The people about this Country observe that when Hengsten top is capped with a cloud a shower followeth soon after The Country men in Cornwall are great eaters of Garlick for healths sake whence they call it there the Country mans Treacle The cement or morter of the walls of Tintogell Castle resist the fierceness of the weather better then the stones The Town of Bodmin is held a very unhealthfull place and the cause of it they say is for that it hath one street a mile in length running due East and West on the South side whereof it hath a great high hill that hides the Sun from it and their Back-houses as Kitchins Stables c. are climbed up to by steps and every great shower washeth the Sulledge of them through the houses into the streets and which is more their Conduit water runs through the Church yard It will not be a miss to add here out of our Authour an odde presage of the Cornish rebellion in the time of Edward the sixth which happened in this Town of Bodmin About a year before that rebellion the Scholars of Bodmin School grew into two factions the one as they call it for the old religion the other for the new and this quarrell was prosecuted with some eagerness sundry times till by an unhappy accident no other then the killing of a Calfe during the beardless conflict complaint was made to the Master and so the play ended Which presage is seconded with severall others of the like nature out of ancient modern history but to impercinent to our design and too tedious to be here related In Saint Cleeres parish in Cornwall there are upon a plain six or eight Stones such as are upon Salsbury plain which like them two will be mistaken in the telling so that when they are told over a gain they will be found over or under the first number A thing that happens no doubt meerIy by their confused standing There is a story that passes concerning Saint Kaines well in this County which is that whosoever drinks first of the water be it husband or vvife gets the mastery A fit fable for the vulgar to believe At Hall near Foy there is a Fagot vvhich is all one piece of vvood naturally grovvn so and it is wrapped about the middle vvith a bond and parted at ends into four sticks one of which sticks is subdivided into two others It was carefully preserved and painted over that it might keep the better for many years by the Earl of Devon being reckoned a fore-token of his progeny For his Estate saith Mr. C. is now come into the hands of four Cornish Gentlemen one of whose Estates is likewise divided between two Heirs An Earthen Pot was found many years ago near Foy gilded and graved with Letters in a great Stone Chest and full of a black Earth the Ashes 't is like of some ancient Roman In Lanhadron Park there grows an Oake that bears Leaves speckled with white and so doth another called Painters Oak in the Hundred of East It is certain saith our Author that divers ancient Families in England are pre-admonished of their end by Oaks bearing of strange leaves There are two Lakes not far asunder nor far from St. Agnes Hil in this shire whereof the one wil live and Fish thrive in but not in the other By Helford is a great Rock lying upon the ground and the top of it is hollow like the long half of an Egg. This they say holdeth water which ebbeth and floweth with the Sea And indeed saith Mr. C. when I came hither to see this curiosity the Tide was half gone and the Pit or hollowness half empty There is a Rock in this shire called Mainamber which is a very great one and yet so laid upon lesser Rocks that the push of a finger will sensibly move it to and fro but not all the strength which men can make can remove it from the place The Cliffs to the Westward of St. Jes in Cornwall have streaks of a glittering colour like Copper which shew as if there were a likelihood of finding Copper there An exceeding big Carcass of a man was found by Tinners digging at a Village near the Lands end called Trebegean Hitherto I have borrowed all I have written save onely my conjectures at the causes out of Mr. Carew's ingenious Book called The Survey of Cornwall published in the year 1602. What Cambden and others say over and above is as followeth The chief time of the swarming as one would say of Pilchards about the shores of Cornwall is from July to November at which time they are taken garbaged salted and hanged in the smoak laid up and pressed and so carryed away and sold in France and other Countreys In the Rocks at the Lands end at a low Water are found Veins of white Lead and brass At St. Michael's Mount at low ebbs one may see Roots of mighty Trees in the Sands which shews that there hath been overflowing of the sea upon this coast hereabout as it appeareth also to have been about Plymouth Haven and other places adjoyning And it is manifest that the sea hath devoured much Land upon the coast of Cornwall towards Silley Islands For between the Lands end and Silley the sea is all of an equal depth of about 40. or 60. fathom Water being about 30 Miles in length onely in the mid way there lyes a Rock called the Gulf. The cause of the devouring of this Land by the sea I conceive to be its being a Promontory lying open to the merciless stormes and weather and withall lying in a place where two currents meet and part I mean the Tide as it comes in and returns out of the Sleeve or narrow Seas and the Irish Seas and Seavern the rolling and force of the Sea being apt to carry before it all that stands in its