not_o absolute_o acquire_v by_o livery_n of_o seisin_n but_o as_o it_o be_v now_o this_o seizure_n in_o dominico_n etc._n etc._n be_v twofold_a direct_v or_o mere_o for_o use_v direct_v which_o be_v also_o term_v absolute_a be_v that_o which_o comprehend_v both_o property_n and_o use_n the_o other_o consist_v sole_o in_o the_o benefit_n and_o use_v of_o a_o thing_n 12._o thing_n bract._n l._n 4._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 27._o n._n 6._o &_o tr_fw-la 4._o c._n 4._o fl._n l._n 1._o c._n 12._o 2._o the_o english_a have_v a_o full_a dominion_n and_o power_n of_o thing_n corporeal_a and_o movable_a but_o not_o of_o immovable_a if_o we_o except_o the_o supreme_a power_n and_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n for_o the_o subject_n have_v not_o a_o absolute_a freehold_n in_o their_o land_n and_o tenement_n but_o a_o fee_n only_o and_o that_o fee_n do_v not_o comprise_v so_o absolute_a a_o power_n appear_v not_o only_o by_o those_o author_n who_o write_v of_o fee_n 1._o fee_n anto._n con._n in_o feodorum_fw-la comment_fw-fr c._n 2._o matthae_fw-la we_o â—â—esenbecius_fw-la in_o tr_fw-la de_fw-fr feodis_fw-la c._n 1._o but_o even_o by_o littleton_n himself_o when_o he_o say_v that_o such_o a_o one_o be_v seize_v of_o such_o a_o estate_n in_o his_o demesne_n as_o of_o fee_n by_o which_o word_n he_o affirm_v the_o high_a and_o full_a title_n to_o be_v express_v and_o these_o word_n as_o of_o fee_n do_v abate_v somewhat_o of_o a_o absolute_a power_n and_o argue_v a_o tenure_n from_o a_o superior_a but_o that_o these_o word_n be_v sometime_o refer_v to_o the_o king_n demesne_n 16._o demesne_n in_o 27_o h._n 8_o 16._o be_v either_o from_o the_o ignorance_n of_o speak_v and_o apply_v or_o else_o that_o distinction_n be_v maintain_v by_o which_o some_o will_v have_v a_o double_a acceptation_n of_o the_o word_n fee_fw-mi viz._n one_o by_o which_o a_o man_n hold_v a_o immovable_a thing_n by_o any_o title_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n the_o other_o by_o which_o one_o hold_v from_o another_o by_o rent_n or_o service_n or_o both_o 5._o both_o flet._n l._n 5._o c._n 5._o whereas_o fee_n in_o the_o second_o acceptation_n be_v never_o without_o the_o oath_n of_o fealty_n b._n fealty_n term_n of_o the_o law_n v._o fealty_n fulb._n paral._n c._n seigniority_n f._n 19_o b._n which_o the_o king_n never_o give_v to_o any_o one_o as_o have_v a_o absolute_a power_n praemi_fw-la power_n fort._n c._n 9_o bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o brit._n in_o praemi_fw-la 3._o fee_n which_o be_v in_o latin_a feodum_fw-la and_o by_o some_o feodum_fw-la come_v from_o the_o german_a fief_o which_o signify_v a_o inheritance_n hold_v of_o another_o 11._o another_o hottoman_n b._n disput_fw-la c._n 11._o and_o be_v by_o those_o that_o write_v of_o fee_n define_v to_o be_v a_o immovable_a thing_n give_v to_o another_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o property_n continue_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o donor_n but_o the_o benefit_n and_o use_n be_v to_o the_o donee_n and_o his_o heir_n male_n or_o female_n for_o ever_o so_o long_o as_o the_o donee_n and_o his_o heir_n do_v faithful_o their_o service_n to_o the_o lord_n 3._o lord_n anto._n continus_fw-la in_o com._n sup_v feod_a c._n 3._o so_o that_o fidelity_n or_o fealty_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o fee_n and_o nothing_o else_o yet_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o it_o be_v not_o bestow_v gratis_o but_o for_o some_o small_a consideration_n of_o money_n in_o the_o name_n of_o rent_n or_o for_o service_n 8._o service_n duar._n in_o com._n sup_v feod_a c._n 12._o smyth_n com._n l._n 3._o c._n 8._o but_o we_o understand_v by_o fee_n all_o which_o we_o hold_v to_o we_o and_o our_o heiâ—â—_n 1._o heiâ—â—_n bract._n l._n 4._o tr_fw-la 3._o c._n 9_o n._n 6._o lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o 4._o fee_fw-mi as_o it_o be_v take_v for_o a_o inheritance_n hold_v of_o another_o be_v hold_v either_o of_o the_o king_n or_o a_o subject_n or_o that_o we_o may_v use_v our_o owâ—_n phrase_n a_o common_a person_n fee_n that_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n be_v double_a either_o in_o right_n of_o his_o crown_n which_o we_o call_v tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o of_o some_o honour_n or_o manor_n appertain_v to_o the_o crown_n but_o a_o subject_n although_o he_o may_v have_v other_o who_o hold_v of_o he_o in_o fee_n from_o who_o he_o may_v exact_v fealty_n yet_o himself_o be_v either_o mediate_o or_o immediate_o feodary_n to_o the_o king_n for_o all_o the_o land_n of_o this_o kingdom_n which_o be_v not_o hold_v of_o other_o by_o service_n be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o belong_v to_o he_o either_o as_o ancient_a demesne_n escheat_n or_o perquisites_n 5._o fee_fw-mi be_v divide_v into_o many_o species_n either_o from_o the_o effect_n or_o from_o some_o cause_n efficient_a or_o formal_a but_o we_o shall_v only_o discourse_v brief_o here_o of_o those_o which_o we_o meet_v with_o most_o frequent_o in_o our_o book_n 6._o fee_fw-mi therefore_o be_v either_o liege_n or_o nonleige_v some_o feodists_n ib._n feodists_n duar._n ib._n will_v have_v it_o to_o come_v from_o the_o italian_a word_n liga_fw-la which_o signify_v a_o band_n or_o league_n and_o that_o because_o it_o tie_v and_o oblige_v the_o vassal_n for_o liege_n be_v proper_o where_o any_o one_o swear_v fealty_n to_o his_o lord_n non-liege_n be_v when_o with_o the_o exception_n of_o another_o the_o first_o be_v due_a only_a to_o the_o king_n the_o late_a to_o common_a person_n 1._o person_n 10_o r._n 2._o &_o 11._o c._n 1._o &_o 34._o &_o 35._o c._n 3._o lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 1._o 7._o again_o fee_n be_v either_o royal_a or_o noâ—_n royal_a royal_a be_v the_o great_a for_o that_o it_o have_v somewhat_o of_o royalty_n in_o it_o as_o from_z whence_o any_o one_o be_v institute_v from_o the_o king_n â—eing_v absolute_a without_o acknowledge_v a_o superior_a of_o this_o sort_n be_v those_o which_o have_v a_o dignity_n or_o honour_n conjoin_v with_o the_o powâ—â—_n of_o their_o privilege_n and_o be_v by_o we_o style_v surety_n or_o prerogative_n royal_a as_o where_o â—â—e_z king_n grant_v by_o his_o charter_n to_o any_o subâ—â—ct_n the_o view_n of_o a_o frank_a pledge_n the_o plea_n 〈◊〉_d imprand_a the_o amendment_n of_o the_o fault_n 〈◊〉_d assize_n the_o adjudge_v of_o robber_n as_o infangâ—â—eife_n and_o outfang_a thief_n soc_n sac_n tol_o theme_n â—o_o punish_v by_o the_o gallow_n or_o other_o punishment_n which_o the_o execution_n of_o judgement_n â—â—all_v require_v good_n of_o felon_n and_o which_o appertain_v to_o the_o peace_n and_o consequent_o to_o â—â—e_z crown_n 35._o crown_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o n._n 7._o &_o c._n 24._o &_o l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 2._o c._n 35._o wreck_n of_o the_o sea_n whale_n â—uâ—geons_n free_a warren_n fair_a 46._o fair_a bract_n l._n 4._o tt_z 1._o c._n 46._o and_o those_o â—â—her_a thing_n which_o fall_v within_o the_o king_n derogative_n but_o of_o these_o fee_n there_o be_v â—â—th_v we_o certain_a degree_n since_o some_o have_v a_o â—â—eater_a number_n some_o a_o lesser_a grant_v unto_o â—â—em_n the_o first_o the_o principallity_n of_o wales_n claim_v 〈◊〉_d right_a 28._o right_a polid._n vir._n in_o ed._n 1._o f._n 343._o lin_v 28._o which_o from_o the_o time_n of_o edwardâ—â—e_n â—â—e_z first_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o king_n elder_a son_n â—nd_v the_o second_o be_v claim_v by_o the_o four_o paâ—â—tinates_n or_o county_n palatine_n lancaster_n â—â—rham_n chester_n and_o ely_n 25._o ely_n 5_o elix_fw-la c._n 23._o 17_o ed._n 4._o c._n 1._o 27_o h._n 8._o c._n 25._o and_o these_o have_v those_o fee_n which_o we_o calâ—â—d_v honour_n which_o the_o king_n beside_o the_o jurisdiction_n contingent_a to_o court_n baron_n have_v â—â—anted_v some_o though_o not_o all_o these_o royallâ—â—es_n out_o of_o his_o munificence_n 18._o munificence_n 31_o h._n 8._o c._n 5._o &_o 33._o c._n 37_o 38._o &_o 37._o c._n 18._o 8._o three_o fee_n be_v either_o noble_a or_o ignoble_a â—â—oble_a be_v that_o which_o have_v any_o dignity_n annex_v to_o it_o or_o which_o ennoble_v the_o possessor_n or_o conclude_v he_o to_o be_v noble_a and_o of_o the_o sort_n with_o we_o be_v those_o which_o we_o call_v mannâ—â—_n who_o lord_n have_v some_o jurisdiction_n thouâ—â—_n not_o royal_a over_o those_o which_o hold_v of_o their_o 〈◊〉_d 4_o 〈◊〉_d perk._n 670._o fulb._n par_fw-fr seig._n f._n 18._o kitch_n f._n 4_o ignoble_a be_v that_o which_o depend_v of_o such_o manor_n and_o be_v grant_v to_o countryman_n 〈◊〉_d their_o heir_n for_o some_o base_a service_n this_o 〈◊〉_d common_o call_v freehold_n 9_o four_o fee_n be_v either_o new_a or_o anâ—â—ent_a auncestrell_n anâ—â—ent_a homage_n auncestrell_n new_a be_v there_o where_o any_o one_o be_v first_o all_o invest_v by_o the_o chief_a lord_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d and_o that_o either_o by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o the_o loâ—â—_n or_o for_o money_n pay_v to_o the_o former_a
feodary_n for_o he_o be_v the_o first_o of_o a_o new_a family_n who_o yeiâ—â—_n homage_n and_o fealty_n 7_o fealty_n lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 7_o ancient_a fee_n be_v who_o the_o feodary_n and_o his_o ancestor_n time_n out_o 〈◊〉_d mind_n have_v hold_v such_o a_o fee_n and_o here_o the_o fâ—â—dists_n aunce_v fâ—â—dists_n id._n ib._n &_o new_a term_n tit_n hom._n aunce_v place_n a_o medium_fw-la between_o these_o two_o 〈◊〉_d paternal_a fee_n which_o come_v by_o four_o degreese_v descent_n and_o they_o define_v that_o to_o be_v the_o ancient_a which_o descend_v from_o more_o 10._o more_o duar._n come_v in_o con_fw-la feod_a c._n 4._o n._n 10._o 10._o five_o fee_n be_v divide_v into_o ecclesiastics_n and_o laic_a or_o secular_a ecclesiastic_a be_v thâ—_n which_o be_v possess_v either_o by_o ecclesiastic_a person_n or_o which_o belong_v to_o church_n 〈◊〉_d that_o which_o be_v hold_v by_o lay_v person_n and_o cannâ—â—_n be_v possess_v by_o ecclesiastic_a and_o indeed_o 〈◊〉_d fee_n as_o with_o we_o laic_a unless_o they_o become_v â—â—ther_n by_o some_o special_a grant_n from_o the_o king_n which_o we_o call_v give_v to_o mortmain_n hist_o mortmain_n mag._n char._n c._n 36._o 18_o e_o 3_o stat._n 3._o c._n 3._o 15_o r._n 2._o c._n 5._o pol._n virg._n l._n 17._o eng._n hist_o 11._o six_o fee_fw-mi be_v distinguish_v 〈◊〉_d masculine_a and_o feminine_a masculine_a be_v thâ—_n which_o be_v give_v to_o the_o feodary_n and_o the_o heiâ—_n males_n of_o his_o body_n and_o of_o this_o kind_a 〈◊〉_d those_o of_o duke_n marquess_n earl_n viscount_n 〈◊〉_d baron_n for_o the_o most_o part_n which_o 〈◊〉_d defect_n of_o heir_n male_n be_v extinguish_v 〈◊〉_d return_n into_o the_o supremacy_n from_o whence_o â—â—ey_n issue_v but_o these_o be_v at_o this_o day_n rather_o â—itles_n of_o honour_n then_o fee_n in_o regard_n they_o â—re_n for_o the_o most_o part_n confer_v without_o 〈◊〉_d feminine_a be_v that_o which_o may_v descend_v to_o â—â—e_v â—â—male_a issue_n as_o when_o it_o be_v give_v indefinite_o 〈◊〉_d the_o feodary_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o so_o that_o or_o default_n of_o heir_n male_n it_o may_v come_v to_o â—he_n female_n and_o their_o issue_n 4._o issue_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 34._o &_o l._n 1_o c._n 8._o n._n 4._o 12._o last_o fee_n be_v either_o pure_a or_o simple_a or_o conditional_a simple_n be_v that_o which_o be_v hold_v 〈◊〉_d a_o simple_a and_o perpetual_a right_n to_o the_o feodary_a and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o conditional_a 〈◊〉_d that_o which_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o feodary_n and_o â—uch_n or_o such_o heir_n for_o default_n of_o which_o it_o return_v to_o the_o donor_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o therefore_o he_o that_o have_v land_n give_v to_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n and_o to_o his_o heir_n beget_v of_o she_o in_o â—ase_n she_o die_v without_o issue_n before_o he_o be_v call_v â—enant_n in_o tail_n after_o hope_n or_o possibility_n of_o issue_n extinct_a for_o this_o kind_n of_o fee_n with_o we_o be_v call_v fee-tail_n come_v from_o the_o french_a word_n tallier_n to_o cut_v part_n or_o divide_v as_o if_o we_o shall_v say_v a_o fee_n by_o some_o mean_v sever_v or_o diminish_v 13_o diminish_v lit._n l._n r._n c._n 1_o &_o 1_o instit_fw-la jur._n come_v c._n 11._o &_o 13_o 13._o and_o this_o kind_n of_o fee_n be_v double_a viz._n taile_n general_a and_o tail_n special_a general_n taile_n be_v where_o a_o fee_n be_v give_v to_o the_o feodary_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o he_o lawful_o beget_v or_o to_o be_v beget_v for_o in_o this_o case_n the_o child_n of_o either_o wife_n whether_o first_o second_o or_o three_o shall_v inherit_v special_a tail_n be_v where_o a_o fee_n be_v give_v to_o the_o feodary_n and_o his_o wife_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o either_o of_o they_o 1._o they_o lit._n ib._n inst_z jur._n c._n 12._o west_n 2._o c._n 1._o or_o according_a to_o some_o when_o it_o be_v give_v to_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n and_o one_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n lawful_o to_o be_v beget_v and_o one_o heir_n of_o that_o heâ—â—_n only_o 171_o only_o perk._n 171_o but_o this_o whether_o it_o be_v proper_o to_o be_v style_v a_o fee_n for_o want_n of_o perpetuity_n may_v 〈◊〉_d be_v doubt_v 14._o now_o a_o fee_n be_v not_o limit_v to_o one_o feodary_n but_o may_v be_v possess_v by_o more_o so_o thaâ—_n they_o be_v call_v partner_n joynt-tenant_n 〈◊〉_d tenant_n in_o common_a 15._o common_a lit._n l._n 3._o c._n 3_o inst_z jur._n come_v c._n 15._o partner_n be_v either_o by_o law_n or_o custom_n by_o law_n be_v sister_n coheir_n because_o the_o heir_n male_n be_v dead_a they_o equal_o succeed_v their_o parent_n in_o the_o fee_n 3_o fee_n id._n c._n 1._o &_o 3_o by_o custom_n be_v brother_n in_o maâ—â—_n counties_n especial_o in_o kent_n from_o the_o custom_n of_o gauâ—lkind_n call_v so_o from_o the_o equality_n of_o apportion_v the_o inheritance_n 2._o inheritance_n id._n c._n 2._o joynt-tenant_n be_v they_o which_o hold_v lanâ—â—_n or_o tenement_n by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o title_n but_o not_o hereditary_a tenant_n in_o common_a 〈◊〉_d those_o which_o possess_v land_n or_o tenement_n 〈◊〉_d indiviso_fw-la by_o divers_a title_n as_o in_o case_n one_o coheir_n sell_v her_o part_n to_o a_o stranger_n he_o be_v not_o joynt-tenant_n with_o the_o other_o partner_n but_o be_v called-tenant_n in_o common_a 15._o common_a id._n c._n 4._o inst_z jur._n come_v c._n 15._o 15._o a_o fee_n with_o we_o be_v not_o only_o of_o corporal_a thing_n but_o incorporal_a also_o for_o the_o custody_n of_o a_o forest_n 209._o forest_n vid._n n._n b._n f._n 6._o dyer_n f._n 30._o n._n 209._o prison_n 41._o prison_n id._n f._n 41._o or_o county_n 8._o county_n 28_o ed._n 1._o stat._n 