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cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n who_o now_o rule_v in_o south_n wales_n with_o joint_a force_n enter_v into_o cardigan_n and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o norman_n who_o pride_n and_o excessive_a cruelty_n towards_o the_o welsh_a be_v altogether_o intolerable_a but_o after_o sufficient_a execution_n there_o be_v return_v home_o the_o norman_n send_v for_o more_o aid_n from_o england_n which_o be_v arrive_v they_o think_v to_o make_v a_o private_a inroad_n into_o north-wales_n and_o so_o to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o the_o welsh_a but_o their_o design_n be_v happy_o discover_v to_o cadogan_n he_o draw_v up_o his_o force_n to_o meet_v they_o and_o then_o unexpected_o set_v upon_o they_o in_o the_o forest_n of_o yspys_n after_o a_o very_a warm_a resistment_n of_o the_o norman_n side_n force_v they_o to_o retire_v by_o slight_a and_o then_o triumphant_o march_v through_o cardigan_n and_o dyve_v he_o destroy_v all_o the_o castle_n and_o fortification_n in_o the_o country_n beside_o 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build_v they_o return_v with_o what_o speed_n they_o
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regulate_v his_o troop_n and_o put_v all_o matter_n in_o convenient_a order_n he_o march_v to_o shrewsbury_n where_o he_o remain_v fifteen_o day_n to_o refresh_v his_o army_n during_o his_o stay_n there_o several_a of_o the_o nobility_n become_v suitor_n unto_o he_o on_o behalf_n of_o gruffydh_n who_o condition_n they_o desire_v he_o will_v commiserate_v among_o who_o be_v ralph_n lord_n mortimer_n of_o wigmore_n walter_n clifford_n roger_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi steward_n of_o chester_n maelgon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi maelgon_fw-mi meredith_n ap_fw-mi rotpert_n lord_n of_o cydewen_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madawc_n of_o bromfield_n howel_n and_o meredith_n the_o son_n of_o conan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwynedh_fw-mi and_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n lord_n of_o powy_n these_o nobleman_n prevail_v so_o far_o with_o king_n henry_n that_o a_o league_n be_v conclude_v between_o he_o and_o senena_n the_o wife_n of_o gruffydh_n appendix_n see_v appendix_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o these_o article_n the_o aforesaid_a
and_o have_v a_o great_a number_n of_o their_o man_n slay_v after_o this_o nothing_o remarkable_a fall_v out_o for_o a_o considerable_a time_n unless_o it_o be_v that_o david_n be_v release_v out_o of_o prison_n by_o prince_n lhewelyn_n his_o brother_n most_o ungrateful_o forsake_v he_o and_o with_o all_o his_o might_n side_v with_o his_o enemy_n the_o english_a also_o gruffydh_n ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n have_v take_v the_o castle_n of_o mold_n demolish_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n during_o this_o quiet_a and_o unactive_a interval_n in_o wales_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n the_o main_a support_n and_o defender_n of_o south-wales_n die_v to_o the_o great_a disadvantage_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o that_o country_n and_o now_o indeed_o the_o welsh_a be_v like_a to_o be_v a.d._n 1268_o make_v sensible_a of_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o considerable_a a_o person_n for_o king_n henry_n be_v resolve_v once_o more_o to_o lead_v a_o army_n into_o wales_n and_o to_o see_v if_o he_o can_v have_v better_a success_n than_o he_o have_v hitherto_o against_o the_o welsh_a but_o when_o he_o be_v prepare_v to_o undertake_v this_o expedition_n ottobonus_n pope_n clement_n legate_n in_o england_n interpose_v and_o mediate_v a_o peace_n which_o be_v conclude_v upon_o at_o the_o castle_n of_o montgomery_n wherein_o it_o be_v article_v that_o prince_n lhewelyn_n shall_v give_v the_o king_n 30000_o mark_n and_o the_o king_n be_v to_o grant_v the_o prince_n a_o charter_n from_o thenceforth_o to_o receive_v homage_n and_o fealty_n of_o all_o the_o nobility_n and_o baron_n of_o wales_n beside_o one_o so_o that_o they_o can_v hold_v their_o land_n of_o no_o other_o but_o himself_o and_o from_o thence_o forward_o he_o be_v to_o be_v lawful_o style_v prince_n of_o wales_n this_o charter_n be_v ratify_v and_o confirm_v as_o well_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o pope_n as_o the_o king_n seal_n prince_n lhewelyn_n desist_v from_o any_o far_a act_n of_o hostility_n and_o punctual_o observe_v all_o the_o article_n of_o agreement_n betwixt_o he_o and_o king_n henry_n so_o that_o nothing_o more_o be_v outrageous_o transact_v between_o the_o english_a and_o welsh_a during_o the_o remainder_n of_o this_o king_n reign_n within_o that_o space_n die_v grono_n ap_fw-mi ednyfe_v fychan_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a lord_n of_o the_o prince_n council_n and_o short_o after_o he_o gruffydh_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n who_o lie_v bury_v at_o vale-crucis_a a.d._n 1272_o but_o the_o death_n of_o king_n henry_n put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o peace_n betwixt_o the_o english_a and_o welch_n who_o die_v on_o the_o 16_o day_n of_o november_n this_o year_n leave_v this_o kingdom_n to_o his_o son_n edward_n prince_n edward_n be_v then_o in_o the_o holy-land_n and_o very_o active_a against_o those_o enemy_n of_o christianity_n the_o turk_n where_o he_o have_v already_o continue_v above_o a_o year_n but_o understand_v of_o his_o father_n death_n and_o that_o in_o his_o absence_n he_o be_v proclaim_v king_n of_o england_n he_o make_v all_o haste_n to_o return_v to_o receive_v the_o solemnity_n of_o coronation_n but_o what_o by_o the_o tediousness_n of_o the_o journey_n and_o what_o by_o be_v honourable_o detain_v at_o prince_n court_n in_o his_o way_n it_o be_v two_o year_n before_o he_o can_v get_v into_o england_n then_o upon_o the_o 15_o of_o august_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1274._o he_o be_v crown_v at_o westminster_n prince_n lhewelyn_n be_v summon_v to_o attend_v at_o his_o coronation_n but_o he_o flat_o refuse_v to_o appear_v unless_o upon_o sure_a term_n of_o safe_a conduct_n for_o have_v offend_v several_a of_o the_o english_a nobility_n he_o can_v not_o in_o safety_n pass_v through_o their_o country_n without_o the_o danger_n of_o expose_v his_o person_n to_o the_o inveterate_a malice_n and_o acceptable_a revenge_n of_o some_o of_o they_o and_o therefore_o without_o the_o king_n brother_n the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o robert_n burnell_n lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n be_v deliver_v up_o as_o pledge_n for_o his_o safe_a conduct_n he_o will_v not_o come_v up_o to_o do_v his_o homage_n and_o fealty_n at_o his_o coronation_n according_a to_o the_o writ_n direct_v to_o he_o and_o indeed_o see_v king_n edward_n have_v break_v the_o peace_n late_o