vvay according to the proportion that its own strength bears to the yeeldingness of the object But the cause why the Gulf rock was not washed away with the rest is because it was of too stubborn a matter and too fast founded in the Earth Nor can I think but that the Silley Islands were once all parts of the main Land of England and the like I conceive of Heysant in France an Isle lying before the Promontory of Britain but severed by degrees each from other and all from the Continent by the means above-mentioned At Stratton in Cornwall grows the best Garlick in all the Countrey It may be old Mr. Chamond before spoken of owed part of the cause of his great age to his living so near the best Garlick the Countrey man's Treacle On the shore of this shire about 30. or 40. years ago was a huge Mass of Ambergrise found by a poor Fisherman a story very famous and frequent in the mouths of several persons of credit and quality DEVONSHIRE THE west of this Shire being that which borders upon Cornwall is stored with Tin Mines
that you cannot sever them without breaking though they are distinguished with a perfect line I believe they were all knit together in such Columnes at first even those which are found single and that they were severed by frost or some such piercing cause Being told of these Rarities so nigh me I took a journey to see the place and gathered many of the stones and found them such as I have told you Being put into Vinegar they have a motion as other Astroites have though not so lively I suppose because of the shortness and roundishness of their points in the form of which I conceive lyes a great part of the cause of their motion Some of these stones like the stones at Alderly are deficient in their figure and have the defect supplied or rather Super-supplied with a rugged formless matter hard like it self I observed that the ground is a miry deep rotten Clay and extream bad way in Winter and which I wondred most of all at there were here and there great Pebbles as big as a mans fist or thereabout mingled with this rotten earth and by enquiry I found that this mixture of Pebbles was not from any mending of the high way but the meer originall nature of the Earth for I found these Pebbles in the fields as well as in the high ways So that since this thwarts what we said but now of Pebbles being the naturall companions of gravelly land we are willing to grant that as in Grammar so in naturall philosophy there is no general rule without an exception Query Whether in other places where the Star-stones are found as about Shugbury in Warwickshire and Belvoir Castle in Leicestershire the earth be so rotten deep and miry and withall whether there be any such great Pebbles mixed with it as here and in particular enquire At Purton passage over the River of Seavern where the shore as it is reported yieldeth these Star-stones also but they are bigger and the Columnes of them longer then at Lassington And indeed accordingly it is delivered to me as a miry ousy shore in some places and a quicksand in others very dangerous for horse and man at low water and one of the worst passages over the River at those times At Puckle Church about 6 miles from Bristol they dig a kind of Stone that is hard blewish broad and about halfe a foot thick and so even and the sides so parallel to each other as if nature had intended it for Tombestones The stones are many of them of a very great breadth and lye some six or seven of them one under another in bed and of about the same thickness all of them and then they come to a light blewish Clay belowwhich is no more of this stone to be found The uppermost bed of the stone lyes very near to the surface of the earth so that in one place near the Town in the high way a man rides for ten peirches or more as if he rode upon a pavement of broad stone or rather upon one entire stone OXFORDSHIRE THis County saith Speed hath a wholesome temperate air and rich soil There are in one place of this shire Stones set up in a round Circle like the Stonehenge called Rollrich stones The City of Oxford is a very healthfull place which Cambden thinks is because it is defended from the South wind and the West but lyes open to the North-East and East wind On the descent of Heddenton hill near Oxford rises a spring which runs down towards Kingsmill a mill so called lying over against Magdalen Colledge It is reported that this spring hath a petrifying quality and will in some short time if a stick be laid in it either turn it into stone or wrap it in a stony crust BUCKINGHAMSHIRE IN this Shire grows Beech in greater plenty then in any at least most Counties of England and it grows most in the Chalky parts of it The Sheep in the Vales of this Shire saith Speed have most excellent fine and soft fleeces About Marlow when their land is worn out they make it rich again with Chalking of it so that it bears corn abundantly Bedfordshire Hartfordshire BEdfordshire saith Speed hath temperate air and in the North good soile but the South not so good yet it is excellent good for Barley So that this County as also her next neighbour Hartfordshire hath the name for the best Barley in the Eastern parts of England In the year 1399 just before the warrs brake out between the two illustrious Roses of York and Lancaster on New years day the deep River that passeth between Suelstone and Harwood two villages not far from Bedford Town called Ouse suddenly ceased its course and stood still