb quasi in aprico coctus i. ripened in the Sun because they grow not unless in the Sun and warmth Min. Abrodictical abrodiaetus that feeds daintily curious in diet Abrogate abrogo to disannul take away or repeal to lay aside as of no use or fruit See Prorogue Abrupt abruptus broken off rash sudden out of order Absolonism The opinion or practice of Absolom i. disobedience or rebellion against Parents Abscession abscessio a departing or going away Abscission abscissio a cutting off or away Absconding abscondens hiding concealing Absconsion absconsio a hiding or concealing Absentaneous absentaneus done in absence pertaining to absence Absolution absolutio a dismissing forgiving or discharging Absonant Absonous absonus untuneable jarring unlike confused Absorb absorbeo to sup up all to drink up to consume to devour Bac. Absorpt absorptus supped up devoured swallowed up Abstemious abstemius that drinks no wine sober temperate moderate in diet Abstention abstentio an abstaining or a with-holding an heir from taking possession of his Land Cressy Absterge abstergeo to wipe away to cleanse or put away Feltham Abstract from abstraho a small work or draught taken out of a greater Also a term in Logick See Concrete Abstersion abstersio a wiping away or wiping out a cleansing Abstersive abstersus that wipes or makes clean Abstrude abstrudo to thrust away or out to hide to shut up Fel. Abstruse Abstrusive abstrusus hid secret dark not easie to be
adultery to counterfeit or corrupt Adultery adulterium properly spoken of married persons but if onely one of two persons by whom this sin is committed be married it makes Adultery and this is felony by Act of Parl. 1650. ca. 10. Adulterium seems to have taken that name as it were ad alterius thorum i. to anothers bed which the Adulterer always aims at Adumbrate adumbro to shadow to resemble to draw a picture imperfectly Adumbration adumbratio a shadowing or bare portraying of a thing also an imitation or expressing of another thing somewhat to the likeness and nature of the same Aduncity aduncitas crookedness hookedness Aduncous Adunque aduncus crooked downwards hooked Bac. Advecate advocatus a man of Law that pleads assists or sollicits another mans matter so called ab advocando i. calling unto because he is called to his Clients assistance most properly a Procurator or Doctor of the Civil Law Advowzen advocatio the reversion of a spiritual promotion and signifies in our Common Law a right to present a Clergy-man to a Benefice as much as Jus Patronatus in the Canon Law Of this there are two sorts Advowzen in gross which belongs or adhears to any Manor as parcel of the right of it and Avowzen dependent which depends on a Manor as appurtenant thereunto Adure aduro to roast burn or parch Bac. Adust Adusted adustus burnt parched vexed Adustible burnable parchable Adustion adustio parching or burning Adynamous adynamus weak impowerful Aedil aedilis See Edil Aegipans aëgipanes monsters having bodies like men and feet like Goats Wood-Gods Aera See Epoche Aereal aërius belonging to the air Aeromancy aëromantia a kind of divination by the air Aeromantick aëromanticus pertaining to such divinations Affability affabilitas curtesie in speaking and hearing others kindness to men Affectation affectatio too much curiosity study of eloquence against nature an extream labouring without discretion to imitate another Affeerours afferatores alias affidati are those that are appointed in Court-Leets upon oath to mulct or set fines upon the heads of such as have committed faults arbitrably punishable and have no express penalty set down by Statute To Affiance from ad and fides to betroth or make sure Affictitious affictitius feigned or counterfeit Affidavit is borrowed from the Canonists among whom Affidare is used for fidem dare and so it signifies he hath sworn or given his faith but with us it is generally taken for an Oath or Deposition put in writeing Affinage Fr. a fineing or refining of metals Affinity affinitas kindred or alliance by marriage sometimes likeness or agreement Affirmative affirmatus that affirms or avoucheth Affluence affluentia plenty abundance Afforest afforesto to turn ground into Forest Affray from the Fr. Affres i. a fright may be without word or blow given as if a man shew himself furnished with Armor or Weapons not usually worn it may strike a fear into others unarmed For which reason it is a common wrong and inquireable in a Leet which makes it differ from Assault which is always a particular injury 4 H. 6 10.8 Ed. 4 5. Affricate affrico to rub upon or against to grate or crumble Africa Gr. one of the four parts of the world lying Southward herein is Barbary Numidia Lybia the Land of Negroes Aethiopia interior and exterior Aegypt and the Islands It is called Africa of the Greek word Phrice which signifies cold and the privative A so Africa signifies a Country without cold as indeed it is Africk African Africus pertaining to Africa or to the Southwest wind Africk-bird taken for a coward or one in gay cloaths that has little Spirit Aga from the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. duco to lead an Officer that commands the great Turks Janizaries and is the third in repute in his Empire Sands Agamist agamus he that is unmarried Agarick agaricum a white and soft Mushrom or excrescence growing on the Larch Tree also a root in Sarmatia that helps digestion Cotgr. Age aetas that part of a mans life which is from his birth to this or his last day A man by our Common Law hath two ages the age of 21 years is termed his full age and 14 the age of discretion Lit. l. 2. c. 4. In a woman there are six 1. At seven years of age the Lord her Father may sistrain his Tenants for aid to marry her for at those years she may consent to Matrimony 2. At the age of nine years she is Dowable 3. At twelve years she is able finally to confirm her former consent given to Matrimony 4. At fourteen years she is enabled to receive her land into her own hands and shall be out of Ward if she be of this age at the death of her Ancestor 5. At sixteen years she shall be out of Ward though at the death of her Ancestor she was within the age of fourteen years 6. At one and twenty years she is able to alienate her Lands and Tenements At sixteen years of age every person may be summoned to take the Oath of Abjuration Acts 1656. c. 16. Proclus a Greek Author divides the life of man into seven Ages 1. Infancy contains four years 2. Childhood contains ten years 3. Youth-hood or Adolescency consists of eight years that is from fourteen to two and twenty 4. Young man-hood continues nineteen years that is from two and twenty to forty one 5. Ripe man-hood hath fifteen years of continuance and therefore makes his progress to 56 years 6. Old age which in adding 12 to 56 makes up 68. 7. Decrepit age is limited from 68 years to 88. See more divisions of Age if you please in first part Treasury of Times p. 377. and in Vul. Err. p. 216. Agelastick from Agelastus Grandfather of Crassus who never laughed but once in al his life and that was to see a Mare eat Thistles hence we use it for one that seldom laughs sad or sullen Agemoglans or Agiam Oglans are those Christian children which are seised by Turkish Officers when they are between the age of ten and eighteen or twenty to be made Janizaries or for other service of the Great Turk The word signifies unexpert or untutored youths Aggerate aggero to heap up to encrease Aggested aggestus heaped up or laid on a heap Fuller Agglomerate agglomero to fold or wind up in bottoms to gather together Agglutinate agglutino to joyn or glue together Aggrandisement Fr. a greatning inlarging advancement Aggrandize from the Ital. Aggrandire to greaten augment enlarge encrease or make great Aggravate aggravo to load or burthen to make a thing worse by words Aggregate aggrego to gather or assemble together or in Troops Aggressor Lat. a setter upon an Assailant one that begins Aggression aggressio a setting upon or entrance into an assault Agiograph agiographa a holy writing a holy Writ See Hagiographer Agist from the Fr. gist signifies in our Common Law to take in and feed the Cattle of strangers in the Kings Forest
agreeing somewhat in shape with the Column or Pillar Enchirid. of Fort. Astragalize astragalizo to make or use Astragals also to play at Dice Huckle-bones or Tables Astriction astrictio a knitting binding or fastening to or together Astrictive Astringent astrictivus which hath power to bind or knit unto Astriferous astrifer that beareth stars an Epithete most proper for the Heavens or Sky To Astringe astringo to bind fast to joyn together to strain to tie to knit Bac. Astroarch Gr. the Queen of the Planets the Moon Astrolabe astrolabium a flat-round instrument whereby Astronomers gather the motion and distance of heavenly bodies and whereby the length height and breadth of any other thing may be discerned and found out Astrology astrologia is a Science which tells the Reasons of the Stars and Planets motions Astrology says Dr. Bullokar doth promise by the motion and influence of Stars and Planets to foretel things to come or as my Lo. Bac. says it professeth to discover the influence and domination of the superior Globe over the inferior and therefore may be termed a kind of natural divination so long as it keeps it self in due limits and arrogates not too much to its certainty into which excess if it once break forth it can then be no longer called natural Divination but superstitious and wicked for the Stars may incline but not impose a necessity in particular things Astrological pertaining to Astrology Astrologer astrologus he that is well skilled in Astrology or discourseth of the variety of constellations planetical Aspects disposing of the Houses and by these and their dispositions conjectures of future occurrences Astronomy astronomia a Science that teacheth the knowledge of the course of the Planets Stars and other celestial motions This Art seems to be very antient for Josephus lib. 1. Antiq. writes that the Sons of Seth Grand-children to Adam first found it out who hearing Adam foretel the universal Flood which should shortly drown the world they thereupon erected two great Pillars engraving in them the Principles of Astronomy the one of which pillars was of brick the other of stone that in case the water should wash away the brick yet the stone might preserve the knowledge hereof for posterity Bull. These Pillars were called Enoch or Enos Pillars Zoroastes the first King of Bactria who reigned in the time of the Assyrian Monarch Ninus is said to have notably augmented or perfected this Science Astronomical belonging to Astronomy Astronomer astronomus is he who as Heylin describes him searcheth the reason of the variety of heavenly motions the diversity of circles asterisms risings and settings of Stars and the like Astute astutus crafty cunning subtile malicious Asyle Asylum a Sanctuary a defence or place of refuge for offenders Mont. See Sanctuary Asymbolike asymbolus that pays nothing of the shot or reckoning scot-free Asymphony asymphonia a disorder in descant a disagreeing Achievment Fr. Achevement the performance or accomplishment of any gallant exploit a bringing to perfection Also a term of Heraldry signifying the Arms of any Gentleman set out fully with all that belongs to it viz. the Supporters Helmet Wreath and Creast with Mantles and Words such as is hung out on the front of a House of any person of quality after his death Atheism Gr. the damnable doctrine and opinion of the Atheists infidelity the denying of or not beleiving in God Atheist from the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i.e. Sine Deo godless he that believes there is no God or rule of Religion and that the Soul dies with the body Athletike Athletical athleticus skilful in the art of wrestling active Atlantick Sea i. The Mediterranean Sea or a part thereof lying westward so named from Mount Atlas in Mauritania Atmosphere Gr. the Sphear of vapors or the second Region being as high in the Air as the Sun carries any vapors Atome atomus a mote flying in the sun-beams the least moment of time or any thing so small that it cannot be made less Atramental Atramentous atramentalis belonging to ink or black as ink Vul. Er. Atrabilarie atra bilis that is subject to or troubled with black Choler or melancholy Atrate atratus made black one cloathed in black Atrocity atrocitas cruelty fierceness outragiousness Atrophy atrophia a consumption that comes by a fearful eating too little or greedy devouring too much want of nourishment Attacted attactus touched or briefly handled Attainder from the Fr. Attaindre i. to attain unto overtake catch or touch from the Latin attingere because he that is attainted is as it were catched overtaken and plainly deprehended for Attainder is a conviction of any person of a crime or fault whereof he was not convict before As if a man have committed Felony or Treason c. and is thereof indicted arraigned found guilty and hath judgement then he is said to have an Attainder sued upon him or he is attainted Attaque Fr. an assault encounter skirmish fight a violent meeting of two Armies or Enemies Sir H.B. Voyage into the Levant Attemperate attempero to make fit or meet to aim right Attenuate attenuo to make thin or slender to diminish or make less Attentate attento to attempt assay or prove also used substantively Attestation attestatio a witnessing affirming or testimony Atticism Atticismus a phrase or manner of speech of the Athenians an elegancy of speech Attiguous attiguus joyning or touching by or near unto Attinge attingo to touch lightly or softly to mention or handle briefly to reach to to arrive or come to Attique or Attick Atticus pertaining to the Country of Athens Elegant Attick Faith is most firm Faithfulness in keeping promise Attrâ—râ—d from the Lat. Tiara which is an ornament for the heads of the Persian Kings Priests and women a term used among Heraulds when they have occasion to speak of the horns of a Buck or Stag. Attone from ad and tonus to bring into tune or harmony to make a consort or agreement which we also call an Attonement Attournment from the Fr. tournér i.e. to turn is in our Common Law a yielding of the Tenant to a new Lord or an acknowledgement of him to be his Lord which we usually call to turn Tenant for otherwise he that buyes or obtains any Lands or Tenements of another which are in the occupation of a third cannot get possession yet see the Stat. 27. H. 8. c. 16. The words used in attournment are set down in Littleton I agree to the Grant made to you c. But the more common attournment is to say Sir I attourn to you by force of the same Grant or I become your Tenant c. or else deliver to the Grantee a penny half penny or farthing by way of Attournment Lit. l. 3. ca. Attournment whom you may read more at large Attournment may be made to the Lord himself or to his Steward in Court Kitch fo 70. Attraction attractio a drawing or pulling unto a bait or allurement Attract from the
Confession was presented by the Duke of Saxony and some others to the Emperor Charls the Fifth c. Herb. H. 8. Augustine by the termination of the word is a diminutive from Augustus out of which it may be properly Englished little Augustus It is the proper name of divers men usually contracted in English into Austin whereof the most renowned was St. Austin Bishop of Hippo in Africk one of the antient Fathers of the Church a man of a most profound wit and learning and of a most holy and religious life after he was converted by St. Ambrose to Catholick Religion from the Manichaean Heresie Augustine or Austin-Friers are those that observe the aforesaid St. Austins institute of life they live in common serving God day and night tied by the vows of Poverty Chastity and Obedience of which holy Institute and Vows was Dr. Martin Luther before he became a Reformer Answering Augustines is a phrase used in Oxford where there was a Monastry of these Augustines who were so eminent for their abilities in disputing that the University did by a particular Statute impose it as an exercise upon all those that were to proceed Masters of Art that they should first be disputed upon by the Augusten-Friars which old Statute is still in force produced at this day for an equivalent exercise Mr. Fullers Ch. Hist Augustinians not taking name from St. Austin the Father Doctor of the Church but from one Augustine a late Bohemian are a branch of those Reformers ordinarily called Sacramentaries who had their origin from Andreas Carolostadius about the year of Christ 1524. These Augustinians besides other blasphemies held that Heaven gates were not yet open but remain shut till the general Resurrection and last Judgement Lindanus Dialog 2. Aviary aviarium a place where birds are kept or where birds haunt or use a Cage Avid avidus desirous greedy covetous Avidity aviditas desire earnest or ardent affection greediness Aulnage Fr. Ell-measure the measuring with an Ell. Aviso Spa. an admonition or advice Aulnegeor or Alnegeor from the Fr. aulne i.e. an Ell one that carries or measures with an Ell an Officer of the King who by himself or his Deputy in places convenient looks to the assize of woollen cloth made through the Land and two Seals for that purpose ordained him an 25. E. 3. stat 4. ca. 1. Also an 3 R. 2. ca. 2. who is accomptable to the King for every cloth so sealed Min. Aulick aulicus belonging to the Hall or Court courtly Aumone Fr. aumosne the tenure of Land by divine service was antiently called by this name Cok. upon Lit. 97. Briton 164. Auncient Demeasn Demain or Domain 1. publicum vectigal or Vetus patrimonium Domini signifies in our Common Law a certain Tenure whereby all the Mannors belonging to the Crown in the days of St. Edward the Saxon King or William the Conqueror were held The number and names of which Mannors as of all other belonging to common persons he caused to be written into a book after a survey made of them now remaining in the Exchequer and called Dooms-day Book and those which by that Book appear to have belonged to the Crown at that time and are contained under the title Terra Regis are called Auncient Demeasn Kitch fo 98. See more in Cowel Avocation avocatio a calling away or withdrawing Avoir-du-pois Fr. or Avoir-du-poix i. habere pondus or justi esse ponderis to be of full or due weight it signifies in our common Law two things first a kind of weight divers from that called Troy weight which contains but twelve ounces to the pound whereas this contains sixteen And in this respect it may probably be conjectured to be so called because it is of more weight then the other Also it signifies such merchandize as are weighed by this weight and not by Troy weight as in the Statute of York an 9 E. 3. in Prooem an 27. Edw. 3. Stat. 2. ca. 10. an 2. Rich. 2. ca. 1. See weights Avowry or Advowry from the French advouer alias avouer and signifies as much as a justifying or maintaining an act formerly done For example one takes a distress for rent or other thing and he that is distreyned sues a Replevin now he that took the distress or to whose use the distress was taken by another justifying or maintaining the act is said to avow and that is called his Avowry Terms of the Law Auricle auricula a little ear Auricular auricularis belonging to or spoken in the ear As auricular Confession is that which is made in private to the Ghostly Father none hearing but himself opposite unto publick Confession which is made in the hearing of many Auricular vein is the ear vein which runs up by the kernels under the ear Chyrurgeons open it against deafness pain and ulcerations of the ears See in Vein Auriferous aurifer that bears or brings gold Auriflambe See Oriflambe Aurigation aurigatio the driving or guiding a Cart or Coach Aurigraphy aurigraphia a writing or graving in gold Aurist from Auris one that hath skill in curing diseases in the ear or imperfections in hearing Aurora Gr. the morning or break of day quasi aurea hora or aurae hora the hour when it begins to shine or be light Aurum-votabile is liquor of gold without any corrosive which very few know yea of those who daily prepare it rather to the destruction then health of men Chym. Dict. Auscultation auscultatio a giving ear or obeying a hearkening Auspical auspicalis pertaining to Soothsaying or Divination by the flight of birds Auspices auspicia were properly the observation of Birds either by their singing and flying in the air or by their gesture and manner of feeding in the Coop whereby their Augurs and Pullarij pretended to know the will of the gods whether they favored their enterprise or no. The Birds that gave sign by their voice and singing they called Oscines quasi ore canentes Those that gave it by their flight and wings were named Alites or Praepetes And they were called Auspices that did foretel things by beholding the flight of birds and were so denominated ab aves aspiciendo Auspicious auspicatus happy bringing good luck Austerity austeritas sharpness vigorousness rudeness Austral australis Southern or partaining to the South Australize to go turn or bend towards the South also to come from the South Br. Austromancy austromantia is a kind of invented superstition concerning the observation of windes as when they break forth into great vehemency contrary to their custom whence men that are more idle then rational pronounce a presage of something to come Chym. Dict. Autarchy Gr. a Government by one alone without help Authentick authenticus that which is allowed or hath just authority the original Autology Gr. speaking of or to ones self Br. How Autogeneal Gr. self-begotten Autocrasie Gr. self-subsistence a being able to subsist of ones self History of K. Charles Autograph
