liue licenciously and the captayne suretie to liue without daunger to be murthered But after that the Emperour Vespasianus had subdued his aduersaries and atteyned the Imperiall gouernment as well ouer Brytaine as ouer other partes of the worlde Cor. 〈◊〉 there were sent hither right noble Captaynes with diuerse notable bandes of Souldiers and Petilius Cerialis being appoynted Lieutenant put the Britaynes in greate feare by inuading the Brygantes the mightyest Nation of all the whose Ilande and fighting many battayles and some right bloudy with those people he subdued a great part of the countrey at the last Thus may you perceyue in what state this I le stoode in the time that Aruiragus raigned in the same as is supposed by the Hystoryes of the olde Brytaynes so that it may be thought that he gouerned rather a part of this lande than the whole and bare the name of a king the Romains not hauing so reduced the country into the forme of a prouince but that the Brytaynes bare rule in dyuerse partes thereof and that by the permission of the Romaines whiche neuerthelesse had theyr Lieutenauntes and Procuratours here that bare the greatest rule vnder the aforesayde Emperours Marius otherwise Meurig or Maue In the time of this mans raigne the people called Picts inuaded this lande They are iudged to be descended of the Nation of the Scithians neare kinsmen to the Gothes both by Countrey and maners a cruell kind of men and much giuen to the warres They are thought to haue taken theyr name bycause they vsed to paint their selues with a certain blewish colour or for that they were marked with printes in theyr visages so that the more honourable he was amongst them the deâ—…pelyer was he marked the more base he was the lesse his marks appeared Some thinke that these were the same that were called Agathirsies and named Picts bicause they painted their faces limmes so that by no menes y e painting could be washed off but howsoeuer they came by y e name â—â—bian â—…l Mon. â—…at VVest it is euident inough that they were of the Scithian nation This people therfore with their leader Roderike or as some name him Londorike entring the Ocean sea after the maner of â—…ouers arriued on y e coasts of Ireland where they required of y e Scots new seates to inhabite in for the Scots wheâ—… as some think were also discâ—…ded of y e Scithians did as theÌ„ inhabit in Ireland but doubting y t it shuld not be for their profit to 〈◊〉 so warlike a nation into that I le feyning as it were a friendship and excusing the matter by y e â—…wnesse of the couÌ„try declared vnto the Picts that the I le of Brytain was not farre froÌ„ thence being a large country a plentiful and not greaaly inhabited wherfore they counselled them to go thither promising vnto them all the ayde that might be The Picts more desirous of spoyle than of rule or gouernmeÌ„t without delay â—…tsed to the sea and sailed towards Britain where being 〈◊〉 they first inuaded the north pâ—…s thereof â—… finding there but few inhabiters they begin to wasâ—… and forray the country 〈…〉 Marius was aduertised with al speed he assembled his people made towards his enimies giuing to theÌ„ 〈◊〉 Roderike king of Pictes slaine obteyned the victorie so that Roderike was shâ—… slain in the field his people vanquished Vnto those that escaped with life Marius graunted licence that they might inhabite in the north part of Scotlande called Catnesse beeing as then a Countrey in maner desolate wythoute habitation wherevpon they wythdrewe thither and setled themselues in those partyes And bycause the Brytaynes disdeyned to graunt vnto them theyr daughters in maryage they sent vnto the Scots into Irelande requyring to haue wiues of theyr nation The Scottes agreed to their request with this condition that where there wanted lawfull issue of the kings lynage to succeede in the Kingdome of the Pictes then shoulde they name one of the womans syde to bee theyr king whiche ordinaunce was receyued and obserued euer after amongest the Pictes so long as their kingdome endured And thus the Pictes next after the Romains were the first of any straungers that came into this lande to inhabite as most wryters affyrme although the Scottishe Chronicles auouche the Picts to be inhabiters here before the incarnation of our sauiour But the victorie which Marius obteyned agaynst their king Roderike Polidor Math. VVest chaunced in the yeare after the incarnation .87 In remembraunce of which victorie Marius caused a stone to bee erected in the same place where the battayle was fought in whiche stone was grauen these woordes Marq Victoria The Englishe Chronicle sayeth that this stone was sette vppe on Stanesmoore and that the whole Countrey thereaboute taking name of this Marius as Westmaria nowe cleped Westmerlande King Marius hauing thus subdued his enimies and escaped the daunger of their dreadfull inuasion he gaue his minde to the good gouernment of his people and the aduauncement of the common wealth of the realme continuing the residue of his life in great tranquillitie and finally departed this life after he had raigned after most writers lij or .liij. yeares Mat. VVest Howbeit there be that wryte that hee dyed in the yeare of our Lorde 78. and so raigned not past fiue or sixe yeares at the most He was buryed at Cairleil leauing a sonne behinde him called Coyll Thus finde we in the Brytishe and English Hystories touching this Marius Humfrey Llhuyd seemeth to take this maÌ„ and his father Aruiragus to be all one person whether mooued therto by some Catologe of kings which he sawe or otherwise I cannot affyrme but speaking of the time when the Pictes and Scots should first come to settle themselues in this land he hath these words Neither was there any writers of name that made mention either of Scots or Picts before Vespasianus time about the yere of the incarnation .72 At what time Meurig or Maw or Aruiragus raigned in Brytaine In which time our annales do report that a certaine kind of people liuing by piracie and rouing on the sea came forth of Sueden or Norway vnder the guiding of one Rhythercus who landed in Albania â–ª wasting all the Countrey with robbing and spoyling so farre as Cairleil where he was vanquished in battaile and slaine by Murigus with a great part of his people The residue that escaped by flight fledde to their shippes and so conueyed themselues into the Iles of Orkney and Scotlande where they quietly abode a greate while after Thus farre haue I thought good to shew forth of the foresayde Llhuyds booke for that it seemeth to carie a great likelihoode of truth with it for the hystorie of the Picts which vndoubtedly I think were not as yet inhabiting in Brytaine but rather first placing themselues in the Iles of Orkney made inuasion into the maine I le of Britain afterwards as occasion
and made warre agaynst the King there who yet in the ende by practise founde meanes to slea the foresayde Guyon and his sonne Gourin so that Rou or Rollo hauing thus lost his father and brother was compelled to forsake the countrey with all those that had holpe his father to make warre agaynst the king And thus dryuen to seeke aduentures at length he became a Christian and was created Duke of Normandie by gift of Charles King of Fraunce surnamed Le Simple whose daughter the Ladie Gilla hee also maried but shee departing this life withoute issue hee maryed Popce daughter to the Earle of Bessin and Bayculx whome hee had kept as his wyfe before hee was baptised and had had by hir a sonne named VVilliam Longue espee and a daughter named Gerlota William Long espee or Longa Spâ—…ta had to wife the Ladie Sporta daughter to Hubert Earle of Senlis by whome he had issue Richard the second of that name duke of Normandy who maryed the Ladie Agnes the daughter of Hugh le Grande Earle of Paris of whome no issue proceeded but after hir deceasse he maryed to his seconde wife a Gentle woman named Gonnor daughter to a knight of the Danishe line by whoÌ„ hee had three sonnes Ye must note that there was one Richarde duke of Normandie before Rollo Richarde that was after Duke of Normandie the third of that name Robert Mauger He had also by hir three daughters Agnes otherwise called Emme maried first to Egelred king of Englande and after to King Cnute Helloye otherwise Alix bestowed vpon Geffrey Earle of Britaigne and Mawde cowpled in mariage with Euldes Earle of Charters and Blais Richard the thirde of that name maried Iudith sister to Geoffray Earle of Brytaigne by whome he had issue three sonnes Richarde Robert and William and as manye daughters Alix maried to Reignault Earle of Burgoyne Alienor maried to Baldwin Earle of Flaunders and the thirde dyed yong beeing affianced to Alfonse King of Nauarre Their mother deceased after she had beene maried tenne yeares and then Duke Richard maried secondly the Ladie Estric sister to Cnute king of Englande and Denmarke from whome hee purchased to be deuorced and then maried a Gentlewoman called Pauie by whom he had issue two sonnes William Earle of Arques and Mauger Archbishop of Rouen Richarde the fourth of that name Duke of Normandie eldest sonne to Richarde the thirde dyed withoute issue and then his brother Robert succeeded in the estate whiche Robert begatte vppon Arlete or Harleuina daughter to a Burgesse of Felais William surnamed the bastard afterwardes Duke of Normandie and by conquest king of England Hitherto haue we continued the Hystorie of this land wherein may appeare the variable chaunges of states by course of times and especially foure notable Conquests as first by the Romans secondly by Saxons thirdly by the Danes and now lastly by the Normans in euerie of which alterations of the state what is chiefly to be considered bycause wee haue partly touched the same in the Proheme we here omit to make any further discourse and so proceede to the second Booke as followeth 1577. THE Historie of Scotlande conteyning the beginning increase proceedings continuance Actes and Gouernemente of the Scottish nation from the originall thereof vnto the yeare 1571. Gathered and written in the English tongue by R. H. AT LONDON ¶ Jmprinted for Iohn Hunne God saue the Queene ¶ The Authours out of whome this Historie of Scotlande hath bene gathered Hector Boece Iohannes Ferrarius Pedemontanus Iohannes Maior Iohannes Fourdon Rogerus Houeden Richardus Southvvell VVilhelmus Paruus siue NeoburgeÌ„sis Albertus Crantz Aeneas Siluius Edward Hall Richard Grafton Iohn Stovv And others ⧠TO THE RIGHT Honorable the Lorde Robert Dudley Earle of Leycester Baron of Denbigh Knight of the most noble order of the Garter Maister of the Queenes Maiesties Horse and one of hir highnesse priuy Counsell IT may seeme right honorable a gret presumptioÌ„ in me to haue taken in hand the collection of this Scottish history and other of diuers regioÌ„s considering so many sufficient men as liue in these dayes far more able to performe the same But where at the motion of a special frend I vndertooke to deale therin Reginald VVolfe more vpoÌ„ trust of his promised ayde than of mine owne abilitie it pleased God to cal him to his mercy before the worke could be fully brought to end but yet to answere the expectatioÌ„ of his frends and trust which he had coÌ„mitted to theÌ„ and me in this behalf I haue done my good will to accoÌ„plish part of that which in his life time was intended although not to my wished desire by reason of such wantes as had bene supplied if he had liued to haue seene it published himself It resteth right noble Earle that it may please your Honor to accept my doinges in good parte to whom I offer this parcell of my trauayles in this Historie of Scotlande in regarde of the honour due to your noble Father for his incomparable valure well knowen and approued aswel within that realme as els where in seruice of two Kings of most famous memory Henry the .viij. and Edward the sixte sounding so greatly to his renowme as the same can not passe in silence whilest any remembraunce of those two most perelesse Princes shall remain in written Histories I therfore most humbly beseeche your honour to beare with my boldenesse in presenting you with so meane a gifte proceeding from one although vnknowen to your Lordshippe yet not without experience of your bountifull goodnesse extended towardes those to whome I recken myself most beholden as what is he within this realme almost of any degree which findeth not himselfe bounden to your Honour either in his owne causes or his frendes for suche is your inclination to pleasure all men as the same may seeme a peculiar vertue planted in your noble harte mouing you so much to delite therin as no time is thought by your Honour better spent than that whiche you employ in doing good to others But least I shoulde enter into so large a discourse as might be framed of this and other your excellent vertues a matter far exceding my simple knowlege I wil cease to speake further thereof sith the same is spread ouer al aswel this as other regions for no where doe want greate numbers of such as haue aboundantly tasted of your exceeding courtesies In making you owner therfore of this abstract of the Scottish histories I most humbly beseech your honour if any thing be amisse to impute the same to the imperfectioÌ„ and defect of better instructions and with your benigne fauourable interpretation to haue me therein excused Suche as it is I addresse it to your good Lordship with so dutiful a mind as may be imagined beseeching God to preserue your honor in long life with plentiful increase of wisedome vertue al wishful prosperitie Your honours most humble to commaunde RAPHAEL HOLINSHED THE
kingdoâ—â— And hauing ruled his subiects with great iustice by the space of .xl. yeres or therabout he died after whose deceasse succeeded Fandufus Fandufus who had issue Ethion and he â—â—gat Glancus whiche Glancus begat Noitafilus â–ª the father of Rothsay all of them raigned successiuely 〈◊〉 the Scotish men in Irelande as in the description of that land more plainly may appeare Rothsay This Rothsay perceyuing the Scottish nation encreased to a greater multitude in Ireland than the country was wel able to sustaine transported ouer certaine numbers of them into the Iles aunciently called â—…boâ—â—es The Scottes â—…erie ouer into the westerne Isles afterwards Hâ—…bâ—…ides but now by the Scottes the western Iles bycause they lie on the west halfe of Scotlande and there they placed them to inhabite They inhabite the Isle of Rothsay He named also that Isle which he first beganne to possesse Rothsay after his owne name Which translation of these Scottish men into those Isles was 133. yeares after the â—…oroâ—…ation of Brechus This Rothsay had not beene long in those Isles but that hearing of his fathers deceasse he returned into Irelande to succede in his place Where the Scottish men pâ—â—â—eyuing the fertilitie of the Isles and how the same serued wel for the breeding of cattel became so desirous to inhabite the same that they went ouer thither dayly ingreate numbers with their wiues children and whole families so that within a â—…horte time they multiplied in such wise that the Isles were not large ynough to finde them sustenauce The Scottes inhabite the maine lande of Scotlande by reason wherof diuerse companies of them got them ouer into the maine lande of the North part of this our Bryâ—…taine called as then Albion where they first inhabited a waste and desert portion thereof lying to waste 〈◊〉 west neuer against the foreremembred Isles by â—…heâ—… alreadie inhabited Anno mundi 338â—… 4617. H.B. They inhabite the countrey called Arguile That part where they first beganne to 〈◊〉 themselues they named Arguelâ—…lia after the name of their first Captain and guide Gathelus but the Inhabitantes at this day call it Arguyle They make lawes and ordinances At their first comming because they perceyued they coulde not liue without lawes and 〈◊〉 gouernment they seuered thereof 〈◊〉 into â—…thâ—â— or as it were into hundreds 〈◊〉 wee pertaken euery of the same hauing a speciall gouernmentâ—… see their lawes ministred Gouernours had in reuerence and iustice 〈◊〉 whiche gouernours were had in suche reuerence that they were as â—â—ch afrayde to sweare by the name of any one of them as they 〈◊〉 the Goddes In this state they continued many 〈…〉 They liue in peace encreasing in pubcâ—â—â— of 〈…〉 mightie motion and liued in good 〈◊〉 ouâ—… trouble of watres or 〈…〉 vpon 〈◊〉 any â—…raine 〈◊〉 In this meane time also The Pictes came into Scotland one of Germanie the Pictes whiche were 〈◊〉 people of Germanie as most writers do agree came 〈…〉 also in 〈◊〉 part of Brytayne which nowe is comprehended likewise within Scotlande Some say that they came forth of the hyther part of Scithia and other there be whiche holde opinion that they discended of the people named in olde time Agathirsi whiche inhabited in a part of Sarmatia were called Pictes bycause they vsed to paynt and colour theyr faces or as some suppose for that they vsed gay apparell of dyuerse and sundrie colours but the same wryters generally confesse that they first came into Germanie or hyther Scithia that is to meane Denmarke many yeares before they entred into Brytaine Pictes came out of Denmarke The Pictes came first into Orkney chaunging their seates came into the maine lande of Scotlande Pictlande Firth Truth it is that they first came out of Germanie into the Isles of Orkeney and there inhabiting for a season feryed ouer into Cathenese whereof it came to passe that the streyte there at this present is called Pictland firth and so in coÌ„tinuance of time encreasing in number they passed further into the lande and got possession of Rosse Murray land Merne and Anguse and after that entring into Fiffe and Lowthian they droue such Brytaynes from thence as inhabited there before whiche were but a simple kinde of people as those that applyed nothing but onely nourishing and breeding of cat-cattaile These Pictes as by conference of tymes may appeare entred first into Scotlande aboute the yeare after the creation of the worlde 3633 and being once ariued 4867. H.B. they began to erect and builde certaine fortes The Pictes make strong holdes wherein they might defend themselues if any force of enimies shoulde chaunce to put them vnto such shiftes but perceyuing they could not continue any time without wiues to mainteyne their stock and progenie by bringing forth issue they thought it expedient to require of the Scottishe men some number of women to marrie with The Pictes require womeÌ„ of the Sottes that thereby a sure alliance might be had betwixt both nations and that if neede requyred they might the better defende them from their common enimies the Brytaynes whome they knewe woulde be lothe to see the encrease of eyther Scottes or Pictes as those that were straungers to them and vsurpers vpon theyr confines â–ª A league made This request was graunted and a ful league ratifyed betwixt the Scottishe men and Pictes with couenauntes â–ª that neither of them shoulde seeke to vsurpe anye peece of that whiche the other helde but â—â—ntent themselues wyth theyr owne marckes And further hee that attempted to wrong the onâ—… shoulde bee accompted an enimie to bothe â–ª and agaynste whome they shoulde bee readie to ioyne theyr powers in eyther others defence The succession of the gouernment Also it was accorded that if at any tyme it were doubtfull who ought to succeede in the gouernment of the Pictishe kingdome some oâ—…e discended of those Scottish women should be admitted to the throne This allyaunce was euen at the first mislyked of the Brytaynes Their alliâ—â—â—â— misliked who doubted that if these two Nations shoulde once bee ioyned inseparatly togyther they might in tyme to come â—…ncrease to greater puissaunce than should stand well with the suretie of their estate Therefore studying howe to preuent that daunger Dissâ—â—tiâ—â— a present destroyer they thought the readyest meane to destroy both those Nations was if they might bring it to passe to sette them firste togither by the eares amongest themselues that afterwardes when their powers were by suche meanes sorâ—… abated they might the more easily subdue them at their pleasures This deuise the Brytaynes kept secrete for a time till occasion serued to worke theyr intent In whiche meane while the affinitie betwixt the Scottes and Pictes increased to the welth of both nations and for the issue sake great loue and friendshippe was mainteyned amongst them the Pictes applyed themselues to tylling the grounde and buylding of
