relief of the Holy Land A Fast appointed by this Pope during five Years on all the Fridays from Advent till Christmass with abstaining from Flesh on Wednesdays and Saturdays Robert de Bar succceeds Peter de Celles in the Bishoprick of Chartres  Theorianus Hugo Etherianus Robertus Paululus Gervase a Priest of Chichester Odo Abbot of Bel. Cardinal Laborant Geffrey Prior of Vigeois Thierry or Theodoric a Monk Joannes Burgundus The Death of Peter de Celles Bishop of Chartres on the 17. day of February 1188 I. After a Vacancy of 20. days CLEMENT III. is Elected in the place of Gregory VIII January 6. XXXVII III. Philip Augustus King of France imposes a Tax in his Kingdom for his Voyage to the Levant which is call'd by the Name of Saladin's Tithes   1189 II. XXXVIII Henry II. King of England dies and Richard his Son succeeds him The Kings of England and France set forward in their Journey to the Holy Land The Queen Mother and her Brother William of Champagne Cardinal Archbishop of Rheims obtain the Government of France during the King's absence William the Good King of Sicily dies without Issue Constance his Aunt the Wife of Henry the Son of the Emperor lays claim to the Succession but Tancred the Natural Brother of the Princess gets possession of the Kingdom IV. William Bishop of Ely and Legate of the See of Rome in England is made Regent of the Kingdom during the absence of King Richard who is about to undertake an Expedition to the Holy Land   1190 III. XXXIX The Death of the Emperor Frederick in the Levant His Son Henry IV. succeeds him The Kings of England and France arrive in the Month of August at Messina and reside there above six Months V.   Neophytus John Bishop of Lydda The Death of Richard Prior of Hagulstadt 1191 I. Clement III. dies April 10. and CELESTIN III. is substituted in his place I. Henry is Crown'd Emperor by Pope Celestin and his Wife Constance Empress Richard K. of England takes possession of the Kingdom of Cyprus carries off a rich Booty from thence and gives this Kingdom to Guy of Lusignan in exchange for that of Jerusalem which Richard hop'd ere long to wrest out of the Hands of the Infidels VI. Evrard d'Avesnes Bishop of Tournay dying Peter Chanter of the Church of Paris is chosen in his place but William Archbishop of Rheims opposes this Election and causes Stephen Abbot of St. Genevieve at Paris to be Elected the next Year The taking of the City of Acre by the Christians from the Infidels in the Levant Pope Celestin orders the Bishops of England to Excommunicate all those that shou'd refuse to obey the Bishop of Ely Regent of the Kingdom   1192 II. The Pope Excommunicates the Emperor because he detains Prisoner Richard King of England II. Richard K. of England is taken Prisoner in returning from the Holy Land by Leopold Duke of Austria and deliver'd up to the Emperor Henry who confines him 14 Months During his Imprisonment John his Brother sir-nam'd Without Land gets Possession of the Kingdom of England VII The Pope confirms the Rights and Privileges of the Churches and Kingdom of Scotland The Canonization of St. Ubald Bishop of Eugubio Stephen of Tournay causes his Nephew to be chosen in his place Abbot of St. Genevieve at Paris  Baldwin of Devonshire Archbishop of Canterbury dies in the Levant this Year or in the following 1193 III. III. Philip King of France Marries Batilda according to some Authors or Isemburga as others will have it the Sister of Canutus King of Denmark but is Divorced from her some time after under pretence of being too near a kin VIII George Xiphylin is chosen Patriarch of Constantinople  Demetrius Tornicius writes this Year his Treatise of the Procession of the Holy Ghost 1194 IV. IV. Richard K. of England being released out of Prison resumes the Government of his Kingdom IX The Pope appoints the Bishop of Lincoln to take Cognisance of the Misdemeanors and Crimes committed by Geffrey Archbishop of York Michael de Corbeil Dean of the Church of Paris who had been chosen Patriarch of Jerusalem is made Arch-bishop of Sens.  The Death of Joannes Burgundus or John Burguignon Magistrate of Pisa. 1195 V. V. X. Isaacus Angelus is depos'd and ALEXIS ANGELUS is plac'd on the Imperial Throne I. The Pope Constitutes Hubert Archbishop of Canterbury his Legate in England and enjoyns the Bishops of this Kingdom to submit to his Authority He grants a Commission to Simon Dean of the Church of York to govern that Church and Summons Geffrey who was Archbishop of it to appear at Rome to clear himself there of the Crimes laid to his Charge A Synod at York held in the Month of June A Council at Montpellier in the Month of December Gauterius a Regular Canon of St. Victor Thierry or Theodoric Abbot Ogerus Abbot of Lucedia and of Mount St. Michael Robert de Torigny Otho de St. Blaise John Brompton Abbot of Jorval Lupus Proâ—â—spatus Alulphus Monk of St. Martin at Tâ—â—nay Isaac Abbot of L'Etoile 1196 VI. VI. The Emperor Henry marches into Italy with a numerous Army and makes himself Master of Sicily which belong'd to his Dominions in right of his Wife He treats the Sicilians so cruelly that this Princess Commiserating their Misfortunes constrains her Husband by force to grant 'em a Peace upon reasonable Terms II. Eustach is ordain'd Bishop of Ely in England in the place of William Odo de Sully succeeds Maurice in the Bishoprick of Paris  Henry Abbot of Clairvaux The Death of Maurice de Sully Bishop of Paris September 3. Gilbert of Sempringham Peter Abbot of Clairvaux Garnerius Abbot of Clairvaux Nicolas a Canon of Liege Sibrandus Abbot of Mariegarde 1197 VII The Pope consents that Frederick the Son of the Emperor Henry shou'd be Crown'd King of Sicily for 1000 Marks of Silver to be paid to him and as many to the Cardinals VII The Death of the Emperor Henry at Messina The Right of Succession to the Empire is disputed between Philip the Brother of Henry and Otho Duke of Saxony III. The Archbishop of Messina going to consult the Pope about the deceas'd Emperor who dy'd Excommunicated cannot obtain a License for the Interring of that Prince in Consecrated Ground but with the consent of Richard King of England and after having restor'd the sum of Money that was exacted for his Ransom Jourdain du Hommel is ordain'd Bishop of Lisieux Under his Government the Building of the Cathedral of Lisieux was finish'd and that Church was much enrich'd by the Liberality of this Bishop  Bertrand Abbot of la Chaise-Dieu Radulphus Tortarius Christina a Monk of Clairvaux Gauterius of Chatillon Thomas a Monk of Chichester Garnerius a Monk of St. Victor The Death of Peter Comestor Dean of St. Peter at Troyes Robert of Flamesbury Bartholomew Bishop of Oxford 1198 VIII Celestin III. dies Jan.
Care in sending Galleys for the Defence of the Territory of Rome against the Saracens for his restoring to the Church of Rome S. Sergius his Monastery in the Neighbourhood of Constantinople and lastly for having restored Bulgaria to the See of Rome He prays him to continue his Good Will to that See and adds at the end of the Letter That he allows of the Acts of the Council at Constantinople for the Restauration of Photius but if his Legates had any way trespassed upon his Orders he disowns all such Actings and declares them void This Letter bore date August the Thirteenth 880. He also Congratulated Photius upon his Restauration for which he told him he was obliged to Pope John disowns what his Legates had done the Holy See but blamed him for refusing to make a Publick Acknowledgment of his Fault and beg the Council's Pardon He enjoyns him to submit himself and be faithful to the Holy See and ends his Letter with the same Clause contained in that to the Emperour Which shews that he was not as yet fully informed of all those Things the Legates had consented to And indeed when he understood how they had been surprised he went up to the Choire of his Church from whence he fulminated his Excommunication against all Persons that should not receive the Condemnation of Photius and having Deposed his Legates he sent Marinus who had been twice already Legate in the East to Repair the Mischief done by the late Legates Marinus being arrived at Constantinople did strenuously maintain what had been done under Pope Nicholas and in the Eighth Council against Photius refusing to consent to the Abrogation of the Acts of that Council The Emperour incensed at his Presumption in Disannulling what the other had Ratified caused him to be cast into Prison and having kept him there the space of Thirty days thinking that Mortification would make him change his Mind he sent him back to Rome where his Constancy was soon required For Pope John dying in the beginning of the year 882 he was Chosen to be his next Successor on the First of February Being raised to that High Station the first Thing that he did was to Condemn Photius again The following Popes are against the Restauration of Photius to declare void all the Episcopal Functions he had took upon him and to Abrogate all the Acts of the False Council of Photius His Pontificate having lasted but one year and odd days he had for his Successor Adrian the Third of that Name to whom Basilius the Emperour made present Applications to get him to own Photius But this Pope on the contrary did openly declare against him and Confirmed what his Predecessor had done Basilius provoked by this Denial Writ Adrian a Letter full of Invectives against the Bishops of Rome but chiefly against Marinus affirming That he could not legally be Chosen Bishop of Rome because of his being Bishop of another Church This Letter was deliver'd to Pope Stephen the Vth who succeeded Adrian in 885. Stephen made a Sober but Smart Answer to the Emperour in which he tells him That he wonders how he could Write in so violent a Style to his Predecessor for he could not be ignorant that the Sacerdotal Dignity was not any way subject to the Regal Power That though the Emperour represented Christ upon Earth 't is onely in respect to Civil and Temporal Things And that as God has given him a Supream Power over the Things of this World so has he given by St. Peter to his Successors a Supream Authority over Spiritual Things That it was the Emperour's part to destroy with the Sword the Impiety and Barbarity of Tyrants to doe Justice to his Subjects to make Laws and to have Armies both by Sea and Land but that the Care of Christ's Flock is committed to the High-Priests a Dignity as much above that of Kings as Heavenly Things are above Spiritual He exhorts him to follow the Pope's Decrees and to respect their Dignity He charges with Blasphemy all that have offer'd to Calumniate his Predecessor Marinus and sharply rebukes him for his giving credit to such Calumnies He asks him By whom he was Constituted a Judge of the Holy High-Priests And how he knows that Marinus was not a Bishop He excuses his being Translated by several Instances Moreover he affirms That the Pope is not liable to any Man's Judgment and says That Pope Sylvester caused a Declaration of it to be made by his Legates in the Nicene Council A Fact that cannot be proved He justifies all the Proceedings of Marinus and his Predecessors against Photius exhorts the Emperour to put him out of his See and to fill his Place by another Patriarch He complains of the ill usage Marinus had at his Court. Lastly He commends the Emperour for designing one of his Sons for the Sacerdotal Office and requires his Assistance for the defence of Rome and all Italy both by Sea and Land against the Descents and Inrodes of the Barbarians This Letter came to Constantinople after Basilius's Decease and was delivered to his Son Leo Photius turned out again who succeeded him in 886. This Prince was an Enemy to Photius upon a Jealousie he had that Photius had made use of Santarabenus to put him out of his Father's favour who had forced him to a private Life Glad therefore of this Opportunity at his Accession to the Imperial Throne to be revenged of his Enemies he presently turn'd out Photius and banished him into a Monastery in Armenia caused Santarabenus's Eyes to be put out sent him into Exile to Athens and caused Stephen his own Brother to be chosen Patriarch of Constantinople Which Election was approved of by Stylianus Bishop of Neocaesarea and by the other Bishops that were Photius's Adversaries who in their own Names and the Names of the Clergy of Constantinople together with the Abbots and Monks of the Empire sent a Letter to Pope Stephen In which having related all that had passed from the beginning in Photius's Case and how Leo the Emperour had no sooner ascended the Throne of his Father but he presently turn'd him out and by that means delivered them from the Miseries they groaned under for not submitting to him they earnestly entreat him to pardon those who had held Communion with Photius a second time by which Indulgence he would save a world of people proving that it had been practised by the Church upon several Occasions However they acquaint him that they would not suffer the Bishops of Photius's Faction to perform any Sacerdotal Functions whatever Permission they pretended to have from the Holy See till they had a certain Account of the Pope's pleasure in it â—nd that the rest who had submitted to Photius and were compelled to do it were the more excusaâ—le The Emperour writ also to the Pope but only acquainted him by his Letters that Photius had withdrawn himself of his own accord and had embraced a private
sincerity of his Faith and of his good Life This Decree is related by Father Luke Dachery in the Seventh Tome of his Spicilegium by which it appears that there was likewise reserv'd to Raimond Count of Toulouse a certain Annual Summ upon his Revenues and his Wife the Sister of the King of Arragon had reserv'd to her the Lands which belong'd to her as her Dowry The Pope Confirm'd the Sentence of Suspension pass'd by his Legates against Stephen Arch-Bishop of Canterbury Charg'd with having held Intelligence with the Barons of England who would have Depos'd the King Those Lords were Excommunicated 'T is said likewise said that the Patriarch of the Maronitae Re-united those of his Nation to the Church of Rome in this Council that there they Debated the Question about the Primacy of Toledo That the Pope did then Institute the Order of the Cross and Approv'd of the Dominican and Franciscan Orders This Council which was so Numerous at first broke up in less than a Month. The Prelates weary with staying at Rome beg'd leave one after another to depart and the Pope if Matthew Paris may be believ'd granted them leave by obliging them before their Departure to take up great Summs from the Merchants of Rome to give him The War between those of Pisa and the Genoese and the Troubles of Italy immediately oblig'd the Pope to put an end to the Council and to quit his Care for the Affairs of the Church to put in order those of Italy Being set out from Rome on that Design he Dy'd at Perusa the 16th of July 1216. The Council of Melun in the Year 1216. POpe Innocent III. having Wrote to Peter of Corbeil Arch-Bishop of Sens and his Suffragans against King Philip Augustus whom he suspected of supporting his Son Lewis whom he had Excommunicated The Council of Melun 1216. because he carry'd on a War against John King of England tho' he was Cross'd for the Holy Land they met at Melun in the Year 1216. to return an Answer to the Pope and at the same time made several Orders relating to Church-Discipline They order That those who shall continue in a State of Excommunication above a Year and a Day without being Absolv'd shall be constrain'd thereto by the Secular Power which shall Seize upon their Persons and Effects They prohibit a Prior if he be not a Coventual from Borrowing more then Forty Sols without the leave of his Abbot They enjoin the Abbots and Priors to give an Account every Year in the Chapter of the Income and the Expences of the Monastery They prohibit them from Borrowing any Summ without the Consent of the Chapter and the Advice of the Bishop in case the Abbot be absent And Lastly they order the Abbots and Monks to be Habited according to their Quality The Council of Oxford in the Year 1222. STephen Langton Arch-Bishop of Canterbury of whom we have already made mention held a Council The Council of Oxford 1222. at Oxford in the Year 1222. wherein he made a great many Orders for Reforming the Church of England and especially the Monastical Discipline He therein Condemn'd an Impostor who call'd himself The Christ and shew'd marks in his Hands in his Feet and in his Side as the Scars of those Wounds made in his Suffering upon the Cross. We have the Canons of this Council divided into Forty nine Chapters The first declares all those Excommunicated who wrong the Church those that disturb the quiet of the State false Witnesses especially in the Case of Marriage and Dis-inheriting false Accusers those who unjustly or maliciously oppose the Patronage or the taking Possession of Benefices and those that obstruct the Execution of the Orders of the Prince against Excommunicated Persons The Second concerns the Duties of Bishops who are recommended to have honest and grave Almoners to be Charitable to give Audience to the Poor and to do them Justice to hear Confessions to see that their Diocesses be Visited to be resident at their Cathedrals on the Great Festivals and during Lent and tosee that the Profession of Faith which they made at their Consecration be read By the Third they are prohibited from exacting any thing for the Collation of Benefices and by the Fourth from delaying to give Institution and Induction to such as are presented to them for to supply the Benefices However in case there be two Persons presented by two Patrons it is order'd by the Fifth That neither of them shall be promoted by the Bishop till the Cause be determin'd The Sixth imports That the Priests shall celebrate Mass and administer the Sacraments with Devotion that they shall repeat the Words of the Canon entirely that they shall not take the Ablution if they are to celebrate again the same day They are likewise prohibited from celebrating the Mass often on one and the same day except on Christmas and Easter-day or when a Corps is to be interr'd in which case they shall say the First Mass of the Day and the Second for the Deceas'd The Seventh prohibits the Ecclesiasticks who are Benefic'd or in Orders from being Farmers Judges Bayliffs or Officers and from giving or passing Sentences of Death Prohibitions are therein likewise made from holding a Session to try a Criminal in Consecrated Places such as the Church and Church-yard The Eighth contains the Catalogue of Feasts that ought to be Solemniz'd which are all Sundays the Five Days of Christmas the Circumcision the Epiphany all the Festivals of the Blessed Virgin except that of the Conception to celebrate which no Man is oblig'd these are the very Words of the Council the Conversion of St. Paul the Chair of St. Peter all the Festivals of the Apostles the Feast of St. Gregory Holy Thursday the Second Third and Fourth Holydays in Easter-Week Ascension-day the Second Third and Fourth Holy-days in Whitson-Week the Feast of St. Augustin in May the Two Feasts of the Holy Cross the Translation of St. Thomas the Martyr the Two Feasts of St. John the Feast of St. Margaret that of St. Mary Magdalene the Feast of St. Peter in bonds the Feasts of St. Lawrence St. Michael St. Edmund the Confessor St. Edmund the King and Martyr Sr. Catharine St. Clement and St. Nicholas the Feast of the Dedication of each Church and the Feast of the Holy Patron There are likewise reckon'd several other Feasts of a Second Rank which are to be celebrated with less Solemnity and several of a Third Rank on which they might go to work after Mass with a List of the Vigils and Fasts of the Year The Ninth enjoyns the Curates to Preach often and to take care to visit the Sick The Tenth imports That every Church shall have a Silver-Chalice with other necessary Utensils a White Surplice Altar-cloths Books and Ornaments proper and suitable and that the Arch-Deacons shall take care of it The Eleventh prohibits a Man who resigns a Benefice from retaining the Vicaridge thereof The
