from the Shoars of Dithmarsh to the West Heretofore four German Miles in Compass but in 800. a great part of it perished by a Tempest and in 1300 another part of what was left before was swallowed up by the Ocean which in its Rage sometimes casts away Islands like common Vessels It consists now but of one single Parish Heilsberg a Town in the Regal Prussia upon the River Alle which has a Castle Seated in the Territory of Ermelandt or Warmerland The Bishop of which Province resides in it eight German Miles from Regensperg to the South Built in 1240. Heis Hericus Herue an Island on the Coast of Poictou near the Confines of Bretagne Heitersheim or Haitersheim a small Town in the Province of Brisgow in Germany in which the Grand Prior of the Order of Malta for Germany who is a Prince of the Empire ordinarily resides The Island of S. Helen is seated in the Atlantick Ocean in 16 deg of Southern Lat. Discover'd by Joannes de Nova a Portuguese in 1502. on S. Helen's Day It is thirteen Miles in Compass and lies at a vast distance from all other Lands between Africa to the East and Brasil to the West nearer the former It is mountainous but fruitful and abounds with what is useful for the Life of Man except Wheat It has four Valleys and as many Springs towards its North end For a long time it lay open to the Benefit of all Mankind but about twenty years since the English settled a Colony here which is become exceeding numerous Helicona Helicon a Mountain in Baeotia now called Stramulipa near Parnassus if not a Part of it Sacred to the Muses of old thence entituled Heliconides and much celebrated by the Greek and Latin Poets In it was the Sepulchre of Orpheus the Fountains of Hippocrene and Aganippe Near it were the Cities of Thespia Ascra and Nissa now Zagaya There was also a River in Sicily so called which is now the Olivero on the North side of that Island And another in Macedonia now the Faribo Heliopolis an ancient City of the Kingdom of Egypt near Cairo to the East It received this Name from a stately Temple there that was dedicated to the Sun The Arabians called it Ain Schemes i. e. the Eye of the Sun Now nothing but the Ruines is extant of it § There were two other Cities of the same Name in the days of Antiquity one in Phaenicia and one in Cilicia in the Lesser Asia both of them Episcopal Sees The first under the Patriarch of Constantinople the second Antioch § Also a City of the Vpper Saxony in the Marquisate of Brandenburg in Germany built by Charles M. and now called Sotwedel i. e. the Valley of the Sun There had been a Statue dedicated to the Sun and venerated here in the Pagan Times Hellespont the Famous Streights betwixt Europe and Asia now called the Streights of Gallipoli or the Dardanelles and the Arm of S. George It was here that Xerxes whipt the Sea and after his Loss of the Battle of Thermopylae escaped to Abydos out of a Storm in a Fishermans Skiff Helmechtmenich Gedrosia a Province of the Kingdom of Persia Helmesley a Market Town in the North-Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Ridal upon a small River which afterwards falls into the Derwent Helmont Helmontium a Town of Brabant which has a very ancient Castle and is the Capital of Kemperland under the Vnited Provinces It lies in the middle between Boisleduc to the West and Roermond to the East six Miles from the latter and six from Nimeguen to the South Helmstad Helmestadium Hemopolis a small and inconsiderable Town in Germany under the Duke of Brunswick Wolffenbuttel ever since 1490. having before that been subject to its Abbot It stands in the Confines of the Dukedom of Brunswick between Brunswick to the West and Magdeburg to the East upon the River Aller six German Miles from Wolffenbuttel to the East eleven from Hildesheime to the North-East and five from Halberstad to the North. Julius Duke of Brunswick opened here an University in 1576. which from him is called Academia Julia. Helmstad a strong Sea-Port Town in the Province of Hallandt on the Baltick Sea towards the Borders of Scannia which by a Treaty in 1645. was yielded to the Swedes Helsingford Helsingfordia a small City of Nyland a part of Finland upon the Shoars of the Bay of Finland where it receives the River Wanda over against Revel in Long. 43. 45 Lat. 60. 10. Helsinglandt Helsinga a Province of Sweden between Dalecarl to the West Jemplandt and Midlepad to the North and the Baltick Sea to the East the principal Town of which is Hadswickwalt Helson a Borough Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Kerryer which elects two Parliament Men. Hemia Amisus a City of Paphlagonia in the Lesser Asia called Amid and Hemid by the Turks and Simiso by the Greeks It is an Archbishop's See built on the Shoars of the Euxine an hundred Miles from Sinope to the East upon the Outlet of the River Casalmach which comes from Amasia twenty German Miles South of Hemid or Simiso as it is called in the Maps Hemid or Cara-Hemid Amida a City of Mesopotamia which now gives Name to that Country it being the Capital of it and is called Diarbeck from this City It is a great and populous City the Seat of a Turkish Governor and of a Christian Archbishop It stands from Arziri a City of the Lesser Armenia to the South-East an hundred and twenty Miles from Aleppo to the East sixty See Caraemit Long. 78. 15. Lat. 39. 30. Hempsted a Market-Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Dacor Hemz Emisa Emessa a City of Syria called Haman by the Turks Kemps by Postellus which is an Archbishop's See under the Patriarch of Antioch upon the River Orontes which passeth by Antioch forty three Miles from Damascus to the North eighty from Antioch to the East and about sixty from Palmyria to the West It is a pretty Town walled with black and white Stone half a Pike high it had formerly a Dike now filled with Rubbish It has twenty five Towers six Gates and five Churches The chief Church was built by S. Helen and was in the Hands of the Chistians till about 160 years agone On the South it has a Castle not taken from the Christians without much Bloodshed and therefore left to be ruined See M. Thevenot part 1. pag. 223. and Haman Henley a Market-Town in Oxfordshire in the Hundred of Binfield upon the River Thames over which it has a fair Bridge This Town drives a great Trade of Malt. § There is another Henly in Warwickshire in the Hundred of Barlickway upon the River Alne called Henley in Arden for Distinction from the Precedent Henneberg an ancient Castle in the Circle of Franconia in Germany seven Leagues from Schweinfurt and eight from Fuld upon a Rock at the Foot whereof passes the River Strew This Castle gives Name to
by the Sacred Writers It was seated upon a Mountain in the Tribe of Ephraim built by Omri King of Israel as is recorded 1 Kings 16. about the year of the World 3112 or as others 3â—19 and becoming from thenceforward the Royal City of that Kingdom it became one of the greatest strongest and most populous as well as most beautiful Cities of the East Benhadad King of Syria besieg'd it first about 3146. with a vast Army and reduced it to great Extremities it was then delivered by a Miracle Salmanazar King of Assyria was the next that attempted it and took it after a Siege of three years in 3314. He carried the Israelites into Captivity and peopled it with a new Colony composed of divers Nations and Religions who were the implacable Enemies of the Jewish Nation especially after the building of a Temple in Samaria after the manner of that of Jerusalem about the times of Nehemiah by one of the Sons of Joida the High Priest who had married a Daughter of Sanballat the Horonite Governour of Samaria under Darius King of Persia for whom his Father-in-law built a Temple on Mount Gerizim Hyrcanius the High Priest of the Jews about the year of the World 3941. took and intirely ruined this City which lay desolate till Herod the Great rebuilt it about 4033. and called it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Honour of Augustus The Temple of Samaria was standing in our Saviour's time as appears in S. John's Gospel after our Saviour's Passion this City received the Christian Faith by the Preaching of Philip the Evangelist about the year of Christ 35. Simon the Father of Heresie was one of these new Converts and the Founder of the Gnosticks About 42. Herod Agrippa obtained this City as an Addition to his Kingdom from Caligula In the first ruin of the Jewish Nation under Vespasian this Nation and City had no great share of the Calamity because I suppose they sided with the Romans in this first Revolution against the Jews But in the second under Adrian the Emperour they acted otherwise and about the year of Christ 135. were together with the Jews extirpated by the Arms of that Prince This City has ever since lain buried in its Ruins though there are some few remainders of the Samaritan Nation to this day in Palestine and Grand Cairo where they keep their Synagogues and their ancient Sacrifices Especially at Sichem now called Naplouse in Palestine the residence of their High Priest who pretends to be of the Race of Aaron But following Laws and Rites different from those of the Pentateuch they have nevertheless the esteem of Hereticks amongst the Jews The Samaritans of Mount Gerizim were mortal enemies to the ancient Christians there till the Emperour Justianian took and burnt their King Julian and curbed them from time to time by very severe Edicts See Gerizim It stood thirty five Miles from Jerusalem to the North. Long. 66. 40. Lat. 31. 30. or as Mr. Fuller saith Long. 69. 10. Lat. 32. 30. Sambales the little Islands near the Peninsula of Jucatan in New Spain in America where good Amber-Greese is fished up with great dexterity by the Indians Sambas Sambasum a City on the North side of the Island of Borneo in the East-Indies which has an Harbour upon the Ocean though it lies thirty Miles from the Shoar up into the Land Sambia a Province of Prussia called by the Poles Szamlandt one of those twelve Counties into which Prussia was divided by Venodotius one of its Princes in 733. § Also a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gâ—â—sna whose Seat was at Coningsperg but now united with the Bishoprick of Ermeland or Warmerland It lies between the Bay of Curland to the North the River Pregel to the South and was a part of the Circle of Natingen now under the Duke of Brandenburg Sambre Sabis Saba a River of the Low-Countries which aâ—iseth in Picardy and soon after entring Hainault divides it watring Landrecy Berlamont and Maubeuge It passeth by Charleroy to Namur the Capital of the Province and there falls into the Maes Samnites an ancient and powerful people of Italy who inhabited the Countries now contained in the Terra di Lavoro the Capitanata the Abruzzo the Dukedom of Benevento c. and made War with the Romans a long time before they could be entirely reduced Samo Samos Parthenia Cyparissa an Island belonging to the Lesser Asia in the Ionian Sea near Ionia as being but five Miles from the nearest Shoar of Ephesus and sixty from Chius now Sio to the South It is about eighty in compass It has a City on the East side which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesus so poor that it will scarce find its Bishop Bread yet is this Island so fruitful that almost nothing can be planted which the Earth will not bring to maturity The Wines of it are exceeding pleasant but for want of a Trade and encouragement the Inhabitants plant little more than they use The Inhabitants were so powerful in ancient times that they managed a prosperous War against the Ephesians and afterwards against the Athenians and Milesians about the year of Rome 313. and the eighty fourth Olympiad till Pericles about the year of the World 3510. reduced them Upon his departure they reassumed their Liberty and forced him to besiege their City nine Months before he could take it to invent the Battering Ram and several other Engines for that purpose and even after this they sustained some other Wars Their greatest Glory was Pythagoras the Father of Philosophy Juno was their principal Patroness and Goddess in whose honour there was a famous Temple erected by them This Island once so powerful rich and populous is by the Turks who are Masters of it reduced to that mean and depopulated condition that a few Pyrates dare land and plunder it as they please So that ever since 1676. no Turk durst venture to live upon it lest he should be carried into Captivity by these Rovers as four of them were then by Monsieur Crevellier a famous Privateer Samogithia a Province of the Kingdom of Poland called by the Inhabitants Samodzka-Zembla by the Poles Samudska-Ziemia by the Germans Samaiten by the French Samogitie It is a very large Province bounded on the North by Curland on the East by Lithuania on the South by Prussia Ducalis and on the West by the Baltick Sea its length from East to West is thirty five German Miles but not of equal breadth The principal Towns in it are Midniky or Womie Kowno and Rossienie which last is the Capital of this Province It was anciently divided into twelve Counties now into three and overspread with dark thick Woods Yet it is a Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Gnesna the Bishop having his Residence at Womie and this Province is very often included in Lithuania largely taken the Fortunes of which it has always followed Samoiede or Samoyedes Samoieda a Province in the North-East of Muscovy upon