Borar a white or greenish substance like Salt-petre wherewith Gold-smiths use to soder gold and silver some write it is the gum of a tree which is very unlikely others affirm it to be made of old Lees of Oyl by art and drying in the Sun brought to be white but Dr. Bullokar rather conceives it to be a Mineral To Bord. See Abbord Bordel from the Ital. Burdello a Brothel-house or Bawdy-house Chau. Boreas Gr. the North or North-East Wind commonly taken for a great blustering wind Boreal Borean borealis pertaining to the North-wind northernly Borith Heb. a kinde of hearb used by Fullers to take away spots in cloth Borow or Borough is a Corporate Town that is not a City an 2. Ed. 3. cap. 3. namely all such as send Burgesses to the Parliament the number whereof you may find in Mr. Cromptons Jurisd fo 24. and more of this in Cowel Borow-English Is a customary descent of Lands or Tenements which in all places where this custom holds descend to the youngest son or if the owner have no issue to his youngest Brother as in Edmunion Kitch fo 102. And the reason of this custom as Littleton saith is for that the youngest is presumed in Law to be least able to shift for himself Boscage Fr. a Grove Thicket or smal wood a place that 's stored or set thick with trees Also a picture representing much wood or trees Sir H. Wot Bosphores Bosphori two Straits in the Sea so called of an Oxes wading over them the one surnamed Thracian the other Cimmerian Dub. Botanical botanicus pertaining to hearbs Botanomancy botanomantia divination by hearbs Botargo Ital. from the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i.e. salted eggs is a kind of Sawsage or Pudding made of the eggs and blood of the Sea Mullet mixed with salt Dr. Muffet Bote or Boote is an old Saxon word and signifies help succour aide and advantage coming from the Low-Dutch Boete Baete which is amends remedy and help so we may say what boots or avails it or what boot will you give me and is commonly joyned with other words as Bridg-boot Burgh-boot Fire-boot Hedge-boot and divers others Boâ—â—e Fr. A Buskin or Summer Boot we otherwise call them Boots with quarters which have strings and no Spurs but a heel like a Shoo on the out-side Botoiph Sax. helpship Bouge or Budge of Court was the Diet or rather the bread beer and wine which was allowed by the King to any Officer and his servants Bovicide bovicida a slaughter-man of Oxen a Butcher Bovillon Fr. a kind of broth or boiled meat made of several ingredients Boureau Fr. a Hang-man or Executioner Boursier from the Lat. Bursa a purse a purse-bearer in our Universities he is commonly the Treasurer or Purse-keeper of a Colledge Boutefeu Fr. the literal signification is one that blows the fire or that wilfully sets houses on fire but Metaphorically it is used for one that raiseth discord an Incendiary a fire-brand of Sedition one that loves to set and see men at strife Bourgeon from the Fr. Bourgeoner to bud spring or sprout out Boy or Buoy of an Anchor Spain Boya is a peece of wood an empty barrel or the like tied to an Anchor and floating on the water to shew where the Anchor lies Boza A drink in Turky made of seed much like new mustard and is very heady Brachial brachialis belonging to the arm Bourgeoise Fr. Bourgeoisie a Burgess-ship the state or condition of a Burguer or Burgess also a Boroughship and the Liberties and Priviledges belonging to a Town or Borough Cressy Brace in the common acceptation is a known word signifying two or a couple but with Printers a Brace is that which couples two or more words together and is made thus Brachylogy Brachylogia shortness of speech Brachygraphy brachygraphia the Art of writing by short characters I cannot say either who was the Author or whether the invention be antient or more modern only I find in Dion that Mecaenas that great Favorite of Augustus Caesar and favorer of learning first sound out certain notes and figures ad celeritatem seribendi for the speedier dispatch of writing Brackmans a Sect of Philosophers in India that lived onely by hearbs roots and fruit These Brackmans or Bramines are now the Indian Priests perhaps following the custom of the Egyptians who were wont to chuse their Priests out of their whole number of Philosophers and are of like authority in their Church as the Mufties are among the Turks and as the Flamines and Arch-flamines were among the heathen Romans or as the Druids among the Britains and Gauls They hate Mahumed and acknowledge one God and Creator of all things the better sort are called Mockadams or Masters Herb. Tr. Bragodoela a coyn'd word with us for a ranting coward or bragging fellow Bragget or Braggot br Bragod a drink made of Malt water and hony used in Wales having the name from the British Brag. i.e. malt and Gots i.e. Hony-combs This drink is also called by us and in Low-Dutch Mede ex melle hony Also a stay cut out of stone or timber to bear up the Summer in Masonry called a Corbel in Timber-work a Bragget Bracket or shoulder-peece Rider Brandish Fr. brandir to make to shine or glister with gentle shaking or moving Bravado Fr. bravade Spa. brabada a shew of Challenge or of daring a boastful affront Brave brabium the prize or reward given to him that overcomes in Plays or Exercises Breviary breviarium an abridgement or compendious draught a short collection Particularly it is the name of a Book to the daily recital whereof Catholick Priests are tied from the time they take the order of Sub-Deaconship in discharge of part of their Function I have heard that the late Lord Treasurer Cecil after he had diligently perused this Book did greatly admire the order and method of it saying it might well be termed a Breviary for containing so much and such variety in so contracted a bulk Breviloquence breviloquentia a brief or short form of speaking Brian Fr. shril voyce Brigand Fr. a Footman armed or serving with a Brigandine In old time when those kind of Souldiers marched they held all to be good prize that they could purloin from the people and thereupon this word now signifies also a Theif Purse-taker or High-way robber White Brigandine Fr. a jack or coat of Mail but properly antient Armor of Skale-like plates and many joynts This word is used an 4 5. Ph. Mar. ca. 2. Brigantine Fr. a kind of swift vessel for Sea bigger then the Frigot and less then the Foist having some ten or twelve Oars on a side and commonly a theevish Vessel of these the Rhodians are said to be the first Inventors The Falque is said to be the least Sea-Vessel with Oars the Frigot next then the Brigantin the Fâ—ist the Galiot the Galey and the Galeasse the biggest Ren. Brigade Brigado Fr. a term of War six men make a Rot
there are divers good Towns and Villages This word is proper to Helvetia or Switzerland which was divided or Cantonized about the year of Christ 1307. into 13 such Cantons It possesseth for the most part the dexter point of the Scotcheon and is the reward of a Prince given to an Earl Peach Cantonize To divide into Cantons quarters or corners Cantor Lat. a singer or charmer Cantred or rather Cantref signifies an hundred Villages being a British word compounded of the Adjective Cant which signifies an hundred and Tref a Town or Village In Wales the Counties are divided into Cantreds as in England into Hundreds This word is used An. 28. H. 8. c. 3. Canzonet from the Ital. Canzonetta a song or ditty Car-a-pe from the Lat. caput and pes from head to foot as when a Souldier is compleatly armed we say he is armed Cap-a-pe The Romans called such souldiers Cataphracti Capacitatâ— from capacitas made capable or fit to receive Lo. Prot. Speech to Parl. 8. April 1657. Capacity Capability capacitas an aptness to contain or receive Our Common Law allows the King two Capacities a natural and a politick in the first he may purchase Lands to him and his Heirs in the later to him and his Successors And a Parson hath the like Cape Fr. cap that whereof Sea-men speak in their voyages is some remarkable nook or elbow of Land that shoots farther into the Sea then any other near part of the Continent In Spanish it is called Cabo i. an end quasi the end or last of such a Land as Cabo de Buena Esperansa the Cape of good hope first found by Vasco de Gama a Portugal Caparison Fr. Caparasson trapping or furniture for a horse Capets Fr. Cappres A prickly plant almost like Brambles growing in Spain Italy and other hot Countries the root whereof is much used in Physick against obstructions of the Spleen or Milt The flowers and leaves are brought hither from Spain preserved in pikle and are commonly eaten with Mutton they stir up the appetite warm the Stomach and open the stoppings of the Liver and Milt Bull. Capharnaits those of Capharnaum in Palestine who first doubted of the mystery of the blessed Sacrament Caâ— Three chief Officers among the Venetians to whom and to the Senate the Dukes Authority is in all things subject Heyl. Capillary capillaris of or like hair hairy Capillaturâ— capillatura a frizling of the hair the bush of hair on the head Capistrate capistro to halter muzzle or tye Capillation capillatio hairiness a making a thing hairy or causing hair to grow Capital capitalis worthy of death deadly mortal belonging to the head The seven Capital sins are Pride Covetousness Lechery Anger Gluttony Envy and Sloath and are called Capital because they are heads of many others which proceed from them as Rivers from their source Capitation capitatio a tribute paid by the heads pole-money Br. Capite was a tenure when a man held Lands immediately of the King as of his Crown were it by Knights service or in Socage Brook tit Ten. 46.94 This Tenure and those of Knights service and Socage in chief are now taken away and all Tenures turned into Free and common Soccage Act. 1656. ca 4. Capitol capitolium an antient Pallace in Rome so called from the head of a man found there when they digged to lay the foundation Arnobius saith his name was Tolus and from Caput and Tolus came Capitolium When Brennus and his Gauls overcame the Romans near the River Allia in Italy Rome it self was forsaken of its chief strength only the Capitol was manned by Manlius and saved from the fury of the Gauls by the cackling of Geese which awaked the watch c. Capitulate capitulo to divide by chapters or heads also to bargain or agree by Articles Capnomancy capnomantia a divination by smoke arising from an Altar whereon Incense or Poppy-seed is burned Cotgr. Capouchâ— Fr. Capuchon lat Capitium a coul hood or cover for the head which Monks and Fryers use to wear Capouchins or Capucines a religious Order of Fryers so called of their Coule or Capouch ordained by Matth. Basci of Ancona Frier Lewis his companion obtained of the then Pope the habit and rule of St. Francis in the year 1526. In the space of 42 years they encreased to 2240 associates had 222 Monasteries and were divided into 15. Provinces Heyl. They wear neither shirts nor breeches Cotgr. Caprichio Caprich from the Spa. capricho an humor a fancy a toy in ones head a giddy thought hence Caprichious humersome fantastical full of whimseys or toys giddy-headed Capricorn capricornus the Goat or one of the 12 Signs of the Zodiack so named from the custom and nature of that beast for as the Goat commonly climbs up to the top of the steepest hills to seek his food so the Sun when in in Mid December he enters the Tropick of Capricorn ascends our Hemisphere Min. Caprification caprificatio husbanding or dressing wilde fig-trees or other trees Capriole Fr. a caper in dancing also the leaping of a horse above ground called by horsemen the Goats leap Capstand an Instrument to wind up things of great weight a Crane Bull. Capsulary from capsula pertaining to a little Coffer Chest or Casket Capsulated locked or shut up in a Chest or Casket Captation captatio subtilty to get favor a cunning endeavor to get a thing Captious captiosus full of craft curious hurtful catching or taking hold of every little occasion to pick quarrels Caracol from the Fr. fair le Caracol to cast themselves into a ring as souldiers do Captivity captivitas bondage Captivate captivo to take captive or prisoner Caracter Vide Character Caravan or Karavan Fr. Caravene a convoy of Souldiers for the safety of Merchants that travel by Land Voyage Levant and Sands Capuchet from the Fr. Capuchon a Coul or Hood hooded or covered with a Coul or into the Hood See Capouche Carbonado Spa. carbonada lat carbonella a rasher or collop of Bacon or any meat smutcht with or broiled on the coals also a slash over the face which fetcheth the flesh with it Caravel a kind of swift Bark Carbuncle carbunculus has two significations the one a precious stone the other a dangerous botch or sore Carbuncle stone is bright of the colour of fire and has many vertues but chiefly prevails against the danger of infectious air Some call a Ruby in perfection a Carbuncle others say a Diamond of a red or fiery colour is a Carbuncle Carbuncle disease is a botch or ulcer called otherwise by a Greek name Anthrax caused of gross hot blood which raiseth blisters and burns the skin This Ulcer is ever accompanied with a Feaver Carceral carceralis of or belonging to a prison Sea Card charta marina is a Geographical discription of coasts with the true distances heights and courses or winds laid down in it not describing any Inland which belongs to Maps Seamen use these Cards to instruct them in
who maintains the suit signifies in our common Law a maintenance of any man in his Suit depending upon condition to have part of the thing be it Lands or Goods when it is recovered Fitzh nat br fol. 171. and for this the party is to be fined by the Stat. 33. Ed 1. Lamb. 441. Champertors are those that move Pleas or Suits or cause them to be moved either by their own procurement or by others and pursue them at their proper costs to have part of the land in variance or part of the gain An. 33. E. 1. Stat. 2. in fine See more of this in Cowel Chanfton The name of an Italian coyn worth about xx d. Chanterie Fr. from the Lat. canto to sing was a Chappel commonly annexed to some Parochial or Cathedral Church endowed with lands or other yearly Revenues for the maintenance of one or more Priests daily to sing Mass for the Souls of the Donors or such others as they did appoint 37 Hen. 8.4 1. Edw. 6.14 Of these Chanteries there were forty seven within St. Pauls Church London See Mr. Fullers Ch. Hist l. 6. f. 357. Chanticleer Fr. one that sings clear a Cock. Chaomancy a kind of divination by the air Chaos Gr. a huge immense and formless mass the rude and undigested first heap of natural elements the world so called before it was formed as in Ovid. Vnus erat toto naturae vultus in orbe Quem dixere Chaos And metaphorically any thing without a shape a general confusion Chaperon Fr. a Hood or French-Hood for a woman also any Hood or Bonnet mentioned in the Stat. 1. R. 2.7 And among Heraulds it is that little Escotcheon which is fixed in the forehead of the horses that draw the Herse Chapin Span. Shooes with high cork or wooden soles Chaplet Fr. chapelet a Wreath Garland or attire for the head made of Gold Pearl or other costly or curious stuff used to be fastned behind in manner of a folded Roul or Garland Chapter Capitulum signifies in the common and Canon Law whence it is borrowed Congregationem Clericorum in Ecclesiâ Cathedrali conventuali regulari vel collegiata why this collegiate company should be called a Chapter i. a little head of the Canonists is for that this Company or Corporation is a kind of Head not onely to rule and govern the Diocess in the vacancy of the Bishoprick but also in many things to advise the Bishop when the See is full Character Gr. a mark sign seal or print of any thing a Branding-iron a letter or figure A Character in Chronology is a certain note whereby an infallible judgement is made of the time proposed Greg. The Printers Characters or names of their several sorts of Letters are 1. Pearl which is the least 2. Non-Pareil 3. Breviar 4. Minion 5. Long-Primer 6. Smal Piquy 7. Piquy 8. English Roman 9 Great Primer 10. Double Piquy 11. Small Canon 12. Fat Canon 13. Capitals And all these except the first and four last have an English or black letter corresponding Characteristique pertaining to a character mark sign or figure Characterize characterizo to note mark or describe To write in Short-hand or in characters See Brachygraphy Charientism charientismus pleasantness good grace in speaking It is a trope or manner of speaking which mitigates hard matters with pleasant words Charlatan Fr. a Mountebanck a cousening Drug-seller a pratling Quacksalver Mr. Montagu uses it See Mountebank Charlatancry Fr. cousening or gulling speech cogging lying extream commendation of a trifle thereby to make it more saleable Charls in the antient Teutonick from whence this name takes original was first Garedel whereof by abbreviation it became Careal now in the modern Teutonick it is Barle Gar did signifie all and edel or ethel noble so that Charles signifies all or wholly noble In the old Saxon it was Ceorl Verst Charles-wain certain Stars winding about the north Pole of the world in fashion like four Wheels and horses drawing it Bull. Charmer one that useth conjurations is said to be he that speaks words of a strange language without sence that if one say so or so to a Serpent it cannot hurt him He that whispers over a wound or reads over an Infant that it may not be frighted or lays the Bible on a child that it may sleep c Moses and Aaron p. 175. Charnel-house Fr. Charneir a place wherein the Souls and bones of the dead are laid Charons-boat Poetically thus Charon is feigned to be the Ferry-man of Hell that carries the souls of the dead in a boat over three Rivers i. Acheron Styx and Cocytus Chart charta paper parchment or any thing to write on Also a writing or written Deed. Charter Fr. Chartes i. instrumenta It is taken in our common Law for written evidence of things done between man and man which Briton in his 39 chapter divides into Charters of the King and Charters of private persons Charters of the King are those whereby the King passeth any Grant to any person or more or to any body politique as a Charter of exemption that a man shall not be empanelled upon any Jury c. Cowel charter-Charter-land terra per Chartam is such as a man holds by Charter that is by evidence in writing otherwise called Free-hold an 19. H. 7. c. 13. and Kitch fol. 86. Charter-partie is an Indenture of Covenants and agreements made between Merchants and Mariners concerning their Sea affairs Stat. 32. H. 8.14 1649. 21. Charybdig A Gulph or Whirl-pit on Sicily side of the narrow Seas between Sicily and Italy which violently attracting all vessels that come too nigh it devours them and casts up their wrecks at the shoar of Tauronia not far from Catana Opposite to this in Italy stands the dangerous Rock Scylla at whose foot many little Rocks shoot out on which the waters strongly beating make that noise which the Poets feign to be the barking of Dogs This passage between these two being to unskilful Marriners exceeding perillous gave rise to the proverb Incidit in Scyllam cupiens vitare Charybdim Who seeks Charybdis for to shun Doth often times on Scylla run Heyl. Chasmatical chasmaticus pertaining to a chasm which is the gaping or opening of the earth or firmament Chatharist See Catharist Chasuble Fr. a fashion of Vestment or Cope that 's open onely in the sides and is worn at Mass both by the Priest who hath it round and his assistant Deacon and sub-Deacon who have it square in the bottom Cotg. Chattels See Catals Chauldron See Chaldron Chaunce-medley Is in our Common Law the casual slaughter of a man not altother without the fault of the slayer See Man-slaughter Cheapside the famous London street is so called from the Sax. Ceapan i. to traffick buy or sell hence also comes to cheapen Chenix Lat. chaenix a measure containing a Sextary and half or about two pints and a quarter Chersonese chersonesus the same with penâ—insula a tract of Land which being almost encompassed
in Mr. Godwins Anthologie cap. de Ludis Comices comitia were the solemn Assemblies of the people at Rome lawfully summoned by the Magistrates to chuse Officers to enact new Laws or cancel old by their voyces Comius pugnator Lat. one that fights near at hand or hand to hand Lo. Brook Comity comitas gentleness courtesie mildness Comitial comitialis pertaining to an Assembly of people convened for the chusing Officers or making Laws Among the Antient Romans if any of the people assembled were taken with the falling sickness the whole Assembly or Comitium was dissolved hence the Falling sickness is at this day called Morbus Comitialis or the Comitial evil Godwin Comma Gr. the least note of distinction or a point in the part of a sentence without perfect sense and is made thus Commaculate commaculo to spot to defile or distain Commandre was the name of a Mannor or cheiâ— Messuage with Lands and Tenements thereto belonging relating formerly to the Priory of St. Johns of Jerusalem in England such is that at Eagle near Lincoln These were given to the Crown by 32. Hen. 8. Commasculate commasculo to take stomach or hardiness Commaterial Of the same or of like manner of substance Bac. Commeator Lat. one that goes to and fro as a Messenger Commemorate commemoro to reherse or remember Commendaces Fr. Funeral Orations Prayers made for the dead Verses made in praise of the dead Cotg. Commendam commenda is when a Benefice being void is commended to the charge and care of some sufficient Clerk to be supplied till it may be conveniently provided of a Pastor In which case we use to say such a one hath it in Commendam And that this was the true original of this practise you may read at large in Duarenus de Sacris Ecclesiae Ministeriis Beneficiis l. 5. c. 7. Commensal commensalis a Table-companion Doctor Kellison Commensurability commensurabilitas an equal proportion or measure of one thing with another A joynt measuring Comment Commentary commentum an abridgement an Exposition a Book of Notes and Remembrances The nature of Commentaries is properly to set down a naked continuance of the events and actions without the Motives and designs the counsels speeches occasions and pretext with other passages So that Caesar modestly rather then truly applied the name Commentary to the best History in the world Heyl. Comment sometimes signifies a fiction or lye Commentitious commentitius devised feigned counterfeit Commessation commessatio a riotous or untimely Banquet an inordinate eating Commigration commigratio a flitting or going from one place to another Commilitons commilito onis a Fellow-souldier a Comrade Commination comminatio a vehement or extream threatning Comminuible from comminuo that may be broken in pieces or bruised Vul. Er. Commissary commissarius a title of Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction ordained to this special end to supply the Bishops jurisdiction and Office in the out-places of the Diocess or else in such Parishes as were peculiar to the Bishop and exempted from the jurisdiction of the Arch-Deacon for where either by prescription or composition there are Arch-Deacons that have jurisdiction within their Arch-Deaconries as in most places they have there this Commissary is but superfluous Commissary is also an Officer in War whose function is chiefly to look that the Provision and Victuals provided for the Army and Garisons be justly distributed and disposed Cotgr. Commissure commissura a joynt of any thing closed and opened a conjunction a joyning joyning close or couching things together Sir Hen. Wotton Committee is he or they to whom the consideration or ordering of any matter is referred either by some Court or consent of parties to whom it belongs As in Parliament a Bill being read is either consented to and passed or denied or neither but refer'd to the consideration of some certain men appointed by the House farther to examine it who thereupon are called a Committee Common Hunt The Lord Mayor of Londons Dog-keeper Commorance Commoration commoratio an abiding or dwelling in a place together a lingring Also a figure when one tarries long upon a matter Commotes signifies in Wales a part of a Shire as a Hundred An. 28. H. 8. c. 3. It is written Commoithes A. 4. H. 4. c. 17. and is used for a gathering made upon the people as it seems of this or that Hundred by the Welch-men Commotion commotio trouble or disquieting Commune communis that which belongs to one as well as another common publique Communicate communico to impart with another to talk together to mix with Community communitas a participation fellowship or society good correspondency near familiarity one with another a Corporation or Company incorporate Communion communio mutual participation together Communition communitio a fortifying or making strong on all parts Commutative commutativus bartering trucking or exchanging one with or for another Compaction compactio a joyning or setting together Compage compago a close joyning or setting together a joynt Br. Compaginate compagino to couple joyn or knit together Compart Compartition or Compartment Fr. Compartiment a square Table or piece in building especially of stone also a Bed or Border in a Garden a partition or equal division By Compartition Architects understand a graceful and useful distribution of the whole ground-plot both for rooms of office and of reception or entertainment as far as the capacity thereof and the nature of the Country will comport Sir H. Wotton Sea-Compass pyxis Nautica an instrument which Mariners use for their direction in Navigation whereon are described the 32 Points or Winds the Needle whereof being in manner of a Flower de Luce always points towards the North. About the year 1300 one Flavio of Melphi in Naples found out this Sea-Compass consisting of eight â—inds onely the four principal and four collateral and not long after the people of Bruges and Antwerp perfected that excellent invention adding 24 other subordinate Winds or Points Of this there are three kinds the first the plain Meridional Compass The second a Compass of Variation The third a Dark Compass Compatible from compatior that can abide agree or suffer together concurrable that can endure or bear with one another Compatriot compatriota he that is of the same Country Comâ—r from the Lat. compar signifies a fellow an equal a consort a fellow in Peerage But taken from the Latin Compater it is a word by which the Father of a child calls the Gossips Witnesses or Godfathers of his child and it may be read in significations somewhat different from these expressed In the Isle of Zacynthus or Zant they have a custom at Weddings to invite many young men whom they call Compeers of which every one gives the Bride a Ring which done it is there held an abuse as detestable as Incest to accompany her in any carnal kind wherefore they chuse such for Compeers as have formerly been suspected of too much familiarity Sands Compâ—llation compellatio a blaming or reproving a calling