into the Brytish confines spoyling and wasting the countrey with their accustomed cruelty Arthure discomfiteth the Saxons twise in battaile then againe lieth siege to Yorke and winneth it Wherevpon encountering them twice in battail he obteined the victorie and then besieging York at length he entred into that Citie by meanes of a Brytayn who dwelling amongst the Saxons there in the night season cōueyed a sort of Brytains into the citie the which breaking open the gates in y e dead of y e night did let in al the whole host Where Arthur would not suffer his men to make any great murther of the enimies whiche were content to yeeld themselues Arthure vseth the victorie with gentlenesse but vsed them very gently therby to win more praise amongst all those that heard of his worthie victories The Brytaines hauing thus conquered the Citie of Yorke many feates of armes were dayly practized betwixt them and the Saxons which held possession still of the countrey there aboutes But the Britaines lying in that citie al the sommer and winter following The Brytaines soiourning for the winter time within Yorke giue themselues vnto banketting and voluptuousnesse at length beganne to take their ease namely in the depth of the winter and therewith gaue themselues to banketting drinking play and other kindes of voluptuous plesures so y t it seemed they trusted more to their passed victories than to their present force not fearing suche danger as was like to follow It is thought of some that aboute the same tyme Arthur firste instituted that the feaste of Christmasse shoulde be kept with such excesse of meates and drinkes in all kyndes of inordinate banquetting and reuell for the space of thirtene dayes togyther according to the custome vsed still throughe both the Realmes of England and Scotlande euen vnto this day resembling the feastes which the Gentiles vsed to keepe in the honour of their dronken God Bacchus Christmas bankets resembling the feastes Bacchanalia called in latine Bacchanalia wherein all kindes of beastly lust and sensuall voluptuousnesse was put in vre But whence soeuer or by whom soeuer this insatiable gourmandise came vp amongst vs surely a great abuse it is to see the people at suche a solemne feast where they ought to bee occupied in thankes giuing to almightie God for the sending downe of his onely begotten sonne amongst vs to giue themselues in maner wholy to gluttonie and excessiue filling of their bellies with such maner of lewd and wanton pastimes as though they shoulde rather celebrate the same feastes of Bacchanalia and those other which the Gentiles also kept called Floralia and Priapalia than the remembrance of Christes natiuitie who abhorreth all maner of such excesse But nowe to my purpose When the next Sommer was once come Arthure led forth hys Brytaynes agaynst their enimies but by reason of such ease and pleasure as they had taken whylest they soiourned in Yorke The Brytaines through rest and ease became vnapt to susteyne the paynes of warres being nowe come into the field they were able to abide no paynes so that no good was done of certaine yeares after till finally Arthure ioyned in league wyth Loth king of the Picts The conditions of which league were these That Arthure during his naturall life should raigne as king of the Brytains A league concluded betwixt Arthure king of Brytaynes and Loth king of Pictes and after his deceasse the kingdome to remaine vnto Mordred and his issue if he chaunced to haue any That the Pictes should ayde the Britaynes agaynst the Saxons and haue all suche landes as might bee recouered of them beyonde Humber Also the league whiche was betwixt them and the Scottes Mordred marieth the daughter of one Gawolane a Brytayne they should duely obserue Mordred should marrie the daughter of Gawolan a noble man amongst the Brytaynes and of highest authoritie next vnto Arthure himselfe the children of this maryage to bee brought vp with their grandfather in Brytain till they came to yeares of discretion Gawan or Gawen in seruice with king Arthure Gawan the brother of the foresayde Mordred shoulde serue king Arthure and receyue at his handes large entertainment and great possessions to mainteyne therewith his estate Other articles there were comprysed in this league according as was thought requisite for the maintenance of stable friendship betwixt these kings and their nations So that Arthur hauing concluded this league and still being desirous to purge the whole I le of all miscreantes and enimies of the Christian fayth Arthure sendeth Ambassadours vnto the kings of Scots and Pictes hee sente vnto the Scottish and Pictish kings requiring them on the behalfe of that dutie which they ought vnto the aduauncement of Christes religion to assemble their powers and to meete him at Tynmouth whither he woulde repayre to ioyne with them at such day as they would appoynt from thence to march forth agaynst the Saxons Loth king of the Pictes and Conranus king of the Scottishmen Scottes Pictes and Brytaines ioyne togither agaynst the Saxons fayled not in this so necessarie an enterprise but agreeable to Arthures request within fewe dayes after they came forwarde and ioyning with the Brytaynes forth they went agaynst the Saxons whom they vnderstoode to be alreadie in campe vnder the conduite of their king Occa in purpose to stop their passage When both the armies were approched neare togither they prepared to the battaile and fyrst Colgerme Duke of Northumberlande mounted vpon a light gelding rode almoste euen harde to the faces of the Pictes where they stoode in theyr order of battaile right stoutly Colgerme reproueth Loth. and there vttering many reprochfull wordes vnto Loth and other of his nobles for breach of their promised friendship to him and his Saxons declared that he trusted shortly to see iust punishment light vppon them for this falshood and vntruthes sake in thus ioyning with theyr former enimies against their most trustie friendes and stedfast allies The Pictishe king not greatly moued herewith commaunded his Standards to aduaunce forwarde and the Saxons likewise hasted apace towardes them so that the one being come within daunger of shot of the other the Pictes let flie their Arrowes right freshly Arthur in the meane time hauing set his people in aray exhorted thē to fight manfully and so soone as he perceyued that the fray was begon by the Picts he in semblable wise commaundeth the Brytaines to giue the onset so that immediately there ensued a sore conflict the Scottes beeing in the right wing sleaing Cheldricke one of the chiefest Captaines amongest the Saxons quickly discomfited that Wing with the which they were first matched Colgerme with his Saxons encountring as is sayde with the Pictes placed in the left wing rushed in amongst his enimies vpon an earnest desire to be reuenged of his aduersarie king Loth with such violence that at their first encounter he ouerthrew the same Loth
purposed intent with his trustie frendes amongst whom Banquho was the chiefest vpon confidence of theyr promised ayde Makbeth sleeth king Duncane he slewe the king at Enuernes or as some say at Botgosuane in the .vj. yeare of his reygne Then hauing a companie about him of such as he had made priuie to his enterpryce he caused himselfe to be proclaymed king Makbeth vsurpeth the crowne and foorthwith went vnto Scone where by common consent he receyued the inuesture of the kingdome according to the accustomed maner The bodie of Duncane was firste conueyed vnto Elgyne and there buried in kingly wise but afterwardes it was remoued and conueyed vnto Colmekill Duncanes buriall 1046. H.B. and there layd in a sepulture amongst his predecessours in the yeare after the birth of our Sauiour .1040 Malcolme Cammore and Donald Bane the sonnes of king Duncane Malcolme Cammore and Donald Bane flee into Cumberland for feare of theyr liues whiche they might well know y t Makbeth would seeke to bring to end for his more sure cōfirmatiō in the astate fled into Cūberlād where Malcolme remained til time that S. Edward y e sonne of king Etheldred recouered the dominion of England from the Danish power the whiche Edward receyued Malcolme by way of moste freendly entertaynement Malcolme Cāmore receiued by Edward king of England but Donald passed ouer into Ireland where he was tenderly cherished by the king of that lande When these theeues barrettours other oppressours of the innocent people were come to darreigne batell in this maner of wise as said is they were streight wayes apprehended by armed men trussed vp in halters on gibets Streight iustice according as they had iustly deserued The residue of misdoers y t were left were punished tamed in such sort that many yeares after all theft reiffings were litle heard of the people enioying the blissefull benefite of good peace and tranquillitie Makbeth shewing himselfe thus a most diligent punisher of all iniuries and wrongs attempted by any misordered persons within his realme was accompted the sure defence buckler of innocent people and hereto he also applied his whole endeuour A kingly endeuour to cause yong men to exercise themselues in vertuous maners and men of the Churche to attende their diuine seruice according to theyr vocations Iustice ministred without respect of persons He caused to be slaine sundry Thanes as of Eathnes Sutherland Stranauerne and Ros bicause through thē and their seditious attēpts much trouble dayly rose in the realme He appeased the troublesome state of Galloway and slewe one Makgill a tyraunt who had many yeares before passed nothing of the regall authoritie or power To be briefe such were the woorthy doings and princely acts of this Makbeth in the administration of the realme that if he had attayned therevnto by rightfull meanes and continued in vprightnesse of iustice as he began till the ende of his reygne he might well haue bene numbred amongst the moste noble princes that any where had reygned He made many holesome lawes statutes for the publike weale of his subiectes Lawes made by king Makbeth diuers of the whiche I haue here set foorth according as I finde them in Hector Boetius He that is within orders of the churche Liberties of thē that haue taken orders shall not be compelled to answere before a temporall iudge but be remitted to his ordinarie The tēth parte of all fruytes that encrease on the ground shal be giuen to the churche Tythes to be payde to the churche that God may be worshipped with oblations and praiers Persons accursed He that continueth obstinately in the curse of the church by the space of one whole yeare cōtemning to be reconciled shall be reputed enimie to the cōmon weale and if he perseuer with indurate minde the space of twoo yeares all his goodes shal be forfayted The order of knighthood He y t receyueth the order of knighthood shall take an othe to defend ladies virgins widowes orphans y e cōminaltie And he y t is made king shal be sworne in the semblable maner Eldest daughters The eldest daughter shall inherite hir fathers landes as well as the eldest sonne should if the father leaue no sonne bebinde him And if any woman marie with the lord of the soyle she shall lose hir heritage No man shall enioy any landes rentes offices The kings gifte or other possessions but onely by gifte and graunt of the king No offices to go by inheritance No office shall go by inheritaunce but shall still remayne at the kings free disposition as shal stande with his pleasure to assigne it Iudges No man shall sit as iudge in any temporall courte without the kings commission authorizing him thereto All conuentions offices and actes of iustice shall passe in the kings name Reteynours He that is retayned or becommeth a sworne mā to any other person saue only to y e king shall lose his life for it euery man shall be bounde to defend the king against all other creatures Raysours of the kings people or vnlawfull assembles He that rayseth the kings liege people shall lose life goodes and landes and so shall they do that assemble togither by his procurement He that attēdeth any man to the church market Wayters vpō other men or to any other publike assemble as a retaynour shall suffer death except he haue liuing at his hands on whom he so attendeth Keeping of horses A horse kept by any of the commons or husbandmen to any other vse than for tillage and laboring of the earth shal be forfayted to the king by escheate Counterfayte fooles with minstrels and such lyke Counterfeyte fooles minstrels iesters and these kinde of iuglers with such like idle persons that range abrode in the countrey hauing no special licēce of the king shal be cōpelled to learne some science or crafte to get their liuing if they refuse so to do they shal be drawen like horses in the plough and harrowes Possession of landes Though the sonne chaunce to be put in possession of his fathers lande by the kings licence during the life of his father yet shall the same landes be forfayted to the king if his father be afterwardes conuicted of treason committed against the kings person All suche women that are maried to any Lorde or Baron though shee haue no issue by him shall yet haue the thirde parte of his landes after his deceasse and the remnaunt shall go to his heyres Dowrie of wiues Mariage of Lordes and Barons All maner of Lordes and great Barons shal not contract matrimony with other vnder paine of death specially if theyr landes and rowmes lie neare togither Bearing of armour All armour and weapon borne to other effect than in defence of the king and realme in time of warres shal be confiscate to the kings vse
surnames by the name of those landes vnto the which they succeeded The afore recited Iohn Stewarde after the death of his brother Iames maried the heyre of Bonkill a virgine of great beautie and had by hyr Walter Steward that inherited the landes of Bonkill Ranfrew Rothessay Bute Walter inheritour of Bonkill c. Stewartoune after that his father the forenamed Iohn was slayne at Falkyrke He maried Mariorie Bruce daughter to king Robert Bruce King Robert the second by whom he had issue king Robert the second of that name This Robert the second tooke to wife one Isabel Mure a damosell of right excellent beutie she was daughter to sir Adham Mure knight and brought foorth issue Iohn steward otherwise Robert three sonnes and three daughters The eldest sonne hight Iohn Steward otherwise named Robert who succeeded immediatly after his fathers deceasse in gouernaunce of the crowne The second called Robert was made Earle of Fyfe and Menteith also he was created duke of Albanie Duke of Albany and ruled the realme of Scotlande vnder the name of Gouernour for the space of xv yeares The third sonne named Alexander was earle of Buchquhane and lord of Baudzenot Alexander steward sonne to king Robert the second The eldest daughter was maried to Iames that was the sonne and heyre of William Erle of Dowglas The second daughter was maried to Iohn Dunbar Iohn Dunbar brother to George of Dūbar Earle of Marche and was made to the aduancement of his further fame earle of Murray He got on hyr one onely daughter that was maried to the Dowglas and so Dowglas came to the Erledome of Murray The third daughter was maried vnto Iohn Lyoun that was after made Lorde of Glammis Moreouer the foresayde Robert that was the firste of the Stewardes whiche ware the crowne in Scotlande Ewfame maried Ewfame daughter to the Earle of Ros and got on hyr twoo sonnes Walter Earle of Atholl Walter and Dauid sonnes to king Robert Robert Duke of Albany and Dauid Earle of Stratherne This Walter solicited Robert duke of Albany to slea Dauid Steward duke of Rothsay And after that Iames the firste was returned home foorth of England Iames the first he did what he could to moue him to slea likewise all the lynage of the same Duke still beyng in hope after the dispatch of his kinsmen to come to the crowne himselfe whiche hope moued him to procure his Nephew Robert Steward Grayme or Graham Robert Grahā his daughters son to slea king Iames the first also for the which crime the same Walter was after conuicted and destroyed with all his sonnes His brother Dauid erle of Buchquhane died without issue and so the landes of bothe these bretherne returned againe to the crowne without any memory of theyr bloud Of Robert Steward duke of Albany came duke Murdo Duke Murdo who maried the Earle of Lennox daughter and got on hyr three sonnes Walter Alexander and Iames. Duke Murdo himselfe with his twoo firste sonnes were slayne at Stryueling by king Iames the first and the third brother Iames in reuenge therof brent Dunbertane and was after chased into Ireland where he deceassed without issue King Robert the thirde Robert the .iij. of that name maried Annabill Drommound daughter to sir Iohn Drōmound of Stobhall knight Dauid and Iames sonnes 〈…〉 Robert the third got on hyr Dauid Iames. The firste died in Falkeland and the other atteyned the crowne was called Iames the firste and maried the lady Iane daughter to Iohn Beauford earle of Somerset in England Iohn Beauford earle of Somerset He had by hir .ij. sonnes burne at one birth Alexander Iames. The first died yong The secōd atteyned the crowne named Iames the second Iames the first and his issue Iames the first had also .vj. daughters of the whiche the eldest was giuen in mariage to the Dolphine of Fraunce the second to the Duke of Brytayne the thirde to the Lorde of Feir the fourth to the Lorde of Dalkeith the fifth to the Earle of Huntley and the sixte had no succession The duke of Gelders daughter Iames the second maried Margaret daughter to the Duke of Gelderland and begot on hir three sonnes and two daughters The first succeeded him in the kingdome and was called Iames the thirde Iames and Alexander the second named Alexander was Duke of Albany maried firste the Erle of Orkeneys daughter and got on hyr Alexander that was after Bishop of Murray and then parting with hyr went into Fraunce where he maried the countesse of Bullogne and begot on hir Iohn Steward Duke of Albany Duke of Albany the gouernour of Scotland that was gouernour of Scotland many yeares in the minoritie of Iames the fifte The third sonne Iohn Steward was Erle of Mar whose chaunce was to be slayne in the Cannogat in a Bathefacte The lorde Boyd The first daughter of Iames the second was maried to the Lord Boyd who begot on hyr a sonne that was slayne by the Lord Mongumrie and a daughter that was maried to the Erle of Casselles After the death of the lord Boyd the husband of this first daughter of Iames the secōd she was eftsoones maried to the lord Hammylton The Lorde Hammylton and by that meanes was the house of the Hammyltons decorate with the kings bloud The other sister was maried to the lorde Creichton Lord Creichton Iames the third and his issue of whom came small succession worthy to be mencioned Iames the thirde maried Margaret daughter to the king of Denmarke Of the whiche mariage was borne Iames the fourth Alexander that was bishop of Saint Andros and Duke of Albany And Iohn Stewarde Erle of Mar but these twoo died without issue Iames the fourth maried Margaret daughter to king Henry the seuenth of England Iames the fourth and begot on hyr Iames the fifth who marying firste the Lady Magdalene daughter to Frauncis the French king had no issue by hyr for that she died in the yeare next after hyr comming into Scotland and then shortely after the sayde Iames the fifth maried the lady Mary de Lorrain Duches of Longuile a widow and by hyr had he issue Marie queene of Scotland that tooke to husbande Henry Steward lord Dernly by whom she had issue Charles Iames nowe king of Scotland But to returne vnto Makbeth in cōtinuyng the history and to beginne where I left ye shal vnderstād that after the cōtriued slaughter of Bāquho nothing prospered with the foresayde Makbeth for in maner euery man began to doubt his owne life and durst vnneth appeare in the kings presence euen as there were many that stoode in feare of him Makbethes dread so likewise stoode he in feare of many in such sorte that he began to make those away by one surmised cauillation or other His crueltie caused through feare whom he thought most able
was slain by chaunce through glauncing of an arrow shot at a Deare in y e new Forest then hoping to succeed him in the kingdome of England he preferred that honor to the other wherein he sawe to be more trauaile than gaine Henrie Beauclerke king of Englande But at his comming home he found that his yongst brother Henrie surnamed Beauclerke was placed in the kingdome of England and so was Duke Robert his hope frustrate of both the kingdomes and that worthily as moste men thought for that he refused so necessarie a dignitie wherein he might haue serued the common cause of the christian common wealth Maude king Edgars sister Vnto Henry Beauclerke in the seconde yeare of his raigne king Edgar maried the one of hys sisters called Maulde The other named Marie hee coupled wyth Eustace Earle of Bulloigne Eustace Earle of Bulloigne Of the whiche mariage was borne a daughter that was the only heyre of the same Eustace in the Countie of Bulloigne the which when she came to womans state was maried vnto Stephen Earle of March in England of Mortaigne in France Nephew to Henrie Beauclerke by his sister The king of Englande Henrie had issue by Queen Mauld two sonnes and two daughters William and Richard Eufamie and Maulde But now to returne to king Edgar to shew some token of thanks towards saint Cutbert for his ayd shewed as was thought in the battaile agaynst his vncle Donalde The landes of Coldingham Canulph Bishop of Durham he gaue vnto the Monkes of Durham the lands of Coldingham and to the Bishop of Durham called Canulph he gaue the towne of Berwike but for that the same Bishop wrought afterwardes treason agaynst him he lost that gyft and the king resumed that towne into his handes againe I do not finde that Edgar had any warres any way forth during all the time of his raigne Edgar rather reuerenced than dred a prince rather reuerenced than dred amongst hys subiects for his singular equitie vpright dealing He departed out of this life at Dundee in the ix yeare of his raigne 1107. Io. Ma. 1109. H. B and after the byrth of our Sauiour 1107. AFter the decease of this Edgar succreded his brother Alexander the fierce so called for his rigorous valiancie in pursuing of theeues and robbers Alexander In the beginning of his raigne the inhabitants of Murrey lande and Rosse beholding him to bee moste an ende in the Church at his prayers and diuine seruice after the maner of his parents supposed he would proue no great quick iusticier in punishing offenders therupon most presumptuously they began to rob and reaue on eche side Theues of Murrey land and Rosse not sparing to kill and slea all suche as came in their handes without respect to age or sexe in somuche that the yong infants smyling vpon the murtherers beeing aboute to execute their detestable crueltie The crueltie of theeues passed by the Sworde as well as the resysters suche rooted malice remayned in theyr beastly heartes which vpon renuing theyr olde grudges they now accordingly shewed King Alexander therefore aduertised hereof came into those parties with a competent armie Execution and apprehending the chiefe authours and captaynes stroke of their heades As he returned backe through the Mernes there came a woman vnto him weeping in lamentable sorte who fell vppon hir knees at his feete beseeching him to pitie hir case hauing lost both hir husbande and sonne The Earle of Mernes sonne by the tyrannous crueltie of the maister of Mernes who for that they had called him afore a iudge in an action of debt had slaine and murthered as well the one as the other The king moued with this detestable kinde of iniurie lyght beside his Horse and woulde not alight vp againe A righteous Iusticier till hee had seene the Authour of that heynous trespasse hanged vppon a Gybet After this comming into Gourie The Castell of Baledgar hee tooke in hande to finishe and make vp the Castell of Baledgar the foundation whereof his brother Edgar had begun that it might be an ayde to chastice a sort of theeues robbers which haunted the Wooddes thereaboutes to the great disquiet of all the Countrey He gaue also to the maintenance of that house certain landes which the Earle of Gowrie had giuen him at the Fout stone when he became his godfather Whilest he was thus busie about the furtherance of that worke diuerse of those theeues that were acustomed to liue by robberies in those parts perceiuing that this castell which the king was about to build shoulde turne vnto their destruction Treason of conspirators to haue slaine the king they conspired his death winning by rewards promises the help of the kings chamberlain to the accōplishing of their traiterous and most diuelishe practises they entered one night through a priuie into his lodging in purpose to haue slaine him as he had slept in his bed chāber but he by Gods prouidence hauing knowledge of their cōming started out of his bed caught a sword which hung neare at hand wherewith he slue first his chamberlain that had brought them in The kings manhood and then dispatched a six of the other traitors which were alreadie entred his chamber with singular force manhood the other fearing least with the noyse his seruants that lodged within the house should haue bin raised so haue hasted to assaile thē on the backs fled in all hast possible Neuerthelesse suche pursute was made after them that many of them were apprehended and vpon their examination beeing brought before the king they declared plainly howe they were encouraged to worke that treason whiche they had gone aboute by sundrie great Barons and gentlemen of the countrey Finally the matter was so handled with them that they disclosed the names of those that had thus procured them to the treason Wherevpon the king gathering an army The water of Spay he marched forth to pursue them but before he came vnto the water of Spay the conspirators had gotten togither their power were lodged on the further side of the same water to stop him from passing ouer Sir Alexander Carron The king seeing them thus assembled to impeach his passage sent his Banner man sir Alexander Carron with a chosen part of his army to passe the water The Rebels are vāquished and to fight with his enimies where by the hardie onset of the sayde sir Alexander they were quickly put to flight many of them that were taken in the chase suffered death according as they had well deserued The realme after this execution done of these offenders continued many yeares after in good tranquilitie This Alexander Carron also for that he was seene in the kings sight that day to fight moste manfully in sleaing diuers of the rebelles with a crooked sworde whiche he had in his hande of whiche sort many