the first King of the Britains after the Romans forsook them who is here supposed to have been slain and buried Cambden Ambrisi Ambrisius a River in the remotest Aethiopia in the Kingdom of Congo it ariseth in the Mountains near the City of Tinda and falls into the Aethiopick Ocean between Lelunda and the Lose about 5 deg from the Line South Ambroise a small Town at the entrance into Piedmont upon the River Doria Near to it stands the celebrated Abby of L'Ecluse that they say was built by the hands of Angels belonging to the Benedictines and one of the four chief Houses in Europe of that Order Ambroni an antient People of Switzerlandâ— or according to some of Dauphiné in France on the side of Ambrune Marius gave them a bloody Overthrow near the little River Arc in Provence between Aix and S. Maximin in the year of Rome 652. The Marks of this Victory being yet extant upon the Rests of a Pyramid there Ambrune a City in the Dauphinate of France call'd in Latin Ebrodunum It is an Archbishops See small but strong seated upon the River Durance which falls into the Rhosne one League beneath Avignon it lies 23 Leagues North-East of Grenoble and 37 from Liâ—nt Amel a Kingdom of Africa upon the Atlantick Ocean between the Outlets of the River Niger and on the Western side of it Amelant an Island belonging to the Dutch in the German Ocean on the Shoars of Friseland Amelia a City of S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy said to be built 964 years before Perseus It is an independent Bishops See about 6 Miles from Narni The Ameria of the Antients and the birth-place of that Roscius whose Cause is defended by Cicero AMERICA the Fourth Part of the World and greater than the other Three Wholly unknown to us till 1499. when Christopher Columbo or Colono a Genouese first discovered it at the Charges of Ferdinando and Isabella King and Queen of Spain Americus Vespuccio a Florentine seven years after being sent by Emanuel King of Portugal went further and discovered the Continent and from him it has its Name but it is no less frequently call'd the West-Indies It lies in length from North to South under the shape of two vast Peninsula's knit together by the Streights of Panama where the Land is not above 17 Leagues from Sea to Sea On the Western side it has the Pacifick Ocean on the East the Atlantick on the South the Streights of Magellan or Le-Maire but as to the North the Bounds of it are not discoâ—ered by reason of the great Cold and nearness to the Northern Pole Great part of it is under the Spaniards viz. Peru New Spain Terra firma Paragua Chili and many of the Northern and Southern Islands yet divers of the Maritime parts are under the Portugals English French and Hollanders Particularly the English either by being first Occupants or else by Conquest have made themselves Masters of the large Northern Continents adjoining to Hudson's Bay New England Virginia mary-Mary-Land Carolina and of many adjacent Islands and in the more Southern Parts they are possessed of the wealthy Islands of Jamaica Barbadoes Mevis c. Those Natives that live in these parts with the Europeans are much civilized but those that inhabit the Inland Countries retain their antient barbarous Customs This vast Continent is divided into the Southern and Northern Ameica by the Bay of Mexico and the Streights of Panama The Islands which lie about it in both the Oceans are too numerous to be here recounted Amersford a small Town in the State of Vtrecht in Holland upon the River Em under the Dominion of the United States tho once an Imperial City In 1624. it was taken by the Spaniards but soon after retaken by the Dutch and in 1672. it fell into the hands of the French who deserted it two years after It lies about 3 Leagues East of Vtrecht Amersham a Market-Town in Buckinghamshire See Agmundesham Amhara See Amara Amida See Caramit Amiens Samarobrina Samarobriga the chief City of Picardy and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Rheims it stands upon the River Somme mid-way in the Road between Calais and Paris about 25 French Miles from each It was a long time the Frontier Town of France surprized by the Spaniards in 1597. but soon after retaken by that Victorious Prince Henry IV. Built by Antonius Pius the Emperour and was call'd at first Samarobriga that is the Bridge upon Samara In the Cathedral Church of Nostre Dame they preserve the Head of S. John Baptist which they say was found by a Gentleman of Picardy at the taking of Constantinople in 1204. as a most extraordinary Relique There is an Historical Treatise of this Head written by the Sieur du Cange The Country l' Amiennois takes it Name from Amiens Amilo Amulus a River in Mauritania mention'd by Pliny Amiterno an antient City in the Province of Abruzzo in Italy and sometime an Episcopal See which has been translated to Aquila It was the Birth place of the Historian Salust The Ruins of a Theatre a Church and a great Tower are yet to be seen Amititan or Amuitan a Lake in New Spain in America Amixoeares an American People of Brasil Ammerze Ammer a great Lake or Marsh in Bavaria in Germany The Ammonites an antient People of Palestine descended from Ammon the Son of Lot in the History of the Old Testament famous for their Wars with Israel who gave them several great Defeats under Jephtha Saul Joab Joatham and Judas Macchabeus § Also another antient People of Libya in Africa who lived toward the Temple of Jupiter Ammon Amond Almon a River in the County of Lothain in Scotland It falls into Edenburg Fyrth Amone or Lamone a River arising at the foot of the Apennines in Italy and passing by Faenza to fall into the Po near Ravenna Amorbach Amorbachium a Town of Franconia in Germany upon the River Muldt under the Elector of Mentz Amorium an antient City of Phrygia in Asia Minor and sometime an Archiepiscopal See under the Patriarch of Constantinople Taken and burnt by the Saracens in 840. The Amorites an antient People of Palestine descended from Canaan who with their two Kings Sehon and Og were vanquish'd by the Israelites and their Country distributed amongst the Tribes of Ruben Gad and Manasseh Ampatres an Indian People in the Island of Madagascar Ampelusia Ampelos a Cape upon the Streights of Gibraltar in Mauritania Tingitana now call'd Cape Esparto § Also a Town and Cape in Macedonia call'd now Capo Canistro § And a Cape in Crete now call'd Capo Sagro Amphaxe a small Town upon the Gulph of Contessa in Macedonia It did antiently give Name to the Country Amphaxites Amphipolis See Emboli Amphryse a River in Thessalia § Another in Phrygia in Asia Minor and a Town in Phocis Ampthill a Market-Town in Bedfordshire The Earl of Alesbury has a noble Seat here Ampurdan a Country of Catalonia its capital City was the
the Hundred of Lesnewth Camerino Camerinum an Episcopal City in the Marca Anconitana in the Dominions of the Church Seated at the foot of the Apennine upon the River Chiento which entereth the Adriatick Sea 25 Miles South of Ancona This was a considerable place in the time of the antient Romans and has sometime since born the Title of a Dukedom Leander gives it a strong Situation and plenty of People which last is rarely found in these Italian inland Cities He says also there was another Town of this Name in Campagnia di Roma which they call now Camerota It lies 24 Miles East of Spoleto Long. 36. 43. Lat. 42. 47. Camin Caminum a small City in the further Pomerania which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnisen whereas heretofore it belonged to Magdeburg It stands on the Eastern Shoar of the River Diwenow Odera over against the Island of Wolinsche not above a Mile from the Baltick Sea and about 7 from Stetin to the North. This belongs to the Duke of Brandenburgh by the Treaty of Westphalia and has imbraced the Augustan Confession Long. 39. 30. Lat. 54 12. Caminiec See Kaminieck Campagnano Campaniano Acheron a River of the Province of Calabria flowing from the Apennine and falling into the Tyrrhenian Sea about 8 Miles South of Amantea over against Stromboli a flaming Mountain in an Island of that Name Campagna a City of the Kingdom of Naples in the Principato which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Conza with the Title of a Marquisate It stands between the Rivers of Atro and Tuza 16 Miles from Salerno to the East and 11 from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea to the East also Campagnia di Roma a Province of Italy under the Dominion of the Pope on the West it has S. Peters Patrimony on the North Sabina on the South the Mediterranean Sea and on the East the Kingdom of Naples Rome itself stands in this Province and it contains the far greatest part of the antient Latium the inland parts are fruitful and populous those towards the Sea are little inhabited by reason of the unwholsomness of the Air tho otherwise the Country is plain and fruitful enough Campanir Astacapra a City of the hither East-Indies Campden a Market-Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Kistgate the Earl of Gainesborough Viscount Campden has a Seat here Campen Campania a Town in Stiria § There is another of the same Name in Over-Yssel in the Low Countries upon the Western Banks of the Yssel near the Zuider Zee 5 Miles from Daventer to the North-East It was heretofore an Imperial free City but long since exempted and under the States General In 1672. taken by the French and the year following deserted It is a great lovely and important place and was the Birthplace of Albertus Pighius a very learned Man Long. 27. 14. Lat. 52. 42. Campiano a small Town in the State of the Valley of Taro in Italy near the River Taro. It is an important Pass and therefore carefully fortified by the Duke of Parma Campeach a City belonging to the Spaniards in the West-Indies taken by Captain Mynnes an English Man in 1662 being deserted by the Inhabitants The English took here 50 peices of Canon 14 Ships and the Governor Prisoner Campus Piorum a celebrated place in the Island of Sicily near Catania so called from the 2 Brothers Amphinomus and Anapus that carried their Father and Mother upon their Shoulders hither out of the flames of Aetna Val. Max. Cana a Town in the Tribe of Zabulon in Galilee in the Holy Land heretofore famous for the first Miracle of our Saviours operation on Earth at the Marriage of Simon Zelotes according to Nâ—cephorus Calixtus or of S. John the Evangelist according to others Now a poor Village inhabited by none but Turks For the Church which Helena the Mother of Constantine built in the place of that House where our Saviour celebrated the Marriage has been long since converted into a Mosque Nathanael was an Inhabitant of this Town Canada New France a large Country in the North America discovered first by the French and by them inhabited It lies North of New-England Quebec is the chief Colony of it The Savages speak different Languages and here as in other parts of America they have a custom to eat their Enemies taken in War a fate that particularly befel John Verrazan a Florentine who first took possession of this Country in the name of Francis I. King of France in 1525. There is a very great River of the same Country already known to run 500 Leagues full of large Islands and about 30 Leagues broad at the mouth called Canada by the Natives by the French S. Lawrence from their entrance into it upon that day The Saguenay and the Three Rivers fall into its Channel from the North. Cananor a Kingdom in the Promontory of Malabar on this side the Ganges in the East-Indies abutting upon the River Gangerocora 25 Leagues in length along the Coast with a City of the same Name sometime since taken by the Hollanders The Islands of Divandurou and Malicut amongst the Maldives are subject to this King Canara a Kingdom on this side the Gulph of Bengala in the East-Indies in the Promontory of Malabar separated from the Kingdom of Malabar to the South by the River Gangerocora and from that of Cuncan to the North by the River Aliga It is Tributary to the Great Mogul by some called Tulamar and at perpetual Enmity with the Kingdom of Malabar Canary Isles Canariae are 7 Islands over against the Coast of Lybia Interior so called from Canaria the principal of the number in which the Spanish Governor resides being about 20 Leagues in circuit and ennobled with a large handsom populous City of the same Name which is an Episcopal See These were called by the Antients the Fortunate Islands in general but their particular Names are Canaria Teneriff the Isle of Palmes the Isle of Iron Fuerte-Ventura Gomera and Lancelote and because a great number of Dogs was found in them in antient times therefore says Pliny they had all the Name of the Canaries In one of these the first Meridian is usually fixed viz. Teneriff They are are much frequented for their excellent Wines and Merchandises by the English and other Nations After the knowledg of them had been lost for many Ages they were first discovered again in 1330. Vid. Azores About the year 1344. Lewis de la Cerda Grandson to Alphonsus X. King of Castile and Earl of Clermont undertaking the Conquest of them thereby to introduce the Christian Faith was Crowned King of the Canaries by Pope Clement VI. He in his design failing they were afterwards granted to John Betancourt according as it is already remarked under the Word Azores Canathus a Fountain in the Morea in the Province of Napoli di Romania celebrated by the antient Poets for a Fiction of Juno's washing herself every year therein to
