after submitted himselfe Oconour submitteth himselfe to the Lorde Iustice and sent his sonne Cormacke to the Lorde Iustice as hostage for his future obedience and loyaltie to the king his highnesse Sir Anthonie Sentleger Lord deputie Sir VVilliam Brereton Lord high Marshall After this iourney was ended sir Anthonie Sentleger knight of the order was constituted Lord Deputie and sir William Brereton lord high Marshal who within one halfe yeare after he was preferred to be Marshall trauayling by the Lord Deputie his appointment to Limmerick to bring in Iames Erle of Desmond who stood vpon certaine tickle poyntes with the gouernor He dyeth ended his life in that iourney and lyeth entumbed at Kilkenny in the Chore of Saint Kenny his Church 1542 In the .xxxiij. yeare of the raigne of Henry the eight there was a Parliament holden at Dublin before sir Anthony Sentleger in which there passed An Act That the king and hys successors to be kings of Ireland For gray marchantes That the plaintife may abridge his plaint in assise That consanguinitie or affinitie being not within y e fifth degree shall be no principall chalenge That maketh it felony to any man to run away with his master his casket For the adnihilating of precōtracts in mariage For al Lordes to distreyn vpon the lands of them holden to make their auowrie not naming the tenant but their land For capacities For seruants wages For Iointenantes For recouerie in auoyding leases For Tythes For attournements This Parliament was proroged vntill the xv of Feb. after was continued at Limmerick before the said deputie at which time there past An Act For the adiournement of the Parliament and the place to holde the same and what persons shall bee chosen Knightes and Burgeses For the election of the L. Iustice Touching mispleading and ieoyfailes For landes giuen by the king For the suppression of Kilmainam and other religious houses This Parliament was likewise proroged and after was continued and holden before the sayde gouernour at Dublin 1543 the sixthe daye of Nouember in the .xxxiiij. yeare of the raigne of king Henry the eight wherein there passed An Act For the deuision of Meth into two shires For persons standing bounde in any Court for theyr apparaunce and being in seruice to bee discharged by writ This Parliament was further proroged vntill the .xvij. of Aprill and at that time before the sayd Gouernour it was holden and ended in which there passed an Act touching the manour and Castle of Dongaruan to be vnited and annexed to the crowne for euer To thys Parliament resorted dyuerse of the Irishe Lordes who submytting themselues to the Deputie hys mercy returned peaceably to their Countreyes But Iames Erle of Desmond sayled into Englande Iames ' Earle o◅ Desmonde and before the King and Counsayle purged himselfe of all suche Articles of treason as were falsly layd to his charge whose cleare purgation and humble submission the king accepted very gratefully Shortly after Desmond his returne homewarde Oneale Earle Tyron the great Oneale was created Earle of Tyron and his base sonne Mathewe Oneale Baron of Dongaruan For in those days Iohn Oneale commonly called Shane Oneale the onely sonne lawfully of his bodie begotten was little or nothing esteemed Oneale hauing returned to Irelande wyth this honour and the king his fauour Obreyne with certaine other Irishe Lordes sayled into Englande submitting theyr lyues and landes to the king his mercie This Obreyne was at that tyme created Earle of Clincare Obreyne created Earle of Clincare in which honour his posteritie hitherto resteth Shortly after the returne of these Lordes to their Countrey 1544 The Irish sent for to the fi◅st◅ of Bollongne King Henrie being fully resolued to besiege Bollongne gaue commaundement to sir Anthonie Sentleger deputie to leuie an armie of Irish men and with all expedition to sende them to England To these were appoynted Captaynes the Lord Power who after was dubt knight Surlock and Finglasse with diuerse others They mustred in Saint Iames his Parke seuen hundred In the siege of Bollongne they stoode the armye in verye good steade For they were not onely contented to burne and spoyle all the villages thereto adioyning but also they would raunge twentie or thirtie miles into the maine lande ◅heir policie in ◅eying for armie and hauing taken a Bull they vsed to tie him to a stake and scorching hym with fagottes they woulde force him to roare so as all the Cattell in the Countrey woulde make towardes the Bull all which they woulde lightly leade away and furnish the campe with store of b◅efe If they tooke anye Frenche man prysoner least they shoulde bee accounted couetous in snatching wyth them hys intyre bodye hys onelye raunsome shoulde bee no more but hys heade The French wyth this extraordinarie kind of warfarring astonyed sent an Ambassadour to King Henrie to learne whether he brought meane wyth hym or Diuelles that coulde neyther bee woonne wyth rewardes nor pacifyed by pitie whiche when the King had turned to a ◅east the French menne euer after if they coulde take anye of the Irishe scattering from the companie vsed fyrst to cutte off theyr genitours and after to tormente them with as greate and as lingring paine as they could deuise French cha◅ger vanqui◅ed After that Bollongne was surrendred to the King there encamped on the West syde of the Towne beyonde the Hauen an armye of French menne among whome there was a Thrasonicall Golias that departed from the armye and came to the brincke of the Hauen and there in letting and daring wise chalenged anye one of the Englishe armye that durst be so hardie as to bicker with him hand to hande And albecit the distaunce of the place the depth of the Hauen the nearnesse of hys companie emboldned him to thys chalenge more than any great valour or pithe that rested in him to indure a combate yet all this notwithstanding an Irishe manne named Nicholl Welshe Nichol VVelsh who after reteyned to the Earle of Kyldare loathing and disdeyning his prowde bragges flung into the water and swamme ouer the Ryuer fought wyth the chalenger stroke him for dead and returned backe to Bollongne wyth the Frenchman his heade in hys mouth before the armie coulde ouertake hym For which exployte as hee was of all his companie highly commended so by the Lieutenant he was bountifully rewarded 1545 The Earle of Lennox as◅ied by king Henrie Much aboute this tyme the Earle of Lennox verie wrongfully inquieted in Scotlande and forced to forsake his Countrey became humble peticioner to King Henrie as well to relieue him in his distressed calamitie as to cōpasse the meanes how he might bee restored to his landes and liuing The King his highnesse mooued wyth compassion posted the Earle ouer to Irelande with letters of especiall trust commaunding sir Anthonie Sentleger then Deputie to assist and further the Scottish outcast with as puissant an
e Frēch kings hands with the which the B. of Winchester was sent backe into Englād the B. of Norwich and the Erle of Richmond remaining there til it might be knowen how the King of Englād would like thereof Finally it was thought good that the Quene should goe ouer to hir brother the Frēch K. to confirme y e treatie of peace vpō some reasonable conditiōs The Queene is sent ouer into France to talke with hir brother the Frenche King She willingly tooke vppon hir the charge and so with y e L. Iohn Crumwell and other four knightes without any other greate traine taking the sea landed in France where of y e K. hir brother she was ioyfully receiued and finally shee being the mediatrix it was finally accorded A peace and concorde agreed vpon that y e K. of England shuld giue to his eldest son y e Duchie of Aquitaine and the Countie of Pontieu that y e Frēch K. receyuing homage of him for the same he shuld restore into his hands the sayd Countie and the lands in Guyenne for the whiche they were at variance and for those countreys which had bin forrayed and spoyled the Earle of Aniou shoulde fully see him satisfied as right did require Vpon all which couenauntes the French King wrote his letters patentes into Englande and other letters also of safe conduite An. reg 19. as well for the sonne as for the Kyng hymselfe if it shoulde please hym to come ouer hymselfe in person Vpon whiche choise greate deliberation was hadde as well at Langdon as at Douer dyuers thinkyng it best that the Kyng shoulde goe ouer hymselfe but the Earle of Winchester and hys sonne the Lord Chamberlayne that neyther durst goe ouer themselues with the Kyng nor abyde at home in his absence gaue contrary coūsell and at length preuayled so that it was fully determined that the Kyngs eldest sonne Edwarde shoulde goe ouer whiche turned to theyr destruction as it appeared afterward Heerevpon the Kyng made a charter of grant vnto his sonne of the Duchie of Guyenne and Countie of Pontieu to haue and hold to him and hys heires Kyngs of Englande with condition that if hee chaunced to depart this life whylest hys father lyued those landes shoulde returne vnto hys father agayne so as the Frenche Kyng myghte not marrie the Kings sonne at his pleasure nor appoynte to him any gardians or gouernoures Thys ordinance was made at Douer by the Kyngs Charter The Prince of Wales is sent into France with consente of the Prelates and other noble men of the Realme there present the morrowe after the Natiuitie of our Lady and on the Thursdaye following the Kinges sonne tooke the Sea and with hym Walter Byshoppe of Excester and others in competent number and aboute the feast of Saint Mathewe the Apostle hee did homage to hys Vncle the French King at Bois de Vincennes vnder certaine protestations made as well on the one part as the other A drye Sommer The sommer this yeare prooued exceeding hote and drie so that springs and riuers failed to yeeld their accustomed course of waters by reason whereof Cattel dyed greate number of cattell and beastes both wilde and tame dyed through lacke of conuenient licor to aswage theyr vehemente thirst The king sendeth for his wyfe and son to retourne home In the beginning of the nexte spring Kyng Edwarde sente into Fraunce vnto his wife and sonne commaunding them now that they hadde made an ende of their businesse to returne home with all conuenient speede The Queene receyuing the message from hir husband whether it was so that she was staied by hir brother vnto whome belike shee had complayned after what in anner shee was vsed at hir husbandes handes being had in no regard with him or for that she had no minde to returne home bycause shee was loth to see all things ordred out of frame by the counsell of the Spencers whereof to heare she was weery or whether as the manner of women is shee was long about to prepare hir selfe forwarde shee slacked all the Sommer and sente letters euer to excuse hir tarriance But yet bycause shee woulde not runne in any suspition with hir husbande The womans dissimulation shee sente dyuers of hir folkes before hir into Englande by soft iorneys King Edwarde not alittle offended with king Charles by whose meanes hee knewe that the woman thus lingered abroade he procured Pope Iohn to write hys letters vnto the French king admonishing him to sende home his sister and hir sonne vnto hir husbande But when this nothyng auayled A proclamation Fabian a proclamation was made in the moneth of December this nineteenth yeare of thys Kyngs raigne that if the Queene and hir sonne entred not the lande by the octaues of the Epiphany next ensuing in peaceable wise they should be taken for enimies to the Realme and Crowne of England Polidore Heere authors varie for some write that vpon knowledged had of this proclamation the Queene determined to returne into Englande forthwith that she myghte bee reconciled to hir husbande agayne Other write and that more truely how shee being highly displeased both with the Spencers and the Kyng hir husbande that suffered himselfe to be misled by their counsels did appoynt indeede to returne into Englande not to be reconciled but to stirre the people to some Rebellion whereby she might reuenge hir manifolde iniuries whiche as the proofe of the thing shewed seemeth to bee most true for shee being a wise woman considering that sith the Spencers had excluded put out and remoued all good men from and beside the Kyngs counsell and placed in their roomthes suche of their clientes seruauntes and friendes as pleased them shee mighte well thinke that there was small hope to bee had in hir husbande who hearde no man but the sayde Spencers whyche she knewe hated hir deadly Wherevppon 1326 after that the tearme prefixed in the proclamation was expired the King caused to bee seased into hys handes all suche landes as belonged eyther to his sonne or to his wife About the same time Sir Robert VValkfare one Sir Robert Walkefare Knight a right hardy man of his handes but craftie and subtill who being taken in the warres whyche the Lords reysed agaynst the Kyng had bin committed to prison in the Castel of Corfe founde meanes nowe to kill the Connestable of that Castell most cruelly and escaping away gote ouer to the Queene into Fraunce and so the number of them that ranne out of the Realm vnto hir dayly encreased This Sir Robert Walkfare was a great procurer of the discord betwixt y e King and y e Lords and a chiefe leader or rather seducer of that noble man Humfrey de Boun Earle of Hereford and whilest other gaue themselues to seeke a reformation in the decayed state of the common wealthe he set his minde vpon murders and robberies Diuers other aboute the same time
the Kings enimies were vanquished and put to flight The erle Do◅glas takē prisoner in whiche flighte the Earle of Dowglas for hast falling from the cragge of a mountaine brake one of his genitalles and was taken and for his valiantnesse of the King frankely freely deliuered The Earle o◅ Worcester taken There was also taken the Earle of Worcester the procurer and setter forthe of all thys mischiefe Sir Richard Vernon and the Baron of Kynderton with diuers other There were slayne vpon the Kings part beside the Earle of Stafford Knights slaine on the kynges parte to the number of tenne Knightes Sir Hugh Shorly sir Iohn Clifton sir Iohn Cokayne sir Nicholas Gausell sir Walter Blunt sir Iohn Caluerley sir Iohn Massy of Podington sir Hugh Mortimer and sir Roberte Gausel all the which receyued the same morning the order of Knighthoode sir Thomas Wendesley was wounded to death and so passed out of this life shortly after There dyed in all vpon y e kings side sixteene C. and foure M. were greeuouslye wounded On the contrarie side were slaine besides the L. Percy the most part of the knights and esquiers of the countie of Chester The slaughter of Cheshire-men at this battayle to y e nūber of two C. besides yeomen and footemē in all there dyed of those that fought one y e Percies side about fiue M. This battell was fought on Mary Magdalene euen being Saterday Vpon the Monday following the Earle of Worcester the Baron of Kinderton and sir Richarde Vernon knightes The Earle of Worcester other beheaded were condemned and beheaded The Earles head was sent to London there to be set on the bridge The Earle of Northumberlande was now marching forward with a greate power which he had got togither either to ayde his sonne and brother as was thought or at y e least towardes the King to procure a peace but the Earle of Westmerlande and sir Roberte Waterton knight The Earle of Westmerland reyseth a power agaynste the Earle of Northumberlande had got an army on foote meant to meete him The Earle of Northumberlande taking neither of them to bee his friende turned suddainely backe and withdrewe himselfe into Warkeworth Castell The King hauing set a stay in things aboute Shrewesburie wente straight to Yorke The K. goeth to Yorke from whence hee wrote to the Earle of Northumberland willing him to dismisse his companies that hee had with him and to come vnto him in peaceable wise The Earle of Northumberland commeth to the king The Earle vpon receipt of the kings letters came vnto him the morrow after Saint Laurence day hauyng but a few of his seruauntes to attend him and so excused himselfe that the King bycause y e Erle had Berwike in his possession and further had his Castels of Alnewike Warkeworth and other fortified with Scottes dissembled the matter gaue him faire wordes and suffered him as saith Hall to departe home although by other it shoulde seeme that hee was committed for a time to safe custodie The King returning forthe of Yorkeshire determined to goe into Northwales to chastise the presumptuous doings of the vnruly Welchmen The Welchmen molest the Englishe subiectes who after his comming from Shrewsburie and the marches there had done much harme to the English subiects But now where the K. wanted money to furnishe that enterprice and to wage his Souldiers there were some that counselled hym to be bolde with the Bishoppes and supply his wante of their surplusage but as it fortuned the Archebyshoppe of Caunterburie was there presente who in the name of all the rest boldly made aunswere that none of hys prouince shoulde bee spoyled by anye of those naughtie disposed persons It wa◅ spoken like a Prelate but that firste with harde stripes they shoulde vnderstande the price of theyr rashe enterprice But the King neuerthelesse so vsed the matter with the Byshoppes for their good willes that the Archebyshoppe at length to pleasure hym calling the Cleargie togither gote a graunte of a tenth A tenth le◅ied of the Cleargie towards the kings necessarie charges The Britaine 's vnder the conduct of the Lorde of Cassils spoyled and brente the Towne of Plimmouth and returned without receyuing anye domage but immediately therevppon the Westerne men manning forthe a fleete vnder the gouernemente of one William Wilforde Esquier Wil. Wilford made saile ouer to the coastes of Britaine where they tooke aboue fortie Shippes laden with oyle sope Ships taken and Rochel wine to the quantitie of a thousande tunne In returning homewardes they brente fortie other vessels and landing at Pennarch they brente townes and villages sixe leagues within the Countrey togither with the Towne of S. Mathewe and all the buildings there three leagues round about the same towne About the feast of all Saincts a Parliament beganne at Couentrie An. reg 5. A Parliament at Couentrie and continued there tyll Sainte Andrewes tyde but at length bycause vittailes waxed deere and lodging was steight it was adiorned from thence vnto London Adiurned to London there to begin againe in the Octaues of the Epiphanie The same time A pardon a pardon was graunted and proclaymed for all suche as hadde taken parte with the Percies againste the Kyng and lykewise for all other offendors those excepted that hadde consented to betraye Calais whome the King sente thyther to suffer for theyr offences A little before Christmas the Frenchmenne meante to haue robbed and spoyled the I le of Wight Frenchmē inuade the Isle of Wight but when a thousande of them were set on lande and had gote togither a great bootie of Cattell suddainely there came vpon them suche number of people that they were constreyned to withdrawe to their Shippes leauing their pray behinde them and no small number of theyr mē to pay for theyr shotte They are repused so that they wanne little by that iourney returning home with shame and dishonor 1404 The Parliament beginneth againe The Earle of Northumberland restored This yeare in the Parliament holden at Lōdon beginning the morrow after the feast of S. Hillarie and continuing twelue weekes the Erle of Northumberlād was restored vnto his former dignities lands and goodes the I le of Man only excepted which by reason of the forfeyture made by the Earle of Salisburie the King had first giuen vnto hym The I le of Man and now depriued him thereof where all his other landes possessions and liuings were wholly to hym and hys heyres restored by authoritie of the same Parliamente A subsidie A subsedie was also graunted to the Kyng of euery Knightes fee twentie shillings whether the same were holden of hym by menaltie or otherwise Moreouer euery man and woman that myghte dispende in landes the valew of twentie shillings and so vpwarde aboue the reprices whether the same landes belonged to the laye fee or to the Churche payed for euery pounde