3._o c._n 8._o may_v be_v grant_v to_o one_o in_o fee_n and_o the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o a_o annual_a rent_n 8._o rent_n vid._n n._n b._n foâ—_n 8._o and_o of_o a_o advowson_n sever_v and_o not_o appertain_v to_o any_o manor_n which_o we_o call_v a_o advowson_n in_o gross_a 105._o gross_a lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o bro._n tit_n tenor_n 105._o now_o there_o be_v many_o service_n pertain_v to_o a_o fee_n which_o we_o shall_v mention_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n 16._o there_o be_v belong_v even_o as_o it_o be_v to_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o fee_n fee_n farm_n free_a farm_n and_o free_a tenement_n fee_n farm_n be_v a_o tenure_n of_o land_n and_o tenement_n grant_v to_o any_o one_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o a_o yearly_a rent_n which_o equal_v the_o three_o b._n three_o f._n n._n b._n fol._n 210._o b._n or_o at_o the_o least_o the_o four_o part_n farm_n part_n old_a tenure_n ver_fw-la fee_fw-mi farm_n of_o the_o true_a value_n without_o any_o other_o service_n then_o what_o be_v express_v in_o a_o charter_n of_o feoffment_n 463._o feoffment_n west_n part_n 1._o symb_n 463._o some_o affirm_v that_o a_o fee_fw-mi farm_n can_v only_o be_v grant_v for_o the_o life_n of_o the_o farmer_n and_o some_o will_v have_v it_o fealty_n although_o not_o express_v law_n express_v new_a term_n of_o the_o law_n in_o the_o feoffment_n and_o other_o that_o reasonable_a relief_n 9_o relief_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 39_o n._n 9_o be_v due_a of_o right_n from_o the_o fee-farmer_n to_o the_o donor_n but_o the_o condition_n of_o this_o tenure_n be_v such_o that_o if_o rent_n be_v not_o pay_v by_o the_o tenant_n for_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n than_o the_o lord_n or_o feoffer_n may_v recover_v the_o land_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n upon_o his_o action_n 17._o britton_n make_v free_a farm_n where_o land_n and_o tenement_n be_v so_o give_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o fee_n by_o feoffment_n be_v change_v from_o knight_n service_n to_o certain_a annual_a service_n so_o that_o there_o be_v neither_o marriage_n nor_o relief_n requirable_a nor_o any_o other_o service_n express_v in_o the_o feoffment_n 66._o feoffment_n brit._n c._n 66._o but_o i_o do_v not_o remember_v that_o i_o have_v read_v this_o in_o any_o other_o author_n 18._o free_a tenement_n or_o freehold_n be_v where_o land_n and_o tenement_n be_v hold_v only_o for_o life_n of_o the_o tenant_n and_o such_o a_o tenant_n be_v say_v to_o hold_v in_o dominico_n svo_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-la libero_fw-la tenemento_fw-it 10._o tenemento_fw-it dyer_n f._n 221._o n._n 19_o &_o f._n 153._o n._n 10._o but_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v that_o fee_n be_v natural_o a_o freehold_n i_o shall_v not_o deny_v it_o only_o must_v add_v that_o it_o be_v also_o somewhat_o more_o because_o perpetual_a 37._o perpetual_a inst_z jur._n come_v c._n 10._o lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o bract._n l._n 4_o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 37._o but_o of_o that_o freehold_n which_o be_v mean_v here_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n one_o which_o be_v for_o term_v of_o life_n even_o by_o the_o very_a custom_n and_o law_n the_o
of_o patronage_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o fee_n which_o we_o possess_v and_o these_o 〈◊〉_d term_v the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n patronus_fw-la fee_n prat_n â—i_fw-la lexicon_fw-la verb._n patronus_fw-la and_o theâ—â—_n be_v very_o few_o infant_n that_o succeed_v to_o good_a estate_n who_o escape_v their_o wardship_n and_o custody_n for_o as_o there_o be_v none_o with_o we_o except_o 〈◊〉_d crown_n who_o be_v seize_v of_o their_o estate_n anâ—_n tenement_n in_o a_o free_a or_o large_a title_n thâ—â—_n fee_n so_o be_v there_o scarce_o any_o fee_n less_o worth_a but_o that_o it_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o lord_n or_o a_o patroâ—_n by_o knight_n service_n now_o those_o thing_n whicâ—_n be_v proper_a to_o this_o service_n be_v guard_n maâ—â—age_n and_o relief_n 4_o relief_n lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4_o 1._o a_o infant_n heir_n who_o succeed_v his_o ancestor_n 4._o ancestor_n f._n b._n 262._o fletl_n 1._o c._n 11._o dyer_n 362._o gla._n l._n 7._o c._n 9_o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 32._o brit._n c._n 66._o lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o in_o knight_n service_n remain_v under_o the_o guard_n and_o custody_n of_o his_o lord_n uâ—till_o he_o come_v to_o perfect_a age_n for_o before_o thâ—â—_n age_n he_o be_v not_o adjudge_v capable_a of_o those_o warâ—ick_a accomplishment_n requisite_a for_o a_o knight_n â—nd_v due_a to_o his_o lord_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o teâ—ure_n notwithstanding_o that_o it_o fall_v out_o sometimes_o that_o age_n be_v dispense_v with_o some_o be_v elect_v into_o the_o order_n of_o knighthood_n before_o â—hey_n be_v complete_a one_o and_o twenty_o year_n old_a but_o our_o law_n suppose_v these_o to_o be_v able_a to_o do_v those_o office_n due_a to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n wherefore_o they_o be_v out_o of_o the_o custody_n though_o infant_n 267._o infant_n brook_z tit_n gard._n 42._o &_o 72_o fulbeck_n in_o paral_n f._n 29._o plough_v 267._o 2._o and_o this_o right_n of_o custody_n spring_v from_o â—his_fw-la reason_n that_o since_o he_o who_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n be_v oblige_v according_a to_o the_o agreement_n at_o the_o first_o invest_n of_o the_o estate_n â—o_o follow_v his_o lord_n as_o a_o knight_n in_o the_o king_n war_n it_o be_v presume_v that_o no_o man_n will_v be_v more_o careful_a in_o train_v up_o the_o infant_n in_o â—eats_n of_o arm_n than_o the_o lord_n himself_o 16._o himself_o fort._n c._n 44._o polid._n virg._n l._n 16._o 3._o but_o if_o such_o a_o heir_n be_v female_a she_o remain_v in_o custody_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_n 3._o ancient_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 37._o n._n 3._o but_o till_o fifteen_o and_o according_a to_o our_o modern_n no_o long_o than_o sixteen_o year_n of_o age_n 4_o age_n lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4_o â—or_a no_o soon_o do_v they_o come_v to_o that_o age_n but_o they_o be_v immediate_o presume_v to_o be_v able_a to_o govern_v their_o house_n and_o to_o marry_v such_o a_o husband_n that_o shall_v be_v capable_a of_o do_v the_o service_n due_a to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n ibid._n fee_n bract._n &_o lit._n ibid._n but_o if_o she_o be_v complete_a fourteen_o year_n old_a at_o the_o death_n of_o her_o ancestor_n neither_o her_o body_n or_o land_n shall_v fall_v under_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o lord_n 7._o lord_n lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o mert._n c._n 6._o west_n 1._o c_o 22._o instit_fw-la jur._n com._n c._n 24._o br._n tit_n gard._n 7._o 4._o but_o if_o in_o this_o case_n it_o come_v in_o question_n whether_o the_o heir_n be_v a_o infant_n or_o not_o he_o shall_v remain_v in_o custody_n until_o it_o be_v determine_v b._n determine_v brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 37._o brit._n c._n 66_o fol._n 167._o b._n 5._o if_o a_o knight_n fee_n descend_v to_o a_o heir_n 〈◊〉_d the_o mother_n side_n the_o father_n live_v shalâ—_n have_v the_o guard_n of_o his_o body_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o land_n for_o it_o be_v a_o maxim_n that_o no_o one_o as_o to_o his_o person_n shall_v fall_v into_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o lord_n his_o father_n live_v 4._o live_v lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o 6._o if_o land_n discend_v to_o a_o wife_n who_o after_o issue_n have_v by_o her_o husband_n die_v so_o that_o the_o husband_n for_o default_n of_o have_v possession_n 〈◊〉_d the_o land_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o wife_n can_v be_v tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o england_n in_o this_o case_n the_o issue_n unless_o it_o be_v heir_n to_o the_o father_n as_o be_v his_o elder_a son_n shall_v be_v in_o custody_n and_o if_o such_o issue_n be_v a_o female_a and_o a_o infant_n at_o the_o death_n of_o her_o mother_n she_o shall_v remain_v if_o her_o father_n have_v a_o son_n live_v in_o custody_n notwithstanding_o her_o father_n be_v alive_a 143._o alive_a f._n b._n fol._n 143._o 7._o lord_n of_o a_o knight_n fee_n may_v transfer_v the_o guard_n of_o his_o tenant_n to_o another_o from_o whence_o there_o arise_v this_o distinction_n of_o guardian_n iâ—_n law_n and_o guardian_n in_o tail_n guardian_n iâ—_n law_n be_v the_o lord_n himself_o guardian_n in_o tail_n be_v he_o to_o who_o the_o lord_n have_v grant_v the_o the_o custody_n of_o his_o heir_n 4._o heir_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 37._o n._n 3._o lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o 8._o there_o be_v also_o a_o guardian_n simple_o and_o original_o so_o call_v and_o a_o guardian_n by_o accident_n from_o the_o cause_n of_o custody_n original_o be_v he_o who_o in_o right_n of_o his_o fee_n have_v the_o custody_n of_o his_o tenant_n causary_o be_v he_o who_o for_o that_o he_o have_v the_o custody_n of_o his_o own_o tenant_n be_v yet_o a_o infant_n have_v upon_o that_o score_n the_o custody_n of_o another_o who_o be_v tenant_n to_o his_o ward_n 38._o ward_n f._n b._n fol._n 139._o d._n dyer_n 123_o n._n 38._o for_o a_o infant_n can_v be_v guardiâ—â—_n of_o a_o infant_n 11._o infant_n flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 11._o â—_o when_o there_o be_v a_o heir_n male_a or_o female_a â—ho_n have_v many_o capital_a lord_n they_o can_v 〈◊〉_d have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o therefore_o one_o must_v be_v prefer_v before_o the_o rest_n â—nd_v that_o be_v he_o who_o first_o enfeoff_v the_o tenant_n 〈◊〉_d knight_n service_n the_o rest_n shall_v only_o be_v permit_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o land_n which_o â—â—e_v hold_v of_o their_o fee_n 2._o fee_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 37._o n._n 4_o etc._n etc._n stamf._n prerog_n c._n 2._o 10._o but_o if_o any_o heir_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o â—â—pite_n by_o knight_n service_n whether_o he_o have_v â—â—her_a lord_n or_o not_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o the_o rest_n to_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o â—eir_n and_o that_o notwithstanding_o priority_n or_o posteriority_n of_o infeoff_v for_o that_o the_o king_n â—ath_v no_o equal_a or_o superior_a in_o his_o realm_n sup_n realm_n glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 10._o bract._n &_o stam._n ut_fw-la sup_n 11._o a_o ward_n who_o be_v once_o free_v from_o the_o custody_n of_o his_o guardian_n as_o by_o marry_v or_o contract_v matrimony_n with_o his_o consent_n â—â—all_v not_o return_v again_o into_o the_o custody_n and_o â—â—at_o notwithstanding_o he_o be_v under_o fourteen_o â—ears_n of_o age_n or_o afterward_o that_o he_o shall_v marâ—y_v before_o 21._o 4._o 21._o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 38._o n._n 1._o lit._n l._n 2._o c_o 4._o 12._o if_o there_o shall_v be_v many_o daughter_n coâ—cites_v who_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n they_o â—hall_v be_v all_o under_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o capital_a â—ord_n and_o none_o under_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o mother_n 6._o mother_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 37._o n._n 6._o of_o the_o legal_a guardianship_n of_o parent_n tit._n xviii_o the_o father_n be_v prefer_v before_o all_o other_o to_o the_o custody_n of_o his_o elder_a soâ—_n for_o if_o a_o inheritance_n fall_v to_o such_o a_o infaâ—â—_n who_o have_v a_o father_n live_v notwithstanding_o that_o the_o land_n if_o they_o be_v hold_v in_o knight_n service_n be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n yet_o the_o body_n of_o the_o heir_n shall_v remaiâ—_n with_o his_o father_n 37._o father_n lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4_o cook_n l._n 3._o case_n rat._n foe_n .._o 37._o 1._o so_o also_o the_o mother_n of_o a_o infant_n 〈◊〉_d hold_v in_o socage_n shall_v have_v the_o custody_n 〈◊〉_d the_o body_n and_o land_n of_o the_o heir_n before_o aâ—â—_n kindred_n either_o of_o the_o father_n side_n or_o mothâ—â—_n side_n of_o fiduciary_a guardianship_n tit._n xix_o that_o tutela_n fiduciaria_n which_o the_o romanâ—_n impose_v upon_o the_o male_a child_n theiâ—_n parent_n be_v dead_a and_o upon_o the_o childreâ—_n of_o patron_n our_o ancestor_n seem_v whole_o 〈◊〉_d have_v neglect_v concern_v the_o first_o weâ—_n have_v nothing_o determine_v save_o that_o which_o we_o mention_v before_o of_o the_o legal_a guardianship_n