set at Liberty A Council held in the Province of Narbonne against the Albigenses The Assembly of Northusa held in the Christ-mas Holy-Days William of Segnelay made Bishop of Auxerre Gautier of Coutances Arch-Bishop of Roan dies Nov. 16. 1208 XI III. Theodotus Lascaris causes a Patriarch of Constantinople Residing at Nice to be Elected Michael Autorianus is the first Philip kill'd at Bamberg Jun. 1. by Otho of Wilâ—â—pach Otho Duke of Saxony is Elected at Francfort King of Germany in his place I. Bruno causes Adolphus to be depos'd from the Arch-Bishoprick of Cologne and takes possession of it again Sifroy takes possession of the Arch-Bishoprick of Mentz after he had turn'd out Lupoldus who enjoy'd it till Philip's Death The Institution of the Order of St. Francis The Assembly of Paris wherein Gallo Cardinal Legate in France drew up several Orders Roderick Ximenes Advanc'd to the Arch-Bishoprick of Toledo 1209 XI IV. II. Otho Crown'd Emperor by Pope Innocent III. October 4. An Insurrection of the Peo of Rome against Otho The Memory of Ainaury condemn'd in the Council of Paris his Bones dug up and cast into the Common Sewer Several of his Disciples condemned also in that Council and afterwards burnt The Metaphysicks and Physicks of Aristotle newly brought from Constantinople and transtated into Latin are condemn'd to be burnt by the same Council which forbids the reading them under pain of Excommunication An Assembly of Wurtzburgh wherein the Pope's Legates approv'd of the Marriage to be contracted between Otho the Emperor and Philip's Daughter The Council of Montilly against Raymond Count of Toulouse The Council of Avignon Sept. 6. The Council of Paris  1210 XIII V. III. Otho Revenges himself of the Romans by Acts of Hostility which oblig'd the Pope to Excommunicate him and to declare him divested of the Empire in a Council ussembled at Rome  The Council of Rome against the Emperor Otho The Death of Gilbert Martin about this Year Arnold Abbot of Lubec Writes his Chronicon Vermerus Abbot of St. Blaise Peter de Vaux de Cernay William of Puilaurent Gervais of Tilbury Gautier Mapes Gilbert Alanus John Galle Bernard of Compostella These all Flourish'd 1211 XIV VI. Frederick II. Elected King of Germany I. The Pope causes the Sentence of Excommunication against the Emperor Otho to be Publish'd in Germany by Sifroy Arch-Bishop of Mentz The Institution of the Order of the Trinity or of the Redemption of Captives by John of Matha Dr. of Paris and by Felix Hermit of Valois approv'd by the Pope three Years after The Assembly of Nuremberg held about Pentecost Wherein the Emperor Otho declar'd War against the Count of Thuringa who had given shelter to the Arch-Bishop of Mentz Wilbrand of Oldemburgh writes his Itenery of the Holy Land 1211 XV. VII II. Frederick goes into Germany where he is very well receiv'd and makes great Progress against Otho  The Council of Paris Robert of Marian finishes his Chronicon 1213 XVI VIII III. Peter of Arragon kill'd September 10. His Son James I. Succeeds him  The Council of Lavaur against the Count of Toulouse and the Albigenses John of Oxford John of Fordeham Jocelin of Frakelonde John Gray Adam of Barkingen Hugh le Blanc Flourish'd 1214 XVII IX IV. Frederick Crown'd Emperor at Aix-la-Chapelle Otho is entirely routed July 15. at Bouvines by Philip Augustus King of France Alphonso King of Castile dies Octob. 〈◊〉 His Son Henry Succeeds him    1215 XVIII X. Theodorus Irenicus Coppas nominated Patriarch of Constantinople by the Greeks V. Simon Count of Montfort General of the Croisade against the Albigenses takes upon him the Name of Count of Toulouse that County being granted to him by the Council of Montpellier and the Pope The Decree of the Council of Montpellier which grants to Simon General of the Croisade against the Albigenses all the Territories of Raimond Count of Toulouse Favourer of those Hereticks with a Charge of receiving the Investiture of them from the King of France The Pope confirm'd this Decree yet reserving to the Count's Son some Demeans in Provence and 400 Marks a Year The Pope's Legate in reforming the University of Paris confirms the Prohibition of Reading Aristotle's Works but permitted the Teaching of his Logicks The Pope approves of the Order of Minor Friars which began this Year to be founded at Paris The Institution of the Order of St. Dominick The Council of Montpellier the beginning of this Year The Fourth General Lateran Council held in November Alexander Neckam is made Abbot of Exeter Conrad of Lichtenau is likewise made Abbot of Ursperg St. Francis of Assâ—sy William Deacon of Bourges then Flourish'd 1216 XIX Innocent III. dies July 16. two days after Honorius III. is Elected in his stead I. XI Henry Emperor of Constantinople dies June 10. Peter of Courtnay Count of Aâ—xerre who had marry'd his Daughter Jolanta is Elected in his stead I. VI. The Death of the Emperor Otho John King of England dies Oct. 17. Heâ—â—y III. his Son Succeeds him  The Council of Melun Anonymous Author of a Collection of the Decretals of Innocent III. 1217 II. II. Peter of Courtnay Crown'd Emperor of Constantinople by Pope Honorius III. in the Suburbs of Rome April 18. He is taken in his Journey to Constantinople by Theodorus Comnena Prince of Epirus His Wife Jolanta governs the Empire three Years VII Henry of Castile dies leaving his Sisâ—er Berengaria Queen of Leon his Heiress who gave the Kingdom to her Son Ferdinand who Succeeded his Father Alphonso in the Kingdom of Leon. The Dominicans are founded in Paris in the House of S. James from whence they were call'd Jacobines The Foundation of the Order of the Valley of Scholars in the Diocess of Langres approv'd by the Pope the Year ensuing  Matthew Paris enters into the Monastery of St. Albans 1218 III. I. Theodorus Comnena Prince of Epirus renounces the Schism of the Greeks and is reunited to the Latin Church VIII Simon of Montfort General of the Croisade against the Albigenses having laid Siege to Toulouse was kill'd in a Salley His Son Amaury Succeeds him in his Conquests The Franciscans obtain an House in Paris in which they are Establish'd  Ramond of Pemafort enters into the Order of Franciscans 1219 IV. II. IX The Franciscans go from France to establish themselves in England  Maurice made Bishop of Mans. 1220 V. III. Maximus made Patriarch of Constantinople at Nice X. Frederick Crown'd Emperor at Rome by Pope Honorius III.   William of Segnelay is translated to the Bishoprick of Paris Jourdain enters into the Order of the Dominicans Ricerus the Companion of S. Francis S. Anthony of Padua Henry of Kalva Abbot of Richenou Conrad Prior of Schur Eckethard Dean of S. Gal. William Monk of S. Denis These Flourish'd at this time 1221 VI. Robert Son of Peter of Courtnay declar'd Emperor of Constantinople I. Manuel Charitopulus succeeds Maximus in the Patriarchship of Constantinople
same Year by the same Pope to the Bishoprick of Pamiez hath made Postills upon all the Historical Books of the Bible which are found in the Library of Mr. Colbert Cod. 114 115 116 117 118. He lived till after the Year 1342. Petrus Alverniensis or Peter of Auvergne a Canon of the Church of Paris Composed a Summ Pet. de Auvergne of Quodlibetical Questions about 1320. 'T is in Mr. Colbert's Library Cod. 963. Vitalis è Furno a Native of Bazas in Guienne a Grey-Friar was employed by Pope Clement Vitalis è Furno V. to Examine the Errors of John Oliva and made Cardinal of the Title of S. Martin in 1312. John XXII gave him the Title of the Bishoprick of Albania after the Death of the Cardinal of Aux which happened in 1320. He maintained in the Consistory in the Year 1322. against the Judgment of the Pope That it was not Heretical to assert That neither Jesus Christ nor his Apostles had nothing of their own but lived in Common and was so bold as to declare that it was an Heresie to hold the contrary but the Pope being very much enraged against him he begged Pardon and retracted his Assertion He died 1327. He hath left us a Book called Speculum Morale or a Moral Looking-glass upon the Scripture which puts a Mystical Sence upon almost all Passages both of the Old and New Testament This Work was Composed by this Author in 1305. and printed at Lyons in 1513. and at Venice in 1514. and 1600. where also the Comments of this Author upon the Proverbs of Solomon upon the Four Gospels and the Revelation are printed The Treatise upon the Preservation of Health and the Cures of Diseases printed in his name at Mayence in 1531. belong to an Author of greater Antiquity who lived in the time of Bola King of Hungary of whom he speaks as Mr. Baluzius has already observed They who have written of the Authors of the Order of S. Francis do make mention of some other Works of this Author in MS. and among others his Commentaries upon the Sentences which are said to be in the Vatican Library Marinus Sanutus or Sanudo Sirnamed Torsellus from an Instrument so called of which he Marinus Sanutus was the Inventor a Native of Rivoalti a Town under the States of Venice after he had spent his Youth in an Expedition to the Holy Land Composed a Work to which he gave the Title The Secrets of the Faithful of the Cross in which he undertakes to prescribe a Way how the Christians may recover the Holy Land divided into Three Books In the First Book he shews That the way to weaken the Infidels is to hold no Trade nor Commerce with them In the Second he shews How they must be Attacqued in what Places and with what Forces In the Third he gives an History of the Holy Land and the Expedition of the Christians thither that he may instruct them in such Methods as may Succeed in the Conquest of it by avoiding the Faults of the one and imitating the Conduct of the other Sanutus presented this Work in the Year 1312. to Pope John XXII with Geographical Tables and dedicated it to the Kings of France England and Sicily Exhorting them to undertake the Conquest of the Holy Land He hath also written several Letters upon the same Subject to the Princes Cardinals and Prelates which are printed at the End of his Work published by Bogarsius in his Collection Intituled Gesta Dei per Francos the Acts of God done by the French printed at Hanover in 1611. Alexander de S. Elpidio a City of Italy near Rome was chosen in 1312. General of the Order Alexander de S. Elpidio of Augustine-Hermites and made in the Year 1325. Archbishop of Ravenna Composed by the Order of Pope John XXII a Treatise about the Jurisdiction of the Empire and Authority of the Pope divided into two Books and printed at Lyons in 1498. and at Ariminum in 1624. It is said That there are some MS. Treatises of the same Author and among others a Treatise of Evangelical Poverty and the Unity of the Church with some Commentaries upon Aristotle's Works preserved in the Library of the Augustine-Friars at Bononia by Josephus Pamphilus in Chron. Erem p. 46. Alvarus Pelagius a Native of Galecia in Spain Dr. of Law in the University of Bononia entred Alvarus Pelagius into the Order of Grey-Friars in 1304. when he had studied Divinity at Pisa and afterward at Paris under Joannes Scotus He was made by Pope John XXII about the Year 1330. Apostolick Penitentiary and afterwards honoured with the Dignity of Bishop of Coronna in Achaia and lastly made Bishop of Silves in Portugal He defended John XXII against Michael de Caesenas We have an excellent Treatise composed by him called Planctus Ecclesiae i. e. The Churches Complaints dedicated to Petrus Gomesius General of his own Order which he finished at Compostella in 1340. and has been printed at Ulm in 1474. at Lyons 1517. and at Venice in 1560. A Summ of Divinity printed at Ulm in 1474. A MS. Treatise which is found in the Vatican Library and in Mr. Colbert's Cod. 2071. Intituled Collyrium Fidei contra Haereses i. e. A Salve to preserve the Faith against Heresies A long Discourse of the Vision of Souls made before Pope John XXII in which he defends the Judgment of that Pope It is in MS. in the Library of the Grey-Friars at Toledo Trithemius makes mention of a Treatise of this Author Intituled The Mirrour of Kings and an Apology divided into Four Books The Treatise of Alvarus Pelagius De planctu Ecclesiae is divided into two Books In the First he treats of the State of the Church its Foundation Jurisdiction Power and Sanctity the Pope and Cardinals Authority In it he maintains as well the Temporal as Spiritual Soveraignty of the Pope That none can Appeal from his Judgment That he has none that can Judge him upon Earth That he has two Swords That he is above Emperors and Kings and may depose them He also in it treats of the Pope's dispensing Power the Authority of his Legates Ecclesiastical Censures and the Power of Bishops Duty of Kings Qualities of the Church and particularly its Unity Of Schism and Schismaticks The Second Book contains many Passionate Declamations against the Disorders and Unruliness of the Members of the Church of all Degrees and the means to remedy them In it he also treats of the Obligation of Bishops to Residence of Simony of such Faults as the Popes may be guilty of of their Obligations and Duties as also of the Cardinals Patriarchs and Bishops He describes the Vices into which they commonly fall and spares not the Abbots and Monks From the Clergy he passes to the Laity and having run through all Estates and Employments Conditions Ages and Sexes he discovers their Sins to which they are Subject and opposes the Errors of the Begards In it also
by Marius Mercator Coll. of Lupus ch 4. and John Bishop of Antioch caused Andrew Bishop of Samosata and Theodoret to write against S. Cyril's He wrote also himself Circular Letters to condemn them The time for the assembling of the Council drawing nigh the Bishops began their Journey to present themselves at Ephesus S. Cyril went with almost 50 Bishops of Aegypt and being landed at Rhodes he wrote the News of it to his Clergy and People He arrived at Ephesus five or six Act. Conc. p. 1. c. 33. and 34. Days before Pentecost which was that Year upon June 7. Nestorius also came about the same time with 10 Bishops Juvenal also arrived with some Bishops of Palestine But John Bishop of Antioch who was obliged to assemble his Bishops to Antioch who were almost 12 Days Journey distant from thence and had above 30 Days Journey by the Land thither could not get there so soon He Ibid. c. 36 wrote a Letter of Excuse to S. Cyril and assured him that he would be at Ephesus within five or six Days The Emperor sent Count Candidian to the Council that he might assist at it in his stead not to meddle with Questions or Controversies which concerned the Faith but to drive away the Monks and Laity which came to Ephesus in throngs and might raise Disturbances there To maintain the Order and Freedom of the Council without suffering any Heats or Contests To hinder the Bishops from going from Ephesus to Court or elsewhere And to oblige them to define and determine the Questions in debate before they started any others And this did the Letter Ibid. c. 35 sent to the Council declare to be the substance of his Commission wherein 't is also said that shall not bring any Criminal or Pecuniary against the Bishops of the Council neither in the Council nor before the Judges of Ephesus And that he hath permitted Count Irenaeus Nestorius's Friend to accompany him nevertheless without allowing him any Share in the Commission granted to Candidian Fifteen Days being past from the Day appointed for the Synod the Eastern Bishops having Coll. of Lupus ch 7. also sent two Bishops who had assured them that the rest would soon be there and that they would not take it ill if the Council began without them Saint Cyril and Juvenal Bishop of Jerusalem and the Bishops of Aegypt and Asia met in the Great Church of S. Mary Ju. 22. althô the Legats of the Holy See were not yet come and notwithstanding the Opposition of 68 Bishops who required them to stay till the arrival of the Eastern and Western Bishops Saint Coll. of Lupus ch 7. Cyril was President of this Council We shall examine by and by whether it was in his own or in the Pope's Name The Number of Bishops if we may believe what they have written themselves was near 200. The Orientals count but 50 out of Aegypt 30 Asian Bishops and some others The Subscriptions make it * Credible evident that there were 160 who signed it because there were some of those who at first opposed the holding of the Council who did nevertheless joyn in it After Peter the Chief Notary had in a few Words declared the Cause of the calling of this Council they made him read the Emperor 's Circular Letter sent to the Metropolitans Afterward Act. I. Memnon having observed that there had sixteen Days passed since the day fixed by the Emperors Letter Saint Cyril said that it was high time to begin the Council and required that such Papers should be read as were useful for that end and chiefly Candidian's Commission which he had already perused 't is true but he said after that he did it against his Will and to know the Emperor's mind only and not to begin the Council But he demanded that they should stay till the Eastern Bishops were arrived saying that it was the Emperor's design to make it a general †Coll. of Lupus c. 9 Council and not a particular and separate Assembly But because they had no regard to his advise he retreated and immediately entred his Protestation against the Council Saint Cyril and the other Bishops did not give over their Proceedings and Theodorus Bishop of Ancyra having represented it as a thing necessary to * Cite call Nestorius before they read any thing three Bishops arose and said That Yesterday they had been with Nestorius and the six or seven Bishops which were with him and that they had advised them to come to the Council but they could get no other answer from them but this That they would think of it and would come to it if they judged it convenient Wherefore they sent others with a Summons in Writing to cite him to the Council Florentius the Tribune being accompanied with a Clerk of Nestorius's answered them That he will come to the Council when all the Bishops are met These Bishops having reported this answer to the Council they sent other Bishops to cite him the third time according to the Canons but they were not suffered to enter into Nestorius's House and they could get no other reason from the Guards that were at his Gate but this That they had Order to keep any Person from entring that came from the Synod This being reported to the Council they began to enter upon the Discussion of their business And after they had rehearsed the Nicene Creed they read S. Cyril's second Letter to Nestorius which was unanimously approved by them The answer of Nestorius to it being also read was rejected and they pronounced an Anathema against it and the Author of in They caused also S. Caelestine's Letter S. Cyril's third Letter and his Anathema's to be read Then they heard the Testimony of Theodotus of Ancyra who deposed that since he was at Ephesus he had heard Nestorius say That it was an Impious Assertion to say That a God could be an Infant of two or three Months Old Acacius also Bishop of Melitina averred that he heard one of the Bishops which were of Nestorius's company say That be that suffered for us was a distinct Person from the Word After these Testimonies they produced many passages of the ancient Fathers and several pieces of Nestorius's Writings They also read the Letter of Capreolus Bishop of Carthage brought by Bessulas his Deacon wherein he tells the Council that the state of the African Church was such that he could not call a Synod to choose Deputies for the Council and that they were so beset with their Enemies that it was impossible for them to get to it That the Emperor's Letter came not to them till Easter and if they had had free passage they could not have got to the Council so soon so that he was contented to send his Deacon Bessulas with a Letter of Excuse but did conjure them not to suffer any Novelty to Creep into the Church and to confirm the ancient Doctrine and the