conclude_v upon_o before_o the_o pope_n legate_n and_o do_v receive_v and_o honourable_o entertain_v such_o nobleman_n of_o wales_n as_o for_o their_o disloyalty_n be_v banish_v by_o prince_n lhewelyn_n by_o who_o he_o fear_v some_o treachery_n there_o be_v no_o reason_n that_o the_o prince_n shall_v pay_v he_o any_o subjection_n but_o by_o the_o breach_n of_o peace_n be_v exempt_v from_o all_o homage_n however_o prince_n lhewelyn_n to_o show_v that_o it_o be_v not_o out_o of_o any_o stubborness_n or_o disrespect_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n that_o he_o refuse_v to_o come_v send_v up_o his_o reason_n by_o the_o abbot_n of_o ystratflur_n and_o conwey_n to_o robert_n kilwarby_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n then_o sit_v â—n_a convocation_n in_o the_o new-temple_n at_o london_n which_o be_v to_o this_o effect_n to_o the_o most_o reverend_a father_n in_o god_n robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o metropolitan_a of_o all_o england_n the_o archbishop_z of_o york_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n in_o convocation_n lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o lord_n of_o snowden_n send_v greeting_n we_o will_v have_v your_o lordship_n to_o understand_v that_o whereas_o former_o most_o terrible_a and_o incessant_a war_n be_v continual_o manage_v betwixt_o henry_n king_n of_o england_n and_o ourselves_o the_o same_o be_v at_o last_o compose_v and_o all_o matter_n of_o difference_n be_v adjust_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o his_o excellency_n cardinal_n ottobonus_n the_o pope_n legate_n who_o have_v draw_v the_o article_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o peace_n agree_v upon_o they_o be_v sign_v and_o swear_v to_o not_o only_o by_o the_o kâ—ng_n but_o also_o the_o prince_n his_o son_n now_o king_n of_o england_n among_o these_o article_n be_v comprehend_v that_o we_o and_o our_o successor_n shall_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n the_o principality_n of_o wales_n so_o that_o all_o the_o welsh_a lord_n one_o baron_n except_v shall_v hold_v their_o barony_n and_o estate_n in_o capite_fw-la of_o we_o and_o shall_v pay_v their_o homage_n and_o fealty_n for_o the_o same_o to_o we_o we_o in_o like_a manner_n do_v homage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o his_o successor_n and_o beside_o that_o the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n shall_v never_o offer_v to_o receive_v and_o entertain_v any_o of_o our_o enemy_n nor_o any_o such_o of_o our_o own_o subject_n as_o be_v lawful_o banish_v and_o exclude_v our_o dominion_n of_o wales_n nor_o by_o any_o mean_n defend_v and_o uphold_v such_o against_o we_o contrary_n to_o which_o article_n king_n edward_n have_v forcible_o seize_v upon_o the_o estate_n of_o certain_a baron_n of_o wales_n of_o which_o they_o and_o their_o ancestor_n have_v be_v immemorable_o possess_v of_o and_o detain_v a_o barony_n which_o by_o the_o form_n of_o peace_n shall_v have_v be_v deliver_v to_o we_o and_o moreover_o have_v hitherto_o entertain_v david_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi our_o brother_n and_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n with_o several_a other_o of_o our_o enemy_n who_o be_v outlaw_n and_o fugitive_n of_o our_o country_n and_o though_o we_o have_v often_o exhibit_v our_o grievance_n and_o complaint_n against_o they_o for_o destroy_v and_o pillage_n our_o country_n yet_o we_o can_v never_o obtain_v of_o the_o king_n any_o relief_n or_o redress_n for_o the_o several_a wrong_n and_o injury_n we_o receive_v at_o their_o hand_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_n they_o still_o persist_v to_o commit_v waste_n and_o other_o outrage_n in_o our_o dominion_n and_o for_o all_o this_o he_o summons_v we_o to_o do_v he_o homage_n at_o a_o place_n which_o be_v altogether_o dangerous_a to_o our_o person_n where_o our_o inveterate_a enemy_n and_o which_o be_v worse_o our_o own_o unnatural_a subject_n bear_v the_o great_a sway_n and_o respect_n with_o the_o the_o king_n and_o though_o we_o have_v allege_v several_a reason_n to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n why_o the_o place_n by_o he_o assign_v be_v nâ—t_o safe_a and_o indifferent_a for_o we_o to_o come_v and_o desire_v he_o to_o appoint_v another_o whereto_o we_o may_v with_o more_o safety_n resort_n or_o else_o that_o he_o will_v send_v commissioner_n to_o receive_v our_o oath_n and_o homage_n till_o he_o can_v more_o opportune_o receive_v they_o in_o person_n yet_o he_o will_v not_o assent_v to_o our_o just_a and_o reasonable_a request_n nor_o be_v satisfy_v with_o the_o reason_n we_o exhibit_v for_o our_o non-appearance_n therefore_o we_o desire_v your_o lordship_n earnest_o to_o weigh_v the_o dismal_a effect_n that_o will_v happen_v to_o the_o subject_n
both_o of_o england_n and_o wales_n upon_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o article_n of_o peace_n and_o that_o you_o will_v be_v please_v to_o inform_v the_o king_n of_o the_o sad_a consequence_n of_o another_o war_n which_o can_v no_o way_n be_v prevent_v but_o by_o use_v we_o according_a to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o former_a peace_n which_o for_o our_o part_n we_o will_v in_o no_o measure_n transgress_v but_o if_o the_o king_n will_v not_o hearken_v to_o your_o counsel_n we_o hope_v that_o you_o will_v hâ—ld_v we_o excuse_v if_o the_o nation_n be_v disquiet_v and_o trouble_v thereupon_o which_o as_o much_o as_o in_o we_o lie_v we_o endeavour_v to_o prevent_v king_n edward_n will_v admit_v of_o no_o excuse_n noâ—_n harken_v to_o any_o manner_n of_o reason_n in_o the_o case_n but_o be_v unmerciful_o enrage_v and_o conceive_v a_o unpardonable_a displeasure_n against_o prince_n lhewelyn_n which_o yet_o he_o think_v convenient_a to_o conceal_v and_o dissemble_v for_o a_o time_n indeed_o he_o can_v never_o abide_v lhewelyn_n â—â—nce_v the_o time_n that_o he_o be_v vanquish_v and_o put_v to_o â—ight_n by_o he_o at_o the_o march_n so_o that_o the_o chief_a cause_n â—f_a king_n edward_n anger_n original_o proceed_v from_o 〈◊〉_d point_n of_o honour_n which_o this_o refusal_n of_o homage_n â—â—rved_v sufficient_o to_o increase_v but_o to_o prosecute_v his_o revenge_n which_o upon_o this_o score_n be_v in_o prince_n very_o â—erce_a and_o unforgetful_a in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o come_v to_o â—hester_n mean_v to_o recover_v by_o force_n what_o he_o can_v â—ot_n obtain_v by_o fair_a mean_n from_o hence_o he_o send_v to_o â—â—e_z prince_n of_o wales_n require_v he_o to_o come_v over_o and_o 〈◊〉_d he_o homage_n which_o lhewelyn_n either_o absolute_o reâ—â—sing_v or_o willing_o detract_n to_o do_v king_n edwardâ—ade_v â—ade_z ready_a his_o army_n to_o force_v he_o to_o it_o but_o there_o a.d._n 1277_o â—â—ppened_v a_o accident_n which_o take_v off_o a_o great_a part_n of_o â—rince_n lhewelyn_n stubborness_n for_o at_o this_o time_n the_o countess_n of_o leicester_n