thereof_o the_o settle_v a_o staple_n build_v of_o storehouse_n the_o view_v the_o ground_n on_o shore_n for_o land_v and_o dry_v of_o net_n make_v and_o dry_v of_o fish_n and_o the_o build_n of_o blockhouse_n for_o the_o security_n of_o trade_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o hollander_n fish_v for_o herring_n with_o buss_n and_o other_o vessel_n for_o ling_n and_o cod_n according_a to_o the_o journal_n keep_v thereof_o be_v as_o follow_v we_o set_v sail_n from_o gravesend_n the_o 27_o of_o april_n 1633_o and_o have_v letter_n from_o the_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n to_o mr._n william_n dicks_n of_o edinbourg_n in_o scotland_n we_o direct_v our_o course_n towards_o scotland_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o soul_n weather_n weâ—e_v force_v into_o harwich_n and_o set_v sail_n from_o thence_o the_o 30_o the_o ditto_n the_o wind_n not_o favour_v we_o we_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n in_o yarmouth_n ride_v and_o there_o go_v on_o shore_n be_v inform_v that_o the_o hollander_n buss_n do_v drive_v at_o sea_n for_o herring_n on_o that_o coast_n and_o that_o from_o the_o holms_n before_o yarmouth_n to_o bookness_n in_o scotland_n north_n north-east_n be_v 96_o league_n and_o from_o bookness_n to_o the_o south_n end_n of_o shotland_n north_n and_o by_o east_n about_o 53_o league_n the_o five_o of_o may_v we_o set_v sail_n from_o yarmouth_n and_o by_o stress_n of_o wind_n be_v force_v into_o scarbrouh_n and_o there_o go_v on_o shore_n be_v inform_v of_o the_o hollander_n buss_n fish_v on_o that_o coast_n and_o that_o from_o searbrough_n northwards_o towards_o catness_n in_o 45_o fathom_n or_o thereabouts_o in_o that_o fair_a way_n be_v usual_o the_o first_o summer_n herring_n catch_v from_o scarbrough_n we_o set_v sail_n and_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n before_o leith_n in_o scotland_n the_o 13_o the_o ditto_n where_o go_v on_o shore_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o edinburg_n deliver_v my_o letter_n to_o mr._n william_n dicks_n who_o be_v at_o that_o time_n governor_n of_o the_o island_n of_o shotland_n and_o do_v receive_v the_o revenue_n of_o those_o island_n have_v receive_v my_o instruction_n and_o letter_n from_o mr._n william_n dicks_n direct_v to_o mr._n james_n scot_n who_o live_v at_o that_o time_n in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o island_n of_o shotland_n and_o be_v agent_n or_o deputy_n to_o the_o say_v william_n dicks_n we_o set_v sail_n from_o leith_n and_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n at_o casten_n in_o the_o island_n of_o orkney_n the_o 22_o ditto_n and_o because_o these_o island_n be_v very_o considerable_a as_o to_o the_o fish_n trade_n i_o can_v pass_v they_o by_o without_o a_o brief_a description_n thereof_o which_o be_v as_o follow_v the_o island_n of_o orkney_n be_v 31_o and_o lie_v from_o the_o north_n and_o north-east_n point_v of_o scotland_n the_o first_o and_o southermost_a island_n be_v call_v elhey_n but_o the_o great_a and_o chief_a island_n of_o orkney_n be_v call_v maland_n which_o lie_v southermost_o from_o the_o point_n of_o catness_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o this_o great_a island_n be_v the_o havens_n where_o the_o ship_n come_v to_o that_o trade_n in_o those_o part_n and_o to_o the_o island_n call_v lewis_n and_o the_o island_n therebouts_o the_o lewis_n island_n be_v the_o island_n on_o the_o west_n of_o scotland_n and_o those_o sea_n be_v also_o very_o considerable_a as_o to_o the_o fishing-trade_n i_o make_v bold_a to_o give_v account_n thereof_o as_o follow_v these_o island_n lie_v westward_o from_o scotland_n and_o to_o the_o northward_o of_o ireland_n be_v in_o number_n 34._o there_o be_v four_o great_a island_n that_o lie_v near_o the_o main_a land_n but_o the_o great_a and_o chief_a island_n be_v call_v lewis_n which_o lie_v northward_o