foreign_a birth_n yet_o so_o far_o gain_v the_o general_a affection_n and_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o commoner_n of_o the_o realm_n who_o ask_v nothing_o but_o security_n in_o their_o estate_n and_o property_n that_o no_o commotion_n afterward_o raise_v by_o the_o noble_n and_o clergy_n against_o his_o government_n though_o in_o favour_n of_o a_o better_a right_n and_o title_n be_v ever_o support_v by_o the_o commons_o who_o compose_v the_o mass_n and_o bulk_n of_o a_o nation_n and_o who_o general_a good_a or_o ill_a humour_n satisfaction_n or_o discontent_n will_v ever_o have_v the_o most_o forcible_a influence_n for_o the_o preservation_n or_o ruin_n of_o any_o state_n beside_o the_o good_a and_o profitable_a institution_n and_o order_n of_o this_o king_n already_o mention_v so_o general_o approve_v and_o so_o grateful_a to_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o realm_n there_o be_v other_o of_o a_o different_a nature_n and_o which_o have_v a_o contrary_a effect_n by_o distaste_v and_o 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abbot_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n many_o of_o who_o be_v endow_v with_o so_o great_a land_n and_o revenue_n that_o in_o right_o thereof_o they_o be_v upon_o the_o regular_a constitution_n of_o parliament_n allow_v session_n with_o the_o bishop_n as_o baron_n in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n the_o whole_a clergy_n exclaim_v against_o this_o new_a institution_n not_o only_o as_o a_o indignity_n and_o injustice_n but_o as_o a_o impiety_n too_o and_o violation_n of_o the_o sacred_a right_n of_o the_o holy_a church_n but_o their_o complaint_n be_v without_o redress_n though_o not_o without_o ill_a consequence_n the_o discontent_n among_o many_o of_o the_o great_a noble_n arise_v chief_o from_o two_o occasion_n the_o first_o be_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o forest_n law_n and_o of_o their_o execution_n and_o the_o other_o be_v the_o king_n be_v too_o apparent_a partiality_n to_o his_o norman_n to_o know_v the_o ground_n or_o pretence_n of_o these_o forest_n law_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o run_v up_o to_o their_o original_a in_o the_o first_o seizure_n and_o distribution_n make_v of_o the_o british_a land_n by_o the_o conquer_a saxon_n beside_o those_o reserve_v to_o the_o king_n or_o divide_v among_o the_o people_n and_o hold_v by_o the_o tenor_n either_o of_o knight_n service_n or_o of_o book-land_n as_o it_o be_v term_v among_o the_o saxon_n and_o thereby_o distinguish_v from_o that_o of_o villeinage_n there_o be_v many_o great_a tract_n of_o barren_a wild_a or_o woody_a land_n leave_v undisposed_a and_o in_o a_o manner_n waste_v so_o great_a number_n of_o british_a inhabitant_n have_v be_v extinguish_v by_o the_o war_n or_o retire_v into_o wales_n cornwall_n britanny_n and_o scotland_n and_o the_o new_a saxon_n not_o content_a to_o share_v among_o they_o any_o land_n but_o such_o as_o be_v fruitful_a and_o fit_a to_o be_v cultivate_v these_o be_v enclose_v or_o improve_v as_o well_o as_o inhabit_v by_o the_o new_a proprietor_n and_o the_o other_o left_a waist_n as_o well_o as_o undisposed_a to_o any_o certain_a owner_n the_o whole_a country_n be_v as_o have_v be_v observe_v very_o full_a of_o all_o sort_n of_o wild_a game_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o britain_n who_o live_v at_o large_a without_o any_o enclosure_n little_a property_n and_o subsist_v much_o upon_o hunt_v fish_v and_o fowl_v which_o they_o have_v all_o in_o common_a upon_o the_o enclose_v or_o cultivate_v of_o the_o fruitful_a land_n by_o the_o saxon_n the_o wild_a beast_n natural_o afraid_a of_o neighbour_n who_o they_o find_v to_o be_v all_o enemy_n flee_v into_o the_o wild_a woody_a and_o desolate_a tract_n of_o land_n where_o they_o find_v shelter_n and_o feed_v though_o hardly_o yet_o out_o of_o common_a sight_n and_o noise_n and_o hereby_o all_o those_o part_n become_v replenish_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o game_n especial_o with_o red_a and_o fallow-deer_n and_o make_v all_o those_o several_a extent_n of_o ground_n which_o be_v afterward_o call_v forest_n the_o saxon_a king_n esteem_v these_o to_o belong_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o their_o right_n to_o all_o possession_n that_o have_v no_o