Earls and nine hundred Barons not Titular only but men of great Estates It hath had twenty six Kings of several Countries beginning first with the Norman race and now being in the hand of Spain The disease called now the French Pox was first in all Christendome found here The Arms of this Kingdome are Azure seme of Fleur de Lices Or a file of three Labels Gules It s revenue is two millions and an half of Crowns whereof twenty thousand are the Popes for his chief rent and the rest so exhausted in maintaining Garrisons upon the Natives and a strong Navy against the Turks that the King of Spain receiveth not a fourth part theâ—…eof clearly It hath twenty Arch-bishops and one hundred twenty seven Bishops-seas This Crown and Kingdom hath been in long dispute between France and Spain Charles the Eighth of France won and lost it in a Dream so transitory was his possession of it much blood being spilt in the quarrel The Duke of Guise of the Family of Lorrain now pretends a right to it and hath attempted the Conquest of it of late years twice being called in by the Citizens of Naples in 1647. after that famous insurrection in the City of Naples under Mâ—…ssianelio the Fisherman who led and commanded 100000 men at his beck and pleasure for 14. dayes at the end whereof he and his mutinous Government expired being supposed to be poysoned by the Artifice of the Spaniard In the year 1654. the same Duke of Guise having better retained in mind the Courtshâ—…ps of the Neapolitans than his own misfortunes and his promises made at Madrid where he was kept prisoner from the time that Naples was reduced 1647. equipped another Fleet from that Kingdome from Toulon and Marseilles which nâ—…rrowly escaped the English Fleet under General Blake designed against it and after much bad weather landed and was defeated by the Spanish Vice-roy his Lieutenant General Marquis du Plessis being killed in the place with 2000 more and so the French were forced to re-imbarque and the Expedition frustrated The Spaniards how quietly hold it from the Papacy by a fealty Present yearly of a White Horse to his Holyness The Kingdom of Sicilia in Italy is situate under the fourth climate the longest day being thirteen hours and an half it shoots forth into the Sea with three Capes or Promontories The People are Ingenious Eloquent and Pleasant but withall very inconstant and full of talke they Invented Oratory Pastorall Eclogues Hour-glasses with Military Engins The Soyl is incredibly fruitfull in Wine Oyl Honey Minerals of Gold Silver and Allum together with plenty of Salt and Sugar there are also gems of Agats and Emeralds it yieldthe also great store of the richest Silk hath most excellent and delicious Fruits both for tast and colour with abundance also of all sorts of Grain Here is the hill Aetna which many have taken to be Hell and ignorant Papists Purgatory because of its sending forth of flames of fire which eth brimstone there causeth It hath many Cities Rivers and Lakes of which I cannot stand to treat There were eight Kings of Sicilia six of the first whereof were called to rule In the year one thousand two hundred eighty one the house of Arragon governed it and there hath succeeded ten Kings It is now united to the Crown of Spain the revenue is eight hundred thousand some say a million of Ducats disbursed again on the entertainment of the Vice-Roy defence of the Island the Arms are four Pallets Gules Sable being those of Arragon between two Flanches Argent charged with as many Eâ—…g'es Sable beaked Gules It hath had seven Princes four Dukes thirteen Marquisses fourteen Earls one Viscount and fourty eight Barons the People are Papists and have three Arch-bishops and nine Bishops The Island and Kingdom of Sardinia in Italy lieth west from Sicilie from the neerest point Cape Boy or Cape Bara It is distant about two hundred miles it is in length one hundred eighty miles ninety in breadth five hundred sixty in the circuit and is situate under the fourteenth Climate the longest day being fourteen houres there is neither Wolf nor Serpent neither venomous or hurtful beast but the Fox only and a little creature like a Spider which will by no means endure the sight of the Sun except held by violence Some pools it hath very plentiful of Fish but generally are so destitute of River-water that they are fain to keep the rain which falls in winter for their use in summer by means whereof and for that there is no passage for the Northern Winds being obstructed by the high Mountains neer Cape Lugudori the air is generally unhealthy if not pestilential The soil is very fertile but ill manured well stored with all sorts of cattel the horses hereof hot head-strong and hard to be broken but will last long the bullocks naturally gentle so that the Country-man doth as