the_o widow_n of_o simon_n montfortâ—ho_n â—ho_z live_v at_o montargis_n a_o nunnery_n in_o france_n send_v over_o 〈◊〉_d wales_n her_o daughter_n the_o lady_n eleanor_n who_o â—hewelyn_n extreme_o love_v with_o her_o brother_n aemeâ—ke_v to_o be_v marry_v to_o the_o prince_n according_a to_o the_o agreement_n make_v in_o her_o father_n earl_n montfort_n time_n â—ut_fw-la aemerike_n fear_v to_o touch_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o â—ngland_n steer_v his_o course_n towards_o the_o island_n of_o scilly_a where_o by_o the_o way_n they_o be_v all_o take_v by_o four_o bristol_n ship_n and_o bring_v to_o king_n edward_n who_o receive_v the_o lady_n very_o honourable_o but_o commit_v her_o â—â—other_n prisoner_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o coff_n whence_o he_o be_v afterwards_o remove_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o shirburne_n the_o â—ing_n have_v obtain_v this_o unexpected_a advantage_n over_o â—hewelyn_n begin_v bold_o to_o fall_v upon_o he_o and_o so_o divide_v his_o army_n into_o two_o battalion_n lead_v one_o himself_o â—â—to_o north-wales_n and_o advance_v as_o far_o as_o ruthlan_n where_o he_o strong_o fortify_v the_o castle_n the_o other_o he_o ommit_v to_o paganus_fw-la de_fw-la camurtiis_fw-la a_o great_a soldier_n â—ho_n enter_v into_o west-wales_n burn_v and_o destroy_v 〈◊〉_d great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n but_o the_o people_n of_o south-wales_n fear_v that_o his_o next_o expedition_n be_v level_v â—gainst_a they_o voluntary_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o â—ing_n and_o do_v he_o homage_n and_o then_o deliver_v â—_z castle_n of_o ystratywy_a to_o paganus_fw-la prince_n lhewelyn_n hear_v of_o this_o and_o find_v his_o own_o subject_n to_o forsake_v he_o but_o more_o especial_o be_v desirous_a to_o recover_v his_o espouse_v the_o lady_n eleanor_n think_v it_o likewise_o advisable_v to_o submit_v and_o therefore_o sue_v to_o king_n edward_n for_o a_o peace_n who_o grant_v it_o but_o upon_o very_o severe_a condition_n upon_o lhewelyns_n side_n the_o agreement_n consist_v of_o ten_o article_n which_o be_v 1._o that_o the_o prince_n shall_v set_v at_o liberty_n all_o manner_n of_o prisoner_n that_o upon_o the_o king_n account_n be_v detain_v in_o custody_n 2._o that_o for_o the_o king_n favour_n and_o good_a will_n he_o shall_v pay_v 50000_o mark_n to_o be_v receive_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n 3._o that_o these_o four_o cantred_n or_o hundred_o viz._n cantref_n ros_n where_o the_o king_n castle_n of_o teganwy_n stand_v ryfonioc_n where_o denbigh_n tegengl_n where_o ruthlan_n dyffryn_n clwyd_n where_o rhuthyn_n stand_v shall_v remain_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n 4._o that_o the_o lord_n marcher_n shall_v quiet_o enjoy_v all_o the_o land_n they_o have_v conquer_v within_o wales_n except_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n which_o be_v whole_o grant_v to_o the_o prince_n 5._o that_o in_o consideration_n of_o this_o island_n the_o prince_n shall_v pay_v 5000_o mark_n in_o hand_n with_o the_o reserve_n of_o a_o 1000_o mark_n yearly_a to_o begin_v at_o michaelmas_n and_o in_o case_n the_o prince_n die_v without_o issue_n the_o whole_a island_n shall_v return_v to_o the_o king_n 6._o that_o the_o prince_n shall_v come_v every_o year_n to_o england_n to_o pay_v his_o homage_n to_o the_o king_n for_o all_o his_o land_n 7._o that_o all_o the_o baron_n of_o wales_n except_v five_o in_o snowden_n shall_v hold_v their_o land_n and_o estate_n of_o the_o king_n and_o no_o other_o 8._o that_o the_o title_n of_o prince_n shall_v remain_v only_o for_o his_o life_n and_o not_o descend_v to_o his_o successor_n and_o after_o his_o death_n the_o five_o lord_n of_o snowden_n shall_v hold_v their_o land_n only_o from_o the_o king_n 9_o that_o for_o the_o performance_n of_o these_o article_n the_o prince_n shall_v deliver_v up_o for_o hostage_n ten_o person_n of_o the_o best_a quality_n in_o the_o country_n without_o imprison_v disinherit_n and_o any_o time_n of_o redemption_n determine_v and_o far_o that_o the_o king_n shall_v choose_v twenty_o person_n within_o north-wales_n who_o beside_o the_o prince_n shall_v take_v their_o oath_n for_o the_o due_a performance_n of_o these_o article_n and_o in_o case_n the_o prince_n shall_v swerve_v and_o recede_v from_o they_o and_o upon_o admonition_n â—hereof_o not_o repent_v they_o shall_v forsake_v he_o and_o become_v his_o enemy_n 10._o the_o prince_n be_v oblige_v to_o â—uffer_v his_o brethren_n quiet_o to_o enjoy_v their_o land_n in_o wales_n whereof_o david_n for_o his_o service_n be_v dub_v knight_n by_o the_o king_n and_o have_v the_o earl_n of_o derby_n widow_n give_v he_o in_o matrimony_n and_o with_o she_o as_o 〈◊〉_d portion_n the_o castle_n of_o denbigh_n in_o north-wales_n beâ—ides_v a_o 1000_o pound_n in_o land_n his_o other_o brother_n roderic_n be_v late_o escape_v out_o of_o prison_n into_o england_n â—nd_v the_o young_a call_v owen_n be_v upon_o his_o composition_n deliver_v out_o of_o prison_n king_n edward_n have_v impose_v these_o severe_a and_o unmerciful_a condition_n upon_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o for_o a_o better_a security_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o they_o build_v a_o castle_n at_o aberystwyth_n return_v very_o honourable_o into_o england_n upon_o who_o arrival_n the_o people_n willing_o grant_v he_o a_o subsidy_n of_o the_o twenty_o part_n of_o their_o estate_n towards_o his_o charge_n in_o this_o war._n but_o it_o seem_v very_o probable_a that_o prince_n lhewelyn_n submit_v to_o these_o intolerable_a condition_n more_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o his_o amour_n and_o to_o regain_v the_o lady_n eleanora_n out_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n hand_n than_o that_o he_o be_v apprehensive_a of_o any_o considerable_a danger_n he_o may_v receive_v by_o the_o english_a troop_n for_o it_o be_v hardly_o conceivable_a that_o a_o prince_n of_o such_o notorious_a conduct_n and_o valour_n will_v so_o easy_o accept_v of_o such_o hard_a term_n and_o in_o a_o measure_n deliver_v up_o his_o principality_n when_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n so_o to_o do_v without_o resist_v a_o enemy_n who_o he_o have_v frequent_o overcome_v and_o force_v to_o retire_v back_o with_o great_a inequality_n than_o the_o english_a have_v at_o present_a over_o he_o but_o the_o force_n of_o â—ove_n work_v wonder_n and_o in_o this_o case_n prove_v moâ—t_n irresistible_a which_o to_o obtain_v lhewelyn_n do_v not_o think_v hard_a to_o forfeit_v his_o proper_a right_n to_o his_o inveterate_a enemy_n and_o for_o ever_o to_o exclude_v his_o posterity_n from_o succeed_v in_o their_o lawful_a inheritance_n the_o next_o year_n a.d._n 1273_o therefore_o he_o have_v his_o wish_n accomplish_v and_o be_v marry_v to_o eleanora_n at_o worcester_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n with_o all_o the_o nobility_n and_o person_n of_o quality_n in_o england_n honour_v the_o wedding_n with_o their_o presence_n but_o this_o specious_a amity_n and_o the_o peace_n laâ—â—_n conclude_v betwixt_o they_o
