the_o three_o have_v the_o assent_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n to_o make_v they_o law_n now_o the_o word_n progenitor_n in_o the_o statute_n must_v i_o conceive_v go_v high_o than_o ric._n 1._o for_o bracton_n a_o learned_a judge_n who_o flourish_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o so_o by_o a_o reasonable_a computation_n of_o time_n may_v be_v suppose_v to_o have_v live_v in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o ric._n 1._o or_o beginning_n of_o king_n john_n after_o he_o have_v declare_v to_o posterity_n that_o he_o have_v bend_v his_o mind_n ad_fw-la vetera_fw-la judicia_fw-la perscrutanda_fw-la diligenter_fw-la non_fw-la sine_fw-la vigiliis_fw-la &_o labour_v and_o whatsoever_o he_o find_v notatu_fw-la dignum_fw-la he_o reduce_v in_o unam_fw-la summam_fw-la perpetuae_fw-la memoriae_fw-la commendanda_fw-la conclude_v this_o dorso_fw-la point_n thus_o cum_fw-la legis_fw-la vigorem_fw-la habeat_fw-la quicquid_fw-la de_fw-la consilio_fw-la &_o 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ne_fw-fr soit_fw-fr per_fw-la assent_n de_fw-mi voz_fw-mi commune_v ne_fw-fr que_fw-fr vous_fw-fr dite_fw-fr commune_v ne_fw-fr soient_fw-fr obligez_fw-fr per_fw-la nulle_v constitution_n q'il_v font_n pur_fw-mi lour_v avantage_fw-fr sanz_fw-fr assent_n de_fw-fr voz_fw-mi dite_fw-fr commune_v car_fw-fr eux_fw-fr ne_fw-fr veullent_fw-fr estre_fw-fr obligez_fw-fr nul_fw-fr de_fw-fr voz_fw-mi estatuz_fw-fr ne_fw-fr ordinance_n faitz_fw-fr sanz_fw-fr lour_v assent_n fortescue_n cap._n 8._o pag._n 40._o tell_v we_o sed_fw-la non_fw-la sic_fw-la angliae_fw-la statuta_fw-la oriri_fw-la possunt_fw-la dum_fw-la nedum_fw-la principis_fw-la voluntate_fw-la sed_fw-la &_o totius_fw-la regni_fw-la assensu_fw-la ipsa_fw-la conduntur_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la statuta_fw-la licet_fw-la tanta_fw-la solennitate_fw-la &_o prudentia_fw-la edita_fw-la efficaciae_fw-la tantae_fw-la quantae_fw-la conditorum_fw-la cupiebat_fw-la intentio_fw-la non_fw-la esse_fw-la contingant_fw-la concito_fw-la reformari_fw-la ipsa_fw-la possunt_fw-la &_o non_fw-la sine_fw-la communitatis_fw-la &_o procerum_fw-la regni_fw-la illius_fw-la assensu_fw-la quali_fw-la ipsa_fw-la primitus_fw-la emanarunt_fw-la and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o ancient_a law_n and_o right_n of_o the_o kingdom_n appear_v by_o the_o answer_n of_o e._n 1._o a_o o_o 22._o of_o his_o reign_n to_o the_o petition_n of_o the_o whole_a clergy_n of_o england_n for_o the_o clergy_n have_v give_v the_o king_n medietatem_fw-la omnium_fw-la 1._o bonorum_fw-la tam_fw-la temporalium_fw-la quam_fw-la spiritualium_fw-la complain_v that_o the_o immunity_n of_o the_o church_n laesa_fw-la fuit_fw-la &_o violata_fw-la petiit_fw-la à _fw-la rege_fw-la quosdam_fw-la articulos_fw-la rege_fw-la jubente_fw-la jussit_fw-la enim_fw-la rex_fw-la postquam_fw-la votis_fw-la ipsius_fw-la paruerant_fw-la in_o give_v the_o subsidy_n ut_fw-la ipsi_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la peterent_fw-la remedia_fw-la quae_fw-la vellent_fw-la et_fw-la petierunt_fw-la imprimis_fw-la ut_fw-la statutum_n de_fw-la manu_fw-la mortua_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o praejudicium_fw-la sanctae_fw-la matris_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la fuit_fw-la editum_fw-la deleretur_fw-la cui_fw-la quidem_fw-la articulo_fw-la respondit_fw-la rex_fw-la quod_fw-la idem_fw-la statutum_n de_fw-la consilio_fw-la magnatum_fw-la suorum_fw-la so_o phrased_a by_o the_o historian_n fuerat_fw-la editum_fw-la &_o ordinatum_fw-la &_o absque_fw-la eorum_fw-la consilio_fw-la non_fw-la erat_fw-la revocandum_fw-la but_o a_o more_o certain_a authority_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o statute_n be_v make_v per_fw-la commune_fw-la â—5_n concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliament_n as_o appear_v by_o rot._n claus._n 7_o e._n 1._o m._n 5._o dorso_fw-la rot._n pat._n 10_o e._n 1._o m._n 13._o and_o then_o the_o commons_o be_v unquestionable_o a_o essential_a part_n and_o join_v in_o the_o make_v the_o statute_n the_o six_z argument_n from_o the_o form_n of_o pen_v of_o 〈◊〉_d of_o parliament_n and_o expression_n in_o record_n in_o 49_o 51_o 54_o h._n 3._o where_o it_o be_v pretend_v the_o commâ—ns_n first_o begin_v to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n which_o agree_v with_o the_o phrase_n of_o record_n of_o act_n of_o parliament_n before_o that_o time_n the_o king_n write_v to_o the_o bishop_n 〈…〉_z of_o london_n and_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o province_n of_o canterbury_n that_o his_o heart_n be_v wound_v 〈…〉_z to_o dolore_fw-la that_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o other_o rebel_n have_v by_o crafty_a persuasion_n circumvent_v pro_fw-la 〈…〉_z r_o prince_n edward_n &_o ad_fw-la partem_fw-la svam_fw-la proditoriâ—_n aâ—â—axeâ—unt_fw-la proprii_fw-la contemptu_fw-la sacrament_n contra_fw-la formam_fw-la de_fw-la nostro_fw-la &_o ejusdem_fw-la silii_fw-la nostri_fw-la praelatorum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la &_o communitatis_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la unanimi_fw-la assensu_fw-la &_o voluntate_fw-la nuper_fw-la london_n provisam_fw-la the_o king_n per_fw-la le_fw-fr 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ask_v where_o be_v the_o commons_o before_o h._n 1._o give_v they_o authority_n to_o meet_v in_o parliament_n dr._n heylin_n find_v another_o beginning_n 〈…〉_z and_o say_v that_o h._n 2._o who_o be_v duke_n of_o anjou_n be_v the_o first_o institutor_n of_o our_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v a_o anjovian_a he_o learn_v in_o france_n but_o i_o can_v find_v that_o any_o of_o those_o ever_o suppose_a the_o commons_o be_v first_o introduce_v in_o parliament_n 49_o h._n 3._o by_o rebellion_n nor_o be_v this_o opinion_n entertain_v by_o any_o author_n i_o can_v meet_v with_o anno_fw-la 1529._o 21_o h._n 8._o for_o in_o a_o answer_n of_o that_o great_a and_o excellent_a person_n sir_n thomas_n more_o lord_n 296._o chancellor_n of_o england_n in_o his_o supplication_n of_o soul_n against_o the_o supplication_n of_o beggar_n discourse_v about_o king_n john_n make_v in_o the_o 14_o the_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o three_o year_n before_o his_o grant_v magna_n charta_fw-la the_o realm_n tributary_n to_o the_o pope_n declare_v his_o judgement_n without_o any_o doubt_n or_o hesitation_n and_o therein_o as_o i_o take_v it_o the_o universal_a tradition_n and_o belief_n of_o all_o learned_a man_n of_o that_o and_o precedent_a time_n that_o the_o clergy_n and_o all_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o of_o the_o realm_n make_v the_o parliament_n in_o the_o age_n of_o king_n john_n and_o that_o never_o can_v any_o king_n of_o england_n give_v away_o the_o realm_n to_o the_o pope_n or_o make_v the_o land_n tributary_n without_o their_o grant_n who_o book_n and_o so_o his_o opinion_n we_o find_v approve_v of_o and_o publish_v by_o a_o grave_n and_o learned_a judge_n of_o the_o kingdom_n mr._n justice_n 〈◊〉_d rastall_a and_o dedicate_v to_o queen_n mary_n herself_o an._n 1557._o not_o much_o above_o a_o century_n ago_o the_o nine_o argument_n from_o the_o comparison_n of_o the_o ancient_a generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la or_o parliament_n of_o ireland_n instance_a an._n 38_o h._n 3._o with_o we_o in_o england_n wherein_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v which_o be_v eleven_o year_n before_o the_o pretend_a beginning_n of_o the_o commons_o here_o as_o great_a a_o right_n and_o privilege_n sure_o be_v and_o ought_v to_o be_v allow_v to_o the_o english_a subject_n as_o be_v to_o the_o irish_a before_o 49_o h._n 3._o and_o if_o that_o be_v admit_v and_o that_o their_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la or_o parliament_n have_v its_o platform_n from_o we_o as_o i_o think_v will_v not_o be_v deny_v by_o any_o that_o have_v consider_v the_o history_n and_o record_n touch_v that_o land_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o two_o ensue_a record_n an._n 38_o h._n 3._o clear_o evince_v that_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v then_o a_o part_n of_o their_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n that_o king_n be_v in_o partibus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d transmarinis_fw-la and_o the_o queen_n be_v leave_v regent_n