were vsed in those dayes he was highly rewarded at the kings handes and euer after named Skrimgeour Skrimgeour that is to meane an hardie fighter He had also his armes encreased with a rampaunt Lion holding a crooked sword as is to be seene in the armes of his posteritie vnto this day Other there be that say he got the surname of Skrimgeour bycause he slue an English man in a singular combate The principall of this surname in our time helde the Constableship of Dundee bearing in hys armes a crooked Sworde in fashion of an hooke After that king Alexander had appeased the intestine commotions thus within his Realme The Abbey of Scone he set in hande to repayre the Abbey of Scone wherein he placed regular Chanons dedicating the Church in the honour of the Trinitie and Saint Michael Not long after this also he chaunced to come into Saint Colmes Inche Saint Colmes ynche where he was constrayned to abide three dayes togither through violent rage of weather and tempestes and bycause he founde some reliefe of meate and drinke by meanes of an hermit that dwelled within the same Inche and kept a Chappell there dedicate to Saint Colme he made of that Chappell an Abbey of regular Chanons The Abbey of Saint Colm◅ ynch builded in the honor of saint Colme endowing it with sundrie landes and tents for the maintenance of the Abbot and conuent of that house He also gaue vnto the Church of Saint Androwes the landes called the Boarrinke Landes named the Boarrink so named for that a great Boare was slain vpon the sayde grounde that had done much hurt in the Countrey thereabout Boare tuskes The tuskes of this Boare doe hang in Chaynes vppon the stalles of the Quier in Saint Androwes Church afore the high aulter and are a .xvj. ynches in length and foure ynches in thicknesse Moreouer the Abbey of Dunfirmling was finished by king Alexāder The Abbey of Dunfirmling and endowed with sundrie landes and possessions Whilest king Alexander was thus occupied in buylding and repayring of religious houses Dauid brother to king Alexander his brother Dauid liued in Englande with hys sister Queene Maulde and through fauor which the king hir husbande bare towardes him he obteyned in maryage one Maulde Woldosius Earle of Northumberland Huntingtō daughter vnto Woldosius or rather Waltheof Earle of Huntington and Northumberland begot of his wife the ladie Iudith that was neece vnto king William y e Conquerour for y t the sayd Woldosius or Waltheof had no other issue to inherite his lands Dauid in right of his wife Mauld enioyed the same The landes of Huntington and Northumberland annexed to the crowne of Scotland and was made Earle of Huntington Northumberland had issue by his wife a sonne named Henrie by whom the lands of Huntington some part of Northūberland were annexed vnto the crown of Scotlād as after shal appeare Mauld the daughter of king Henrie Beauclerke was maried vnto Henrie the Emperor the fourth of that name William Richard Eufeme the residue of y e issue which the same Henry had by his wife surnamed for hir singular bounteousnesse the good Queene Matilde in comming forth of France to repasse into England perished in the sea by a tempest to the great dolour of the king their father and to all other his subiects of eche estate and degree The death of king Alexander Their mother the sayde Maulde was before that time departed out of this life It was not long after but that Alexander deceassed also and was buryed in Dunfermling bysydes hys fathers sepulture in the .xvij. yeare of his raigne complete and from the incarnation of Christ 1125. 1124. H.B. yeares In the dayes of this king Alexander the kynred of the Cummings The beginning of the Cummings had their beginning by one Iohn Cumming a man of great prowes and valiancie obteyning of the king in respect thereof certaine small portions of landes in Scotlande The house of these Cummings rose in proces of time thus from a small beginning to highe honour and puissance by reason of the great possessions and ample reuenues which they afterwardes atteyned At length as often happeneth the importable height of this lynage was the onely cause of the decay and finall ruine thereof as in the sequell of this Hystorie ye may at full perceyue Knightes of the Rodes Also in the dayes of king Alexander the order of knights of the Rodes had their beginning and likewise the order of white Monkes White Monks the authour whereof was one Nodobert Richard de sancto Victore About the same time liued that holye man Richard de Sancto Victore a Scottish man borne but dwelling for the more part of his time at Paris in Fraunce where he dyed and was buryed within the Cloyster of the Abbey of Saint Victor being a brother of the same house This Dauid according to the ensample of his noble Parents set his whole care about the due ministring of Iustice to the honour of almightie God and the weale of his realme He had no trouble by warres with any forraine enimies so long as king Henrie Beauclerke liued Therefore hauing oportunitie of such a quiet time he rode about all the parties of his realme and vsed to sit in hearing of iudgement himselfe specially cōcerning poore mens causes and matters The care of king Dauid for the poore but the controuersies of the Lordes and barrons he referred to the hearing of other Iudges If he vnderstoode that any man were endomaged by any wrongful iudgement he recōpensed the partie wronged A rightuous iudge according to the value of his losse hinderance with the goods of the iudge that pronounced the iudgement Thus in the first yeares of his raigne hee did many things to the aduauncement of the common welth Banketting cheare banished and banished such banketting cheare as was vsed amongst his people after the ensample of the Englishe men perceyuing the same to breede a great weakning and decay of the auncient stoutnesse of stomacke that was wont to remaine in the Scottish nation He buylded the number of .xv. Abbeyes King Dauid built .xv. Abbeyes part of them in the beginning of his raigne before the warres were begon which he had with the Englishe men and part after the same warres were ended The names of those Abbeyes are as followeth Holy Roode house Kelso Iedburgh The names of the Abbeys buylded by king Dauid Melrosse Newbottell Holmecultrane Dundranane Cambuskenneth Kynlois Dunfirmling Holme in Cumberland also two Nunries the one at Carleil the other at north Barwike with two Abbays beside Newcastel y e one of S. Benedicts order and the other of white Monks He erected also foure Bishoprikes within his Realme Rosse Brechin Dunkeld Foure Bishops seas erected in Scotland and Dublane endowing them with riche rentes fayre landes and sundrie
fellowes amongest them fell to breakyng and robbyng of Orchardes some also entring into the Citie behaued themselues very disorderedly But yet by the comming of the kyng theyr lewdnesse was stayed so that hee seemed not to seeke reuenge of the Pilgrimes but rather with courteous meanes to brydle their vnlawfull attemptes wherevnto the diligence of the Englishe Capitaynes not a little preuayled for a whyle but yet for all that coulde bee doone on bothe sydes within three dayes after a newe tumulte was reysed betwixte the Englishe Pilgrimes and the Townesmen A mutenie betvvixt the Englishmen and the tovvnsmen of Lisbone and diuers hurte and kylled on eyther parte whervppon the king caused the gates of the Citie to be shut and al those that were come from the ships into the citie to eate and drinke beyng in number aboute seauen hundred were apprehended and committed to warde Englishmenne committed to prison and before they could bee releassed sir Roberte Sabville and sir Rycharde Camville were gladde to agree wyth the kyng so as all former offences beeyng remitted and thynges taken by eyther parte restored the Englishmenne promysed to obserue the peace aneynst the Kyng of Portyngale and hys people and hee lykewyse couenaunted for hym and hys subiectes that they shoulde keepe the peace aneynst all Pilgrimes that went foorthe in thys voyage and vse them lyke hys frendes and thus the quarell ceassed Soone after the Englyshe Nauye departed from Lysbone and came vnto the mouthe of the Ryuer of Taye betweene Caperico and Belem The Englishe shippes meete agayne togither where the same daye on Saint Iames euen the Lorde Willyam de Forzdulerun arryued also wyth three and thyrtie other shippes and so then they were in all aboute an hundred and sixe sayles very well furnished and manned and so frō thence taking their course towards Marseiles finally they arriued there in the octaues of the Assumption of our Lady and staying there an eight dayes till they had repared suche thinges aboute their shippes as were needefull they sette forwarde againe and came to messina in Sicile in the ◅raste of the Exaltation of the Crosse On the Sunday folowing also came the Frenche king thither They a◅ Messina hauing lost no small parte of hys nauye by tempests of weather King Richarde as then remayned at Salerue and hearyng that his nauy was gone towardes Messina he departed thence on the thirtene daye of September and hasted forthe towardes Messina passing by Melphi and Cocenza and so at length comming to Faro de Messina hee passed the same and on the .xxiij. Kyng Richard◅ arriueth as Messina day of September arriued at Messina with greate noyse of trumpettes and other instrumentes to the wonder of the Frenche king and other that behelde his great puissance and royall behauiour now at his commyng The same tyme he went vnto the French kings lodging to commen with him of their busines and immediatly the French king tooke the sea in purpose to haue passed forward on his iorney but by contrary winde he was stayed and kept backe within the hauen whereupon bothe the Kings determined to Winter there and in the meane time to prouide them selues of all things necessarie for their iorney against the beginning of the next spring The .xxx. of September he receiued his sister the Quene of Sicil the widow of William late king of that yle whom he placed in a strong fortresse which he tooke the same day and left therin a conuenient garnison of menne at armes and demylaunces for the safegarde of the place and of his said sister But nowe for the better vnderstandyng of the cause of suche quarellyng as fell out betwixt the Englishmen and y e Siciliās ye shal vnderstand that a little before the arriuall of the Kings of Englande and Fraunce in those parties Kyng William of Sicile was departed this life leauing no issue behinde him Whereupon the lordes of the I le elected one Tancrede to their king a bastard sonne of Roger sometyme king of that lande and Graundfather to this laste deceassed king William This Tancrede though he receiued king Richard very courteousely Yet he greately trusted him not bicause he demaunded the dower of his sister Quene Ioane wife to the late king William to be restored wheras he had not ready money to discharge it And furthermore to departe with the Citie of Mount Sainct Angelo with all the countye therevnto belongyng whiche was in deede assigned to hir for hir dower he thoughte in no wyse profytable but king Rychard did not only require that Citie countie wyth a chaire of gold A chaire of golde accordyng to the custome of that kingdom in ryght of his sister as due to hir by way of hir dower but also herequired to his owne vse a table of golde conteyning .xij. King Kichards demaundes for for the dovver of Messina by of his sister vvife to king VVilliam foot in length one foot and an half in breadth and ij trestelles of golde to beare vp the same table with .xxiiij. siluer cuppes and as many dishes of siluer with a tente of silke of suche largenesse that two hundred knightes might syt at meate within it also fortie thousande measures of wheate wyth as many of barly and as many of wine beside one hundred armed Galleys with all furnyture and victuales sufficiente to serue the Galey men in the same for the terme of .ij. yeres These things he demaunded as due to him being heyre to his father king Henrye accordingly as was deuised by kyng William in his last wil and testament which demaundes seemed intollerable to the said Tancred so that if he could haue shifted the matter he was lothe to haue harde thereof Moreouer bycause Pope Clemente in right of the Churche pretended a title to the Realme of Sicille nowe that King William was dead without heires hee doubted of some practise that myghte bee made agaynste him betwixte King Richard and the Pope Wherevppon he thought to prouide against all attemptes that mighte bee made fortifying hys Townes and Castels with strong garnisons and tooke counsell with the Citizens of Messina by what meanes hee mighte soonest dispatche hys Countrey of that present daunger and procure King Richarde to get him forward on his iourney Whilest these things were in hand there was ministred to the English-men occasion of displesure for as it oftentimes chanceth where an army is certaine of the vnruly Souldiers within Messina vsed themselues somewhat riotously wherevpon the Citizens offended therewith go◅e them to armoure and chaced all the Souldiers out of the Citie King Richarde who lay in Campe without the Walles neere to the Citie was so highly displeased herewith that he caused his men to arme them selues and to prepare ladders and other necessary things to assault the citie but by the mediation of the Frenche Kyng and curteous excuse of Kyng Tancred alledging the faulte to rest only in a sorte of rude Citizens
Edwarde At the solempnitie of this coronation there were let goe at libertie catche them that catche myght fiue hundred great horses by the King of Scottes the Erles of Cornwall Caxton Gloucester Pembroke Warren and others as they were alighte beside theyr backs On saint Nicholas euen there chaunced suche an earthquake with lightning and thunder and therewythall the appearing of the breÌ„ning drake and a blasing starre called a comete that the people were brought into no small feate vpon consideration thereof But nowe to the poynte of the historie Kyng Edward at the fyrste like a prudente prince chose foorth of the wysest and worthyest men to be of his cousell to purchase the loue of his subiects whose myndes were somwhat offended towardes his father by reason that he refused to keepe promise wyth them touchyng the restitution of gentle and fauourable lawes Kyng Edwarde shewed himselfe so gentle towardes all degrees of men that he seemed to excede the reasonable bonds of curteous humanitie muche more than became his royall estate After this 1275. An. Reg. 3. he reformed dyuers lawes and statutes and deuised some new ordinaÌ„ces greatly for the wealthe of the realme He helde his first Parliament at Westminster A parliament where the ordinances were made called the statute of Westminster the first The statute of VVestminster The Prince of VVales Llevvellin To this Parliament was the prince of Wales Lewelin summoned to come and doe his homage hauing bin requested first to come to the kings coronation but he refused and nowe hauing summonance to come to this Parliament he excused hymself affirming that hee durste not come for feare of certayne noble men that laye in wayte for his life requiring to haue pledges deliuered for his safe comming and going the Kyngs son and Gilbert Earle of Gloucester with Robert Burnell the Lord Chauncellour The Kyng was greatly offended with suche a presumptuous demaunde but passed it ouer till after the ende of the Parliament The king coÌ„meth to Chester and then repairing to Chester he sent eftsoones messengers to the said Llewelin requiring to come and doe his homage but hee still detracted time so that in the ende the Kyng reysed an armye meanyng to recouer that by force whiche otherwise he could not obteine by quiet meanes This yeare the people payd a fifteenth to the Kyng of all theyr temporall goodes which was sayde to be graunted firste to his father Mat. VVest Bracton bishop of Hereforde departeth this lyfe The same yeare departed this life Iohn Breton bishoppe of Hereford who being very experte in the lawes of the lande compiled a booke of them called to Bâ—…eton The eleueâ—… September 〈◊〉 generall earthquake chauâ—… betwixt the first houre and thirde of the 〈◊〉 daye the Church of Saint Michaell on the 〈◊〉 wythout Glastenbury was therwyth throwen downe to the grounde 〈◊〉 after this it rained bloude in the countrey 〈◊〉 Wales It raiâ—… 〈◊〉 as 〈◊〉 prodigy â—…se euill token to that â—…tion wyth whose bloude shortly after that Region was in many places maysted and stayned For as it chaunced shortly after 1276 An. reg â—… Lleweâ—…n the sonne of of Griffyn came to haue the gouernement of Wales who partly to reyse newe sediâ—… in England and partly to purchase hym friendship and alyaunce in Fraunce sente vnto the Phillippe requiring of him that he myght 〈◊〉 in marriage the Ladye Eleanor daughter to Symon Mauntfort Earle of Leycester the whiche togyther wyth hir mother and 〈◊〉 Emerike remayned as banyshed persoâ—… in France The French K. granted his request and sent hir vnder the conducte of hir saide â—…ther to be conueyed into Wales vnto Lâ—…lin who had promised to marry hir Bâ—…e they approched to Wales at the Isle of â—…y bothe the brother and sister were taken by â—…e shippes of Bristowe The 〈◊〉 Mâ—… 〈…〉 pâ—… 〈…〉 of 〈…〉 the owners wherof that so tooke them sent them vnto Kyng Edwarde When Llewelin vnderstood that his wife was takeÌ„ from him by the way as she was coÌ„ming he was not a little wrothe Lâ—… priâ—… 〈…〉 to 〈…〉 and incontinously beginneth to make warre vppon Kyng Edwardes subiectes that bordered neare vnto Wales killing the people spoiling their goods and brenning vp theyr Townes and houses 〈◊〉 eche side The Kyng appoynting 〈◊〉 of his 〈◊〉 signâ—… 〈…〉 Lorde Robert de Tâ—… to take on othe for hym and ancthorising the saide Robert Authoâ—… Bâ—… 〈…〉 de Sâ—…hampton 〈◊〉 prouinciall of the fâ—…ers preache â—…s commissione is a 〈…〉 his behalfe to receyue the 〈◊〉 the of the saiâ—… Leweâ—… Which Llewelin apâ—…oynted â–ª 〈◊〉 â—…missioners for his parte 〈◊〉 â—…ap Edâ—… and Gronâ—… Hâ—…lin the whiche â—…issioâ—… 〈◊〉 wyth good â—…liberation 〈◊〉 vpon 〈◊〉 poyntes and articles of whyche the principall wâ—… as followeth First that the saide Llewelin shoulde set 〈◊〉 liberte all prisoners whiche hee helde in captiuitie for the Kyng of Englandes cause â—…ty and without all chalenge â—…e articles of â—…ment beâ—…wixt King â—…vvarde and â—…vvellin Also to haue peace and the Kings of Englands sâ—… he shulde giue vnto the saide king fiftye thousand pound sterling the dayes of the payment whereof to reste in the Kyngs will and pleasure Also y t the lande of the four Candreds without all contradiction shoulde 〈◊〉 for euer to the King and his heyres with all lands conquered by the Kyng and his people the Isle of â—…ngâ—… y e exâ—…epted Anglesey whiche Isle was graunted to the Prince to that he shulde pay for the same yerely the 〈◊〉 of one thousand marks and fiue thousand maâ—… for an income and if the Prince 〈◊〉 to dye without issue then y e said Isle 〈◊〉 again 〈◊〉 the kings hands Also that the Prince shall come to Rothelan or Râ—… 〈◊〉 it is commonly called there so the 〈◊〉 to the Kyng and before his coÌ„ming thitheâ—… he shuld be assoyled and haue the interdâ—… of his landes released and at his being aâ—… Rotheâ—… daye shall be appoynted hym by the â—…ing for his comming to London there to doe 〈…〉 And herevpon was order taken for his 〈◊〉 conduit alâ—… in his comming to 〈◊〉 the â—…aâ—… as to LoÌ„don â–ª Ther be that wryte that 〈…〉 appoynted to come vnto London at the 〈◊〉 the Natiuitie of our Lord. Also it waâ—… 〈◊〉 couenanted that all the homages of â—…es should remaine to the Kyng except 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 barons which inhabited neare vnto that 〈◊〉 of Snowdon for otherwise the said 〈…〉 could not conueniently call himselfe Prâ—…e except he had some Barons vnder him 〈…〉 he shoulde reteyne the title and name of Prince so long as he liued and after his deceaâ—…e the homages of those fiue barons shoulde reuâ—… to the Kyng and to his heyres for euer â–ª Moreouer the kyng graunted vnto the saide Llewlin N. Triuet Dauid Llevvel lines brother prouided for the landes that belonged to his brother Dauid for term of the said Llewlins life and in recompence thereof was contented to satisfie
iour que le droyt sera tricé affirmé Et que les yssues de mesme la terre en le moyne temps resceus soient sauuement mis en depos bien gardees par la main le Chamberleyn d' Escoce que ore est de celuy qui serra assigne a luy de par le rey dengliterre de sous leur seaus sauue renable sustinance de la terre des chaustiaux des ministres du royaume En testimoigne de cestes choses auandicts nous auons mis nos scaules a ceste escript Fait donne a Norham le Mercredie prochein apres l'Ascention l'an de grace 1291. The English whereof is thus The Copie of the seconde charter touthing the possession of the lande TO all those which these present writings shal see or heare Florence Erle of HollaÌ„d Robert de Bruce lord of AnnaÌ„dal Iohn de Balliol Lord of Galloway Iohn Hastings Lorde of Abergeuennie Iohn Comin Lord of Badenaw Patrik de Dunbarre Earle of Marche Iohn de Vesey insteade of his father Nicholas de Sules WilliaÌ„ de Ros send greeting in our Lord. Bycause that of our good wil and common assent without all constraint we do consent and graunt vnto the noble prince the Lorde Edwarde by the grace of God king of England that he as superior Lorde of Scotland may heare examine define determine our clayme 's chalenges petitions whiche we intend to shew and proue for our right to bee receyued before him as superior Lord of the land promising moreouer that we shall take his deed for sleme and stable and that he shall inioy the kingdome of Scotland whose right shall by declaration best appeare before him Where as then the sayde king of England cannot in this maner take knowledge nor fulfill our meanings without iudgement nor iudgement ought to be without execution nor execution may in due forme be done without possession and seysine of the sayde land and Castels of the same we will consent and graunt that he as superior Lord to perform the premisses may haue the seysine of all the land and Castels of the same till they that pretend tytle to the crowne be satisfied in theyr sute so that before he be put in possession and seysine he finde sufficient suretie to vs that pretende tytle 〈◊〉 the Wardens and to all the comunaltie 〈◊〉 kingdome of Scotland y t he shal restore the 〈◊〉 kingdome with all the royaltie dignitie â—…rie liberties customes rightes lawes vsages â—…sessions and all and whatsoeuer the appâ—…ces in the same state wherein they were 〈◊〉 the seysine to him delyuered vnto him to 〈◊〉 by right it is due according to the iudgement 〈◊〉 his regalitie sauing to him the homage of 〈◊〉 person that shall be king and this resâ—… be made within two Moneths after y e day 〈◊〉 which the right shall be discussed and estabâ—… the issues of the same lande in the meane 〈◊〉 shall be receyued layd vp and put in safe 〈◊〉 in the handes of the Chamberlaine of Scotâ—… which nowe is and of him whome the 〈…〉 Englande shall to hym assigne and thys â—…der theyr Seales â—…ing and allowing the reasonable charges for the sustentation of the laâ—…e the Castelles and â—…s of the Kingdome In witnesse of all the which premisses we haue 〈◊〉 to these letters set our Seales Yeuen at Norham the Wednesday nexte after the feast of the Ascention of oure Lorde in the yeare of grace 1291. These two letters the King of England 〈◊〉 vnder his priuie Seale vnto diuerse Monasteries within his realme in the .xix. yeare of his raigne that in perpetuall memorie of the thing thus passed it might be registred in their Chronicles And thus by the common assent of the chiefest of the Lordes in Scotlande king Edwarde receyued the lande into his custodie tyll by due and lawfull tryall had it myght appeare who was rightfull heyre to the crowne there The homage or fealtie of the Nobles of Scotland was expressed in wordes as followeth Rich. 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 tenor of 〈◊〉 homage Bycause that all wee are come vnto the allegiance of the noble Prince Edwarde King of Englande wee promise for vs and oure heyres vpon all the daunger that wee may incurre that wee shall bee faythfull and loyally holde of hym agaynste all manner of mortall menne and that wee shall not vnderstande of any domage that may come to the king nor to his heyres but wee shall stay and impeache the same to our powers And to this we binde our selues and our heyres and are sworne vpoÌ„ the Euangelists to performe the same Beside this we haue done fealtie vnto our soueraigne lord the said king in these wordes eche one by himself I shall be true and faythfull and fayth and loyaltie I shall beare to the King of EnglaÌ„d Edward and his heyres of life member and worldely honour agaynste all mortall creatures Maister â—…pheâ—… of Râ—… The King hauing receyued as well the possessions of the Realme Castelles Manours and other places belongyng to the crowne of Scotlande â—…dens of â—…ealme of â—…and apâ—…ted by K. â—…arde he committed the gouernment and custodie of the realm vnto the Bishops of Saint Andrewes and Glasgo to the Lordes Iohn Cumyn and Iames Stewarde who had put him in possession to that vnder him they â—…o the same in maner as they had done before But in diuerse Castels hee placed such Captaynes as he thought most meetest to keepe them to hys vse till he had ended the controuersie and placed him in the kingdome to whome of ryght it belonged He also willed the Lordes of Scotland to elect a sufficient personage to bee Chancellour of the Realme 〈◊〉 Bishop of â—…esse elecâ—… chancellor â—…otlande which they did naming Alane Bishop of Catnesse whom the king admitted ioyning with him out of his Chapleynes named Walter Armundesham so that on the .xij. of Iune vpon the greene ouer agaynst the Castell of Norham neare to the ryuer of Tweede in the Parishe of Vpsetelington before Iohn Ballioll Robert Brute the Bishops of Saint Andrewes and Glasgo the Lordes Cumyn and Steward wardens of Scotlande He receyueth his seale The Bishop of Cathnesse receyued his Seale appoynted him by the king of England as supreme Lorde of Scotlande and there both the said Bishop He is sworne Walter Amondeâ—…ham were sworne truly to gouerne themselues in the office The Bishop of Saint Androwes and Iohn Lorde Comyn of Badenoth with Brian Fitz Alain were assigned to receyue such fealties at Saint Iohns towne The Bishop of Glasgo Iames Lorde Stewarde of Scotlande and Nicholas Segraue were appoynted to receyue them at Newcastell of Arc. The Earle of Southerland and the Sherife of that Countrey with his Baylifes and the Chatellain of Inuernesse were ordeyned to receyue those fealties in that Countye the Chattelain first to receyue it of the sayde Earle and then he with his sayd associates to receyue the same