different_a species_n 69._o species_n â—it_n l._n 2_o c._n 9_o inst_z jur._n com._n 27._o broo._n tit_n tenor_n 69._o but_o fleta_n will_v not_o have_v this_o duty_n exceed_v the_o value_n of_o half_a a_o mark_n 11._o mark_n l._n 1._o c._n 11._o 4._o castlegard_n we_o have_v define_v to_o be_v a_o service_n due_a to_o the_o king_n only_o which_o be_v original_o true_a because_o no_o man_n can_v erect_v a_o castle_n or_o fort_n in_o the_o kingdom_n without_o the_o king_n licence_n but_o in_o case_n the_o king_n grant_v a_o castle_n with_o all_o the_o liberty_n belong_v to_o it_o unto_o a_o subject_a he_o grant_v castlegard_n also_o if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o service_n due_a unto_o iâ—_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n this_o service_n may_v as_o well_o belong_v to_o a_o subject_a as_o the_o right_n of_o a_o forest_n socage_n forest_n manwood_n par_fw-fr 1._o de_fw-fr jur._n forset_n pag._n 87._o cou._n col_fw-fr 4._o fol._n 88_o a._n and_o lit._n c._n socage_n it_o be_v a_o service_n consist_v in_o fortify_v and_o defend_v any_o castle_n of_o the_o king_n or_o another_o lord_n as_o often_o as_o the_o feodary_n shall_v require_v and_o this_o be_v proper_o knight_n service_n when_o it_o require_v the_o person_n of_o the_o tâ—nant_n but_o when_o it_o be_v convert_v into_o a_o certain_a pecuniary_a mulct_n payable_a every_o year_n for_o the_o fortify_v and_o guard_v of_o a_o castle_n it_o be_v altâ—red_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o knight_n service_n a._n service_n tit._n ib._n inst_z come_v c._n 27._o bro._n tit_n tenor_n n._n 58._o f._n n._n b._n foe_o 259._o a._n 5._o the_o second_o sort_n of_o knight_n service_n or_o military_n which_o be_v due_a to_o common_a person_n as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o king_n be_v call_v scutage_n 129._o scutage_n blow_n foe_fw-mi 126._o 129._o from_o sculum_fw-la a_o shield_n and_o he_o that_o hold_v by_o this_o be_v oblige_v at_o his_o own_o charge_n for_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o day_n to_o follow_v his_o lord_n in_o the_o war_n against_o the_o scor_n 3._o scor_n lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 3._o they_o who_o hold_v by_o a_o entire_a and_o whole_a knight_n fee_n 111._o fee_n camd._n bâ—it_fw-la 111._o which_o sâ—me_v determine_v to_o be_v 680._o acre_n of_o land_n some_o eight_o hundred_o acre_n some_o fifteen_o pound_n sterling_a some_o twenty_o pound_n 1._o pound_n 1._o ed._n 2._o c._n 1._o and_o other_o forty_o pound_n 18._o pound_n smith_n com._n c._n 18._o be_v bind_v to_o serve_v for_o the_o space_n of_o forty_o day_n 19_o day_n bro._n tenor_n n._n 19_o they_o which_o hold_v but_o by_o half_a a_o knight_n fee_fw-mi twenty_o day_n and_o so_o according_o 1._o according_o lit._n l._n 2._o c_o 1._o 6._o now_o that_o certain_a difference_n between_o lord_n and_o feodary_n as_o well_o concern_v arm_n as_o the_o time_n of_o serve_v viz._n whether_o from_o the_o time_n of_o show_v or_o perfect_v to_o begin_v may_v be_v remove_v it_o appear_v in_o most_o place_n that_o it_o be_v by_o joint_a consent_n of_o lord_n and_o tenant_n agree_v that_o the_o tenant_n shall_v pay_v yearly_o a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o their_o lord_n according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o their_o fee_n and_o so_o to_o be_v free_v from_o personal_a duty_n ib._n duty_n id_fw-la ib._n from_o whence_o the_o thing_n itself_o seem_v so_o change_v by_o degree_n that_o that_o service_n which_o with_o our_o ancestor_n be_v so_o incertain_a be_v in_o most_o fee_n at_o this_o day_n reduce_v to_o certainty_n and_o be_v call_v scutage_n certain_a 5._o certain_a lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o that_o incertain_a kind_n be_v in_o divers_a manor_n quite_o extinct_a now_o this_o certain_a seutage_n be_v socage_n 29._o socage_n bro._n tit_n tenor_n 28._o 29._o 7._o there_o be_v also_o other_o real_a service_n which_o attend_v a_o knight_n fee_n as_o the_o shadow_n do_v the_o body_n as_o homage_n fealty_n custody_n of_o land_n and_o heir_n relief_n marriage_n 4._o marriage_n brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 35._o lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o for_o these_o no_o time_n have_v hitherto_o exterminate_v 16._o exterminate_v polid_a virg_n hist_o ang_fw-mi 16._o 8._o homage_n which_o the_o feodists_n call_v also_o hominium_fw-la 3._o hominium_fw-la hottom_n disp_n de_fw-fr feod_n 3._o be_v a_o real_a service_n 26._o service_n briâ—_n c._n 66._o spec_fw-la jâ—sâ—_n b._n 3._o flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 26._o which_o the_o feodary_n yield_v regular_o to_o his_o lord_n at_o his_o first_o institution_n by_o prostrate_v himself_o on_o both_o knee_n at_o his_o foot_n with_o his_o head_n uncover_v ioâ—ning_v his_o hand_n and_o put_v they_o between_o his_o lord_n who_o remain_v sit_v and_o pronounce_v these_o word_n or_o to_o the_o same_o effect_n hear_v sir_n i_o become_v your_o man_n from_o this_o day_n forward_o of_o life_n and_o limb_n and_o of_o earthly_a worship_n and_o shall_v bear_v you_o faith_n for_o the_o land_n i_o hold_v of_o you_o and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o the_o king_n that_o receive_v the_o homage_n save_v always_o the_o faith_n which_o i_o owe_v unto_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n so_o god_n i_o help_n and_o the_o content_n of_o this_o book_n which_o say_v the_o lord_n shall_v kiss_v he_o 68_o he_o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 35._o n._n 8._o 9_o lit._n sect_n 2._o l._n 1._o inst_z com._n c._n 23._o 17._o e._n 2._o brit._n c._n 68_o 9_o ranulphus_fw-la de_fw-la glanville_n deni_v than_o bishop_n who_o be_v consecrate_v or_o a_o woman_n may_v do_v homage_n 1._o homage_n l_o 9_o spec._n 9_o inst_z l._n 1._o but_o fitzherbert_n f._n fitzherbert_n n._n b._n 258._o f._n according_a to_o the_o rule_n in_o the_o register_n affirm_v that_o a_o woman_n if_o single_a may_v swear_v homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o the_o king_n when_o from_o he_o she_o receive_v livery_n of_o her_o land_n and_o our_o more_o modern_a author_n hold_v that_o both_o clergy_n and_o woman_n be_v subject_a to_o this_o service_n although_o the_o term_n of_o expression_n be_v a_o little_a different_a for_o a_o clergy_n man_n for_o that_o he_o have_v set_v himself_o a_o part_n for_o the_o more_o special_a service_n of_o god_n use_v these_o word_n i_o do_v homage_n to_o you_o and_o shall_v bear_v your_o faith_n for_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n which_o i_o hold_v of_o you_o save_v always_o the_o faith_n which_o i_o owe_v unto_o the_o king_n our_o sovereign_n 1._o sovereign_n inst_z com._n c._n 23._o lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 1._o and_o a_o single_a woman_n do_v homage_n do_v not_o say_v unto_o her_o lord_n i_o become_v your_o woman_n for_o that_o it_o be_v not_o convenient_a that_o she_o shall_v be_v another_o man_n woman_n than_o her_o husband_n who_o she_o shall_v marry_v but_o she_o shall_v pronounce_v the_o same_o word_n which_o be_v prescribe_v to_o the_o clergy_n ib._n clergy_n id._n ib._n and_o a_o woman_n who_o be_v marry_v shall_v do_v homage_n by_o her_o husband_n ib._n husband_n id._n ib._n 10._o if_o it_o happen_v that_o any_o one_o hold_v divers_a fee_n by_o knight_n service_n of_o diverse_a lord_n he_o â—all_n do_v homage_n to_o they_o all_o but_o shall_v use_v â—â—ese_n word_n in_o the_o end_n save_v the_o faith_n which_o owe_v unto_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o â—nto_o my_o other_o lord_n ib._n lord_n id_fw-la ib._n 11._o now_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o homage_n be_v always_o annex_v to_o knight_n service_n â—ut_v not_o sole_o to_o it_o for_o tenant_n in_o socage_n â—ay_v also_o do_v it_o 6._o it_o brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 35._o n._n 6._o 12._o homage_n be_v divide_v into_o new_a and_o ancient_a call_v auncestrell_n new_o be_v that_o which_o 〈◊〉_d perform_v by_o he_o who_o have_v a_o new_a fee_n 7._o fee_n instit_fw-la com._n c._n 28._o lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 7._o ancient_a by_o he_o who_o have_v a_o ancient_a one_o â—nd_v that_o ancient_a have_v a_o double_a effect_n one_o â—hat_n the_o lord_n shall_v secure_v to_o his_o tenant_n his_o estate_n or_o fee_n or_o as_o our_o author_n say_v shall_v warâ—ant_v it_o against_o all_o man_n the_o other_o that_o he_o â—hall_v save_v he_o quiet_a and_o harmless_a from_o any_o service_n of_o another_o lord_n at_o least_o in_o respect_n or_o relation_n to_o that_o fee_n 13._o fealty_n which_o our_o author_n also_o call_v fiducia_n be_v a_o real_a service_n 66._o service_n brit._n c._n 66._o due_a from_o every_o tenant_n to_o his_o lord_n at_o his_o first_o induction_n whether_o the_o fee_n be_v noble_a or_o ignoble_a for_o such_o be_v the_o disposition_n of_o this_o contract_n that_o whoever_o hold_v by_o fealty_n only_o hold_v the_o most_o free_o of_o any_o one_o except_o the_o king_n 8._o king_n smith_n com._n l._n 3._o c._n 8._o for_o no_o subject_n can_v hold_v without_o fealty_n 303._o fealty_n lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o west_n simbol_n l._n 2._o sec._n 303._o
and_o ancient_o he_o that_o break_v faith_n with_o his_o lord_n do_v forthwith_o forfeit_v his_o estate_n 3._o estate_n bract._n l._n 5._o tr_fw-la 3._o c._n 6._o n._n 3._o 14._o fealty_n be_v double_a one_o be_v general_a confirm_v by_o the_o oath_n of_o every_o subject_n to_o the_o sepremacy_n the_o other_o special_a due_a unto_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fâ—e_n 16._o fâ—e_n le_fw-fr grand_fw-fr constumier_fw-fr de_fw-fr normand_n b._n fle._n l._n 3._o c._n 16._o the_o first_o be_v constant_o exact_v at_o sheriff_n court_n and_o view_v of_o frankpledge_a or_o court_n leet_n from_o all_o which_o in_o the_o verge_n or_o precinct_n of_o the_o county_n or_o leet_n who_o be_v twelve_o year_n old_a otherwise_o they_o have_v no_o warrant_n to_o continue_v in_o their_o estate_n 1._o estate_n brac._n l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 2._o c_o 1_o n_o 1._o yet_o our_o ancestor_n more_o ancient_a use_v not_o to_o impose_v this_o oath_n upon_o any_o under_o fourteen_o or_o fifteen_o 27._o fifteen_o id_fw-la ib._n flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 27._o year_n of_o age_n the_o form_n of_o which_o bracton_n thus_o explain_v they_o shall_v swear_v that_o they_o will_v not_o receive_v or_o entertain_v person_n outlawed_a murderer_n robber_n or_o burglary_n nor_o that_o they_o will_v consent_v or_o connive_v at_o they_o or_o their_o receiver_n and_o that_o if_o they_o shall_v know_v any_o such_o they_o will_v attaâ—â—_n they_o and_o that_o if_o they_o shall_v hear_v any_o hâ—â—_n and_o cry_n they_o shall_v immediate_o follow_v with_o their_o family_n and_o servant_n cod_n servant_n brac._n cod_n flet._n cod_n and_o brittâ—â—_n more_o brief_o 12._o brief_o c._n 12._o when_o he_o say_v that_o they_o shall_v swear_v to_o bear_v say_v unto_o the_o king_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v neither_o be_v felon_n themselves_o nor_o consent_n to_o felony_n 15_o the_o form_n of_o fealty_n special_a be_v double_a one_o which_o be_v proper_a to_o freeman_n the_o other_o to_o villain_n when_o a_o freeman_n swear_v fealty_n to_o his_o lord_n he_o lay_v his_o right_a hand_n upon_o the_o book_n and_o say_v as_o follow_v know_v you_o this_o my_o lord_n n._n that_o j._n m._n shall_v be_v faithful_a and_o true_a unto_o you_o and_o faith_n to_o you_o shall_v bear_v for_o the_o land_n which_o i_o hold_v of_o you_o at_o the_o time_n assign_v so_o help_v i_o god_n and_o all_o saint_n 2._o saint_n lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 2._o when_o a_o villain_n swear_v fealty_n he_o shall_v hold_v his_o right_a hand_n a_o little_a high_o than_o the_o book_n so_o that_o he_o touch_v it_o not_o and_o shall_v say_v know_v you_o this_o my_o lord_n n._n that_o j._n m._n shall_v from_o this_o day_n forward_o be_v true_a and_o faithful_a to_o you_o and_o faith_n to_o you_o shall_v bear_v for_o the_o land_n which_o i_o hold_v of_o you_o in_o villainage_n and_o i_o shall_v be_v justify_v by_o you_o in_o body_n and_o good_n so_o help_v i_o god_n and_o all_o saint_n 3._o saint_n 14._o e._n 1._o c._n 2._o spec._n inst_z l._n 3._o 16._o custody_n or_o guard_n be_v a_o real_a service_n proper_a to_o a_o knight_n fee_n by_o which_o the_o lord_n have_v the_o guard_n and_o care_n of_o the_o fee_n and_o that_o to_o his_o own_o use_n without_o give_v any_o account_n during_o the_o minority_n of_o the_o infant_n his_o tenant_n as_o also_o the_o education_n and_o guard_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o heir_n now_o every_o one_o be_v with_o we_o a_o infant_n till_o 21._o year_n of_o age_n if_o a_o male_a for_o our_o law_n presume_v that_o knight_n service_n can_v be_v due_o perform_v till_o that_o age_n 44._o age_n fortesc_n c._n 44._o but_o we_o have_v speak_v enough_o of_o this_o already_o only_o this_o we_o shall_v add_v that_o the_o lord_n may_v if_o he_o please_v alien_n this_o his_o title_n of_o guardianship_n as_o well_o as_o any_o other_o thing_n which_o he_o have_v whence_o it_o be_v that_o there_o be_v a_o double_a guardian_n namely_o one_o of_o right_n as_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n the_o other_o in_o fait_z which_o be_v he_o to_o who_o the_o lord_n have_v alien_v the_o guard_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o land_n or_o of_o the_o heir_n only_o 24._o only_o inst_z come_v c._n 24._o 17._o relief_n be_v a_o real_a service_n or_o patrimonial_a though_o some_o call_v it_o apt_o a_o fruit_n or_o beneficial_a profit_n of_o a_o service_n a._n service_n coo._n l._n 3._o case_n penante_n foe_fw-mi 66._o a._n due_a both_o to_o knight_n service_n 17._o service_n brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o brit._n c._n 66._o fol._n 165._o a._n flet._n l._n 3_o c._n 17._o and_o socage_n by_o which_o the_o feodary_n tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n whether_o male_a or_o female_a be_v at_o full_a age_n at_o the_o death_n of_o the_o ancestor_n viz._n the_o male_a 27._o the_o female_a 14._o year_n of_o age_n be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n tenant_n in_o socage_n pay_v so_o much_o for_o relief_n as_o he_o pay_v 17._o pay_v lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o 19_o h._n 7._o c._n 15._o bro._n tenor_n 76_o flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 17._o yearly_a by_o way_n of_o rent_n to_o his_o lord_n at_o what_o age_n soever_o he_o be_v at_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n &_o that_o without_o delay_n 9_o delay_n dr._n stu._n l._n 1_o c._n 7._o flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 9_o so_o that_o the_o first_o year_n he_o pay_v his_o rent_n double_a one_o by_o way_n of_o relief_n the_o other_o part_n by_o way_n of_o rent_n 17._o rent_n flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 17._o for_o the_o lord_n may_v immediate_o distrain_v that_o be_v take_v whatever_o he_o find_v upon_o the_o estate_n by_o way_n of_o pledy_n until_o he_o shall_v be_v satisfy_v for_o his_o relief_n 5._o relief_n littl._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o so_o if_o one_o hold_v by_o fealty_n and_o a_o pound_n of_o pepper_n the_o heir_n shall_v pay_v the_o first_o year_n two_o pound_n of_o pepper_n and_o the_o law_n be_v the_o same_o where_o the_o tenant_n pay_v for_o his_o rent_n yearly_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o capon_n or_o hen_n or_o a_o pair_n of_o glove_n or_o so_o many_o bushel_n of_o corn_n or_o the_o like_a but_o if_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o season_n the_o tenant_n can_v pay_v relief_n present_o than_o the_o lord_n ought_v to_o expect_v until_o a_o convenient_a time_n as_o in_o case_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o pay_v a_o rose_n or_o a_o bushel_n of_o rose_n at_o the_o feast_n of_o st_n john_n baptist_n here_o if_o he_o die_v in_o winter_n the_o heir_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v distreyn_v by_o the_o lord_n until_o the_o season_n come_v that_o rose_n may_v be_v have_v ib._n have_v littl._n ib._n this_o the_o feodists_n define_v to_o be_v a_o present_a or_o gratuity_n which_o the_o new_a vassal_n bestow_v upon_o his_o lord_n for_o admission_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o another_o or_o for_o any_o other_o cause_n which_o shall_v occasion_v the_o estate_n to_o come_v unto_o he_o in_o regard_n it_o be_v now_o take_v up_o by_o a_o new_a one_o relevium_fw-la one_o hotoman_n verb._n feodalis_fw-la ver_fw-la relevium_fw-la 18._o and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o heir_n of_o earl_n or_o baron_n be_v other_o that_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la that_o be_v in_o right_a of_o his_o crown_n by_o knight_n service_n if_o they_o be_v at_o full_a age_n at_o the_o death_n of_o their_o ancestor_n shall_v pay_v their_o accustom_a relief_n viz._n a_o earl_n 100_o pound_n a_o baron_n a_o hundred_o mark_n the_o heir_n of_o a_o knight_n for_o one_o knight_n fee_n 100_o shilling_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o who_o hold_v â—y_a a_o double_a knight_n fee_v 200._o shilling_n and_o â—o_o according_a to_o the_o rate_n 17._o rate_n mag._n ch._n c._n 2._o instit_fw-la come_v c._n 24._o flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 17._o which_o be_v also_o â—rue_a in_o the_o case_n of_o other_o lord_n of_o fe_n 69._o fe_n brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 36._o brit._n c._n 69._o 19_o the_o ancient_n derive_v this_o word_n reâ—eife_n a_o relevando_n because_o the_o inheritance_n which_o lie_v still_o by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o ancestor_n be_v raise_v up_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o for_o this_o raise_n up_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o certain_a fine_a or_o acknowledgement_n pay_v by_o the_o heir_n and_o this_o they_o term_v relief_n ib._n relief_n brac._n ib._n brit._n ib._n 20._o marriage_n be_v a_o real_a service_n belong_v â—o_o a_o knight_n fee_n by_o which_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o â—ee_n have_v a_o power_n of_o bestow_v his_o feodary_n in_o marriage_n according_a to_o his_o pleasure_n or_o at_o least_o of_o claim_v the_o value_n of_o the_o marriage_n â—f_o so_o be_v that_o he_o be_v under_o age_n at_o the_o day_n of_o the_o death_n of_o his_o