captayne was taken and shortly after put to deth as diuerse other were which the Burgonians bought of the English men that had taken them prisoners The Tower that stoode at the ende of the Bridge coulde not bee woonne At an other bickering also it chaunced that the Englishe men vnder the leading of the Earle of Augus or Kyme had the vpper hande Harding and tooke many prysoners which the Duke of Burgoigne woulde that they shoulde haue beene lykewise put to death as traytors to theyr Countrey but the sayd Earle of Angus answered for himselfe and the residue of the Englishmen that they woulde rather dye all in the place than suffer theyr prysoners to be vsed otherwyse than as men of warre ought to bee that is to haue their laies saued and to be raunsomed according as the law of Armes requyred and by that meanes they were preserued The Duke of Burgoigne hauing the worlde at will for the Duke of Orleans immediatelye after the losse of Saint Clou departing from S. Deuys got him into the highe Countryes sent home the Englishmen with heartie thanks and great rewardes This yeare Recor. Turris Creations of noble men the king created his brother Thomas Beauford Erle of Dorset and his sonne the Lord Thomas of Lancaster that was Lord stewarde of Englande and Erle of Aubemarle hee created duke of Clarence Iohn duke of Burgoigne Hall hauing now the gouernance both of the French king and his realme so persecuted the Duke of Orleauns and hys complyces The Orliancial faction sueth to the k. of England for ayde that finally they for theyr laste refuge requyred ayde of King Henrie sending ouer vnto hym certayne persons as theyr lawfull procuratours of the whiche one hight Alberte Aubemont a manne of greate witte learning and audacitie to offer in name of the confederates vnto the sayde Kyng Henrye and to hys sonnes certayne conditions whiche were made and concluded the yeare of our Lord .1412 the eight of May. The confederates of the Orleancial faction The names of the chiefe confederates were these Iohn duke of Berrie and Erle of Poictou Charles Duke of Orleans and Valois Earle of Blais Beamound Lorde of Coucie and Ach Iohn Duke of Bourbon and Auvergne Earle of Clearmont Forest and Lysle Lorde of Beauieu and Casteau Chinou Iohn Duke of Alanson Bernarde Earle of Arminacke and others The Articles of couenants which they offered to the k. of Englande The effect of the Articles which these confederates were agreed vpon touching their offer to the king of England were as followeth 1 First they offred their bodies finances and landes to serue the king of Englande his heyres and successors in all iust causes and actions sauing alwayes their allegiances knowing that he would not further enquire of them 2 Secondly they offred their sonnes daughters neces and nephewes and al other their kinsfolke to bee bestowed in mariages according to the pleasure of the king of England 3 Thirdly they offred their Castels townes treasures and all their other goodes to serue the foresayde king 4 Fourthly they offered theyr friendes allies and well wyllers to serue hym beeing the moste part of all the Nobles of Fraunce Churchmen Clearkes and honest Citizens as it should well appeare 5 Fiftly they offred to put him in possession of the Duchie of Guienne which they were ready to protest to belong to the king of Englande in lyke and semblable wyse in lybertie and franchises as any other king of Englande his predecessor had held and enioyed the same 6 Sixtly that they woulde bee readie to recognise the landes whiche they possessed within that Duchie to hold the same of the king of England as of the verye true Duke of Guienne promising all seruices homages after the best maner that might be 7 Seuenthly they promised to deliuer vnto the king as much as lay in them all townes and Castels apperteyning to the royaltie and seigniorie of the king of England which are in number xx townes and Castels and as to the regarde of other townes and fortresses whiche were not in their handes they would to the vttermost of their powers help the king of England his heyres to win them out of his aduersaries handes 8 Eightly that the duke of Berrie as vassall to the king of Englande and likewise the duke of Orleans his subiect and vassall should holde of him by homage and fealtie the landes and seigniories hereafter following that is to say the Duke of Berrie to holde onely the Countie of Ponthieu during his life and the Duke of Orleans to holde the Countie of Angulesme during his life and the Countie of Perigourt for euer and the Earle of Arminacke to holde foure Castels vpon certaine sureties and conditions as by Indenture should be appoynted For the which offers couenants and agreements they requested of the king of England to condiscend vnto these conditions ensuing 1 First that the king of England The condition which they ret◅ quested of the k. of England as Duke of Guienne shoulde defende and succor them as hee ought to do against al mē as their very lord and soueraigne and specially vntil they had executed iustice fully vpon the Duke of Burgoigne for the crime which he committed vpon the person of the Duke of Orleans 2 Secondly that hee shoulde assyst them agaynst the sayde duke of Burgoigne and his fautors to recouer againe their goodes which by occasion of the sayd duke and his friendes they had lost and bene depriued of 3 Thirdly that he shoulde likewise ayde them in all iust quarelles for recouering of domages done to their friends vassals and subiects 4 Fourthly to helpe and assyst them for the concluding and establishing of a firme peace betwixt both the realmes so farre as was possible And further they besought the king of England to send vnto them .viij. M. men to ayd thē agaynst the Duke of Burgoigne and his complices whiche dayly procured the French king to make warre vpon them seeking by al wayes and meanes how to destroy them The king of Englande louingly enterteyned the Messengers and vpon consideration had of their offers as wel for that he detested the shamefull murther of the Duke of Orleans which remayned vnpunished by support of such as mainteyned the duke of Burgoigne who as it appeared woulde keepe promyse no longer than serued his owne turne as also for that the same offers seemed to make greatly both for hys honour and profite thought that by the office of a King hee was bounde in duetie to succour them that cryed for Iustice and coulde not haue it and namely sithe in right they were his subiectes and vassalles hee oughte to defende them in mayntenaunce of his superioritie and Seigniorie Herevpon as Duke of Guienne he tooke vpon him to succour and defend them against all men The king of Englande taketh vpon him to defend the Orleantial faction as their verie Lorde and soueraigne and so
long before his death wherof eche of his childreÌ„ so sone as he was enterred toke seisure and possession Howbeit after two yeres it happened that Albanact was slayne wherevpon Locrinus and Camber raysed their powers reuenged his death and finally the sayde Loctinus made an entraunce vpoÌ„ Albania seyzed it into his owne handes as excheated wholly vnto himselfe without yéelding any part therof vnto his brother Camber who made no clayme nor title vnto any portion of the same Herby then sayth Adams it euidently appeareth that the entier seigniorie ouer Albania consisted in Locrinus according to which example lykeland among brethren euer since hath continued in preferring the eldest brother to the onely benefite of the collaterall assencion from the youngest asswell in Scotlande as in England vnto this daye Ebranke the lineall heire from the bodie of this Locrine that is to say the sonne of Mempris sonne of Madan sonne of the same Locrine buylded in Albania the castle of Maydens nowe called Edenbrough and the Castle of Alcluith or Alclude now called Dunbriton as the Scottish Hector Boethius confesseth wherby it most euidently appeareth that our Ebranke was then thereof seased This Ebranke reigned in the 〈…〉 ouer theÌ„ a long time after whose death Albania as annexed to the empire of the Britaine descended to the onely king of Britons vntill the discent to the two sisters sonnes Mâ—â—gan and Conedage lineall heires from the sayde Ebranke who brotherly vpoÌ„ the first example deuided y e realme MorgaÌ„ had Lhoegrâ—â— and Conedage haâ—… Albanâ—â— but shortly after Morgan the elder brother pondeâ—â—â—g in hys hed the loue to his brother with the loue to a kingdome excluded nature gaue place to ambition and therupoÌ„ denouncing warre death miserably ended hys life as the rewarde of his vntruth wherby Conedage obtayned the whole Empire of all Britaine in which state he remayned during his naturall lyfe From him the same lineally descended to the onelye king of Britons vntill after the reigne of Gorbodian who had issue two sons Ferres and Porres This Porres requyring lyke diuision of the lande affirming the forâ—…er particions to be rather of lawe then fauour was by the handes of his elder brother both of his lyfe and hoped kingdome bereued at once whereupon their vnnaturall mother vsing hir natural malice for the deth of hir one sonne without regard of the lossing of both miserably slew the other Cloten by all writers aswell Scottishe as other was the next inheritour to the whole Empire but lacking power the only meane in those dayes to obtayne right he was contented to deuide the same among thrée of his kinsmen so that Scater had Albania But after the death this Cloten his sonne Dunnallo Mulmutius made warâ—…e vpon these thrée Kinges and at last ouercame them and so recouered the whole dominion in token of which victorie he caused himselfe to be crowned with a crowne of gold the very first that was worne among the kinges of this nation This Dunuallo erected temples wherein the people shoulde assemble for Prayer to which temples he gaue benefite of Sanctuarie he made the 〈◊〉 for wager of battaile in cases of murder and â—â—lonte whereby a théefe that lyued and made his art of â—…ighting shoulde for his purgation fight wyth the true man which he had robbed but he beléeued that the Goddes for then they supposed many would by myracle assigne victorie to the innocent partie The priuileges of which first sawe benefite of the latter aswell in Scotlande as in Englande be midyed to this day few causes by late positiue lawes among vs excepted wherein the benefite of wager of battaâ—…le is expelled â—… by which obedience to hys lawes it doth manifestly appeare that thys Dunuallo was then seased of Albania nowe called Scotland This Dunuallo reigned in thys estate ouer them many yeares Beline Brenne the sonnes of this Dunuallo dyd after theyr fathers death fauourably deuide the land betwéene them so that Beline had Logres and Brenne had Albania but for that this Brenne a subiect without the consent of his elder brother and Lord aduentured to marry with the daughter of the king of Denmarke Beline seased Albania into his owne handes and thereuppon caused the notable wayes priuileged by Dunuallons Lawes to be newly wrought by mens handes which for the length was from the furder part of Cornewall vnto the the sea by North Cathnes in Scotland for religion in those daies he coÌ„stituted ministers called Archeflamines in their functions most like the aucthoritie of Bishoppes at this daye the one of which remained at Ebranke now called Yorke and whose power exteÌ„ded to y e vttermost bondes of Albany wherby lykewyse appeareth that it was then within his dominion After his death the whole Isle was enioyed by the onlye kings of Britaine vntill the tyme of Vigenius and Perydurus lineall heires from the sayde Belyne who fauourably made particion so that Vigenius had all the land from Humber south and Perydurus from thence North all Albania This Vigenius died and Perydurus suruiued and thereby obtayned the whole from whome the same quietly discended and was by his posteritie accordingly enioyed vnto the reigne of king Coell of that name the first In hys tyme an obscure nation by most writers supposed Scithians passed by seas from Irelande and arriued in that part of Britaine called Albania against whome this Coell assembled his power and being entred Albania to expell theÌ„ one Fergus in the night disguised entered the tent of this Coell and in his bed traiterously slew him This Fergus was therefore in reward of such vertue made there King whereupon they sat downe in that part with their wiues and children and called it Scotlande and themselues Scottes from the beginning of the worlde After the Scottishe accompt foure thousande and sixe hundred and seuentéene yeares which by iust computacion and confession of all their owne wryters is sixe hundred yeares lacking tenne after that Brutus had reigned ouer y e whole Island the same land being enioyed by him and his posteritie before their comming during two and fiftie discentes of the kinges of Britaine Certes this intrusion into a land so many hundred yeares before inhabited and by so many disceÌ„ts of kings quietly enioyed is the best tytle that all their owne writers alledge for them This Fergus hereupoÌ„ immediately did deuyde Albania also amoÌ„g his Capitaines and their people whereby it most euidently appeareth that there were no people of that nation inhabiting there before in proofe wherof the same particion shall followe The landes of Cathnes lying against Orknay 〈…〉 betwéene Dummesbey and the Water of Thane was giuen vnto one Cornath a capitaine and his people The landes betwéene the Water of Thane and Nes nowe called Rosse lying in bredth from Cromart to the mouth of the water of Lochte were giuen to Lutorke another Capitaine and his people The landes betwéene Spay and Nes from the Almaine seas to the Ireland
Seas now called Murray land were giueÌ„ to one Warroche and his people The lande of Thalia now called Boyn Aynze Bogewall Gariot Formartine and Bowguhan were giuen to one Thalis and his people The landes of Marr Badezenoche Lochquhaber were giuen to Marrache and his people The lands of Lorne and Kintier with the hilles mountaynes thereof lying from Mar to the Irelande seas were giuen to Capitaine Nonaunce and his people The landes of Athole were giuen to Atholus another capitaine his people The landes of Strabraun and Brawdawane lying West from Dunkell were giuen to Creones and Epidithes two Capitaynes The landes of Argile were giuen to Argathelus a Capitaine The landes of Linnor Clidisdale were allotted to Lolgona a captaine The landes of Siluâ—…ia now called Kile Carrike and Cunyngham were giuen to Silurche another Capitaine The landes of Brigance nowe called Gallowaie were giuen to the compaignie called Brigandes which as their best menne were appointed to dwell next the Britons who afterwarde expulsed the Britons from Aunandale in Albany whereby it is confessed to be before inhabited by Britons The residue of the lande now called Scotland that is to say Meirnis Angas SteremoÌ„de Gowry Strahern Pirth Fiffe Striucling Callendes Calderwoode Lougthian Mers Teuedale with other the rement Dales and the Sherifdome of Berwicke were then enioyed by a nacion mingeled in marriage wyth Britons and in their obedience whose capitaine called Berynger buylded the castle towne of Berwicke vpon Twede and these people were called Pictes vppon whome by the death of this Coell these Scottes had oportunitie to vse warre wherof they ceased not vntill such time as it pleased God to appoint an other Coli king of BritoÌ„s agaynst whose name albeit they hoped for a like victory to y e first yet he preuayled and ceased not his â—…ar vntill these Scotâ—…es were vtterly expulsed out of all the boundes of Britayne in which they neuer dared to reenter vntill the troublesome raigne of Scicill kyng of Britones which was the xij king after this Coll. Duryng all which tyme the countrey was reenhabited by the Britons But then the Scots turning the ciuill discord of this realme betwene this Sycill and his brother Blede to their best auauntage arriued agayne in Albania there made one Reuther theyr king Vpon this their new arriuall new warre was made vpon them by this Sicill kyng of Britons in which warre Reuther their new kyng dyed and There as succéeded agaynst whom the warre of Britones ceaâ—…ed not vntill he fréely submitted himselfe vnto the said Sicill king of Britones at Ebranke that is Yorke where shortly after the tenth yeare of his raigne he dyed Fynnane brother of Iosine succeded by their election to the kingdom of Scottes who shortly after compelled by the warres of the same Sicill declared hymselfe subiect and for the better assuraunce of his fayth and obessaunce to the kyng of Britons deliuered his sonne Durstus into the handes of this Sicill who fantesâ—…yng y e child and hopyng by his owne succession to alter their subtiltle I will not say duplicitie maried hym in the ende to Agasia hys owne daughter This Durstus was their next kyng but for that he had maried a Britton woman thoughe she was a kynges daughter the scots hated hym for the same cause for which they ought rather to haue liked hym â—…he better and therfore not onely traiterously slewe hym but further to declare the ende of theyr malice dishenheriâ—â—â— as much as in them was the â—â—hes of the same Durstus and Agasia Hherupon new warre sprong betwene them and vs which 〈◊〉 not vntill they were contented to receyue Edeir to theyr kyng the 〈◊〉 in bloudâ—… then liuyng discended from Durstus and Agasia and thereby the bloud of Britons of the partâ—… of the mother was restored to the crowne of Albania so that nature whose law is immutable caused this hand of loue to hold For shortly after this Edeir attended vpon Castibelane king of Britons for the repulse of Iulius Caesar as their owne author Boctius confesseth Who coÌ„mauÌ„ded the same as his subiect but Iulius Caesar after his third arriual by treâ—…son of 〈◊〉 preuayled against the 〈◊〉 and thereupon 〈◊〉 this Eder into scotland and as 〈…〉 mentalies subdued all the Isle of 〈◊〉 which thoughe the liuyng Scottes 〈…〉 their head writers confesse that he cause beyond Callender woode and call downe Camelon the principall city of Picâ—…tes and in token of this victory not â—…ere from 〈◊〉 builded a round Temple 〈…〉 which remayned in some perfection vnto the raign of our king Edwarde called the first after the Conquest by whome it was 〈◊〉 but the monumeÌ„t therof remayneth to thys 〈◊〉 Marius the son of Arâ—â—ragus being king of all Britaine in his tyme one Rodericke a Scythian with a greatâ—…rable of needy souldiours came to the water of Frithe in Scotland which is an arme of the sea deuidyng Pentland from Fiffe against whome thys Marius assembled a power by whiche he slew this Rodericke and discomfited his people in Westmerland but to those that remained in lyfe he gaue the countrey of Cathenes in Scotlande which prooueth it to be within hys owne dominion Coill the sonne of this Marius had 〈◊〉 Lucius counted the first christiaÌ„ king of this nacion â–ª he conueâ—â—ed the thrée 〈◊〉 of this land into Bishoprikes and ordeyned bishops vnto eche of them the first remained at London and his power extended from the farthest part of Cornewall to Humber water the second remayned at Yorke and hys power stretched from Humber to y e farthest part of all Scotland The third remayned at Caerles vpoÌ„ the riuer of Wiske in Glamorgan in Wales and his power extended froÌ„ Seuerne thorough all Wales Some write that he made but two turned their names to Archbishops the one to remayne at Canterbury the other at Yorke yet they confesse that 〈◊〉 of Yorke had iurisdiction through all Scotland eyther of which is sufficient to proue scotlaÌ„d to be then vnder his dominion Seuerus by birth Romaine but in bloud a Briton and the lineall heire of the body of Androgius son of Luâ—… and Nephwe of Cassibelaine was shortly after Emperour and king of Britons in whose tyme the people to whom his auncester Marius gaue the land of Cathenes in Scotland conspired wyth the Scottes and receyued them from the Isles into Scotland But hereupon this Seuerus came into Scotland and méetyng with their fayth and false hartes together droue them all out of the mayne lande into Isles the vttermost bondes of all great Britayne But notwithstanding this glorious victory the Britons considering their seruitude to the Romaines imposed by treason of Androgeus auncester to this Seuerus began to hate hym whome yet they had no tyme to loue who in their defence and suretie had slayne of the Scottes and their confederates in one battaile xxx thousandes but such was the coÌ„sideration of the common sort in those dayes whose malice no tyme