he himselfe but also hys companie were mynded to sell theyr liues dearelye before they woulde shrynke an ynche from any that was to encounter them It maye bee that dyuerse of the Captayne 's also were corrupted and although outwardly they shewed to bee agaynst him yet in heart they bare him good wil and in no wise minded to hinder him K. Edward with out interruption passeth forward to Yorke So forwarde hee marched tyll bee came to Yorke on a Monday beyng the eightenth day of Marche Before hee came to the Citie by the space of three Myles the Recorder of Yorke whose name was Thomas Coniers one knowne in deede not to beare hym any faythfull good will came to hym Th. Conyers recorder of Yorke and gaue him to vnderstande that it stoode in no wise with his suretie to presume to approche the Citie for eyther hee should bee kept oute by force or if he did enter hee shoulde bee in daunger to be cast awaye by hys aduersaries that were within King Edwarde neuerthelesse sithe hee was come thus farre forwarde knewe well ynoughe there was no going backe for him but manfully to proceede forwarde with hys begunne 〈◊〉 and therefore kepte on hys waye and shoâ—… after there came to him out of the Citie Robert Clyfforde and Rycharde Bourgh who affirm him that in the quarell whiche hee pretended to pursue to witte for the obteyning of hys right to the Duchie of Yorke he shoulde not sayle but be receyued into the Citie but immediately after came the sayde Coniers agayne with the like tale and information as hee had brought before and thus King Edwarde one while put in comforte and an other while discouraged marched forth till he came to the gates of the Citie where his people stayed whylest hee and aboute .xvj. or xvij other such as hee thoughte meetest King Edwâ—… commeth 〈◊〉 to Yorke wâ—…e forth and entred the Citie wyth the sayde Clifforde and Bourgh and as some wryte there was a priest ready to say Masse in which Masse tyme the King receyued the Sacrament of the Communion He receiued an othe and there solemnly sware to keepe and obserue two speciall Articles although it was far vnlyke that he mynded to obserue eyther of them the one was that hee shoulde vse the Citizens after a gentle and courteous maner and the other that hee shoulde bee faythfull and obedient vnto King Henries commaundementes For this wilfull periurie as hath beene thought the issue of this king suffered for theyr fathers offence the depriuation not onelye of landes and worldlye possessions but also of theyr naturall lyues by theyr cruell Vncle king Richarde the thirde When king Edwarde had thus gotten into the Citie of Yorke he made such meanes among the Citizens that he got of them a certaine sum of money and leauing a garnison within the citie contrarie to his othe for feare least the Citizens after his departure might happily moue some rebellion aginst him he sette forwarde the next day towards Tadcaster a towne .x. miles from thence belonging to the Erle of Northumberland The next day he tooke his way towards Wakefielde and Sendall a Castell and Lordship belonging to the inheritaunce of the Dukes of Yorke leauing the Castell of Pomfret vpon his left hande The Maâ—… Montaâ—… feeth king Eâ—…ward to pâ—… by hym where the Marques Monâ—…e with his armie lay and did not once offer to stop him Whether the Marques suffred him so passe by so with his good will or no diuerse haue dyuersly coniectured Some thinke that it lay not in the power of the Marques greatly to annoy him doth for that the king was wel beloued in those parties and againe all the Nobles and common there for the most part were towardes the Earle of Northumberlande and wythoute him or his commaundement they were not willing to sturre And therefore the Erle in sitting still not mouing to or fro was thought to do K. Edward as good seruice as if he had come to him and raysed people to assyst him for diuerse happilye that shoulde haue come with him remembring displeasures paste woulde not haue beene so faythful as the Erle himselfe if it had come to the iumpe of any hazarde of battaile About Wake fielde and the partes there adioyning some companie of his friendes came to him whereby his power was encreased but nothing in such numbers as he looked for From Wakefielde he crossed on the left hand so to come againe into the high way 〈◊〉 Edwarde 〈◊〉 to â—…on and came to Doncaster and froÌ„ thence vnto Notingham Here came to him sir William Parre and sir Iames Harrington with six hundred men well armed and appoynted also there came to him sir Thomas a Bourgh â—…d and sir Thomas Montgomerie with their aydes which caused him at theyr first comming to make Proclamation in his owne name to witte of King Edwarde the fourth boldely affyrming to him that they would serue no maÌ„ but a king Whilest he remayned at Notingham and also before he came there hee sent abrode diuerse of his auaunt courrers to discouer the countrey and to vnderstande if there were anye power gathered agaynst him Some of them that were thus sent aproched to Newarke and vnderstoode that within the towne there the duke of Exceter the erle of Oxford The Duke of 〈◊〉 with a â—…er at â—…ke the lord Bardolfe other were lodged with a great power to the number of four M. men whiche they had assembled in Essex Norffolke Suffolke and in the shires of Cambridge Huntington and Lincolne The duke of Exceter and the Erle of Oxford and other the chiefe chaptains aduertised that K. Edwards foreriders had bene afore the towne in the Euening supposed verily that hee and his whole armie were comming towards theÌ„ whervpon they not thinking it good to abide longer there determined with al speed to dislodge and so about two of the clocke after midnight they departed from Newarke leauing some of theyr people behinde which either state away from theÌ„ and taried of purpose or could not get away so soone as their fellowes In deede the forâ—…riders that so discouered them within the towne of Newarke aduertised the king thereof in al post hast who incontinently assembled his people and forthwith marched towards them but before hee came within three miles of the towne hee had knowledge that they were flâ—…dde and gone from Newarke wherevpon be returned again to Notingham intending to keepe on his nearest waye towardes the Earle of Warwike whom he vnderstood to be departed from London and to bee come into Warwikeshyre where and in the Countreys adioyning he was busied in lenying an army with the which he purposed to distresse him The King then from Notingham came to Leycester where three thousande able men King Edwarde commeth to Leycester and well furnished for the warre came vnto him These were such as he knewe would liue and die in his quarell the most parte
vntruely alledged that they held the same of the Kyng in capite And when such persons as were thus vexed offered to trauerse those offices they coulde not bee admitted thereto in suche due and lawfull forme as in suche causes the lawe prouideth till they hadde compounded to paye greate fynes and raunsomes Moreouer the kings Wardes after they had accomplished their full age could not be suffered to sue theyr lyueries tyll they hadde paide excessiue fynes and raunsomes vnto their greate anoyance losse and disquieting and to no lesse contempte of the sayde late King And further where as dyuers persons had bin outlawed as well as the suite of theyr aduersaries as of the sayde late Kyng they coulde not be allowed to purchase theyr charters of pardon out of the Chancery according to the lawe of the Realme till they were driuen to aunswere halfe the issues and profites of all theyr landes and tenementes by the space of two yeares whiche the Kyng receyued to hys vse by the sayde Richarde Empsons procuremente who enformed hym that hee myghte lawfully take the same although hee knewe that it was contrarie to the lawes and customes of the Realme wherevppon the people vexed and molested by suche hard dealings sore grudged agaynste the sayde late Kyng to the greate perill and daunger of hys person and Realme and subuersion of the lawes and auntiente customes thereof Also it was alledged againste the said Empson that he hadde sente forth preceptes directed vnto dyuers persons commaundyng them vppon greate penalties to appeare before him and other hys associates at certayn dayes and times within hys house in Sainte Brydes Parishe in a warde of London called Farringdon without where they makyng theyr appearances accordyng to the same preceptes were impleaded afore hym and other his sayde associates of dyuers murthers felonies outlaries and of the articles in the statute of prouisors conteyned also of wilfull escapes of Felons and such like matters and articles apperteyning to the plees of the Crowne and common lawes of the Realme And that done the sayde persons were committed to dyuers prisons as the Fleete the Tower and other places where they were deteyned tyll they hadde fined at hys pleasure as well for the commoditie of the sayde late Kyng as for the singular aduauntage of the sayde Sir Richarde Empson Moreouer whereas the sayde Empson beeing Recorder of Couentrie and there sate with the Maior and other Iustices of the peace vppon a speciall gaole delyuerie within y e Citie on the Monday before the feast of S. Thomas the Apostle in the sixteenth yeare of the late kyngs raigne a prisoner that hadde beene endited of felonie for takyng out of an house in that Citie certayne goodes to the value of twentie shillings was arraigned before them and bycause the Iurie would not finde the sayde prisoner giltie for wante of sufficient euidence as they after alledged the sayde Sir Richarde Empson supposing the same euidence to be sufficient caused them to be committed toward wherein they remayned foure dayes togyther till they were contented to enter band in fortie pound a peece to appeare before the Kyng and hys Counsell the second returne of the tearme then nexte ensuing being Quindena Hillarij and therevppon they keeping their day and appearing before the said sir Richard Empson and other of the kings counsell according to their bandes were adiudged to pay euery of them eyght pound for a fyne and accordingly made payment thereof as they were then thought well worthy so to do But nowe this matter so long past was still kepte in memorie and so earnest some were to enforce it to the vttermost against the sayd Empson that in a Sessions holden at Couentrie nowe in thys first yere of this kings raigne an inditemēt was framed against him for this matter and thereof he was found giltie as if therein he had committed some great and heynous offence againste the Kings peace his Crowne and dignitie Thus haue I thought good to shew what I find hereof to the end ye may perceiue how glad men were to find some coulour of sufficiēt matter to bring the said sir Richard Empson master Edmonde Dudley within daunger of the lawes whereby at lengthe they were not onely condemned by acte of Parliament through malice of such as might seeme to seeke their destruction for priuate grudges but in the end also they were arreigned as first the said Edmond Dudley in the Guild Hall of London the seuententh of Iuly and sir Richarde Empson at Northāpton in October nexte ensuing and beeing there condemned was from thence broughte backe againe to the Tower of London where hee remained till the time of his execution as after yee shall heare This yeare the plague was greate and raigned in diuers parts of this Realme 1510 The King kepte hys Christmas at Richemond The twelfth of Ianuary dyuers Gentlemen prepared to iust and the Kyng and one of hys priuie chamber called William Compton secretely armed themselues in the little Parke of Richmond and so came into the iustes vnknowen to all persons The Kyng neuer ranne openly before and did exceedinglye well Master Compton chanced to be sore hurt by Edward Neuill Esquier brother to the Lord of Burgeinie so that he was lyke to haue dyed One person there was that knew the Kyng and cryed God saue the Kyng and with that all the people were astonyed and then the Kyng discouered hymselfe to the great comfort of the people The Kyng soone after came to Westminster and there kepte his Shrouetide with greate banquettings dauncings and other iolly pastimes Ambassadors This yeare also came Ambassadors not only from the Kyng of Arragon and Castile but also from the Kynges of Fraunce Denmarke Scotlande and other princes whych were highly welcomed and nobly enterteyned Thys yeare An. reg 2. the Kyng celebratyng the feast of Pentecost at Greenewiche the Thurseday in that weeke with two other whome hee chose of purpose to assist hym as aydes chalenged all commers to fyghte with them at the barriers with target and punching staffe of eyghte foote long and that done to fyghte eache of them twelue strokes with two handed swordes with and against all commers none except beeyng a Gentleman where the Kyng behaued hymselfe so well and deliuered hymselfe so valiauntlye that through hys manly prowes and greate strengthe the lande and prayse of that martiall pastime was gyuen to hym and his aydes notwithstandyng that dyuers valiante and strong personages had assayled them In this seconde yeare the Kyng beeing forth on his progresse hearde euerye daye more and more complayntes of Empson and Dudley set forthe and aduaunced no doubte by the drifte of theyr deadly enimies wherefore The seuenth day hath Ioh◅ Stowe Empson and Dudley beheaded he sent writtes to the Sheriffes of London to putte them to execution and so the seauententh daye of August they were both beheaded at the Tower hil and both theyr bodyes and heads buryed
talke as this prisoner is suffered some of vs will come no more at the barre and we be thus handled Bromley Throckmorton you must suffer the Quenes learned Counsell to speake or else we must take order with you you haue had leaue to talke at your pleasure Hare It is proued that you did talke with Wiat against the comming of the Spanyardes and deuised to interrupt their arriuall and you promised to doe what you coulde against them wherevpon Wiat being encouraged by you did leuie a force and attempted warre against the Queenes royall person Throckmor It was no treason nor no procurement of treason to talke agaynste the comming hyther of the Spanyardes neyther it was treason for mee to saye I woulde hynder their commyng hither as muche as I coulde vnderstanding me rightly as I meant it yea though you would extende it to the worste it was but words it was not treson at this day as the law standeth and as for Wiats doing they touche me nothing for at his death when it was no tyme to report vntruly he purged me Bromley By sundrye cases remembred heere by the Queenes learned counsell as you haue hearde that procurement which did appeare no otherwyse but by words and those you would make nothing hath bin of long tyme and by sundry well learned men in the Lawes adiudged treason And therefore youre procurement beeing so euidente as it is we may lawfully say it was treason bycause Wiat perfourmed a trayterous acte Throckmor As to the said alledged forepresidents against me I haue recited as many for me I would you my L. chief iustice shuld incline your iudgements rather after the exāple of your honorable predecessors Iustice Markā and others which did eschewe corrupte iudgementes iudging directly and sincerely after the Law and the principles in the same than after such men as swaruing from the truth the maxime and the Law did iudge corruptely maliciously and affectionately Bromley Iustice Markham had reson to warrant his doings for it did appeare a merchant of London was arraigned and slaunderously accused of treason for compassing imagining y e kings death he did say he would make his sonne heire of the Crowne and the merchant meant it of a house in Cheapeside at the signe of the Crowne but your case is not so Throckmor My case doeth differ I graunt but specially bicause I haue not suche a Iudge yet there is an other cause to restrain these your strange and extraordinarie constructions That is to say a Prouiso in the latter ende of the statute of Edwarde the thirde hauyng these wordes Prouided alwayes if anye other case of supposed Treason shall chaunce heereafter to come in question or triall before any iustice other than is in the sayd statute expressed that then the Iustice shall forbeare to adiudge the sayd case vntill it be shewed to the Parliament to trie whether it should be treason or felonie Here you are restrained by expresse wordes to adiudge any case that is not manifestly mentioned before vntill it be shewed to the Parliament ◅rtman That Prouiso is vnderstande of cases that may come in trial which hath bin in vre but the law hath always taken the procurer to be a principall offender ◅ders The lawe alwayes in cases of treason dothe accoumpte all principalles and no accessaries as in other offences and therfore a man offending in treason eyther by couert acte or procurement whervpon an open deede hath ensued as in this case is adiudged by the lawe a principall traytoure Throckmor You adiudge mee thinke procurement very hardly besydes the principall and besides the good Prouiso and besydes the good example of your best and moste godly learned predecessors the Iudges of the Realme as I haue partely declared and notwithstandyng thys grieuous racking and extending of this worde Procurement I am not in the daunger of it for it doth appere by no deposition that I procured neyther one or other to attempt any acte Stanforde The Iurie haue to trye whether it bee so or no let it weygh as it will Hare I knowe no meane so apparant to try Procurement as by words and that meane is probable ynoughe agaynst you as well by youre owne confession as by other mennes Depositions Throckmor To talke of the Queenes maryage with the Prince of Spayne and also the commyng hyther of the Spanyardes is not to procure treason to be done for then the whole Parliament house I meane the common house didde procure treason But since you wyll make no difference betwixte wordes and actes I praye you remember an Estatute made in my late Soueraigne Lorde and maisters tyme Kyng Edward the sixth whiche apparantly expresseth the difference These bee the woordes Who so euer dothe compasse or imagine to depose the Kyng of his Royall estate by open preaching expresse wordes or sayings shall for the fyrst offence lose and forfayte to the king all his their goodes and cattailes and also shal suffer imprisonmente of their bodyes at the Kings will and pleasure Whosoeuer c. for the second offence shall lose and forfayte to the Kyng the whole issues and profytes of all his or their landes tenementes and other hereditamentes benefices Prebendes and other Spirituall promotions Who soeuer c. for the thirde offence shall for terme or lyfe or lyues of suche offendour or offendors c. and shall also forfeite to the Kyngs Maiestie all his or their goodes and cattailes suffer during his or their liues perpetuall imprisonement of his or their bodies But whosoeuer c. by writing ciphering or acte shall for the firste offence be adiudged a traitour and suffer the paines of deathe Here you may perceiue howe the whole realme and all your iudgementes hathe beefore this vnderstande wordes and actes diuerslye and apparantlye And therefore the Iudgementes of the Parliamente did assigne diuersitie of punishmentes bicause they woulde not confounde the true vnderstanding of wordes and deedes appointing for compassing and imagining by worde imprisonment and for compassing and imagining by open deede paines of death Bromley It is agreed by the whole bench that the procurer and the adherent be deemed alwayes traytors when as a trayterous acte was committed by anye one of the same conspiracie and there is apparant proofe of youre adhering to Wiat both by your owne confession and other wayes Throckmor Adhering and procuring bee not all one for the statute of Edwarde the thirde doth speake of adhering but not of procuring and yet adhering ought not be further extended than to the Quenes enimies within hir Realme for so the statute doth limit the vnderstanding And Wiat was not the Queenes enimie for hee was not so reputed when I talked with him last and our speach implyed no enmitie neyther tended to anye treason or procuring of treason and therefore I pray you of the Iurie note thoughe I argue the lawe I alledge my innocencie as the best part of my defence Hare Your adhering