to Count Teckeley who commanded the Action for seventy Rix Dollars Crosno Crosna a small City in the Black Russia in the Kingdom of Poland in the Palatinate of Primyslie near the Carpathian Hills and the Rivers Visloc and Jasiolde Crossen Crossa a City in the Province of Silesia and Kingdom of Bohemia upon the River Oder where it entertains the River Borber from the South about ten Miles above Franckfort This is the Capital of a small Dukedom which being many Ages ago mortgaged to the Duke of Brandenburg and not redeemed in due time has ever since been in his Possession Crotona an ancient City in the Further Calabria in Italy which is now a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio Milo and several other famous Athletae were Natives of this place in whose times it was no less than twelve Miles in circuit Croty a Sea-Port on the North side of the Somme in Picardy two French Miles from Asselane to the South and the same distance from Caen in Normandy to the North. Crouch one of the little Rivers of the County of Essex Crow or le Crou Crodoldus sometimes called Gonnesse is a River in the Isle of France which arising above a Village called Louvre five Miles East from St. Dennis falls into the Seine at S. Dennis Crowland a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Ellow upon the River Weeland in a very fenny low ground The best Streets of it are severed from each other not unlike Venice by interjacent Water-courses and the Causeys leading to it so narrow that no Carts can possibly pass which may justifie the Proverb saying All the Carts which come to Crowland are shod with Silver Croy a Village in Picardy two or three Leagues from Amiens giving its Name to a Family of Honor in the Low Countreys Croydon or Croyden Neomagus a Market Town in Surrey the Capital of its Hundred seated near the Spring head of the River Wandle nine Miles from London where the Archbishop of Canterbury has a Countrey House it has an Hospital for the Poor and a Free-School for Children founded by Archbishop Whitgift Crumaw or Crumeaw Crumaviae a Town in the Province of Moravia in Germany betwixt Brin and Znaim adorned with the Title of a Dukedom and a fine Castle Crussol a Seigniory in the Province of Vivaretz in France near the Rhosne giving its Name and the Title of Earl to an Honourable Family Cresiphon an ancient Town of the Kingdom of Assyria near the Tygris said to be built by the Parthians Cuama or Coama a River of the Kingdom of Sofala in Africa said to derive its Source from the Lake of Sachaf where it has the Name of Zamber towards the Mountains of the Moon the same Lake that the Moderns take to be the Head of the Nile Cuba an Island in the Bay of Mexico in America to the South of Florida which is one of the greatest that belongs to that part of the World It has on the East Hispaniola divided from it by a Bay of the breadth of fourteen Spanish Leagues on the West the firm Land of America on the South Jamaica at the distance of nineteen Leagues In length two hundred Spanish Leagues in breadth not above thirty five The greatest part of it is Mountainous but well watered Infinitely peopled when the Spaniards discovered it but they destroy'd all the Inhabitants and have not been able yet to people it themselves so that the greatest part is desolate This and Jamaica were the first Places of America which Columbus discovered in 1492. There are six Cities in this Island the principal of which is St. Jago on the South side and Havana a noble and well fortified Sea-Port on the North side under the Tropick of Cancer Cuckfield or Cuxfield a Market Town in Sussex in Lewis Rape Cuco a strong City by Situation upon a high Hill in the Kingdom of Algiers in Africa towards the River Major The Soil it stands in affords plenty of all things necessary for humane life Cucusa an ancient City of Armenia the Less upon the Frontiers of Cilioia and Cappadocia having formerly born the honour of an Episcopal See and the more remark'd in History for being the place whither S. John Chrysostom was banished by the order of the Empress Eudoxa Cuenca Concâ—a a City of New Castile in Spain which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo the Capital of La Sierra It stands in a Rocky and Mountainous Country upon the River Xucar twenty five Leagues East from Toledo and thirty four West from Valencia Built by the Goths out of the Ruines of a Roman City called Valeria not far distant The Moors became next Masters of it and kept it till 1177. when the Spaniards recovered it again Cueva a Town in the Kingdom of Castile in Spain giving its Name there to a Family of Honor. Cufa a City of Chaldaea or Yerach in Asia upon the West side of Euphrates sixty Miles South from Bagdet or Babylon on the Borders of Arabia Deserta and heretofore the Residence of the Califfs after that it was under the Persians and at present under the Turks being much declined from its ancient Splendor Wealth and Greatness Long. 79. 10. and Lat. 32. 00. forty five German Miles above Balsera North. Cuhiung a City and Territory of the Province of Junnan in China having Jurisdiction over six other old Cities and standing in a fruitful and pleasant Country that is provided with Mines of Silver and Precious Stones Cujavio Cujavia a Province of the Kingdom of Poland bounded on all sides by the greater Poland but the North where it has Prussia The chief Town is Brestia Brezestie ten Miles from Thorn to the South and thirty from Damzick Culhu Cullus a Town and Port upon the Mediterranean in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa where the River Collo or Culhu is discharged into the Sea betwixt Hipone and Bugia Culliton a Market Town in Devonshire the Capital of its Hundred Culm a City of Poland upon the Vistula in Prussia built upon a Hill This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnesa though heretofore under the Archbishop of Riga built in 1223. by the Knights of the Teutonick Order but having suffered much in the Swedish Wars it is now almost desolate and the Bishop has removed his Palace to Colme three Miles more to the East Culm stands twenty Miles South of Dantzick and ten North from Waldislaw and is the Capital of a little Country adjacent called by the Inhabitants Colmischland Culembach Culembachium a small Town in Franconia upon the River Mayn near the Rise of it six Miles from Bamberg East and as many from Coberg South-East the Capital of a Marquisate belonging to the Duke of Brandenburg and part of the Burgravate of Noremburg between the Territory of Bamberg to the West Misnia to the North Bohemia and Bavaria to the East and Norimburg to the South belonging also to the Duke of Brandenburg Culembourg
an ancient Country of Achaia in Greece now known by the Name of the Valley of Livadia as all Achaia is now called Livadia The Cities Lilaea Erineus c. in those times stood in it It was particularly famous for one of the four Dialects of the Greek Tongue called the Dorick after its own Name in which Archimedes Theocritus and Pindar write and which was in use in the several Countrys and Kingdoms of Lacedaemonia Argos Epirus Lydia Sicily Rhodes and Crete § There was another Doris in Caria in the Lesser Asia which received its Name from this Dorisques Drosica Doriscum a Tract in the Province of Romania or Thrace in Greece mentioned in ancient History to be the place in which Xerxes numbered his vast Army in the Gross by the quantity of the Ground they stood upon Dormans a Town in Champagne in France upon the River Marne betwixt Epernay and Chateau-Tierry giving Name to an ancient Family of that Province Dorn See Tornaw Dornick See Tournay Dornock Dorno Durnodunum a Town in Sutherland on the East of Scotland North of the Fyrth of Murray and Terbat-Ness The head City of this County and the common Residence of the Bishop of Cathnesse who is under the Archbishop of S. Andrews it has also a large and a safe Haven upon a Gulph called the Fyrth of Dornock Long. 15. 10. Lat. 58. 10. Doro Oboca a River in Ireland It takes its Origine in the County of Dublin and passing thence through that of Catherlogh receives into its Bed some small Rivers with which it falls into the Irish Sea near the Port of Arcklow Dorsetshire Durotriges is bounded on the North with Somersetshire and Wiltshire on the West with Devonshire and some part of Somersetshire on the East with Hampâ—shire and on the South which is the longest side by the British Sea generally fruitful the North parts full of Woods from whence it descends by fruitful Hills and pleasant Meadows intermixed one with another to the very Shoars of the Ocean The principal City in it is Dorchester The principal Rivers the Stower and the Frome The Honourable Charles Sackvill is the Sixth of this Family that has born the Title of Earl of Dorset he succeeded his Father in 1667. The Beauforts and the Greys had enjoyed the Title of Marquesses of Dorset before The last of which was Henry Grey Duke of Suffolk beheaded in 1553. Dorsten Dorsta a City of Westphalia in Germany upon the River Lype which falls into the Wesel at Ducat this City is under the Elector of Cologne well fortified but yet it has of late been often taken and retaken It stands ten Miles from Cologne to the North and a little less from Munster to the South-West Dort Dordracum sometime called Dordrecht is the principal Town in the County or Earldom of Holland seated at the Mouth of the Maes in South-Holland seven Leagues from Leyden to the South five from Breda to the North and three from Rotterdam to the South-East This was the Seat of the Counts of Holland in ancient times and then of great consideration In 1421. by a violent Inundation of the Sea the Vahal and the Maes in which sixty two good Towns were irrecoverably lost this City which was before a Continent was turned into an Island There perished then one hundred thousand persons Con tuti li loro beni with all their Wealth and Goods and only some little part of the Land has been since recovered The City is great beautiful rich potent and has many gentile Buildings both publick and private but the great Church which is dedicated to the Virgin Mary and was founded in 1363. is exceedingly magnificent In ancient times it was the Staple of the Rhinish Wines and of the Corn that came from Guelderland Cleves and Juliers which contributed much to the Wealth and Populousness of it thus far Guicciardin Also famous for the Synod here holden against the Remonstrants or Arminians in 1618. and 1619. When Philip II. King of Spain made his Royal Entry in 1549. they thus expressed the site and glory of this Place Me Mosa Vvalis cum Linga Meruaque cingunt Aeternam Batavae Virginis ecce Fidem by which is shewn that she stands upon four Rivers the Meuse the Merwe the Rhine and the Linghe and was never taken by any Enemy Dortmund Termonia Dormania a City in the Circle of Westphalia in the County of Mark or Markischlandt upon the River Emser five German Miles from Dorsten to the South-East and seven from Munster to the South-West This City is small but rich and populous a Free and Imperial City one of the Hanse-Towns notwithstanding the Pretences of the Duke of Brandenburgh who is Master of the Mark in which it stands There was a Council celebrated here in the year 1005. by the order of the Emperour St. Henry Dotecom a small Town in the Dutchy of Guelderland in the Low-Countrys two Miles from Doesborck upon the Issel It surrendred to the French in 1672. being a place of no Strength Dou Doux Dubis and Alduadubis a River of France it ariseth in Switzerland from the Mountain of Jura near Mortay in the Franche County and running North-East it watereth Franchimon and Montbeliart where it turns and runs South-West by Lisle Clerval Besanzon and Dole beneath which it receiveth the Louve a considerable River from the South and at Verdun it ends in the Saone Araris It is called in the Maps Le Doule Douay Duacum a City of Flanders upon the River Scarpe which falls into the Schelde about one Mile lower in the Borders of Artois and Flanders five Leagues from Cambray to the South-West four from Arras to the North. At first only a Castle which being almost ruined Amatus a Bishop repaired it in 665. But now a great and a fortified City and has a fine Magazin well furnished In 1572. Philip II. King of Spain made it an University and opened those Colleges for the English Roman Catholicks which have rendered it more known to this Nation than any other thing Taken by the King of France in 1667. and by the Treaty of Aquisgrane confirmed to him so that it is still in his Possession Doue Dovaeum Duaeum a Town in the Dukedom of Anjou in France beyond the Loyre upon the River Layon four Leagues from Saumur to the South-West and seven from Anger 's to the South-East Though this is now a small Village yet it deserves to be taken notice of for an Amphitheatre built here in the times of the Roman Empire which is still standing and almost perfect it contains only sixteen hundred Foot in Compass and yet is so contrived that above fifteen thousand persons might see their Exercises without incommoding each other there are here also Vaults and Sewers built under the Earth and Arched with wonderful Art and Expence § Dove a River in Staffordshire upon which Tudbury stands Dover Dorovernum Darvernum DVBRIS is a very ancient strong Town seated in the middle
