divided into 1. Oceanus 2. Mare 3. Fretum 4. Sinus 1. Oceanus the Ocean is that generall collection of all waters which invironeth the whole world on every side 2. Mare the Sea is a part of the Ocean to which wee cannot come but through some Straite as Mare Mediterraneum Mare Balticum and the like These two take their names Either froÌ„ the adjacent places as the British Ocean the Germane Sea the Atlantick Sea Or from the first discoverer as Mare Magellanicum Davis and Forbishers straites c. Or from some remarkable accident as Mare Rubrum from the red colour of the Sands Mare Aegeum Pontus Euxinus and the like 3. Fretum a Straite is a part of the Ocean restrained within narrow bounds and opening a way to the Sea as the Straits of Gibraltar Hellespont Anian 4. Sinus a Creeke is a crooked shoare thrusting out as it were two armes to imbrace the lovely presence of the Sea as Sinus Adriaticus Sinus Persicus and Corinthiacus To this also belong Rivers Brookes and Fountaines which are engendred of congealed ayre in the earths concavities and seconded by the Sea-waters creeping through hidden crannies thereof Thus much of the Reall parts of the Globe in generall Of the Circles of this Mappe and their uses THe Imaginary parts of the Earth are such which not being at all in the Earth must yet be supposed to be so for the better teaching and learning this Science and are certaine Circles going about the Earth answerable to them in Heaven in name The Meridian which comes first to be considered is a great Circle compassing round the Earth from Pole to Pole and is that which you see in the circumference of both Planispheares of the Map and wherein are written the names of the Zones Climates This chiefe first fixed Meridian passeth through the Islands called Azores according to the ancient Cosmographers and there are two reasons why they did there begin to reckon the longitude of the Earth First for that at that time there was no Land knowne further to the Westward than that place Secondly under that Meridian the Needle in the Mariners Compasse had no variation but did point directly North and South There be also many Meridians according to the diverse place in which a man lives the number of them equall to so many points as may be imagined in the Globe but the usuall setting them knowne to view is by ten degrees asunder and are those blacke lines which you see in both Planispheares running down along from the North to the South Pole The use of the Meridian is to shew the Longitude of any place Now the longitude of a Region City or Cape is the distance of it East from the first great Meridian and this ongitude is measured and numbred in the Aequinoctiall line by Meridians from the generall and fixed Meridian into the East and containeth the whole compasse of the Earth viz. 360. degrees To prove this by example cast your eye on London and you shall see it something to the East of the second blacke Meridian passe downe with that blacke line to the Aequinoctiall and looke as much East there as London is from that Meridian above then count the degrees of the Aequinoctiall from the first great Meridian to that place and that distance is the longitude of London which you may perceive to be 20. degrees and better And the like manner of working is to be made for all other places That line full of degrees crossing both Planispheare straight a long in the middle and dividing the world into two halfes viz North and South halfes is called the Aequinoctiall line or the Aequator either because it is of equall distance from both Poles of the world or else because the Sunne comming in this Circle makes the dayes nights throughout the world of like length which happens upon the 10 or 11. of March and the 13. or 14. of September It passes through Abassia or Prester Johns Kingdome and Manicongo in Africa through the greaâ— Island Sumatra and the Maldive Isles of Asia and in America through Guiana The use of it is to shew the Latitude of any Countrey City Promontory or the like Now the Latitude is the distance of a place toward the South or North from the Aequinoctiall line or middle of the world and is reckoned and measured upon the Meridian toward either Pole Those therefore have Northerne latitude that inhabit betweene the Aequinoctiall and â—he North Pole as they have Southerne latitude that are betweene the same Aequator and the South Pole Those blacke lines thwarting the blacke Meridians from East to West are parallels are also called Aequidistants being distant one from another 10. degrees toward both Poles and are here set downe for the easier counting the latitude of any place from the Aequinoctiall as for the latitude of London count so many decimall parallels till you come to the parallel which is neerest London you shall find them to be five then follow that line to the Meridian and see the figures set thereat they are 50. moreover adde to that number of 50. so much as London is sâ—tuate above that parallel the space is one degree and a halfe thus shall you finde the