267.30 Edelburgh professed a Nonne in Fraunce 169.67 Edwyn brother to kyng Edward drowned by treason 224.72 Edelinsey I le and why so called 214.10 Edwardes issue recited 223.1 Edelfert or Edelfride summed the wyld succeedeth Ethelricus in the kingdome of Northumberland 10 145 Edrick de Streonas treason to difromfite the Englishmē 254.51 Edelwyn duke of east Angles withstandeth the displacyng of the Monkes in east Angle 235.102 Edeulf bishop of Faron 199 14. Edward eldest sonne to Henry the thyrd made Duke of Aquitaine 729.45 Edmond second sonne to kyng Henry the thyrd surnamed Crouchbacke marieth Anelina daughter to the earle of Aumarle 780.73 Edward putteth away his wife Editha 272.29 Edmond sonne to Henrye the thyrd borne 712.4 Edward promiseth to make Duke William of Normandie his heyre to the kingdom of England Edgar Edeling with his mother and sister fleeing towardes Hungarie are driuen into Scotland 298.66 Edward sendeth forth a mightye hoste against the Danes 220.58 Edward surnamed the elder sonne to king Alured begynneth his raign ouer the more part of England 219.79 Edward leadeth an armye against Adelwold 220.30 Edgina wife or Concubine to king Edward surnamed the Elder 222.97 Edginaes dreame and the effect therof 222.98 Edgina borne but of base parentage 222.106 Edgar Edeling sent into Scotland with an army to establish his c◅ostir Edgar in the kingdome 328.76 Edgar Edeling serueth the Scots against the Englishmen 322.47 Edgar Edeling recouyled to the fauor of king William Rufus 322.54 Edgar Edeling goeth ouer into Normandie with Duke Robert 322.67 Edgar of smal stature but of great strength 234.46 Edgar offreth the Combat to the Scottish king they both being alone a hunting 234 71. Edgar wynes and issue 235 5. Edmond Ironside and Cnute crie theyr right in a Combat at the I le of Oldney 256.59 Edmond Ironside and Cnute agree to part the lande betweene them 257.24 Edgita daughter to king Egelredus maried to earle Edricus 244.57 Edgar Edeling and other English exiles come in ayde of the Danes against the Normans 300.30 Edgar Edeling escapeth into Scotland 301.21 and. 306 90. Edgar Edeling depriued of honor and banished out of Normandy for euer 321.97 Edwyn brother to king Adelstane bannished the lande drowneth hym selfe 225.91 Editha made Abbatesse of Wilton Nourie 234.12 Editha daughter to king Edgar made a Nonne 233.14 Edricke de Streona procurer of kyng Edmondes death put to death also 258.22 Edrick de Streona made Gouernor of Mercia 258.36 and. 259.10 Edward sonne to king Edmōd marieth Agatha daughter to Henry the Emperor 259 34. Edwyn brother to king Edmond banished the Realme 258.38 and .259.12 Edwyn returneth and is trayterously slayne 259.18 Edwyn and Edward sonnes to king Edmond banished the land 259.26 Edwyn slaine by his owne soldiers 306.91 Edgar Edeling commeth into England with his mother 282.59 Edgar Edeling barred frō the Crown of England because of his tender yeres 282.64 Edmonde Ironside departeth this life 257.86 Edmond Ironside trayterously slayne at Oxford 257.111 Edwyn sonne to king Edmond marieth with Kyng Solomons daughter of Hungary 259.32 Edwarde and Edwyn sonnes to king Edmond banished the land 259.26 Edrieus sent with an army betraieth them vnto the Danes 243.51 Eldred or Etheldred duke of Mercia departeth this life 220.66 Edward the first borne 654.76 Edrick de Streona seeketh for king Edmondes fauor the more easily to betray hym 255.16 Edwyn earle of Mercia 284.25 Edwyn and Marcharus discomfited by the Norwegians neare vnto Yorke 284.65 Ederick de Streona trayterously fleeth to the Danes 252.18 Edward goeth to the Castle of Corfe to visite his mother in law and his brother 236 52. Edward shamefully murdered by the treason of his mother in law 236.69 Edwardes body buryed without solemne funerals 236.2 Edwardes body translated frō Warham to Shatesburye 237.39 Edmond Irōside offreth peace vnto Cnute vpon conditiōs 257.55 Edmond Ironside eldest sonne to king Egekedus proclaymed K. of England 253.51 Edmond the second sonne to Henry the third created duke of Lancaster 735.22 Edmond sonne to H. the .iii. openly made Duke of Sicil. 736.49 Edelwald succeedeth Edelhere in the kingdome of east Angles 177.2 Edward sonne to Henry the sixe borne pag. 1285. col 2 lin 58. made knight pag. 1306. col 1. lin 1. maried Anne second daughter to Richarde earle of Warwick pa. 1323 col 2. lin 26. taken prisoner pag. 1339. col 2. lin 48. Edmond duke of Somerset slayn at S. Albons pa. 1288. col 1. lin 1. Richard Earle of Marche proclaymed kyng Edward the fourth pag. 1310. col 1. lin 46. crowned pag. 1313. col 1. lin 12. taken prisoner 1321. col 1. lin 41. deliuered ead col 2. lin 1. fleeth the Realme pa. 1324. col 2. lin 30. iudged a traytor pa. 1326. col 2. lin 19. landed at Norfolke pa. 1327. col 1. lin 11. Edmond treasurer of the Colledge of Sarisbury elected and confirmed Archbishop of Cantorbury 637.74 Edward sonne to Edgar admitted and crowned kyng of England 235.66 Edward sonne to H. iii. created Prince of Wales 737.14 Edredus departeth this lyfe is buryed at Winchester 230.19 Editha after the death of kyng Sithrik leadeth a virgins life 225.4 Editha departeth this life 225 9. Edwyn drowned by fortune of the seas cast vp in Picardie 225.100 Edmerus cited 351.26 Edward hath most part of the I le of Britaine at his commaundement 222.59 Edward much delyted in repayring Cities Townes Castles 222.67 Edward dyeth at Faringdon and is buryed at Winchester 222 90. Edward sonne to Kyng Henry the thyrde made ruler of the Citie of London 780.67 setteth forwarde in his iourney towardes the holy Land 781.7 arriueth at Acres with his power 781.25 wounded and almost slayne by a Sarasin 781.45 Edricus created Erle of Mercia 244.54 Edricus maryeth Edgita daughter to King Egelredus 244.56 Edmond ioyneth his power with Earle Vthred agaynst ◅nuto 252.45 Edenborough Castle besieged 1866. wonne 1868.30 Edward marryeth Editha daughter to Earle Godwyn 269.32 Edward absteyneth from carnall companyng with hys wyfe and why 269.37 Edenbrugh Castle buylded 18.13 Edenbrugh why so called 18.14 Edan King of Scots cometh against Edelfers with an armie 153.35 Edan put to flight and hys armie discomfited 153.38 Edwine delayeth time to become a Christian 159.115 Edwines straūge vision which appeared vnto him 160.50 Edwines death conspired by Ethelferd Redwald 160.31 Edwine consulteth with hys Nobles touching Christianitie 161.35 Edwine and his people receiue the Christian faith 161.94 Edgina daughter to King Edward maryed to Otho the Emperour 223.20 Edward falleth in loue wyth Edgina and getteth his with child 222. Edenbrugh Castle gaged to the king of England 439.40 Edrick Nephew to Lothorer 186.23 Edrick succeedeth Lothore in the kingdome of Kent 186.47 Edrick slayne in ciuil warre 186.55 Edward and Godwyn beyng readie to ioyne in battaile vpon the sea are seuered by a myst 273.20 Edward sendeth forth a Name to the sea against Godwyn 273.5 273.39 Edulfe ordeined Byshop of Kirton 223.58 Edsinus Archbyshop
words vnto king Henry the second 461.16 Hercules why he pursueth his cousins the sonnes of Neptune 5.92 Hercules by Moses called Laabin 5.103 Hercules slayeth Albion and Bergion in Gallia 6.14 Hercules commeth into Britaine 6.48 Hercules PromontoriuÌ„ 6.56 Hengistenton battaile fought by the English men agaynst the Danes and Welchmen 204.74 Henry the third is a stickler betwixt two Earles 749.73 Henry the third his halfe brethren depart the Realme priuily 752.6 Henry the thyrd summoneth a Parliament to be holden in the Towre of London but is refused by the Barons 759 40. Henry the thyrd eldest sonne to kyng Iohn â–ª begynneth to reigne 608.1 he is crowned and annoynted king 608 67. Henry the third openly charged in Parlament of many matters 719.11 Henry the third dryuen to sel his Plate and Iewels for want of money 719.52 Henrye the thyrd taketh vppon him the crosse 722.7 Henry the the third bindeth him selfe to great inconuenience 736.60 Henry the third lieth in waight for mens goddes 740.72 Henry the second comming to Canterburie maketh his prayers to Archbyshop Thomas Becket 435 66. Henry Huntington cited 275.86 Helene findeth out the Sepulchre of the Lord at Hierusalem 91 106. Helene Empresse her three Vncles made Senatours of Rome 92.75 Helene the Empresse dieth 94.16 Henry the first loth to incurre the danger of Archbyshop Anselmes curse 350 56. Henry the first his excuse for keeping the Archbyshopricke of Canterburie in his hands 351.83 Henry the first inuadeth Wales with a myghty armie 352 38. Henrie the first goeth ouer with a great power to aide Theobald Erle of Champeigne against the Frenchmen 355.14 Henry the first hurt in battaile against the Frenchmen 355 114. Henrie the first marrieth Adelicia daughter to the Duke of Lauayne 358.26 Henrie the first and the Realme accursed by the Pope 358.35 Henry made byshop of Winchester 359.40 Henry the fourth Emperour 191.19 William Earle of Henalt dieth 904.50 b. William Earle of Henalt defieth the French king 907.50 b. gathered a power agaynst the Duke of Normandie 909.17 b. Henrie the fifth proclaymed pag. 1165. col 2. lin 1. coronation lin 17. sayled into Fraunce pag. 1174. col 2. lin 23. besieged Harâ—â—ue pag. 1174. col 2. lin 38. Harâ—â—ue yeelded pag. 1176. col 1. lin 9. besieged Tougue pag. 1187. col 1. lin 57. besieged Caene in Normandie pag. 1187. col 2. lin 41. tooke Caene in Normandie pag. 1188. col 1. lin 40. Henrie Checheley Archbyshop of Canterburie his Oration pag. 1168. col 2. lin 21. Herbinger to Earle Eustace of Bologne slayne at Canterburie 270.88 Henry Fitzempresse returneth into England once more to trye his fortune for that kingdome 386.53 Henrie Fitzempresse and king Stephan conclude an agreement 387.77 389.27 Henrie the third Emperour maketh warre vpon Baldwyn Earle of Flaunders 270.56 Henry the fifte tooke the Castle of Coursey pag. 1190. col 1 lin 2. besieged Faleys col 2. lin 30. married Katharine daughter to the French king pag. 1204. col 2. lin 36. receyued into Paris with procession pag. 1210. col 2. lin 52. Regent of Fraunce pag. 1211. col 1. li. 45. returneth into England pag. 1211. col 2. lin 38. sayleth into FrauÌ„ce pag. 1213. col 1. lin 43. pursueth the Dolphin pa. 1213. col 2. lin 43. falleth sicke pa. 1216. col 2. lin 10. departed this lyfe pa. 1217. co 1. li. 32 his commendation lin 35. Henry the sixt borne pag. 1214 col 1. lin 53. Henry sonne to king William made knight at Westminster 314.18 Henry Huntingdon cited 319.18 and. 340.46 Henrie sonne to Robert king of Almaiâ—â— slayne at Viterbo in Italie 781.15 Henry the third his issue and stature of bodie 783.28 Hyde of land conteyneth an hundred Acres 535.68 Heathe Nicolas Archbyshop of Yorke made Lord Chauncellour 1764.33 moueth the Parlament to proclaime the Lady Elizabeth Queen after the disease of her sister 1784 53. is depriued of his Archbyshopricke 1802.42 Houses vpon London bridge burnt 574.24 Hanging appoynted for theeues 363.107 Henry Fitzempresse marrieth Elianor Duches of Guyen 384.99 Helene a great setter foorth of Gods honour and of the Christian fayth 91.101 Herodianus cited 79.39 and. 79.58 Henry the third holdeth his Christmas at Oxforde 618.30 Henry Grace the Dieu a shippe built 1476.23 Duke of Hereforde accuseth the Duke of Norfolke 1098 40. b. he is banished 1101.7 b. is honorably entertained in Fraunce 1101.47 b. Hengist returneth into Britaine with a myghtie armie 117.70 Henrie the .ii. licenced to crowne which of his sonnes he lysted kyng of Ireland 462.16 Henry Duke of Buckingham a setter forward of the false deuice of Richard the third now conspireth against hym pag. 1401. col 2. line 6. fleeth pag. 1402. col 1. lin 48. his confederates flee into Britayne to Henry Earle of Richmond col 2. lin 11. he is betrayed by his false seruant pag. 1403. col 1. lin 15. beheaded at Salisburie col 2. lin 30. Herbert Earle slayne by the Danes and his armie chased 206.86 Hennimus Duke of Cornwal marrieth Gonorilla eldest daughter to Leir 19.93 Hennimus Duke of Cornewal discomfited and slayne 20.55 Henry Fitzempresse departeth ouer Scaro his Father 381 50. Hely king of Britaine and Father to Lud. 33.58 Henning a Danish Captayne 244.113 Heraclius Emperour 165.90 Henry eldest sonne to king Henrie the second committed to Thomas Becket the Archbyshop to bee brought vp 401.64 Henrie the first dyeth and is buryed at Reading 363.42 Henrie the first his issue and qualities 362.55 Henry Earle of Champaigne made king of Ierusalem 504.62 Hereferd Bishop of Winchester slaine 204.65 Helig what it signifieth 33.70 Henry the second sendeth ambassadours to the Frenche king not to receiue Thomas Becket Archbishop into his Realme 406.42 Henry the first being in danger of drownyng maketh vowes for his safetie 362.60 Henry the thyrd commaundeth the Castle of Mountsorel to to be eased downe to the ground 614.27 Henry the thyrde sworne to his Barons 616.35 Henry youngest sonne to kyng William besieged in the castle of Mount S. Michael in Normandie 321.88 Henry recoÌ„ciled to his brothers William Rufus king of England and Robert Duke of Normandie 321.106 Hestritha sister to king Eâ—â—te maryed to Richard Duke of Normandie 259.55 Heyre apparant proclaymed 1050.15 b. Henry the second sendeth ambassadours to the Pope to excuse hym selfe and to accuse Thomas Becket Archbishop of Cantorbury 406 55. Hector Boetius his common fault 34.67 Hey Castle made plaine with the ground 445.20 Helias captaine of the siege before Maus taken brought to king WilliaÌ„ Rufus 329 82. Helias by meanes of his bolde words is set at libertie 329 93. Henry sonne to king Dauid of Scotland sweareth fealtie to king Stephen of England and is made Earle of Huntington 367.18 Henry Karle of Huntington with his army vanquished and put to flight 371.1 Herlowin a Noble man of Normandie 323.31 Henry Duke of Lancaster dieth 968.22 b. Henry the third crowned kyng at Westminster 617.68 Henry Huntington cited 142.67 and. 154.77 and. 216
assigned to Cunidagius This pertition chanced in the yeere of the World .3170 before the building of Rome .47 Vzia as yet raigning in Iuda Ieroboam in Israel Afterwards these two cousins Cunedag and MargaÌ„ had not raigned thus past a two yeares but thorough some seditious persons Margan was perswaded to reise warre against Cunedag telling him in his eare howe it was a shame for him being come of the elder sister not to haue the rule of the whole I le in his hande Herevpon ouercome with pride ambition couetousnesse he reised an army â—…argan inâ—â—deth his â—â—usin Cuneâ—â—g entring into y e land of Cunedag he breÌ„ued destroyed y e couÌ„trey before him in miserable maner Cunedag in all hast to resist his aduersarie assembled also al y e power he could make comming with the same against Margan gaue him battell in the which be slew a great nuÌ„ber of MargaÌ„s people and put y e residue to flight and furthermore pursued him from countrey to couÌ„trey till hee came into Cambria nowe called Wales where y e said Margan gaue him eftsones a new battell but beeing too weake in number of men â—…argan is â—â—yne he was there ouercome slaine in y e field by reason wherof y t countrey tooke name of him being there slaine 〈◊〉 VVest and so is called to this day Glau MargaÌ„ which is to meane in our English tong Margans land This was the end of that Margan after hee had raigned with his brother two yeres or thereaboutes AFter the death of Margan Cunedagius the son of HeÌ„nius Ragay middlemost daughter of Leir Cunedagius â—…lone before mentioned became Ruler of all the whole laÌ„d of Britayne in y e yere of y e World 3172. before the building of Rome .45 Vzia still raigning in Iuda and Ieroboam in Israell He gouerned this I le wel honorably for the tearme of .xxxiij. yeeres And then dying his body was buried at Troynouant or LondoÌ„ Moreouer our writers do reporte that hee builded also three teÌ„ples one to Mars at Perth in Scotland another to Mercury at Bangor and the thirde to Apollo in Cornewall Ryuall the .13 Ruler Riual RIuallon the son of Cunedag â–ª began to raign ouer y e Britaines in the yere of the world 3203. before the building of Rome .15 Ibathan as then beeing King of Iuda and Phacea king of Israel This Ryuall gouerned the lande in greate wealth and prosperitie It rayned bloud Mat. VVest In his time it raigned bloud by the space of three dayes togither After which raigne ensued such an exceding nuÌ„ber and multitude of flies so noysome and contagious that muche people died by reason thereof When he haâ—… 〈…〉 yeeres he died â–ª was bâ—â—â—ed at â—…aerâ—…ranke nowe called Yorke In y e time of this Ryuals raigne Rome builded was the Citie of Rome builded after the accordance of most parte of writers Perdix also a wisehart and a learned Astrologian florrisheth writeth his prophecies and Hâ—â—â—ne also Gurgust the .14 Ruler GVrgustius Gurgustâ—â—â— the son of the beforenamed Riuall beganne to gouerne the Britaynes in the yeere after the CreatioÌ„ of the world .3249 and after the first foundation of Rome .33 Eâ—…echias raigning in Iuda This Gurgustius in y e Chronicle of England is called Gordodian the sonne of Reignald he raigned .37 yeres then departing this life was buried at Caerbranke now called Yorke by hys father Sysillius the .15 Ruler SYsillius Sysillius or after some writers Siluius the brother of Gurgustius was chosen to haue the gouernance of Britayne in the yeere of the worlde .3287 and after the building of Rome .71 Manasses still raigning in Iuda This Sisillius in the English Chronicle is named Sezil He raigned 40. yeeres and then died and was buried at Carbadon now called Bath Iago the .16 Ruler IAgo or Lago y e cousin of Gurgustius Iago as next inheritor to Sisillius tooke vpon hym the gouernemente of Britayne in the yeere of the world .3336 and after y e building of Rome .120 in whose time the Citie of Ierusalem was takeÌ„ by Nabuchodonozor and the King of Iuda Maâ—…hania otherwise called Zedechias being slaine â–ª This Iago or Lago dyed without issue when hee had raigned eyghâ—… and twentie yeeres and was buried at Yorke Kinimak the 17. Ruler KInimacus or Kinmacus y e son of Sicilius as some write Kinimak or rather y e brother of Iago began to gouerne y e laÌ„d of Britayne in the yere of the World .3364 and after the buildyng of Rome .148 the Iewes as then being in y e third yeere of their captiuitie of Babilon This Kinimachus departed this life after hee hadde raigned .54 yeeres and was buried at Yorke Gorbodug the .18 Ruler GOrbodug the sonne of Kinimacus begaÌ„ his raigne ouer the Britaynes Gorbodug in the yeere after the creation of the world 3418. from the buildyng of y e Citie of Rome .202 the Iewes beeing in the 58. of their captiuitie at Babilon This Gorbodug by most likelyhoode to bring histories to accord should raigne aboute the tearme of .63 yeeres and then departing thys world was buried at London leauing after hym two sonnes Ferrex and Porrex or after some writers Ferreus and Porreus Ferrex the .19 Ruler After this folowed a troubleous season full of cruell warre seditious discord whereby in the ende and for the space of fiftie yeres the gouernemente of the Ilande was deuided betwixt fiue Kings or rulers till Dunwallon of Cornewall ouercame them all Thus the line of Brute after the affirmance of most writers tooke an ende for after the death of the two foresayde brethren no rightful inheritor was left aliue to succeede them in the Kingdome The names of these fiue Kings are found in certaine olde pedigrees Robert â—â—corde and although the same be muche corrupted in dyuers copies yet these are the most agreeablest Rudacus King of VVales Clotenus King of Cornewall Pinnor King of Loegria Staterus King of Albania Yewan King of Northumberlande But of these fiue Kings or Dukes the English Chronicle alloweth Cloton king of Cornewale for most rightfull heire There appeareth not any time certayne by report of auncient Authors howe long this variaunce continued amongst the Britaynes Fab. but as some late writers haue gessed it should continue for the space of .51 yeeres Ciuill 〈◊〉 51 yeeres coniecturing so much by that which is recorded in Policron who sayth how it did continue euen till the beginning of the raigne of Mulmutius Dunwallo who began to gouerne from the time that Brute first entred Britayne about the space of seuen hundred and three yeeres Heere ye must note y t there is differeÌ„ce amoÌ„gst writers about y e supputation accompt of these yeeres in somuch y t some making their reckoning after certain writers and finding y e same to vary aboue three C. yeeres are brought into further doubt of the troth of