so that forward men passed three miles together on foot in the very depth of the Channell and backward the waters swelled up to a great height which some judicious men observing conceived was an ill omen of that division which followed shortly after between K. Richard the second and his people I dare not be surety for the truth of every circumstance of this story yet I believe the main of it may be true But I cannot conceive how so strange a thing should come about unless it were by a sudden frost the time of the year being seasonable for it which might congeal those waters that fed the stream at their first issuing out of the earth at the head of the River the rest of the water in the mean time passing away down because being in motion they were not so capable of congelation Notwithstanding the story mentions not a word of frost which peradventure might be the cause of it for all that the custome of those that tell such strange stories being prudently to conceale those particulars that are likely to bewray the naturall cause and spoil the miracle It being as naturall to the generality of visible creatures to love being the Authors of wonderfull relations as to laugh There was in time past an odd story of K. Offa's leaden Tomb which was once in Bedford Town that it appears often to them that esek it not but cannot be seen of them that seek it But whether the report continue still I know not At Aspley-Gowiz near Woburn is an earth that they say turneth wood into stone and that a woodden ladder was to be seen in the Monastery hard by which having lien a good while covered all over with it was digged out again all stone Dunstable stands upon a Chalky ground having four streets in each of them it hath a pond which is fed with rain and hath no Spring for they have never a well in the Town under twenty four Cubits deep and yet these ponds are never dry In our remembrance saith Cambden near Fishpoole-street in Saint Albans certain Anchors were digged up This is a very strange thing indeed and very well worth the Ventilating It puts me in mind of what the Poet Ovid sings in the
plentifully because Herbarists say that they are a distinct sort of Pease differing from our common Garden and Field-Pease and love to grow on such desert shores near the sea side as is said before in Kent about Sandwich and Dengeness where they grow every year and never miss Ralph Coggeshall an old Author reports that near Oxford about the year 1187. a fish in all parts like a man was taken and kept 6 months in the Castle there whence he escaped again to sea Story saith he was taken in a Fisher-mans Net A story much like this we have in the life of Periskius written by the learned Gassendus which compared with this makes me give a little credit to that which Pliny reports that a Triton or Man-fish was taken on the shore of Portugal and that another was caught in the streights of Gibraltar But I give not the like credit to the fable of Nubrigensig touching two green boys of the kind of Satyres that should rise out of the ground at Wulpit coming from the Antipodes NORFOLK THis County hath a sharp air especially in in the Champian and near the Sea and the Spring and Harvest are late The soil is in many places good but it is generally Olayie or a fat Chalk And though it be healthy in some places yet by compasture of sheep the heaths are made mighty rich for Corn and when they are laid again from bearing of Corn they yeild a sweeter and more plentiful feed for sheep This County also yeilds good store of Honey and Saffron but the best Saffron is about Walsingham The inhabitants of this Countrey as Cambden relates are observed to be naturally very capable of the niceties and quirks of the Law and those of them that bend their studies that way prove generally the best Lawyers They are also he saith of a passing good complexion In the shore of this County every September is a great fishing for Herings it being the nature of that Fish in great shoals to dance out once a year about our Island and keep its duetime season upon the same shores unless its course be a little retarded by storms and foul weather coming from the Sea into our narrow Seas by the North of Scotland and going out again by the Lands end of Cornwall and taking this shore in its way in September It is reported that Herings are no where more plentiful then on the coast of England The River Bure in this shire is incredibly full of fish For the finding out the cause of this enquiry should be made what kind of soil the head springs issue from and what kind of shore it washes Generally the slowest Rivers caeteris paribus are fullest of fish And this I take to be one reason why the Thames is more pisculent or ful of fish then the Severn The River Yare by Norwich is very full of a kind of fish called Ruffes which saith Cambden have a body all over rough with sharp pricky fins It delights in sandy places like the Perch and is as big in colour brown and duskish above but of a palish yellow beneath it is marked by the chaws with a double course of half circles the eye for the upper half of it is of a dark brown for the nether part of it somewhat yellowish the ball of it black and there is a line goes along the back which is fastened to the body as it were with an overthwart thred it is all spotted over the tail and fins with black speckles when the fish is angry the finnes stand up stiff and after its anger is over they fall flat again It is a