this hot weather doth fast dissolve them This night clocke 2 came a small Iland of Ice brought up with the latter flood and by his draught being deeper in the Tydes way then the flact or masht Ice had a greater motion continued by the undertyde then that which had inclosed us of which we were fast unto one of the biggest content to wit 3 Acres this Iland did drive right with us and but that some few masht Ice interposed thereby diverting the course thereof some 2 or 3 ships length it had drove directly upon us and had crusht us mainely if not to peeces it being â— or 10 fathomes above water and if it had boarded us being undermined by the waters continuall working the outside thereof by that shake might have fallen into the ship and have sunke her this was the greatest danger we were in since I came into Fretum Hudson the fault being in the watch who did not call that we might have set the ship the one way or the other about the peece we were fast unto before we were so ingaged as I could doe neither about one houre after the said Iland tooke his recourse backe againe to the East with the ebbe faster then the other ice could doe This morning 8 the Sunne was up before we saw it Da 1 Moneths July the day was warme and close but calme so as I could not stirre for want of wind the straight doth cleere and this N. land that hath continued with us since we departed with Resolution it now bearing from E. and by S. to N. by E. if Baffinn writ truely that Resolution is an Iland separate from this then is this another though formerly taken for the N. Maine and longer as shall be showne at my returne homeward the tyde doth set as the land doth lie South-East and Northwest This night 7 it was an Ayre farre better then a younger brother the ice well thinn'd I caused the ship to be loosed and by that time the Master with the boat was come from killing of Fowle I stood to the N. about foure miles this fayre day being at an end I made fast set the watch and went to Cabbin This morning 2 an easie gale breathed from the E. by South which caused mee to send to the boatswaine to call up the Company where a chiefe one amongst us being too suddenly awaked speaking something peevishly I told the rest that the matter was not great for the children did so when they were awaked out of their sleep I began now to find the want of a Shallop which at home I did so earnestly desire for my Cocke boat would nor Rowe noâ— Sayle to any purpose so as I durst hardly send her from me for when it was any billow she was not to be rowed and with saile to windward shee would doe nothing although I had caused a large Lee board to be made to helpe her This Meridianall observation the wind came West and I was in 61 d. 57. m. and stood in close to this inremarkeable shore so all the land within this straight may be called for it is all shoring or descending from the highest mountaine to the Sea Whereon the Snow falling by degrees doth presse Da 2 and burthen it selfe making the masse more solid which at the Spring time when it loosneth from the earth it s own weight doth force downward into the Sea being all composed of Moneths July fresh water it may be conceived that the most Ice we meete in this passage in thus ingendred in the Vallies betwixt the Mountaines is some Snow undesolved We are now cleere of chattered Ice yet in sight are some Islands about which wee can compasse as we please here lyeth many small Ilands close by the Mayne and there doth appeare to be fayre sounds into the land upon the Sea this calme time that hath beene doth swimme a kind of corrupt slime one may thinke it may come by generation of great fishes for it feeles soft and unctious but put it into the fire it will not burne I doe thinke that all this time of our imprisonment this North shore hath beene free as I could espie it at Hiperions going downe which valed with a blacke Skreene of moyst Fogge wet through our Coates before we see it againe this fayre dayes Westwind blew cold and uncouth from out the passage wee are all upon kinde tearmes drinking one to another God hold it This morning the Sunne lickt up the Fogges dew as soone Da 3 as hee began to rise and made a shining day of it I cannot say hot it being counter-checkt by a coole Top-sayle Gale from West North-West which made our Noses runne the cleare day emboldened me to stand within two leagues of land to the deepe of 32 fathomes the ground white sand and gray with shels the water was falling the houre 11 before noone the Sunne and Moone in opposition a good Tyde set along the shoare to the Northwards the Sunne set cleare it was faire weathen and calme the ship drove along the shore this night to the Westward This morning at clocke one I called to lanche the Boate to send to shore to try the Tyde and against that time that I could send to land I had drawne those instructions following and giving them to Iohn Coatesworth whom I appointed alway to goe in the boate at whose returne I expected an account These are the Instructions First You shall take with you into the boate one halfe houre glasse one halfe minute glasse one logge and line cleane Paper one Pensill of blacke Leade and one Compasse with Moneths July some peeces of Iron Secondly One quarter Saw two Axes three Carbins Guns with Powder and Shot two or three Lances two Swords two Pikeaxes and every man his one day bread Thirdly At your departure from the ship turne the halfe houre and when it is neere out set your Logge to goe by the halfe minute that thereby you may estimate the distance betweene the ship and land as also what the boate can rowe an houre Fourthly When you shall approch neere the shore in the Tydes way I meane cleare of Bay-point or Rocke Anchor the Boat sound the deepe and marke the Tyde how it doth set and by your Logge what it doth passe in the halfe minute having rode there for halfe a Glasse weigh your Anchor and goe to land and duely observe what quantity of water it doth flow or fall perpendiculer in one Glasse whether the heightening or lessening be equall in every Glasse while yee stay or noe Fifthly Being thus on land with your Compasse set all Lands or Islands in sight draw the forme with your Paper and Pensill and estimate their distance Sixtly Remember I give you no libertie to goe within the land yet if for recreation goe no further then the full Sea marke and armed leaving two to keepe the Glasse and Boat looke for stones of Orient colour or of weight
Ireland so farre North that he came to a Land vnknowne where he saw many strange things This must needes be some part of this Countrey of which the Spaniards affirme themselves to be the first founders since Dannos time wherevpon it is manifest that this Country was by Brittanies discovered long before Columbus Of Madoâ—s returne there be many fables but he did returne and declared of the fruitfull Countryes he had seene with out Inhabitants and on the contrary what barren and wild ground his Brethren and Nephewes did kill and murder one another for He prepared a Navie of ships got with him such Men and Women as were desirous to live in quiet and taking leave of his friends tooke his journey thither againe Therefore it is to be supposed that he and his people inhabited part of this Country for it appeareth by Francis Lopez de Gomara that in Acuzamill and other places the people honored the Crosse whereby it may be gathered that Christians had beene there before the comming of the Spaniards This Madoc arriving againe in that West Countrey vnto the which he came 1170. left most of his people there and returned backe for more of his owne Nation acquaintance and friends to inhabite that faire and large Countrey went thither againe with 10. saile as I find noted by Guyten Owen I am of opinion that the Land wherevnto he came was some part of the West Indies As concerning Sebastian Cabot I cannot find that he was any further Northward then the 58. Degree and so returned along the Land of America to the S. but for more certainty heare his owne Relation to Galâ—acius Buâ—rigarius the Popes Legate in Spaine Vnderstanding saith he by reason of the Spheare that if I should saile by the way of North-west I should by a shorter tract come to India I caused the King to be advertised of my device who immediately caused two Caravels to be furnished with all things needfull which was as neere as I can remember in the yeare 1496. In the beginning of Summer I begun to saile North-west not thinking to find any other Land then that of Cataia and from thence to come into India But after certaine dayes I found the Land run to the North which was to me a great displeasure neverthelesse sailing along the Coast to see if I could finde any Gulfe that turned I found the Land still to continue continent to the 56. Degree vnder the Pole and seeing that there the Coast turned toward the East dispairing to find the passage I turned backe againe and sailed downe by the Coast of that Land toward the Equinoctiall Thus much from himselfe But heare how Baptistie Ramusius his Country man how he flattereth him thus It 's many yeares since it was written vnto me by Sebastian Cabota our Countryman a Venetian a Man of great experience and very rare in the Art of Navigation and the knowledge of Cosmographie who sailed along and beyond this Coast of new France at the charges of Henry the 7. King of England and he advertised me that having sailed along time West by North beyond those Ilands into the Latit of 67. Deg. and ½ vnder the North Pole and on the 11. day of Iune finding still the open Sea without any impediment he thought verily by that way to have passed on still to Cataia which is in the East and would have done it if the Mutinie of the shipmasters and Marriners had not hindered and made him returne home from that place Out of Robert Fabians Chronicle THere is also mention made of Iohn Cabota Sebastians Father by his meanes in the 13. yeare of Henry the Seauenth at the same Kings charge one ship was victuailed from Bristow wherein divers Marchants of London adventured sma stockes to search for an Iland he said was very Rich and replenished with great Commodities In his company went from Bristow 3. or 4. small Barkes laden with coarse Cloth Caps Laces Points and other trifles they departed the beginning of May but were not heard of in that Maiors time Out of the same Chronicle VVIlliam Purchase being Maior three Saluages were taken in New found Land and brought to the King they were cloathed in Beasts skinnes and eate raw flesh and spake such speech that no man could vnderstand them and in their demeanor much like to bruite Beasts of which two yeares after I saw two apparrelled after the manner of Englishmen in Westminster Parish I could not discerne them from English vntill I had learned what they were An Extract taken out of the Mappe of Sebastian Cabota cut by Clement Adams IN the yeare of Grace 1497. John Cabot a Venetian and Sebastian his Sonne with an English Fleete set from Bristow discovered that Iland which before that time no man had attempted on the 24. day of June this Land he called Prima Vesta that is to say first seene that Iland lying out before the Land he called the I le of St. John Because he discovered it vpon that day of St. John Baptist The inhabitants of this I le vse to weare Beasts skinnes in their Warres they vse Bowes Arrowes Pikes Darts Wooden-clubs and slings The soile is Barren in some places and yeeldeth little fruit but is full of white Beares and Stagges farre greater then ours it yeildeth plenty of Fish and these very great as Seales and Sammons there are Soales of a yard in length but especially there is great plenty of that kind of Fish which the Salvages call Baccalaos there are also bred Hawkes and Eagles Another Testimony of the Voyage of Sebastian Caboc taken out of the third Decade of Peter Martyr of Angleria THe North seas have bin searched by one Sâ—bastiaâ— Cabot a Venetian borne he furnished 2. Ships at his owne charge and first with 300. men directed his course towards the N. Pole that even in the Moneth of July he found monstrous heapes of Ice swimming on the Sea and in a manner continuall day light Thus seeing these heapes of Ice before him he was enforced to turne his sailes and follow the W. coasting the shore he was thereby brought so farre into the South by reason of the land stretching Southward that it was there almost equall in latitude with Fretum Herculeum As he travelled by the coasts of this great Land which he named Bacculaos he saith hee found the like course of waters toward the West but the same running more soft and gently then the swift waters which the Spaniards found in their Navigation South-ward wherefore it is not onely moâ—e like to be true but ought also of necessity to be concluded that betweene both the Lands hitherto vnknowne there should be certaine great open places whereby the waters continually passe from the East to the West Which waters I suppose to be driven about the Globe of the Earth by the incessant Motion and impulsion of the Heavens and not to be swallowed and cast vp againe by the breathing of Demogorgon as some
but he had no ground at 100. Fath. a Cables length off shore And a great Current sets S. W. and N. E. 1. League â— â— in the houre The tide sets to the shore and thenone great peece of Ice breaking made a noyse as if the Cliffe had fallen into the Sea 10. The floud sets S. W. along the Land And it flowes so 11. Latitude here 63. â— â— This day they enter the Streights and set saile for Gabriels Iland then distant 10. Leagues 13. They enter within a Sound in a Sandy Bay the Land beares E. S. E. depth 8. Fatham a S. E. Moone full Sea they name this Sound Priors sound distant from Grabriels 10. leag 16. Calme and faire in 2. houres the Ice was froze about the Ship a quarter of an inch thicke The 19. the Captaine and he went on shore vpon an Iland with 8. men and from the top thereof they had sight of 7. Boates which came rowing from the East side to the Iland then they returned on shipboard and sent their Boate with 5. men to see which way they tooke and so with a white Cloth or waffe brought one of their Boates with their men in her along the shore rowing after the Boate vntill they see the ship and then they rowed on shore and he followed and gave every one of them a threed Point and brought one of them aboard where he did Eate and Drinke and then carried him ashore againe wherevpon the rest being 19. Persons came on boord but he could not vnderstand their Language they be like Tartars with long blacke haire broad faced flat nosed and tawny Coloured wearing Seale skinnes and so doe the women nothing differing but the women in the Face hath blue stroakes downe the Cheekes and about the eyes their Boates are made of Seale skinnes with a wooden keele within them much like vnto a Spanish shalop save onely they be flat bottomed and sharpe ended 20. They went on Land vpon the East side of the Iland with 4. men more in the Boate where they see their houses the people came to them calling and rowing one of them came into their Boate they carried him on board gave him a Bell a knife the Captaine commanded 5. men to set him on shore in an Iland not amongst their Company but they not regarding went to them who surprised their Boat and themselves never as yet heard of 21. The next day they shot off a Falken-gun and sounded a trumpet to heare from their men but were not answered this morning the Snow was on Foote thicke vpon the haâ—tches 22. They went to the place where their men were lost and had sight of 14. Boates and some came neare them but they could heare nothing of their men 26. Returnes homeward at 8. a clocke in the night was thwart of Gabriels Ile and had Cape Labradore as he supposed W. 10. Leagues off 1. Had sight of Friesland 8. leag off from this day to the 6. they run along Iseland 25. Sight of Orkney 1. Anchor at Yarmouth Sir Martin Frobrisher his 2. Voyage 1577. DEparted from Blackwall the 26. of May with 3. ships to wit the Aide of the Queenes burthen 180. Tonnes the Michaell and the Gabriell accompanied with 140. Gentlemen Soldiers and Saylers victualed for halfe a yeare He went by the North the 7. of June arrived at Orkney in the Iles of Scotland 8. He departs from thence sailes betwixt W. and N. W. vntill the 4. of July 26. dayes saile from thence they meete with much Drift-wood as they suppose from New found Land And driven over with the Current which they say sets from the W. to the East The 4. of Iuly they had sight of Friesland 10. or 12. leagues off and great store of Ice 30. or 40. Fatham aboue water they supposed on ground though they could scarce sound the bottome for depth The Generall attempteth to goe on Land but cannot they coast it 4. dayes sees no signe of habitation Yet by Birds which in Fogs had lost the land came to the Ships they suppose the Country to be more habitable within then outward shoare maketh shew or signification The 8. they depart from thence 16. He comes to the making of the Land named the yeare before by him the Queenes Forland being as they judge it an Iland lying neere the supposed continent of America Another Iland lying upon the Asian side called Halls Iland betwixt which two Ilands goeth in Frobrishers straights or the unknowne passage into the Sea of Sur. He doth suppose that the Ice of this Coast is carried by some contrary E. or W. tyde or current upon the Coast of Freezland causing that Country to be farre more intemperate than other countries farre more North. At their first entrance they found the Straight mured with Ice the Captaine with his Pinnace past twice through before he durst hazzard in the great Ships They goe on land the people seemed to be joyfull thereof they embrace and the Captaine laid hands on them but they escape through nimblenesse and defends themselves with their bowes and Arrowes he tooke one all the rest escaped They put their Ships into the Straights all full of Ice they made 14. bourds in one watch to refraine the Ice the lightnesse of the night did them much comfort and helpe for sight and this hazard they made for safegard of their Captaine and Master who were on land 17. Being the day following the Capt. came on board with report of great riches hid in the bowels of that Continent Within 3. or 4. dayes after they had been in the Streights the W. and N. W. winds dispierst the Ice The 19. they enter without impediment The 20. they found a good harbour and names it Iackmans Sound anchoring the Ships there The Generall marches up into the land takes possession in the Queenes name and imployes his men about the businesse they came thither for Whilest they continued in this harbour they kept watch continually with boates and roapes ready to hale and towe away the Ice which otherwise might have driven thwart the Ships with Ebbe and flood The Generall findes not commodity answerable to his Expectation in the supposed America leaves the Ships coasts on to the supposed Asia the stones on land and Sand in Sea sparkle like Gold on both sides if all be Gold that glysters upon the West shore they found a dead Fish floating it proved by the horne to be a Sea Vnicorne the Spiders put therein dyed The Generall in further search findes Gold oare as he supposed with a good harbour and returnes to the Ships by the way he espies a Tent covered with Seale skins the people was fled he leaves glasses bels and knives therein onely tooke one Dog and nothing else leaves a letter with pen inke and paper for his men to write which was tooke from him the last
the Iles of Gods mercy the Master sent this Author over to discover this Iland to the North and North-West he met with a covery of Partridges and kild onely the old one it was barren land having nothing thereon but water plashes and torne Rockes as though it had beene subiect to earthquakes to the North of this Iland there is a great bay or Sea they know not what it may prove there was a great Iland of Ice on ground which with the spring tide was set on float and carried to the N W. but came not backe within sight here they found some drift wood on shoare From thence he stood to S W. to double the land to the W. off him through many peeces of Ice at length he found a cleare Sea and raised land to the N W. whereupon he stood more to S. then before and fell amongst Ice which he would have doubled to the N. but could not then he stood to the S W. amongst the Ice and strove to get to the land but could not for the Ice from out of this bay he stood to the North and was soone cleare of the Ice then he stood to S. W. and W. where he was inclosed with land and Ice having land on the one side from the S. to the N W. and on the other side he see land from E. to W. but the land that lay to the N. and lay E. and W. was but an Iland he went so farre as he could and made fast to the Ice the tyde brought upon him but the ebbe did open and made way and 7 or 8 houres he was cleare and with the great Ilands of Ice was carried to the N W. He stands to the W. along the S. shoare and raised 3 Capes or headlands one above another the middlemost is an Iland with a Bay which he thinkes will prove a good harbour he names them Prince Henries Forland when he had laid these he raised another which was the extreame part of the land looking towards the N. upon it are two hils but one above the rest like an humlocke he names it King Iames his Cape to the N. of this lyes certaine Ilands he names it Queen Annes Forland he still followed the N. shoare beyond the Kings Forland there is a Bay wherein lyeth some broken land and close to the maine but he passed by on the night From thence he stood to the N. and W. to double this land againe and fell with land that stretched from the maine like a shoare from S to N. and from N to W. and downe to S again here a storme takes him and he stands to N. and raises land then he stood to S. againe for he was loathat any time to see the N. shoare the storme continuing and he comming to the S. he found himselfe shot to the W. a great way which he mervailed at considering his leaward way to S. W. ward off this land there is a hill he named Mount Charles to the N. and beyond this is an Iland that to the East hath a fore head land and beyond it to the W. other broken land where he thinks may be found a good harbour he names this Cape Salisbury He then left those lands to the North-East and fell into a ripline or overfall of a current which he thought to be shoald water but had no ground he put on still in sight of the South-land and raised land 2 leag from the maine he tooke it to be the North maine but it proved an Iland having a very faire head-Head-land to the West which he named Cape Digges on the other side to the East was another Cape or head-land which he called Cape Worstenholme betwixt which two he sailed South He sends the Boate on shore to Digges his Iland and in her going she was overtaken by a storme of Raine Thunder and Lightning they came to the N East-side being high-high-land but with much adoe going to the highest part they find some plaine ground and Deere 4 or 5. And after 16 in one Heard but could not come nigh them with Musket shot Thus going from place to place they see to the West a Hill higher then all the rest it was steepe and they could not get vp to it but on the South-west side and on that side was a great water pond from whence on the South runneth a streame of water as much as would drive a Mill falling into the Sea and in this place bred great store of Fowle and the best grasse grew there they had seene since their comming from England they found Sorrell and Scurvey-grasse in great aboundance they found likewise Hills made like to hay-cockes within which were great store of Fowle hanged by the neckes they tooke many of them and downe a valley carried them to their Boate. In this time the Master had brought in the Ship betweene the two lands shot off some peeces to call the boat on board for it was a fogge they perswaded him to stay heere for refreshing but he would not but sailed downe to the S. the land beares E from him and the same Maine that he had all the time followed he looseth the sight thereof because it fell away to the East and after he had sailed 25 or 30. leag he came to shallow water broken ground and Rockes which he passed to the S. and in a storme of winde the water still shoalding he came to anchor in 15 fathomes After this he wayed and stood S E. for so the Land laid and came to have land on both sides then he anchored and sent the Boate on land the Land on the W. was a very narrow point and to the S. there was a large Sea He stood to the South betweene these two Lands in this place not above two leagues and in the sight of the East-shore in the end he lost sight thereof and came into the bottome of a bay into 6. or 7. fathom water then he stands vp againe to the N. by the West-shore vntill he came to an Iland in 53 deg where he tooke in water and ballast From thence he passed to the N. but some 2 or 3 dayes after there fell some reasoning concerning their comming into this Bay and going out the Master takes occasion to reviue old matters and displaces his Mate Robert Ivet and also his Boate-swaine for words spoken in the great Bay of Ice he places Robert Bylot his Mate and William Wilson Boate-swaine and then stands vp to the N vntill he raised land and then downe to the S. then vp againe to the N. and then downe to the S. and on Michaelmas day he came in and went out from certaine Ilands which he sets downe for Michalmas Bay from thence he stood to the N. and came into shole water the weather thicke and foule He anchored in 6 or 7 fadomes and lay there 8 dayes before which time he could
tides into them which Hedlands being found al I do assure my selfe that the tyde wil be found to come from the Westward Herein I have shewed my opinion so farre my Iudgement will afford untill further reasons induceth me to the contrary Per me Iosias Hubart From the Durses in Ireland being in 52. Lat. to Cape Farewell in Groenland Lat. 58 56. the course is W. N. W. W. terly and the distance is 460. Leagues The Southermost part of the Iland of Resolution is in Lat. 60. d. 34. m. From Cape Farewell to the Iland of Rosolution the course is W. and by N. and the distance is 208. Leagues Sir Dudley Diggs his Iland is in Lat. 62. D. 40. M. and is in distance from the I le of Resolution upon a W. and by N ⅓ Northerlyrose 180. Leagues The cheekeslye in 61. D. 17. M. Lat. from Sir Dudley Diggs his Iland thereto the course is W. and by S. and the distance is 190. Leagues Our wintering being in the Lat. of 56 d. 58. m. From the cheekes to our wintering place the course is S. and by W. ½ Westerly and the distance is 87. Leagues The 27. of November I made an observation of the Moone and the planet Mars and for that I stand in doubt for the houre to be axactly found out by any Diall Clock or other Instrument to hang a plannet to find when the foremost Guard was right under the Pole starre at which instant I found ♂ and ☽ to be one degree and 41. minutes asunder by which working I suppose or deeme it to bee as followeth this our wintring place 111. degrees and 15. of longitude from our Meridian of the Citie of London Per me Iosias Hubart In the name of God Amen Of the courses from the Misson head in Ireland being bound towards the Northwest passage Captain Thomas Button Gentleman being our Generall in the good ship called the Resolution John Ingram Captaine and Master of the Pinace called the Discoverie 1612. Inprimis from the Misson head in Ireland to Cape Discord in Groanland the course is N. W. by N. Northerly and the distance is 360. Leagues From the Missonhead to Cape Discord in Groynlaend the course is N. W. 67. W. Northerly by the compasse the Lat. 59. d. 20. ◠and the distance is 380. Leagues From the Missonhead to Cape Desolation is the course lyeth W. N. W. the distance 490. Leagues From the foreside of Cape Discord to Cape Farwel the course lyeth S. W. Southerly by compasse distance 58. Leagues From Cape Farwell to the Westerne part of this Head Land by Cape Desolation the course is W. N. W. halfe Northerly 100 Leagues distant and from this Head Landto Desolation is 10 Leagues distant in all from Farwell to Desolation the distance is 100. Leagues N. N. E. by compasse betweene Cape Farwell and the foresaid Head Land there set a very great current to the Westward From Cape Desolation to the I le of Resolution the course lyeth W. N. W. Westerly altitude 62. d. 30. m. and the distance 120. Leagues From Resolution to Salisbury I le W. by N. Altitude 63. d. 15. and from the Iland to Wostenholmes Cape the course lyeth W. S. W. Southerly 140. Leagues 12. Leagues And from this Cape to Diggs his Iland 3. Leagues From Resolution to Westenholmes Cape the course lyeth W. by N. Westerly and the distance is 153. Leagues From Resolution to Diggs his Ilands the course is W. by N. Northerly and the distance 156. Leagues Altitude 63. d. From Sir Dudley Diggs his Ilands to Nothinghams Iland N. by the compasse and the distance is 7. or 8. Leagues From Sir Dudley Diggs Iland to Swanns Iland W. by S. 40 Leagues From Diggs his Iland to Hopes Checkt the course is W. S. W. a little Welterly and the distance is 200. Leagues The Altitude is 60. d. 40. m. From Hopes Checkt to the Broken land when our Admirall received a great storme the course lyeth S. W. 49. Leagues Altitude 59. 49. Leagues From this broken Land to the head Northerland the course lyeth W. the distance is 8. Leagues The Headland is the entring into this Bay called New Wales From this Head land unto the Roade of the harbour the course lyeth South 42. Leagues and from Hopes checkt to this Roade the course lyeth N. E. and by N. 86. Leagues Hitherto the Lord of his mercy hath blessed preserved and kept us from all dangers whatsoever which wee beseech him to blesse us of his mercy and to send us well forth againe Amen Per me Edward Glanvile What I received from Sir Thomas Roe was an Abstract copy taken out of Sir Thomas Buttons owne Iournall being at his returne to this Hope 's Checkt and not before As from the beginning of his Voyage or his wintring I have nothing but by report and thus he proceeded from thence 15. This day being there he plyed up with contrary winds and fogg having diversity of depth altogether standing Eastwards of sometimes to 30. Faddome and more and standing in to 7. or 6 m. thus travercing and anckoring untill the 23. day finding the Tyde to come from N. E. by N. which is an especiall argument that the land doth lye so and not any thing else of note 23 Having thus plyed up to the N. E. wards untill this day and standing into the shore hee anckored for to try the tyde thinking to send his Boate on Land to see what Land it should be it bare on him from the N. E. by N. to the N. W. by N. and the depth 42. Fadome not above 4. ½ League from the Land this was the highest land hee had seene since hee came from Sir Dudley Diggs his Iland the last yeare this Land he named Hopes Advance 24. This morning proved thick easie winde and it fell to lighten and thunder so as hee held it not fit to adventure the Boat from the Ship 25. He stood of from midnight until this day 10. leagues N. E. by N. to anchor but he saith the winde was N. E. by N. the ground was more even in standing off and on then before he stood off 4. leagues more into 87. Fathom This evening at the Sunnes setting he took him with two severall Instruments and found him to goe downe 33. d. to the W. off North by one and by the other 30. d. they tooke the middest betwixt both 26 After midnight he stood in againe N. N. W. 5. leagues the wind came to the S. W. the weather faire and cleare and the best he had since he came from his wintering place about 9. this morning he sees land it bore on him from the N. E. by North to the N. W. by North about 8. or 9. leagues off at noone hee steered to the Easterne point to get hold thereof and had a good observation in 62. d. 42. m. and his depth 74. fathoms who will