make_v ecclesiastical_a law_n concern_v marriage_n etc._n etc._n and_o do_v other_o thing_n ad_fw-la concordiam_fw-la publicam_fw-la promovendam_fw-la per_fw-la commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la &_o assensum_fw-la omnium_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la &_o principum_fw-la procerum_fw-la comitum_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la sapientum_fw-la seniorum_fw-la &_o populorum_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la 3._o and_o we_o read_v elsewhere_o 1._o that_o the_o grand_a league_n and_o union_n between_o the_o briton_n saxon_n and_o pict_n be_v conclude_v and_o confirm_v per_fw-la commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la &_o assensum_fw-la omnium_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la procerum_fw-la comitum_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la sapientum_fw-la seniorum_fw-la &_o populorum_fw-la &_o per_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la regis_fw-la inae_fw-la 4._o anno_fw-la dom._n 905._o plegmundus_n 75._o cantuar._n archiepiscopus_fw-la unacum_fw-la rege_fw-la magnifico_n cognominato_fw-la edwardo_n seniore_fw-la concilium_fw-la magnum_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la abbatum_fw-la fidelium_fw-la procerum_fw-la &_o populorum_fw-la in_o provincia_n gewisorum_n in_o illa_fw-la parte_fw-la angliae_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o plaga_fw-la australi_fw-la sita_fw-la est_fw-la fluminis_fw-la thamesis_n convocant_fw-la etc._n etc._n unde_fw-la salubriter_fw-la constitutum_fw-la est_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la synodo_fw-la ut_fw-la 〈◊〉_d pro_fw-la duobus_fw-la episcopis_fw-la quorum_fw-la unus_fw-la wintoniae_fw-la alter_fw-la sireburniae_fw-la sedem_fw-la habuit_fw-la quinque_fw-la crearentur_fw-la antistites_fw-la ne_fw-la grex_fw-la domini_fw-la pastorum_fw-la cura_fw-la orbatus_fw-la luporum_fw-la lanienae_fw-la &_o voracitati_fw-la subjicerentur_fw-la and_o there_o be_v several_a other_o law_n then_o make_v william_n of_o malmsbury_n 24._o express_v the_o saxon_a wittena_n gemott_n thus_o generalis_fw-la senatus_n &_o populi_n conventus_fw-la &_o edictum_fw-la sir_n henry_n spelman_n convenere_fw-la 261._o regni_fw-la principes_fw-la tam_fw-la episcopi_fw-la quam_fw-la magistratus_fw-la liberique_fw-la homines_fw-la consulitur_fw-la de_fw-la communi_fw-la salute_n the_o pace_n &_o bello_fw-la &_o de_fw-la utilitate_fw-la publica_fw-la promovenda_fw-la camden_n thus_o quod_fw-la saxones_n 63._o olim_fw-la wittena_n gemot_n nos_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la &_o pananglicum_fw-la recte_fw-la dici_fw-la possit_fw-la summamque_fw-la &_o sacrosanctam_fw-la authoritatem_fw-la habet_fw-la in_o legibus_fw-la ferendis_fw-la confirmandis_fw-la antiquandis_fw-la interpretandis_fw-la &_o in_fw-la omnibus_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la reipublicae_fw-la salutem_fw-la spectant_fw-la and_o so_o we_o find_v edward_n the_o confessor_n reform_v and_o confirm_v the_o ancient_a saxon_a law_n and_o make_v new_a one_o and_o that_o do_v à _fw-la rege_fw-la baronibus_fw-la &_o 139._o populo_fw-la as_o particular_o in_o the_o law_n de_fw-fr apibus_fw-la how_o tithe_n ought_v to_o be_v pay_v of_o they_o and_o other_o thing_n hence_o it_o be_v apparent_a and_o past_a all_o contradiction_n that_o the_o commons_o in_o those_o age_n be_v a_o essential_a part_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n in_o make_v and_o ordain_v law_n by_o which_o themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n be_v to_o be_v govern_v and_o that_o 237._o the_o law_n be_v then_o the_o golden_a metwand_n and_o rule_n which_o measure_v out_o and_o allow_v the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o when_o obstruct_v or_o deny_v to_o either_o make_v the_o kingdom_n deform_v and_o leprous_a that_o great_a monarch_n aethelstan_n in_o his_o prologue_n to_o his_o law_n make_v per_fw-la commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la thus_o declare_v and_o admit_v ea_fw-la mihi_fw-la vos_fw-la tantummodo_fw-la 841._o comparatis_fw-la velim_fw-la quae_fw-la just_a ac_fw-la legitime_fw-la parare_fw-la possitis_fw-la neque_fw-la enim_fw-la mihi_fw-la ad_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la usum_fw-la quicquam_fw-la injust_a acquiri_fw-la cupiverim_fw-la etenim_fw-la cum_fw-la ea_fw-la ego_fw-la vobis_fw-la lege_fw-la vestra_fw-la omne_fw-la benign_a largitus_fw-la sim_fw-la ut_fw-la mea_fw-la mihi_fw-la vos_fw-la itidem_fw-la concedatis_fw-la i_o have_v pass_v over_o the_o danish_a government_n because_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o there_o be_v any_o great_a mutation_n either_o of_o the_o council_n or_o law_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n it_o be_v true_a king_n knute_n obtain_v the_o diadem_n or_o dominion_n of_o england_n but_o it_o be_v as_o true_a he_o do_v not_o govern_v more_fw-mi victoris_fw-la as_o may_v evident_o be_v prove_v 1._o from_o 〈◊〉_d the_o form_n of_o pen_v his_o law_n they_o be_v ordain_v and_o confirm_v cum_fw-la consilio_fw-la &_o decreto_fw-la archiepiscoporum_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la abbatum_fw-la comitum_fw-la aliorumque_fw-la omnium_fw-la fidelium_fw-la word_n of_o a_o large_a comprehension_n 2._o from_o his_o general_a law_n or_o declaration_n of_o right_a to_o the_o english_a thus_o deliver_v to_o we_o by_o a_o faithful_a historian_n william_n of_o 16._o malmesbury_n who_o live_v near_o those_o time_n obtestor_n &_o praecipio_fw-la meis_fw-la consiliariis_fw-la quibus_fw-la regni_fw-la consilia_fw-la credidi_fw-la ne_fw-la ullo_fw-la modo_fw-la aut_fw-la propter_fw-la meum_fw-la timorem_fw-la aut_fw-la alicujus_fw-la potentis_fw-la personae_fw-la favorem_fw-la aliquam_fw-la injustitiam_fw-la amodò_fw-la consentiant_fw-la vel_fw-la faciant_fw-la pullulare_fw-la in_o omni_fw-la regno_fw-la meo_fw-la praecipio_fw-la etiam_fw-la omnibus_fw-la vicecomitibus_fw-la &_o praepositis_fw-la universis_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la sicut_fw-la meam_fw-la volunt_fw-la habere_fw-la amicitiam_fw-la aut_fw-la svam_fw-la salutem_fw-la ut_fw-la nulli_fw-la homini_fw-la nec_fw-la diviti_fw-la vel_fw-la pauperi_fw-la vim_o injustam_fw-la inferant_fw-la sed_fw-la omnibus_fw-la tam_fw-la nobilibus_fw-la quam_fw-la ignobilibus_fw-la sit_fw-la fas_fw-la justa_fw-la lege_fw-la potiundi_fw-la à _fw-la qua_fw-la nec_fw-la propter_fw-la favorem_fw-la regium_fw-la nec_fw-la propter_fw-la alicujus_fw-la potentis_fw-la personam_fw-la nec_fw-la propter_fw-la mihi_fw-la congerendam_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la ullo_fw-la modo_fw-la deviant_fw-la quia_fw-la nulla_fw-la mihi_fw-la necessitas_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la iniqua_fw-la exactione_n pecunia_fw-la mihi_fw-la congeratur_fw-la after_o which_o the_o historian_n say_v omnes_fw-la 21._o enim_fw-la leges_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquis_fw-la regibus_fw-la &_o maxim_n ab_fw-la antecessore_fw-la svo_fw-la ethelredo_fw-la latas_fw-la sub_fw-la interminatione_fw-la regiae_n mulctae_fw-la perpetuis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la observari_fw-la praecepit_fw-la in_fw-la quarum_fw-la custodia_fw-la etiam_fw-la nunc_fw-la tempore_fw-la bonorum_fw-la sub_fw-la nomine_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la juratur_fw-la non_fw-la quod_fw-la ille_fw-la statuerit_fw-la sed_fw-la quod_fw-la observaverit_fw-la 3._o under_o the_o norman_n king_n william_n the_o first_o though_o william_n the_o conqueror_n get_v the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o england_n and_o introduce_v several_a arbitrary_a law_n as_o new_a tenor_n etc._n etc._n yet_o do_v he_o never_o make_v such_o a_o absolute_a conquest_n nor_o do_v the_o kingdom_n receive_v so_o universal_a a_o change_n as_o our_o english_a modern_a author_n as_o it_o be_v by_o a_o general_a confederacy_n without_o examination_n of_o truth_n have_v publish_v to_o the_o world_n who_o father_n upon_o this_o revolution_n all_o the_o alteration_n which_o their_o conceit_n or_o fancy_n can_v imagine_v and_o suppose_v thucydides_n 1._o say_v man_n receive_v the_o report_n of_o thing_n though_o of_o their_o own_o country_n if_o do_v before_o their_o time_n all_o alike_o from_o one_o as_o from_o another_o without_o any_o examination_n in_o like_a manner_n have_v those_o our_o historian_n be_v mistake_v by_o transcribe_v and_o patch_v out_o their_o history_n one_o from_o another_o so_o that_o in_o conclusion_n with_o their_o own_o addition_n or_o comment_n truth_n in_o many_o thing_n be_v utter_o lose_v 1._o the_o word_n conquestor_n or_o conqueror_n do_v not_o in_o that_o age_n import_n or_o signify_v what_o our_o late_a author_n by_o flattery_n have_v since_o make_v it_o nor_o do_v it_o carry_v with_o it_o the_o enslave_v of_o the_o nation_n after_o that_o william_n have_v obtain_v the_o victory_n against_o harold_n there_o be_v no_o more_o in_o the_o