Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	island_n	lie_v	southeast_n	1,852	5	13.2653	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A07619	The abridgement or summarie of the Scots chronicles with a short description of their originall, from the comming of Gathelus their first progenitor out of Græcia into Egypt. And their comming into Portingall and Spaine, and of their kings and gouernours in Spaine, Ireland and Albion, now called Scotland, (howbeit the whole number are not extant) with a true chronologie of all their kings. Their reignes, deaths and burials, from Fergusius the first king of Scotland, vntill his Royall Maiestie, now happily raigning ouer all Great Brittaine and Ireland, and all the isles to them appertaining. With a true description and diuision of the whole realme of Scotland, and of the principall cities, townes, abbies, fortes, castles, towers and riuers, and of the commodities in euery part thereof, and of the isles in generall, with a memoriall of the most rare and wonderfull things in Scotland. By Iohn Monipennie.	Monipennie, John.	1612 (1612)	STC 18014	80,300	130

Horse it hath fiue great Riuers rich in Salmond and many little waters plenty of Salmond and other Fishes The Sea running in the land on all sides make many Salt waters Thrée principall and 13. others all rich in Herring There is in it a fresh water Loch and ●…e Castles About the Skye lye little Ilands scattered here and there Oronsa fertill in Corne and store Cunicularia full of Bushes and Connyes next is Paba 8. miles frō Paba Southwest lyes Scalpa which besides sundry other commodities hath woods full of troopes of Déere Betwixt the mouth of Zochcarron and Raorsa lies Crulinga 7. miles of length and two of bredth there is a sure Hauen in it for ships There are in it also woods full of Bucke and Déere Halfe a mile from Crulinga is Rona full of wood and hadder with a good Hauen in the innermost Lorh thereof in the mouth of the same Lorh is an Iland of the same Name called Ger-loch From Rona sixe miles Northward lyes Flada Two miles from Flada Euilmena Upon the South side of Skye lyes Oronsa and a mile from it Knya Pabra and great Bina and then fiue little Ilands Next vnto them is Isa fertill in Cornes Beside it is Ouia then Askerma and Lindell●… 8. miles from Skye Southward lyes Linga and Gigarmena Benera Megala Pana Flada Scarpa Veruecum Sandara Vatersa which by many other good commodityes hath a Hauen commodious for a number of great Ships whereinto Fishermen of all Countreys about conuene certayne times of the yere ordinarily These last nine Ilands are subiect to the Bishop of the Iles. Two miles from Vatersa is Barra running from the Northwest to the Southeast seuen miles in length fruitfull of cornes and aboundant in Fish there runneth in it a Lorh with a narrow throat growing round and wide within in it there is an Inche and therein a strong Castle Upon the Northside of Barra there riseth an Hill full of Hearbs from the foote to the head vpon the top whereof is a fresh water Well The spring that runneth from this Well to the next Sea caryes with it little things like as they were quicke but hauing the shape of no beast which appeare although obscurely in some respect to represent the fish that is commonly called Cockles The people that dwell there call the part of the shore whereunto these things are carryed The great Sands because that when the Sea ebbes there appeares nothing but dry Sands the space of a mile Out of these Sands the people dig out great Cockles which the Neighbours about iudge eyther to grow as it were of that séede that the springs doe bring from the well or else indéede to grow in that Sea Betwixt Barra and Wist lye these Ilands Oronsa Onia Hakerseta Garnlanga Flada great Buya little Buya Haya Hell S●… Gigaia Lingaia Foraia Fudaia Erisoaia From these Ilands Vistus lyes Northward 34. miles of length and 6. of bredth The tide of the Sea running in two places of this I le causeth it to appeare thrée Ilands but when the tide is out it becommeth all one Iland In it are many fresh water Loches specially one thrée miles long The Sea hath worne in vpon the Land and made it selfe a passage to this Loch and can neuer be holden out albeit the Inhabitants haue made a wall of 60. foote broad to that effect