Catholick Faith The Council judging Nestorius sufficiently convicted by these Records which they had read pronounced Sentence against him in these words The Most Impious Heretick Nestorius refusing to appear at our Citation and not suffering the Holy Bishops which we sent to him to enter into his House we were obliged to examine his Cause and having convicted him of dispersing and teaching an Impious Doctrine as hath been proved as well by his Letters and other Writings as by the Sermons which he hath Preached in this Metropolis which hath been confirmed by sufficient Testimonies we have been forced according to the Letter of S. Caelestine Bishop of Rome to pronounce against him this heavy Sentence which we cannot do but with grief Our Lord Jesus Christ against whom Nestorius hath Blasphemed declares him by this Synod deprived of his Episcopal Dignity and separated from the Communion of the * Sacradotal or Priestly Episcopal Order So that Nestorius was cited twice in one Day his Cause examined his Letters and Writings read and rejected the Letters and Writings of S. Cyril approved Witnesses heard and the Condemnation of Nestorius pronounced by 200 Bishops or thereabouts at one Session only It is true it lasted a long time for S. Cyril observes in a Letter that they met very early in the Morning and made an end very late by Candle-light The next day the Sentence pronounced against Nestorius by the Synod was signified to him by Sancta Synodus In Epheso coacta Nestorio Novo Judae a Letter from the Council In the Direction of it he is called Another Judas As soon as this was done they wrote in the name of the Synod to the Emperor and Clergy of Constantinople Saint Cyril wrote also in his own Name to the Clergy of Constantinople and Alexandria and sent the Emperor the Acts of the Council Nestorius was not idle on his part but wrote a Letter to the Emperor in his own Name and in the Name of 16 Bishops who signed his Letter that being come to Ephesus according to the Orders of the Emperor to be present at the Council he waited for the Bishops who were to come thither from all parts and particularly for the Bishop of Antioch and the Metropolitans of his Diocese as also for the Bishops that were come out of Italy and Sicily But perceiving that the Aegyptians were very impatient under this delay believing that they did it out of design they had offered to come to the Synod if Count Candidian would cite them to it but he would not do it because he had heard that John Bishop of Antioch and the Eastern Bishops would soon come Nevertheless the Bishops of Aegypt and Asia would hold a Council alone and had filled the City with trouble That Memnon Bishop of this City had granted them the Great Church for this tumultuous Assembly to meet in although he had denied them the Licence to go into S. John's Church He desires the Emperor to give Orders that they be not wronged and abused and that they Celebrate a Lawful Council not allowing any Monk or Lay-man nor any Bishop not Summoned to be present at it but only two of the most Eminent and Learned chosen out of every Province or if he did not think it 〈◊〉 to permit them to return 〈◊〉 again 〈◊〉 Candidian also sent the Emperor a Relation of 〈◊〉 had passed much like the Account Nestorius had given him He also gave the Council Notice that be had written to him and made his Declaration against the meeting of the Council◠and Ordered that they should wait for the arrival of John Bishop of Antioch Five days after the Deposition of Nestorius John Bishop of Antioch and the other Eastern Bishops arrived They were but 26 which being joyned with the 10 Bishops which were with Collect. of Lupus c. 15. 28. Nestorius made but 36 in all if we believe S. Cyril's Relation Nevertheless in the Subscriptions of their Letters we find more than 50 set down by their Names and the Names of their Cities The Council sent some Bishops to meet John Bishop of Antioch and desired him not to Communicate with Nestorius who was deposed But John Bishop of Antioch was so far from harkening to them that as soon as he arrived he held a Council * In his Inn. in the place of his Abode Here Candidian declared that he had done all he could to hinder the Bishops who were assembled with Cyril and Memnon from doing any thing before the coming of the Eastern Bishops That they had required of him that they might read the Emperor's Letters saying They knew not the Emperor's Orders that he had done it against his Will merely to prevent any Sedition but at his departure he had admonished them to do nothing rashly but not having regard to his advise they had done what they pleased after they had driven him out of the Council and refused to hear the Bishops which Nestorius had sent to them He then read the Emperor's Letter and when that was done John Bishop of Antioch demandad if he done any thing more He said That they had Deposed Nestorius and had published and fastened up his Deposition John Bishop of Antioch went on and asked him If it were done regularly if Nestorius were present and Convected or whether he was Condemned without being heard Candidian answered that it was all transacted without Examination and contrary to the Rules Candidian having given this Testimony he went out The Bishops accused Memnon of shutting up the Churches against them and S. Cyril of reviving the Error of Arius and Nestorius in his twelve Chapters Upon this Accusation they pronounce the Sentence of Deposition against S. Cyril and Memnon and Excommunicated all those who had Communion with them till they should confess the Faith of the Council of Nice without adding any thing to it pronouncing Anathema against S. Cyril's Chapters and obeying the Emperor's Orders who Commanded them to examine this Question without tumult and noise This Sentence was signified to the Bishops against whom it was given and because they minded it not they protested against Cyril and Memnon because they still held a Council after they were deposed and contrary to the prohibition of Candidian These Bishops immediately sent the Emperor word by Writing what they had done There were two remarkable Circumstances in this Letter The first That S. Cyril had written to John Bishop of Antioch two days before the beginning of the Synod that he would stay till he came The Second That they could not get thither sooner because of the length and tiresomness of the Voyage which they were forced to make by Land They wrote also to the Clergy Senate and People of Constantinople to the Empresses and to the People of Hierapolis The Relation of Candidian being received at Constantinople first Theodosius ordered that all that had been done by S. Cyril's Synod should be looked upon as Null and Void
give an Account what Letters had been Intercepted that being reported to the Council it might be Examined by them Lewis the Emperour of Italy being dead Aug. 8. 875 Charles was Crowned Emperour at Rome on Christmass-Day of the same year by Pope John the VIII and at his return received the Crown of Lombardy at Pavia and the Confirmation of his Imperial Crown in an Assembly of the Nobles and Bishops of that Countrey held Feb. 876 at which the Pope was present in person After this to acknowledge the Obligations he had to the Pope he made a Constitution in which he decreed That all persons should pay an especial Veneration to the Holy Roman Church the Head of all other Churches that no Man should dare to attempt any thing in violation of her Power and Privileges but should enjoy her full Authority and exercise her Pastoral care over all the Church that they should particularly honour the Supreme Bishop and Universal Pope John that his Decrees should be received with all due regard and Obedience be given him in all things he hath right to He forbids all persons encroaching upon the Lands and Revenues of the Church of Rome He then commands that due respect be paid to the Sacerdotal Authority and Clergy that all should submit to the Imperial Authority and none should be so bold as to resist his Orders That Bishops should freely exercise their Function and punish Offenders that they be careful to Preach He enjoyns the Lay-men which dwell in the Cities to be present at the Assemblies of the Church on Festival-days and forbids them having private Chapels in their Houses He requires that Bishops should have Colleges for their Prebendaries near the Church that Prebendaries should live according to the Canonical Rules and be subject to their Bishop He forbids Clergy-men dwelling or conversing with Women as also Hunting He provides for the preservation of the Church-Revenues and payment of Tithes He commends Friendship between the Nobility and Clergy This was published and received at Pontigon in July 876. Lastly Charles the Bald held an Assembly of his Nobles at Quiercy June 877 in which he made several Constitutions by his own Authority and propounded others to his Nobles for their Advice The Constitutions now made about Discipline are these The First was about the Honour and Liberty of Churches so often repeated By the 2d he confirms the Privileges of the Abbey of S. Mary of Compeigne granted by the Pope received by the Bishops and Authorized by the King's Letters The 8th secures the Revenues of Vacant Arch-bishopricks and Bishopricks In the 12th he nominates several Bishops Abbots and Earls to dispose of his Alms which he should give by Will after his Death The rest contain several Directions for doing what is necessary for the good of his Kingdom and Children after his Decease Two days after he renewed again the Constitution about the Honour of Churches and Authority of Bishops he confirmed several Ecclesiastical and Civil Laws and promised to put them in Execution He provides for the preservation of the Estate of an Earl lately deceased till his Son was in possession of it and for the security of those Churches who have lost their Bishop Abbot or Superiour till they have a Successor These are the last Constitutions of Charles the Bald who died August the 28th following at Frankfort in the 70th year of his Age and 59th from his first Coronation He was a Lover of Justice Religion and of the Church and was the nearest of any Prince of his Race to Charles the Great in his good Qualities and Vertues The Council of Mentz held Anno 847. THis Council was held under Rabanus An. 847. It was made up of 12 Bishops some Suffragans The Council of Mentz several Abbots Monks Priests and others of the Clergy The Bishops and Clergy made one body and had the Gospels Canons and Fathers laid before them The Monks the Rule of St. Benedict that they might unanimously endeavour a Reformation of the Clergy and the Monastick Life First They particularly recommended it to the Bishops that they should take care that the people be well-instructed in the Fundamentals of Religion and for that end certain Homilies should be composed in the Vulgar Tongue Secondly That Baptism should be administred according to the Rites of the Church of Rome and at the times appointed by the Pope's Decretals They exhort all Men to Peace and order That not onely those Men should be Excommunicated who attempt any thing against the King or State but those who by surprize contrary to his good affection to Religion obtain of him the Lands and Revenues that belong to the Church They leave the whole disposal of the Church's Revenues in the power of the Bishops and forbid the Clergy to make use of them to augment their own Estates or dispose of them They secure their Tythes and other Rights to the Churches They revive the Canons concerning such Employments as are forbid Clergy-men and Monks They forbid Monks to have any possessions of their own to covet the enjoyment of worldly things which they have renounced and to take on them any Cure of Souls without the consent of the Bishop They forbid Abbesses to go out of their Monasteries without great necessity and without the leave of the Bishop They revive the Ancient Canons of the Council of Ancyra against Man-slayers They declare touching the Administration of the Sacraments to the Sick that the Priests ought to require of them a sincere Confession without imposing on them any rigorous Penance but onely to bring their sins to remembrance and comfort them under them by the Prayers of their Friends and by their Alms and so Absolve them upon condition nevertheless that if they recover their health they shall undergoe what Penance shall be imposed on them after which they may Administer the Unction and then the Communion as their Viaticum They are not afraid to grant such Malefactors as suffer for their Crimes if they confess their sins and are penitent the honour of a Christian Burial and that their Offerings be received and Masses said for them Lastly After they have forbidden all Contracts of Marriages either Incestuous or within the Degrees of Consanguinity prohibited by the Laws they command that Penances proportionable to Mens Crimes shall be imposed upon them that publick Sinners shall do publick Penance and they whose sins are secret shall undergoe private Penance This is almost all that is contained in the One and thirty Canons of this Council We shall not here speak of the Council of Mentz held the next year against Goteschalcus nor of those that concern his Affair nor Ebbo's because we have spoken of them at large in another place The Council of Pavia THe Emperour Lotharius and his Son Lewis held an Assembly at Pavia Anno 850. in which The Council of Pavia the Bishops made 25 Articles or Constitutions In the First they order that the
decide this difference of which he inform'd Charles the Simple in another Letter The two Competitors obey'd and came both to Rome where the Cause was decided in favour of Richerus who was ordain'd Bishop of Liege by the Pope and Hilduin was excommunicated This contest began in the year 920 and ended in the year 922. The third Letter of Pope John X. is directed to the Bishops of the upper Narbonnois The Church of Narbonne which was the Metropolis of that Country being vacant Agius had been elected into it according to the Canon but a powerful man named Gerard possess'd himself of that Archbishoprick having counterfeited Letters from the Pope John X. disowns them in this Letter and declares that he would not give him a grant thereof when he came to Rome tho he was ignorant of his Treachery and Knavery but that being since fully inform'd of the matter he orders them not to acknowledge him any longer for Bishop since he had been neither elected by the Clergy and Laity of that Town nor ordain'd by the Bishops of the Province By the same Letter he sends the Pall to Agius These three Letters of John X. are extant Concil Tom. IX p. 574. Leo VII WE have likewise three Letters remaining of Leo VII The First is directed to Hugh Duke of France and Abbot of S. Martin of Tours The Letters of Leo VII He therein enjoyns him under the pain of excommunication not to suffer any Women to stay or so much as enter within the inclosure of that Monastery The Second is directed to Gerard Archbishop of Lorch in Germany He grants him the Pall and permits him to make use of it not only on the days of consecrating the Holy Chrism and of the Resurrection of our Lord but also on the Festivals of Christmass of the Blessed Virgin of the Apostles of St. John the Baptist of St. Lawrence of St. Stephen and of all those Saints whose Bodies lay interr'd in his Church and on the Day of his own Consecration and of the Dedication of the Church during the consecration of Bishops and Priests and the Sermons to the new Converts He exhorts him to behave himself so as that the Sanctity of his Moâ—als may be suitable to the Dignity of that Ornament and afterwards makes a very edifying Moâ—al discourse upon that subject This Gerard came afterwards to Rome and consulted with the Pope about several Questions to which he gave an answer directed to the Bishops of France and Germany The first of these Questions is concerning Necromancers Magicians and Wizards whether they ought to be admitted to Penitence The Pope reply'd that the Bishops ought to bring them over to repentance by their exhortations that so they might live like Penitents rather than dye like Criminals He adds that if they slighted the censures of the Bishops they ought to be punish'd according to the Rigor of the civil Laws The second Question is whether the Bishops ought to say Pax Vobis or Dominus Vobiscum the Pope reply'd that they ought to act conformably to the custom of the Church of Rome wherein Pax Vobis was said on Sundays the principal Festivals and on the Festivals of the Saints on which days they likewise said Gloria in excelsis and that Dominus vobiscum was us'd in the time of Lent the Ember-Weeks the Vigil of Saints and â—n Fast-days The third Question is to know whether the Lords Prayer ought to be said at the benediction of the Table The Pope reply'd No because the Apostles recited it at the consecration of the Body and Blood of JESUS-CHRIST The fourth is whether a man might marry with his God-mother or God-daughter The Pope reply'd that such Marriages were forbidden The fifth has respect to those Priests who marry publickly The Pope orders that thâ—y shall be depriv'd of their Dignity but that their Children should not be endamaged thereby The sixth is whether Surfragan Bishops can consecrate Churches ordain Priests or Confirm The Pope prohibits it according to the tenth Canon of the Council of Antioch The seventh is concerning those who marry their Relations without knowing it and who afterwards upon the knowledge thereof confess it to the Priest the Pope orders that they shall be parted and enjoyn'd Pennance The last is concerning those who rob Churches the Pope declares that the Bishops ought to proceed against them with all the Authority God has put into their hands At the end of this Letter he adds that he constituted Gerard his Vicar in Germany and exhorts the Bishops to joyn with him in reforming those abuses which the Incursions of the Pagans and the persecution rais'd by false Christians had introduc'd These Letters of Leo are written in a pretty good Stile and full of good Maxims and confirm the Judgment which Flodoard has passed upon him that he was a great Servant of God His Letters are extant Concil Tom. IX p. 594. Agapetus II. WE have likewise a Letter of Pope Agapetus II. wherein he adjusts the difference which A Letter of Agapetus II. was then on foot between the Church of Lorch and that of Salzburgh concerning the Right of Metropolitanship by giving the Priority to the Archbishop of Lorch whose See was the most ancient Metropolitan together with a Jurisdiction over the Eastern Pannonia and over the Country of Avarois of the Moravians and Sclavonians and by granting to the Archbishop of Salzburgh whose See was rais'd to an Archbishoprick by Leo III the Right over the Western Pannonia There is another Letter of this Pope which is a Priviledge in favour of the Abby of Clâ—ny Both these Letters are extant Concil Tom. IX p. 618. John XII WE have two Letters of John XII One by which he grants the Pall to Dunstan The Letters of John XII Archbishop of Canterbury and the other whereby he excommunicates Issuard and his Adherents who had seiz'd upon the Lands and Estates belonging to the Abbey of S. Simphorien in Provence These Letters are extant Concil Tom. IX p. 641. John XIII THere are four Letters of John XIII The first is directed to the Bishops of Bretagne The Letters of John XIII whom he exhorts to acknowledge the Archbishop of Tours for their Metropolitan The second is directed to Edgar King of England wherein he promises him to turn out of the Church of Winchester such Prebendaries as lead a scandalous Life and to put some Monks into their places The third and fourth are two priviledges which he grants one to the Monastery built by Berenger Bishop of Verdun the other to the Monastery of S. Remy of Rheims These four Letters are extant Concil Tom. IX p. 663. Benedict VI. POpe Benedict VII by his Letter to the Bishops of France and Germany confirms the The Letter of Benedict VII Arbitration made in favour of the Church of Lorch by his Predecessor Agapetus and sends the Pall to Pilgrin who was Archbishop of the place This Letter is extant Concil