the whole historie but where other haue by diligent search tryed out the continuance of euery gouernors raigne and reduced the same to a likelyhoode of some conformitie I haue thought best to follow the same leauing the credite thereof with the firste Authours as I haue sayd before Mulmuâ—…ius the first crowned King of Britayne M.W. â—…awes made He also made many good lawes the whyche were long after vsed called Mulmutius lawes turned out of the Brittish speech into the Latine by Gildas Priscus and long time after traÌ„slated out of Latine into Englishe by Alfrede Kyng of England and mingled in his estatutes Moreouer this Mulmutius gaue priuileges to Temples to ploughes to Cities and to high wayes leading to the same so that whosoeuer fled to them should be in safegard from bodily harme and from thence he might depart into what couÌ„trey he would without indemnitie of his person Some authors write Caxton and â—…olicron that hee began to make the foure great high wayes of Britayne the whyche were finished by his sonne Belinus as after shall be declared The Chronicle of EnglaÌ„d affirmeth that this Mulmutius whom y e olde booke nameth Molle builded y e two townes Malmesbery Malmesbery â—…nd the Viâ—…s â—…uilt the Vies After he had established his land set his Britons in good conuenient order The first King that was crowâ—…ed with a goldeÌ„ Crowne he ordeyned him by y e aduice of his Lords a Crowne of golde and caused himselfe with great soleÌ„nitie to be Crowned according to the custome of the Pagan laws then in vse and bycause he was the first that bare Crowne heere in Britayne after the opinion of some writers he is named the first King of Britayne and al the other before rehearsed are named Rulers Dukes or Gouernors Amongst other of his ordinances Polid. Weightes and measures Theft punished Fab. he appoynted weightes and measures with the which men should buy sell And further he deuised sore and streight orders for the punishing of theft Finally after he had guided the land by the space of fortie yeeres he died and was buried in the foresayde Temple of peace which he had erected within the citie of Troynouant nowe called London as before ye haue heard Appoynting in his life tyme that his kingdome should be deuided betwixt his two sonnes Brennus Belinus as some men do coniecture Belinus and Brennus the sonnes of Mulmucius In the meane time Brenne aduertized hereof assembled a great nauie of Ships well furnished with people and Souldiers of the Norwegians with the whiche he tooke his course homewardes but in the way he was encountred by Guilthdacus king of Denmarke Guilthdacus King of Denmarke the whiche had layen loÌ„g in awaite for him bycause of y e yong Lady whiche Bren had married for whom he had bin a sutor to hir father Elsing of long time WheÌ„ these two fleetes of y e Danes NorwegiaÌ„s met there was a sore battell betwixte them but finally the Danes ouercame them of Norway and tooke y e Ship wherein the new Bride was conueyed and then was she brought aboorde y e Ship of Guilthdachus Brenne escaped by flighte as well as hee might But when Guilthdachus had thus obtained the victory pray sodaynly thervpon rose a sore teÌ„pest of winde weather A tempest which escattered the Danishe fleete and put the King in daunger to haue bin lost but finally within fiue dayes after Guithdachus â—…anded in the North. being driuen by force of winde he landed in Northumberland with a fewe suche Shippes as kept togither with him When Beline had thus expelled his brother and was alone possessed of all the land of Brittaine he firste confirmed the lawes made by hys father and for so much as the foure wayes begun by his father were not brought to perfection The foure high wayes finished hee therefore caused workmen to be called foorth and assembled whom he set in hand to paue the sayde wayes with stone for the better passage and ease of all that should trauell through the countreyes from place to place as occasioÌ„ shuld require The first of these foure wayes is named Fosse The Fosse stretcheth from the South into the North beginning at y e corner of Totnesse in Cornewaile so passing forth by Deuonshire and Somersetshire by Tutbery on Cotteswold then forwarde beside Couentrie vnto Leicester from thence by wilde playnes toward Newarke Watling Streete endeth at the Citie of Lincoln The second way was named Watling streete the which stretcheth ouerthwart the Fosse out of the Southeast into the Northeast beginning at Douer and passing by the middle of Kent ouer Thames beside London by West of Westminster as some haue thought so forth by S. Albanes by y e West side of Dunstable Stratford Toucester and Wedon by south of Lilleborne by Atherston Gilberts hill that nowe is called the Wreken and so forth by Seuerne passing beside Worcester vnto Stratton to the middle of Wales and so vnto a place called Cardigan at the Irish sea â—…ing street The thirde waye was named Erming-streete the which stretched out of the west northwest vnto the east southeast and begynneth at Monenia the which is in Saint Dauids lande in west Wales and so vnto Southampton â—…nelstreete The fourth and last way hight Hikenelstreete which leadeth by Worcester Winchcomb Birmingham Lichfield Darby Chesterfielde and by Yorke and so forth vnto Tinmouth â—…iuiledges â—…unted to 〈◊〉 wayes And after he had caused these wayes to be wel and sufficiently reysed and made hee confirmed vnto them all suche priuileges as were graunted by his father In this meane tyme that Beline was thus occupied about the necessarie affayres of his realm and kingdome his brother Brenne that was fled into Gallia onely with .xij. persons bycause hee was a goodly Gentleman and seemed to vnderstande what apperteyned to honour grew shortly into fauor with Seginus the Duke afore mentioned and declaring vnto him his aduersitie and the whole circumstaunce of his mishap at length was so highly cherished of the sayde Seginus deliting in such worthie qualities as he saw in him dayly appearing â—…renne maryâ—…th the duke of â—…he Alobroges daughter that he gaue to him his daughter in maryage with condition that if he dyed without issue Male then shoulde he inherite his estate and Dukedome and if it happened him to leaue and heyre Male behinde him then shoulde he yet helpe him to recouer his lande and dominion in Brytaine bereft froÌ„ him by his brother These conditions well and surely vppon the Dukes part by the assent of the Nobles of his lande concluded ratified and assured the sayde Duke within the space of one yeare after dyed And then after a certaine time it beeing knowne that the Duches was not with childe all the Lords of that Countrey did homage vnto Bren receyuing him as their Lorde and supreme
time by reason of the Alarme raised was gote vp and taking to him his sword in that suddayne fright by chance it fell out of the scabbard so that he could not finde it but calling to God and S. Aldelme as saith Polichron Ran. Higd. his sword was restored to the scabbard againe The King comforted with that miracle boldly preassed foorth vpon his enimies and so valiauntly resisted them that in the ende he put them to flight and chased them all that morning and day following so that hee slewe of them an huge number Some haue written that Constantine Kyng of Scottes was slayne at this ouerthrowe VVil. Malm. The enimies discomfited and fine other small Kyngs or Rulers with .12 Dukes and welneere all the army of those straunge nations whiche Aulafe had gathered togither But the Scottish Chronicles affirme that Constantine was not there himself but sent his son Malcolme which yet escaped sore hurt and wounded from this battell as in the same Chronicles yee may see more at large When Kyng Adelstane had thus vanquished his enimies in the North parties of England Ran. Higd. he went against them of Northwales whose Rulers and Princes he caused to come before him at Hereford and there handled them in suche sorte that they couenaunted with him to pay yeerely in name of a Tribute twentie pounde of golde Tribute three hundred pounde of siluer and fiue and twētie hundred head of Neate with Hawkes and Houndes to a certayne number After this hee subdued also the Cornishmen and whereas till those dayes they inhabited the Citie of Exeter The Cornishmen subdued mingled amongst the Englishmen so that the one nation was as strong within that Citie as the other he ridde them quite out of the same and repaired the walles Exeter repaired and fortified them with ditches and turrets as the maner then was and so remoued the Cornishmen further into the West partes of the countrey that hee made Tamer water to be the confines betweene the Englishmen and them Finally 940 Simon Dun. The decesse of K. Athelstane this noble Prince King Adelstane departed out of this world the sixe and twēty day of October after he hadde raigned the tearme of sixteene yeres His body was buried at Malmesbury He was of stature such The description of Kyng Athelstane as exceeded not the common sort of mē and stowped somewhat yellow heared for his valiancie ioyned with curtesey beloued of al men yet sharp against Rebels of inuincible constancie his greate deuotion toward y e Church appeared in y e building adorning and endewing of Monasteries and Abbeyes He builte one at Wilton within the diocesse of Salisbury and an other at Michelney in Sommersetshire But besides these foundations there were few famous Monasteries within this land but that hee adorned the same eyther with some new peece of buylding Iewels bookes or portion of lands Wolstan Archbishop of Yorke He had in exceeding fauour Wolstane Archbishop of Yorke that liued in his dayes for whose sake he greatly enriched that Bishopricke His fame spred ouer all the parties of Europa His estimation in foraine Realmes so that sundry Princes thought themselues happy if they might haue his friendship eyther by affinitie or otherwise by meanes whereof he bestowed his sisters so highly in marriage as before ye haue heard Hee receyued many noble and riche presents from diuers Princes as from Hugh K. of Fraunce Horses and sundry riche Iewels with certaine reliques as Constantines sworde in the hilte whereof was set one of the nayles wherewith Christ was fastned to y e Crosse The Speare of Charles the great which was thought to be the same with whiche the side of our Sauiour was pearced The banner of Saint Maurice with a part of the holy Crosse and likewise a part of the thorned Crowne yet Mandeuile sawe the one halfe of this Crowne in Fraunce and the other at Constantinople almost .400 yeares after this time as he writeth Of these Iewels K. Adelstane gaue parte to the Abbey of S. Swithune at Winchester and part to the Abbey of Malmesbury Moreouer the King of Norway sent vnto him a goodly ship of fine workmanshippe with sterne gilt and purple sayles furnished rounde about the decke withinfurth with a rowe of gilte pauises In the dayes of this Adelstane raigned that worthy Guy Earle of Warwike who as some writers haue recorded Harding fought with a mighty Giaunt of the Danes in a singular combate and vanquished him Edmonde Edmōd AFter that Adelstane was departed this lyfe without leauing issue behind to succeede hym in the Kingdome his brother Edmond sonne of Edward the elder borne of his last wife Edgiue tooke vpon him the gouernment of this land VVil. Malm. 940 and beganne his raigne in the yere of our Lord .940 which was in the fifth yere of the Emperour Otho the first in the .13 of Lewis Simon Dun. surnamed transmarinus K. of France and about the .38 yeare of Cōstantine y e third K. of Scotland The Danes of Northumberlād rebelled against this Edmōd and ordeyned Aulafe to bee their K. whome they had called out of Ireland Some write that thys Aulafe which now in the beginning of king Edmonds raigne came into Northumberland was King of Norwey and hauing a greate power of men with him hee marched foorthe towardes the South parties of this lande in purpose to subdue the whole but K. Edmonde raysed a mighty army and encoūtred with his enimies at Lecester But ere the matter came to the vttermost triall of Mars his iudgement through the earnest sute of the Archbishop of Canterbury and Yorke Odo Wolstan a peace was concluded A peace concluded so as Edmond should enioy all that part of the land whiche lieth from Watling streete Southwarde and Aulafe shoulde enioy the other parte as it lieth from the same streete Northward Then Aulafe tooke to wife the Lady Alditha daughter to Earle Ormus by whose coūsell and assistance he had thus obteyned the vpper hande 941 Math. VVest Aulafe deceasseth Another Aulafe taketh vppon him to rule But this Aulafe in the yere folowing after he had destroyed the Church of Saint Balter and brenned Tynningham hee departed this life Then the other Aulafe that was sonne to Kyng Sithricke tooke vppon hym to gouerne the Northumbers After this in the yere .942 King Edmond assembling an army firste subdued those Danes which had gote into their possessiō the Cities and Townes of Lincolne Lecester Derby Stafford and Notingham constreyning them to receyue the Christian fayth and reduced all the countreis euen vnto Humber vnder his subiection Thys done Aulafe and Reignold the sonne of Gurmo Gurmo or Godfrey VVil. Malm. the which as you haue heard subdued Yorke for meane y e sooner to obteyn peace offered to become Christians and to submit themselues vnto him wherevpon he receyued them to his peace There be that write that
fayre promises perceyued the same to tende only to this ende that the league betwixt the French men and Scottes might be once clearly broken and then to vse the matter as occasion shoulde serue their turne This matter therefore being proponed before the Counsell it was concluded that in no wyse the sayde league betwixt the Frenche men and Scottes should be dissolued and so therevpon the English Ambassadors were dispatched without more talke concerning that matter In the same yeare that is to wit .1433 1433 George Erle of March arested and put in warde the king caused George Dunbar Earle of March sonne to that Erle which rebelled agaynst his father King Robert the thirde to be arested and put in safe keeping within the Castell of Edenbourgh He sent also the Earle of Angus with his Chauncellor William Creichtoun and Adam Hepborne of Hales to the Castell of Dunbar deliuering them letters signed with his hande and directed to the keepers of the sayde Castell that they should deliuer vp the house immediatly vpoÌ„ sight of those his letters vnto the bringers of the same The keepers durst not disobey his commaundement but suffered them to enter according to theyr commission A Parliament at Perth Within a tweluemonth after a Parliament was holden at Perth where the foresayd George Earle of March was disinherited of al his landes and liuings for his fathers offence committed agaynst king Robert the thirde The Erle of March disinherited Thus the house of the Dunbars lost the Erledome of March wherein the same had flourished so many yeares togither to the great defence and safegarde of the realme of Scotland on that side against both ciuill and forraine enimies The Erledome of Buchquhan giuen to George Dunbar The king yet moued with some pitie toward so noble a linage within short time after gaue the Erledome of Buchquban to the said George and after the Kings deceasse the Lordes of the Councell thinking the same to little assigned forth to him and to his sonne Patrike the summe of foure hundred markes yearely to be receyued out of a parcell of his owne auncient inheritance of the Erledome of March to enioy the same till Iames the second came to full age 1435 The death of Alexander Stewarde Earle of Mar. In the yeare .1435 Alexander Steward Erle of Mar departed out of this life This Alexander was a Bastard sonne of the Erle of Buchquhan that was one of the sonnes of king Robert the seconde He was a man of right singular prowes and in his youth following the warres was with Philip Duke of Burgoigne at the siege of Liege or Luik Leodiuâ—â— where he bare himselfe so manfully that few wanne the like honor at that iourney Not long after to his high aduauncement he got in mariage the Ladie Iacoba Countes of Hollande Notwithstanding he continued but a while with hir being enforced to forgo hir companie eyther for that she had an other husband either for that the inhabitants woulde not suffer a straunger to raigne ouer them After his returne into Scotlande he sent messengers into Hollande Warres betwixt the Erle of Mar and the Hollanders requyring to haue the issues and profites of such lands as were due vnto him in right of the sayde Countesse his wife but receyuing nought but a frowarde answere hee prouided him of shippes and made sore warres on the Hollanders by sea first being put to the worse but at length he tooke a nuÌ„ber of their ships laden with Marchandize as they were returning homewardes from Dantzicke Truce betwixt the Scots and Hollanders for terme of one hundred yere The Mariners were drowned and the ships burnt Through which losse the Hollanders being sore abashed fell to a composition wyth him and tooke truce with the Scottes for an hundred yeares This Earle of Mar so long as he lyued had the gouernaunce of the North partes of Scotlande vnder king Iames the first for he was a right prudent person aswell in warlike enterprises as in ciuill administration Stood Mares brought out of Hungarie into Scotlande for breede He brought forth of Hungarie sundrie great Horses and Mares for generation that by suche meanes the countrey might be prouided of great horses of their own race where til that time there was none bred within Scotland but smal nags more meet to serue for iourneying hackneis than for any seruice in the warres Not long before this time Ambassadors out of Denmarke there came an Ambassade from the King of Denmarke vnto king Iames requiring him to make payment of such yearely tribute as was due to the sayde king of Denmark being also king of Norway Their request for the westerne Iles according to the promise and agreement made by Alexander sometime king of Scotland the thirde of that name vnto his predecessor Magnus at that time king of Norway The Ambassadours that came with this message were honourably receyued and in like sort enterteyned by king Iames who at their departure gaue to theÌ„ sundry rich gifts and appointed sir William Creichtoun to goe with them into Denmarke Sir William Creighton sent into Denmark Ambassadour from him to the king there who vsed himselfe so sagely in this businesse which he thus went about that renuing the olde league betwixt the two Realmes of Denmarke and Scotlande Peace and amitie betwixt Scotland and Denmarke stedfast peace and assured amitie without any more ado thereof ensued Much what about the same time there came Ambassadors from the French king Charles the vij Ambassadours â—â—th of France not onely desiring to haue the olde league betwixt France and Scotland to be ratified at that present by a new confirmation The old league â—…erâ—…ed betwixt France and Scotland but also to confyrme the same with better assurance Margaret eldest daughter to King Iames at request of the sayde King Charles The Dolphin marieth Margaret daughter to K Iames. was giuen in mariage vnto Lewes the Dolphin and eldest sonne to the sayde king Charles Many great Lordes of Scotlande were appoynted to haue the conueyaunce of hir into Fraunce and great prouision of shippes made for that voyage English men â—… in awayte for the Scottish fleete bycause the king was aduertised that the English men had a fleete abrode on the seas to take hir if they might meete with hir by the way But as the hap fel it chaunced the same time as the Scottish shippes shoulde passe there appeared on the coast of England a great fleete of Spaniardes The English men encounter a fleet of Spaniardes which the English men supposing to be the Scots they came vpon them with lxxx vessels of one and other thinking verely to haue had theyr wished pray euen according to theyr expectation but beeing receyued with as hote a storme as they brought they quickly vnderstoode how they were in a wrong boxe and so shrewdly amazed as Hector Boetius hath they susteyned
This Earle of good meaning Pierce Butler and Margaret Fitz Girald espoused to vnite the houses in friendship matched his sister Margaret Fitz Giralde with Pierce Butler Earle of Ossorie whome he also help to recouer y e Erledome of Ormond into the which after the deceasse of the Earle Iames a Basterde Butler had by abatement intruded Greate and manifolde were the miseries the Lady Margaret susteyned hir husband Pierce Butler beeing so egrely pursued by the vsurper as hee durst not beare vp head but was forced to houer and lurke in Wooddes and Forrestes The noble woman being great with childe and vppon necessitie constreyned to vse a spare dyet for hir onely sustenaunce was milke she longed sore for wine and calling hyr Lorde and a trusty seruaunte of hys Iames White Iames White vnto hir shee requested them both to helpe hyr to some Wyne for shee was not able any longer to endure so streight a life Truely Margaret quoth the Earle of Ossorie thou shalt haue store of Wine within thys foure and twentie houres or else thou shalte feede alone on milke for me The nexte daye following Pierce hauyng intelligence that hys enimie the bace Butler woulde haue trauayled from Donmore to Kilkennie notwithstanding hee were accompanyed with syxe horsemenne yet Pierce hauyng none but hys Lackey did forstalle hym in the way and with a couragious charge The Basterde Butler slayne◅ gored the Basterd through with his speare Thys prosperous calme succeeding the former boysterous storme the Lady Margaret began to take hearte hir naturall stoutenesse floted as well by the remembraunce of hir noble birth as by the intelligence of hir honorable match Kildare all this while kept in authoritie notwithstanding the pushes giuen againste him by secrete heauers that enuyed his fortune and sought to nourish the olde grudge was at lēgth by their priuie packing Kildare sent for into England fetched vp to the Court of Englande by commission and caused hym to bee examined vppon dyuers interrogatories touching the affayres of Irelande Maurice Fitz Thomas Lord Iustice Hee left in hys roomth Maurice Fitz Thomas of Lackragh Lorde Iustice and shortly after came ouer Lorde Lieutenaunt Thomas Howarde Earle of Surrey who was after Duke of Northfolke Surrey Lord Lieutenant of Irelande 1521 Grandfather to the last Duke accompanyed with two hundred yeomen of the Crowne before whome shortly after his repaire thither there was a Parliamente holden at Dublin A Parliamente holden at Dublin in whiche there past an acte that al wilful burning of corne as wel in reekes in the fields as in Villages and Townes shuld be high treason Item an acte agaynste lodyng wolles and floxe vppon payne of forfayture of the double value of the same the one halfe to the Kyng and the other halfe to him that will sue therefore Item that any person seised of lands rentes or tenementes in possession or in vse vnto the yerely value of tenne markes aboue the charges in fee simple fee tayle or for tearme of lyfe copy holde or aunciente demeane shall passe in euery attaint While the Lord Lieutenante sate at dynner in the Castle of Dublin The Moores in Rebellion hee hearde newes that the Moores with a mayne army were euen at the entrie of the bordures readye to inuade the English pale Immediately menne were leuyed by Iohn Fitz Simons Iohn Fitz Simons then Maior of Dublin and the nexte morrowe ioyning them to his hande the Lieutenant marched towardes the Frontiers of Leixe The Moores vppon the Lieutenant hys approche seuered themselues into sundry companies and vnderstandyng that the carriage was dragging after the army and slenderly māned certayne of them charged the Lieutenante hys seruauntes and suche of the Citizens as were appoynted to guarde the carriage Patricke Fitz Simons a strong sturdy yonker Patricke Fitz Simons kept the enimies such tacke as he seazed part of them away rescued the carriage slewe two of the Rebelles and broughte their heads wyth him to maister Maior his tent The next morning two of the Lieutenaunte his men that slunke away from Fitz Simons thinking that the carriage had bin lost aduertised their Lorde that Fitz Simons fledde away and the Moores were so many in companie as it had bin but folly for two to bicker with so great a number The Lieutenante posted in a rage to the Maior his pauilion telling hym that his man Fitz Simons was a cowardly Traytor in rūning away when hee shoulde haue defended the carriage What am I my Lord quoth Patricke Fitz Simons skipping in his shirt out of the tente with both the heads in his hand My Lorde I am no cowarde I stoode to my tacklings when your men gaue me the slippe I rescued the carriage and haue heere sufficiente tokens of my manhoode tumbling downe both the heads Saist thou so Fitz Simons quoth the Lieutenant I crie thee mercie and by this George A valiant wish I woulde to God it had bin my good bap ▪ to haue bin in thy companie in that skirmish So drinking to Fitz Simons in a bolle of wine and honorably rewarding him for his good seruice he returned to his pauiliō where hauing knowledge of Omore his recule he pursued him with a troupe of horsemen The Lieutenant thus passing forward The Earle of Surrey in daunger to haue bin slai◅ was espyed by a gunner of Omores who lodged close in a woodde side and watching hys time hee discharged his peece at the verye face of the Lieutenante strake the viser off hys helmet and pierced no further as God would This did he retchlesse in manner what became of himselfe so hee might amaze the armye for a time and surely hereby he brake the swiftnes of their following and aduantaged the flight of his Captaine which thing hee wanne with the price of his owne bloud For the Souldyers would no further till they hadde ransackt all the nookes of thys woodde verily suspecting some ambush thereabout and in seueral knottes ferretted out thys gunner Fitz Williams Bedlowe whome Fitz Williams and Bedlowe of the Roche were fayne to mangle and hew in peeces bycause the wretche would neuer yeelde In the meane whyle 1523 Surrey sent for home defyance was proclaymed with Fraunce and Scotlande both at once whiche moued the Kyng to call home Surrey out of Irelande that hee myghte employ hym in those warres Hys prowesse integritie good nature and course of gouernement the Countrey muche commended Piers Butler Earle of Ossory Piers Butler Earle of Ossorie Lord Deputie was appoynted Lorde Deputie In the meane time Kildare attending the King his pleasure for his dispatche recouered fauoure through the instance of the Marques Dorset whose daughter dame Elizabeth Grey he espoused and so departed home 1524 Robert Talbot of Belgard Now was partaker of all y e Deputies counsell one Roberte Talbot of Belgarde whome the Giraldines deadly hated him they procured to keepe a Kalender of all