The water entereth in amongst the stones that are builded vp together and leaues behind it at the ebbe many Sea Fishes There is a Fish in it like to the Salmond in all things except that with the white wombe it hath a blacke backe and wanteth scales In this Iland are many fresh water Loches sundry Caues couered with Hadder In it are fiue Churches Eyght miles West from it lyes Hel●…ther Vetularum pertayning to the Nunnes of the I le of Ione A little further North riseth Haneskera about this Iland at certayne times of the yéere are many Sealches they are taken by the Countrey men Southwest almost 60. miles lyes Hirta fertill in Cornes and store and specially in Shéepe greater then any other Shéepe in any other Ilands About the 17. day of Iune the Lord of this Iland sendeth his Chamberlayne to gather his dutyes and with him a Minister who baptizeth all the Children that are borne the yéere preceding and if the Minister come not euery man baptizeth his owne Child This Hirtha is the last and farthest Ile in Albion so that betwixt the I le of Man being the first I le in Albion and this I le there is 377. miles Returning to Wistus from the north point thereof is the Iland Velaia two miles long and one mile of bredth Betwixt this point and the Iland 〈◊〉 lyes Soa Stroma Pabaia Barneraia E●…saia Keligira little Saga great Saga Harmodra Scaria Grialinga Cillinsa Hea Hoia little Soa great Soa Isa great Seuna little Seuna Taransa Slegana Tuemon All these Ilands are fruitfull of Cornes and store Aboue Horea is Scarpa And halfe a mile towards the West Equinoctiall from the Lewis lys seuen little Ilands named Flananae some holy place in old times of girth or refuge rising vp in hill●…s full of Hearbs Further North in the same ranke lyes Garn-Ellan that is she hard I le Lamba Flada Kellasa little Bernera great Bernera Kirta great Bina little Bina Vexaia Pabaia great Sigrama Cunicularia plenty of Conyes little Sigrama The Iland of the Pigmeis wherein there is a Church in which the Pigmeis were buried as they that are neighbours to this Iland beléeue Sundry strangers digging déepely in the ground sometimes haue found yet to this day doe find very little round heads and other little bones of mans body which seemes to approue the truth and apparance of the common bruite In the Northeast side of the Iland Leogus there are 2. Loches running foorth of the Sea named The North and South Loches wherein at all times of the yéere there is abundance of Fish for all men that list to take them From the same side of the Loch somewhat more Southerly lyes Fabilla Adams Iland The Lambe Iland Item Hulmetia Viccoilla Hana Rera Laxa Era The Dowe Iland Tora Affurta Scalpa Flada Senta at the East side thereof there is a passage vnder the earth vaulted aboue a flight shoote of length into the which little Boates may eyther sayle or row for eschewing of the violent tide Somewhat Eastwards lyes an Iland named Old Castle a roome strong of nature and plenty of Cornes Fish and Egges of Sea Fowles to nourish the Inhabitants At that side where Lochbrien enters is situate the Iland Ew More Northerly lyes the Iland Grumorta both these Ilands full of Wood. The Iland named The Priests Iland lyes the same way profitable for pastorage of Shéepe and full of Sea Fowles Next vnto it is Afulla and great Habrera then little Habrera and néere vnto it The Horse I le and then Marta Ika These last mentioned Ilands lye all before the

of Culane situate vpon the sea coast Next lies the lands of Straithbogy where is the Castle and Pallace of Straithbogy the speciall residence of the Marquesse of Huntley the Castles of Fendrough Pitlurge Carnbarrow Rothemay the Lord Saltouns chiefe residence Kinnardi Crombie Achindore Lesmore Balwany Blarsindy Drymmyn Dusky Ballindalloch Balla Castle and Aikenway these foresaid countries are plenteous in cornes bestiall and in fishings Next vpon the North is the water Spey abundant in Salmond and all new fishes Endlong Spey lies Murrey-Land wherein is situate the Citie of Elgyn vpon the water of Lossy the Bishop of Murreyes seat and speciall residence with a Church most curiously and sumptuously builded which now in part decayes In Murrey are many strong Castles other strong houses as the Castles of Blairy Monynesse the ancient strong Castle of Vrquhart the