denomination_n of_o conqueror_n than_o that_o after_o william_n have_v make_v claim_n to_o the_o crown_n from_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o harold_n oppose_v he_o he_o be_v force_v to_o get_v his_o right_n by_o battle_n against_o king_n harold_n and_o as_o to_o the_o word_n conquestus_fw-la or_o conquest_n mat._n paris_n write_v 〈◊〉_d rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la ex_fw-la conquestu_fw-la dicitur_fw-la tamen_fw-la quod_fw-la beatus_fw-la edwardus_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la haerede_fw-la caruit_fw-la regnum_fw-la legavit_fw-la willielmo_n bastardo_fw-la duci_fw-la normannorum_fw-la sir_n henry_n spelman_n 〈…〉_z in_o his_o glossary_n say_v willielmus_fw-la primus_fw-la conquestor_fw-la dicitur_fw-la quia_fw-la angliam_fw-la conquisivit_fw-la i._n e._n acquisivit_fw-la purchase_v non_fw-la quod_fw-la subegit_fw-la and_o sir_n john_n skene_n clerk_n of_o the_o register_n council_n and_o roll_n to_o king_n james_n in_o scotland_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr verborum_fw-la significatione_n pag._n 39_o write_v conquestus_fw-la signify_v land_n quhilk_n any_o person_n acquiris_fw-la and_o possessis_fw-la privato_fw-la jure_fw-la vel_fw-la singulari_fw-la titulo_fw-la vel_fw-la donatione_fw-la vel_fw-la singulari_fw-la aliquo_fw-la contractu_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o learned_a knight_n sir_n roger_n twiâ—den_n who_o well_o understand_v the_o force_n of_o the_o word_n conquestus_fw-la in_o his_o preface_n before_o that_o king_n law_n say_v non_fw-la existimo_fw-la lamberdum_fw-la willielmum_fw-la primum_fw-la de_fw-la omnium_fw-la anglorum_fw-la terris_fw-la ad_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la svam_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la libitu_fw-la in_o
modum_fw-la absolutae_fw-la dominationis_fw-la disposuisse_fw-la all_o which_o be_v most_o plain_a and_o justify_v infallible_o by_o doomsday_n book_n make_v in_o that_o 4â—_n king_n reign_n and_o in_o other_o subsequent_a record_n where_o the_o title_n and_o claim_n of_o many_o common_a person_n to_o their_o own_o and_o ancestor_n possession_n both_o in_o his_o time_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_a king_n be_v clear_o allow_v but_o if_o king_n william_n have_v make_v a_o absolute_a and_o universal_a conquest_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o the_o modern_a sense_n how_o can_v such_o title_n have_v hold_v or_o who_o will_v or_o dare_v have_v make_v such_o claim_n even_o against_o the_o king_n himself_o will_v he_o not_o have_v seize_v all_o into_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o grant_v the_o conquer_a land_n to_o other_o and_o his_o grant_n can_v not_o have_v be_v avoid_v by_o any_o englishman_n who_o have_v the_o inheritance_n and_o possession_n and_o live_v in_o peace_n before_o and_o at_o his_o come_n in_o and_o no_o title_n can_v be_v derive_v but_o from_o or_o under_o he_o at_o lest_o none_o can_v have_v be_v maintain_v against_o his_o grant_n but_o that_o the_o contrary_n be_v true_a will_v evident_o appear_v if_o we_o consider_v 1._o that_o it_o be_v record_v in_o doomsday_n book_n that_o king_n william_n have_v certain_a land_n in_o demesne_n viz._n the_o land_n which_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o king_n edward_n and_o entitle_v terrae_fw-la edwardi_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o other_o land_n which_o be_v forfeit_v to_o he_o by_o those_o who_o take_v part_n with_o harold_n entitle_v terrae_fw-la regis_fw-la 2._o william_n the_o first_o have_v give_v away_o sharnborn_a britan._n in_o norfolk_n to_o warren_n a_o great_a favourite_n one_o of_o his_o norman_n edwinus_fw-la de_fw-fr sharnborn_n be_v a_o englishman_n and_o true_a owner_n of_o the_o estate_n demand_v his_o right_n in_o open_a court_n before_o the_o king_n upon_o this_o reason_n of_o law_n that_o he_o never_o be_v against_o the_o king_n either_o before_o or_o after_o he_o come_v in_o whereupon_o the_o king_n vinculo_fw-la juramenti_fw-la astrictus_fw-la give_v judgement_n of_o right_n against_o the_o norman_a and_o sharnborn_a recover_v the_o lordship_n sir_n 184._o henry_n spelman_n out_o of_o a_o ancient_a manuscript_n concern_v the_o family_n of_o the_o sharnborns_n in_o norfolk_n have_v it_o thus_o edwinus_fw-la de_fw-la sharborne_n &_o quidam_fw-la alii_fw-la qui_fw-la ejecti_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la è_fw-la terris_fw-la suis_fw-la abierunt_fw-la ad_fw-la conquestorem_fw-la &_o dixerunt_fw-la ei_fw-la quod_fw-la nunquam_fw-la ante_fw-la conquestum_fw-la nec_fw-la in_o conquestu_fw-la nec_fw-la post_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la contra_fw-la ipsum_fw-la regem_fw-la in_o consilio_fw-la &_o auxilio_fw-la sed_fw-la tenuerunt_fw-la se_fw-la in_o pace_n et_fw-la hoc_fw-la parati_fw-la sunt_fw-la probare_fw-la quo_fw-la modo_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la vellet_fw-la ordinare_fw-la per_fw-la quod_fw-la idem_fw-la rex_fw-la fecit_fw-la inquiri_fw-la per_fw-la totam_fw-la angliam_fw-la si_fw-la ita_fw-la fuit_fw-la quod_fw-la quidem_fw-la probatum_fw-la fuit_fw-la propter_fw-la quod_fw-la idem_fw-la rex_fw-la praecepit_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la qui_fw-la sic_fw-la se_fw-la tenuerunt_fw-la in_o pace_n in_o forma_fw-la praedicta_fw-la quod_fw-la ipsi_fw-la rehaberent_fw-la omnes_fw-la terras_fw-la &_o dominationes_fw-la svas_fw-la adeo_fw-la integre_n &_o in_o pace_n ut_fw-la unquam_fw-la habuerunt_fw-la vel_fw-la tenuerunt_fw-la ante_fw-la conquestum_fw-la suum_fw-la this_o be_v cite_v almost_o as_o the_o only_a case_n or_o act_v of_o favour_n the_o conqueror_n do_v but_o that_o be_v a_o great_a mistake_n for_o many_o other_o instance_n i_o can_v give_v of_o this_o nature_n all_o act_n of_o justice_n and_o right_n as_o appear_v in_o doomsday_n book_n much_o more_o may_v be_v say_v upon_o this_o subject_n i_o will_v only_o add_v the_o judicious_a assertion_n of_o a_o great_a lawyer_n and_o judge_n in_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n admit_v and_o agree_v as_o a_o rule_n of_o law_n and_o truth_n by_o the_o judge_n and_o transmit_v to_o posterity_n le_fw-fr conqueror_n say_v he_o ne_fw-fr 2._o vient_fw-fr pas_fw-fr pour_fw-fr ouster_n eux_fw-fr qui_fw-fr avoient_fw-fr droiturell_n possession_n mes_fw-fr de_fw-fr ouster_n eux_fw-fr que_fw-fr de_fw-fr lour_v tort_fw-fr avoient_fw-fr occupy_v ascun_fw-fr terre_fw-fr en_fw-fr desheritance_n del_fw-it roy_n &_o son_n corone_n it_o be_v speak_v upon_o a_o objection_n make_v in_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o abbot_n of_o peterborough_n concern_v a_o charter_n grant_v by_o king_n edgar_n to_o that_o abbey_n which_o the_o king_n council_n will_v have_v avoid_v upon_o this_o pretence_n for_o want_n of_o a_o better_a because_o by_o the_o conquest_n all_o franchise_n be_v devolve_v and_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n 2._o king_n william_n claim_v the_o english_a diadem_n jure_fw-la haereditario_fw-la from_o edward_n the_o 26_o confessor_n which_o both_o his_o own_o law_n charter_n and_o the_o charter_n of_o his_o two_o son_n william_n and_o henry_n do_v full_o prove_v there_o be_v some_o indeed_o that_o mention_n that_o he_o obtain_v the_o crown_n ore_fw-la gladii_fw-la but_o that_o must_v be_v understand_v quod_fw-la jure_fw-la belli_fw-la contra_fw-la harolaum_n ipse_fw-la acquisivit_fw-la as_o a_o manuscript_n historian_n say_v meipsum_fw-la 3._o he_o do_v not_o make_v a_o actual_a conquest_n by_o his_o arm_n when_o he_o come_v in_o of_o the_o five_o part_n of_o the_o nation_n for_o the_o pope_n have_v send_v he_o a_o consecrate_a banner_n and_o a_o bull_n of_o excommunication_n against_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n if_o they_o oppose_v he_o in_o adhere_v to_o king_n harold_n and_o he_o have_v get_v the_o victory_n at_o hastings_n and_o the_o clergy_n with_o several_a of_o the_o nobility_n who_o he_o have_v purchase_v to_o his_o part_n both_o by_o money_n and_o great_a assurance_n of_o preferment_n and_o other_o advantage_n base_o and_o treacherous_o desert_v edgar_n etheling_n a_o soft_a and_o weak_a prince_n yet_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n at_o length_n upon_o william_n declare_v that_o he_o will_v confirm_v the_o law_n of_o saint_n edward_n he_o be_v electus_fw-la à _fw-la clero_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la and_o with_o all_o the_o ceremony_n and_o solemnity_n then_o in_o use_n be_v crown_v at_o westminster_n the_o whole_a nation_n submit_v to_o he_o but_o hear_v what_o the_o historian_n of_o those_o time_n say_v londoniam_fw-la convenientibus_fw-la 〈…〉_z francis_n &_o anglis_fw-la ad_fw-la