three_o touch_v this_o statute_n it_o may_v be_v observe_v what_o sir_n edward_n cook_n deliver_v out_o of_o plowdens_n commentary_n 330._o that_o the_o preamble_n of_o a_o statute_n be_v the_o key_n to_o open_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o maker_n of_o the_o act_n and_o the_o mischief_n which_o they_o intend_v to_o remedy_n now_o in_o the_o preamble_n of_o the_o statute_n it_o â—s_v suggest_v that_o the_o admiral_n have_v encroacht_v divers_a jurisdiction_n and_o franchise_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n &_o other_o lord_n from_o whence_o it_o may_v be_v conceive_v that_o the_o parliament_n intend_v only_o to_o restrain_v he_o from_o meddle_v in_o his_o court_n with_o such_o thing_n within_o the_o realm_n wherein_o he_o have_v encroacht_v upon_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o king_n and_o other_o lord_n which_o what_o those_o thing_n be_v it_o do_v no_o way_n appear_v but_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v or_o reasonable_o conceive_v that_o it_o be_v intend_v the_o admiral_n shall_v be_v debar_v from_o proceed_v in_o cause_n of_o navigation_n and_o negotiation_n by_o sea_n which_o never_o do_v belong_v to_o any_o other_o court_n of_o the_o king_n or_o other_o lord_n and_o be_v former_o hold_v proper_a for_o the_o conusance_n of_o the_o admiral_n and_o as_o thing_n be_v then_o state_v can_v not_o be_v hold_v encroachment_n so_o much_o may_v the_o rather_o be_v suppose_v because_o the_o statute_n restrain_v he_o from_o meddle_v with_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o realm_n but_o only_o with_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o sea_n further_o add_v according_a to_o what_o have_v be_v due_o use_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o noble_a prince_n king_n edward_n grandfather_n to_o the_o king_n which_o be_v king_n edward_n the_o three_o sir_n henry_n spâ—â—man_n write_v admiral_n that_o some_o man_n do_v conceive_v causarum_fw-la nauticarum_fw-la cognitionem_fw-la &_o forum_n rei_fw-la maritimae_fw-la quod_fw-la hodie_fw-la curiam_fw-la admiralitatis_fw-la vocant_fw-la sub_fw-la edwardo_n tertio_fw-la illuxisse_fw-la and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o in_o that_o king_n time_n who_o do_v many_o other_o glorious_a thing_n for_o the_o good_a of_o this_o nation_n the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n receive_v some_o setlement_n and_o grow_v more_o conspicuous_a than_o it_o be_v before_o but_o the_o constitution_n observe_v by_o mr._n selden_n in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o admiralty_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o 142._o richard_n the_o first_o king_n john_n and_o edward_n the_o first_o do_v manifest_a that_o the_o court_n be_v much_o more_o ancient_a and_o sir_n edward_n cook_n to_o show_v the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n to_o have_v be_v long_o before_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o in_o who_o day_n he_o say_v that_o some_o have_v dream_v that_o it_o have_v begin_v recite_v the_o ancient_a record_n de_fw-fr superioritate_fw-la maris_fw-la 144._o before_o mention_v and_o likewise_o another_o quote_v also_o by_o mr._n seldâ—n_n 16._o wherein_o it_o be_v show_v that_o king_n edw._n the_o three_o in_o the_o 12_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v consult_v with_o all_o his_o judge_n ad_fw-la finem_fw-la quod_fw-la retineatur_fw-la &_o continuetur_fw-la ad_fw-la subditorum_fw-la prosecutionem_fw-la forma_fw-la procedendi_fw-la quondam_a domini_fw-la regis_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o form_n of_o proceed_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o subject_n begin_v and_o ordain_v by_o his_o grandfather_n king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o his_o counsel_n for_o retain_v and_o preserve_v the_o ancient_a sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n and_o the_o right_n of_o the_o office_n of_o the_o admiralty_n in_o the_o same_o may_v be_v resume_v and_o continue_v touch_v the_o correct_v interpret_n and_o declare_v the_o law_n and_o statute_n late_o ordain_v for_o the_o maintain_n of_o peace_n and_o justice_n among_o the_o people_n of_o all_o nation_n whatsoever_o pass_v through_o the_o english_a sea_n and_o for_o punish_v of_o offence_n and_o for_o give_v of_o satisfaction_n to_o such_o as_o be_v damnify_v which_o law_n and_o statute_n be_v correct_v declare_v interpret_v and_o publish_v by_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o king_n of_o england_n in_o his_o return_n from_o the_o holy_a land_n and_o be_v entitle_v le_fw-fr ley_n oleron_n in_o the_o french_a tongue_n and_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o law_n be_v continue_v all_o that_o king_n time_n in_o regard_n that_o in_o the_o 49_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n the_o select_a seaman_n for_o the_o inquisition_n at_o quinborough_n in_o the_o conclusion_n say_v that_o touch_v some_o business_n propose_v in_o the_o article_n of_o the_o inquisition_n they_o know_v no_o better_o advise_v nor_o remedy_n than_o that_o which_o have_v be_v former_o use_v and_o practise_v after_o the_o manner_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n all_o which_o be_v admit_v and_o due_o consider_v it_o may_v be_v presume_v that_o such_o cause_n as_o do_v original_o by_o civil_a law_n belong_v to_o the_o admiralty_n and_o what_o former_a king_n have_v ancient_o ordain_v for_o the_o regulate_v of_o the_o same_o as_o likewise_o such_o as_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o matter_n decide_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o oleron_n and_o what_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o inquisition_n take_v at_o quinborough_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o be_v within_o the_o conusance_n of_o the_o admiralty_n court_n and_o consequent_o the_o same_o be_v permit_v to_o be_v try_v and_o determine_v in_o the_o same_o court_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 13_o of_o rich._n 2._o touch_v the_o judgement_n judicial_a act_n and_o book-case_n intend_v to_o restrain_v the_o admiral_n of_o england_n in_o exercise_n of_o his_o jurisdiction_n as_o it_o be_v grant_v in_o the_o king_n commission_n it_o may_v be_v answer_v in_o general_a first_o that_o those_o judgement_n judicial_a act_n etc._n etc._n be_v in_o cause_n of_o difference_n in_o respect_n of_o jurisdiction_n betwixt_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n and_o the_o admiralty_n court_n and_o it_o be_v incident_a to_o all_o profession_n where_o there_o be_v any_o competition_n or_o emulation_n with_o other_o to_o incline_v to_o that_o which_o be_v most_o to_o their_o advantage_n second_o such_o judgement_n sand_n book-case_n have_v be_v ground_v upon_o the_o common_a understanding_n of_o the_o statute_n without_o any_o notice_n or_o respect_n to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o the_o condition_n of_o maritime_a cause_n the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o place_n be_v the_o chief_a rule_n by_o which_o they_o have_v be_v frame_v three_o that_o many_o of_o they_o upon_o due_a examination_n may_v be_v find_v not_o so_o conclude_v as_o they_o be_v pretend_v and_o although_o much_o respect_n and_o reverence_n be_v due_a to_o the_o author_n yet_o we_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o believe_v that_o their_o judgement_n be_v infallible_a four_o that_o the_o judicial_a proceed_n as_o prohibition_n be_v the_o result_v of_o the_o former_a authority_n they_o may_v be_v weigh_v according_o last_o touch_v the_o main_a piece_n sir_n edward_n cook_n articuli_fw-la admiralitatis_fw-la carry_v the_o reputation_n of_o the_o resolution_n of_o all_o â—â—e_v judge_n touch_v the_o matter_n therein_o contain_v it_o will_v appear_v that_o they_o very_o much_o differ_v from_o the_o concession_n of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n 1575._o and_o from_o the_o resolution_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n the_o 18_o of_o february_n 1632_o subscribe_v unto_o by_o they_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o king_n charles_n and_o twenty_o lord_n of_o his_o counsel_n the_o particular_a authority_n which_o may_v be_v collect_v out_o of_o sr._n edward_n cook_n note_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n have_v no_o conusance_n of_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o realm_n but_o only_o of_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o sea_n be_v as_o follow_v 1_o that_o in_o the_o 2_o rich._n 2._o hibernici_n sunt_fw-la sub_fw-la admirallo_fw-la angliae_fw-la de_fw-la facto_fw-la super_fw-la alto_fw-mi mari._n 2_o that_o the_o 7_o rich._n 2._o in_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n bring_v for_o a_o ship_n and_o merchandises_n take_v away_o the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o he_o do_v take_v they_o en_fw-fr le_fw-fr haut_fw-fr mer_n ou_fw-fr les_fw-fr norman_n que_fw-fr la_fw-fr enemis_fw-fr la_fw-fr roy_fw-fr and_o it_o be_v allow_v a_o good_a plea_n 3_o that_o fortescue_n who_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n the_o six_o say_v siquae_fw-la super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la extra_fw-la corpus_fw-la comitatus_fw-la in_o placito_fw-la coram_fw-la admirallo_fw-la deducantur_fw-la per_fw-la testes_fw-la terminari_fw-la debent_fw-la 4_o that_o dyer_n in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n mary_n say_v that_o by_o the_o libel_n in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n the_o case_n be_v suppose_v to_o commence_v sur_fw-fr le_fw-fr haut_fw-fr mer_fw-fr &_o intra_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la de_fw-fr l'_fw-fr admiralty_n to_o these_o authority_n may_v be_v answer_v in_o general_a first_o that_o
the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n of_o england_n assert_v against_o sr._n edward_n coke_n articuli_fw-la admiralitatis_fw-la in_o xxii_o chapter_n of_o his_o jurisdiction_n of_o court_n by_o richard_n zouch_v doctor_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o late_a judge_n of_o the_o high_a court_n of_o admiralty_n london_n print_v for_o francis_n titan_n and_o thomas_n dring_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v at_o their_o shop_n in_o fleetstreet_n 1663._o thomas_n foley_n of_o great_a witley_n court_n in_o the_o county_n of_o worcester_n esqr._o to_o the_o reader_n i_o do_v certify_v and_o attest_v that_o the_o treatise_n entitle_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o high_a court_n of_o admiralty_n assert_v etc._n etc._n by_o dr._n zouch_n be_v deliver_v into_o my_o hand_n by_o the_o author_n himself_o to_o be_v print_v and_o which_o he_o intend_v to_o have_v dedicate_v to_o his_o royal_a highness_n james_n duke_n of_o york_z lord_n high_z admiral_z of_o england_n drs_n commons_o febr._n 25._o 1663._o tim._n baldwyn_n assertion_n concern_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n of_o england_n 1._o that_o in_o all_o place_n where_o navigation_n and_o trade_n by_o sea_n have_v be_v in_o use_n and_o esteem_v and_o particular_o in_o england_n special_a law_n have_v be_v provide_v for_o regulate_v the_o same_o 2._o that_o in_o all_o place_n where_o law_n have_v be_v provide_v for_o business_n concern_v the_o sea_n as_o also_o in_o england_n special_a judge_n have_v be_v appoint_v to_o determine_v difference_n and_o to_o redress_v offence_n concern_v the_o same_o 3._o that_o in_o all_o place_n where_o special_a judge_n have_v be_v appoint_v for_o sea_n affair_n as_o also_o in_o england_n certain_a cause_n viz._n all_o such_o as_o have_v relation_n to_o navigation_n and_o negotiation_n by_o sea_n have_v be_v hold_v proper_a for_o their_o conusance_n 4._o that_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o lord_n high_a admiral_n of_o england_n as_o it_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n and_o usual_o