certain_a owner_n and_o by_o their_o never_o have_v be_v dispose_v upon_o the_o first_o division_n of_o land_n in_o the_o saxon_a kingdom_n nor_o afterward_o by_o any_o grant_n of_o the_o crown_n this_o right_n be_v not_o dispute_v nor_o any_o use_n of_o it_o make_v further_o than_o for_o the_o king_n pleasure_n which_o yet_o be_v not_o by_o they_o restrain_v from_o the_o noble_n or_o knight_n that_o be_v borderer_n upon_o the_o forest_n who_o be_v so_o moderate_a in_o those_o more_o simple_a age_n as_o to_o commit_v no_o excess_n or_o destroy_v the_o game_n which_o it_o be_v their_o interest_n to_o preserve_v both_o for_o their_o sport_n and_o the_o quarry_n and_o for_o some_o use_n make_v of_o it_o for_o common_a pasturage_n among_o all_o the_o border_a neighbour_n william_n the_o conqueror_n not_o only_o seize_v upon_o all_o these_o forest_n as_o part_n of_o his_o own_o demesn_n but_o make_v a_o very_a large_a one_o in_o hampshire_n beside_o those_o he_o find_v by_o lay_v waist_n and_o leave_v uninhabited_a great_a extent_n of_o land_n which_o he_o pretend_v to_o be_v fall_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o ancient_a succession_n or_o by_o new_a forfeiture_n and_o this_o he_o call_v the_o new_a forest_n which_o name_v after_o so_o long_a a_o course_n of_o age_n it_o still_o retain_v in_o all_o these_o forest_n he_o pretend_v a_o absolute_a right_n and_o dominion_n and_o in_o pursuance_n thereof_o institute_v new_a and_o arbitrary_a law_n of_o his_o own_o unused_a and_o unknown_a before_o in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o very_o different_a from_o the_o moderation_n of_o the_o saxon_a government_n he_o confine_v all_o hunt_n or_o fowl_v in_o these_o forest_n to_o himself_o or_o such_o as_o shall_v have_v right_o to_o it_o by_o his_o concession_n or_o permission_n he_o impose_v fine_n upon_o all_o trespass_n commit_v in_o they_o according_a to_o his_o own_o pleasure_n and_o which_o seem_v much_o to_o exceed_v the_o fault_n or_o value_n of_o the_o thing_n these_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v levy_v with_o great_a rigour_n and_o exaction_n and_o thereby_o debar_v not_o only_o his_o commoner_n but_o his_o noble_n too_o from_o a_o liberty_n they_o have_v before_o always_o enjoy_v though_o he_o take_v care_n not_o to_o provoke_v the_o commoner_n by_o leave_v pasturage_n free_a for_o such_o of_o the_o neighbour_n who_o live_v most_o upon_o their_o stock_n and_o thereby_o take_v no_o greeat_a offence_n at_o the_o restraint_n from_o their_o sport_n which_o they_o have_v not_o time_n from_o their_o labour_n much_o to_o follow_v yet_o the_o noble_n and_o knight_n who_o value_v their_o sport_n more_o than_o common_a gain_n and_o make_v use_v of_o their_o riches_n but_o for_o increase_n of_o their_o pleasure_n resent_v this_o restraint_n as_o a_o sensible_a injury_n as_o a_o invasion_n
reign_n nor_o tempt_v to_o impose_v any_o tax_n upon_o his_o subject_n or_o other_o duty_n than_o what_o be_v common_a and_o know_v and_o pay_v without_o pressure_n or_o discontent_n among_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o realm_n so_o as_o after_o all_o these_o institution_n he_o pass_v several_a year_n in_o great_a tranquillity_n at_o home_n as_o well_o as_o honour_n from_o all_o his_o neighbour_n prince_n about_o the_o thirteen_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o go_v into_o normandy_n leave_v his_o brother_n odon_n bishop_n of_o bayeux_n and_o create_v earl_n of_o kent_n his_o vicegerent_n in_o england_n and_o little_o apprehend_v any_o storm_n after_o so_o long_a a_o fit_a of_o fair_a weather_n or_o that_o he_o have_v leave_v any_o ill_a blood_n behind_o he_o that_o be_v like_a to_o gather_v to_o a_o head_n with_o such_o a_o inflammation_n and_o so_o dangerous_a symptom_n as_o soon_o after_o appear_v but_o no_o condition_n of_o human_a life_n be_v ever_o perfect_o secure_a nor_o any_o force_n of_o greatness_n or_o of_o prudence_n beyond_o the_o reach_n of_o envy_n and_o the_o blow_v of_o fortune_n prince_n as_o well_o as_o private_a man_n be_v often_o in_o most_o danger_n at_o those_o time_n and_o in_o those_o part_n they_o think_v themselves_o the_o safe_a as_o strong_a tower_n be_v sometime_o take_v on_o those_o side_n that_o be_v think_v impregnable_a and_o so_o leave_v undefended_a or_o little_a regard_v this_o conquer_a king_n esteem_v