nativitatem_fw-la domini_fw-la illisque_fw-la omnibus_fw-la concedentibus_fw-la coronam_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o dominationem_fw-la suscepit_fw-la die_fw-la 〈…〉_z ordinationi_fw-la decreto_fw-la locutus_fw-la ad_fw-la anglos_n condecenti_fw-la sermone_fw-la eborac_n archiepiscopus_fw-la sapiens_fw-la bone_fw-la eloquens_fw-la a_o consentirent_fw-la eum_fw-la sibi_fw-la dominum_fw-la coronari_fw-la inquisivit_fw-la protestati_fw-la sunt_fw-la hilarem_fw-la consensum_fw-la universi_fw-la minime_fw-la haesitantes_fw-la ac_fw-la si_fw-la coelitus_fw-la unâ_fw-la ment_fw-la datâ_fw-la unâque_fw-la voce_fw-la anglorum_fw-la voluntati_fw-la quam_fw-la facillime_fw-la normanni_n consonuerunt_fw-la sermocinato_fw-la apud_fw-la eos_fw-la aâ—_n sententiam_fw-la percunctato_fw-la à _fw-la constantini_n praesule_fw-la sic_fw-la electum_fw-la consecravit_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la imposuit_fw-la ei_fw-la diadema_fw-la ipsumque_fw-la regio_fw-la solio_fw-la etc._n etc._n ante_fw-la altar_n s._n petri_n apostoli_fw-la 〈…〉_z coram_fw-la ciero_n &_o populo_fw-la jurejurando_fw-la promittens_fw-la se_fw-la velle_fw-la sanctas_fw-la dei_fw-la ecclesias_fw-la &_o rectores_fw-la illarum_fw-la defendere_fw-la necnon_fw-la &_o cunctum_fw-la populum_fw-la sibi_fw-la subjectum_fw-la just_a &_o regali_fw-la providentia_fw-la regere_fw-la rectam_fw-la legem_fw-la statuere_fw-la &_o tenere_fw-la rapinas_fw-la injustaque_fw-la judicia_fw-la penitus_fw-la interdicere_fw-la exacto_fw-la b._n prius_fw-la coram_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la jurejurando_fw-la quod_fw-la se_fw-la modeste_fw-la erga_fw-la subditos_fw-la ageret_fw-la &_o aequo_fw-la jure_fw-la anglos_n &_o francos_fw-la tractaret_fw-la pursuant_n to_o all_o which_o and_o to_o fix_v himself_o more_o sure_o in_o that_o his_o new-got_a chair_n of_o sovereignty_n he_o by_o his_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la or_o great_a charter_n grant_n and_o confirm_v the_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n ablatum_fw-la willielmus_fw-la etiam_fw-la rex_fw-la cui_fw-la sanctus_n edwardus_fw-la regnum_fw-la contùlit_fw-la leges_fw-la ipsius_fw-la sancti_fw-la servandas_fw-la esse_fw-la concessit_fw-la say_v sir_n henry_n spelman_n but_o now_o 190._o we_o will_v set_v down_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o charter_n which_o run_v thus_o volumus_fw-la etiam_fw-la ac_fw-la firmiter_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la &_o concedimus_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la totius_fw-la monarchiae_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la praedicti_fw-la habeant_fw-la &_o teneant_fw-la terras_fw-la svas_fw-la &_o possessiones_fw-la svas_fw-la bene_fw-la &_o in_o pace_n libere_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la exactione_n injusta_fw-la &_o ab_fw-la omni_fw-la tallagio_n ita_fw-la quod_fw-la nihil_fw-la ab_fw-la eye_n exigatur_fw-la vel_fw-la capiatur_fw-la nisi_fw-la servitium_fw-la svam_fw-la liberum_fw-la quod_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la nobis_fw-la facere_fw-la debent_fw-la &_o facere_fw-la tenentur_fw-la &_o prout_fw-la statutum_fw-la est_fw-la et_z net_n &_o illis_fw-la à _fw-la nobis_fw-la datum_fw-la &_o concessum_fw-la jure_fw-la
many_o of_o the_o great_a clergy_n and_o temporal_a nobility_n instead_o of_o cum_fw-la multis_fw-la aliis_fw-la have_v these_o word_n multis_fw-la praeterea_fw-la illustrissimis_fw-la virorum_fw-la personis_fw-la &_o regum_fw-la principibus_fw-la diversi_fw-la ordinis_fw-la omissis_fw-la qui_fw-la similiter_fw-la huic_fw-la confirmationi_fw-la piissimo_fw-la affectu_fw-la testes_fw-la &_o fautores_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la hii_n autem_fw-la illo_fw-la tempore_fw-la à _fw-la regius_fw-la potestate_fw-la diversis_fw-la provinciis_fw-la 〈◊〉_d &_o urbibus_fw-la ad_fw-la universalem_fw-la synodum_fw-la pro_fw-la causis_fw-la cujustibet_fw-la christianae_n ecclesiae_fw-la audiendis_fw-la &_o tractandis_fw-la ad_fw-la praescriptum_fw-la celeberrimum_fw-la synodum_fw-la quod_fw-la westmonasterium_fw-la dicitur_fw-la convocati_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o the_o margin_n of_o the_o book_n i_o find_v write_v this_o note_n nota_fw-la hic_fw-la hos_fw-la omnes_fw-la convocari_fw-la à _fw-la rege_fw-la sua_fw-la auctoritate_fw-la ad_fw-la causas_fw-la religionis_fw-la tractandas_fw-la tam_fw-la nobiles_fw-la de_fw-la clero_fw-la quam_fw-la principes_fw-la regni_fw-la cum_fw-la aliis_fw-la inferioris_fw-la gradus_fw-la conventio_fw-la quorum_fw-la videtur_fw-la esse_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la and_o in_o the_o year-book_n of_o e._n 60._o 3._o above_o 330._o year_n since_o in_o a_o case_n touch_v the_o exemption_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o bury_n from_o the_o bishop_n of_o norwich_n we_o have_v mention_n of_o a_o parliament_n hold_v en_fw-fr temps_fw-fr de_fw-fr w._n conqueror_n à _fw-fr son_fw-fr parliament_n king_n william_n the_o second_o king_n william_n the_o first_o 1187._o be_v dead_a william_n his_o second_o son_n then_o live_v succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n who_o design_v to_o prevent_v his_o elder_a brother_n robert_n of_o the_o crown_n find_v lanfranc_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n not_o altogether_o consent_v with_o he_o therein_o to_o the_o complete_n his_o desire_n and_o fear_v lest_o the_o delay_n of_o his_o consecration_n may_v prejudice_v his_o desire_a honour_n he_o begin_v by_o give_v large_a gift_n and_o reward_n to_o the_o people_n and_o as_o well_o by_o himself_o as_o all_o other_o who_o he_o can_v engage_v fide_fw-la sacramentoque_fw-la lanfranco_n promittere_fw-la by_o his_o faith_n and_o oath_n to_o promise_v unto_o lanfranc_n si_fw-mi rex_fw-la foret_fw-la justitiam_fw-la aequitatem_fw-la &_o misericordiam_fw-la se_fw-la per_fw-la totum_fw-la regnum_fw-la in_fw-la omni_fw-la negotio_fw-la servaturum_fw-la he_o will_v in_o all_o action_n observe_v and_o keep_v justice_n equity_n and_o mercy_n through_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n that_o he_o will_v defend_v the_o peace_n liberty_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o church_n against_o all_o man_n and_o also_o that_o he_o will_v in_o and_o through_o all_o thing_n obey_v the_o precept_n and_o counsel_n of_o the_o arch-prelate_n thereupon_o in_o regem_fw-la 〈…〉_z eligitur_fw-la &_o consecratur_fw-la but_o not_o long_o after_o odo_n 264._o bishop_n of_o baiox_n earl_n of_o kent_n geffrey_n bishop_n of_o constance_n robert_z earl_n of_o morton_n roger_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o all_o the_o norman_a prelate_n and_o nobility_n in_o england_n enter_v into_o a_o conspiracy_n to_o make_v robert_n king_n and_o to_o deliver_v king_n william_n to_o his_o brother_n alive_a or_o dead_a and_o thereupon_o they_o take_v arm_n the_o king_n hear_v these_o thing_n and_o foresee_v his_o inevitable_a ruin_n if_o the_o english_a power_n do_v not_o preserve_v he_o cause_v the_o english_a to_o be_v assemble_v together_o and_o show_v they_o the_o treason_n of_o the_o norman_n and_o entreat_v and_o beg_v they_o to_o help_v and_o defend_v he_o upon_o this_o condition_n that_o if_o they_o will_v be_v faithful_a to_o he_o in_o that_o his_o necessity_n and_o distress_n he_o will_v grant_v they_o better_a law_n which_o they_o shall_v choose_v and_o will_v forbid_v or_o interdict_v all_o unjust_a scot_n tax_n or_o tallage_n and_o grant_v to_o all_o person_n their_o wood_n and_o hunting_n upon_o which_o assurance_n and_o promise_v the_o english_a do_v faithful_o assist_v he_o and_o by_o their_o power_n valiant_o overthrow_v the_o norman_n and_o preserve_v and_o fix_v the_o crown_n upon_o william_n head_n but_o whatsoever_o he_o promise_v he_o keep_v but_o a_o short_a time_n the_o word_n of_o the_o author_n be_v his_o auditis_fw-la rex_fw-la fecit_fw-la b._n congregari_fw-la anglos_n &_o ostendit_fw-la eye_v traditionem_fw-la normannorum_fw-la &_o rogavit_fw-la ut_fw-la sibi_fw-la auxilio_fw-la essent_fw-la eo_fw-la tenore_fw-la ut_fw-la si_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la necessitate_v sibi_fw-la fideles_fw-la existerent_fw-la meliorem_fw-la legem_fw-la quam_fw-la vellent_fw-la eligere_fw-la eye_n concederet_fw-la &_o omnem_fw-la injustum_fw-la scottâ—m_fw-la interdixit_fw-la &_o concessit_fw-la omnibus_fw-la sylvas_fw-la svas_fw-la &_o venationem_fw-la sed_fw-la quicquid_fw-la promisit_fw-la parvo_fw-la tempore_fw-la custodivit_fw-la angli_fw-la tunc_fw-la fideliter_fw-la eum_fw-la juvabant_fw-la 1._o it_o be_v therefore_o evident_a from_o hence_o that_o william_n the_o second_o do_v not_o claim_v the_o crown_n