Ipres being the other three This Government or College was erected in 1223. to curb the Insolence and diminish the Power of the City of Bruges being over-troublesome to the Earls of Flanders France Francia Gallia is at this day one of the moâ—â— potent Kingdoms in Europe and the difficultest to limit and bound it daily like the Ocean gaining something from its Neighbours whose divided strengths are not equal to her united Forces but yet I shall give you a general description of its bounds as it stood about forty years since and then in part shew what has been since added On the East it was then bounded by the Alpes which divide the Dauphiné from Piedmont as also with Savoy Switzerland Germany and a part of the Netherlands on the North with the Netherlands and the British Seas on the West with the Aquitain Ocean on the South with Spain from which it is divided by the Pyrenean Hills and with the Mediterranean Then accounted in length six hundred and sixty Italian Miles in breadth five hundred and seventy the whole circumference being two thousand and forty In the times of Julius Caesar it was bounded on the East by the Alpes and the Rhine extending to the Mouth of that River from the Pyrenean Hills so that it took in the far greatest part of what we now call the Netherlands with all those of the German Empire which lie West of the Rhine Switzerland and Savoy And the great design of the present French King seems to have been the dilating of it again to the same extent to which purpose he has spared neither Blood nor Treasure Arts nor Labour and perhaps if he had not been over-reached by the Jesuits upon the design of uniting all his Subjects in one Religion by force he might have succeeded when he was so near his point for whereas Picardy was heretofore his Northern Province he has taken in Artois the greatest part of Flanders of Hanault and Namur Of the four Ports that did belong to Flanders he has two Graveling and Dunkirk so that his Dominions extend on the Sea Shoar from Dunkirk to S. Jean de Luz in Spain without any interruption On the Eastern side he has possessed himself of the Dukedom of Lorrain the Earldom of Burgundy so much of Alsatia as lies on this side of the Rhine and what his intentions towards the Switzers are may be guessed at nor has Savoy passed especially since the late rupture without contributing his share to aggrandize him On the South he has gained from Spain Roussillon Catalonia hardly missed him all the World may remember how narrowly the United Provinces escaped him in 1673. and 1674. He has not only been a gainer in his Wars but even in times of Peace by his Courts of Dependences Forts and other Methods So that considering the Weakness and Divisions of his Neighbours and the great Accessions he has already made if so many thousands of his Subjects had not been driven out or rendred useless to him who can tell what this great Prince might not have effected before his death This vast Country or Kingdom has for its principal Rivers the Loyre the Rhosne the Garonne and the Seine Called by the Inhabitants and English France by the Spaniards Francia by the Italians Franza Franzam by the Portuguese Franckriâ—ch by the Germans by the Dutch Urancryck by the Poles Francya and Francukazemia by the Illyrians Fracgnack by the Turks Franza and by the Indians Frankistan All which Names are derived from its present Conquerors and Inhabitants the Franks or French It is divided into sixty Counties and these Provinces the Isle of France Burgundy Normandy Aquitain Bretagne Champagne Languedock Picardy Dauphine Lyonnois and Orleans To which may be added four more that are a kind of Conquest Loraine the Earldom of Burgundy or Franche Compte the Conquest of the Netherlands and Alsatia This King having added by his Arms the Comte de Bourgogne both the Alsatia's the greatest part of Flanders and Haynault and Namur part of Luxemburg and all Artois which last is now annexed to Picardy The Capital of this Kingdom is Paris Besides these he has New France in America the greatest part of Hispaniola several Plantations and Colonies in Africa upon the Coast of Guinea and some Islands in the North Sea Thus Baudrand reckons up his Masters Dominions This Tract of Land was heretofore inhabited by the Gaulâ— of which I shall give an account in its proper place See Gallia The Franks were Originally a German Nation inhabiting Franconia which is still called East France to distinguish it from this Country This Nation joining with many other upon the declining of the Roman Empire under Pharamond about 413. obtained that part of Belgium which contained Zutphen Vtrecht Over-Yssel both the Friselands and so much of Holland as lies on the same side of the Rhine but whether ever Pharamond crossed the Rhine is uncertain However in 420. he became their first King and formed this Potent Monarchy Clodius his Son in 433. crossed the Rhine and took Cambray Tournay and all Belgium to the River Some but he dying whilst his Children were young commended them to Meroveus who dispossessed them to make himself King of the Franks in 441. or thereabouts Meroveus was the Author of the Merovingian Line and is by some made the first that seated in Gaul His Son went further and took all the Netherlands Pioardy Champagne and the Isle of France with Paris which he made the Seat of this Empire This Race under nineteen Princes continued to 742. when Pepin Son of Charles Martel usurped upon Chilprick V. Son of Theodorick and deposed him The second or Carolovinian Line under thirteen Princes lasted till 977. when Hugh Capet put an end to it and set up the Third Charles IV. the fourteenth of this Race dying in 1328. without Issue Edward III. of England claimed that Crown at Son and Heir of Isabel the Daughter of King Philip the Fair and Sister to the three last Kings Against him Philip de Valois set up a Title by colour of the Salick Law which had excluded all Females The whole Reign of this Prince and John his Son was double-died in Blood by the English Valour Charles V. by means of the English Divisions at last expell'd them Yet under Charles VI. the English returned with more Vigour and Rage and were under Henry V. in a fair way of reducing France And he dying young Henry VI. his Son was crowned at Paris in 1422. But the Minority at first and Weakness afterwards of this Prince gave Charles VII of France an opportunity totally to expel the English the second time about 1449. The House of Valois ended in Henry III. slain before Paris in 1589. to whom succeeded Henry IV. the first of the House of Bourbone and Grandfather of Lewis XIV now King of France who succeeded Lewis XIII his Father in 1642. This is the shortest account I can give of the Bounds and
which it sprung A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio from which it lies twenty seven Miles to the North-East Giera-petra Hiera-petra Hyerpytna a City of Candia or Creet which has a Castle and an Haven such as it is and heretofore a Bishops See it lies on the South side of the Island in the Territory of Sitia near Mount Malaura sixteen Miles from Setia to the West now under the Dominion of the Turks Giessen Giessa a small but very strong City in Hassia in Germany upon the River Lhone four Leagues from Marpurg to the South It was of late years made an University and is the strongest Town in this Province under the Landtgrave of Darmstadt in part and of Cassel in part Giffhorn a Town in the Dutchy of Lunenburg in the Lower Saxony upon the River Allere three or four Leagues from Brusnwick and a little more from Zell Gigel Gigeri Gigari Igiti a City of Africa heretofore a Bishops See but now a small Village in the Province of Bugia in the Kingdom of Algier twenty seven Miles from Algier to the East upon the Shoars of the Mediterranean Taken by the French in 1664. and afterwards deserted There was another City which Ptolemy calls Colops and placeth in the Province of Zeugitania which is now called Giger Giglio Igilium Iginium Egilium a small Mountainous Island in the Tyrrhenian Sea which has in it one Village and a Castle and belonged heretofore to the Republick of Sienna with which it came into the hands of the Duke of Tuscany It lies about a Mile from the nearest Coast of Italy between 34. and 35. deg of Long. in Lat. 41. 55. Gihon one of the four Rivers springing from the Paradise of Adam and Eve Gen. 2. 13. Josephus makes it the same with the Nile others with the Araxes See Nilus Gilan Gelae Gilania a Province of Persia upon the South side of the Caspian Sea which from it is often called the Sea of Gilan The chief City of this Province is Gilan and stands upon the River Abisirni twenty five German Miles from the Caspian Sea in Long. 90. 13. and Lat. 40. Gilboa a Chain of Mountains in the Holy Land extended the length of ten or twelve Leagues from the City Jezrael to Jordan along the Tribe of Issachar and the Vpper Galilee Famous in the Jewish History for the encampment defeat and death of King Saul and his three Sons here in a Battel with the Philistines and for David's cursing these Mountains with Barrenness for Jonathan's sake They are almost all covered with Stones Taking their Name some suppose from an ancient City Gilboa As at this time we are told of a considerable Town called Gilbus standing amongst them Gilead The Mount properly in the Region of Trachonitis in Palestine whereat Jacob and Laban passed a Covenant with each other Gen. 31. But afterwards extended to express the Cities and Country adjacent which were given by Moses to the Tribe of Gad Josh 13. 25. Gillesland a Tract in the North parts of the County of Cumberland from whence the Earl of Carlisle receives the title of Baron Dacre of Gillesland Gilolo an Island in the East Indian Ocean to the west of the Moluccaes and East of the Terra des Papaous in 165. deg of Long. It has four Points of Land shooting forth into the Sea as many different ways One about twenty another fifty Leagues Long. The Capital of it is called Gilolo also Gindes a River springing from the Martian Mountains of Armenia and ending in the Tigris In which course it retarding the passage of Cyrus's Army to the Siege of Babylon he broke it into three hundred and sixty Channels Gingi Gingis a great City in the Promontory of Malabar in the East-Indies which gives Name to a Province This City was heretofore under the King of Bisnagar but has now a Prince of its own it is very strong and has a Castle built upon a Rock The Province or Kingdom of Gingi has Bisnagar to the North the Gulph of Bengala on the East the Mountains of Malabar on the West and the Kingdom of Tanjaour to the South Gingiro a Kingdom in the Lower Aethiopia towards Melincle Zanguebar and the Eastern Ocean Ginopoli Gemanopolis Jonopolis a City of Paphligonia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gangra It lies upon the Black Sea ten German Miles West of Carambis the most Northern Cape of the Lesser Asia Giordano Jordan Giorgiana Georgia Giovenazzo Juvenacium a Maritim City of Apulia Pucetia now Terra di Lavoro upon the Gulph of Venice between Bari to the North and Trani to the South welve Miles from the first and a little morefrom the latter In Long. 40. 50. Lat. 41. 12. This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari It stands upon an Hill and is almost incompassed with the Sea Giovenco Juvencus Invectus a River of Italy in the Kingdom of Naples which falls into the Lake of Celano at the foot of the Appennine forty five Miles West of Rome in the Province of Abruzzo Heretofore it passed through the Lake without mixing with it but whether it passeth into any other River or is swallowed up by the subterraneous passages which carry away the waters of that Lake Leandro has not informed us Gir a River of Africa which rising in Biledulgerida not far from the Atlantick Ocean runs Eastward and passing under several Chains of Hills and Mountains at last falls into Nile above the Cataracts of Egypt It is a vast and wonderful River in all things and deserves a more particular description if the Counties through which it passes were so known to us as to enable us to give it Girgia See Hyrach Girigo Girgium a City of the Vpper Egypt near the Nile the Capital of a Province which takes its Name from this City betwixt Barbanda and the Sahid Otherwise written Girgilo Girmasti Caicus a River of the Lesser Asia which rising by a City of the same Name washeth Judai Pergama Caristo and Stinga then falls into the Archipelago over against the Isle of Metellino The City of Girmasti was of Old called Hierogerma and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cyzioeno called only Germa in the Councils being attributed by some to Mysia Minor by others to Phrygia Minor it lies between Balichstria to the East and Pergama to the West Giro or Palmacia Venaria a small Island on the Eastern Coasts of Genoua Girona Gerunda a City of Catalonia in Spain built by Gerion a celebrated Hero who is said to have lived Anno Mundi 2840. and to have been Contemporary with Hely the Judge of Israel It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona of a large extent seated partly upon the descent of a Hill partly upon a Plain ennobled with two Bridges one in the City over the River Oingar and the other without the City on the North side over the River Ter and besides is very well fortified and honoured with the