and_o some_o donation_n be_v free_a and_o pure_a some_o under_o condition_n and_o suspend_v 32._o suspend_v 3._o brit._n c._n 35._o f._n n._n b._n foe_n 205._o d._n blow_n foe_fw-mi 30._o and._n 32._o some_o absolute_a and_o large_a some_o strict_a and_o limit_v to_o certain_a heir_n and_o some_o exclude_v succession_n 3._o succession_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 7._o brit._n c._n 35._o doct._n stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 24._o l._n 2._o c._n 6._o lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 23._o flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 3._o so_o also_o some_o donation_n be_v by_o writing_n some_o without_o 9_o without_o dr._n stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 16._o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 16._o brit._n c._n 39_o flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 9_o 4._o wherefore_o we_o be_v to_o see_v who_o can_v give_v and_o who_o not_o and_o it_o be_v general_o to_o be_v understand_v that_o every_o one_o who_o by_o law_n and_o right_o be_v not_o prohibit_v may_v give_v 3._o give_v bract._n cod_n n._n 4._o flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 3._o now_o all_o those_o be_v prohibit_v who_o have_v not_o a_o general_a and_o free_a administration_n of_o what_o they_o have_v as_o ward_n who_o be_v under_o tuition_n and_o pupillage_n not_o be_v able_a to_o govern_v themselves_o yet_o they_o may_v receive_v and_o render_v their_o condition_n better_o but_o they_o can_v give_v either_o with_o or_o without_o the_o authority_n of_o their_o guardian_n so_o neither_o one_o that_o be_v deaf_a and_o whole_o deprive_v of_o his_o hear_n but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o if_o he_o can_v hear_v though_o with_o much_o difficulty_n the_o same_o be_v also_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o one_o that_o be_v dumb_a and_o can_v speak_v yet_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o they_o may_v consent_v by_o sign_n &_o nod_n but_o it_o be_v general_o hold_v that_o he_o who_o be_v dumb_a can_v not_o make_v a_o gift_n because_o he_o can_v consent_v to_o it_o so_o neither_o can_v a_o mad_a man_n work_v that_o be_v not_o compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la unless_o he_o enjoy_v any_o lucida_n intervalla_fw-la 34._o intervalla_fw-la id._n eod_a brit._n c._n 34._o but_o the_o church_n execute_v in_o the_o stead_n of_o a_o ward_n 3._o ward_n bract._n eod_a brit._n c._n 54._o flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 3._o 5._o he_o can_v make_v a_o gift_n who_o be_v a_o captive_n so_o long_o as_o he_o be_v in_o the_o custody_n and_o under_o the_o power_n of_o his_o enemy_n because_o he_o can_v possess_v who_o be_v poss_v by_o other_o not_o make_v a_o gift_n effectual_o see_v he_o possess_v nothing_o 43._o nothing_o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 8_o n._n 4._o dr._n st._n l._n 2._o c._n 43._o the_o same_o also_o for_o the_o very_a same_o reason_n may_v be_v say_v of_o a_o servant_n for_o that_o he_o possess_v nothing_o so_o long_o as_o himself_o be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o other_o 16._o other_o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 16._o yet_o it_o seem_v he_o may_v give_v any_o such_o thing_n whereof_o his_o lord_n have_v not_o as_o yet_o take_v possession_n or_o scisin_n vall._n scisin_n lit._n c._n vall._n 6._o former_o a_o leper_n can_v not_o make_v a_o gift_n as_o be_v put_v out_o of_o the_o society_n of_o man_n 34._o man_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o brit._n c._n 34._o nor_o have_v a_o bastard_n any_o heir_n to_o who_o he_o may_v give_v effectual_o under_o that_o notion_n unless_o it_o be_v those_o who_o be_v lawful_o beget_v of_o his_o own_o body_n 48._o body_n bract._n and_o brit._n ib._n perk._n tit_n grant_n 48._o 7._o he_o that_o be_v attaint_v of_o treason_n or_o convict_v of_o any_o other_o capital_a offence_n can_v make_v a_o gift_n after_o the_o felony_n commit_v if_o so_o be_v he_o be_v afterward_o judicial_o convict_v and_o condemn_v by_o sentence_n 29._o sentence_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 13._o brit._n c._n 34_o stanf._n pla._n co_fw-la l._n 3._o c._n 32._o flet._n l._n 3._o c_o 7._o and_o l._n 3._o c._n 10._o fulbeck_n signory_n f._n 26._o perkins_n grant_v 29._o yet_o in_o some_o case_n he_o may_v before_o conviction_n make_v a_o gift_n of_o chattel_n chapter_n chattel_n vid._n next_o chapter_n 8._o nor_o can_v any_o one_o give_v who_o have_v not_o seisin_n of_o the_o thing_n give_v except_o the_o king_n only_o 30._o only_o dyer_n foe_o 108._o n._n 28._o 29._o 30._o which_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_n be_v true_a also_o notwithstanding_o that_o he_o have_v dominion_n and_o receive_v service_n 15._o service_n eract_v c._n 5._o spec._n just_o l._n 2._o c._n the_o contract_n flet._n l._n 5._o c._n 15._o 9_o nor_o be_v gift_n make_v between_o man_n and_o wife_n worth_a any_o thing_n for_o a_o man_n can_v give_v to_o his_o wife_n nor_o e_fw-la conuerso_fw-la during_o coverture_n because_o such_o gift_n between_o such_o person_n be_v prohibit_v but_o if_o they_o be_v make_v before_o marriage_n or_o after_o divorce_n they_o be_v valid_a provide_v they_o be_v not_o upon_o the_o score_n of_o subsequent_a marriage_n yet_o a_o man_n may_v by_o his_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n give_v a_o fee_fw-mi simple_a to_o his_o wife_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o difference_n be_v because_o a_o will_n be_v not_o of_o force_n before_o the_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n 60_o testator_n lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 10._o lib._n assis_n pla_fw-la 60_o and_o then_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n cease_v to_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o person_n 34_o person_n bro._n devise_n 34_o 10._o nor_o can_v any_o man_n effectual_o give_v that_o which_o be_v another_o 528._o another_o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 24._o blow_n fol._n 528._o nor_o can_v one_o who_o be_v beyond_o sea_n according_a to_o some_o 1_o some_o glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 1_o make_v a_o gift_n but_o other_o maintain_v the_o contrary_a which_o be_v the_o better_a opinion_n 8_o opinion_n bract._n c._n 5._o n._n 8_o the_o wife_n can_v make_v a_o gift_n without_o the_o husband_n nor_o can_v the_o husband_n without_o the_o wife_n of_o such_o land_n as_o be_v the_o wife_n d._n wife_n brit._n c._n 34._o f._n n._n b._n f._n 163._o a._n b._n c._n d._n 11._o moreover_o the_o statute_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n have_v set_v such_o bound_n to_o donation_n and_o gift_n that_o they_o permit_v not_o any_o man_n to_o make_v gift_n to_o the_o defraud_v of_o his_o creditor_n beyond_o his_o limit_n 4_o limit_n 13_o eliz._n c._n 5._o &_o 27_o eliz._n c._n 4_o 12._o there_o be_v also_o some_o who_o can_v make_v gift_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o other_o as_o arch-bishopps_a bishop_n abbot_n and_o prior_n can_v give_v land_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n or_o some_o other_o of_o their_o lord_n because_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o they_o who_o the_o thing_n may_v any_o way_n concern_v be_v necessary_a and_o requisite_a 195._o requisite_a bract._n d._n c._n 5._o n._n 7._o brit._n d._n c._n 34._o f._n n._n b._n fol._n 194._o &_o 195._o whence_o it_o be_v that_o they_o who_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n can_v make_v a_o gift_n of_o their_o land_n without_o his_o consent_n 3._o consent_n flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 3._o nor_o can_v the_o parson_n of_o church_n because_o they_o hold_v nothing_o but_o in_o right_a of_o the_o church_n wherefore_o they_o can_v make_v a_o gift_n alienation_n or_o change_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o patron_n unless_o it_o be_v so_o that_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o church_n be_v better_v thereby_o yet_o these_o want_v not_o some_o who_o affirm_v they_o uncapable_a of_o do_v that_o without_o the_o aforesaid_a consent_n 4_o consent_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 11._o flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 4_o 13._o all_o be_v capable_a of_o receive_v donation_n unless_o prohibit_v by_o any_o express_a law_n or_o custom_n nor_o only_o single_a person_n but_o eveâ—_n many_o together_o 34._o together_o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o n._n 6._o etc._n etc._n 11_o brit._n d._n c._n 34._o now_o these_o be_v femes_fw-mi covert_n incapable_a to_o receive_v the_o gift_n of_o their_o husband_n or_o otherwise_o during_o coverture_n 5._o coverture_n mag._n ch._n c._n 36_o fl._n l._n 3._o c._n 5._o religious_a person_n 3._o person_n 7_o e._n 1._o c._n 2._o &_o 34_o e._n 1._o c._n 4._o 18._o e._n 3._o sta._n 3._o c._n 3._o all_o ecclesiastic_n in_o the_o name_n and_o right_n of_o their_o church_n q._n church_n 15._o r._n 2._o c._n 5._o f._n n._n b._n foe_n 221._o q._n body_n politic_a 5._o politic_a 15._o â—_o 2._o c._n 5._o for_o those_o immovables_n which_o be_v without_o lawful_a permission_n give_v to_o body_n politic_a be_v forfeit_v sometime_o to_o the_o king_n and_o sometime_o to_o the_o next_o chief_n lord_n 6._o lord_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o n._n 6._o so_o neither_o can_v jew_n ib._n jew_n brac._n ib._n nor_o any_o who_o be_v not_o under_o the_o allegiance_n of_o the_o supremacy_n 29._o supremacy_n bract._n l._n 5._o tr_fw-la
croâ—â—_n nor_o will_n a_o obligation_n to_o warranty_n hinder_v unless_o it_o be_v upon_o exchange_n or_o otherwise_o for_o the_o value_n in_o fee_n or_o service_n oâ—â—â—least_v unless_o they_o be_v grant_v for_o the_o commodity_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n as_o the_o barony_n of_o bishop_n 17._o bishop_n flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o &_o 17._o etc._n etc._n but_o this_o right_a 〈◊〉_d now_o almost_o whole_o wear_v out_o either_o by_o the_o munificency_n of_o our_o king_n or_o by_o the_o 〈◊〉_d much_o negligency_n of_o our_o commonwealth_n and_o therefore_o king_n james_n do_v worthy_o study_v a_o wholesome_a remedy_n for_o so_o pernicious_a 〈◊〉_d mischief_n 1._o nor_o can_v a_o husband_n so_o alienate_v the_o inheritance_n or_o jointure_n of_o his_o wife_n but_o thaâ—_n it_o may_v be_v recover_v by_o she_o or_o her_o heir_n after_o his_o decease_n d._n decease_n glan_n l._n 6._o c_o 3_o brit._n c._n 34._o f._n n._n b._n fol._n 193._o d._n 2._o those_o who_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o capitâ—_n either_o by_o knight_n service_n or_o socage_n can_v without_o punishment_n alienate_v their_o land_n without_o licence_n 1._o licence_n id._n foe_o 175._o a_o bro._n aliâ—nat_fw-la &_o tenor_n 69._o 32_o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o yet_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o such_o alienation_n be_v good_a for_o the_o buyer_n or_o feoffee_n against_o the_o seller_n or_o feoffor_a although_o the_o king_n can_v be_v prejudice_v by_o it_o 34._o it_o bro._n testament_n 34._o 3._o a_o infant_n â—9_n infant_n f._n n._n b._n foe_n 192._o g._n perk._n 3._o grant_n 15._o â—9_n madman_n c._n madman_n f._n n._n b._n foe_n 292._o c._n monk_n 3_o monk_n perk._n ib._n 3_o or_o feme-covert_n 175._o feme-covert_n id._n ib._n c._n 11._o bro._n exec._n 175._o can_v alienate_v nor_o can_v a_o villain_n those_o thing_n which_o himself_o have_v purchase_v l._n purchase_v f._n n._n b._n 202._o l._n if_o his_o lord_n be_v possess_v of_o they_o or_o if_o they_o be_v not_o possess_v in_o case_n he_o be_v the_o king_n villain_n 12._o villain_n littl._n l._n 2._o c._n 12._o 4._o there_o be_v also_o a_o old_a law_n late_o revive_v by_o a_o act_n of_o k._n james_n which_o to_o the_o subversion_n of_o the_o church_n be_v almost_o lose_v through_o neglect_n wherein_o arch-bishop_n and_o bishop_n be_v prohibit_v to_o alienate_v the_o fee_n of_o their_o church_n 3._o church_n 1_o jac._n ses_fw-fr 1._o c._n 3._o 5._o last_o those_o who_o otherwise_o may_v alienate_v in_o some_o case_n can_v namely_o land_n or_o tenement_n to_o a_o body_n politic_a whether_o ecclesiastical_a or_o secular_a q._n secular_a 7._o e._n 1._o 18._o e._n 3._o c._n 3._o 15._o r._n 2._o c._n 5._o f._n n._n b._n fol._n 221._o q._n without_o obtain_v the_o king_n licence_n for_o alienate_v it_o in_o mortmain_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n religious_a college_n which_o be_v found_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v prohibit_v to_o alienate_v their_o land_n without_o the_o king_n licence_n and_o permission_n 41._o permission_n westminst_n 2_o c._n 41._o 6._o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a it_o sometime_o happen_v that_o he_o who_o be_v not_o owner_n may_v alienate_v for_o a_o creditor_n by_o contract_n may_v alienate_v a_o pawn_n or_o mortgage_n although_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o he_o as_o if_o it_o be_v agree_v in_o the_o beginning_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o creditor_n to_o sell_v the_o pawn_n if_o the_o money_n be_v not_o pay_v so_o also_o may_v a_o wife_n apprentice_n or_o any_o other_o servant_n which_o a_o merchant_n appoint_v to_o sell_v commodity_n in_o his_o office_n or_o shop_n 40._o shop_n f._n n._n b._n fol._n 120._o h._n bro._n tit_n contract_n 37._o 40._o or_o any_o other_o person_n who_o have_v command_v from_o the_o owner_n 10._o owner_n new_a book_n of_o entry_n trespass_n in_o agist_n 1._o &_o ejectm_n firm_a 10._o 7._o and_o sometime_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o he_o who_o have_v a_o full_a power_n to_o