beare up with the S. most part of the Land he saw to the intent to lend his Boate on Land for water and to try from whence the flood came at 1. in the afternoon he anchored in a Bay in 4. Fadome smooth groud but rockie for he could see it under him He sent his man well mand and armed who found water instantly they found not farre from them 2. old houses broken and fallen downe to the ground wherein were the skulls and bones of deadmen Images and toyes such as they found by digging with their hands under the ruines of the decayed houses with some dozen of small Mors teeth His opinion is that this were the ruines of some who by mischance had miscarried there by wrack of their Boate or being inforced to water there made their best provision they could to endure it but the extremity being so strong for them and the place neither affording meanes for them to repaire their Canooes the ruines whereof he found some for fuell for fire to comfort them in Winter hee gesses this killed them for had they beene any other then such as were thus enforced by such extremity they would not have left such things behind them as they found for there nature is wheresoever they come to have few things of worth or value behind them much lesse doth hee thinke they have left their Images which hee perveiveth they account their gods And there was Mors teeth for which and the treyne thereof they make all their Sommers travells and labours Thus his Boate having brought him water he ried all that day with wind of Land and observed that the flood came from N. and the ebbe from S. making a full stay that day betweene 3. and 4. a Clocke Having watered he weighed and steered untill 4. this morning N. W. by W. 7. Leagues the wind N. N. E. It grew thick with fogg at 4. in the Evening hee tackt about to the Eastward till 83. Leagues N. E. by E. the thick cause him to take to the W. ward and till Midnight he made way N. W. and by W. 3. Leagues From midnight untill morning 6. he stood in E. N. ½ northerly 4. Leagues he tackt about untill 10. a Clock 3. Leagues N. W. and by N. At which time hee came to an Anchor in 85. Fadome and found the tyde of Flood to come from the N. Land ebbe from the S. and ruld within 6. or 7. Leagues of shore it bearing N. E. and by E. This Evening 8. he stood with N. and by E. winde N. W. and by 44. Leagues untill midnight at noone before hee had an observation 62. d. 19. m. this day hee saw great store of geese fly to the Southwards which hee tooke to bee a token that the Winter did aproach the weather was very faire and cleere From midnight untill 7. this morning his way W. 5. Leagues N. W. and by W. the wind as before the weather faire and cleere and most likly to prove so to continue of any he had so seene since he came for his wintering From 7. this morning untill 2. in the afternoone hee stood to the E. ward and made way 4. Leagues N. E. and by E. From 2. the wind wearing he stood to the E. ward and made way untill midnight 7. Leagues N. W. From midnight untill morning hee held the same course 4. Leagues N. W. northerly it grew calme and he was within 5. Leagues of a faire Head land hee came to Anchor in 65. Fadome the Land bare from the N. N. W. to the W. S. W. both Lands hee deemed to bee distant 10. Leagues it being calme with windward Tyde hee wayed Anchor hoping to get to the Northward of this faire Head land and that the height of that Land would bring him into deeper water After he was loos'd he was sagged into the Bay from 62. to 50. fathome a small gale comming on hee stood off into 60. fathome when it fell calme he anchored againe this day was faire and cleere he obserued in 62. d. 38. m. This Cape was a very faire Head land and the northerne part is much higher then the westerne but it is all the other Land is of this straight except 15. leagues on this side his wintering place which was woody else on this side it is all barred and rockie but a bad shoare to saile along This forenoone calme but faire and cleere weather and the onely Somers day hee had since his comming from his wintering being at Anchor bewixt the Cape and the W. point he saw the Land to make with two Bayes the further point of the southerne Bay being from the northerne Land of that Bay W. and by S. southerly and the North point E. and by N. northerly And the other Bay from this point to the Cape it selfe lieth E. northerly and S. westerly at noone he observed in 62. d. 42. m. At 4. the afternoone he set sayle and with small winde at 5. he stood with the Cape the weather being cleere and faire hee sent to the Cape to turne the Tyde being thwart of the Cape the point is low with an underland and some 2. Cables length from shore ia a low flat little Iland the land you shall open to the Northward lieth N. W. Westerly hee boat or bore he edged of and anchored within one mile of the land having opened the land to the westward of the Cape he anchored 15. fathom and rid there all night to try the tyde for that his Boat had brought word that it was ebbe tyde and that it set to the Northward which did agree with the tyde he found on the Eastland where hee watered but from the time he now anchored being between 10. and 11. at night and 3. the next morning he set sayle hee could not finde any certainty but what followed This morning was calme but the night before was full of strange Harbours as they call them which is a streame in the Element like the flame that commeth forth the mouth of a a hot oven which upon this Coast how faire soever the weather bee when you see them yet it is an infallible signe of a storme to follow within 24. houres after as it proved by this and divers times before At 3. this morning without certenty of the Tyde a small gale S. he wayed and advised with Captaine Gibbins and Captaine Ingram and with the rest what course was best to bee taken they resolved this Land falling away N. W. and by W. westerly and having 113. Fadome within a Mile of the shore to stand away N. N. W. alougst the shore resolving not to leave this Land untill he were fully satisfied standing thus untill 8. at night being some 7. Leagues of the Cape he saw an Iland of the westermost Land that bore from him W. N. W. 7. or 8 Leagues off hee had then 100. Fathome and stood N. N. W. as before At
noone the weather was close and began to blow hee was then 15. Leagues N. N. W. from the Cape he doth not write whether true course or no but in all the former Hopes Advance unto this Cape I have writ by him according to the true course and had 95. Fadome which made him assure himselfe that the Land winded a way more northerly and thereupon at noone hee stood away N. E. and by N. hoping that course would have bettered his depth but on the contrary for in 2. glasses he shoalded to 60. Fathoms then he hayled away E. S. E. assuring what experience had often shown him that as the water shoalded so the Land winded At 3. in the afternoone the weather thick the wind increasing and hee in 60. Fathome knowing there was no better depth to the N. ward hee stood E. S. E. till 8. at night having 50. Fathome the weather bad and night at hand hee stood about and kept it up with short sayle all that night betweene S. W. and by W. and W. S. W. From midnight till 7. this morning as from 8. last night till midnight thus standing brought him into 80. fathom he cast about to the Eastward with much winde at S. S. W. hazy and thick weather he heeled it up in courses and Bonnets till clock 2. they being starke calmed as it is a speciall note every Blower ends with a starke calme in those parts being then in 65. fathom E. he anchored and rid untill 4. in the evening when a smal gale rising at S. S. W. he waighed and stood S. E. guiding himselfe by his depth for the winde would not give him leave to better his hopes 17. From midnight to 8. this morning as the night before after that time there is small worth the Luke to write upon thaverse and his greatest depth 140. fathom untill the next day in the afternoone and then he had sight of the same Cape he sent his Boat unto the 14. day before It bore from him N. N. W. by compasse about 7. leagues so he steered S. S. W. untill midnight having runne since he set sayle at 2. in the afternoone 10. leagues S. E. and by E. Concluding he writeth that he came to 43. fathom which shoalding was upon the North part of the Iland he watered upon and that this Iland and the said Cape where his Boat was at the 14. day lyeth S. S. E. ½ Easterly and N. N. W. ½ Northerly about 10. leagues betweene both This morning day light he see the land bearing from S. W. by S. at which time he had 65. fathom 19. From 2. this morning untill noone he made away E. â—8 by N. 10. leagues At 7. he saw land on head at least 12. leagues of him he judged it to bee the high land of the Maine within Sir Dudley Diggs his Iland and yet to beare of him as it did it was strange unto him but he saith that Captaine Gibbons confidence was such as that hee must not let passe unspoken of for albeit that hee is so neere in blood as that modestie will not allow of his speaking too much of his merit yet hee will boldly say thus much of his sufficiency as hee assures himselfe he shall make it appeare at his returne if God please to let him live so long as that he is not short of any man that ever yet he carried to Sea All that he can say of him further is that for his Countries good and for the advancement of this businesse we have in hand he could wish his body were answerable to his other abilities which were it not himselfe but many and bis Country most would bee the better for it But that God that made us all of dust will not faile to raise up some good spirits he hopes for the further prosecution of this businesse as that by their honest endeavours and religious Resolutions they will effect that which as yet is not ripe for his Sickle but that God which best knowes what the truth of his endeavours have beene in this businesse he hopes will not faile to give a blessing to some that shall follow and for his part he desires to be blest no otherwise than as he hath sincerely laboured in it and therefore he must conclude and ever beleeve according to the word that Paul plants Apollo waters and God gives the increase So that untill his good will and pleasure is all that we doe cannot in this ought else prevaile At noone the weather faire and cleare he had a good observation by which Captaine Gibbons was well assured but himselfe and some others discenting from him in the bearing of the land from them were deceived in the set of the tyde which in his going out last yeere mightily carried him to the Northward as now as much to the Southward which then nor till now was not found by any of them all He steered open of the Land N. N. E. with tyde 5. leagues untill evening 4. and at 2. he had 307. fathom At 6. in the evening small winde C. Wolstenholme bore S. E. 7. leagues of the Westerne point of the westerne Iland S. E. by S. ½ S. 5. leagnes off he kept it up that he might get about the Westermost point of Nottinghams Iland it lying 8. leagues from Diggs his Iland there thinking to trie the tyde and from thence he purposed to goe to the N. maine betweene Salisbury and Nottinghams Ile to try the distance betweene them it being all he could doe for this yeere About 8. this morning the weather thick and he not above 4. leagues from Ile Nottingham in 64. fathom he anchored and as he remembreth to his comfort being ebbe hee found it a very strong one from S. S. E. to S. E. and by S. At noone slack it was a fresh gale at S. W. hee waighed to get about to the Westward of the Iland about 2 it blew hard and was thick weather with raine and thunder and within a mile of the shore It fell starke calme upon a sudden then he was iu a great ripling in 20. fathom water the Sea all breaches round about him like a Raffe which deserying he stood off with little winde along the Iland and found his drift more in lesse then in one Glasse Then hee could run a head before with both top-sayles on trip and a stiffe gale in 2. houres hee came to anchor to be fully satisfied of the tyde But when the tyde came it came with such force strength out of the N. W. and by N. as hee had much adoe to ride at and could not have ridde it had not he steered the ship all the tyde time the â—ight hee writes did comfort him for what was to be done hereafter for by the course of this tyde and hâ—s owne knowledge of the land being to the Westward of that place 200. leagues is 86. on the Sea and might very
and enforced to set saile the wind at E. and came about to N. E. with fowle weather he stood away towards Sea Horse Point he was perswaded that there might be a passage betweene that Land and the Land they called Swan Iland so this afternoone hee saw both Sea Horse Point and I le Notingham the distance betwixt both is not above 15. or 16. Leagues they lye one from another S. E and N. W. 28. In the morning he saw Sea Horse Point and the Land to stretch away W. S. W. so far as he saw and with Ice wherefore he tackt about and stood away S. E. and by S. 29. This day 11. he came to anchor at Diggs his Iland having yery foule weather at this place where he rod it lyeth open to the W. having 2. of the greatest Iles to breake off the fore of the flood Tyde for after the water was risen an houre and a halfe by the shore then would the Ships ride truly on the tide of flood all the Tyde after now the time of high water on the change is at ½ past 10. or thereabouts This day was faire weather he wayed stood close by Diggs his Iland where presently he perswaded the Salvages to bee close upon the Rocks but when they saw he had espied them divers of them came running down to the water side calling to him to come to anchor which he would have done if hee could but in this place the water was so deep an it is hard to find a place to ride in which seeing he lay to and againe with the ship whilst some of his men with the Boat killed about 70. Fowles for in this place is the greatest store of those fowles which we call Willicks that in few places else is not to be seen for if need were he might have killed many thousand almost incredible to those that have not seene it here he had sufficient proofe of other tyde but when his Boate returned he set sayle homewards The Observation He set forth the 18. of April he saw the land of Groynland the 6. of May he made Resolution the 27. whereon the N. side he found a good Harbor where it flowes an E. S. E. moone and neere 4. fatho he found people at Salvage Isles he was much troubled but especially at Mill Isle he made Cape Comfort and found a tyde but knew not from whence it come The land to the N. treads about him to N. E. by E. the water the farther Northward was but more shallow dirty he returnes homewards the 10. of Iuly his greatest deep at 180. fathoms In his returne at Sea-horse Point he and al his people saw that plainly the tyde came from S. E. as also at Isle Nottingham he broke in a planck and timber of his ship amongst Ice he might have killed thousands of Fowle at Diggs his Island his greatest Variation was 27. d. 46. m. his greatest Lat. was 65. d. 25. m. he saw many Sea Mors at Cape Comfort his Longitude from London was 86. d. 10. m. This day he was forced to anchor 30. leagues within Resolution upon the N. shore the next day he weighed and the 5. day he passed by Resolution but see it not He had sight of Cape Cleere in Ireland He came into Plimouth all his men alive but 3. sick which presently recovered The next yeere being againe imployed in discovery amongst other Instruments he received this For your course you must make all possible hast to Cape Desolation from thence your William Baffyn as Pilot keep along the Coast of Greenland and Fretum Davis untill you come towards the height of 80. if the land will give you leave then for feare of imbaying by keeping off to Northerly a course shape your course W. and Southerly so far as you shall thinke it convenient untill you come to the Lat. of 60. then direct your course to fall with the land of Yed 30. about that height leaving your further sayling Southward to your owne discretion according to the time of the yeere and the winds will give you leave although your desire be if the Voyage be so prosperous that you may have the yeere before you that you goe so far Southerly as that you may touch the N. part of Iapon from whence as from Yedzo if you can see to passe it without danger wee would have you to bring home one of the men of the Country and so God blessing you with all expedition to make you returne home againe Master Baffyne his Letter to the right Worshipfull Sir Iohn Wolitenholme one of the chiefe Adventurers for the discovery of a passage to the North west VVOrthy Sir there needs no filling a Iournall or short Discourse with Preamble circumstance or complement and therefore I will onely tell I am proud of my remembrance when I expresse your worth to my capacity and galâ— of any good fortune when I can avoyde the imputation of ingratitude by acknowledgeing your many favours and seeing it is not unknowne to your Worship in what estate the businesse concerning the North West hath beene heretofore and how the onely hope was in searching Fretum Davis which if your selfe had not beene the more forward the Action had wel-nigh beene left of Now it remaineth for your Worship to know what hath beene performed this yeare wherefore I intreat you to admit of my custome and pardon me if I take the plaine high-way in relating the particulars without using any refined Phrases or eloquent speeches Therefore briefly thus and as it were in the Fore-front I entred to shew the whole proceeding of the Voyage in a word as namely there is no Passage nor hope of Passage in the North of Davis Straight Wee having coasted all or neere all the Circumference thereof and finde it to be no other then a great Bay as the Voyage doth truely show therefore I cannot but much admire the worke of the Almighty when I consider how vaine the best and chiefest hopes of men are in things uncertaine and to speake of no other matter than the hopefull passage to the North West How many of the best sort of men have set their whole endeavours to proove a passage that way not onely in their Conference but also in writing and publishing the Worke Yea what great summes of money having beene spent about the Action as your Worship hath costly experience of Nâ—ither would the Vaine-glorious Spaniard have scattered abroad so many false Mappes and Iournals if they had not beene confident of a passage this way that if it had pleased GOD a passage had beene found they might have eclipsed the worthy prayse of the Adventurers and true Discoverers And for mine owne part I would hardly have beleeved the contrary untill my eyes became witnesses of that I desired not to have found still taking occasion of hope on very likelihood till such time as wee had coasted almost all the Circumference of
lea E by S. and 8 S E by E. the wind at N. at 8 in the evening calme but cleare weather they were close about the N. shore in 80 fath he had a ripling of a Tyde to the E. ward the land was something low towards the water but double height within land it lyeth W N W. and ESE This day he past by an Iland they tooke to be the W. most end of the straight and see Sir Dudâ—y Diggs his Iland being high land and see the S. shore and a gut when it beareth S W. seemeth to be 4 miles over they also â—ee Nottighams and Salisburies Ile and a channell betweene them of 8 leag and this strait is over about 15 leag they stood away this day E by N. 1 To this noone from the last 2 â— leag E. by S latit 63. Salisbury bore N N W. and the W. Cape on the N. shore bore N. E. variat 28 d. the wind N E by N. 2 To this noone 21 leag E by S and S S W. 5 leagues this morning he was close aboard the N. Coast it seemeth high ragged land and full of guts he was becalmed and befogged and stood S. wards into the channâ—ll having 1 10. oazie ground There is nothing else oâ— note untill the 7 day when Resolution bore N W. from him The 9 day he was open in Davis his straite in 59 d. 25 m. and had variat 26 deg 10 This day by storme his Pinnace threw over their boate and he lost sight of her This is all that is to be observed that he entred Fretum Hudson the 22 of Iuly and returned from his Search the 16 of August having beene no further to the N. then almost 65d. and vpon the S. side of Fretum Hudson neare Cape Charles the Tide came from S E. as it doth on the N. side the rest is he was set at his entring the mouth of the straite 30 leag to S. of Cape Chidley FINIS COurteous Readers the Printer but especially the Corrector craves your patience for this long Errata following which is also my request although to my unknowledge and in my absence they not being acquainted with the Methode of our Sea tearmes have coÌ„mitted all these mistakes in 6. sheets beginning at N and ending with S. being sent to another Presse for expedition and for others I desire thy good construction promising they shal be amended at the next Edition Marg Pag Li For Reade  113 39 sowing saving  114 20 strong through evill steeridge  116 7 one Mr. Hudson   22 account action  117 34 manured manned  118 18 the he  119 14 for from  121 18 to I hung a plummet  123 13 being beginning  124 33 tire tide Marg 125  began begin   5 me no   23 so to   29 ledge â—edge   39 trent wend.  126 12 free fore   24 verioe view   30 S. â— Â Â 3â— stache stache   36 leave out Westerly   13 drew drive   24 0 30.  127 11 10 â— Â 128 9 0 This 5th  129 40 man Boates.  130 3 men men were   9 mater Winter Marg  3 Mautâ—ls Sir Râ— Moâ—â—ils   17 have leave Marg 131 2 mans Mâ—â—s teeth   18 they hav They would   24 stay Sea   29 83 clocke 8. 3.   36 rulde ride   37 N. land N. and.   39 with N. N   40 by 44 by W. 4.  132 26 is all is as all   29 bad bold   1 turne try   4 he boatâ— or â—ore the Boat comming on board   4 15 fath in 15 fathâ—â— Â Â 3 former hopes former from Hopes  133 15 E. o.   20 Luke note   21 thaverse traverse  135 â— Raffe rate  136 â—â— is 86 and 66.   21 well say well see   6 himselfe himselfe know   17 how muc thus much   32 Iournals Read in the 37 were taken  137 7 about 57 58 and a halfe    Stinenia America    20 weeks 10 weekes   11 10. â—5 1615.  138 2 he seekt he set   â—8 nâ—hld and â—â—ld   25 to to fro to and fro  139 8 maer 5 fa neere 5 fathâ—â—â— Â Â 15 Sumoche Humocke   31 Cannons Câ—â—â—wes   36 Cannon Câ—â—â—w  140 4 little â—ay a little box   12 shot slâ—ad  141 4 morue mored   13 false faire  142 7 so pertise so precise    the â—uyle the angle    not come come   13 welbes will be   16 W. of W W. of London  144 7 the edge eddy  14â— 35 doubted doubled  146 28 perswad perceived  147 5 4 fath 5 fâ—thaâ—s  156 6 â—â— 150   21 he caud 8th he came   22 instruÌ„ent â—nstructions   24 your wil. you William   25 ler    26 your desi ur desired   29 gazing gaging   33 land â—end MY PREPARATIONS to the Voyage GEntlemen our Yorkeshire Proverbe is Plaine dealing is a Iewell So it is that I was neither importuned nor intreated to this vndertaking by any eyther Noble or Gentle but the Truth is that I had beene itching after it ever since 1606. when I should have gone Mate to Iohn Knight of whom doth follow yet I must confesse that heere my ambition soared a pitch higher then my abilitie as now time hath made me to know yet his Discretion and Experience taught him to discerne of what could bee in my youth but I presuming vpon some parts I had as the vse of the Globes and other Mathematicke Instruments having beene Sea bred from my Boyestime and had beene in the Mediterranian Spaine France Holland Norway Denmarke and the Balticke Sea thought my selfe to bee fit for the best imployment desired to be pluckt before I was ripe but hee durst not depend vpon me in that place for the Voyage so as I did not proceed with him yet I was still kept in Marine imployments along the Coast and Crossing the Sea whereby I gained Experience and also at the Returnes home of all Ships from thence I enquired of the Masters Mates and others that were that way imployed whereby I gathered by Report and Discourse and Manuscripts how farre they had proceeded what they had done and what was to doe To better which I often repaired to Mr. IOHN TAPPE whose acquaintance was much amongst these men he also acquainting me with Mr. THO. STERNE Globe-maker whom I have found to have engrossed all those former Voyages by Relation Manuscripts and Maps from whom I gathered much and must needs say hee is a
and Iland in 30 fathomes the tyde went E. 2 knots the land lay E and West but I could not fully say it was an Iland for it lay like a Ridge or to Simily it like to the Retyres in the mouth of the River of Saine in Normandie I do hold that all those peeces of ice here are ingendered about those low Capes and Bayes as Mansils also is where easie tides goe they are soone frose over the Snow falling there on thickneth them so that by degrees they increases the Pettiedancere brought nor sent us any storme this night ended in raine and it was easie wind from the E N E. Wee made from the Ice this morning to stand to the land Da 21 we see last night it was ebbe tyde and set to the E. and I plide alongst it to find a fit place for the boate to land in it was iust at low water for they were glad to stay the setting of their glasse untill the tyde began to flowe And after that time clock 10. they staied untill it began to fall viz. 4 houres and so I accounted on shipboard riding upon 6 fath nere shoare the water so transparent as you might easily see the bottome the ice comming upon us we weyed Anchor the wind came gently from the N. we stood it upon the tyde to and againe along the land loofing and wareing from ice which came driving with the flood At their comming on board their accompt was this that the tyde did flowe but 4. howres and that it heightned but 6. foote and this was 2 dayes after the Coniunction of the Sunne and Moone so that the flood began at ½ past 10. and ended at ½ past 2. by this a South and by W. Moon makes a full Sea and the tydes motion ends with the flowing assuredly this was Carie Swans nest for both from East and West ends it stretcheth to the North our men chast Swans on shoare but got none they say there is earth strange Mosse Quag-myres and water plashes at clocke 4. I tocke leave and stood along from 6. fathomes into 30 loosing sight thereof and from thence I stood to the Westward◠with North-West wind close haled leaving both th◠Cape and the Ice behinde mee for the Sea Mors to sleepe upon there being good store thereabout Moneths July From the Cape or Swannes Nest this noone-tyde I was Da 22 16 leagues and one mile no ground at 70 fathomes for I was loth to stay the ship at any time me thought sayling had been uncouth but at 4 this morning I had 90 fathomes owzy ground thicke weather the wind easie and shifting betwixt N and N W. my way was to Southward of West This Meridian I was in 61 deg 37 min. at 8 the last day I Da 23 tooke the ship about and made way untill this day 12 11 leagues 2 miles N W. ½ W. it hath beene a faire cleare day easie winds the ayre warme and no Ice since I came into this Sea I did but thinke I saw land at N E. by E. This smooth Sea hath a small set from the West with lippering rising and falling as other Shallow Seas use to have the deepe last night was 115 fathomes I made way to this day 12 N W. by W. ½ W. 13 leagues This close morning hid the Sunne untill noone we being Da 24 in 120 fathomes the afternoone was cleare and gently breathed from W N W. I have not tryed for fish in this Sea as I did in Fretum Hudson where I got none I thanke God here we have not the like leisure here are some Seales but few Fowles the latitude of noone was 62 deg 20 min. here appeares to be more Riplins of Tyde the variation by Azimuth and Almicanter was 26 deg 31. min. at most the Sunne went cleare to bed and at midnight we had 60 fathomes deepe This morning Amplitude was 5 deg the Refraction is Da 25 great here and the Horizons thicke which begets uncertainties besides the Needle yet is very slow in comming to his respective point I now hope for warmer weather and clearer Sea than heretofore at noone I had 55 fathomes in latitude to 62 deg 36 min. since last day I made way N by E. 18 leagues faire weather the Sunne went downe cleare Ioy to our Antipodes the Henban flashing all night was a Da 26 hot day in as England in the morning I had 58 fathomes and white Corall the latitude 63 deg 20 min. the way since last day was N. 4 deg East 18 leagues since clocke 4 wee lay Larbord Tack N. W. it was a few drops of raine this Evening yet the Sunne set cleare and wee had deepe 65 fathomes at midnight and then was in the Ayre many Pettie-dancers The last night was so hot as it dryed up 15 fathomes water Moneths Iuly Da 27 for this morning we had but 50 the wind was betweene W and N N W. here was great store of Rockeweed and Tangle In the Ripline of a Tide I caused the boat to be lanched in 31 fathomes the Tyde came from N. by W. ½ a mile in an houre All this day the fog banks hath deceived mee but now I am sure I see land both the maine and Ilands of which there are many lying about 2 leagues into the Sea all ragged and broken rocks within this land bore from N. E. by E. to W. by S. here are great store of fish leaping and fairer weather cannot be I have sent the boat to land and to my comfort three things I could espie by the shore that it was flood Tyde and that it came from the Southward and that it doth flow and fall very much water before we came neere the Iland wee came over a banke of 8 fathomes and neerer the Iland we fell into 15. there seeming upon the land to be Poles erected and buildings of stone and other hillocks like Haycocks The boat went on land at clocke 6. and stayed 3 glasses or one houre and ½ in which time it flowed neere sixe foot it was flood before they went for while they were rowing to shore I did observe it had flowed at least 3 foot by certain rocks that were dry at our first approach they say that it had about 9 foot to flow at clocke 8. the tide returned and set to S. W. ward which sheweth that it runs halfe tide or else the Main beyond it is an Iland about which the tyde may have an uncontrary course as in some of the Sounds of the Iland of Selly at Englands W. end this Iland doth lie in 64 d. 10. m. of latitude and I took this place to be the N. E. side of Sir Thomas Buttons ut ultra I could see to the N. E. ward of this at least 10 leagues but no land at E. or S. E. it being as cleare an evening as could be imagined the land to be seene was from the N N. E. to the