denyed the Nobles and other estates excusing the pouertie amongest all degrees of menne A subsedie demaunded and denied by many euident reasons Herevpon the Byshop of Winchester beeing a verye eloquent and well languaged man The Bishop of Winchesters counsell giuen to the king openly counsayleth the King to fauour his people whome hee had alreadie made poore and bare with continuall trybutes and exactions and if so it were that hee stoode in suche neede as was alledged that then he shoulde take into his hands again such possessions and things which during the time of his yong yeares hee had bestowed vpon his seruants without any good aduised consideration for lacke of rype iudgement and discretion and againe to take from certaine couetous persons who now were become Horsleches and Caterpyllers in the common welth all such offices as they helde and had verie much abvsed causing them to yeelde vp their accountes and to vse theÌ„ after the maner of sponges so that where hee had in tymes past made them full of moysture he might nowe wring them drie following herein the example of Vespasian And by this meanes it was not to be doubted but he shuld haue ynough of his owne without doing iniury to any man The king followeth the Bishop of Winchesters counsaile The king gaue verie good eare to the Byshoppes wordes and following his counsayle caused his receyuers treasurers and other suche as had medled wyth any of his receytes to come to a reckening And vnderstanding by the Auditours appoynted to take theyr accountes that the most parte of them had receyued much more and by other meanes than they had entred into theyr reckening he compelled them to restore it out of hand with interest Also he caused the Magistrates to be called to a reckening and many of them beeing conuicted of fraude were condemned to make restitution And amoÌ„g other Mat. Par. Ranulfe Brytainer Peter de Riuales Reynulf BrytoÌ„ treasorer of his chamber was put beside his office fined at M. markes in whose place was set Peter de Riuales or after some copies de Oruiales a Poictouin nephew or rather son to the Bishop of Winchester by whose aduice the king tooke a more straite account of his officers and often remoued suche as he adiudged guiltie The Earle of Kent discharged of his office of chiefe Iustice Mat. Par. At the same time also Hubert Erle of Kent was deposed from the office of high Iustice and Stephen Segraue appoynted in his roumth The said Hubert bycause he refused to satisfie a certaine duetie which was demaunded of him to the kings vse ranne so farre into his displeasure that he durst not abide hys sight The Earle of Kent taketh Sanctuarie but for safegarde of himselfe got him to the Abbey of Merton and there tooke Sanctuarie The king hearing of this his demeaner was so highly offended withall that he sent to the Londoners willing them to go thither and fetche him to his presence The Londoners which in no wise loued him bycause of the death of their Citizen Constantine were verie readie to accomplish this comaundement The Câ—… of Loâ—… good 〈◊〉 towarâ—… Earle 〈◊〉 insomuch that where the Maior ouernight late declared to them the effect of the kings commission there were .xx. M. of them in armor gotten forwarde early in the morning towards Merton in full hope nowe to be reuenged of him for the small good will that hee had borne vnto their citie heretofore But the king being informed by the Erle of Chester and others that if the Londoners being thus in armor in so great a number should coÌ„mit any other outrage by the way the matter might grow to some such inconuenience as would not easily be stayed he sent to them a countermaund to returne back to the citie againe which they did though sorie in their harts that they might not go through with their so desired an enterprise Furthermore see here the mutabilitie of fortune and hir inconstancie for now that the Erle of Kent was thus out of the kings fauour there were few or none of those whom he had before bin beneficiall vnto that shewed themselues as friends louers vnto him but al forsooke and were redie to say the worst of him except only the the Archbishop of Dubline who yet obteyned of the king respite for him to make answere vnto such things as shoulde lawfully be obiected agaynst him both for the debt which shoulde bee due to the king and also vpon poynts of treason which were now layde to his charge After this as the sayde Hubert would haue gone to S. Edmondsbury in Suffolk where his wife as then remayned he was apprehended at Burntwood in Essex within a Chapel there as sayth Fabian But as Math. Paris hath Mat. â—… sir Robert de Cranecombe with three hundred armed men was sent to apprehende him by the Kings commaundement and so he was taken in a village belonging to the Bishop of Norwiche in Essex and by the kings commaundement cast into prison but yet afterwardes he was recoÌ„ciled to the kings fauor after he had lien foure Monthes in prison and .xiij. Monethes banished the Court. In this yeare on the exaltation of the Crosse A subâ—… graâ—… a Parliaâ—… holden 〈◊〉 Lambâ—… at Lambeth in the assemble of the states there a subsedie was graunted to the king of the .xl. part of euerie mans goodes towardes the discharge of his debtes which he ought to the Earle of Brytayne Also in the beginning of the .xvij. An. Râ—… yeare of his raigne Raynulfe Earle of Chester and Lincolne departed thys lyfe the .xxvj. daye of October Mat. Pâ—… Ranchâ—… of Cheâ—… parteth 〈◊〉 life whose bodie was buried at Chester and his bowels at Walingford where he died This Erle Ranulf was thrice maried first to Constance daughter and keyre to Conan Earle of Brytayne and Richmonde Earle Pâ—… thrice 〈◊〉 and so in ryght of hir was intituled Earle of those two places which Constance had bin first maried vnto Geffrey the third sonne of king Henrie the seconde by whom shee had issue Arthure as before ye haue heard But by Erle Ranulfe she had no issue at all but was from him diuorced and afterwardes maried vnto Guy vicont de Touars Then after that Erle Ranulf was so deuorced from the sayd Constance â—…is ClemeÌ„ce 〈◊〉 daughter â—…le Ferrers he maried a Lady named Clemence and after hir deceasse he maried the thirde time the Ladie Margaret daughter to Humfrey de Bohun Erle of Hereford and Essex Conestable of England but he neuer had issue by any of those his wiues â—…e partition â—…is landes so that Iohn Scot hys nephew by his syster Mawde succeeded him in the Earledome of Chester and William Dalbeney Earle of Arundell nephew to him by his syster Mabell had the Manour of Barrow and other landes that belonged to the sayde Ranulfe of the yearely value of fiue hundred pounds Robert
Quincie he that maryed hys syster Hauise had the Earledome of Lyncolne and so of a Baron became an Earle who had issue by hys wife Margerie Countesse of Lyncolne that was maryed to Edmonde Lacie Earle of Lyncolne William Earle Ferrers and of Darbie that had maryed Agnes syster to the sayde Ranulfe had the Castell and Manour of Chartley togyther wyth other landes for hys pourpartie Here is also to be remembred that the afore mentioned Erle Ranulf or Randulf whether ye list to call him atchieued many high enterprises in his time as partly in this booke ye haue alredie heard he held sore warres agaynst the Welchmen till at length an agreement was concluded betwixt him Llewellin prince of Wales I remember I haue read in an olde record that vpon a time as this Earle passed into Wales with an army his chance was to be ouerset by the Welch men so that he was driuen to retire into a castell wherin the Welchmen did besiege him ◅ir Roger ◅y is surna◅d Helle. And as it fortuned at that time Roger Lacy y e Conestable of Chester was not thē with him but left behind at Chester to see the Citie kept in order for as it should seem their solemne playes which cōmonly are vsed at Whitsuntide were then in hande or else their Faire which is kept at Midsommer The Erle therfore sent a messenger in all possible hast vnto his Conestable praying him with speed to come to his succors in that extreme poynt of necessitie Lacy made no delay but assembling all the foreyners players musitians others which he could find within that citie fit to wear armor went forth with them and in most speedy maner marched toward the castell where the Welchmē kept the Erle besieged who now perceyuing such a multitude of mē cōming towards them incontinently left the siege and fled away The Earle then being thus deliuered out of that present danger came forth of the Castell returned with hys Conestable vnto Chester and in recompence of that seruice he gaue vnto his sayde Conestable Roger Lacie the rule order and authoritie ouer all the foreyners players musitians and other strangers resorting to Chester at the time when such publike playes or else fayre shoulde be kept and holden Iohn Lacie the son of the sayd Roger maried Alice the daughter of Gylbert de Aquila and after hir deceasse he maried the Ladie Margaret the daughter of Robert Quincy Erle of Lyncolne of whom he begat Edmonde Lacie Conestable of Chester which Edmond after the deceasse of hys father maried Alice the daughter of the marques of Saluces in Italy which Lady was surnamed the Queene of whom he begat Henrie Lacy erle of Lincoln which Henry maried the Lady Margaret daughter to William Long espee Earle of Salisbury by whom he had two sonnes Edmōd and Iohn and two daughters Alice and Ioan which Alice Thomas Erle of Lancaster maried who claymed had the same rights and priuiledges which aunciently belonged to the sayde Roger Lacy and others the Conestables of Chester concerning the fines of foreyners and of other And this haue I the more willingly declared that it may appeare in what estimation credite the Lacies Constables of Chester by inheritance liued in their time of whose high valiancie and likewise of other of that familie highly commended for theyr noble chiualrie in martiall enterprises ye may reade in sundrie hystories at large But now to returne and speake of other doings which chaunced aboute the tyme in whiche the sayd Ranulfe Erle of Chester departed thys life The king in the meane while seazed into his handes a great portion of the treasure which Hubert de Burgh Earle of Kent had committed to the keping of the Templers but where as there were that trauailed to haue had him put to death the king in respect of the seruice which he had done to him and to his predecessors king Richard and king Iohn graunted him life with those landes which hee had eyther by purchase The Erle of Kent kept in prison within the castell of Vees or by gyft of king Iohn but neuerthelesse he caused him to be kept in free prison at the castell of the Vees vnder the custodie of foure knightes belonging to the Erles of Cornwall Warren Pembroke Ferrers whiche foure Earles were become sureties for him This yeare also about the same time to wit Mat. Par. A great thunder the morow after S. Martyns day chaunced great thunder and lightning which continued for the space of .xv. dayes togither to the great terror and feare of the people and namely of the Londoners which haue that kinde of weather so familiar to them that if there bee any abroade in the lande they haue their part thereof 1233 A wet sōmer Moreouer on the .xxiij. of March was heard an other great and terrible tempest of thunder after folowed a maruellous wette Sommer with many flouds Also on the .viij. day of April in the parties about Hereford Foure Sunnes beside the accustomed Sun and Worcester there appeared four Sunnes in the Element beside the naturall Sunne of red colour and a great circle of christaline colour the which cōpassed with his largenesse as it had bene the whole circuit almost of the whole realme of Englande Mat. Paris from the sides wherof went forth certaine halfe circles in whose sections appeared the sayd foure sunnes The naturall sonne was at the same tyme in the East part of the firmament for it was about the fyrst houre of the day or betwixt six and seuen in the morning the aire being the same time very bright and cleare The Bishop of Hereford sir Iohn Monmouth knight and many others beheld this wonderfull sight testified the same to bee moste true Mat. Par. And after this there followed the same yeare in those parties cruell warre slaughter terrible bloudshed and a generall trouble through England Wales and Irelande A straunge wonder About the same time to wit in Iune in the south parts of Englād neare to the sea coast two huge dragons appeared fighting in the aire and after a long fight the one ouercame the other and followed him fleeing into the depth of the Sea and so they were seene no more Moreuer in this yeare great variance strife rose betwixt the king and his barons for the king tooke great displeasure towards all other his officers Polidor and so muche the more he mistrusted them for that he found himselfe deceyued in the Erle of Kent to whom he had cōmitted a further credite than to any other and had made him high iustice of Englande onely for the good will that he alwayes bare vnto him The king beginneth to fauor strangers Therfore perceyuing this he was doubtfull now whom he should trust he discharged the most part of those Englishmē that bare any office about him in their roumes placed straungers as Poictouins and Brytaines of y
requiryng hys ayde that Griffyn myghte bee delyuered out of hys brothers handes promysing him greate helpe and furtherance with large condytions of submissyon and assuraunce furthirmore to bee at his commaundement and to receyue him for their true and soueraigne lorde King Henrye goeth into VVales vvith an armye Kyng Henrye vnderstandyng all theyr doings and intentes thought that this contention betwene the two brethren for the title of Wales would serue verie well for his purpose and therfore he hasted foorth wyth a speedye army of men into that countrey purposing to reduce the same vnder his obeysaunce And herewith Senena or Guenhera the wyfe of Griffyn and other of the Welche Nobilitie that tooke parte wyth hir conclude a league with Kyng Henry vppon certayne conditions as the same are conteyned in an instrumente or Charter the tenour wherof beginneth as followeth See Math. Par. in the printed boke pag. 840. Conuenit inter dominum regem Henrieum regem Angliae c. And for the performance of the articles in this instrument or writing conteyned the said Lady in name of hir husbande procured dyuers noble men to becom suerties or pledges that is to wit Raufe de Mortimer Walter de Clifforde Roger de Monthault Seneshall of Chester Mailgun ap Mailgun Meredoc ap Robert Griffin ap Maddoc of Bromefield Houwell and Meredoc brethren Griffin ap Wenuwen which persones vndertooke for the saide Lady that the couenauntes on hir parte should be perfourmed and therof they also bounde themselues by their writings vnto the saide Kyng Giuen on the Mondaye next before the Assumption of our Lady in the fiue and twentye yeare of the same Kynges reigne as in Mathewe Paris yee may finde the same recorded Pag. 840.841 and .843 in the printed copie Dauid driuen to his vvittes ende But nowe to oure purpose When Dauid vnderstoode of the kyngs approche wyth so puissaunt an armye he was brought into great perplexitie the more in deede not onely bicause there chaunced the same yere for the space of four monethes togither a greate drouthe so that the marishes and bogges were dried vp and made passable for the kyngs people but also for y t many of the Welch nobilitie as chiefly Griffin Madock and others sought his destruction in fauour of his brother Griffin whose deliueraunce they earnestlye wished and for that he stoode excommunicate by the Pope All whiche things well considered caused him to doubt of a further mischiefe to hang ouer his head Whervpon he sent to the king signifying that he would delyuer his brother Griffyn freely into his hands but letting him withall to wit by many good reasons that if he did set him at libertie he shuld minister many newe occasions of continuall warres Moreouer this couenaunt Dauid required at the kyngs handes that the kyng should reserue him so to his peace vnder the bonde of Fidelitie and hostages that he should not disinherite 〈◊〉 which when the king courteously granted Dauid sent vnto hym his brother Gryffin to dispose of hym as he should thinke requisite Dauid â—…reth 〈…〉 The Kyng receiuing him sent him to London vnder the coÌ„duct of sir Iohn de Lerinton togither with other â—…o whom hee had receiued as hostages bothe of Dauid and others the nobles of Wales appointing them to be kept in safetie wythin the Tower there There was also a Charter or deede made by the same Dauid vnto King Henrie contayning the Articles couenauntes and grauntes made betwixt the sayd Prince and the forsayde Dauid beginning thus Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos praesentes litera c. And after this that is to say See 〈◊〉 pag. 842. within .viij. dayes after the sayd feast of Saint Mychael the foresayde Dauid came to London Dauid the pâ—… of 〈…〉 â—…ge and there dyd homage to the Kyng and sware feaultie and after returned in peace backe agayne vnto hys countrey About the same time there chanced a controuersie to ryse betwixt the king and the Bishop of Lincolne for the bestowing of the benefice of Thame 〈…〉 the which Iohn Mansel the kings chapleyne hadde gotten in possession by the Kinges fauor through prouision graunted of the Pope where the Bishoppe alledgyng priuiledges to the contrary had graunted it to an other At length the Kyng hauing his fathers trouble before his eies and doubting the Bishoppes woordes threatning some euill myshappe to folowe if he shoulde stande long in the matter agaynste the sayde Bishoppe gaue ouer hys â—…nute and therewythall prouyded Iohn Maunsell of a farre more â—…yehe benefice that is to â—…ye of the personage of Maydstone whereinto the Bishoppe speedyly inuested hym Thys yeare many noble men ended theyr lyues Death of â—…ble men as well suche as were gone with the Erles of Cornewall and Leycester into the holye lande and others remaynyng still at home Amongest whyche number were these Wylliam Forz Earle of Albemarle Walter Lacy Lacye lâ—… issue 〈…〉 kinde 〈◊〉 that 〈…〉 inheâ—… his landes one of the chiefest nobles in all Irelande Stephen de Segraue Gilberte de Basset and hys sonne and heire named also Gilberte Moreouer Iohn Biset hygh Iustice of the Foâ—…estes and Peter de Mallow Hughe Wak Roberte Marmion Peter de Bruys Guysâ—… aâ—… Laidec Eustace Stoutville Eudo Hamon surnamed Peccham Baldwyn de Beâ—…un Iohn Fitz Iohn Stewarde of householde to Earle Richarde Iohn de Beau lieu Gerarde de Furniuall There dyed also the Ladye Eleanore the Countesse of Brytayne wyfe vnto Geffrey that was somtyme Earle of Britayn whyche Countesse hadde beene long kepte prysoner at Brystowe wyth dyuers other Moreouer there dyed thys yeare Roger Bishop of London and Hughe Bishoppe of Chester Also Gilberte Marshall Earle of Pembrooke in a Tornaye whyche he had attempted at Hereforde agaynst the kinges licence was by an vnruly horse caste and so hurte that immediatly he dyed thereof Neyther was thys yeare onely mournefull to Englande for the losse of suche hygh Estates but also in other places many notable personages departed out of this transitorie lyfe As two Popes Gregorie the ninthe and his successour Celestine the fourthe besydes Cardinalles â—…inall Soâ—…ote an enâ—…an amongst the whiche Robert Somercote an Englishe man was one Aboute the later ende of this .xxv. yeare the sixth daye of October Eclipse there appeared a righte sore Eclypse of the Sunne verie straunge to the beholders â—…n Reg. 26. 〈◊〉 death of Empresse â—…ell 1242 â—…rres reâ—…d betvvixt 〈◊〉 kinges of â—…lande and â—…nce In the .xxvj. yeare dyed the Empresse Isabell wyfe vnto Fredericke the Emperoure In which yeare also beganne the warres agayn betwixte Kyng Henrye and Lewes the kyng of France for the quarell of Hugh Erle of Mâ—…he who refused to do homage vnto Alfonse thâ—… brother of kyng Lewes whyche Alfonse had maryed the onely daughter and heyre of Raymund Earle of Tholouze and therefore shoulde succeede the same Earle in his estate and inheritaunce His brother kyng Lewes had also gyuen
a chayre at the tyme of their Coronation whyche Kyng Edwarde caused nowe to be transferred to Westminster and there placed to serue for a Chayre for the Priest to sit in at the Aulter The Kyng comming to Berwike called thither vnto a Parliament all the Nobles of Scotlande and there receiued of them their homages The 〈◊〉 of Scoâ—… feâ—…â—…selues 〈◊〉 King the whyche in perpetuall witnesse of the thyng made letters patents thereof written in French and sealed with their seales as the tenor him followeth A Touz ceux que cestes lettres verront uront c. TO all those that these present letters shall see or heare we Iohn Comin of Badenaw The iâ—…meâ—… of 〈◊〉 homâ—… the lanâ—… Scotlandâ—… K. Eâ—… c. Bycause that wee at the faithe and will of the most noble Prince and our dearest Lorde Edwarde by the grace of God Kyng of England Lorde of Irelande and Duke of Aquitaine doe vowe and promise for vs and our heires vppon payne of body and goodes and of all that wee may haue that wee shall serue him well and truly against all men whiche maye liue and die at all tymes when we shall bee required or warned by our said Lord the Kyng of Englande or hys heires and that wee shall not know of any hurte to bee done to them but the same wee shall lette and impeach with all our power and giue them warning thereof and those things to holde and keepe wee binde vs our heires and al our goodes and further receyue an oth thereof vpon the holy Euangelistes and after all wee and euery of vs haue done homage vnto oure soueraigne Lorde the King of Englande in wordes as followeth I become your liegeman of life members The sâ—… their lâ—… and earthly honor against all men which maye lyue and die And the same oure soueraigne Lorde the King receyued this homage vnder thys forme of wordes The 〈◊〉 King 〈◊〉 accepâ—… We receyue it for the land of the whiche you bee nowe seased the righte of vs or other saued and excepte the landes whiche Iohn Ballioll sometime Kyng of Scotland graunted vnto vs after that we did deliuer vnto him y e kingdome of Scotlande if happely hee hathe giuen to you any suche landes Moreouer all wee and euery of vs by hymselfe haue done fealtie to oure saide soueraigne Lord the Kyng in these wordes I as a faythfull and liege man shall keepe faith and loyaltie vnto Edward Kyng of England and to his heires of life member and earthly honor againste all men whiche may liue and die and shall neuer for anye person beare armour nor shall be of councell nor in ayde with anye person againste hym or hys heyres in any case that maye chaunce but shall faithfully acknowledge and doe the seruice that belongeth to the tenementes the which I claime to holde of hym as God me helpe and all hys Saintes I witnesse whereof these letters pattentes are made and sygned with our seales Yeuen at Warke the foure and twentith of Marche in the yeare of the reigne of oure sayde Lord the Kyng of Englande â—…ficers apâ—…ynted in â—…tlande by â—…ng Iohn Then was Iohn Warren Earle of Surrey and Sussex made by Kyng Edward warden of Scotlande Hugh Cressingham Threaforer and William Ormesdy high Iustice whome the King commaunded that hee shoulde call all those before him whyche helde any landes of the Crowne and to reteyne oâ—… them in hys name theyr homages and fealties Iohn Ballioll the late Kyng of Scotlande was sent to London Iohn Ballioll sent to London and had a conâ—…nt company of seruauntes appoynted to aâ—…de hym hauyng licence to goe anye whether abroade to that hee kepte hym selfe wâ—…hâ—… the 〈◊〉 of twentie miles neere to London Iohn Câ—… of Badenaw and Iohn Edmni of Lowan and diuers otheâ—… nobles of Scotlande were brought into Englande on the South side of Ticut being warned vpoÌ„ payne of death not to returne into Scotlande till the King â—…d made an ende of his warres with Fraunce The Cleargie by reason of a coÌ„stitution ordeyned and constituted the same yeare by Pope Boniface â—…e pretenâ—… excuse of 〈◊〉 Cleargie prohibiting vpon payne of excommunication that no â—…asages nor other exactions should beleiued or exalted of the Cleargie in any manner of wise by secular Princes or to be paid to them of things that perteyned to the Church vtterly refused to graunte any manner of ayde to the King towardes the manie gâ—…aunce of hys warres Wherevppon the Kyng to the intent they shoulde haue tyme to study for a better aunswer deferred the matter to an other Parliamente to bee holden on the morrowe after the feast of Saint Hillarie This yeare after the feast of the Epiphany An. reg 25. 1297. The Earle of Holland married Elizabeth the kings daughter Elizabeth the Kings daughter was married vnto Iohn Earle of Holland Humfrey de Bohun Earle of Hereford and Essex was sente to conuey them into Hollande there to take possession of the Earledome as then discended vnto the said Iohn by the death of his father lately before slayne by his owne â—…usheâ—…s by cause he woulde haue disinherited this Iohn and made a bastarde sonne whiche hee hadde to be his heire The daye appoynted for the Parliamente to bee holden at London bring coâ—…e and the Cleargie continuing in their deâ—…an to graunt anye subsedy the King exluded them out of his protection for the redeeming whereof many by themselues and many by mediators did afterwardes giue vnto the King truth parte of all their goodes The Archbishop of Caunterbury being found stiffe in the matter the Kyng seased all his landes and commaunded all suche debtes as were founde of his in the rolles of the Exchequer to bee leuied with all speede of his goodes and cat-cattayle Abingdon The Archbyshoppe his wordes Some write that when the Archbishop of Caunterburie in name of all the residue hadde declared to them whome the Kyng had appoynted commissioners to receyue the aunswere that whereas they of the Cleargie hadde two soueraigne Lordes and gouernoures the one in spirituall matters and the other in temporall they ought yet rather to obey theyr Spirituall gouernoure than their Temporall Neuerthelesse to satisfye the Kynges pleasure they woulde of theyr owne charges sende to the Pope that by hys licence and permission they myghte graunte the Kyng some aide or else receyue some aunswere from hym what to doe therein for sayeth the Archbyshoppe wee beleeue that the Kyng feareth the sentence of excommunicatioÌ„ and would be as glad to auoyde it as we When the Commissioners hearde this aunswere they required that they woulde appoynte some of theyr owne company to beare this message vnto the Kyng for they durst not reporte it vnto hym which being done as the Commissioners had required the Kyng in his furie proceeded agaynste them in suche rigorous manner as yee haue hearde The declaration of the Lord chiefe Iustice in so muche that