Castles of Spynay with a pleasant Loch abounding in fishes the Castles of Innes and Duffus the Castle and towne of Forres the great Castle of Tornuaye the principall residence of the Earle of Murrey The Castles of Cadall and Kilrauicke with diuers Gentlemens strong stone houses adiacent about the towne of olde Erne In Murrey are two famous Abbeyes Pluscardy and Kinlus the Castle of Louat the Lord Louats residence There is also the most ancient towne of Innernes and the strong Castles thereof situate on the water of Naes which descends from a Loch named Loch Naes thirtie foure miles in length this water of Naes is alwaies warme and neuer freezeth in such sort as in winter time yee falling into it is dissolued by the heat therof West from Lochnes there lies eight miles of continent ground And that small peece is the onely impediment that the Seas ioyne not and make the remanent of Scotland an Iland for all the land that lies betwixt the strait and the Deucalidon Sea is cutte by creekes and Loches of salt water running into the land From the mouth of Naesse where it enters in the Germane Sea North lies Rosse shooting in the Sea in great Promontories or heads The countrey of Rosse is of greater length nor breadth extending from the Germane to the Deucalidon Sea where it riseth in craggy and wilde hils and yet in the plaine fields thereof there is as great fertilitie of corne as in any other part of Scotland There is in Rosse pleasant dales with waters Loches full of fishes specially Lochbroome It is broad at the Deucalidon sea and growes narrow by little and little turning Southward from the other shore the Germane Sea winning the selfe an entrie betwixt high clintes runs within the land in a wide bosome and makes an healthfull port and sure refuge against all tempests and stormes the entrie of it is easie and within it is a very sure hauen against all iniuries of Sea and a hauen for great nauies of ships Loch-broome is abundant of Salmond and all other fishes The townes in Rosse are the City of the Channory the Bishops seat with a strong Castle the towne of Rosemarky the Castles of Read-castle Dingwall the Abbey of Bewly the castles of Cromarty Miltoun Fowlis Ballingoun the town of Tane the Castles of Catboll Torbat Loselun Kayne with many others the waters in Rosse are Cromarty the water Tane the water of Naes Also Mountains of Allabaster and hils of white marble there is many other parts in Rosse too longsome to describe Next Rosse lies Sutterland the speciall towne is D●…norch with a strong Castle the Castls of Skibow Pulrossy Skelbo Clyne Dunrobene the Earle of Sutherlands residence with goodly Orchards where growes good Saphron the riuers are Ferryhuns Brora Helmsdeaill abundant in Salmond and other fishes and good store of bestial there is also hilles of white Marble with salt and coale Next Sutherland lies Stranauern the castle of Far where the lord of Makky hath his speciall residence The Castles of Tunge this countrey Stratleigh with sundry Ilands as Ship-Iland Hyp-Iland Marten-Iland Conne-Iland are vnknown to the Author Next lies Caithnes where it marches with Stranauerne is the furthest North countrey of all Scotland and those two draw the breadth of Scotland in a narrow front In thē are three Promontories or heads the highest wherof is in Stranauern called Orcas or Taruidum the other two not so high are in Caithnes Veruedrum now named Hoya and B●…rebrum now called Dunsby at the foot of this hill there is a pretie hauen for them that trauell from Orknay by Sea there is mountains called Ordhead Hoburnhead Madēs Pape the Castle of Berydale with a riuer abundant in Salmond other fishes The Castle of Dumbeth with a goodly riuer with the towns of Wcik Thirso with Ichone a riuer The Castle of Gerniggo the Earle of Caithnes special residence The Castles of Akergile Keis Pressik old Weik Ormly Skrabstar Dunray Brawl and May Dunnethead isa hil of Marble the riuers are the riuer of Berridale Dunberth Weik Thirso Fors. This countrey is abundant in cornes bes●…all Salmond all other fishes Of the Iles of Scotland in generall NOw refleth it to speake somewhat of the Iles they are diuided which as it were Crowne Scotland in three classes or rankes the West Iles Orknay Iles Shetland Iles the west Iles lye in the Deucalidon sea from