exercise_v in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n may_v consist_v with_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n 5._o that_o the_o lord_n admiral_n of_o england_n may_v hold_v conusance_n of_o contract_n and_o write_n make_v at_o land_n touch_v business_n of_o navigation_n and_o trade_n by_o sea_n 6._o that_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n may_v hold_v conusance_n of_o thing_n do_v in_o port_n and_o navigable_a river_n as_o touch_v damage_n do_v to_o person_n ship_n and_o good_n annoyance_n of_o free_a passage_n and_o unlawful_a fish_n 7._o that_o the_o lord_n admiral_n of_o england_n may_v hold_v plea_n of_o contract_n and_o other_o thing_n do_v beyond_o the_o sea_n relate_v to_o navigation_n and_o trade_n by_o sea_n 8._o that_o the_o court_n and_o judge_n of_o the_o common-law_n do_v intermeddle_v with_o and_o interrupt_v the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n in_o cause_n proper_o belong_v to_o that_o court_n 9_o that_o the_o trial_n of_o cause_n concern_v navigation_n and_o trade_n in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n be_v more_o commodious_a for_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o subject_n thereof_o than_o in_o the_o court_n of_o common-law_n sir_n edward_z coke_n jurisdiction_n of_o court_n cap._n xxii_o the_o court_n of_o the_o admiralty_n proceed_v according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o complaint_n of_o the_o lord_n admiral_n of_o england_n to_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n admiralitatis_fw-la against_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n concern_v prohibition_n grant_v to_o the_o court_n of_o the_o admiralty_n 11_o febr._n penultimo_fw-la die_fw-la termini_fw-la hillarii_n admiral_n anno_fw-la 8._o jac._n regis_n the_o effect_n of_o which_o complaint_n be_v after_o by_o his_o majesty_n commandment_n set_v down_o in_o article_n by_o dr._n dun_n judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n which_o be_v as_o follow_v with_o answer_n to_o the_o same_o by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o they_o afterward_o confirm_v by_o three_o kind_n of_o authority_n in_o law_n 1._o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 2._o by_o judgement_n and_o judicial_a proceed_n and_o last_o by_o book_n case_n complaint_n certain_a grievance_n whereof_o the_o lord_n admiral_n and_o his_o officer_n of_o the_o admiralty_n do_v especial_o complain_v and_o desire_v redress_v 1._o that_o whereas_o the_o conusance_n of_o all_o contract_n and_o other_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o sea_n belong_v to_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n the_o same_o be_v make_v tryable_a at_o the_o common-law_n by_o suppose_v the_o same_o to_o have_v be_v do_v in_o cheapside_n or_o such_o place_n answer_n by_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n the_o court_n of_o the_o admiral_n have_v no_o conusance_n power_n or_o jurisdiction_n of_o any_o manner_n of_o contract_n plea_n or_o querele_n within_o any_o county_n of_o the_o realm_n either_o upon_o the_o land_n or_o water_n but_o every_o such_o contract_n plea_n or_o querele_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n rise_v within_o any_o county_n of_o the_o realm_n either_o upon_o the_o land_n or_o water_n and_o also_o wreck_n of_o the_o sea_n aught_o to_o be_v try_v determine_v discuss_v and_o remedy_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o not_o before_o or_o by_o the_o admiral_n or_o his_o lieutenant_n in_o any_o manner_n so_o as_o it_o be_v not_o material_a whether_o the_o place_n be_v upon_o the_o water_n infra_fw-la fluxum_fw-la &_o refluxum_fw-la aquae_fw-la but_o whether_o it_o be_v upon_o any_o water_n within_o any_o county_n wherefore_o we_o acknowledge_v that_o of_o contract_n plea_n and_o quereles_a make_v upon_o the_o sea_n or_o any_o part_n thereof_o which_o be_v not_o within_o any_o county_n from_o whence_o no_o trial_n can_v be_v have_v by_o twelve_o man_n the_o admiral_n have_v and_o aught_o to_o have_v jurisdiction_n and_o no_o precedent_n can_v be_v show_v that_o any_o prohibition_n have_v be_v grant_v for_o any_o contract_n plea_n or_o querele_n concern_v any_o marine_a cause_n make_v or_o do_v upon_o the_o sea_n take_v that_o only_o to_o be_v the_o sea_n wherein_o the_o admiral_n have_v jurisdiction_n which_o be_v before_o by_o law_n describe_v to_o be_v out_o of_o any_o county_n see_v more_o of_o this_o matter_n in_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o six_o article_n when_o action_n be_v bring_v in_o the_o admiralty_n upon_o bargain_n or_o contract_n make_v beyond_o the_o sea_n 2._o wherein_o the_o commom-law_n can_v administer_v justice_n yet_o in_o these_o cause_n prohibition_n be_v award_v against_o the_o admiral_n court_n bargain_n or_o contract_n make_v beyond_o the_o sea_n answer_n wherein_o the_o common-law_n can_v administer_v justice_n precedent_n which_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o this_o article_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n for_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n be_v whole_o consign_v to_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v out_o of_o any_o county_n but_o if_o any_o indenture_n bond_n or_o other_o specialty_n or_o any_o contract_n be_v make_v beyond_o sea_n for_o do_v of_o any_o act_n or_o payment_n of_o any_o money_n within_o this_o realm_n or_o otherwise_o wherein_o the_o common-law_n can_v administer_v justice_n and_o give_v ordinary_a remedy_n in_o these_o case_n neither_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n nor_o the_o court_n of_o the_o admiralty_n have_v any_o jurisdiction_n and_o therefore_o when_o this_o court_n of_o the_o admiralty_n have_v deal_v therewith_o in_o derogation_n of_o the_o common-law_n we_o find_v that_o prohibition_n have_v be_v grant_v as_o by_o law_n they_o ought_v 3._o whereas_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n the_o admiral_n court_n have_v use_v to_o take_v stipulation_n for_o appearance_n and_o performance_n of_o the_o act_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o same_o court_n it_o be_v now_o affirm_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common-law_n that_o the_o admiral_n court_n be_v no_o court_n of_o record_n and_o therefore_o not_o able_a to_o take_v such_o stipulation_n and_o hereupon_o prohibition_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o utter_a overthrow_n of_o that_o jurisdiction_n answer_n the_o court_n of_o the_o admiralty_n proceed_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v no_o court_n of_o record_n and_o therefore_o can_v take_v any_o such_o recognisance_n as_o a_o court_n of_o record_n may_v do_v and_o for_o take_v of_o recognizance_n against_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n we_o find_v that_o prohibition_n have_v be_v grant_v as_o by_o law_n they_o ought_v and_o if_o a_o erroneous_a sentence_n be_v give_v in_o that_o court_n no_o writ_n of_o error_n but_o a_o appeal_n to_o certain_a delegate_n do_v lie_v as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 8_o eliz._n reginae_fw-la cap._n 5._o which_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v no_o court_n of_o record_n 5._o that_o charter-party_n make_v only_o to_o be_v perform_v upon_o the_o sea_n 4._o be_v daily_o withdraw_v from_o that_o court_n by_o prohibition_n if_o the_o charter-party_n be_v make_v within_o any_o city_n answer_n port_n town_n or_o county_n of_o this_o realm_n although_o it_o be_v
law_n and_o statute_n law_n of_o england_n take_v notice_n of_o the_o law_n merchant_n and_o do_v leave_v the_o â—_z of_o merchant_n to_o be_v decide_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o that_o law_n which_o law_n merchant_n he_o say_v as_o it_o be_v part_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n be_v universal_a and_o one_o and_o the_o same_o in_o all_o country_n of_o the_o world_n for_o as_o cicero_n say_v of_o that_o law_n 3._o non_fw-la erit_fw-la alia_fw-la lex_fw-la romae_fw-la alia_fw-la athenis_fw-la alia_fw-la nunc_fw-la alia_fw-la post_fw-la haec_fw-la sed_fw-la et_fw-la omnes_fw-la gentes_fw-la et_fw-la omni_fw-la tempore_fw-la una_fw-la eademque_fw-la lex_fw-la obtinebit_fw-la whereby_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o cause_n concern_v merchant_n be_v not_o now_o to_o be_v decide_v by_o the_o peculiar_a and_o ordinary_a law_n of_o every_o country_n but_o by_o the_o general_a law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n he_o say_v further_a that_o until_o he_o understand_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o law_n merchant_n and_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n he_o do_v not_o a_o little_a marvel_n that_o england_n entertain_v traffic_n with_o all_o nation_n of_o the_o world_n have_v so_o many_o port_n and_o so_o much_o good_a ship_n the_o king_n of_o england_n also_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n what_o shall_v be_v the_o cause_n that_o in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n there_o be_v to_o be_v find_v so_o few_o case_n concern_v merchant_n or_o ship_n but_o now_o the_o reason_n thereof_o be_v apparent_a for_o that_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n do_v leave_v those_o case_n to_o be_v rule_v by_o another_o law_n namely_o the_o law_n merchant_n which_o be_v a_o branch_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n the_o law_n mariner_n to_o which_o happy_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o french_a agent_n mention_v ancient_a addition_n of_o the_o realm_n relate_v be_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v contain_v and_o preserve_v in_o the_o ancient_a black_a book_n of_o the_o admiralty_n as_o certain_a royal_a ordinance_n make_v by_o ancient_a king_n of_o the_o realm_n 2_o the_o judgement_n or_o resolution_n of_o oleron_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o 3_o certain_a verdict_n give_v upon_o a_o inquisition_n at_o quinborough_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o and_o some_o other_o matter_n touch_v the_o admiralty_n of_o england_n touch_v the_o black_a book_n of_o the_o admiralty_n mr._n selden_n style_v it_o 28._o vetusti_fw-la tribunalis_fw-la maritimi_fw-la commentarii_fw-la and_o codex_fw-la manuscriptus_fw-la de_fw-la admiralatu_fw-la and_o in_o his_o note_n upon_o fortescue_n 32._o he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v in_o it_o worthy_a of_o observation_n constitution_n touch_v the_o admiralty_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o richard_n the_o first_o king_n john_n and_o edward_n the_o first_o touch_v the_o judgement_n or_o law_n of_o oleron_n 254._o and_o the_o use_n of_o they_o in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n mr._n selden_n where_o he_o from_o they_o argue_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o regard_n king_n richard_n the_o first_o do_v publish_v the_o sea_n law_n in_o the_o island_n of_o oleron_n which_o be_v then_o in_o his_o possession_n say_v that_o they_o be_v still_o in_o force_n and_o sir_n edward_n cook_n likewise_o argue_v 234._o that_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o lord_n admiral_n be_v long_o before_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o from_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n so_o call_v because_o they_o be_v there_o make_v by_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o the_o inquisition_n at_o quinborough_n be_v take_v in_o the_o year_n 1376._o in_o the_o 49._o of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o by_o eighteen_o expert_a seaman_n before_o william_n nevil_n admiral_n of_o the_o north_n philip_n courtny_n admiral_n of_o the_o west_n and_o the_o lord_n latimer_n warden_n of_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n and_o relate_v as_o by_o the_o title_n appear_v to_o the_o usage_n of_o former_a time_n the_o verdict_n there_o give_v be_v desire_v to_o be_v establish_v