with_o great_a fury_n and_o courage_n face_v they_o and_o join_v battle_n force_v they_o back_o with_o a_o very_a considerable_a loss_n polydore_v virgil_n say_v but_o upon_o what_o authority_n be_v not_o know_v that_o the_o welsh_a obtain_v this_o victory_n rather_o upon_o the_o account_n that_o the_o english_a army_n be_v hire_v with_o such_o money_n as_o have_v be_v wrongful_o take_v out_o of_o the_o abbey_n and_o other_o religious_a place_n so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o judgement_n from_o above_o more_o than_o the_o force_n of_o the_o welsh_a that_o overcome_v the_o english_a army_n but_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o what_o it_o will_v it_o be_v certain_a the_o english_a be_v vanquish_v upon_o which_o account_n king_n edward_n come_v in_o person_n to_o wales_n and_o keep_v his_o christmas_n at_o aberconwey_n where_o robert_n winchelsey_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n be_v return_v from_o rome_n come_v to_o he_o and_o have_v do_v homage_n return_v honourable_o again_o to_o england_n but_o as_o the_o king_n advance_v far_o into_o the_o country_n have_v but_o one_o part_n of_o his_o army_n with_o he_o the_o welsh_a set_v upon_o and_o take_v most_o of_o his_o carriage_n which_o contain_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o victual_n and_o provision_n so_o that_o the_o king_n with_o all_o his_o follower_n be_v constrain_v to_o endure_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o hardship_n in_o so_o much_o that_o at_o last_o water_n mix_v with_o honey_n and_o very_a course_n and_o ordinary_a bread_n with_o the_o salt_a meat_n be_v account_v the_o great_a delicacy_n for_o his_o majesty_n be_v own_o table_n but_o their_o misery_n be_v like_a to_o be_v great_a have_v not_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o army_n come_v in_o time_n because_o the_o welsh_a have_v encompass_v the_o king_n round_o in_o hope_n to_o reduce_v he_o to_o the_o utmost_a distress_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o water_n be_v so_o rise_v that_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n can_v not_o get_v to_o he_o but_o the_o water_n within_o some_o time_n after_o abate_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o army_n come_v in_o whereupon_o the_o welsh_a present_o retire_v and_o make_v their_o escape_n one_o thing_n be_v very_o remarkable_a of_o king_n edward_n during_o his_o distress_n at_o snowden_n that_o when_o the_o army_n be_v reduce_v to_o very_o great_a extremity_n a_o small_a quantity_n of_o wine_n be_v find_v which_o they_o think_v to_o reserve_v for_o the_o king_n be_v own_o use_n but_o he_o to_o prevent_v any_o discontent_n which_o may_v thereupon_o be_v raise_v in_o his_o soldier_n absolute_o refuse_v to_o taste_v thereof_o tell_v they_o that_o in_o time_n of_o necessity_n all_o thing_n shall_v be_v common_a and_o as_o he_o be_v the_o cause_n and_o author_n of_o thâ—ir_a distress_n he_o will_v not_o be_v prefer_v before_o they_o in_o his_o diet._n but_o whilst_o the_o king_n remain_v in_o snowden_n the_o earl_n of_o warwick_n be_v inform_v that_o a_o great_a number_n of_o welch_n be_v assemble_v and_o have_v lodge_v themselves_o â—n_o a_o certain_a valley_n betwixt_o two_o wood_n choose_v out_o a_o troop_n of_o horse_n together_o with_o some_o crossbow_n and_o archer_n and_o set_v upon_o they_o in_o the_o night_n time_n the_o welsh_a be_v thus_o surprise_v and_o unexpected_o encompass_v about_o by_o their_o enemy_n make_v the_o best_a they_o can_v to_o oppose_v they_o and_o so_o pitch_v their_o spear_n in_o the_o ground_n and_o direct_v the_o point_n towards_o their_o enemy_n endeavour_v by_o such_o mean_n to_o keep_v off_o the_o horse_n but_o the_o earl_n of_o warwick_n have_v order_v his_o battle_n so_o as_o that_o between_o every_o two_o horse_n there_o stand_v a_o cross-bow_n so_o gaul_v the_o welsh_a with_o the_o shot_n of_o the_o quarrel_n that_o the_o spear-man_n fall_v apace_o and_o then_o the_o horse_n break_v easy_o in_o upon_o the_o rest_n bear_v they_o down_o with_o so_o great_a a_o slaughter_n as_o the_o welsh_a have_v never_o receive_v before_o after_o this_o king_n edward_z to_o prevent_v any_o more_o rebellious_a attempt_n of_o the_o welsh_a cut_v down_o all_o the_o wood_n in_o wales_n wherein_o in_o any_o time_n of_o danger_n they_o be_v wont_a to_o hide_v and_o save_v themselves_o and_o for_o a_o far_a security_n he_o repair_v and_o fortify_v all_o the_o castle_n and_o place_n of_o strength_n in_o wales_n and_o build_v the_o castle_n of_o bewmoris_fw-la in_o the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n and_o so_o have_v put_v all_o thing_n in_o a_o settle_a posture_n and_o punish_v those_o that_o have_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o death_n of_o roger_n de_fw-fr pulesdon_n he_o return_v with_o his_o army_n into_o england_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o king_n have_v leave_v the_o welsh_a madoc_n who_o as_o it_o be_v say_v before_o be_v choose_v captain_n by_o the_o north-wales_n man_n gather_v some_o force_n together_o and_o come_v to_o oswestry_n which_o present_o yield_v to_o he_o and_o then_o meet_v with_o the_o lord_n strange_a near_o knookine_n who_o with_o a_o detachment_n of_o the_o marcher_n come_v to_o oppose_v he_o give_v he_o battle_n vanquish_v his_o force_n and_o miserable_o ravage_v his_o country_n the_o like_a success_n he_o obtain_v a_o second_o time_n against_o the_o marcher_n but_o at_o last_o they_o bring_v together_o a_o very_a great_a number_n of_o man_n and_o meet_v madoc_n march_v towards_o shâ—ewsbury_n upon_o the_o hill_n of_o cefn_n digolh_n not_o far_o from_o camr_n castle_n where_o after_o a_o bloody_a fight_n on_o both_o side_n madoc_n be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o his_o army_n vanquish_v and_o put_v to_o flight_n then_o he_o be_v send_v to_o london_n and_o there_o sentence_v to_o remain_v in_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n in_o the_o tower_n though_o other_o affirm_v that_o madoc_n be_v never_o take_v but_o that_o after_o several_a adventure_n and_o severe_a conflict_n whereby_o the_o welsh_a be_v reduce_v to_o great_a extremity_n he_o come_v in_o and_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n who_o receive_v he_o upon_o condition_n he_o will_v not_o desist_v to_o pursue_v morgan_z captain_n of_o the_o glamorgan-shire_n man_n till_o he_o bring_v he_o prisoner_n before_o he_o madoc_n have_v perform_v this_o and_o the_o whole_a country_n be_v peaceable_a and_o undisturbed_a several_a hostage_n from_o the_o chief_a nobility_n of_o wales_n for_o their_o orderly_a and_o quiet_a behaviour_n be_v deliver_v to_o the_o king_n who_o dispose_v of_o they_o into_o divers_a castle_n in_o england_n where_o they_o continue_v in_o