familiarly ride them as they do in Spain on Mules or Asses Here is also the beast called Mufr nes or Muscriones found in Corsica also but in no other part of Europe somewhat resembling a Stagg but of so strong an hide that it is used by the Italian in stead of Armour of the skin of which carryed to Cordova in Spain and there dressed is made the right Cordovant leather also there is an Herb whereof if one eat it is said that he will die with laughter the Herb being of such a poysonous nature that it causeth the Man to die with such a convulsion of sinews that he seemeth to grinn or laugh at the time of his death The People are small of stature their Complexion inclining unto swarthiness rude in Manners very slothful and rebellious yet given to Hunting their Diet mean their Apparel in Towns Gorgeous in Villages base their Religion Papistically formal little Curious their Clergy being counted the most illiterate and ignorant in that part of the World called Christendome it is now in the hands of the King of Spain governed by a Vice-Roy who resides at Calaris and must of necessity be a Spaniard under whom are two Deputies-Governours Spaniards also inferiour Officers of command may be of the natives what profits arise here to the King of Spain I have no where found The arms hereof are said to be Or a cross Gules betwixt four Saracens heads Sable curled argent There are also divers small Islands belonging thereunto And lastly it hath three Arch-bishops and fifteen Bishops The lands of the Church or the Popes Dominions in Italy lie west of the Realm of Naples extended north and south from the Adriatick to the Tuscan-Seas bounded on the north-east with the river Trontus on the south-east with the Axofenus by which two it is parted from that Kingdom as on the north-west by the rivers Poe and Frore by which it is separated from the State of Venice and on the southwest by the river Pisco by which it is divided from the modern Tuscany
briefly of the Globe of the whole Earth and things incident thereunto then more particularly of the several parts thereof and every remarkable Country in each part as I promised in the beginning The Globe of the earth therefore is defined to be a spherical body proportionably composed of earth and water the two parts thereof The parts of the earth are either real or imaginary The real parts are either Continents or Islands A Continent is a great quantity of Land not interlaced or separated by the Sea wherein many Kingdomes and Principalites are contained as Europe Asia Africa and America An Island called in Latin insula quasi in salo is a part of the earth environed round with water as Brittain Iava St. Laurence Isle Bermoodes Now these again are sub-divided into a Peninsula Isthmus and a Promontory A peninsula is such a tract of Land which being almost incompassed round by waters is nevertheless joyned to the firm land by some little Isthmus as Peloponesus Taurica Cymbrica and Pervana An Isthmus is a little narrow neck of land which joyneth any peninsula to the Continent as the straits of Dariene in Peru and Corinth in Greece A Promontory is some high mountain which shooteth it self into the Sea the utmost end of which is called a Cape as that great Cape of good hope and Cape Verde in Africa Cape Gomerie in Asia and that of St. Michaels mount in Cornwall the North Cape in Norway and divers others There are also other real parts of the earth as mountains valleys fields plains woods and the like The other general part of the Globe is the water divided into the Ocean Secondly the Sea Thirdly the Straights Fourthly Creeks The Ocean is the general collection of all waters which invironeth the whole world on every side The Sea is part of the Ocean to which we cannot come but through some strait as the Mediterranean Sea the Baltick Sea and the like These two take their names either from the adjacent places as the Brittish Ocean the German sea the Atlantick sea and the like Or from the first Discoverer as the Magellanick sea Forbushers Straits or from some remarkable accident as the Red-sea from the red colour of the sands and the like Thirdly a Straight is a part of the Ocean restrained within narrow bounds and opening a way to the sea as the Straits of Gibralter Hellespont Anian Fourthly a Creek is a crooked shore thrusting forth as it were two arms to embrace and affectionately to hold the Sea as the Adriatick Persian and Corinthian Creek Hitherto belong Rivers Brooks and Fountains engendred of congealed air in the earths concavities and seconded by Sea-waters creeping through hidden crannies thereof Thus much of the real parts of the Earth in general The compass of the whole earth is cast by our latest learned Geographers twenty one thousand six hundred English miles which we thus compute We see by