from_o the_o foresay_a island_n but_o the_o northermost_a of_o all_o the_o island_n which_o lie_v towards_o the_o orkane_n about_o sixteen_o league_n from_o lewis_n be_v call_v rona_n betwixt_o rona_n and_o orkney_n lie_v some_o small_a island_n the_o island_n lewis_n lie_v from_o shotland_n south-west_n or_o more_o westerly_a about_o 58_o league_n and_o from_o the_o south_n end_n of_o lewis_n to_o the_o north-west_n of_o ireland_n be_v 27_o league_n in_o and_o between_o these_o island_n be_v many_o very_a good_a sound_n and_o havens_n for_o ship_n lewis_n with_o the_o island_n belong_v to_o it_o lie_v south_n and_o by-west_n and_o south_n south-west_n about_o 29_o league_n i_o shall_v far_o add_v to_o my_o boldness_n and_o give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o the_o island_n of_o fero._n these_o island_n lie_v northward_o from_o the_o lewis_n island_n about_o 54_o league_n and_o from_o shotland_n westerly_n about_o 58_o league_n and_o be_v in_o number_n 22._o the_o sound_n and_o havens_n be_v many_o the_o southermost_a great_a island_n be_v call_v sugdro_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o this_o island_n be_v several_a good_a sound_n and_o havens_n but_o the_o best_a and_o chief_a of_o all_o the_o havens_n and_o where_o all_o the_o trade_n and_o merchandise_n be_v be_v call_v tor-haven_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o great_a island_n strone_n but_o these_o island_n be_v out_o of_o my_o road_n i_o shall_v return_v to_o my_o former_a discourse_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o orkney_n and_o shotland_n the_o south_n part_n of_o shotland_n lie_v about_o 20_o league_n northward_o from_o the_o island_n call_v maland_n but_o between_o the_o island_n of_o orkney_n and_o shotland_n lie_v two_o island_n the_o one_o call_v fairhill_n and_o the_o other_o call_v fulo_n these_o two_o island_n lie_v about_o 10_o league_n one_o from_o the_o other_o fulo_n lie_v north-north-east_n from_o fairhill_n the_o island_n fairhill_n lie_v from_o the_o north-east_n point_n of_o orkney_n about_o 9_o league_n and_o the_o southermost_a point_n of_o shotland_n lie_v from_o fairhill_n north_n and_o by-east_n about_o 8_o league_n and_o from_o fulo_n east_n and_o by-south_n about_o four_o league_n be_v inform_v of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o hollander_n fish_v for_o herring_n ling_n and_o cod_n with_o buss_n and_o dogger-boat_n in_o those_o sea_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o island_n manner_n and_o way_n of_o fish_v we_o set_v sail_n from_o casten_n and_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n by_o sunbroug-head_n be_v the_o south_n part_n of_o shotland_n the_o three_o of_o june_n and_o go_v ashore_o speak_v with_o the_o goodman_n of_o quandale_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a of_o those_o part_n the_o say_a gentleman_n with_o other_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v inform_v i_o of_o their_o manner_n of_o trade_n with_o the_o hamburger_n and_o other_o and_o of_o the_o hollander_n fish_v for_o herring_n on_o that_o coast_n also_o of_o their_o dogger-boat_n that_o fish_n only_o for_o ling_n and_o cod._n after_o i_o have_v receive_v information_n from_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o several_a island_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o fish_v and_o trade_n there_o we_o set_v sail_n from_o thence_o and_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n in_o bracey-sound_a otherwise_o call_v broad-sound_a a_o very_a gallant_a harbour_n where_o many_o ship_n may_v lie_v land-lockt_a for_o all_o wind_n have_v inform_v myself_o by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o part_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o fish_n and_o the_o hollander_n fish_v for_o herring_n drive_v on_o that_o coast_n we_o set_v sail_n from_o thence_o and_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n