safe_a custody_n till_o the_o end_n of_o the_o war_n which_o be_v presently-commencâ—d_a with_o scotland_n a.d._n 1301_o in_o the_o 29_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n reign_n the_o prince_n of_o wales_n come_v down_o to_o chester_n and_o receive_v homage_n of_o all_o the_o freeholders_n in_o wales_n as_o follow_v henry_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n for_o monmouth_n reginald_n grace_n for_o ruthyn_n foulke_n fitzwarren_a for_o his_o land_n the_o lord_n william_n martin_n for_o his_o land_n in_o cemaes_n roger_n mortimer_n for_o his_o land_n in_o wales_n henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n for_o rhos_n and_o rhyfoneioc_n robert_n lord_n montalt_n for_o his_o land_n and_o gruffydh_n lord_n of_o poole_n for_o the_o lordship_n of_o powy_n at_o the_o same_o time_n pay_v their_o homage_n tudor_n ap_fw-mi grono_n of_o anglesey_n madoc_n ap_fw-mi tudor_n archdeacon_n of_o anglesey_n eineon_n ap_fw-mi howel_n of_o caernarvon_n tudor_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi ednyfe_v gruffydh_fw-mi â—ychan_fw-mi son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n madoc_n fychan_n denglfield_n lhewelyn_n bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n and_z richard_z de_fw-fr pulesdon_n this_o last_o in_o the_o twelve_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n be_v constitute_v sheriff_n of_o caernarvon_n for_o life_n with_o the_o stipend_n of_o forty_o pound_n sterling_a yearly_a at_o the_o same_o place_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi tudor_n ithel_n fychan_n ithel_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n with_o many_o more_o do_v their_o homage_n then_o the_o prince_n come_v to_o ruthlan_n where_o the_o lord_n richard_n de_fw-fr sutton_n baron_n of_o malpas_n pay_v homage_n and_o fealty_n for_o the_o say_a barony_n of_o malpas_n thence_o the_o prince_n remove_v to_o conwey_n where_o eineon_n bishop_n of_o bangor_n and_o david_n abbot_n of_o maynan_n do_v their_o homage_n as_o do_v lewis_z de_fw-fr felton_n son_n of_o richard_n felton_n for_o the_o land_n which_o his_o father_n hold_v of_o the_o prince_n in_o maelor_n saesneg_n or_o english_a maelor_n john_n earl_n warren_n swear_v homage_n for_o the_o lordship_n of_o bromfield_n and_o yale_n and_o his_o land_n in_o hope-dale_n at_o london_n in_o the_o chapel_n of_o the_o lord_n john_n de_fw-fr kirkby_n sometime_o bishop_n of_o ely_n as_o also_o a_o while_n after_o edmund_z mortimer_z for_o his_o land_n of_o cery_n and_o cydewen_n but_o beside_o all_o these_o there_o pay_v homage_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n at_o chester_n sir_n
promise_n then_o he_o declare_v to_o they_o the_o pretence_n he_o have_v to_o claim_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n that_o edward_n have_v give_v he_o former_o a_o absolute_a promise_n in_o normandy_n that_o if_o ever_o he_o enjoy_v the_o english_a crown_n william_n shall_v be_v his_o heir_n which_o title_n though_o in_o itself_o weak_a and_o insignificant_a serve_v william_n purpose_n well_o enough_o to_o make_v a_o expedition_n against_o a_o intruder_n duke_n william_n pretence_n seem_v plausible_a enough_o to_o the_o norman_a nobility_n but_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o undertake_n and_o the_o danger_n of_o this_o expedition_n be_v something_o perplexive_a and_o make_v they_o less_o inclinable_a to_o encourage_v so_o precipitous_a a_o undertake_n which_o they_o the_o more_o dislike_v upon_o the_o persuasion_n of_o william_n fitzosbert_n the_o duke_n sewer_n who_o they_o pitch_v upon_o to_o deliver_v their_o thought_n as_o to_o the_o expedition_n unto_o the_o duke_n but_o he_o 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cadwallader_n have_v commit_v to_o merfyn_n abbot_n of_o tygwyn_n or_o the_o white-house_n who_o be_v summon_v to_o surrender_v by_o the_o brother_n howel_n and_o conan_n do_v not_o only_o refuse_v but_o defy_v their_o utmost_a effort_n upon_o the_o place_n the_o lord_n find_v they_o can_v do_v no_o good_a by_o threat_n and_o menace_n judge_v it_o more_o convenient_a to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o other_o extreme_a and_o therefore_o promise_v the_o abbot_n a_o very_a high_a reward_n if_o he_o will_v deliver_v the_o castle_n into_o their_o hand_n but_o all_o prove_v to_o no_o effect_n the_o abbot_n be_v a_o person_n of_o more_o honesty_n and_o great_a honour_n than_o to_o be_v corrupt_v to_o betray_v his_o trust_n tell_v they_o flat_o that_o he_o will_v not_o deceive_v his_o master_n expectation_n and_o therefore_o will_v choose_v rather_o to_o die_v with_o honour_n than_o to_o live_v with_o shame_n the_o lord_n find_v he_o inexorable_a and_o withal_o be_v vex_v that_o a_o churchman_n shall_v put_v such_o a_o stop_n to_o their_o fortunate_a proceed_n make_v such_o a_o vigorous_a assault_n upon_o the_o castle_n that_o after_o they_o have_v pull_v down_o some_o part_n of_o the_o wall_n they_o enter_v in_o by_o force_n and_o ravage_v so_o furious_o that_o they_o kill_v and_o wound_v the_o whole_a garrison_n the_o abbot_n only_o escape_v who_o by_o the_o help_n of_o some_o of_o his_o friend_n in_o howel_n army_n get_v away_o safe_a towards_o the_o close_a of_o this_o year_n several_a person_n of_o note_n depart_v this_o life_n among_o who_o be_v robert_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o gilbert_n earl_n of_o clare_n as_o also_o vchthryd_n bishop_n of_o llandaf_n a_o man_n of_o great_a piety_n and_o learning_n in_o who_o see_v succeed_v nicholas_n ab_fw-la gurgant_n a.d._n 1147_o the_o follow_a year_n also_o die_v bernard_n bishop_n of_o st._n david_n and_o be_v succeed_v by_o david_n fitzgerald_n a.d._n 1148_o then_o archdeacon_n of_o cardigan_n sometime_o after_o 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of_o swydh_n lhannerch_n hudol_n and_o braniarth_n gwenwynwyn_n succeed_v his_o father_n in_o all_o his_o estate_n say_v what_o caswalhon_n enjoy_v and_o marry_v margaret_n the_o daughter_n of_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n prince_n of_o south_n wales_n by_o who_o he_o have_v gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gwenâ—ynwyn_n who_o succeed_v his_o father_n in_o all_o his_o possession_n have_v issue_n six_o son_n by_o margaret_n the_o daughter_n of_o robert_n corbet_n brother_n to_o thomas_n lord_n corbet_n of_o cous_fw-la and_o so_o the_o entire_a estate_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n lord_n of_o powy_n become_v shatter_v and_o tear_v into_o divers_a piece_n owen_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn's_fw-fr elder_a son_n have_v for_o his_o part_n arust_o cyfeilioc_n lhannerch_n hudol_n and_o a_o part_n of_o caereneon_n lhewelyn_n have_v mochnant_n uwch_n rayadr_n and_o mechain_n uwch_v coed_n john_n the_o three_o son_n have_v the_o four_o part_n of_o caerenion_n william_n have_v moudhwy_a gruffydh_n fychan_n have_v deudh_fw-mi rr_z ystrat-marchelh_a and_o teir_n tref_o and_o david_n