by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n in_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n and_o town_n adjoin_v to_o the_o thames_n to_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o owner_n master_n and_o mariner_n of_o ship_n under_o penalty_n 17._o etc._n etc._n and_o malines_n write_v that_o he_o have_v see_v they_o enroll_v among_o the_o record_n of_o the_o tower_n for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o admiralty_n 2_o that_o general_o where_o law_n have_v be_v provide_v for_o business_n concern_v the_o sea_n as_o also_o in_o england_n several_a judge_n have_v be_v appoint_v to_o determine_v difference_n and_o redress_v offence_n concern_v the_o same_o 37._o gregorius_n tholosanus_n say_v judicum_fw-la diversorum_fw-la ratio_fw-la eo_fw-la dirigitur_fw-la ut_fw-la light_n facilius_fw-la expediantur_fw-la ne_fw-la immortales_fw-la sint_fw-la sub_fw-la judicibus_fw-la mole_n negotiorum_fw-la occupatis_fw-la &_o proinde_fw-la cum_fw-la commercia_fw-la hominum_fw-la sint_fw-la maximae_fw-la utilitatis_fw-la placuit_fw-la negotiatoribus_fw-la proponi_fw-la proprios_fw-la judices_fw-la and_o according_o first_o the_o grecian_n have_v their_o special_a and_o proper_a judge_n appoint_v for_o those_o business_n so_o suidas_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n the_o natodicae_fw-la be_v magistrate_n who_o do_v justice_n to_o seaman_n and_o other_o who_o trade_n by_o sea_n and_o the_o athenian_n have_v a_o express_a law_n to_o that_o purpose_n atticis_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n that_o action_n concern_v seaman_n and_o merchant_n shall_v be_v commence_v before_o the_o judge_n call_v the_o smothetae_fw-la according_a to_o their_o instrument_n of_o contract_n and_o deal_n second_o among_o the_o roman_n there_o be_v ancient_o a_o officer_n call_v praefectus_fw-la classis_fw-la by_o tully_n and_o livy_n 14._o and_o javolenus_fw-la make_v mention_n of_o seius_n saturninus_n archigubernius_fw-la classis_fw-la britannicae_n and_o tacitus_n of_o praetor_n classis_fw-la which_o name_n import_v a_o power_n of_o judicature_n in_o latter_a time_n they_o have_v also_o a_o magistrate_n who_o be_v call_v comes_fw-la commerciorum_fw-la commercijs_fw-la who_o office_n be_v to_o oversee_v matter_n of_o commerce_n or_o negotiation_n three_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v break_v into_o several_a state_n the_o lesser_a as_o republic_n have_v their_o consul_n and_o the_o great_a kingdom_n have_v their_o admiral_n to_o order_n and_o determine_v those_o business_n the_o office_n of_o the_o consul_n be_v describe_v in_o the_o consolato_fw-la del_fw-it mare_fw-la consoli_n determinano_n â—utti_v le_fw-fr controversy_n 20._o etc._n etc._n the_o consul_n determine_v all_o controversy_n which_o be_v for_o fraight_n for_o damage_n do_v to_o good_n on_o shipbord_n for_o part_n of_o ship_n to_o be_v set_v to_o sale_n at_o a_o outcry_n for_o commission_n give_v to_o master_n and_o mariner_n for_o debt_n contract_v by_o master_n for_o the_o necessary_a use_n of_o the_o ship_n for_o thing_n promise_v or_o undertake_v betwixt_o merchant_n and_o mariner_n for_o good_n take_v up_o at_o sea_n and_o general_o for_o all_o other_o contract_n and_o business_n which_o be_v declare_v among_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o sea_n 27._o four_o the_o venetian_a state_n be_v a_o seignory_n when_o any_o great_a war_n be_v expect_v or_o undertake_v have_v their_o general_n or_o supreme_a commander_n of_o the_o navy_n who_o be_v of_o as_o high_a a_o esteem_n as_o any_o magistrate_n of_o the_o city_n have_v absolute_a power_n over_o all_o officer_n and_o other_o of_o the_o navy_n at_o other_o time_n the_o legatus_fw-la classis_fw-la or_o vice-general_n have_v the_o power_n of_o dispose_n of_o the_o navy_n and_o over_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o galley_n and_o other_o person_n of_o the_o navy_n 17._o they_o have_v beside_o four_o consul_n who_o judge_n and_o determine_v all_o matter_n concern_v negotiation_n and_o trade_n 26._o five_o admiral_n in_o europe_n have_v their_o beginning_n as_o most_o affirm_v in_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n the_o emperor_n and_o that_o in_o magna_fw-la graecia_n which_o be_v now_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n where_o the_o dignity_n of_o admiral_n be_v the_o three_o place_n to_o wit_n after_o the_o vice_n roy_fw-fr admire_v and_o constable_n to_o who_o belong_v the_o building_n repair_v and_o keep_v of_o the_o ship_n royal_a and_o set_v out_o of_o the_o fleet_n for_o war_n with_o the_o king_n consent_n he_o have_v also_o jurisdiction_n civil_a and_o criminal_a among_o commander_n officer_n and_o other_o employ_v about_o the_o navy_n and_o all_o other_o who_o get_v their_o livelihood_n by_o the_o industry_n and_o art_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v such_o which_o transport_v in_o ship_n and_o adventure_v their_o estate_n by_o sea_n as_o also_o such_o that_o make_v it_o their_o trade_n to_o take_v fish_n or_o do_v build_v ship_n this_o court_n be_v call_v magna_fw-la curia_fw-la and_o from_o it_o there_o lie_v a_o appeal_n only_o to_o the_o supreme_a
recite_v in_o the_o solemn_a form_n of_o the_o admiral_n commission_n by_o mr._n selden_n as_o sufficient_a to_o his_o purpose_n and_o then_o say_v he_o follow_v many_o thing_n declare_v that_o most_o ample_a power_n and_o jurisdiction_n among_o which_o be_v express_v in_o civil_a cause_n that_o to_o he_o it_o be_v grant_v ad_fw-la cognoscendum_fw-la de_fw-la placitis_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o hold_v conusance_n of_o plea_n debt_n bill_n of_o exchange_n policy_n of_o assurance_n account_n charter-party_n contraction_n bill_n of_o lade_n and_o all_o other_o contract_n which_o may_v any_o way_n concern_v money_n due_a for_o freight_n of_o ship_n hire_v and_o let_v to_o hire_v money_n lend_v to_o be_v pay_v beyond_o the_o sea_n at_o the_o hazard_n of_o the_o lender_n and_o also_o of_o any_o cause_n business_n or_o injury_n whatsoever_o have_v or_o do_v in_o or_o upon_o or_o through_o the_o sea_n or_o public_a river_n or_o fresh_a water_n stream_n havens_n and_o place_n subject_a to_o overflow_a whatsoever_o within_o the_o flow_a and_o ebb_v of_o the_o sea_n upon_o the_o shore_n or_o bank_n whatsoever_o adjoin_v to_o they_o or_o either_o of_o they_o from_o any_o the_o say_v first_o bridge_n whatsoever_o towards_o the_o sea_n throughout_o our_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o ireland_n or_o our_o dominion_n aforesaid_a or_o else_o where_o beyond_o the_o sea_n or_o in_o any_o port_n beyond_o the_o sea_n whatsoever_o with_o divers_a other_o clause_n contain_v power_n of_o coercion_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o that_o jurisdiction_n by_o the_o commission_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n grant_v likewise_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 28_o of_o henry_n the_o 8._o chap._n 15._o and_o other_o statute_n for_o the_o punish_n of_o offence_n and_o matter_n criminal_a commit_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n power_n be_v grant_v in_o the_o king_n name_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v de_fw-fr omnibus_fw-la &_o singulis_fw-la proditionibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n of_o all_o and_o singular_a treason_n robbery_n murder_n felony_n and_o confederacy_n etc._n etc._n as_o well_o in_o and_o upon_o the_o sea_n or_o any_o river_n port_n or_o freshwater_n creek_n or_o place_n whatsoever_o within_o the_o flow_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o the_o full_a beneath_o the_o first_o bridge_n towards_o the_o sea_n as_o upon_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o elsewhere_o within_o the_o king_n maritime_a jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o same_o as_o well_o against_o the_o peace_n and_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n as_o against_o the_o king_n law_n statute_n and_o ordinance_n of_o the_o king_n court_n of_o admiralty_n and_o also_o touch_v all_o and_o singular_a other_o matter_n which_o concern_v merchant_n owner_n and_o proprietary_n of_o ship_n master_n shipman_n mariner_n shipwright_n fisherman_n workman_n labourer_n saylour_n servitor_n or_o any_o other_o 3_o that_o in_o all_o place_n where_o judge_n have_v be_v appoint_v for_o sea_n business_n as_o also_o in_o england_n certain_a cause_n viz._n such_o as_o have_v relation_n to_o navigation_n and_o negotiation_n by_o sea_n have_v be_v hold_v proper_a for_o their_o conusance_n maritime_a law_n say_v godeâ—ry_a concern_v person_n or_o deal_n between_o merchant_n and_o seaman_n varlet_n which_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o subject_a matter_n of_o the_o several_a law_n mention_v in_o the_o first_o chapter_n and_o what_o appear_v to_o have_v belong_v to_o the_o office_n of_o maritime_a judge_n among_o the_o grecian_n cause_n happen_v betwixt_o merchant_n and_o seaman_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d cause_n concerconcern_v trade_n 〈◊〉_d as_o julius_n pollux_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o suidas_n testify_v the_o rhodian_a law_n although_o as_o they_o be_v now_o extant_a be_v not_o rank_v under_o distinct_a head_n or_o title_n yet_o they_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o particular_n as_o first_o concern_v hire_v &_o freight_v of_o ship_n second_o concern_v transport_v passenger_n and_o good_n three_o touch_v the_o delivery_n ad_fw-la discharge_v the_o thing_n receive_v in_o good_a condition_n four_o touch_v contribution_n for_o loss_n in_o common_a danger_n and_o for_o savage_a of_o good_n five_o for_o borrow_v and_o trust_v of_o money_n for_o sea-voyage_n six_o concern_v mariner_n duty_n their_o wage_n and_o the_o like_a the_o same_o be_v the_o matter_n take_v into_o cosideration_n deprecatio_fw-la when_o the_o roman_a senate_n enter_v into_o a_o consultation_n to_o settle_v the_o business_n of_o the_o sea_n for_o when_o tiberius_n claudius_n have_v signify_v to_o they_o that_o the_o seaman_n and_o merchant_n trade_v by_o sea_n have_v beseech_v he_o that_o such_o business_n which_o be_v incident_a to_o the_o sea_n may_v be_v reduce_v into_o some_o order_n nero_n than_o a_o senator_n advise_v that_o some_o may_v be_v send_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o rhodes_n who_o shall_v diligent_o inquire_v and_o take_v notice_n of_o what_o be_v there_o observe_v concern_v mariner_n seaman_n merchant_n and_o passenger_n good_n put_v on_o board_n ship_n partnership_n building_n buy_v or_o sell_v of_o ship_n entrust_v gold_n and_o silver_n and_o divers_a other_o thing_n all_o which_o be_v do_v according_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o title_n of_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n into_o which_o the_o rhodian_a law_n be_v insert_v and_o by_o the_o law_n touch_v sea_n affair_n which_o afterward_o the_o greek_a empire_n receive_v from_o the_o roman_n 33._o as_o in_o the_o title_n de_fw-fr nauticis_fw-la obligationibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n touch_v the_o obligation_n or_o duty_n of_o mariner_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o action_n which_o may_v be_v bring_v concern_v ship_n or_o those_o who_o sail_n in_o ship_n owner_n master_n or_o passenger_n moreover_o touch_v wreck_n of_o ship_n cast_v forth_o of_o good_n and_o contribution_n and_o also_o fisherman_n and_o fish_n the_o same_o business_n also_o be_v regulate_v by_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o consolato_fw-la del_fw-it mare_fw-la in_o which_o be_v contain_v the_o statute_n and_o ordinance_n of_o ancient_a authority_n provide_v for_o all_o cause_n of_o merchandise_v and_o navigation_n as_o it_o be_v more_o full_o signify_v in_o a_o chapter_n of_o that_o book_n 24._o nello_n progresso_fw-la di_fw-it questo_fw-la libro_fw-la in_o the_o progress_n of_o this_o book_n it_o be_v declare_v