Ireland almost to Orkenay vpon the west side of Scotland they are called Hebrides and by some Aebudae They are scattered into the Deucalidon sea to the number of three hundreth and aboue Of old the kings of Scotland kept these Iles in their possession vntill the time of Donald brother to King Malcolme the third who gaue them to the King of Norway vpon condition that he should assist him in vsurping of the Kingdome of Scotland against law and reason The Danes and Norway people kept possession of them for the space of 160. yeares and then King Alexander the third ouercomming the Danes and Norway men in a great battell thrust them out of the Iles yet afterward they attempted to recouer their libertie partly trusting to their owne strength and partly mooued by seditions in the maine land of this Countrey creating Kings of themselues as not long ago Iohn of the house of Clandonald did vsurpe the name of King as others had done before In foode raiment and all things pertaining to their family they vse the ancient frugalitie of the Scots Their bankets are hunting and fishing They seeth their flesh in the tripe or else in the skinne of the beast filling the same full of water Now and then in hunting they straine out the bloud and eate the flesh raw Their drinke is the broth of sodden flesh They loue very well the drinke made of whey and kept certaine yeeres drinking the same at feasts It is named by them Blandium The most p●…rt of them drinke water Their custome is to ●…ake their bread of Oates Barly which are the onely kinds of graine that grow in those parts Experience with

it Mo●…ochasgia Drinacha full of Thornes and Bourtrée ouercouered with the ruines of old houses Wricht●…un fertill of Wood. Item Ransa Kernera The greatest Iland next vnto Iura Westward is Yla foure and twentie miles in length and sixetéene of bredth extended from the South to the North abundant in store Cornes Déere and Lead there is a fresh water in it called Lai●… and a Créeke of salt water and therein are many Ilands There is also a fresh water Loch wherein stands the Iland named Falingania sometime the chiefe seate of all the Iles Men. There the Gouernour of the Iles vsurping the name of a King was wont to dwell Neere vnto this Iland and somewhat lesse then it is the round Iland taking the name from Counsell for therein was the Iustice seat and fouretéene of the most worthy of the Countrey did minister Iustice vnto all the rest continually and intreated of the waighty affayres of the Realme in Counsell whose great equitie and discretion kept peace both at home and abroad and with peace was the companion of peace abundance of all things Betwixt Ila and Iura lyes a little Iland taking the name from a Cairne of stones At the south of Ila doel ye Colurna Muluoris Ossuna Brigidana Corskera The low Iland ●…mersga Beathia Texa Ouicularia Noasiga Vinarda Caua Tarsheria The great Iland Auchnarra The Iland made like a Man The Iland of Iohn S●…badis At the west corner of Il●… Iyes Ouersa whereth●… Sea is most tempostuous and at certayne houres ●…gable The Marchants Iland and South westwards from it Vs●…brasta Tanasta and Nefa The Weauers Iland 8. miles from Ila somewhat North lyes Ornansa Next vnto it the Swines Iland Halfe a mile from Ornansa Col●…ansa North from Col●…ansa lyes the Mule 20. miles from Ila This I le is 24. miles of length and as much in bredth fruitfull of Cornes there are many Woods in it and many Heards of Déere and a good Hauen for Ships there are in it two waters well spred of Salmond Fishes and some stripes not empty thereof There are also two Loches in it and in euery one an Iland and in euery Iland a Tower The Sea running in this Iland at 4. sundry parts makes 4. salt water Loches therein all 4. abounding in Herring To the Northwest lyes Columbaria or the Dowe Iland to the Southeast Era both the one and the other profitable for Bea●…iall Cor●… and for fishings From this Iland lyes the Iland of Sanctcolm●… two miles of length and more then a mile of bredth fertill of all things renowned by the ancient Monuments of the Countrey There were two Abbeyes in this Iland and a Court or a Parish Church with many Chappels builded of the liberality of the Kings of Scotland and Gouernours of the Iles. There is as yet remayning amongst the old Ruines a