very wholesom Fish and eats tender and short and tastes like a Perch One cause of its tenderness I conceive to be its roughness without and the sharp prickliness of its finnes Even as it is probable that the tenderness of venison is caused by the seperation of so great a quantity of hard matter as the hornes of the beast consist of from the Mass of the body This Ruffe is a very rare fish to be found in other Rivers Query whether the banks of Rivers that produce peculiar fish do not produce peculiar plants because the peculiarity of the fish seems to proceed from a peculiar tincture of the Water which it cannot have but from the earth St. Bennets in the Holm hath such fenny and rotten ground about it that saith Cambden if a man cut up the Roots or Strings of Trees c. it floteth aloft on the Water and follows one whithersoever he pleases Hereabouts also are Cockles and Periwinkles sometimes digged up out of the earth which makes some think that formerly it was overflowed with the sea The ground about Winterton like that of Bricatium in Africk mentioned by Pliny is the richest fattest rottenest and easiest to plough of any in England Upon the shore of this shire Jeat and Amber are often found and sometimes Hawks are taken Cambridgeshire THis County by reason of the Fennes hath but a sickly air The soile yields very good Barly and good store of Saffron The herb called Scordium or Water-Germander groweth very plentifully in the Fenns Of this they make that well known Cordiall and Diaphoretick called Diascordium In the Country about the Fenns saith Speed water-Fowle is so plentifull and cheap that five men may be wel satisfied with that kind of fare for less then a half penny In the Fenns when they have mowen their lid as they call it that is their grass which is exceeding ranke as much as will serve their turns they set fire on the rest in November that it may come up again in abundance An Advertisement for Grasiers in other Counties Huntingtonshire THe hilly part of this County is for the plough and the valley for pasture which is reckoned as good as any in England The inhabitants burn much turfe which they have in good plenty from the adjacent moors At Ayleweston in this shire are two little Springs the one fresh the other somewhat brackish The latter they say is good for Scabs and Leprosie and the other for dim sights Wittlesmere-lake and other Meers near it in this Shire do somtimes in calme and fair weather suddenly rise tempestuously with water-quakes by reason as some think of vapours breaking violently out of the earth Which may well be for the ground near it is rotten and hollow The Natives that dwell about these Meers are heathfull and live very long but strangers are subject to much sickness Northamptonshire THis County hath a wholesome air and a very rich soile By Collyweston in this shire slate stones are digged The River Nen runs by the South side of Peterborough in the middle of which as William of Swaffham saith is a gulfe so deep and cold withall that even in Summer no swimmer is able to dive to the bottom of it yet in is never frozen in Winter for there is a Spring in it whence the water always riseth and bubbleth up
were fallen into it some part of them ash some part of them stone Worcestershire THis is a very pleasant County and fertile especially the vale of Evesham In some parts of it are many Salt Pits and Salt Springs It affords store of excellent Cheese The hedge-rows and high-ways are beset with Pear-trees of which they make Perry a very pleasant drink but generally very cold and windy But saith Cambden although the Pears be in such huge abundance yet are they not so pleasing to the tast Which if it be true I much wonder at it For certainly there is much reason to believe that where fruit trees are planted in hedgerows and highways their fruit should be better rellishred then fruit of the same kind planted in Orchards within the shade of other trees because those in hedgerows lye more open to the Sun and that heat that must concoct them to give them their true relish though on the other side I deny not that they are more subject to bsasting winds The Seavern here affords great store of fresh water Lampreyes they are saith Cambden like Eeles slippery and blackish but under their bellies something blew they have no gills but let in the water at seven holes on each side of their throat in the Spring they are sweetest and most etable for in Summer the inner nerve which serves them instead of a backbone waxeth hard The Italians make a delicate dish of them taking a Lamprey and killing it in Malmesey they close the mouth with a Nutmeg and fill all the holes with as many cloves then they roll it up and put 〈◊〉 Nut-kernels stamped crums of bread oyle Malmesey and Spices to it and so they boile it with great care and then turn it over a soft gentle fire of Coals in a frying pan The reason why Seavern affords Lampreys I conceive is its muddiness the Lamprey being a kind of Eele that breeds and delights in mire Other fish as is before said Seavern breeds not so plentifully because as men thrive best in clear air so sish in clear water gross air choaking the one and thick water the other At Droitwich are three Fountains of Salt water divided by a little Brook of fresh water passing between by the boiling of which Salt water they make pure white Salt Gervase of Tilbury an Historian not rashly to be credited saith that these salt Springs are most salt between