Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	island_n	point_n	south_n	2,699	5	9.6321	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A85533	The antiquity & excellency of globes what a globe is, and of the circles without the globe, what the horizon is ... moreover of the circles which are described on the superficies of the globes ... all which are proper to the celestiall and terrestiall globes, with their uses ...	Grant, W.	1657 (1657)	Wing G1524A; ESTC R42273	18,681	28

proportion and distance each particular constellation in the Heavens and every severall region and tract of ground in the earth together with certaine circles both greater and lesser invented by artificers for the more ready computation of the same The greater circles we call those which divide the whole superficies of the Globe into equall parts or halfes and those the lesser which divide the same into two unequall parts Besides the body of the Globe it selfe there is also annexed a certaine frame with necessary instruments thereto belonging The Fabrick of the frame is thus first of all there is a base or foot to rest upon on which there are raised perpendicularly six pillars or columnes of equall length and distance upon the top of which there is fastned to a levell a round plate or circle of wood which they call the Horizon because that the uppermost superficies thereof performs the office of the true horizon for it divideth the whole Globe into 2 equal parts whereof that which was uppermost representeth unto us the visible Hemisphere and the other that which is hid from us So likewise the circle which divideth that part of the world which we see from the other which we see not is called the Horizon and that poynt which is directly over our heads in our Hemisphere and is on every side equadistant from the Horizon is commonly called Zenith and that poynt which is opposite to it in the lower Hemisphere is commonly written Nadir these two poynts are called also the Poles of the Horizon Furthermore upon the superficies of the Horizon in a materiall Globe there are described first the twelve signes of the Zodiack and each of these is divided againe into thirty lesser portions so that the whole Horizon is divided into 360 parts which they also call degrees and every degree is divided into sixty parts also each of them is called a scruple or minute and so by the like subdivision of minutes into sixty parts will arise seconds and of these thirds and likewise fourths and fifths c. but the like partition still of each into sixty parts There is also described upon the Horizon the Roman Calender and that three severall wayes to wit the ancient way which is still in use with us here in England and the new way appointed by Pope Gregory 23 wherein the Aequinoxes and Solstice were restored to the same places they were in at the time of the Celebration of the councell of Nite and in the third the said Aequinoctiall and Solsticall points are restored to the places they were in at the time of our Saviour Christs nativity The months in the Calender are divided into dayes and weeks to which are annexed as their peculiar characters the 7 first letters of the Alphabet The innermost border of the Horizon is divided into thirty two parts according to the number of the winds which are observed by our moderne Sea-faring-men in their Navigations by which also we are wont to designe forth the quarters of the Heavens and the Coasts of Countries the names of the windes are set downe both in English and Latine in the Horizon of the materiall Globes The use of the Horizon is manifold First it divides the heavens into 2 Hemisphears Secondly it shews what stars never set and what never rise from under the earth and so likewise what stars doe both rise and set Thirdly it sheweth the cause of the equality and inequality of the artificiall dayes and nights Fourthly it conduceth to the finding out of the latitude of any place Fifthly it is the cause of the rectitude and obliquity of the Sphear whereof we have occasion to speake more largely hereafter There is also let into this Horizon two notches opposite one ro the other a circle of brasse making right angles with the said Horizon and placed so that it may be removed at pleasure up and downe by those notches as need shall require This Circle is called the Meridian because that one side of it which is in like manner divided into 360 degrees supplyeth the office of the true Meridian Now the Meridian is one of greater circles passing through the Poles of the world and also of the Horizon to which when the Sun in his daily revolution is arrived in the upper Hemisphere it is mid-day and when it toucheth the same in the lower Hemisphere it is mid-night at the place whose Meridian it is The Meridian which comes first to be considered is a great Circle compassing round the Earth from Pole to Pole and is that which you see in the circumference of both Planisphears of the Map and wherein are written the names of the Zones and Climates This chiefe first fixed Meridian passeth through the Islands called Azores according to the ancient Cosmographers and there are two reasons why they did there begin to reckon the longitude of the Earth First for that at that time there was no land known further to the Westerne then that place Secondly Under that Meridian the Needle in the Marriners compasse had no variation but did poynt directly North and South There be also many Meridians according to the divers places in which a man lives the number of them equall to so many points as may be imagined in the Globe but the usuall setting them known to view is by ten degrees a sunder and are those black lines which you see in both Planispheares running downe along from the North to the South Pole The use of the Meridian is to shew the longitude of any place Now the longitude of a Region City or Cape is the distance of it East from the first great Meridian and this longitude is measured and numbred in the Aequinoctiall line by Meridians from the generall and fixed Meridian into the East and containeth the whole compasse of the Earth viz. 360 degrees To prove this by example cast your eye on London and you shall see it something to the East of the second black Meridian passe downe with that black line to the Aequinoctiall and look as much East there as London is from that Meridian above then count the degrees of the Aequinoctiall from the first great Meridian to that place and that distance is the longitude of London which you may perceive to be 20 degrees and better And the like manner of working is to be made for all other places That line full of degrees crossing both Planisphears straight along in the middle and dividing the world into two halfs viz. North and South halfs is called the Aequinoctiall line or the Aequator either because it is of equall distance from both Poles of the world or else because the Sun coming in this Circle makes the dayes and nights throughout the world of a length which happens upon the 10. or 11. of March and the 13 or 14. of September It passes through Abassia or Prester Johns Kingdome and Manicongo in Africa through the great Island Sumatra and the Maldive Isles of