in_o evey-sound_a the_o northermost_a sound_n in_o shotland_n on_o the_o 12_o ditto_n and_o there_o go_v on_o shore_n i_o continue_v about_o 11_o or_o 12_o month_n and_o in_o that_o time_n travel_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o island_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n do_v thereby_o better_a inform_v myself_o concern_v the_o manner_n of_o trading_n and_o fish_n by_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o hollander_n at_o sea_n the_o land_n of_o shotland_n lie_v north_n and_o by-east_n and_o south_n or_o south_n and_o west_n about_o 60_o mile_n but_o there_o be_v many_o island_n belong_v to_o shotland_n which_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o mention_v hereafter_o that_o which_o be_v most_o considerable_a be_v the_o sound_v and_o harbour_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o southward_n point_v of_o shotland_n there_o be_v a_o good_a harbour_n and_o sound_n call_v st._n magnus_n and_o on_o the_o east-side_n near_o sunbrough-head_n be_v a_o fair_a sand-bay_n where_o there_o be_v good_a anchor_a in_o ten_o or_o twelve_o fathom_n to_o the_o northward_o of_o this_o last_o sound_n there_o be_v another_o sound_v call_v hambrough-haven_n which_o be_v a_o lade-place_n for_o the_o hamburger_n and_o scot_n about_o 9_o or_o 10_o league_n from_o the_o southward_o point_n of_o shotland_n there_o be_v a_o channel_n that_o run_v through_o the_o land_n the_o south-part_n of_o the_o land_n divide_v by_o the_o channel_n be_v call_v swanberg_n the_o other_o part_n so_o divide_v or_o the_o north-part_n be_v call_v laxford_n within_o
this_o channel_n aforesaid_a be_v several_a sound_n or_o harbour_n but_o the_o best_a and_o chief_a sound_n in_o shotland_n be_v brace-sound_n or_o broad-sound_n as_o before_o mention_v out_o of_o this_o sound_v the_o aforesaid_a channel_n do_v run_v northward_o on_o the_o north-part_n of_o swanberg_n lie_v the_o high_a hill_n of_o hanglix_n from_o the_o say_v hanglix_a about_o 9_o league_n northwards_o lie_v some_o out-rock_n call_v the_o star_n to_o the_o northward_o of_o the_o star_n there_o be_v a_o very_a good_a harbour_n call_v bloom-sound_a to_o the_o northward_o of_o this_o last_o sound_n be_v another_o good_a haven_n call_v huâ—-sound_a be_v the_o northernmost_a or_o north-east-sound_a or_o haven_n belong_v to_o the_o island_n call_v oun_v there_o be_v other_o havens_n or_o sound_v which_o lie_v through_o the_o land_n between_o and_o about_o that_o part_n of_o shotland_n call_v laxford_n and_o the_o island_n call_v jello_n there_o be_v also_o other_o island_n and_o sound_n which_o for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o forbear_v to_o mention_v the_o merchant_n which_o trade_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o shotland_n be_v hamburger_n breamer_n lubergher_n scot_n and_o english_a the_o chief_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o island_n be_v scot_n the_o mean_a or_o inferior_a sort_n be_v a_o mix_a people_n of_o daâ—es_n and_o scot_n the_o island_n of_o shotland_n as_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v be_v give_v to_o king_n james_n of_o bless_a memory_n by_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n with_o queen_n ann_n be_v part_n of_o her_o dowry_n the_o commodity_n of_o shotland_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n trade_n withal_o be_v ling_n and_o cod_n which_o they_o take_v with_o hook_n and_o line_n in_o small_a boat_n call_v yall_n about_o the_o bigness_n of_o gravesend_n oat_n the_o ling_n they_o sell_v for_o 3_o d._n a_o piece_n be_v a_o ling_n of_o the_o large_a size_n and_o be_v call_v a_o gilled_a ling_n if_o small_a than_o we_o have_v two_o for_o one_o or_o three_o for_o two_o and_o so_o proportionable_a the_o cod_n be_v sell_v for_o 2_o d._n the_o gilled_a cod_n and_o be_v measure_v as_o the_o ling._n i_o buy_v of_o