jure_fw-la gladii_fw-la by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sword_n nor_o do_v he_o affirm_v that_o he_o have_v a_o despotical_a right_a to_o make_v or_o change_v law_n ad_fw-la libitum_fw-la suum_fw-la sine_fw-la assensu_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliament_n and_o it_o be_v a_o great_a observation_n to_o i_o that_o from_o the_o pretend_a conquest_n to_o this_o day_n i_o never_o read_v of_o any_o king_n of_o england_n that_o declare_v and_o public_o own_v any_o such_o prerogative_n or_o right_n but_o only_o that_o miserable_a and_o unfortunate_a prince_n richard_n the_o second_o which_o the_o parliament_n roll_v thus_o express_v item_n idem_fw-la rex_fw-la nolens_fw-la justas_fw-la leges_fw-la 1â—_n &_o consuetudines_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la seruare_fw-la seu_fw-la protegere_fw-la sed_fw-la secundum_fw-la suae_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la voluntatis_fw-la facere_fw-la quicquid_fw-la desideriis_fw-la ejus_fw-la occurreret_fw-la quandoque_fw-la &_o frequentius_fw-la quando_fw-la sibi_fw-la expositae_fw-la &_o declaratae_fw-la fuerant_fw-la leges_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la per_fw-la justiciarios_fw-la &_o alios_fw-la de_fw-la concilio_n svo_fw-la &_o secundum_fw-la leges_fw-la illas_fw-la petentibus_fw-la justitiam_fw-la exhiberet_fw-la dixit_fw-la express_v vultu_fw-la austero_fw-la &_o protervo_fw-la quod_fw-la leges_fw-la suae_fw-la erant_fw-la in_o ore_fw-la svo_fw-la &_o aliquotiens_fw-la in_o pectore_fw-la svo_fw-la &_o quod_fw-la ipse_fw-la solus_fw-la possit_fw-la mutare_fw-la &_o condere_fw-la leges_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la &_o opinion_n illa_fw-la seductus_fw-la quampluribus_fw-la de_fw-la ligeis_n suis_fw-la justitiam_fw-la fieri_fw-la non_fw-la permisit_fw-la sed_fw-la per_fw-la minas_fw-la &_o terrores_fw-la quamplures_fw-la à _fw-la prosecutione_n communis_fw-la justitiae_fw-la cessare_fw-la coegit_fw-la but_o far_o different_a be_v the_o sentiment_n and_o judgement_n of_o his_o grandfather_n great_a edward_n the_o three_o who_o tell_v we_o because_o that_o by_o divers_a complaint_n 137._o make_v to_o we_o we_o have_v perceive_v that_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n which_o we_o by_o our_o oath_n be_v bind_v to_o maintain_v be_v the_o less_o well_o keep_v and_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o same_o disturb_a many_o time_n by_o maintenance_n and_o procurement_n as_o well_o in_o the_o court_n as_o in_o the_o country_n we_o great_o move_v of_o conscience_n in_o this_o matter_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n desire_v as_o much_o for_o the_o pleasure_n of_o god_n and_o ease_n and_o quietness_n of_o our_o subject_n as_o to_o our_o conscience_n and_o for_o to_o save_v and_o keep_v our_o say_a oath_n we_o have_v ordain_v etc._n etc._n and_o wise_a king_n james_n 1157._o say_v that_o not_o only_o the_o royal_a prerogative_n but_o the_o people_n security_n of_o land_n live_n and_o privilege_n be_v preserve_v and_o maintain_v by_o the_o ancient_a fundamental_a law_n privilege_n and_o custom_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o that_o by_o the_o abolish_n or_o alter_v of_o they_o it_o be_v impossible_a but_o that_o present_a confusion_n will_v fall_v upon_o the_o whole_a state_n and_o frame_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o his_o late_a majesty_n of_o 29._o ever_o bless_a memory_n be_v of_o the_o same_o mind_n and_o opinion_n when_o he_o say_v the_o law_n be_v the_o inheritance_n of_o every_o subject_a and_o the_o only_a security_n he_o can_v have_v for_o his_o life_n or_o estate_n and_o the_o which_o be_v neglect_v or_o dis-esteemed_n under_o what_o specious_a show_n soever_o a_o great_a measure_n of_o infelicity_n if_o not_o a_o irreparable_a confusion_n must_v without_o doubt_n fall_v upon_o they_o henry_n the_o first_o after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n 14._o william_n the_o magnates_fw-la angliae_fw-la not_o know_v what_o be_v become_v of_o robert_n duke_n of_o normandy_n elder_a brother_n of_o the_o decease_a king_n the_o say_a duke_n have_v be_v absent_a for_o five_o year_n in_o a_o voyage_n to_o the_o holy_a land_n be_v afraid_a to_o be_v long_o without_o a_o king_n which_o henricus_n fratrum_fw-la vltimus_fw-la &_o juvenis_fw-la sapientissimus_fw-la cum_fw-la callide_fw-la cognovisset_fw-la congregato_fw-la londoniis_fw-la clero_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la universo_fw-it promisit_fw-la emendationem_fw-la legum_fw-la quibus_fw-la oppressa_fw-la fuit_fw-la anglia_fw-it tempore_fw-la patris_fw-la svi_fw-la &_o fratris_fw-la
ove_fw-la tout_fw-fr lour_v puissance_n the_o observation_n i_o shall_v make_v from_o this_o great_a judgement_n shall_v be_v two_o 1._o that_o above_o 300._o year_n ago_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o scruple_n or_o fancy_n that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n 552._o of_o which_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v then_o undoubted_o a_o part_n ought_v not_o and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v present_a in_o the_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliament_n of_o king_n john_n reign_n and_o to_o have_v assent_v to_o that_o king_n resignation_n an._n 14._o to_o make_v it_o legal_a and_o valid_a as_o well_o as_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n 2._o if_o the_o commons_o have_v never_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o parliament_n before_o 49_o h._n 3._o but_o that_o the_o king_n and_o great_a lord_n only_o make_v law_n and_o have_v a_o inherent_a power_n as_o some_o of_o our_o modern_a writer_n say_v to_o tax_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n de_fw-fr alto_fw-mi &_o basso_n ad_fw-la libitum_fw-la suum_fw-la jure_fw-la repraesentationis_fw-la sure_o they_o will_v not_o have_v leave_v record_v to_o posterity_n so_o great_a a_o testimonial_a of_o the_o antiquity_n and_o right_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n than_o so_o distinguish_v from_o the_o great_a lord_n as_o be_v express_v in_o the_o roll_n may_v it_o not_o then_o be_v admit_v they_o speak_v nothing_o but_o what_o be_v a_o undisputable_a truth_n in_o diebus_fw-la illis_fw-la unless_o we_o must_v believe_v that_o the_o great_a and_o learned_a author_n of_o this_o age_n better_o understand_v the_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o communia_fw-la concilia_fw-la or_o parliament_n of_o king_n john_n time_n and_o so_o upward_o above_o 460._o year_n since_o than_o the_o whole_a parliament_n of_o 40_o e._n 3._o the_o parliament_n of_o their_o grandfather_n time_n as_o be_v the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n and_o indeed_o this_o famous_a resolution_n be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o declaration_n of_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n before_o the_o norman_a duke_n gain_v the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o england_n as_o appear_v by_o king_n harold_n answer_n to_o his_o ambassador_n require_v the_o performance_n of_o the_o king_n oath_n to_o take_v the_o duke_n daughter_n to_o wife_n and_o to_o preserve_v the_o crown_n for_o he_o de_fw-fr regno_fw-la addebat_fw-la praesumptuosum_fw-la fuisse_fw-la quod_fw-la absque_fw-la generali_fw-la senatus_n &_o populi_fw-la conventu_fw-la &_o edicto_fw-la alienam_fw-la illi_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la juraverit_fw-la which_o be_v record_v by_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n lib._n 3._o p._n 56._o l._n 24._o in_o vita_fw-la williemi_fw-fr i._n a_o author_n without_o all_o exception_n who_o flourish_v in_o the_o time_n of_o h._n 1._o and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v ignorant_a where_fw-mi and_o in_o who_o the_o legislative_a power_n of_o england_n do_v reside_v there_o be_v but_o 33._o year_n from_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_a duke_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o that_o king_n and_o of_o this_o historian_n the_o learned_a balaeus_n give_v this_o eulogium_fw-la vir_fw-la erat_fw-la svo_fw-la seculo_fw-la in_o omni_fw-la genere_fw-la bonarum_fw-la literarum_fw-la plene_fw-la eruditissimus_fw-la &_o in_o eruendis_fw-la antiquitatibus_fw-la ingenio_fw-la diligentia_fw-la &_o industria_fw-la singularis_fw-la angliae_fw-la nostrae_fw-la nationis_fw-la studosissimus_fw-la illustrator_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o arthur_n duke_n of_o bretaign_n the_o annal_n of_o england_n tell_v we_o that_o king_n john_n be_v summon_v by_o the_o french_a king_n as_o duke_z of_o normandy_n to_o appear_v at_o his_o court_n and_o judicial_o to_o