Eighty Sixth is written to St. Bernard by John Abbot of the House of St. Mary in the Country of Verulo to comfort him about the unsuccessful Expedition to the holy-Holy-Land whereof St. Bernard had been the Promoter He imputes the Fault thereof to the wickedness of those that had the management of it The Three Hundred Eighty Seventh is written to Peter Abbot of Cluny to whom St. Bernard excuses himself about a sharp Letter written in his Name affirming that the Blame ought not to be cast on him but on the Authors of it to which Peter Abbot of Cluny Answers by the following Letter expressing a great deal of Value and Esteem for St. Bernard professing himself well satisfy'd with his Excuse and moreover mentioning a Legacy deposited in the Treasury of Cluny which was left to the Monasteries of Clairvaux and Cisteaux which he says he will not contend with him about nor concerning the Election of a Bishop of Grenoble which the Carthusians oppos'd St. Bernard gives a short Answer to this Letter by the Three Hundred Eighty Ninth The Three Hundred and Ninetieth written to Eskile Bishop of Londen in Denmark and Legate of the Holy See in Sweedland contains only matter of Compliment in which St. Bernard Assures him of his Affection and thanks him for that which he had profess'd for him The Three Hundred Ninety First is Address'd to the Abbess of Tavernay in the Diocess of Bezancon whom he Admonishes to endeavour to re-establish the Religious Houses and to reform the Monastick Discipline The Three Hundred Ninety Second contains Instructions concerning Humility given to Radulph Patriarch of Antioch The following Letter contains the like being Address'd to William Patriarch of Jerusalem In the Three Hundred Ninety Fourth he blames the Arch-Bishop of Lyons for having depos'd thâ— Abbot of Aisnay and admonishes him to revoke his Decree In the Three Hundred Ninety Fifth Address'd to Alvisus Bishop of Arras he acquaints him that Thomas a Monk of St. Berthin being enter'd into the Monastery of Clairvaux cannot reasonably be expected to return to Berthin In the Three Hundred Ninety Sixth written to Ricuin Bishop of Toul he excuses himself for having receiv'd into his Monastery a Clerk of his Church without knowing of him In the Three Hundred Ninety Seventh written to Odon Abbot of Marmoutier in the Name of Hugh Abbot of Pontigni and of St. Bernard they give him to understand that his Monks ought not to take it ill that they have lost some Churches which they pretended to by the Arbitration and final Determination of Geofrey Bishop of Chartres and Thibaud Count of Champagne therefore perswades them to acquiesce in that Judgment They further Observe in this Letter that Churches and Church-Revenues belong naturally to the Clerks who are Oblig'd to serve at the Altar and consequently ought to live by it When the Profession of Monks and the Examples of their Predecessors learn them that they are to get their living with the sweat of their Brows and not to subsist on the Profits of the Church Nay even tho' the Church should be neglected by the Clerks they are not to partake of the Revenues tho' they do of the Trouble For says he with what Face can you O Monks pretend to the Wine of the Vines which you have not planted and to the Milk of the flock which you have not govern'd How comes it that you would exact some thing from them for whom you never did any Service And if you will needs â—â—y claim to it why don't you Baptize their Children Bury their Dead Visit their Sick Give Benedictions in Marriage Instruct their Ignorant Reprimand Sinners Excommunicate such as despise Instruction and give Absolution to Penitents In a word why don't ye Open your Mouths and Preach you whose duty it is to live in Repose and silence But it is a most Odious thing to reap where you did not Sow and live upon the gains of another Lastly St. Bernard says that altho' they had the right they pretended yet ought they not to Dissent from their Abbot who had already Agreed to the Judgment of the Arbitrators In the Three Hundred Ninety Eighth he writes to Guy Abbot of Montier-Raâ—…ey and to the Monks of his Monastery who had desir'd St. Bernard to compose Lessons and Hymns for them to read on the Feast of St. Victor whose body they pretended was bury'd in their Church to which he Answer'd that he durst not undertake a work so much above his Capacity and which requir'd a Person of greater Authority of a Life more Holy and who was master of a better Stile He Adds moreover that in the Celebration of so solemn a Feast New Prayers of small Authority ought not to be made use of but rather Authentick and Ancient Compositions which may be proper to edify the Church and which Savour of Ecclesiastical Gravity That if there be a Necessity for something new and the subject so requires it such Pieces ought only to be us'd as command respect from the Grandeur of their Style and the Pious Life of their Author As for the rest says he the Expressions therein contain'd ought to be of Unquestion'd Veracity They ought to inspire Justice Teach Humility Inculcate Equity Enlighten the mind Model the Manners Extirpate Vice Instill Devotion and restrain the Liberties of the Senses The Singing ought to be Grave without intermixing any thing either Effeminate or Rustick It ought to be Agreeable without being too delicate and should Affect the Heart by surprizing the Ear. And in a word it should comfort sadness and Appease Discontent but not drown the Sound of the Words but rather encrease it for it is no small disadvantage to a spiritual Life when the Charms of Singing divert the Attention from Thoughts and fix them rather upon Modulating the Voice than comprehending the sence of the Words These are the Sentiments of St. Bernard concerning Prayers and Celebrating the Divine Office and altho' he had all the Qualifications which he requir'd in an Author of this kind yet would he not undertake what was requested of him and contents himself with sending only two Sermons on the Life of St. Victor to the Monks of Montier-Ramey The Three Hundred Ninety Ninth is a Letter of Recommendation which he gave to a Monk of the Monastery of St. Michel who was about to go in Pilgrimage to Jerusalem He endeavours to disswade him from this Design by reason that he thought a Monk however Criminal he were could not do Pennance better than within the Walls of his Monastery He desires Lelbert Abbot of this Monastery to receive him The Four Hundredth is another Letter of Recommendation granted to Robert a Monk of Liessiâ—â— that his Abbot might use him more kindly The Two Letters following contain nothing remarkable In the Four Hundred and Third Address'd to Henry Arch-Deacon of Orleans he Answers to a Question propos'd to him to wit If a Child who was in Danger of Death had been
to the Christians of the Holy-Land and renews to those that do so the Privileges and Immunities granted by Urban and Eugenius his Predecessors and puts their Estates Wives and Children under the protection of the Holy See The Sixtieth is directed to all the Bishops of Christendom on the same Subject to the end that they might publish the preceding Letter in their respective Diocesses and induce the Princes and People to so pious an Undertaking In the Three following Letters directed to certain Prelates of England he gives them an Account after what manner he concluded a Treaty of Peace with the Emperor at Venice These are the Letters of Pope Alexander III. that are contain'd in the first Collection to which three Additions have been since annex'd the first of those Additions comprehends Fifty six Letters publish'd by Father Sirmondus in the end of the Works of Peter Abbot of Celles In the first Eighteen which are almost all directed to Peter Abbot of St. Remy at Rheims he nominates him in a Commission with others to determine divers particular Affairs The Nineteenth directed to the Arch-bishop of Upsal in Sweden and his Suffragans contains several Constitutions against Simony and against the Privileges of Clergy-men taken out of the Councils and the Decretals of the Popes In the Twentieth he recommends to the Charity of the Northern Christians Fulcus Bishop of the Estons a People of Sweden In the Twenty first he exhorts the Northern Kings and Potentates to perform the Duties of Christian Princes to endeavour to procure the advancement of the Church by encountering its Enemies In the Twenty second directed to the Arch-bishop of Upsal and his Suffragans he specifies the Pennances that they ought to impose for the Crimes of Incest and Uncleanness and inveighs against two Abuses that prevail'd in their Country viz. the first That the Priests were wont to celebrate Mass with the Lees of Wine or with Crums of Bread steept in Wine and the second concerning clandestine Marriages that were contracted without the Benediction of the Priest The following relate to many particular Affairs of Churches or Monasteries which he himself decides or for the determination of which he grants a Commission to other Persons in the respective places In the second Addition are compris'd 109 Letters directed to Lewis VII King of France or to the Prelates of his Kingdom the greatest part of which relate to the Affairs of the Churches of France as also some to the Contest between Alexander and Victor and others are only recommendatory Letters or full of Compliments They are taken out of the Collection of the Historians of France by Du-Chesne The last Addition contains 22 Letters of which the six first are written on the Schism rais'd by Victor the two following treat of the Privileges of the Canons of Challon In the Ninth he acquaints Henry Arch-bishop of Rheims after what manner he was receiv'd in Rome The five following were written in favour of the Church of Vezelay In the Fifteenth he commends Hugh Bishop of Rhodez for establishing a general Peace in his Diocess The Seventeenth and Eighteenth are the Bulls for the Canonization of Edward King of England and St. Bernard The Twentieth Twenty firâ—… and Twenty second are Acts of Approbation of the Order of the Knights of St. James in Spain of that of the Monks of the Abbey of St. Saviour at Messina and of that of the Carthusians and of their Constitutions There are also in the Addition to the Tenth Tome of the Councils five other Letters attributed to Alexander III. of which the four first relate to the Immunities of the Schools and Chapter of Paris and the last to those of the Chapter of Anagnia Lucius III. having possess'd the See of Rome but a little while has left us only three Lucius III's Letters Letters By the First he takes off the Excommunication of William King of Scotland and the Suspension of his Kingdom denounced by the Arch-bishop of York in Pope Alexander's Life-time for opposing the Consecration of John elected Bishop of St. Andrew The Second Letter is directed to Henry II. King of England in which he exhorts that Prince to permit a Tax to be rais'd in his Kingdom for the Relief of the holy-Holy-Land The Third is a Decree against the Hereticks of that time in which he pronounces a perpetual Anathema against the Cathari the Patarins those that style themselves the Humbled or the poor People of Lyons the Passagians the Josepins and the Arnoldists and prohibits all sorts of Persons to profess Divinity or to Preach publickly unless they have obtain'd a License from the Holy See or from the Diocesan Bishop He likewise condemns all those who presume to maintain any Doctrines or Practices different from those of the Church of Rome concerning the Sacrament of the Body and Blood of Jesus Christ Baptism the Remission of Sins Marriage or the other Sacraments with their Abetters and Adherents He ordains That Clergy-men convicted of those Errors shall be depos'd and Laicks deliver'd up into the Hands of the Secular Judges to be punish'd unless they immediately abjure them without allowing any Pardon to Relapses He enjoyns the Arch-bishops and Bishops to make a Visitation every Year either Personally or by their Arch-deacons in order to discover such Miscreants He exhorts the Counts Barons Lords and Magistrates vigorously to aid and assist the Clergy-men in the Prosecution of those Hereticks under pain of Excommunication and Privation of their Dignities And in that Case he grants a peculiar Jurisdiâ—…n to the Arch-bishops and Bishops over such Persons as enjoy certain Immunities and are subject only to the Holy See provided they be obey'd as the Pope's Delegates notwithstanding all manner of Privileges Urban III. gave notice to all the Bishops of his Election by a circular Letter dated January Urban III's Letters 11. A. D. 1186. which is the first of his Letters The Second dedicated to William King of Scotland relates to the Contest between the Bishops of St. Andrew and Dunckell the Tryal of which was referr'd to the See of Rome in the time of his Predecessor but could not be deterâ—…d till the Popedom of Urban who entreats the King in this Letter to take the Bishop of Dunckell into his Protection and makes the same Request in the following to Jocelin Bishop of Glasco In the Fourth he writes to Baldwin Arch-bishop of Canterbury about the building of a new Church in Honour of St. Stephen and St. Thomas In the last he approves the Foundation of a House of Hospitallers at Bononia and ratifies their Constitutions and Privileges Gregory VIII was no sooner advanc'd to the Papal Dignity but he wrote a Circular Letter Gregory VIII's Letters to all the Faithful to exhort them to relieve the Holy Land He gives a lively description of the most deplorable Calamities that befel the Christians when the City of Jerusalem was taken by Saladin and earnestly presses the Faithful to undertake
8. INNOCENT III. succeeds him I. VIII Philip Augustus King of France is Excommunicated Decemb. 6th by the Pope's Legate Peter of Capua and his Kingdom suspended from Divine Service because he refus'd to retake his Wife Batilda whom he had put away and to quit Mary the Daughter of the Duke of Aquitaine whom he had Marry'd nevertheless the Publication of this Sentence is deferr'd till after the Festival of Christmass IV. Pope Innocent reduces Dol and the other Bishopricks of Bretagne under the Jurisdiction of the Archbishoprick of Tours A Council at Sens which deposes the Abbot of St. Martin at Nevers suspends the Dean of the Church of that City who were accus'd of the Heresie of the Publicans and remits 'em both to the Judgment of the See of Rome Odo de Chitton John a Carthusian of des Portes Stephen de Chaulm a Carthusian Monk 1199 II. IX The Death of Richard King of England John sir-nam'd Without Land takes Possession of his Dominions to the prejudice of Arthur Duke of Bretagne the Son of Geffrey the elder Brother of the said John V. The King of France is freed from the Sentence of Excommunication which the Pope's Legate had publish'd against him by quitting the Daughter of the Duke of Aquitaine and retaking his former Wife However the forbears not to put her away again some time after  William le Petit a Regular Canon of Newbridge Gervase a Monk of Canterbury Gonthier a Monk of St. Amand. Theodorus Balsamon Oliver of Colen Radulphus de Diceto Gautier de Vinesauf Richard Abbot of Mount Cassin Elias of Coxie Saxo Grammaticus Joannes Camaterus Zacharias Chrysopolitanus Roger de Heveden The Death of George Xiphylin Patriarch of Constantinople A CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF THE Ecclesiastical Writers IN THE TWELFTH CENTURY S. BRUNO FOunder of the Carthusian Order flourish'd at Rheims in the Year 1075. retir'd to La Grande Chartreuse or the Great Charter-House in 1086 went to Italy in 1090. died in 1101. LEO. Cardinal Deacon flourish'd under the Pontificate of Urban II. in the end of the preceeding Century PETRUS THEUTBODUS Flourish'd in the end of the XI Century and in the beginning of the XII A Nameless Italian AUTHOR Flourish'd in the end of the preceeding Century ROBERT A Monk of St. Remigius at Rheims flourish'd in the end of the preceeding Century DOMNIZON A Priest liv'd in the end of the XI Century and in the beginning of the XII RAINAUD or RAINOLDUS Of Semur Archbishop of Lyons born in the Year 1024. translated from the Abbey of Vezelay to the Archbishoprick of Lyons after 1104. dy'd in 1109. BAUDRY Bishop of Noyon and Terouanne ordain'd Bishop A. D. 1097. dy'd in 1112. SIGEBERT A Monk of Gemblours flourish'd in the end of the preceeding Century and in the beginning of the present XII dy'd in 1113. ODO Bishop of Cambray translated from the Abbey of St. Martin at Tournay to that See A. D. 1105. dy'd in 1113. YVES Bishop of Chartres made Abbot of the Regular Canons of St. Quentin at Beauvais A. D. 1078. made Bishop in 1092. dy'd in 1115. GISLEBERT or GILBERT CRISPIN Abbot of Westminster made A. D. 1106. dy'd in 1114. or 1115. LEO of Marsi Cardinal Bishop of Ostia made A. D. 1101. dy'd a little after in 1115. PETRUS ALPHONSUS A Spanish Jew converted A. D. 1106. STEPHEN Abbot of St. James at Liege flourish'd in the beginning of this Century about A. D. 1107. PASCAAL II. Pope advanc'd to that Dignity A. D. 1099. dy'd in 1118. ANSELM Dean of the Church of Laon flourish'd in the beginning of this Century ANSCHERUS Abbot of St. Riquier fllourish'd in the beginning of this present XII Century THEOFREDUS Abbot of Epternack flourish'd about the same time THEOBALDUS A Clerk of the Church of Etampes flourish'd and was Professor in the Divinity-Schools of Caën and Oxford at the same time RADULPHUS or RAOUL L'ARDENT Liv'd about the same time NICETAS SEIDUS Flourish'd at the same time HARIULPHUS A Monk of St. Riquier flourish'd at the same time HUGH Abbot of Flavigny liv'd about the same time ODO A Benedictin Monk of Ast flourish'd at the same time RAIMOND D' AGILES A Canon of Puy flourish'd at the same time TURGOT A Monk of Durham flourish'd about the same time JOHN PYKE An English Writer flourish'd about the same time WALTER Arch-Deacon of Oxford liv'd about the same time EUTHYMIUS ZYGABENUS A Greek Monk flourish'd about the same time PHILIPPUS SOLITARIUS A Greek Monk liv'd about the same time UDASCHALCUS A Monk flourish'd under Pope Pasehal II. in the beginning of this Century GELASIUS II. Pope chosen A. D. 1118. dy'd in 1119. FLORENTIUS BRAVO A Monk of Winchester flourish'd at the same time dy'd in 1119. WILLIAM de CHAMPEAUX Bishop of Châlons flourish'd in the beginning of this Century in the Divinity-Schools at Paris ordain'd Bishop A. D. 1113. dy'd in 1121. MARBODUS Bishop of Rennes flourish'd in the end of the preceeding Century made Bishop A. D. 1096. dy'd in 1123. BRUNO Bishop of Signi flourish'd in the beginning of Century dy'd in 1123. CALIXTUS II. Pope chosen A. D. 1119. dy'd in 1124. GUIBERT Abbot of Nogent Sous Couey elected A. D. 1104. dy'd in 1124. ERNULPHUS or ARNULPHUS Bishop of Rochester ordain'd A. D. 1114. dy'd in 1124. GAUTERIUS Bishop of Maguelone made A. D. 1103. dy'd in 1129. GEFFREY Abbot of Vendôme chosen A. D. 1093. took several Voyages into Italy dy'd in 1129. HONORIUS II. Pope elected A. D. 1124. dy'd in 1130. HILDEBERT Bishop of Mans and afterwards Archbishop of Tours made A. D. 1098. translated to Tours in 1125. dy'd in 1132. STEPHEN HARDING Abbot of Cisteaux made A. D. 1108. dy'd in 1134. PETRUS GROSOLANUS or CHRYSOLANUS Flourish'd A. D. 1120. EUSTRATIUS Archbishop of Nice flourish'd A D. 1120. STEPHEN Bishop of Autun made A. D. 1113. left his Bishoprick in 1129. to retire to Cluny dy'd in 1130. NICEPHORUS BRYENNIUS Of Macedonia flourish'd A. D. 1120. JOANNES ZONARAS Secretary of State to the Emperor of Constantinople flourish'd A. D. 1120. HONORIUS SOLITARIUS Professor of Scholastical Divinity of the Church of Autun flourish'd A. D. 1120. NICOLAS A Monk of Soissons flourish'd A. D. 1120. AELNOTHUS A Monk of Canterbury flourish'd A. D. 1120. THOMAS A Monk of Ely liv'd at the same time St. NORBERT Founder of the Order of Prémontré retir'd to that Monastery A. D. 1120. dy'd in 1134. RUPERT Abbot of Duyts flourish'd in the beginning of this Century dy'd in 1135. GUIGUE Prior of La Grande Chartereuse chosen A. D. 1113 dy'd in 1137. DROGO or DREUX Cardinal Bishop of Ostia translated from the Dignity of Prior of St. Nicasius at Rheims to that of Abbot of St. John at Laon A. D. 1128. and to that of Cardinal in 1136. PETER of LEON Anti-pope under the Name of ANACLETUS chosen A. D. 1130. dy'd in 1138. GEFFREY Bishop of Chartres chosen A D. 1115. dy'd in 1138. GEFFREY the Gross A Monk of Tiron wrote A. D. 1135. PETER