in it almost four Leagues in length In 1658. it suffered by fire to the value they say of forty eight millions of Gold Jengan a City in Xensy a Province of the Kingdom of China It stands in a Mountainous Country near the Lake of Lieu and has eighteen smaller Cities depending on it Jeniscey Jeniscea a River in the North of Muscovy which runs more East than that of Obb and said to be greater on the East it has a Chain of vast high Mountains some of them burn like Aetna on the West a fruitful Plain or Level which it overflows every Spring for seven German Miles together as the Nile does Egypt This River having watered the Tingoesians and Samoieds falls into the Sea of Zemla or Weigats Streight Jeniza or Jenizza a small City in Macedonia built by the Turks out of the Ruins of Pâ—lla the Birth-place of Alexander the Great it stands upon the Bay of Thessalonica between the Outlets of Beuoda and Castora two Rivers twenty eight Miles from Aedessa to the East and the same from Thessalonica to the South The Inhabitants finding here great Ruins and much Marble believe it to have been the Palace of Philip King of Macedon Jenkoping Jencoping or Jonekoping Jonekopia a small City in Smalland a Province of the Kingdom of Sweden it lies between the Lake of Wether to the West and the Baltick Sea to the East sixteen Miles from the latter built all of Wood. Jenupar a City and Kingdom under the Great Mogul which is a part of the Hither India on this side the Ganges seated upon the River Coul a hundred and thirty Miles from Delly to the South and Lahor to the North. Jepes a Town in the Territory of Toledo in Spain Jerby a Market Town in the County of Cumberland in the Division of Allerdale Jere Eara a River near Calais in France Jerne Jerna a River in Gallicia Jero Giaros a small Island or rather Rock in the Archipelago See Joura Jerico Hierico a celebrated City in Palestine built by the Jebusites whilst the Children of Israel were in Bondage in the Land of Egypt with Walls and other Defences to a wonder all which fell down before the Ark of God as is recorded in Joshua 6. After this it lay desolate 531 years and was rebuilt in the Reign of Ahab King of Israel by Hiel the Bethelite with the loss of his Eldest and Youngest Sons according to the Prediction of Joshua in the year of the World 3117. It stood not above 335 years before it was ruined by the Chaldeans under Nebuchadnezzar After the Captivity it recovered again Herod the Great made it his residence for some time it having a noble Palace an Hippodrome an Amphitheatre and other stately Buildings Our Saviour honored it with his Presence and Miracles About the year of Christ 68. it was taken by the Romans under Vespasian and Titus It became after this a Bishops See and was in some esteem till it fell to the Saracens In the times of the Holy War it was again in the hands of Christians and of great fame but falling the second time to the Saracens they entirely ruined iâ— so that it is now only inhabited by the Arabians who have here thirty or forty Brick Houses as M. Thevenot assures us It is seated in a pleasant and fruitful Plain twelve Miles West from Jordan and the same from Jerusalem to the North-East The Arabians at this day call it Rihâ—ha Mr. Fuller in his Pisgah Sight is of opinion it was well inhabited between the days of Joshua and Ahab though not walled he makes the City of Palm Trees where Ehud stabbed Eglon King of Moab to have been Jerico The Plain it stands in abounds in Palm-Trees and is about nine Leagues long and five broad Jeroslaw See Jaroslaw Jersey See Jarsey Ierusalem Hierosolyma the capital City of Palestine and for a long time of the whole Earth taken notice of by Pliny Strabo and many of the Ancients Called when the Children of Israel entered Canaan Jebus and by that name assigned to the Tribe of Benjamin by Joshua It was in the hands of the Jebusites till the Reign of David who took it from them Anno Mun. 2898 and gave it the name of the City of David Absolom his Son dispossess'd him again for some time in 2920. Solomon his Son consecrated here the noblest Temple the Sun ever saw in 2939. Sheshack King of Egypt came up against Rehoboam Son of Solomon and took and plundered Jerusalem in 2973. In 3117. it was taken by Joas one of the Kings of Israel and plundered the second time Again taken by Pharaoh Necho King of Egypt in 3339. By Nebuchadnezzar the first time in 3350. The second time in 3360. when the Temple was burnt and the City totally razed and destroyed It lay desolate thus till the first year of Cyrus when the Jews returned and began to rebuild it in 3420. About 3500. Nehemiah finished this Work In 3619. Alexander the Great came up against Jerusalem and it was delivered to him without resistance by Jaddus the High Priest In 3629. Ptolemaeus Lagus took Jerusalem by surprize and carried many of the Jews into Egypt In 3780. Antiochus King of Syria took Jerusalem slew vast numbers of the Inhabitants prophaned the Temple and endeavoured to extirpate the Jewish Religion by a Persecution In 3805. the Jews under Jonathan totally expelled the Syrians and regained the intire Possession of Jerusalem In 3880. Pompey the Great entered Jerusalem saw the Temple and made Jerusalem Tributary In 3896. Crassus entred and plundred the Temple contrary to his Faith given In 3909. Pacorus King of Parthia took and plundered Jerusalem The next year Herod began his Reign over the Jews by the appointment of Antonius in the latter end of his Reign and in 3950. our Saviour was born in 3983. he suffered Death for us being thirty three years old In the year of our Lord 69. Titus after a dreadful Siege put an end to the Jewish Government destroyed Jerusalem and the Temple which lay desolate till 132. when Adrian rebuilt it and called it Aelia Capitolina permitting the Christians to live here and prohibiting the Jews In this interval the Bishop of Caesarea got the Superiority over the Bishop of Jerusalem In 361. Julian the Apostate to contradict our Saviour's Prophecy sent the Jews to repair the Temple of Jerusalem wherein they and he were disappointed by miraculous Earthquakes Tempests and Balls of Fire issuing out of the Foundation In 636. Omar the Saracen took it after a Siege of two years In 1099. the Christian Armies under Godfrey retook it from the Saracens when it had been four hundred sixty three years in their hands In 1187. Saladine the Saracen recovered it out of the hands of the Christians In 1228. Frederick the Emperor recovered Jerusalem by a Treaty without blows and was crowned at Jerusalem But in 1234 the Templars having perfidiously broken the Peace the Saracens retook and defaced it abusing
Brandenburg upon the River Warta twenty Miles from Frisingen to the East and thirty from Ratisbon to the South It is well fortified and has a Castle seated on or near a Hill Landskroon Stephanopolis Corona a small City but very strongly fortified belonging to the Crown of Sweden seated in the Province of Scania upon the North side of the Sound or entrance into the Baltick Sea It belonged to the Danes till 1658. when by Treaty it was yielded to the Swedes It stands eighteen German Miles from Koppenhagen to the North-East and a little more from Malmoe to the North. Built by Erick the Pomeranean King of Denmark in 1413. before which time it was called Sundre Soeby Near this place Christian V. King of Denmark received a great defeat from Charles X. King of Sweden July 24. 1677. The Danes took it from the Swedes in 1676 and restored it to them again in 1679. Landsperg Lansperga a Town in Germany in the New Marquisate of Brandenburg upon the River Water six Miles from Custrin to the East and thirteen from Stetin to the South in the Confines of Poland Often taken and retaken in the Swedish War Landsperk a Town in Germany in the Dukedom of Bavaria built on a Hill by the River Leeh Licus which parts Schwaben from Bavaria and falls a little beneath Auspurg into the Danube above which last place this Town stands five German Miles to the South Landspurg Segestica a City of Sclavonia the same with Zigea Landt van Endracht a part of the Southern Continent which was accidentally discovered by the Hollanders in a Voyage to the Molucho Islands in 1618. called also Concordiae Regio Land van Pieter Nuitz another part of the same Continent found in 1625. by a Dutchman It is a great Country of a vast extent from North to South and is a part of New Holland but only viewed by the Dutch as yet Langhac Langhâ—acum a small City in Auvergne seated in a Plain surrounded almost on all sides by Mountains near the River Allier over which it has a Bridge three Leagues from Fleury to the East and fifteen from Clermont to the South Langhe Langa a small Province in Italy on the South of Piedmont and the Dukedom of Montferrat between the Apennine and the Rivers of Tanaro Vrba and Stura extending also to the Confines of the State of Genoua the City of Alba is the Capital of it This is a fruitful and well peopled Territory Lang-landt an Island belonging to Denmark in the Baltick Sea between the Isles of Fionia Zeland and Haland seven German Miles in length and two in breadth it has sixteen Villages and a strong Castle and from its form is called the long-Long-Land Langley Abbey a Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Cashio not far from Watford Remarkable for being the Birth-place of Pope Adrian IV. who was sometime surnamed Breakspear Lango Cos Coos an Island in the Archipelago called Stinco by the Greeks and Stanco by the Sailors so that this name begins to prevail It lies not above twenty Miles from the Shoars of Asia of a great length and about seventy Miles in Circuit the principal Town in it is Lango which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Rhodes This Island was the native place of Apelles the Painter and Hippocrates the great and most ancient Physcian It was under the Knights of S. John of Jerusalem now of Malta but conquered by the Turks from them under whom it now is Our Sandys who saw it saith it is a delicate Country to behold lying for the most part level only towards the East it is not unprofitably Mountainous from whence fall many Springs which water the Plains below and make them extraordinarily fruitful where grow those Wines valued in all times Cypress Trees and Turpentine with divers other Plants delightful as well as profitable In ancient times it was much regarded on the account of a Temple of Aesculapius to whom this Island was consecrated in which those who recovered out of any Disease Registred their Cures and the Medicines by which they recovered which Hippocrates abridged and recommended to Posterity Langport a Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Pitney upon a Hill near the River Parret in a Moorish Country Langres Andromatunum Lingones Andromadunum Lingonum an ancient great strong and rich City of France in the Province of Champagne near the Fountains of the Marne one of the principal Rivers of France six Miles from the Borders of the Dukedom of Burgundy twenty two from Troyes to the South-East sixteen from Dijon to the North and thirty from Monthelyard to the West This is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Lions the Bishop is always one of the twelve Peers of France and a Duke Near this City Constantine the Great twice overcame the Germans in one of which Battels that Prince slew 60000 of them The Vandals in the beginning of the fourth Century committed great spoils here Within the Diocese there are six hundred Parishes contained and the Territory of Langres giving source to five or six Rivers is thought to stand the highest of any in the Kingdom Divers French Synods have been assembled at it Lang See Verbanus Lacus a Lake in the Duchy of Milan called by the Italians il Lago Magiore and by the Germans Langsée It is extended from North to South 36 Italian Miles in breadth five It lies thirty six Miles from Milan to the North-West and twenty five from Como to the West and is one of the most considerable Lakes in Italy Langis Aturus See Dour Languedoc Volcae Septumani Occitania a Province in France of very large bounds and extent It is the Western part of that which the Romans called Gallia Narbonensis afterwards it was called Gallia Gothica and then the Earldom of Tolouse Bounded on the East by the Rhosne which divides it from Dauphiné and Provence on the South by the County of Rousillon and the Mediterranean Sea on the West it is separated from Gascogne by the Garonne and on the North it has Quercy Rovergne Auvergne and le Forez There are in this Province twenty two Dioceses the principal City in it is Tolouse which is the Seat of the Parliament of this Generality This is also one of the most Populous Rich Fruitful and Pleasant Provinces in France Divided into the Upper and Lower Languedoc to the East and West and watered by the Rivers Rhosne Eraut Vistre Tarn c. The Goths establish'd a Kingdom here in the fifth Century from whom some derive its name as Languedoc quasi Landt-Goth making Tolouse the Capital of the same which they afterwards extended as far as to the River Loyre In 778. Charles the Great granted this Province to the Earls of Tolouse from whom in 1361. K. John finally taking it united it to the Crown of France Lauschet a City of Poland See Lencicia Lantaine Lantana a River in the Earldom of Burgundy which falls into the Saone between Falcougney