continued experience that the Sun for every degree in the heavens gains sixty miles upon the earth towards his circuit round and after three hundred sixty degrees returneth to the same point in respect of us as before it was Add the number of sixty so oft and you will find the account the same and so by proportion of the circumference to the Diameter which is tripla sesqui septima the same which twenty two hath to seven We may count likewise the earths thickness to the center The whole Diameter by rule being less than a third part of the circuit That in the proportion to twenty one thousand six hundred will be six thousand eight hundred seventy two half the number will reach the middle of the world and that is three thousand four hundred thirty six being considered with great exactness as the measure of such a great bulk as the earth is can easily be taken and comprehended Geographers attribute unto the earth five circles The first is the Equinoctial when the Sun in his course is come thereunto about the eleventh of March and September the day and the night are of equal length through the whole earth It is also termed the Equator and by the Sea-faring men the middle Line because it divideth the earth into two equal parts of which the one lyeth towards the north the other towards the south and because it is in the middest between the two poles of the world one in the north the other in the south The second circle is called the Tropick of the Crabb because when the Sun is come thither about the tenth of Iune it returneth by little and little unto the Equator And then unto them that dwell on the north-side of the Equator is the day longest and shortest to them that dwell on the south-side thereof This circle is distinct from the Equinoctial Twenty three Degrees three Minutes and an half Northward The third is called the Tropick of Capricorn because the Sun being come thereto on the eleventh of December turneth his course backward to the Equator and then contrariwise to them who live on the north of the Equator is the day shortest and longest to them on the south thereof it is distant from the Equinoctial southward twenty three degrees thirty one minutes and an half The fourth is called the Artickcircle the fifth the Antartick of which the one is distant twenty three degrees thirty one minutes and an half from the north pole the other just so many from the south pole And are described by the revolution of heaven from the poles of the Zodiack which is the Sun Mercator the ancient Astronomer understood by the Arctick circle not onely that aforesaid but also every circle whose half Diameter answereth to the pole in any place whatsoever and containeth according to the Altitude of every Countrey certain stars which never set but alwayes are above the earth so that in all regions differing in Latitude this circle is diverse as also is the Antartick Now the four lesser circles the two Tropicks and polar circles do fitly part the earth into five Zones that is to say girdles because they compass like bands the round Globe of the earth The first of these Zones lyeth under the Artick or north circle and is called the cold north Zone the second lyeth under the Antartick or south circle and is called the cold south Zone the third is situate in the middle between the two Tropicks called the scorched Zone the fourth lyeth under that which is between the north circle and the Tropick of Cancer and is called the temperate north Zone the fifth also is under that space which is between the Tropick of Capricorn and the south circle and is called the temperate south Zone Now to understand rightly the situation of Countries their Longitude and Latitude according to the mind of Geographers is to be known The Latitude of places which with the height of the Pole is alwayes one beginning at the Equinoctial is taken two manner of wayes either towards
sailing towards the North about on thousand six hundred forty further than Guinny discovered divers Lands and passing on the South-side sailed about the East coast of New Guinny and so going on Westward he came to the Indies whence we may certainly gather that all the former descriptions and definitions of the Magellanick and unknown Lands are but mean abuses and certain devised Fables These Lands and Countries being subdued in the space of 60 years with much blood and hazard were settled as his Dominions in the year 1550 from which time they have continued without any remarkable alteration setting aside some private inroads of the English Dutch and French till the business of Iamaica which now threatens some danger to the vast and potent body of the Spanish Empire Brazil This Province beginneth where Guana endeth at two degrees of south latitude where there is a point called the Cape of Snakes from