alienate_v a_o thing_n can_v do_v it_o but_o after_o a_o certain_a form_n or_o manner_n for_o the_o king_n can_v neither_o purchase_v nor_o alienate_v without_o that_o special_a method_n of_o enter_v which_o we_o call_v record_n 553._o record_n blow_n 553._o by_o what_o person_n we_o may_v make_v acquisition_n or_o gain_n to_o ourselves_o tit._n ix_o now_o we_o be_v to_o know_v by_o what_o person_n we_o may_v purchase_v or_o gain_v to_o ourselves_o and_o know_v that_o we_o may_v legal_o by_o ourselves_o our_o wife_n our_o servant_n male_a or_o female_a by_o son_n or_o daughter_n which_o be_v under_o our_o protection_n by_o freeman_n who_o serve_v we_o provide_v their_o deed_n be_v necessary_a and_o warrantable_a and_o approve_a 18._o approve_a brac._n l._n 1._o c._n 9_o n._n 3._o l._n 2_o c._n 11._o n._n 12_o etc._n etc._n 18._o n._n 6._o &_o l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 2._o n._n 12._o brit_n c._n 35._o &_o 38._o lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 11._o dr._n stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o &_o l._n 2._o c._n 18._o and_o also_o by_o those_o servant_n 12._o servant_n flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 13._o etc._n etc._n 15._o &_o l._n 4._o c._n 11._o etc._n etc._n 12._o who_o be_v not_o under_o our_o power_n as_o well_o as_o by_o those_o who_o be_v provide_v they_o be_v not_o under_o another_o yet_o so_o as_o we_o take_v no_o benefit_n by_o they_o before_o it_o be_v determine_v who_o they_o be_v so_o also_o by_o a_o common_a servant_n and_o that_o as_o well_o by_o another_o as_o one_o own_o which_o we_o do_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la possess_v and_o by_o such_o a_o one_o of_o who_o we_o have_v a_o use_n 1._o and_o this_o may_v be_v do_v also_o by_o procurator_n tutor_n keeper_n or_o guardian_n who_o either_o bargain_n in_o our_o name_n or_o be_v in_o possession_n 15._o possession_n brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 18._o n._n 6._o flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 4._o etc._n etc._n 15._o and_o the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o those_o who_o be_v natural_o deaf_a and_o dumb_a ib._n dumb_a id._n ib._n 2._o the_o son_n and_o daughter_n also_o of_o villain_n which_o be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o their_o lord_n without_o manumission_n if_o they_o make_v a_o purchase_n without_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o villainage_n have_v no_o heir_n but_o their_o lord_n if_o so_o be_v that_o he_o take_v possession_n of_o such_o tenement_n either_o in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o villain_n after_o his_o death_n 1._o death_n brac._n l._n 4._o â—r_n 3._o c._n 13._o n._n 1._o of_o ordain_v last_a will_n and_o testament_n tit._n x._o the_o three_o kind_n of_o donation_n which_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o death_n be_v last_o will_n and_o testament_n 57_o testament_n brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 26._o flet._n l._n 2._o c._n 57_o now_o a_o testament_n be_v the_o determination_n of_o our_o will_n concern_v that_o which_o one_o will_v have_v do_v after_o his_o decease_n testament_n decease_n l._n 1._o de_fw-fr â—_o testament_n and_o it_o be_v double_a viz._n proper_a or_o improper_a that_o which_o be_v proper_o so_o call_v be_v that_o last_o decree_n of_o a_o man_n in_o which_o he_o name_v his_o executor_n 20._o executor_n brc._n test_n 20._o and_o he_o be_v in_o the_o place_n of_o he_o who_o the_o roman_n call_v haeres_fw-la &_o be_v as_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o testament_n 19_o testament_n swim_v par_fw-fr foe_fw-mi 1._o sect._n 3._o n_o 19_o represent_v the_o state_n of_o the_o testator_n that_o which_o be_v improper_o call_v a_o testament_n be_v any_o other_o lasâ—_n will_v whether_o a_o codicel_n or_o donation_n by_o occasion_n of_o death_n or_o letter_n 11._o letter_n valiâ—ius_n in_o come_v sup_v instit_fw-la do_fw-mi de_fw-fr testam_fw-la ord_n in_o pri_fw-la n._n 9_o 10_o 11._o and_o either_o of_o these_o may_v be_v twofold_a viz._n either_o write_v or_o nuncupative_a 476._o nuncupative_a perk._n testam_fw-la 476._o but_o land_n can_v be_v give_v by_o a_o nuncupative_n will_n 55._o will_n 32._o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o coo._n l._n 3._o baker_n case_n foe_z 31._o dier_n fol._n 53._o n._n 13._o &_o fol._n 72._o n._n 2._o &_o fol._n 143._o n._n 54_o 55._o 1._o that_o rigorous_a way_n of_o solemnity_n which_o the_o roman_n use_v in_o make_v of_o will_n be_v long_o since_o abrogate_a by_o the_o canon_n law_n which_o count_v two_o witness_n before_o the_o parish_n priest_n sufficient_a to_o maintain_v or_o prove_v a_o will._n testamentis_fw-la will._n c._n cum_fw-la esses_fw-la 10._o extra_fw-la testamentis_fw-la nor_o do_v the_o custom_n of_o england_n oblige_v so_o much_o as_o the_o decretal_a for_o with_o we_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o pronounce_v a_o will_n before_o two_o freeman_n whether_o clergy_n or_o lay_v 13._o lay_v brac._n l._n 1._o c._n 16._o n._n 2._o glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 6._o dier_n foe_n 52._o n._n 13._o yet_o our_o sage_n do_v for_o very_o good_a reason_n persuade_v man_n
ancestor_n unless_o he_o be_v special_o mention_v in_o the_o instrument_n of_o contract_n and_o have_v a_o estate_n sufficient_a descend_v 2._o bracton_n 418._o bracton_n l._n 2._o c._n 26._o n._n 1._o glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 8._o blow_n fol._n 418._o make_v this_o distribution_n of_o chattel_n viz._n that_o debt_n be_v pay_v the_o overplus_n shall_v be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n whereof_z one_o to_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o child_n the_o other_o to_o to_o the_o wife_n and_o the_o three_o at_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o child_n than_o one_o half_a to_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o wife_n and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o wife_n than_o one_o moiety_n to_o the_o child_n and_o the_o other_o as_o the_o testator_n shall_v please_v but_o this_o rather_o seem_v to_o be_v counsel_n then_o law_n for_o a_o little_a after_o in_o the_o same_o place_n he_o say_v that_o neither_o the_o wife_n nor_o child_n ought_v to_o take_v more_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o father_n or_o husband_n decease_v than_o what_o be_v particular_o bequeath_v unto_o they_o except_o it_o be_v upon_o some_o special_a grace_n as_o have_v merit_v extraordinary_o of_o he_o in_o his_o life_n time_n and_o he_o give_v this_o reason_n namely_o because_o there_o will_v scarce_o be_v find_v any_o one_o who_o will_v endeavour_v to_o lay_v up_o much_o if_o he_o shall_v be_v compel_v at_o his_o death_n to_o leave_v it_o to_o illiterate_a or_o debauch_a child_n or_o to_o a_o ill_a wife_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v very_o necessary_a that_o in_o this_o they_o shall_v have_v a_o free_a power_n for_o by_o this_o they_o prevent_v vice_n and_o encourage_v virtue_n and_o give_v occasion_n both_o to_o wife_n and_o child_n of_o well_o do_v which_o can_v not_o be_v if_o they_o know_v undoubted_o that_o they_o shall_v have_v a_o certain_a portion_n whether_o the_o testator_n will_v or_o not_o of_o the_o institute_n of_o heir_n tit._n fourteen_o the_o civillian_n and_o we_o have_v a_o different_a acceptation_n of_o the_o word_n heir_n for_o they_o call_v he_o a_o heir_n who_o the_o testator_n nominate_v in_o his_o will_n ordinand_n will_n inst_z de_fw-fr testam_fw-la ordinand_n and_o we_o he_o who_o be_v next_o of_o kin_n to_o the_o party_n decease_v to_o who_o a_o fee_n do_v of_o right_o belong_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o ancestor_n 119._o ancestor_n glan_n l._n 7_o c._n 1._o brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 33._o â—_o 3._o brit._n c._n 118_o 119._o so_o that_o we_o affirm_v it_o be_v not_o man_n but_o god_n who_o make_v heir_n ib._n heir_n glan_n &_o brit._n ib._n and_o that_o here_o be_v come_v from_o hereditate_fw-la where_o succession_n be_v by_o right_a of_o blood_n ib._n blood_n brit._n ib._n nor_o do_v we_o call_v all_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v his_o inheritance_n but_o only_o his_o fee_n or_o at_o lest_o those_o land_n &_o tenement_n with_o all_o thing_n corporal_a and_o incorporal_a which_o the_o party_n decease_v hold_v by_o a_o perpetual_a right_n ib._n right_n jidem_fw-la ib._n wherefore_o it_o be_v necessity_n which_o in_o some_o sort_n constitute_v a_o heir_n who_o as_o he_o be_v wont_a to_o succeed_v his_o ancestor_n in_o the_o premise_n even_o against_o his_o will_n so_o be_v he_o oblige_v to_o pay_v his_o debt_n if_o he_o have_v asset_n sufficient_a and_o the_o chattel_n do_v not_o suffice_v 1._o suffice_v glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 7._o brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 26._o n._n 1._o as_o we_o have_v in_o part_n declare_v before_o 1._o wherefore_o a_o heir_n with_o we_o do_v not_o succeed_v to_o the_o universal_a right_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v but_o to_o the_o fee_n assign_v only_o for_o as_o to_o the_o dispose_n of_o chattel_n man_n nominate_v their_o executor_n according_a to_o their_o pleasure_n 10_o pleasure_n glan_n l._n 7._o â—_o 6_o brac._n ib._n dr._n stu_fw-la l_o 2_o c_o 10_o who_o as_o to_o that_o part_n of_o the_o patrimony_n supply_v the_o place_n of_o a_o heir_n and_o represent_v the_o person_n of_o the_o testator_n if_o at_o least_o they_o accept_v the_o office_n 122_o office_n bro_n executor_n 5_o 21_o 22_o 57_o 77_o 84_o 122_o so_o that_o they_o may_v convert_v all_o those_o good_n which_o be_v not_o bequeath_v to_o their_o own_o use_n 943_o use_n blow_n 943_o and_o take_v even_o the_o clothes_n of_o the_o widow_n if_o they_o be_v more_o rich_a and_o sumptuous_a than_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o husband_n will_v bear_v 19_o bear_v bro._n ib_o 19_o a_o executor_n may_v also_o be_v ordain_v either_o absosolute_o or_o upon_o condition_n 45_o condition_n id._n ib_o 9_o &_o administrat_fw-la 1_n &_o 45_o and_o either_o from_o a_o certain_a time_n or_o after_o a_o certain_a time_n 155_o time_n bro_n exec_n 155_o and_o either_o universal_o or_o particular_o 8_o particular_o id_fw-la ib_fw-la 2_o and_o 155_o l_o dier_n foe_n 3_o 4_o n_z 7_o 8_o and_o in_o the_o first_o degree_n or_o by_o substitution_n ibid._n substitution_n id_fw-la ibid._n and_o either_o one_o or_o more_o 117_o more_o id_fw-la ibid._n 13_o 24_o 38_o 117_o 3._o and_o those_o may_v be_v executor_n who_o the_o testator_n shall_v constitute_v whether_o they_o be_v stranger_n or_o parent_n of_o kin_n or_o not_o of_o kin_n 2_o kin_n brac_n l_o 2_o c_o 26_o n_o 2_o and_o not_o only_o those_o who_o be_v free_a but_o servant_n also_o and_o those_o whether_o our_o own_o or_o of_o other_o 68_o other_o lit_n l_o 2_o c_o 11_o bro_n villain_n 68_o nor_o only_a layman_n but_o even_o of_o the_o clergy_n also_o and_o religious_a 77_o religious_a bro_n ib_o 68_o 77_o if_o they_o have_v the_o permission_n of_o their_o superior_n 47_o superior_n fitz._n abrid_n execut_n 47_o so_o also_o may_v woman_n throughout_o woman_n bro._n execut_n throughout_o and_o infant_n 15_o infant_n id_fw-la ib_fw-la 15_o and_o in_o fine_a all_o who_o be_v not_o express_o forbid_v by_o the_o law_n 4_o law_n glan_n l_o 7_o c_o 6_o 4_o 4._o not_o that_o any_o one_o be_v against_o his_o will_n force_v upon_o this_o office_n but_o that_o he_o that_o will_n may_v refuse_v and_o he_o who_o have_v once_o refuse_v may_v notwithstanding_o afterward_o undertake_v it_o 85._o it_o bro_n ib_o 38._o 117_o perk_n 4_o 85._o though_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o he_o can_v during_o the_o life_n of_o his_o co-executor_n 42._o co-executor_n dier_n foe_n 160_o n_o 42._o but_o be_v once_o undertake_v it_o can_v be_v lay_v down_o again_o and_o the_o undertake_n of_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v when_o he_o do_v under_o that_o name_n intermeddle_v with_o any_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n 11._o testator_n id._n f._n 166._o n._n 10._o 11._o if_o a_o executor_n die_v before_o the_o will_v prove_v than_o administration_n of_o the_o good_n shall_v be_v grant_v by_o the_o ordinary_a to_o the_o widow_n or_o next_o kinsman_n of_o the_o testator_n who_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o dispose_v of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n according_a to_o the_o will_n unless_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o good_n after_o the_o payment_n of_o debt_n and_o legacy_n be_v bequeath_v unto_o he_o for_o in_o this_o case_n the_o executor_n of_o that_o executor_n may_v just_o challenge_v administration_n which_o the_o will_v annex_v 8._o annex_v id._n foe_o 172_o n._n 8._o of_o the_o ordinary_a substitution_n tit._n xv._o substitution_n be_v of_o no_o small_a use_n with_o we_o though_o we_o do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o this_o follow_v the_o precept_n and_o rule_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n yet_o we_o can_v so_o free_o dispose_v of_o those_o fee_n which_o we_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n by_o our_o testament_n but_o that_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o leave_v a_o three_o part_n to_o the_o heir_n 7_o heir_n 32._o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 7_o but_o for_o those_o which_o we_o hold_v in_o soccage_n not_o entail_v 30._o entail_v brac._n l._n 2_o c._n 30._o or_o tie_v by_o any_o particular_a custom_n ib._n custom_n glan_n ib._n we_o may_v bequeath_v they_o to_o who_o we_o will_v whether_o to_o a_o kinsman_n or_o stranger_n 1._o stranger_n 32_o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o provide_v we_o hold_v no_o other_o land_n in_o capite_fw-la by_o knight_n service_n and_o in_o each_o of_o these_o case_n we_o may_v make_v substitution_n either_o vulgariter_fw-la as_o they_o term_v it_o or_o pupillariter_fw-la now_o this_o substitution_n be_v nothing_o else_o than_o the_o add_v of_o a_o condition_n which_o we_o common_o call_v tail_n namely_o a_o limitation_n of_o heir_n to_o who_o we_o intend_v to_o have_v the_o land_n descend_v from_o the_o testator_n or_o remain_v or_o otherwise_o revert_v to_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n 1._o yet_o be_v not_o this_o substitution_n the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n