king also once in euery yere at certaine principall feastes whereat the king dyd vse to weare his crowne to repaire vnto him into Englande for the making of lawes which in those daies was done by y e noble meÌ„ or peres according to the order of France at this day To thich end he allowed also sundry lodgings in England to him his successours wherat to lye refreshe themselues in their tourneyes and finally a péece of ground lying beside the newe palace of Westminster vppon which this Keneth buylded a house that by him and his posteritie was enioyed vntill the reigne of King Henry the seconde in whose tyme vpon the rebellioÌ„ of William theÌ„ king of Scottes it was resumed into the king of Englands handes The house is decayed but the grounde where it stoode is called Scotlande to this day Moreouer Edgar made this lawe that no man shoulde succéede to his patrimonie or inheritaunce holden by knightes seruice vntill he accomplished the age of one and twentie yeares bycause by intendement vnder that age he shoulde not be able in person to serue hys king and countrey according to the tenour of his déede and the coÌ„dition of his purchase This lawe was receyued by the same Keneth in Scotlande and aswell there as in Englande is obserued to this day which prooueth also that Scotlande was then vnder hys obeysaunce In the yeare of our Lorde 1974. Kinalde king of Scottes Malcolin king of Cumbreland Macon king of Man and the Isles Duuenall bing of southwales Siferth and Howell kings of the rest of wales Iacob or Iames of Galloway and Iukill of westmerlande did homage to king Edgar at Chester And on the morow going by water to y e monastery of s Iohns to seruice and returning home againe y e said Edgar sitting in a barge stiering the same vpon the water of Dée made the sayd kings to rowe y e barge saying that his successors might well be ioyefull to haue the prerogatiue of so great honour and the superiority of so many mightie princes to be subiect vnto their monarchie Edward the sonne of this Edgar was next king of Englande in whose tyme this Keneth kyng of Scots caused Malcolme prince of Scotlande to be poysoned wherupon king Edwarde made warre agaynst him which ceassed not vntill this Keneth submitted himselfe and offered to receyue him for prince of Scotlande whome king Edward woulde appoint herevpon Edwarde proclaymed one Malcolme to be prince of Scotlande who immediately came into Englande and there dyd homage vnto the same King Edwarde Etheldred brother of thys Edwarde succéeded next ouer Englande against whome Swayn kyng of Denmarke conspired with this last Malcolme then king of Scots But shortly after this Malcolme sorowfully submitted himself into the defence of Etheldred who considering how that which coulde 〈◊〉 be amended must only be repented benignelye receyued him by helpe of whose seruice at last Etheldred recouered hys realme againe out of the handes of Swayn and reigned ouer the whole Monarchy eyght thirtie yeares Edmund surnamed Ironside sonne of this Etheldred was next king England in whose tyme Canutus a Dane inuaded the realme with much crueltie but at last he marryed w t Emme sometime wyfe vnto Etheldred and mother of this Edmund which Emme as arbitratrix betwéene hir naturall loue to the one and 〈…〉 procured such 〈…〉 them in the ende that 〈…〉 the realme with Canutus kéeping to himselfe all 〈…〉 all the râ—… 〈…〉 Humber with the seignorie of Scotlande to this Canutus â–ª whervpon Malcolme then king of Scottes after a little customable resistâ—…nce dyd homage to the same Canutus for kingdome of ScotlaÌ„d and thus the sayde Canutus helde the same ouer of this Edmond king of Englande by the lyke seruices This Canutus in memorie of his victorie and glorie of his seignorie ouer the Scottes commaunded this Malcolme their king to buylde a Church in Bâ—…hâ—…haâ—… in Scotland where a fielde betwéene him and them waâ—… fought to be dedicate to Olâ—…uâ—… patrone of Norway and Denmark which Church was by the same Malcolme accordingly perfourmed Edwarde called the confessour sonne of Etheldred and brother to Edmond Ironside was afterward king of england He toke froÌ„ Malcolme king of Scottes his lyfe and hys kingdome and made Malcolme sonne to the king of Cumbrelande and Northumbrelandâ—… king of Scottes who dyd him hâ—â—age and fealtie Thys Edwarde perused the olde lawes of the realme and somewhat added to some of them as to the lawe of Edgar for the wardshippe of the landes vntyll the heirs shoulde accomplishe the age of one twentie yeares he added that the marryage of such heire shoulde also belong to the Lorde of whom the same lande was holden Also that euery woman marrying a frée man shoulde notwithstanding she had no children by that husbande enioye the thirde part of his inheritaunce during hir lyfe with many other lawes which the same Malcolme king of Scottes obeyed And which aswel by them in Scotlande as by vs in Englande be obserued to this day and directly prooueth the whole to be then vnder his obeysaunce By reason of this law Malcolme the sonne of Duncane next inheritour to the crowne of Scotlande being within age was by the nobles of Scotlande deliuered as warde to the custome of this king Edwarde during whose minoritie one Makebeth a Scot trayterously vsurped the crowne of Scotland against whom this king Edward made warre in which the said Makebeth was ouercome and slayne whervpon y e said Malcolme was crowned king of Scottes at Stone in the viij yere of the reigne of this king Edward Thys Malcolme by 〈◊〉 of the sayde nâ—… 〈…〉 of wardship was marryed vnto Margarâ—â— the daughter of Edward sonne of Edmond Ironside and Agatha by the disposition of the same king Edward and at his ful age dyd homage to this king Edward for this kingdome of Scotland Moreouer Edwarde of Englande hauing 〈…〉 of his body and mistrusting that Marelde the sonne of 〈…〉 of the daughter of Harolde Hâ—â—efoote 〈…〉 worlde 〈…〉 the raâ—…ne if he should 〈◊〉 it to his cosin Edgar Edâ—â—â—g being theÌ„ within age and 〈◊〉 by the peticion of his 〈◊〉 â—â—ctes â—…â—…ho before had â—…rne neuer to receiue 〈…〉 writing as all 〈◊〉 clergy writers affirme 〈◊〉 the crowd of great Britaine vnto William their duke of Normandie and to his heires constituting hâ—… his heire testamentarie Also there was proximiteâ—… in bloude betwéene theÌ„ for Emme daughter of Richarde duke of Normandye was wife vnto Etheldred 〈◊〉 whom he begat Aâ—â—red and able Edwardâ—… and this William was sonne of Robert sonne of Richarde brother of the whole bloud to in the same Eâ—â—e whereby appeareth that this William was Heire by tytle and not by 〈◊〉 albeit that partly to extinguish the mistrust of other tytles and partely for the glory of hys 〈◊〉 he chalenged in the ende the name of a 〈◊〉 hath bene so written euer fithâ—…s his aâ—…riâ—…ll This king William called the
the March to haue their homages released whose good will therin they obtayned so that for the same release they shoulde pay to thys king Edward thirtie thousand poundes sterling in thrée yeares next following that is to say tenne thousand pounde sterling yearely But bicause the nobilitie commons of this realme woulde not by parliament consent vnto it their king being within age the same release procéeded not albeit the Scottes ceased not their practises with thys Quéene and Earle But before those three yeres in which their money if y e bargaine had taken place shoulde haue béene payed were exspired our king Edwarde inuaded Scotlande and ceased not the warre vntill Dauid the sonne of Robert le Bruse then by their election king of scotlande absolutelye submytted hymselfe vnto hym But for that the sayde Dauid Bruse had before by practise of the Quéene and the Earle of Marche marryed Iane the sister of this king Edward he mooued by naturall zeale to his sister was contented to giue the realme of scotlande to this Dauid Bruse to the heires that shoulde be degotten of the body of the sayde Iane sauing the reuersion and meane homages to this king Edwarde and to his owne children wherewith the same Dauid Bruse was right well contented and therevpon immediately made his homage for scotlande vnto him Howbeit shortly after causelesse conteyning cause of displeasure this Dauid procured to disolue this same estate taâ—…ly and thervpon not onely rebelled in scotlande but also inuaded englande whylest king Edwarde was occupyed about hys warres in France But this Dauid was not onely expelled englaÌ„d in th end but also thinking no place a sufficient defence to his vntrueth of his owne accorde fled out of scotlaÌ„d wherby the couÌ„treis of Annandale Gallaway Mars Teuydale Twedale and Ethrike were seased into the king of englandes handes and new Marches set betwéene englande and scotland at Cockburnes pathe and Sowtry hedge which wheÌ„ this Dauid weÌ„t about to recouer againe his power was discomfited and himself by a few englishmen taken and brought into englande where he remayned prysoner eleuen yeres Duryng thys tyme kyng Edwarde enioyed Scotlande peaceably and then at the contemplacion and wery suite of his sorowfull sister wyfe of this Dauid he was contented once againe to restore him to the kingdome of Scotlande wherevpon it was concluded that for this rebellion Dauid shoulde paye to king Edward the somme of one hundred thousande markes sterling and thereto destroy all his holdes and fortresses standing agaynst the english borders further assure the crowne of scotland to the children of thâ—â— kyng Edward for lacke of heire of his owâ—â— bodye all which thinges he dyd accordingly And for the better assurance of his obeisance also he afterward deliuered into the haÌ„ds of king Edward sundry noble men of scotlaÌ„d in this behalf as his pledges And this is the effect of the history of Dauid touching his dâ—â—lings now let vs sée what was done by Edwarde Bailioll whereof our Chronicles doe make report as followeth In y e yere of our lord 1326. Edward y e third king of england was crowned at Westminster and in the 5. yere of his reigne Edward Bailiol right heire to y e kingdome of scotlaÌ„d came in claymed it as due to him Sundry lordes and gentlemen also which had title to diuers landes there either by themselues or by their wiues did y e like wherupoÌ„ the sayde Bailiol they went into scotland by sea and landing at Kinghorne with 3000. Englishmen discomfited 10000. Scottes and slewe 1200. and theÌ„ went forth to Dunfermeline where the scots assembled against them with 40000. men and in the feast of s Laurence at a place called Gastmore or otherwyse Gladmore were slaine v. Erles xiij BaroÌ„s a hundred and thrée score knightes two M. men of armes and many other in all xl M. and there were slaine on the english part but xiij persons only In the eight yere of the raign of kyng Edward he assembled a great hoste and came to Barwike vpon Twéede laid siege thereto To him also came Edward Bailiol king of scots w t a great power to strength aide him against the scottes who came out of scotland in foure battailes well armed and arayed Edwarde kyng of england and Edwarde king of scottes apparelled their people either of them in foure battailes and vppon Hâ—…lidon hyll beside Barwike met these two hostes and there were discomfited of y e scots xxv M. and vij C. whereof were slayne viij erles a thousand and thrée hundred knightes and gentlemen This victory done the kyng returned to Barwike and the towne wyth the castell were yelded vp vnto him In the eyght yeare of the reigne of king Edward of englande Edward Bailiol kyng of scottes came to Newcastell vpon tine and dyd homage In the yeare of our Lorde 1346. Dauid Bruys by exhortacion of the king of France rebelled and came into england with a great hoste vnto Neuilles crosse But the Archbishoppe of Yorke with diuers temporall men fought w t him and the said king of scots was takeÌ„ and William earle Duglas Morrise earle of Strathorne were brought to LondoÌ„ many other Lords slayne which wyth Dauid dyd homage to Edward king of england And in the thirtie yere of the kings reigne and the yeare of our Lorde 1355. the scottes wanne the towne of Barwicke but not the Castell Hereupon the king came thither w t a great hoste and anone the towne was yéelden without any resistance Edwarde Bailiol considering that God dyd so many marueylous gracious thinges for kyng Edwarde at his owne will gaue vp the crowne and the realme of scotland to king Edwarde of england at Rokesborough by his letters patents And anon after the king of england in presence of all his Lordes spirituall and temporall let crowne himselfe kyng there of the realme of scotlande and ordayned all thinges to hys intent and so came ouer in englande Richarde the sonne of Edward called the blacke prince sonne of this kyng Edward was next king of Englande who for that the sayde Iane the wyfe of the sayde king Dauyd of Scotland was dâ—â—â—â—ed without issue and being enformed how 〈◊〉 Scottes deuised to their vttermost power to breake the limitacion of this inheritance touching y e crowne of scotland made forthwith war against theÌ„ wherin he brent EdeÌ„brough spoyled all their countrey tooke all their holdes and maintained continually warre against them vnto his death which was Anno domi M.CCC.xcix Henry the fourth of that name was next kyng of englande he continued these warres begun against them by king Richard ceassed not vntyll Robert king of scots the third of y e name resigned hys crowne by appointment of this kyng Henry and deliuered hys sonne Iames beyng then of the age of nyne yeares into his handes to remayne at his custodie wardship and disposition as of his superiour Lord according to the olde lawes of king Edwarde the
these were comparable to the greatest of those which stand in our tyme for sith that in those dayes the most part of the Islande was reserued vnto pasture Greatâ—… cities 〈◊〉 times 〈◊〉 when hâ—…bands also 〈◊〉 Citizens â—…cause 〈◊〉 inâ—… of â—…ges the townes and villages eyther were not at all but all sortes of people dwelled in the cities indifferentlye an Image of which estate may yet be séene in Spaine or at the lest wise stoode not so thick as they dyd afterward in the time of the Romaines but chiefely after the comming of the Saxons and Normans wheÌ„ euery Lord buylded a church neare vnto his owne mansion house are imputed the greatest part of his lands vnto sundrie tennants wherby the number of townes and villages was not a little increased among vs. If any man be desirous to know the names of those auncient cities that stoode in the time of the Romainâ—… he shall haue them here at hand in such wise as I haue gathered them out of our writers obseruing euen their maner of writing of theÌ„ so neare as to me is possible 1. London otherwise called Trenouanton Cair Lud. Londinum or Longidinium Augusta of the legion Augusta that soiourned there when the Romaines ruled here 2 Yorke otherwise called Cairbranke Vrouicum or Yurewijc Eorwijc Yeworwijc Eboracum Victoria of the legion victrix that laye there sometime 3. Cantorbury Duroruerno alias Duraruenno Dorobernia Cantwarbyry 4. Colchester Cair Colon. Cair Colden Cair Colkin Cair Colun of the riuer that runneth thereby Colonia of the Colonia plâ—â—ted there Coloncester Camulodunum 5. Lincolne Cair Lud Coit of the woodes that stoode about it Cair loichoiâ—… by Corruption Lindum Lindocollinum 6. Warwijc Cair Guteclin Cair Line Cair Gwair Cair vmber Cair Gwaerton 7. Chester vppon Vske Cair legion Carlheon Cairlium Legecester Ciuitas legionum 8. Carleill Cair Lueill Cair Leill Lugibalia 9. S. Albanes Cair Maricipit Cair Municip Verolamium Verlamcester Cair wattelin of the streete whereon it stoode 10. Winchester Cair Gwent Cair Gwin Cair Wine Venta Simenorum 11. Cisceter Cair Chume Cair Kyrne Cair Kerâ—… Cair Cery Cirnecester Churnecester 12. Silcester Cair Segent Selecester 13. Bathe Cair Badon Thermae Aquae solis 14. Shaftesbyry Cair paladoâ—â— Septonia 15. worcester Wigornia Cair Gworangon Brangonia Caer Frangon Woorkecester 16. Chichester Cair Key Cair Chic 17. Bristow Cair Odernâ—…nt Badon Oder Cair Brâ—â— Venta Belgarâ—â—â— Brightstow 18. Rochest Durobrenis coâ—…ruptly Roficester Roffa 〈◊〉 Dubobrus Duâ—…obâ—…ius 19. Fortchester Cair Peris Cair poreâ—…s 20. Cairmarden Cair Maridunum Cair Merdine Maridunum Cair Marlin Cair Fridhin 21. Glocester Cair Clowy Cair Glow Claudiocestria 22. Leircester Cair Leir Cair Lirion Wirall teâ—…te math west 895. 23. Cambridge Cair Graunt * 24. Cair vrnach 25. Cair Cucurat 26. Cair Draiton 27. Cair Celennon 28. Cair Megwaid As for Cair Dorme another whereof I read likewsie it stood somewhere vpon Nen in Huntingdon shire but nowe vnknowen sith it was twise raced to the grounde first by the Saxons then by the Danes so that the ruines therof are not extaunt to be séene And in like sort I am ignoraunt where they stood When Albane was martyred Asclepiodotus was Legate in Britaine that are noted the star It should séeme when these auncient cities flourished that the same towne which we nowe call Saint Albons did most of all excell but chiefely in the Romaines time and was nothing inferiour to London if self but rather preferred before it bycause it was newer a colony of the Romaines wheras the other was old and ruinous and inhabited only by the Britaines Good notice hereof also is to be taken by Mathew paris other before him out of whose wrytings I haue thought good to note a fewe thinges whereby the maiesty of thys auncient citie may appeare vnto posterity and the former estate of Verlamcester not lie altogither as it hath done hitherto raked vp in forgetfulnesse thorowe the negligence of such as might haue deserued better of theyr successours by leauing the description thereof in a booke by it selfe sith many particulers thereof were written to their hands that nowe are lost and perished Tacitus in the fouretéenth booke of hys historie maketh mencion of it shewyng that in the rebellion of the Brytons the Romaines there were myserablye distressed Eadem clades sayth he municipio Verolamio fuit and herevpon Nennius in his Cataloge of cities calleth it Cair Minucip as I before haue noted Ptolomy speaking of it Sulomaca and Barnet all one or not far in sunder doth place it among the Catyeuchlanes but Antoninus maketh it one and twentie Italyan myles from London placing Sullomaca nyne myle from thence wherby it is euident that Sullomaca stood very néere to Barnet if it were not the same Of the coÌ„passe of the walles of Verolamium there is yet some mencyon by the ruines but of y e beauty of the citye it selfe you shal partly vnderstand by y t which followeth at hand In the time of King Edgar it fell out that one Eldred was Abbot there who being desirous to enlarge that house it came into his mynde to search about in the ruines of Verolamium which nowe was ouerthrowâ—â— by the fury of the saâ—…ons Danes to sée if 〈◊〉 might there come by any curious péeces 〈◊〉 worke wherewith to garnishe hys buylding taken in hand To be short he had no 〈◊〉 begonne to digge among the râ—…bbis but 〈◊〉 founde an exceeding number of Pillers pâ—â—ces of Antique worke thresholdes doore frames and sundry other péeces of â—â—ne masâ—â—ry for windowes and such lyke very coâ—â—meÌ„t for his purpose Of these also some 〈◊〉 of porphirite stone some of dyuers kyndes of marble touch and Alablaster beside many curious deuises of harde mettall in fynding whereof he thought himselfe an happy man and his successe to be greatlye guyded by s Albane Besides these also he found sundry pyllers of Brasse and socketes of Latton al which he laide aside by great heapes determinyng in the ende I say to laye the foundation of a newe Abbaie but God so preuented his determinatioÌ„ that death tooke him awaye before his buylding was begon After him succéeded one Eadmerus who prosequuted the dooinges of Eldrede to the vttermost and therefore not onely perused what he had left with great diligence but also caused his pioners to searche yet farder with in y e olde walles of Verolamium where they not onely found infinite péeces of excellent workemanship but came at the last to certaine vaultes vnder the ground in which stoode dyuers Idolles and not a fewe aultars very supperstitiouslye religiouslye adourned as the Paganes left theÌ„ belike in tyme of necessytie These Images were of suÌ„dry mettals some of pure gold their aulters likewise were rychly couered all which ornamentes Edmerus tooke away and not only conuerted them to other vse in his building but also destroyed an innumerable sort of other ydols whose estimation consisted in their formes substaunces could doe no seruice