whence it lyeth along the Coast of the North-Sea to twenty five degrees and on the back-side west lyeth the Provinces of the River of Plate The air is the whole year through very hot the Winter which your Summer distinguished only with the rain that falleth at that season Here are many venemous Worms and great Serpents 't is plentiful of Pastures Cattel and Horses little Millet and no English grain wherefore their bread is Casabi or Potatoes which are in great plenty There are great shews of silver and gold but none gotten nor Mines certainly known The chief commodity is Sugar Cotton-wool Bombast and Brazil wood It hath near the Sea-coast about 20. Portugal Towns many Ingeniowes or Sugerworks the first Town of the Country is called Tamerico and five leagues to the south of that Farnambuck or Recif then All Saints a hundred leagues from Farnambuck in fourteen degrees forty minutes The Town of the Sure-haven in 16 degrees and a half the Holy-Ghost in 20. There is another Town on the River Generio in twenty three degrees near which they cut much Brasil-wood There are on the coast eight or ten Ports more principal than the rest which are the River Saint Dominick northeast of Farnambuck by the Cape of Saint Augustine which standeth in nine degrees The Island of Tamerico before rehearsed the River of Saint Francis in ten degrees and a half It is very great The Bay of All Saints is three leagues and thirteen up into the land The River of Trinidado and the River of Canamon in 13 degrees and a half and the River of the Virgins in 16 and Portesceurae in 17. The River of Parague in twenty near the Town of Sanctus Spiritus and in twenty three degrees Cold Cape beyond Saint Vincent This Province hath been in difference betwen the Portugeses and West-India Company of Holland and as the Dutch got great footing there without right so the Portugals since their falling from Spain have surprized them again and recovered them by the same slight they got the East-Indies from us but not with such vile murthers as they committed on the English This Reconquest of it by the Portugal from the Dutch was in 1654 the strong Fort of Recif which held out the last being delivered to them with the whole Land by certain Articles which contained the whole surrender for which the Dutch General there Sigismond Schop at his comming home into Holland was tried for his life but his Friends or the Justice of his Cause preserved him And thus now God enabling me I have finished the Description of the World and the four parts thereof and leave my endeavours herein to the judgement of the Reader The chiefest Cities of America with the Names of the Rivers IN the Northern part of America are Greenland East-land and Iceland in which are the Towns of Bearford and Scalbod In Canada or new France are the Towns of Quebec and Port-Royal some degrees more southerly are New-England the New-Low-countries Virginia the Isles of Bermudes and more southerly of them the Islands of Barbadoes and Saint Christophers In Virginia are the towns of Iames In New-England the towns of Plimmouth and Boston the Rivers in Canada that be most famous are the River of Canada or Saint Lawrence the River of Chesseapeac or Powatan Trinity and the River of May. The Cities in New-Mexico that are most remarkable are the End and the Granado In Hispaniola is the City of Domingo in Cubai the City called Havana In the Isle of Iamaica the City called Sevilla In the Island of Boriquenrie Puerto-Rico In Florida is Saint Augustino In Mexico or New-Spain are these great Cities Mexico Mechoacan or Wallodolid Saint Estevan Del Puerto Los-Angeles Antequera De la Vetoria Meroda Guadalaida Compostella Saint Sebastian Saint Miguel Gernada and Zacateca There are also Saint Iago De Guatimala Guevetulan Cividad Real Verapax Valadolid or Commagaiva Leoa de Nicaragua Cartago La Conception Porto ello and Panama The Rivers here most famous are North of New-Mexico Spiritu Sancto towards the east Spiritu Sancto towards the west Econdido Panuco Barania Zacatula and Desaguadero de Nicaragua In Terra Firma are the famous Cities of Cartagena Saint Martha Saint Fe de Bogatta Na Sa de los Remedios Veneznella O Cori Cordova Lannuenâ—… O Comana Manoa O el Dorado In Peru are these remarkable Cities Cali Popaian Saint Francisco de Quito Bacca Saint Iuan de las Selinas Lima O los Reyes Cusco Potosi la Plata Sancta Cruz de la Sierra Saint Iago de Chili and L' Imperiale The Rivers which are most famous in Terra Firma and in Peru the River Grand O de Darien the River Grand O de Santa Martha Paria Orinoque Essequebe and Desaguedero de Peru. In the south part of America is Terra Magellanica where is the City of Del Rey Felippe there are the Magellan Isles and Terra del Foco. In Brasil are these fifteen memorable Cities Para Maranhan