kitchen_n tit_n escheat_n f._n 110._o of_o the_o tertullian_n decree_n tit._n 3._o we_o in_o the_o case_n of_o fee_n follow_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n which_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n suffer_v a_o ascend_n from_o child_n to_o parent_n 1._o parent_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 29._o n._n 1._o wherefore_o if_o this_o seem_v harsh_a to_o any_o one_o we_o shall_v wish_v he_o a_o tertuilian_n or_o claudius_n to_o persuade_v our_o senate_n to_o the_o contrary_n of_o the_o orphitian_n decree_n tit._n iu._n child_n with_o we_o do_v equal_o succeed_v to_o inheritance_n come_v from_o the_o father_n or_o mother_n side_n and_o that_o by_o the_o same_o rule_n and_o in_o the_o same_o degree_n 9_o degree_n flet._n l._n 6._o c._n 9_o wherefore_o we_o have_v no_o need_n here_o of_o a_o orphitius_n of_o the_o succession_n of_o cousin_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n tit._n v._n the_o roman_n call_v those_o particular_o cognati_fw-la which_o be_v ally_v by_o the_o female_a side_n affinitatis_fw-la side_n ult._n s._n 1._o â—_o de_fw-fr gradibus_fw-la affinitatis_fw-la but_o there_o remain_v nothing_o to_o be_v speak_v of_o they_o the_o two_o former_a title_n be_v consider_v book_n consider_v viz._n the_o first_o and_o second_o of_o this_o book_n where_o we_o have_v show_v that_o these_o be_v never_o to_o succeed_v as_o heir_n but_o for_o default_n of_o heir_n on_o the_o father_n side_n which_o be_v so_o to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o most_o remote_a cousin_n on_o the_o father_n side_n descend_v in_o a_o direct_a line_n but_o not_o in_o a_o collateral_a be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o near_a on_o the_o mother_n side_n for_o the_o great_a great_a grandchild_n of_o my_o â—â—neall_a niece_n or_o of_o my_o sister_n shall_v succeed_v 〈◊〉_d before_o my_o son_n or_o daughter_n cousin-german_a 31._o cousin-german_a bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 30._o and_o 31._o 1._o this_o brief_o i_o think_v also_o to_o insert_v that_o 〈◊〉_d default_n of_o heir_n in_o a_o right_a line_n descend_v 〈◊〉_d in_o each_o collateral_a line_n the_o land_n shall_v escheat_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n 143._o fee_n glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 17._o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 29._o n._n 1._o lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o f._n n._n b._n 143._o of_o the_o degree_n of_o consanguinity_n tit._n vi_o have_v mention_v degree_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o person_n who_o be_v â—n_a possibility_n of_o succession_n and_o who_o be_v prefer_v before_o other_o in_o succession_n from_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o the_o same_o line_n to_o the_o last_o 2._o last_o bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 31._o n._n 2._o 1._o in_o the_o right_a line_n ascend_v be_v these_o grandfather_n great_a grandfather_n the_o great_a grandfather_n father_n the_o great_a grandfather_n grandfather_n the_o great_a grandfather_n great_a grandfather_n and_o so_o ad_fw-la infinitum_fw-la 2._o infinitum_fw-la id._n ib._n flet._n l._n 6._o c._n 2._o 2._o in_o the_o right_a line_n descend_v father_n and_o mother_n be_v first_o which_o make_v the_o common_a root_n than_o son_n and_o daughter_n the_o nephew_n and_o niece_n and_o so_o ad_fw-la infinitum_fw-la ib._n infinitum_fw-la brac._n and_o flet._n ib._n 3._o in_o the_o collateral_a line_n ascend_v brother_n or_o sister_n of_o father_n or_o mother_n make_v the_o second_o degree_n and_o so_o their_o heir_n ad_fw-la infinitum_fw-la ib._n infinitum_fw-la id._n ib._n 4._o in_o the_o collateral_a line_n descend_v be_v brother_n and_o sister_n and_o their_o heir_n ad_fw-la infinitum_fw-la ib._n infinitum_fw-la id._n ib._n of_o the_o consanguinity_n of_o those_o who_o be_v servile_a tit._n vii_o this_o title_n be_v with_o the_o ancient_a civilian_n reckon_v as_o part_n of_o the_o former_a title_n former_a wesenb_n in_o the_o same_o title_n noâ—_n do_v our_o law_n determine_v any_o thing_n in_o the_o case_n of_o such_o as_o be_v manumit_v contrary_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o those_o who_o be_v bear_v free_a there_o marriage_n be_v a_o like_a lawful_a of_o the_o succession_n of_o such_o as_o be_v make_v free_a tit._n viii_o have_v be_v not_o with_o we_o admit_v to_o succeed_v those_o who_o be_v make_v free_a in_o case_n they_o die_v without_o issue_n wherefore_o if_o any_o one_o purchase_n a_o fee_n after_o manumission_n and_o die_v without_o heir_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n shall_v claim_v it_o by_o escheat_n and_o not_o he_o who_o give_v the_o party_n decease_v his_o freedom_n etc._n freedom_n f._n n._n b_o fol._n 143._o t._n etc._n etc._n the_o same_o rule_n be_v also_o for_o the_o chattel_n of_o such_o die_a intestate_a as_o for_o those_o who_o be_v bear_v free_a of_o the_o assignation_n of_o such_o as_o be_v make_v free_a tit._n ix_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n with_o we_o between_o those_o who_o be_v manumit_v and_o those_o who_o be_v bear_v free_a save_v that_o they_o some_o time_n be_v servant_n wherefore_o we_o have_v no_o use_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o assignation_n in_o our_o common-weath_a of_o the_o possession_n of_o good_n tit._n x._o the_o supreme_a power_n with_o we_o give_v the_o possession_n of_o a_o fee_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o they_o who_o hold_v the_o fee_n of_o he_o by_o any_o kind_n of_o service_n in_o capite_fw-la for_o he_o by_o his_o prerogative_n have_v the_o primer_n seisin_n of_o land_n c._n land_n stan._n prerog_n c._n 3._o and_o 13._o f._n n._n b._n foe_n 255._o and._n 256._o c._n nor_o can_v the_o heir_n receive_v they_o but_o by_o his_o hand_n those_o who_o hold_v of_o other_o lord_n by_o knight_n service_n much_o more_o tenant_n in_o socage_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o come_v of_o age_n enter_v upon_o their_o estate_n by_o right_a and_o in_o case_n their_o lord_n hinder_v they_o may_v have_v their_o action_n have_v satisfy_v the_o value_n of_o their_o marriage_n b_o 1._o but_o for_o those_o good_n which_o we_o call_v chattel_n the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n who_o be_v in_o stead_n of_o the_o ordinary_a give_v possession_n of_o they_o according_a to_o the_o will_n or_o at_o least_o confirm_v the_o possession_n be_v take_v to_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v but_o if_o there_o be_v no_o will_n than_o he_o grant_v administration_n to_o the_o widow_n or_o next_o kinsman_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v yet_o so_o that_o the_o good_n shall_v be_v distribute_v according_a to_o his_o judgement_n either_o among_o 11._o among_o 31_o ed._n 3._o c._n 11._o they_o or_o for_o pious_a use_n provin_fw-fr use_n linw._n provin_fw-fr of_o acquire_v by_o adrogation_n or_o adoption_n tit._n xi_o there_o be_v nothing_o hinder_v but_o that_o the_o english_a may_v adrogate_v or_o adopt_v and_o be_v adopt_v but_o in_o this_o case_n the_o consent_n of_o both_o party_n be_v sole_o essential_a for_o our_o law_n determine_v nothing_o of_o this_o kind_n of_o acquisition_n unless_o that_o which_o natural_o fall_v out_o between_o party_n and_o party_n in_o contract_n of_o he_o to_o who_o good_n be_v grant_v for_o liberty_n tit._n xii_o as_o for_o those_o servant_n who_o receive_v their_o freedom_n from_o their_o lord_n by_o testament_n the_o chief_n thing_n be_v the_o performance_n of_o the_o will_n for_o it_o be_v not_o material_a whether_o the_o executor_n will_v accept_v the_o office_n for_o we_o have_v show_v before_o how_o ungrateful_a that_o old_a solemnity_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o case_n of_o will_n be_v to_o we_o of_o succession_n which_o be_v among_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o sale_n of_o good_n according_a to_o the_o claudian_a decree_n tit._n xiii_o we_o have_v not_o this_o kind_n of_o acquisition_n among_o we_o yet_o have_v we_o something_o like_a unto_o it_o for_o the_o fee_n and_o all_o other_o the_o good_n of_o bankrupt_n who_o have_v consume_v their_o fortune_n withdraw_v themselves_o that_o their_o creditor_n may_v not_o arrest_v they_o wheresoever_o they_o be_v find_v be_v divide_v towards_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o creditor_n by_o such_o honourable_a person_n who_o the_o statute_n in_o this_o case_n mention_n 7._o mention_n 34_o h._n 8._o c._n 4_o 13_o eliz._n c._n 7._o but_o above_o all_o that_o most_o famous_a act_n in_o king_n james_n his_o time_n do_v most_o careful_o provide_v in_o these_o case_n 15._o case_n 1_o jacob._n sesse_n 1._o c._n 15._o of_o obligation_n tit._n xiiii_o we_o have_v before_o treat_v of_o person_n and_o thing_n and_o be_v now_o to_o speak_v of_o action_n 1._o action_n brac._n l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 1._o now_o a_o action_n come_v from_o precedent_a obligation_n as_o a_o child_n from_o a_o mother_n 2._o mother_n id._n ib._n n._n 2._o a_o obligation_n be_v a_o legal_a bond_n or_o tie_n whereby_o we_o be_v necessary_o bind_v to_o the_o give_v or_o do_v of_o any_o thing_n n._n thing_n id_fw-la ib._n c._n 2._o n._n all_o civil_a obligation_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o two_o kind_n obligation_n by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o by_o
he_o lit._n ib._n 19_o all_o person_n may_v regular_o take_v form_n except_o spiritual_a who_o be_v prohibit_v unless_o it_o be_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o their_o family_n 13._o family_n 21._o h._n 8._o c._n 13._o 20._o lessee_n be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v his_o rent_n to_o the_o lessor_n which_o if_o he_o shall_v fail_v to_o do_v the_o lessor_n during_o the_o term_n may_v distrain_v and_o this_o seem_v true_a whether_o it_o be_v agree_v so_o or_o not_o for_o whatsoever_o be_v bring_v by_o the_o lessee_n into_o the_o tenement_n be_v annex_v as_o a_o pledge_n for_o the_o rent_n 1._o rent_n dr._n stu._n l._n 2._o c_o 9_o lit._n ib._n brac_n l._n 2._o c._n 28._o n._n 1._o but_o after_o the_o term_n he_o can_v 59_o can_v lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 5._o flet._n l._n 2._o c._n 59_o the_o payment_n of_o rent_n admit_v no_o satisfaction_n for_o the_o lessee_n be_v not_o free_v by_o pay_v before_o the_o day_n a_o day_n coo._n bevills_n case_n foe_z 10._o a_o if_o tenant_n of_o a_o fee-farm_n do_v not_o occupy_v the_o land_n lease_v for_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n by_o reason_n whereof_o there_o can_v be_v no_o distress_n the_o lessor_n upon_o his_o action_n may_v recover_v it_o into_o his_o own_o hand_n g_o hand_n 6_o e._n 1._o c._n 4._o westm_n 2._o c._n 21._o f_o n_n b_o foe_o 209_o g_o 22._o but_o in_o most_o lease_n whether_o for_o year_n 〈◊〉_d life_n it_o be_v covenant_v that_o in_o case_n the_o â—ent_n be_v behind_o at_o a_o certain_a day_n yearly_o 〈◊〉_d half_a yearly_a unpaid_a that_o the_o lessor_n may_v â—â—ter_v &_o reastume_n the_o possession_n to_o himself_o or_o â—â—at_v the_o lease_n shall_v forthwith_o become_v void_a use_v expire_v in_o the_o first_o case_n if_o the_o rent_n at_o â—â—e_z day_n assign_v be_v not_o pay_v be_v lawful_o demand_v upon_o the_o ground_n by_o the_o lesâ—â—r_n not_o only_o he_o in_o his_o life_n time_n but_o after_o his_o â—eath_n unless_o he_o distrain_v in_o his_o life_n time_n 〈◊〉_d the_o rent_n or_o receive_v it_o upon_o tender_a case_n tender_a coo._n l._n 3._o pennants_n case_n 〈◊〉_d heir_n may_v enter_v otherwise_o not_o 17._o not_o dr._n stu_fw-ge l._n 1._o c._n 20._o dier_n foe_n 51._o n._n 17._o for_o â—ent_v aught_o to_o be_v demand_v 836._o demand_v perk._n 836._o nor_o in_o this_o â—â—se_n do_v the_o day_n demand_v for_o the_o man_n but_o 〈◊〉_d the_o condition_n be_v that_o the_o rent_n shall_v be_v â—â—id_v in_o any_o extrinsecall_a place_n there_o need_v 〈◊〉_d demand_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o â—â—me_n 24._o â—â—me_n dier_n l._n 8._o n._n 23._o 24._o though_o other_o more_o modern_a affirm_v â—â—e_v contrary_a 73_o contrary_a coo._n l._n 4._o burroughes_n case_n foe_n 73_o 23._o if_o husband_n and_o wife_n hire_v land_n at_o too_o â—â—ere_o a_o rent_n the_o husband_n die_v before_o the_o â—earm_n the_o wife_n may_v leave_v it_o and_o if_o the_o â—_z survive_v the_o wife_n and_o die_v his_o execuâ—â—rs_n have_v the_o same_o liberty_n if_o the_o testotor_n good_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o satisfy_v the_o other_o creditor_n the_o rent_n be_v compute_v for_o 〈◊〉_d term_v of_o year_n 70._o year_n dr._n stu._n l._n 2._o c._n 33._o dier_n foe_n 146._o n._n 70._o 24._o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o a_o year_n upon_o condition_n that_o the_o rent_n shall_v be_v pay_v at_o michaellmas_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n give_v a_o general_a release_n to_o the_o lessee_n of_o all_o action_n â—nd_v demand_n this_o do_v not_o remit_v the_o rent_n 8._o rent_n lit._n l_o 3._o c_o 8._o although_o it_o seem_v something_o strange_a 25._o a_o lessee_n be_v not_o only_o bind_v to_o the_o payment_n of_o rent_n 1._o rent_n dier_n foe_fw-mi 4_o n_z 1._o but_o also_o to_o use_v well_o the_o thing_n lease_v 34_o lease_v id._n foe_o 324._o n_o 34_o so_o that_o if_o either_o he_o or_o a_o three_o person_n commit_v waste_a he_o be_v liable_a unto_o the_o lessor_n according_a to_o the_o penalty_n of_o the_o statute_n 43._o statute_n 6_o e_z 1_o c_o 5_o dier_n foe_n 90_o n_z 9_o and_z 10_o and_o foe_n 108_o n_z 31_o and_o foe_n 198_o n_z 43._o and_o be_v leave_v to_o take_v his_o remedy_n against_o the_o three_o person_n 4_o person_n dr._n stu_fw-ge l_o 7_o c_o 31_o and_o l_o 2_o c_o 4_o unless_o he_o be_v aâ—_n infant_n 17_o infant_n id_fw-la l_o 1_o c_o 17_o but_o it_o be_v not_o waste_v to_o fell_a timber_n for_o necessary_a reapaâ—tions_n ib_fw-la reapaâ—tions_n id_fw-la ib_fw-la 26._o in_o selâ—ing_v and_o hire_v the_o law_n be_v the_o same_o as_o to_o the_o mutual_a obligation_n of_o person_n as_o in_o covenant_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o lessee_n undertake_v for_o himself_o to_o do_v or_o not_o do_v anything_o his_o executor_n or_o assign_v not_o be_v name_v himself_o be_v only_o bind_v and_o they_o free_a from_o any_o manner_n of_o obligation_n 8_o obligation_n dier_n foe_n 65_o n_z 8_o but_o this_o be_v sometime_o disputable_a a_o lessee_n covenant_n with_o his_o lessor_n that_o if_o either_o he_o his_o executor_n or_o assign_v alienate_v the_o land_n lease_v to_o another_o that_o then_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o lessor_n or_o his_o heir_n to_o re-enter_v and_o to_o eject_v the_o lessee_n his_o executor_n or_o assign_v and_o not_o long_o after_o the_o lessee_n fall_v sick_a and_o by_o his_o last_o will_n constitute_v his_o wife_n his_o executrix_n and_o die_v the_o wife_n marry_v a_o second_o husband_n who_o alienates_v her_o right_n and_o term_v in_o the_o say_a land_n and_o it_o be_v much_o question_v whether_o in_o this_o case_n the_o lessor_n may_v enter_v in_o regard_n this_o second_o husband_n be_v neither_o executor_n nor_o assignee_n of_o the_o first_o but_o in_o the_o end_n it_o be_v determine_v for_o the_o lessor_n because_o the_o second_o husband_n be_v in_o this_o case_n adjudge_v assignee_n in_o law_n though_o not_o in_o fact_n 5_o fact_n dier_n foe_n 6_o n_z 5_o 27._o if_o a_o lessee_n oblige_v himself_o to_o leave_v house_n in_o repair_n at_o the_o end_n of_o his_o term_n the_o lessor_n can_v bring_v his_o action_n of_o covenant_n until_o the_o term_n be_v end_v although_o the_o lessee_n shall_v pull_v the_o house_n down_o yet_o he_o