Buriall place or Church-yard common to all the Noble Families of the West Iles wherein there are thrée Tombes higher then the rest distant one from another a little space and thrée little Houses situated to the East builded seuerally vpon the thrée Tombes vpon the West side are stones grauen which stand in the middest bearing this title The Tombes of the Kings of Scotland It is sayd there were 48. Kings of Scotland buried there The Tombe vpon the rightside hath this inscription The Tombes of the Kings of Ireland It is recorded that there were foure Kings of Ireland buried there Upon the left side it hath this inscription The Tombes of the Kings of Norway The report is that there were 8. Kings of that Nation ●…uryed there The notable houses of the Iles haue their T●…nbes in the rest of the Church-yard seuerally by themselues About this Iland and ●…re vnto it there are s●…e Ilands right fruitfull giuen by the ancient Kings of Scotland and Gouernours of the Iles to the Abbey of Sanctcolme So●… is a very profitable ground for shéep but the chiefe commodityes of it consist in Sea Fowles that build there●…t specially of their Egges Next vnto it is the I le of Women then Rudana Néere vnto it Be●…nira and from that Skennia halfe a mile distant from the Mule The Sea sides of it abo●… in C●…es Fiue miles hence lyeth Fro●… All their Iles are subiect to Sanctcolmes Abbey Two miles from Fresa lyeth V●…lua fiue miles of length fruitfull of Corne and shore with a commodious Hauen for Gallies or ●…ates Upon the South side of it lyeth Toluansa with a Wood of Nut●…s reas●…able fruitfull About thrée hundred paces from this Iland lyeth Gomatra two miles long and one mile bro●…d extending from the North to the South From Go●… foure miles Southward lye two S●…affae both full of ●…ing places From thence foure miles Southeast lye the two Ke●…burgae the more and the lesse enui●…oned with such sho●…e high and furious fide that by their owne naturall de●… supported somewhat by the industrie of man they are altogether inuincible One mile from them lyes an Iland the whole earth is blac●…e whereof the people make Peat●… for their 〈◊〉 Next lyeth Longa two miles of length and B●…cha halfe as much From Bacha sixe miles lyes Tiria eyght miles in length and thrée in bredth most fertill of all the Ihon●…s it 〈◊〉 in store Cornes Fishings and Sea to wie●… In this ●…and there is a fresh water Lorh therein an old Castle with a good hauen for Boates. From this Iland two miles lies Sunna and from Sunna as farre lieth Colla 12. miles of length and 2. miles of breadth a fertill Iland Not farre from it is Culsa almost full of wood and then two Ilands named Mekle Viridis and Little Viridis Item other two of the same names Ouer-against the Mules head and not farre from it lye two Ilands named Glassae and then Arden-Eider that is the high land of the Rider Then Luparia or the Woolfe Iland and after it a great I le lying north from Colla extending East and West Then Ruma 16. miles in length and 6. in bredth the Sea-Fowles lay there Eggs here and there in the ground in the middest of Spring time when the Eggs are layd any man may take of them In the high Rocks the Solayne Géese are taken in aboundance From this Iland foure miles North-East-ward lyes the Horse Iland From it halfe a mile The Swine Iland fruitfull enough in all things necessary the Falcon builded in it with a good Hauen Not farre from it lyes Canna and Egga fertill enough In Egga are Solayne G●…ese Soabrittella profitable for hunting From this Iland is the I le of Skye the greatest of all the Ilands that are about Scotland lying North and South 40. miles in length and 8. miles broad in some places and in other places 12. miles rising in Hills in sundry places full of Woods and Pastorage The ground thereof fertill in corne and store and besides all other kinds of bestiall fruitful of Mares for bréeding of