how_o the_o master_n of_o ship_n ought_v to_o demean_v themselves_o towards_o merchant_n mariner_n stranger_n and_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o people_n which_o pass_v in_o their_o ship_n and_o also_o how_o merchant_n ought_v to_o perform_v with_o master_n of_o ship_n and_o how_o stranger_n and_o other_o ought_v to_o pay_v freight_v for_o the_o transport_v of_o their_o person_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o be_v make_v good_a in_o the_o particular_a ordinance_n and_o constitution_n therein_o contain_v the_o sea-lawe_n in_o the_o spanish_a partidaes_n have_v the_o same_o scope_n 9_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o title_n we_o intend_v here_o to_o speak_v of_o ship_v hire_v to_o undergo_v the_o adventure_n of_o tbe_n sea_n and_o we_o will_v show_v what_o thing_n the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n ought_v to_o observe_v towards_o the_o merchant_n and_o how_o the_o damage_n that_o shall_v happen_v to_o good_n cast_v over_o board_n by_o occasion_n of_o storm_n ought_v to_o be_v divide_v and_o of_o the_o price_n due_a for_o the_o hire_n of_o ship_n and_o of_o other_o matter_n with_o may_v concern_v the_o same_o affair_n so_o much_o be_v likewise_o signify_v in_o the_o title_n of_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n which_o in_o the_o edition_n annex_v to_o the_o custom_n of_o normandy_n be_v call_v ordonance_n royaul_v touchant_a le_fw-fr fait_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mere_n as_o also_o judgement_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mere_a des_fw-fr nef_n des_fw-fr mariner_n &_o aussi_fw-fr des_fw-fr merchant_n &_o de_fw-fr tout_fw-fr leur_fw-fr estre_fw-fr and_o in_o the_o edition_n set_v out_o by_o peter_n garrias_fw-la la_fw-fr maniere_n comme_fw-fr les_fw-fr maestres_fw-mi de_fw-fr navire_n the_o manner_n how_o master_n of_o ship_n merchant_n and_o mariner_n aught_o to_o regulate_v and_o govern_v themselves_o according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o roll_n of_o oleron_n notwithstanding_o these_o example_n of_o the_o usage_n of_o all_o other_o nation_n some_o among_o we_o as_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o determine_v that_o to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n no_o special_a or_o certain_a cause_n do_v belong_v so_o the_o lord_n hobard_fw-mi in_o aud_o and_o jenning_n case_n affirm_v that_o their_o jurisdiction_n be_v not_o in_o respect_n of_o any_o certain_a cause_n as_o the_o cause_n of_o tithe_n and_o testament_n be_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n but_o only_o in_o respect_n of_o place_n and_o no_o doubt_n but_o sir_n edward_n cook_n and_o other_o who_o talk_v so_o much_o of_o altum_fw-la mare_fw-la be_v
amend_v save_v or_o necessary_a victual_v of_o a_o ship_n against_o the_o ship_n itself_o and_o not_o against_o any_o party_n by_o name_n but_o such_o as_o for_o his_o interest_n make_v himself_o a_o party_n no_o prohibition_n be_v to_o be_v grant_v though_o this_o be_v do_v within_o the_o realm_n 6_o that_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n may_v hold_v conusance_n of_o thing_n do_v in_o port_n and_o navigable_a river_n as_o touch_v damage_n do_v to_o person_n ship_n and_o good_n annoyance_n of_o the_o public_a passage_n and_o unlawful_a fish_n first_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o port_n and_o navigable_a river_n be_v place_n where_o maritime_a business_n and_o cause_n of_o difference_n concern_v the_o same_o may_v happen_v as_o well_o as_o on_o the_o main_a sea_n itself_o and_o in_o truth_n be_v more_o proper_a for_o such_o affair_n than_o for_o any_o ordinary_a business_n of_o the_o land_n portus_n say_v ulpian_n est_fw-la locus_fw-la conclusus_fw-la quo_fw-la importantur_fw-la merces_fw-la &_o exportantur_fw-la signif_n and_o importation_n and_o exportation_n of_o good_n do_v chief_o concern_v navigation_n and_o merchant_n affair_n second_o flumina_fw-la navigabilia_fw-la that_o be_v navigable_a river_n be_v of_o the_o same_o condition_n and_o use_n and_o it_o be_v allow_v by_o the_o common_a law_n that_o every_o water_n which_o flow_v and_o reflow_v be_v a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o mr._n selden_n maintain_v that_o navigable_a river_n be_v in_o the_o king_n special_a dominion_n 18._o and_o protection_n and_o under_o the_o king_n within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n for_o he_o show_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o admiral_n of_o france_n and_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n sai_z the_o government_n of_o rivers_n which_o be_v in_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n belong_v not_o to_o the_o admiral_n of_o france_n but_o to_o the_o special_a jurisdiction_n of_o those_o who_o be_v call_v the_o precedent_n or_o master_n of_o the_o water_n and_o forest_n for_o the_o public_a river_n as_o he_o affirm_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o that_o kingdom_n belong_v whole_o to_o another_o office_n and_o not_o to_o that_o of_o the_o admiral_n as_o it_o do_v to_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n three_o it_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o judgement_n of_o oleron_n establish_v for_o law_n in_o the_o admiralty_n of_o england_n that_o many_o cause_n be_v resolve_v concern_v damage_n do_v by_o one_o ship_n to_o another_o sail_v in_o the_o river_n and_o for_o fall_v foul_a one_o upon_o another_o in_o the_o port_n or_o harbour_n as_o also_o for_o loss_n do_v to_o merchant_n good_n in_o the_o port_n of_o discharge_n by_o miscarriage_n in_o the_o unload_v by_o reason_n of_o unfit_a coardage_n and_o tackle_v it_o may_v likewise_o be_v show_v out_o of_o the_o inquisition_n take_v at_o quinborough_n that_o many_o thing_n do_v in_o port_n and_o navigable_a river_n be_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n as_o shipwrights_a take_v excessive_a wage_n remove_v of_o anchor_n cut_v of_o buoy_z rope_n and_o take_v salmon_n at_o unseasonable_a time_n the_o use_n of_o unlawful_a net_n the_o spoil_n of_o bed_n of_o oyster_n the_o dreg_n for_o oyster_n and_o mussells_n at_o unseasonable_a time_n and_o divers_a other_o matter_n against_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n in_o this_o respect_n be_v pretend_v likewise_o statute_n book-case_n judicial_a act_n etc._n etc._n by_o which_o it_o be_v endeavour_v to_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n be_v confine_v only_o to_o the_o high_a sea_n and_o whole_o exclude_v from_o thing_n do_v in_o port_n and_o navigable_a river_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v within_o the_o body_n of_o the_o county_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o first_o statute_n be_v that_o of_o 15._o richard_n 2._o which_o declare_v that_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n have_v no_o manner_n of_o conusance_n power_n or_o jurisdiction_n of_o any_o contract_n etc._n etc._n or_o any_o other_o thing_n rise_v within_o the_o body_n of_o county_n either_o by_o land_n or_o by_o water_n which_o late_a part_n be_v so_o general_n and_o uncertain_a that_o according_a to_o the_o general_n rule_v deliver_v by_o sir_n edw._n cook_n before_o mention_v lex_fw-la generaliter_fw-la loquens_fw-la restringenda_fw-la est_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o by_o the_o general_a understanding_n of_o it_o as_o it_o be_v most_o general_o understand_v by_o the_o professor_n of_o the_o common_a law_n it_o do_v not_o only_o debarr_v the_o admiral_n from_o the_o conusance_n of_o those_o cause_n which_o he_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v encroach_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n but_o also_o from_o the_o conusance_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o they_o be_v wont_a or_o aught_o to_o have_v of_o right_a contrary_a to_o the_o express_a meaning_n of_o the_o preamble_n of_o that_o statute_n as_o all_o those_o cause_n which_o before_o this_o statute_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o admiral_n by_o the_o roll_n of_o oleron_n and_o the_o inquisition_n at_o quinborough_n but_o it_o may_v reasonable_o and_o probable_o be_v conceive_v that_o the_o statute_n intend_v to_o restrain_v the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n intend_v by_o the_o word_n other_o thing_n in_o general_a such_o thing_n about_o which_o action_n and_o suit_n at_o the_o common_a law_n may_v arise_v and_o have_v before_o mention_v contract_n plea_n and_o quarrel_n wherein_o private_a person_n may_v have_v a_o interest_n by_o way_n of_o personal_a action_n do_v afterward_o add_v other_o thing_n arise_v within_o the_o body_n of_o county_n intend_v thereby_o public_a offence_n and_o such_o as_o be_v against_o the_o crown_n as_o treason_n murder_n manslaughter_n mayheme_n robbery_n trespass_n ut_fw-la &_o army_n and_o the_o like_a which_o interpretation_n first_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o preamble_n which_o mention_n encroachment_n upon_o the_o jurisdiction_n etc._n etc._n pertain_v to_o the_o king_n second_o because_o the_o statute_n ordain_v that_o such_o thing_n shall_v be_v try_v discuss_v and_o determine_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o not_o before_o the_o admiral_n seem_v to_o intend_v thing_n which_o may_v be_v try_v either_o way_n as_o offence_n of_o that_o nature_n which_o do_v on_o the_o sea_n may_v have_v be_v try_v before_o the_o admiral_n and_o be_v do_v on_o the_o land_n be_v to_o be_v try_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n three_o because_o the_o reservation_n in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o statute_n provide_v that_o nevertheless_o of_o the_o death_n of_o a_o man_n or_o mayheme_v do_v in_o great_a ship_n be_v and_o hover_v in_o the_o main_a stream_n beneath_o the_o bridge_n next_o to_o the_o sea_n the_o admiral_n shall_v have_v conusance_n which_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o exception_n imply_v that_o the_o thing_n before_o mention_v in_o general_a be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o offence_n or_o matter_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o condition_n sir_n edward_n cook_n where_o he_o cite_v the_o statute_n of_o 15._o rich._n 2._o note_n that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v how_o curious_a the_o maker_n of_o it_o be_v to_o exclude_v the_o admiral_n from_o all_o manner_n of_o jurisdiction_n within_o any_o water_n which_o lie_v within_o any_o county_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o if_o his_o word_n be_v consider_v his_o curiosity_n go_v far_o beyond_o they_o for_o whereas_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n ancient_o and_o general_o have_v be_v receive_v only_o beneath_o the_o bridge_n next_o or_o nigh_o the_o sea_n he_o render_v it_o only_o beneath_o the_o point_n of_o the_o same_o river_n the_o french_a word_n pount_v be_v easy_o turn_v into_o point_n which_o criticism_n may_v have_v the_o better_o pass_v if_o it_o may_v be_v know_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o point_n of_o river_n we_o understand_v by_o point_n of_o land_n some_o extreme_a part_n or_o end_n which_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o rest_n be_v of_o a_o more_o acute_a figure_n but_o river_n towards_o the_o sea_n which_o way_n the_o criticism_n look_v grow_v broad_a or_o wide_a far_o from_o any_o angular_a acuteness_n again_o we_o common_o say_v above_o or_o beneath_o the_o bridge_n but_o if_o we_o speak_v of_o the_o extremite_n we_o say_v behither_o or_o beyond_o within_o or_o without_o the_o land_n end_n beside_o whereas_o the_o word_n in_o that_o place_n be_v ship_n ride_v in_o the_o main_a stream_n of_o navigable_a river_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v where_o that_o main_a stream_n can_v be_v find_v beneath_o the_o point_n of_o the_o river_n the_o former_a read_n of_o the_o statute_n viz._n beneath_o the_o bridge_n be_v agreeable_a to_o a_o ancient_a edition_n of_o the_o statute_n at_o large_a print_v 1543._o above_o a_o hundred_o year_n since_o so_o rastal_v abridgement_n and_o poultons_n collection_n of_o the_o statute_n and_o be_v so_o receive_v by_o crompton_n in_o his_o jurisdiction_n of_o court_n where_o he_o write_v of_o