may_v bring_v a_o action_n of_o waste_n k._n waste_n f._n n._n b._n foe_o 145._o k._n 28._o lessee_n be_v not_o oblige_v against_o a_o great_a force_n or_o against_o tempest_n or_o incursion_n of_o enemy_n unless_o he_o do_v express_o oblige_v himself_o to_o it_o 8._o it_o dr._n &_o stâ—â—_n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o dier_n foe_n 33._o n._n 10_o 11._o foe_n 36._o n_o 35._o foe_n 56._o n._n 14._o 12_o h._n 8._o foe_n 1._o b._n v._o lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o 29._o tenant_n at_o will_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o repararation_n as_o tenant_n for_o year_n u_o but_o if_o he_o commit_v waste_v he_o be_v liable_a to_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n 10._o trespass_n id_fw-la ib._n dier_n foe_n 90_o n._n 9_o 10._o of_o partner_n or_o fellowship_n tit._n xxvi_o our_o judicious_a lawyer_n be_v very_o frequent_a in_o dispute_v the_o right_n of_o those_o partner_n or_o fellow_n who_o hold_v land_n or_o other_o thing_n pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la and_o these_o they_o call_v either_o partner_n joint-tenant_n or_o tenant_n in_o common_a 4._o common_a little_a l._n 3._o c._n 2_o 3_o 4._o 1._o partner_n be_v either_o by_o the_o law_n or_o by_o custom_n by_o law_n ib._n law_n term_n v._o parcener_n &_o little_a ib._n &_o two_o or_o more_o woman_n of_o the_o same_o degree_n who_o for_o defect_n of_o heir_n male_n succeed_v by_o equal_a right_n in_o the_o inheritance_n of_o their_o ancestor_n or_o else_o the_o son_n of_o two_o woman_n to_o who_o land_n not_o former_o divide_v by_o their_o mother_n descend_v 2._o descend_v little_a l._n 3._o c._n 1._o and_o 2._o by_o custom_n be_v those_o who_o from_o the_o custom_n of_o divers_a province_n which_o we_o call_v gavell_n kind_n do_v equal_o succeed_v their_o ancestor_n whether_o they_o be_v brother_n or_o for_o default_n of_o they_o sister_n nâ—ices_n or_o aunt_n 2._o joint-tenant_n be_v either_o call_v so_o proper_o or_o improper_o 43._o improper_o instit_fw-la jur._n com._n c._n 15._o dier_n foe_n 67._o n._n 18._o &_o foe_fw-mi 160._o n._n 43._o proper_o be_v those_o who_o hold_v a_o fee_n or_o freehold_n or_o any_o real_a cartel_n by_o force_n of_o the_o same_o title_n pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la improper_o be_v those_o which_o possess_v any_o personal_a chattel_n so_o and_o those_o be_v thus_o join_v either_o by_o their_o own_o will_v sole_o as_o purchase_v the_o premise_n with_o their_o own_o money_n and_o so_o possess_v they_o pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la or_o else_o by_o the_o will_n and_o bounty_n of_o other_o as_o where_o one_o give_v any_o thing_n to_o two_o or_o more_o joint_o 4._o joint_o
lit._n l._n 3._o c._n 4._o unless_o the_o donee_n be_v a_o body_n politic_a and_o receive_v under_o that_o notion_n or_o at_o least_o one_o of_o they_o in_o which_o case_n they_o be_v tenant_n in_o common_a ibid._n common_a id._n ibid._n 3._o partner_n and_o joint-tenant_n differ_v two_o way_n the_o former_a be_v join_v by_o necessity_n and_o be_v call_v partner_n mere_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o inheritance_n joint-tenant_n have_v their_o name_n either_o from_o purchase_n or_o gift_n and_o be_v join_v together_o by_o their_o own_o will_n and_o not_o by_o necessity_n quotation_n necessity_n see_v the_o former_a quotation_n 4._o thereare_v also_o some_o who_o be_v joint-tenant_n only_o for_o life_n and_o yet_o have_v several_a inheritance_n as_o where_o land_n be_v give_v to_o two_o man_n or_o two_o woman_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n in_o this_o cafe_z so_o long_o as_o they_o live_v they_o be_v call_v joint-tenant_n for_o one_o of_o they_o have_v issue_n and_o die_v his_o fellow_n shall_v have_v the_o whole_a during_o his_o life_n who_o also_o if_o he_o shall_v leave_v issue_n and_o die_v his_o heir_n with_o the_o heir_n of_o he_o that_o die_v before_o shall_v hold_v the_o say_a land_n in_o common_a 15._o common_a iâ—st_n c._n 15._o and_o if_o one_o of_o the_o donee_n die_v without_o heir_n his_o part_n for_o defect_n of_o a_o heir_n shall_v after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o fellow_n revert_v to_o the_o donor_n 3._o donor_n littl._n l._n 3._o c._n 3._o 5._o tenant_n in_o common_a be_v they_o who_o hold_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o land_n or_o tenement_n chattel_n personal_a or_o real_a joint_o but_o by_o several_a title_n 4._o title_n id._n ibid._n c._n 4._o for_o if_o one_o parcener_n alienate_v or_o give_v his_o right_n to_o a_o stranger_n the_o stranger_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v tenant_n in_o common_a though_o the_o rest_n among_o themselves_o enjoy_v their_o former_a appellation_n 6._o wherefore_o tenant_n in_o common_a differ_v from_o partner_n in_o this_o that_o these_o do_v not_o possess_v any_o thing_n in_o common_a by_o right_n of_o inheritance_n as_o do_v the_o other_o nor_o be_v they_o join_v by_o any_o necessity_n and_o from_o joint-tenant_n in_o that_o they_o hold_v a_o thing_n in_o common_a by_o divers_a title_n or_o at_o least_o the_o tenant_n be_v natural_o so_o unequal_a that_o they_o can_v admit_v of_o any_o conjunction_n such_o be_v body_n politic_a among_o themselves_o or_o with_o single_a person_n ibid._n person_n id._n ibid._n 7._o first_o for_o partner_n these_o though_o they_o die_v before_o partition_n transmit_v and_o leave_v their_o part_n to_o their_o child_n if_o they_o have_v any_o otherwise_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o fellow_n 14._o fellow_n id._n ibid._n c._n 2._o inst_z c._n 14._o 8._o partition_n may_v be_v make_v either_o by_o mutual_a consent_n 179._o consent_n dier_n foe_n 179._o or_o if_o some_o refuse_v by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o judge_n for_o he_o who_o desire_v to_o have_v his_o part_n divide_v may_v have_v a_o writ_n of_o partition_n by_o which_o he_o shall_v compel_v the_o rest_n to_o divide_v c._n divide_v f._n n._n b._n 61._o k._n &_o 259._o c._n 260._o b_o 261._o c._n but_o if_o one_o woman_n partner_n entermarry_v and_o have_v issue_n die_v the_o husband_n be_v tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n may_v compel_v they_o to_o a_o partition_n if_o it_o be_v not_o already_o make_v 2._o make_v littl._n l._n 3._o c._n 2._o 9_o littleton_n do_v very_o full_o describe_v the_o manner_n of_o make_v partition_n both_o by_o consent_n and_o compulsion_n but_o this_o be_v rather_o matter_n of_o fact_n then_o of_o law_n that_o only_o be_v observable_a that_o if_o partition_n be_v make_v by_o consent_n one_o or_o more_o of_o the_o partner_n be_v under_o age_n it_o may_v afterward_o be_v correct_v wheâ—_n they_o come_v to_o full_a age_n provide_v they_o do_v not_o confirm_v it_o when_o they_o come_v of_o age_n by_o receive_v the_o profit_n ib._n profit_n id_fw-la ib._n and_o if_o it_o be_v a_o fee-tail_n although_o all_o be_v at_o age_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o partition_n make_v yet_o their_o heir_n may_v disagree_v to_o 〈◊〉_d ib._n 〈◊〉_d id_fw-la ib._n so_o also_o if_o a_o unequal_a partition_n be_v make_v by_o the_o husband_n of_o coheir_n after_o marrimony_n be_v dissolve_v either_o of_o they_o may_v disagree_v e._n disagree_v id._n ib._n f._n n._n b._n 62_o e._n 10._o if_o after_o partition_n any_o part_n of_o either_o oâ—_n the_o partner_n estate_n lie_v evict_v by_o law_n he_o or_o she_o who_o part_n it_o be_v may_v compel_v the_o rest_n to_o a_o new_a partition_n and_o recover_v a_o lawful_a part_n in_o those_o land_n which_o the_o rest_n hold_v 2._o hold_v little_a ib._n c._n 2._o 11._o if_o there_o be_v a_o advowson_n in_o the_o inheritance_n and_o the_o partner_n will_v not_o consent_v in_o the_o presentation_n of_o a_o clerk_n than_o the_o elder_a shall_v present_v in_o the_o first_o vacancy_n and_o the_o rest_n according_a to_o their_o case_n and_o to_o this_o they_o may_v be_v compel_v if_o they_o refuse_v to_o agree_v and_o every_o one_o have_v therr_n lawful_a remedy_n if_o they_o be_v hinder_v from_o present_v in_o their_o turn_n c._n turn_n f._n n._n b._n 34_o t_n and_o 36_o c._n 12._o if_o there_o be_v two_o joint-tenant_n of_o a_o fee_n simple_a withi_o a_o burrow_n where_o land_n and_o tenemenr_n be_v divisible_a by_o will_n and_o one_o of_o they_o devise_v his_o right_n to_o a_o stranger_n and_o die_v this_o devise_n be_v void_a and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o that_o part_n which_o by_o the_o law_n at_o his_o death_n come_v unto_o the_o other_o by_o the_o right_n of_o â—â—crease_n and_o out_o of_o descent_n can_v any_o way_n 〈◊〉_d convey_v to_o another_o by_o a_o will_v which_o â—â—es_v not_o its_o operation_n till_o the_o death_n 〈◊〉_d the_o testator_n from_o he_o that_o claim_v the_o â—â—ole_n 3_o â—â—ole_n littl_n l_o 3_o c_o 3_o 13._o two_o take_v a_o lease_n joint_o for_o year_n â—â—th_v this_o condition_n agree_v to_o between_o the_o â—â—ssor_n and_o they_o that_o if_o the_o lessee_n die_v beâ—â—â—e_v the_o term_n end_v the_o lease_n shall_v be_v â—â—id_v the_o lessee_n make_v division_n and_o one_o 〈◊〉_d they_o alienate_v his_o part_n and_z dies_z the_o 〈◊〉_d lessor_n can_v reassume_v the_o part_n of_o he_o â—â—at_v die_v but_o the_o alience_n shall_v hold_v it_o duâ—ing_v the_o life_n of_o he_o that_o survive_v nor_o have_v occupation_n in_o this_o case_n any_o force_n but_o it_o two_o â—â—ke_v a_o lease_n for_o theit_n live_v and_o make_v parâ—â—tion_n either_o of_o they_o die_v his_o part_n immediate_o revert_v to_o the_o lessor_n 18_o lessor_n dier_n foe_n 67._o c_o 18_o 14._o two_o be_v joint-tenant_n for_o life_n one_o of_o which_o let_v out_o his_o part_n by_o indenture_n to_o a_o three_o person_n for_o year_n reserve_v a_o rent_n from_o it_o to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o die_v the_o question_n be_v whether_o by_o his_o death_n the_o ritle_n do_v whole_o vanish_v or_o whether_o the_o survive_a joint-tenant_n ought_v to_o hold_v the_o whole_a for_o his_o life_n &_o if_o he_o ought_v then_o whether_o he_o be_v leave_v to_o his_o own_o libertty_n notwitstand_v the_o lease_n of_o his_o fellow_n or_o to_o take_v only_o the_o rent_n reserve_v upon_o that_o moiety_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v by_o the_o justice_n that_o the_o survivor_n ought_v to_o hold_v the_o whole_a land_n for_o life_n and_o that_o free_a and_o disoblige_v from_o the_o other_o lease_n 5_o lease_n id_fw-la foe_o 178_o n_o 5_o 15._o and_o this_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o joint-tenant_n in_o fee_n and_o partner_n that_o neither_o of_o the_o donee_n can_v charge_v his_o land_n whiâ—â—_n he_o hold_v pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la with_o any_o rend_a longâ—â—_n then_o for_o life_n but_o a_o partner_n may_v and_o the_o râ—â—son_n be_v it_o can_v prejudice_n his_o fellow_n or_o 〈◊〉_d heir_n who_o derive_v his_o right_a not_o from_o hiâ—_n but_o from_o the_o donor_n but_o partner_n succee_v one_o the_o other_o for_o defect_n of_o heir_n may_v froâ—_n one_o anotherr_n derive_v their_o right_n 3._o right_n littl._n ib._n c._n 3._o 16._o which_o notwitstand_v in_o let_v 〈◊〉_d clear_o otherwise_o for_o if_o one_o of_o the_o doneeâ—_n who_o hold_v pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la to_o he_o and_o his_o heiâ—â—_n let_v out_o his_o right_n for_o a_o complete_a term_n 〈◊〉_d die_v the_o lessee_n after_o his_o death_n may_v retain_v 〈◊〉_d during_o the_o term_n nay_o he_o may_v enter_v into_o tâ—â—_n land_n although_o they_o be_v not_o deliver_v unto_o he_o in_o the_o lessor_n life_n time_n or_o anâ—_n way_n possess_v by_o he_o ib._n he_o id._n ib._n and_o the_o reason_n 〈◊〉_d diversity_n between_o a_o rend_a charge_n and_o a_o lease_n be_v judicious_o give_v by_o littleton_n ib._n
certainty_n by_o the_o legatee_n b._n legatee_n fulb._n par_fw-fr 38._o b._n 16._o there_o have_v be_v a_o great_a difference_n in_o opinion_n among_o our_o learned_a lawyer_n and_o that_o according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o species_n in_o the_o case_n of_o corn_n etc._n etc._n sow_v by_o those_o who_o have_v land_n in_o possession_n and_o not_o sever_v from_o the_o soil_n for_o example_n tenant_n in_o dower_n sow_n corn_n and_o die_v before_o harvest_n she_o may_v devise_v the_o corn_n though_o not_o yet_o ripe_a 37._o ripe_a perk._n 521._o stat._n merton_n c._n 2._o flet._n l._n 2._o c._n 37._o which_o be_v true_a also_o as_o to_o those_o land_n which_o she_o hold_v joint_o or_o several_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o dower_n 38._o dower_n perk._n 513._o fulb._n 17._o â—ural_a devise_n 38._o 17._o but_o if_o contrary_a to_o custom_n she_o be_v endow_v by_o the_o guardian_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o die_v leave_v corn_n grow_v her_o executor_n may_v be_v eject_v by_o the_o heir_n when_o he_o come_v to_o age_n and_o hinder_v from_o gather_v the_o profit_n 524._o profit_n perk._n 524._o so_o if_o the_o heir_n come_v of_o age_n recover_v land_n against_o his_o mother_n or_o widow_n of_o his_o ancestor_n in_o a_o writ_n of_o admeasurement_n of_o dower_n he_o shall_v recover_v not_o only_o the_o land_n but_o the_o corn_n also_o which_o be_v by_o he_o deviseable_a ib._n deviseable_a id._n ib._n 18._o tenant_n by_o the_o courtesey_n lease_v forth_o his_o land_n and_o die_v the_o lessee_n shall_v reap_v his_o corn_n and_o may_v if_o he_o die_v before_o it_o be_v ripe_a devise_v it_o 514._o it_o id._n 514._o which_o may_v also_o be_v do_v by_o a_o parson_n of_o a_o church_n as_o to_o his_o glebe_n land_n 11._o land_n 28._o h._n 8._o c._n 11._o 19_o so_o also_o he_o who_o have_v land_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n his_o wife_n die_v after_o the_o corn_n sow_v may_v reap_v the_o benefit_n be_v devise_v it_o 8._o it_o perk._n 518._o lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o which_o his_o lessee_n also_o in_o case_n he_o have_v lease_v out_o the_o say_a land_n may_v do_v b._n do_v perk._n 513._o fulb._n par_fw-fr fol._n 37._o b._n 20._o execution_n be_v take_v upon_o a_o manor_n of_o the_o debtor_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o statute_n merchant_n the_o creditor_n sow_n the_o land_n and_o before_o harvest_n a_o tenant_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n die_v the_o custody_n of_o who_o heir_n be_v under_o age_n satisfi_v the_o debt_n this_o will_v not_o hinder_v but_o that_o the_o creditor_n may_v also_o devise_v the_o corn_n not_o yet_o ripe_a or_o gather_v 516._o gather_v ib._n 516._o 21._o money_n be_v pay_v at_o the_o day_n upon_o a_o mortgage_n yet_o it_o seem_v the_o creditor_n although_o some_o be_v of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n may_v devise_v the_o corn_n which_o he_o sow_v and_o which_o as_o yet_o remain_v ungathered_a ib._n ungathered_a id._n ib._n 22._o tenant_n in_o taile_n lease_v out_o his_o land_n for_o life_n the_o lessee_n sow_n corn_n the_o heir_n recover_v upon_o a_o formedon_n in_o the_o descend_a and_o die_v before_o the_o corn_n be_v gather_v this_o corn_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o