there was store of Deere in that Iland I tooke it to be 6 or 7 miles long but they thought it to be parted in two it is all shelves and ridges betwixt the shore and it making as it were a Bay betweene the North land which is high and the South for all the land to South of this is all low land except 3 or 4 places neere unto the West part of Hudsons West Bay where Captaine Iames wintered they say in comming on board hard by the Iland they did espie 40 Whales some say lesse but it seemeth there were many lying there to sleepe so as they tooke them for Rocks they say there is a Cove or Harbour made by small Ilands that a ship may ride in safety for all weathers and have two â—athomes at low water it is on the Eastside the Masters mate told me he wisht the ship therein because there was a bolt in the Stemme which stucke out since the Cut-water was twined off and that it was dangerous to hurt a Cable if wee should Anchor I said wee might Anchor 100 times and yet have kept the Cable cleare from the bolt by letting fall an Anchor of the weather bowe but to conclude Moneths July the time was so farre spent to neglect the opportunity of Discovering to put into harbour for such a trifle When I had stood W. S. W. away from this Iland twelve Da 30 leagues I hal'd in againe W. by N. as I see the Ridges and broken lands stretch and keeping the West Maine alwayes in sight many Ridges did appeare which to goe to Seaward off I stood S W. and by W. for here is dangerous sayling in the clearest weather yet I must not part from sight of the Maine for making my discovery exactly our Deepes from Brooke Cobham have beene 37. 40. 35. 30. fathomes Thanks be given to God it is and hath been long time faire weather and now faire windes from land which makes the better discovering we have still of those Henbans or Pettie-dancers but no storme I Anchored a thwart a little Iland twelve leagues from Brooke Cobham the Master with the boat went on land where it was low water about ½ an houre before 8. at night within this Iland he sees other Ilands and Ledges at low water so as he thought he could have gone on foote to the Maine from hence wee see other Ilands bearing W. S. W. at this Iland the Salvages had been and there was great store of Sea Pigeons thereon he brought alive a dunne Foxe on board and had encountred two Seamors whereof hee launc'd one but for want of helpe they both got away they brought on board good store of Scurvie-grasse which I caused to be pounded and the juyce to be prest forth and put into a Hogshead of strong Beare with command that every one that would should have a pint to his mornings draught but none would taste it untill it was past time and themselves almost past meanes The Master told me he had named this Iland Dunne Foxe Iland after his owne name and the Foxes colour which I liked well The Tyde came from Northeast and it flowed about twelve foote water now I began to know that I went from the Tyde for sayling from this Tyde I lost the passage but I must still follow instruction and hope I wayed at the Masters comming aboord clocke 9. in the Evening standing away with those Ilands the day light had shewed me the Direction was West South West as they Moneths July bore the deepe 7 8 10 15 12. fathomes I altered the course more Southerly for deeper water and going South-West had 12 15 12 10. and so to 25 fathome from 9. to 4 a Clocke I stood still away with flood South West ebbe West untill 8 a clocke in 35 30 20. all to Starreboard was Ridges and broken lands even close to the Maine this night was something darke the Sunne declines fast Southward and wee sayling as fast the same way must needes darken the nights a pace especially those that are thicke and clouded as this was All this morning watch from foure to eight it rained but Da 31 was faire weather all day after untill towards night it was halfe an houres fogge betweene three and foure in the afternoone after that came North windes raine and wet fogge all night the steering was foure leagues West South West the deepes from 30 26 to 6 fathomes With this wind from land I bore in amongst the Ilands fearing to loose the Maine at any time standing in betwixt West and West North West as the wind veered or haled my depth was sixeteene fathomes but amongst those Ilands wee came in sundry Over-falls of sixe fathomes and had brought them to beare severally from me North-East by North North by West West South West South West by West at night clocke tenne I came to Anchor in seven fathomes it fell three foote water after that Anchoring the weather was wette fogge the flood put in foureteene foote water it did not fall any water from clocke eleven untill foureteene Glasses were out the flood was so small being inclosed with Ilands as it did not make the ship port yet blowing but to Course and Bonnet it kept the Tide in seven houres I durst not hazzard any further within these Ilands untill I sent the boate to make tryall who sounded from seven fathomes to tenne foot I named those Ilands Brigges his Mathematickes This morning the Master and I in the Maine top might Da 1 see two Ridges dry which last evening wee came hard by I doe thinke that in Winter the windy stormes puts in some flowings of water incredible to be beleeved in respect of other places for it may be perceived that the water hath Moneths August been upon the land and Ilands higher by five or sixe fathome then the usuall Spring-Tydes as also our men did perceive the same at Carie Swannes Nest Being satisfied for what concerned this place I weyed and stood to Sea in sixe fathomes the least water fearing to deale any more within the Ilands when I was cleare I went to the old course againe S. W. by S. but the land flying me I hal'd in West and had water from 14 to 6 fathome uneven ground the land met me againe stretching more to S. and had many humlocks therein I stood toward it W. and W. S. W. so neere as I durst for shoale water at which time I dare presume it was seven miles from me and yet I had but 6 7 or 10 fathome I runne off along time before I came into 20 fathome and in this wearing off I came by two dry ridges that had been farre without me I Anchored at night in 25 fathomes 10 leagues S. S. W. from the land and Ilands which I roade amongst last night the Tyde came S. S. W. This faire morning I waited at clocke 6. and stood along Da 2 West Southwest having
25 25 25 fathomes at the distance of 7 leagues from my last nights Anchoring place I met another Iland three or foure more within it all lying almost without sight of the Maine I stood within them to seven fathomes and tooke about to make a perfect discovery of the Maine which done I Veered away the wind still about North North West I went to Seaward off the said Iland at whose Northeast end there lay a reefe which with the ebbe that fell over it made a great Ripling or Race so as I could discerne thereby when I might edge up againe here in this Overfall was a Sea Mors I tooke this to be the Checkes latitude 61 degrees 10 minutes I went over in nine fathomes and then standing Southwest came presently into twentie I hoped now for a sight of Hubberts comfortable Hope the land lay along Southwest and Northeast it hath blowen all this day to Course and Bonnet at night I Anchored at twenty fathomes two or three leagues from shore the land is low but within are many water ponds and small growne wood I stood along all those supposed Checkes from my last Da 3 nights Roade into 3. fathomes upon the shoare the land lowe but now and then a Sandie knowle or downe would appeare Moneths August much like the coast of Holland and â—landers wee made way S W. and by W. 10 leag and divers times see dry shelves betweene us and the shoare The Latit w is 60 d. 22 m. this afternoone was small wind from S W. and I sent the boat to the land being about 3 miles off my selfe with ship anchored in 7 fathomes I gave a token that if the water should shoale sodainely they in the boate should shoote off a Musket which before they came to shoare they did here were many Musketoes The Master was in the boate and had but 2 fathomes when they shot all the water within us was shoald so that then we were glad to wade forth although the tyde was flood it flowing 14 inches in two glasses but in further examining I found no good account onely this doth sustice that as I range along the coast I do goe from the tide and that it keepeth course with the Moone and that the further I speed from Sir Thomas Roes welcome it still floweth lesse water and the tides current is the easier here on land the Mr. found the reliques of a birch Cannowe the footings and hornes of Deere both small and great and of fowle an Arrowe headed with a nayle the head beaten broad and put into a shaft of 18 inches long he thought it flowed about 7 foote the floode began about clocke 8. I am sure it was slacke tyde at ship then and I will be slacke to write any more hereof for I cannot season the reckoning taken on shoare After the boates comming on board I stood off 3 glasses to anchor in 13 fathome water Hubbert makes me hope for now I draw nere here the tyde did set S W. and by W. the ebbe E and by South From the last day to this I made way S S W. 5 leag and am Da 4 now in 59 d. 53 m. of Latit standing along betweene 10 and 20 fath S S W. at night 10. I came to a land lying about 2 leag from the Mayne but so dry at low water that you may goe to the firme land betwixt the one and the other this lyeth from my last nights roade 10 leag S and by W. At the dayes appearance I went to this Iland it is all stones Da 5 as the other the Sea hath bin smooth of long time the Sunne rose cleare and at the 4 glasse after lowe water it did flowe 21 inches this was when the half tyde came to take his first set and came with a shuft I did account that it would Moneths August not flow lesse then 18 foote but after this shuft it flowed lesse and lesse untill full Sea that tyde the 3 first glasses did not flow above 2 foote Vpon this Iland were many corpes laid in the same manner as at Sir Thomas Roes Welcome the Salv. inhabitants had lately bin there left the skaddles of their fire they had also sunk a well ston'd it about for there was fresh water therein there was here some store of the ruined fragments of Cannowes and other firre wood with which we laded the boat on board there was also carved toyes in their graves I did Anchor at clocke 8 now these nights begin to be long left I might slip by some Inlet unseene this day was very â—ot and a small gale from S S W. we had all this time very hot dayes euer since we came from Carie Swans nest if that the cold N W. wind had not delayed them this Meridian I was in 59 d. 05 m. I stood off into 20 fath and went in againe to 15. the broken Iland in sight since noone untill this midnight I made way S. 3 leag and then I discerned the land to meete upon my weather bough and a head so I caused to tack about and lay N W. by N. in wind W by S. 5 glasses a leag it seemed to be higher land then I had lately seen from 15 fath deepe yesterday I came S. as before upon 18 and 20 fathoms I stood thus to the Northwards untill day light and then I see my land I was upon yesterday morning and the land within it which I see yesternight stretching into Hubberts Hope I stood about to the Southwards and the day light being come Da 6 on I could see the bottome of Vainely Hâ—apt Hubbert for so I â—â—ld it and the South land meeting E and W. the length of it at least 15 leagues I anchored the boate in 20 fathomes the Tyde came N. W. and this is that supposed Tide that set E and W. which was no more but the same Tyde I brought along with mee from Sir Tho. Roes Welcome comming all along the coast S W by S. falling into this Vaine Hope is enforced to alter his course by opposition of the S side of this large Bay and there to set E and W. as the land doth lye 1 mile 2 7. in one houre The Iland I was upon yesterday was doubtlesse the Checks named by Sir Thomas Button for what reason I know not except for that here his hope was crost he tooke it as a checke This land bore from me to the S E. by E. and was gentlie decending down to the Sea side the greenest best like I have Moneths August seene since I came out of the river of Thames and as it were inclosed with thick rowes of Trees betweene one meadowe and another distinct as it were Barne Elmes nere London and at sight hereof I did thinke of them and if there be any keeping of tame Deere or other beasts or tillage in all that countrey I should think it to be there for certainely there
as followeth may better satisfie then the historie it selfe can jâ—lusâ—erate The Example ADmit a ship to be nere the shore to the N. W. of the point of Portland in Dorset-shiere with easie S. S. W. gale standing W. close hal'd the Flood-tide being comming in from about the Berry into the Bay of Lyme falling S. E. into the Race shall take the said ship vpon the Lee-bowe and in despight carrie her into the Race at the S. point of Portland it setting E. where then shee shall stemme the same whose greater force she not being able to ouer-haile shall tacke her about the said Point and then setting E. N. E. and N. E. vpon her wether bow shall carry her into the grasse now with same wind same tide and same winding shee shall bringe the same land W. S. W. or S. W. vpon her this same happened to me at this new head-land which being in the night did not a little stumble mee to find out vntill my remembrance questioned with my experience to find the cause which otherwise we must haue thought that wee raised a new land for which similie as other jnducements to the furtherance of this enterance I haue named the same fore-land my Lord Westons Portland Heere followeth the Demonstration The tydes do abate to morrow being quarter day the last Moneths September night was some lightning This day wee see the Sun but to no use I drive along the coast with an easie breath from N. some snow fell Standing along this coast betwixt the Queenes Cape and Da 22 L. Westens Portland I named another headland Cape Dorchester remembring Captaine Davis writeing of Secretarie Walsingham who saith that at his death this Voyage was left freindlesse though I am sure this Noble Successour revived it againe with his best furtherance and my incouragement I came to this Cape at 6 this morning I had along the land 20 fathomes there are store of Sea Mors in this Sea the land doth lye full of Snow it freezeth the very Ship side and steepe tubbes the Capes as L. Westens Portland and Cape Dorchester are distant about 20 leagues the land stretching to the S E. to the North of L. Westens Portland I named Foxe his farthest the deep Bay or Inlet to the S. betwixt the same and Cape Dorchester I named the North side Poynt Barte that on the South browe Carleton This Meridian I was in 65 d. 30 min. Cape Dorchester bore S E. by E. 4 leagues I have come backe againe from L. Westens Portland 26 leag S E by S. which is about 1 deg 5 min. and I was to the W. of it 12 min. added maketh 1 deg 17 min. to 65 deg 30 min. maketh 66 d. 47 min my furthest N. this day the wind was all over at clocke 4. it came to the North and having stopt the flood tyde going 2 knots ½ I wayed and came along S S W. and S W. by S. as the land did cost and fell into 40. 60. 78 fathomes and then it being night I did recount I was past the overfals to S the Queenes Forland then I directed the course to be S. This morning Aurora blusht as though shee had ushered Da 23 her Master from some unchast lodging and the ayre so silent as though all those handmaides had promised secrecy the Eastermost of Mill I le bore S E. by E. the North Mayne from the Kings Promontory stretching E. away Prince Charles his Forland so named by Bilot bearing E N E. and at the East-â—ide of the said Forland goeth in a very fayre sound I named â—t the Prince his Cradle an Iland on the West I named his Nurses of this Cape 1 league I had 120 fathomes the Prince his Forland doth lye 5 leagues S E. from the Kings Promontory yesterday the Carpenter laid downe haveing not Moneths September beene well for diverse dayes before it was little wind with great store of Henbans and Pettidancers a common incident to these parts in cleare nights This fayre day wee came along the North Mayne E S E Da 24 with N W. wind 10 leag distant from the Princes Cape E South-East lyeth a fayre Cape I named Cape Dorcet and 3 leagues to the East of that is another I named Cape Cooke in due respect to Sir Iohn Cooke Secretary of State with a deepe Bay betwixt them as it were halfe incircleing an Iland remote from the Mayne I named it Ile Nicholas the former names given as Cape Linsey Cape Portland Cape Dorcet Cape Dorchester Cape Cooke I gave in duetifull remembrance of those Lords Commissioners for the Admiraltie whose furtherance and countenances in my dispatch for his Maiesties Pinâ—ace the Charles I had towards the accomplishment of this designe I le Nicholas I named it in remembrance of Master Edward Nicholus Secretary to the said Lords whom I have often troubled I named those Capes as the occasion in my discoverie offered it selfe The land to the East from Ile Nicholas along the North Mayne lyeth in sight North East by East and the same Mayne from Cape Dorcet by Cape Cooke lyeth East by North about the former distance at the end thereof there is no land to be seene to the N. I directed the course from Ile Nicholas E S E. This evening clocke 8 I was distant as before from the I le 8 leagues and Salisbury was from mee West by South one halfe Southerly 12 leagues I lancht away from hence true Course as all is set downe East South East This noone I had steered this course 4 watches 25 leag Da 25 to bring mee betweene the Salvage Iles and Prince Charles his Cape upon the South Mayne at this time the body of the â—ortheâ—most I le bore from mee N N E. one halfe N about 6 leagues the night was close but faire weather this night and last day wee came by many small Ilands of Ice all the small chattered which this strait laid so full of being desolved and gone for we see none since we came from Sea Horse Poynt this day was some Snowe God continue Moneths September this W N. W wind for wee have many that already have made a Scurvie Voyage of it the Mr. is up againe running as before 5 leagues at clocke 4 Cape Charles bore S W. by S 1 â— S. about 12 leagues off These Ilands called Salvage Iles lye N. W. from one greater Iland I cannot say it to be the North Mayne because it doth bend to the Northwards both from the W. and E and therefore the W. end I take to be that named the Queenes Cape at the E. end doe lye 2 Ilands the one bigger the other lesse I named the one Sackfield the other Crowe after Sir Sackfield Crowe late Treasurer to his Majesties Navie from the W. to the E. of this land or Iland is many showes of Sounds or Bayes ragged and high the land being barren to sight From the last noone to this I made
wish their pride to know that Gods mercy is over all his Creatures and hath created as good men in the North as in the South let no man bee disdained misprised or vndervalued for his wants except in Vertues For I doe not thinke but litle Mr. IEFFERY that pretty Courtier can pitch his eye-sight as high into the Firmament as Mr. EVANS his Maiesties great Porter And for Sea-men where have you better than the Scotsh-men are and yet North-Countrey men It was also cast into my dish that I was an Officer of the Admiralty a poore conceit to obiect against me for this vndertaking and as much as to say as the greatest Civilian held to be in Christendome cannot be capable of higher Promotion if hee belong to the Admiraltie I have also placed a Polar Map or Card that this Discoverie may be the better vnderstood and for that I did desire to give satisfaction by Demonstration of all treated of in the Booke for otherwise another proiection could not have contained it but at vnreasonable diversity and because I cannot describe all the Names in Fretum Hudson of Capes Ilands and Bayes at length in Letters in respect of the smalnesse of the Degrees of Longitude I have inserted them in a table by the letters of the Alphabet as thou shalt find beginning with A b c d and tracted my owne way and discovery foorth and home in small prickes I acknowledge it to be but rough-hewen like Ship wrights â—imber but what it wants in smoothnesse or forme let thy good Report licke it into I trust I shall not need to vse the fashion of Authors to make any doubt of carping Momus or rayling Zoilus seeing I have intended thy Good without any Reservation to my selfe But I feare mee I have held thee too long in this place like him who purposeth to take a long Iourney stumbles vpon his owne threshold but have Patience for I had rather be in fault then want I have here prostrated my duty to my King and my service to my Countrey craving thy favourable acceptance I rest From Kingston upon Hull this first of Ianuary 1635. Thine in all welwilling Luke Foxe CERTAINE TESTIMOnies concerning King Arthur and his Conquests of the North regions taken by Mr. Hacklute out of the Histories of the Kings of Brittaine written by Galfridus Monamutensis newly Printed at Hedleberg 1587. Lib. 9. Cap. 10. IN the yeare of CHRIST 517. King Arthur in the second yeare of his raigne having subdued all parts of Ireland sayled with his Fleet into Iseland and brought it and the people thereof into subjection the rumour being spred throughout all the other Lands that no Countrey was able to withstand him Doldanius King of Gotland and Gunfacius the King of Orkney came voluntary unto him and yeelded their obedience promising to pay him Tribute The winter being spent hee returned into Britaine established his Kingdome in perfect peace he continued there for the space of twelue yeares Lib. 9. Cap. 12. After that King Arthur sending his Messengers into divers Kingdomes hee summoned such as were to come to his Court aswell out of France as out of the adjacent Ilands of the Sea and a little after from these adjacent Ilands came Guillaumarius King of Ireland Malvatius King of Iseland Doldunus King of Gotland Gunnotius King of Orkney Lot the King of Norway and Archilius King of Denmarke A testimony of the Right and Appendances of the Crowne of the Kingdome of Brittaine taken out of Mr. Lambert Fol. 137. pag. 2. ARTHVR which was sometimes the most renowned King of the Britaines was a mighty valiant and famous Warriour This Kingdome was too little for him and his minde was not contented with it hee therefore valiantly subdueâ— all Scantia now called Norway and all the Iles beyond Norway to wit Iseland and Groenland which are appertaining unto Norway Sweveland Ireland Gotland Denmarke Semeland Windeland Curland Roe Femeland Wireland Flaunders Cherilland Lapland and all other Lands of the East sea even unto Russia in which Lapland he placed the Eastmost Bounds of his Brittish Empire and many other Ilands beyond Norway even under the Pole which are appendances of Scantia now called Norway he planted the Christian Faith throughout all Norway matched their Nobility with Brittish bloud called Norway the Chamber of Brittaine and incorporated them unto us Another testimony out of Galfridus Monumetensis concerning the Conquest of Malga King of England Lib. 11. cap. 7. MALGO succeeded Vorciporius which was the goodliest man in person of all Brittaine a Prince that expulsed many Tyrants hee was strong and valiant in warre taller then most men that then lived and exceeding famous for his vertues This King also obtained the Government of the whole Iland of Brittaine and by most sharpe battailes he recovered to his Empire the sixe Ilands of the Ocean Sea which were before Tributaries to King Arthur namely Ireland Iseland Gotland Orkney Norway and Denmarke The Voyage of Octher to the Northeast parts beyond Norway reported by himselfe vnto Alfred the famous King of England about the yeare 890. OCTHER sayd that the Countrey wherein he dweit was called Helgoland hee told his Lord King Elfreed that he dwelt furthest North of any Norman he sayd that he dwelt towards the North part of the Land towards the West coast And in another place hee affirmeth that there was no man dwelling towards the North from him and aâ—lirmed the land to stretch farre to the North yet all Desert and not inhabited Vpon a time he fell into a fancy to know how farre the Land stretched Northward whereupon hee tooke his voyage directly North along the Coast having alwayes the Desert land upon his Staâ—board and upon the Larboard the maine Ocean and continued his course for the space of 3. dayes in which space hee was come as farre towards the North as the Whale-hunters used to travell hee proceeded to the North as farre as hee was able to sayle in other 3. dayes at the end whereof he perceived the Coast turned toward the East or else the Sea opened with a maine Gulfe into the land hee knew not how farre well he wist and remembred that he was faine to stay till hee had a Westerne wind and somewhat Northerly and thence hee sayled plaine East along the Coast still so farre as hee was able in 4. dayes at the end of which time hee was compelled to stay untill he had a full Northerly wind for as much as the Coast bowed downe thence directly towards the Southward at leastwise the Sea opened into the Land that he could not tell how farre so that hee sayled alongst the coast directly South so farre as he could travell in five dayes and at the 5. dayes end hee descryed a mighty River which opened very farre in the land at the entry of which River hee stayed his course and in conclusion turned backe againe For he durst not enter so feare of the Inhabitants of the Land
perceiving that on the other side of the River it was throughly inhabited which was the first peopled Land he had found from the place of his dwelling whereas continually hee had a desert Wildernesse upon his Starbord-side except some in places he saw a few Fishers Fowlers and Hunters which were all Finnes and on the Larbord the maine ocean Thus much for Octher whom it appeares was the second that doubled the North Cape that we have extant King Arthur being the first Although I know heere is something that will not bee beleeved yet I will proceed seeing that the more and further I doe goe on I finde some reason to have better confidence of the former and thus much c. Therefore as followeth out of the Comments of Arngrinus Fitz Ionus 1598. A Certaine Writer sayth hee hath put downe the distance betweene the mouth of Elbe and Baczend in the South part of Iseland to be 400. leagues from whence if you will accompt the difference of Longitude to the Meridian of Hambrough Iseland must have none of the Longitudes accompted of as 5. 7. 6. 20. 30. 28. 325. according to severall Authors for I am able to prove by 3. severall Voyages of Hamburgers that it is but 7. dayes sayle from Iseland to Hambrough besides all the Ilands which for the abundance of Sheepe are called Farrier as likewise the Desert shoares of Norway are distant from us but two dayes sayling wee have 4. dayes sayling into habitable Groenland and almost in the same quantity of time wee past over to the Province of Norway called Stâ—d lying betweene the Townes of Oridrosia or Trondon and Bargon as we find by antient Records of those Nations Iseland hath bin called by three names one after another for one Nuddocus a Norvegian borne who is thought to bee the first Discoverer thereof as he was sayling towards Farra Ilands through a violent Tempest did by chance arrive at the East shore of Iseland where beholding the Mountaines tops covered with Snow called this Iland Snowland After this one Gardarus being moved with Nuddocus reports went to seeke and when hee had found hee called it Garders Ile After these two one Flok went into this Land and named it after the Ice hee found there Iceland This land hath some yeares no Ice at all as in 1592. but the Sea is open for most yeares from Aprill to Ianuary and in May all is driven to the West and this Land hee inhabited about the yeare of our Lord 874. In the yeare 1591. there was a Ship of Germany lay laden with Copper 14. dayes in the harbour of Vopnaford in November she set sayle and departed this was some ship of the Balticke Sea or Hambrough which durst not goe through the Narrow seas for Spaine The Commentor Arngrinus sayth in the yeare of Christ 874. Iseland being indeed discovered before that time as is aboue mentioned was the first of all inhabited by certaine Norvegians their Chieftaine was one Ingulphus from whose name the East Cape of Iseland is called Ingulâ—e Hoffdie these Planters are reckoned vp by name in our Records saith he more then to the number of 400. together with those of their blood and kindred and great families besides neither onely is their number described but it is so plainely set downe what Coasts what Shoares and what In-land places each of them did occupie and inhabite and what names the inhabitants did giue vnto Straights Bayes Harbours Necklands Creekes Capes Rockes Crags Mountaines Hills Valleyes Hammockes Springs Flouds Rivers and to be short what names they gaue vnto their Granges and houses whereof many as this day are received and vsed Therefore the Norvages with their company peopled all the habitable places of Iseland The voyages of the Brethren Mr. Nicolo and Anthonie Zeni Venotians collected out of their owne Letters by Mr. Francisco Maritino NIcolas caused a ship to be made ready at his owne charge in Italy 1380. with intent to see England and Flanders but was by tempest cast vpon the I le of Freesland where he had beene cruelly entreated had it not beene for Zichmni Lord of certaine Ilands called Porland lying on the South of Freesland being rich and populous he was also Duke of Sorany lying ouer against Scotland This Prince being arrived vpon Freesland to make warre vpon the same vnderstanding the shipwracke came presently and hearing by the Latine tongue that he was of Italy he received him into protection with great ioy This Prince having the last yeare given the overthrow to the King of Norway in some of his Signiories was come to Friesland also to take the same from the said King whereof he was Lord and to that purpose vnderstanding that Mr. Nicolo had great judgement in Sea and Martiall affaires he gaue him commission to goe aboord his ships commanding the Captaine to honour him in all things and to vse his counsell his Nauie consisted of 30. saile whereof two rowed with Oares With these small Barkes and one ship they â—ailed to the Westward and won Ledovo and Ilofe and divers other small Ilands and turned into a Bay called Sudero in the Hauen of the Towne called Samstoll they tooke certaine small Barkes laden with fish Here they found Zichmni who came thither by land conquering all the Country they sailed to the W. by another Cape or Gulfe and conquered all the Ilands they found to the Signorie of Zichmnâ— These Seas for as much as they sailed were in manner nothing but shoales and Rockes so as it was thought amongst them that the fleete had perished if it had not beene for the skill and knowledge of Mr. Nicolo and his men who had beene brought vp in the practise of Nauigation all their liues At the counsell of Mr. Anthonie they goe on Land when they heard of the good successe of Zichmni in his warres and that all the Iland by Embassadors was yeilded vnto him At their meeting the Prince gaue Mr. Nicolo the honour of Knighthood graced him as the preseruer of his fleete and rewarded his men In Triumphant manner they goe towards Friesland the chiefe Citty thereof is scituate on the S. E. side within a Gulfe or Bay as there are many in that Iland in this Gulfe or Bay is such abundance of fish taken that many ships are laden to serue Flanders Brittaine England Scotland Norway and Denmarke Thus much is taken out of a Letter that Mr. Nicolo sent to his Brother Anthonie requesting that he would seeke some meanes to come to him MAster Anthonie furnisht a ship and after great danger with great joy arrived with his Brother where he remained 14. yeares 4. yeares with his Brother and 10. yeares alone where they so behaued themselues that Nicolo was made Captaine of Zâ—chmnies Nauie they set forth for the enterprise of Estland being betweene Friesland and Norway but by storme of wind they were driven vpon certaine shoales where a great part of their Fleete was cast away The King of Denmarke