flourish'd in the middle of the same Century HERBERT A Monk flourish'd A. D. 1150. HAIMO Arch-Deacon of Châlons flourish'd A. D. 1150. HERMAN A converted Jew of Colen flourish'd in the middle of this Century NICETAS of Constantinople Flourish'd A. D. 1150. BASIL of Acris Archbishop of Thessalonica flourish'd A. D. 1150 TEULPHUS A Monk of Maurigny flourish'd A. D. 1150. JOHN A Monk of Marmoutier flourish'd about the middle of this Century ALEXANDER An Abbot in Sicily flourish'd after the Year 1164. ADRIAN IV. Pope made A. D. 1154. dy'd in 1159. ALEXANDER III. Pope chosen A. D. 1159. dy'd in 1181. LUCIUS III. Pope elected A. D. 1181. dy'd in 1185. URBAN III Pope advanc'd to that Dignity A. D. 1185 dy'd in 1188. GREGORY VIII Pope obtain'd the See of Rome A. D. 1188. and dy'd in the same Year RADULPHUS NIGER A Monk of St. Germer flourish'd A. D. 1157. St. ELIZABETH Abbess of Schonaw born A. D. 1129. flourish'd in 1155. dy'd in 1165. St. AELRED or ETHELRED Abbot of Reverby flourish'd A. D. 1150. dy'd in 1166. OTHO of Deuil Abbot of St. Cornelius flourish'd A. D. 1160. dy'd in 1168. THOMAS BECKET Archbishop of Canterbury born A. D. 1119. made in 1161. was assassinated in 1170. GILBERT Abbot of Hoiland flourish'd after the Year 1150. dy'd in 1172. RICHARD of St. Victor Flourish'd A. D. 1160. dy'd in 1173. PETER de Roye A Monk of Clairvaux flourish'd A. D. 1160. ENERVINUS Provost of Stemfeld flourish'd A. D. 1160. ECBERT Abbot of St. Florin flourish'd A. D. 1160. BONACURTIUS Mediolanensis Flourish'd A. D. 1160 EBRARD of Bethune Flourish'd A. D. 1160. MICHAEL of Thessalonica Defender of the Church of Constantinople flourish'd A. D. 1160. ODO A Regular Canon of St. Augustin flourish'd A. D 1160. HUGH of Poitiers A Monk of Vezelay flourish'd A. D. 1160. ADELBERT or ALBERT Abbot of Heldesheim flourish'd A. D. 1160. JOHN of Hexam Provost of Hugulstadt flourish'd A. D. 1160. FASTREDUS Abbot of Clairvaux flourish'd A. D. 1161. HUGH A Monk of St. Saviour at Lodeve flourish'd A. D. 1161. LAURENTIUS A Monk of Liege flourish'd after the Year 1150. dy'd in 1179. St. HILDEGARDA Abbess of Mount St. Robert born A. D. 1098. was in great repute in 1150. dy'd in 1180. PHILIP de HARVENG Abbot of St. Bonne-Esperance flourish'd after the Year 1150. dy'd in 1180. ADAMUS SCOTUS A Regular Canon Flourish'd A. D. 1160. dy'd in 1180. GEFFREY ARTHUR Bishop of St. Asaph chosen Bishop A. D. 1151. dy'd in 1180. ALANUS Bishop of Auxerre of Abbot of Larivoir was advanc'd to that Dignity A. D. 1153. retir'd to Clairvaux in 1161. dy'd in 1181. JOHN of Salisbury Bishop of Chartres flourish'd after the Year 1160. was ordain'd Bishop in 1179. dy'd in 1182. ARNULPHUS or ARNOLDUS Bishop of Lisieux made A. D. 1141. accompany'd Lewes the young King of France in his Expedition to the Holy Land in 1147. was sent Legate into England in 1160. retir'd to the Monastery of St. Victor in 1180. dy'd in 1182. PETER of Celles Bishop of Chartres elected Abbot in 1150. translated to the Abbey of St. Remigius at Rheims in 1162. ordain'd Bishop in 1182. dy'd in 1187. NICOLAS A Monk of St. Alban flourish'd A. D. 1160. GILBERT FOLIOT Bishop of London made Bishop of Hereford A. D. 1149. and translated thence to London in 1161. dy'd in 1187. MICHAEL ANCHIALUS Patriarch of Constantinople advanc'd to that Dignity A. D. 1167. ROBERT of Melun Bishop of Hereford flourish'd A. D. 1170. ALEXIS ARISTENES Oeconomus or Steward of the Church of Constantinople flourish'd A. D. 1170. SIMEON LOGOTHETA Flourish'd A. D. 1170. JOHN of Cornwal Flourish'd A. D. 1170. GEROCHUS Provost of Rheichersperg and a nameless Author Dean of the same Church flourish'd A. D. 1170. PETER of Riga A Canon of Rheims flourish'd A. D. 1170. HENRY Archbishop of Rheims flourish'd A. D. 1170. GEFFREY Abbot of Clairvaux a Disciple of St. Bernard made Abbot of Igny and afterwards Abbot of Clairvaux A. D. 1162. and of Hautecombe in 1175. dy'd in the end of this Century WILLIAM Archbishop of Tyre ordain'd A. D. 1174. dy'd in 1190. RICHARD Prior of Hagulstadt flourish'd A. D. 1180. dy'd in 1190. CLEMENT III. Pope chosen A. D. 1188. dy'd in 1191. BALDWIN Archbishop of Canterbury first made Abbot of Winchester and afterwards Archbishop A. D. 1185. dy'd in 1192. ERMENGARDUS or ERMENGALDUS Flourish'd A. D. 1180. JOHN A Hermit flourish'd A. D. 1180. BERNARD Abbot of Fontâ—aud flourish'd A. D. 1180. JOANNES CINNAMUS The Grammarian flourish'd A. D. 1180. THEORIANUS Flourish'd A D. 1180. HUGO ETHERIANUS Flourish'd A. D. 1180. ROBERTUS PAULULUS A Priest of Amiens flourish'd A. D. 1180. GERVASE A Priest of Chichester flourish'd A. D. 1180. ODO Abbot of Bel liv'd A. D. 1180. LABORANT Cardinal flourish'd A. D. 1180. GEFFREY Prior of Vigeois flourish'd A. D. 1180. THIERRY or THEODORIC A Monk flourish'd A. D. 1180. JOANNES BURGUNDUS A Magistrate of Pisa flourish'd after the Year 1150. dy'd in 1194 MAURICE DE SULLY Bishop of Paris made A. D. 1164. dy'd in 1196 CELESTIN III. Pope chosen A. D. 1191. dy'd in 1198. PETRUS COMESTOR Dean of St. Pâ—ter at Troyes flourish'd in the end of this Century dy'd A. D. 1198. JOANNES PHOCAS A Greek Monk flourish'd A. D. 1190. NEOPHYTUS A Grecian Monk flourish'd A. D. 1190. A nameless AUTHOR Of the Expedition of the Danes to the Holy Land flourish'd A. D. 1190. DEMETRUS TORNICIUS Wrote about the Year 1193. JOHN Bishop of Lydda flourish'd A. D. 1194. GAUTERIUS A Regular Canon of St. Victor flourish'd in the end of the Century THIERRY or THEODORIC An Abbot flourish'd at the same time OGERUS Abbot of Lucedia flourish'd at the same time GODFREY of Viterbo Flourish'd in the end of the Century ROBERT of Torigny Abbot of Mount St. Michael flourish'd at the same time OTHO of St. BLAIS Flourish'd at the same time JOHN BROMPTON Abbot of Jorval flourish'd at the same time LUPUS PROTOSPATUS Flourish'd about the end of the Century ALULPHUS A Monk of St. Martin at Tournay flourish'd in the end of the Century ISAAC Abbot of L'Etoile flourish'd in the end of the Century HENRY Abbot of Clairvaux flourish'd in the end of the Century PETER Abbot of Clairvaux flourish'd at the same time GARNERIUS Abbot of Clairvaux flourish'd in the end of the Century GILBERT of Sempringham Flourish'd at the same time NICOLAS A Canon of Liege flourish'd at the same time SIBRANDUS Abbot of Mariegard in Friseland flourish'd at the same time BERTRAND Abbot of La Chaise-Dieu flourish'd at the same time RADULPHUS TORTARIUS Flourish'd in the end of the Century A nameless AUTHOR Of the History of Jerusalem flourish'd in the end of the Century CHRISTIAN A Monk of Clairvaux flourish'd at the same time GAUTERIUS of Chastillon Flourish'd at the same time THOMAS A Monk of Cisteaux flourish'd at the same time GARNERIUS of St Victor Flourish'd in the end of the Century ROBERT of Flamesbury Flourish'd in the end of the Century
by Honorius III. the Successor of Innocent Frederick crown'd Emperor by Honorius III. and for an acknowledgment he gave to the Holy See some Lands in Italy and engaged himself anew to go the Holy Voyage but within a while after he and the Pope fell out about two Earls of Tuscany whom he had rob'd of their Lands and who were fled to Rome for relief The City of Bologn and some other places in Italy rising against him he came to Scuffles between the Pope and Frederick Rome and broke entirely with the Pope by attempting to turn those Bishops out of the Churches which the Pope had put in and to put in some of his own pretending it to be a right of the Kings of Sicily which Pope Innocent III. had encroach'd upon during his minority The Pope rebuk'd him soundly for his boldness and threatned him with Excommunication if he did not let things continue as they were Frederick not minding to hearken to The Sentence of the Pope against Frederick him Honorius the Third darted the Thunderbolt of Excommunication upon him declar'd him to have forfeited all his Kingdoms and freed all his Subjects from the Oath and Allegiance they had sworn to him Which was afterwards the occasion of a multitude of Misfortunes to the Church and Empire This Sentence nevertheless did then little or no execution not any one thereupon revolting from Frederick but on the other side in an assembly of the Princes of Germany held at Wirtzburg in the year 1222 Frederick got his Son Henry then but twelve years old chosen King of Germany and crown'd at Aix la Chapelle by Engelbert Archbishop of Cologn Honorius the Third died before he could push the Sentence home against Frederick Gregory Frederick's departure for the Holy Land the IX who in the month of April in the year 1227 succeeded him contented himself to warn Frederick of his Journy to the Holy Land as he fear'd an Anathema Henry King of Germany call'd a General Assembly of all the Princes of the Empire at Aix la Chapelle at the beginning of the year 1227 where the Expedition for the Holy Land was resolv'd upon Upon this all that belong'd to the Croisade repair'd to Brines ready to embark where Frederick who had engag'd himself to command them made them wait a pretty while pretending himself very ill At last he makes shift to come to them by August and embarks to go into Asia but he was no sooner there but he was back again The Pope having notice Gregory the IXth's Excommunication of Frederick of his return rubs up the old Sentence that his Predecessor had set out against him yet with a Promise of Absolution if he would undertake the Voyage to the Holy Land Frederick hereupon published four Manifesto's against the Popes and Cardinals the first he addressed to all Kings the second to the Cardinals and the third to the People of Rome in all which he complains of the Excommunication which the Pope had thrown at him and a fourth is presented to all Princes giving them advice against Churchmen For all this not Frederick's Voyage to the Holy Land long after Frederick took a Resolution of going into Syria and put it in execution in August 1228. When he went he sent Ambassadors to the Pope to demand the Absolution But the Pope absolutely refus'd him gave order to the Knights Templars and Hospitalers to cross him in all his Designs as a profest Enemy of the Church and forbid all that were upon the same Expedition in Lombardy and Apuleia to join him In the mean while Renaud Son of the Duke of Spoletto whom Frederick had left Regent of the Kingdom of Sicily during his absence had entred into the Marquisate of Ancona and the Valley of Spoletto against whom the Pope rais'd his Troops on the other side and sent them into Apuleia under the command of John de Briennes King of Jerusalem who made himself Master of many Towns Frederick receiving this News in Syria where he had successfully taken some Towns from the Saracens was obliged to clap up a Treaty with the Sultan the Conditions of which were advantageous enough to the Christians viz. That the Sultan should deliver into their hands the City and all the Kingdom of Jerusalem except the Temple and some Castles and that there should be a Truce of ten years between the Christians and Saracens In pursuance of this Treaty Frederick took possession of Jerusalem and made himself be crown'd King therof in the Lent of the year 1229. He gave notice to the Pope that he had made such a League with the Sultan at which the Pope shewed no small dissatisfaction and accused Frederick of having treated with an Infidel still stirring up his Subjects what he could against him Frederick hearing of this made a quick return into Apuleia where bringing in an Army from Germany he recover'd all the Towns that were taken or had revolted from him and made a reprisal upon the Church by taking the Dutchy of Spoletto the Marquisate of Ancona and the City of Benevento This Frederick's Peace made with the Pope success did not make him so high but that he was willing to sue for the Pope's friendship to gain which he dispatched the General of his Army with the Archbishop of Messina to the Pope to desire his Absolution which the Pope still refused to agree to but upon condition that he should pay 26 thousand Ounces of Gold to the Church of Rome for the damage he had done it and should restore all the Lands that belonged to it Frederick's Deputies being returned he himself went to meet the Pope at Anagni where he received his Absolution was reestablished in his Empire and declar'd King of the two Sicilies and of Jerusalem The Pope and the Emperor seem'd to be very well reconcil'd upon the occasion they eat together and one would have hoped here had been a firm Peace establish'd between them yet 't was not long before they broke again for the Romans rebelling against the Pope and Frederick coming to assist him with his Troops there happen'd a misunderstanding between them the Pope accusing Frederick for underhand dealing with his Enemies and Frederick again reproaching the Pope for secretly treating with the Romans and telling them that it was without his consent that Frederick set upon them near Viterbo Howsoever it was Frederick left the Pope retir'd to Pisa and from thence pass'd into Germany but the Pope drew good part of his Soldiers from him by promising those that would come into his Camp good Entertainment Frederick found himself crossed in Germany by the Factions of the Princes and suspecting Frederick's Son Henry revolts against his Father his Son Henry he deprived him of the Government and sent him into Sicily which very much displeas'd most of the Princes of Germany but yet he made shift to keep Germany in Peace and having gathered his Troops together he returns
Monastery by Guy a former Abbot thereof By the fiftieth he suspended the Patriarch of Antioch from the Power he had of ordaining Bishops because he had without permission from the Holy See translated him that had been chosen Bishop of Apamea to Tripoli and made him Bishop of that City In the next he suspends this Bishop too The fifty second fifty third and fifty fourth are writ about a Church newly built at Compeign which they would have under the Bishop of Soissons He writes to him to dedicate it and that he is willing it should belong to him so the Bishop of Arras would but consent And to him too he writes to bring him to agree to it The fifty fifth is a confirmation of the Judgment of his Predecessor against the Canons of Limoges for abusing and driving out a Priest that the Bishop of Perigeux would have made a Canon of that Church whereby he ordered the Archbishop of Bourges to excommunicate the Canons and interdict their Church till they gave the Bishop satisfaction The Archbishop executed the Orders of Pope Celestin the Third Innocent in this Letter confirms what his Predecessor had done and orders the Archbishop of Bourdeaux to carry on the procedure against the Canons In the fifty sixth he settled the right of Metropolitan of all the Bishopricks in the Isle of Corsica upon the Archbishop of Pisa and grants him the Primacy of the Provinces of Sardinia The fifty seventh is to forbid giving any Fiefs or Benefices to those that were concerned in the Murder of the Bishop of Vicenza By the fifty eighth he took off the Sentence of Excommunication that the Legate of his Predecessor had pronounced against the Bishop of Zamora in Spain The fifty ninth is written to the Deans of the Churches of St. Mary and St. Peter of Laon and to the Chancellor of the Church of that City about the Presentation to a Benefice disputed between the Archdeacon who had presented a young man not twenty and another who had provided a Priest Innocent decides in favor of the last if the thing was so as it was represented In the sixtieth he commits to the Bishop of Luques and two other Persons the decision of a Difference between the Bishop of Orense in Spain and the Abbot of Cella-Nova about the pretended Exemption of this Abbot In the sixty first to the Archbishop of Sens he revokes the Privilege granted by his Predecessor to the Bishop of Chartres which deprived that Archbishop of the Power of absolving those whom this Bishop had excommunicated till their cause should be examined by the Abbots of St. Colombus and of St. Germain des Prez In the sixty second he determin'd that Women may come into the Church in a short time after their lying in but yet if they think fit to stay away out of respect their Devotion is not to be condemned In the sixty fourth he makes null all the Presentations to Benefices by the Secular Power in the Archbishoprick of Aversa And in the next Letter he dos the same for the Archbishoprick of Salerna in all those Presentations that had been so made while that Archbishop was kept Prisoner In the sixty sixth he gives leave to the Monks of Gualdo to change their confinement for liberty By the sixty seventh he commits the Reform of the Abbey of St. Maixant to the Bishop of Poictiers and orders him to do Justice to the Prior of Azay In the sixty eighth he order'd the Bishop of Lodi not to have any regard to those forged Letters by which he had hindered the Election of a Bishop by the Chapter of Novara In the sixty ninth he discharged the Bishop of Troces from a Vow which he had made of going to the Holy Land upon condition that he should send some religious Person thither who for the relief of the Country should carry with him the Sum which he would have spent in his Voyage In this Letter he mentions a Letter of Pope Alexander his Predecessor which says that the Vow of going to the Holy Land may be exchanged In the seventieth he commissions the Bishop of Liege the Abbot of St. Tron and the Provost of Utrecht to inform against the Archbishop of Treves with Power to suspend him if they should find him guilty of the Crimes whereof he stood accused by the Dean of his Church By the seventy first he entrusted the Bishop of Zamora in joint Commission with an Abbot and a Prior to put in execution the Decree of his Predecessor Pope Lucius the 3d which constituted the Archdeacon of Troischateaux Bishop of Leon notwithstanding a contrary Decree of his Legate published some time after The seventy second is written to the Bishop of Alifa to excommunicate those that pretended to make him answer before Secular Judges The seventy third is an order to the Grand Master and the Brothers Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem to restore to the Church of Tripoli the Church of Nephin and all its Dependencies according as it had been ordered by the Holy See By the seventy fourth he permitted the Bishop of Anagni with the consent of his Chapter to mortgage the Church Lands for to purchase a Castle which was for his conveniency The seventy fifth is a solemn Decree for confirming the Election of Ademar to the Bishoprick of Poictiers which there had been a Suit about at the Pope's Tribunal After the death of William Bishop of Poictiers the Chapter agreed to refer the Election of a Bishop to six of the Canons these having let six Months slip without any Election the agreement was renewed in the presence of the Archbishop of Bourdeaux and Ademar was chosen The Election was confirmed by that Archbishop but on the other side the Dean the Subdean and some Canons opposed it pleading that the time of agreement was expired that 't was true it had been renewed but upon condition that the Election should be the same day that the Electors had put it off to another day and had done it privately without making the Chapter acquainted contrary to the Appeal which the Dean had made to the Holy See Upon these grounds they proceeded to another Election and named the Bishop of Nants Some of those that had made the former Election seeing that the Earl of Poictiers did not much like it came over to them The rest stood to their Election answering that Ademar was chosen the very day of the renewal of the agreement and that the Archbishop of Bourdeaux notified it to the Chapter which agreed to it that they dared not make it publick because of the Earl of Poictiers which was the occasion of the Electors securing themselves in some safe place before they ventured to publish what they had done in the City and as for the rest that the consent of that Prince was not at all necessary for the validity of the Election The Pope having heard the Attornies of both Parties in a publick Consistory gave Judgment