THE ANTIQUITY EXCELLENCY Of GLOBES What a Globe is and of the Circles without the Globe what the Horizon is with the things described thereon also what the Meridian is the Poles Axes Houre-Circle and Index Moreover of the Circles which are described on the superficies of the Globes of the equinoctiall circle Zodiack and Eccliptick of the Tropicks what the Artick and Antartick Circles are of the Verticall Circles and quadrant of Latitude of the Zones and their numbers of Climates and Paralels All which are proper to the Celestiall and Terrestiall Globes with their uses profitable for all that would be instructed in Geography He stretcheth out the North over the empty place and hangeth the Earth upon nothing Job 26. 7. LONDON Printed by M. S. and are to be sold by Tho. Jenner at the South-Entrance of the Old-Exchange 1657. Geographie and the Principles thereof Certaine termes of Land and Water plainly defined and described THe Terrestiall Globe is defined to be a Sphericall body proportionably composed of Earth and Water into which two parts it is divided Whereof the Earth comes first to view whose parts are either Reall Imaginary and the reall parts either Continents Islands Now a Continent is a great quantity of Land not interlaced or seperated by the Sea in which many Kingdomes and Principalities are contained As Europe Asia Africa America An Island called in Latine Insula quasi in salo is a part of the earth environed round with waters as Britaine Java St. Laurence Isle Burmudas These againe are sub-divided into Peninsula Istmus Promontorium A Peninsula is almost an Island that is a tract of Land which being almost encompassed round by water is joyned to the firme Land by some little istmus as Poloponnesus Taurica Cymbrica and Parvana An Istmus is a little narrow neck of Land which joyneth any Peninsula to the continent as the straits of Dariene in Peru and Corinth in Greece Promontorium Is some high mountaine which shooteth it selfe into the Sea the utmost end of which is called a Cape as that great Cape of good hope and Cape Verde in Africa Cape Comori in Asia and that of Saint Michaels Mount in Cornwall the North Cape up in Norway and divers others There are likewise other reall parts of the earth as mountaines vallies fields plaines woods and the like The other generall part of the Globe is the water which is Divided into 1 Oceanus 2 Mare 3 Fretum 4 Sinus 1 Oceanus The Ocean is that generall collection of all waters which invironeth the whole world on every side 2 Mare The Sea is part of the Ocean to which we cannot come but through some strait as Mare Mediterraneum Mare Balticum and the like These two take their names Either from the adjacent places as the British Ocean the German Sea the Atlantick Sea Or from the first discoverer as Mare Magellanicum Davis and Forbishers straits c. Or from some remarkable accident as Mare Rubrum from the red colour of the sands Mare Aegeum Pontus Euxinus and the like 3 Fretum a Strait is a part of the Ocean restrained within narrow bounds and opening a way to the Sea as the straits of Gibralter Hellespont Anian 4 Sinus a Creek is a crooked shoar thrusting out as it were two armes to imbrace the lovely presence of the Sea as Sinus Adriaticus Sinus Persicus and Corinthiacus To this also belong Rivers Brooks and Fountains which are engendred of congealed aire in the earths concavities and seconded by the Sea waters creeping through hidden crannies thereof Thus much of the real parts of the Globe in generall Of the Circle of the Map and their uses THe Earth and Sea composed themselves in a Sphericall figure and is caused by the proper inclination of each part which being heavy falls from every poynt of the circumference and claps about the center there settles as near as it may towards his place of rest we may illustrate both the figure and scituation by a familiar similitude to an ingenious apprehension Suppose we a knot to be knit in the midst of a Cord that hath many ends and those to be delivered to sundry men of equall strength to be drawn severall wayes round from every part above and below and on each side Questionelesse while every man draws in the boes of the knots it must needs become round and whilst they continue to pluck with equall strength it must rest immoveable in the middle betwixt them since every strength that would destroy hath a strength equall to resist it so it is in the bosome of the earth where every part wheeles upon equall priviledge of nature nor can any presse farther then the center to destroy this compacted figure for it must meet there with a body that will oppose it or if not yet could it not passe since every motion from the middle were to ascend which nature will not permit in a body of weight as the whole earth is The compasse of the whole is cast by our latest and most learned to be 21600 English miles which though none ever yet so pared as to measure them by the foot yet let not the ignorant reject this accompt since the rule by which they are led cannot faile for we see by continuall experience that the Sun for every degree in the Heavens gaines sixty miles upon the earth towards his circuit round and after three hundred sixty degrees returneth to the same poynt in respect of us as before it was repeat the number of 60 so oft and you will finde the accompt just and so by proportion of the circumference to the diameter which is tripla sesqui-septima the same which 22 hath to 7. We may judge likewise of the earths thicknesse to the center The whole diameter must by rule be somewhat lesser then a third part of the circuit that in proportion to 21600 will be 6872. halfe the number will reach the middle of the world and that is 3436. in this report both of the quantity and forme of the earth we must not require such exactnesse as cannot vary a haires breadth for we see the mountaines of the earth and oftentimes the waves of the Sea make the superficies unequall it will be sufficient if there be no difference sensible to be reckoned in so great a bulk for let us rudely hew a ball out of rough stone still it is a ball though not so smooth as one of Christal or suffer a mote to fall upon a sphear of glass it changeth not its figure far lesse are the mountains which we see in respect of the whole lumpe What a Globe is A Globe we may define to be an Analogicall representation either of the Heavens or of the earth and we call it Anagolicall not only in regard of its forme expressing the figure of the Heavens as also of the terrestiall Globe consisting of the earth it selfe together with the interflowing Seas but rather because that it representeth unto us in a just