latitude of London that is the distance thereof from the Aequator toward the North Pole to the 51 degrees and a halfe and in the like manner must the Latitude of all other places be sought Thus much of Longitude and Latitude by which two the whole earth is reckoned The Meridian and Aequinoctiall as also the Zodiacke are filled throughout with degrees the number 360. and every degree consists of 60. Minutes and containes according to our ordinary account 20. leagues or threescore miles The great Circle that is drawn bending bias in one planispheare up to the Tropicke of Cancer in the other downe to the Tropick of Capricorne is the Zodiacke it is replenished with degrees and beares on it the Characters of the 12. signes The uses of it are to shew over what Countries and people the body and beames of the Sunne come perpendicular at some times or other in the yeare and it shews to all where the dayes increase and decrease the longest and shortest dayes of the yeare for the Sunne which causeth the same being alwayes in this Circle and therein moving about one degree a day all the while he is comming up from the Tropicke of Capricorne to that of Cancer the dayes increase in the Northerne Climates but contrariwise in his course backe from Cancer to Capricorne they shorten to us and lengthen to those in the Southerne Climates and this Circle shewes the foure quarters of the yeare Spring Summer Autumne Winter The Tropicke of Cancer so called or the Coelestiall signe Cancer is a circle whose distance from the Aequinoctiall toward the North is 23. degrees and a halfe When the Sunne is come so farre Northward as to touch this Circle then is our longest day in
⧠A NEW AND ACCVRATE MAP OF THE WORLD DRAWNE ACCORDING TO THE truest Descriptions latest Discoveries and best Observations that have beene made by English or Strangers WITH BRIEFE AND MOST PLAINE NOTES UPON THE WHOLE BODY OF COSMOGRAPHIE FOR THE EASIE VNDERSTANDING THEREOF Pleasant and usefull for all such as desire to know further than of their owne Home The Description and use of the Figure with the twelve Signes shewing the Theoricke of the Sunne on the left hand of these two Hemispheares THe outward circle of this Figure is divided into 365 dayes equall and allowing unto each moneth his proportion of dayes as January 31. February 28. March 31. Aprill 30. c. AMERICA was first discovered the yeer 1492. by Christopher Columbus at the charge of Ferdinand Isabella K and Q of Castill but denominated of Americus Vesputius seven yeers after To the Right honble Henry Mountague Baron of Kimbolton Viscount Maundevile Lo President of his Ma ties mos Ho ble Privy Counsell this Mapp of the World With Himselfe and his best Services Will Grent D D. This South Land vndiscouered commonly knowne by the name of Terra Australis incognita Magellanica cannot certainly be affirmed either continent or Ilands only Some few coasts thereof haue appeared to Sea men driuen thervpon by extremity of weather whose names are set downe the rest must remaine clouded in obscuritie till future times and further discoueries produce them to light The North Hemispheare The South Hemispheare Peace is the Nurce of Science and these 3 the meanes to attaine it The Heauens and Elements M Thomas Candishe sailed about the World An o 1588. Oliver Vander Nort sailed about the World 1601. The Eclipse of the Sun A Figure of the Spheare The Eclipse of the Moone Ferdinand Magellan sayl'd about the world 1524 Sr. Francis Drake sayled about the World 1580. The inward circle is divided into 360 Degrees giving unto each Signe 30 degrees the Semidiameter of the twelve Moneths is supposed to be divided into 60 parts from which center is supposed another center to be two deg 9. minutes of the said 60. parts according to Ticho Brache who mâ—keth the place or point of the Sunnes Apogeum to be in the 6. degree of Cancer in this age of the world The Apogeum of the Sun is that point in which when the Sunne commeth unto hee is in his slowest motion or furthest distant from the Earth that is to say Iune 17. then the Sunne shall be in the sixt degree of Cancer the Perigeum of the Sunne shall be when it commeth into the sixt degree of Capricorne being opposite to the sixt degree of Cancer The second moveable part is divided into 29 dayes and one halfe which doth shew the age of the Moone The next Circle is divided into 24 Houres and each houre into foure Quarters each quarter into three parts each part being five minutes The use of this Figure may be this FIrst the day of the Moneth being given to find the place of the Sunne in the Zodiack or the place of the Sun being given to find the day of the moneth Take the Index of the Sunne and bring it to the day of the moneth sheweth the place of the Sun in the Zodiack of the 12 Signes Example Aprill 14. the place of the Sunne will be found to be in the fourth degree of Taurus Secondly the day of the Change or New Moone being given to finde the age of the Moone the signe and degree shee possesseth in the Zodiack the time of her