the_o six_o and_o young_a son_n have_v the_o other_o four_o part_n of_o caereneon_n owen_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi have_v issue_n one_o only_a daughter_n name_v hawys_n gadarn_n or_o the_o hardy_a who_o he_o leave_v his_o heir_n but_o her_o uncle_n lhewolyn_n john_n gruffydh_n fychan_n and_o david_n think_v it_o a_o easy_a matter_n to_o dispossess_v a_o orphan_n challenge_v the_o land_n of_o their_o brother_n owen_n allege_v for_o a_o cloak_n to_o their_o usurpation_n that_o a_o woman_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o hold_v any_o land_n in_o that_o country_n but_o hawys_n make_v such_o friend_n in_o england_n that_o her_o case_n be_v make_v know_v to_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o who_o bestow_v she_o in_o marriage_n upon_o a_o servant_n of_o he_o name_v john_n charleton_n term_v valectus_n domini_fw-la regis_fw-la who_o be_v bear_v at_o appley_n near_o wellington_n in_o the_o county_n of_o salop_n anno_fw-la one_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o
for_o some_o time_n make_v a_o vigorous_a defence_n but_o have_v no_o hope_n of_o any_o relief_n they_o think_v it_o their_o wise_a course_n to_o capitulate_v and_o so_o they_o desire_v they_o may_v march_v out_o with_o their_o arm_n bag_n and_o baggage_n and_o all_o that_o belong_v to_o they_o which_o be_v grant_v they_o about_o this_o time_n likewise_o gwenwynwyn_n be_v set_v at_o liberty_n who_o the_o king_n have_v hitherto_o detain_v prisoner_n and_o withal_o lend_v he_o some_o force_n to_o attempt_v the_o recovery_n of_o his_o country_n which_o prince_n lhewelyn_n have_v seize_v upon_o during_o his_o imprisonment_n and_o though_o by_o his_o own_o strength_n he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o cope_v with_o the_o prince_n yet_o by_o this_o assistance_n grant_v he_o by_o the_o king_n he_o soon_o re-possessâ—d_a himself_o of_o his_o dominion_n this_o success_n of_o gwenwynwyn_n encourage_v maelgon_v likewise_o to_o endeavour_v the_o recovery_n of_o that_o part_n of_o his_o country_n which_o the_o prince_n have_v take_v from_o he_o in_o the_o same_o expedition_n now_o he_o make_v his_o application_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o he_o hereupon_o the_o king_n grant_v he_o a_o considerable_a army_n as_o well_o english_a as_o norman_n to_o these_o he_o join_v what_o force_v he_o can_v raise_v in_o wales_n and_o then_o contrary_a to_o the_o oath_n and_o agreement_n he_o have_v make_v with_o his_o nephew_n rhys_n and_o owen_n he_o in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n enter_v their_o country_n when_o he_o be_v come_v to_o cantre_v penwedic_n he_o encamp_v at_o cilcenny_n where_o he_o stay_v some_o time_n to_o take_v measure_n for_o the_o better_a accomplishment_n of_o his_o design_n by_o this_o time_n his_o nephew_n have_v get_v together_o about_o 300_o choose_v well_o discipline_v man_n but_o with_o so_o small_a a_o number_n dare_v not_o oppose_v their_o uncle_n numerous_a army_n in_o open_a field_n therefore_o they_o be_v to_o endeavour_v to_o overthrow_v those_o by_o a_o stratagem_n which_o they_o can_v not_o do_v by_o main_a force_n herein_o they_o prove_v very_o successful_a for_o come_v as_o near_o their_o enemy_n as_o they_o can_v without_o be_v discover_v they_o send_v out_o their_o spy_n that_o night_n for_o intelligence_n who_o bring_v back_o the_o good_a news_n that_o all_o be_v quiet_a in_o maelgon_n camp_n and_o that_o they_o keep_v no_o strict_a watch_n be_v not_o aware_a of_o a_o approach_a enemy_n this_o intelligence_n mighty_o encourage_v the_o brother_n to_o prosecute_v their_o design_n and_o now_o they_o march_v as_o silent_o as_o they_o can_v towards_o their_o enemy_n camp_n where_o they_o meet_v with_o no_o opposition_n be_v not_o discover_v because_o all_o be_v fast_o asleep_a when_o they_o be_v advance_v as_o they_o think_v as_o far_o as_o maelgon_n tent_n they_o furious_o fall_v on_o and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o man_n afore_o they_o awake_v the_o rest_n be_v frighten_v with_o the_o noise_n and_o shout_n of_o their_o enemy_n and_o withal_o think_v their_o number_n to_o be_v far_o great_a than_o it_o be_v be_v glad_a to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o darkness_n of_o the_o night_n to_o quit_v the_o field_n only_a maelgon_n guard_n valiant_o keep_v their_o post_n and_o defend_v their_o lord_n till_o he_o have_v time_n and_o opportunity_n to_o escape_v but_o maelgon_n army_n suffer_v very_o much_o in_o this_o action_n his_o nephew_n conan_n ap_fw-mi howel_n with_o his_o chief_a counsellor_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi cadwgan_n be_v both_o take_v prisoner_n and_o eineon_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n with_o a_o great_a number_n more_o be_v slay_v upon_o the_o spot_n about_o the_o same_o time_n gilbert_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o buelht_n where_o a_o little_a before_o he_o have_v lose_v a_o considerable_a number_n of_o his_o man_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o place_n be_v not_o very_o strong_a and_o tenable_a and_o towards_o the_o conclusion_n of_o this_o 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ap_fw-mi owen_n gwynedh_fw-mi who_o prince_n lhewelyn_n have_v banish_v out_o of_o north-wales_n madoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi maylor_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n chirke_n and_o yale_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi rotpert_n lord_n of_o cydewen_n gwenwynwyn_n lord_n of_o powy_n maelgon_n and_o rhys_n the_o son_n of_o prince_n rhys_n and_o governor_n of_o south_n wales_n with_o this_o formidable_a army_n he_o come_v to_o chester_n intend_v to_o enter_v into_o north-wales_n by_o that_o way_n and_o be_v full_o resolve_v to_o execute_v the_o severe_a vengeance_n upon_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o not_o to_o let_v one_o live_a soul_n remain_v alive_a throughout_o the_o whole_a country_n but_o matter_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v easy_o resolve_v upon_o than_o accomplish_v prince_n lhewelyn_n be_v no_o soon_o inform_v of_o these_o mighty_a preparation_n against_o he_o comprehend_v the_o whole_a strength_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n and_o what_o be_v worst_a of_o all_o be_v assist_v by_o his_o own_o countryman_n but_o he_o issue_v forth_o his_o order_n command_v all_o his_o subject_n of_o the_o inland_n county_n of_o denbigh_n and_o flint_n together_o with_o they_o of_o the_o island_n of_o anglesey_n to_o remove_v for_o a_o time_n all_o their_o cattle_n and_o other_o effect_n to_o snowden-hill_n where_o they_o be_v sure_a to_o remain_v secure_a from_o their_o enemy_n but_o king_n john_n march_v his_o army_n along_o the_o sea-coast_n to_o ruthlan_n and_o there_o pass_v the_o river_n clwyd_n he_o come_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o teganwy_n where_o he_o encamp_v for_o some_o time_n to_o