though_o other_o contradict_v it_o he_o may_v devise_v by_o will._n b._n will._n perk._n 520._o fulb._n fol._n 37._o b._n 23._o tenant_n in_o fee-simple_n die_v and_o leave_v a_o only_a daughter_n and_o a_o wife_n with_o child_n the_o daughter_n enter_v and_o sow_n the_o land_n but_o before_o harvest_n the_o wife_n be_v deliver_v of_o a_o son_n to_o who_o use_n the_o next_o kinsman_n possess_v himself_o of_o the_o estate_n in_o this_o case_n the_o daughter_n may_v devise_v the_o corn._n a_o corn._n perk._n 521._o fulb._n fol._n 38._o a_o but_o we_o will_v put_v the_o case_n thus_o the_o mother_n before_o the_o son_n be_v bear_v recover_v dower_n against_o the_o daughter_n and_o have_v that_o part_n assign_v by_o the_o sherifte_n which_o the_o daughter_n sow_v in_o this_o case_n she_o may_v devise_v the_o corn_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o quaere_fw-la ib._n quaere_fw-la perk._n ib._n 24._o tenant_n for_o term_n of_o year_n commit_v waste_v upon_o which_o the_o lessor_n recover_v the_o land_n in_o this_o case_n the_o lessee_n can_v devise_v the_o corn_n 515._o corn_n id._n 515._o neither_o can_v he_o if_o another_o upon_o a_o more_o ancient_a title_n recover_v the_o say_a land_n against_o the_o lessor_n ib._n lessor_n id._n ib._n 25._o lessee_n of_o a_o house_n for_o forty_o year_n devise_v the_o say_a house_n to_o a._n without_o mention_v the_o title_n which_o he_o have_v or_o give_v the_o question_n be_v what_o he_o devise_v and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o testator_n devise_v that_o title_n which_o himself_o have_v viz._n the_o term_n of_o forty_o year_n 69._o year_n dyer_n fol._n 307._o n._n 69._o 26._o lessee_n for_o year_n be_v que_fw-fr at_o h_v his_o interest_n to_o a._n the_o remainder_n of_o the_o year_n to_o b._n in_o case_n a._n die_v before_o the_o term_n expire_v a._n be_v in_o possession_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o devise_n and_o not_o long_o after_o alien_n his_o right_a and_o die_v before_o the_o term_n expire_v the_o question_n be_v what_o remedy_n b_o have_v to_o recover_v his_o right_n as_o to_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o year_n unexpired_a and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o he_o be_v without_o remedy_n 41._o remedy_n id._n fol._n 75._o n._n 18._o &_o f._n 140._o n._n 41._o but_o if_o the_o testator_n have_v devise_v so_o many_o year_n of_o the_o lease_n to_o a_o as_o a_o shall_v live_v and_o have_v order_v b._n to_o succeed_v in_o the_o residue_n in_o this_o case_n a._n can_v not_o have_v so_o alienate_v the_o term_n but_o that_o b._n shall_v have_v succeed_v in_o the_o remainder_n unexpired_a 52._o unexpired_a dyer_n fol._n 358._o n._n 50_o 51._o &_o foe_fw-mi 359._o n._n 52._o 27._o disseisee_fw-mi recover_v against_o the_o disseisor_n the_o disseisee_fw-mi may_v devise_v the_o corn_n sow_o but_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v sever_v from_o the_o ground_n the_o disseisor_n may_v take_v it_o away_o or_o devise_v it_o 519._o it_o perk._n 519._o yet_o he_o shall_v pay_v the_o disseisee_fw-mi damage_n 1._o damage_n 6._o ed._n 1._o c._n 1._o 28._o a_o testator_n can_v neither_o devise_v action_n if_o they_o be_v not_o judgement_n nor_o instrument_n of_o action_n 31._o action_n brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 26._o a._n 28._o n._n 2._o &_o l._n 5._o tr_fw-la 5._o c._n 10._o n._n 3._o fulb._n fol._n 30_o 31._o but_o he_o may_v that_o which_o be_v due_a upon_o action_n yet_o be_v this_o devise_v conditional_a namely_o if_o the_o debt_n be_v pay_v or_o recover_v by_o the_o executor_n 527._o executor_n perk._n 527._o 29._o our_o law_n respect_v principal_o as_o do_v the_o civil_a law_n and_o reason_n likewise_o the_o will_n of_o the_o testator_n 343._o testator_n cook_n l._n 3._o bullers_n case_n foe_z 27._o fulb._n fol._n 46._o blow_n 343._o if_o not_o contrary_a to_o law_n if_o therefore_o a_o man_n have_v both_o a_o son_n and_o daughter_n live_v devise_v his_o land_n to_o his_o daughter_n although_o the_o son_n be_v more_o worthy_a yet_o the_o daughter_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n devise_n land_n new_a term_n v._o devise_n if_o he_o add_v and_o annex_v a_o condition_n to_o the_o devise_n which_o be_v neither_o impossible_a in_o nature_n or_o law_n this_o shall_v suspend_v the_o devise_n until_o it_o be_v perform_v 13._o perform_v brit._n c._n 36._o perk._n 570._o brac_n l._n 2._o c._n 6._o n._n 1_o 2_o 3._o swinb_n part_n 4._o sect._n 13._o and_o this_o be_v so_o far_o true_a that_o sometime_o word_n be_v extend_v beyond_o their_o natural_a intent_n tit_n intent_n see_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o tit_n and_o sometime_o for_o cause_n restrain_v 540._o restrain_v fulb._n 41._o plâ—w_n 540._o by_o reason_n of_o the_o conjecture_v will_n and_o meaning_n of_o the_o testator_n 30._o a._n devise_v land_n to_o b._n conditional_o that_o he_o pay_v so_o much_o money_n although_o by_o force_n of_o word_n b._n have_v a_o estate_n for_o life_n only_o yet_o the_o law_n adjudge_v he_o to_o have_v a_o fee-simple_n 555._o fee-simple_n brac._n test_n 18._o perk._n 555._o for_o otherwise_o if_o b._n shall_v die_v in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o may_v receive_v more_o prejudice_n than_o profit_n by_o the_o devise_n 31._o a._n devise_v all_o his_o land_n and_o tenement_n to_o b._n b._n shall_v not_o only_o have_v all_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n which_o a._n have_v in_o possession_n but_o the_o reversion_n likewise_o devise_n likewise_o term_n v._o devise_n 32._o if_o land_n be_v bequeath_v to_o one_o to_o have_v any_o to_o hold_v to_o he_o for_o ever_o or_o to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v for_o he_o and_o his_o assign_v for_o ever_o in_o both_o case_n the_o devisee_fw-mi have_v a_o estate_n in_o fee-simple_n
although_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o heir_n ib._n heir_n id._n ib._n which_o notwithstanding_o some_o affirm_v joint_o 557._o joint_o perk._n 557._o 33._o if_o a_o man_n bequeath_v land_n to_o another_o in_o these_o word_n i_o give_v my_o land_n to_o a._n to_o give_v they_o or_o sell_v or_o dispose_v of_o they_o at_o his_o discretion_n this_o be_v a_o fee-simple_n ib._n fee-simple_n term_n ib._n 34._o a_o testator_n bequeathe_v land_n to_o a._n and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n a._n have_v issue_n only_o a_o daughter_n and_o of_o her_o a_o grandson_n in_o this_o case_n the_o grandson_n shall_v succeed_v in_o the_o land_n by_o force_n of_o the_o devise_n rather_o than_o the_o devise_n shall_v remain_v ineffectual_a notwithstanding_o that_o in_o other_o donation_n it_o be_v otherwise_o ib._n otherwise_o id._n ib._n 35._o if_o i_o devil_n land_n to_o my_o son_n after_o the_o death_n of_o my_o wife_n although_o i_o do_v not_o express_o give_v it_o to_o my_o wife_n yet_o our_o law_n help_v she_o by_o a_o favourable_a construction_n 17._o construction_n id._n ib._n pl._n 414._o bro._n exec._n 175._o 13._o h._n 7._o fol._n 17._o 36._o i_o devise_v a_o fee-simple_n to_o a._n for_o a_o 100_o year_n upon_o this_o condition_n if_o that_o he_o shall_v pay_v ten_o pound_n yearly_o to_o b._n the_o remainder_n of_o the_o say_a land_n to_o c._n and_o his_o heir_n in_o this_o case_n although_o a._n shall_v break_v his_o condition_n yet_o the_o remainder_n as_o to_o c._n be_v not_o hurt_v although_o the_o law_n be_v contrary_a in_o contract_n make_v among_o those_o who_o be_v live_v 569._o live_v perk._n 504._o 565_o 566_o 567_o 568_o 569._o 37._o a_o man_n devise_v all_o his_o land_n to_o a._n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o give_v a_o 100_o pound_n and_o in_o case_n the_o condition_n be_v infringe_v then_o to_o his_o own_o family_n in_o this_o case_n our_o law_n determine_v this_o devise_n to_o belong_v to_o he_o who_o be_v next_o of_o kin_n to_o the_o testator_n by_o blood_n 46._o blood_n fulb._n 46._o 38._o a_o man_n devise_v to_o another_o all_o the_o grain_n which_o he_o have_v in_o such_o a_o barn_n and_o after_o the_o will_n be_v make_v he_o put_v more_o grain_n into_o the_o say_a barn_n in_o this_o case_n the_o generality_n of_o the_o word_n be_v restrain_v to_o that_o which_o be_v there_o at_o the_o time_n when_o he_o make_v his_o will_n for_o that_o the_o law_n presume_v the_o testator_n to_o have_v mean_v only_o of_o that_o 341._o that_o id._n fol._n 41._o blow_n 341._o 39_o a._n after_o many_o legacy_n in_o his_o will_n devise_v the_o remainder_n and_o residue_n of_o all_o his_o good_n to_o his_o wife_n e._n in_o these_o word_n the_o residue_n of_o all_o my_o good_n i_o bequeath_v unto_o my_o dear_a wife_n e._n who_o also_o i_o do_v ordain_v full_a and_o sole_a executrix_n of_o this_o my_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n to_o be_v dispose_v of_o by_o she_o for_o the_o good_a of_o my_o soul_n and_o the_o payment_n of_o my_o debt_n e._n take_v upon_o she_o the_o office_n of_o execution_n and_o pay_v all_o debt_n and_o legacy_n afterward_o she_o entermarry_v with_o b._n who_o get_v possession_n of_o the_o say_a good_n have_v make_v his_o will_n and_o ordain_v his_o executor_n die_v before_o e._n here_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o good_n which_o e._n bring_v to_o her_o second_o husband_n shall_v revert_v to_o she_o or_o whether_o they_o belong_v to_o the_o executor_n of_o b._n and_o it_o be_v determine_v that_o they_o shall_v revert_v to_o e._n because_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o good_n be_v destine_v to_o certain_a use_n and_o not_o leave_v to_o her_o dispose_n 21._o dispose_n dyer_n fol._n 331._o n._n 21._o 40._o a._n be_v possess_v to_o the_o value_n of_o 100_o pound_n and_o indebt_v 20._o pound_n divide_v his_o estate_n by_o his_o will_n one_o moiety_n to_o b._n his_o wife_n the_o other_o moiety_n to_o his_o executor_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o b._n shall_v have_v 50_o pound_n or_o 40_o pound_n and_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o may_v claim_v 50._o pound_n but_o if_o the_o executor_n have_v alien_v any_o of_o the_o good_n in_o specie_fw-la that_o then_o she_o can_v not_o challenge_v any_o of_o those_o which_o be_v alienate_v because_o they_o be_v alienate_v 57_o alienate_v dyer_n fol._n 164._o n._n 57_o 41._o devise_n and_o legacy_n be_v to_o be_v sue_v for_o in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n 7._o court_n glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 7._o yet_o some_o restrain_v this_o assertion_n only_o to_o chattel_n real_a and_o personal_a 570._o personal_a perk._n 570._o for_o that_o the_o ordinary_n can_v take_v cognisance_n of_o fee_n or_o freehold_a 579._o freehold_a id._n 576_o 577_o 578_o 579._o devise_v but_o a_o prohibition_n will_v lie_v if_o any_o judge_n of_o any_o spiritual_a court_n shall_v cyte_v one_o before_o he_o in_o case_n of_o such_o a_o devise_n as_o intrench_v upon_o the_o common_a law_n 55._o law_n dr._n &_o stu._n l._n 2._o c._n 55._o of_o the_o take_n away_o or_o translate_n devise_n tit._n xxi_o whereas_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la null_n the_o will_n for_o default_n of_o a_o heir_n codillorum_fw-la heir_n l._n 10._o â—_o de_fw-fr jure_fw-la codillorum_fw-la we_o do_v not_o present_o suffer_v devise_n to_o become_v void_a for_o want_v of_o a_o executor_n or_o for_o default_n of_o a_o executor_n undertake_v the_o office_n but_o appoint_v administration_n of_o the_o good_n to_o be_v commit_v to_o another_o according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o ordinary_a who_o oblige_v the_o administrator_n to_o the_o payment_n of_o legacy_n at_o least_o as_o far_o as_o the_o estate_n will_v reach_v executor_n reach_v bro._n executor_n 1._o land_n tenement_n and_o other_o hereditament_n whatsoever_o devise_v by_o a_o testator_n if_o they_o shall_v happen_v afterward_o to_o be_v alienate_v by_o he_o and_o be_v again_o redeem_v they_o be_v equal_o due_a to_o the_o legaree_n as_o if_o they_o have_v never_o be_v alienate_v 8._o alienate_v id._n devise_v 8._o of_o that_o law_n which_o the_o roman_n call_v lex_fw-la falcidia_fw-la tit._n xxii_o the_o first_o duty_n of_o a_o executor_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o office_n be_v to_o satisfy_v the_o debt_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o therefore_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o consider_v what_o antiquity_n have_v adjudge_v in_o these_o case_n if_o there_o be_v debt_n owe_v to_o many_o say_v bracton_n 57_o bracton_n l._n 2._o c._n 26._o glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 5._o flet._n l._n 2._o c._n 57_o one_o may_v be_v prefer_v before_o another_o the_o king_n be_v first_o and_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o sheriff_n or_o any_o of_o the_o king_n bailiff_n show_v the_o king_n letter_n patent_n de_fw-fr summonitionibus_fw-la scaccarij_fw-la to_o take_v a_o inventory_n of_o such_o good_n and_o chattel_n as_o they_o shall_v find_v in_o the_o lay-fee_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v and_o to_o attach_v they_o to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o debt_n which_o be_v come_v unto_o the_o k._n per_fw-la visum_fw-la legalium_fw-la hominum_fw-la as_o we_o call_v it_o so_o that_o nothing_o be_v remove_v or_o take_v thence_o until_o such_o a_o debt_n as_o shall_v appear_v due_a be_v pay_v and_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o chattel_n to_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o executor_n to_o the_o acquit_v of_o which_o debt_n or_o any_o other_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v be_v not_o to_o contribute_v any_o thing_n out_o of_o her_o jointure_n for_o that_o the_o wife_n jointure_n ought_v to_o be_v free_a a._n free_a f._n n._n b._n foe_n 151_o a._n which_o hold_v true_a except_o where_o the_o husband_n be_v indebt_v to_o the_o king_n before_o the_o title_n of_o jointure_n in_o the_o second_o place_n be_v to_o be_v deduct_v debt_n due_a to_o other_o such_o as_o be_v clear_a and_o acknowledge_v among_o which_o be_v to_o be_v reckon_v service_n and_o servant_n wage_n provide_v they_o be_v certain_a but_o if_o they_o be_v incertain_a although_o they_o depend_v upon_o courtesy_n yet_o if_o their_o stipend_n shall_v be_v set_v by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o testator_n or_o his_o friend_n they_o shall_v be_v deduct_v out_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o decease_a so_o shall_v funeral_n charges_n the_o wife_n also_o shall_v have_v her_o necessary_n even_o her_o lodging_n in_o her_o husband_n chief_a mansion_n house_n for_o 40._o day_n unless_o her_o dower_n be_v soon_o assign_v 1._o but_o that_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v may_v the_o better_o appear_v the_o executor_n or_o administrator_n with_o the_o privity_n and_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o two_o at_o the_o least_o of_o the_o creditor_n or_o legatee_n or_o if_o they_o refuse_v than_o two_o of_o the_o next_o of_o kinne_n provide_v they_o be_v unconcern_v of_o the_o decease_a or_o