ends Bull. Dispicience dispicientia circumspection advisement diligent consideration Displâ—cence from displiceo displeasure dislike Mont. Displosion displosio a breaking asunder as a bladder Dispoliate dispolio to rob or spoil Disquamation disquamatio a scaling of fish a taking off the shell or bark Disquition disquisitio a diligent search or enquiry Disseitiâ— from the Fr. Disseisir signifies in our Common Law an unlawful dispossessing a man of his Land Tenement or other immoveable or incorporeal Right c. Instit of the Com. Law ca. 15. Dissection dissectio a cleaving in peeces a cutting off or asunder Disseminate dissemino to sow here and there to spread abroad Dissentaneous dissentaneus not agreeing disagreeing Dissenâ—rie See Dysentery Dissidence dissidentia discord or displacing Dissilient dissiliens leaping down off a place or hither and thither Dissimilar or Dissimilary parts dissimilares partes are those parts of a mans body which are unlike in nature one to another as the Head Hands Feet Heart Liver c. And the Similary parts are those that are of like nature as the Skin Nerves Fat c. Disheviled or Discheveled from the French deschevelè an old word used by Chaucer and yet still in use and signifies as much as bare-headed bare-haired or the hair hanging down disorderly about the ears Min. Dischevel Fr. discheveler to loose disorder scatter or pull the hair about the ears Dissipate dissipo to scatter or spread abroad to disperse Dissipable dissipabilis that may be spread or scattered abroad Dissology dissologia the speech of two Dissoluble dissolubilis easie to be loosed or dissolved Dissonance dissonantia a discord in tunes and voyces Dissyllable dissyllabus a word of two syllables Distantial distans antis differing or distant far asunder divers Distend distendo to stretch or reach out to enlarge Distention distentio a stretching out an enlarging Distick distichon a double meeter a couple of verses a sentence contained in two verses Distil distillo to drop down by little and little Distortion distortio a wresting writhing or crookedness Felth. uses the word Distorquement in the same sence Distress districtio signifies most commonly in our Law a compulsion in certain real Actions whereby to bring a man to appearance in Court or to pay debt or duty denied The effect whereof most usually is to drive the party distrained to Replieve the distress and so to take his action of trespass against the distrainer or else to compound neighborly with him for the debt or duty for which he distrains In what cases a distress is lawfull See The new terms of Law Verbo distresse Sometimes it signifies great affliction or misery Districate from the Ital. districare to rid out of trouble or incumbrance Distringent distringens that rubs or wipes off or that troubleth greatly Disveloped See Developed Dithyramb dithyrambus a kind of Hymn or song in honor of Bacchus who was surnamed Dithyrambus and the Poets who composed such Hymns were called Dithyrambicks Dition ditio dominion power authority mastership Ditty from the Ital. detto i. dictum a rime expressed in words and sung to a musical tune Min. Divagation divagatio a straying or wandering about Dival divalis divine belonging to the gods Divan Divano a Judgment hal a great Court of Law or Justice among the Turks and Persians not much unlike or inferior to our Parliament of which there is one held in every Province But the chief Divan or Tribunal of Justice is held in the Great Turks Palace at Constantinople the four first days of every week Hist of Fran. Divaricate divarico to stride or spread wide one from another Divelled from Divello pulled away or asunder undone ravished Felth. Diventilate diventilo to fan or winnow Corn with a Wind-fan also to turn out of one hand into another Diverberate diverbero to strike beat or cut Diversify diversifico to vary or make divers Diversiloquent diversiloquens that varieth or speaks diversly Diverticle diverticulum a by-way a crafty shift Dividend in the Exchequer seems to be one part of an Indenture An. 10. Ed. 1. ca. 11. 28 ejus Stat. 3. ca. 2. Dividenâ— from divido in the University is that share which every one of the Fellows does equally and justly divide either by an Arithmetical or Geometrical proportion of their annual stipend Dividual dividuus that may be severed or divided Dividuity dividuitas a division also an aptness to divide Divination divinatio a presage or foretelling of things to come which may be divided into three different kinds viz. Supernatural Natural and Superstitious Supernatural Divination onely revealed to man by God is not properly called Divination but Prophecy with which all the holy Prophets have in former times been inspired Natural Divination may be divided into two branches whereof the first is that which hath in former times been practised by wicked spirits in Oracles and Answers given by them in Idols and is at this day sometimes seen in possessed persons who by suggestion of the Devil may foretel things to come and this is but a Natural Divination For though to us it seem miraculous because of our ignorance in the causes and courses of things yet in those spirits it is but natural who by their long experience and great observation besides the knowledge of secrets in Nature and their quick intelligence from all places are able to fore-see much more then we by nature can The second Branch of Natural Divination is that which a wise man may foretell by probable conjecture being no way offensive so long as it is onely guided by reason and over-ruled by submitting it self to the Almighty power of God And to this second kind of Divination Astrology may also be referred which by the motion and influence of Stars and Planets promises to foretel many things so long as it keeps it self in due limits and arrogates not too much to the certainty thereof into which excess of vanity if it once break forth it is then no longer called Natural Divination but Superstitious and wicked For the Stars may incline but not impose a necessity on particular things The third and last manner of Divination is that which we call Superstitious whereof there has been among the Gentiles divers different kinds As namely Augury by the flying feeding and chirping of Birds Alphitomancy by Barley meal Auruspicy by opening and viewing the bowels of Beasts Necromancy by calling up Devils or dead mens Ghosts Geomancy by making certain circles and lines in the earth Hydromancy by some apparition in water Pyromancy by the fire or by spirits appearing in the fire Palmistry or Chiromancy by looking on the lines of the fingers and hands Coscinomancy by a Sieve Aeromancy by the Air. Capnomancy by the flying of smoak Catoptromancy by visions in a glass Sorcery or Cleromancy by lots Armomancy by the shoulders of beasts Axiomancy by Hatchets Daphnomancy by a Lawrel or Bay-tree Alectryomancy by a Cock Alebromancy by Barly meal mixed with Wheat Botanomancy by vertue of herbs
an antient Engine for war now used for a Petard to blow open a Port or Gate Exotetick was that part of Aristotles doctrine which conduced to Rhetorick Meditation nice Disputes and the knowledge of Civil things Yet I have read Exoterick Books libri Exoterici to consist of plain ordinary matter Exotick exoticus foraign strange barbarous outlandish Expand expando to declare or utter to display or spread abroad Expansion expansio a displaying an opening a spreading forth Ex-parte Lat. partly in part or of one part but in the Court of Chancery it hath this signification a joynt Commission is that wherein both Plaintiff and Defendant joyn a Commission Ex parte is that which is taken out by one party onely Expatiate expatior aris to wander to stray to spread abroad Expectable from expecto that may be expected or looked for Expedient from expedio is used both Substantively and Adjectively Substantively it is a help or fit means to prevent further mischief or compass any matter Adjectively it signifies fit helping furthering necessary Expeditate from ex and pes to unfoot is a word usual in the Forrest Laws otherwise called Lawing of Dogs signifying to cut out the balls of Dogs feet or as some will have it to cut off by the skin the three claws of the forefoot on the right side for the preservation of the Kings game Charta Forestae ca. 6. Every one that kept any great dogs not expeditated did forfeit to the King three shillings and four pence Cromp. Juris fol. 152. and Manwood part 1. fol. 205. and 212. Expedite expedio to dispatch to discharge to prepare to bring to pass Experiment experimentum use practice proof or trial Expâ—ble expiabilis that may be purged or satisfied for Expâ—ate expio to pacifie with prayer to purge by Sacrifice to make amends or satisfaction for Expâ— expiatio a pacifying with prayer a recompence or making amends The Feast of Expiation among the antient Hebrews was commanded to be celebrated on the tenth day of the moneth Tisri answering to our September Lev. 13. It was so called because the High Priest did then confess unto God both his own sins and the sins of the people and by the performance of certain Rites and Ceremonies expiate them and make an atonement with God for them Explement explementum a thing that fills up or accomplishes Expletive expletivus that fills a place or makes perfect fulfilling or making up Explicate explico to unfold display declare or expound Explicit explicitus unfolded declared ended Explode explodo publickly to disgrace or drive out by hissing or clapping of hands Explorement Exploration exploratio a search a trial or searching out Explosion explosio a casting of or rejecting a hissing a thing out Expolition expolitio a triming polishing or burnishing Ex post-facto Lat. a Law term and signifies the doing something after another or the doing something after the time wherein it should have been done Expostulate expostulo to require also to complain to quarrel in words to find him self grieved Exprobration exprobratio a reproach or upbraiding Expugnable expugnabilis pregnable which may be forced or won by force Expugnation expugnatio a conquering or winning by assault Expuition expuitio a spitting forth Expulsion expulsio an expelling banishing or putting forth Expumicate expumico to polish or smooth with a pumice stone to purge or make clean Expunge expungo to put cross or blot out Exquisite exquisitus much searched for singular curious exact Exsufflation a breathing out or upon Extant extans which appears above others standing out which is in being Extancy extantia a standing up or appearing above others Extacy See Ecstacy Extemporality extemporalitas a promptness or readiness without premeditation or study Extempore Lat. out of hand on a sudden without premeditation Extemporaneous Extemporary extemporarius sudden speedy without premeditation Extend extendo to stretch out enlarge or prolong It signifies in our Common Law to seize and value the Lands or Tenements of one bound by Statute c. that hath forfeited his bond to such an indifferent rate as by yearly rent the obligor may in time be paid his debt The course and circumstance of this see in Fitz. nat br fol. 131. Briefâ—d execut sur stat Merch. Extensible extensibilis wâ—ich may be extended or drawn out in length Extensive extensivus that may be stretched out or made long Extent from extendo hath two significations sometimes signifying a Writ or Commission to the Sheriff for the valuing of Lands or Tenements Regist Judicial in the Table Sometimes the act of the Sheriff or other Commissioner upon this Writ Brook tit Extent fol. 313. Extenuate éxtenuo to diminish to make less to undervalue Extercorate extercoro to carry forth dung or ordure to cleanse Exteriour exterior more outward in a lower place or degree Exterminate extermino to drive or cast out to banish to ruine to destroy External externus outward strange foreign Exterraneous or Extraneous exterraneus strange of another Land or Country Extersion extersio a wiping out Extimate extimus the outmost or last the contrary to intimate Extimulate extimulo to prick forward to stir up or encourage Extinct extinctus quenched put out appeased dead Extirpate extirpo to pluck up by the roots Extispicious from extispicium pertaining to South-saying by the intrals of beasts Extorsion extorsio exaction a wreathing or wringing out or from In our Common Law it signifies an unlawful or violent wringing of money or moneys worth from any man For example if any Officer by terrifying any Subject in his Office take more then his ordinary duties he commits and is inditable of Extorsion To this may be referred the exaction of unlawful Usury winning by unlawful Games excessive Toll in Milners c. See more in Cromp. Just of P. fo 48 49 50. Extort extoqueo to take away by force to wrest away by violence Extract Extraction extractio a drawing out a breviate or abridgment also a draught or copy Extramission extramissio a sending out or beyond Extraneous See Exterraneus Extravasal from extra and vas that is besides or out of the vessel Extricable extricabilis which a man may rid himself of or from Extricate extrico to rid out to deliver to shake off all lets Extrinsecal extrinsecus outward on the outside out of the matter Extroversion a turning outwards In mystical Divinity it is a scattering or distracting ones thoughts upon exterior objects Extrude extrudo to thrust or drive out to hasten forth Extuberate extubero to swell much to rise up like a bunch also to make to swell Extumescence from extumesco a swelling or rising up Exuberancy exuberantia abundance plenty Exuberate exubero to abound to be plentiful to bear in great abundance Exuccous exuceus without juyce Vul. Er. Exudate exudo to send forth liquor to sweat or drop out Exulcerate exulcero to make sore to vex to fret to raise blisters Exuge exugo to suck up to drink up Exulate exulo to be
farcino to stuff Farragirous from farrago inis that is mixed with sundry grains together or with good and bad Vul. Er. Farinaceous or Farinous farinaceus mealy or full of meal bemealed beflowred Farreation farreatio a Sacrifice whereby Priests confirmed marriage Farsang is three of our English miles or a League among the Persians Herb. tra Fasciate fascio to swaddle or bind Fascicular facicularis belonging to a bundle or fardel Fasciculate To tye up into a bundle or fascicle Fascicle fasciculus a handful bound together a packet also any thing carried in the hand to smell Fascinate fascino to bewitch to forespeak or inchant Fascination A bewitching a charm a forespeaking Fascination is the power and intensitive act of the imagination upon the body of another Faâ—tidious fastidiosus disdainful loathing soon offended Fastigate Fastigiate fastigio to raise up or grow up to a sharp top Fasâ—s A strong hold an inaccessible place Bac. Fastuosity fastuositas disdain pride Fatality from fatum fatalness also unavoidableness as of a thing appointed by destiny Cotg. Fate fatum destiny that which must of necessity come to pass by Gods secret appointment Fatal fatalis pertaining to destiny or fate Fatidical fatidicus that telleth fortunes or destinies Fatiferous fatifer that brings fate or destiny Fatigable from fatigo which may be wearied or tired Fatigate fatigo to make weary to trouble much Fatigue Fr. weariness tediousness trouble toyl as we say the Fatigues of war or of a long journey Fatiloquent fatiloquus that soothsaith or prophecieth Fatuate fatuor to play the fool Fatuity fatuitas foolishness blockishness idiotism Favaginous from favus like or full of honey or honey comb Faunes Fauni Gods of the fields and woods Faunick faunicus wild woodish rude Favontan Favonius pertaining to the west-wind favorable Faustity faustitas good luck happiness Fautor Lat. a favorer a furtherer or maintainer Fautresse fautrix she that favors or maintains Fealty of the Fr. feaulte i. fidelitas signifies in our Common Law an oath taken at the admittance of every Tenant to be true to the Lord of whom he holds his Land And he that holds Land by this oath of fealty onely holds in the freest manner that any man in Engl. under the King may hold Because all with us that have Fee hold per fidem fiduciam that is by fealty at the least Smith de Repub. Anglor l. 3. c. 8. Act 1656. c. 4. Feasible Fr. faisable effectable which may be performed acted or done Febricitate febricito to be sick-of a Feaver or Ague Febriculous febriculosus that hath or is subject to a Feaver Februate februo to purge Souls by Sacrifice or Prayer Fecial faecialis pertaining to the Herald that denounceth war or peace The manner was thus The Faecialis carried a Lance or Spear headed with Iron and half burnt with fire and strewed herbs all the way in sign of peace even to the confines of those against whom he was to menace war there in the presence of three men of good years declared that he and the people of Rome did denounce war against them c. And then threw the Lance as far as he could upon their ground When they proclaimed Peace the Faecialis took up a stone in his hand which after certain solemn words pronounced and those to be read in Godwins Anthol lib. 4. cap. 1. he cast out of his hand c. And of these Foeciales or Heralds there were in Rome a Colledge of twenty the principal of them was Pater patratus Feculency foeculentia filthiness fulness of dregs Feculent foeculentus soul unclean loathsom full of dregs Fecundity foecunditas plenty fertility abundance Fedity foeditas filthiness foulness dishonesty Feid Feed or Feud Is that ill custom which hath been much used in Scotland and the North of England viz. a combination of kindred to revenge the death of any of their blood against the killer and all his race These deadly Feids King James in his Basilicon Doron advised his son to redress with all care possible The word signifies hatred See Feud Fee feodum alias feudum is in our Law an equivocal word but most usually taken for an estate of inheritance in Lands to one and his Heirs for ever or to one and the heirs of his body But it is also used for the compass or extent of a Mannor and in the common acceptance the word is well known Fee-farm is when a Tenant holds of his Lord in Fee-simple paying him a yearly rent to half or a third part of the value of the Land more or less Fee-simple feodum simplex is when any person holds Lands or Rent to him and his Heirs for ever and these words his Heirs make the Estate of inheritance for if Land be given to a man for ever yet he hath but an Estate for life Feisible See Feasible Fellifluous fellifluus flowing of the Gall. Felicitaeâ— felicito to make prosperous or hapyy Felth. And I have read Felicify Felicitous from felix happy or made happy Felion from fel i. choler or grief of mind an angry blister or wheal most commonly on the finger or thumbs end Felo de se Is he that commits Felony by murthering himself See Crompt Just of Peace fo 28. and Lamb. Eiren. l. 2. c. 7. p. 243. Feloqur See Falouque Fencemonth is a moneth wherein it is unlawful to hunt in the Forest because the female Deer fawn in this month which begins fifteen days before Midsomer and ends fifteen days after So that to this moneth there are 31 days assigned See Manwood part 1. of his Forest Laws p. 80. but more at large part secunda c. 13. per totum Fenestral fenestralis belonging to a window Felony felonia seems to come of the Fr. felonnie i. impetuositas atrocitas immisericordia We account any offence Felony that is in degree next to petty Treason and compriseth divers particulars under it as Murther Theft killing of a mans self Sodomy Rape wilful burning of houses and divers such like which are to be gathered especially out of Statutes whereby many offences are daily made Felony that before were not Felony is discern'd from lighter offences by this that the punishment thereof is death Howbeit Petit Larceny which is the stealing of any thing under the value of twelve pence is Felony as appears by Brook tit Coron n. 2. His reason is because the Indictment against such a one must run with these words felonicè cepit and yet this is not punished by death though it be loss of goods A man may call that Felony which is under petit Treason and punished by death And of this there are two sorts one lighter that for the first time may be relieved by Clergy another that may not and these are to be known by the Statutes for Clergy is allowed where it is not expresly taken away Vid. Stanf. l. 1. pl. Cor. à fine cap. 2. usque ad 39. Lamb. Just P. l. 2. cap. 7. and Crompt J.P. fol.