these Islands have been annexed to that Kingdom The Land on all sides towards the Sea is Mountainous and Barren inwards more Champain and Fruitful affording sufficient Oil Corn Wine and Fruits to maintain its Inhabitants who are estimated to be thirty thousand Maira Merula Macra a River in Piedmont which riseth out of the Alpes and flowing through the Marquisate of Saluzzo falls into the Po at Pancalieri a small City nine Miles above Turino to the South Malabar Malabaria Dachinabares a vast Peninsula or Promontory of the Hither East-Indies between the Arabick or Indian Sea to the West and the Gulph of Bengala or Ganges to the East Dr. Heylyn bounds it on the North with the River Gangeraco Baudrand with the Kingdom of Decam Buno bounde it to the North with the Cape of Darame ten Miles beneath Goa Cluverius reckons up these Kingdoms in it Calicut Coulete Cranganor Cochin Coulam and Travancor of which Calicut is the Supreme and therefore stiled Samory by them that is the Great Emperor and God on Earth For its extent Dr. Heylyn gives it three hundred English Miles to the Cape of Comori which he supposeth to be the Commaria Extrema of Ptolemy and its greatest breadth fifty Miles at the North. Baudrand makes its length one hundred French Leagues and its breadth ten or fifteen which is too little Cluverius makes it eighty German Miles long and forty five broad All agree that it is the most fruitful populous and temperate Region in the whole East-Indies The Inhabitants are very fierce savage and go naked except what Nature desires to have hidden They have a hatred of theft The Women take as many Husbands as they please contrarily to the custom of the Plurality of Wives amongst the Mahometans It is also one of the most ancient Kingdoms for many Ages subject to one Prince till about 900 Sarama Parymal being seduced by the Saracens left his Kingdom and went and died at Meccha and having no Children parcelled out his Kingdom amongst his most faithful Servants Cananor had a strong Castle in the hands of the Portuguese till 1663. when the Dutch expelled them the Hollanders are also possessed of Cochin and Coulam The rest is in the Possession of Indian Princes whose Dominions are very small Malaca Malacca Aurea Chersonesus a City and Kingdom in the Aurea Chersonesus or most Southern Promontory of the East-Indies between Sumatra and Borneo The City stands on the Western Shoar in Long. 127. 25. Lat. 03. 40. Subject to the King of Ihor till the Portuguese in 1511. took it under Alphonsus Albuquerque who made it an Episcopal City In 1606. the Dutch besieg'd it in vain but in 1640. the Dutch took it from them after a Siege of six Months It is a celebrated Mart has a large Haven a strong Castle and a River of the same name with the City lying a Mile from it to the South-East The Kingdom or Promontory of Malaca which takes its name from this City has the Kingdom of Siam to the North and on all other sides is surrounded by the Ocean it extends from one deg of Northern Lat. to Queda in six deg Dr. Heylyn gives it two hundred and seventy English Miles in length it is not of equal breadth and being extremely hot and parched by the Sun not very populous or fruitful but very rich by reason of the vast resort of all Nations for Trade This was a part of the Kingdom of Siam till 1258 when Parimisera and some other of the Javan Nobility being oppressed by their own King fled to Sangesinga Viceroy for the Siamite who receiving them kindly was by them perfidiously slain they erected in Sicapura this New Kingdom which being soon reduced again by the Siamite they built the Malaca and got the Trade too from the former The Moors joining with them they wholly revolted from Siam to whom they had submitted therefore that Prince in 1500. sent a Navy of two hundred Ships to reduce them and thirty thousand Men with four hundred Elephants to attack them by Land but Tempests and the disorders of his Soldiers made this Expedition miscarry And in 1511. they fell into the hands of the Portuguese Malaca Pangaeus a Mountain in Thrace near the City Philippi at the foot of which runs the River Nestus Malaga a City in the Kingdom of Granada in Spain seated in a Plain on the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea twenty seven Leagues from Sevil to the South-East the same from Cadiz to the East and twenty four from Granada to the South West It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sevil heretosore now of Granada a famous Port much frequented on the account of its Wines and has the River of Guadalani on the West of it with two strong Castles and an excellent Magazine Taken from the Moors by Ferdinando and Isabella in 1487. after a very long Siege In 1661. an Inundation of the River swept away one thousand and sixty Houses drowned two thousand Men and made three thousand more unfit for Habitation It was built by the Phaenicians and is mentioned by Strabo and Pliny Long. 16. 02. Lat. 36. 30. According to the Maps Long. 12. 42. Lat. 36. 09. Malatiah Melitene an ancient City in the Confines of the Greater Armenia upon the Euphrates seventy Miles from Samosat to the North and one hundred and fifty from Caesarea to the North-East It is an Archbishops See Long. 71. 00. Lat. 40. 32. According to the Maps 39. 52. Les Maidives Maldivae called the Naldives by the Natives there is an incredible number of them extending in a kind of a streight Line from nine deg of Northern Lat. to two deg beyond the Line and stretching from North-West to South-East to the South-West of the Cape of Comori or Malabar They are very fruitful and populous under one King whose Residence is in Male or Maldiva Francis Pirard has written a particular Discourse of these Islands said to be some thousands in number and to extend three hundred Leagues in length partly inhabited partly not that where the King resides is not above five Miles in compass whose Revenue principally consists in the fifth part of all the fruits and in the Confiscation of Wrecks He assumes the style of Sultan King of thirteen Provinces and twelve thousand Islands Maidon Camalodunum Camulodunum a Town in Essex in the Hundred of Dengy upon the River Chelmer on the Sea-shoar on the South side of that Arm of the Sea called Idumanius and about seven Miles distant from the Sea between which and it lie two small Islands called Northey and Osey This was the Royal City of Cunobelinus a British Prince who lived in the times of Tiberius and Caligula to whom one of his Sons fled Aulus Plautius the Roman General here in the Reign of Claudius fought Caractacus another of his Sons and slew him in Battel Claudius coming over into Britain in Person in the Third Year of his Reign in the 43 Year of Christ
had heretofore Kings of its own till the Portugueze expelled them But of late the Natives have expelled the Portugueze Matane a Country in Africa East of the Island of Madagascar where the French have some time since established Colonies Matapan Taenarus the most Southern Cape of all Europe in the Morea provided with two good Ports betwixt which the Turks in 1570. built a Fortress to bridle the Mainotes called Castro di Maini But the Venetians soon after destroyed it to favour the Mainotes with their Liberty again Mataya a Province towards the River of Amazons in South America betwixt the Mouth of the Rivers Madera and Tapaysa where they both fall into the River of Amazons Matayone a Dutchy in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples supposed to be the Magdalonum or the Meta Leonis of the Ancients Matera Mateola a City in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples in the Borders of the Basilicate and of the Territory of Bari upon the River Canapro seated in a Valley surrounded on all sides with Mountains This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari and now in a very good state it stands thirty six Miles from Taranto to the North-West and twenty five from Bari to the South-West Long. 40. 45. Lat. 40. 42. Materan or Materaw Materanum a great City on the South Side of the Isle of Iava in the East-Indies one hundred Leagues from Bantam to the East The Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name of great extent from East to West And once the Capital City of the whole Island of Iava Long. 135. 40. Southern Lat. 8. 20. Matharee or Matheree a sweet and delicious Seat two Leagues from Cairo in Aegypt concerning which the Cophtite Christians entertain a Tradition that the Blessed Virgin with the young Child reposed for some time there in their flight from Herod into this Kingdom Matin Mathis a River of Macedonia which falls into the Gulph of Venice near Durazzo Matique Matica a Province in Florida towards the Apalatean Hills Matâ—agia Messene a very ancient but ruined City in the Morea on the Southern Shoar towards the West Matzuma a Country in the Land of Jesso lately discovered by the Hollanders between Japan and Tartary which has a City of the same name See Jesso Maudre Modre Maldra a small River in the Isle of France which ariseth near Montfort and falls into the Seyne at Mayenne Maulcon a Town in Biscay Mauleon de Soule Malleo Mauleosolium a Town in the Pais des Basques in France The Capital of the Viscounty of Soule Mauli a River in Sicily See il fiume di Ragusa Mauâ—ve See Mauve Mauren-Haer Sogdiana a Province on the North-East of Persia Mauriac Mauriacum a Mountain in Auvergne Maurice Mauritia a City in Brasil in Pernambuck built by John Maurice Prince of Nassaw in 1644. The Capital of the Dutch Plantations in those Countries afterwards taken by the Portuguese This City stands upon the River Biberibi a little above its Mouth two Spanish Leagues from Olinda to the South and has a safe Port near Reciff It was called by the Dutch Mauritzstadt Maurienne a Valley or Province of Savoy extended from the Alpes to the River Isere on the one side and from la Tarantaise to Dauphine on the other It s Capital City is S. Jean de Maurienne an Episcopal See upon the River Arche This Valley has been honoured with the Title of an Earldom above six Ages since and some are of opinion that it anciently was the Seat of the Brannovices mentioned by Caesar Mauritania an ancient large Region of Africa which now lies contained within the Western part of Barbary They divided it into Caesariensis Tingitana and Sitifensis Mauritania Caesariensis had Getulia to the South the Mediterranean Sea to the North Tingitana to the West and Sitifensis to the East and is now almost wholly included in the West of the Kingdom of Algiers Mauritania Tingitania was bounded on all sides by the Atlantick and Mediterranean Oceans together with Caesariensis and Getulia And in the time of the Emperour Constantine was called by the Spaniards Mauritania Transfretana The name of Tingitana came from the City Tingi now Tangier Mauritania Sitifensis had for its bounds Numidia to the East Caesariensis to the West the Mediterranean to the North and Gaetulia to the South And the Eastern part of the present Kingdom of Algiers stands in this Mauritania Mauritz-Mylandt Cygnea an Island in the Aethiopian Sea upon the Coast of Africa called Docerne by the Portuguese who first discovered it See Isle Maurice Long. 80. Lat 20. South Mauritzlandt a part of America Magellanica in the Land of Fire on the South of the Streights of Magellan most extended to the East of those Streights and first discovered by the Hollanders in 1616. It had this name from the Prince of Orange who occasioned the Discovery Maurothalassa the Euxine Sea Maurum Taurus a Mountain in Asia Mauve Malva a small River in the Dukedom of Orleance which falls into the Loyre at Mehun four Leagues beneath Orleans to the West Baudrand writes Mauâ—ve St Maws a Borough and Market Town in the County of Cornwal in the Hundred of Powder returning two Members to the House of Commons Maxi Loryma or Laryma a City of Caria in the Lesser Asia over against the Isle of Rhodes which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Rhodes from whence it stands twenty Miles to the North. Mayence See Mentz Mayenne Meduana a fine City in the Province of Maine upon the River Mayne six Leagues from the Borders of Normandy towards Anjou twenty Miles from Angiers to the North the same distance from Dol in Bretagne to the East and from Rennes to the North-East This City is honoured with the Title of a Dukedom Mayn Meyn Moenus a River of Germany which ariseth from a double Spring in Mount Fichtelburg called Meiss-Mayn White Mayne and Rot-Mayn Red Mayn which two uniting in one Stream at Culembach and flowing Westward near Bamberg it receives the Rednitz Wareres Swinefurt Wurtsburg and Vertheim then cutting Franconia into two parts it passeth by Asburg and Franckfort augmented with the Saal Tauber and some smaller Rivers into the Rhine near but above Mentz Gustavus Adolphus laid a Bridge of Boats over this River which has not been-since continued See Mentz La Mayne Mayenne or Majene Meduana a River of France which ariseth in the Territory of Seez in the Borders of Normandy and flowing South through Maine watereth the City of Mayenne La Val the Castle of Gontier where it entereth Anjou and a little above Angiers being augmented with the Sartre and the Loir it falls into the great Loire above Nants twelve Leagues to the East Mayo Maii Insula an Island on the Coast of Africa in the Atlantick Ocean one of those that belongs to Cape Verde and famous for its Salt Works It is under the Portuguese Long. 366. 4. Lat. 50. 00. North. Mayo