Christmas and Midsummer and that the rest of the year they are somewhat fresh and not so good to make Salt of and that when the Salt water is run sufficiently for the use of the Country the Springs do scarce overflow to any wast and that at the greatestSaltness of it it is not allayed by the nearness of the fresh water to it and lastly that it is found no where near the Sea Cambden doubts the truth of some of these affirmations but of which he saith not Onely he saith that the Salt is made from Midsummer to Midwinter which is quite contrary to Gervase Indeed if there be any difference in the saltness of these waters in severall times of the year they should I think be fresher from Christmas to Midsummer because that half year all Springs but land Springs are highest run most plentifully by reason of the great wet season immediately foregoing which must therefore more dilute the salt And on the contrary the Springs between Midsummer and Christmas must be the lower because of the drought just preceding I have heard Masons in Kent that used to dig wells say that the Springs that feed their wells are lowest about Alhollantide and highest between Easter and Whitsuntide for the very same reason I could wish some ingenuous native would bestow upon us the perfect History of these Salt Springs in Worcestershire and Cheshire Some Philosophers trouble themselvs much about the cause of the Saltness of the Sea I think it needs not so much puzzle and ado If there bee salt Springs that run continually into the Sea and no part of the saltness of the water but that which is meer fresh ascend in vapour at the Suns call why should not the Sea be and continue salt There would rather be more fear lest the Sea should grow salter and salter by these Springs continually running into it but that the Salinae on severall shores of the world do rob it every day besides other losses it sustains and escapes that it makes through private passages in the earth There is a report of a medicinall Water found out lately about Eckington-Bridge about 7 miles from Worcester Staffordshire THe air of this shireis very healthfull yet in the North parts and Moreland it is very sharp the wind blowing cold and the snow lying long It affordeth good store of Albaster Iron Pit-Coale Which is thought to be the Lapis Obsidianus of the Ancients if it be at all in England for it is hard bright light and easie to be cloven in flakes and being once kindled it burns away very quickly And Fish whereof the River of Trent is full The meadows of this shire are so moistned withstreams and rivers runningby them that they look green in the middle of winter In Pensneth Chase is a Coal-Pit which saith Cambden was set on fire by a Candle through the negligence of a digger the smoak of it is commonly seen and sometimes the flame In this shire there runs a hill a long and so through the middle of England as far as Scotland like the Apennine in Italy In this shire they manuretheir land with Lime-stone The people about Wotton by Wolverhil in Moreland observe that when the wind sets West it always produces rain but the East and South wind which elsewhere brew and bring rain here bring fair weather unless the wind turn from the West into the South and this they ascribe to the nearness of the Irish Seas This observation I fear is somewhat imperfect and should be driven a little further by men able to make observation If the River Dove overflow its banks and run into the adjoyning meadows in Aprill it makes them extream fruitfull The reason of this is plain enough without further enquiry Indeed some Rivers overflowing their banks enrich more and others less according to the fatness or hungryness of their water The River Dove uses to rise extreamly within twelve hours space but it will within the space of twelve hours return again within its banks but Trent being once up and over its banks flows over the fields four or five days together ere the supersluous waters can get away Of this wee have given an account already speaking of the Thames and Seavern The little River Hans runs under ground for three miles together Cambden saith that Necham speaks of a Lake in Staffordshire but where it is he cannot tell that foreshews things to come by its roaring and no wild beast will enter into it but he thinks it is but a Fable And Gervase of Tilbury tells us of
at which time they are at the fattest From thence they com to the East coast of England and from the middle of August to November is the best taking them between Scarborough and the Thames mouth Afterwards by some great storme they are carried into the British Sea and there till Christmas are caught by Fishermen in their nets From hence dividing themselves and swimming along both sides of Ireland after they have coasted round about Britain they take their course into the North Seas again as their home and there they rest till June where after they have cast their spawn and gotten a young fry they return again as before To this doth that of St. Ambrose agree where he saith that Fishes in infinite numbers swim together and make towards the blasts of the North wind and by a certain instinct of nature hasten into the Sea of the North parts And thus saith he they swim through Propontis into Pontus Euxinus At Whitbay are Serpents or snakes of stone found Query whether the soile be such thereabout as I have described it about Alderley in Glocestershire as also whether there be any difference