being in despaire thereof never offered to attempt their freedome and therefore stayed there whereupon he travailed through the woods towards Dorgio the next Lord knew him and he was conveyed from one to another untill at length he came to Dorgio where he stayed three yeares and hearing of divers Boates that were arrived there he went to the sea side and asking of whence they were they said of Estotiland he being glad requested to be entertained by them and carried to their country which they gladly granted and used him for their Interpretor After that he frequented that trading with them and became very rich wherewith he furnished a barke returned into Friezeland and to his Lord made this report of that wealthy Country He is credited here for that the Mariners doe affirme his reports to be true wherefore this Lord is resolved to send me forth with a fleete toward these parts but it was not so for Zâ—chmni went himselfe and concerning their proceedings I have a Letter in forme following OVr preparation for Estotiland was begun in an unluckie houre for three dayes before our departure the Fisherman dyed that should have beene our guide notwithstanding this Lord would not give over the enterprise taking the Marriners that returned with him making our navigation to the Westward we discovered Ilands subject to Friesland and having passed certaine shelves we stayed at Ledovo 7. dayes The first of Iuly we arrived at Ilofe we stayed not there but had a veâ—ing storme at Sea for 8. dayes not knowing where we were a great part of their barkes were cast away the weather being faire they gathered up the pieces of broken barkes sayling on with prosperous wind they discovered land at W. They tooke harbour and an infinite company of armed men came to defend their Iland Zichmni makes signes of peace sends 10. men of ten severall languages but they could understand none but one that was of Iseland who informed them that the Ilands name was Icâ—ria named after the name of the first King of that place whom they say was sonne to Dedalus King of Scotland who conquered that Iland and left his sonne there for King and they called this Sea the Icarion Sea in remembrance of that King in further search was drowned there They would not suffer us to land but onely they would receive one man to learne the Jtalian tongue as they had received the other tenne He espying a harbour on the East side put therein for wood and water but the inhabitants assaults slew and maimed many of them enforcing them away and sayling about the Cape of the Iland towards the North we found many shoalds amongst the which we were ten dayes continually in danger of losing our whole fleete Zichmni seeing he could not prevaile against the force of the Ilands sailed 6. dayes towards the West but the wind changing into S. W. he sayled 4. dayes with wind a poope with a growne sea he discovers land not knowing what land and rowing to it with Oares they finde a good harbour and see farre off a Mountaine that cast forth smoake Zichmni sent forth an hundred Souldiers to search what people inhabited it the whiles he takes in wood and water catches great store of fish and Sea fowle with such aboundance of Egges that his men halfe famished were filled therewith this was in Iune the ayre so temperate pleasant as impossible to expresse They finde no people they name the haven Trine the Souldiers returning backe had bin through the Iland finds the fire naturall that the hils bottome produced and that there was a Spring which issued water like pitch and run into the Sea and that there dwelt a multitude of people of small stature hiding themselves in caves in the ground Zichmni taking liking to the soyle stayes there with such as were willing the rest he sent away in the ships wherein unwilling I was Captaine Anthonie sayles 20. dayes East without sight of any Land altering his course S. E. in 5. dayes he discovered Neome he knowing the Country had sailed past an Iland as he found he victuailed here the Iland being subiect to Zichmni And in 3. dayes he sailes to Friesland What followed after this Letter he knew not but by coniecture that Zich built a City and discovered on both sides of Engroneland and that he see it particularly described in the Sea carde but the narration is lost The beginning of his letter is thus COncerning these things that you desire to know of me as of their Manners and Customes of the Beasts and Countryes adioyning I haue made thereof a particular Booke which by Gods helpe I will bring with me wherein I have described the Country the monstrous Fishes the Lawes and Customes of Friesland Iseland Eastland the Kingdome of Norway Estotiland Dorgio an the end of the life of Mr. Nicolo with his discoverie and the state of Engroneland I have also written the Life and Acts of Zichmni a Prince as worthy of Immortall memory as any that ever lived for his great vigilancy and singular humanity Wherein I have described the discovery of Engroneland on both sides and the Citty he builded and further I hope to be with you very shortly to satisfie you by word of mouth All these Letters were written by Mr. Anthonie to Mr. Carlo his brother FOr the more credit and confirmation of the former History of Mr. Nichcolo and Mr. Anthonie which for some few respects may be called in question I have hereunto annexed the judgement of that Famous Cosmographer Abraham Ortelius or rather the yeilding or submitting of his judgment thereunto who in his Theatrum Ortis Fol. 6. next after the Mappe of Mar del Zur borroweth proofe and authority out of this Relation to shew that the N. E. part of America called Estotiland is in the Originall alwaies affirmed to be an Iland was about the yeere 1390. discovered by the foresaid Venetians and aboue 100. yeares before Columbus set sayle for these Westerne Regions and that the Northerne Seas were even then sailed by our Europian Pilates This writer acknowledging that Originall copies of the Zenijs Letters were by him careleslly torne in peeecâ— in his youth which losse he now grieued at I doubt in this he was enforced in many things to patch vp as his memorie would serve so as there may be some likelyhood of vntruths howsoever I doe beleeue the first Copies were true though this is subiect to mistakings To continue antiquity may be to some purpose seeing there may be some vse thereof by the painfull Seamen otherwise it may something satisfie the never satisfied Curious who enquire after the beginning of things and herein Mr. Hakeluits paines doth deserve great commendations who recordeth in his English Voyages That Madoc soone of Oween Guyneth Prince of North Wales left the Land in contention betweene his Brethren and prepared certaine ships with Men and Munition and sought adventures by Sea sailing West leaving the coast of
Boates then before and of the contents of 20. persons And they thinke that being 60. leag vp the soresaid straight they saw Land on Larboard To returne backe againe the same way out of this streight along the supposed backeside of the Continent of America at the Queenes Forland he espies a Gut to goe through in Frobrishers straights sends the Gabriell through who meetes againe in the streight so the Queenes Forland proved an Iland They anchor in the streight at a Land they named Hattons Head-land where they met 7. of their ships and staies for the rest The 26. they had a cruell storme of winde and snow which disperced their Fleete and were most cruelly weather-beaten The 2. of August all the Fleete arrived except 4. and harbours neeâ—e Mount Oxford The 6. day they got vp as high as Leicester point Then they hold a Consultation for inhabiting but doth not 1. ship they had lost then as they thought but she came home without doing any thing Therest searches for Mynes and findes one cals it Bests blessing after his owne name that found it but in bringing their ship thereto she grounded vpon a Rocke halfe dryed So as they were forced to vnderprop her with their mayne yard and thereby escaped the danger which they might otherwise have fallen into Now the Fleete being all laden and ready they furnish vp a little house with Bells Babies Pictures of men and women Glasses Whissles Pipes with an oven with baked bread left it to the Natives And vpon the last of August the whole Fleete was ready to depart but a cruell storme tooke them some at Sea some at anchor in Sounds The Busse was faine to seeke a new way to Sea through a Sound she rid in vpon the backside of Beare sound and got to Sea to the N. of Frobrishers Straights but the Generall came home in the Gabriell and could not get aboard his owne ship the Aide The Busse comming home found an Iland in 57d and a halfe sailed a long 3. dayes and saith it is a fruitfull Champion country and wooddy The Busse fell on the South of Freezeland the 8. of September they steered from thence S. E. and by S. untill the 12. when they discryed land 5. leagues off The S. W. part bore S. E. by E. the Northermost N N E. or N E. the Master accounted the S. E. point of Freezland was then from him N. W. by N. 50. leag he accounts this Iland to be 25. leagues long S. E. and N. W. the S. side is in 57. â— â— they had sight of it 28. houres they opened 2. harbours therein the Master did account himselfe 50 leagues S. E. by S. from Freezeland when he first discovered this land there dyed about 40. persons upon this voyage It is to be observed in these Voyages That these are but Histories and that they did not know whether they saw Asia and America or no as I am sure they did not nor know in what land they were yet for certaine they were at Meta Incognita otherwise Groneland I thinke they meant to have kept this golden Country to themselves for the courses distance latitude longitude variation and other marine observations herein is none only one Latitude of 63. 8. min. the entrance of Frobrishers Straights and Freezeland they have placed in 61. deg with this new Iland the Busse is in 37d. and a halfe Northerne Latitude There is Beares Hares Foxes and innumerable of Sea-Fowle where of his men kild in one day 15. hundred he found of Ginnie beanes in their tents of colour Red the Inhabitants are good markemen with their darts for the most part they will strike a Ducke in the eye but altogether in the head The first Voyage of Captaine Iohn Dâ—vis of Sandruge in Devonshire 1585. to the North-West HEe departed from Darmouth the 7. day of Iune with 2. Barques viz. the Sunshine of 50. tonnes 23. persons and the Mooneshine of 35. tonnes 17. persons he put into Falmouth the 8. and remained there untill the 13. he went by the West 14. He puts into Siâ—â—ey and had contrary windes untill the 28 in his course N. Westward he see many Whales and Porposes they kild a Darly-head or porkfish which eate as sweete as any Mutton The 19. they fall into a great whirling or brisling of a tyde setting to Northwards and they heard a mighty roaring of the Sea as if it had beene the breach of some Shore the weather was fogge and mist they lanch a boare to sound but findes no ground at 300. fathomes and found the roaring to be the Sea and Ice beating together The 20. they descryed land the most deformed that ever was seene it seemed like the forme of Suger loafes over-toâ—ping the Clouds and covered over with snow the shore belaid with Ice a league off he names this Land Desolation The 21. they perceived themselves imbaid very deepe and great store of Ice to the N. N. E. W and S. W. they cleared themselves by running S. S. W. along the shoare The Captaine attempts to land but could not for Ice they try for fish but could get none the water was black and thick like to a standing poole here were many Seales They see woods on land like to those on New found land they had great store of float-wood upon the Coast they tooke up one Tree 60. foote long and 14. hands about they bend their course to South with intent to double the Land The 23. they coast the land which did lye E. N. E and W S. W. The 24. they coast the Land lying E. and W. not able to come neere shore for Ice the weather something thicke and colde the allowance of victuall was encreased so as 5. men had every morning â— â— pound of bread and one can of beere to breakefast the weather like Aprill in England but when the winde blew from land or Ice it was colde but when it came of the Sea it was very hot They depart from this land sailes N. Westward above 4. dayes 29. they descry land in 64. 15. bearing N. E. the ayâ—e and sea cleare and temperate he stands with land espies many faire sounds and harbours and many Inlets into the land he Iudges this land to be a number of Ilands he anchors goes on land findes where the inhabitants had beene he findes also a Shooe pieces of Leather sowed with seames and peeces of furre and wooll like to Beaver The Country people come to him he causes his Musitians to play wherein they tooke great delight and fals a dauncing at night he comes a board they all depart The 30. in the morning came 30. Canoes by the Ship cals them to land and they both make protestation by clapping on their brests and pointing to the Sunne they become familiar they will sell their cloaths from their backs with the buskins hose and gloves made of Seale skins and bird skins the
are simple in all their conversation but very theevish in stealing of Iron of which they make great account They in the end began to shew their Nature in cutting of Cables their Boate from their sternâ— and their Cloathes where they laid to aire They also stole their Oares a Calliver a Boare speare a sword wherevpon they brake the Peace by shooting off a Musket and a Faulcon at which noise they all departed with great feare They returned againe within 10. houres to intreat peace which was immediately granted they brought Seale skinnes and Salmon-peale but seeing Iron they could not forbeare to steale they eate their meate raw drinke salt water and eate grasse and yee with delight Their weapons are for the most darts but some have Bowes and Arrowes and Slinges with their Nettes made of whale-fynne with which they doe artificially catch fish with They have warre with some other Nation or Inland people for many of them are wounded He had amongst them Copper Ore blacke Copper and red Copper thinking to search the habitation of this Country in his Piâ—â—ace he entred a large River and went on Land to discover but the high Mountaines hindred his prospect He gathers Muscles for his supper and tooke harbour for that night vnder the Rockes where he see a mighty whiâ—le wind taking vp the water in great 〈…〉 for the â—pace of 〈…〉 houres without any intermission To conclude he found this not to be firme Land but mighty Rivers and Sounds and Throughlets betweene vast and desert Ilands with passage betweene Sea and Sea he returnes to his ship In his absence the people had stolne an Anchor and with sliâ—gs had thrown stones into the ship of half a pound weight he seemed to the Inhabitants to take no notice of the injurie done him hee tills them on land gives them bracelets and other toyes and intices 7. or 8. on board some of them goes into the maine top After Sunset they begin againe to assault them with stones in slings into the Mooneshine and with one stone strucke the Boatswaine that he overthrew him The 11. they came to make a new truce the Ringleader of the mischiefe was one the truce made they take one prisoner who pointed to his fellowes to bring the things that were stolne and he should be enlarged unto them The wind within an houre came faire they brought the fellow away One of his consorts came and followed talking to him at length they tooke leave making great lamentation The prisoner spake 4. or 5. words to the other clapping his hands vpon his face the other doing the like they depart This prisoner in few dayes grew a pleasant Companion trimmed vp his darts and fishing tooles made Okum and would lay his hand vpon a Roape to haile his meate was first dry Caplin they had taken there in their Tents when it was done he eate poore John The 14. of this Moneth one man dyed the rest were in good Health The 17. in the Latit of 63. â— min. he fell with a huge Iland of Ice in one entire Masse So big as they could not draw the limits with Bay and Capes and like huge Cliffes as he tooke it to be Land at first And in this place he had stickle and strong Currents No other but what the Ice made being forced through the water by the windes and drawing so much water as they bee eyther on ground or neere Also as his motion doth trouble and alter the waters true course which causeth the Tides to edy being neere it as Ilands in the Sea standing in the Flood or Ebbes way will doe the like He Coasts to S. off this Ice vntill the 30. of Iuly and saith ti was such a Barre to his proceedings as all his hopes were banished The 24. all his Ropes were frozen By a grosse fogge his men begin to grow sicke and feeble and told him he ought in Conscience to regard the safetie of his owne life and preservation of others and not through his over-boldnesse to leave their Widdowes and Fatherlesse children to give him bitter curses leave these excuses and come home Davis come home besides the great Ship was too great and unweldy to discover withall besides her charge was 100. pound a moneth So with divers other excuses he sends her homewards and with the Moone-shine made shift to steere E S E. from the Ice to seeke the next Land The first of August he sees land in 66 33. Longitude from London 70. deg here he graues the Moonelight that had beene forth but 3. moneths in a very good roade he findes this land to be all Ilands with Sea on E on W on N. but a Muskâ—ta stung him grievously the people here sends him a Seale driving with the tide which they had boyd up with bladders The people trade with him for skins as the others did and are in all things a like but in pronunciation of language more plaine and not hollow in the throate Their Salvage kept him close and made signes to them to get him a Companion Here he left the Mermaid at Anchor the 12 day and sailes W above 50 leagues sees land in 66 19 this land is 70 leagues from the other he anchors by an Iland of Ice from clock 9 to 3 in the morning The 15. he departs this land to the South sailes untill the 18 and then he sees land N W a faire Promontory in 65 and no land to Southward heere he had great hope of a Passage He sayles still southwards and sees Land S W and by S. the 17. by observation he was in 64 20 m. he had sailed by Chaâ—t and precise account 15 leagues S by W yet upon observation he found it S W. so as he saith it was by a Westerne Current August 19. it fell snow and foule weather they lie at hâ—ll all Night within 5. leagues of land The 20. the weather breakes up they beare in with land and got into a harbour close for all weathers they goe on land and can discerâ—e it to be all Ilands they come away in the afternoone with a N. E. winde faire weather shapes their course to the South whereby they may discover the passage They coast the land untill the 28. finding it still to continue to the S. from 67. to 57. he sees marvailous store of Sea fowle as Guls and others he tries for fish in one glasse kills an 100 Codde although he was but badly provided he doubting the weather steps into harbor in 56. d. sailes 10. leag up a River 2 leagues broad very faire Woods on both sides stayes here untill the first of Sept. had 2. great stormes he went 6. miles on land The woods were Furre Pyne-apple Elder Ewe Withe and Birch hâ— sees a black Beare and here were store of land river fowle as Goose Ducks Black-birdes Iayes Thrush and of Partridge and Feasant he kils great store with Bowe
Westwards and sees the land of America in 62 deg 30 min. makes it to be Warwickes foreland it was high-land and covered with snow with other small Ilands there was great store of Ice upon the forelands Eastside but the sea was altogether cleare the land lay N by E. about 6 leagues in length 29 He was beaten to the Southwards by N. E. winds and finds Warwicks foreland to be an Iland hee discovers Lumleys Inlet a great Current setteth to the West the greatest hope of a passage this way the weather was fogge and snow he had a great whirling of a Current in latitude 61 deg 12 leagues from the Coast of America The 1 of Julie was fogge and snow the ayre very cold hee traverst to and againe in many overfals but by his course hee could not discerne which way the Current set but most like to the West he travers'd therein 16 or 17 dayes and could find no ground in 120 fathome 2 He discernes a maine banke of Ice in 60 deg faire weather he lancht his boate and loaded her twice therewith to dissolve to fresh-water hee sets into many overfals alongst this coast of America which coast here he conceives to be broken land 3 The S W. he stands in with the coast of America and meets with Ice 10 leagues off the water blacke and thick as puddle 8 He had beate it to the Northward and descries the land of America in 60 deg 53 min. being very high it bore S W. covered with snow he was 5 leagues off but could not come neare it for Ice 9 A storme began at N E. he cleares himselfe of the land and Ice by standing to Southwards the storme continued so that he stood to the Southwards in forecourse 17 From the 9 to the 17 he was in traverse and heere he heard a fearefull noyse of Ice he had thicke weather his roapes and sailes all frozen 18 The wind N E. extreame cold and frost the ayre very cleere his roapes were froze and it froze so extreamely that it was a maine barre to his proceedings and destruction to his men 19 He stood to Eastward with wind N E. and the same night his men conspired to beare up the helme and keep him in Cabbin they shew the reason for so doing in writing by good chance he understands thereof and prevents them The Reasons That although it were granted that we might winter betweene 60 and 70 degrees of latitude with safety of lives and vessels yet it will be May next before we can dismure them to lanch out into the Sea and therefore if the Merchants should have purpose to proceed on the discovery of the N. W. parts of America the next yeare you may be in the foresaid latitude from England by the first of May and so be furnished better with men and victuals to passe and proceed in the foresaid action Seeing then that you cannot assure us of a safe harbour to the Northward wee purpose to beare up the helme for England yet with this limitation that if in your wisedome you shall thinke good to make any discovery it seemeth there were some with him understood more then himselfe either in 60 or 57 degrees with this Northwest winde wee will yeeld our lives with your selfe to encounter any danger thus much wee thought needfull to signifie as a matter builded upon reason and not proceeding upon feare or cowardice Then being in latitude 68 and 55 min. there was no meanes to perswade them but they would beare up the helme whereupon he came out of his Cabbin to enquire who was the cause they answered one and all hoysing up sayles and directing the course South by West 22 Hee sent for the chiefest of the Mutineeres and punished them severely this day hee came by an Iland of Ice both ships launcht their boates to fetch some to make fresh-water this Iland crackt two or three times as though it had beene thunder-clappes and it brake in sunder to the great danger of his boates the one being halfe laden with Ice 25 It blew hard the course West by South with fogge and was in latitude 61 degrees and 40 minutes and findes an Inlet in this latitude 27 The South-south-East wind blew very hard with fog and raine his course West 30 The wind came in a shower to West North-west and blew hard and because the yeare was farre spent and many men sicke in both Ships he thought good to returne with great hope of this Inlet to be a passage of more probability then Davis his Straights because he found it not pestred with Ice and a straight of 40 leagues broad he saith he sayled 100 leagues West by South into the Inlet he saith also he found the variation to be 35 degrees Westward and the needle to decline or rather incline Observe 83 Degrees and a halfe the 5 of Julie he was cleere off the Inlet the 6 South-east wind and fogge the 7 8 and 9th hee passed by many great Ilands of Ice discovered an Iland upon the coast of America latitude 55 degrees 30 minutes 14 He stood off and on this coast from the 5 untill the 14 had some foule weather and made some Ilands he stands into an Inlet in 56 degrees and had good hope of a passage for divers probable reasons I finde nothing more of note but that upon the Coast of America betwixt 55 degrees 30 and 50 minutes he observed two variations the one of 17 deg 15 min. the other 18 degr 12 min. the coast was voyd of Ice unlesse some great Ilands drive from the North and that the ship had like to have perished for want of spare decks one whirlewind he saw upon this Coast take up the Sea into the Ayre extreamely that hee was entred 30 leagues within one Inlet latitude 56 degrees where if the wind had come Northerly South or East but one day he had perished 4 He had sight of the Iland of Silly the next day hee came into Dartmouth The generall Observation He set forth the 2 of May and returned homewards the 30 of Iuly his greatest latitude wee can be certaine of was 63 deg 53 min. and passing the Grand Meridian betwixt Orkney and Desolation hee had no variation his greatest was 35 degrees Westward hee neither discovered nor named any thing more then Davis nor had any sight of Groenland nor was not so farre North nor can I conceive hee hath added any thing more to this designe yet these two Davis and he did I conceive light Hudson into his Straights nor did he try in so long time being to and againe upon the Coast of America for Davis his fishing having such abundance of the largest and best fed Cod-fish that he saw his ships were never separated which shewed that they were not greatly distrest Master Iames Hall of Kingston upon Hull Pilot Major of three Ships set forth by the King of