32 c. Feminine foemininus of the female kinde Feneration foeneratio usury or the practice thereof Feneratitious foeneratitius taken or given to usury or pertaining thereto Feodarie alias Feudarie alias Feudatarie feudatarius was an Officer authorised and made by the Master of the Court of Wards and Liveries by Letters Patents under the Seal of that Office his Function was to be present with the Escheator at the finding any Office to give evidence for the King as well concerning the value as the tenure to survey the Land of the Ward after the Office found and to rate it he was also to assign the Kings widows their Dowers and to receive all the Rents of the Wards Lands within his Circuit and to answer them to the Receiver of the Court of Wards and Liveries This Office is mentioned An. 32. H. 8. cap. 46. Feofment from the Gottish word feudum and signifies Donationem feudi is in our Common Law any gift or grant of any Honors Castles Manors Messuages Lands or other corporal immoveable things of like nature to another in Fee-simple by the delivery of seism and possession of the thing given whether the gift be made by word or writing and when it is in writing it is called a Deed of Feofment and in every Feofment the giver is called the Feoffer and he that receives by vertue thereof the Feoffee And Littleton says that the proper difference between a Feoffer and Donor is that the Feoffer gives in Fee-simple and the Donor in Fee-tayl Feracity feracitas fruitfulness Feral feralis deadly mortal dangerous lamentable Ferial ferialis of or belonging to holy days idle vacant unimployed Feriation feriatio quietness idleness Ferient feriens striking hitting or knocking Ferine ferinus wild as a beast Ferit Ital. ferite a wound or blow Ferity feritas cruelty fierceness Fermentarious fermentarius made of leaven leavened Ferment fermentum leaven Fermented Fermentated leavened puffed up Fermentation fermentatio a fastning or setling a leavening as of bread a mixing or incorporating also a working as of Ale or Beer Ferocious from ferox ocis fierce harsh cruel proud haughty Ferocity ferocitas fierceness harshness cruelty Feronia a Goddess of the Woods Ferrean ferreus of iron iron-like also hard-hearted cruel Ferried from fero or ferre born or carried as ferried over a River Ferruginous ferruginosus like to or of the colour of rusty iron Ferruminate ferrumino to soulder or fasten together properly in matters of iron Fertility fertilitas fruitfulness abundance Fertilize Fr. fertilizer to make fertile fruitful or rank also to increase or grow fruitful Fervent fervens Fervid fervidus scalding burning fierce vehement Ferular ferula a wooden Instrument wherewith the Master strikes boys hands in Schools for correction called also a Palmer Fervor Lat. a burning heat earnestness vehemency of passion Fesse point from the Lat. Fascia the middle part of an Escutecheon whose breadth is divided into three even parts Fessitude fessitudo weariness tiredness Festinate festino to make haste to do a thing speedily Festivous festivus merry pleasant delightful provoking mirth pertaining to holy days Festivity festivitas mirth pleasantness a good grace Festucous from festuca belonging to a young tender sprig or stalk of a tree or herb from the root upward Fetiferous foetifer fruitful that brings forth fruit or young Feuid foetidus stinking filthy ill-smelling Fetor foetor a stink or ill-savor Feud or Feid or deadly Feud feuda a profession of an unquenchable hatred till we be revenged even by the death of our enemy and is deduced from the German word Feid which as Hotoman saith in verbis feudalibus modo bellum modo capitales inimicitias significat This word is used 43. El. c. 13. See Feid Feudal Fr. of or belonging to a Fief Manor Fee or Fee-simple also held in Fief or in Fee Cotg. Feudary See Feodary Feud-boote Sax. Faehth-bote a recompence for engaging in a Feud or Faction and for the damages consequent it being the custom of antient times for all the kindred to engage in their Kinsmans quarrel according to that of Tacitus de Morib German Suscipere tam inimicitias seu patris seu propinqui quam amicitias necesse est Sax. Dict. Feudist One that bears a feud or enmity also one that writes of Fees Inheritances Feuge See Fugue Fewmets or Fewmishing the dung of a Deer Fiants Fr. fiens the dung of a Fox or Badger a term of hunting Fibers fibrae the small threads or hair-like strings of roots also the threads or strings of Muscles and Veins Fibrous fibrosus full of hair-like threads or strings Fibulate fibulo to joyn or fasten together Fictile fictilis earthen or made of earth Bac. Fictitious fictitius dissembled feigned counterfeit Fideicide a Faith-destroyer a breaker of word or trust Fideicommissor Lat. he that commits a thing to the disposure of another Fidejussor Lat. a Surety for another in a mony matter Fidius the god of faithfulness and Son of Jupiter Fiduciary fiduciarius taken substantively is a Feoffee in trust or one intrusted on condition to restore adjectively trusty or sure A Fiduciary Father See Emancipate Fiduciate fiducio to commit a trust or to make condition of trust Fierabras from the Fr. fier a bras fierce at arms a name for a Braggadocia or desperate fellow Fifteenth Decima quinta is a Tribute or Imposition of money laid upon every City Burrough and other Town through the Realm not by the Poll or upon this or that man but in general upon the whole City or Town so called because it amounts to one fifteenth part of that which the City or Town hath been valued at of old Figment figmentum a forged tale a lye Figurative figurativus that is spoken by way of figure Filaceaus from filum or the Fr. filace of or pertaining to fine flax or thread Filament filamentum a thread string or rag or any thing like thereto the beard of a root Rel. Med. Filanders Fr. filandres small worms that breed in bruised surfeited or foul-fed Hawks also nets to catch wild Beasts with Filazer filazarius of the Fr. filace is an Officer in the Common Pleas whereof there are fourteen They make out all original Process as well real as personal and mixt File filum is a thread or wyer whereon Writs or other exhibits in Courts are fastned for the more safe keeping them It is also a term in War where six Musketeirs or Pike-men or as many as go a breast make a File or Rot. See Brigade Filial filialis of or belonging to a son Filiaster Fr. filiastre a Son in Law or Son by a former marriage Filme from the Belgick velme quod idem denotat a fine thin skin within the body dividing the flesh or any near member one from another Also a skin like a cap wherein divers children are born And the skins in wrapping the brains are called Filmes the inmost which is next the brain is also called pia meninx or pia mater the
twenty sols tournois which amounts to near 2 s. sterl Francis Ger. from Franc that is free not servile or bound The same with the Gr. Eleutherius and the Lat. Liberius Cam. Franciscans or Franciscan Friers a Religious Order instituted by St. Francis an Italian about the year of our Lord 1198. and confirmed by Pope Innocent the Third His rule prescribed Chastity Obedience Poverty much fasting and other austerities to all that should be admitted of that Order Of which you may read more in St. Bonaven de vita St Francisci Out of this great Order have sprung divers others as Observantes Conventuales Minimi Capuciani Collectanei c. Frangible frangibilis that may be broken breakable Franchise Fr. liberty freedom exemption also good breeding free-birth it is taken with us for a priviledge or exemption from ordinary Jurisdiction and sometimes an immunity from tribute c. Frank-Almoin libera Eleemosyna in French Franc Aumosne signifies in our Common Law a Tenure or Title of Lands Britton Cap. 66. num 5. saith thus of it Frank-Almoine is Lands or Tenements bestowed upon God that is given to such people as bestow themselves in the service of God for pure and perpetual Almes whence the Feoffers or givers cannot demand any terrestrial service so long as the Lands remain in the hands of the Feoffees Frank marriage Fr. Franc-marriage is a Tenure in Tayl special growing from these words in the gift Sciant c. Me T.B. de O. dedisse c. I.A. filio meo Marg. uxori ejus filiae verae T.N. in liberum maritagium unum Messagium c. West p. 1. Symb. l. 2. Sect. 303. The effect of which words is that they shall have the Land to them and the Heirs of their bodies and shall do no fealty to the Donor till the fourth Degree c. Frank pledge franciplegium is compounded of franc i. libâ—r and pledge i. fidejussor a free-pledge or surety and signifies in our Common Law a pledge or surety for free-men Fraternize from frater to agree as brothers to concur with or be near unto also to admit into a Fraternity Brotherhood or Society Fraternal fraternalis of or belonging to a brother Fratricelli a Sect of Hereticks broached by one Hermannius an Italian about the year of Christ 1304. in time of Pope Benedict the eleventh and Albertus the first Emperor they were otherwise called fratres de paupere vita brothers of a poor life 1. They taught promiscuous beddings that nothing was to be held proper or ones own that Christians are not to be Governors of a Commonwealth with other foolish errors condemned by Pope Boniface the eigth Fratricide fratricidium brother-slaughter Fratruelâ— fratrueles brothers children cousin Germans Fraudation fraudatio a deceiving or beguiling Fradulent fradulentus crafty deceitful full of guil Free-booters See Banditi Frederic Germ. Rich peace or as the Monk which made this allusion would have it peaceable reign Est adhibenda fides rationi nominis hujus Compositi Frederic duo componentia cujus Sunt Frederic Frith quid nisi Pax Ric quid nisi regum Sic per Hendiaden Fredericus quid nisi vel Rex Pacificus vel regia Pax Pax pacificusque For Frederic the English have commonly used Frery and Fery which has been now a long time a Christian name in the antient Family of Tilney and lucky to their house as they report Cam. Freed-stool Sax. i. sedes pacis was of old a refuge for malefactors at Beverley in Yorkshire where St. John of Beverley Archbishop of York erected a Monastery which King Athelstan made a Sanctuary to secure offenders against all legal prosecution Frement fremens gnashing or grinding the teeth roaring or braying Frenigerent fraeniger that ruleth the bridle Frescades Fr. refreshments as in Summer time light garments cool air cool places cool drinks Bowres or shades over-spread with green boughs Fresco Ital. fresh cool coldish also unsalt new laid new made sweet green or lusty As we say to walk or drink in Fresco i. to walk in the cool or fresh air or to drink cool or fresh wine Fretrots a sort of Sectaries which wore a secret Crown on their heads incestuous as Adamites by night and suppressed in the year 1310. Friable friabilis that may be crummed or broken smal Bac. Frication or Friation fricatio a rubbing or fretting together Friar or Frier from the Lat. Frater or from the Fr. frére i. a brother there are four principal Orders reckoned of them An. 4. H. 4. ca. 17. viz. Minors Grey Friers or Franciscans Augustins Dominicans or Black Friers and White Friers or Carmelites from these four Orders the rest descended See in Zecchius de Repuh Eccl. p. 380. And Linwood tit de Relig. Domibus ca. 1. verbo St. Augustin Frier Observant frater observans is an Order of Franciscans it is to be noted that of these four Orders mentioned in the word above the Franciscans are Minores tam observantes quam conventuales Capuchini Zecch de Repub. Eccl. tract de regular cap. 2. These Friers Observant mentioned An. 25. H. B. ca. 12. are so called because they are not combined together in any Cloister Covent or Corporation as the Conventuals are but onely tye themselves to observe the Rules of their Order and more strictly then the Conventuals do and upon a singularity of zeal separate themselves from them living in certain places and companies of their own chusing and of this you may read Hospinian de Orig prog Monachatus fol. 878. ca. 38. Fricasse Fr. fricassee any meat fried in a pan Friga an Hermaphroditical Idol adored by the old Saxons on the day now called Friday which thence took its denomination and was of old called Frigedeag Verst p. 63. Frigefaction frigefactio a making cool Frigerate frigero to cool Frigeratory frigeratorium a Cooling-house or place Frigid frigidus cold faint negligent flow also that is unable for carnal copulation Frigidity frigiditas coldness Frigifie frigifacio to cool or make cold Frigor Lat. coldness Frigorifical frigorificus that makes or procures cold Friperer from the Fr. Fripier i. interpolator one that scowres up and mends old Apparel to sell again a Broker This word is used for a bastardly kind of Broker A. 1. Ja. ca. 21. Fripery The use of that kind of Trade Brocage also a Brokers shop or a street of Brokers Fritiniancy Fritiniency from fritinio is a chirping like a Swallow Frize and Cornice the Crests furnitureÌ„ and finishing at the upper end of a Column or Pillar a term of Architecture Frondiferous frondifer that bears leaves or branches Frondosity frondositas leaviness or aptness to bear leaves Frontal frontale a Frontlet or attire for the forehead or a plaister applied to the Forehead It is also used Adjectively Frontispiece frontispicium the fore-front of an house or other building also the Title or first page of a book done in picture Frontiniac a luscious kind of rich wine made at a Town so
second the seventh Ides that is the eighth or seventh day before the Ides and so of the rest Therefore when we speak of the Ides of such a month in general it is to be understood of the fifteenth or thirteenth day of that moneth They are so called of an old word Idus to divide for that they commonly fall out near the midst of the moneth as aforesaid according to Horace Idus tibi sunt agendae Qui dies mensem Veneris marinae findit Aprilem Identification the making two things to be the same Idemity from idem sameness or being the very same Idiosyncrasy Gr. natural property or peculiar temperament of any thing Idiopathy idiopathia proper passion or particular affection Idiograph idiographum a private writing or of ones own hand writing Idiotical from the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 private or belonging to private men also belonging to an Idiot Idiom idioma a proper form of speech a Dialect See Dialect Idiot idiota one that is naturally born so weak of understanding that he cannot govern or manage his Inheritance The King by his Prerogative has the Government of their Lands and Substance that are naturally defective in their own discretion 17 E. 2. cap. 8. An Idiot and he that afterwards becomes of insane memory differ in divers cases Coke fol. 154. b. lib. 4. Idiotism idiotismus natural folly simplicity sottishness also the same with Idiom a form of speech taken up by the vulgar Idolatry idololatria a giving divine worship to that which is not God an Idol signifies properly a shadow or rather a vain vision or false representation of a thing that is not Eustachius upon Homer Pol. Virg. affirms Idolatry to have begun in the time of Belus King of the Assyrians who reigned An. Mun 3180. whom the Babylonians first worshipped for a God Idoneity idoneitas fitness propriety Idoneous idoneus proper fit meet convenient Idyl idyllium or idyllion a Poem consisting of few Verses Iehovah Hebr. is Gods proper name of his own imposition and incommunicable to any creature of what rank or quality soever a name of such immoderate reverence among the eldest Jews that it was forbidden to be written right or pronounced at all in this world but by the High-Priest and but in one place the Sanctum Sanctorum and but at one time of the year in the day of expiation Gregory p. 5. Iehu-match a speedy quick march such as that was of Jehu King of Israel who marching with a troop of men towards Jezreel stopt the messengers that were sent to him out of the Town to learn whether he came as a man of peace a friend or a foe whereof you may read more 4 King 9.10 Iejune jejunus greedy hungry bare barren empty nothing copious Iejunity jejunitas slenderness of style barrenness nakedness Ie-ne-scay-quoy four French words contracted as it were into one and signifies I know not what we use to say they are troubled with the Je-ne-scay quoy that feign themselves sick out of niceness but know not where their own griefs lies or what ayls them Ieofaile is compounded three French words I'ay faille I have failed and signifies in our Common Law an over-sight failing or defect in pleading See New terms of Law Ieremy Heb. high of the Lord. Iesuats an Order of Monks begun at Siena in Italy by John Columbanus and Fran. Vincent A. 1365 so called from their often having the name of Jesus in their mouths Pope Vrban the fifth approved them and enjoyned them to wear a white garment a white cover for their head a leather girdle and to go barefoot using onely wooden soles these were afterwards called Apostolici Drantzius and Surius Iesutes Those of the Society of Jesus a Religious Order first founded by St. Ignatius Loyola born in Biscay in the year 1492. Pope Paul the third confirmed this Order Sep. 15. 1540. To the three Vows of Poverty Obedience and Chastity common to all other Orders St. Ignatius at the institution hereof added the Vow of Mission which is this And further we judge it expedient for our greater devotion to the Sea Apostolique and more full abnegation of our own wills and pleasures that the professed of this Society besides the common bond of the three Vows be further tied by special Vow so as that whatsoever the Roman Bishop for the time being shall command pertaining to the salvation of souls and propagation of the Faith they shall be bound to execute without tergiversation or excuse whether they shall be sent unto Turks or Infidels yea even unto those that are commonly called the Indians or unto any other Hereticks or Schismaticks whatsoever Iesuah Heb. salvator by that name and by Jehoshuah which signifies Deus salvabit our Saviour Christ was foretold in the Old Testament From the Hebrew Jesuah comes the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which the Latins write Jesus Iesus Lat. the proper name of our Saviour Christ designed him from heaven by the Angel Gabriel and the reason of its imposition is given by those words of the said Angel Matth. 1. And his name shall be JESVS because he shall save his people from their sins the word Jesus signifying a Saviour In Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 per Anagramma est 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. tu es ovis illa i. ovis illa pro peccatis nostris immolata Agnus mactatus ante jacta mundi fundamenta In abbreviation this sacred name is usually written thus I H S. which middle letter some take to be an h when as it is in truth the Greek H Eta or E longum Jesus in the China tongue signifies the rising Sun Greg. Ietson See Flotson Iews-ears An Excrescence about the root of Elder and concerns not the Nation of the Jews as some imagin Br. Ignaro Ital. one that is ignorant A fool or dunce an Ignoramus Ignify ignifacio to burn Igniferous ignifer that beareth fire Ignipotent ignipotens mighty by fire Ignis Fatuus Lat. foolish fire or as the Country people call it Will of the Wisp is a certain viscous substance reflecting light in the dark evaporated out of a fat earth and flying in the air It commonly haunts Church-yards Privies and Fens because 't is begotten out of fatness it flyes about Rivers Hedges c. because in those places there is a certain flux of air it follows one that flyes it and flyes one that follows it because the air doth so Per. Instit It is called Ignis fatuus because it onely feareth fools Hence 't is when men are led away with some idle fancy or conceit we use to say an Ignis fatuus hath done it Ignitible ignitibilis that may be turned into fire combustible Vul. Er Ignition ignitio a burning or firing of a thing Ignivomous ignivomus that spits out fire as the hills Aetna and Vesuvius are said to do Ignominy ignominia discredit reproach slander rebuke dishonor Ignominious ignominiosus infamous reproachful dishonorable Ignoramus the first person plural