by a Bull Dated August 28. in the Year 1294 which was Confirm'd by Benedict IX in the Year 1304. The Order of the Valley of Scholars The Order of the Valley of Scholars Founded in France by William Richard Everard and Manasses Doctors of Divinity in Paris and by Frederick Doctor of Law who retir'd into the Diocess of Langres in the Year 1219 with Thirty seven Scholars who follow'd the Rule of the Regular Canons of Saint Victor and had some particular Constitutions which are to be met with in the Eighth Tome of the Spicilegium by Father Luke Dachery This Order was Approv'd by Honorius III. in the Year 1218. There were many other Orders whose Number grew so great that Gregory X. was oblig'd in the General Council of Lions Held 1274 to prohibit the Founding of new Ones to abolish all that had been Founded since the Fourth General Lateran Council without the Approbation of the Holy See and even to order That the Monasteries of such as had been Confirm'd by the Pope but had not wherewith to subsist should Admit no more Novices nor make any more Progress However he excepts the Dominican and Franciscan Friars and as to the Carmelites and the Augustine Hermites whose Institution he said had preceeded the General Lateran Council of the Year 1215 he orders That they should remain in the same State wherein they were till the Holy See should provide otherwise Notwithstanding this Prohibition about the latter end of this Century there rose up the Frerots Begards Beguines and other sorts of Religious who were suppress'd in the next Century The End of the History of the Thirteenth Century A Chronological TABLE For the Thirteenth CENTURY A. C. Popes Eastern Emperors Western Emperors and Kings Ecclesiastical Affairs Councils Ecclesiastical Writers 1200 Innocent III. III. Alexius Angelus Reigns at Constantinop having turn'd his Brother Isaac Angelus out of the Throne VI. John Comatera Patriarch of Constantinople The Empire disputed between Philip Brother of the Emperor Henry VI. who was Crown'd at Mentz by the Arch-Bishop of Tarentaise and Otho D. of Saxony Crown'd at Aix-la-Chapelle by Adolphus Arch-Bishop of Cologne Philip had the most apparent Right whose Years we shall reckon III. Philip Augustus King of France the â—…h year of his Reign John Without Land King of England the 1st year of his Reign Alphonso VIII King of Castile the 42d year of his Reign Alphonso King of Leon the 12th year of his Reign Peter II. King of Arragon Alphonso II. King of Portugal  The Council of London Abbot Joachim dies about this year Bernard Bishop of France John Beleth Peter Chanter of the Church of Paris Dodochin Abbot of St. Disibede Albertus Patriarch of Jerusalem Hervard Arch-Deacon of Liege Robert de Corceon Cardinal These all Flourish'd at this time Peter of Corbeil is made Arch-Bishop of Sens. Alanus of Lisle Flourish'd from the Beginning to the End of this Century Simon of Tournay teacheth at Paris 1201 IV. VII IV. The Pope sends a Legate into Germany to support the Interest of Otho  The Council of Soissons held in April wherein Philip Augustus retook his first Wife Nicholas of Otrantes is sent to Constantinople and writes against the Greeks Absalom Abbot of Spinkerbac Andreas Sylvius Abbot of Marchiennes 1202 V. VIII V. The Death of William Abbot of Roschilda  Tagenon Dean of Pavia Anonimous Author of the History of Frederic's Expedition William the Pilgrim Walter of Coûtances Arch-Bishop of Roan Richard Canon of London Nicolas Arch-Bishop of Thessalonica 1203 VI. Constantinople taken by the French and Venetians who drive out the Emperor Alexius Angelus and take out of Prison the old Isaac Angelus whom they reseated on the Throne with his Son Alexis who is Crown'd Aug. 1. The Constantinopoliâ—…s dissatisfy'd with them Proclaim Nicetas Coâ—…abas Emperor VI.   Stephen of Stella Nova John de Nusco Flourish'd 1204 VII Alâ—…us Angelus falls upon the Latins by the Advice of Murzulphus They Besiege tâ—… City Murzulphus Seises on Connabas â—rids himself of Alexâ—…s and continues the War Murzulphus Flies Theodorus Lascaris Son in Law to Alexius Angelus i◠〈◊〉 up in his place by the Greeks Constantinople is taken by the Latins April 12. who chuse for Emperor Baldwin Count of Flanders and become Masters of the Dominions of the Greek Empire in Europe The Greek Princes maintain those of Asia where they set up several Soveraignties Theodorus Lascaris sets up the See of his Empire at Nice in Bithynia Michael of the Family of the Comneni Seises on part of Epirus David on Heraclea Pontus and Paphlagonia and Alexius his Brother on the City of Trebizonde where he set up an Empire which was always distinct from that of Constantinople Thomas Morosini is elected Parriarch of Constantinople by the Latins I. Balâ—…in Emperor VII Philip Crown'd King of Germany a second time by Aâ—…phus Arch-Bishop of Cologne The Bulgarians are reunited to the Roman Church The Emperor Baldwin writes to the Pope about the taking of Constantinople Coâ—… Arch-Bishop of Mentz being dead King Philip caus'd Diepold or Lupoldus Bishop of Worms to be Elected in his stead by some Canons 〈◊〉 is Elected by the Majority his Election confirm'd by the Pope and that of Lupoldus rejected  Nicetas Acâ—minates compiles his History Baldwin Count of Flanders writes his Letter about the taking of Constantinople Giâ—…ert Martin quits the Abby of Gemblours and retires into the Monastery of Villiers 1205 VIII II. Baldwin is taken 〈◊〉 15. near â—…ple by the Bulgarians who pâ—… him to a Câ—… Death after râ—…s Imprisonment VIII Adolphus Arch-Bishop of Cologne is depos'd by the Pope's Legate for having Crown'd Philip of Swabia and Bruno put into his Place  Geofrey of Ville-hardouin and Gonthier wrote against this time Lambert of Liege Monk of Duitz Helinand Monk of Froimond Anonimous Author of the Life of St. William of Roschilda Flourish'd Albertus Magnus Born 1206 IX 〈◊〉 thâ—… Brother of Bâ—… is Elected Emperor of Constantinople I. IX Otho is besieg'd in Cologne by Philip is forc'd out of the Place and deseated He escapes to Saxony and from thence goes over to England to beg Assistance Cologne surrenders and Arch-Bishop Bruno made Prisoner Stephen of Langton inâ—…ts the Kingdom of England because the King would not own him Arch-Bishop of Canterbury which yet he was oblig'd to do afterwards The Council of Lambeth in England Stephen of Langton Elected Arch-Bishop of Canterbury The Death of Nicecetas Acominates His Brother Michael Ar. Bishop of Athens makes his Panegyrick Joel Composes his Chronology Roger Bacon Born 1207 X. II. The Death of John Comatora Patriarch of Constantinople X. Peace concluded at Northusa between Philip and Otho The Empire to remain to Philip and his Daughter is promis'd in Marriage to Otho who is declar'd his Successor The Inquisition and Croisades against the Albigenses Adolphus Arch-Bp of Cologne Absolv'd by the Legates of the Pope in the Assembly of Northuâ—…a and Bruno
XI Frederick falls out with the Pope who Excommunicates him   Albertus Magnus enters into the Order of the Dominicans S. Bonaventure born Radulphus Niger Alexander of Sommerset Conrad Monk of Schur These Flourish'd at this time 1222 VII II. Theodore Lascaris being dead John Dieas his Son in Law Succeeds him XII The Emperor Frederick causes his Son to be Elected King of Germany in an Assembly held at Wurtzburgh to be Crown'd at Aix-la-Chapelle An Impostor who call'd himself the Christ and shew'd marks in his Hands Feet and Side as the Scars of the Wounds upon the Cross is condemn'd in a Council at Oxford and afterwards burnt The Assembly of Wurtzburgh The Council of Oxford Jourdain made second General of the Dominicans Alexander of Hales enters into the Order of the Franciscans The Death of Peter of Corbeil Arch-Bp of Sens. 1223 VIII III. The Birth of Theodorus Lascaris Sirnam'd Ducas XIII Philip Augustus dies July 25. and his Son Lewis VIII succeeds him in the Kingdom of France The Pope confirms the Order of Franciscans The Foundation of the Order of S. Mary of Mercia by S. Peter Nolascus at Barcelona under the protection of James I. King of Arragon and by the Advice of Raymond of Pemafort The Council of Paris against the Albigenses Gautier Cornu is made Arch-Bishop of Sens. The Death of William of Segnelay Bp. of Paris 1224 IX IV. XIV The Death of Alphonso King of Portugal his Son Sancho succeeds him His Brother Alphonso is declar'd Governour Raymond Count of Toulouse dying his Son of the same Name succeeds him submits to the Church of Rome and makes his Peace in the Council of Montpellier  The Council of Montpellier held in August for the Reconciling of the Count of Toulouse to the Church of Rome The Birth of S. Thomas Aquinas Rigord Historiographer of France William the Breton Flourish'd 1225 X. V. XV. Cardinal Romanus Legate of the Holy See demands for the Pope in the Council of Bourges the Revenue of 2 Prebends in all the Cathedrals 2 Places in the Abbeys and oâ—e Prebend in each Church of the Kingdom and the Power of nominating 4 Abbots to visit all the Monasteries of France But the Council oppos'd it The Council of Bourges Nov. 30. against the Albigenses and concerning the Contests betw the Count of Toulouse and the Count of Montfort wherein nothing was concluded The Council of Mentz held Dec. 10. John Algrain of Abbeville is made Arch-Bishop of Besancon Humbert de Romans enters into the Order of the Dominicans Prepositivus flourish'd 1226 XI VI. Germanus II. Sirnam'd Nauplius Elected Patriarch of Constantinop at Nice after the Death of Manuel Charitopulus XVI Lewis VIII K. of France dies the beginning of Nov. Lewis IX call'd St. Lewis succeeds him at Eleven Years and a half Old under the Tutelage of Queen Blanche his Mother Raymond Count of Toulouse is Excommucated in the Council of Paris and his Dominions given to Lewis King of France to whom Amaury Count of Montfort had surrender'd his Title The Council of Paris held Jan. 18. against the Albigenses The Edict of Lewis VIII K. of France against the Excommunicated Caesareus of Heisterbac writes the Life of S. Engelbert Arch-Bp of Cologne and Homilies on the Sundays and Festivals of the Year The Death of Francis of Assisy 1227 Pope Honorius dies April 18. and two days after Gregory IX is Elected VII XVII Pope Gregory IX renews the Sentence of Excommunication issu'd by his Predecessor against the Emperor Frederick because he did not go into Syria with the Croisade Frederick orders four Manifestoes against the Popes and Cardinals to be Publish'd Raymond Count of Toulouse is afresh Excommunicated with the Men of Toulouse and Trincavel Count of Beziers in the Council of Narbonne The Decree of the same Council which orders that the Feast of S. Matthias shall always be Celebrated in Leap-year on the latter of the two Bissextile days The Bull of Pope Gregory Sept. 26. which gives leave to the Dominicans to Preach and Hear Confessions But those Monks using this Privilege without the Consent of the Bishops and Curates rais'd the Secular Clergy against them The Assembly of Aix-la-Chapelle wherein the Expedition of the Emperor and the Croisade to the Holy Land is resolv'd upon The Council of Narbonne held in Lent The Death of Alexander Neckam The Death of Helinand John Algrain made Cardinal Hugh of St. Marian Flourish'd 1228 II. VIII Robert Emperor of Constantinople dies His Brother Baldwin II. Succeeds him XVIII Frederick goes into Syria The Pope in his Absence seises on a great many Towns of Apulia  The Assembly of Paris in Apr. wherein Raymond Count of Toulouse makes his Accommodation with the Pope and King Lewis and receives Absolution The Death of Stephen of Langton William Elected Bp. of Paris 1229 III. I. Theodore Comnena being become Master of Thessalonica and having assum'd the Title of Emperor of Constantinople is Excommunicated by the Pope XIX Frederick makes a Treaty with the Sultan and causes himself to be Crown'd King of Jerusalem He returns into Italy retakes the Towns which had been taken from him in his Absence The University of Paris not able to have Justice done them for the Death of some of their Scholars kill'd by Soldiers retir'd some to Rheims and some to Anger 's The Dominicans took advantage of their Absence and procur'd Degrees for themselves and leave to Teach which was the Cause of the Contests which they afterwards had with the University The Council of Toulouse against the Albigenses Benet made Bishop of Marscilles Conrad of Lichtenau finishes his Chronicon 1230 IV. II. XX. Frederick is Absolv'd by the Pope and reconcil'd to him at Anagnia The Death of Alphonso King of Leon. He leaves his Kingdom to his two Daughters But his Son Ferdinand who was already King of Castile Sies'd upon it Stadings A New Sect of Hereticks in Germany  Fabian Hugelin Conrad of Everbach John Gal Abbot of Fontenelle Albertus Prior of Mount de Vignes Hugh of Floreff Conrad of Marpurg Philip of Grevâ— Cardinal James of Vitry Adam of Chanilly made Bishop of Senlis Pantaleon Deacon of the Church of Constantinople writes against the Greeks Peter de Vignes makes a Discourse about the Deposing of Frederick against the Pope and Cardinals 1231 V. III. XXI Frederick distrusting his Son Henry banishes him to Sicily Pope Gregory renews the Prohibition of Reading Aristotle's Works but only till they were Corrected The Council of Chateua-Gonthier Maurice Bishop of Mans is Translated to the Arch-Bishoprick of Roan The Death of S. 〈◊〉 thony of Padua 1232 VI. IV. XXII  The Council of Melun Albertus Monk of Stada is made Abbot of his Monastery 1233 VII The Pope writes to Germanus Patriarch of Constaâ—tinople about the Reunion of the two Churches and sends Legates to treat with him V. XXIII The Institution of the Order of Servites at Florence The University of Paris is reestablish'd and
of Tyre and Governor of the Kingdom sent him word that he could not put that Order in Execution because the Templars had taken Arms upon the Notice they had of it that nevertheless Ten of the Chief came and resigned themselves into his Hands and had promised to obey In Provence Charles II. King of Sicily and Earl of Provence Arrested them all the 24th of January in the Year 1308. and seized their Estates They were condemned to Death and Executed their Personal Estates divided betwixt the Pope and the Earl and the Real kept for the Hospitallers The time of the General Council which the Pope had appointed drawing near King Philip The Pope's Judgment in the Council of Vienne aâ—â—inst the 〈◊〉 the Fair wrote to the Pope in the beginning of the Year 1311. That since the Templars appear to be Charged so fully by the Informations they ought to be rooted out by the Judgment of the future Council He besought his Holiness to order it so that their Goods might be employed in some new Expedition or rather be transferred to some Military Order already established for the Relief of the Holy Land The Pope agreed to this Proposal by his Bull of the Month of March in the same Year In fine the General Council of Vienna being Assembled and the First Session held the 16th of October in the Year 1311. the first thing that the Pope proposed was the Affair of the Templars There were divers Opinions about them Some were of the Mind that they ought to be heard before they abolished the Order others on the contrary were of Opinion that it ought to be no longer deferred and that if it were 't would be a great Scandal to the Church after the enormous Crimes of which they stood Convict William Durantus Bishop of Menda was of this Opinion and deliver'd a Memorial to the Pope to prove it On Wednesday in the Holy Week in the Year following which was the 19th of March the Pope held a particular Assembly of Cardinals and Prelates in which the Destruction of the Order of the Templars was resolved on The Bull of it was Published in the following Session held the 22. of May 1312. at which the King was present The Substance of it was this That the Templars being convicted of a great Number of Crimes he decreed the Abolishing of them with the Approbation of the Council not in form of a definitive Sentence because it could not in rigour of Justice be carried so far according to the Informations and the Process which had been made but in form of Provision or an Apostolical Direction and that he forbid any whomsoever to enter into that Order for the future and to take or wear their Habit on Pain of Excommunication ipso facto That all their Estates should remain in the disposal of the Holy See and that from this present time after Mature Deliberation and by the Advice of the Prelates of the Council he did unite them for ever to the Order of St. John of Jerusalem as well Moveables as Immoveables together with all their Rights and their Privileges excepting nevertheless the Goods which they had in the Kingdoms of Castile Arragon Portugal and Majorca which shall not be given to the Hospitallers and yet reserved to the disposal of the Holy See In fine he enjoins under Pain of Excommunication all Persons of what Degree soever even Kings themselves who have any thing in Possession belonging to the Templars to return it into the hands of the Hospitallers within one Month after the Publication of this Bull. And to that end the Pope commissioned the Bishop of Nevers the Abbot of St. German des Prez and the Dean of Chartres to put the Knights of the Hospital into Possession of the Goods which the Templars had in France and gave out several other Bulls upon this Subject The Judgment upon the Processes of particular Members of the Order were sent away to the Provincial Councils and it was decreed That those who were found Guilty should be severely Punish'd and that Pensions should be assign'd to the Innocent out of the Goods of the Order As to the Great Master the Brother The Execution of the Great Master and another Templar at Paris of the Dauphin and some others whom the Pope had reserved to his own Judgment he sent Cardinals to Paris to declare what he would have done on their score These Cardinals order'd a Scaffold to be Erected before the great Gate of the Church of our Lady in the Month of March in the Year 1313. and having caused the Great Master the Brother of the Dauphin Hugh Perrauld and another Knight to be fetched they read to them the Sentence of the Pope by which they were depos'd and condemned to perpetual Imprisonment The Great Master and the Dauphin's Brother upon hearing this Judgment declared That what they had Sworn against their Order was false that they had done it at the instance of the Pope and the King and that they were ready to Die in defence of this Truth The Cardinals delivered them up to the Provost of Paris and the News thereof being carried to the King he presently called his Council together in which it was resolved that in the Evening the Great Master and the Brother of the Dauphin should be Burnt at the Point of the Isle of the Palace between the King's Garden and the Augustin Friars which was performed accordingly These Wretches endur'd the Punishment with Resolution and persisted unto the last to assert their own Innocence and that of their Order this made many believe that they died innocent The two others which said nothing had their Lives saved This was the End of the Order of Templars which was abolished in all the Countries of Christendom The use of the Templars Estates in several Kingdoms except Germany where they stopt the Publication of the Bull and procured Absolution in a Provincial Council The Knights Hospitallers in France were put in Possession of their Immoveables but they were obliged to leave to the King two Thirds of their Moveable Goods for the Expence he had been at in the Prosecution of the Templars according to the Agreement made between King Lewis Hutin and the Great Master of the Hospital on the 14th of February in the Year 1315. In Arragon the Pope at the instance of King James annex'd the Estates of the Templars to those of that Order of Calatrava which was made an Order separate and independant from that of Castile of the same Name having a Great Master resident in Arragon and depending on the Order of Cistercians The King of Arragon detain'd nevertheless Seventeen strong Forts which had belonged to the Templars Ferdinand IV. King of Castile would not comply with the Sentence of the Pope which join'd the Templars Estates to the Order of St. John of the Hospital but laid to the ancient Inheritance of the Crown the Towns Lands and other Goods which they