entrie of Lochbrie●… and from them North lye Hary and Lewis 16. miles of length and 16. of bredth These 3. make an Iland which is not deuided by any Hauen 〈◊〉 Port of the Sea but by the seuerall Lordships of the heritours thereof The South part is named Haray in it sometime was the Abbey Roadilla builded by Maccleude Har●…is a Countrey fertill inough in Cornes and good Pastorage with a high Hill ouercouered with grasse to the very top many Shéepe are séene féeding there masterlesse pertayning peculiarly to no man for there is neyther Woolfe Foxe or Serpent séene there albeit betwixt that and Lewis there bee great Woods full of Déere In that part of the Iland is a Water well stored of Salmond and other Fishes Upon the North-side it is well manured Upon the Sea side there are foure Churches one Castle 7. great running Waters and 12. lesse all plentifull of Salmond and other Fishes The Sea enters in the Land in diuers parts making sundry salt water Loches all plentifull of Herring with abundance of Shéepe In this Countrey is great abundance of Barley In this Iland is such abundance of Whales taken as aged men report their tenth will extend to 27. Whales also a great Caue wherein the Sea at a low water abides two faddome high and at a full Sea foure faddome déepe People of all sort and ages sit vpon the Rocks thereof with hooke and line taking great multitude of all kind of Fishes Southeast from Lewis almost 60. miles there is a fertill Iland low and playne ●…alled Rona well manured the Lord of the ground limits certayne number of Households to occupy it appoynting for euery Household few or many Shéepe according to his pleasure whereon they may easily liue and pay his rent In this Iland is a Chappell dedicated to Saint Ronan wherein as aged men report there is alwayes a Spade wherewith when any is dead they find the place of his graue marked Besides other Fishes in this Iland is great plenty of Whales Sixetéene miles from Rona West lyes Suilkeraia a mile of length but in it growes no kind of Hearbe not so much as Hadder Sea Fowles lay Egges there and doe hatch They of Leogus next neighbours vnto it get great profit thereby In that Iland is séene a rare kind of Fowle vnknowne to other Countreyes called Colca little lesse then a Goose they come in the Spring time euery yéere hatch and nourish their Young ones They cast their Feathers which haue no stalke like vnto downe Now follow the Iles of Orknay of olde called The Realme of the Picts lying scattered partly in the Deucalidon Sea partly in the Germane Seas The common people to this day are very carefull to kéepe the ancient frugality of their Predecessors and in that respect they continue in good health for the most part both in mind and body so that few dye of sicknesse but all for age They haue Barley and Oates whereof they make both bread and drinke They haue sufficient ●…ore of quicke goods Neate Shéepe and Goates great plenty of Milke Chéese and Butter They haue innumerable Sea Fowles whereof and of Fish for the most part they make their common foode There is no Uenemous Beast in Orknay There is is no kind of Trée except Hadder They haue an old Cup amongst them called Saint Magnus Cup the first man that brought the Christian Religion in that Countrey There are about 33. Ilands in Orknay whereof 13. are inhabited the remnant are reserued for nourishing of Cattell The greatest Ile is named Pomona The firme land thirtie miles of length sufficiently inhabited It hath 12. Countrey Parish Churches and one Towne called Kirkwaa In this Towne there are two Towers builded not farre the one from the other One of them appertaynes to the King the other appertaynes to the Bishop Betwixt these 2. Towers stands one Church very magnifique betwixt the Church and the Towers on eyther side are sundry goodly buildings which the Inhabitants name The Kings Towne and The Bishops Towne The whole Iland runnes out in Promontories or heads the Sea running in and makes sure Hauens for ships and Harbours for Boates. In 6. sundry places of this I le there are Mynes of good Lead and Tinne as is to be found in any part of Britayne This Iland is distant from Caithnes about 24. miles diuided by the Picts Sea In this Sea are diuers Ilands scattered here and there of whom Stroma lying 4. miles from Caithnes is one very fruitfull the Earles of Caithnes being Lords thereof Northward lyes South Ranalsa 5. miles long with a commodious Hauen with 2. little Ilands or Holmes good for Pastorage Toward the North lyes Burra Suna Flata Fara Hoia and VValles In these Ilands are the highest Hilles that are in all Orknay Hoia and Walles are 10. miles of length distant from Ranalsay eyght miles and more then twentie from