of ignoro signifies properly we are ignorant but it 's commonly used as a Noun As when we say such a one is an Ignoramus i. a fool or a dolt In our Common Law it is properly used by the grand Enquest empannelled in the Inquisition of causes criminal and publick and written upon the Bill whereby any crime is offered to their consideration when they mislike their evidence as defective or too weak to make good the Presentment The effect of which word so written is that all farther inquiry upon that party for that fault is thereby stopped and he delivered without further answer It has a resemblance with that custom of the ancient Romans where the Judges when they absolved a person accused did write A upon a little Table provided for that purpose i. Absolvimus If they judged him guilty they writ C. i. Condemnamus if they found the cause difficult and doubtful they wrote N.L. i. Non Liquet Alex. ab Alexandro Genial dierum lib. 3. c. 14. Ignoscible ignoscibilis tolerable to be pardoned H.S. This Character compounded of two Capital II. and the letter S. thus coupled together signifies Sestertius i. a silver coyn among the Romans consisting of two Asses and a half whence it has the name Sestertius quasi semistertius i. two and half the third and therefore you see the numeral note of two and S for semis which is half it is the fourth part of the Roman Denarius and in value among us three half pence farthing q. Ikeâ—uld street is one of the four famous ways the Romans made in England taking denomination ab Icenis which were the inhabitants of Norfolke Suffolke and Cambridge-shire Cam. Brit fol. 343. See Watling-street Iliad ilias adis Homers Poem of the destruction of Troy so when we say an Iliad of evils or sorrow is meant as many mischeifs or as much grief as befel the Trojans at the Seige and destruction of their City also a Poem of evils or sorrow Iles ilia the flanks that part of the entrals which contains the three first or small guts so termed by Anatomists Iliacal Iliaque iliacus of or belonging to the Iles or small guts Illaboraâ—e illaboratus done or made without labor plain unlaboured Illacerable illacerabilis that cannot be torn or rent in pieces Illachrymation illacrymatio a weeping or bewailing Illaqueate illaqueo to bind snare or entangle Illatebration illatebratio a hiding or seeking of corners Illation illatio an inference conclusion a reason or allegation that inforceth a bringing in of a matter Illatration illatratio a barking against one Illecebrous illecebrosus that enticeth or allureth Illegitimate illegitimus unlawful base-born bastard Illepid illepidus without delectation or grace unpleasant Illiciteus Illicite illicitus unlawful without warrant Illigation illigatio an inwrapping or intangling Illimitable that cannot be limited or bounded Illogical not logical not according to the rules of Logick Illucidate illucido to enlighten or give light to clear or explicate clearly Illuminous illuminosus without light Illusion illusio a mocking or scorning Illusory from Illusor a mocker that mocketh or scorneth Illutible illutibilis that cannot be purged from filth Imbargo or Embargo Span. a stop or stay an usual word among our Merchants when their ships or Merchandizes are arrested upon any occasion Imbecillity imbecillitas weakness feebleness And â—ome use the word imbecillate or weakened or enfeebled Imbellick imbellis unaccustomed to warâ— nothing manly cowardly Felth. Imber days or Imber weeks quatuor tempora which weeks are four in the year and antiently Wednesday Friday and Saturday in each week were fasts according to these old Verses Post cineres Pentec post crucem postque Luciam Mercurii Veneris Sabathi jejunia fient That is the next Wednesday c. after Cineres or Ash-wednesday after Pentecost i. Whit-sunday after holy-rood-day or the exaltation of the Cross and the next after St. Lucies lay in December See Ember Imbibe imbibo to receive in to drink in Imbibition from imbibe a drinking or receiving in Imbosk Fr. Embosquer to side or shroud ones self in a wood Schism Disp Imbossement See Embossement Imbossed work in mettal or stone is made with bosses or bunches and comes of the German word Imbessieren i. caelare formam aliquam Min. Imbricate imbricatus square and bent like a roof or gutter-Tile which the Latins tall Imbrex also coverd with such a Tile Imbrication imbricatio a covering with Tile Imbrocado See Brocado Imitative imitativus made or done by imitation apt to imitate Immanity immanitas outragiousness cruelty excess Immansuete immansuetus ungentle untractable outragious wilde Immanuel See Emmanuel Immarcessible immarcessibilis incorruptible unwitherable immortal Immaturity immaturitas untimeliness unripeness Immedicable immedicabilis that cannot be cured Immemorable immemrabilis unworthy remembrance that is to be forgotten that cannot be remembred Immersible immersibilis that cannot be drowned Imminution imminutio a diminishing or making less Immission immissio a sending or putting in a setting or graffing Bac. Immolate immolo to offer to sacrifice Immolation immolatio a Sacrificing or Offering Immunity immunitas freedom from any thing liberty Immusical that hath no musick or harmony Impacable impacabilis that cannot be appeased Impacted impactus dashed or beaten against cast or put into Impale Fr. Empaler to spit on a stake to thrust a stake in at the Fundament and out at the mouth a manner of death inflicted on offenders by the Turks Also a term in Heraldry signifying as it were the halfing a Coat of Arms when a Coat is quartered the Escotcheon is divided into four parts when impaled into two Impanation impanatio the turning another substance into bread Imparlance v. Emparlance Impe a term most usual among Falconers and is when a Feather in a Hawks wing is broken and another piece imped or graffed to the stump of the old But may be handsomly used in a metaphorical sence to other purposes As to Impe the Feathers of time with several recreations Sir P.S. Himp or â—imp in the Brittish language is surculus a young graff or twig thence impto the Verb to incculate or graff Hence the word to imp is borrowed by the English first surely to graff trees and thence translated to imping feathers Imparity imparitas inequality unlikeness Impeachment of Waste from the Fr. Empeschement i. impedimentum signifies with us a restraint from committing waste upon Lands or Tenements Impeccable impeccabilis that cannot offend or do amiss Impeccability impeccabilitas an impossibility to sin Impedient impediens letting staying or hindering Impeditive impeditus that lets or hinders Impend impendo to spend or lay out moneys to bestow to employ Impendious impendiosus too liberal that spends more then needs Impenetrable impenetrabilis that cannot be pierced or entered invincible Impennous impennatus without feathers that has no feathers Vul. Er. Imperative imperativus that commands or that is commanded Imperceptible imperceptus that cannot be taken or conceived Imperil from periculum to hazard or put into danger
the twentieth part of a drop Kalends See Calends Karobe or Karoble the fruit of the Carobe tree Also the twenty fourth part of a grain one of the least weights used by Goldsmiths Kenne Sax. to see or know within ken i. within view Kenodoxy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the love study or desire of vain-glory Scapula Kern in Ireland is a kind of Foot Souldier lightly armed with a Dart or Skeyn Antiq. Hibern p. 33. and 57. We take a Kern most commonly for a Farmer or Country Bumpkin Ketchef from the Fr. Couver chef i. to cover the head a linnen cloth that old women wear on their heads and hence Handkerchef though improperly King of Heralds Rex Heraldâ—rum is an Officer at Arms who has the preheminence of this Society See Harold This Officer among the Romans was called Pater Patratus Kings Evil A disease or swelling so called Edward the Confessor King of England was of that holiness of life that he received power from above to cure many diseases among others this of the Kings-Evil A Prerogative that continues as some think hereditary to his Successors of England Heyl. Keâ—l Belg. Kiel the bottom of a ship Keâ—e Sax. pottage a word still used in the north of England and in Scotland So Kelemuâ—t signifies Pottage-hearb which we to this day corruptly call Cole-worts Verstegan Kichel Sax. a Cake which Horace calls Libum Vtque sacerdotis fugitivus liba recuso It was of old with us called a Gods Kichel because Godfathers and Godmothers used commonly to give one of them to their Godchildren when they asked blessing Chaucers Interpret Kilderkin from the Belg. Kindeken Kenneken octava Cadi pars Dioscorides saith it is eleven Gallons and a Quart Agricola and Junius thirteen Gallons and a half Kym-Kam See Camoise Kin the antient diminutive of our Saxon tongue as Perkin is as much as little Peter Comkâ—r little Thomas and the like Kintal Span. Quintal is a certain weight of Merchandize to the value of an hundred or something under or over according to the divers uses of sundry Nations This word is mentioned by Plowden in the Case of Reniger and Fagossa Knave Sax. Cnaâ—a a boy or childe was not of old used as a name of disgrace or contempt as now it is but as the name of some kind of Servant or Lacquey as Scyld-Knapa was he that carried a noble persons Shield c. Verst See Esquire Kit-Kaies The fruit of the Ashen tree they are little narrow husks hanging together in clusters wherein is contained the â—eed of the Ash which is bitter This provokes Urine and is sought by some for other purposes Bull. Knight a title of dignity was heretofore by our Ancestors written Cnight and in the modern Teutonic it signifies Rider and answers to the French Chevalier which may be Englished a Horseman and so agrees with Eques in Latin Verst Knights Fee feudum militare is so much inheritance as is sufficient yearly to maintain a Knight with convenient Revenue which in Henry the thirds days was but fifteen pounds Cam. Brit. p. 111. But Sir Tho. Smith in his Repub Angl. l. 1. ca 18. rates it at forty pounds And I find in the Statute for Knights A. 1. E 2. ca. 1. that such as had twenty pound per an in Fee or for life might be compelled to be Knights Stow in his Annals p. 285. saith There were found in England at the time of the Conqueror 60211 Knights Fees Others say 60215. wherof the Religious houses before their suppression were possessed of 28015 Knights Fee is sometime used for the Rent that a Knight pays for his Fee to the Lord of whom he holds and this an uncertain sum some holding by forty shillings the Shield some by twenty shillings as appears by Bracton lib. 5. Tract 1. cap. 2. My Lo. Coke in his ninth Book of Reports saith A Knights Fee is estimated by the value of the Land viz. 20 l. annual An Hide of Land is as much as one Plough can break up in a year Relief the fourth part of the annual value of the Land viz. of a Knight 5 l. of a Baron 100 Marks an Earl a 100 l. a Marquis 200 Marks a Duke 200 l. Knighten gyld was a Gyld in London consisting of nineteen Knights which King Edgar founded giving them a portion of void ground lying without the City wall now called Portsoken Ward Stows Annals p. 151. Knights service an ancient tenure of Lands by which a man was bound to bear Arms in War for defence of the Realm But is now abolished by Act 1656. ca. 4. Knipperdollings a sort of Hereticks who took name from one Knipperdolling who lived in Germany about the year 1535 was contemporary with John of Leyden a follower of Muncer in matters of doctrine Lo. Herb. H. 8. Knoll Sax. Cnollâ— the top or cop of a Hill or Mountain a familiar word in Herefordshire as Birchers Knoll c. And in Scotland they call those Knolls of peace which are Mounts cast up by the labor of men in Latin Dumi pacis Korban See Corban Kyrie eleison omnibus linguis à Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. domine and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. miserere ab 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. misericordia q. miserere Domine Lord have mercy on us So Christe eleison i. Christ have mercy on us In the Greek Church these words are of great esteem and often repeated by their Priests and are also used in the Latin Church both in the Mass and Litany L LAbarum Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Church Banner a Flag or Streamer for the War Eusebius Pamphilus lib. 1. de vita Constantini describes this peculiar Standard very curiously The common form you may see in the 163 page of the Elements of Armories In the Labarum these things are more First The Banner was of purple where the pictures of the Emperor and his Children were wrought in gold and stones of wonderful value and beauty above the cross beam or traverse Staff of the Banner stood the two first Greek Capitals of Christs name and on the point or top of the Launce or Staff Imperial was advanced a Crown of gold set with precious stones All in honor of his miraculous conversion upon the apparition of the Cross Labdacismâ— labdacismus or rather lambdacismus from the Greek Letter 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is when the Letter L is pronounced with too much force as when one says ellucet for elucet Labefaction labefactio a weakening or enfeebling a loosening or destroying Labial from labium a lip pertaining to the lips Labile labilis unstable unconstant that will soon or or easily fall Laboriferous laborifer that takes pains that endures labour painful difficult Laboriosity laboriositas painfulness laboriousness or laborosity Labrador Spa. a laborer a Ploughman a Country Swain Labrous labrosus that hath a brim bank or border Also that hath great lips Labyrinth labyrinthus a Maze or
Also the third degree among the Levites See Levites Licentious licentiosus rash unruly dissolute Lich-fowle the reputed unlucky Night-Raven so calâ—ed from the Saxon Lic or Lick i. a dead corps Country people by corruption call these Scritch-Owles or Lich-Owls Licitation licitatio a setting out to sale a prizing or cheapening Licite licitus lawful granted Lictor Lat. a Sergeant There were twelve Lictors or Sergeants among the antient Romans who with bundles of Rods and Axes always went before the Magistrate so called as Fastus thinks quod fasces virgarum ligatos ferant Lictorian lictorius pertaining to a Sergeant or Lictor Lief-â—ebber Dutch a Lover Bishop Derrys Answer to Militiere Liege from the Ital liga a League or Obligation is a word borrowed from the Feudists and has two significations in our Common Law sometimes being used for Liege Lord An. 34. and 35. H. 8 ca. 1. and An. 35. ejusdem ca. 3. And sometimes for Leige man An. 10. R. a. ca. 1. and An. 11. ejusdem ca. 1. Leige Lord is he that acknowledges no Superior Duarenus in commentar de consuetud Feudorum ca. 4. nu 3. Liege-man is he that ows Ligeancy to his Liege Lord. See more of this in Skene de verborum significatione verbo Ligiantia Ligeancy ligeantia is such a duty or fealty as no man may owe or bear to more then one Lord. See Skene num 4. This word is used in the Statutes of our Realm as the Kings Liege people An. 14. H. 8. ca. 2. Ligation Ligature ligatio a binding also the tongue-tying in children especially Ligament ligamentum a ty-band or string especially the insensible string that is seated either within or near a joynt and is termed by Anatomists a Ligament and is between a Cartilage and a Membrane appointed firmly to knit the joynts Ligneous Lignean ligneus of wood or timber wooden full of wood Lignicide lignicida a wood-cutter Lignum-vitae Lat. the wood called Aloes by the Arabians Calambuco which for its sweet savor is valued at its weight in pure Silver as being not onely serviceable for the pompous Funerals of Princes but also for Bathes And with the Indians among whom it grows it is held an unparallel'd medicine for many dangerous maladies Heil Ligue Fr. a League or Confederacy a Complot or Combination of sides or parties which have been divided an Agreement made or Alliance contracted Ligurion ligurio a devouter a spend-thrift Ligurition liguritio a gluttonous devouring immoderate appetite Lilith was held by the Jews to be a kind of she-Devil that killed children Clossa Talm. in Nidda fol. 24. b. Limaceous from limacia snaily snail-like full of or resembling a snail Limation limatio a filing or polishing Limenark limenarcha the Warden or Governor of a Port. Liminarie Fr. liminaire set before the entry or at the beginning of dedicatory fore-running Cot. Limosity limositas abundance of mud muddiness Limous limosus full of mud or slime muddy Br. Limpid limpidus clear bright pure transparent Limpitude Limpidity limpiditas clearness brightness Linament linamentum linnen thread lint a tent for a wound Lincolns-Inn one of the four Inns of Court and in antiquity next the Temples it was for the most part purchased of Sir Edw. Suliard of Essex by the Benchers and Gentlemen of that house But it took denomination from Sir H. Lacy Earl of Lincoln to whom part of this House was given by Edw. the first See more in Stow. Chron. p. 1072. Lineament lineamentum the feature or proportion of the face or of any other part a line drawn in painting Linear linearis pertaining to a line lineal Linguacity linguacitas talkativeness verbosity Linigerous liniger that beareth flax or linnen Liniment linimentum a thin ointment Linosity linositas abundance of flax Lintearious lintearius of or belonging to linnen Lintel from the Fr. Linteau the head-piece of a door the upper posts Lippitude lippitudo a dropping waterishness or bloodshot of the eyes blearedness of the eyes Lipothymie lipothymia a fainting or souning when the vital spirits being suddenly oppressed a man sinks down as if he were dead Hist of K. Cha. Liquable liquabilis which may melt or become soft or liquid Liquation liquatio a melting Liquefaction liquefactio a melting or making soft or liquid a dissolving Liquescency the same Liquid liquidus soft moist wet pure clear Liquids liquidae are four viz. L M N R and so called Quia pronunciatione liquescunt ore c. because in the pronunciation they melt as it were or become liquid in the mouth and are more softly uttered then other Consonants Min. Liquidate liquido to make moist or clear Litany litania an humble supplication or prayer the Gr. from whence the word is derived importing as much Literality from litera learning knowledge of letters Literature literatura learning cunning grammer knowledge of letters Litargy or Lithargy lithargyros white lead or the foam that riseth from lead when tried It is cold of operation and used by Chyrurgeons in oyntments and Plaisters being of a gentle drying clensing and binding nature Lithomancy lithomantia divination by casting Pibble stones or by the Lode-stone whereby as Tretzes in his Chiliads delivers Helenus the Prophet foretold the destruction of Troy Lithotomy lithotomia a Masons Work-house or Quarry also a Prison Dr. Br. Lithontriâ—tick from the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 lapis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 tritus that wears breaks or cuts a stone Dr. Br. Litigatioâ— litigatio a strife a suit or pleading Litigious litigiosus contentious full of strife wrangling Litispendence litispendentia the hanging of a suit till it be tried or decided Litoral Litorean litoralis of or belonging to the Sea-side or shore Liturate lituro to blot with the pen to dash out Liturgy liturgia publick service or a form of publick prayers Liturgick liturgicus pertaining to such a Liturgy ministerial Livery Fr. Liurée hath several significations 1. It is used for a Noble or Gentlemans Cloth or colours worn by his Servants or Followers with Cognizance or without A. 1. R. 2 c. 7. A. 20. ejus c. 1 2. A. 8. H. 6. c. 4. A. 8. E. 4. c. 3. c. 2. It signifies a delivery of possession 3. It is the Writ which lies for the heir to obtain the possession or seisin of his lands at the Kings hands which see in Fitzh nat br fol. 155. Also we call that a Livery stable where strangers horses are admitted at an allowance of so much by the week or by the day and night for Hay and Oats And this sence the Fr. Liurée does also bear as Liurée des Chanoines for their Corady stipend or daily allowance in victuals or money Livery of Seisin deliberatio seisinae is a delivery of possession of Land or Tenement or other things West part 1. Symbol lib. 2. Sect. 169. calls this a Ceremony in the Common Law used in the conveyance of Lands or Tenements c. where you may see the usual form of it set down Livid lividus