the_o grecian_n call_v a_o bill_n of_o this_o kind_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 33._o quae_fw-la de_fw-la nautico_fw-la soenore_fw-la conscripta_fw-la est_fw-la of_o which_o nauticum_fw-la foenus_fw-la there_o be_v several_a title_n in_o the_o digest_v and_o code_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o money_n so_o lend_v to_o be_v transport_v at_o the_o hazard_n of_o the_o lender_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v call_v pecunia_n trajectitia_fw-la of_o which_o salmatius_n pecunia_fw-la trajectitia_fw-la dicitur_fw-la quae_fw-la trans_fw-la mare_fw-la vehenda_fw-la accipitur_fw-la 2._o &_o usurae_fw-la quae_fw-la ex_fw-la pacto_fw-la in_o eam_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la praestantur_fw-la maritimae_n &_o nauticae_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la four_o bill_n of_o sale_n of_o ship_n be_v make_v conformable_a to_o maritine_n law_n for_o as_o west_n in_o his_o precedent_n deliver_v the_o form_n it_o be_v in_o such_o bill_n of_o sale_n express_v and_o declare_v that_o he_o that_o sell_v the_o ship_n bind_v himself_o his_o executor_n and_o administrator_n the_o say_a ship_n so_o bargain_v and_o sell_v to_o warrant_v and_o defend_v against_o all_o man_n for_o one_o whole_a year_n and_o a_o day_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n the_o danger_n of_o the_o sea_n fire_n and_o enemy_n only_o except_v these_o thing_n be_v consider_v it_o may_v be_v think_v reasonable_a that_o such_o contract_n and_o write_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o law_n among_o merchant_n and_o other_o maritime_a law_n the_o suit_n arise_v about_o the_o same_o shall_v rather_o be_v determine_v in_o those_o court_n where_o the_o proceed_n and_o judgement_n be_v according_a to_o those_o law_n than_o in_o other_o court_n which_o take_v no_o notice_n thereof_o for_o the_o restrain_v of_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n from_o proceed_v in_o suit_n arise_v from_o such_o contract_n and_o write_n make_v at_o land_n although_o the_o business_n therein_o contain_v be_v to_o be_v perform_v at_o sea_n among_o the_o authority_n cite_v by_o sir_n edward_n cook_n there_o may_v be_v intend_v appliable_a to_o this_o purpose_n first_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o the_o 15._o of_o richard_n the_o 2._o chap._n 15._o second_o some_o judgement_n give_v and_o prohibition_n grant_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n concern_v cause_n of_o this_o sort_n commence_v in_o the_o admiralty_n touch_v the_o statute_n of_o the_o 15._o of_o richard_n the_o 2._o chap._n 34._o which_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o main_a objection_n against_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n it_o may_v be_v conceive_v that_o whereas_o that_o of_o the_o 13._o chap._n only_o in_o general_n restrain_v the_o admiral_n from_o meddle_v with_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o realm_n and_o allow_v they_o to_o meddle_v with_o thing_n do_v on_o the_o sea_n that_o be_v relate_v to_o the_o sea_n this_o statute_n be_v intend_v to_o declare_v more_o express_o both_o in_o what_o place_n and_o in_o what_o matter_n they_o shall_v not_o meddle_v and_o touch_v the_o place_n in_o regard_n the_o word_n realm_n 43._o as_o sir_n edward_n cook_n observe_v in_o a_o general_a sense_n extend_v to_o the_o sea_n within_o the_o king_n dominion_n as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o land_n declare_v the_o restraint_n to_o be_v only_o within_o the_o body_n of_o county_n and_o it_o may_v be_v suppose_v that_o he_o intend_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o body_n and_o the_o extremity_n or_o bound_n of_o county_n as_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 3._o of_o edward_n 1_o make_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o shire_n and_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o march_n and_o border_n of_o shire_n whence_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 5._o of_o elizabeth_n chap._n 5._o allow_v to_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n as_o the_o main_a sea_n so_o also_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o any_o county_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o in_o that_o respect_n this_o statute_n special_o except_v from_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n the_o conusance_n of_o wreck_n of_o sea_n as_o happen_v on_o the_o coast_n or_o shore_n of_o the_o sea_n out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o any_o county_n so_o that_o as_o to_o the_o place_n or_o territory_n of_o the_o restraint_n this_o statute_n declare_v it_o straight_a than_o that_o of_o the_o 13._o of_o richard_n the_o second_o touch_v the_o matter_n with_o which_o the_o admiral_n by_o this_o statute_n be_v not_o to_o meddle_v within_o the_o body_n of_o county_n they_o be_v express_o declare_v first_o contract_n plea_n and_o quarrel_n that_o be_v personal_a action_n concern_v contract_n and_o second_o be_v employ_v matter_n criminal_a and_o the_o prosecution_n of_o they_o touch_v the_o first_o which_o concern_v this_o assertion_n the_o word_n be_v that_o the_o court_n of_o almiralty_n have_v no_o manner_n of_o conusance_n of_o any_o contract_n plea_n or_o quarrel_n rise_v within_o the_o body_n of_o any_o county_n but_o all_o such_o contract_n plea_n and_o quarrel_n shall_v be_v try_v determine_v and_o remedy_v by_o the_o common_a law_n which_o word_n be_v so_o general_a that_o it_o be_v pretend_v they_o ought_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o all_o contract_n and_o write_n whatsoever_o even_o of_o such_o as_o concern_v sea_n business_n if_o they_o be_v make_v or_o write_v within_o the_o body_n of_o any_o country_n in_o answer_v whereunto_o there_o may_v be_v take_v into_o consideration_n a_o general_n rule_v cite_v by_o sir_n edward_n cook_n allow_v as_o he_o say_v by_o all_o law_n 330._o in_o construction_n of_o statute_n viz._n quamvis_fw-la lex_fw-la generaliter_fw-la loquatur_fw-la restringenda_fw-la tamen_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la cessante_fw-la ratione_fw-la &_o ipsa_fw-la cesset_fw-la cum_fw-la enim_fw-la ratio_fw-la sit_fw-la anima_fw-la vigorque_fw-la ipsius_fw-la legis_fw-la non_fw-la videtur_fw-la legislatur_fw-la id_fw-la sensisse_fw-la quod_fw-la ratione_fw-la caret_fw-la â—tiamsi_fw-la verborum_fw-la generalitas_fw-la prima_fw-la fancy_n aliter_fw-la suadeat_fw-la and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o statute_n as_o may_v be_v gather_v from_o the_o preamble_n as_o the_o key_n thereof_o be_v to_o hinder_v the_o admiral_n encroach_a of_o divers_a jurisdiction_n franchise_n and_o profit_v pertain_v to_o the_o king_n and_o other_o lord_n beside_o those_o they_o be_v wont_a or_o aught_o to_o have_v of_o right_a by_o which_o word_n it_o be_v acknowledge_v that_o the_o conusance_n of_o some_o maâ—ters_n do_v former_o belong_v to_o that_o jurisdiction_n and_o not_o to_o diminish_v any_o of_o their_o ancient_n and_o just_a right_n in_o thing_n belong_v to_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v permit_v and_o allow_v to_o the_o admiral_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 15._o of_o richard_n 2._o and_o unto_o which_o neither_o the_o king_n court_n noâ—_n the_o court_n of_o any_o other_o lord_n have_v former_o before_o this_o statute_n any_o pretence_n sir_n edward_n cook_n in_o his_o answer_n to_o the_o 1._o objection_n of_o the_o complaint_n 8â—_n jacobi_fw-la say_v that_o the_o judge_n acknowledge_v that_o of_o contract_n pleaâ—_n and_o quarrel_n make_v upon_o the_o sea_n or_o any_o part_n thereof_o etc._n etc._n the_o admiralty_n have_v and_o aught_o to_o have_v jurisdiction_n and_o that_o no_o precedent_n can_v be_v show_v that_o any_o prohibition_n have_v be_v grant_v for_o any_o contract_n plea_n or_o quarrel_v concern_v any_o marine_a cause_n make_v or_o do_v upon_o the_o sea_n by_o which_o word_n he_o imply_v that_o although_o the_o admiral_n have_v and_o aught_o to_o have_v jurisdiction_n upon_o the_o sea_n yet_o it_o be_v only_o concern_v marine_a cause_n but_o if_o a_o contract_n plea_n or_o quarrel_n be_v make_v or_o do_v upon_o the_o sea_n concern_v any_o terrene_a cause_n or_o matter_n concern_v business_n of_o the_o county_n a_o prohibition_n may_v be_v grant_v now_o it_o may_v seem_v worthy_a of_o consideration_n whether_o any_o reason_n can_v be_v show_v why_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n ought_v to_o have_v cognizance_n of_o contract_n plea_n and_o quarrel_n which_o concern_v terrene_a cause_n or_o matter_n concern_v business_n of_o the_o county_n make_v or_o do_v upon_o the_o sea_n yet_o if_o contract_v plea_n or_o quarrel_n which_o concern_v marine_a cause_n or_o matter_n belong_v to_o the_o sea_n be_v make_v or_o do_v within_o the_o body_n of_o county_n the_o admiral_n ought_v not_o to_o have_v the_o like_a cognizance_n and_o if_o no_o reason_n thereof_o can_v be_v show_v how_o according_a to_o the_o general_a rule_n which_o sir_n edward_n cook_n deliver_v touch_v the_o construction_n of_o statute_n the_o common_a interpretation_n which_o be_v make_v of_o that_o of_o the_o 15._o of_o richard_n 2._o chap._n 3._o by_o which_o contract_n plea_n and_o quarrel_n arise_v within_o the_o body_n of_o county_n be_v extend_v to_o contract_n plea_n or_o quarrel_n relate_v to_o marine_a affair_n can_v be_v justify_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o rule_n be_v cum_fw-la ratio_fw-la sit_fw-la anima_fw-la legis_fw-la non_fw-la
the_o admiralty_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n it_o be_v further_a confirm_v by_o a_o manuscript_n copy_n of_o the_o statute_n in_o french_a in_o the_o library_n of_o merton_n college_n in_o oxford_n in_o which_o be_v these_o word_n niene_fw-fr meyn_n de_fw-fr mort_fw-fr de_fw-fr omme_fw-fr &_o the_o mayheme_n engross_v neif_n estant_n &_o oâ—erantâ—s_n a_o my_o le_fw-fr haut_fw-fr fio_fw-mi des_fw-fr gross_v reviers_fw-mi tant_fw-fr seculament_n par-avali_a des_fw-fr pount_n des_fw-fr mesme_n les_fw-fr riviers_fw-mi &_o l'n_a admiral_n coâ—usance_fw-fr the_o second_o statute_n that_o may_v be_v apply_v to_o this_o purpose_n be_v that_o of_o 5_o elizabeth_n chap._n 5._o which_o relate_v to_o divers_a thing_n make_v offence_n by_o that_o statute_n ordain_v that_o all_o and_o every_o of_o the_o say_a offence_n do_v on_o the_o main_a sea_n or_o coast_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o any_o county_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o without_o the_o precinct_n liberty_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n and_o out_o of_o any_o haven_n or_o pier_n shall_v be_v determine_v by_o the_o lord_n admiral_n touch_v this_o statute_n it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o end_n thereof_o be_v according_a to_o the_o title_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o navy_n and_o as_o for_o a_o mean_a to_o that_o end_n for_o the_o employ_v of_o english_a ship_v especial_o for_o the_o bring_n in_o of_o fish_n for_o which_o purpose_n it_o provide_v that_o wednesday_n shall_v be_v hold_v fish-day_n that_o none_o shall_v demand_v toll_n of_o fish_n bring_v in_o subject_n ship_n that_o no_o herring_n unsalted_a shall_v be_v buy_v out_o of_o stranger_n bottom_n beside_o that_o no_o ware_n shall_v be_v carry_v from_o port_n to_o to_o port_n and_o that_o no_o wine_n nor_o woad_n shall_v be_v bring_v in_o but_o in_o english_a ship_n of_o which_o business_n it_o may_v be_v more_o fit_a for_o the_o officer_n of_o corporate_a sea-town_n to_o inquire_v than_o for_o the_o admiral_n which_o the_o parliament_n