Dunkirke in Caithnes North is the I le Granisa and Cobesa Siapinsa turning somewhat East lyes two miles from Kirkwaa euen oueragaynst it sixe miles of length Right West from Siapinsa are Garsa and Eglisa 4. miles of length In this Iland they say Saint Magnus is buried Next and somewhat neerer the continent land is Rusa foure miles of length and thrée miles of bredth well peopled Westward lyes the Iland Broca Some Ilands lye to the North as Stronza next Linga fiue miles of length and two of bredth Haa fiue miles of length and two of bredth By East lyes Fara And North from Fara lyes Wastra running out in the Sea in Promontories or heads Aboue Stronza at the East end of Etha lyes Sanda Northward 10. miles of length and foure of bredth most fertill of Cornes of all the Iles of Orknay but it hath no kind of fire within it making exchange of Cornes for Peats Beyond Sanda lyes North Ranalsaa 2. miles of length and two of bredth Upon the South si●…e of Pomona lyes Rusa 6. miles of length and from it Eastward Eglisa South Veragersa and not farre from it Westraa from which Hethland is distant 80. miles and Papastronza lyes 80. miles from Hethland In the midway betwixt lyes Fara that is the ●…yre Iland standing in the sight of Orknay and Hethland both it riseth in thrée Promontories or heads and shore Craig round about without any kind of entrance except at the Southeast where it growes little lower making a sure Harboro●… for small Boates. Next is the greatest Ile of all Hethland named The Mayne-land 16. miles of length There are sundry Promontories or heads in it specially two one long and small which runnes North the other broader in some part 16. miles runnes Northeast inhabited vpon the Sea coast There is good Fishing in all these parts the peoples commodity standing most by the Sea Ten miles North lyes Zeall 20. miles of length and 8. miles of bredth the Bremes Marchants doe bring all wares néedfull Betwixt this

Iland and the mayne-Mayne-land lye Linga Orna Bigga Sanctferri Two miles Northward lyes Vnsta more then 20. miles of length and sixe miles of bredth a pleasant Countrey and playne Via and Vra are betwixt Vnsta and Zeall Skenna and Burna lye Westward from Vnsta Balta Hunega Forlora seuen miles long and seuen miles Eastward from Vnsta Mecla with the thrée Ilands of east Skennia ●…hualsa Nostwad●… Brasa and Musa vpon the West side lye West Sche●…niae Rorira little Papa Veneda great Papa Valla Trondar Burra great Haura little Haura and many other Holmes lying scattered amongst them The Hethlandish men vse the same kind of foode that the Orkney man vse but that they are more scarce in house kéeping In this Iland no kind of Shée Beast will liue 24. houres together except Ky Ewes Conyes and such like beasts as may be eaten The people are apparelled after the Almayne fa●…ion and according to their substance not vnséemely Their commodity consisteth in course Cloth which they sell to Norway men with Fish Oyle and Butter They fish in little Cockboates bought from Norway men that make them they salt some of the Fish that they take and some of them they dry in the wind They sell th●…se Wares and pay their Masters with the siluer thereof ¶ Of the great plenty of Hares Red Deere and other wild Beasts in Scotland Of the strange propertyes of sundry Scottish Dogges And of the nature of Salmond HAuing made this speciall description of the Realme of Scotland Now touching some things concerning the same in generall In the Fields and in al places of the Countrey except the parts where continuall habitation of people makes impediment there is great abundance of Hares Red Déere Fallow Déere Roes Wild Horses Wolues and Foxes specially in the High Countreys of Athole Argyle Lorne Loch-aber Marre and Badzenoch where is sundry times séene 1500. Red Déere being hunted all together These Wild Horses are not gotten but by great sleight policy for in the Winter season the Inhabitants turne certayne tame Horses and Mares amongst them wherewith in the end they grow so familiar that they afterward go with them to fro and finally home into their Masters Yards where they bee taken and soone broken to their hands the Owners obtayning great profit thereby The W●…lues are most fierce and noysome vnto the Heards and Flockes in all parts of Scotland Foxes doe much