the whole historie but where other haue by diligent search tryed out the continuance of euery gouernors raigne and reduced the same to a likelyhoode of some conformitie I haue thought best to follow the same leauing the credite thereof with the firste Authours as I haue sayd before Mulmuâ—…ius the first crowned King of Britayne M.W. â—…awes made He also made many good lawes the whyche were long after vsed called Mulmutius lawes turned out of the Brittish speech into the Latine by Gildas Priscus and long time after traÌ„slated out of Latine into Englishe by Alfrede Kyng of England and mingled in his estatutes Moreouer this Mulmutius gaue priuileges to Temples to ploughes to Cities and to high wayes leading to the same so that whosoeuer fled to them should be in safegard from bodily harme and from thence he might depart into what couÌ„trey he would without indemnitie of his person Some authors write Caxton and â—…olicron that hee began to make the foure great high wayes of Britayne the whyche were finished by his sonne Belinus as after shall be declared The Chronicle of EnglaÌ„d affirmeth that this Mulmutius whom y e olde booke nameth Molle builded y e two townes Malmesbery Malmesbery â—…nd the Viâ—…s â—…uilt the Vies After he had established his land set his Britons in good conuenient order The first King that was crowâ—…ed with a goldeÌ„ Crowne he ordeyned him by y e aduice of his Lords a Crowne of golde and caused himselfe with great soleÌ„nitie to be Crowned according to the custome of the Pagan laws then in vse and bycause he was the first that bare Crowne heere in Britayne after the opinion of some writers he is named the first King of Britayne and al the other before rehearsed are named Rulers Dukes or Gouernors Amongst other of his ordinances Polid. Weightes and measures Theft punished Fab. he appoynted weightes and measures with the which men should buy sell And further he deuised sore and streight orders for the punishing of theft Finally after he had guided the land by the space of fortie yeeres he died and was buried in the foresayde Temple of peace which he had erected within the citie of Troynouant nowe called London as before ye haue heard Appoynting in his life tyme that his kingdome should be deuided betwixt his two sonnes Brennus Belinus as some men do coniecture Belinus and Brennus the sonnes of Mulmucius In the meane time Brenne aduertized hereof assembled a great nauie of Ships well furnished with people and Souldiers of the Norwegians with the whiche he tooke his course homewardes but in the way he was encountred by Guilthdacus king of Denmarke Guilthdacus King of Denmarke the whiche had layen loÌ„g in awaite for him bycause of y e yong Lady whiche Bren had married for whom he had bin a sutor to hir father Elsing of long time WheÌ„ these two fleetes of y e Danes NorwegiaÌ„s met there was a sore battell betwixte them but finally the Danes ouercame them of Norway and tooke y e Ship wherein the new Bride was conueyed and then was she brought aboorde y e Ship of Guilthdachus Brenne escaped by flighte as well as hee might But when Guilthdachus had thus obtained the victory pray sodaynly thervpon rose a sore teÌ„pest of winde weather A tempest which escattered the Danishe fleete and put the King in daunger to haue bin lost but finally within fiue dayes after Guithdachus â—…anded in the North. being driuen by force of winde he landed in Northumberland with a fewe suche Shippes as kept togither with him When Beline had thus expelled his brother and was alone possessed of all the land of Brittaine he firste confirmed the lawes made by hys father and for so much as the foure wayes begun by his father were not brought to perfection The foure high wayes finished hee therefore caused workmen to be called foorth and assembled whom he set in hand to paue the sayde wayes with stone for the better passage and ease of all that should trauell through the countreyes from place to place as occasioÌ„ shuld require The first of these foure wayes is named Fosse The Fosse stretcheth from the South into the North beginning at y e corner of Totnesse in Cornewaile so passing forth by Deuonshire and Somersetshire by Tutbery on Cotteswold then forwarde beside Couentrie vnto Leicester from thence by wilde playnes toward Newarke Watling Streete endeth at the Citie of Lincoln The second way was named Watling streete the which stretcheth ouerthwart the Fosse out of the Southeast into the Northeast beginning at Douer and passing by the middle of Kent ouer Thames beside London by West of Westminster as some haue thought so forth by S. Albanes by y e West side of Dunstable Stratford Toucester and Wedon by south of Lilleborne by Atherston Gilberts hill that nowe is called the Wreken and so forth by Seuerne passing beside Worcester vnto Stratton to the middle of Wales and so vnto a place called Cardigan at the Irish sea â—…ing street The thirde waye was named Erming-streete the which stretched out of the west northwest vnto the east southeast and begynneth at Monenia the which is in Saint Dauids lande in west Wales and so vnto Southampton â—…nelstreete The fourth and last way hight Hikenelstreete which leadeth by Worcester Winchcomb Birmingham Lichfield Darby Chesterfielde and by Yorke and so forth vnto Tinmouth â—…iuiledges â—…unted to 〈◊〉 wayes And after he had caused these wayes to be wel and sufficiently reysed and made hee confirmed vnto them all suche priuileges as were graunted by his father In this meane tyme that Beline was thus occupied about the necessarie affayres of his realm and kingdome his brother Brenne that was fled into Gallia onely with .xij. persons bycause hee was a goodly Gentleman and seemed to vnderstande what apperteyned to honour grew shortly into fauor with Seginus the Duke afore mentioned and declaring vnto him his aduersitie and the whole circumstaunce of his mishap at length was so highly cherished of the sayde Seginus deliting in such worthie qualities as he saw in him dayly appearing â—…renne maryâ—…th the duke of â—…he Alobroges daughter that he gaue to him his daughter in maryage with condition that if he dyed without issue Male then shoulde he inherite his estate and Dukedome and if it happened him to leaue and heyre Male behinde him then shoulde he yet helpe him to recouer his lande and dominion in Brytaine bereft froÌ„ him by his brother These conditions well and surely vppon the Dukes part by the assent of the Nobles of his lande concluded ratified and assured the sayde Duke within the space of one yeare after dyed And then after a certaine time it beeing knowne that the Duches was not with childe all the Lords of that Countrey did homage vnto Bren receyuing him as their Lorde and supreme
sayde Charles reedified the Citie of Florence Florence is reedified appoynting this William to be his Lieutenant in Tuscane and to haue the chiefe charge for the restoring of the sayde Citie which he wyth suche diligence applyed Willi◅ Lieutenant of Tuscane that wythin short tyme the same was not onely fortified wyth newe walles repayred and replenished with great numbers of houses Churches and other beautifull buildings but also peopled and furnished with Citizens a great companie of Nobles and gentlemen being called thither out of euerie Citie and towne thereaboutes for that purpose The Citie being thus restored vnto hir former state and dignitie through the bounteous benefite of king Charles and the diligent administration of his Lieutenant the foresayde William the Citizens to shew themselues thankefull deuised for a perpetuall memorie to beare in theyr armes a redde Lillie resembling one of those which the kings of Fraunce giue The armes of Florence saue that it differeth in colour to testifie thereby that their Citie after the destruction thereof by the Gothes was reedified and restored to the former dignitie by the benefite of the french men Thus this valiant Captain the foresayd Lord William passing his time in noble exercises and worthie feates of chiualrie vnder king Charles is accounted in the number of those .xij. martiall warriours whiche are called commonly by the Scottish men Scottesgylmore Scottesgylmore And for that he was continually occupied in warres he was neuer maried William vnmaried maketh Christ his heyre Monasteries of Scotishmen in Germanie wherevpō growing in age and purposing to make Christ his heyre he buylded diuerse Abbayes and monasteries both in Italy Germanie richly indowing y e same with landes and rents sufficient for the finding of such number of Monkes as he appoynted to be in the sayd Abbayes wherein none might be admitted according to the auncient ordinance by him deuised except he were a Scottish man borne In witnesse of which ordinance there are sundrie of these houses remayning in Almaigne euen vnto this daye nothing chaunged from the first order or institution Before the accomplishment of these things by the aforesayde Lorde William brother as is said vnto the Scottish king Achaius I finde that the Vniuersities of Paris and Pauia were instituted by king Charles chiefly by the helpe and meanes of those two foremēbred learned Scottish men Iohn and Clement The Vniuersitie of Paris and Pauia insomuch that Clemēt was appoynted chiefe president of all the studentes at Paris and Iohn of the other at Pauia But now to returne to the other doings of Achaius ye shall vnderstande Adelstane entreth into Deira that about the same time or not muche differing from the same Adelstane the sonne of Ethelwoolfe king of west Saxons taking vpō him the dominion of Kent East Saxon Mertia and Northumberlande whome Egbert his grandfather had receyued into his gouernment desirous nowe to enlarge his kingdome entred into that part of the Pictish dominion whiche aunciently hight Deira and conteined the Marches about Barwike alledging how the same apperteyned to his kingdome of Northumberlande and had bene fraudulently taken from his auncesters by the Picts but forsomuch as there was a commotion reysed the same time in Mertia he was called backe to appease it Deira wasted by sire and sworde and herevpon putting all to the fire and sworde in Deira sauing suche prisoners as hee brought away with him he returned Hungus the Pictish king sore stomaking this iniurious enterprise of the Englishmen determined to reuenge the same in all possible hast therfore made instant sute vnto Achaius who had maried his sister to haue his ayde against them Hungus ayded with Scottish men inuadeth Northumberlande Achaius of his owne accorde minding to doe the English men a displeasure sent forthwith vnto Hungus to the number of ten thousand men With which and with his owne power King Hungus inuaded the borders of Northumberland fetching from thence a great bootie of goods prisoners He warred without slaughter and burning but yet he forbare slaughter of men and burning of houses for a reuerence whiche hee had as is supposed towardes the Christian religion Athelstane persueth Hungus Athelstane being certified hereof omitting his iourney into Mertia turned al his power against the Picts hearing that they were withdrawne into theyr Countrey he followed them so neare at the heeles that very earely in one morning he was vpon their backes where they lodged by a brooke side not passing two miles from Haddington before they had any knowledge of hys approche Athelstane vpon a fierce courage hauing thus founde his enimies according to his wished desire and herewith comming vpon them in suche order of battaile as they had no way forth to escape without fight Athelstane his cruel proclamation hee commaunded a proclamation to be made by one of his Heralds that all the whole number of the Pictes shoulde passe by the edge of the sworde The Pictes thus seeing theyr enimyes at hande The Pictes are amazed and hearing of thys cruell commaundement were wonderfully amazed wyth the straungenesse of the thing and oppressed so wyth feare that they wyst not what might bee best for them to do At length The Picts entrench their campe by commaundement of Hungus theyr King they fell vnto fortifying of theyr campe but yet they quickly perceyued howe that it woulde not long preuayle them considering that theyr enimyes had gotten into theyr handes not onelye all the spoyle whiche they had brought wyth them oute of Northumberlande but also all other theyr prouision trusse and baggage which they had left in a field there adioining vnto the side of their campe Herevpon manye reasons were put forth amongest them which way they might escape out of that present daunger In whiche meane tyme Athelstane hauing brought his people into good order of battaile Athelstane doth chalenge his enimie prouoked the Pictes to come forth of theyr strength into the playne fielde there to trie their forces But for that daye no notable thing was done the Pictes keeping themselues still within theyr campe In the night following The Pictes prepare themselues vnto battaile after sundrie consultatiōs had amongst thē it was agreed by general consent that the next day they should giue battail to the English men And so herevpon preparing themselues for the purpose euen vpon the breake of the day forwarde they make towardes their enimies wich fierce willes specially encouraged thereto by the comfortable wordes of Hungus The English men are put to flight The Englishmen halfe amazed at the hardie approch and onset of the Pictes were not long able to susteyne their sore impression so that beginning somewhat to sway at length they were forced to flie vnto the place where ye heard howe they tooke the baggage and spoyle of the Pictishe campe were they were beaten downe in greater numbers than before insomuch that such
that Countrey After this sturre another followed farre more daungerous to the whole estate of the common wealth An other comm◅tion in Mernes by Cruthlint reysed by one Cruthlint one of the chiefest Lords of y e Mernes who was sonne vnto a certaine Lady named Fenella the daughter of one Cruthneth that was gouernour of that part of Angus which lyeth betwixt the two riuers the one called south Eske and the other north Eske Cruthlint wēt to see his grād father So it chaunced that on a time Cruthlint came vnto the Castell of Delbogin to see his Grandfather the sayde Cruneth as then lying in the same where vpon light occasion a fray was begon amongest the seruing men Two of his seruants were slaine in the which two of Cruthlints seruantes fortuned to be slaine which iniury when Cruthlynt declared by waye of complaynt vnto hys Grandfather he was so slenderly heard and answered in such reprochful wise as though he himselfe had beene the authour of the businesse that Crunethes seruants perceiuing how little he was regarded of their maister They set vpon Cruthlint also fell vpon him and beate him that not without daunger of life he brake forth of their handes and hardly escaped away In his returne homewardes he came to his mother Fencila where she lay within the Castell of Fetthircarn y e chiefest fortresse of all the Mernes Cruthlint was instigated to reuenge Where being incensed through his mothers instigation being a woman of a furious nature he attempted forthwith to be reuenged of the iniurie receyued so that assembling a number of his friendes and kinsfolke so secretly as he might togither with a band of the inhabitāts of y e Mernes he entreth into Angus He killed all them that were in the Castell and cōming vnto the castell of Delbogin in the night season was suffred to enter by the keepers of the gate nothing suspecting any treason in the worlde by reason whereof was Cruneth sodainly oppressed the house sacked and rased not one that was founde within the same being left aliue The spoyle also was deuided by Cruthlynt amongst them which came with him The Countrey is forrayed The next day likewise he forrayed the Countrey all there aboutes returning home with a great bootie The king had no sooner made an ende of his long oration The Peeres of the realme did willingly graunt to his request which he handled after the pithiest sort he coulde but that diuerse of the noble men which were there amongst other being made priuie to the matter aforehande mocioned meanes to haue Malcolme the sonne of Kenneth created Prince of Cumberlande that hee might so haue an entrance to the crowne after the deceasse of his father This motion by and by was in many of their mouthes whiche Kenneth perceyuing requyred of the most auncient Peeres whom they would name to be Prince of Cumberlande that there might be a meane to radifie and cōfirme the league betwixt the Scottes and Englishe men Cōstantine the sonne of king Cullen and Grime the nephew of king Duffe by his brother Mogal howbeit by the force of y e former law they might by good reason haue looked to haue had the preferment themselues yet perceyuing it was in vaine to denie that which would be had by violence although they should neuer so much stand agaynst it being first demaunded of the Heralde what they thought The Heralde required Constantine hys voice first they answered notwithstanding agaynste theyr myndes in deede that the king might order all things as should stande with his pleasure Constantine his saying appoynting whome he thought moste meetest to be Prince of Cumberlande and to abrogate the auncient lawe of creating the kings in deuising newe ordinances for the same as should seeme vnto him those of his counsel most requisite and necessarie The multitude well pleased crie Malcolm The multitude then following their sentence cryed with lowde and vndiscrete voyces to haue Malcolme the sonne of king Kenneth created Prince of Cumberlande And thus the same Malcolme though as yet vnderage was by the voyces of the people ordeyned Prince of Cumberlande in place of the other Malcolme sonne to king Duffe The day following the Ambassadors comming into the Counsell chamber heard what was decreed touching their request and then being highly rewarded of the kings bounteous liberalitie they returned into Englande and Malcolm with them to be acquainted with king Edwarde and to doe his homage for the Principalitie of Cumberlande as the custome was At the same time also there was a newe acte deuised and made A new act for the succession of the crowne the olde being abrogated by the appoyntment of the king for the creation of the Scottish kings in time to come many of the nobles rather consenting with silence than greatly allowing it either in heartes or voyces though some currifauours among them set forwarde the matter to the best of their powers The Articles of this ordinance were these Articles concluded in that Parliament The eldest heire male of the deceassed king whether the same were sonne or nephew of what age soeuer he should be yea though he shoulde be in the mothers womb at the time of y e fathers decease should from thenceforth succeed in the kingdome of Scotlande The nephew by the sonne shoulde be preferred before the nephew by the daughter in atteyning to the heritage of the crowne And likewise the brothers sonne should be admitted before the sisters sonne The same law should be obserued of all such of the Scottish nation as had any landes or inheritance comming to them by discent Where the king by this meanes chaunced to be vnder age and not able to rule there should be one of the chiefest peeres of the Realme chosen and elected to haue the gouernance of his person and Realme till he came to .xiiij. yeares of age The which fourtenth yeare of his age beeing accomplished he shoulde haue the administration committed to his owne handes The heyres of al other persons of eche estate and degree should remaine vnder the wardship of their appoynted gouernours till they came to the age of .xxj. yeares and not till then to meddle with any part of their landes and liuings These lawes and ordinances being once published and confirmed King Kenneth supposed the kingdome to bee fully assured vnto him and hys posteritie King Kenneth ministered iustice truly and there vpon endeuoured himselfe to winne the heartes of the people with vpright administration of iustice The good will of the nobility he bought with giftes and the fauour of the nobles he sought to purchase with great gifts which he bestowed amongst them aswell in landes belonging to the crowne as in other things greatly to their contentation Thus might he seeme happie vnto all men hauing the loue both of his Lordes and commons The king had a guiltie conscience but yet to himself he