54. Manuary manuarius gotten by handy labor or that fills the hand Manucaption manucaptio a taking by or with the hand Manuduction manuductio a leading or guiding by the hand Manumission manumissio a deliverance out of bondage an enfranchisement a making free Manumit or Manumisse manumitto to enfranchize to make a Slave or Bondman free which was in old time thus The Lord of the Slave holding him by the head arm or other part said before witness I will that this man go free and in so saying shoved him forward out of his hand Manutention from manu tenere a holding with the hand Lo. Herb. H. 8. Maran-atha Syriac i.e. adventus Dei vel Deus venit a curse mentioned 1 Cor. 16. Anathema Maranatha the third and highest degree of Excommunication The Jews called it Schammatha See Dr Ham. Annot. fol. 600. Maravedis a little Spanish coyn whereof thirty four make but the Royal or six pence sterling Marchasite or Marquesite marchasita a stone participating with the nature of some mettal yet in so small quantity that the mettal cannot be melted from it but will vapor away in smoak the stone turning to ashes those Marchasites are commonly in colour like the metal mixed with them whether it be Gold Silver Brass or any other Some affirm a Marchasite to be any stone out of which fire may be strucken Marcessible marcessibilis apt or easie to rot or putrifie Marcgrave or Martgrave Germ. a County or Earl of the Borders or Marches with us a Marquess Marches from the Germ. March i. a border or from the Fr. Marque i. a Mark the borders bounds or limits of any place Region or Country as between us and Wales or between us and Scotland An. 24. H 8. ca. 9. Marcheta Eugenius the third King of Scotland did wickedly ordain that the Lord or Master of the ground or land should have the first nights lodging with every married woman within the same which Ordinance was afterwards abrogated by King Malcome the third who ordained that the Bridegroom should have the sole use of his own Wife and therefore should pay to the Lord a piece of money called Marca Hect. Boetius l. 3. ca. 12. Spotsw Hist fol. 29. Mr. Skene says that Mercheta mulieris is the raid of the woman or the first carnal copulation with her pag. 93. Marchionesse the wife of a Marquess Marcid marcidus withered rotten feeble lither Marcidious marcidiosus very rotten feeble c. Marcionists old condemned Hereticks so called of their first Master Marcion a Stoick Philosopher who held a detastable opinion that Christ was not the Son of God Marcor Lat. rottenness withering pining away Mare-maid See Mer-maid Night-Mare a disease in the night that troubles one so in his sleep that he can scarce breath See Incubus Mareshal See Marshal Margaratiferous margaritifer that brings forth or hath plenty of pearls or Margarites which are found in the shel-fish especially in Oysters the best are brought out of India yet they are also found in our English and Flemish Seas but not in such perfection Marginal Marginean marginalis margineus belonging to the brim or margin written in the margin Marine Maritan marinus belonging to or near the Sea also strange as from beyond Sea Marital maritalis belonging to marriage or Wedlock on the Husbands part Maritime maritimus belonging to or near the Sea wavering and changeable Mark is with us 13 s. 4 d. In Scotland but 13 d. ob See Marcheta Marmoration marmoratio a building with marble Marmorean marmoreus of marble or that is like it in colour hardness c. Maronean wine wine of such vertue and strength that if twenty times so much water be put to it it will still keep his vertue And is so called from Maronea or Marogna a City of Ciconia where it is made Rider Maronites so called from one Maron who is mentioned in the fifth Act of the Constantinopolitan Council a sort of Christians onely found in Mount Libanus in Syria they have a Patriarck whose name is always Peter they were a limb of the Jacobites but received the Roman Catholick Religion in the Papacy of Clement 8. who sent them a Catechism printed at Rome in the Arabian language Sands Marque seems to a French word signifying notam vel signum or else to come from the Germ. March i. limes or from Marc a Britan word used not onely by the now Welch but also by the Armoricans signifying as much as note or character signifies in the antient Statutes of our Land as much as Reprisals as A. 4. H. 5. c. 7. Marques and Reprizals are used as Synonima and letters of Marque are found in the same signification in the same Chapter See Law of Marque Marquetry is a most curious work wrought in wood of divers colours and divers sorts into the shape of knots flowers and other devices with that excellency of cunning as they seem all to be one piece and rather the work of Nature then Art Chequer-work Inlaid-word Marquetrie properly belongs to Joyners as Mosaique to Masons and Stone-cutters though some Authors confound them See Mosaique Marquess or Marquis narchio by the opinion of Hâ—tom comes of the Germ. March i. limes signifying originally as much as custos limtis or comes praefectus limtis c. These are with us in honor and place next Dikes See Cassau de consuet Birg p. 15. See Marcgrave Marquisate Fr. Marquisaâ— a Marquiship or Marqusdom the Territories of a Marquess Marrow Fr marauld a felow a Knave or Rascal Mars the Heathen god of War taken for War or Battle it self Also one of the seven Planets See Saturn Marshal Fr. Mareschal with us there are divers Officers of this name but one most noble of all the rest who is called Lord or Earl Marshal of England of whom mention is made in divers Statutes as An. 1. H. 4. ca 7. and 14. and An. 13. R. 2. ca. 2. His Office consists especially in matters of War and Arms as well with us as in other Countries whereof you may read in Lupanus de Magistratibus Franciae lib. 1. ca. Marschallus Tilius lib. 2. ca. de Conestabili Mariscallo c. The next to this is the Marshal of the Kings house then the Marshal of the Justices in Eyre Marshal of the Upper Bench Prison in Southwark Marshal of the Kings Hall Marshal of the Exchequer c. whereof see Cowel In every Regiment of Souldiers there is a Marshal whose Office is to look to Prisoners of War and to put in execution all sentences or orders of the Council of War upon offenders c. In Francis the firsts time there were but two Lord Marshals of France now there are ten who having their several Provinces assigned them by the King ride Circuits are present at all general musters to see how military Discipline is observed in Garisons view the Fortifications and reparations of Frontier Towns the munition and victual of Arsenals and Store-houses and lastly provide
passing over thwart in mans body which divides the Heart and Lungs from the Stomack Guts and Liver lest the vital parts should be offended with any ill vapor coming from them See Diaphragm Migrame See Megrime Migration migratio a flitting or removing by travel Mile milliare is with us a quantity of 1760 yards otherwise described to contain eight Furlongs and every Furlong forty Lugs or Poles and every Lug or Pole to contain sixteen foot and a half An. 35. Eliz. 6. See League and Furlong Militant militans going to war fighting Church Militant is the Church here on earth subject to trials combats and temptations Militia Lat. Warfare or all implements of war Millenarians a sort of Hereticks See Chiliasts Mimical mimicus belonging to wanton tricks scoffing apish Mimick a wanton Jester a counterfeit fool that imitates the gests and countenances of others a fool in a Play also certain Poems or Plays more lascivious then Comedies Mimographer mimographus a writer of wanton matters Minacity minacitas threatning by words or signs menacing Minature from minator he that treatneth threatning Mine See Meen Mineral minera any thing that grows in Mines and contains mettal Mineralist one that is well skilled in Minerals Minerva the Goddess of Wisdom and of all the Arts the President of Learning Minerval Lat. a reward given to Masters for teaching and properly a Banquet or Supper before a vacation Miniature from minium i. read lead the art of drawing Pictures in little being commonly done with red lead Minime Fr. a slow time in Musick Minims religious persons See Bonhomes Miniographer miniographus he that paints or writes with Vermillion or any red colour Minion Fr. Mignon a Darling the best beloved a Favorite also a piece of Ordnance so called Minious minius red of the colour of Vermillion Ministery ministerium service labor the charge of a work commonly taken for that of the Church Miniver or Meniver a fine white Fur made of the bellies of Squirrils some say it is the skin of a little white Vermine breeding in Muscovia Minnyng days from the Sax. Gemynde i. the mind q. Mynding days Bede hist lib. 4. ca 30. Commemorationis dies days which our Ancestors called their Moneths minde their Years mind and the like being the days whereon their Souls after their deaths were had in special remembrance and some Office or Obsequies said for them as Obits Dirges c. This word is still retained in Lancashire but elsewhere more commonly called Anniversary days Minor Lat. the lesser younger or smaller The minor or assumption of a Syllogism See Syllogism Minoration minoratio a making less or diminishing Minorative minorativus that which diminisheth or is apt to make less Minorites See Bonhomes Minority minoritas nonage underage Minors See Friar Minos a King of Creet who for his great justice is feigned to have been made a Judge in hell c. Hence as just as Minos proverbially Minotaur Minotaurus a Poetical monster half like a Man half like a Bull was kept in the Labyrinth of Candy and fed with mans flesh where at last he was slain by Thesus through the help of Ariadne This Fable was built upon this foundation that one Taurus a Servant of Minos got his Mistris Pasiphae with child from whence the Infant was named Minotaurus Minster Sax. a Monastery Hence the Minster-Church so called because it formerly belonged to some Monastery Minute minutus adj diminished small or little mean or simple Minution minutio a diminishing or making less Mirabilary from mirum may be taken for a book of wonders as vocabulary a book of words Bac. Miradical miradicus that speaks strange things Mirifical mirificus marvellous wonderfully done strangely wrought Mirmillon mirmillo onis a challenger at fighting with swords one sort of Gladiatores called also Galli upon whose crests was portraited a fish Perottus Mis is a Particle in composition which for the most part signifies to err or do ill As to mis-interpret to err in interpreting Misanthropie misanthropia an hating of men Misanthropist misanthropos he that hates the company of men Miscellanies miscellanea a hotch pot of sundry collections without any form or method a mixture of things together without order Miscellaneous miscellaneus mixed together without order Miscreant q. mis-croyant a mis-beleever an Infidel Miserâ—ick Vein See Vein Miserer i. have mercy It is the name and beginning of one of the Penitential Psalms and is commonly that Psalm which the Judge gives to such guilty persons as have the benefit of the Clergy allowed by the Law and is caled the Psalm of Mercy There is also a disease called Miserere mei which is a voiding of the Excrements upwards coming of the obstruction of the small guts and is very painful the patient imagining that his guts are pulled out and broken Misiâ—ennâ—g is a changing of speech in Court Saxon in the description of England cap. 11. But Stow defines it thus Est quietum esse de amerciamento pro querela coram quibuscunque in transumptione prolata Survey fol. 919. Misogamie misogamia hating of mariage Misogynie misogynia the hate or contempt of women Misogyuist Gr. a hater of women Fuller Misprision from the Fr. Mespris i. contempt despising signifies in our Law negligence or over-sight As for example Misprision of Treason or Felony is a neglect or light account shewed of Treason or Felony committed by not revealing it when we know it to be committed Stawnf Pl. Cor. lib. 1. ca. 19. Misprision of Treason incurs imprisonment during the Kings pleasure loss of goods and profits of lands during life Misprision of Felony seems onely finable by the Justices before whom the party is attainted Misprision signifies also a mistaking 14. Ed. 3. Stat. 1. c. 6. Missal missale the Mass-book Misseiden Messeito or Me cidine from the Belg. Mistei a plant having slender branches and green thick leaves and never grows upon the ground but upon other trees the best is that which grows on the Oak its leaves and fruit are good to soften and ripen any cold hard swellings Of the berry of this vegetable Birdlime is made But that the Thrush eating these berries and not able to digest them and so from her inconverted muting this plant should arise as the Antients afirmed is doubted by Dr. Brown fo 98. From this conceit that the Thrush did cack Misselto which made Birdlime the bane of the bird arose that old proverb Turdus sibi malum cacat Appliable to such as are authors of their own misfortune Missil missile a dart stone arrow or other thing thrown or shot a term of Heraldry Missionatics persons sent commonly spoken of Priests sent to unbelieving Countries to convert the people to Christian Faith Also a particular institute in France called the Fathers of the Mission who go by pairs in imitation of the Apostles preach and catechize and perform other pastoral Offices in assistance of the Clergy and with obedience to the Bishop Mission missio a sending away
Letters Patents c. Fitz. nat br fol. 35. E. 2. Hen. 6. cap. 10. Patency patentia a lying open or uncovered Pater-guardian a Father-guardian a title given to the chief of the Franciscan Friers in their monasteries Paternal paternus of or belonging to a Father fatherly Pathetical patheticus passionate perswasive that moves affection Pathologie Gr. that part of Physick which intreats of the causes qualities and differences of diseases Pathologists Gr. writers on the diseases and symptomes incident to the body of man Dr. Charl. Pathologick pertaining to Pathologie Patible patibilis that may be suffered or endured Patibulated patibulatus hanged on a Gibbet Gallows or Cross Patin patina a kind of large Vessel wherein they both sod meat and brought it to the Table a great Platter a Charger a Bason to wash in Also the little Hat Sawcer or Plate used by Priests with the Chalice at Mass Patration patratio the finishing and perfecting a thing a doing or making it Patriark patriarcha a chief Father or the first Father of a Family or Nation in which sence the Jews reckoned Abraham Isaac and Jacob. It is also a principal dignity in the Church whereof there were antiently five as of Rome Constantinople Alexandria Jerusalem and Antioch Patriarchal of or belonging to a Patriarch Patriarchate Patriarchy patriarchatus the dignity and estate of a Patriarck a Patriarkship Patriciate patriciatus the dignity and estate of them that descend of Senators Patricide patricida a murtherer of his Father near Cousen or dear friend Patricide patricidium the murthering of ones Father Patricians patricii those in Rome that descended of the Race of Senators whose Fathers and Ancestors bore that Office the sons of Senators Hence the name of Patrick given originally to those who could cite their Fathers as men of honor Cam. Patrimonial patrimonialis of or belonging to the inheritance goods or Patrimony left by a Father to his Children Patrizare patrizo from the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to resemble his Father to do as his Father did to be the Fathers own childe in condition Patrocinate patrocinor to defend those that are poor and falsely accused to uphold bear out and maintain ones right and quarrel Liberty of Prophecying Patronal patronalis of or belonging to a Patron Advocate or Defender done in remembrance of a Patron Patronymical patronymicus derived from the Fathers or Ancestors name Patulicate patulico to be opened or made wide Pauciloquent pauciloquus that speaketh little Paucitie paucitas small number fewness brevity Paâ—efie pavefacio to make afraid to fright Pavice from the Ital. Pavése a great large Shield or Target that covers the whole body Sir Tho. More Pavid pavidus fearful timerous quaking starting Pavidity paviditas dread fear timerousness Pavillion Lat. Papilio Fr. Pavillon a Tent for war a Tabernacle Pavin Fr. Paváne a kind of Dance perhaps so called à pavienda terra of paving the ground Min. Paul Hebr. wonderful or rest But the learned Baronius drawing it from the Latin makes it little or humble Cam. Paunage from the Fr. panage or pasnage signifies in our Common Law the money taken by the Agistors for feeding Hogs with the Mast of the Kings Forest Cromp. Juris fol. 165. Agistment says Manwood is properly the common of herbage of any kind of ground Land or Woods or the money due for the same and Pawnage is most properly the Mast of the Woods or Hedgerowes or the money arising by it Mr. Skene calls it Pannagium and defines it to be the Duty given to the King for the pasturage of Swine in the Forest Pavoisade Fr. any Target-fence that of Galleys whereby the slaves are defended from the small shot of the enemy Cot. Pavonine pavoninus of or belonging to a Peacock or a Peahen Pavor Lat. great fear and dread Pausade Fr. a pausing resting or reposing also a resting seat or place Pearch or Perche pertica Fr. perche a Rod or Pole whereby land is measured the most usual contains sixteen foot and a half in length whereof forty in length and four in breadth make an Acre of ground Cromp. jurisd fol. 222. But in several Countries they are of several lengths as in Staffordshire twenty four foot in the Forrest of Sherwood twenty five foot See more in Skene Verbo Partica ta terrae Pearl the least Character for Printing see Character Peccadillo Span. Fr. peccadille a little crime a small fault a venial sin Peccaminous from peccamen inis full of sins Peccator Lat. a sinner or offender Pecâ—aâ—t from pecco I have sinned offended or done amiss Pecorous pecorosus full of Cattel or where many Cattel are Pectnâ—s from pecten a comb Dr. Br useth it for such fish whose ribs are straight as Soals Thornback Flounders c. because their back-bone and ribs do in some sort resemble a comb Pectinate pectino to kemb to harrow corn while it is in grass to rake corn together Pâ—ctoral pectorale a brest-plate or defence for the brest a Peitrel Poitrel or Stomacher In Physick it signifies a Lozenge or Medicine good for the stomack Pectoral pectoralis that belongs to the Brest or stomack Pecuarious pecuarius serving for or belonging to Beasts or Cattel Peculator Lat. that robs the Prince or common Treasure Peculiar peculiaris private proper ones own particular pertaining to some one Peculiate peculio to punish by the purse to take away a mans goods also to enrich Pecuniary pecuniarius pertaining to money The Heathens say the Impress of a sheep was stamped on their first coyn and from thence their money was called pecunia from pecus Greg. Pedage pedagium signifies money given for the passing by foot or horse through a Forest or other place Shep. Epit. Pedagogue paedagogus a bringer up of children a Tutor Scoolmaster Pedant Pedagogism the office of a Pedagogue Pâ—dal pedalis of a foot measure or space Pedality pedalitas ableness of foot a measuring by or going on foot Pedaneous pedaneus that goes on foot Pedant Fr. an ordinary Schoolmaster a Teacher of A B C. Pedanteries Fr. pedantick humors phrase affectings Inkhorn terms Br. Pedantism Fr. the Office or function of a Pedant Pedition pedatio a staking propping or setting up vines Pedaturâ— pedatura a proportion of digging building c. of so many foot assigned to Souldiers or workmen Pedee from pes a Commanders Foot-boy Pederastie paederastia the loving of young boys commonly taken in the ill part as signifying the abuse of them against kind Pedestal pedestella the foot or basis to support a pillar or any peece of work a footstal a stirrop Pedestrial from pedester that goeth on foot belonging to the foot Pâ—diculous pediculosus lowsie or full of lice Pedid paedidus filthy sluttish slinking Pedicle pediculus a little foot also the stalk of a leaf or any fruit Pedo-Baptism paedo-baptismus the baptizing of Children Infant-baptism Pedomancy Gr. a kind of divination by the lines of the soles of the feet Pedor paedor sluttishness uncleanness stink and filthiness in
all and not to any one in particular The Pilgrim might go at his own charge the Palmer must profess wilful poverty The Pilgrim might give over his profession the Palmer must be constant till he had obtained the Palm that is victory over his spiritual enemies and life by death Chauc Pillaâ—e a kind of ordinanary meat among the Turks which is no other then Rice sod with the fat of Mutton Pilosity pilositas hairiness roughness Bac. Pilot Ital. Pilóta a Steersman he that directs the course of a ship the Belgick call him a Lootsman see Lodemenage Pilotage or Pilotism the Office or art of a Pilot the skilful guiding or conduct of a ship Pimpleaâ— from Pimplea a Fount in Macedon sacred to the Muses and is therefore often used as an Epithete for them Pin as he is in a merry Pin it was an antient kind of Dutch artificial drunkenness the cup commonly of wood had a pin about the middle of it and he was accounted the man who could nick the pin by drinking even to it whereas to go above or beneath was a forfeiture This devise was of old the cause of so much debauchery in England that one of the constitutions of a Synod held at Westminster in the year 1102. was to this effect That Priests should not go to publick Drinkings nec ad Pinnas bibant nor drink at Pins Pinguefie pinguefacio to make fat or gross some have used pinguedinize in the same sence Pinguedinous pinguedinosus that is fat gross rude or unweildy Piniferous pinifer which beareth Pine-trees Pinnigerous pinniger that hath fins finned like a fish Pinsor Lat. that brayes or stamps in a Morter a Baker Pirules two small Tablets in the Alhidada of an Astrolabe having in them two little holes through which the height of the Sun c. is taken some call them the sights of the Alhidada Cot. Pioner or Pionor from the Fr. Pionniâ—r a laborer in an Army used to cast trenches or undermine Forts Ann. 2 3. Ed. 6. cap. 20. Pipation pipatio a cry of one that weeps Pipe Fr. a measure of Wine or Oyl containing half a Tun that is One hundred twenty and six Gallons An. 1. R. 3. cap. 13. Piepowders Court or a Pourt of Pypoudre from the Fr. pied a foot and pouldreux dusty is a Court held in Fairs for the redress of all disorders committed there which because they are most frequented in Summer the word was given of the dusty feet of the comers Of this see Cromp. Juris fol. 221. Piquant Fr. pricking sharp piercing stinging nipping Mr. Montagu in his Miscel Piqueron see Picqueron Piquy see Character Piramid see in Py Piratical piraticus of or belonging to a Pirate or Robber on the Sea Pirate-like Piromantie see in Py Pirenean of or pertaining to the fountain Pirene at the foot of the mountain Acrocorinthus fained to have been made by the horse Pegasus dashing his foot against a rock Piscary piscaria a fish-market or place where fish are Piscary in our Common Law signifies a liberty of fishing in another mans waters Piscation piscatio a fishing Dr. Br. Piscicle pisciculus a little fish Piscinal piscinalis of or belonging to a Fish-Pond Pisculent pisculentus full of fishes or that may be fished Pissâ—sphaâ— pissasphalium Pitch mingled with Bitumen either by accident or art the former is much the better and comes from Apollonia in Epiâ—s where it first received that mixture Coâ— Pâ—ssuâ—mâ—st or the Stone is a disease in a Horse when he would fain stale but cannot at all and therefore may well be called the suppression of the Urine Markham Pistacâ—oes pistachia a kind of small nuts called Pistake nuts that grow in Syria and are sold by Apothecaries The word in the Persian tongue signifies small nuts Pistrius pistrina a Bake-house a Mill or grinding house Pistick pisticus pressed or bruised Pistillation from pistillum a pounding or braying with a Pestil in a Mortar Pistorical or pistorian pistoricus belonging to a Baker baking or Pastry Pithian Games See Pyth. Pituitous pituitosus full of flegm flegmatick waterish Br. Pix see Pyx Placable placabilis easie to be pleased or appeased soon qualified Placability placibilitas when a person is easie to be appeased or pacified gentleness Placard Fr. plaquard an Inscription set up a Table wherein Laws Orders c. are written and hung up also a Bill or Libel set upon a post In our Common Law it is taken for a licence whereby a man is permitted to maintain unlawful Games 2 3 â—h and Mar. ca. 7. Placidity placiditas quietness peaceableness Placid placidus gentle patient milde peaceable Placit placitum a firm consent or opinion a Decree or Ordinance Plagiary plagiarius one that steals or takes free people out of one Country and sells them in another for slaves a stealer or suborner of mens children or servants for the same or like purpose in which sense we term him a Slockster also a Book-stealer or book thief one that fathers other mens works upon himself Cot. a Court kept in Haven Towns as Swainmot in the Forest It is sometimes called the Portmoot Court An. 43. Eliz. 15. Portsale Ann. 35 H. 8. cap. 7.1 sale of fish presently upon return in the Haven Among the antient Romans those things were rightly sold in Portsale which were publickly sold Per Praeconem sub hasta i. by the Cryer under a Spear sticked up for that purpose and some Magistrate making good the sale by delivery of the goods which were sold to him who would bid most for them Sigonius Posade Fr. a lighting down of Birds a laying down a burthen a breathing pause resting or resting place from the Span. Posada an Inn. Pose a Physical term signifying a rheume or humor which falls into the Nose stopping the Nostrils and hindering the voyce Possessive possessivus pertaining to possession or property Posterganeous posterganeus belonging to the backside or hinder part of the body Posteriority posterioritas the being or coming after or behinde It is a word of comparison and relation in tenure the correlative whereof is priority for a man holding Lands or Tenements of two Lords holds of his antienter Lord by priority and of his latter by posteriority Stawnf Praerog fol. 10.11 Posthume posthumus a childe born after the Fathers death and by Metaphor a Book published after the Authors death It is sometimes used for a mans Christen name Posthumian postumus following or to come that shall be Postick posticus that dwels on the backside that is behinde us Postil postillum a short exposition upon the Gospel wherein more is observed then hath been by others so called from these words Postillos dies which are very frequent in holy Writ Postulon Fr he that rides upon the sixth Coach-horse a guide or Post-boy Postlimintage postliminium a return of one who was thought to be dead and so restored to his house not by going over the threshold but by making a hole in the wall a Law whereby