his industry to the uttermost of his power 19 He againe discovers the Iland of America bearing N. and by W. about 15 leag off the variation 25 d. W. Latit 56 d. 48 m. this coast sheweth like broken Ilands and the Tyde of flood commeth from the North. 24 He had a violent storme Northerly and such a suâ—â—e of the Sea came in that his roapes broke that were fast on shoare his Rudder was driven from his sterne by the force of the mighty Ilands of Ice so that he was forct to hale close into the bottome of a cove to save his Cloathes furniture and viâ—tuals but before he had done the Ship was halfe full of water and he tooke little rest for that night which may very well be beleeved 25 The ship on ground he goeth about to set the water out of her and to stop so many of her leakes as he could come by and some went to building the shallop he caused his boate to be lanched over the Ice and sent his mate Edward Gorill with 3 more to seeke for a better place where to bring his ship on ground if it were possible to mend her againe They returned without any certainty by reason of the aboundance of Ice which choaked every place yet they found wood growing on the shoare Here Master Iohn Knight ended writing his Iournall with his life another proceedes as followeth 26 ON Thursday in the morning he caused some of his men to goe on board to save what things they could himselfe Edw. Gorrill his mate and 3 more of his company tooke the boate having with them 4 pistols 3 muskets 5 swords and a halfe pikes for to goe over to a great Iland not above a mile from the ship to see for Harbour to mend his ship in they tooke with them an Aequinoctiall Diall a paper to draw the land when they were passed over the Mr. his Brother and Mate with one more went on shore leaving â— in the Boate from 10 of the clocke in the morning untill 11 at night who heard no newes of them after they departed from the top of the hill then did the Trumpeter being one of them left in the Boate sound two or 3 times and the other did discharge his Musket two or 3 times more and so they came away to the W. side with the Boate where the ship was who were watching for their comming but when they see these two come and no more they marvelled where the rest were and when they were on land the others inquired for the Master and the rest but they could tell no newes of them after their departure from the boate but that they did see them goe on to the top of the Iland which report did strike all the men into great feare to thinke in what extremity they were because they wanted their Master 3 of their men their ship sunk and they nothing to trust too but their shallop which was at that time but ½ furnished This night lying on shoare in their Tent which was betwixt 2 Rockes they kept very good watch for feare of any peoples suddaine assault or if the Master and his company had travailed so farre as they could not come home againe that night if they should shoote a musket they might heare them but they came not at all 27 They consulted that 7 of them should goe over with the boat to try if they could see or learne any newes of their Master or of their men supposing that they were either surprised by the Salvages of the Country or else devoured by the wild beasts so they tooke with them 7 muskets swords and Targets and such provision as they had in the ship and went downe to the Sea side but they could not get over for Ice at length they returned with much adoe to come to shoare and went to the ship to save such things as they could get out of her 28 Faire weather they make cleare the ship and helpe to save and mend all things she lay upon the Rocks therefore they make her as light as they could for beating and bruising of her Hull that night it rained very sore and about clock 1. in the boat-swain and Stewards watch it being almost out the Steward goes on board the ship to pumpe leaving the boateswaine at watch some muskets shot from their Tent now while he was pumping there came over the Rockes a great sort of the Countrey people to the place where the boateswaine was at watch who when they saw him they shot arrowes at him running to him as fast as they could whereupon he discharged his musket at them and so fled backe to the Tent as fast as he could thinking they had beset it they were so many the Steward hearing the Musket goe off came forth of the Ship when he was comming saw the Salvages approaching their Shallop and cryed out to them in the Tent to save the boate and the Shallop who made what hast they could but when they came at their boat and see so many of the Salv. in the Shallop they were then afraid of being betraied at this time it rained sore yet calling their wits together they sent 2 of their men back to the tent the rest made towards the Salvages and shot at them some 3 or 4 muskets who when they perceived it they stood in the shallop and held up their hands to them calling one to another they thinking it were better to dye in their owne defence in pursuing the Salvages then they them for it was in the night and they were still in sight thus recovering their Shallop they sent more men to keepe the Tent the Salvages were but 8 men and a dog yet the rest followed but they were got into other boates before they over tooke them The Ice was so thick that they stucke fast in them they came so neere them as they could and shot a doozen shot at them before they could get cleare the shot caused them to cry out one to another very sore for their boates were full of men as far as they could iudge they are little people tawny coloured thick haired little or no beard flat nosed and are man-eaters 26 They carry all their provision aboard their Ship for feare of the Salvages second assault the ship lying betweene two Rocks and all without so full of Ice that they could not passe any way to sea no not with a boate this day 2 of our men watcht that we might have warning if any of them came againe with their boates the Carpenter made what hast he could with the shallop and did onely tinch but neither calkâ— nor pitcht her yet they brought her to the ship 30 They fall to worke with axes and pick-axes to cut the Ice for all about the Iland was nothing else and no place to ride free in that night it pleased God that they rowed her away with their oares but
Pricket to further question who in all his long declaration of this voyage hath not given Hudson any commendations no not in his good parts and yet hath taken paines enough otherwayes to make an ample expression and to call the roague Greene Henry Greene Well Pricket I am in great doubt of thy fidelity to Master Hudson The Voyage of Sir Thomas Button with two ships the Resolution the Admirall the Discovery Vice-admirall manured and victualled for 18. Moneths 1612. COncerning this voyage there cannot bee much expected from me seing that I have met with none of the Iournalls thereof It appeareth that they have beene concealed for what reasons I know not but it is sitting that such things should be made extant as may any way redound to the good of the Common-wealth and therefore I can but communicate what I have received from Abacuck Pricket and others by Relation who was in the same Voyage and from Sir Thout as Roe in the last part of a Iournall of this voyage He departed about the beginning of May and went by the West and entered the passage on the South of Resolution and sometime was fast amongst the Ice but at length he came to Diggs his Iland where hee staied 8. dayes and in that time set up a Pinnace he had brought from home with him in pieces and they set from thence to the Westward where hee discovered the Land he called Carys Swansnest From thence he proceeded to the Southward of the West falling with land in Latitude about 60. d. 40. with the named Hopes-check I thinke because that there his expectation was crossed and thereabout enduring a grievous storme was put to the Southward and constrained to looke for harbour the 13. of August to repaire some losses After which time came on the new Winter with much stormie weather as he was constrained to winter there in a small Rile or Creeke on the North side of a River in Lat. 57. d. 10. which River he named Port Nelson after the name of his Master whom he buried there putting his smal Ship in the foremost and Baracadoe both them with Piles of Firre and earth from storme of Snow Ice Raine Floods or what else might fall He wintered in his Ship and kept 3. sires all the Winter but lost many men and yet was supplied with great store of white Partridges and other Fowle of which I have heard it credibly reported that this company killed 1800. dozen in the Winter season The report of Captaine Hawbridge He entredinthe South Channell S'eing the South shore within Fretum Hudson neere Hopes advance twice or thrice and once trying the tide about Savvage Iles where it came from the South East flowed 3. fathoms At length he came in the South Channell betweene the I le Salisbury and the South maine sayling in between C. Wostenholme and Sir Drdley Diggs his Ile to the West end thereof where he saith is a banke of Owes to anchor upon at 13. fathom C. Wostenholme is to be brought within the West point of the I le which will then beare East by South Here the Salvages did offer to assault his men bound going to kill Willicks of which there is such store as in short time hee could have laded his Boat with two Canons and to the number of 70. or 80. men came upon them untill with one Musket shot he slew one of their men and hurt more who much amazed with the report and excecution of a Musket retired yet at his comming from thence he sending his Pinnace boat on land to take in fresh water the Salvages were laid in ambush amongst the Rocks and slew him 5. men dead one escaped by swimming It is much to bee doubted that the Salvages did slay those men in revenge for 4. of their great Canons he tooke off the Land from this people whereof he restored but two backe againe And here it was where the villaines Greene and Juct were slaine after they had exposed Master Hudson This is Sir Dudley Diggs his Ile and there is Deare within the same Hee passed from hence to a Cape on the N. side of his Bayes entrance which he named Carys Swans nest and from thence to his Hope 's checkt was troubled with shift of winds and should water took harbour the 15. of August in Port Nelson he endured a sharpe Winter lost many men kild 3. Deare in the River as they were swimming for side to side There came also to them divers Beares and Wolfes and it was the 16. of February before the River was froze over having had divers warme thawing dayes before the Captain having beene sick the whole Winter began to mend the 24. of Ianuary The Ice began not to cleare out of the River until the 21. of Aprill after which they killed daily with their Net abundance of Fish as bigge as Mackrils Now during this wintering it appeareth that Sir Thomas having good time to advise and contemplate what was to be done the nextyeere drew some Demands in writing which he caused it seemed the most understanding men of his Company to answer Of which such answers as came to my hands I doe hereby freely impart for thy better understanding Laus Deo 1612. December the 22. The course and distance from place to place from Cape Cleare to this River in New Walles Imprimis from Cape Cleere to Cape Desolation strait course by common Compasse North W. by W. ½ 428. leagues The Latitude of 59. d. 40. m. From Desolation to the I le of Resolution course is N. W. by W. the Latitude 61. d. the distance 170. Leagues From Resolution to Sir Dudley Diggs his Ile Lat. 62. d. 40. m. N. W. the distance is 142. Leagues From Sir Dudley Diggs his Ile to the Cheeks the course is W. ½ Northerly the distance 193. Leagues From the Cheeks to new Wales Lat. 57. the course is S. by W. the distance 90. Leagues The courses are all by the common Compas Your Worships and ever or mine owne never till death William Hawkeridge My answere to the first demaund under your favour I think it not amisse to search this River if God give strength to our Men before our departure from it to have the knowledge how farre it doth extend and that we may meet with some Inhabitants which may further our expectations but I cannot thinke of any profit to be made by it My answer to the 2. Demaund is to search to the Northward about this Westerne land untill if it be possible that we may finde the Flood comming from the Westward and to bend our courses against that flood following the ebbe searching that way for the passage For this flood which we have had from the Eastward I cannot be perswaded but that they are the veynes of some head-land to the Northwards of the Cheeks and by the Inlets of Rivers which let the floods
this was in 62. d. 57. m. Latitude the wind comming to the East S. E. and E. by S. be stands to the N. wards desirous to keepe that Land still in sight or at least to get the shoalding thereof at Clock 2. the wind encreased to the taking in of both top Sayles about 6. it turned about to E. N. E. and to N. E. by E. he tacks about to the Southwards having run N. wards 4 Leagues N. by E. about 8. it blew to both Bonnets off and hee stood with two courses making way untill Midnight S. and by E. 2. Leagues and other 2. Leagues untill 4. S. and by E. 10. This morning he lay to Hull the weather extreame and hazie and so thick that he could not see a pistalshot from him in this time hee drew 2. Leagues S. S. E. and this is to be noted that he had 3. stormes in 4. dayes and for 17. or 18. dayes last past he had not had past 6. hoâ—â—es cleere at any time nor beene 20. houres without a stiffe blowne cold and English storme After 3. this aftenoone it sell flat calme hee sets both his Sayles and stood to the N. untill Evening 6. the wind about N. E. at 6. seeing the wind would not permit him to seize in that N shoare he stood to the Southward the weather thick and exceeding uncomfortable his way was I. League N. N. W. S. W. by W. 2. Leagues and one League S. S. E. 2. From Midnight a League S. S. E. the weather thick and foggie the Wind Easterly From this day noone untill Midnight E. by S. 4. Leagues and 2. Leagues N. and by E. the wind hanging still to the Northwards and hazie weather his depth betweene 70. and 75. Fadome hee coveted still to hold sight of the N. shoare but it pleased not God it should be so Therefore with patience he stood away as neere as he could but â—y his standing Northwards his water still shoalded so as 〈…〉 the Lâ—â—d still winded to the Eastward 3. From Middight untill Noone 7. Leagues N. E. from thence 4. Leagues E. by S. till Midnight 4. From Midnight untill 5. this morning N. and by E. â— Leagues from thence he stood E. S. E. foggie weather with some cleeres From noone untill 10. at night 6. leagues E. N. E. his depth shoalding from 65. to 40. sathom the weather thick and bad he stood 2. leagues West by North. At 2. this morning hee stands 2. leagues N. E. and untill noone 7. leagues S S. W. and past 4. this morning he sees land about 2. leagues off beating from E. to S. He writeth that the sight of it grieved him much so that now he made himselfe assured of that which he did but doubt before which was that they joyne to the Easterne part of the Bay from whence he came but I doe otherwise beleeve All the afternoone he stood a long the shore edging into 7. fathom and crosse a Race which set N. E. and S. W. and continued about halfe a Glasse At 4. a clock the N. W. point of the land did beare from him N. W. by N. about a mile of then steering within lesse then one mile of this Cape-land for so it was and a faire one of a low one as ever hee saw you shall have 9. and 10. fathom and shall open a very safe Bay the Easterne land whereof will beare from you E. by N. 4. leagues off In this Bay he handed all his sayles thinking to have ridde and watered but his anchor being downe and his Boat almost out one of his Masters Mates said he descried land from the top Mast head S. and by E. the newes whereof made him wonder for that they all knew this was the land they had seene the last yeere which they too kt to be an Iland He sent up Captaine Ingram who assured him it was land whereupon he hoysed up his anchor and set sayle and stood S. and by E. and S. and came into 30. fathom so missing this land hee anchored night at hand in 30 fathom At 2 this morning he weighed to better his deepe and to goe neere the land he thought he had seene in 2. Glasses hee lessed his deepe 3. fathom so steering S. S. E. he came to 46. and 56. fathom in 2. Glasses About 5. in the morning the wind came about to the N. by E. he stands E. close upon a wind and came to 125. at noone without sight of land whereby hee was assured that it was the imagined last yeeres Iland From yesterday noone untill this noone 14. leagues S. E. by E. and 6. leagues E N. E. the weather somewhat cleare but not fit to make observation after noone the Gale hards on he strooke his lofty sayles the Sea somewhat growne the day cleerest and fairest of 16. or 17. dayes before From noone this day until midnight E. N. E. 8. leag this night 11. the weather grew bad and hee saith the Sea beat of his Beaks head at which time he took in sayles and came to Hull From midnight before untill this day noone hee drive on Hull 3. leagues S. S. E the weather foggie raine and wind but somewhat lesse At 2. in the morning the storme being broke up and Sea downe he set sayles and had driven since noone before S. S. E. 4 leagues the winde betwixt N. N. E. and N. E. At 8. this morning he had 50. fathom the thick was cleered and he see land to beare on him East From 2. this morning the time of his setting of sayle hee made N. E. by N. Northerly 7. leagues the morning was foggie but the day proved faire At noone they had a good observation and all that did observe agreed in one and to be in 61. d. 38. m. Latitude hee made way to the shore E. by N. Northerly 2. leagues and came to an anchor at clock 2. in 17. fathom the land bearing from N. E. by N. to E. S. E. After 3. this afternoone the winde comming to the E. N. E. he set sayle and stood to the Northward and about 5. this evening coasting along the shore the Northland seemed like small Ilands and broken lands the sight whereof made him desirous to put in amongst them but the winde would not permit at clock 5. the weather thickned and the land bore from N. E. Easterly to S. E. from him 4. leagues This land was a very low and a smooth land from hence he stood off to the Westward till midnight his depth from 14. to 95. fathom his course W. N. W. Northerly 7. leagues At Midnight having the same depth the wind was at noone N. northerly he stood about to eastward 10. Leagues E. N. E. Somewhat before noone this day it cleered and in 12. Fadome hee saw the Land 2. Miles off and upon the same hee saw 5. white Beares so standing of the coller of his main stay broke which caused him to
well say one degree more on land to the Northward hee then saw good reason for it At 8. this night the weather being a little cleere with ebbe he wayed and plied to windward to get about the N. W. end of the Iland and being about the West point the ebbe being dâ—ne he saw another point open upon him that bore N. the winde at N. W. in 33. fathoms the weather thick and bad he anchored where in lesse than one houre the tyde of flood came most strong as before from N. W. and by N. whereby he concluded having brought the Northerne point N. from him thaâ— it was the true Channell tyde for had it beene otherwise it would have come as the land lay which was N. but now being open of the land and finding it to come from the N. W. and by N. he faith in his judgement that course and N. N. W. must direct whomsoever shall seeke this passage hereafter And the rather to continue himselfe in this opinion he now to late found that those that were this way first himselfe the last yeere were all of them deceived of the set of the tyde within Sir Dudley Diggs his Iland for there they found it come more Westerly which was caused by many broken Ilands that lye to the Westward of it which he never sawe untill his returne homewards And upon this tyde if I can judge saith he we cannot be deceived for this caveat he doth give to whomsoever shall succeed him in this discovery That whensoever he loseth his strong tyde or finds ground in 200. fathoms let himselfe he is out of his direct course for finding of this Voyage So this his experience upon his unhappy counter-course taught him that whensoever it is to be found it must bee in deepe water and in a strong tyde and in this course that he took he hopes it will not be imputed an errour of his for what he did in the directing of it for it was to follow the letter of his instructions For albeit he was precisely tyed to stand with Hudsons Westerland in 58. d. yet he never came much to Leeward of 61. d. till he was encountered with land 200. leagues Westward from Sir Dudley Diggs his Iland How much in effect I received in a Manuscript from Sir Thomas Roe besides divers others towards the furtherance of my Voyage But further from Abacuk Pricket who saith they came not through the maine Channell of Fretum Hudson nor thorow Lumleys Inlet but that he came through into the Mare Hyperborum betwixt those Ilands first discovered and named Chidleys Cape by Captaine Davis and the North part of America called by the Spaniards who never saw the same Cape Labradorr but it is meet by the N. E. point of America where there was contention amongst them some maintaining against others that them Ilands were the Resolution which Josias Hubbart withstood untill he stood himselfe into the danger of displeasure but at length it proved a new streight and a very straight indâ—ed to come through which resolved all doubts but hereupon all their plots and Iournalls This part which came unto my hands I have writ thinking there may be some that will protract the same he met no Ice in his home comming untill he came into Fretum Hudson and but little there Iournals more taken from them and therefore who doth desire any further satisfaction from this Voyage must seeke it from Sir Thomas Button onely Pricket saith that they were at home in 16. dayes Concerning the Voyage of Captaine Gibbons with a Ship called the Discovery vitled for 12. Monethes in the yeare 1614. LIttle is to be writ to any purpose for that hee was put by the mouth of Fretum Hudson 28 with the Ice driven into a Bay called by his Company Gibbons his hole in Latitude about 57. upon the N. E. part oâ— Stinenia where hee laid 10. weekes fast amongst the Ice iâ— danger to have beene spoyled or never to have got away so as the time being lost hee was inforced to returne The Voyage of Robert Bilot yet forth by Sir Dadley Diggs Mr. Iohn Wolstenholm Alde man Iones 16. 15. in the discovery of 55. tunnes burthen Written by William Baffine THis Robert Bylot had beene in this ship all tâ—â— 3. voyages before viz. Hudson as you finde by Pricket Sir Thomas Button and Gibbons and therefore was a man well experienct that way his company consisted of 16. men and 2. boyes he anchored in Lee read the 18. Aprill 6 Vpon this day he had sight of Groenland on the East side of Cape Farewell that night he had a great storme but hee kept southerly to get cleare of the Ice that lay on shore Hee kept his course untill the 17. day seeing many great Ilands of Ice some doth affirme that there is not above one 7. part of the Ice above water saith Baffine hee observed one peece to be 140. Fathome above water this day hee came to the firme Land of Ice as hee supposed being in 61. 16. the Latitude of the S. part the I le Resolution then hee asked opinion concerning putting in amongst the Ice saying the Sea was on the N. side of the South channell and much Ice hee must passe and if he could get but 2. or 3. Leagues within the Ice it would open every Tyde and so hee should get something on his way having all the channell to the S. on him and with this resolution he put in W. E. N. E. wind this first entrance Baffine liked not well finding scarce a place to put the Ships-head into being 30. Leagues from any Land towards evening they were fast amongst the Ice 22. Sometimes ere day the Ice would something open and so made what way hee could to the N. W. in for the shore untill this day the wind all South yet hee could see plainely so that he seekt to the Southward doe what he could This day the wind came up at N. N. W. and hee determined to stand forth againe for if the wind had come'd at N. E. it had beeene impossible for him to have fetcht any part of the channell againe for he thought he drave fast to the southward with South wind yet he had not seene the Land 23. Hee was also determined to spend 20. or 24 dayes in Fretum Davis to see what hopes would bee that wayes supposing there would be little good done in Hudsons straights for the time limited hee plyed to get to Sea-ward and at Clock 8. in the night hee was cleared from the Ice hee then changed his opinion and stood to the N. all hee could as the Ice would give him leave câ—mming 30. Leagues to N. E. by N. in Latitude 61. d. 50. m. at Clocke 6. the wind came N. N. E. 26. This day was faire and coole but the after noone was close and hazie hee tooke in his sayles and held untill
morning 4. all this day he past by many beds of Ice having great quantity to the N. of him and having run about 21. Leagues upon a true W. course 27. This 27. was close foggie weather with much snow freezing his shroude and tackling but at Clock 4. it cleared and he saw Land it being the I le Resolution bearing W. about 13. or 14. Leagues off he stands to to fro as Ice would suffer him when night came with W. wind he made fast to a peece of Ice 28. Faire weather all this day hee being fast to a peece of Ice with W. wind and hee could well perceive that hee â—et faster into the straights with the flood then the ebbe could take him back againe 29. This day the weather was faire and wind variable hee sets sayle and tacks to and fro along the Iland the nâ—xt morning 2. the wind came to S. S E. but he was so postured with Ice that with faire wind he could doe little good the wind continued a stiffe gaile all day and night for it was not darke and so was set within the point of the Iland so as now hee was within the straights This day was faire weather the wind N. W. hee saw Buttons Iles beare S. by compasse but S. S. E. with variation allowed which was 24. degrees some snow in the morning but very faire the afternoone the wind at W. N. W. hee perceiving the Ice to open close to the shore made way to get into anchor and by Clock 7. he was in good harbour on the W. side of Resolution where an E. S. E. Moone makes a full Sea or halke an hower past 7. On the change day the water doth rise and fall neere 4. Fathome the compasse doth vary 24. d. 6. m. and his Longitude from London 66. d. 35. m. the breadth of the S. channell is 16. Leagues and the breadth of the N. or Lumleys Julet is 8. Miles wide in the narrowest place He found here no signe of inhabitants but the tracte of Beares and Foxes Rocks and stony ground hardly any thing growing thereon it is indifferent high Land to the N. having one hill or summoke to the N. E. but to the South it falleth away very low This morning the wind came to the E. S. E. with much snow and foule weather at noone he wayed anchor and stood about by the Iland side as well as the Ice would give him leave to get to the N. shore with much variable wind and weather but stood fast in continuance amongst Ice untill the 8. day the wind fell contrary and being somewhat neere a point of a Land or rather a company of Ilands which hee called Savage Ilands having a great Sound or Indrust betweene the N. shore and them at Clock 6. hee came to Anchor neere one of them being the E. most save one but whiles he was forling this saile hee heard and saw a great company of Dogs howling and barking that it seeming very strange after he had mored his Ship hee sent his boare neare shore to see if they could discerne any people who returned said there were Tents and Canons and Doggs but for people they saw none this writer being fitted after Prayers and supper went on Land to their Tents with 7. others where finding no people they marched up to the top of a hill being about a flight shot where they saw a great Canon which had about 14. men therein being on the N. W. part of the Iland and about a Musket shot from them so called to them in Groenlandish speech making signes of friendship they did the like to them but being fearefull and he not trusting them also made signes of a knife and other trifles which he left upon the top of a hill and returned to these Tents againe where he found to the number of 30. or 40. Whale finnes with a few Seale skins which hee tooke with him leaving for them knifes beades and counters hee found a little Bay where were the Images of men and one the Image of a woman with a child at her back which he brought with him Amongst these Tents being 5. in number all covered with Seales skins were running 35. or 40. Dogs the most of them muzled there were of a Mungrills Mastiffe being of a brinded black colour looking almost like Wolves those Dogs they use in stead of Horses or as the Laplanders doe their Deere to draw their Steedes which are shot or lyned with bones of great fishes to keepe them from wearing their Dogs have collers and furniture very fitting Their apparell Boates and Tents with other necessaries are much like to those of Greneland but not so neate and artificiall they seeme to bee more rude and uncivill travelling up and downe as their fishing is in season for in most places where they were on Land they see where people had beene but where their habitation or winter aboad is they know not nor cannot conjecture This Iland lyeth in 62. degrees 32. minutes and in longitude West from London 72. degrees or neere there about being 60. Leagues from the entrance of the straights the compasse doth vary 27. degrees 30. minutes and South East Moone 4. degrees East maketh full Sea it floweth almost as much water as at Resolution the Tyde commeth from the Eastwards This day morning 6. he set sayle with North winde which continued not but was variable till noone it came to North West hee having sayled along the shore some 7½ leagues North North West the Ice lying so thick in the Offing that he could not well get out of it He perceived a good Harbor betweene two small Ilands and the maine and went in wherre he moord and stayd untill the twelfe day in the evening In this place a South East Moone make a full Sea Latitude 62. degrees 40. m. the tyde doth come from South East every point hath his set and eddy in this place hee could perceive of no people Lying still in the Ice the weather close and hazy as it had beene for 6. dayes being neere a great company of Ilands the winde West North West he stood in amongst them and at evening morne to one of them in a small Cove the better to defend her from the Ice here hee stood all the 17. day the 18. being almost calme he set sayle the better to get forth Here was a great company of Ilands each whereof hath his severall sets and eddyes which drive the Ice to and againe with such violence that hee was in greater danger here then if he had beene further off the Latitude of this I le he lay at was 63. d. 26. m. longitude neere 72. d. 15. m. from London Variation 27. d. 46. m. ½ past 9. the change day maketh full Sea this evening and morning he had a false gale at South East and he stood along by the land it being all