contented to haue so the same might be concluded with his honor saued for surely warres he neuer desired but onely in defence of his good title right which he had to the crowne descended vnto him by the olde lawes and auncient ordinances of the realm therefore he purposed not to leaue the same with life but to fight for it agaynst Malcolme and all his partakers euen vnto death But if it were so that Malcolme would content himselfe with the principalitie of Cumberland so thervpon breake vp his campe and depart forth of the lands perteyning to the crown he woulde gladly com to a cōmunication with him for peace but if Malcolme refused thus to do he assured him that he woulde not leaue off to pursue him to the vttermost of his power as his most cruel and fierce enimie Fothadus hauing heard Grymes wordes besought hym to stay a tyme tyll hee myght goe vnto Malcolme to vnderstande what hys full mynde was in this behalfe not doubting but to finde him conformable vnto any reasonable motion for relieuing of the poore afflicted state of the lande Fothadus goeth vnto Malcolme Gryme graunting to this request Fothadus in like sort and habite as he came vnto Gryme went vnto Malcolme whome he founde at Sterling Where comming before his presence wyth a long Oration hee greatly bewayled the dolorous calamityes of the Scottish common weale into the which it was fallen through ciuil sedition only and herewith declared also by great likelyhoodes of substantial reasons how infortunate and miserable the ende should be of the warres if the same were pursued to the vttermost His tale being throughly heard and well disgested wrought so with Malcolme that he promised to withdraw into Cumberlande withoute any further attempt Malcolmes offer if Grime would in like case breake vp his camp and agree to haue a truce for three Monethes space in which meane time they might by certaine commissioners appointed and authorised therto talk and cōmon for concluding of a finall peace and concord betwixt them Grime refused not this offer Gryme is contented with Malcolmes motion and so therevpon lycensed his people to depart to their homes repairing himselfe with certaine of his nobles into Angus vnto the Castell of Forfair there to take further aduice what was to be done touching the appoynted communication of peace But Fothadus would in no wise rest Fothadus his diligence to procure the parties to agreement tyll the commissioners were met and assembled togither in communication at Scone where within fewe dayes after chiefly through his earnest diligence peace was concluded with these conditions First that Grime during his life time The conditions of the peace betwixt Gryme and Malcolme shoulde enioy the crowne and after his deceasse the same to remaine vnto Malcolm and his heires by lineal discent for euer according to the ordinance and decree made established by king Kenneth And whosoeuer shoulde goe about eyther by worde or deed to impeach or hinder the said ordinance and decree should be reputed for a traytor to the common wealth and realme Furthermore all the landes lying betwyxt Lonthian and Northumberlande and betwixt Clyde and Westmerland euen from the Almain seas to the Irish seas shoulde presently remaine and be transported vnto the dominion gouernment of Malcolme with the whiche contenting himselfe during the naturall life of Gryme hee should cōtinue in friendship with the said Grime and so in no wise stirre or moue any warre or debate eyther against him or any of his friends for if he did and went about to breake any of the articles of this peace he shoulde not onely lose those landes which he now held but also to be depriued of all the right title clayme and interest whiche either he or his posteritie might make or pretende vnto the crowne at any time hereafter When both the princes had bound themselues by solemne othes to performe euery point points in these articles comprised they layd armor aside The warres being ceassed the Princes apply their studies to refourme misdemeanors and began to take order for reforming of all misdemeanours whiche had happened within the lande by reason of the ciuill contention moued betwixt them and their partakers Howb◅eit commaundement was giuen by eyther of these Princes that their subiects should be still in a readinesse with armure weapon if need required to defend themselues against al sodaine inuasions of their neighbors wherby it may be gathered that the one had the other still in some mistrust what countenance soeuer they shewed outwardly Yet notwithstanding for the space of .viij. yeares togither the peace continued without breach or any notable trouble betwixt them King Grime his alteration from noble qualities vnto detestable vices But Gryme at length of a chaste and liberall Prince through long slouth and encrease of ryches became a most couetous tyrant and so corrupted in maners and conditions that it passed the termes of al reason and equitie insomuch that when he had put vnto death diuerse of his nobles to the ende he might haue their landes and goodes as forfeyted by attainder he oppressed the people by continuall exactious also eche day more than other His subiects being thus brought into extreme miserie through his wicked vniust gouernmēt not knowing where to seeke for redresse The common peoples praier saue only at the handes of almightie God the punisher of al sinne besought him to haue pitie of their afflictions and to chaunge the gouernment of the realm into some better estate The Lordes also hauing great indignation of the trouble fallen to the realme The Lordes require Grime to reforme the misdemeanor of his officers by the kings misgouernance and auaricious crueltie appointed a certaine number of Gentlemen to goe vnto him as Ambassadours from them to requyre him to put away from him such naughtie persons as by euill councell had peruerted his minde and moued him to do things contrary to his honour and the wealth of his realme When king Gryme had heard what message these Ambassadors had brought he answered to the same with fayned wordes willed them vnder the pretext of courtesie to a banket King Grime purposed to haue slaine the messengers in purpose to haue put them all in prison But they beeing aduertised therof got them in all hast to their horses and fled forthwith vnto Bertha where the residue of the nobles at the same time were assēbled Gryme thus hauing no regarde to the holesome aduertisement of his nobles thought that all things would come forwarde with such felicitie and happe as he wished not ceassing from raysing new payments and exactions still of his subiects till at length he was aduertised The Lordes of Scotland arrear warre against Grime their king how his nobles had raysed open warre against him at which newes being sore kindled with displeasure he got togither a great number of men
to menne of common stature as he auoucheth whereby it shoulde appeare that men in olde time were of much greater stature and quantitie of bodie than any that are to be found in these our dayes Malcolme being thus deliuered of his enimies the Danes Publike prayers caused publike prayers generally to be made throughout the realme in rendring thanks to almightie God that it had pleased him to deliuer his people from the troubles of warre The repayring of Churches He tooke order also that churches shoulde be repayred which by the enimies in time of the warres had bene destroyed The restoring of lawes and iustice And further he caused the administratioÌ„ of the lawes and holesome ordinaunces of the realme to be vsed and put in practise according to the due forme of the same which many yeares afore could haue no place by reason of the warres A parliament at Bertha He caused an assemble of all the estates of his realme to be called at Bertha a castell in those dayes standing not farre from the place where the towne of Perth nowe standeth In whiche conuention were many things enacted both for the setting foorth of Goddes honour and the weale of the realme whereby Malcolme wanne much prayse amongst his subiectes to the eternall memorie of his name After this â–ª supposing it moste honorable to aduaunce the bloud of such as had serued well in the lastâ—… 〈◊〉 or had their fathers or other frindes slaine in the same A parliament at Scone he called a parliament at Scone in the whiche causing partition to be made of the realme Diuision of the realme into Baronnies by deuiding it into Baronnies he bestowed the same amongst the nobles according to the qualitie of euery one his merites referring in maner nothing to the maintenance of the crowne common entries onely excepted with the mountayne wherein the marble chaire stood and a fewe other possessions whiche he purposed to giue vnto churches and chapels The nobles on the other parte to the â—…dâ—… the king might haue sufficient wherewith to maintayne his royall estate graunted vnto him and his successours for euer The wardship of heyres graunted to the king the custodie and wardship of theyr heyres if they chaunced to die leauing them vnder the age of .xxj. yeares 〈◊〉 the meane time till the same heyres came to the sayd age they agreed that the king his successours shoulde enioy the vse and profites of theyr landes whether they were men or women and when they came to the age of .xxj. yeares that then they should enter into the possession of their landes yeelding vnto him or his successours one yeares rent in name of a reliefe and if they chauÌ„ced not to be maried before their fathers deceasse Mariage of wardes theÌ„ also should they marie at the kings appointment or els compounde with him for the same Thus ended the parliament for that season with great ioy and comforte on eche hande for that the king had shewed suche liberall bounteousnesse towardes his Barones and they no lesse mindefull of their dueties had declared suche beneuolent hartes as appeared in that theyr free and large gifte graunted in forme and maner as before is expressed Neyther did Malcolme forget the vowe whiche he made at Murthlake when he was in daunger to haue receyued the ouerthrow at the handes of the Danes for according to the same vowe he caused a church to be buylt in the same place erecting a Bishops see there and endowed it with the landes and possessions of these three places Murthlake Cleometh and Dunmeth The sea of Murthlake otherwise Abyrden with all Ecclesiasticall iurisdictions and tithes apperteyning thereto The Bishops that sat in this see were called the Bishops of Murthlake till the dayes of king Dauid the first who chaunging the name caused them to be called the Bishops of Abyrdene augmeÌ„ting the see with sundry fayre reuenewes to the better mayntenance thereof The nobles hauing great indignation at such crueltie vsed by the king against them and theyr lynage and that vpon no iuste causes but onely vpon forged deuises The conspiracie of the scottish nobilitie against Malcolme they conspired in sundry meetings secretely appointed amongst them to finde some meanes to dispatch him out of life At length he chaunced to haue some inckling whereabout they went and doubting to fall into their handes fled for sauegarde of his lyfe vnto Glammis Malcolme slayne at GlaÌ„mis where diuers of the conspiratours were brought into his lodgyng by some of his owne householde seruantes and there slew him in reuenge of their freendes whom he before had wrongfully put to death These murtherers with their complices incontinently fled with all speede possible to auoyde further dauÌ„ger for this their act but missing their way for y t the ground was quite couered as then with snowe they finally came to the Loch of Forfayr which was the same time frosen ouer They therefore thinking to passe ouer it when they came into the midst The murtherers drowned the Ise brake vnder theÌ„ so that sinking in they were finally drowned Howbeit their bodies were afterwards draweÌ„ forth of the Loche with dragges and dismembred and the heads and quarters were sente vnto diuers townes of the realme and there hung vp for a signification of their wicked treason This was the ende of king Malcolme in the xxxij yeare of his reygne if ye recken from the death of Constantine 31. H.B. or .xxv. after the death of Grime and after the incarnation of our sauiour 1034. yeares 1040. H.B. He was buried in Colmekill with his auncetours In this season were seene many wonders and straunge sightes in Albion Straunge sightes On Christmas day there was an earthquake and a great rifte of the earth made therewith in the middest of Streuelyng towne out of the which issued such an abundant streame of water that it bare away the next wood that was adioyning vnto the ryuer of Forth In the sommer the sea rose higher and flowed further into the land than euer had bene seene at any other time On midsomer day whiche is the feast day of Saint Iohn Baptist there was suche a vehement froste that the corne and other fruytes of the earth were blasted and killed so that therevpon followed a great dearth in al the countrey Duncan AFter Malcolme succeeded his Nephew Duncan the sonne of his doughter Beatrice for Malcolme had two daughters Duncan king of Scotland y e one which was this Beatrice being giuen in mariage vnto one Abbanath Crinen a man of great nobilitie and Thane of the Isles and west partes of Scotlande bare of that mariage the foresayd Duncan The other called Doada was maried vnto Synell the Thane of Glammis by whom she had issue one Makbeth a valiant geÌ„tleman Makbeth and one that if he had not bene somewhat cruell of nature might haue bene thought most worthie the gouernmeÌ„t of
purposed intent with his trustie frendes amongst whom Banquho was the chiefest vpon confidence of theyr promised ayde Makbeth sleeth king Duncane he slewe the king at Enuernes or as some say at Botgosuane in the .vj. yeare of his reygne Then hauing a companie about him of such as he had made priuie to his enterpryce he caused himselfe to be proclaymed king Makbeth vsurpeth the crowne and foorthwith went vnto Scone where by common consent he receyued the inuesture of the kingdome according to the accustomed maner The bodie of Duncane was firste conueyed vnto Elgyne and there buried in kingly wise but afterwardes it was remoued and conueyed vnto Colmekill Duncanes buriall 1046. H.B. and there layd in a sepulture amongst his predecessours in the yeare after the birth of our Sauiour .1040 Malcolme Cammore and Donald Bane the sonnes of king Duncane Malcolme Cammore and Donald Bane flee into Cumberland for feare of theyr liues whiche they might well know y t Makbeth would seeke to bring to end for his more sure cōfirmatiō in the astate fled into Cūberlād where Malcolme remained til time that S. Edward y e sonne of king Etheldred recouered the dominion of England from the Danish power the whiche Edward receyued Malcolme by way of moste freendly entertaynement Malcolme Cāmore receiued by Edward king of England but Donald passed ouer into Ireland where he was tenderly cherished by the king of that lande When these theeues barrettours other oppressours of the innocent people were come to darreigne batell in this maner of wise as said is they were streight wayes apprehended by armed men trussed vp in halters on gibets Streight iustice according as they had iustly deserued The residue of misdoers y t were left were punished tamed in such sort that many yeares after all theft reiffings were litle heard of the people enioying the blissefull benefite of good peace and tranquillitie Makbeth shewing himselfe thus a most diligent punisher of all iniuries and wrongs attempted by any misordered persons within his realme was accompted the sure defence buckler of innocent people and hereto he also applied his whole endeuour A kingly endeuour to cause yong men to exercise themselues in vertuous maners and men of the Churche to attende their diuine seruice according to theyr vocations Iustice ministred without respect of persons He caused to be slaine sundry Thanes as of Eathnes Sutherland Stranauerne and Ros bicause through thē and their seditious attēpts much trouble dayly rose in the realme He appeased the troublesome state of Galloway and slewe one Makgill a tyraunt who had many yeares before passed nothing of the regall authoritie or power To be briefe such were the woorthy doings and princely acts of this Makbeth in the administration of the realme that if he had attayned therevnto by rightfull meanes and continued in vprightnesse of iustice as he began till the ende of his reygne he might well haue bene numbred amongst the moste noble princes that any where had reygned He made many holesome lawes statutes for the publike weale of his subiectes Lawes made by king Makbeth diuers of the whiche I haue here set foorth according as I finde them in Hector Boetius He that is within orders of the churche Liberties of thē that haue taken orders shall not be compelled to answere before a temporall iudge but be remitted to his ordinarie The tēth parte of all fruytes that encrease on the ground shal be giuen to the churche Tythes to be payde to the churche that God may be worshipped with oblations and praiers Persons accursed He that continueth obstinately in the curse of the church by the space of one whole yeare cōtemning to be reconciled shall be reputed enimie to the cōmon weale and if he perseuer with indurate minde the space of twoo yeares all his goodes shal be forfayted The order of knighthood He y t receyueth the order of knighthood shall take an othe to defend ladies virgins widowes orphans y e cōminaltie And he y t is made king shal be sworne in the semblable maner Eldest daughters The eldest daughter shall inherite hir fathers landes as well as the eldest sonne should if the father leaue no sonne bebinde him And if any woman marie with the lord of the soyle she shall lose hir heritage No man shall enioy any landes rentes offices The kings gifte or other possessions but onely by gifte and graunt of the king No offices to go by inheritance No office shall go by inheritaunce but shall still remayne at the kings free disposition as shal stande with his pleasure to assigne it Iudges No man shall sit as iudge in any temporall courte without the kings commission authorizing him thereto All conuentions offices and actes of iustice shall passe in the kings name Reteynours He that is retayned or becommeth a sworne mā to any other person saue only to y e king shall lose his life for it euery man shall be bounde to defend the king against all other creatures Raysours of the kings people or vnlawfull assembles He that rayseth the kings liege people shall lose life goodes and landes and so shall they do that assemble togither by his procurement He that attēdeth any man to the church market Wayters vpō other men or to any other publike assemble as a retaynour shall suffer death except he haue liuing at his hands on whom he so attendeth Keeping of horses A horse kept by any of the commons or husbandmen to any other vse than for tillage and laboring of the earth shal be forfayted to the king by escheate Counterfayte fooles with minstrels and such lyke Counterfeyte fooles minstrels iesters and these kinde of iuglers with such like idle persons that range abrode in the countrey hauing no special licēce of the king shal be cōpelled to learne some science or crafte to get their liuing if they refuse so to do they shal be drawen like horses in the plough and harrowes Possession of landes Though the sonne chaunce to be put in possession of his fathers lande by the kings licence during the life of his father yet shall the same landes be forfayted to the king if his father be afterwardes conuicted of treason committed against the kings person All suche women that are maried to any Lorde or Baron though shee haue no issue by him shall yet haue the thirde parte of his landes after his deceasse and the remnaunt shall go to his heyres Dowrie of wiues Mariage of Lordes and Barons All maner of Lordes and great Barons shal not contract matrimony with other vnder paine of death specially if theyr landes and rowmes lie neare togither Bearing of armour All armour and weapon borne to other effect than in defence of the king and realme in time of warres shal be confiscate to the kings vse