fisherman_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o island_n call_v oun_v 11655_o gilled_a ling_n and_o 834_o gilled_a cod_n at_o 3_o d._n the_o gilled_a ling_n and_o 2_o d._n the_o gilled_a cod_n which_o ling_n and_o cod_n be_v take_v by_o the_o say_a fisherman_n at_o several_a time_n in_o their_o small_a boat_n and_o bring_v to_o my_o booth_n or_o place_n of_o abode_n every_o morning_n as_o they_o be_v catch_v the_o say_a ling_n and_o cod_n be_v very_o good_a and_o merchantable_a be_v salt_v aboard_o the_o ship_n that_o land_v i_o and_o within_o seven_o week_n after_o my_o land_n i_o send_v she_o for_o london_n with_o the_o say_a fish_n to_o the_o right_n honourable_a the_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n as_o by_o my_o book_n of_o account_n deliver_v into_o his_o hand_n and_o leave_v with_o he_o may_v appear_v there_o be_v also_o other_o small_a fish_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v catch_v with_o angles_n sit_v on_o the_o rock_n and_o in_o their_o small_a boat_n with_o hook_n and_o line_n in_o the_o sound_v and_o between_o the_o island_n and_o these_o small_a fish_n be_v very_o considerable_a for_o although_o they_o can_v spend_v they_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o multitude_n they_o take_v and_o have_v not_o industry_n to_o make_v use_n of_o they_o for_o transportation_n yet_o the_o liver_n they_o preserve_v and_o with_o the_o liver_n of_o the_o ling_n and_o cod_n make_v train-oyle_n but_o if_o it_o be_v improve_v as_o take_v they_o with_o net_n the_o train-oyl_n i_o say_v will_v amount_v to_o a_o cosiderable_a sum_n and_o if_o this_o increase_n of_o trade_n be_v carry_v through_o the_o whole_a island_n it_o will_v be_v a_o great_a encouragement_n to_o all_o merchant_n trade_n into_o those_o part_n there_o be_v several_a other_o merchant_n in_o the_o island_n where_o i_o do_v inhabit_v that_o buy_v ling_n and_o cod_n of_o the_o fisherman_n so_o that_o the_o quantity_n which_o i_o send_v for_o england_n be_v not_o above_o the_o five_o part_n take_v in_o that_o island_n with_o which_o the_o whole_a quantity_n of_o fish_n that_o be_v buy_v by_o other_o merchant_n throughout_o the_o whole_a island_n of_o shotland_n be_v add_v together_o will_v amount_v to_o a_o very_a considerable_a sum_n or_o quantity_n to_o the_o lade_n of_o many_o vessel_n which_o may_v be_v much_o more_o improve_v and_o increase_n trading_n thereby_o furnish_v the_o inhabitant_n with_o money_n and_o commodity_n in_o the_o island_n of_o shotland_n there_o be_v beef_n and_o sheep_n sell_v at_o a_o very_a reasonable_a rate_n i_o buy_v for_o my_o own_o use_n and_o the_o victual_v the_o ship_n send_v to_o london_n three_o ox_n for_o 3_o l._n and_o at_o another_o time_n four_o ox_n for_o 5_o l._n which_o be_v fat_a and_o about_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o small_a sort_n of_o cattle_n we_o have_v in_o england_n there_o be_v also_o fat_a sheep_n sell_v for_o 2_o s._n and_o 2_o s._n 6_o d._n per_fw-la sheep_n there_o be_v also_o other_o creature_n for_o food_n as_o coney_n and_o fowl_n but_o desire_v not_o to_o multiply_v word_n i_o forbear_v to_o mention_v they_o the_o fuel_n or_o fire_v in_o shotland_n be_v peat_n and_o turf_n there_o may_v be_v salt-pan_n set_v up_o there_o and_o good_a salt_n make_v to_o serve_v all_o the_o fish_n fleet._n there_o be_v very_o good_a shore_n for_o land_v and_o dry_v of_o net_n and_o make_v and_o dry_v fish_n there_o be_v no_o night_n in_o the_o north_n of_o shotland_n part_n of_o two_o month_n in_o the_o year_n as_o june_n and_o july_n in_o a_o island_n north_n of_o oun_v be_v not_o inhabit_v but_o stock_v with_o wild_a cow_n and_o coney_n i_o do_v kill_v with_o my_o bird_a piece_n ten_o couple_n of_o coney_n in_o one_o night_n shoot_v from_o a_o little_a before_o sunset_n to_o sunrising_n and_o it_o be_v as_o light_a as_o a_o cloudy_a winter-day_n i_o do_v not_o remember_v any_o frost_n