understanding_n may_v without_o prejudice_n to_o his_o jurisdiction_n in_o other_o matter_n except_v from_o he_o touch_v offence_n of_o that_o kind_n the_o enquiry_n within_o havens_n and_o piers._fw-la beside_o whereas_o sir_n edw._n cook_n recite_v the_o word_n that_o all_o such_o offence_n shall_v be_v try_v before_o the_o admiral_n the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v before_o the_o lord_n admiral_n of_o england_n or_o his_o lieutenant_n or_o deputy_n or_o deputy_n and_o other_o justice_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n according_a to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 28_o hen._n 8._o for_o cause_n of_o piracy_n so_o that_o it_o concern_v not_o the_o admiral_n in_o his_o ordinary_a capacity_n but_o as_o he_o be_v chief_a in_o that_o commission_n and_o whereas_o sir_n edw._n cook_n from_o this_o conclude_v that_o by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o whole_a parliament_n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n be_v whole_o confine_v to_o the_o sea_n and_o coast_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v no_o parcel_n of_o the_o county_n how_o strong_o soever_o he_o conceive_v it_o under_o favour_n it_o be_v no_o good_a argument_n to_o infer_v from_o these_o new_a create_a offence_n of_o which_o he_o be_v to_o inquire_v in_o a_o extraordinary_a way_n that_o he_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n in_o other_o matter_n which_o do_v former_o belong_v unto_o he_o especial_o touch_v navigable_a river_n of_o which_o in_o this_o statute_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n nor_o exception_n moreover_o whereas_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o parliament_n in_o this_o statute_n be_v so_o confident_o urge_v for_o the_o limit_v of_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n it_o be_v deâ—â—red_v that_o to_o the_o point_n in_o question_n two_o other_o statute_n the_o one_o long_a subsequent_a to_o that_o of_o rich._n 2._o the_o other_o not_o long_o precede_v that_o of_o the_o 5_o of_o queen_n elizabeth_n may_v be_v take_v into_o consideration_n the_o first_o be_v that_o of_o 28_o hen._n 8._o chap._n 15._o concern_v the_o trial_n of_o piracy_n and_o other_o crime_n commit_v within_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n wherein_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o all_o treason_n felony_n murder_n robbery_n confederacy_n commit_v in_o or_o upon_o the_o sea_n or_o in_o any_o other_o haven_n creek_n or_o place_n where_o the_o admiral_n or_o admiral_n have_v or_o pretend_v to_o have_v jurisdiction_n shall_v be_v inquire_v try_v hear_v or_o adjudge_v by_o the_o admiral_n and_o other_o appoint_v by_o the_o king_n commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n in_o such_o shire_n and_o place_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o shall_v be_v limit_v in_o the_o commission_n as_o if_o any_o such_o offence_n have_v be_v commit_v upon_o the_o land_n etc._n etc._n the_o end_n of_o this_o statute_n be_v that_o whereas_o piracy_n and_o other_o offence_n commit_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n be_v former_o try_v according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o offender_n can_v be_v convict_v only_o by_o confession_n of_o the_o party_n and_o proof_n by_o witness_n to_o reduce_v the_o trial_n of_o the_o same_o to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n by_o a_o jury_n of_o twelve_o man_n by_o which_o statute_n although_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o trial_n of_o offence_n be_v alter_v yet_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n be_v allow_v to_o extend_v not_o only_o to_o the_o sea_n but_o to_o havens_n creek_n and_o place_n where_o the_o admiral_n or_o admiral_n have_v or_o pretend_v to_o have_v jurisdiction_n and_o in_o the_o commission_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n ground_v on_o that_o statute_n the_o place_n of_o offence_n commit_v to_o be_v hear_v and_o determine_v before_o the_o admiral_n and_o other_o be_v thus_o describe_v tam_fw-la in_o aut_fw-la super_fw-la mari_fw-fr aut_fw-la aliquo_fw-la portu_fw-la rivo_fw-la aqua_fw-la dulci_fw-la creca_n seu_fw-la loco_fw-la quccunque_fw-la infra_fw-la fluxum_fw-la maris_fw-la ad_fw-la plenitudinem_fw-la a_o quibuscunque_fw-la primis_fw-la pontibus_fw-la versus_fw-la mare_fw-la quam_fw-la super_fw-la littus_fw-la maris_fw-la &_o alibi_fw-la ubicunque_fw-la infra_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la nostram_fw-la maritimam_fw-la aut_fw-la limit_n admiralitatis_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la &_o dominiorum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la by_o which_o word_n not_o only_a power_n be_v give_v to_o hear_v and_o determine_v offence_n in_o those_o place_n but_o it_o be_v likewise_o declare_v that_o those_o place_n do_v belong_v to_o his_o majesty_n maritime_a jurisdiction_n and_o of_o his_o admiralty_n the_o second_o statute_n be_v that_o of_o the_o first_o of_o elizabeth_n chap._n 17._o make_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o spawn_n and_o fry_n of_o fish_n and_o the_o remedy_n thereof_o be_v provide_v it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o lord_n admiral_n of_o england_n and_o the_o lord_n mayor_n of_o london_n for_o the_o time_n be_v and_o all_o and_o every_o other_o which_o lawful_o have_v or_o aught_o to_o have_v any_o conservation_n or_o preservation_n of_o any_o river_n stream_n or_o water_n shall_v have_v power_n to_o inquire_v according_a to_o that_o act_n which_o plain_o show_v that_o the_o parliament_n then_o conceive_v that_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n have_v power_n and_o jurisdiction_n to_o some_o purpose_n in_o river_n and_o stream_n salt_n and_o fresh_a otherwise_o he_o have_v not_o be_v name_v in_o the_o first_o place_n among_o those_o who_o have_v right_a of_o conservation_n of_o the_o same_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n as_o to_o public_a offence_n and_o cause_n criminal_a since_o the_o statute_n of_o 15_o rich._n 2._o have_v be_v so_o well_o settle_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 28_o hen._n 8._o that_o there_o can_v be_v little_a occasion_n of_o difference_n touch_v those_o matter_n betwixt_o the_o court_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o the_o court_n of_o the_o admiralty_n yet_o sir_n edw._n cook_n have_v unnecessary_o collect_v many_o other_o legal_a authority_n which_o may_v be_v apply_v to_o maintain_v that_o by_o the_o common_a law_n the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n do_v not_o extend_v to_o port_n and_o navigable_a river_n it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o examine_v the_o ground_n and_o weight_n of_o the_o chief_a of_o they_o which_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o two_o head_n first_o such_o as_o show_v that_o havens_n and_o navigable_a river_n be_v within_o the_o body_n of_o county_n and_o that_o the_o common_a law_n have_v hold_v plea_n of_o thing_n do_v in_o they_o second_o that_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n have_v punish_v such_o as_o have_v sue_v in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n for_o thing_n do_v in_o port_n and_o navigable_a river_n touch_v the_o first_o these_o authority_n may_v be_v intend_v first_o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n the_o first_o a_o replevin_n be_v bring_v for_o the_o take_n of_o a_o ship_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o scarborough_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o carry_v she_o into_o the_o county_n of_o n._n the_o
defendant_n although_o he_o plead_v that_o the_o thing_n be_v do_v on_o the_o sea_n be_v overrule_v to_o answer_v from_o whence_o among_o other_o thing_n sr_n edw._n cook_n make_v a_o special_a observation_n that_o when_o the_o take_n of_o a_o thing_n be_v partly_o on_o the_o sea_n and_o partly_o on_o the_o land_n the_o common_a law_n shall_v have_v the_o jurisdiction_n second_o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n the_o 2._o it_o be_v hold_v that_o where_o one_o may_v see_v what_o be_v do_v on_o one_o part_n of_o the_o water_n and_o on_o the_o other_o it_o be_v hold_v no_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o that_o the_o coroner_n shall_v exercise_v his_o office_n in_o this_o case_n and_o of_o this_o the_o country_n may_v have_v knowledge_n three_o that_o in_o the_o 43_o of_o edw._n the_o three_o sixty_o acre_n of_o marsh_n ground_n over_o which_o the_o sea_n do_v flow_v and_o reflow_v be_v adjudge_v parcel_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o brancaster_n belong_v to_o the_o abbot_n of_o ramsey_n and_o by_o consequence_n be_v within_o the_o body_n of_o the_o county_n to_o the_o low_a water_n mark_n four_o that_o in_o the_o 46_o of_o edw._n 3._o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n be_v bring_v in_o the_o king_n court_n against_o certain_a person_n of_o hull_n for_o take_v a_o ship_n in_o the_o haven_n of_o the_o town_n the_o mayor_n and_o bailiff_n demand_v conusance_n by_o charter_n of_o the_o king_n by_o which_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n of_o hull_n shall_v not_o be_v implead_v alibi_n de_fw-fr transgressionibus_fw-la infra_fw-la burgum_fw-la quam_fw-la infra_fw-la burgum_fw-la which_o be_v allow_v and_o the_o haven_n lie_v within_o the_o burrow_n by_o consequence_n be_v within_o the_o county_n how_o far_o these_o authority_n conduce_v to_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o head_n propose_v may_v be_v doubt_v but_o as_o to_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o head_n itself_o which_o be_v so_o much_o insist_v on_o that_o where_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n have_v conusance_n the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n can_v have_v no_o jurisdiction_n under_o favour_n it_o be_v insufficient_a for_o in_o the_o same_o place_n several_a court_n to_o several_a purpose_n may_v have_v distinct_a jurisdiction_n robbery_n and_o divers_a other_o offence_n commit_v in_o forest_n be_v prosecute_v before_o the_o ordinary_a justice_n and_o yet_o the_o justice_n in_o eyre_n concern_v vert_fw-fr 1._o venison_n and_o other_o thing_n retain_v his_o special_a jurisdiction_n in_o france_n as_o sanction_n write_v the_o lord_n of_o manor_n adjoin_v to_o navigable_a river_n have_v several_a right_n of_o fish_v and_o other_o commodity_n by_o the_o king_n grant_v or_o by_o prescription_n and_o if_o they_o be_v disturb_v they_o may_v have_v their_o remedy_n in_o the_o ordinary_a court_n of_o justice_n but_o as_o touch_v the_o free_a use_n of_o the_o river_n in_o respect_n of_o navigation_n and_o that_o which_o concern_v the_o public_a the_o special_a officer_n call_v the_o master_n of_o the_o waiter_n who_o authority_n in_o this_o kingdom_n belong_v unto_o the_o admiral_n have_v the_o charge_n thereof_o and_o if_o any_o impediment_n be_v give_v or_o annoyance_n do_v in_o those_o respect_n it_o belong_v to_o their_o jurisdiction_n and_o power_n to_o reform_v the_o same_o touch_v the_o particular_n and_o first_o of_o that_o of_o the_o replevin_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n 1._o concern_v a_o ship_n take_v in_o the_o sea_n and_o bring_v into_o a_o river_n and_o the_o defendant_n be_v overrule_v to_o answer_v the_o reason_n be_v as_o berry_n the_o chief_a justice_n say_v because_o the_o king_n will_v have_v the_o peace_n keep_v as_o well_o by_o sea_n as_o by_o land_n mr._n selden_n in_o his_o note_n upon_o fortescue_n 31._o recite_v the_o case_n more_o full_o and_o give_v another_o reason_n viz._n that_o william_n crake_n de_fw-fr holtham_n be_v summon_v to_o answer_v a_o complaint_n of_o robert_n de_fw-fr because_o for_o take_v away_o a_o ship_n of_o the_o value_n of_o 40._o l._n on_o the_o sea_n near_o scarborough_n to_o which_o it_o be_v plead_v by_o the_o counsel_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n do_v