comming to the South and time of full Sea or high water in any Haven knowing the time of the Changes or full Moone after this manner In some Almanack or by the Expact find the day of the change of the Moone going before the day that yee desire and so many dayes after the Change so many dayes old is the Moone First bring the Index of Sol or the Sunne to the day of the moneth and there stay it Secondly bring the Index of the Moone to the age of the Moone and it sheweth the signe and degree that she possesseth in the Zodiack the houre and minute under the age is the time of her comming to the South Thirdly to finde the time of high water In the Table following find the name of the Port or Haven and the houre and minute against that Haven is the houre and minute that yee shall adde to the time of the Moones comming to South is the time of highwater in the said place A Tyde Table shewing the times of full Sea in the principall Havens in England or neere about thereunto Names of the Havens H. M. Points of the Compasse Quinborow Southam Portsmou 0 0 South North. Redban Aberden 0 45 S. W. b. W. N. E. b. E Gravesend the Downes 1 30 S. S. W. N. N E. Dundee S. Andrewes Silli 2 15 S. W. b. S. N. E. b N. London Tin mouth Harâ—lepoole 3 0 South West N. East Barwick Ostend Fount 3 45 S. W. b. W. N. E. b N. Frith Lith Dunbar Narbo 4 30 W. S. W E. N. E. Faymouth Gernsey Lizzard 5 15 W. b. S. E. b. N. Foy Lin Humber Way Dartmouth or Plimouth Antwerp 6 0 East West Bristoll Lanion Foulnesse 6 45 E b S. W. b. N. Milford and Bridgewater Texel 7 30 E. S. E W.N.W. Portland Peter-port Hage 8 15 S E b E. N.W.b. W Orkney Poole Orwel Shelens 9 0 South East North W. Deepe Lux Lenoyes Needles 9 45 S. E. b. S. N.W.b. N Bolyn Dover Harwich Yarmou 10 30 S. S. E. N. N. W. Gallis Rye Winchelsey Calsho 11 15 S. b. E. N. b. W. The use of this Table ADde the houres and minutes right against each Haven to the Moones comming to the South and the whole result will be the time of the Tide or high water By this Table you may see in what point of the Compasse the Moone is in at the time of the Tide or full Sea Of blazing Starres BLazing Starres or Comets are flames drawne into the higher 〈…〉 and long quietnesse in the Ayre They signifie corruption in the ayre to follow They are either signes of warres and death or tokens of earthquakes and dearth of Corne. In the yeare 1618. there happened a fearefull blazing Starre from the 18 of November to the 16 of December following Jt was seene all over Europe The Countries it passed ovâ—r were Nova Guinea the I le of Java Sumatra Madagascar Monomotapa Picora Nombre de Jesus The manner of the Moones Eclipse THe word Eclipse is as much to say as to want light and to be darkned or hidden from our sight The Moones Eclipse is figured at the foote of America over against your left hand which is thus viz. When the Sunne and Moone are opposite one to the other diametrally and the Earth in the very midst between both that is when a right line drawne from the center to the Sun to the center of the Moone passeth
through the center of the Earth For the body of the Earth being thick and not transparent casting his shadow to that point which is opposite of the place of the Sun will not suffer the Moon to receive any light from the Sun from whom she alwaies borroweth her light And note that every time she is at the full she is opposite to the Sunne and yet the Earth is not at every such full diametrally betwixt her the Sun for then she should be eclipsed at every full which indeed cannot be unlesse she be either in the head or taile of the Dragon Now the Moone is eclipsed in part when the Sun the Earth and the Moone be met in one selfe diametrall line but the Moon is declining either on the one side or on the other But note that eclipses of the Moone may be universall because the Earth is far bigger than the Moone and thereby able to shadow her whole body The manner of the Sunnes Eclipse THe Eclipse of the Sunne is shewed by that figure at the foot of Asia against your right hand and happeneth When the Moone is betwixt the sunne and the Earth which chanceth in a Conjunction or new of the Moone and yet not in every Conjunction but when it falleth either in the head or taile of the Dragon which may chance as is said before either totally or in part totally in respect of those parts of the Earth whereon the shadow directly falleth For sith the Moone is far lesse than the Earth she cannot shadow all the Earth and therefore the eclipse of the sun cannot be universall but yet to some part of the Earth it may be totally to some partly and to others nothing at all as may appeare by the aforesaid Figure Of the Firmament and Constellations THe two Hemispheares in the middle about filled with Figures of men beasts fishes and the like embost with starres doe represent the face of the Firmament or Orbe of the fixed starres those that appeare every night which were by ancient Astronomers divided into and distinguished by certain Constellations and each of these is knowne by a