answer_v the_o pretend_a murder_n of_o arthur_n his_o nephew_n whereupon_o the_o bishop_n of_o ely_n and_o hubert_z de_fw-fr burgo_n after_o earl_n of_o kent_n and_o chief_a justice_n of_o england_n nuntii_fw-la solemne_n &_o prudentes_fw-la be_v send_v to_o the_o french_a king_n to_o who_o the_o bishop_n thus_o speak_v domine_fw-la 284._o rex_fw-la non_fw-la possit_fw-la dux_n normanniae_fw-la ad_fw-la curiam_fw-la vestram_fw-la venire_fw-la nisi_fw-la veniret_fw-la 61._o rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la cum_fw-la una_fw-la persona_fw-la sint_fw-la dux_n &_o rex_n quod_fw-la non_fw-la permitteret_fw-la aliquo_fw-la modo_fw-la baronagium_fw-la angliae_fw-la etsi_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la hoc_fw-la vellet_fw-la so_o careful_a be_v the_o baronage_n or_o parliament_n to_o preserve_v the_o ancient_a right_n safety_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n an._n 3_o joh._n before_o any_o difference_n happen_v between_o he_o and_o his_o subject_n anno_fw-la 29_o e._n 1._o the_o king_n send_v ambassador_n 1._o to_o the_o french_a king_n ut_fw-la quid_fw-la de_fw-la truga_fw-la de_fw-fr guerra_fw-mi &_o the_o pace_n deliberasset_fw-la nunciaret_fw-la and_o be_v answer_v se_fw-la non_fw-la posse_fw-la sine_fw-la duodecim_fw-la paribus_fw-la qui_fw-la occupati_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la circa_fw-la novam_fw-la guerram_fw-la tam_fw-la ardua_fw-la tractare_fw-la but_o that_o he_o expect_v their_o come_n in_o fifteen_o day_n quo_fw-la tempore_fw-la transacto_fw-la ipsis_fw-la consentientibus_fw-la they_o declare_v that_o they_o can_v not_o determine_v thereof_o inconsultis_fw-la secum_fw-la scotis_n whereupon_o those_o ambassador_n return_v igitur_fw-la convocato_fw-la parliamento_fw-la londoniis_fw-la recitatisque_fw-la frustratoriis_fw-la dilationibus_fw-la &_o falsis_fw-la machinationibus_fw-la praedictorum_fw-la ambassador_n be_v again_o send_v and_o receive_v this_o answer_n quod_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la adveniret_fw-la faciemus_fw-la personaliter_fw-la &_o inter_fw-la duos_fw-la reges_fw-la de_fw-la optima_fw-la pace_fw-la conveniretur_fw-la whereupon_o the_o king_n of_o england_n aliud_fw-la habuit_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la talia_fw-la recitata_fw-la displicuerunt_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la concilio_n or_o parliament_n definitum_fw-la est_fw-la regem_fw-la pro_fw-la aliquo_fw-la mandato_fw-la vel_fw-la suggestionibus_fw-la ab_fw-la anglia_fw-it egredi_fw-la non_fw-la debere_fw-la from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v the_o reader_n may_v easy_o observe_v 1._o that_o the_o weighty_a and_o great_a affair_n which_o concern_v the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n both_o in_o the_o saxon_n time_n and_o after_o be_v by_o a_o fundamental_a principle_n and_o law_n of_o the_o nation_n to_o be_v consult_v of_o and_o resolve_v in_o the_o communia_fw-la concilia_fw-la or_o parliament_n and_o that_o no_o particular_a person_n or_o order_n of_o man_n do_v take_v upon_o they_o such_o power_n sine_fw-la consensu_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o this_o h._n 3._o and_o his_o council_n well_o know_v when_o he_o tell_v otto_n the_o pope_n nuntio_n quod_fw-la solus_fw-la non_fw-la potuit_fw-la definire_fw-la nec_fw-la 3._o debuit_fw-la negotium_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la cleriâ—os_fw-la &_o laiâ—os_fw-la generaliter_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la tangebat_fw-la which_o e._n 1_o and_o his_o council_n in_o the_o 23_o the_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n thus_o confirm_v quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la tangit_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la dorso_fw-la approbetur_fw-la 2._o that_o the_o generalis_fw-la senatus_n &_o populi_n conventus_fw-la &_o edictum_fw-la or_o saxon_a wittena_n gemott_n the_o baronagium_fw-la angliae_fw-la in_o king_n john_n time_n and_o the_o concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliamentum_fw-la in_o the_o reign_n of_o e._n 1._o be_v verba_fw-la synonyma_fw-la differ_v in_o phrase_n but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o assembly_n in_o substance_n the_o four_o argument_n from_o several_a record_n inter_fw-la alia_fw-la de_fw-la annis_n 28_o 32_o 3â—_n 42_o &_o 48_o h._n 3._o mention_v parliament_n then_o hold_v and_o their_o proceed_n in_o some_o of_o which_o 〈…〉_z the_o word_n commons_o be_v express_o mention_v as_o well_o as_o the_o prelate_n &_o magnate_n to_o be_v part_n of_o those_o parliament_n the_o general_a council_n at_o runningmead_n 〈◊〉_d hold_v 17_o jâ—â—_n be_v 29._o year_n after_o and_o 20._o year_n before_o 49_o h._n 3._o call_v parliamentum_fw-la de_fw-mi runeme_v memorandum_n quod_fw-la in_o parliamento_fw-la a_o 〈…〉_z die_v pasch._n in_o tres_fw-la septimanas_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la regis_fw-la h._n 3._o 28._o london_n celebrato_fw-la negotium_fw-la crucis_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it una_fw-la cum_fw-la collectione_n decimae_fw-la benefiâ—â—â—rum_fw-la ecclesiasâ—â—corum_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la in_o subsidium_fw-la terrae_fw-la sanctae_fw-la à _fw-la sede_fw-la apostolica_fw-la deputat_fw-la be_v treat_v of_o a_o utlary_n against_o william_n de_fw-fr dorso_fw-la hastingcott_n be_v reverse_v and_o he_o restore_v to_o all_o he_o have_v lose_v thereby_o and_o this_o do_v coram_fw-la rege_fw-la &_o toto_fw-la parliamento_fw-la inter_fw-la communia_fw-la hilar._n 17_o e._n 3._o 〈◊〉_d penes_fw-la rememoratorem_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la in_o scaccario_fw-la it_o appear_v in_o a_o plea_n between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prior_n of_o coventry_n that_o 29_o &_o 32_o h._n 3._o quaedam_fw-la subsidia_fw-la per_fw-la magnates_fw-la &_o communitatem_fw-la regni_fw-la spontanea_fw-la &_o mera_fw-fr voluntate_fw-la regi_fw-la concessa_fw-la or_o as_o bracton_n phrase_v 37._o it_o exit_fw-la consensu_fw-la communi_fw-la totius_fw-la regui_fw-la be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o with_o magnates_n &_o communitas_fw-la towards_o the_o marry_n of_o the_o king_n elder_a daughter_n and_o also_o the_o king_n sister_n to_o frederick_n the_o emperor_n which_o be_v do_v in_o parliament_n for_o the_o
ire_n &_o the_o rancour_n &_o the_o male_a volente_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o king_n and_o prince_n have_v 〈…〉_z undertake_v the_o crusado_n for_o the_o holy_a land_n quia_fw-la tamen_fw-la praelatis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la &_o communitati_fw-la regni_fw-la non_fw-la videtur_fw-la expediens_fw-la neque_fw-la tutum_fw-la that_o they_o shall_v be_v both_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n istis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la it_o be_v agree_v the_o prince_n shall_v go_v and_o a_o subsidy_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o prince_n by_o the_o parliament_n if_o one_o shall_v show_v the_o author_n of_o the_o novel_a opinion_n only_o these_o record_n and_o thereupon_o ask_v they_o who_o the_o communitas_fw-la mention_v in_o these_o record_n after_o the_o word_n praelati_fw-la barones_n &_o magnates_n be_v i_o doubt_v not_o but_o they_o will_v say_v knights_z citizens_z and_o burgess_n because_o they_o be_v after_o the_o pretend_a inception_n of_o 49_o h._n 3._o but_o then_o i_o desire_v to_o know_v what_o authority_n they_o can_v show_v why_o the_o communitas_fw-la in_o 29_o 32_o 37_o &_o 48_o h._n 3._o shall_v not_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o parliament_n as_o much_o as_o of_o 49_o 51_o 54._o of_o that_o king_n since_o the_o word_n or_o phrase_n of_o both_o be_v alike_o in_o the_o record_n for_o i_o do_v not_o think_v it_o a_o true_a way_n of_o reason_v that_o because_o the_o notion_n of_o 49_o h._n 3._o be_v general_o publish_v by_o our_o now_o historian_n and_o so_o believe_v ergo_fw-la it_o unquestionable_o be_v so_o and_o have_v always_o and_o in_o all_o age_n be_v distinct_o know_v and_o believe_v the_o seven_o argument_n from_o the_o defect_n and_o loss_n of_o parliament_n roll_n of_o h._n 3._o and_o e._n 1._o and_o from_o the_o universal_a silence_n of_o all_o record_n and_o our_o ancient_a historian_n contemporary_a and_o succeed_a 49_o h._n 3._o till_o our_o day_n it_o be_v true_a indeed_o for_o any_o thing_n 〈…〉_z yet_o appear_v the_o parliament_n roll_v of_o h._n 3._o be_v all_o lose_v or_o destroy_v though_o reference_n be_v make_v to_o they_o by_o several_a clause_n and_o patent_n roll_v of_o h._n 1._o and_o h._n 2._o yet_o no_o direct_a writ_n of_o summons_n