count_v or_o declare_v of_o a_o thing_n take_v on_o the_o sea_n out_o of_o any_o county_n so_o that_o if_o the_o matter_n be_v put_v in_o issue_n before_o the_o country_n it_o can_v not_o be_v resolve_v what_o sheriff_n shall_v summon_v the_o country_n and_o that_o the_o admiral_n be_v appoint_v by_o the_o king_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v suit_n of_o thing_n do_v on_o the_o sea_n etc._n etc._n whereunto_o berry_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n answer_v we_o have_v a_o general_a power_n throughout_o all_o england_n but_o of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o admiral_n of_o which_o you_o speak_v we_o know_v nothing_o neither_o will_v we_o assign_v our_o power_n to_o they_o without_o commandment_n from_o the_o king_n touch_v which_o you_o show_v nothing_o haward_n say_v the_o place_n be_v so_o near_o that_o if_o a_o man_n have_v kill_v one_o there_o he_o shall_v have_v be_v take_v and_o bring_v to_o the_o land_n and_o hang_v as_o well_o as_o if_o the_o fact_n have_v be_v commit_v on_o the_o land_n mettinggam_n say_v more_o we_o tell_v you_o that_o we_o have_v power_n of_o thing_n do_v on_o the_o sea_n as_o upon_o the_o land_n and_o therefore_o we_o order_v you_o to_o answer_v the_o reason_n which_o mr._n selden_n give_v be_v because_o in_o those_o time_n the_o common_a law_n have_v conusance_n of_o thing_n do_v on_o the_o british_a sea_n within_o the_o view_n of_o the_o land_n although_o afterward_o it_o keep_v its_o limit_n infra_fw-la corpus_fw-la comitatus_fw-la leave_v the_o sea_n whole_o to_o the_o admiral_n so_o that_o according_a to_o the_o verse_n sometime_o apply_v by_o sir_n edward_n cook_n judicâ—s_fw-la officium_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la res_fw-la ita_fw-la tempora_fw-la rerum_fw-la quaerere_fw-la the_o case_n adjudge_v in_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n â—_o can_v be_v no_o precedent_n for_o subsequent_a time_n when_o the_o admiralty_n jurisdiction_n be_v better_o settle_v and_o so_o it_o fall_v out_o with_o sir_n edw._n cook_n observation_n upon_o that_o case_n viz._n that_o when_o the_o take_n of_o a_o thing_n be_v partly_o in_o the_o sea_n and_o partly_o in_o a_o river_n within_o the_o county_n the_o common_a law_n shall_v have_v the_o jurisdiction_n because_o that_o in_o late_a time_n it_o have_v be_v resolve_v otherwise_o as_o in_o the_o mayor_n of_o harwich_n his_o case_n which_o be_v that_o the_o vice-admiral_n of_o england_n have_v seize_v a_o mast_n float_v on_o the_o sea_n cause_v certain_a fisherman_n to_o draw_v it_o to_o shore_n at_o harwich_n in_o suffolk_n where_o the_o mayor_n then_o claim_v admiralty_n jurisdiction_n likewise_o seize_v it_o for_o which_o he_o be_v sue_v in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n of_o england_n move_v for_o a_o prohibition_n but_o the_o judge_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o do_v beâ—ong_o to_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n and_o deny_v a_o prohibition_n because_o the_o â—eizure_n at_o sea_n and_o draw_v to_o shore_n at_o harwich_n be_v one_o continue_v act_n and_o â—herefore_o the_o draw_v it_o to_o shore_n at_o harâ—ich_n give_v no_o right_a to_o the_o mayor_n of_o harwich_n the_o like_a may_v be_v gather_v â—rom_o a_o resolution_n in_o communi_fw-la banco_n 40_o eliza._n viz._n a_o inhabitant_n of_o plyâ—outh_n be_v owner_n of_o a_o ship_n join_v in_o the_o furnish_n and_o victual_v she_o and_o send_v she_o to_o sea_n in_o which_o employment_n the_o captain_n of_o the_o ship_n by_o piracy_n take_v a_o french_a man_n ship_n lade_v with_o salt_n and_o bring_v she_o into_o plymouth_n and_o sell_v his_o salt_n to_o the_o owner_n whereupon_o the_o french_a man_n sue_v the_o plimouth-man_n be_v owner_n in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n for_o the_o ship_n good_n and_o upon_o suggestion_n that_o part_n of_o the_o wrong_n be_v do_v upon_o the_o land_n a_o prohibition_n be_v award_v but_o after_o a_o long_a debate_n a_o consultation_n be_v grant_v because_o the_o first_o wrong_n be_v do_v upon_o the_o sea_n second_o touch_v the_o coroner_n exercise_v his_o office_n in_o the_o time_n oâ—_n edw._n 2._o in_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n wherâ—_n one_o may_v see_v what_o be_v do_v on_o onâ—_n side_n and_o on_o the_o other_o whereupon_o standford_n conclude_v that_o by_o the_o comâ—mon_a law_n before_o the_o statute_n of_o thâ—_n 2_o hen._n 4._o or_o rather_o of_o 15_o of_o rich._n 2._o thâ—_n admiral_n have_v no_o jurisdiction_n but_o on_o thâ—_n high_a sea_n which_o only_a authority_n saitâ—_n sir_n edward_n cook_n be_v sufficient_a to_o overrule_v all_o question_n it_o may_v be_v observe_v whaâ—_n be_v deliver_v in_o the_o precedent_a case_n concern_v those_o time_n and_o it_o may_v bâ—_n further_o note_v what_o mr._n selden_n write_v 〈◊〉_d the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o sheriff_n
of_o common_a law_n by_o witness_n which_o say_v he_o come_v to_o pass_v because_o in_o those_o part_n there_o be_v no_o neighbour_n by_o who_o oath_n jury_n of_o twelve_o man_n may_v be_v make_v as_o in_o contract_n and_o other_o case_n arise_v within_o the_o realm_n be_v accustom_v to_o be_v do_v to_o avoid_v the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n in_o hold_v plea_n of_o contract_n or_o thing_n do_v beyond_o the_o sea_n sir_n ed._n cook_n affirm_v that_o bargain_n and_o contract_n so_o make_v wherein_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n can_v administer_v justice_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n for_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n be_v whole_o confine_v to_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v out_o of_o any_o county_n whence_o it_o may_v be_v gather_v that_o as_o to_o this_o point_n he_o intend_v for_o authority_n the_o statute_n of_o the_o 13_o of_o richard_n 2._o which_o set_v forth_o the_o jurisdiction_n both_o of_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n court_n as_o also_o of_o the_o court_n of_o the_o admiralty_n that_o concern_v the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n be_v as_o far_o from_o the_o purpose_n as_o it_o be_v from_o sir_n edward_n cook_n think_v to_o give_v any_o addition_n of_o power_n to_o that_o court_n the_o act_n declare_v that_o to_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n it_o belong_v to_o have_v conusance_n of_o contract_n and_o deed_n of_o arm_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n whence_o it_o be_v infer_v that_o therefore_o out_o of_o the_o realm_n the_o admiral_n shall_v have_v no_o conusance_n of_o contract_n or_o matter_n concern_v navigation_n and_o trade_n it_o may_v be_v better_o argue_v from_o that_o act_n that_o as_o the_o parliament_n allow_v to_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n jurisdiction_n in_o cause_n of_o arm_n and_o war_n arise_v both_o within_o and_o without_o the_o realm_n which_o can_v be_v determine_v by_o the_o common_a law_n so_o it_o do_v intend_v cause_n of_o navigation_n and_o trade_n arise_v either_o within_o or_o beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o admiral_n the_o nature_n and_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o business_n more_o conduce_v to_o the_o point_n of_o jurisdiction_n than_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o place_n where_o it_o happen_v the_o statute_n which_o allow_v the_o admiral_n to_o meddle_v with_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o sea_n by_o sir_n edward_n cook_n leave_v do_v not_o confine_v his_o jurisdiction_n to_o the_o sea_n in_o respect_n of_o â—ny_a place_n beyond_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v rather_o pretend_v to_o debarr_v he_o from_o meddle_v with_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o realm_n which_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v former_o show_v that_o the_o admiral_n may_v â—old_a plea_n of_o maritime_a cause_n arise_v â—rom_o contract_v make_v within_o the_o land_n 〈◊〉_d may_v be_v less_o needful_a to_o labour_v to_o prove_v â—hat_n it_o do_v not_o hinder_v he_o from_o take_v conusance_n of_o suit_n concern_v navigation_n and_o trade_n arise_v from_o contract_n make_v and_o business_n do_v beyond_o the_o sea_n the_o other_o authority_n which_o may_v be_v collect_v to_o prove_v how_o the_o admiral_n have_v no_o jurisdiction_n of_o thing_n do_v beyond_o the_o sea_n be_v a_o writ_n in_o the_o register_n and_o fitz_n herbert_n and_o a_o number_n of_o prohibition_n that_o of_o the_o register_n be_v if_o good_n be_v take_v from_o a_o englishman_n in_o spain_n or_o beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o party_n can_v obtain_v justice_n there_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o write_v of_o the_o sheriff_n to_o arrest_v the_o body_n of_o the_o offender_n and_o to_o seize_v their_o good_n to_o the_o value_n which_o prove_v say_v sir_n edwarâ—_n cook_n that_o the_o admiralty_n can_v hold_v plea_n thereof_o for_o that_o the_o party_n have_v remedy_n at_o the_o common_a law_n that_o argument_n be_v as_o good_a as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v there_o lie_v a_o write_v of_o withernam_fw-la at_o the_o common_a law_n therefore_o no_o letter_n oâ—_n reprisall_n can_v be_v grant_v in_o the_o admiralty_n it_o stand_v with_o great_a reason_n that_o iâ—_n a_o subject_n be_v spoil_v of_o his_o good_n in_o anoâ—ther_a realm_n and_o can_v have_v no_o remedy_n there_o that_o the_o party_n or_o the_o good_n belonâ—ging_v to_o he_o be_v find_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o common_a law_n they_o â—hould_v be_v make_v liable_a to_o satisfaction_n and_o why_o shall_v it_o be_v think_v unreasonable_a that_o upon_o the_o like_a occasion_n if_o the_o â—arty_n or_o his_o good_n be_v find_v within_o the_o â—urisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n the_o subâ—ect_n shall_v have_v remedy_n there_o but_o this_o authority_n concern_v not_o contract_n or_o bargain_n make_v beyond_o the_o sea_n beside_o how_o far_o this_o writ_n agree_v with_o â—he_n common_a law_n it_o may_v be_v consider_v in_o regard_n mr._n selden_n write_v in_o triâ—unalibus_fw-la nostri_fw-la juris_fw-la municipalis_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o â—ur_n court_v of_o common_a law_n the_o jurisdiction_n have_v be_v ever_o hold_v to_o be_v such_o â—â—at_o according_a to_o the_o strict_a law_n ancient_o practise_v a_o action_n can_v not_o be_v â—ought_v upon_o a_o business_n happen_v elsewhere_o than_o within_o the_o kingdom_n as_o for_o â—any_n age_n since_o it_o have_v be_v hold_v that_o â—â—e_v action_n ought_v to_o be_v reject_v unless_o â—â—e_v ground_n of_o it_o be_v arise_v from_o something_o do_v within_o the_o body_n of_o a_o counâ—â—_n and_o sir_n edward_n cook_n recite_v divers_a authority_n by_o which_o the_o same_o be_v maintain_v as_o agreeable_a to_o the_o common_a law_n â—â—t_v this_o law_n he_o allow_v where_o the_o â—â—ings_n be_v total_o do_v out_o of_o the_o â—â—alm_n and_o imply_v that_o it_o be_v otherwise_o where_o the_o contract_n be_v make_v in_o oâ—_n realm_n and_o the_o performance_n ought_v to_o bâ—_n in_o another_o for_o then_o say_v he_o as_o to_o thâ—_n present_a purpose_n of_o necessity_n the_o conuâ—sance_n must_v be_v where_o the_o contract_n waâ—_n make_v for_o otherwise_o there_o can_v be_v no_o triâ—al_n have_v at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o that_o iâ—_n be_v most_o reasonable_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v so_o because_o the_o contract_n be_v the_o ground_n anâ—_n foundation_n of_o the_o debt_n but_o now_o in_o casâ—_n a_o contract_n be_v make_v in_o partibus_fw-la exteris_fw-la &_o transmarinis_fw-la whereby_o payment_n or_o perâ—formance_n be_v to_o be_v make_v within_o thâ—_n realm_n notwithstanding_o the_o contract_n bâ—_n the_o ground_n and_o foundation_n yet_o the_o juâ—risdiction_n follow_v the_o place_n of_o payment_n and_o performance_n and_o no_o doubt_n