fire will grow hot no higher then the liqour in them ariseth Dr. Br. Porcine porcina of or belonging to an Hog hoggish Porculation porculatio feeding or fatting of Swine bringing up of Hogs Pores pori small and unsensible holes of the skin whereby the sweat and vapors pass out of the body Porose or Porous porosus full of pores or little holes Bac. Porosity porositas poriness or the being full of pores Porphyry porphyrites a dark red Marble spotted with white Porphyry Chair a Chair of Porphyry Marble in the Cloister of St. John Lateran at Rome called Sedes Stercoraria because when the Pope takes possession of his Episcopal See in that Church at the intoneing the Verse Suscitans de terra inopem de stercore erigens pauperem Psal 113. he was carried from a side Chappel to the high Altar in that Chair to signifie that God had raised him from a low condition to that supreme Dignity The usual tale of this Chair is a meer fiction Porphyretick porphyreticus belonging to red Marble or purple Porrection porrectio a stretching or reaching out Porsyllogism is as it were an Auxiliary Syllogism to prove the main one Portable portabilis that may be born or carried Portate portatus a bearing or bringing Portculits from the Fr. porte and coler i. delabi a faling gate or door to let down to keep enemies from or in a City Portegue Fr. Portugaise a golden chain worth about 4 l. 10 s. sterl Portend portendo to signifie before a thing happens to foretel to betoken Portentifical portentificus which works wonders or whereby strange things are done Portentous portentosus monstrous betokening some mischance or fortune to come Portglaive Fr. a Sword-bearer Portgreve compounded of Port and greve or grave i. perfectus signifies with us the chief Magistrate in certain Port Towns And as Cam. saith in his Britan. p. 325 the chief Magistrate of London was termed by this name instead of whom Richard the first ordained two Bayliffs but presently after King John granted them a Major for their yearly Magistrate Porteguidon Fr. an Ensign-bearer to a troop of men at Arms. Portmanteau Fr. from the Span. Portar to carry and Mantea a Cloakbag or Male. Portmote compounded of Port and the Fr. Mot i. dictio or perdition as some have used it c. Predial or Prediatory praedialis of or belonging to Lands or Mannors Predial Tythes are of those things which arise yearly of the fruit and profit of the earth as of Wood Corn Hay c. See Mr. Shep. Epit. fol. 1004. Predial in French relates properly to a Meadow Prediator Lat. Praediator a Lawyer that is expert in Actions real or cases concerning Lands Predicable praedicabilis that may be told or spoken of abroad In Logick there are five Predicables otherwise called Porphyries five Terms viz. Genus Species Differentia Proprium Accidents and are called Predicables à praedicando because they are Attributes of all things Predicament praedicamentum a term in Logick whereof there are Ten in which every limited and bounded nature is ranked and disposed The first called Substance includes all substances whatsoever as the four Elements and all other creatures The second Quantity contains all quantities as 10 20 a yard a furlong a mile The third called Quality has under it all qualities as Wisdom Art Fortitude Diligence Sloth The fourth named Relation ss properly of such words as depend mutually one upon another as a Husband and Wife a Master and Servant The rest are 5. Action or doing 6. Passion or suffering 7. Where 8. When 9. â—cituation or place 10. The Habit or outward covering of a thing See Peripatetical Institutions Les 3.4 Predicament is sometimes used in ordinary discourse for state condition order or the like Predicate praedico to publish to say or tell openly to noise abroad In Logick it is used substantively and signifies the later part of a Proposition as in saying John is a Schollar the word Schollar is called the Predicate because it is spoken or affirmed of the subject John Prefect praefectus a Ruler Governor or President a Captain a Provost a Lord Mayor In old Rome the Prefect of the City had the hearing of all matters between Master and Servant Buyer and Seller Orphans and their Overseers c. But afterwards he did assume to himself authority to hear all causes whatsoever within a hundred miles of Rome Prefecture praefectura a Captainship a Lieutenantship an Authority or Rule an Office or little Jurisdiction Preference from praefero preferment advancement account before place above others Prefinition a determination before Pregnant praegnans great with child or young full of good sap and juyce pithy ripe lively strong Pregression praegressio a going before an out-going or over-passing a preventing Pregustation praegustatio a tasting or assaying before Preignotary see Protonotary Prejudicate praejudicatus fore-judged determined or condemned before Prelation praelatio a carrying or setting before preferment preference Prelect Either from praelectus read before or from praeelectus one chosen before another Preliminary see Liminary Preludium Lat. praeludium an entrance to a matter a proem In Musick a voluntary before the Song a flourish or preamble and as you would say signs and proffers Prelusion praelusio a playing before a flourish the same with praeludium Premature praematurus ripe before other or ripe before due time and season untimely coming too soon Premeditate praemeditor to muse and think on a thing before hand Premious praemiosus rich in money gifts presents and rewards Premission praemissio a sending before Premium praemium a reward given to him that doth any thing a recompence It is used in Schools for a reward given to that Schollar that says his Lesson or performs his Exercise well And among Merchants it is used for that sum of money as Eight or Ten per Cent. which the Ensured gives the Ensurer for ensuring the safe return of any Ship or Merchandize Premunire more properly Praemonere when any man for an offence committed shall incur a Praemunire it is meant he shall incur the same punishment which is inflicted on those that transgress the Statute made Anno 16. Ric. 2. cap. 5. commonly called the Statute of Praemunire and is to be out of the Kings protection to forfeit Lands and Goods and to be imprisoned c. See more in Fullers Hist p. 148. Premunition praemunitio a fortifying or fencing before-hand Prenotion praenotio a fore-knowing of a thing fore-knowledge Prenuncious praenuncius that first brings tidings that goes afore and tells news that signifies a thing to be at hand Preominate from prae and omen to presage or foretel Dr. Br. Preoccupate preoccupatus prevented over-reached taken aforehand Prepensed from the Fr. pre-pense fore-thought as malice prepensed in our Common Law is malice fore-thought Preponderate praepondero to poise or weigh more to ponder or examine before to be of great price or more worth Preposition praepositio a putting or setting before a part of speech
Reiver Fr. a Swartrutâ—r or Ruyter or German Horsman Also a fashion of long Cloaks usually worn by them see Swart-Ruiter Reiterate reitero to repeat to do or say a thing again Relatist from refero one that rehearseth or relateth a reporter Relative relativum which hath relation to some other thing Relaxate relaxo to loose to set at large to release to undo to refresh Relay from the Fr. Relais a term of Hunting when they set Hounds in readiness where they think a Deer will pass and cast them on after the other Hounds are past by Relief from the Lat. relevo a certain payment which some Heirs being at full age at the death of their Ancestor made to the Lord of whom their Lands were holden at their entrance Bract. l. 2. c. 36. Now taken away by Act 1656 ca 4. and a rent to be paid in lieu thereof Relegation relegatio a banishing a sending away a severing or exiling Where abjuration is in our Common Law a forswearing the Realm for ever Relegation is taken for a banishment for a time onely Shep. Relent relentesco to wax soft or limber also to grow pittiful or compassionate Relevate relevo to raise or list up again also to relieve or asswage Relict relictum a thing left or forsaken a remnant or arrearage It is commonly applied to a Widow who is called the Relict of such a one her deceased Husband Religate religo to tye hard or again to binde fast Reliquary Fr. reliquaire a Coffin Casket or Shrine wherein Relicks are kept Reliqueâ— reliquiae things left or remaining Sometimes taken for the bodies or some part of the bodies or somewhat which hath touched the bodies of Saints now in Heaven Reliquator Lat. he that is behinde in payment or in arrear he that hath in his hands some part of that which should be paid Reluctate reluctor to contend strive struggle or wrestle against Remaiâ—der remanentia signifies a power hope or possibility to enjoy Lands Tenements or Rents after the estate of another expired For example a man may let Land to one for term of his life the Remainder to another for term of his life Littleton chap. Atturnment fol. 113. Remancipate remancipo to sell again any thing to him who first sold it to us or to put again into his hands of whom we bought it Remansion remansio an abiding a tarrying behind a remaining Remigation remigatio a rowing or sailing back Remigration remigratio a returning a going back a coming again Reminiscence reminiscentia remembrance of things which were once before in mind Remissible from remitto remittable pardonable forgiveable releaseable Remissionary Fr. remissionaire whose offence is remitted Remonstrance from remonstro a warning admonition declaration a shewing or giving reasons Also an instrument so called by the Romanists and made of silver or gold to expose the blessed Sacrament on the Altar Râ—monsâ—rantâ— see Arminians Remora Lat. a little fish called a Suckstone or Sea Lamprey which cleaving to the Keel of a ship hinders the course of it Also a tarrying hindring or letting Remorse remorsus the worm or sting of conscience staggering of mind repentance for somewhat said or done Remunerate remunero to recompence reward or requite to give one gift for another received Renardism see Regnardism Rencontre Fr. a hap or adventure also a second meeting or encounter as of adverse Troops which on a sudden or by chance fall foul one on another an accidental getting or obtaining Also an apt or unpremeditated jest conceit or witty saying Rendevous Fr. Rendezvous q. rendez vous à le General a place appointed for the Assembly or meeting of Souldiers Renegado Span. Renegat Fr. one that abjures his Religion or forswears his Profession a Souldier that revolts or runs away from his own party to the enemy Renitence or Renitency from renitor a resistance a hard thrusting or endeavoring against It may also come from reniteo and then it signifies a bright shining or glistering Mr. Mont. Renodate renodo to undo or unknit a knot also to knit fast or again Reâ—ovate renovo to renew or make again to refresh or recreat to begin again Renversed Fr. Renversé over-turned over-thrown turned inside out or upside down perverted Renversed eyes are taken for decayed eyes or those that stand in the head Renumerate renumero to pay money again that was received to retel to recount to number again Renunciate renuncio to make relation to bring word again to report to proclaim or declare openly to tell what is done Renvoâ— Fr. a sending back a dismission a referring from one to another Repandous repandus bent bowed broad beneath Repartie Fr. a subdivision or re-division also a reply Repast repastus properly a feeding or eating again but in the Inns of Court it signifies a single meal taken in the Hall by any one of the Society who is not in Commons that week Repastinate repastino to dig again about Vines to alter grounds with often digging and laboring Repatriate repatrio to return again to ones Native Country Repensation repensatio a making recompence Repentine repentinus sudden unlooked for unawares Repercussiâ—e repercussus stricken or striking again beaten or cast back that which redoubles reflects or resounds or that hath power to drive back Repercussive from repercutio a Medicine that repels or drives pain from the place whereto it is applied Repertible from reperio which may be found gotten or recovered Repertitious repertitius that is found by adventure and sometimes by advice Repertory repertorium an Inventory of ones goods a Register List Roll or Index Repignerate repignero to redeem a pledge or gage also to replevy a distress Replete repletus full fat replenished filled Reâ—ievy Plevina is the bringing of the Writ called Repligiari facias by him that has his Cattel or other goods distrained by another for any cause and putting in surety to the Sheriff that upon delivery of the thing distrained he will prosecute the Action against the distrainer It is also used for the bailing a man Pl. Cor. fol. 72 73 74. Replication replicatio an unfolding a replying a confirmation of ones saying with new allegations See Rejoynder Report is a Relation of the opinion or judgement of a Referree upon any case or difference referred to his consideration by a Court of Justice most commonly the Chancery Reportator Lat he that carries back Reposition repositio a putting or setting again in his place a restitution Reposition of the Forest was an act whereby certain Forest grounds being made Purlieu upon view were by a second view laid to the Forest again Manw. part 1. pag. 178. Repository repositorium a Storehouse or Ware-house to keep things in Reprisal Fr. Reprisaillé a taking a resting or seising on for a distress or pledge also a Prize Reprisals are all one in the Common and Civil Law Est potestas pignorandi contra quemlibet de terra debitoris data creditori pro injuriis damnis acceptis This among the antient Romans was called
beareth scales scaly Square-number see Quadrate Squinant squinanthum the sweet rush which is very medicinable Camels meat Squinancy squinantia a swelling disease in the throat which causeth a difficulty in breathing the Squincy S.S. stand usually for Sacro-Sanctus or for Sacra Sciptura or for Sancti as S.S. Patres Sancti Patres Stability stabilitas firmness stableness soundness constancy Stabulate stabulo to stand or be as Cattel in a Stable or Stall to be housed as Beasts are to keep or stall up ones self Stade stadium a race for men or horses to run in also a proportion or measure of ground called also a Furlong whereof there are three sorts viz. The Italian containing one hundred twenty and five paces the Olympick of one hundred and twenty paces and the Pyâ—hick of two hundred paces all after five feet to the pace Of these Stades eight make an Italian mile containing one thousand paces see Furlong Staggaâ—d a red Male Deer four years old Stagirâ—te Aristotle so called from Stagira a Town in Macedonia where he was born Stallage Fr. Estallage signifies in our Common Law money paid for pitching stalls in Fair or Market see Scavage This in Scotland is called Stallange Skene verbo Stallongiatores And among the Romans it was termed Siliquaticum from siliqua their first and least of all weights Stallion from the Fr. Estallon or Ital. Stallóne a horse kept for covering Mares Stamineous stamineus pertaining to hemp or flax or that hath shreds in it Standard or Estandard from the Fr. Estandart an Ensign for Horsmen in War and is commonly taken for that of the King or chief General It is also used for the principal or standing measure of the King to the scantling whereof all the measures throughout the Land are or ought to be framed c. Magna Charta and confirmed 14 Edw 3. cap. 12. Of these Standards and Measures read Britton cap. 30. Stannaries Stannaria the Mines and Works touching the getting and purifying of Tin in Cornwal and other places of which works there are two sorts viz. Lode-work and â—tream-work See Cam. Brit. pag. 119. Stanza Ital. a Staff of Verses As Spencers Books are divided into Canto's and those again into Stanza's Staple Fr. Estape a Mart or general Market a publick Store-house in a Sea Town or Town of Traffick whither the Merchants of England by common Order or commandment did carry Wools Woolfels Cloaths Lead Tin c. which are the Staple Commodies of this Land for the utterance of them by the great Staple Inn near Holburn Bars now one of the Inns of Chancery was formerly an Inn or Hostel of the Merchants of the Staple and from thence took name Star Chamber a late Court at Westminster voted down by Act. Starrulet a dim of Star a little Star Stasiarch Gr. an Arch-rebel the head of a Sedition Stater Lat. an antient coyn of severall sorts The Corinthian Stater was worth 21 d. want a farthing The Macedonian Stater was worth about two shillings nine pence half penny The Golden Attick Stater weighed two drams and therefore worth seventeen shillings six pence But in Scripture it valued two Didrams for the tribute money to be paid for each person was Didrachmum Mat. 17.24 and a Stater was paid for two namely for Christ and St. Peter the value of it therefore was 2 s. 6 d. Staticks Gr. the science of weights and measures a species of Mechanicks Br. Station statio a standing place a Bay or Rode for ships to rest in also a place of resort abode or stay Station-staff is a strait Pole divided into feet and inches used by Surveyors in measuring Land Stationary stationarius appointed to keep ward in any place that is in a Garison setled standing Stationer so called of his station or standing shop to sell in is often confounded with Book-seller and sometimes with Book-binder whereas they are three several Trades the Stationer sells Paper and Paper-Books Ink Wax c. The Book-seller deals onely in printed Books ready bound and the Book-binder binds them but sells not Yet all three are of the Company of â—tationers Stative stativus pitched or set as a Fortress or pitched Camp also standing Statuary statuarius a Stone-cutter a Carver of Statues and Images Statuminate statumino to prop up to under-set to make sure Statute statutum signifies a Decree or Act of Parliament c. 2. It is a kind of Bond as Statute Merchant and Statute Staple An. 5. H. 4. cap. 12. The reason of which name is because those Bonds are made according to the form of certain Statutes which direct both before what persons and in what manner they ought to be made West par 1. Symb. lib. 2. sect 151.27 Ed. 3. ca. 9. and 23 Hen. 8.6 Statutes is also used in our vulgar talk for the petit Sessions which are yearly kept for the disposing of Servants in service by the Statutes of 1 and 5 Eliz. cap 4. Steccado Span Estacada a place railed in for a Combate or Lists Steel-yard see Stil-yard Steganâ—graphy Gr. a description of the way or manner of covering Edifices Stellar stellaris starry pertaining to a star Bac. Stellation stellatio a making star-like or adorning with stars also a blasting Stelled stellatus full of or garnished with stars Stelletto or Stiletto Ital. a little Ponyard or the small and sharp pointed Dagger Stelliferous stellifer that bears or has stars in it starry Stellion stellio the spotted or starry Lizard so called also an envious fellow or one that cannot endure another should be the better by him from the Stellion which having as he doth half yearly cast his skin a soverein remedy for the Falling-sickness presently devours it to deprive mankind of it Stellionate stellionatus a deceit in dissembling a thing to take profit by another unjustly a counterfeiting of merchandize a cousening or selling the same thing to several persons Lo Bac. Stem stemma a Garland of flowers a Race of Kindred the blood of a Gentile house Stenegraphy stenegraphia the Art of Short-writing or a description of reducing any thing in a narrower compass Stentor a Grecian that had a voyce lowder then fifty men together Hence we use Stentorian voyce for a great loud roaring voyce Stephen Gr. a Crown Step-mother so called because she steps in instead of a Mother by marrying the sons or daughters Father a Mother in Law Stercorean or Stercorarious stercorarius belonging to dung or muck Stercoration stercoratio a dunging or defiling with dung Sterile sterilis barren fruitless that cannot engender without generation yielding nothing Sterility sterilitas barrenness unfruitfulness Sterling is the old term or Epitheton for money currant in this Nation which thus took denomination In the time of Richard the First money coined in the East paâ—t of Germany began to be of special request in England for its purity was cal'd Easterling money as the Inhabitants of those parts were called Easterlings shortly after some of that Country skilful