ad_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la be_v extant_a of_o that_o time_n either_o of_o the_o lord_n or_o commons_o so_o m_o r_o pryn_n till_o the_o dorse_v of_o the_o clause_n roll_v 49_o h._n 3._o in_o a_o schedule_n affix_v thereto_o where_o there_o be_v writ_n for_o elect_v and_o send_v to_o a_o parliament_n at_o london_n two_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n and_o baron_n for_o the_o cinque-port_n and_o likewise_o summon_v to_o the_o great_a lord_n but_o if_o that_o roll_n of_o 49_o h._n 3._o and_o rot._n claus._n 22_o e._n 1._o have_v be_v destroy_v as_o many_o other_o of_o that_o time_n be_v than_o have_v there_o be_v no_o footstep_n or_o testimony_n leave_v we_o on_o record_n yet_o discover_v of_o any_o formal_a summons_n to_o parliament_n of_o 33._o they_o or_o the_o prelate_n and_o temporal_a great_a lord_n till_o 23_o e._n 1._o though_o several_a parliament_n be_v in_o the_o interim_n no_o less_o than_o twelve_o as_o the_o print_a statute_n book_n tell_v we_o and_o 73._o the_o commons_o express_o say_v to_o be_v present_a at_o some_o and_o employ_v in_o all_o if_o the_o phrase_n of_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la imply_v so_o much_o which_o 〈◊〉_d think_v be_v unquestionable_a when_o compare_v with_o the_o statute_n of_o 156._o westm._n 1._o make_v 3_o e._n 1._o which_o be_v not_o eleven_o year_n after_o 49_o h._n 3._o wherein_o the_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la be_v enumerate_v and_o express_v the_o statute_n be_v make_v per_n l'assentement_n des_fw-fr archievesques_n evesques_n abbes_n prior_n count_n baron_n &_o tout_fw-fr le_fw-fr commonalty_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr terre_fw-fr illonques_fw-la summone_n now_o because_o from_o that_o one_o record_n of_o 49_o h._n 3._o be_v the_o only_a roll_n as_o yet_o find_v out_o it_o shall_v be_v wonderful_o observe_v and_o from_o thence_o infallible_o conclude_v and_o nick_v and_o by_o a_o ominous_a and_o influential_a asterism_n of_o rebellion_n and_o treason_n mark_v that_o the_o very_o 1._o first_o writ_n whereby_o the_o great_a lord_n be_v say_v to_o be_v also_o first_o summon_v to_o send_v two_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n for_o each_o county_n city_n and_o borough_n 〈◊〉_d parliamentum_fw-la in_o octabis_n sanâ—ti_n hillarii_n be_v make_v in_o this_o very_a year_n at_o that_o very_a crisis_n of_o time_n nay_o test_a on_o such_o very_a day_n when_o the_o rebellious_a baron_n after_o the_o battle_n of_o lewes_n have_v the_o king_n and_o prince_n in_o their_o power_n and_o exercise_v regal_a authority_n in_o his_o name_n under_o good_a favour_n seem_v not_o at_o all_o satisfactory_a and_o convince_a to_o i_o until_o they_o give_v more_o certain_a and_o great_a testimonial_n and_o evidence_n and_o answer_v these_o few_o record_n if_o the_o epocha_n of_o the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n or_o commons_o as_o now_o call_v and_o distinguish_v from_o the_o great_a lord_n be_v first_o admit_v a_o part_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o legislative_a power_n have_v such_o a_o creation_n and_o origine_fw-la it_o be_v more_o than_o a_o wonder_n though_o the_o parliament_n roll_n be_v destroy_v that_o the_o lieger_n book_n charter_n or_o historian_n of_o that_o time_n either_o national_a or_o foreign_n of_o which_o there_o be_v not_o a_o few_o or_o our_o ancient_a lawyer_n bracton_n britton_n fleta_n and_o hengham_n have_v not_o among_o many_o narrative_n of_o far_o less_o moment_n and_o weight_n give_v posterity_n a_o remark_n or_o some_o short_a hint_n or_o memorial_n of_o so_o sudden_a so_o great_a and_o so_o universal_a a_o change_n or_o catastrophe_n of_o the_o whole_a constitution_n and_o ancient_a frame_n of_o the_o english_a government_n as_o that_o must_v unquestionable_o be_v admit_v to_o be_v or_o some_o subsequent_a chronologer_n have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o dream_v of_o it_o till_o of_o late_a or_o that_o branch_n in_o the_o ancient_a coronation_n oath_n of_o our_o king_n demand_v by_o the_o archbishop_n have_v not_o be_v omit_v or_o ne_fw-la ver_fw-la administer_v which_o run_v thus_o concedis_fw-la justas_fw-la leges_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la hollis_n esse_fw-la tenendas_fw-la &_o promittis_fw-la per_fw-la te_fw-la esse_fw-la protegendas_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la honorem_fw-la dei_fw-la corroborandas_fw-la quas_fw-la vulgus_fw-la elegerit_fw-la secundum_fw-la vires_fw-la tuas_fw-la respondebit_fw-la rex_fw-la concedo_fw-la &_o promitto_fw-la the_o word_n elegerit_fw-la be_v admit_v to_o be_v of_o the_o preterperfect_a tense_n it_o certain_o show_v that_o the_o people_n election_n have_v be_v the_o foundation_n and_o ground_n of_o ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n and_o the_o term_n of_o justas_fw-la leges_fw-la seem_v to_o allow_v a_o liberty_n of_o debate_n reason_n and_o argument_n so_o much_o as_o may_v be_v of_o efficacy_n and_o force_n to_o demonstrate_v and_o convince_v that_o the_o law_n so_o require_v by_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o king_n be_v just_a and_o reasonable_a the_o debate_n and_o consideration_n of_o which_o certain_o be_v never_o nor_o ever_o can_v be_v intend_v to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o diffusive_a capacity_n of_o all_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n separatim_fw-la but_o in_o a_o entire_a or_o in_o a_o aggregat_fw-la body_n that_o be_v in_o their_o communia_fw-la concilia_fw-la or_o parliament_n and_o with_o this_o agree_v the_o statute_n of_o provisor_n an._n 25_o e._n 3._o which_o say_v whereupon_o the_o 33._o say_v commons_o have_v pray_v our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n that_o upon_o the_o mischief_n and_o damage_n which_o happen_v to_o his_o realm_n he_o ought_v and_o be_v bind_v by_o his_o oath_n with_o the_o accord_n of_o his_o people_n in_o his_o parliament_n thereof_o to_o make_v remedy_n and_o law_n and_o remove_v the_o mischief_n and_o damage_n which_o thereof_o ensue_v and_o this_o they_o say_v since_o the_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v such_o nor_o indeed_o can_v i_o apprehend_v any_o colourable_a pretence_n much_o less_o a_o probable_a reason_n that_o if_o the_o baron_n have_v 49_o h._n 3._o usurp_v the_o sovereign_a power_n into_o their_o hand_n they_o shall_v 1._o so_o easy_o and_o speedy_o divide_v and_o share_v it_o with_o the_o commons_o constitute_v a_o new_a court_n of_o parliament_n and_o make_v they_o essential_a and_o coordinate_a with_o themselves_o in_o the_o legislative_a power_n sure_o we_o know_v it_o be_v natural_a for_o all_o court_n ampliare_fw-la &_o non_fw-la diminuere_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la 2._o that_o at_o that_o parliament_n the_o numerous_a baron_n as_o they_o style_v they_o shall_v but_o summon_v 23._o of_o their_o own_o order_n when_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n prior_n and_o dean_n make_v 120_o if_o we_o must_v be_v conclude_v by_o the_o record_n if_o there_o be_v then_o
she_o send_v writ_n in_o the_o king_n name_n direct_v archiepiscopis_fw-la 〈…〉_z episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la prioribus_fw-la comitibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la militibus_fw-la liberis_fw-la cominibus_fw-la civibus_fw-la &_o burgensibus_fw-la terrae_fw-la s_o 〈…〉_z hiberniae_fw-la tell_v they_o that_o mittimus_fw-la fratrem_fw-la nicholaum_n de_fw-la sancto_fw-la neoto_fw-la fratrem_fw-la hospiâ—â—i_fw-la sancti_fw-la johannis_n jerusalem_n in_fw-la anglia_fw-it ad_fw-la parse_n hiberniae_fw-la ad_fw-la exponendum_fw-la vobis_fw-la together_o with_o i._o fitz_n geoffrey_n the_o king_n justice_n the_o state_n of_o his_o land_n of_o vascony_n endanger_v by_o the_o hostile_a invasion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n qui_fw-fr nullo_n jure_fw-la sed_fw-la potentia_fw-la sua_fw-la consisus_fw-la terram_fw-la nostram_fw-la vasconiae_fw-la per_fw-la ipsius_fw-la fortitudinem_fw-la à _fw-la manibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la auferre_fw-la &_o à _fw-la dominio_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la segregare_fw-la 3._o proponit_fw-la and_o therefore_o universitatem_fw-la vestram_fw-la quanta_fw-la possumus_fw-la affectione_n rogantes_fw-la quatenus_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o jura_fw-la nostra_fw-la totaliter_fw-la indefensa_fw-la non_fw-la deserentes_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o tanto_fw-la periculo_fw-la quantumcunque_fw-la poteritis_fw-la de_fw-la gente_fw-la &_o pecunia_fw-la subveniatis_fw-la which_o will_v turn_v to_o their_o everlasting_a