Ciara Potenii Paraiba Tamaraca Olinda Seregippe Saint Salvador Los Isteos Porto Seguro Spiritu Sancto Sancte Sebastian Los Santos and Farnambuck The Rivers in Brasile are Orelane or des Amazones Maragnan O de Mirari Tabacourn the great River of Potengi the River Zoyal In Ria de plata are the Cities of Saint Iago del Festero Cordova de Tucuman L. Assumtion Cividad Real O Ontiveros The River here that is most famous is called Paraguay FINIS A Catalogue of some Plates Maps Pictures and Copy-books that are Printed and Sold by John Overton dwelling at the sign of the White Horse next door to Little Saint Bartholomews Gate in Little Brittain General Maps A Map of the World A most excellent Map of England Scotland and Ireland A Map of France A new Map of England adorned and beautified with the chief Cities and Towns thereof more exact than hitherto Maps of Shires Kent two sheets Essex Surrey Hartfordshire Norfolk Suffolk Staffordshire Warwickshire Worcestershire Leicestershire and Rutland in one Cheshire Lancashire Virginia Pictures of Men in Quarto The Picture of Oliver Cromwell Sir Tho. Overbury Cardinal Wolsey Sir Tho. Gresham D. of Buckingham Prince Princess of Orange Prince Rupert Prince Maurice E. of Salisbury Mr. Brightman Bish. Usher Dr. Eravius M. Shelton Gen. Lashly L. Say E. of Pembrook E. of Manchester Great Sheets The Pourtraictures of their most excellent Majesties King Charles 2d and Queen Katherine most excellently Graven to the life beyond all Draughts before in Imperial Paper The Pourtraictures of all the Royal Progeny Battel of Nazeby 2 sheets with observations Dunbar-battel in 2 sheets 4 Plates of signs or badges for Inns or Taverns 42. The City of London Gunpowder Treason and 88. The Arms of the Trades and Corporations of London 74. A Death Jerusalem 2 sheets Collonel Ludlow on Horseback X Commandments X Persecutions of Christians Orpheus Copy-Books Some late Copy-Books by Ed. Cocker with several Books of Flowers Beasts Birds Flies and Worms very delightful and useful to all Naturalists A Book of Flowers and Fishes with the same curiosity of Art Davis Copy-Book Billingsley in Quarto Billingsley in Octavo One published by P. S. 2d by Lewis Hews 2d called Hancocks 22. Plates And all other sorts of Copy-Books that are to be had in London Books for Draughts of Men Birds Beasts Flowers Fruits Flyes Fishes c. 1 Book of J. Fullers Drawings 15. plates 1 Book of Draughts of Mr. Hollars work and Mr. Vanderburghs 18 plates Flora 13 plates Beasts Birds c. 1 Book of Birds sitting on sprigs 16 plates 1 Book of Beasts 1 Book of branches 11 plates 1 Book of Flowers 12 Plates for Cheese trenchers Pictures in Sheets of their Excellencies Rob. E. Essex Tho. L. Fairfax Also O. Cromwell Divers Pictures of Mr. Payn Hollar Faythorn Pumbarp Gaywood and other Artists works And all other sorts of Maps Pictures Copy-books c. that are usually sold in black and white and in Colour Minerva and 7 liberal Arts. FINIS The Earth The Air. The Fruits
which is exported and receiveth the Merchandize imported at the City of Arica Peru. THis Kingdom is governed by a Council and Viceroy It hath to the North the Council of Quito on the south Charchas and to the west the south-sea and to the east without limits This Kingdom is well peopled with civil orderly Indians that are in great subjection to the Spaniards Peru doth abound in all sorts of Fruits Seed Cattel Horses Sheep Swine rich Mines of Gold Silver Quick-silver plentifull of Wine Oil and Sugar The Andes runs through this Province within ten Leagues of the Sea In all which Coasts it never raineth but on the said hills it raineth continually and beyond as in other Regions The Plains between the Sea and the said Hills have few or no Rivers but the industry of the Inhabitants draw in trenches which are artificially made the water either from those few Rivers or from the side of the said Andes which maketh that the said plain is mighty populous fruitful and pleasant even as a Garden The City of Cusco is the head City of Peru by a Title that it hath from the King of Spain It lyeth in 13 degrees and a half south of the Equinoctial It is a very great City and hath four great streets that go to the four parts of the World It hath many Monasteries and Nunneries with a Cathedral and divers Schools of Indian Children Quito THis Kingdome is governed by a Council whose bounds lyeth between Peru and Panama It hath two mighty Countreys or Provinces within his circuit that is to say first Quits and then Popyan Quito lieth between Peru and Popyan on the south sea and far into the land under the Equinoctial line and contrary to the opinion of the Ancients it is a most wholsome temperate Countrey and rather cold than hot in most places of it In those places where the Snow continues all the year it raineth