small broken Ilands to a point about 12. leagues distance from the I le he set from it being all broken land so calls it broken point This day 12. he was about 4. miles from the foresaid point fast amongst Ice and he saith he might well have called this Fairenes or Faire Point for from this day to the 30. the weather was so faire and almost altogether so calme that in few places else where fairer weather could not be and untill the 27. hee was so fast inclosed amongst the Ice that one could not dip water by the Ship sides Vpon the 29. day he see the Sunne and Moone both at one time as indeed in faire weather is usuall in those parts Being faire and calme the Sea almost as steady as on shore with his Instruments for Variation hee went to worke to take the time of the Moones comming to the Meridian and had a Quadrant of 6. foote Semidiamiter ready to take Sols Almicanter having taken the Variation of his Needle as properly as he could which was 28. d. 10. m. The Sunnes Almicanter at the instant when the Moone was upon the Meridian was 26. d. 40. m. the Sunnes declination 23. d 6. m. by which 3. things given he found the houre to be 5. a clock 4. m. 54 secon â…“ 4 4 or 67. d. 13. m. 16. s of the Equinoctiall after noone and according to Scarls Ephemerides the Moone came to the Meridian at London at 4. a clock 54. m. 30 s and after Origanus the Moone came to the Meridian at 4. a clock 52. m. 5. s at Wittenberg the same day now having this knowne it is no hard matter to know the Longitude of this place sought for according to the Moones meane motion which is 12. d. a day it is in time 48 m. and to this account if shee bee on the Meridian at 12. of clocke this day tomorrow it will be 48. m. past 12. so hee having the time found by observation at this place viz. 5. houres 4. m. 52. s â…“ 4 4. but in this he needeth not come 50. precise and at London at 4. houres 54. m. 30. s which substracted from the former leaveth 10. m. 22 s â…“ 4 4. Now the Moones motion that 24. houres was 22 d. 38. m. which converted into time is 50. m. 25. s 20. th then the protion standeth thus if 50. m. 25. s 20. th give 360. d. what shall 10. m. 22. s â…“ 4 4. give the propotionals welbes 74. d. South which is West of London because the Moone came later by 10. m. 22. s and by the working of Origanus his Ephemerides the distance is 91. d. 35. m. West of West but whether be the truer hee leaves it to others to judge for if those workings bee not carefully looked unto there may be great errour committed as in the observation and in the Moones comming to the Meridian to the place for which the Ephemerider was Calulated for and it may be in the Ephemerides themselves in all which the best and most judicious may erre The 6. of Aprill another outward bound at Sea by the Moones comming in a right line with two fixed Starres the one was the Lions heart a Starre of the first magnitude the other in the Lions Rumps of second magnitude as followeth The Circumference or outward eye of the Moones being in a right or straight line with those two Starres before named at the instance he tooke the Altitude of the South ballance 2. d. 38. m. because he would save the time but in this it is good to waite a fit time as to gave her in a right line with 2. Starres not farre distant and those not to be much difference in longitude because the Moone will soone alter the auyle or potion and such a time would bee taken when the wood is in the 19. of the Ecliptique above the Horizon for then there is no parallel of Longitude but onely in Latitude but who is painefull in these businesses shall soone see what is needfull and what is not his observations were as followeth Lions Heart  degr min. secon Right Ascention 46. 28. 30. Declination 13. 20. 45. Longitude 24. 27. 45. Latitude 00. 26. 30. Almicanter 33. 40. 00. Lions Rumpe Right Ascention 63. 23. 00. Declination 22. 38. 00. Longitude 05. 53. 45. Latitude 14. 20. 00. the Moons Paralax Paralax 00. 47. 46. Latitude 03. 20. 00. Almicanter 37. 00. 00. Latitude of the 56. 43. 00. This note hee saith is set downe for any that can and are disposed to spend their time therein themselves having spent some and would have spent more if leasure had served but finding it not to his minde he hath set downe the particular worke as he received it from me Rudstone 28 Lying here enclosed now among the Ice with faire and calme weather as before is said untill the 27. day at evening he set sayle the winde South East an easie gale all the 28. and 29. he made way through the Ice but the 29. it was more open thâ—n before in 10. dayes at noone Salisbury sie bare West from him This day was close foggie weather with much raine the winde S. S. E. at noone he was 3. leagues from the land but had much Ice by the shore He stood to the N. and the next morning hee was faine by another small Iland or rather a company of Ilands which he afterwards called Mill Iland by reason of grinding the Ice as he had proofe the Lat. is 64. driving here to and fro untill clock 7. the Ice began to open and separate hee had not past along the I le by the East side thereof but the Ice came driving with the flood-tyde from S. E. with such swiftnes that it overwent his Ship having all sayles abroad with a reasonable gale of winde and put him out of the streame into the eddy of the I le This Iland or Iles lying in the middle of the Channell having many sounds running through them with many points or Head-lands encountering the face of the Tyde causeth such a rebound of the Ice and water which ran one way and the Ship another the Ship having met with Ice with the first or the flood put him neere the shore that hee was in the partition betweene the Ice which the edge caused to runne one way and the streame another where shee endured great distresse Thus hee continued untill towards high water which about one a Clock then with no small trouble hee got into the Channell and stood to the North West ward after hee had past some distance from this I le hee found the Sea more open then it was since he put into the straights and sayled all the next day with a South wind thorow an indifferent cleare Sea at Clock 8. in the morning hee was come againe into much Ice and this Ice was thicker and bigger then any he had before where he began to be enclos'd
little wind hee stood to the N. ward the winde having been contrary the most part of the moneth bu it was strange to see the Ice so much consumed in so little space for now hee could come to the 3. Ilands formerly named and stand off to the Westward almost 20. Leagues without let of Ice untill hee came to 74. 30. m. Latitude then hee put amongst scattered Ice plying all this moneth every day gazing some what nothing worthy of Note hoping that hee might see many of those fishes with long hornes which they cal Sea Vnicornes the weather variable few dayes without snow and freezing but Midsommer day his sayles tackling were frozen that they could not and them yet the cold is not so extreame but that it may bee well endured hee being still within sight of Land Hee came into an open Sea in 75. 40. Latitude which newly received his hope of a passage and because the wind was contrary he stood 20. Leagues of the shore and then he stood in againe and anchored to try the Tyde but found small comfort shortly after the wind came to South East and blew very hard with thicke and foggy weather he set â—ayle and runne along the shoare the second day and the next day hee came by a fayre Cape hee named Sir Dudley Diggs his Cape in Latitude 76. 35. It hath a small Island close adjoyning to it the wind still increasing he past by a goodly sound 12 leagues distant from the former Cape having a small Island in the middle making 2 currents under this Island he Anchored 2 houres the Ship drove although he had two Anchors on ground Whereupon he was forced to weigh and stand forth he called this sound Wolftenholmes Sound It hath many Inlets or smaller sounds and is a fit place for killing of Whales This morning a storme began at West that blew away his fore-course continuing so that he was not able to beare any sayle but lay to Hull and when it cleared up he found himselfe imbayed in a great Sound then he set sayle and stood over to the S. W. side and Anchored in a Bay where he lost both Cable and Anchor the winde blowing so extreamely from the hill tops that he could get no place to Anchor in but was forced to stand too and againe in the sound the bottome being all freze over in the afternoone it was lesse wind and hee set forth In this sound was great number of Whales hee called it Whale-sound in latitude 77. 30. this day was faire weather and he kept along by the land untill he came unto a great banke of yce which was backt with land which hee seeing determined to stand backe againe some 8. leagues to an Island he called Hauclites I le It lyeth betweene two great sounds the one Whale-sound and the other Sir Tho. Smiths sound this last runneth to the N. of 78. and is admirable in one respect because in it is the greatest of variation of the Compasse of any part of the knowne World For by divers good observations hee found it to bee above 5. points or 56. varied to the N. ward this Sound seemeth to bee good for killing of Whales it being the greatest and largest in all the Bay the cause why he minded to stand to this Island was to seeke for Whale-Finnes this night he Anchored with foule weather that his Boate could not land the next day the Wind more outward 9. the Sea growne so that he wayed spending two dayes before he could get a good place to Anchor in This day it cleared up and he spyed a company of Islands lying 12 or 13 leagues off from shoare he minded to go to them but the Wind tooke him short and hee being loath to spenâ— more time tooke the opportunity thereof and left the search of those slles which he called Caryes Isles Then he stood to the W. ward with open Sea a stiffe gale of wind untill this day when it fell calme and foggy he being neere the entrance of a faire Sound which hee called Alderman Iones his sound This afternoone it being cleare and faire weather he sent his Boate on land the ship being under sayle but the wind beginning to blow they returned saying they saw many Sea Mors by the shoare amongst the yce but no signe of people so farre as they were nor any good place to Anchoâ— in then having the wind E. N. E. hee run along the shore it beginning now to trent to the South and shewing it selfe to bee a Baye This day he was open of another great Sound he called Sir Iames Lancasters Sound here his hope of passage began to lessen every day more then other for from this sound to the Southward he had a ledge of Ice betweene the shoare and him but the Sea was cleere to the S. of it hee kept close to this Ice vntill this day and then hee was in 71. deg 16. min. and plainely perceiued the land to 70. deg 30. min. then hauing much lâ—t about him hee stood to the E. ward supposing to haue beene soone cleere and to haue kept on that side the Ice vntill he had come into 70. deg and then to haue stood in againe but iâ— prooued quite contrary to his expectation for hee was forced to runne aboue 60. leagues through Ice and many times fast that hee could goe no way although so hee kept his course duâ— E. and when hee had gotten into the open Sea hee kept so neere the Ice that many times hee had much to doe to get cleere yet could not get neere the land vntill hee came to 68. when hee see the shoare but could not come to it by 7. or 8 leagues for the great aboundance of Ice and this was on the 24. day of Iuly then hee spent 3. dayes to see if hee could anchor to trie the Tide but the Ice led him into 65. 40. min. latwhere hee left the west shore because that then hee was in the Indraâ—â— of Cimberland Inlet hee knew no certainties noâ— hope of passage could bee there Now seeing that hee had made an end of his discouery and the yeere being too farre spent to goe for the bottome of the Bay to search for drift Finnes hee determined to goe for the Coast of Groenland to see for refreshing for his men Mr. Hubart and two more hauing kept their Cabbins 8. dayes besides his Cooke which dyed the day before and diuers of his company so weake that they could not labour so the winde fauouring hee came to anchor in 65. deg 45. min. in a place called Cawkin Soâ—nd The next day vpon an Island wee found great store of Scurnie-grasse with Sâ—rrill and Orpen the Scurnie-grasse hee boyled in Beere by meanes whereof with Gods blessing his men were in perfect health in 8. dayes and so continued vntill his Ariuall in England Heere hee rode 3. dayes before any of the people came to
him this day came 6. in Canooes they brought Salmon â—eale and such like which was good refreshing for his men the next day following the same 6. came againe but they saw them no more vntill the 6. day when hee had weighed anchor and was almost cleere of the harbour the same 6. and noe more came and brought of the like commoditie for which they gaue them Glasses Beades Counters and small pieces of Iron which they doe esteeme as wee Christians doe Gold or Siluer In this Sound was such Skulls of Salmon swimming too and fro that it was much to bee admired heere it floweth aboue 18. foote water It floweth on the change till seauen a clock It is a very good Harbour and easie to be kâ—owne having three high round hills like Piramidies close adjoyning to the mouth thereof and that in the midst is the lowest All this coast along is full of good Harbours by reason of so manie Ilands that lie from the Mayne By 3. this day hee was cleere of this place hauing a N. N. W winde faire weather So God sent him a speedy passeage for in 19. dayes after hee saw the the coast of England The 30. hâ— anchored in Douer Roade ¶ A briefe Discourse of the Probabilitie of a Passage to the Westerne or South Sea with Testimonies by mee Henry Briggs I Thought good to adde somewhat to this Relation of Mr. Baffyn that learned vnlearned Marriner and Mathematitian whose wanting Art of words so really jmployed himselfe in that jndustrious worke whereof heere you see so euident proofe This Mappe and Table would much haue jllustrated this Voyage jf trouble cost and his owne dispaire of passage that way had not made vs willing to content our selues with what followed of that leâ—aned and in this Argument three times thrice jndustrious Mathematitian Master Henry Briggs famous for his reading in both Vniuersities and this honourable Citie that I make a further Voyage of Discouery to find and follow the remote Passage and extent of his name Mr. Baffyn told mee that the Tide from the N. W. about Diggs his Island was mis-reported by mistaking the houre 8. for 11. and that hee would if hee might get imployment search the Passage from Iapon by the coast of Asia or qua data porta which way hee could But in the Indies hee died in the late Armouse businesse slaine in fight with a shot as hee was 24. trying bis Mathematticall conclusions for the discouerie of Sr. Thomas Button I haue sollicited for his notes and receiued of him gentle entertainement and kind promises being they forced me to stay in the City about necessarie vr Affaires hee would at his returne seeke and impart them since I heare that weighty occasions haue deteined him out of England and I cannot deliuer that I could not receiue which if I doe I purpose to giue them out of due place rather then noâ— at all once hee was very confident in conferrence with me oâ— a Passage that way and said that hee had therein satisfied hiâ— Maiestie who from his discourse in priuate suffered the necessitie thereof And the mayne Argument was there too so â—â— the Tyde for wintering in Port Nelson hee found the Tid rising euery 12. houres 15. soote Within the bottome of Hu 〈…〉 sons Bay it was but 2. Foote And in the bottome of Fretâ— Davies discouered by Baffyn but one yea and a West winâ— equalled the neepe Tydes to this Spring arguing the Neighbourhood of the Sea which is on the West-side of Amenia the Summer following hee found about the lat of 60. a strong Race of a Tyde running sometimes East-ward sometimes W. ward Whereupon Iosias Hubbart in his Plot called that place Hubbarts Hope now if any make scruple why this discouery was not persued by Sir Thomas Button let him consider that being Prince Henries Seruant and partly by him imployed whom I thinke named the Countrey New Wales The vntimely death of that Prince put all out of ioynt nor was hee so open that others should haue the glory of his discouery If any man thinke that the Passage is so farre as the Mappes vse to expresse Ammerica running into the West it is easily answered that either of negligence or ouer-busie dilligeate Mappes by Portugalls in the East and Spantards in the West haue beene so cleerely proiected heere That fabulous streight of Anian as before by Frances Gaules testimony and Nauigation is euident and hence the Portugalls to bring in the Moluceas to the Moietie of the World agreed vpon betweene the Spaniards and them are thought to haue much curtailed Asia and the longitude of those Islands giuing fewer degrees to them then in iust longitude is due so the older Mappes of America make the land from Magdalene Sireights to the South Seaâ— running North-west when they are rather contracted some-what Easterlie from the North and the like is iustly reported of their placing Periuvera and I know not nor they neither what Countries they make in America to run so farre to the N. W. ward which Sir Francis Drake his Voyage in that Sea his Nova Albion being little further North-ward then Aguatulie plainely conuinceth to bee otherwise yea the late Mappe of Culifirma found to bee an Island the Saluage discourses of all the Countries North-ward and West-ward from Virginia the Fame whereof filled my friend Mr. Dormer with so much confidence that hearing of strange Shipps that came thither for a kind of Vre or Earth the men vsing Forks in their Diet with Caldrons to dresse their Meate and things nothing suitable to any parts of America hee supposed them to come from the East neere China and Iapon and therefore hee made a Voyage purposely to discouer but crossed with diuers disasters hee returned to Virginia frustrate of attempting that yeere but fuller of confidence as in a Letter from Virginia hee signified to me where death ended his designe soone after but how often are the vsuall Charts reiected by experience in those Nauigations in the workes recorded Painters and Poets are not alwayes the best Oracles For further proofe of a passage about these parts into the W. or S. Sea as it is called from the first discouerie thereof to the South from the parts of new Spaine whence it was first described by the Spaniards there is mention of a Portugall taken in a Carracke in Queene Elizabeths dayes of Famous Memorie confirming this opinion Sir Martin Frobisher also from a Portugall in Ginney receiued Intelligence of such a Passage hee saying hee had past it the Pilots of Lisborne are said generally to acknowledge such a thing And the Admirall â— D'Garsia Ieaffrey Loaisâ— of Citie Royall in the time of Charles the Fifth is reported by the Coast of Baccalos and Labradore to haue gone to the Mollâ—â—aâ— Yascâ— Decorâ—nado writ to the Emperour that at Sâ—bola hee was 150. leagues from the South Sea and a little more from the North Anthonio
de Horera the Kings Coronista Maior maketh with vs also in the distance described but to produce some Authority more full I haue heere presented Thomas Cowles a Marriner and Master Michaell Lock Merchant and after them a little Treatis ascribed to Master Briggs And if any thinke that the Spanâ—ard or Portugall would soone haue discouered such a Passage this will answere that it was not for their profit to expose their East or West Indies to English Dutch or others whom they would not haue sharers in those remote Treasures by so neere a Passage First Thomas Cowles auerâ—eth thus much I Thomas Cowles of Bedmester in the County of Somrset Marriner doe acknowledge that Six yeares past being at Lisborne in Portugall I did heare one Martin Chacke a Portugall reade a Booke of his owne making which hee had set out 6. yeeres before that time in Print in the Portugall tongue declaring that the said Martin Chacke had found twelue yeeres now past away from the Portugall Iudies through a Gulfe of the New-found-land which hee thought to bee in 59. deg of the N. Pole by meanes that hee being in the said Indies with 4 shippes of great Burthen and hee himselfe being in a small ship of 80. Tunne farre driuen from the companie of the other 4. shipps with a West winde after which hee had past along by a great number of Islands which were in the Gulfe of the said New-found-land and after hee ouer-shott the Gulfe he set no more sight of any other land vntill hee fell with the N. N. west part of Ireland and from thence hee tooke his course home-ward and by that meanes hee came to Lifborne 4. or 5. weekes before the other shipps that were separated from his Company and since the same time hee could neuer see any of those Bookes because the King commanded them to bee called in and no more of them to bee Printed least in time it would bee their hinderance In witnesse whereof I set to my hand and marke the 9day of Aprill 1579. ¶ A Noate of Michaell Locke touching Freton Anjoy through the North-west Passage of Meta Incognita WHen I was at Venice in Aprill 1596. happily arriued there an old man aged about 60. called commonly Iuan de Fâ—â—â—a but named properly Apostollos Valerianâ—s of Nation a Greeke borne in the Island of Sepholonien of Profession a Marriner and an ancient Pylot of shippes This man came lately out of Spaine ariued first at Legorne and went thence to Florence where hee found out Iohn Dowlas an English-man a famous Marriner ready comming for Venice to be Pylot of a Venetian ship for England they came both to Venice together and Iohn Dowlas being well acquainted with mee gaue me notice of this Greeke Pylot and brought him to my speech and in conference this Pylot declared in the Italian and Spanish tongue these words following First hee said that hee had beene in the West India of Spaine by the space of Forty yeeres and sayled too and fro as Marriner and Pylot to many places thereof in the seruice of the Spaniard Also he said that hee was in the Spannish shipp which in returning from the Islands of Philipinas and China was robb'd neere Cape Callifâ—rnia by Captaine Canâ—ndish an English-man whereby hee lost 60. Thousand Duckets of his owne goods Also hee said that hee was Pylot of 3. small Shipps which the Victory of Mexicoe sent from thence armed with a 100. Souldiers vnder a Captaine Spaniard to discouer the streights of Anian along the Coast of the South Sea and to fortefie in that streight to resist the Passage of the English Nation which were afraid to passe through the streights into the South Sea and that by reason of a Mutinie which happened amongst the Souldiers for the Sodomie of their Captaine that Voyage was ouerthrowne and the Ship turned backe from Califirnia to Noud Spania without any effect of things done in that Voyage and at their returne the Captaine was punished at Mexicoe Also hee saith that after the said Voyage was so ill ended the Vice-roy set him out againe in 1592. with a small Caravell and a Pinnace armed with Marriners onely for discovery of the said Streight and hee following his course W. and N. W. in the South-sea along the coast of Nova Hispaniae and Califirnia and India now called North America all which voyage hee signified vnto me in a great Mappe and Carde of my owne which I laide before him vntill hee came to the Latitude of 47. degrees and that there finding the land to trent N. and N. E. with a broad Inlett betweene 47. and 48. hee being entred thereinto sayling therein more then twenty dayes and found the land trenting still sometimes N. W. and sometimes N. E. and also S. E. ward a farre broader Sea then at the said entrance and that hee passed by divers Ilands in that entrance and that at the entrance of this said Streight there is on the North-west coast thereof a great Head-land or Iland with an exceeding high Pinnacle or spired Rocke like a piller there-vpon Also he said that hee went on land indivers places and that hee saw some people on land clad in Beast-skinns and that the land was very fruitfull and rich of gold and silver and Pearles and other things like Nova Hispaniae Also hee said that hee being entred thus farre into the said Streight and being come into the North-Sea allready and finding the Sea wide enough every where and to bee about 30. or 40. leagues wyde in the Streight where hee entred hee thought he had now well discharged his office done the thing which he was sent to doe and that he not being armed to resist the force of the Saluage people that might happen to assault him therefore hee set sayle and returned towards Noua Hispaniae where he arrives at Aquapulco Anno 1592. hoping to be well rewarded of the Viceroy for his voyage so performed Also he said that he was greatly welcomed to Mexico by the Viceroy and had promise of great reward but staying there 2 yeares to his small content the Viceroy told him he should be rewarded in Spaine of the King and therefore willed him to repayre thither which he did performe At his comming thither he was greatly welcomed at the Kings Court in words but after long suite he could not get any reward there to his content and therefore at length he stole away and came into Italy to get home to live amongst his kindred in his owne country he being now very old Also he said that he thought that the cause of his ill reward was had of the Spaniards to be for that they did understand very well that the English Nation had now given over all their voyages for the discovery of the N W. passage wherfore they feared not them any more to come that way into the S. Sea and therefore they needed not his service therein any more Also he said that in regard of
his ill reward had of the Spaniard and understanding of the Noble mind of the Queene of England and of her warres maintained so valiantly against the Spaniard hoping her Matie would do him Iustice for his goods lost by Capt. Cavendish he would be content to goe into England and serve her Matie in that Voyage to discover the N W. passage into the S Sea and would put his life in her Maiesties hands to performe the same if shee would furnish him with one ship of 40 tonnes and one Pinnace and that hee would performe the same from the one end of the Straits to the other and he willed me so to write into England Whereupon after this twice conference I did write to the old Lord Treasurer Cicil and to Sir Walter Rawleigh and to Mr. Richard Hackluit that famous Cosmographer praying that 100 pounds might be sent for the charge of sending this Pylot into England I received answer from some of my friend◠that the action was well liked of if the money could be procured After one fortnight he went from mee into his owne countrey where he dyed There are divers other things written in the Originall as enticing perswasions to those undertakings and is to be read as in Sir Humfrey Gilbert Mr. Hackluit and also other which were his collections after his death incerted into the latter end of the 4th Booke of the 3 part of Purkas his works but because these latter truths have proved them to be but the imagination of men I omit them as things needlesse to this ornament for although I have beene carefull to be as compendious as I could yet I feare me my readers will thinke me totedious Concerning Capt. William Hawkridge of whom I find nothing written by himselfe but what hath come to my hands by manuscript or relation as followeth here HEe went bent by the West and the 29 of June he found himselfe betwixt land and land and thought he had bin in the great channell or Lumleyes Inlet where it pleased God by the cleering up of the weather to deliver him from a rocke he might have indangered himselfe upon to the E. ward This day he plyed it out againe to the E. ward finding that he was in the N. or wrong Channell where he saw 3 Rocks he wondred he had escaped for he had runne in amongst them This day was fayre and cleare weather the wind at N W. he stood out againe S E. all the forenoone amongst yce loofing for one and bearing up for another the current setting to the W. ward he tooke marks upon the land and by the logge the Ship run after 5 leag a watch and for all that got nothing he observed by his Astrolob and was in 62 d. 25 m. having had Fogs and Mists for 6 dayes before so as he could not observe and this day he had 29 d variation Westward the magneticall Amplitude 83 d true Amplitude 54. These dayes were fayre cleare weather the 4 was foggie This day the winde was E. This day he plyed to windward to weather Resolution the wind at E N E. This day was foggie wind N E. he lost sight of his Pinnace The 27 of Iune he made the Resolution and the 8 of July he was come backe againe out of the N. channell betwixt Resolution and Cape Elizabeth This day he met againe with his Pinnace and thought to have borne up but the fogge taking him he plyed to the Eastward to the intent he might get into the great channell This day standing to the N-shore with very foggie weather he was taken with an indraft of a strong tide and drawne in amongst divers Ilands about Cape Elizabeth and was in more danger then he saw but having a swelling Sea from the E. hee followed and so escaped all dangers This day he had a strong ripling of a tide his Latit 61 d. 30 m. and the body of Resolution bore N W. by N. from him The 12. 13. and 14 dayes he made account that he had kept that latit and rather to the N. ward but he was horst with a current he could not tell how above 1 d. 30 m. which all men know is 30 leag so that he was to the S. ward of Buttons Iland This day when he came to observe thinking he had bin in the mouth of the strait it proved otherwise the wind cóming contrary as at W and by S. some hopes were taken away that he should not insist any further for that yeare but that himselfe had framed a sound resolution to continue and persever From the 16 untill this day he plyed to the West and was faire by land not 3 leag of the sounding he had no ground in latit 61. 50. The wind N N E. and N E. cleare weather This day he espied land on the S. shore nere Cape Charles but to the E. ward he espyed a little Iland where he stood into a Bay to water and anchored in 25 fath fine fishing ground but catcht none he had land bore round from the N N W. to the E by N. the Ilands Lat. 62 d. 19 m. variat 3 d. 9 m. and here he had a tyde which minding the setting and flowing may cause some Argument of strong consequence to prove a passage that way on this Iland he caught Ducks here he found it to flow 21 foote water the tyde setting S E. and the flood from N W. and in this place a S. E. Moone makes a full Sea He sent the Mrs. Mate and Carpenter with others in the boat to rowe about the Iland and when it bore S. E. of them they had 74 fath halfe a mile from land a strong set tide from E. This day he set saile from this Iland the wind E S E. much wind all day This day in the morning he met with much yce This day he run 35 leag W. by N. but the last day at night he reckned himselfe to be at the westermost Cape on the N. side This day he run 25 leag W by N. but the last day he sawe land and thought it had bin Silisbury and Nottinghams Ilands but it proved the N. Mayne he sailed along W. by N. and W by S. with a stiffe gale at E N E. he found this land to be thicke with yce and very low and run 30 leag along by it The first of August he espyed this land and sailed along in 67 89 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 fat rocky ground as he stood to the S. ward it was white sand his lat was 63 d. 30 m. variat 27-he found an Iland sayling along the shore the depth betweene which and the Mayne was 70 fath This day he sailed along the N W. with fayre weather and easie wind This day he stood away S W. and anchored in 45 fath clay ground This morning he weighed and stood N W.