refresh_v and_o recreate_v his_o army_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o long_a march_n they_o make_v be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n weary_a and_o fatigued_a but_o what_o the_o more_o augment_v their_o misery_n lhewelyn_n get_v behind_o they_o cut_v off_o all_o their_o hope_n of_o provision_n from_o england_n and_o the_o welsh_a by_o the_o advantage_n of_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o strait_n and_o narrow_a passage_n cut_v off_o all_o that_o straggle_v from_o the_o english_a camp_n so_o that_o in_o time_n they_o be_v glad_a to_o take_v up_o with_o horseflesh_n and_o any_o thing_n be_v it_o never_o so_o mean_a which_o may_v till_o up_o their_o greedy_a and_o empty_a stomach_n at_o last_o king_n john_n find_v no_o other_o remedy_n and_o perceive_v it_o impossible_a to_o continue_v long_o there_o so_o hungry_a and_o fainty_a think_v it_o his_o wise_a way_n to_o march_v for_o england_n and_o leave_v the_o welsh_a to_o themselves_o and_o so_o he_o decamp_v in_o a_o great_a fury_n leave_v lhewelyn_n to_o bury_v that_o great_a number_n of_o dead_a which_o have_v starve_v in_o this_o successless_a expedition_n but_o to_o recover_v the_o honour_n he_o have_v now_o lose_v he_o be_v resolve_v to_o try_v another_o touch_n with_o the_o welsh_a but_o possible_o not_o with_o the_o same_o confidence_n and_o assurance_n of_o victory_n and_o therefore_o return_v to_o wales_n in_o the_o next_o august_n he_o enter_v with_o such_o another_o terrible_a army_n of_o english_a and_o be_v assist_v by_o the_o same_o welsh_a lord_n at_o blanchmonastery_n now_o oswestry_n be_v in_o the_o lordship_n of_o john_n the_o son_n of_o william_n fitzalan_n in_o this_o expedition_n king_n john_n pass_v the_o river_n conwey_n and_o encamp_v at_o the_o other_o side_n towards_o snowden-hill_n send_v part_n of_o his_o army_n conduct_v by_o guide_n who_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o country_n to_o burn_v bangor_n which_o they_o effectual_o do_v and_o take_v roâ—pert_a bishop_n of_o that_o see_v out_o of_o church_n they_o carry_v he_o prisoner_n to_o the_o english_a camp_n where_o he_o continue_v for_o some_o time_n till_o he_o obtain_v his_o ransom_n for_o a_o present_a of_o two_o hundred_o hawk_n but_o prince_n lhewelyn_n find_v the_o whole_a strength_n of_o england_n and_o almost_o wales_n to_o fight_v against_o he_o and_o judge_v it_o impossible_a for_o himself_o alone_o to_o
nobleman_n offer_v to_o be_v security_n and_o bind_v themselves_o by_o their_o several_a write_n but_o as_o if_o all_o thing_n have_v conspire_v together_o against_o prince_n david_n appendix_n see_v appendix_n several_a person_n that_o have_v be_v at_o continual_a variance_n and_o enmity_n among_o themselves_o to_o this_o time_n be_v now_o by_o reason_n that_o they_o equal_o favour_v gruffydh_n cause_n make_v friend_n among_o one_o another_o morgan_z ap_fw-mi howel_n lord_n of_o cery_n make_v his_o reconciliation_n to_o sir_n ralph_n mortimer_n appendix_n see_v appendix_n and_o his_o submission_n to_o king_n henry_n in_o a_o very_a solemn_a manner_n in_o the_o same_o form_n several_a other_o of_o the_o nobility_n submit_v to_o the_o king_n as_o owen_z ap_fw-mi howel_n maelgon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi maelgon_fw-mi meredith_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n howel_n ap_fw-mi cadwalhon_n and_o cadwalhon_n ap_fw-mi howel_n david_n find_v himself_o thus_o relinquish_v by_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o 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to_o be_v establish_v as_o long_o as_o the_o english_a have_v no_o regard_n to_o article_n and_o still_o oppress_v his_o people_n with_o new_a and_o unwarrantable_a exaction_n therefore_o see_v his_o subject_n be_v unchristian_o abuse_v by_o the_o king_n officer_n and_o all_o his_o country_n most_o tyrannical_o harass_v he_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o the_o english_a upon_o any_o fault_n of_o his_o side_n shall_v threaten_v to_o bring_v a_o formidable_a army_n to_o his_o country_n nor_o the_o church_n pretend_v to_o censure_v he_o see_v also_o he_o be_v very_o willing_a upon_o the_o aforesaid_a condition_n to_o submit_v to_o a_o peace_n and_o last_o he_o desire_v his_o grace_n that_o he_o will_v not_o give_v the_o more_o credit_n to_o his_o enemy_n because_o they_o be_v near_o his_o person_n and_o can_v deliver_v their_o complaint_n frequent_o and_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n for_o they_o who_o make_v no_o conscience_n of_o oppress_v will_v not_o in_o all_o probability_n stick_v to_o 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honourable_o prepare_v for_o his_o journey_n with_o
respect_n to_o his_o quality_n and_o his_o child_n maintain_v and_o provide_v for_o by_o the_o king_n to_o these_o the_o archbishop_n add_v his_o threat_n that_o in_o case_n they_o do_v not_o comply_v and_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o king_n mercy_n there_o be_v very_o severe_a and_o imminent_a danger_n hang_v over_o their_o head_n a_o formidable_a army_n be_v ready_a to_o make_v a_o inroad_n into_o their_o country_n which_o will_v not_o only_o gall_v and_o oppress_v they_o but_o in_o all_o probability_n total_o eradicate_v the_o whole_a nation_n beside_o which_o they_o be_v to_o expect_v the_o severe_a censure_n and_o punishment_n of_o the_o church_n but_o all_o this_o can_v not_o force_v so_o unlimited_a a_o submission_n from_o the_o prince_n but_o that_o he_o will_v stick_v upon_o some_o certain_a condition_n and_o therefore_o by_o letter_n he_o acquaint_v the_o archbishop_n that_o he_o be_v with_o all_o willingness_n desirous_a to_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n but_o withal_o that_o he_o can_v not_o do_v it_o but_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o be_v safe_a and_o honest_a for_o he_o and_o because_o the_o form_n of_o submission_n contain_v in_o the_o article_n send_v to_o he_o be_v by_o himself_o and_o his_o council_n think_v pernicious_a and_o illegal_a for_o he_o to_o consent_v to_o as_o tend_v rather_o to_o the_o destruction_n than_o the_o security_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o subject_n he_o can_v in_o no_o wise_n agree_v to_o it_o and_o in_o case_n himself_o shall_v be_v willing_a the_o rest_n of_o his_o nobility_n and_o people_n will_v never_o admit_v of_o it_o as_o know_v for_o certain_a the_o mischief_n and_o inconveniency_n that_o will_v ensue_v thereby_o therefore_o he_o desire_v his_o lordship_n that_o for_o a_o confirmation_n of_o a_o honest_a and_o a_o durable_a peace_n which_o he_o have_v all_o this_o while_n earnest_o labour_v for_o he_o will_v manage_v matter_n circumspect_o and_o with_o due_a regard_n to_o the_o follow_a article_n for_o it_o be_v much_o more_o honourable_a for_o the_o king_n and_o far_o more_o consonant_a to_o reason_n that_o he_o shall_v hold_v his_o land_n in_o the_o country_n where_o he_o be_v bear_v and_o dwell_v