or_o snow_n in_o shotland_n if_o any_o it_o be_v not_o of_o long_a continuance_n the_o cold_a weather_n be_v by_o reason_n of_o great_a wind_n in_o the_o winter-quarter_n the_o wind_n blow_v so_o violent_a that_o no_o ship_n dare_v look_v on_o the_o north-coast_n so_o that_o the_o people_n of_o those_o island_n have_v little_a commerce_n with_o other_o nation_n in_o that_o quarter_n i_o can_v speak_v by_o experience_n be_v blow_v down_o flat_a to_o the_o ground_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n be_v force_v to_o creep_v on_o my_o hand_n and_o knee_n to_o the_o next_o wall_n and_o go_v by_o the_o wall_n get_v into_o a_o house_n or_o else_o must_v have_v stay_v by_o the_o wall_n till_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n be_v over_o sometime_o it_o last_v half_o a_o day_n and_o sometime_o more_o there_o be_v several_a town_n in_o shotland_n so_o call_v be_v about_o eight_o or_o ten_o house_n together_o where_o they_o plough_v and_o sow_v corn_n as_o oat_n which_o be_v their_o chief_a bread_n and_o if_o my_o memory_n do_v not_o much_o deceive_v i_o there_o be_v good_a barley_n grow_v in_o my_o time_n but_o the_o land_n may_v be_v much_o improve_v if_o the_o inhabitatant_n be_v industrious_a they_o be_v like_a unto_o the_o idle_a irish_a not_o improve_n any_o thing_n either_o by_o sea_n or_o land_n spend_v that_o in_o the_o winter_n which_o they_o get_v in_o summer_n although_o their_o winter_n may_v be_v very_o profitable_a unto_o they_o if_o they_o be_v laborious_a and_o industrious_a as_o the_o hollander_n be_v the_o good_n and_o commodity_n that_o be_v vendible_a in_o shotland_n be_v hook_n and_o line_n for_o the_o take_n of_o ling_n and_o cod_n net_n for_o the_o take_n of_o herring_n strong-beer_n biscuit_n wheaten_n meal_n salt_n pease_n fruit_n of_o all_o sort_n strong-water_n monmouth-cap_n and_o many_o other_o particular_n which_o be_v not_o needful_a at_o this_o time_n to_o mention_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o island_n of_o oun_v usual_o have_v a_o bark_n that_o they_o trade_n with_o to_o norway_n where_o they_o may_v buy_v timber_n for_o house_n ready_a frame_v also_o deal-board_n tar_n ship_n bark_n and_o boat_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o other_o necessary_n for_o their_o use_n with_o their_o small_a fishing-boat_n call_v yall_n they_o will_v row_v into_o the_o main_a about_o two_o or_o three_o league_n more_o or_o less_o where_o the_o bank_n be_v that_o they_o lay_v their_o hook_n and_o line_n for_o ling_n and_o cod_n in_o one_o of_o these_o boat_n row_v with_o two_o man_n and_o sometime_o four_o according_o to_o the_o largeness_n of_o the_o boat_n they_o do_v usual_o bring_v to_o shore_n every_o morning_n that_o they_o go_v to_o sea_n about_o fifty_o or_o sixty_o ling_n and_o cod._n
distance_n be_v first_o to_o delve_v a_o plot_n of_o land_n 4_o foot_n square_a and_o let_v the_o 4_o angle_n point_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o square_a lie_n north-east_n northwest_n southeast_n and_o south-west_n that_o the_o plant_n which_o be_v to_o be_v part_v in_o those_o plot_n may_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o sun_n all_o the_o day_n this_o perform_v then_o cast_v up_o a_o small_a trench_n or_o ditch_n a_o foot_n deep_a if_o there_o be_v so_o much_o good_a earth_n and_o 18_o inch_n wide_a let_v all_o this_o earth_n be_v even_o lay_v on_o the_o plot_n delve_v the_o clod_n hack_v or_o cut_v small_a and_o the_o grass_n and_o weed_n gather_v or_o weed_v out_o this_o do_v set_v or_o plant_v one_o seed_n or_o plant_v about_o a_o foot_n from_o each_o point_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o square_a plot_n and_o in_o the_o middle_a one_o than_o you_o will_v have_v 5_o seed_n or_o plant_n in_o this_o quadrat_fw-la now_o at_o every_o 30_o foot_n distance_n throughout_o the_o acre_n of_o 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