surnames by the name of those landes vnto the which they succeeded The afore recited Iohn Stewarde after the death of his brother Iames maried the heyre of Bonkill a virgine of great beautie and had by hyr Walter Steward that inherited the landes of Bonkill Ranfrew Rothessay Bute Walter inheritour of Bonkill c. Stewartoune after that his father the forenamed Iohn was slayne at Falkyrke He maried Mariorie Bruce daughter to king Robert Bruce King Robert the second by whom he had issue king Robert the second of that name This Robert the second tooke to wife one Isabel Mure a damosell of right excellent beutie she was daughter to sir Adham Mure knight and brought foorth issue Iohn steward otherwise Robert three sonnes and three daughters The eldest sonne hight Iohn Steward otherwise named Robert who succeeded immediatly after his fathers deceasse in gouernaunce of the crowne The second called Robert was made Earle of Fyfe and Menteith also he was created duke of Albanie Duke of Albany and ruled the realme of Scotlande vnder the name of Gouernour for the space of xv yeares The third sonne named Alexander was earle of Buchquhane and lord of Baudzenot Alexander steward sonne to king Robert the second The eldest daughter was maried to Iames that was the sonne and heyre of William Erle of Dowglas The second daughter was maried to Iohn Dunbar Iohn Dunbar brother to George of Dūbar Earle of Marche and was made to the aduancement of his further fame earle of Murray He got on hyr one onely daughter that was maried to the Dowglas and so Dowglas came to the Erledome of Murray The third daughter was maried vnto Iohn Lyoun that was after made Lorde of Glammis Moreouer the foresayde Robert that was the firste of the Stewardes whiche ware the crowne in Scotlande Ewfame maried Ewfame daughter to the Earle of Ros and got on hyr twoo sonnes Walter Earle of Atholl Walter and Dauid sonnes to king Robert Robert Duke of Albany and Dauid Earle of Stratherne This Walter solicited Robert duke of Albany to slea Dauid Steward duke of Rothsay And after that Iames the firste was returned home foorth of England Iames the first he did what he could to moue him to slea likewise all the lynage of the same Duke still beyng in hope after the dispatch of his kinsmen to come to the crowne himselfe whiche hope moued him to procure his Nephew Robert Steward Grayme or Graham Robert Grahā his daughters son to slea king Iames the first also for the which crime the same Walter was after conuicted and destroyed with all his sonnes His brother Dauid erle of Buchquhane died without issue and so the landes of bothe these bretherne returned againe to the crowne without any memory of theyr bloud Of Robert Steward duke of Albany came duke Murdo Duke Murdo who maried the Earle of Lennox daughter and got on hyr three sonnes Walter Alexander and Iames. Duke Murdo himselfe with his twoo firste sonnes were slayne at Stryueling by king Iames the first and the third brother Iames in reuenge therof brent Dunbertane and was after chased into Ireland where he deceassed without issue King Robert the thirde Robert the .iij. of that name maried Annabill Drommound daughter to sir Iohn Drōmound of Stobhall knight Dauid and Iames sonnes 〈…〉 Robert the third got on hyr Dauid Iames. The firste died in Falkeland and the other atteyned the crowne was called Iames the firste and maried the lady Iane daughter to Iohn Beauford earle of Somerset in England Iohn Beauford earle of Somerset He had by hir .ij. sonnes burne at one birth Alexander Iames. The first died yong The secōd atteyned the crowne named Iames the second Iames the first and his issue Iames the first had also .vj. daughters of the whiche the eldest was giuen in mariage to the Dolphine of Fraunce the second to the Duke of Brytayne the thirde to the Lorde of Feir the fourth to the Lorde of Dalkeith the fifth to the Earle of Huntley and the sixte had no succession The duke of Gelders daughter Iames the second maried Margaret daughter to the Duke of Gelderland and begot on hir three sonnes and two daughters The first succeeded him in the kingdome and was called Iames the thirde Iames and Alexander the second named Alexander was Duke of Albany maried firste the Erle of Orkeneys daughter and got on hyr Alexander that was after Bishop of Murray and then parting with hyr went into Fraunce where he maried the countesse of Bullogne and begot on hir Iohn Steward Duke of Albany Duke of Albany the gouernour of Scotland that was gouernour of Scotland many yeares in the minoritie of Iames the fifte The third sonne Iohn Steward was Erle of Mar whose chaunce was to be slayne in the Cannogat in a Bathefacte The lorde Boyd The first daughter of Iames the second was maried to the Lord Boyd who begot on hyr a sonne that was slayne by the Lord Mongumrie and a daughter that was maried to the Erle of Casselles After the death of the lord Boyd the husband of this first daughter of Iames the secōd she was eftsoones maried to the lord Hammylton The Lorde Hammylton and by that meanes was the house of the Hammyltons decorate with the kings bloud The other sister was maried to the lorde Creichton Lord Creichton Iames the third and his issue of whom came small succession worthy to be mencioned Iames the thirde maried Margaret daughter to the king of Denmarke Of the whiche mariage was borne Iames the fourth Alexander that was bishop of Saint Andros and Duke of Albany And Iohn Stewarde Erle of Mar but these twoo died without issue Iames the fourth maried Margaret daughter to king Henry the seuenth of England Iames the fourth and begot on hyr Iames the fifth who marying firste the Lady Magdalene daughter to Frauncis the French king had no issue by hyr for that she died in the yeare next after hyr comming into Scotland and then shortely after the sayde Iames the fifth maried the lady Mary de Lorrain Duches of Longuile a widow and by hyr had he issue Marie queene of Scotland that tooke to husbande Henry Steward lord Dernly by whom she had issue Charles Iames nowe king of Scotland But to returne vnto Makbeth in cōtinuyng the history and to beginne where I left ye shal vnderstād that after the cōtriued slaughter of Bāquho nothing prospered with the foresayde Makbeth for in maner euery man began to doubt his owne life and durst vnneth appeare in the kings presence euen as there were many that stoode in feare of him Makbethes dread so likewise stoode he in feare of many in such sorte that he began to make those away by one surmised cauillation or other His crueltie caused through feare whom he thought most able
rested a while there to refreshe them Braunches of trees hee commaunded euerye man to get a bough of some tree or other of that wood in his hand as bigge as he might beare and to march forth therwith in such wise that on the next morow they might come closely and without sight in thys manner within viewe of hys enimies On the morow when Makbeth beheld them comming in this sort hee first marueyled what the matter ment but in the end remembred himselfe that the prophecie which he had hearde long before that time of the comming of Byrnane wood to Dunsinnane Castell was likely to bee now fulfilled Neuerthelesse he brought hys men in order of battell Makbeth setteth his men in order of battel Makbeth fleeeth and is pursued of Makduffe and exhorted them to doe valiantly howbeit his enimies had scarcely cast from them their boughes when Makbeth perceiuing their numbers betook him streight to flight whom Makduffe pursued with great hatred eueÌ„ till he came vnto Lunfannain where Makbeth perceiuing that Makduffe was hard at his back leapt beside his horse saying thou traytor what meaneth it that thou shouldest thus in vaine follow me that am not appoynted to be slain by any creature that is borne of a woman come on therefore and receyue thy rewarde which thou hast deserued for thy paynes and therewithall he lyfted vp his sworde thinking to haue slaine him But Makduffe quickly auoyding from his horse ere he came at him answered with his naked sworde in his hande saying it is true Makbeth and now shall thine insatiable crueltie haue an ende for I am euen he that thy wysards haue tolde the of who was neuer borne of my mother but ripped out of hir wombe therewithall he stept vnto him slue him in the place Makbeth is slaine Then cutting his heade from the shoulders hee set it vpon a poll and brought it vnto Malcolme This was the end of Makbeth after he had raigned .xvij. yeares ouer the Scottishmen In the beginning of his raigne he accomplished many worthie actes right profitable to the common wealth as ye haue heard but afterwarde by illusion of the diuell he defamed â—…he same with most terrible crueltie He was slaine in the yeare of the incarnation 1057. and in the .xvj. 1057. Io. Ma. 1061. H.B. 8. H.B. yeare of king Edwardes raigne ouer the English men MAlcolme Cammore thus recouering the realme as ye haue hearde by support of king Edward in the .xvj. Malcolme yeare of the same Edwards raign he was crowned at Scone the .xxv day of April in the yeare of our Lorde .1057 Immediately after his coronation he called a Parliament at Forfair A Parliament at Forfair in the which he rewarded them with landes and liuings that had assisted him agaynst Makbeth aduauncing them to fees and offices as he saw cause and commaunded that specially those that bare the surname of any office or landes shoulde haue and enioye the same He created many Earles Lordes Barons and Knightes Thanes changed into Earles Many of them that before were Thanes were at this time made Earles as Fife Menteth Atholl Leuenox Murray Cathnes Rosse and Angus These were the first Earles that haue beene heard of amongest the Scottishe men as their hystories make mention Many new surnames were takeÌ„ vp at this time amongst them Surnames as Cauder Lokart Gordon Seyton Lauder Wawane Meldrun Schaw Leirmouth Libertoun Strachquhen Cargill Rattrey Dundas Cockbourne Myrtoun MenÈeis Abercrummy Lesly with many other that had possessions giuen to them which gaue names to the owners for the time Others got their surnames by offices as Stewarde Durwarde and Banerman Also the proper names of many valiant captaynes were turned into generall surnames as Kennedy Graham Hay with dyuerse other to long here to rehearse So that it came to passe then as it hath done many tymes sithence that new surnames haue worne the olde out of vse In the foresayde Parliament thus holden at Forfair in the beginning of his raign there were many holesome ordinances established both apperteyning to ciuill administration and also to the ecclesiasticall iurisdiction In rewarde also of Makduffes seruice Makduffes Earle of Fife his aduauncement who as ye haue heard chiefly ayded him to the atteyning of the crowne he honoured him and his posteritie with three sortes of priuiledges Fyrst that the Earle of Fife for the tyme being Priuiledges graunted vnto Makduffes lynage at the coronation of a king should by his office set the crowne on the kings head The second was that when the king should giue battaile to his enimies the same Earle should leade the vauntgard of his host The thirde that the lynage of Makduffe should enioy regall authoritie and power within al their lands roomthes as to appoynt officers and iudges for the hearing and determining of all matters and controuersies treason onely excepted and that if any of their men or tenants were called to answere in any Court out of their circuit they might appeale to their owne iudges to bee appoynted as before is expressed Iohannes Maior wryteth in his Chronicle Iohannes Maior that the thirde priuiledge which Malcolme graunted vnto this Makduffe and his posteritie was this that for euery Gentleman that any of theÌ„ should hap to kill by chaunce medley and not vpon pretensed malice for the summe of .xxiiij. markes he should redeeme his punishment due for the same for the casuall slaughter of a meaner person he should be fined at .xij. Markes so that murtherers were wont to say that if they were able to pay that summe vnto the Kynboc then ought to be released of further punitian by Makduffes priuiledge But this third priuiledge togither with the other two former grauntes the sayde Maior sore reproueth and not without cause as maye appeare considering the naturall inclination of that people vnto murther which by this meanes nourishing secrete hatred and malice in theyr heartes might vnder the clokeÌ„ of casuall falling out slea whom they lusted It was ordeyned also at this Parliament that Barons which had liberties within theÌ„selues Gybets and draw welles should make gybbets whereon men that deserued death shoulde suffer execution and also draw Welles wherein women that were condemned should be drowned according to the order of the ciuill lawes vsed in Scotland Makbethes lawes abrogated Moreouer all the lawes that Makbeth had ordeyned were abrogate at this Parliament Thus whilest Malcolme was busied in setting orders amongst his subiects tydings came that one Lugtake surnamed the foole Luktake being eyther the sonne or as some write the cousin of the late mentioned Makbeth was conueyed wyth a great number of such as had taken part with the sayde Makbeth vnto Seone Lugtake crowned at Scone and there by their support receyued the Crowne as lawfull inheritor thereto To appease this businesse was Makduffe Earle of Fife sent with full commission in the kings name Lugtake
had giuen his faith once aforehand for those landes vnto the Empresse Maulde which he minded not to breake for the threatening wordes of any new inuasours King Stephan moued with this answere sent a power of men to the bordures of Northumberland whiche as then was vnder the dominion of the Scottes to make a rode vpon the inhabitants of that countrey The Englishmen inuade Northumberland They that had the charge of this enterpryse entring into the landes of theyr enimies put all to the fire and swoorde that came in theyr way The Scottes kindled with that displeasure The Scottes make rodes into England roded into England and did the like displeasures and hurtes there For the yeare after the Earles of Marche Menteth The Earle of Gloucester Robert was against K. Stephā but there might be some other happely vnto whom K. Stephan had giuen that title A resignatiō and Angus entred into England with a great armie against whom came the Earle of Gloucester and giuing them batayle at Northallertoun lost the fielde and was taken prysoner himselfe with diuers other nobles of England King Stephan therefore constreyned to redeeme the captiues gaue not onely a great some of money for them but also made resignation of all such title clayme and interest as eyther he or any of his successours might make or pretend to the counties of Northumberland and Cumberland Howbeit his nobles were no sooner returned home but that repenting him of that resignatiō King Stephan repenteth he gathered his puysance againe and entring into Northumberland fought with the Scottes that came foorth to resist him and obtayning the victorie tooke a great parte of the countrey into his possession King Dauid to redresse these iniuries gathered a mightie army with deliberate minde either to expell the Englishmen out of all the boundes of his dominions or els to vse in the payne But shortly after Thurstane Archbishop of Yorke came vnto Roxbourgh called in those dayes Marken to treate for a peace Roxburgh in old time Marken A truce where a truce was concluded for three monethes with condition that the Englishmen should deliuer vp the dominion of Northumberland vnto the lord Henry king Dauid his sonnes But for so muche as this couenant was not performed on king Stephens side King Dauid inuadeth Northumberland king Dauid inuaded that part of the cuntrey which the Englishmen helde making greate slaughter of all them that he found there about to resist him King Stephan passeth vnto Roxbourgh King Stephen moued herewith leuied his people and came in puissant aray vnto Roxborough but for that he had secrete knowledge that some of the nobles in his armie soughte hys destruction King Stephan returneth hee was constrayned to returne without atchieuing of any worthie enterprise The yeare next ensuyng a peace was talked vpon the Archbishops of Cantorbury Yorke appointed commissioners in the treatie therof on the behalfe of king Stephen and the bishops of Glasgewe Aberden and Saint Androws on the partie of king Dauid But Maulde queene of Englande the daughter of Eustace Earle of Boloigne and neece to king Dauid by his sister Marie was the chiefest doer in this matter to bring them to agreement The one of the kings that is to say Stephen lay at Duresme with his nobles and the other that is to say Dauid lay at Newcastell during all the time of this treatie which at length sorted to the conclusion of a peace A peace on these conditions that the counties of Northumberland and Huntingdon shoulde remaine in the gouernement of Henry Prince of Scotland Couenants of agreement as heire to the same by right of his mother But Cumberlande shoulde be reputed as the inheritance and right of his father king Dauid And for these landes and seigniories the forenamed Prince Henry and his successours Princes of Scotlande should doe homage vnto kyng Stephen and his successours kings of England for the tyme being Homage Carleil was repaired by William Rufus K. of England about the yeare of our Lorde 1092. The peace thus ratified betwixt the two kinges and their subiectes kyng Stephen returned into Kent and king Dauid repaired into Cumberland where he fortified the towne of Carleile with new walles and dyches Thus passed the three first yeres of king Stephens reigne In the fourthe yeare came Maulde the Empresse into Englande to clayme the crown therof as in the Englishe historie more playnely may appeare But whylest Englande was sore tormented with warres by contrarye factions of the nobles for the quarelles of those two persones no small sorrow hapned to Scotland for the death of Hērie the prince of that land and onely sonne vnto king Dauid The death of Henry prince of Scotland who died at Kelso and was buried in the Abbey church there in the yeare of our redemption .1152 1152. His death was greatly bemoned aswel of his father the king as of all other the estates and degrees of the realme for such singular vertue and noble conditions as appeared in hym But yet for that he lefte issue behynd him iij. Prince Henry his issue sons and. iij. daughters as before is mencioned the Realme was not thoughte vnprouided of heires The king also being mortified from the world tooke the death of his sonne very paciently The lawe of nature considering that al men are subiect vnto death by the lawe of nature and are sure no longer to remaine here than their day appointed by the eterne determination of him that giueth and taketh away lyfe and breath when pleaseth him as by dayly experience is most manyfest Therfore that king Dauid wayed the losse of his sonne in suche balance it maye appeare by an Oration which hee made to his nobles at what tyme after his sonnes decease they came to comforte hym For he perceyuing them to be ryghte heauie and sorowfull for the losse whiche he and they had susteyned by the death of so towardly a prince that was to haue succeeded him if God had lent him lyfe thereto in the ende of a royall feast the whiche he made vnto those nobles that came thus to visite hym hee beganne in this wyse Howe great your fidelitie and care is whiche you beare towards me An oration although oftētimes heretofore I haue proued it yet this present day I haue receyued most ample fruite therof for now do I plainely see that you lament no lesse for the losse of my late deceassed sonne than if you had buried some one of your own sonnes are therefore come to your great trauaile paine to comfort me whom you esteeme to be sore afflicted for the ouer timely death of my sayde moste obedient sonne but to let passe for this time due yelding of thanks to you for the same till occasion and leysure may better serue thereto this nowe may suffice that I acknowledge myself to be so much beholden to you that what
suche wyse that neyther part might receyue any rebelles to the other by meanes wherof Gilcrist that before was fled into England was constreyned to returne into Scotland The miserable state of Gilcrist disguysed in poore weede with two of his sonnes there passed foorth his lyfe a long tyme in great myserie amongst the woodes and in out places vnknowne to any man what he was by reason of his poore and simple habite Somewhat before the aboue remeÌ„bred mariage The castell of Edenburgh restored Henry king of Englande at the motion of Hugh bishoppe of Durham rendred vp the Castell of Edenburghe into kyng William his handes About this tyme the Souldane named Saladine prospered hugely against the Christians in the holy lande Saladine the Souldane making suche cruell slaughter of them that to heare thereof all christian heartes were moued to pitifull commiseration and dolorous teares in so muche that Henrye kyng of Englande vowed to goe thyther wyth an armie to relieue the common necessitie of the christian publique weale and hadde gone in deede King Henries purpose to go into the holye land againste the Sarasins â–ª hindered by rebellion of his sonne if hee had not bene hyndered by the conspiracie of his sonne whome lately before he had caused to bee crowned kyng that wente aboute to vsurpe the sole administration to hymselfe nowe in his fathers lyfe tyme. Aboute the same tyme king William wente with an armie into Ros MakulÈen and Makbein capitaines of pyrates agaynste MakulÈen and Makbein two Capitaynes of the western Iles whiche vsed vppon occasion to passe ouer into Ros Cathnes and Murrayland spoyling and wasting those countreyes and when they hearde of any power comming agaynste them they woulde streyghte returne to their shippes and repasse againe to the Iles. But at this tyme the king had sente forth a Nauie to brenne all those vesselles wherein robbers hadde passed ouer and had left at anket by reason wherof when they were enclosed in on euery side by the king and taken prisoners they after suffered death on the wheele Death on the wheele according to the maner of the ciuill lawe Abirbrothok is buyldded The king in his returne from this iourneye came by the abbey of Abirbrothok to â—…ewe the worke of that house how it went forward commanding them that wer ouerseers masters of y e woorks to spare for no costes but to bring it vp to perfection and that with most magnificence After his departure froÌ„ theÌ„ce he tooke the way toward Bertha Gilcrist deluing cloddes by adueÌ„ture espied where Gilcrist was deluing vp turfes togither with his .ij. sons though he knew not what they were yet he mufed to see two such goodly yong men as by resemblance they appeared to be to be thus occupied in suche toyling and base labour IncontineÌ„tly herewith Gilcrist with his bald head came afore hym and falling downe on his knees at the kings feete Gilcrist asketh pardon of the king iâ—… vnknown habite sayde If there be anye mercie in thee most ruthful prince for them that are brought through their offences into extreme miserie hauing suffred condigne punishment for the same I beseeche thee for the loue that Christ had to all sinfull people not sparing to shead his most precious bloud for their redemptioÌ„ to haue some pitie and compassion on me and these my poore and miserable sonnes which with me haue suffred muche grief and penurie not hauing deserued the same by any crime by them coÌ„mitted At the last when king William had enquired of him what he was Gilcrist declareth what he is and how it chaunced he fell into such kind of miserie the teares came so faste trickling downe froÌ„ his eyes that of a long space he was not able to declare his owne name At length being come to himself he said I am Gilcrist noble prince y e most sorowfull creature on earth which alas put my hands in thy bloud and was therfore dishinherited of all my lands and banished with these my two sons out of thy realme whervpon we remained in England for a time till through proclamation made against outlawes I was constrained to come hyther againe with my said sonnes where we haue liued by rootes all the sommer season and nowe in the winter are glad to get our liuing with trauayle of hand thus in digging deluing of clods therfore if any ruthe or pitie haue place in thy hearte or that thy indignation be qualifyed haue mercy on our sorowful estate remit the offence wherby thou mayst not only purchase greate honour and fame by example of pitie beeing highly renoumed for that vertue amongst al nations but also winne great merite afore God for shewing thy selfe the folower of Christe the giuer of all mercie grace and peace The king moued by these wordes and remeÌ„bring the good seruice whiche Gilcriste had employde so often tymes afore in defence of the realme The king taketh Gilcrist to his fauoure and restoreth vnto him his landes and agayn pitying his case to consyder from what degree of honour he was fallen into the deepest bottome of extreme miserie hee tooke him wholly to his fauour and not only forgaue him his former offences but also restored vnto him and to his sonnes al suche landes as sometymes appertained vnto them excepte so muche as the king had alreadie giuen vnto the Abbey of Abirbrothok Gilcrist euer after perseuered in due obedience to his prince and for so much as his eldest sonne deceassed before him without heires and that his yonger sonne by reason of some impedimente which he had was vnmete for mariage Gilcrists gift vnto the house of Abirbrothoke he gaue the most part of his lands after his owne deceasse vnto the sayd house of Abirbrothok His yonger sonne also no lesse wel affectionated towardes the same house gaue the resydue of his landes therevnto The father and bothe his sonnes are buryed before the Aulter of Saincte Catherine within the Church of this abbey as the superscription of their tombes sheweth Though kyng Willyam was earnestly occupied in the aduauncing forwarde of the buylding of Abirbrothok yet did he not forget hys duetie in the administration of his lawes but diligently caused iustice to be executed to the punishing of the wicked the rewarding of them that well deserued He made also sundry newe lawes for the restraining of theeues and oppressours of the people so rigorous Lawes deuised by king William against theeues that they myght bee in feare to heare him named Furthermore where as the Church of Scotlande was subiecte to the church of Yorke he obtained of Pope Clement the third of that name letters of exemption for his Clergie wherby the Churche of Scotlande within the which were conteyned the Bishoppes seas of Saincte Andros Glasgo Dunkelde Dublayne Breghne Abirden Murray Ros and Cathnes was declared exempte from all other forrayne iurisdiction except onely from that of the sea