substanciallye declared vnto you at Paules Crosse on Sunday last passed the right and title that the most excellent prince Richarde Duke of Gloucester nowe Protectour of thys Realme hath vnto the Crowne and kingdome of the same For as the worshipfull man groundly made open vnto you the children of K. Edward the fourth were neuer lawfully begotten forasmuche as the king leauing his verie wife Dame Elizabeth Lucy was neuer lawfully maried vnto the Queene their mother whose bloud sauing that be set his voluptuous pleasure before his honor was full vnmeetly to bee matched with hys and the mingling of whose blouds togither hath beene the effusion of great part of the noble bloud of this realme Whereby it may well seeme the mariage not wel made of which there is so much mischiefe growne For lacke of which lawful accoupling and also of other things which the sayd worshipfull doctor rather signified than fully explayned and which things shall not be spoken for me as the thing wherin euery man forbeareth to say that hee knoweth in auoyding displeasure of my noble Lord Protector bearing as nature requireth a filiall reuerence to the Duches his mother for these causes I say before remeÌ„bred that is to wit for lacke of other issue lawfully coÌ„ming of the late noble prince Richard duke of Yorke to whose royall bloud the Crowne of England and of Fraunce is by the high authoritie of Parliamen entayled the right and title of the same is by the iust course of enheritaunce according to the common lawes of this lande deuolute and common vnto the moste excellent Prince the Lorde Protector as to the very lawfully begotteÌ„ son of the foreremembred noble duke of Yorke Which thing well considered and the greate knightlye prowes pondered with manifolde vertues which in his noble person singularly abound the nobles and commons also of this realme and speciallye of the north part not willing any bastarde bloud to haue the rule of the lande nor the abusions before in the same vsed any longer to continue haue coÌ„discended and fully determined to make humble petition to the moste puissaunte Prince the Lorde Protectour that it may lyke his grace at our humble request to take vpon him the guiding and gouernaunce of this Realme to the wealth and encrease of the same according to his verie right and iust tytle Which thing I wore it well hee will bee loth to take vppon hym as he whose wisedome well perceyueth the labor and studie both of minde and bodie that shall come therewith to whomesoeuer so will occupie the rowme as I dare say hee will if he take it Which rowme I warne you well is no childes office And that the great wise man well perceyued when he sayd Veh regno cuius rex puer est VVo is that Realme that hath a childe to their king Wherfore so much the more cause haue we to thanke God that this noble personage which is so righteously intituled therevnto is of so sad age and thereto so great wisedome ioyned with so great experience which albeit hee will hee loth as I haue sayd to take it vpon him yet shall be to our petition in that behalf the more graciously incline if ye the worshipfull Citizens of this the chiefe citie of this realm ioyne with vs the nobles in our saide request Which for your owne weale we doubt not but ye wil and nathelesse I hartily pray you so to do wherby you shal do great profit to all this realme beside in choosing theÌ„ so good a king and vnto your selfe special commoditie to whoÌ„ his maiestie shal euer after bear so much the more tender fauor in how much he shall perceiue you y e more prone beneuoleÌ„tly minded toward his election Wherin dere friends what mind you haue we require you plainly to shew vs. When the Duke had sayde and looked that the people whome he hoped that the Maior had framed before should after this proposition made haue cried king Richard king Richarde all was husht and mute and not one worde answered thervnto wherwith y e duke was maruellously abashed and taking the Maior nearer to hym with other that were aboute him priuie to that matter sayde vnto them softly what meaneth this that this people be so still Sir quoth the Maior percase they perceyue you not well That shall we mende quoth he if that will helpe And by and by somewhat lowder he rehearsed them the same matter agayne in other order and other wordes so well and ornatelye and naythelesse so euidently and plaine wyth voyce gesture and countenance so comly and so conuenient that euery man much maruelled that heard him and thought that they neuer had in theyr liues heard so euill tale so well tolde But were it for â–ª wonder or feate or that eche lookt that other should speake first not one word was there aunswered of all the people that stoode before but all was as still as the mydnightâ—… not so muche as rowning amongest them â–ª by which they might seeme to commune what was best to doe When the Maior sawe this hee with other partners of that Councell drew aboute the duke and sayde that the people had not beene accustomed there to be spoken vnto but by the Recorder which is the mouth of the Citie and happily to him they will aunswere â—…r William 〈◊〉 With that the Recorder called Fitz William a sad man and an honest whiche was so newe come into that office â–ª that he neuer had spoken to the people before and loth was with that matter to beginne nor withstanding therevnto commaunded by the Maior made rehearsall to the Commons of that the Duke had twise rehearsed them himselfe But the Recorder so tempered his tale that he shewed euerie thing as the dukes wordes and no part his owne But all this noting no chaunge made in the people which alway after one stoode as they had beene men amased wherevpon the duke rowned vnto the Maior and sayd this is a maruellous obstinate silence and therwith he turned vnto the people again with these words Dere frieÌ„ds we come to moue you to that thing which peraduenture we not so greatly needed but that the Lords of this realme the coÌ„mons of other parties might haue sufficed â–ª sauing y t wee suche loue beare you so much set by you y t we would not gladly do without you that thing in which to be partners is your weale honor which as it seemeth either you see not or wey not Wherefore wee require you giue vs aunswere one or other whether you bee minded as all the nobles of the realm be to haue this noble prince now protector to be your king or not At these words the people began to whisper among themselues secretly that the voice was neither lowd nor distinct but as it were the sound of a swarme of Bees till at the last in the neather end of the Hall a bushment of the dukes seruants and Nashfieldes and
and North with many other Noblemen and Gentlemen and their traynes to the number of two thousande horses At his comming to the Churche in Winchester the Lorde Chauncelour accompanied with the Bishops of Duresme Elye London Lincolne Chichester and diuerse other Prelates were readie to receiue him After he had made his prayers he was conueyed to his lodging prepared for him in the Deanes house The Queene hir selfe was lodged in the Bishops pallace whither his highnesse the next day came and was receyued by hir in the hall in most courteous and louing maner And after such salutatioÌ„s and talke ended as was thought conuenient for the time he returned to his lodging where hee continued all that night and the next daye being the xxv of Iuly the mariage was openly solemnised The mariage solemnised At the which were present the Ambassadors of the Emperour the King of Romaynes the King of Boheme of Venice Florence Ferrare and Sauoye with certaine agents of other states in Italy As for the shotte of ordinaunce the diuerse kyndes of musicke the sumptuous and costlye apparell trappers and other furniture readye prouided against the receyuing of him with other ceremonies vsed aswell about the mariage as in other places where he was to be receyued were surely such and euery thing done in suche good order as better for such a purpose might not lightly be deuised The names of the Noble men that came ouer from Spaine with the Prince were as followeth The Duke of Alua. The Duke of Medina celi The Admirall of Castilla The Marques of Bergues The Marques of Piscara The Marques of Saria The Marques of Valli The Marques of Aguillar The Earle of Egmonde The Earle of Horne The Earle of Feria The Earle of Chinchon The Earle of Oliuares The Earle of Saldana The Earle of Modica The Earle of Fuentesalida The Earle of Landriano The Earle of Castellar Don Ruigomes The Bishop of Cuenca Don Iohn de Benauides And diuerse others But nowe forasmuch as some woulde happily be desirous to knowe the conditions of this memorable mariage betwixte these two highe Princes the consequence whereof might haue proued of so great importance although by the Queenes decease the effect was made voyde I haue thought good to recite in briefe the chief articles thereof First it was couenanted that he shoulde enioye the title and name of King during the matrimonie and shoulde ayde hir highnesse being his wife in the administration of hir Realmes and dominions but yet he shoulde permit and suffer hir to haue the whole disposition of all benefices and offices landes reuenues fruites of the sayde Realmes and dominions and that the same shoulde be bestowed vpon such as were hir naturall borne subiectes and that all matters of the sayd Realmes and dominions should bee treated and mayned in the same tongues wherein of old they haue ben wont to be treated That the Queene by vertue of the sayde mariage shoulde bee admitted into the 〈◊〉 of the Realmes and Dominions of the sayde Prince of Spaine as well such as he nowe presently hath as suche other also as during the matrimonie may come to him And for hir dower in case shee ouerliued him she was appointed to receyue yearely three score thousande pounde after the value of fortie groates Flemmishe money the pounde to be allotted vpon all the Realmes landes and Patrimoniall dominions of his father the Emperour that is to saye fortie thousande pounde to be assigned vpon the Realmes of Spaine Castile and Arragon according to the custome of those Realmes The other twentie thousande poundes were appointed vpon the Dukedomes Earledomes and dominions of Brabant Flanders Henault Hollande and other patrimoniall landes and inheritaunce of the sayde Emperour in the lowe Countries of Germanie in like maner as the Ladie Margaret of Englande sometime wife and widowe of the Lorde Charles sometime Duke of Burgongne had and receyued of the same And if anye parcell or parcels thereof be alienated then in lieu thereof other landes shoulde bee in due forme assigned forth for hir to enioy lying neare to the residue of hir dower The issue that shoulde chaunce to come of this mariage touching the right of the mothers inheritance in the realme of Englande and the other Realmes and dominions depending of the same aswell the males as females shoulde succeede in them according to the lawes statutes and customes of the same And as touching the landes that the sayde Prince of Spaine shall leaue behinde him first there shoulde bee reserued vnto his eldest sonne the Lord Charles of Austrich infant of Spaine and to the children and heyres of him descending as well females as males all and singular their rights which to the sayde Prince doe eyther then or thereafter shuld belong or should at any time be deuolued to him in the Realmes of Spaine of bothe the Sicilles in the Dukedome of Millaine and other landes and dominions in Lumbardie and Italie whiche neuerthelesse shall be burdened and charged with the foresayde dower of fortie thousande pounde And if it fortuned the sayde Lorde Charles to die and the issue of his bodie to sayle then the eldest sonne of this matrimonie should succeede and be admitted vnto the sayde right according to the nature lawes and customes of those Realmes and dominions The same eldest sonne shoulde also succeede in all the Dukedomes Earledomes Dominions and patrimoniall landes belonging vnto the sayde Emperour father to the sayde Prince of Spaine as well in Burgongne as in the lowe countries in the Dukedomes of Brabant Luxenburgh Gelderland Zutphane Burgongne Frezeland in the counties of Flaunders Aâ—…thoys Holland Zelande Naniure and the lande beyonde the Isles and all other whatsoeuer therevnto belonging But if the sayde Lord Charles or they that shoulde come of him remayne in life and that there be any male childe by this matrimonie the sayde Lorde Charles and his descendentes shoulde then bee excluded from the sayde landes and patrimoniall dominions of the lowe countries and of Burgongne and the same shoulde discende vnto the sayde eldest sonne borne of this matrimonie And to the other children borne thereof as well males as females a conuenient portion and dower shoulde bee allotted in the Realme of Englande and Dominions depending of the same and in the sayde landes and patrimoniall dominions of the lowe countries and neyther the eldest sonne of this matrimonie nor the sonnes begotten in the same should pretende anye right in the Realme of Spaine or the dominions of the same and reserued to the sayde Lorde Charles the infant otherwise than by their fathers and Grandfathers disposition Moreouer if it fortune no issue male to bee borne of this matrimonie but onely females in that case the eldest female shoulde with full right succeede in the sayde landes and dominions of the lowe Countries so as neuerthelesse she being minded to choose to husbande any noble manne not borne in Englande or in the lowe Countries without consent of the sayde
Lorde Charles the infant in that case the right of the succession shoulde remayne to the sayde Lorde Charles in the sayde dominions of the lowe Countries Burgongne and their appurtenances And yet neuerthelesse in that case both she and the other daughters also descending of this matrimonie shall bee endowed of their fathers landes and possessions aswell in Spaine as in the lowe countries And for want of the sayde Lorde Charles and issue of him and none but daughters remayning of this mariage the eldest daughter in that case shoulde succeede not onelye in the landes of the lowe Countries but also in the Realmes of Spaine Englande and the rest after the nature lawes and customes of the same Herewith was a Prouiso accorded that what soeuer he or she shoulde bee that shoulde succeede in them they shoulde leaue to euery of the sayde Realmes landes and Dominions whole and entire their priuiledges rightes and customes and gouerne the same by the naturall borne of the same Realmes Dominions and landes c. Finally that betweene the sayde Emperor the Prince and his successors their Realmes and the sayde Queene it was concluded that from thenceforth there shoulde bee an intire and sincere fraternitie vnitie and most straite confederacie for euer c. so as they shoulde mutuallye ayde one another in all things according to the strength forme and effecte of the later treatie of a streite amitie bearing date at Westminster in the yeare 1542. the declaration of whiche treatie beareth date at Vtreight the xvj of Ianuarie in the yeare 1546. In another treatise were these articles following comprised First that the Prince of Spaine shoulde not promote admitte or receyue to any office administration or benefice in the Realme of Englande or Dominions to the same belonging any straunger or persons not borne vnder the subiection of the saide Queene That he shoulde receyue into his housholde and Courte Gentlemen and yeomen of the sayde Realme of Englande in a conuenient number esteeming interteyning and nourishing them as his proper subiectes and bring none with him in his retinue that will doe any wrong to the subiectes of the sayde Realme and if they doe hee to correcte them with condigne punishment and to see them expelled his Courte That hee shall doe nothing whereby anye thing bee innouated in the state and righte eyther publicke or priuate or in the lawes and customes of the sayde Realme of Englande or the dominions therevnto belonging But shall keepe to all estates and orders their rights and priuiledges That he shall not leade awaye the Queene oute of the borders of hir Graces Realme vnlesse she hir selfe desire it or carie the children that maye bee borne of this matrimonie out of the same realme vnlesse it be otherwise thought good by the consent and agreement of the Nobilitie of Englande And in case no children being left the sayde Queene do die before him he shall not chalenge anye righte at all in the sayde kingdome but without impediment shall permit the succession thereof to come vnto them to whome it shall belong by the right and lawes of the Realme Item that hee shall not beare nor carye ouer oute of the sayde Realme the iewels and precious things of estimation Neyther shall he alienate or doe away any whit of the appurtenances of the sayde Realme of Englande or suffer anye parte of them to bee vsurped by his subiectes or anye other But shall see that all and singular places of the Realme and speciallye the fortes and frontiers of the same bee faithfully kept and preserued to the vse and profite of the sayde Realme and by the naturall borne of the same He shall not suffer any shyppe gunnes ordinaunces whatsoeuer of warre or defence to be remoued or conueyed out of the same realme but shall contrariwise cause them diligently to be kept and vewed when neede requireth and shall so prouide that the same maye be alwayes readye in their strength and force for defence of the Realme Item the Realme of Englande by occasion of this matrimonie shall not directly nor indirectly bee intangled with the warre that is betweene the Emperour father to the sayde Prince of Spayne and Henrie the Frenche King but he the sayde Prince as muche as in him maye lie on the behalfe of the sayde realme of Englande shall see the peace betweene the sayde Realmes of Fraunce and Englande obserued and shall giue no cause of any breach by which couenant the later treatise of a strayte amitie shoulde not bee in anye poynt derogated but the same still to remayne in the foremer force c. But nowe to returne where wee left At the time of the solemnization of the foresayde mariage holden at Winchester as before yee haue hearde the Emperours ambassadours beyng present openlye pronounced that in consideration of that mariage the Emperour had giuen and graunted to the sayde Prince hys sonne the Kingdome of Naples Hierusalem with diuerse other seates and seigniories The solemnitie of that marriage ended the King of Heraultes called Garter openlye in the Churche in the presence of the King the Queene the Lordes as well of Englande as Spayne and all the people being presente solemnelye proclaymed the Tytle and style of those twoo Princes as followeth Philip and Marie by the grace of God Their title King and Queene of Englande Fraunce Naples Hierusalem and Irelande Defenders of the fayth Princes of Spayne and Scicilie Archedukes of Austriche Dukes of Millayne Burgundie and Brabant Counties of Haspurge Flaunders and Tyroll The Proclamation being ended the trumpettes blewe and the King and the Queene came forthe of the Churche hande in hande and two swords borne before them and so returned to their pallace And assoone as the feasting and solemnitie of the saide marriage was ended the King and Queene departed from Winchester and by easie iourneyes came to Windsore castell where the v. of August being Sundaye King Philip â—â—â—led at Windsore hee was stalled according to the order of the Garter and there kept Saint Georges feast himselfe in hys royall estate and the Earle of Sussex was also the same time stalled in the order The vij of Auguste was made a generall huntyng with a toyle raysed of foure or fiue myles in lengthe so that many a Deare that day was brought to the quarrie The xj of August they remoued to Richemonde and from thence the xxvij of the same moueth by water they came to London landing at the Bishop of Winchesters house thorowe which they passed both into Southwarke Parke and so to Suffolke place where they lodged that night and the next daye being Saterday and the xix of August they being accompanied with a great number of Nobles and gentlemen roade from thence ouer the bridge and passed thorough London vnto Westminster the Citie being beautified with faire and sumptuous pageantes and hanged with riche and costly silkes and clothes of golde and siluer in most royall wise At their passing ouer the bridge there