mischiefe in all steads chiefly in the Mountaynes where they be hardly hunted howbeit Arte hath deuised a meane to preuent their malice and to preserue the Poultry in some part and especially in Glenmoores euery house nourishes a young Foxe then killing the same they mixe the flesh thereof amongst such meate as they giue vnto the Fowles and other little bestiall And by this meanes so many Fowles or Cattel as eate hereof are safely preserued from the danger of the Foxe by the space of almost two moneths after so that they may wander whither they will for the Foxes smelling the flesh of their fellowes yet in their crops will in no wayes meddle with them but eschew and know such a one although it were among a hundred of other In Scotland are Dogs of marueylous condition aboue the nature of other Dogs The first is a Hound of great swiftnes hardines and strength fierce and cruel vpon all wild beasts and eger against Thieues that offer their masters any violence The second is a Rach or Hound very exquisite in following the foote which is called drawing whether it be of man or beast yea he will pursue any maner of fowle and find out whatsoeuer fish haunting the land or lurking amongst the Rocks specially the Otter by that excellent sent of smelling wherewith he is indewed The third sort is no greater then the aforesayd Raches in colour for the most part red with blacke spots or else blacke full of red marks These are so skilfull being vsed by practize that they will pursue a Thiefe or thiefe-stollen Goods in most precize maner and finding the trespasser with great audacity they will make a race vpon him or if he take the water for his safegard he shrinketh not to follow him and entering and issuing at the same places where the party went in and out he neuer ceaseth to range till he hath noysed his footing and be come to the place wherein the Thiefe is shrowded or hid These Dogs are called Sleuthhounds There was a Law amongst the borderers of England and Scotland that whosoeuer denyed entrance to such a Hound in pursute mads after Fellons and stollen goods should be holden as accessary vnto the theft or taken for the selfe same Thiefe Of Fowles such as I meane liue by prey there are sundry sorts in Scotland as Eagles Falcons Go●…hawks Sparhawks Marlions and such like but of water Fowles there is so great store that the report thereof may séeme to excéede all credit There are other kinds of Fowles the like are rare to be séene as the Capercaily greater in body then the Rauen liuing onely by the rindes barks of trées There are also many Moore Cockes and Hennes which abstayning from corne doe ●…éede onely vpon Hadder crops These two are very delicate in eating the third is reddish blacke of colour in quantity comparable to the Pheasant and no lesse delicious in taste and sauour at the table called The blacke or wilde Cocks Salmond is more plentifull in Scotland then in any other Region of the world in Haruest time they come from the Seas vp in smal Riuers where the waters are most shallow and there the Male and Female rubbing their bellies or wombs one agaynst the other they shed their Spawne which foorthwith they couer with sand and grauell and so depart away from hencefoorth they are gaunt and ●…lender and in appearance so leane appearing nought else but skin and bone and therefore out of vse and season to be eaten Some say if they touch any their full fellowes during the time of their leanenesse the same side which they touched will likewise become leane The foresayd Spawne and milt being hidden in the sand as you haue heard in the next ●…pring doth yéeld great numbers of little Fry so nesh and tender for a long time that till they come to be so great as a mans finger if you catch any of them they melt away as it were gelly or a blob of water from henceforth they go to the Sea where within 20. dayes they grow to a reasonable greatnesse and then returning to the place of their generation they shew a notable spectacle to be con●…idered There are many Lin●…es or p●…oles which being in some places among the Rockes very shallow abou●… and déepe beneath with the fall of the water and thereto the Salmond not able to pierce through the channell eyther for swiftnesse of the course or depth of the discent hee goeth so n●…re vnto the side of