downe when he sawe he was not able to defend it against the English power comming towards hym King Edwarde hauing thus accomplished hys desyre returned backe into Englande leauing behynde hym wyth the Ballyoll Richard Talbot manye greate Lordes of Englande amongest whom as chiefe was Rycharde Talbot that vsyng the aduice and councell of them hee might rule the Realme of Scotlande as should he thought expedient Edwarde Ballyoll herevppon wente thorough all the boundes of Scotlande placing garnysons of Englishmen in moste part of all the strengthes and castels of the realme Al the fortresses of ScotlaÌ„d in the Balliols landes fiue only except for he had them al at his commandement fiue of them onely excepted whyche were kepte by suche Scottishmen as woulde not renounce their allegiance promised to king Dauid For Dounbryton was kepte by Malcolme Flemmyng of Cummirnalde Lochlevyn by Alane of Vepount The Castell of Kyldrummy by Christine Bruce And Vrquharte by Roberte Lawder The uyle of Lowdoun a strong thyng of so small a compasse was in the keeping of one Iohn Thomson These Capitaines would by no meanes neyther yeeld themselues nor their fortresses to Edward Ballyol but defend them to the vtterance for the behoofe of their soueraine Lord and maister king Dauid The Popes ambassadours not regarded In the meane tyme Philip king of Fraunce laboured to the Pope that he mighte by his authoritie cause the Englishmen to surceasse from further vexing the Scottes by their cruell inuasions made into their countrey But when the Popes ambassadours came aboute this matter into Englande they were so little regarded that they could not get licence to declare y e message so were they glad to returne without dooing any thing in the matter whereabout they were sent A parliamente a Perth Shortlye after was a Parliamente called at Perthe where Edwarde Ballyoll was confirmed Kyng of Scotlande a greate number of the nobles promising there by solemne othes neuer to moue anye rebellion agaynste him in tymes to come In the meane tyme rose great alterâ—…ation betwixt Henry Beaumont â—â—yfe betwixt Mowbray and Beaumount and Alexander Moubraye for certaine landes in Buchquhane Henry Beaumount claymed those lands by the right of his wyfe that was daughter to the sayd Alexander but the Mowbraye claymed them as heire to his brother After long contention Mowbray hadde the landes adiudged to him by sentence of the Ballyoll by reason wherof Dauid Cumyn Earle of Athole and Richarde Talbot fauouring the cause of Henry Beaumont began to practise suche conspiracies against the Ballyoll that to auoyde further daunger he was glad to repeale the former sentence by him gyuen on the behalfe of Alexander Mowbraye and by newe sentence adiudged the landes vnto Henry Beaumounte for that as was alledged he had maryed the inheritour therof Thus thoroughe puissaunce of the parties the truthe in decydyng of the Controuersye myghte not haue place and also the Ballyoll constrayned to haue the one of them to hys enimyes Not long after this Edward Ballyol came to Rainfrewe and there receyuyng the people into his obeysaunce The castels of Rothsay and Dunnone deliuered to the Ballyoll hadde the keyes of the castell of Rothsaye and Dunnone broughte vnto hym by sir Alane Lyle Sheriffe of Bute Thus didde the Ballyoll encrease in puissaunce by suche confluence of people as daylye submitted them selues vnto hym and hee enryched them liberally wyth landes and goodes still as they came vnto him therby to winne their good willes He soughte by all meanes possible to haue gotten Roberte Stewarde into hys handes Robert Stewarde as the persone whome hee knewe to haue moste ryghte next vnto kyng Dauid to the Crowne of Scotlande but thorough the dyligent forsyghte of hys friendes Thys Roberte Stewarde beeyng aboute the age of fyfteene yeares was conueyed to the castell of Dunbreton where hee was ioyefully receyued by Malcolme Flemyng the Captais The Ballyoll beeyng sore offended that suche Castelles as were kepte by his enimies were so greate an impedimente to hys enterprises by succouring and relieuyng hys aduersaryes to maynteyne warres agaynst him he got togyther an armye Lochleuyn besieged and the nexte yeare layde siege vnto the Castell of Lochlevyn But perceyuyng that thys Castell myghte not bee wonne without long siege he appoynted Syr Iohn Striuelyng to continue the siege wyth a greate power of menne vntill the Castel were yeelded There were lefte also with him Michaell Hereot Dauid Wemis and Richarde Maleville with diuers other These capitaines aduising the place and syte of the Castell lodged themselues within the Churcheyarde of Sainte Serfâ—… beside Kinrosse makyng Bastyles and other defenses within the same for their more safegarde Within the Castell were two valyant captaynes to defende it Alane Vepont Iames Lamby captains of Lochleuyn the one named Alane Vepount and Iames Lamby Citesins of Saint Androwes The enimies assayd al the means that might be deuised to haue wonne this castel but al was in vayne At length they deuised a subtill sleight wherby to compasse their intent on this wyse They wente aboute to damme vp the mouth of the ryuer where it issueth out of the Loche wyth earth A deuyse to drowne the castell trees and stones that the water beyng so kepte in might ryse to such an heighte that it shoulde ouerflowe the Castell and so drowne all the people wythin it and to cause the Loche to swell more speedyly they tourned the course of dyuers ryuers and brookes in the countrey thereaboutes and broughte them into the same loche It chaunced at the same tyme that sir Iohn Striuelyng capitayne of the siege with a great parte of the armie went vnto Donfermling for deuotion sake to visite the shrine of Saint Margaret sometyme Queene of Scotlande Whereof Alane Vepount then capitayne of the Castell hauyng vnderstanding about midnight prepared three boates and takyng certayn souldiours with hym rowed foorth to the heade of the damme or water and there with such engines as he had deuysed for the purpose assayed to boate thorough and make a hole in the banke or rampier that kepte vp the water which when they had brought to passe they returned quickely agayne to the castell The water hauing once gotten an issue within a whyle ware the hole so large that entryng with more violence it finally brake downe the banke rushed foorth with such an huge stream that it bare downe all afore it drowning vp the bastils and tentes of them that lay at siege there The bastiles and tentes of them that laye at siege drowned and carryed the same with men and all downe into the deepe sea they were so sodenly taken ere they could make any shift to escape Alane Vepount wheÌ„ the water was fallen to the olde marke issued forth of the castel and setting vpon those that had escaped the daunger of the water slew part of them and put the remnant to flyght Iohn Striuelyng hearing the
as fell not for the estate of a man of any estimation or honestie to the ende it shoulde not be knowne what he was Two kings prisoners in England at one time Thus the King of Englande at one tyme hauing two Kings vnder his captiuitie satte crowned betwixt them at meate in the feast of Christmasse making as the vse is amongest the Englishe menne in that season a greate banket And this hee did as is reported to the intent that the maner thereof might be bruted abrode to his high prayse and glorious fame King Dauid within certaine yeares after was conueyed by the Earle of Northamton vnto Barwike where the most part of all the Nobles of Scotlande assembâ—…ed togyther to consult with him touching some agreement to bee had for hys raunsome but bycause they coulde growe to no certayne poynte therein hee was brought backe agayne to London and there remayned in prison as before Roger Kyrkpatrike slaine In the meane time Roger Kirkpatrike was slaine by Iames Lyndsey in a Castell where the sayde Iames dwelled and receyued the said Roger as his guest This Lyndsey fledde vpon the acte committed but yâ—…t beeing apprehended and brought to the gouernour Robert Stewarde he suffred death for that offence Shortly after that is to witte at Michaelmasse nexte ensuyng after King Dauid hadde beene at Barwike there was an agreemente made for his raunsome wherevppon beeing delyuered King Dauid is deliuered hee returned into Scotlande in the eleuenth yeare after hys takyng at Durham fielde It was agreed that there shoulde be payde for his raunsom one hundred thousand Markes sterling at sundrie dayes of payment as was accorded betwixt them Truce for .14 yeares Truce also was taken for the space of .xiiij. yeares betwixt both Realmes and dyuerse Nobles of Scotlande were appoynted to lye as Hostages in Englande tyll the money were payde as is before mentioned King Dauid was also bounde by couenaunt of agreement to raze certayne Castelles within Scotlande Castelsmed whiche seemed moste noysome to the Englishe Borders whiche couenaunt hee perfourmed for vpon hys returne into Scotlande hee cast downe the Castelles of Dalswynton Dunfreys Mortowne and Durysdere He also called a Parliament wherin he enacted sundrie things for the punishment of them that fled from him at Durham field A Parliament and first for that hys cousin Robert Stiwarde was one of them beeing through meanes thereof a greate cause of the ouerthrowe he procured that the act by whiche the crowne was appoynted for want of issue of his bodie lawfully begotten Robert Stewarde disinherited of the crowne Iohn Sutherlande made heyre apparant to defende vnto the sayde Robert Steward was vtterly reuoked and disanulled and Iohn Sutherlande the sonne of Iane his yongest sister appoynted heire apparant in place of the sayde Robert And all the Lordes of Scotlande were sworne to obserue and keepe this ordinance The Earle of Sutherlande father to the sayde Iohn in hope that his sonne shoulde enioy the Crowne gaue away the most part of his landes deuiding the same amongest his friendes as to the Hayes the Sinclares the Ogylbies and Gordones But hee was neuerthelesse deceyued of his hope for shortly after his sonne beeing one of them that was giuen in pledge to remaine in England The death of Iohn Sutherlande till the money for the kings raunsome was payde dyed there of the Pestilence in suche sorte as the moste part of the other pledges likewise did And shortlye after his deceasse Robert Stewarde againe ordeined heire apparant Robert Stewarde was reconciled to the Kings fauour and ordeyned heyre apparaunt to the crowne in semblable maner as he was before The Cleargie of Scotlande condiscended to giue the tenth pennie of all theyr fruites and reuenues towardes the payment of the Kinges raunsome The contribution of the Cleargie Not long after King Dauid called an other Councell wherein according to hys promyse made to the King of Englande before hys delyueraunce A demaunde proponed to the Lordes of Scotland he moued the Lordes and Barons of Scotlande in a matter whereof hee wyshed not to haue of them anye towardlye aunswere and that was thys Whether they coulde bee contented that after his deceasse the crowne of Scotlande shoulde bee transferred vnto the King of Englandes sonne and to hys lawfull heyres The Lordes hearing what was proponed vnto them Theyr answere aunswered wythoute anye long studie that so long as anye of them were able to beare armour or weapon they would neuer consent thereto King Dauid right ioyfull to heare them at this poynt thought himselfe discharged for that he was not bounde to labour further in this suite bycause his promise made to the King of England touching this poynt onely was that if the Scottish Lordes would agree then he should â—…ntaile the crowne to his sonne In the yeare next following which was from the Incarnation 1357. 1357 Queene Iane the wife of king Dauid went into Englande to see hir brother king Edwarde Queene Ianes death and died there before she returned leauing no issue behinde hir King Dauid maryeth Margaret Logy King Dauid after hir deceasse marked a yong lustie Gentlewoman named Margaret Logy daughter to sir Iohn Logy Knight but wythin three Monethes after hee repented him for that hee had matched himselfe wyth one of so meane Parentage He repenteth hâ—…s mariage to the dispamgoment of his bloud He banisheth 〈◊〉 And herevpon he banished both hir and all other that had counselled him to mary hir confining them for euer out of all the parties of his dominions 〈◊〉 complayed to the Pope Shee hirselfe went vnto Anignon where as then the Pope with his consistorie remained and entring hir plaint there in the Court followed the same with such diligence that in the ende sentence was giuen on hir syde that is so witte that King Dauid shoulde receyue hir againe into his companie Sentence giueÌ„ on our part and to accept and vse hir as his iust and lawfull wyfe Thus shoulde the Realme of Scotlande haue runne in trouble and daunger of interdiction had she not departed out of this life by the way in returning homewardes She departeth the worlde King Dauid in the meane time repayred sundrie places and strengthes of his realme and buylt a tower in Edenbourgh Castell Dauids tower buylt bearing the name after hym vnto thys day called Dauids Tower After this appeasing certaine Rebelles that sought to trouble the quiet state of the Realme he purposed to haue gone to Ierusalem but hauing prouided all things necessarie for suche a iourney he fell sicke of a burning feuer The death of king Dauid and died wythin the Castell of Edenbourgh in the xxxix yeare of hys raigne and .xlvij. of hys age Which was from the incarnation 1370. 1370 His bodie lyeth in holy Roode house where it was buryed in the yeare aforesayde Sundrie marueylous things were seene in the
had helde euer sith the battell of Durham was taken by Tyuydale men and rased downe to the earth Archembald Earle of Dowglas The Earle of Dowglas is released and returneth into Scotland as yet remayning captiue in EnglaÌ„d after he had knowledge of King Roberts death made shift to agree for his raunsome and so being set at libertie returned with all speede nowe at lengthe into Scotlande Shortly after there was a councell called A motion made for the restoring of the Earle of March to his countrey wherein was a motion made for the restoring of George Earle of Marche to his countrey lands and bloud After long debating of the matter and harde hold too and fro both with him and against him it was in the end coÌ„cluded that he should returne into Scotland The Earle of March restored home and be receyued as a true Scottishman but vnder this condition that he should forgoe his lands of Annerdale and Lochmaben which should for euer remayne to the Dowglas and to his heires All his other landes and possessions it was accorded that he shoulde enioy as in his former righte and estate And thus was the Earle of Marche pardoned of all passed offences committed agaynste the Crowne of Scotlande and receyued home to the greate comfort of hys friendes Rebellion â—â—ued by Donald of the Iles. About the same time there rose greate trouble in Scotlande by the Rebellion of Donald of the Iles who clayming by ryght of his wife a title to the Earledome of Ros was defeated of the same by practise of the gouernoure hauyng by subtill conueyance assured the sayde Earledome vnto his second sonne the Earle of Buchquhane that hight Iohn The foresayde Donald by way of supplication besoughte the gouernoure to doe hym reason but he receyued nought except it were frowarde speeche wherewith hee tooke suche displeasure that raysing all the power of the Iles he came into Rosse Donald subdewed Ros. and subdued the same at his pleasure but not satisfyed with this hee passed thorough Murray Bogheual and other boundes thereaboutes till hee came into Garioch purposing to brenne Abyrdene The number slayne There was slayne on Donaldes parte nine hundred menne with Makclane and Makynthos On the Earle of Mars syde there dyed Alexander Ogiluy Sherife of Angus with seuen Knightes of name and dyuers other gentlemen with Cummons to the number of sixe hundred This battell was stryken on Saint Iames euen in the yeere 1411 1411. Donald of the Iles â—â—eth Donald of the Iles after this bickering wholy graunted the victory to his enimies in fleeyng all the night long after the battell towards Ros and from thence with like speede hee passed ouer into the Iles. In the yeere nexte following the gouernoure prepared to make a iourney into the Iles 1412 to chastise the foresaid Donald but he through feare of further domage submitted him selfe Donald of the Iles submitteth himselfe and was sworne neuer to procure any trouble to y e Realm in tyme to come Not long after the battell of Harlow Patrike Dunbar seconde sonne to the Earle of Marche with one hundred of hardy persons came earely one morning somewhat before the breake of day to Fast Castell and wanne the same Fast Castell wonne takyng the Captayne prisoner whose name was Thomas Holdon The bridge of Roxburgh broken down At the same time was y e bridge of Roxburgh broken downe and the towne brent by William Dowglas of Drumlanerike Gawayn Dunbar another of the Earle of Marches sonnes and diuers other In the same yere 1411 or rather in the yere before the vniuersitie of saint Androwes was firste fouÌ„ded The first beginning of the vniuersitie of Saint Androwes which afterwardes was furnished with dyuers notable learned men brought in and placed there by King Iames the firste to the ende that by their instructions hys people mighte encrease in learning to the further aduancemente of vertue lawdable manners and all sortes of other ciuill customes Amongst sundry other expert men in all sciences which he brought into Scotlande Doctors of Diuinitie and of the Canon lawe there were eighteene Doctors of Diuinitie and eight Doctors of the law Canon Much what about y e same time Iohn Drummound slewe Patricke Graham Earle of Stratherne The Earle of Stratherne slayne by a trayterous meane and therevpon fled into Ireland but as he was about to haue passed from thence ouer into England the vessel wherein he sayled was driuen on the coast of ScotlaÌ„d where hee was taken and shortly after lost hys head for the sayd offence Warres betwixt England and Fraunce Shortly after also there rose great warres betwixt EnglaÌ„d and France as in the Histories of those Realmes may more playnely appeare Rebellion in Wales There was also a greate Rebellion reysed in Wales againste Henry the fifth King of England whiche was the sonne of Henry the fourth lately deceassed We finde in the Scottishe Chronicles that this Henry the fifth at hys returning foorthe of Fraunce after his first iourney thither hauyng in the same wonne the Towne of Harfleete discomfited the whole power of Fraunce at Agyncourt was constreyned to goe against y e Welchmen and encouÌ„tring with the Prince of Wales was discomfyted Henry the fifth discomfited by the Welchmen He subdueth them and lost tenne thousand of hys men but after this hee reenforced his power and came agayne into Wales not ceassing til he had brought the Welchmen subiect at his pleasure but the English writers make no mention of any suche matter Whilest things passed thus in Englande William Halyburtoun wanne the Castell of Warke The Castell of Warke wonne and slew all such as he found within it howbeit small while endured the ioy of thys fortunate successe to the Scottes for sundry Englishmen that knewe all the secretes of the house found meanes to enter through a gutter that serued in manner of a Sinke to auoyde al the filthe of the Kitchin into the Riuer of Tweede breaking downe a pane of an olde wall and so made entrie for the residue of their fellowes by reason whereof It is againe recouered they easily recouered the Castell and in reuenge of them that were slayne there when the Scottes wanne it they likewise slew al those whiche were as then within it withoute any respect of one or other After this in the yeere .1419 the thirde daye of September 1419 Robert Duke of Albany that hadde bin gouernour of Scotlande for the space of .xv. yeeres after the death of King Robert the thirde departed out of this life The deceasse of Roberte Duke of Albany hauing borne hymselfe in all his time as a righte valiaunte and noble Prince A little before his deceasse there came from Charles the Frenche King Ambassadors from the French King the Earle of Vandosme and chauncelor of France both to renewe the auncient league betwixt the two