two Adversaries had the right on his Side nay it was never judged meet in order to the removing of the Schism to search into the right it was round so very obscure and when the Councils of Pisa and Constance engaged in the Controversie they entred not upon this Question and offered no Prejudicate Opinion against the right of either but they condemn'd and depos'd them because they would not renounce the Papacy as they had engaged and as the case of the Peace required The Schism has no way diminished the certain Authority which the Supream Bishops have received from JESUS CHRIST but it has shewed that they have a Superior Judge on Earth which is a General Council BONIFACE IX was the first that settled First-fruits to be Paid by Bishopricks and Abbies that Settlement of Annates or First fruits is to say the reserve of One Year's Revenue whereof John XXII had already given an Example in putting a like Imposition on Benefices for an Expedition into the Holy Land and by settling first of all the Taxes for the Secretaries that dispatched Grants of Benefices in Proportion to the Revenue BONIFACE VIII appointed a Jubilee for all such as should visit the Churches of St. Peter and The Institution of the Jubilee The Question of Poverty The Question about the State of the â—ouls of the Just afâ—… Death St. Paul in the Year 1300. and so for every Hundredth Year Clement V. ordered the same every Fiftieth Year upon the Petition of the Romans JOHN XXII had a great Dispute as we have said with the Grey-Friars about the Propriety of those things which they consumed in the using This Question drew on that concerning the Poverty of JESUS CHRIST There are great Volumes made on both sides upon this Subject The Opinion of this Pope touching the state of Souls after Death made a great noise but this Question was soon decided by Benedict XII his Successor who determined clearly that the Souls of the Just who die Purged from their Sins enjoy the intuitive Vision of God wherein he makes the chief Happâ—ness immediately after their Death or after they have been purified in Purgatory before the Day of Judgment to consist Provincial Councils and particular Synods of Bishops were frequent in this Century All the Bishops were bounâ— to Appear there at the Command of the Metropolitan or to send Proxies and a lawful Excuse The Abbots and the Deputies of the Chapters of Cathedrals were likewise The Discipline of the Church about Benefices and Incumbents sent for thither The Rules and Decrees which were made in the Provincial Councils were published and put in execution by the Bishops in their respective Diocesses The Elections were yet Legal and according to Custom for the Bishopricks and Abbies The Ordinaries for the most part provided for other Benefices There was of these a great number in Patronage but such as were presented by Patrons were forbidden to take Possession till they were instituted by the Bishop or his Archdeacon but as for those who were provided with Benefices with charge of Souls by the Donors who had right both to confer and institute they were injoyned to present themselves to the Bishop of the place in due time The Commendams of Abbies became very frequent Clement V. who gave several of them saw good cause to repent it his Successors continued them and notwithstanding the Revocation of Benedict XII the most part of the Abbies began to be given in Commendam Clement IV. reserved to himself the bestowing of all Benefices vacant in Curiâ Gregory X. restrain'd it to a Month. John XII in prohibiting the Plurality of Benefices decreed That those who had Money should be obliged to resign and herein appropriated to himself the Donation Benedict XII reserved to himself for his life only all the Benefices vacant in Curiâ— and all such as were void by the translation of Incumbents to other Benefices Clement VI. made the like Reservations but Edward III. King of England prevented the Execution of it in his Kingdom Innocent VI. revoked the Reserves by his Bull Pastoralis but they presently return'd to the old wont Gregory XI recall'd them afresh but during the Schism which came on the two Antagonists made use of all Methods to render themselves Masters of the Benefices and the Mischief became so great that the Princes were obliged to seek a Remedy After the Death of the Incumbents there were nominated Administrators to manage the Profits of the Benefices but the right of the Crown took place in most part of the Bishopricks and consequently the King or such as of Custom or Right had the Administration of the vacant Bishopricks presented to the Benefices thereon depending In some places a Prebendary when he came to die might dispose of a Year's Revenue of his Benefice after his Death The Plurality of Benefices was very common in spite of the re-iterated Prohibitions they were herein so remiss that License was given even to the same Person to enjoy two Benefices provided they were not inconsistent and that only one of them be with cure of Souls Residence likewise was recommended and such as were provided of Benefices were obliged to take the Orders thereunto requisite Command was given to pay the Tythe of all kind of Fruits from this the Immunity of the Clergy and the Revenues of the Church were exempted and many Decrees were made against them that should attempt them this Immunity was extended to the Leprous who were shut up in the Hospitals Never were Excommunications and Interdicts more frequently made use of and all other Ecclesiastical Censures than in this Age. The denial of Christian Burial was an ordinary Punishment and the Councils condemned Men to Pecuniary Mulcts for faults purely Ecclesiastical The Excommunicate were not only deprived of Church Communion but also of civil converse and such as kept them Company were excommunicated Nevertheless it was Prohibited to make use of Excommunications for Matters merely Pecuniary and to use violence against the Excommunicate The greatest care of the Prelates in the Councils was to regulate the Conversation and Morals Divers Regulations made of Manners of the Clergy and of the Practices of the Church of the Clergy they made many Rules in reference to their Habits and their Shaving As to their Knowledge they required not that it should be of any large Extent they contented themselves if the Unbeneficed Clergy were letter'd that is to say if they could Read and Write and understood the Rudiments of Grammar and as to the Priests and such as had Benefices with cure of Souls they desired they should be instructed in the Articles of our Faith and the Ceremonies of the Church They forbid the receiving any Priests or Clerks who were Strangers and Unknown or to permit them to exercise the Functions of their Order They enjoined the Priests to say Mass at least once a Month. They made divers Constitutions touching the Service of the Church
not to mention the Knights of the Fleece set up by the King of France and the Knights of the Garter by Edward III. King of England which were very different from the Military Orders A CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF THE ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY Of the Fourteenth AGE of the CHURCH Years of Christ Popes Emperors and Kings of the West Emperors of the East Ecclesiastical Affairs Councils Ecclesiastical Authors 1300 Boniface VIII the sixth year of his Papacy ending Dec. 24. Albert of Austria Emperor of the West the third year of his Reign III. Philip the Fair King of France the 16th year of his Reign Ferdinand King of Castile from 1295. James II. King of Arragâ—â— from 1291. Dionysius King of Portugal from 1279. Edward I. King of England from 1272. Andronicus Senior the 17th year of his Reign XVII Ottoman the first Emperor of the Turks whose Reign is counted from 1297. The Publication and Opening of the Jubilee Boniface appeared at Rome in his Pontifical Habits with this Inscription Ecce duo gladii i. e. Lo here are two Swords He published a Crusado and sent Bernard de Saisset Bish. of Pamiez into France who was there Arrested The Council of Melun held in January The Synod of Colon under the Archbish. Wichboldus The Synod of Bayeux The Council of Auch Dinus de Mugello Engelbert Abbot of Admont Jacobus Caietanus Cardinal Henry de Garret is made Bishop of Lucca Steven de Salagnac Andreas Novocastrensis Ramerius de Pisâ flourished 1301 VII IV. XVIII The Bishop of Pamiez set at Liberty Decemb. 4. Boniface suspended the Graces and Privileges granted the Kings of France and hindered the Levy of a Subsidy upon the Clergy He declares himself Supreme in things Spiritual and Temporal The Council of Compeigne held in November William de Nangis finished his Chronicle Jacobus de Benedictis Justus à Cisterts an Abbot Joannes Duns Scotus Richard of Sienna Peter de Dacia flourished 1302 VIII V. XIX A Petition presented to K. Philip the Fair against Boniface VIII by Will. Nogaret March 12. An Assembly of the States of France against the Pretensions of Boniface Apr. 10. The Writings and Proceedings on both sides upon that Subject The Publication of the Bull Unam Sanctam Nov. 16. An Assembly at Paris April 10. The Council of Pennafiel May 13. Joannes Monachus Cardinal founded a College bearing his Name at Paris Petrus de Boseo A nameless Author of the Treatise against the Authority of the Pope flourished 1303 IX The Death of Boniface Octob. 12. Benedict XI chosen the second of the same Month. VI. XX. The Appeal of the K. of France to the next Council The Proceedings against Boniface He is Arrested at Agnonia Sept. 8. illuded by Sciarra Colonna and dyes sometime after his deliverance An Assembly at Paris June 13. The Council of Nogarol held in December Ptolemaeus Lucensis finishes his Ecclesiastical History The Death of Dinus de Mugello 1304 I. The Death of Benedict July 8. The Holy See remained vacant till the next year VII XXI Pope Benedict revokes his Bulls published against France Joannes Parisiensis broaches an erroneous Opinion concerning the Eucharist It was condemned by the Bishop of Paris who silenced that Monk The Council of Compeigne held the Friday after the Feast of Circumcision Joannes Parisiensis a Dominican is made Licentiate of Divinity at Paris and a little after composes his Treatise of the Eucharist Aegidius Romanus wrote his Question about the Ecclesiastical and Temporal Powers Alvarus Pelagius enters into the Order of Grey-Friars Thomas Wiche finishes his Chronicles of England 1305 I. Clement V. is chosen Pope June 5. He is crowned at Lions Nov. 11. and resides in France VIII XXII Pope Clement revokes the Bulls of Boniface against France particularly Unam Sanctam The Templars are threatned and K. Philip the Fair undertakes to proceed against them  Henry Stero finishes his History of the Emperours of Germany Everardus finishes his Continuation of the Annals of Stero Vitalis de Turno wrote his Moral Mirror upon Scripture Joannes de Janduno Thomas Joyce is made a Cardinal Philip a Cystertian Abbot is made Bishop of Aichstat Bernardus Guidonis is appointed Inquisitor against the Albigenses 1306 II. IX XXIII The Pope promises by his Bull Aug. 23. to inform against the Templars  The Death of Joannes Parisiensis the Dominican Sept. 22. The Death of Jacobus de Benedictis Sept. 25. 1307 III. X. XXIV The Templars are arrested through all France October 5. Informations brought against them at Paâ—is by Gulielmus Parisiensis and in other places by others  Sustridus a Priest of Misnia finishes his Chronicle Aâ—so a Premonstratensis finishes his History of his Voyage into the Holy Land Nicholas Trivet finishes his Chron. 1308 IV. The Emperor Albertus is slain by one of his Nephews May 10. Henry of Luxenburgh succeeds him Nov. 1. The Death of Edward I. K. of England to whom Edward II. succeeds XXV The Pope calls the Cause of the Templars to the Holy See The Judgment of the Divines of Paris about the Templars The Pope questions the Templars who are put into his power and gives leave to the Inquisitors and Bishops to draw up a Process He appoints Commissioners to proceed against their Order Dulcinus the Heretick who had drawn many Persons after him is arrested near Verceil is carried burnt in that City his followers dispers'd The Council of Auch held Novemb. 26. Gulielmus Parisiensis a Dominican Joannes de S. Geminiano flourished The Death of Joannes Duns Scotus Novemb. 8. 1309 V. I. Robert the Son of Charles II. was King of Naples and powerful in Italy XXVI The Popes Commissioners form a Process against the Templars The Council of Presburg in Hungary held Nov. 10. Beringarius de Fredol was made Cardinal and Bishop of Frescati and his Nephew succeeds him in the Bishoprick of Beziers 1310 VI. II. XXVII The Templars are condemned in a Provincial Council at Paris and several put to Death in May. Informations thro' all Christendom against the Templars The Pope causes the Errors of John Oliva to be examined by Vitalis de Furno a Grey-Frier The Council of Saltzburg The Council of Colen The Council of Paris begun in May. The Council of Ravenna The Council of Salamanca July ult A Synod at London A Council at Mentz Jacobus de Viterbo Alexander de Alexandria Joannes de Friburg Bishop of Osnia Malachas a Grey Frier flourished Gulielmus Durandus Bishop of Menda composed his Treatise of the manner of celebrating a General Council Ubertinus de Cassalis wrote that year in favour of Petrus Oliva The Death of Thom. Joyce Cardinal The Death of Joannes de Janduno about this year 1311 VII III. XXVIII A solemn Revocation of all that Boniface had done against France by the Bull of Apr. 27. The Council of Ravenna held June 21. The General Council of Vienna which was opened Octob. 16. William de Mandagot is made Cardinal Raimundus Lullus composed his Treatise intitled
the two should have the precedency declar'd him Legate to the Holy See for his whole Life in Marca de Ancona and in the Country of Farse with the Jurisdiction annex'd to this Dignity confirm'd all that he had done even where there was some Default and forbad any for ever to molest or accuse him or prosecute him either Criminally or Civilly upon any account whatsoever In the Eighteenth Session August the 17th the Council made some provisional Orders and nam'd Ambassadors for Italy who were to regulate what was to be done in that Country with Angelus Corarius who had approv'd and confirm'd the Renunciation made in his Name in the Council by Charles Malatesta and laid aside the Pontifical Robes In the Ninteenth Session September 23d after they had treated of the Affair of Jerom of Prague and some other Hereticks two Orders were made First That the Beneficiaries who were present in the Council should enjoy the Revenues of the Benefices and Secondly That the Provisions of Benefices granted by John XXIII should be confirm'd until the Day of his Suspension In the Twentieth on November 21st they treated of the Difference between the Bishop of Trent and Frederic Duke of Austria concerning some Lands belonging to that Bishop which the Duke had usurp'd the Possession of and the Council granted a Monitory under pain of Excommunication Suspension and Interdict against those that should detain any Profits of Places belonging to that Bishop While these Things were transacted at the Council the Emperor went to Narbonne and The Agreement between Sigismund and the King of Arragon about Benâ—dict XIII waited there some time for the King of Arragon who was fal'n Sick at Perpignan whither the Emperor went to meet him with the Ambassadors of the Council The other Princes and Deputies of the City of the Obedience of Benedict were present and Benedict himself came thither also after they had waited a long time for him but notwithstanding the earnest Prayers of the Emperor the Kings the Princes and the People he would not resolve to resign the Pontificat and for fear lest he should be forc'd to do it he retir'd secretly from Perpignan After his Departure the Princes and the People of his Obedience resolv'd to abandon him and sent their Ambassadors to meet the Emperor and the Ambassadors of the Council who were return'd to Narbonne to treat with them This Treaty was concluded on December the 13th at Narbonne on the following Conditions First That the Prelates of the Council of Constance should call those of the Obedience of Benedict by Circular Letters sent by the King of Arragon to the Princes of that Obedience to be given to their Prelates to meet at the Council within three Months after these Letters were deliver'd to the King of Arragon and that the Kings and Princes of the Obedience of Benedict should write also Circular Letters to call the Prelates of the other Obedience to meet at the Council of Constance at the same time Secondly That in these Letters the reason of the Councils meeting should be express'd only in general terms viz. For the Extirpation of Schism and Heresies for the Union of the Roman Church for the Reformation of the Universal Church in its Head and Members for the Election of one sole Pastor and for other causes the cognizance whereof did of right pertain to a General Council But that the Emperor and the Ambassadors of the Council should promise by a particular Instrument that nothing should be Ordain'd contrary to the Interest of the Kings Princes and Prelates of the Obedience of Benedict Thirdly That the Prelates of that Obedience should be receiv'd into the Council assoon as they should come and then should proceed joyntly with the rest against Benedict if he would not voluntarily renounce the Pontificat that his Process should be form'd Juridicially and without any regard to what was done in the Council of Pisa and that another Pope should not be chosen until his Deposition was first pronounc'd Fourthly That so far as was necessary all the Processes Judgments Decrees c. made by Gregory John XXIII or their Predecessors should be declared Null and even those made by the Council of Pisa against Benedict and his Adherents and that they could not any ways proceed against them upon the account of the past Schism Fifthly That all the Provisions and Graces granted by Benedict to the Princes Prelates and others of his Obedience should be approv'd and confirm'd Sixthly That the Cardinals of his College should enjoy all the Dignities and Priviledges of their Cardinalship Seventhly That Provision should be made for the Officers of his Court Eighthly That in case Benedict should happen to Dye before his Renunciation or Deposition the Princes of his Obedience should not suffer another Pope to be chosen in their Dominions and that if one should be chosen they should not acknowledge or allow him but remit the Election to a General Council and own him whom they should approve Ninthly That the Cardinals of the different Obediences who shall be found to have the same Title shall retain it while the Council continues and that before the end of the Council Provision shall be made for the Honour and Maintenance of both of them Tenthly That Passports and Securities shall be given to Benedict and all those of his Obedience who have a mind to come to the Council Elevâ—nthly That the Emperor and Ambassadors of the Council shall be oblig'd by Oath to cause the preceding Articles to be approv'd and perform'd by the Prelates of the Council Twelfthly That the Dispatches of this Instrument shall be deliver'd to the Parties as there shall be occasion This Treaty was brought to Constance by the Ambassadors of the Council and read in a General Congregation held January 30th in the Year 1416. at which it was approv'd and sign'd by the Cardinals and other Prelates of the Council In the Twenty First Session on May 30th they treated of nothing but the Affair of Jerom of Prague who was there condemn'd In the Twenty Second held on the 15th of October the Ambassadors of Alphonsus King of Arragon who had succeeded his Father Ferdinand took their Seats in the Council and after reading the Letters of the Prelates at Constance directed to the King of Arragon for calling them to the Council the Ambassadors of this Prince on their Part made a Convocation of the Council which was accepted by the Prelates who desir'd they should proceed to conclude the Union according to the Tenor of the third Article of the Treaty sign'd at Narbonne The Ambassadors answer'd That they would unite themselves to the Council which Union the Council accepted of and then they took their Seats on the same Bench with the Ambassadors of the King of France after such a manner that the Count of Cardone first Ambassador of Arragon had his Seat next to Gerson who was chief of the Ambassadors of France and the others were