force still to the Westward Da 11 this last was the coldest night that I felt since I came into this melancholly path and wee had fewer Seafowle than before we had no ground at 320 fathome the wind came to the Northeast This longest day came in with wet and blew so as since Da 12 the last noone-tyde the ship made way 44 leagues to the Westward I am now in fore-course and bonnet with Sprit-sayle this evening I came by two pieces of Ice and now I reckoned my selfe not farre from sight of Cape Farewell The wind Veered to the Northward I set all sayles and Da 13 stood to the Westward in latitude 58 d. 30 m. this evening the Article for the watch to be diligent and to looke well foorth for Ice or other accidents was againe read over to the Company and a man constantly to sit all night in the foretop the Ayre was hazie to the landward otherwise wee should have seene Cape Farewell if I suppose not amisse Close weather the wind contrary we in traverse some Da 14 drisling mists but many Grampusses came in a shole following their Leader comming close by me made me remember Mr. William Browne in his Britaines Pastorals where hee writes the Tritons wafted Thetis along the British shores this afternoone the Polesaltitude being 58 d. 10 m. the variation by Azimuth and Almicanter was 18 deg From hence I haled up in N W. by N. for sight of Desolation This day was faire close weather with dispersing fogges Da 15 which I doe perceive to be incident to those Seas Poles elevation was 58 d. 50 min. the Sea is here almost continually smooth the water blacke but not so thicke as is formerly writ of and small store of fowle to be seene This day and last night hath been thicke weather but so as Da 16 we might discerne 3 miles betwixt one Fog-drift another I had steered some Watches W and by N. which for some reason of a reported Current I altered to the N W. by N. againe although after the variation thwart Cape Farewell was found and allowed in my running over betwixt the same and the West Maine or the West side of Fretum Hudson I found my reckoning to agree without any interruption furtherance or hinderance of Current therefore what instruction shall as yet be laid down in this way without good judgement in the practitioner and libertie withall is but as it were to teach a blind man to see by demonstration This last night came by us one Whale this day another the Moneths Iune Da 17 waters colour is all one and but few fowle this Meridian I did reckon to be in 60 d. 50 m. and that I had neere two points of variation the weather thicke with wet fogge Faire weather but foggy this noone tyde I did reckon to be Da 18 of the 60 parallel 590 leagues from the place in Orkney of my departure the account is but 600 from thence to Resolution I could not observe since the 15 day yet I am neere in 61 d. 30 m. This day we met with overfalls and Races of Tide or Current at clock 4 thick weather and reckoning to be not farre from land I tooke in all sayles and laid to Hull at 6 wee were no sooner rise from prayers but we were close by a mountain of Ice hard to Leewards of us and wee had much to doe to cleere the same by flatting the ship to the S. wards the most of this evening and night I spent in standing to and againe This day at noone I had a little cleare and stood in to the Da 19 S W. ward when it fogged againe I lay to Hull two times this day we see the Sunne but to no use it was so hazie This last night I laid in Maine saile untill midnight reckoning Da 20 by all accounts that I must be in neere 62 d. and thought it fit to hale in W. true course especially now it was cleare weather but it thickned againe and blew to both topsailes in the wind Veering to the W S W. which had been betwixt E. and S. with thickefoggy or hazie weather ever since the 14 day thereupon with cleere weather I stood to the N. W. close haled amongst Islands and peeces of Ice for the Sea beating continually upon them doth undermine them so as they fall in pieces forced by their own waight to the Lee of every Iland is of those little peeces but are easily to be shunned This day 11 clocke I had sight of land almost buried in snow being two Islands making a Bay betwixt them and the North maine whereon stood two high hills bearing Northwest covered with snow the Bay was full of mash'd Ice which it seemed the S E. wind had inforced herein by dead reckoning I was at that instant in 62 d. 17 m. where presently haveing a good observatioÌ„ at that instant I was in 62 d. 25. m. the difference being but 8 m. that to the W. ward it doth not shew that there is any current continually to set out of Fretum Davis to the S. as is generally reported for from the lat 58 d. 30 m. crossing Fretum Davis 220 leag or therabouts to the W side in 62 d. 27 m. and having but 8 min. difference betwixt dead reckoning and the observation and that to the Northward whether doth there any current appeare to come from the N. out of Fretum Davis or no. Having thus met with the land I stood to the Southward untill midnight with the waide at W. hopeing to ply up into the passage Seeing now that it hath pleased God to send me thus happily neere to the land being the N side of Lumleys inlet so named after the right honourable the Lord Lumley an especiall furtherer to Davis in his voyages as to many other Lordly designes as that never to be forgotten act of his in building up the peere of that distressed poore fisher towne and corporation of Hartlepâ—ole in the Bishoprick of Durham at his owne proper cost and charge to the value of at least 2000 pounds at my first comming thither I demanded at whose charge the said Peere towne was builded an old man answered marrye at my good Lord Lumleys whose Soule was in Heaven before his bones were cold Some may inquire why I should not have incerted herein my traverse course distance with all my observation for latit to which I answer first it were needlesse seeing that few doe looke or search after the Voyage and many before mee have wrote thereof besides it lying neare upon the same parallell there is no neede secondly if I had knowne any that would have taken so much paines to have protracted mee I would have prepared them satisfaction thirdly I feare me I should be thought to be too tedious although I am but newly entered yet I do purpose to bestow some time of those needy ones concerning this matter A Discourse for
Seamors teeth Vnicornes horne or Whale Finne Plants Herbes or any thing Spungy fleet out of the Sea if you finde Scurvie grasse Orpin or Sorrill bring them all on board to me Seventhly If you will goe above the full Sea marke looke for scoting of wilde Beasts by that or their dung you may imagine what they are if Deere doe not chase them into the land for feare of being betrayed for the people in those parts are all treacherous how faire soever they intreat you remember also that the losse of you or the boate is the utter overthrow of the whole Voyage Eightly If you finde of their Tents and they fled doe no harme to any of their buildings but bring with you the most things of marke leaving in the same place a peece of Iron Moneths Iuly bigger or lesser as you estimate the same to be of worth unto us and so neare as you can chuse a beach or sandy Bay to land in for there you shall espie most likelihood of Inhabitants Ninthly leave one Carbine one Lance and one short Sword to defend the boat with whose tow keepers you shall give charge that if either they shall espie any token from the ship as striking the maine Topsaile Mison and Spritsaile Gunshot or Firesmoke or be assaulted by any the Inhabitants that then they shall discharge the said Carbine To the first intent that you repaire with speed on board to the second for their rescue and your own saftie when you come cleerein the tydes way try it as before in the 4 article the rest is referred to your own discretion so I pray God for your safe returne This morning at clocke 6. the wind came faire the weather Da 4 like to be thicke and raine I beckoned them to come on board but they saw me not at their departing the dawning being cleare the Ayre calme and it was within an houre of Sun-rising the Sea smooth the ship nearer the shoare then at any time before since we came into the passage and the whole day towards I would not loose this opportunity to send to land the boat after 5 houres they returned and gave account that it was flood-tide about clocke 5. and that they thinke it flowed halfe an houre the land lay N N W. in this time with the ship we drive by an Iland of Ice a ground in 50 fathome they found where people had been of old their Tent walls were of stones laid one upon another square built found one knife haft three severall sorts of herbes but my Chirurgion knew not what they were one peece of drift wood they found the dung and footing of Deere lately made and if they may be beleeved they affirme that in ¼ of an houre it did flow above 4 foot water and that it had above 5 fathomes upright to flow to the full Sea marke which they could easily perceive by the beach they being forced to rowe and saile 4 miles before they could come to a place to land at this E S E. wind blew on with stiffe gale and durt at noone it fell thicke raine and continued untill 4 next day morning in which time wee made way neare 30 leagues in cleare Sea and then had like to have beene imbayed which Ices lyeth thick off Prince Henries Foreland the South land bearing round from W N W. ½ Westerly to 108 degrees Southwards to cleere which wee were Moneths July glad to put tackes a board and turne it â—orth to the Northwards whereit was cleare of Ice This morning the Sun was vailed with drisling raine I stood Da 5 over for the N. shoare the Master would have perswaded me to stand over for the S. saying the Capes on the S. which wee had seene were Savage Ilands so named by Bylot this being after wee had an observation of 62 deg 40 min. we had some circumstance about it but he went away well satisfied and it proved as I tolde him for at night wee had Savage Ilands N but noe land Northward in sight This evening the Sunne set with a weather gall opposite and Zephyrus blewe on a pretty gale at the same instant the lead was wet in 150. fathomes the line having 20. fath straie to the E. and I thought the Tyde set W. the most of this day I stood away N W. but was glad sometime to alter course to the N. for Ice for the S. land lay all full this day hath bin very hot Before this S. wind came Da 6 I did thinke the wind had blowne either right up or right downe the passage viz. E. or W. as for the most part it doth the W. is cleare faire and hot Sun-shine but the aire is cold when it Veereth about as once in 3. dayes and by the S. it is either thick raine soft sleet or warme fog the wind E. or thereabout these done he changeth to the W. againe bringing the weather faire as before I did thinke that this day the Tide set forth this morning we saw Cape Charles 12 leag off S S East The Sunne did rise cleare at clocke 8 came on a Fogge and Da 7 continued unto one wee had store of ice to the S. off us then it cleared and we were come to the Westward amongst much ice and had sight of a high Iland bearing W. about 6 or 7. leag off wee saw also the high land of the N. maine 12 leag off The Sun set valed and we had no ground at 150 fath it fell to raine and I tooke in both topsailes and stood to and againe among the Ice This morning was cold with some snow and the W. wind Da 8 blew hard we made the ship fast to a great peece of yce which she plowed through the rest by force of the Gale although we had made her as snug as we could at Noone we were in 63 deg 31 min. now the wind calmed and I made loose and stood to the N. and at Sun setting I had sight of the N. Maine Moneths Iuly againe the Sun ser cleare this evening This mornings Sun raise cleare and I stood to the N close Da 10 to an Iland nere the Maire which Iland at my returne I named Ile Nicholas from which with a S W. wind I stood over to the Southward and stood with the Iland I saw the 7th day before I hoped it would prove Salisbury this day ended wee made fast againe for all this North Channell was thick with ice upon which we silled 2 hoggsheads with fresh water I loosed againe and with a small gale came within 4 miles of Salisburies Iland for it can be no other it is high land but not clifled I caused to make fast againe for that nere the land and the middle Channell was all full of ice and no ground at 120 fath and untill 6. the tide set Westward and then it returned what tide it was I could not discerne although I came so nere the land
for that purpose I made loose againe presently because the Masters mate was of opinion that it was cleare to the W. or at least that was the cleerest way for my parte I had no more purpose to have tryed betweene Salisbury and the N. Maine or Mill I le so named by Byâ—ot for Mill Ile being a great Iland lying in the middle of the N. Channell must needs straiten all the ice that fleets from the N W. yet for the good of the Voyage it was fit to try all conclusions but thus striving to the W. we were presently inclosed againe where we lay vntill the next morning all too nere the Iland if I could have got further off This night had a stiffe gale at West with one showre of raine the Sunne was obscured 2 howres before night and wee slept safe in our old Innes I cald at clocke 3. and by 6. with haleing saleing toweing Da 12 and pulling wee were got cleere and thought to have gone about the East end of the Iland but the flood faceing of the winde had choaked all the East end sotheir being one glade or cleere betweene the shoare and the Channell ice we plide it up therein for 2 or 3 miles but comming nere the W. end it was all choaked there so shutting betweene one and another for the N. Mayne I stood to see what better comfort but at halfe straite ouer I was forcd backe againe for ice and Fogge. Well wee stand againe for Salisburies Ile of which I was now assured and so named by my predecessour Hudson after the right honourable and not to be forgot Robert Cicell Earle of Salisbury then Lord high Treasurer Da 12 Moneths Iuly of England an honourable furtherer and Adventurer in this designe as well as in others as appeareth by Sir Walter Raleigh in his Guianian discoveries in my standing over I espied a glade wherein I hoped if I did returne I might recover the N. Maine wherefore I called to tackle about the ship The Master not seeing what was on the weather Bowe bid the helme man put on Lee the ship obeying her helme presently answered so as in her winding her way being not fully ended she checkt upon a peece or ice and twined off her cut water which was before the stemme thus constrained I bore up the helme and went along to the East end of the I le and makeing fast to a peece of Ice the Carpenter made good againe the hurt wee had received in the meane time our men went to supper the afternoone was more then seven houres old before this was done then I called againe to make loose for I thought that the ice was now with winde and ebbe well cleared from the East end of the Iland as it proved but many discontented and doubtfull speeches past but to no purpose for I must runne to discover this losse time when motion was made to make fast againe which I denyed for these reasons that wee could see the Sea to be reasonable free and cleere at the East end from the Iland and the South Channell would be to be dealt withall or if not the passage was forbidden untill the ice were dissolved and to fasten nere the land I would upon no condition listen unto for the winde comming to blow to land I must upon necessity bee put thereon the Shippe alwayes pulling the ice she was fast unto faster then the other could drive and for anckoring there was none if the land had not beene steepe to for the Eddie Tides which every Rocke Bay or poynt made would have wheeled the Shippe about in the ice so as it had not beene possible to have kept my rudder from breakeing and amongst ice there was no loosing of any saile to have beaten it off shoare It seemeth these reasons had the force of perswasion for wee willingly past about the I le to the South as well where we found all over laid with ice so that wee must make fast having toyled thus all day untill night I thought it fit to Moneths July repose This morning clocke 4. I called to make loose wee Da 13 had much to doe to get cleere being all fast immured it was easie wind I could perceive by the bearing of the land that we had drove above 2 miles S. wards now wee thredneedles to the East hopeing at further distance from the I le to get cleare into the South channell at clocke 10 the West winde brought on thick Fogges so as we could not see one hole to peepe through the ice inclosed us and there we lay it blew hard untill clocke 7. then it both calmed and cleared I loosed and plying 2 leagues to the Southwards had the South Maine in sight from the South-East to the S West All this day untill night 7. we kept our colde lodging and Da 14 then looseing with an easie breath from N E. we minneâ—nd betwixt ice and ice S Westward untill we got cleare in which time came under the sheering of our head easie to have been strooke if our provisions had beene ready a Sea Vnicorne He was of length about 9 foot black ridged with a small fin theron his taile stoode crosse his ridge and indented between the pickends as it were on either side with 2 Scallop shels his side dapled purely with white and blacke his belly all milke white his shape from his gils to his taile was fully like a Makarell his head like a to Lobster wherout the fore-part grewe forth his twined horne above 6 foote long all blacke save the tip This evening I had sight of 20 more the Sun set cleare and this easie gale continued from the E N E. all night wee stood S W. having the straite cleare to the S. This delicate morning the ice seemed to trent from Salisburies Da 15 Ile into the middle channell I caused the sailes to be clewed up and lie untill Sols beautifull appearance and at that fit opportunity wet the lead in 60 fath The E end of Salisbury lying N by E. from me about 4 leag the W. end which is Salisburies plaine N W. about 4 leag of Nottingham at that instant peeping out from beyond it about 7 leag off I stood to the S. into â…“ of the channell shooting shuttles in the old loome and heare the lead fell downe 160 fath before ground made it stay it brought from thence such stones as lye upon the most of the ice here in this part of the passage especially brought from the Mayne cleaving to the Ice by winters frost Moneths July more broad then thicke at whose dissolving they fall to the bottome and the yeerely Ice since the generall Deluge bringing in such quantity cannot chuse but have covered all the upper part of the Seas bottome there all this ice is but chattered no great Ilands since we came by the I le of Gods Mercy so that here may be a plaine argument remonstrated that the Tide
setting more strongly into Fretum Hudson then the ebbe doth set forth doth haile in those mountaines bred in the W. side of Fretum Davis into Fretum Hudson as they are passing by to the South As also this may be noted that here and especially nere within the mouth of this strait the Compasse doth almost loose his sensitive part not regarding his magneticall Azimuth without much stirring the smooth water may be some cause the Ship wanting her active motion but I should strange that the cold should benum it as it doth us Nay I should rather thinke that the sharpenesse of the ayre interposed betwixt the needle and his attractive point may dull the power of his determination or here may be some mountaines of the one side or the other whose Minerals may detaine the nimblenesse of the needles mooving to his respective poynt but this I leave to Phylosophie By this time the kind E N E. breese hath brought me nere the Iland of Nottingham and I am making ready to send the boate on land within 2 miles to try the tyde having cast the lead amongst shels and stones 35 fathomes deepe Sir Dudly Diggs his Iland bare from mee W S W. the E. part of Nottingham E S E. the Pole elevated 63 d. 12 m. and comming betwixt Cape Wolstenholme and the E. end of Nottingham at noon I met the ebbe comming from the N W. as I could perceive by the overfalls I towed my boate into 19. fathomes and sent her on land driving along the Iland untill her returne These Iles as Resolution Salisbury and Nottingham are Da 15 high at the East end and low at the West this Iland was also named by Master Hudson in due bequest to that most honourable Lord Charles Hawvrd Earle of Nottingham then Lord high Admirall of England a small remembrance for the charge countenance and instruction given to the Search of the enterprise and though smaller yet being by his Lordship Moneths July accepted neither time nor fame ought to suffer oblivion to burie for whensoever it shall please God to ripen those seedes and make them readie for his sickle whom he hath appoynted to be the happie reaper of this crop must remember to acknowledge that those honourable and worthy personages were the first Advancers The boate went at clocke 5 in the afternoone they were away 5 glasses it was flood and in one houre it flowed 10 inches they said that it had 2 houres to slow and had about 2 foot to high they brought a little fire-wood and 3 stint birds they found the foundation of an old Tent at their comming on board the W. end of the land bore N and by E. the S E. end S by E. I edged off untill I brought the N W end N E. the E. end E by S. there I caused the boate to anckor in 60 fathomes the tide came from S E. 2 leag a watch We see great store of Sea Mors playing by the Ilands side from thence I directed the course S W. with carrying away with stiffe gale from S E with both top sailes a trip all the night being twi-light clear some few Ice was in the way but by the helpe of the same thankes be to God wee shunned them This morning clocke 8. I had sight of Mansils Ile for I fell right with the North end thereof it is lowe land but the highest is to the East at that instant I had also sight of Sir Dudly Diggs his Iland and I was not certaine whether I saw the East Mayne or no for a fogge came on presently Master Hudson also named this Iland of Sir Dudlie Diggs a gentleman who hath planted many of the best Vines in this Vineyard succeeding his father and Grandfather in the Mathematicks whose learned knowledge together with his purse added no small proportion to this building to whom my selfe and many others of my quallity shall be still beholden while times age continues This afternoone was 2 fogges 2 cleares the 3 was wet fog at clocke 7. I thought I see Cape Pembrooke upon N. Mayne at clocke 4. before I had 90. fath this afternoone wee see many Sea-Mors and had store of Ice W from this Iland of Sir Robert Mansils I thinke so named by Sir Thomas Button as also Cape Pembrooke Southampton and Carie Swans nest the last most eminent of the 3. I stood as ice would give leave S W. and to the Westward at clocke 8. wee clewd up Moneths July all sailes and drive 2 leag in 18 houres The next morning 4. wee had 120 fath owsie grownd at 7. before the deepe was but 96. here we see Sea-Mors had one sight of the Sunne in the afternoone and all this day we heard the Sea beate upon the ice to windward of us Wee stood 2 glasses to the North with wind at East to get Da 18 cleare off the ice wee drive in all this last night and had those depths at 55. 55. 54. the lead brought up a little white Corrall I set saile this day at clocke 4. and thought then that I see land at N. it was hazie and at clock 12 I thought I had got as much as I lost the day before I pusled all this day amongst the ice and at night was glad to make fast to a peece whereon was a white Beare the ice here is not so dirty as it hath been and I iudge my selfe now not farre from Carie Swans nest Was foggie and calme the wind all over the afternoone Da 19 began to cleare the Beare came againe and wee pursued him from ice to ice he swimming and diving at length the Master kild him with a lance and wee made about 12 gallons of oyle of him although he was but young some of it wee eate boyld without any taste at all but like beefe but being roasted it tasted oylie and rammish This night was cleare above head but fog bankes about the Horizon at clocke 12 there was Pettiedancers or henbanes as some write them North in the firmament betokening a storme to follow within 24 houres there was many Starres also in appearance as those of note Charles-Wayne Auriga Botes and Antonius I could have no observation for ice and fogge dimmed the horizon I thought I see land againe at clocke 8. and had deepe 70 fathomes The Master cald to make loose this morning and all those Da 20 3 or 4 dayes wee have beene fast I cold not observe any thing of the tydes set yet I doe account wee are not far from Carie Swans Nest Wee steered as ice would suffer betweene W N W. and W S W. and did iudge wee made way about 4. leagues and one mile easie winde and reasonable cleare at clocke 9. wee make fast to the ice a reasonable Moneths Iuly distance from a low Iland as I seemed for it thought I could see both ends Vpon sight hereof I caused the Boate to be anchored betweene the ship
West Southward The newes from land was that this Iland was a Sepulchre for that the Salvages had laid their dead I cannot say interred for it is all stone as they cannot dig therein but lay the Corpes upon the stones and wall them about with the same Coâ—â—ining them also by laying the sides of old sleddes above which have been artificially made the boards are some 9 or 10 foot long 4 inches thicke in what manner the tree they have bin made out on was cloven or sawen it was so smooth as we could not discerne the burials had been so old and as in Da 12 Moneths Iuly other places of those countries they bury all their Vtensels as bowes arrowes strings darts lances and other implements carved in bone the longest Corpes was not above 4 foot long with their heads laid to the West it may be that they travell as the Tartars and the Samoides For if they had remained here there would have been some newer burials there was one place walled 4 square and seated within with earth each side was 4 or five yards in length in the middle was 3 stones laid one above another mans height we tooke this to be some place of Ceremony at the buriall of the dead neare the same place was one station laid stone upon stone as though they would have something remarkeable there was fowle but so skadle as they would not abide them to come neere them and Ravens bigger then ours we rob'd their graves to build our fires and brought a whole boates loading of fire-wood on board their Corpes were wrapped in Deare skinnes their Darts were many of them headed with Iron and nailes the heads beaten broad wayes in one of their Darts was a head of Copper artificially made which I tooke to be the work of some Christian and that they have come by it by the way of Canada from those that Trade with the English and French Our men found stinking oyle in a fish gut and some small Whale Finnes this Iland I named Sir Thomas Rowes Welcome I stood off into 33 fathomes that night untill clocke 2 the wind West for I was directed by the letter of my instruction to set the course from Carie Swannes Nest N W by N. So as I might fall with the Westside in 63 d. and from thence Southward to search the passage diligently all the Bay about untill I came to Hudsons Bay I was in latitude 63 d. 37 m. plying up with S W. winds Da 28 very faire and cleare weather I saw as it were a headland to the South and petty Islands and broken ground of the Maine here was great store of fish leaping and many Seales I saw one Whale this day the land lyeth S. W. and by S. along I stood W. about the headland the last day shewed me in 7 Da 29 and 8 fathomes untill I raised another white Iland bearing S. W. and betwixt that Iland the Maine which I had now brought N. W. on me there was as it had been a Caw see or ridge of stone but bearing with the E. thereof I fell into 35 and 40 fathomes the tide runne W. by S. one mile â— 7 in one Moneths July houre After this it fell to be easie wind I sent the boate to the land and plyed with the ship thereunto for that wind which was blew from thence and comming neere it after Sunne-set we could see 2 or three huge Whales playing close by the land side in shoale water for we without them in the ship had but 12 fathomes I stood to the S W. end of the Island and there stayed for my boat which came at clocke 11 in the night she had been 14 Glasses from the ship which was thus imployed Item in Rowing to the land 4. one in chasing of Duckes in the next the water fell 9 Inches and for 3 more in the one it fell 3 Inches in the other it flowed 3 Inches and in the 2 last it flowed 2 foot ½ so as it flowed about 10 foot but I doe trust to this In their comming on board they Anchored in 8 fathomes at the Iland point and that was 2 Glasses after those formerly accounted the Tide came from N E. and by E. at 3 miles ½ one houre this point of the Iland made the Tyde goe sharpe by this it may be gathered that it was full Sea at ½ past 12. it cannot be otherwise computated but that it floweth here S W. it being 3 dayes before the full Moone But I am not fully acertained of this Tyde as yet for those Ilands have their severall indrafts and sets betwixt one another for at clock 1. it set W by S. and now it hath neere the same set continuing from 1 unto 10 of clocke more then 9 houres it seemeth strange unto me being a Tyde and no Current to be better satisfied I cannot for the best will runne at their pleasure when they are on land to seeke for such things as the shoare may afford them the worst worst able to give account must keep the boat therefore this account cannot hold with truth nor doth it I named this Iland Brooke Cobham thinking then of the many furtherances this Voyage received from that Honourable Knight Sir Iohn Brooke whom together with Master Henry Brigges that famous Mathematicall Professor were the first that countenanc'd me in this undertaking This Noble Knight graced me in the delivering of my Petition to his Majestie and afterwards brought me to his Royall Presence there to shew the hopefull possibility of the attempt And after this persisting in his kindnesse invited mee to his owne Table where I had my dyet continually assisting Moneths July me with monies towards my expence as also paying for the charge of the Privie Seale and for the ships bringing about from Chatham to London and in some with Master Brigges was at all the charge hereof while the Voyage was put off untill the next yeere when that yong Sir John Wolstenholme was appointed Treasurer Now for this Iland it is all of a white Marble of indifferent height with many water Ponds therein and great store of Fowle especially water fowle they brought on board two goodly Swannes and a young Tall Fowle alive it was long headed long neckt and a body almost answerable for it was but pen-feathered I could not discerne whether it was an Estridge or no within 3 or 4 dayes the legges by mischance were broken and it dyed Our dog being on land hounded himselfe at a Stagge or Reine Deere and brought him to obey Peter Neshfield one of the Quarter-Masters followed the chase and having neither Gun nor Lance let him goe it may be he tooke compassion when he saw the Deere shed teares the dog having hurt his feet very sore upon the hard stones was not able to pursue him and so they parted with blood-shed but it came from the Deere and Dogs feet they did imagine that
call'd to lift the anchor from the ground bring the ship Da 24 to saile the other dayes N. N. W. wind doth make the Seas swelling still continue now the wind S. E. by S. I must stop the ebbes and ply the floods the distance were too tedious and to small purpose to insert here Prayers being ended I called to heave up anchor at clock 8 Da 25 we anchored again this day we made good way to the E S E. and in one Ripling had 40 fathomes land faire in sight upon the hatches but this great comfort was not a furlong long for the water shoaled to the old rate againe presently this night was calme with much raine I had up my anchor clocke 5 and stood along to the East Da 26 sometimes E. S. E sometimes S. E. as the land lay or met mee at noone it came fog â— anchored for 1 houre it clearing up again after dinner I see the land trent to the S. wards wherefore I tooke the Pinnace and went within 2 miles of a point that lay upon our Bowe as we were at anchor nere which point all the land was belaid with round Rocks and all along the shore were ledges of the same and halfe a mile without us Moneths August towards the ship I stood off to give the ship warning thereof who had espied the same before I came to them so I stood into the shore which lay S. along the ship came along in sixe fathomes and I had 4 hard within the ridges This day a N. N. W. wind hath conveid away abundance of wilde Geese by us they breed here towards the N. in those wildernesses there are infinite numbers and when their yong be fledge they flye S. wards to winter in a warmer countrey I hoped by their taking flight the wind would have continued This low land thus trenting makes me doubt it will bring Da 26 us still with this shallow water to joyne with Hudson and then leave us and fall away S. and there also must I leave it I could not perceive that it did slow above five foot water yesterday and the flood set S. E. the waters side is so flat and Rocky that we cannot land with the Pinnace we can discerne the going in of many small Rivers and there out-sets by the change of waters whose colour is more dunne then the Sea it selfe Was thicke close weather at night 7 it wet the night Da 27 proved close the wind changed from N. W. to S. E. the land lay S. E. and we had a great plumpe of wood on shore like an Iland I stood twice into 4 fathomes of land and once into 3 and a halfe but could not see the trees on hatches the land stretching the tydes running and flowing the expected high land and all hopefull things are now at an end this night casting up my Cards I did account I was from Port Neâ—oâ— true course E. S. E. 60 leagues and that I must be in 55 degr 50 min. latitude This coldest day I felt since I came from Nottinghams Ile Da 28 was but the Harbinger of Winter I Anchored in 7 fathoms and 3 leagues oâ—line I had but 4 fathomes I stood off into 25 fathomes and in againe into 11 and Anchored it brew to top-sailes halfe Mast high the land low full of trees the night was thicke with reasonable wind at East I road still all night for I could get nothing by plying against Da 29 wind the wind now doth Souther about clock 7. we espied a saile standing right with us it was Captaine James of Bristâ—ll hee came close in at our sterne and wee saluted each other he standing in towards the shoare which was in sight but standing Moneths August off againe hee could not fetch vs for it was ebbe the streame and wind setting him to lee-ward whereupon hee stood into Sea and out of sight which greeued mee much searing I should not see him againe nor know what discouerie he had made but he tackt about inward againe and the wind Estering at night hee fetch 't me and sent his Shallop on board inuiting mee to dinner the next day with my Master and his mate There came on board of mee his Lieutenant his Coxen and three more I gaue order to my Officers to take downe the 4. rowers betweene the Decks and to entertaine them at seuerall messes and to enquire of them with what land they fell first after their comming from our owne Coasts what lands they had beene at or in what harbours when they entered Fretum Hudson how long they had beene amongst the Ice and at seuerall times what Islands they had seene or Capes formerly discouered what was there most Northerliest latitude they had beene in and what day they see first this side or bottome and in what latitude they came ouer this bay in I enquired also the like of his Lieutenant whom I entertained in my Cabin so that before they went away I heard that they first met with Ice at Cape Farwell and that they entered Fretum Hudson the 20. day of Iune they had beene distrest in harbour and had like to haue lost their shippe the fire smoake my men see on land the 23. day of Iune was theirs they had seene the Iles Nottingham and Salisbury and was on land on Sir Robert Mansfells Isle hauing beforebeene sore pestured with Ice The greatest latitude North was 64. deg and that in this bay of Sir Thomas Buttons they had beene troubled with Ice talking thereof as though they tooke pleasure to runne against it nay they said they had runne into the Ice as far as the maine mast and that they came ouer in 59 deg of this their Northmost latitude of their suffering at Resolution their grounding in this Bay the harme of their men throwne at Capsten and what else I desired to haue I had and that they had him on shoare here but two dayes before and kill'd two Partridges they said also that there was no offering to goe home if they found no passeage for that the Ice could not bee disolued this yeere but they must stay vntill the next yeere to haue light nights to shift themselues amongst them and this I did for that I did not know how wee might be separated beefore I talked with Cap. Moneths August Da 29 Iames himselfe and I gaue order to acquaint them with what also they demanded of vs telling them that I had beene in Port Nelson and that I had seene and came along this coast neuer without sight of land from the latitude of 64 deg 2. quar and that in Port Nelson I had beene on the S. side and on the land also before they came and had named it new Yorkeshiere but being a barren waste Wildernesse of Birds and wild beasts of prey and chiefely for that it is out of the roade of trading and the passage where none hereafter will desire to come I conceine that I can