with the belly upward negligence idleness Suppedaneous suppedaneus belonging to a foot-stool or any thing that is set under the feet Suppeditate suppedito signifies properly to relieve the skirmishers with footmen to supply or second with foot forces Metaphorically to give or minister sufficiently to supply or furnish what is wanting also to subdue or overcome Suppellecticarious suppellecticarius that pertains to houshold-stuff Suppilation suppilatio a stealing or pilfering Supplant supplanto à planta pedis to put under the foot to trip with the foot also to overthrow to deceive Supplant supplanto à sub planto to plant underneath to under-plant and set up a thing bending to the ground Supplement supplementum that supplies or makes up what is wanting in quantity or number a supply a filling up the number and places of Suppliant Fr. he that intreats humbly or makes supplication an humble suiter also used adjectively Supplicate supplico to beseech or intreat humbly to make humble request Supplice supplcium punishment correction pain torment it is also used for Prayer or Supplication and sometimes for Sacrifice Supplosion Supplosio a stamp or noise with the feet Supposititiâ—us See Subdititious Suppository suppositorium any thing put up into the fundament to make the body soluble it is commonly made of honey boiled til it grow thick and so made into an apt form for that purpose whereto somtime is added the Yolk of an Egg or Salt when we would have it work the effect more speedily It may be used adjectively for put or set under Supposted suppostus put or set under put in place of another suborned underset Suppuration suppuratio a mattaring a gathering of a Bile or Impostume into a Mattary-head a resolving into Mattar Suppurare says Min. is sub pelle pus agere Quia tunc efficiendum est ut materies apostematis in pus convertatur Supputation supputatio a pruyning or cutting Trees a counting or reckoning Supremacy the being of highest power or authority Supremity supremitas the estate of men after death the last or highest action of any thing Surannation Fr. a growing old stale or above a years date a Commission or Command not executed within the year and day Surbating Fr. Surbatture a beating under as when the Soles of the Feet after a great journey on foot are much beaten and sore Surcharge Fr. a new charg a charge upon a charge or burden upon burden Surcharge of the Forest is the commoning with more Beasts therein then one hath right to Surcle surculus a young Set or Slip a young Graff a Scion a Shoot a young Branch or Twig Surcoat Fr. Surcot an upper garment worn over another a Coat of Arms to wear over Armor Surcrew Fr. surcroist a Surplusage over-measure vantage amends also an overgrowing Surculate surculo to cut off shoots or sprigs from trees to prune trees Surculous surculosus full of shoots or sprigs Surd surdus deaf also he that speaks not insensible Surdity surditas deafness also muteness Surge from surgo a wave Surplusage Fr. Surplus signifies in our Common Law superfluity or addition more then needs which sometimes is a cause that the writ abates Brook tit Nugation and Superfluity fol. 100. Plowden casu Dive and Maningham f. 93. b. It is also sometimes applied to matter of account and signifies a greater disbursment then the charge of the Accomptant amounts to Surprizal Fr. surprinse a sudden taking an assaulting or coming upon a man before he is aware a taking tardy or finding in the manner Surrejoynder is a second defence of the Plaintiffs action opposite to the Defendants Rejoynder And therefore Hotoman calls it Triplicationem quae est secunda actoris defensio contra rei duplicationem opposita Nor doth Hotaman onely call this Triplicationem but the Emperor himself de Replicationibus lib. 4. Instit Titulo 14. Surrender sursum i redditio is an instrument testifying with apt words that the particular Tenant of Lands or Tenements for life or years doth sufficiently consent and agree that he who hath the next or immediate Remainder or Reversion thereof shall also have the particular estate of the same in possession and that he yields up the same unto him For every Surrender ought forthwith to give a possession of the things surrendred West part 1 lib. 2. sect 503. where you may read divers Presidents But there may be a Surrender without writing And therefore there is said to be a Surrender in Deed and a Surrender in Law Surrender in Deed is that which is really and sensibly performed Surrender in Law is intendment of Law by way of consequent and not actual Perkins Surrender fol. 606. and Seq As if a man have a Lease of a Farm and during the term he accept a new Lease this Act is in Law a Surrender of the former Coke vol. 6. fol 11. b. Surreptitious surreptitius stoln or done by stealth falsely come by that no man knows of Surrogate surrogo to put in place of another to make â— Deputy to appoint or put in ones room to substitute or subrogate A Surrogate is one substituted to supply the room of mother most commonly of a Bishop Sursengle Fr. Sursangle a long upper girth Survivor from the Fr. Survivre one that survives over-lives or out-lives another In Law it is taken for the longer liver of two Joyntenants or of any two joyned in the right of any thing Susan Hebr. Lilly or Rose Suzan in the Persian tongue signifies a Needle Susception susceptio an enterprize a taking a thing in hand an undertaking Susceptor Lat. an undertaker Mr Fuller uses it for a Godfather at Baptism Suscitation suscitatio an often stirring up a taking up a taking one out of his sleep a raising up a quickening Suspend suspendo to hang up or upon Also to delay to defer to stay or pause to keep one in suspence and doubt Suspension suspensio a hanging up also doubt incertainty of minde It is used for a temporal stop of a mans right and differs from Extinguishment in this that a right of estate suspended revives again but extinguished dies for ever Brook tit Extinguishment and Suspension f. 314. Supension is also sometimes used in our Common as it is in the Cannon Law pro minori Excommunicatione An. 24. H. 8. c. 12. Suspensories from suspensio or from the Fr. suspensoires certain cords or strings hanging from the Bed-stead for a sick man to take hold of and bear himself up with when he would remove or alter his lying Suspiral Fr. Souspiral a passage for air or breath to come in and go out at a bent or breathing hole hence the Tunnel of a Chimney the Window of a Seller the Mouth of a Cave or Den. In the Statute of 35 H. 8. cap. 10. is seems to be taken for a Spring of water passing under the ground towards a Conduit or Cestern Suspiration suspiratio a sighing an earnest desiring a sighing after or for one Susurrate susurro to whisper to mutter
fineness Tenure from tenere to hold is the manner whereby Lands and Tenements are holden of their Lords What may make a Tenure and what not See Perkins Reservations 70. By Act of Parl. 1656. ca. 4. all Tenures are now turned into free and common Soccage Tepefie tepefacio to make warm Tephragmantie Gr. divination by ashes blown or cast up in the air Tepid tepidus mean between cold and hot luke-warm also cold and nothing earnest in a matter Tepidity tepiditas lukewarmness Tepor idem Teraphim the Heb. word Taraph signifies in general the compleat image of a man in particular an Idol or Image made for mens private use in their own houses Gen. 31.30 Iudges 17.5 Teribinthine terebinthinus belonging to Turpentine or the tree out of which it issues Terebrate terebro to bore or make a hole with a wimble or awger to pierce to thirle Terebration terebratio a boring or piercing Bac. Tergeminous tergeminus three fold triple one of or the three born at the same time Tergiductor Lat. the hinder man or bringer up of a file of Soldiers Tergiment tergimentum that which is put into the scales to makes weight Tergiversation tergiversatio a flinching withdrawing shifting slinking shrinking back or dodging a non-suit in Law a hasting a runing away yet fighting still See Calumniate Termagant from ter and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. magnus thrice great or great in the superlative degree Sir W.D. Terminals terminalia feasts instituted to the honor of Terminus the god of Bounds and kept in February at the eighth Calends of March because between terminalia and refugium the odd days of the Leap year were put in Terminate termino to end to finish to bound to appoint or assign bounds or marches to limit Terminus the God of Bounds who was wont to end the strifes and controversies of Countrey people in dividing their lands See Lactantius l. 1. c. 20. Ternary Ternarious ternarius belonging to the number three Ternion ternio the number three Terra-sigillata Lat. an earth brought from the Isle Lemnos it was used to be sent from thence sealed therefore called sigillata and said to be good for curing wounds stopping fluxes expelling poisons c. Tertae-filius i. son of the earth the name of the Fool in the Acts at Oxford Terrene terrenus earthly that lives on the earth or is done on the earth Terrestrial Idem Terrestrify to make earthly or like earth Br. Terrar or Terrer from terra a particular or survey of a Mannor or of ones whole estate of lands containing the quantity of acres and boundaries thereof In the Exchequer there is a Terrar of all the Glebelands in England made about the II. of Edw. 3. Sometimes used for a suit-roll or catalogue of all the tenants and Residents names within a Mannor and what Lands they hold Terre-tenant i. tenens terram is he who hath the natural actual possession of the land which we otherwise call the occupation A. 39 Eliz. cap. 7. For example a Lord of a Mannor hath a Freeholder who lets out his free land to another this third person is called the Terre-tenant West part 2. Simb tit Fines sect 137. Terricrepant terricrepus that rebuketh terribly or bitterly Terrisonant terrisonus that sounds terribly Territory territorium the Country or Continent of land lying within the bounds of a City Town or Lordship Terrulent terrulentus earthy or earthly made of earth Terse tersus clean pure neat as a terse Oration i. neat or well-pen'd Tertiate tertio to Till ground or do any thing the third time to tri-fallow as they say in Herefordshire Tertiary tertiarius of or belonging to the third or the third sort tertian Tessera Lat. a thing in every part square as a Dye Also a watchword or signal a note mark or token c. Tesserarious tesserarius belonging to Tessera or a Dye Test is a broad instrument made of Maribone ashes hooped about with iron on which Refiners do fine refine and part gold and silver from other Mettals or as we use to say put them to the Test Testaceous testaceus made of tile brick or baked earth that hath a shell Testaceous animals are such as have shels as all shel-fish snails c. Testament testamentum i. testatio mentis the witness of of the minde as the last Will Testament is of which there are two sorts viz. nuncupatory and in writing The first is when a man being sick and for fear least death want of memory or speech should come so suddenly upon him that he should be prevented if he staid the writing his Will desires his neighbours and friends to bear witness of his last Will and then declares the same by words before them which after his decease being proved by the witnesses and put in writing by the Ordinary stands in as good force except for lands as if it had in his life time been put in writing c. Some distinguish Testaments from Wills as if the first concerned lands onely and the other personal estate Of this read the Duty of Executors Testamentatious testamentarius belonging to a Testament or last Will. Testation testatio a witness bearing Testator Lat. he that makes a Will or Testament Testatrix Lat. she that does so Testicular testicularis belonging to the stones of man or beast Teston Fr. a piece of silver coyn worth about 18 d. sterl Testification testificatio a proving by witness a witness-bearing Testudineous testudineus belonging to or bowing like the shell of a Tortoise vaulted Also pertaining to that antient War-engine called Testudo or to the Target-fence of both which see Godw. Anthol p. 180. Tetanical tetanicus that hath the crick in the neck or a kinde of cramp which holds the neck so stiff that it cannot bow Tetra Gr. four hence Tetracord tetrachordium an antient instrument with four strings but now it is taken for every fourth in the Scale of Musick or Gamut Tetrade Fr. a quaternity or mess the proportion or number of four Tetraglottical Gr. that hath or consists of four Tongues or Languages Tetragonal tetragonus that is four square as a tetragon or quadrangle Tetragrammaton Gr. that hath four letters The Hebrews so called the great Name of God Jehovah because in their language it was written with four letters and was held in such reverence among them that it was unlawful to pronounce it Tetralogie Gr. a speaking or writing in four parts Among the Antients it was a kind of Tragedy consisting of four Dramma's as the manner was when they contested to be presented at four several Festivals Tetrameter Gr. a kind of verse having but four feet or measures Tetraptote tetraptotum declined in four cases Tetrach Gr. a Governor of the fourth part of a Country Tetrarchy tetrachia the goverment of the fourth part of a Country or a government of the whole by four persons Tetrastick tetrastichon a sentence or Epigram comprised in four verses Tetrasyllabical tetrasyllabicus that hath or contains four syllables
Verst Wisard or Wizard perhaps from the Sax Witega i. a Prophet or Foreteller of things to come a cunning man the Hebrews describe him thus he put in his mouth the bone of a Beast named by them Jadua and burned Incense and did other things till he fell down with shame and spake with his mouth things that are to come We commonly take him for a kinde of Witch or one that can tell where things are that were lost c. Wiseacre from the Belg. Waerseygher ex Waer i. veritas Sagen dicere one that knows or tells truth we commonly use it in malam partem for a Fool. Wisâ—men of Greece were seven See Solon Witch is derived from the Dutch Witchelen or Witchelen which properly signifies whinnying and neighing like a Horse also to foretel or prophecy and Witcheler signifies a Soothsayer for that the Germans from whom our Ancestors the Saxons usually descended did principally as Tacitus tells us divine and foretel things to come by the whinnying and neighing of their Horses Hinitu and Fremitu are his words For the definition Master Perkins cap. 1. saith Witchcraft is an art serving for the working of wonders by the assistance of the Devils so far as God will permit Delrio defines it to be An art which by the power of a contract entred into with the Devil some wonders are wrought which pass the common understanding of men Lib. 1. cap. 2. de Mag. Disq Wittal is a Cuckold that wits all or knows all that is knows himself to be so Woden among the old Saxons was honored for their god of Battel the word signifies Fire or Furious Hence we say when one is in great rage he is Wood and hence we call Wednesday instead of Wodnesday on which day he was chiefly honored See Verst 59. Wold See Weald Seven Wonders of the World were these 1. The Pyramides 2. Mausolaeum 3. The Temple of Ephesus 4. The Walls of Babylon 5. The Colossus of Rhodes 6. The Statue of Jupiter Olympicus And 7. The Pharus or Watch Tower built by Ptolomaeus Philadelphus Wooldrivers An. 2 3. Ph. Ma. cap. 13. are those that buy wool abroad in the Country of the Sheepmasters and carry it on horse-back to the Clothiers or Market Towns to sell again Woolstaple See Staple Woolwinders are such as winde up Fleeces of Wool to be pack'd and sold by weight into a kind of bundle after it is cleansed as it ought to be by Statute And to avoid such deceipt as the owners were wont to use by thrusting in Locks of refuse Wool and such other dross to gain weight they are sworn to perform that Office truly between the owner and the Merchant See the Statute of 8. H. 6. c. 22.23 H. 8. c. 17. And 18 Eliz. c. 25. Wranglands seem to be misgrown Trees that will never prove Timber Kitchin fol. 169.6 Wreath a Boars-tail so called by Huntsmen also in Heraldry it is that which is placed between the Mantle and the Crest being most commonly made of two coloured silks wreathed together called also a Torce Wreck From the Fr. Varech is where a ship perishes at Sea and no person escapes alive out of it the Civilians call it Naufragium This Wreck being made the goods that were in any part of the Ship being brought to Land by the waves belong to the King by his Prerogative or to him to whom he has granted this priviledge An. 17 Edw. 2. cap. 11. But if any person in the Ship come to land it is on Wreck or if either Dog or Cat escape alive the goods are the owners still so he comes within a year and a day to claim them And for this the Statute is plain VVestm 1. cap. 4. An. 3 Ed. 1. The Emperors of Rome made no advantage of this sad event as appears Titulo de Naufragiis 11. Cod. And Richard the first had some remorse of poor Seamens miseries in this case for he quietum clamavit VVreck suis subditis Hoved. Part. post Annal. f. 386. Wroth from the Belg. Wreedt angry cruel fierce inhumane Wreke from the Belg. Wreken to avenge or revenge Wurt or Wort Sax. an Herb and Kelewurt now Colewurt aâ— Herbe much used for pottage in time of old The City Wirtsberg in Germany in Latin Herbipolis had that name from the abundance of Worts or Herbs which grew about the Hill sides by that Town Verst X. XEnodochy Xenodochium an Hospital Xeriff the name by which some Princes of Barbary are instiled Xerophagy xerophagia the eating dry meats Xerophthalmy xerophthalmia soreness or blearedness of the eyes when they neither swell nor run but onely look somewhat red having little or no pain but a kinde of itching Xilinous xilinus of or belonging to Cotten Xylobalsamum Gr a sweet and odoriferous wood whereof Baulm naturally comes Xylopolist Xylopola a Woodmonger or one that sells Wood or Timber Y. YArdland virgata terrae so called from the Sax. Gyrlander is not the same quantity in all places for in some Countries it contains twenty acres in some twenty four in some thirty according to Mr Lambert This Yardland Bracton calls Virgatam Terrae Lib. 2. cap. 10. 27. but he expresseth no certainty what it contains Mr Noy in his Compleat Lawyer pag. 57. saith two Fardels of Land make a Nook and four Nooks make a Yard-land and four Yardlands make a Hide of Land and four but some say eight Hides make a Knights Fee the relief wherof is five pounds and so ratably Year annus was divided by Julius Caesar into twelve moneths fifty two weeks three hundred sixty and five dayes and six hours wanting eleven minutes which odd six hours every Leap or fourth year make the odd day in February The moneth is the twelfth part of the Solary year the week is neer the fourth part of the moneth the natural week day a seventh part of the week the Quadrant the fourth part of the day the hour the sixth part of the Quadrant the Point the fourth part of the hour the Moment or Minute about the fifteenth part of the Point c. The Greeks observed the Lunary year that is twelve revolutions of the Moon three hundred fifty and four dayes Br. Yeoman or Yeihan seems to be one word made by contraction of two Danish words Young Men which I gather out of Canutus's Charter of the Forest Part 1. fol. 1. num 2. in these words Sunt sub quolibet horum quatuor ex mediocribus hominibus quos Angli Legespend nuncupant Dani verò Young Men vocant locati qui curam onus tum viridis tum veneris suscipiant These Mr Camden Brit. pag. 150. placeth next in order to Gentlemen calling them ingenuos whose opinithe Statute affirms Anno 16 Rich. 2. cap. 4. Sir Thomas Smith in his Repub Angl. lib. 1. cap. 23. calls him a Yoman whom our Laws call Legalem hominem which says he is in English a Freeman born that may dispend of his own Free-land in