for_o thâ—_n same_o reason_n because_o otherwise_o theâ—_n can_v be_v no_o pretence_n for_o a_o trial_n at_o thâ—_n common_a law_n so_o that_o the_o rule_n be_v fraâ—med_v to_o the_o building_n and_o not_o the_o build_n to_o the_o rule_n the_o last_o argument_n be_v that_o divers_a proâ—hibitions_n have_v be_v grant_v upon_o sutâ—_n bring_v in_o the_o admiralty_n for_o thinâ—_n do_v in_o partibus_fw-la exteris_fw-la &_o transmarinal_n and_o the_o first_o be_v as_o ancient_a as_o the_o 36._o hen._n 8._o but_o upon_o what_o contract_v buâ—â—â—nesses_n or_o occasion_n those_o suit_n weâ—_n ground_v and_o commence_v it_o be_v not_o specify_v and_o to_o conclude_v this_o point_n as_o the_o former_a first_o the_o three_o request_n of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n in_o the_o year_n 1575._o viz._n that_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n according_a to_o such_o ancient_a order_n make_v by_o king_n edw._n 1._o and_o his_o council_n and_o according_a to_o the_o letter_n patent_n of_o the_o lord_n admiral_n for_o the_o time_n be_v and_o allow_v of_o other_o king_n of_o this_o land_n ever_o since_o and_o by_o custom_n time_n our_o of_o memory_n of_o man_n may_v have_v cognition_n of_o all_o contract_n and_o other_o thing_n arise_v as_o well_o beyond_o as_o upon_o the_o sea_n without_o â—et_a or_o prohibition_n the_o answer_n be_v that_o it_o â—s_v agree_v upon_o by_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n and_o â—is_n colleague_n second_o all_o the_o judge_n before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n octavo_n caroli_n agree_v that_o if_o suit_n shall_v be_v commence_v â—n_o the_o court_n of_o admiraly_n for_o contract_n â—ade_v or_o other_o thing_n do_v beyond_o the_o â—ea_n or_o upon_o the_o sea_n no_o prohibition_n be_v â—o_o be_v award_v concern_v the_o concession_n of_o the_o â—udges_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o the_o reâ—olutions_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n allege_v for_o â—â—e_z confirmation_n of_o the_o precedent_a aspersion_n it_o may_v be_v note_v that_o touch_v the_o former_a by_o they_o be_v intend_v certain_a answer_n of_o the_o chief_a justice_n and_o other_o judge_n of_o that_o bench_n to_o the_o request_n of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n in_o the_o year_n 1575._o of_o which_o mention_n be_v make_v in_o the_o complaint_n of_o the_o admiral_n 7._o object_n wherein_o it_o be_v set_v
forth_o that_o the_o agreement_n make_v in_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1575._o between_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n for_o the_o more_o quiet_a and_o certain_a execution_n of_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n be_v not_o observe_v to_o which_o sir_n edward_n cook_n answer_v that_o that_o suppose_a agreement_n have_v not_o be_v deliver_v unto_o they_o but_o have_v hear_v the_o same_o read_v before_o his_o majesty_n out_o of_o a_o paper_n not_o subscribe_v with_o the_o hand_n of_o any_o judge_n they_o answer_v that_o for_o so_o much_o thereof_o as_o differ_v from_o their_o present_a answer_n it_o be_v against_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o therefore_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n never_o assent_v thereunto_o as_o it_o be_v pretend_v neither_o do_v the_o phrase_n thereof_o agree_v with_o the_o term_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o dr._n dunn_n then_o judge_v of_o the_o admiralty_n will_v have_v produce_v such_o a_o agreement_n to_o the_o judge_n before_o the_o king_n but_o that_o he_o have_v some_o ground_n for_o the_o same_o which_o be_v suppose_v it_o may_v as_o well_o infer_v that_o those_o concession_n be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n because_o those_o judge_n do_v assent_v unto_o they_o as_o that_o they_o do_v not_o assent_v because_o they_o be_v not_o agreeable_a to_o the_o same_o and_o it_o may_v as_o well_o be_v doubt_v whether_o those_o thing_n wherein_o those_o answer_n at_o that_o time_n do_v differ_v from_o the_o resolution_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o 8._o of_o king_n charles_n carol._n be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o it_o be_v confident_o affirm_v that_o wherein_o those_o concession_n do_v differ_v from_o those_o answer_n be_v against_o the_o same_o wherein_o the_o phrase_n of_o the_o request_n and_o answer_n be_v not_o agreeable_a to_o the_o term_n of_o the_o common_a law_n be_v not_o so_o much_o considerable_a as_o how_o the_o matter_n therein_o contain_v may_v consist_v both_o with_o law_n and_o equity_n and_o to_o that_o end_n it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o recite_v they_o as_o they_o be_v extant_a in_o several_a manuscript_n in_o which_o be_v collect_v thing_n of_o those_o time_n remarkable_a both_o concern_v the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n and_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n as_o follow_v 12._o of_o may_n 1575._o admiralty_n the_o request_n of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n to_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o her_o majesty_n bench_n and_o his_o colleague_n with_o their_o answer_n to_o the_o same_o that_o after_o judgement_n or_o sentence_n give_v in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n in_o any_o cause_n or_o appeal_v make_v from_o the_o same_o to_o the_o high_a court_n of_o chancery_n request_n it_o may_v please_v they_o to_o forbear_v the_o grant_n of_o any_o writ_n of_o prohibition_n either_o to_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o say_a court_n or_o to_o her_o majesty_n delegate_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o he_o by_o who_o such_o appeal_n shall_v be_v make_v see_v by_o choice_n of_o remedy_n in_o that_o way_n in_o reason_n he_o ought_v to_o be_v content_v therewith_o and_o not_o to_o be_v relieve_v any_o other_o way_n answer_n it_o be_v agree_v by_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n and_o his_o colleague_n that_o after_o sentence_n give_v in_o the_o delegate_n no_o prohibition_n shall_v be_v grant_v and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o sentence_n if_o a_o prohibition_n be_v not_o sue_v for_o within_o the_o next_o term_n follow_v sentence_n in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n or_o within_o two_o term_n after_o at_o the_o far_a no_o prohibition_n shall_v pass_v to_o the_o delegate_n that_o prohibition_n hereafter_o be_v not_o grant_v upon_o bare_a suggestion_n or_o surmise_n request_n without_o summary_n examination_n and_o proof_n make_v thereof_o wherein_o it_o may_v be_v lawful_a to_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n and_o the_o party_n defendant_n to_o have_v counsel_n and_o to_o plead_v for_o the_o stay_n thereof_o if_o there_o shall_v appear_v cause_n they_o have_v agree_v that_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n answer_n and_o the_o party_n defendant_n shall_v have_v counsel_n in_o court_n and_o to_o plead_v to_o stay_v if_o there_o may_v appear_v evident_a cause_n that_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n according_a to_o such_o a_o ancient_a order_n request_n as_o have_v be_v take_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o his_o council_n and_o according_a to_o the_o letter_n patent_n of_o the_o lord_n admiral_n for_o the_o time_n be_v and_o allow_v by_o other_o king_n of_o the_o land_n ever_o since_o and_o by_o custom_n time_n out_o of_o memory_n of_o man_n may_v have_v and_o enjoy_v cognition_n of_o all_o contract_n and_o other_o thing_n rise_v as_o well_o beyond_o as_o upon_o the_o sea_n without_o let_v or_o prohibition_n this_o be_v agree_v upon_o by_o the_o say_a lord_n chief_a justice_n answer_n and_o his_o colleague_n that_o the_o say_a judge_n may_v have_v and_o request_n enjoy_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o breach_n of_o charter-party_n make_v betwixt_o master_n of_o ship_n and_o merchant_n for_o voyage_n to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o part_n beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o to_o be_v perform_v upon_o and_o beyond_o the_o sea_n according_a as_o it_o have_v be_v accustom_a time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o according_a to_o the_o goodâ—_n meaning_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o of_o henry_n 8._o chap._n 14._o though_o the_o same_o charter-party_n be_v make_v within_o the_o realm_n answer_n this_o be_v likewise_o agree_v upon_o for_o thing_n to_o be_v perform_v either_o upon_o or_o beyond_o the_o sea_n though_o the_o charter-party_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o land_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o hen._n 8._o cap._n 14._o request_n that_o writ_n of_o corpus_fw-la cum_fw-la causa_fw-la be_v not_o direct_v to_o the_o say_a judge_n in_o cause_n of_o the_o nature_n aforesaid_a and_o if_o any_o happen_v to_o be_v direct_v that_o it_o may_v please_v they_o to_o accept_v of_o the_o return_v thereof_o with_o the_o cause_n and_o not_o the_o body_n as_o it_o have_v always_o be_v accustom_v answer_n if_o any_o writ_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v direct_v in_o the_o cause_n before_o specify_v they_o be_v content_a to_o return_v the_o body_n again_o to_o the_o lord_n admiral_n gaol_n upon_o certificate_n of_o the_o cause_n to_o be_v such_o or_o if_o it_o be_v for_o contempt_n or_o disobedience_n to_o the_o court_n in_o any_o such_o cause_n touch_v the_o resolution_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n 8._o caroli_n it_o may_v be_v consider_v that_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n majesty_n and_o twenty_o three_o lord_n and_o other_o of_o his_o majesty_n council_n they_o be_v subscribe_v unto_o by_o all_o the_o judge_n viz._n thomas_n richardson_n robert_n heath_n humphrey_n dawenport_n john_n denham_n richard_n hutton_n william_n jones_n george_n crook_n thomas_n trevor_n james_n weston_n robert_n barkley_n francis_n crawly_n and_o also_o by_o henry_n martin_n judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n and_o william_n noy_n the_o attorney_n general_a and_o the_o transcript_n thereof_o be_v order_v to_o be_v enter_v in_o the_o register_n of_o the_o council_n cause_n and_o the_o original_a to_o remain_v in_o the_o council_n chest_n 18._o feb._n 1632._o sir_n edward_n cook_n concern_v the_o answer_n and_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n to_o those_o thing_n which_o he_o call_v articuli_fw-la cleri_fw-la 3_o jacob_n say_v that_o although_o they_o be_v not_o enact_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o parliament_n as_o the_o statute_n of_o articuli_fw-la cleri_fw-la in_o the_o 9_o of_o edwaâ—â—_n 2._o be_v yet_o be_v resolve_v unanimous_o by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n they_o be_v for_o matter_n of_o law_n of_o high_a authority_n next_o unto_o the_o court_n of_o parliament_n and_o it_o may_v be_v think_v that_o these_o resolution_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n touch_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n aught_o to_o be_v of_o no_o low_a esteem_n the_o rather_o for_o that_o the_o unanimity_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n to_o the_o former_a must_v be_v take_v upon_o the_o credit_n alone_o of_o sir_n edward_n cook_n but_o as_o to_o the_o latter_a the_o evidence_n thereof_o do_v appear_v by_o the_o joint_a subscription_n of_o all_o before_o name_v which_o be_v likewise_o attest_v by_o sir_n george_n crook_n who_o be_v one_o of_o they_o who_o in_o his_o report_n of_o hillary_n term_v 8_o caroli_n under_o the_o title_n of_o resolution_n upon_o cause_n of_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n write_v that_o it_o be_v agree_v as_o follow_v first_o if_o suit_n shall_v be_v commence_v in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n for_o contract_n or_o other_o thing_n personal_o do_v beyond_o the_o sea_n no_o prohibition_n be_v to_o be_v