himself_o now_o at_o ease_n for_o the_o remainder_n of_o his_o life_n and_o not_o only_o safe_a in_o his_o own_o strength_n but_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o his_o subject_n the_o english_a he_o have_v please_v in_o general_a by_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o ancient_a law_n the_o brave_a and_o warm_a blood_n of_o their_o noble_n be_v draw_v in_o the_o battle_n of_o hastings_n or_o the_o war_n with_o scotland_n their_o power_n be_v weaken_v by_o so_o many_o confiscation_n and_o the_o retreat_n of_o many_o more_o into_o scotland_n and_o ireland_n the_o norman_n be_v strong_a and_o numerous_a in_o england_n and_o be_v his_o own_o by_o birth_n and_o by_o interest_n the_o balance_n of_o these_o two_o party_n seem_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v imagine_v that_o both_o shall_v combine_v in_o any_o danger_n to_o the_o crown_n beside_o there_o be_v leave_v no_o pretention_n of_o any_o better_a right_n or_o title_n than_o his_o own_o since_o edgar_n have_v lay_v down_o his_o not_o only_o in_o show_n but_o with_o firm_a resolution_n never_o to_o resume_v they_o but_o many_o of_o the_o english_a nobles_n still_o hate_v the_o name_n of_o a_o conquest_n resent_v the_o change_n of_o form_n and_o language_n in_o their_o law_n the_o introduction_n of_o any_o new_a custom_n but_o especial_o the_o rigour_n of_o the_o forest_n law_n which_o they_o know_v to_o be_v arbitrary_a and_o esteem_v not_o only_o a_o restraint_n of_o their_o innocent_a liberty_n but_o a_o indignity_n in_o particular_a to_o themselves_o some_o of_o the_o chief_a norman_a lord_n who_o have_v obtain_v great_a possession_n by_o the_o king_n bounty_n and_o the_o confiscation_n of_o the_o english_a be_v now_o invest_v in_o their_o land_n and_o their_o title_n begin_v to_o grow_v fond_a of_o their_o law_n as_o the_o safe_a tenure_n and_o though_o they_o have_v gain_v their_o great_a estate_n by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o king_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o hold_v they_o at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o so_o join_v with_o the_o english_a noble_n in_o the_o complaint_n of_o too_o great_a power_n exercise_v by_o the_o king_n and_o the_o jealousy_n of_o great_a yet_o design_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o ancient_a constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o diminution_n of_o the_o authority_n or_o dependence_n of_o the_o noble_n some_o of_o both_o nation_n and_o equal_o ambitious_a spirit_n who_o have_v be_v most_o favour_v and_o advance_v by_o the_o king_n yet_o value_v their_o own_o merit_n too_o high_a or_o their_o reward_n too_o low_a think_v they_o have_v nothing_o because_o they_o have_v not_o all_o they_o pretend_v esteem_v the_o king_n favour_n or_o bounty_n to_o any_o other_o as_o injury_n to_o themselves_o and_o be_v as_o unsatisfied_a with_o what_o they_o have_v gain_v as_o other_o with_o what_o they_o have_v lose_v these_o disposition_n float_v at_o first_o in_o the_o mind_n of_o several_a great_a noble_n both_o english_a and_o norman_a and_o inflame_v by_o such_o of_o the_o ecclesiastic_n who_o have_v credit_n in_o the_o great_a family_n of_o both_o nation_n grow_v at_o length_n to_o downright_a conspiracy_n of_o dispossess_v the_o king_n of_o his_o crown_n and_o introduce_v the_o dane_n who_o be_v ally_v to_o many_o great_a lord_n in_o england_n and_o be_v esteem_v by_o the_o norman_n of_o the_o same_o race_n with_o their_o ancestor_n the_o chief_a of_o this_o conspiracy_n be_v the_o earl_n of_o norfolk_n and_o suffolk_n of_o great_a power_n among_o the_o english_a nobility_n fitz-aub_a a_o norman_a of_o near_a kindred_n to_o the_o king_n and_o who_o have_v assist_v he_o with_o forty_o ship_n upon_o his_o english_a expedition_n and_o be_v recompense_v with_o mighty_a possession_n in_o england_n and_o create_v earl_n of_o hereford_n the_o earl_n waltheof_n who_o have_v be_v pardon_v his_o revolt_n upon_o the_o scotch_a invasion_n marry_v to_o the_o king_n niece_n and_o ever_o since_o intimate_o trust_v as_o well_o as_o favour_v by_o the_o king_n these_o enter_v secret_o into_o intelligence_n with_o swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n and_o with_o harold_n son_n who_o be_v still_o refuge_v in_o ireland_n the_o first_o engage_v to_o invade_v the_o northern_a