in_o than_o that_o by_o dispossess_v of_o he_o his_o estate_n shall_v be_v bestow_v upon_o stranger_n with_o this_o be_v send_v the_o general_a answer_n of_o the_o welsh_a to_o the_o archbishops_n article_n viz._n 1._o though_o the_o king_n will_v not_o consent_v to_o treat_v of_o the_o four_o cantred_n nor_o of_o the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n yet_o unless_o these_o be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o treaty_n the_o prince_n council_n will_v not_o conclude_v a_o peace_n by_o reason_n that_o these_o cantred_n have_v ever_o since_o the_o time_n of_o camber_n the_o son_n of_o brutus_n properly_z and_o legal_o belong_v to_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n beside_o the_o confirmation_n which_o the_o present_a prince_n obtain_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o father_n at_o the_o treaty_n before_o cardinal_n ottobonus_n the_o pope_n legate_n who_o letter_n patent_n do_v still_o appear_v and_o more_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o be_v plain_o evident_a that_o it_o be_v more_o reasonable_a for_o our_o heir_n to_o hold_v the_o say_a cantred_n for_o money_n and_o other_o service_n due_a to_o the_o king_n than_o that_o stranger_n enjoy_v the_o same_o who_o will_v forcible_o abuse_v and_o oppress_v the_o people_n 2._o all_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o cantred_n of_o wales_n do_v unanimous_o declare_v that_o they_o dare_v not_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o king_n pleasure_n by_o reason_n that_o he_o never_o from_o the_o beginning_n take_v care_n to_o observe_v either_o covenant_n oath_n or_o any_o other_o grant_v to_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o people_n and_o because_o his_o subject_n have_v no_o regard_n to_o religion_n but_o most_o cruel_o and_o unchristian_o tyrannize_v over_o church_n and_o religious_a person_n and_o then_o for_o that_o we_o do_v not_o understand_v ourselves_o any_o way_n oblige_v thereunto_o see_v we_o be_v the_o prince_n tenant_n who_o be_v willing_a to_o pay_v the_o king_n all_o usual_a and_o accustom_a service_n 3._o as_o to_o what_o be_v require_v that_o the_o prince_n shall_v simple_o commit_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n will_n we_o all_o declare_v that_o for_o the_o aforesaid_a reason_n none_o of_o we_o dare_v come_v neither_o will_v we_o permit_v our_o prince_n to_o come_v to_o he_o upon_o those_o condition_n 4._o that_o some_o of_o the_o english_a nobility_n will_v endeavour_v to_o procure_v a_o provision_n of_o a_o thousand_o pound_n a_o year_n in_o england_n we_o will_v let_v they_o know_v that_o we_o can_v accept_v of_o no_o such_o pension_n because_o it_o be_v procure_v for_o no_o other_o end_n than_o that_o the_o prince_n be_v disinherit_v themselves_o may_v obtain_v his_o land_n in_o wales_n 5._o the_o prince_n can_v in_o honesty_n resign_v his_o paternal_a inheritance_n which_o have_v for_o many_o age_n be_v enjoy_v by_o his_o predecessor_n and_o accept_v of_o other_o land_n among_o the_o english_a of_o who_o custom_n and_o language_n he_o be_v ignorant_a and_o upon_o that_o score_n may_v at_o length_n be_v fraudulent_o deprive_v of_o all_o by_o his_o malicious_a and_o inveterate_a enemy_n 6._o see_v the_o king_n intend_v to_o deprive_v he_o of_o his_o ancient_a inheritance_n in_o wales_n where_o the_o land_n be_v more_o barren_a and_o untilled_a it_o be_v not_o very_o probable_a that_o he_o will_v bestow_v upon_o he_o a_o more_o fruitful_a and_o a_o aâ—able_a estate_n in_o england_n 7._o as_o to_o the_o clause_n that_o the_o prince_n shall_v give_v the_o king_n a_o perpetual_a possession_n of_o snowden_n we_o only_o affirm_v that_o see_v snowden_n essential_o belong_v to_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n which_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o predecessor_n have_v enjoy_v since_o brute_n the_o prince_n council_n will_v not_o permit_v he_o to_o renounce_v it_o and_o accept_v another_o estate_n in_o england_n to_o which_o he_o have_v not_o equal_a right_n 8._o the_o people_n of_o snowden_n declare_v that_o though_o the_o prince_n shall_v give_v the_o king_n possession_n of_o it_o they_o will_v never_o own_v and_o pay_v submission_n to_o stranger_n for_o in_o so_o do_v they_o will_v bring_v upon_o themselves_o the_o same_o misery_n that_o the_o people_n of_o the_o four_o cantred_n have_v for_o a_o long_a time_n groan_v under_o be_v most_o rude_o handle_v and_o unjust_o oppress_v by_o the_o king_n officer_n as_o woeful_o appear_v by_o their_o several_a grievance_n 9_o as_o for_o david_n the_o prince_n brother_n we_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o against_o his_o will_n he_o shall_v be_v compel_v to_o take_v a_o journey_n to_o the_o holy-land_n which_o if_o he_o happen_v to_o undertake_v hereafter_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o religion_n it_o be_v no_o cause_n that_o his_o issue_n shall_v be_v disinherit_v but_o rather_o encourage_v now_o see_v neither_o the_o prince_n nor_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n upon_o any_o account_n whatsoever_o have_v move_v and_o begin_v this_o war_n but_o only_o defend_v themselves_o their_o property_n law_n and_o liberty_n from_o the_o encroachment_n of_o other_o person_n and_o since_o the_o english_a for_o either_o malice_n or_o covetousness_n to_o obtain_v our_o estate_n have_v unjust_o occasion_v all_o these_o trouble_n and_o broil_n in_o the_o kingdom_n we_o be_v assure_v that_o our_o defence_n be_v just_a and_o lawful_a and_o therein_o depend_v upon_o the_o aid_n and_o assistance_n of_o heaven_n which_o will_v be_v most_o cruel_o revenge_v upon_o our_o sacrilegious_a and_o inhuman_a enemy_n who_o have_v leave_v no_o manner_n of_o enormity_n in_o relation_n to_o god_n and_o man_n uncommit_v therefore_o your_o grace_n will_v more_o just_o threaten_v your_o ecclesiastical_a censure_n against_o the_o author_n and_o abettor_n of_o such_o unparalleled_a villainy_n than_o the_o innocent_a sufferer_n and_o beside_o we_o much_o admire_v that_o you_o shall_v advise_v we_o to_o part_v with_o our_o own_o estate_n and_o to_o live_v among_o our_o enemy_n as_o if_o when_o we_o can_v peaceable_o enjoy_v what_o be_v our_o own_o unquestionable_a right_n we_o may_v expect_v to_o have_v quiet_a possession_n of_o another_o man_n and_o though_o as_o you_o say_v it_o be_v hard_a to_o live_v in_o war_n and_o perpetual_a danger_n yet_o much_o hard_a it_o be_v to_o be_v utter_o destroy_v and_o reduce_v to_o nothing_o especial_o when_o we_o seek_v but_o the_o defence_n of_o our_o own_o liberty_n from_o the_o insatiable_a ambition_n of_o our_o enemy_n and_o see_v your_o grace_n have_v promise_v to_o fulminate_v sentence_n against_o all_o they_o that_o either_o for_o malice_n or_o profit_n will_v hinder_v and_o obstruct_v the_o peace_n it_o be_v evident_a who_o in_o this_o respect_n be_v transgressor_n and_z delinquent_n the_o fear_n and_o apprehension_n of_o imprisonment_n