private Buildings of great beauty and expence so that all considered it is one of the greatest richest and most populous Cities of Italy containing no less than seven Miles in compass and besides the Security the Sea gives it and the Neighbouring Mountains which serve instead of Ramparts it has four strong Castles or Citadels for its security which were built at several times by William III. a Norman Charles I. Brother to S. Lewis King of France Ferdinand King of Aragon and the Emperour Charles V. In the Metropolitan Church dedicated to S. Januarius they preserve the Blood of that Saint in a Glass congealed which they pretend melts and bubbles when the Head of the same Saint is brought near it And in the Church of the Dominicans they show the Crucifix which you are told spoke these words to S. Thomas Aquinas Benâ— de me scripsisti Thoma quamnam mercedem habebis whereunto he made answer Nullam domine praeter teipsum The Italians give Naples the name of la Gentile for its beauty and neatness it attracting all the Nobility of the Kingdom to it But their Proverb goes further Ma la gente cativa tuttavia un paradiso habitato da diavoli The people are bad it is altogether a Paradise inhabited by Devils This City is so very ancient it is reported to be built by Hercules about the year of the World 2725. in the times of Thola Judge of Israel The Chalcidians rebuilt or inlarged it and instead of Parthenope its old Name called it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is the New Town The Romans took it from the Samnites about the year of Rome 463. after three or four bloody Wars Being subjected to that State the Inhabitants of this City are much celebrated for their Fidelity to Rome and ever after the Battel of Cannae would not submit to Hannibal till he made use of force against them In the year of Rome 537. together with Rome and the rest of Italy in the fifth Century this City became a prey to the Goths and other Barbarous Nations amongst them to the Lombards from whom it passed to Charles the Great After this it fell under the Saracens In 1008. the Normans began under Tancred to enter upon this Stage whose Children drove out both the Greeks and Saracens and possessed this City and Kingdom under the Title of Earls of Calabria in 1216. there was an University opened here by Frederick II. Emperour of Germany The rest of its Fate depends on the Changes in the Kingdom except that prodigious Revolution in 1647. when one Masanello a poor Fisher Boy appearing against the Spaniards who had over-much oppressed this populous City by their Impositions raised such a storm against them as bid fair for the excluding them for ever out of that Kingdom In June 1688. Naples suffered extraordinarily by an Earthquake several days The Kingdom of Naples Nepolitanum Regnum has its name from its principal City but was at first called the Kingdom of Sicily as it is still in all the Publick Acts. It is bounded on the West with the Lands of the Church and on all other sides surrounded with the Mediterranean Sea Under the first Kings it was divided into four parts at present into twelve Provinces or Counties it has about thirty Cities great and small It s length from North to South ninety German Miles that is from the River of Tronto to the Cape of Spartivento and its breadth from Cape Massa not far from Naples to Cape Gargani or â—â—onte di S. Angelo on the Venetian Gulph thirty About the year of Christ 1000. this Kingdom was miserably harrased by the Saracens and Greeks then expelling the Children of Charles the Great The Normans drove out first the Saracens and then the Greeks In 1125. Pope Anacletus II. gave this Kingdom to Roger Earl of Sicily excluding the Children of William his Elder Brother In 1196 another Usurper dispossessed this Line and called in Henry VI. Emperour of Germany His Posterity injoyed it till 1261. when Charles Earl of Anjou entered and slew Manfred IV. the last of the German Line His Posterity injoyed it four Descents more when Charles IV. in the year 1371. entered and slew Joan Queen of Naples In the year 1434. Alphonso King of Arragon partly by Adoption and partly by Conquest got this Kingdom from another Joan the third of the Caroline Descent His Posterity injoyed it five Descents till Ferdinand III. King of Castile and Arragon dispossessed them in 1503. In this Family it is at this day Charles the present King of Spain being the sixth from Ferdinando Napo a River of the Kingdom of Peru in South America passing by Avila in the Province of Quiros to join it self with the River of Amazons Napoli di Barbaria a Town near Tripoli in Barbary called also Lebeda and Lepe Napoli di Nalvasia See Malvasia Napoli di Romania Nauplia Anaplia a City on the Eastern Shoar of the Morea in the Province of Romania anciently a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Corinth but that City being ruined it became an Archbishoprick it self This City stands upon the River Inachus sixty Miles from Misitra to the North-East fifty five from Athens to the North-West and thirty six from Corinth to the South Surrounded on all sides but the North with the Sea its Shoars are so very high and steep that an Enemy can neither land nor batter its Walls with their Cannon On the West it has a large and safe Haven secured by a Fort built upon a Rock in the midst of its Mouth and shut up on both sides by two Chains which from this Fort reach to the Town on the North side and to another Fort on the Continent to the South The Mountain of Palamede on the North commands the Town in all other points it is situated as well for Defence as Commerce equal to any place in Europe Said to have been built by Nauplius a Son of Hercules and to have been one of the most ancient Towns in the Morea It was first taken from the Greeks by the Venetians and French in 1205. But it did not long remain in their hands before it was retaker with the slaughter of all their Garrison and Governour In the thirteenth Century it fell into the hands of Mary d' Erigane Relict of Peter Son of Frederick Cornar Piscopia This Lady not being able to preserve it from the Turks resigned it to the Venetians in 1383. who fortified it the Turks however frequently attempted it Mahomet II. sent Machmut a Bassa with a potent Army to reduce it by force which design miscarried in 1460. After him Solyman the Magnificent in 1537. again besieged it and lost a great part of his Army to no purpose before it but about two years after upon a Treaty the Venetians surrendred it to purchase a Peace of him In 1686. the Venetians again came before it with a considerable Fleet and Army and having beaten the Serasquier of the Morea and
is three Miles in compass and stands in a fruitful well watered Plain Nicotera a City in the Further Calabria upon the Tyrrhenian Sea which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio little and not well inhabited having suffered very much by an Earthquake in 1638. Long. 40.00 Lat 38. 25. Nicoya a City and County in Nicaragua in New Spain in America Nicsia See Naxia Nidrosia a River of Norway which falls by Drontheim into the Virgivian Ocean the City Drontheim is called by the same name in Latin Writers In Lat. 64. 36. Nied Teutsche or Alleman Nita Germanica a River which ariseth in the Forest of Loraine and taking in the Nied Fransois Nitam Romanam which watereth Haudonville Estangs and Niedburg they thus united hast to Bosonville and there fall into the Seare or Sare a little above Trier Niemeca Germany Niemen See Memel Nienhuis Nienhusium a Castle near Paderborn upon the confluence of the Alme and the Lippe built by Theodore Furstemberg Bishop of Paderborn for the Residence of his Successors Nero Claudius and Charles the Great had before built Castles in this very place the first against the Sicambri the second against the Saxons Nieper Borysthenes a River of Poland very well known to Ptolemy and the Ancien's it ariseth in Moscovy in the Palatinate of Bielki near Dnieprisco and flowing Westward entereth Lithuania a Province of Poland watereth Smolensko and Orssa then turning South passeth by Mohilow Rohaozow and Rezozyca above which last it receives the Berezina from the West and passeth South-East to Lojoworod beneath which it takes in the Peripecz a vast River from the West So hasteth to Kiovia above which it admits the Deszna a vast River from the East from hence it runs South-East by Risszow Czyrcassy and as far as the Rocky Stones where it turns South-West by the Zaporavia Islands and falls into the Euxine Sea almost four English Miles East of Bialogrod a few Miles above its Outlet it takes in the Bog a vast River from the West It has seventy five Miles above its Outlets thirteen Cataracts called by the Inhabitants Porowys which make it impossible to carry any Boat higher up its Stream The Niester Tyras a River of Poland called also the Turla it springeth out of a small Lake in Red Russia nine Polish Miles from Premysle to the East and four from Lemberg to the South running East through Pokutie and Podolia it separates Braclaw from Walachia and in Bessarabia falls into the Euxine Sea sixty Miles from the Mouth of the Danube to the North. Baudrand But the latter Maps make it not much above twenty English Miles Nigeboli Nicopolis a City built by Trajan after the Conquest of Decebalus King of the Dacians who was a valiant and wise Prince at the Confluence of the Isacar and the Danube in Bulgaria It was at first a Bishoprick but now an Archbishops See commonly called Nigeboli but by the Turks Sciltaro Ten Hungarian Miles from the Borders of Servia to the East and three from Silistria to the North. Near this City the Christians received a great Overthrow from the Turks in 1393 under Sigismund the Emperor Long. 50. 20. Lat. 45. 15. Nigir Niger the greatest River of Africa called by the Inhabitants Huid Nijar it ariseth in Aethiopia from a Lake of the same Name and turning Westward divides Nigritia into two parts to the East and West the space of eight hundred Leagues It encreases in the middle of June like the Nile and overflows the Country This continues twenty four days and the decrease the same After a long Course and the Reception of many Rivers whose Names are unknown to us it falls into the Atlantick Ocean by six great Outlets which are all but one South of Cape Verde Nigritia a large Country of Africa extended on each side the River Niger which divides it from East to West into two parts lying and bounded betwixt Guinee to the South the Atlantick Ocean to the West and the vast deserts of Zaara to the East and North. The Kingdoms of Borno Agades Cano or Ghana Tombut Gualata Guenehoa Gaoga and divers others of note and great extent are contained in this division of Africa The Inhabitants are the Negroes above-mentioned who make a Trade of selling not only the Prisoners they steal or force from their Neighbors but even their own Wives and Children for Slaves to the Europeans Nile Nilus a vast River in Africa which ariseth from two Fountains in the higher Aethiopia in the Abyssins Empire in a Country called Sacahala amongst high Mountains and being enlarged by the Gema Kelti and Branti it passeth through the South part of the Lake of Dambea to the greatest Cataracts Before it enters Nubia it takes in the River Meleg and afterwards the Tacaze at Jalac and entering and traversing the Vpper Egypt four Miles beneath Grand Cairo it divides first into two and after into more Branches which anciently made the number of seven but are now reduced to four the rest being stopped up by the Sands of the Mediterranean Sea and those brought down by the River the Mahometan Princes who have been many Ages Lords of Egypt taking no care to keep them open The Eastern Branch falls into the Mediterranean Sea by Damiata and was of old called Os Pelusiacum The Western was then named Canopus and falls into the same Sea below Rosetto These two make the Delta an Island which is the richest portion of Land in Egypt There are two other Outlets between these but poor in Waters saith Mr. Sandys This River is the only cause of the Fertility of Egypt beginning every year to rise with the Rising Sun June 17. and swelling sometimes to twenty four Cubits About the middle of September it begins to decrease about a Month after they sow their Grounds and in May reap them The Cause of this Inundation is now known to be the Rains which fall in Aethiopia for three Months together in their Winter and the Aegyptian Summer They of Egypt owe not only their Food but many of them their Lives to the swellings of this River insomuch that when five hundred die of the Plague at Grand Cairo the day before not one dies the day after These Waters are sweet to the taste cool and wholsom and extremely Nutritive both to Plants and Animals It has plenty of Fish and too many Crocodiles some of which live to be thirty foot long but rarely come so low as Grand Cairo Mr. Thevenot begins the encrease of the Nile May 16. or 20. and saith the Publication is made June 28. or 29. He saith they give no account of its encrease beyond September 24 tho it often swells to the beginning of October and gradually abates till the Month of May. He gives also this account of the Head of the Nile from the Report of an Aethiopian Ambassador he met at Grand Cairo The Head of Nile is a Well that springs out of the Ground in a large Plain called