and some Discourses Conrade of Rodemberg Abbot of the Monastery of St. John of Richenaw of the Order of St. Benedict wrote in honour of the Virgin a thick Volume Entituled The Vine of the Lord of Hosts because in praising her he made use of the Similitude of a Cluâ—â—er of Grapes He wrote also the Exercise of Novices a Preparation to the Mass a Discourse about the Ruin of his Order another about the Causes of the Ruin and a 3d. about Pastoral Care and many Conferences held in the Chapter of his Order This Author died in the year 1486. on the 25th of December Stephen of Caiete a Neapolitan Dedicated to John of Bentevole Councellor to Ferdinand King of Sicily a Treatise of the Sacraments divided into 7 Books George Molitoris of Nuremberg Professor of Divinity at Erford wrote upon the Sentences and some Sermons and Questions Nicholas of Wachenheim Professor in the University of Heidelberg wrote some Questions upon the Sentences some Sermons and Conferences Michael of Milan of the Order of Friars Minors was the Author of many Sermons upon several Subjects John Cousin a Portuguese of the Order of the Carmelites refuted the Heresies of his time by word of mouth and by Writing and wrote a great Volume about Contracts and Exchanges Entituled Of Commutative Justice divided into 4 Books and also many Sermons Henry Prudent a Prior of the Carthusian Monastery at Bruges died in the year 1484. He was the Author of a Tetralogue of Devotion divided into 3 Parts wherein he brings in as Speakers an Angel and a Monk Jesus the Heavenly Father and the Virgin Francis Diede a Venetian the Author of the Life of St. Roch some Discourses and Letters Tilman a Canon Regular of St. Austin in the Monastery of St. Christophlus of Ravengsburg in the Diocese of Mayence wrote some pieces of Devotion as of the Spiritual Vine of the Instruction of Novices and some other little Exercises Nicolas of Creutznach profess'd Divinity at Vienna in Austria towards the end of this Century has left us 4 Books of Questions upon the Sentences a Collection of Conferences and Discourses many Sermons and a Treatise of the Conception of the Virgin He died in the year 1491. Nicasius of Voerde of Malines tho' he became Blind at 3 years of Age yet this did not hinder him from acquiring great Knowledge in the Liberal Arts for he was Professor of Law at Collen was admitted Licentiate in Divinity at Louvain was Ordain'd Priest by a Dispensation from the Holy-See He was a Preacher Confessor and could say Mass by heart he was admitted Doctor of Law at Collen and has left a Commentary upon the 4 Books of Sentences many Sermons divers Questions and Letters address'd to Thithemius who is a Credible Witness of the Truth of a Fact so extraordinary as this He died in 1492. Benedict Capra a Lawyer of Prussia wrote upon the Decretals and also John Andrew Bishop of Aleria in the Isle of Corfu The greater part of the preceding Writers Flourish'd after the year 1470. and died about the year 1490. those which follow liv'd to the year 1494. wherein Trithemius finish'd his Treatise of Ecclesiastical Writers Dominic Bolan a Venetian the Author of a Treatise about the Conception of the Virgin James of Straelen a Divine of Collen wroâ—e upon the Revelations John Pheffer of Widemburg the Founder of the College of Friburg wrote a Commentary upon the Epistles of St. Paul and a Sacerdotal Directory Baptista de Ferrera of the Order of Carmelites wrote a History from the beginning of the World Entituled Florida a Treatise of the Decay of the Roman Empire a Chronicle of Ferrara a Chronicle of his own Order a Treatise of Mount-Sinai 3 Books of the Life of St. Mathilda and several Sermons Peter Brutus Bishop of Cataro a great Enemy to the Jews has left us a considerable Work agaist them William of Aix la Chapelle a Preacher at Basil and Reader at Erford wrote upon the Gospel of St. John upon the Passion of our Lord an Itinerary of the holy-Holy-Land some Questions and some Sermons Laurence Burel of Dijon of the Order of Carmelites wrote an Heliad and a Treatise of the Illustrious Men of his own Order Hubert Leonard of the same Order a Doctor of Paris an Inquisitor of the Faith in the Country of Liege was made Bishop of Daria He has left some considerable Works as a Commentary upon the Gospel of St. Luke a Treatise of Ecclesiastical Immunities a Book against the Hereticks of Nivelle a Course of Sermons for Lent and many other Sermons not to mention his Genealogy of the Noblemen of France and an account of their Actions John of Milbach a Divine of Erford wrote upon the Epistles of St. Paul and an Encomium of St. Jerom and some Sermons and Questions John of Roseau a German of the Order of Carmelites left the Commentaries upon the Book of Wisdom upon the Psalm Beati Immaculaâ—â— upon the Epistle of St. Paul to the Romans and some Sermons John Bertram of Newburg taught at Erford and Mayence and left a Prologue to the Bible some Conferences and a Treatise of the price of the Mass. John of Keyserberg a German and Preacher at Strasburg wrote many Sermons and to him we owe the first Edition of Gerson's Works Sebastian Ticion or Brant of Strasburg the Author of many Christian Poems James Wimphelinge a Priest of the Church of Spire wrote a Poem which is Dedicated to Bertholdus Archbishop of Mayence Entituled Of a Threefold Candor a Piece in praise of the Virgin Mary the Office of the Compassion of the Virgin an Encomium of the Church of Spire a Discourse about the Holy Spirit some other Discourses and Letters Josse Besselius a German wrote divers Pieces of Profane Learning and some Ecclesiastical as that of the Ambition of a Christian and some Tracts upon the Rosary Giles Nettelet Dean of the Church of Cambray wrote a Collection of Morals taken out of the Epistles of St. Jerom. Theodoric of Osembruck a German of the Order of Friars Minors and Preacher at Collen wrote a Treatise of the Passion of our Lord a Manual of Simples and a Discourse of Interiour Exercise which he Read to Trithemius Jerom of Padua and Dominic Manchini Italians wrote each of them a Poem upon the Passion of our Lord. We have omitted a Writer who is considerable for his numerous Works whereof there is only one in Print and that is John of Hagen or de Indagine a Carthusian who was admitted into the Carthusian Monastery of Erford about the year 1440. and liv'd till about the year 1475. Trithemius has given us a Catalogue of a great number of this Author 's Spiritual Treatises and Petreius has added to them a great many more in his Carthusian Library which make up a Catalogue of many Pages containing 433 Titles of divers Treatises Moral Spiritual or Ascetick The two Books of the Perfection and Exercises of the Order of the
Berthin flourish'd about 1080. GERARD Abbot of St. Vincent at Laon flourish'd at the same time and died in 1095. WILLERAM Abbot of St. Peter at Mersburg flourish'd about 1080. URSIO Abbot of Aumont wrote about the same time AMATUS A Bishop in Italy flourish'd at the same time ADAM A Canon of Bremen flourish'd at the same time JOAN THRACESIUS SCYLITZES Curopalata flourish'd under the Emperor Alexis Comnenus that is to say after 1080. ENGELBERT Archbishop of Trier flourish'd about 1080. CONRAD Bishop of Utrecht flourish'd about the same time WENERIC Bishop of Verceil flourish'd at the same time ULRIC A Monk of Cluny flourish'd about the same time BERNARD A Monk of Corbie in Saxony flourish'd about the same time WALERAN Bishop of Naumberg flourish'd in the end of the Century URBAN II. Pope chosen in 1087. died in 1099. DEUS DEDIT Cardinal flourish'd about 1085. LAMBERT Bishop of Arras flourish'd in 1090. RAYNOLD Archbishop of Rheims flourish'd at the same time NICOLAS sirnam'd the Grammarian Patriarch of Constantinople chosen in 1084. SIMEON the Young Abbot of Xerocerce flourish'd in the end of the Century St. ANSELM Archbishop of Canterbury born A. D. 1033. chosen Abbot of Bec in 1078. and Archbishop of Canterbury in 1093. He died in 1109. THIERRY or THEODORIC Abbot of St. Trudo flourish'd about 1090. and died in 1107. PETER Chartophylax or Keeper of the Records of the Church of Constantinople wrote about 1090. INGULPHUS Abbot of Croyland made in 1076. died in 1109. GEORGIUS CEDRENUS A Greek Monk flourish'd in the end of the Century ROSCELIN A Clerk of the Church of Compiegne flourish'd in the end of the Century PAUL Provost of Benrieden flourish'd in the end of the Century CONRAD A Monk of Bruvilliers flourish'd in the end of the Century GEFFREY de MALETERRE A Monk of Normandy flourish'd at the same time BERTULPHUS or BERNULPHUS A Priest of Constance flourish'd at the same time WILLIAM of APULIA Wrote in the end of this Century NALGOD A Monk of Cluny flourish'd at the same time OTHLO A Monk of St. Boniface flourish'd at the same time GREGORY Cardinal flourish'd at the same time PETER de HONESTIS A Clerk of Râ—venna flourish'd at the same time THIBAUD or THEOBALD A Clerk of the Church of Etampes flourish'd at the same time EADMER A Monk of Canterbury the Pupil of St. Anselm flourish'd in the end of the Century and died in 1121. GISLEBERT A Monk of Westminster flourish'd in the end of the Century BERNARD A Monk of Cluny flourish'd at the same time BERNARD A Clerk of the Church of Utrecht flourish'd in the end of this Century ADAM Abbot of Perseme flourish'd about the same time ALBERT A Benedictin Monk of Mets flourish'd at the same time ERARD A Benedictin Monk flourish'd at the same time BERTHORIUS Abbot of Mount Cassin flourish'd at the same time GONTHIER or GONTHERIUS A Monk of St. Amand flourish'd at the same time ANASTASIUS A Monk of St. Sergius at Anger 's liv'd at the same time BAUDRY Bishop of Dol flourish'd at the same time GAUNILON An English Monk flourish'd at the same time NICETAS SERRO Archbishop of Heraclea flourish'd at the same time SAMUEL of MOROCCO A Converted Jew wrote in the end of the Century ALGER Deacon of Liege and afterwards Monk of Cluny flourish'd A. D. 1130. NICOLAS Bishop of Methone flourish'd in the end of the Eleventh Century or rather in the Twelfth SAMONAS Archbishop of Gaza flourish'd about the same time A TABLE of the WORKS of the Ecclesiastical Writers of the Eleventh Century SYLVESTER II. Pope His Genuine Works still extant THree Letters A Discourse against Simoniacal Practices not to mention some Pieces compos'd by him before he was made Pope St. FULBERT Bishop of Chartres Genuine Works CXXXIV Letters IX Sermons A Collection of certain Passages of Holy Scripture about the Mysteries of the Trinity and of the Incarnation A Penitential A Collection of Passages of Scripture relating to the Eucharist Certain Poetical Pieces A Letter about the use of Church-Revenues publish'd by Father Dachery The Life of St. Auspert WILLIAM Abbot of St. Benignus at Dijon A Genuine Piece His Letter to Pope John XVIII GODEHARD Bishop of Hildesheim Genuine Works Five Letters GOSBERT Abbot of Tergensee His Genuine Pieces Four Letters BURCHARD Bishop of Worms Genuine Works His Decretals divided into twenty Books MEGENFROY or MEGINFROY a Monk of Fulda A Genuine Piece The Life of St. Emmeran Works lost XXIV Books of History ERCHENFROY or ERCHINFROY Abbot of Melch. A Genuine Work An History of the Life and Miracles of Saint Colman SYRUS Monk of Cluny A Genuine Piece still extant The Life of St. Maiol OSBERT or OSBERN a Monk and Chanter of Canterbury Genuine Works The Lives of St. Dunstan St. Odo and St. Alphegus ADELBOLD Bishop of Utrecht A Genuine Piece The Life of the Emperor Henry II. RUPERT Abbot of Mount Cassin Works lost Sermons and other Tracts mention'd by Trithemius DITHMAR Bishop of Mersburg A Genuine Work An Historical Chronicle divided into 7 Books BENEDICT VIII Pope His Genuine Works A Discourse made in the Council of Pavia concerning the Incontinency of Clergy-men A Bull in favour of the Abbey of Cluny LEO sirnam'd the Grammarian A Genuine Work that we have His Chronicle from A. C. 813. to 1013. GUARLIN or GAUSLIN Archbishop of Bourges A Genuine Piece A Letter to King Robert Pieces lost Two Letters to St. Fulbert TANGMARUS Dean of Hildesheim A Genuine Piece The Life of St. Bernard Bishop of Hildesheim GUY ARETIN Abbot of La Croix St. Leufroy Works lost A Method for attaining to the Science of Musick call'd Micrologus A Treatise of the Body and Blood of Jes Christ. ARIBO Archbishop of Mentz Works lost A Commentary on the five gradual Psalms A Letter to Berno Abbot of Richenaw BERNO Abbot of Richenaw His Genuine Works A Treatise of the Office of the Mass. The Lives of St. Ulric and St. Meginrard Works lost A Treatise of the coming of our Lord. Another on the Fasts A Tract dedicated to Pilgrin Archbishop of Colen A Treatise of Musical Instruments Another of the Monochord Divers Letters ADEMAR or AIMAR de CHABANOIS a Monk of St. Cibar Works lost A Chronicle or History of France A List of the Abbots of St. Martial at Limoges Certain Pieces in Acrostick Verse Manuscript Works A Letter directed to Jourdain Bishop of Limoges Several Sermons about the Apostleship of Saint Martial HUGH Arch-deacon of Tours A Genuine Piece A Dialogue about an Apparition seen by Herveus Treasurer of St. Martin at Tours ARNULPHUS Monk of St. Emmeran A Genuine Piece still extant The Life of St. Emmeran by way of Dialogue ODORAN a Monk of St. Peter le Vif A Genuine Work His Chronicle ending A. D. 1032. AEGELNOTUS Archbishop of Canterbury Works lost A Piece in commendation of the Virgin Mary Several Letters and some others Works EBERARD the Pupil of St. Harvic A Genuine Work The Life of St. Harvic JOHN XVIII
Pope Genuine Pieces Three Letters EUGESIPPUS A Genuine Piece A Geographical Treatise of the Holy Land BRUNO Bishop of Wurtzburg His Genuine Works A Commentary on the Book of Psalms Annotations on the Canticles the Lord's Prayer and the Creeds GLABER RADULPHUS Monk of Cluny His Genuine Works still in our Possession An Ecclesiastical History dedicated to Odilo Abbot of Cluny The Life of St. William Abbot of St. Benignus at Dijon ARNOLD a Canon of Herfeldt A Genuine Piece The Life of St. Godehard Bishop of Hildesheim publish'd by Browerus ALEXIUS Patriarch of Constantinople Genuine Works Certain Ecclesiastical Constitutions CAMPANUS a Philosopher of Lombardy Works lost A Treatise of Ecclesiastical Numbers Another of the making of Sun-Dials Another of the Calendar with some other Pieces BERENGARIUS or BERENGER Arch-deacon of Anger 's Genuine Works Three several Confessions of Faith A Letter directed to Ascelin Another Letter to Richard Part of his Treatise against the second Confession of Faith Works lost A Manuscript Treatise against the Third Confession of Faith A Treatise against Adelman and others EUSEBIUS BRUNO Bishop of Anger 's A Genuine Piece still extant A Letter to Berenger THEODUIN or DIETWIN Bishop of Liege A Genuine Piece A Letter against Berenger directed to Henry King of France ADELMAN or ALMAN a Clerk of the Church of Liege and afterwards Bishop of Brescia A Genuine Piece A Letter to Berenger A Piece lost A Letter to Paulinus Bishop of Mets. ASCELIN a Monk of St. Evrou A Genuine Work A Letter to Berenger about the Eucharist HUGH Bishop of Langres A Genuine Piece still extant A Letter against Berenger GREGORY VI. Pope A genuine Piece A Circular Letter to all the Faithful CLEMENT II. Pope A Genuine Piece A Letter to John Archbishop of Salerno LEO IX Pope Genuine Works XII Letters Divers Bulls VICTOR II. Pope A Genuine Piece A single Letter STEPHEN IX Pope Genuine Works A Letter to the Archbishop of Rheims Another Letter to the Bishop of Marsi NICOLAS II. Pope Genuine Works IX Letters HUMBERT Cardinal Genuine Works still extant An Answer to Michael Cerularius's Letter A Confutation of Nicetas Pectoratus's Tract against the Latin Church A Copy of the Sentence of Excommunication denounc'd against Michael Cerularius MICHAEL CERULARIUS Patriarch of Constantinople His Genuine Works A Letter written in his own Name and under that of Leo of Acris to John Bishop of Trani against the Church of Rome Two Letters to Peter Patriarch of Antioch A Form of Excommunication of the Pope's Legats NICETAS PECTORATUS a Monk of Studa Genuine Works A Piece against the Latin Church A Fragment of his Treatise of the Soul Two Hymns A Work lost A Treatise of the Soul DOMINIC Patriarch of Grado A Genuine Piece A Letter to Peter Patriarch of Antioch PETER Patriarch of Antioch Genuine Pieces still extant A Reply to Dominic Patriarch of Grado with another to Michael Cerularius about the Differences between the Greek and Latin Churches ANSELM Dean of Namur A Genuine Work An History of the Bishops of Liege from St. Theodard to Wason HERMANNUS CONTRACTUS a Monk of Richenaw A Genuine Work A Chronicle from the Creation of the World to the Year 1052. continu'd by Bertulphus Doubtful Works Anthem in honour of the Virgin Mary Some other Divine Poems Works lost A Treatise of Musick Another of the Monochord Three Books of the manner of making the Astrolabe and its usefulness One Book of the Eclipses One Book of the Calendar A Treatise of the Quadrature of the Circle Another of the Discord of Sounds Another of Phisiognomy The Lives of divers Saints THEOPHANES the CERAMEAN Archbishop of Taurominum Genuine Works still extant LXXII Homilies NILUS DOXOPATRIUS Archimandrita A Genuine Work A Treatise of the Patriarchal Sees GUALDO a Monk of Corbie A Genuine Piece The Life of Anscharius Bishop of Hamburgh DROGO Bishop of Terouane Genuine Works Certain Relations of the Lives of St. Godelena and St. Oswald A Manuscript Piece The Life of St. Vinock HELGAUD a Monk of Fleury A Genuine Piece The Life of King Robert WIPPO Chaplain to the Emperor Henry III. Genuine Works An History of the Life of the Emperor Conrad A Panegyrick on the Emperor Henry III. EBERVIN or EVERVIN Abbot of St. Maurice at Tolen A Genuine Piece still extant The Life of St. Simeon of Syracuse EVERSHEIM Abbot of Aumont A Genuine Piece The Life of Poppo Abbot of Stavelo GERVASE Archbishop of Rheims A Genuine Piece A Letter to Pope Nicolas II. GUIBERT Arch-deacon of Toul A Genuine Piece The Life of Pope Leo IX ANSELM a Benedictin Monk of Rheims A Work lost The Itinerary of Pope Leo IX JOHN Archbishop of Euchaita Genuine Works Divers Poetical Pieces about the Festivals of the year The Lives of St. Eusebia and St. Doroitheus JOHN or JEANNELIN Abbot of Erbrestein Genuine Works that we have Several Extracts of Prayers with a Preface compos'd by that Author Three Letters Manuscript Pieces Certain Forms of Prayer dedicated to the Empress Agnes Works lost A Treatise of the Institution of a Widow Another of the Life and Conversation of Virgins Another of Alms. Another of the Heavenly Jerusalem or of Contemplation HEPIDANNUS a Monk of St. Gall. Genuine Works A Chronicle The Life of St. Wiborada LANFRANC Archbishop of Canterbury Genuine Works A Commentary on St. Paul's Epistles A Treatise of the Body and Blood of JESUS CHRIST Divers Letters Doubtful Works Certain Constitutions of the Order of Saint Benedict A Treatise of Confession A Discourse on the principal Duties of the Monastick Life Works lost An Ecclesiastical History The Life of William the Conqueror King of England A Commentary on the Book of Psalms GUITMOND Archbishop of Aversa Genuine Works still in our Possession Three Books of the Eucharist against Berenger An Exposition of the Articles of Faith relating to the Holy Trinity the Incarnation and the Eucharist A Discourse made to William I. King of England upon his refusal of a Bishoprick offer'd to him by that Prince DURAND Abbot of Troarn A Genuine Piece A Treatise of the Eucharist against Berenger PETER DAMIAN Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia Genuine Works A Volume of Letters divided into eâ—â—ht Books â—X Tracts Divers Sermons The Lives of St. Odilo St. Maur Bishop of Cesena St. Romualdus and St. Rodulphus The History of the Passion of St. Flora and St. Lucilla Divers Prayers Hymns and Proses Supposititious Works Certain Sermons which are among those that are contain'd in the Collection of his Works Five Sermons publish'd by Father Luke Dachery ALEXANDER II. Pope Genuine Pieces XLV entire Letters and several Fragments of other Letters ALPHANUS Archbishop of Salerno Doubtful Works Divers Hymns and other Poetical Pieces GREGORY VII Pope His Genuine Works CCCLIX Letters a Register of which is compos'd divided into nine Books IX or X other Letters A Decretal Letter to Otho Bishop of Constance against the Marriage of Clergy-men and their keeping of Concubines with the Apology of the first Council of