from October to March which they call Winter This Province is rich in Mines of Emralds and Gold Silver and Quick-silver plentiful of English Grain and Cattel Horse and Swine This Region is happy in the temperature of the Air there being neither extreme cold nor heat as lying Equinoctial to these extremes and which is more delightful to mans nature always a clear Skie The Province of Popyan lyeth between Quito and Panama the greatest part of it is Inland yet doth it for a good way lie on the south sea The Eastern part bordereth on the Kingdom of Granado and Cartagena The temperature of Air is very different in this place for here are some places indifferent temperate and cool other places are very hot and sickly This Province hath some Indians peaceable other some extraordinary savage insomuch that about the Village of Arma and Canarna they eat not only those that they take in War cutting off slivers eating one part while the other liveth but sell their Children and the Sons their Fathers and Mothers to the Butchers who keep shambles of mans flesh This Countrey is exceeding rich in Gold Mines which maketh that the Spaniards endure the other inconveniencies of the Countrey with great patience Magellan-Straight This Straight is famous for the troublesome passage of Drake Candish and Haukins three English men Generals each in a several Fleet Drake and Candish being the first that sailed along the coast of Peru and so to the East Indies and came home by the cape of Bona Speranza circum-navigating the Globe The last being much over-matched was taken by the Spaniards on the coast of Peru and conveyed from thence Prisoner to Spain From whence with much difficulty he obtained his freedom although solemn engagements passed from the General his Taker for his freedome The entrance into this Straight is in 52 degrees and the coming out into the south sea the same height It is an extreme difficult passage by reason of the meeting of the north and south seas in the channell driving each other back prevailing as they are favoured by the wind which commonly bloweth there exceeding boisterously and cold There are divers Caves and Bayes in it but no encouragement for a Seaman to adventure that way The Inhabitants on this Straight are few and extreme savage neither is this passage any more in use for those that will go by the south of America to the East Indies or into the south sea to any part of the west coast of America have a more convenient passage south of this Straight in an open sea The entrance into it is called Lamair but the sea was discovered by Sir Francis Drake and Sir Richard Haukins both which were driven back by foul weather into those seas after they had passed the Strait On the coast of the south sea which lyeth between the Straight and Chilli there are no inhabitants save the wild Natives but it hath the Bay of Horses in 52 degrees and the Bay of Saint Iohn in 50. The cape of Saint Francis in 51. And 18 Leagues before you come to Port Hearnan the Bay of Galago in 48 degrees 40 Minutes and north of it the Bay of Kings and the Isle of Catilina then the Cape of Saint Andrew in 42 degrees where Chilia beginneth There is a coast between the River of Plate and the Straight of Magellan The Straight lyeth southwest from the mouth of this River and is distant thence 400 Leagues It hath on the said coast first the point of Saint Helena in 37 degrees the point of Francis in 38 the River of Canobi in 45. And to the south the Isle of Ducks And in 47 the River of Seriani and in 49 the Port of Saint Iulian the River of Sancta Crux in 50. And 12 leagues before you come to the Straight of Ilefonsus But the Land possest with no other but the Natives which are a Giantly people This Magellanica belongs to the King of Spain which some Geographers would have now the fifth part of the World it is since found out to be a very little part as consisting only of some few Islands on the southern side of the Magellanick-Straights so called by Fredericus Magellanicus who discovered it in the year one thousand five hundred and twenty writing moreover that there he had seen tall men about nine and ten foot high and he saw many fires which the inhabitants had kindled doubtless by reason of the coldnesse of the weather he named it the land of fire or smoky whereby he presumed the more that it must needs be a very vast great countrey reaching east and westwards unto new Guinney according to which ghessing it hath hitherto been delineated by the Maps of Geographers but since hath there instead thereof a large and wide sea been found out both by Iacob Le Mair who in the year one thousand six hundred and sixteen sayling about the southern coast of these Islands entred into the Indies and by Iohn Davis in the year one thousand six hundred forty two who