proper name Of these Constellations the number according to the ancient account is 48 that are divided into three parts 1 Northerne Constellations being 21 in number 2 Zodiacke Constellations being 12 in number 3 Southerne Constellations being 15 in number The Northerne Constellations consist of 332. starres The Zodiacke Constellations which be also called the twelve signes consist of 280 starres The Southerne Constellations containe 293 starres Some of these Constellations consist of more some of fewer starres according to their greatnesse or smalnesse Besides these there are 1205 stars that are exempt out of all the Constellations so that the number of stars set upon both Hemispheares are 1025 and divers of them have proper Names But here is to be understood that all the starres in Heaven are not numbred nor cannot for that divers of them are so small but these 1025 are the principallest amongst them and all that have yet ever beene accounted of The two first parts of â—ll that is the Northerne and Zodiack Constellations are contained in that part right against your left hand and placed over a piece of America The last that is the Southerne is comprehended in that other Hemispheare on your right hand and over the European Sea Of the Figure of the heavenly Orbes and Elements THe whole world is divided into two parts viz. Elementall and Etheriall or Coelestiall parts The Elementall part is four-fold viz. Earth Water Ayre Fire as may be seen in that round Figure of the frame of the heavens and elements one within another the inmost and middlemost circle containing Earth and Water intermixed together The next the three Regions of the Aire and immediatly above that Orbe is the Element of Fire all which you may easily discerne by their severall names in their proper places The Etheriall or Coelestiall parts doe compasse the Elementall part and containe the ten upper Spheares viz 1 the Moone 2 Mercury 3 Venus 4 Sol 5 Mars 6 Iupiter 7 Saturne 8 the Starry firmament 9 the Christaline heaven having no stars at all the 10 is the Primum mobile or first Mover containing all the rest within it and moving from the East to the West carrieth about with it in violence all the other Spheares The rest of the Spheares have contrary motions every one in his kinde though far slower than the other and their motions are contrary from the West to the East and so are carried about oftentimes by the first Mover before they make one perfect revolution in themselves The Christaline or ninth Spheare his motion is almost immensible and is called The trembling Motion and is performed according to the opinion of later Astronomers in 49000 yeares The eight Spheare being the Starry Firmament performeth his motion in 7000 yeares The rest of the Spheares are the seven Planets each Spheare containeth in it but one starre whereof the uppermost and slowest is Saturne which perfecteth his course in thirty yeares Iupiter being next under that makes his revolution in twelve yeares Mars beneath him finisheth his course in two yeares Sol passeth through the Zodiacke in 365 dayes and six houres which is one whole yeare Venus ends her course somewhat more than a yeare Mercury holds equall pace with the Sunne Luna courseth about the Heaven once every eight and twenty dayes Geographie and the Principles thereof Certaine termes of Land and Water plainely defined and described THe Terrestriall Globe is defined to be a Sphericall body proportionably composed of Earth and Water into which two parts it is divided Whereof the Earth comes first to view whose parts are either Reall Imaginary and the reall parts either Continents Islands Now a Continent is a great quantity of Land not interlaced or separated by the Sea in which many Kingdomes and Principalities are contained as Europe Asia Africa America An Island called in Latine Insula quasi in salo is a part of the earth environed round with waters as Britaine Java S. Laurence Isle Barmudas These againe are subdivided into Peninsula Istmus Promontorium A Peninsula is almost an Island that is a tract of Land which being almost encompassed round by water is joyned to the firme Land by some little Istmus as Poloponnesus Taurica Cymbrica and Pervana An Istmus is a little narrow necke of Land which joyneth any Peninsula to the Continent as the Straights of Dariene in Peru and Corinth in Greece Promontorium is some high Mountaine which shooteth it selfe into the Sea the utmost end of which is called a Cape as that great Cape of good hope and Cape Verde in Africa Cape Comori in Asia and that of S. Michaels mount in Cornwall the North Cape up in Norway and divers other There are likewise other reall parts of the Earth as Mountaines Vallies Fields Plaines Woods and the like The other generall part of the Globe is the Water which is