honour_n conclude_v his_o nostris_fw-la angustiis_fw-la taliter_fw-la compatientes_fw-la quod_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o baeredes_fw-la nostri_fw-la vobis_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la vestris_fw-la sumus_fw-la non_fw-la immerito_fw-la obligati_fw-la testae_fw-la regina_fw-la &_o r._n comite_fw-la cornubiae_fw-la apud_fw-la windesor_fw-la 17_o o_o die_v februarii_fw-la per_fw-la reginam_fw-la the_o other_o write_v somewhat_o vary_v 〈◊〉_d be_v a_o commission_n touch_v the_o chief_a justice_n fitz_n geoffrey_n to_o be_v as_o a_o assistant_n or_o co-commissioner_n with_o father_n nicholas_n to_o hold_v the_o parliament_n to_o declare_v to_o they_o the_o state_n of_o gascony_n &_o pericula_fw-la nobis_fw-la imminentia_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la tractandum_fw-la vobiscum_fw-la super_fw-la auxilio_fw-la nobis_fw-la faciendo_fw-la against_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n desire_v they_o will_v give_v faith_n to_o what_o the_o chief_a justice_n shall_v say_v to_o they_o thereupon_o rot._n pat._n 5_o e._n 1._o m._n 13._o we_o 13._o read_v rex_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la prioribus_fw-la comitibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la militibus_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la aliis_fw-la anglicis_fw-la de_fw-la terra_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la etc._n etc._n vobis_fw-la mandamus_fw-la quod_fw-la ad_fw-la certos_fw-la dies_fw-la quos_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la provideritis_fw-la videlicet_fw-la citra_fw-la festum_fw-la nativitatis_fw-la beatae_fw-la mariae_fw-la virgin_n in_o aliquibus_fw-la locis_fw-la opportunis_fw-la conveniatis_fw-la &_o diligentem_fw-la tractatum_fw-la inter_fw-la vos_fw-la habeatis_fw-la utrum_fw-la fuerit_fw-la praejudicio_fw-la vestri_fw-la &_o libertatum_fw-la &_o consuetudinum_fw-la vestrarum_fw-la that_o the_o mere_a irish_a shall_v use_v and_o enjoy_v the_o same_o law_n and_o custom_n in_o common_a as_o the_o english_a there_o and_o to_o send_v their_o judgement_n and_o counsel_n under_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o ireland_n and_o in_o the_o twenty_o year_n of_o this_o king_n magnates_n &_o dorso_fw-la probi_fw-la homines_fw-la terrae_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la quint_fw-la amdecimam_fw-la partem_fw-la de_fw-la bonis_fw-la &_o catallis_fw-la suis_fw-la concesserunt_fw-la gratiose_fw-la to_o the_o king_n which_o certain_o be_v do_v in_o the_o generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la or_o parliament_n and_o that_o the_o general_a phrase_n probi_fw-la homines_fw-la do_v include_v and_o comprehend_v the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n to_o be_v part_n of_o that_o general_n council_n for_o rot._n claus._n 7_o h._n 3._o m._n 7._o dorso_fw-la the_o citizen_n of_o dublin_n be_v call_v probi_fw-la homines_fw-la nostri_fw-la dublyn_n from_o hence_o may_v be_v observe_v 1._o that_o by_o the_o patent_n roll_v of_o 38_o h._n 3._o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v summon_v to_o meet_v at_o the_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n as_o well_o as_o the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n knight_n and_o freeholders_n and_o equal_o desire_v to_o give_v the_o king_n a_o subsidy_n of_o man_n and_o money_n 2._o that_o though_o in_o the_o writ_n of_o e._n 1._o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v not_o mention_v eo_fw-la nomine_fw-la the_o phrase_n of_o direction_n in_o writ_n be_v in_o those_o age_n very_o various_a sometime_o more_o general_a and_o sometime_o more_o particular_a yet_o the_o word_n omnibus_fw-la aliis_fw-la anglicis_fw-la after_o baronibus_fw-la &_o militibus_fw-la must_v comprehend_v the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n who_o be_v to_o meet_v and_o diligent_o to_o treat_v with_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n prior_n earl_n baron_n and_o knight_n and_o freeholder_n whether_o it_o will_v be_v in_o prejudice_n of_o their_o liberty_n and_o custom_n if_o the_o mere_a irish_a shall_v enjoy_v the_o same_o law_n and_o custom_n as_o they_o of_o the_o english_a extraction_n do_v and_o they_o be_v to_o join_v in_o give_v their_o judgement_n and_o counsel_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o reason_n itself_o speak_v it_o since_o the_o admission_n of_o the_o mere_a irish_a into_o equal_a privilege_n and_o right_n with_o themselves_o in_o their_o city_n and_o town_n will_v be_v of_o so_o great_a a_o consequence_n to_o they_o for_o upon_o the_o king_n grant_v by_o charter_n to_o several_a irish_a family_n the_o benefit_n of_o the_o english_a law_n great_a dispute_n arise_v so_o that_o rot._n claus._n 10_o e._n 2._o m._n 28._o intus_fw-la upon_o a_o petition_n to_o the_o king_n he_o grant_v that_o semel_fw-la in_o anno_fw-la teneâ—tur_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la to_o redress_v their_o grievance_n touch_v the_o irish_a and_o english_a law_n and_o so_o the_o word_n parliamentum_fw-la ascertain_v what_o those_o council_n be_v in_o the_o patent_n roll_v of_o 38_o h._n 3._o and_o 5_o e._n 1._o beforementioned_a and_o now_o i_o will_v close_v my_o argument_n declare_v under_o the_o good_a favour_n of_o so_o eminent_o learned_a author_n that_o their_o resolve_n and_o opinion_n which_o they_o have_v publish_v to_o the_o world_n that_o the_o inception_n and_o original_a election_n of_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n or_o the_o admission_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n as_o now_o phrased_a into_o parliament_n by_o rebellion_n and_o treason_n anno_fw-la 49_o h._n 3._o be_v not_o at_o all_o satisfactory_a and_o convince_a in_o my_o judgement_n unless_o they_o give_v more_o certain_a and_o great_a testimonial_n than_o yet_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o and_o answer_v these_o few_o record_n against_o their_o so_o severe_a position_n a_o position_n believe_v i_o that_o like_o a_o tempestuous_a whirlwind_n not_o only_o rend_v off_o and_o dismember_v a_o essential_a branch_n but_o shake_v the_o very_a root_n of_o the_o right_n and_o honour_n of_o our_o english_a parliament_n and_o equal_o wound_v both_o lord_n and_o commons_o because_o these_o learned_a author_n themselves_o do_v agree_v that_o there_o be_v not_o yet_o discover_v any_o formal_a summons_n of_o the_o great_a lord_n no_o more_o than_o of_o the_o commons_o to_o any_o parliament_n before_o the_o say_v 49_o h._n 3._o and_o here_o i_o must_v beg_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o reader_n of_o add_v a_o supplemental_a argument_n which_o at_o first_o i_o confess_v be_v not_o intend_v and_o it_o be_v this_o if_o in_o the_o general_a council_n or_o in_o our_o present_a dialect_n parliament_n for_o instance_n 1._o of_o france_n 2._o spain_n 3._o portugal_n 4._o denmark_n 5._o sweden_n and_o 6._o scotland_n the_o city_n and_o great_a town_n or_o borough_n have_v from_o time_n immemorable_a both_o de_fw-fr jure_fw-la and_o de_fw-la facto_fw-la have_v their_o delegate_n or_o representative_n upon_o what_o authority_n or_o reason_n can_v it_o be_v believe_v that_o so_o universal_a a_o northern_a custom_n or_o law_n do_v not_o obtain_v and_o be_v never_o practise_v in_o england_n before_o 49_o h._n 3_o 1._o for_o france_n we_o find_v their_o 9_o conventus_fw-la ordinum_fw-la or_o l'assemblie_n des_fw-fr estate_n consist_v the_o sacerdotio_fw-la nobilitate_fw-la &_o plebe_fw-la of_o the_o clergy_n nobility_n and_o commons_o this_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o parliament_n roll_v consimiliforma_fw-la 9_o h._n 5._o which_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o peace_n make_v between_o england_n and_o france_n that_o the_o same_o be_v confirm_v in_o france_n per_fw-la tres_fw-la status_fw-la regni_fw-la viz._n praelatorum_fw-la &_o cleri_fw-la necnon_fw-la procerum_fw-la &_o nobilium_fw-la ac_fw-la etiam_fw-la civium_fw-la delegate_n burgensium_fw-la civitatum_fw-la villarum_fw-la &_o communitatum_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la francorum_fw-la ipsi_fw-la tres_fw-la status_fw-la eandem_fw-la pacem_fw-la &_o omne_fw-la &_o singula_fw-la contenta_fw-la in_o eadem_fw-la approbarunt_fw-la laudarunt_fw-la acceptarunt_fw-la &_o auctorizarunt_fw-la it_o seem_v by_o this_o that_o the_o french_a king_n be_v not_o so_o despotical_a and_o absolute_a by_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o that_o kingdom_n as_o their_o successor_n have_v by_o act_n of_o power_n since_o make_v themselves_o 2._o in_o spain_n their_o curia_fw-la or_o cortes_n deal_v reyno_n be_v compound_v as_o dr._n heylin_n cite_v out_o of_o the_o