the N. W. of the Kings Cape 3. Islands passeable round about standing like an Equilaterall triangle which I named Trinitie Isles in the remembrance of the house of Deepeford Strand A 4th Da 18 and out-most I named Isle Cooke thinking of my good friend and countenancer Mr. Walter Cooke an assistant in that Corporation This little recreation wee had at this Celebration hath much comforted our men that were aboue and something cheered those that were downe as the Master the Boate-swaine his mate the Gunner Carpenter Exposer Russell yet they seeme to bee the worse since this certaine triall of the tide to come from S. E. with his constant flowing and ebbing doth make them conceiue that this hard labour is in vaine Yet they say nothing to mee but that the N. W. tide was mistaken for the Masters of the Trinity House were very carefull that I should bee well man'd so that I had not aboue 5. but were capable of an accompt and therefore the easier to bee gouerned and more helpefull to the designe thus wee ended the euening in feasting and reposed vntill clocke 12. in the night and then wee weighed ankor againe Mr. Hurine and my selfe hoping by this faire meanes to jndure our sufferings thereby to see the hopes of the supposed passage this way This ebbe wee held it vp vnder-â—aile and ankored not This day wee plide about the Queenes Cape the S. side Da 19 thereof is all Rocks small Islands shelues and ouer-falls from 45. fathoms into 20. the land to the N. of the Queenes Cape doth lie N. E. this Cape doth lie in aboue 65. deg 13. min. of latitude it hath beene showers of snow all day I ankored at Clocke 5. in 30. sathomes blew oaze the ebbe was come on and therfore wee came to a sharpe bitter before our ship staid this Tide run from the N. E. as the land wended 3. â— â— miles an houre The night Tide I plide vp N. E. 6. leagues and stopt in 23. fathomes clammy oaze 4. leagues from land at first comming Moneths September of the flood tide it came W. and in 3. glasses it set round about by the S. to the N. still running without any stop heere doth appeare to bee Islands and through lets that doth after the Tides course when hee beginneth not to take his Currant vntill the ½ flood bee past and then hee retaineth his constant course It is now and then snowing I rid now in latitude about 65. 50. min. the day came on and Da 20 I see the land lie along N. E. by E. with 2. Islands neere the one a league off the other bearing S. E. and S. E. by E. coâ—se weather some snowie the low water slacke was this day at Clocke 11. I made way from 11. that I weighed anchor to 5. 12. leagues N. E. by N. when I raised a point or head-land of good height decfending to the Sea or W. wards the Throughlet or Bay on the Starbord as I did coast the E. side I could not see the bottome not of 7. or 8. leagues deepe I had 43. fathomes oazie ground from this Cape the land doth trent to the S. ward of E. the further I came to the N. wards I haue still darker nights the Moone is waineing and it's could weather Comming neere vnto this Cape I see many ouer-falls and races in the Tides face being deeper with more breacke then heretofore so as I caused an ankor to bee made ready hauing then 20. fathomes but before I came to the first ouer-fall I had but 7. 8. 10. differing as fast as the lead went down I anchored in 8. the Cape bore S. S. W. 2. leagues off at the full Sea slacke I could see betwixt vs and the Cape all broken grounds and the ebbe came on so swiftlie as it was bent before wee could get vp our anchor thinking to fall from those ouer-falls and wee were iust at the S. end of those broken grounds the land stretcht away S. E. from hence it runs about ½ Tides for the broken grounds were drie within vs before the Tides returne To conclude I doe account this Cape to lie some mi. within the Artick Cirkle it stretcheth E. wards as before which in hazie weather as in the night is easie to discerne in those parts for the land lying hid in snow doth cause a white reflexe in the Ayre all night as though it were dawning or twi-light before and after sun-set this Cape I named my Lord Westons Portland Hauing weighed ankor I stood off N. by E. and N. N. E. 10. leagues thinking to stand with the W. side that thereby Moneths September if I had found the land to stretch to the E. and S. ward as this did the flood going accordingly would haue giuen good satisfaction to his Majestie but I was not able the reasons you shall find after the sequill of this journall amongst the reasons for my home comming this yeere and ankored some-while before the ebbe had done running in 28 fathomes I commanded the watch to trie the streame of the Flood-tide by the log when it was bent â—n the fourth glasse of the watch my selfe comming foorth of my cabbin and looking ouer-board see the Tide did not goe aboue 2. knots the watch answered that it did not runne so fast as at first commâ—ng on then it went 3. ½ but was now abated I was no sooner laid downe in my cabbin but that I heard the Cabâ—e run forth and wee had all much adoe to bring the shippe to a bitter before it was out end for end Now you shall vnderstand that the ankor had Cadged a great while when comming to take a sudaine hold broke the two Lashers of our stoppers and hal'd the Cable about the bitts the tide taking the ship away E. 4. knots ½ shee hauing driuen an honre or more before In the morning the land beare S. by W. from vs so that wee though wee had run through it the last nights ebbe when it prooued the former as Lord Westous Portland for in that bearing i seemed like an Isleland the deepenesse of the Bay to the S. E. tooke away the sight of any other land for making account that the ebbe set W. standing as before 10 leagues from the Cape it should haue beene so but finding it otherwayes as wee stood with ebbe S. W. wee were drawne into the Bay on the S. side of the Cape where we espied the land to stretch as it did the day before with the same for me which I drew then I knew that for certaine it was the same Portland wee stood Da 12 along S. S. W. this ebbe and got not so much with both ebbs and wind by 2. leagues as wee lost the flood betwixt them But â—ot the Sea-mans better vnderstanding of this I conceiue it may bee made appeare by a familliar example nearer our owne doores and especially by both example and demonstration here
way 32 leagues nere Da 26 the S E by East the land of this North side meeting us bore from the E by N. to the N N West and is the Mayne or Iland betwixt the Iles of Gods Mercy and Salvage Iles all upon the North side of Fretum Hudson and nere those bearings of land my Latitude was 62 degrees 40 minutes From the last Meridian unto this I made way 13 leagues Da 27 E by S. and had I le Sackveile N E. by E 2 â— E. 7 leagues off at this present I had sight of the land from Resolution and it bore from me from the N N E. to the E. about 9 or more leag This day and night was fayre weather the one by sight of the Sun the other by the Moone although the wind came against our wils to the S E. by S. with a frostie fog turning up to the North land it was cleare but at Sea it was thicke and thus plying up to the Eastward came within 4 leagues of this land which lay from East to N N E. and was the same wee drived along immured amongst the Ice at our entrance inwards wee got little by plying with contrary winds and yet I durst not put into a Sound for harbour of which wee might perceive some as also Roade-steeds made by Ilands lying nere the Mayne our weather side was froze as also all our ropes were a quarter of an inch thicke about The wind continued contrary and I stood off into the Da 28 Channell and on againe with frostie fogge and very cold but the wind blew not to above Course and Bonnet this day Moneths September I appointed 4 beefe dayes in the weeke With wind contrary I plyed it to the Eastwards the Aire was both thicke and cleare as I was neere or farre off the North Maine sometime it blew to both topsailes and sometime was eafie winde The evening 8. I stood to the S. ward being S. W. from the E. point of the N. land stretching toward Resolution 4 leagues I stood over untill this day clocke Da 30 one S. S. E. wreck and variation allowed 28 leag at what time we thought we had sight of the S. Maine about S. W. by S. 5. leagues off very high land This night was hazie and blew to Course and Bonnet comming betweene 2 Ilands of ice the Sea had beate much from off the weathermost which lay floting betwixt it and that to Leeward so as I loosed for one and bore up for another for the space of the 60 part of one houre and this was all the trouble the ice put me unto homeward bound This first day it blew lesse wind but all the morning was Da 1 Moneths October Snow the Lord for his mercy sake looke upon us for we are all in weake case dispairing more since this last frost and contrary winds that hath bin within these 5 dayes although the frost hath not beene uncouth to us then for the same weather we had for 3 weekes before and yet our allowance is enlarged to so much as we cannot eate with Sacke Aquavita Beere as well Oatemeale Meale Rice Pease and Beefe for salt fish our men can eate none nor doe I hold it fit they should These 2 dayes were spent in plying to the E. sometimes in Da 2 the sight of the N. land or Maine whereof lay 2 small Ilands Da 3 which we drive by as I drive inwards being then fast amongst the ice at 12 this day I tacked to the S. wards and at this instant the said land-bore from N W. by W. to the E. the Iland at the N. end by estimation was one league distant from the Maine that at the E. was 2 off This day hath been faire and cleere and it cleereth with bright Horizons at N. E. God send the wind from thence to take us out of those dilatory sufferings which we have more through lingring doubt of what wee shall feele then as yet we doe feele and expecting our freedome if wee were freed out of Fretum Hudson which upon a sodaine change wee may happely expect From last day noon unto this day 12 I stood upon a bowling Moneths October Da 4 making a S. E. way 31 leagues the wind Veering meâ—e Northerly I stood E. S. E. so neare as I could lie 20 leagues more and at midnight I had the Cape Chidly since called Buttons Ilands E. 4 leagues from me whereupon I stood to the North because I could not carry it about the Cape untill this day 5 in the morning and then tackt to the E. the Da 5 wind larging about to the Northward I doubled the Cape at clocke 12 weathering the same about 2 leagues having as at all headlands with Sea winds and cold weather a great Sea with an inset into Fretum Hudson against me that the shippe strucke in the Spritsaile yard and bowlspright under water I much fearing that the springing of our yards or Maâ—ts setled the topsailes so to ease them that I thought I did but double the Cape with much adoe it was high land consisting of diveâ—s ilands seeming as they were to bee sayled betwixt these were covered with Snow as also Resolution whose Cape Warwicke I see bearing N. and by W. at that instant after I had brought this Cape or Iles of Chidly W S. W. either the Tyde or Current did set me fast to the S. ward this day it froze so sore with the ships dipping in the Sea that our head and wet tackling were Canded over with Icesicles and many Snowie showres in earnest were sent from Boreas his frozen forge And for the haire of our faces to be of his hoary colour had been no noveltie to us these 4. weekes I stood from the Cape bearing S. E. ½ Southerly variation Da 6 and wreake allowed 51 leagues and 2 mile untill this noone time From thence untill this 12 E. by S. 54 leagues at what time Da 7 motion was made to come home in lesse sayle but answer was that I was not discharged as yet and therefore I would runne the ship out of victuall and pay for as yet I never durst carry sayle to see how fast I could drive Charles his Waine to the best advantage fearing that if I had sprung any of my Masts yards or tackling or wrong the ship it might have beene supposed I had done it upon purpose that then if I had stood need of excuse for feare or neglect I might have used that false colour blessed be the Almighty who never faileth those that depend on him truely this warmeth we find in the open Moneths October Ocean doth much revive us for truely if this extremity of the frost and snow had continued on with the Easterne winds we had within Fretum Hudson wee had beene constrained backe to have wintered in Hudsons Bay or else-where for the most of us were ready to fall downe with the rest that were downe already After I was
got cleere I had for some reasons thought to have home come by the N. but the weaknes of our persons the long nights the cold dark weather with the decayed Moone altered my purpose although the N. by Orkny was the shortest cut and so nearer some refreshing yet this being the warmer and in darke nights the more comfortable I directed the course to fall with the Iland of Silly having yet great care day and night specially to looke out for the Ice which I supposed might be set from off Groenland or out of Fretum Davis but God be thanked we see none after we came from the Cape The daily courses and distances homewards were followeth the wind as in the Margent Our sicke men are as yet able to doe nothing the Master is Da 8 laid downe againe wee had last night and especially this morning a whole storme the afternoon it faired and the wind came about with Sunne to the West wee carried both top sailes a trip This day considering the great want I found of the Boat Da 9 swaine our sayles and tackling being sore torne in this time he came not above Decke I placed John Coatesworth in his roome for his diligence This day was reasonable weather we made way the 8 day and this 56 leagues 2 miles E. S. E. ½ Southerly This day was top sayle Gale last night the wind Southering Da 10 made us hand them both we made from last 12 to this 49 leagues E. S. E. ½ S. the wind veered S. ward but staid not The wind was fickle but we made way E. S. E. 34. leagues Da 11 and were in 57 d. 35. latitude The wind variable our way S. E. by E. 27 leagues Da 12 After midnight the wind came to S. E. with much raine I Da 13 tooke in topsayles and clued up the foresaile forting the yard Armes thigh after clocke 4 the wind favouring came to S. W. and I made way by account as before 33 leagues South-East Moneths October This day the Master came abroad againe and not since the Da 14 7 day before the wind was all day about S. W. thicke and wet the true way traverse excepted of the last day and this was 47 leag S. E. by East Thicke fog and the way from last day to this 47 leagues Da 15 S. E by E. and at clocke 8 we were in 59. degrees 15 minutes latitude The way was S. E. 8. d. E. wards 36 leagues â— â— Da 16 The way 30 leagues E. S. E. Da 17 The way Veering 37 S. E. 4 d. E. wards Da 18 The way 57 S. E. 5 d. E. Da 19 The way 17 â— â— E. by N. Da 20 The way true course 26 E. Da 21 The way 28 â— â— E. 4. d. N. Da 22 The way 33 E. S. E. latitude 51 d. 16. m. Da 23 The way 42 E. Da 24 The way 35 E. 4 d. N. Da 25 The way 14 E. 4. N. latitude 50 d. 9 min. Da 26 These courses were all true variation allowed The way â—8 â— Da 27 This day in the morning I had sight of Siâ—â—iâ— distant foure leagues off Da 28 The 31 blessed be Almighty God I came into the Downes with all my men recovered and sound not having lost one Man nor Boy nor any manner of Tackling having beene forth neere 6 moneths all glory be to GOD. To whom this may concerne Answere to uncertaine rumors or aâ—â—ersions given forth against me concerning my returne home from the Northwest this yeare given at my home-comming AS wherefore I had not found the passage and why come I home and did not Winter hath he fulfilled his Commission how farre hath he beene and those that had more insight inquired whether I had beene North-West from Ile Nottingham or no with Why did hee not bring letters from Captaine Iames some concluding that I have done nothing I did attempt the Discovery towards the Northwest from the Iles of Nottingham and Saâ—iâ—bury about the midst of Julie and had at that time proceeded according to the letter of my Instruction if I had not beene prevented by these following meanes viz. 1 I had been immured with Ice from the first day of my entering Fretum Hudson being the 23 day of Iune vntill the 4 of Iuly following after which time I got cleere and comming unto Salisbury Isle I lay fast againe betweene the South and the North Maine about 7 dayes amongst ice where being neere the said Isle I could easily discerne the Tyde come from the East through Fretum Hudson and not from the Northwest 2 Getting cleere of the ice I trent about the said Isle to the South as also Nottinghams where sending the Boat on land brought word that it had flowed so much water as in my Iournall is mentioned of and that the water had more to flowe and after that running off into 60 fathomes and anchoring the Boat I found the Tyde come from the South-East or through Fretum Hudson 3 Standing along the said Isle to W. ward untill I brought the same I meane the W. end N. E. it began to be full of ice in the W. Channell betwixt Nottingham and Shark Point as before betwixt the North Maine and Salisbury so as the Master his Mate and my selfe conclude that there was no entring the said Northwest as yet or untill the ice was dissolved and to that point the Master and Mate wished me to write what I would concerning that impossibility of passage untill the ice were gone and they would signe the same promising that they would bee willing to see the same before their going home if no passage proved elsewhere to be found Whereupon considering that that Tyde came not from the North-West for certaine which is the absolute ground of my instructions but from South-East disproved also by Master Bylot who was in the same Voyage and ship with Sir Thomas Button saying that both he and all his Company did plainely see the Tyde come from S. E. at Cape Comfort and also the I le Nottingham averring that they which tooke that account were mistaken in the time taking 8 a clocke for 10. Now as it was not possible as yet to enter for ice the wind being liberall I directed the course towards Carie Swanâ—â—â— Nest hoping to follow the instructions in the search of Bâ—ttons and Hudsons Bay of which there was as great hopes as at the Northwest and were there as many and as strongly of that opinion as of the other and come backe againe thither by that time the ice was dissolved which I hoped would be about the fine of August or not at all if no passage proved in the said Bay to be had but finding none I proceeded from that search having first finished the search of the foresaid Bay as followeth in briefe Being come out of Hudsons Bay and Anchoring at Sharke Point I found the Ebbe to goe with good Current from the West but
opposite the reason is that the land to the N N W. is the furthest remote all open towards the Pole where these windes Eastwards off N. doe blow but from Greeneland and the N. Cape at furthest whose greatest distance being not above 370 leagues must want space to raise his swelling motion but contrary at the entrance into our Channell from W. you shall have a coÌ„tinuall set into Sleeve which showes the distances of land to be far to the W. and S. wards and the like must be granted to this set of Francis Gauls and also by that current that set la Tore to Tidore it must come out of a wide Sea from the N E. And for knowing when thou art through be assured thou shalt have as great a Sea from the del Zur as from the W. into our Sleeve and the strength of tide along the coast will leave thee then thou shalt not feare to direct thy course to Tartaria Cataia or Jaâ—on It may also be said that the Articke Circle is farre N. and that it will be frost Icy and cold and that there is but two moneths in the yeare to make this triall for in the rest it will not be nauigable I answere that the Articke circle is not so farre N. as the Cape of Finmarke neere in 73 d. where there is few or no Ice at any time and thereby it is Navigable at all times but that there is no trading in winter besides the Sunne having great declination South it is all night But what is this to the Sea that is cleare of Ice the like may this be for any yet knowne for after I went from Swannes Nest I see no yce to the N. nor doe I thinke there was any to the West for the winde blowing from the ayre was as warme as in England in the latter end of August and the land had no snow thereon although it be very high land and surely is inhabited for else how could there have beene so many corps inwalled at Sir Thomas Roes Welcome yet passing from hence S. ward into the bay it was colder and yet warme enough And for those Ice which are ingendred in this shallow sandy Bay is but as in other places in Europe nere the same Latit for those that have gone timely into the Balticke Sea hath found yce comming out of the Sound and it is no marvaile to see the same froze over which in those parts is as usuall as to have a noose to have the shipping froze all the whole winter therein and for waggons to goe in winter where Ships â—aile in Sommer for many miles for it is well knowne that those Sandy Easterne low countreys as Sprutia Denmarke Frisland and the Neather lands are in winter subiected to violent frost then why should not wee allow this low sandy countrey and Bay the like being about the same parallell and a Bay as the Balticke is also from thence which Latit where it freezeth so hard is from 52 to 57d but elevate the Pole to 73 d. there at that time of winter in the same continent there is no yce but that you may saile Sea free into the coast of Russia why shuld then this our Westerne passage be denyed of as good an opinion but that it may be Sea free as well as theirs to saile into the Mare del Zur to Cathaia being doubtlesse to the Southward of that parallell these a places of Europe and America thus answering one another both in quality and clime Goe to Iseland as the Fishers doe now in March the North part lying in the Articke circle and yet those Fishermen are not so troubled with Ice but that they can saile about it and for the yce they finde there they conceive to be ingendred in the Bayes Rivers and Inlets of Groneland and not about the Iland nor in the Sea It now appeares as I said before that this country doth but comply with those countries Eastward and the like may be expected by them that is found by the other nor can this channell be narrow that in 6 poynts of the compasse being but 4 howres ½ of time to wit from Sir Thomas Roes Iland to Port Nelson doth send a flood and ebbe it backe againe along the coast for 150 leag knowne in so short time and this to accord with the Moone To remonstrate this by example Admit I were sent out of Russia to discover a land that I have heard lyeth farre S W. which supose to be Atlantis or America now it must be thought that I know of noland to the W. of Europes continent and therefore when I am come about the C. of Finmarke I direct my course to the S. and W. wards as soone as the land will give me leave For I doe know that it doth trent so and that the coast of Norway is bonded with an Ocean now bending towards to the W. of S. not knowing of great Brittaine I direct my I course gainest as I conceive imagining that at shall meet with no land to the W. of Europe but thinking thus to proceede I finde the land to meet mee to the W. as I thought to have sailed to wit the coast of great Brittaine and there I finde a tide going along the land to the S. ward I follow this coast hopeing it may cast about to the W. and as I proceede so doth this tide keeping the height of his water still so by this ebbing and flowing course and Latit I doe assure it to my selfe that it cannot be any part of the maine continent of Europe nor adioyning thereunto and thus persuing to the S. in long distance I finde that this tyde doth still continue his height of water so by that I speede on with more comfort at length I come betwixt a maine lands and doubting some alteration or imbayment I keep still the W. side for thereby I must obtaine my intent if at all but now when I come to make triall of my tyde I find it hath left mee which to fore convayed me many leag along this unknowne coast and now my tide of flood commeth from the W ward and against me as I should â—ayle shall I not then assure my selfe that in pursuing against this tyde that it will bring me into a new Ocean by which I shall obtaine my desire which is the Atlanticke Sea yea and I shall find it so for as that tide which came along with me from the N. out of the Sea which I have failed from will direct me back againe into the same Sea so shall this new tide from the W. in following his ebbe bring me into his Ocean or the Atlantick which I desire Even so may this tide of mine in persuing his ebbe from the place where I found it first bring me into the Mare aâ—l Zur Againe a Comparison fained to be sailed into a Sea through our owne Kingdome from the East Sea to the West ADmit I come from Hambrough or
this I leave to Capt. Goodlade whose great experience this way and to the E. ward thereof is the best able to supply or confute if he be pleased so to shew himselfe From the Pole to the knowne Coast of China in Asia latit 50 d. is but 800 leag more and yet the most Cosmographers have extended the land of Tartaria and Scythia N. ward to the 60. 70. and 80 Parralell Septentrionall latitude and on the America side is discovered to the 50d So that the greatest distance is but 1400 leag nearer by one third part then any other of the S. My pen and selfe now is growne weary and hoping some other brave Spirit will enter the Lists and attempt the Enterprize I rest FINIS To the Wor pfull the Masters VVardens and Assistants of the Trinity-Houses but especially to these of Dedford-Strand and Kingstone upon Hull with their whole CORPORATIONS WORSHIPFVLL GENTLEMEN ANd Foster Fathers of my Academie I present you heere neither with Iasons voyage to Colcos nor the Golden fleece as yet but with the best of my endeavours to the North-west which wee poore Discoverers are so â—eered about with so much Phylosophy as though these Voyages have spent so much time and treasure as it is not able to redeeme it selfe by being guld with the false Sea cards or fabulous reports of strangers for no Nation in the World knoweth so much of this as your selves nor neede wee neither the arguments of Phylosophy to examine so much variety and that so various as the Schoole-men finde out nor for their inquisitions or disquisitions their Mr. Aristotle did not know what time since his hath brought forth and since him wee have almost found out the reason for the Tide about which some of them have writ he drown'd himself because he could not nor you neede not got to the N. W. passage to seeke the Philosophers-stone having one of your owne by which you have angled levelled and brigged over the Ocean from this Monarch to the furthest East and West the touch thereof hath made you attended home as the shadow the substance with the Tawny Peruian and the Sunne-burnt Black-moore Affricans Gold the rich Sparkling Diamond the night shining Carbunckle the Physicall Beazer the Emerald Saphire and the Orient Indian Pearle adorning the Lilly necks of the most dainâ—iest Ladies with other of pleasure and price besides the Drugges Vigitables Simples and Balsoms for health and all these and farre more â—emmâ— of wealth and treasure hath the vertue of your Adamant stone exported hither to the enriching and honouring of our Nation I pray that when this abortive shall come to your view that you passe over its deformity and imperfections which nature in hast stampt it into in which it still remayneth both for want of meanes and Art and your private admonition shall cause me amend it at the next Edition for with this I am glad I have not overcharged the presse as fearing the worst part of which is already befalâ—e in Erataes for which if I should excuse my selfe I know both the Compositor and the Correcter will witnesse with me in taking the fault upon themselves I have done my endevour to correct the most palpable as mistaking words or non-sence which not being acquainted with our Sea termes they might easily commit and for the faults in letters I know your Arithmetick can make whole numbers of Fractions if these faults had beene committed by my selfe in the Copie I might with some reason have pleaded an excuse being no Scholler and having had no helpe which I did knâ—w was very needfull but was not able to buy it and I was told it would not be had for naught especially by the Scholler that was acquainted with the language of the Sea therefore now I feele the want of Mr. Hackluit and so I doubt will others in time to come who for the good of his Country stored those Journals at his owne charge Whereupon not knowing otherwise how to proceede I was enforced with such Tackling Cordage and Raftage as I had to Rigge and Tackle this ship my selfe I hope shee will saile the better in this Trimmâ— if you be pleased to conduct her which I doubt not but you will having heretofore observed your favours in cherishing and preferring young Sea-men with your charity 〈◊〉 others not onely in your Almes-deeds to the Fatherlesse and Orphans but your continuall maintinance with all necessaries to aged poore Widdowes and decayed Mariners your compassion and reliefe to the distressed ship-wrackt-Seamen farre from home and others your priviledge to â—aiâ—â—ed Men with the right in Justice you dot to those that are not able to wage law for the same deserveth to be inrolled amongst the greatest acts of Christian charitie And for that your helpefull care towards my furnishing 〈◊〉 with all materials for this service your loving aspects and bounty since my home comming hath obliged me to acknowledge your favours with thankes I desire your kind acceptance and the rather because it is the Present of your younger Brother Lvke Foxe Resensui librum hunc cui titulus est Northwest Foxe in quo nihil reperio quò minùs cum utilitate publicâ Imprimatur modò intra sex menses proximè sequentes typis mandetur Decemb. 1. 1634. Sa. Baker R. P. D. Episcopo Londinensi Cap. domest Errata Pag Li For Reade 259 15 South Sea   60. 10. 64. 10. 261 36 St. Lowrence Laresnesse  3â— Hull Soale   Hambro Haisbrough 2â—2 2 why we why may wee not  4 treâ—ted treâ—t 264 38 any yet any thing yet 266 10 gainest at gainest   at shall at I shall It seemeth K. Aâ—thur passed yâ— North Cape of Finmarke Whale-fiâ—â—ing hath beene of long conâ—â—â—ance The Frost lâ—steth 9. Months Estotoland Man eaters 3. Salvages brought home June 15. July 20. Savage theeves Salmon Flesh Fish His boate and 5 men lost He betraies one Salvage The spight of a Salvage Possession Gold Oare Lat. 59. 46. July Lat. 61. Great Current August A mistake August Salvages come on shipboard Women marked A Surprise September October May. June July July Iackman Mrs. Mate Sea Vnicorne They tooke a Dog A conflict A woman and â—â—â—ld taken Barbarous Surgery Slavage Modesâ—y August A King Great Canoes 120. Persons appointed to inhabite Metaincognita 3 Ships was appointed to be left for yâ— use of the Inhabitants Freezeland June July It flowes 10. Fatham Current N. E Whirlepoole July This doth argue that this Streight doth goe through Groeneland into Fretum Davis This 15. leag was to the E. from Land and this hullling must be neerâ— some indraft If so I am perswaded the S. part of Groenland is all Ilands If this Iland were found againe there is great store of Fâ—â—h about â—â— Thought to find it betwixt Frobrishers 62 and Câ—bots 58. as I suppose June July This water came from land for certaine Wooll like Beaver The Savages came Leather well dressed Muscovy-glasse A red Berry