North America in the Province of Acadia was taken by the English and restored to the French by the Treaty of Breda in 1667. It stands at the bottom of the Bay of France and has a safe and large Harbour Port Royal a Port in Florida near Virginia Port Royal a celebrated Nunnery near Cheureuse in France six Leagues from Paris Port Royal a Port on the South of Jamaica in the Hands of the English by whom the Town was built Which before the late dreadful Earthquake 1692 ruined the greatest part of it had in it above one thousand and five hundred Houses and extended twelve Miles in length extremely populous it being the Scale of Trade in that Island It is seated at the end of a long point of Land which makes the Harbor and runs into the Main about twelve Miles having the Sea on the South and the Harbor on the North. The Harbor is about three Leagues broad and in most places so deep that a Ship of one thousand Tun may lay her sides to the Shoar of the Point Lead and Unload at pleasure and it affords good Anchorage all over For the security of it there is built a very strong Castle always well Garrisoned with Soldiers and has sixty pieces of Cannon mounted Yet this Town stands upon a loose Sand which affords neither Grass Stone fresh Water Trees nor any other thing that could encourage the building of a Town besides the goodness and convenience of the Harbor Porto Sabione Edron a Port on the Gulph of Venice near Chiosa Fossa Clodia a City in that State twenty five Miles from Venice Porto di Salo Salorius a Port in Catalonia four Miles from Tarragona towards Barcinone Porto Santo Cerne one of the Azore Islands discovered by the Portuguese in 1428 and by them called Ilha de Puerto Santo Not far from the Madera about eight Leagues in Circuit Porto Seguro a City Port and Prefecture in Brasil in South America upon the Sea Coast under the Portuguese The Prefecture lyes betwixt that called los Isleos and the other of Spiritu Santo Port Uendres Portus Veneris a large Port in the County of Russilion upon the Mediterranean Sea in the Borders of Catalonia Seventeen Miles from Perpignan to the North-East It has this name from a Temple dedicated to Venus in the times of Paganism which stood near it Porto Uenere Portus Venerii Portus Veneris a Town in the States of Genoua which has a Haven and a Castle built by the Genouese in 1113 seated over against the Isle of Palmaria Sixty Miles from Genoua and three from the Gulph del Spezza to the East Porto Uiejo a Town and Port in Peru in South America upon the Pacifick Ocean in the Province and not far from the City Quito Porto Zora Pisidon a City of Africa Propria mentioned by Ptolemy now called Zora by the Europeans and Zuarat by the Moors It is a strong Place which has a large Harbor belonging to it in the Kingdom of Tunis one hundred and twenty Miles from Tripoli to the West taken and plundered by the Knights of Malta not long since Portsmouth Portus Magnus a Town in Hampshire in the Hundred of Ports down of great Antiquity called by Ptolemy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Great Haven the Old Town then stood higher up The New Town is built upon an Island called Portsey which is about fourteen Miles in Circuit and at a full Tide floats in Salt Water by a Bridge on the North joined to the Continent The Town is fortified with a Timber Wall covered with Earth on the North-East near the Gate it has a Fort and two Block-Houses at the entry of the Haven built of hewen Stone by Edward IV. and Henry VII To which Qu. Elizabeth added other Works and a Garrison to watch and defend the Place The latter Princes have built Store-houses for all sorts of Naval Provisions and Docks for the building of Ships In Mr. Cambdens time it was more resorted to on the account of War than Commerce and had little other Trade than what arose from the boiling of Salt But since its Trade is much encreased It is grown populous a good Nursery for Sea-men and a Corporation represented by two Burgesses in the Lower House of Parliament Giving also the Title of Dutchess to the Lady Louisa de Querouaille Created by K. Charles II. 1673. Baroness of Petersfield Countess of Farnham and Dutchess of Portsmouth Portugal Lusitania Portugallia a Kingdom on the West of Spain bounded on the West by the Atlantick Ocean on the South by Algarve which is annexed to this Kingdom on the East by Andalusia Extremadura and Leon and on the North by Gallicia It lies on the Sea Coast from North to South four hundred Miles not above one hundred where broadest and eighty in the narrower places eight hundred and seventy nine in Compass Divided into five Provinces to wit Entre Douero è Minho Tra los Montes Beira Estremadura and Alentejo or Entre Tejo è Guadiana whereunto was added Algarve under Alphonsus III. with the Title of a Kingdom The principal Rivers are those four expressed in the Names of the Provinces Douero Minho Tajo and Guadiana which furnish the Kingdom with very convenient Ports It was anciently called Lusitania from the the Lusitani its first Inhabitants and took the present Name about the fifth Century from Poriocale a celebrated Mart. The Air is generally healthful the Earth Hilly and Barren especially as to Corn which is much of it imported from France But it yields Wine Fruits Fish Game Salt Horses and Mines And is so very populous about Spain especially towards the Sea that they reckon more than four hundred Cities or great privileged Towns three Archbishopricks ten Bishopricks and above four thousand Parishes This Kingdom is said to be founded by one Henry Earl of Lorain about 1099. For this Prince having shewn much Gallantry in the Wars against the Moors was by Alphonsus VI. King of Castile rewarded with the Marriage of Teresia a Natural Daughter of his and a part of this Kingdom with the Title of an Earl The Son of this Henry Alphonsus I. having in 1139. in the Battel of Obrique defeated five Moorish Kings assumed the Title of King This Prince assembled the Estates of his Kingdom at Lamego in the Province of Beira who there passed a Law called the Law or Statute of Lamego for the exclusion of Strangers from the Crown which remains in full force to this day His Posterity enjoyed this Kingdom and very much inlarged it by Victories against the Moors at home and by the Discovery of several unknown Countries abroad for seventeen Descents Amongst which John I. styled the Father of his Country succeeded in 1385. tho only the Natural Son of Peter I. the King save one immediately preceding his ascension But Sebastian a young Prince who succeeded King John III. in 1557. perishing in a Battel in Africa in 1580. and Henry dying soon after who was a
Pius II. It was a flourishing University in 1386. but when founded is not known to me Several Popes Alexander III. Pius II. Pius III. Alexander VII and great Men have been Natives of this place its greatest glory is S. Catherine of Siena a Dominican who persuaded Pope Gregory IX to leave Avignon She died in 1380. Canonized by Pope Pius II. in 1461. Sierra-Liona a chain of Mountains upon the Frontiers of Nigritia and Guinee in Africa therefore placed sometimes in the one and sometimes in the other by Writers It gives name to the River Sierra-Liona and to a large African Kingdom whither the English French Dutch and Porteguese traffick for Ivory Ambergrease Pepper Crystal Coral pieces of Gold c. The English for the security of their Commerce built themselves a Fort upon the River Sierra-Liona which in 1664 was lost to the Dutch In 1607 the King of this Country with his Family and others received Christian Baptism of Father Barreira a Portuguese Jesuit of the Mission The Portuguese called him Dom Philippe de Lion in allusion to the name of his Kingdom The present King is also a Christian tho the greatest part of the People Heathens His Kingdom extends from Cape Verga to Cape Tagrin and hath its name from the noise of the Sea against the Rocks and the thunder from the Mountains of it resembling the roaring of a Lion Sierras-Nevadas a Chain of Mountains in Castile d'Or in South America extended the space of forty Leagues and accounted two in height being tho near the Line in the hottest seasons always covered on the top with Snow as it is intimated in its Name Siga a City of Mauritania Caesariensis in Africa with a Port upon the Mediterranean in the Kingdom of Algiers It is an ancient City and in Christian times has been a Bishop's See Now called Humain A River of its own name Siga falls into the Mediterranean here Sigan a City of the Province of Xensi in China which is the Capital over thirty five other Cities Sige and Sigeium Promontorium an ancient Episcopal City of Troas in Asia minor ruined For the Promontory see Janizzari Sigeth Salinae Metuharis a strong Town the Head of a County of the same Name in the lower Hungary seated in a Marsh made by the River Alme two Hungarian Miles from the Drave seven from Alba Regalis to the South and five from Quinque Ecclesiae to the West It has a very strong Castle fortified with three Ditches and as many Walls which added to the situation of it make it very considerable Solyman the Magnificent ended his Life at Quinque Ecclesiae during the Siege of this place which was yielded to the Turks September 7. 1566 after a Defence that wanted nothing but Success to have rendered it the most celebrated that has happened Nicolas Esdrin Count of Serini Governour of it being slain in the last Sally which he made at the head of his remaining Forces It is now in the Emperor's hands by re-conquest surrendred January 15 1688. The Imperialists found therein eighty five pieces of Cannon § There is another Town of the same Name in the Vpper Hungary near the Fountains of the Tibiscus in the Principality of Transylvania Sign a Venetian Garrison in Dalmatia besieged by the Turks twenty four days in 1687 and relieved by the Forces of the Republick under General Cornaro Silaro Silarus a River in the Kingdom of Naples in former times the Boundary of Lucania and now often called il Selo and il Silaro It ariseth in the Hither Principate from the Apennine and falls into the Bay of Salerno eighteen Miles from that City to the East Il Sile Silis a River in the States of Venice which watereth the City of Treviso and then falls into the Adriatick Sea Silesia a great Province in the Kingdom of Bohemia called by the Inhabitants Slisko by the Poles Slusko by the Germans Schlesien Bounded on the East by Poland on the North by the Marquisate of Brandenburgh on the West with Lusatia and Bohemia properly so called on the South with Moravia and the Vpper Hungary It was for eight hundred and sixty years a part of Poland and revolted from that Crown under Vladislaus Loch King of Poland in 1327. In the fifteenth Century this Country generally imbraced the Doctrines of John Hus which were tolerated by Rhodolphus II. in 1609. It had at first several Princes of Royal and Sovereign Jurisdictions in their several Principalities which together with the Piastean Family ended in the Person of George William in 1675 whereupon that Country returned entirely to the Emperor as King of Bohemia having been above three hundred years ago united to the Kingdom of Bohemia The Principal Cities and Towns in this Province are Brieg Crossen Glogaw Grotkaw Jawer Lignitz Monsterberg Olss Troppaw Oppelen Ratibor Sagan Schweidnitz Volaw and Breslaw which is the Capital City of this Country It is divided into the Vpper and Lower Silesia The Isles of Silly Silurum Insulae Casiterides a knot of Islands in the Vergivian Ocean to the West of the Land's end of Cornwal an hundred and twenty Miles South of the Coast in Ireland sixty from the Land's end and an hundred and forty from Cape S. Mahe in Britagne The French call them the Sorlingues They are and ever have been under the Crown of England in all above an hundred and forty five all clad with Grass or green Moss The greatest of them is S. Mary which has a Town and Harbor of the same Name Where Queen Elizabeth in 1593 built a Castle to defend it from the Spaniards and fixed a Garrison in it King Athelstane was the first of the Saxon Kings that conquered them See Cambden Simmeren a Town and County in the Palatinate of the Rhine in Germany The Town hath a Castle belonging to it Simois a small River of Troas in Phrygia in the Lesser Asia It arileth out of Mount Ida and joining with the Scamander falls into the Archipelago together with it near Cape Janizari at the entrance into the Streights of Gallipoli Sin Sina a City in the Kingdom of China in the Province of Choquang seated at the foot of a Mountain § Also a Desart betwixt the Mountains Elim and Sinai in Arabia whither the Israelites in their March came the fifteenth day after their departure from Egypt and murmuring for hunger were relieved by an extraordinary Rain of Quails and Manna Exod. 16. 4. 13. Sinai a part of the Mountain Horeb upon the Coast of the Red Sea in the Stony Arabia separated by a large Valley from the Mountain of S. Catherine It hath at some distance from its foot a Spring of good Water and upon the top two Grotto's in Rocks at this day said to be the place where Moses received the Tables of the Law and where he passed his forty days fast It is now wholly covered with a Multitude of Chappels Convents Cells and Gardens possessed by some Latin amongst a crowd of