knowne branches it selfe into the four-fold Division viz. 1. Europe 2. Asia 3. Africa 4 America Europe TO begin with that quarter wherein we live Europe as also the other three consists of Continent and Jlands The Continent hereof is shared by the inhabitants of these Countries 1 Spaine 2 France 3 Italy 4 Belgia or Netherlands 5 Germany 6 Denmarke 7 Norway 8 Sweden 9 Muscovia 10 Poland 11 Hungary 12 Dacia 13 Sclavonia 14 Greece The European Ilands are these 1. The British Iles viz. Great Britaine whose possessors are English Scots and Welchmen Ireland Orchades Hebrides Sorlings and other on the East South and Westerne Coasts 2. The Mediterranean Iles which are Majorca Minorca Corsica Sardinia Sicilia Malta Candy or Creete Cephalonia Zant The Grecian Iles and some other of lesse note in the North Seas Island and Frisland Europe is extended in length about 3800 miles in breadth it exceeds not 1200. On the North the frozen Sea beats the bounds of it toward the west the Occidentall Ocean washeth it Southward it is girt with the Mediterranean Sea but the Archipelago the Euxine Sea Meotis Palus and the River Tanais now called Don with a line drawne from thence upright Northward are the Easterne limits the chiefe Rivers hereof are Danubius the Rheine and Vistula Asia BEfore any thing be said of the Province of Asia a few of her prerogatives shall be related which ennoble her As 1. mans creation 2. The birth of our Saviour his divine miracles and the worke of our Redemption and Salvation 3. The actions memorized by the holy Penmen of the Old and New Testament also here were erected the first Monarchies of the Babylonians Assyrians Medes and Persians The Continent of Asia containes these Regions 1 Natolia 2 Syria 3 Palestina 4 Armenia 5 Arabia 6 Media 7 Assyria 8 Mesopotamia 9 Persia 10 Chaldaea 11 Parthia 12 Hircaria 13 Tartaria 14 China 15 India The Ilands of Asia are Rhodes and Cyprus in the Mediterranean Sea in the Orientall Ocean Iapan the Mollucca the Philippine Ladrones Borneo Gilâ—lo Iava Sumatra Zeilan and an infinte number of lesse account The length thereof reaches 5200. the breadth 4560 miles or thereabout It is bounded Northward with the frozen Sea and straits of Anian all the East along it resists the assault of the Orientall Ocean toward the South the Indian Ocean and Arabian sea wreak their fury thereon on the West lies the RedSea and that Aegyptian Isthmus where it is parted from Africa but where it dis-joynes it selfe from Europe the Western limits are the Aegean and Euxine seas Palus Meotis the River Tanais and a right line drawne to the North. The chiefe Rivers are Euphrates Indus and Ganges Africa AFrica in forme resembles a Pyramis and is built of these Countries on the Continent 1 Barbary 2 Numidia 3 Lydia 4 the land of Negros or Guine with the adjacent Provinces 5 Aegypt 6 Aethiopia or Abassia Prester Iohns Kingdome 7 Congo 8 Monomotapa The Ilands are Zocotara in the Sea of Arabia and that of S. Laurence or Madagascar in the Indian Sea but in the Atlanticke Ocean St. Thomas the Iles of Cape Verde Gorgones or Hesperides the Canaries the Azores Africa runs on in length 4150 miles and is reckoned 2000. miles broad or thereabout The Easterne limits thereof are the Red Sea and Isthmus of Aegypt where it is severed from Asia on the South continually rages the Southerne Ocean Westward all the Coast is invironed with the violence of the Westerne or Atlanticke waves on the North beares the Mediterranean Sea The Rivers of most note are Nilus and Niger America AMerica or the new World acknowledgeth a twofold partition of Mexicana Peruana America is counted in length from the North pole to the Straits of Magellan Southward Mexicana is that which containes the Northerne Tract comprehending the Nations of 1 Mexico 2 Quiviro in which is included Nova Albion 3 Nico 4 Florida 5 Virginia 6 New England 7 Nova Francia 8. Terra de Labrador or Corterealis 9 Norumbergs 10 Estotilland 11 on the other side of Davis Straits Greenland 12 California This part is in compasse 1300 miles and lookes Eastward upon Mar del North or the Virginian Sea West upon Mar del Zur and the straits of Anian the Northerne Coasts extend to the Pole Southward it is joyned to Peruana by the Isthmus and that but 17. miles broad The chiefest River hereof is Rio St. Laurence or the River of Canada Peruana containeth the Southerne part of America and comprehends 1 Castilia del Oro 2 Guiana 3 Peru 4 Brasile 5 Chili 6 Chica 7 Patagones This part is in compasse 17000 miles being bounded on the North by that forenamed Jsthmus with which it is joyned to Mexicana lying East against the Aethiopian Ocean Westward the Pacificke Sea or Mar del Zur presses upon it beneath Southward the straits of Magellan limit it Herein are these Rivers of note Orenoque Marganno or the River of Amazons and the River of Plate The Ilands of America are Salomons Iles which be many in number Turbarones or the unfortunate Iles all situate in the Pacifick sea There lie in Mar del Nort Terra nova or New-found Land Bacaleos Trinidad Jamaica Cuba Hispaniola â—hat was first discovered by Columbus the Lucais 40. in number the Summer Jlands or Bermudas Smiths I le and divers other Are to be sold by Tho Jenner at the Exchange doore in Corne-hill 1641.