in the shape colour or bigness of the one or the other Wild Geese flying over cettain fields near Whitbay in the Winter time to pools and Rivers that are not frozen in the South parts suddenly fall to the ground from a secret antipathy as is thought Upon the shore by Moulgrave Castle is found Feat It grows among the Cliffs and Rocks where they gape asunder Before it be polished it is of a reddish rusty colour but after it is of an excellent black as every one knows It is said by some of the Ancients that jeat put into water will take fire and burn and that oyl quencheth it but experience tells usit is not so At Skengrave a little Village in Cleaveland in the Northriding of the shire about the year 1535. a Triton or Manfish was taken as it is reported that for certain days together fed upon raw fish but espying his opportunity he got away to Sea again ans was seen no more Upon this shore by Skengrave whensoever it is calme and the Sea as it were levell there is heard many times on a sudden an horrible and fearfull groaning as it were a great way off at which time the fishermen dare not lanch out into the deep Near unto Hunt-cliffe upon the same shore and not far from the shore there appear certain Rocks about which the Seal-fishes meet together to sleep and Sun themselves And upon that Rock that is next the shore one of the Seals lyes to keep Centinell and as any man approacheth he either throws down a big stone or tumble himselfe into the water with a great noise as a signall to the rest to awake and get into the water They are not afraid of women but onely of men and therefore they that will catch them put on womens apparell When they are chased by men if they be destitute of water they will with their hinder feet fling backward a cloud of sand and gravell in the faces and eyes of their pursuers Yea and many times drive them away making them weary of their design by this means Upon the same shore are found stones some yellow some reddish some with a rough cast crust over them of a Salt matter which by their smell and tast make shew of Copperas Nitre and Brimstone Here are also great store of Marcasites in colour resembling brass At Huntly Nab at the roots of the craggy Rocks that are there upon the shore there lye stonesskattering here and there of diverse bignesses so artificially and yet naturally round that one would think they had been turned for shot for great Ordnance In which if you break them you shall find stony Serpents wrapped round that is just in the forme of the Aderley and Keynsham snakes but most of them are headless The way to break them is by heating them red hot in the fire and then quenching them in cold water for by that means they will fall asunder of themselves These stones if that which I have be of this sort and he that gave it me assured me it was are within of a pellucid whitish matter like Alabaster though not so white and are on the out side covered over with a coat so absolutely like brass that I think they cannot be distinguished The outward form of them is just like the Glocestershire stones with a spine and ribbs The stone that I have is about an inch in Diameter but I have seen two or three more that were near two inches in Diameter I have another stone somewhat like this I speak of but it is not above a Barley corn in Diameter It hath a brassy coat and is wreathed snake-like as the other But it is not pellucid within nor so light coloured and withall it hath no Spine but instead of it four rows of prickles very curiously wrought and it is much bigger toward the head and lesser at the taile then the other Whether it were found at the same place with the other I know not neither did the giver tell me There is a place in Provence in France near the mouth of the Rhosne called the Stone field where several acres are covered with such stones exactly round the like is in the Island Cuba in America but whether there be Serpents in them or no I never heard nor read Gisburgh is much commended for a healthfull place far exceeding Puteoli in Italy The land about it is very fertile and beareth flowers a great part of the year and is withall extraordinary full of veins of metall and Alume earth of sundry colours but especially of Ochre and Murray As also ofIron out of which saith my Author Cambden they have begun to try very good Alume and Coperas These veins of earth Sir Thomas Chaloner Prince Henry his Tutor first discovered by observing that the leaves of the trees were of a more weak green colour here then elswhere that the Oaks had their roots spreading broad but very ebbe or shallow within the earth which had much strength but small store of sap and that the earth standing upon clay and being of diverse colours whitish yellowish and blew was never frozen and in a clear night glittered in the paths like glass Almost at the top of Roseberry-topping a very high hill hard by Gilsburgh there is a Spring of water coming out of a huge Rock medicinable for fore eyes It is likely to be an oily water When Roseberry-topping hath a cloudy cap on there commonly follows rain Whence this rimeing Proverb is very frequent with the people When Roseberry-topping wears a Cap Let Cleaveland then beware a clap The River Recall hides it self under ground near Elmesly in this Riding Abundance of Springs rise together at Hinderskell a little Castle near Sherry-Hutton Castle The hills in Richmondshire are well stored with Lead Copper and Pit-Coals And on the