part_n with_o a_o navy_n of_o three_o hundred_o sail_n the_o last_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o drone_n king_n of_o ireland_n to_o attempt_v the_o western_a coast_n with_o sixty_o ship_n and_o the_o discontent_a lord_n to_o make_v a_o strong_a insurrection_n in_o some_o of_o the_o northern_a province_n upon_o approach_n of_o the_o danish_a fleet_n which_o be_v concert_v to_o be_v soon_o after_o the_o king_n intend_a journey_n into_o normandy_n these_o measure_n be_v lay_v with_o such_o caution_n and_o pursue_v with_o such_o secrecy_n that_o all_o be_v ready_a to_o be_v execute_v before_o the_o king_n in_o normandy_n or_o his_o minister_n in_o england_n have_v either_o notice_n or_o suspicion_n of_o any_o such_o danger_n or_o design_n fitz-aub_a have_v ask_v the_o king_n leave_v some_o month_n before_o his_o norman_a journey_n to_o marry_v his_o sister_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o norfolk_n and_o pretend_v some_o small_a discontent_n at_o his_o refusal_n not_o long_o after_o his_o departure_n he_o declare_v the_o marriage_n and_o the_o day_n appoint_v to_o consummate_v it_o in_o norfolk_n with_o great_a solemnity_n and_o the_o recourse_n of_o the_o near_a relation_n and_o most_o intimate_a friend_n on_o both_o side_n among_o who_o be_v the_o earl_n waltheof_n and_o eustace_n earl_n of_o bologne_n who_o come_v over_o on_o purpose_n to_o assist_v at_o the_o consultation_n here_o design_v at_o this_o meeting_n all_o be_v agree_v in_o what_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n under_o what_o leader_n the_o several_a insurrection_n shall_v be_v make_v upon_o what_o pretence_n and_o the_o time_n appoint_v to_o be_v when_o the_o danish_a fleet_n shall_v appear_v upon_o the_o coast._n but_o some_o delay_n intervening_a which_o be_v fatal_a to_o all_o conspiracy_n that_o be_v trust_v into_o many_o hand_n this_o be_v discover_v some_o day_n before_o the_o dane_n arrive_v but_o by_o who_o of_o the_o accomplice_n be_v leave_v uncertain_a though_o some_o write_v that_o it_o be_v by_o earl_n waltheof_n upon_o the_o conscience_n of_o so_o great_a a_o ingratitude_n to_o the_o king_n after_o the_o full_a and_o particular_a discovery_n of_o the_o whole_a plot_n and_o all_o the_o chief_a conspirator_n odon_n the_o vicegerent_n with_o the_o assistance_n and_o advice_n of_o the_o king_n council_n immediate_o dispatch_v away_o several_a party_n of_o the_o king_n be_v best_a troop_n into_o the_o several_a part_n where_o the_o insurrection_n be_v intend_v to_o begin_v seize_v upon_o many_o of_o the_o conspirator_n before_o other_o have_v notice_n of_o the_o discovery_n break_v the_o rest_n before_o they_o can_v draw_v to_o a_o head_n take_v earl_n waltheof_n and_o fitz-aub_a prisoner_n who_o be_v behead_v upon_o this_o occasion_n and_o many_o other_o imprison_v whether_o this_o execution_n be_v by_o the_o king_n command_n out_o of_o normandy_n or_o by_o the_o rigour_n of_o his_o brother_n odon_n and_o upon_o pretence_n of_o necessity_n in_o so_o dangerous_a a_o conjuncture_n be_v not_o record_v but_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o these_o two_o be_v the_o only_a noble_n that_o be_v execute_v in_o england_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n notwithstanding_o so_o many_o revolt_v
between_o the_o accuser_n and_o accuse_v and_o be_v usual_a in_o action_n both_o real_a and_o criminal_a where_o no_o evident_a proof_n of_o fact_n appear_v from_o witness_n or_o other_o circumstance_n the_o victor_n be_v acquit_v and_o the_o vanquish_a if_o not_o kill_v upon_o the_o field_n be_v condemn_v these_o be_v perform_v with_o great_a solemnity_n and_o either_o in_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n who_o grant_v the_o combat_n or_o of_o certain_a judge_n by_o he_o appoint_v for_o that_o particular_a case_n both_o these_o sort_n of_o trial_n this_o king_n abolish_v as_o unchristian_a and_o unjust_a and_o reduce_v all_o cause_n to_o the_o judgement_n of_o equal_n or_o of_o a_o jury_n of_o twelve_o neighbour_n and_o by_o legal_a form_n yet_o the_o last_o be_v some_o few_o time_n use_v in_o succeed_a reign_n in_o the_o beginning_n of_o his_o reign_n the_o kingdom_n have_v be_v much_o infest_a by_o outlaw_n and_o by_o robber_n and_o many_o norman_n be_v secret_o murder_v by_o the_o 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