massie plate sundry faire clothes of rich and costly arras by his wiues friendes with many other it welles and things of great price and valure King Iames then departed on this wise from his wiues brethren and other suche his deere friends as his vertue and princely behauiour had procured him during his abode here in England King Iames commeth to Edynburgh entred into Scotlande and came to Edynburgh on Care sunday otherwise called Passiō sunday in Lent where he was receyued with all honour ioy and triumph that might be deuised Iames. ANd after y e assoone as the solemnitie of y e feast of Easter was fynished He is crowned a Scone togyther with has vse hee came to Perth and shortly after to Scone where he was crowned king and his wife Queene by Duke Mordo the gouernor and Henrie Bishop of S. Androwes the xxj day of May after the incarnation 1424. 1424 There came forth of Englande with thys Iames the fyrst diuerse Englishe Gentlemen which remayning euer after in seruice with him were aduaunced to certaine landes possessions and liuings in Scotlande Amongst whome as one of the chiefest was Androw Gray Androw Gray who afterwardes by the Kings ayde and good furtherance got in maryage the daughter and heyre of Henrie Mortimer of Foulis named Helen and by that meanes came the Lordship of Foulis vnto the handes of the Grayes The surname of the Grayes in Scotland whose surname and posteritie continueth yet in Scotlande inuested with great landes and dignities both in Gowry and Angus King Iames after his coronation returned from Scone to Edenburgh King Iames keepeth an audite where he called afore him all those that bare any authoritie in the administration of the common wealth during the time of the gouernours Duke Robert and Duke Mordo namely the Chancellour the Treasurer the Clearkes of the Register the Comptroller the Auditors and Receyuers with all other that had borne offices or had any thing to do concerning the kings rents At length when hee perceyued by theyr accompts made that the most part of all the lands rents and reuenues perteyning to the Crowne were wasted bestowed aliened and transported by the two foresayd gouernors vnto their friends and fautours contrary to all right or good consideration the customes of Burrowes and good townes onely excepted hee was not well content herewith though for the tyme he passed ouer his displeasure in shewing outwardly no semblaunce but as if hee had lyked all things well This payment was leuyed the fyrst yeare wythout any trouble but the seconde yeare there rose such murmure and grudging amongest the poore commons about the payment thereof The commōs grudge at payments that hee remitted the residue that was behinde and tooke neuer any taske after of hys subiectes tyll hee maryed his daughter wyth the Dolphyn of Fraunce Amongest other bylles put vp in this last mencioned Parliament Bylles of complaynt exhibited against the sonnes of duke Mordo there were diuerse complayntes exhibited by the people for sundrie oppressions vsed and done by the sonnes of Duke Mordo and other great Peeres of the Realme before the kings returne into Scotlande Wherevpon Walter Stewarde one of the sonnes of the sayde Duke Mordo was arrested Walter Stewarde put in prison and sent to a Castell situated vpon a rocke within the sea called the Bas thereto remaine in safe keeping Also Malcolme Flemming of Cumernalde and Thomas Boyd of Kylmarnoke were committed to warde in Dalkeith but these two at the intercession of diuerse noble men were pardoned of all offences for an easie fine with condition that they shoulde satisfie all such persons as they had in any wise wronged The othe of king Iames. In the foresayd Parliament also king Iames tooke a solemne othe to defende as well the liberties of his Realme as of the Church during the course of his naturall life The like othe by his ensample did all the residue of the Barons take at the same present time A Parliament holden at Perth Duke Mordo with his sonne Alexander and diuerse other Peeres of the Realme arrested Not long after an other Parliament was called holden at Perth in the which Duke Mordo with his sonne Alexander were arested and committed to ward So was also Archymbalde Earle of Dowglas with his brother William Earle of Angus George Earle of Marche Adam Hepborne of Hales and many other great Barons of Scotland euery of them being put in sundrie Castels and strengthes to remaine there vnder safe keeping Duke Mordo was sent to Carlaurok and his Duches was put in Temptalloun 1425 In the yeare following on the holy Roode day called the Inuention of the Crosse Iames Stewarde the thirde sonne of Duke Mordo moued with great yre for that his father brethren were holden in prison came with a great power to the towne of Dounbrytaine The towne of Dunbrytaine burnt and brunt it after he had slaine Iohn Stewarde of Doundonalde and .xxxij. other persones which were found in the same towne but the king kindled in greate displeasure for this attempt pursued this Iames so fiercely that he was faine to flee into Irelande where he afterwardes deceassed A Parliament holden at Sterling 1426 Walter and Alexander the sonnes of duke Mordo beheaded Duke Mordo and Duncane Steward Earle of Lennox beheaded In the yeare next ensuing king Iames called a Parliament at Sterling in the which he himselfe sitting with scepter sworde and crowne in place of iudgement Walter Steward with hys brother Alexander were condemned and incontinently were led forth to a place before the Castell and there beheaded On the Morrow after Duke Mordo hymselfe and Duncane Stewarde Earle of Lennox were conuicted of highe treason and beheaded afore the Castell in semblable maner Thus by the attainder of Duke Mordo and his sonnes the Erledomes of Fife Menteith and Lennox came into the kings handes The residue of the Lordes and Barons remayning as then in prison and abyding the kings pleasure were sore afrayd when they heard what rygorous iustice had beene executed on Duke Mordo and his sonnes notwithstanding within a tweluemonth after they were all set at libertie and receyued into the kings fauour on promise of their loyall demeanour and duetifull obedience euer after to be shewed during their naturall lyues In the yeare next following which was after the incarnation 1427. 1427 Alexander Lorde of the Iles arested Alexander Lorde of the Iles was arested by the king at Inuernes for that he was accused to be a succorer mainteyner of theeues and robbers in the countrey but forasmuch as he promised in tyme comming to refourme his former misdemeanors He is set at libertie he was pardoned and set at libertie whereof ensued greate trouble immediatly after For shortly vpon his deliuerance He rebelleth he gathered a power of wicked scapethriftes and with the same comming vnto Inuernes burnt the towne
vnder greate forfeyture of sufficient bande About the same time Alane Steward is slaine or rather somewhat before Alane Steward Lord of Dernlye was slain at Palmais thorne by sir Thomas Boyd And in the yeare following the same sir Thomas was slaine by Alexander Steward of Bolmet and his sonnes wherethrough there rose great troubles in the west partes of Scotland William Erle of Dowglas sent Malcolm Flemming of Cumernald and Alane of Lowder vnto Charles the seuenth king of France to obteyne of him the Duchie of Towraine which was giuē to Archebald Dowglas at the battaile of Vernoile in Perch the last Erle father to this Erle Williā had enioyed the same all his life time wherevpon that sute was the sooner obteyned which made y e yong Earle more insolent than before The great port of the Earle of Dowglas He kept such a port and vsed to haue such a traine attending vppon him specially when he came to the court that it might seeme he had the king in smal regard for he thought himselfe safe ynoughe in mainteyning the lyke state and porte or rather greater than euer hys father at anye tyme had maynteyned before hym Insomuche as hee woulde ryde with two thousande horse of the whiche number there were diuers errant theeues and robbers that were borne out in their vnlawfull and wicked practises by the same Erle Certaine Captaines of the Iles as Lachlan Makclayn and Murdac Gypson with a wicked number of the inhabitants of the same Iles haried spoyled Lennox is haried Iohn Colquhouen or Coguhuyn slaine and burnt the countrey of Lennox and slue Iohn Colquhouen laird of Lute vnder assurance They also slue women and children without respect to age or sexe This yeare chaunced a great dearth in Scotland A dearth the like was neuer heard of before and such a death by pestilence that few escaped that were taken therwith Pestilence and so the Realme was plagued with reif oppression dearth and death of people This yeare also the gouernour tooke the whole administration vpō him wherwith the Chancellor was displeased and leauing the king and him in Striueling repayred to Edenbourgh where he deuised the way how to recouer the king from the gouernor so one morning toke .xxiiij. men with him rode to the parke of Striueling where the king was then hunting The king went with the Chancellor to Edenbourgh and the gouernor absent at Perth so that the Chancellor did so much that he perswaded the king to goe with him to Edenbourgh The Chancellor as Hector Boetius hath had caused the number of foure thousande horsemen of his seruants tenants and friends secretly to be readie that morning about the towne of Striueling to resist his aduersaries if they should haue vsed any force against him and now vnderstanding of the kings going thus with the Chancellor they came to him on the way and attēding him brought him safely and without further trouble vnto Edenbourgh The gouernor when he was aduertised hereof was grieuously displeased but bycause he knew not how to remedy the matter he went to Edenbourgh The gouernor and Chancellor are made friendes there got Iohn Iunes Bishop of Murrey and Henrie Lichton Bishop of Abirdene to labour some agreement betwixte him and the Chancelor which they did in this wise The king to remaine in keeping of the Chancellor and the gouernor to continue his office And so by this accord they were made friendes The gouernor and Chancelor being thus agreed called a counsell of the nobles of the realme to be holden in Edenbourgh castell to the which amongst other came the Erle of Dowglas and as they were set to dinner 1440 the meate was sodenly remoued and a Bulles head presented to the Erle of Dowglas which in those dayes was a token of execution And immediately therevpon the sayde Earle with his brother Dauid The Earle of Dowglas is beheaded and Malcolme Flemming of Cumernald were beheaded before the castell gate After the death of the sayde Earle the state of the realme became more quiet for his vncle Iames Dowglas Baron of Abircorne that succeeded him being a man of great stature and verie fat gaue himselfe to quietnesse and liued but three yeares after The foresaid William had but one sister that was called the fayre mayden of Galloway and was maried vnto one William Dowglas sonne to this erle Iames before his deceasse that the heritage shoulde not be deuided bycause the Earledome of Dowglas was entayled vpon the heyres male and the landes of Wigton Balwanye Annardale and Ormont remayned to hir as heyre generall This Earle William after the deceasse of his father Erle Iames began to wax vnruly and to followe the maners of the other William Earle Dowglas lately beheded as before ye haue heard so that by support many disobediēt persons wold not obey the gouernor Chācellor whervpō sundry great slaughters oppressions were cōmitted The king after he came to the age of .xiiij. 1444 yeres woulde not any longer be vnder the gouernment of others but tooke the rule vpō himself The king will rule himselfe The Erle of Dowglas enformed thereof came vnto him at Striueling and put himselfe and all he had to remaine at his pleasure wherevpon the king receiued him pardoned all his passed misdemeanors and admitted him to be one of his speciall friends and priuie Councellers in al his affayres By his perswasion shortly after sir Alexander Leuingston and William Creichton being discharged of their offices were also put of from the Counsell and all their friends banished the Court and they themselues were sommoned to appeare before the king which bycause they refused to do they were proclamed rebels and put to the horne The Erle Dowglas then for the olde grudge he bare them raysed an army haried their lands In reuenge wherof sir William Chreichton spoyled the Erle of Dowglas his lands so that great trouble was raysed through the whole countrey the lands of Strabroke Abircorn the towne of Blacknesse were burnt destroyed The Earle of Dowglas ruled wholy about the king made Archebald his brother Erle of Murrey by ioyning him in mariage with a Lady of the house of Dunbar heretrix therof Moreouer Hew Dowglas was made erle of Ormont Thus the Erle of Dowglas aduanced his name ioyned in friendship with the Erle of Crawford w t Donald Erle of the Iles with the Erle of Ros to y e end that ech of thē should be assistāt to others In this meane time the Erle of Crawford at the request of the Erle of Dowglas tooke a great pray of goodes forth of the Bishop of S. Androws lands in Fife which Bishop hight Iames Keneder sisters son to K. Iames the first where through the Erle of Crawford on the one part and the Earle of Huntley with the Ogyluies on the other met at Arbrothe in sette battaile where the Erle of Crawford
long in skirmishyng that day with the Scottishmen retyred to Leith The nexte day the whole army with the great Artillery came forwarde towardes the towne and breakyng open the Cannogate Edenburgh entred by force they entred the towne by the same bryngyng their ordinaunce within sight of the Castell purposing to plante the same in battery agaynst it but the Capitayne of the castell caused the Artillery within to shoote of at them in so great aboundance and so good measure See more herof in EnglaÌ„d that they slew diuers Englishmen and dismounted one of their peeces so that in the ende they were constrayned to drawe backe their ordinaunce and retyred but yet in the meane time they set fire on the towne Edenburgh brent and breute the moste parte of all the houses in the same They brent also the Cannogate streete and the Abbey of holy roode house The Gouernour at that present released out of pryson the Erle of Angus Prysoners set at liberty the Lorde Maxwell the Master of Glencarne sir George Dowglas and others In this meane time also there came from the Bordures by lande foure thousande of English horsemenne vnder the conduction of the Lorde William Evers his sonne sir Raufe Evers who ioyning with the army at Leith skoured the countrey on euery side the towne of Edenburgh finally after that the English army had layne in Leith a certayne space Leith brent they brent that towne also and sent their shippes away fraught with pillage spoyles got aswell in that towne as in Edenburgh and abrode in the countrey backe towardes England And therewith the Erle of Hertford the Lord Admirall and others returned by land through the couÌ„try vnto Barwike as in the Englishe historie more at large appeareth Whylest the Englishe army was thus occupied in that part of ScotlaÌ„d the Erle of Lennox with an army of menne whiche he had raysed was ready to come on the backes of the Gouernour and his adherentes The Erle of Lennox if they had assembled their forces and come forewarde to haue gyuen the English men battayle For all this season the ciuill contention still continewed and sundry conflictes and skirmishes chanced betwixt the parties The English army hauing brente Edenburgh and harried the countrey aboute departed from Leith whiche towne they also brent and drew homewardes brenning and spoyling sundry Castelles Piles Villages Townes in their way Also where the Lorde Maxwell came in to the Erle of Hertforde for his double dealyng hee was stayed and brought into Englande Shortly after the returne of the English armie the Gouernour and the Lord Boyd came with an army to besiege the Castell of Glasquo which y e Erle of Lennox had lately againe recouered The Erle of Glencarne and other of the Erle of Lennox his friendes being at that present within Glasquo issued foorth vpon Glasquo Moore gaue the Gouernour battayle in the whiche the Larde of Campsketh mayster of the housholde to the Gouernour and vij The battayle of Glasquo wonne by the Gouernour score others of the surname of the HamiltoÌ„s loste their lyues but the victory yet remayned vpoÌ„ the Gouernours side Andrew Coningham sonne to the Erle of Glencarne Iames Coningham with George Tullough Captaine of the Erle of Lennox his shotte being slayne on that parte besides others of the meaner sorte Shortely after this ouerthrow the Erle of Lennox accompanied with Alexander the master of Glencarne otherwise called Lord of Kilmawse Walter Graham brother to the Erle of Montrose The Erle of Lennox goeth into England sir Iohn Borthwike knight and sundry other Gentlemen tooke the sea to passe into England arriued at Westchester aboute Midsomer passing from thence to the Court he was ioyfully receyued He marrieth the Lady Margaret Dowglas and immediatly therevpon was the mariage celebrated betwixt him and the Lady Margaret Dowglas daughter heyre to the Erle of Angus to Margaret his wife queene of Scottes sister to king Henry the eight at what time there was assured to him by way of inheritaunce Landes to the valewe of xvij hundreth markes of yearely rent of assise in consideration of this mariage with the Kings neece in recompence of landes loste by him in Fraunce to the whiche he was inheritour after the decease of Robert Steward Lorde Obenie Lord Obney one of the foure Marshals of Fraunce Moreouer kyng Henry beyng now vpon his iourney towards Bullongne aswell for the annoyance of his highnesse enimies in Scotland as for recouerie of the sayde Erles right in that realme The 〈◊〉 Lenâ—…e â—…neth â—…nto â—…land appointed the sayd Erle to enter Scotland in the moneth of August accoÌ„panied with sir Rise Maunffield sir Peter Mewtas knights M. Thomas Audley M. Thomas Brookes old M. Winter coÌ„pâ—…oller of the Kings ships his sonne sir William Winter that now is sundry other Capitaynes hauing vnder their charge two hundred hakebutters two hundred Archers with long vowes and two huÌ„dred armed pikes beside the Mariners belongyng to those shippes that were appoynted to goe foorth in this iourney beyng in number aboute xij or xiiij sayle belonging to Bristow and other of the West partes Vpon their arriual on the coast of Scotland they brent the Iâ—…e of Arrane and rased the gouernours Castell there to the grounde The Isle of Bute taken And afterwards arriuing at the Isle of Bute they entred the same and tooke the Castell of Rosey standing therein from whence the Stewardes kings of Scotland had theyr originall the Capitaine they had away prisoner with them into England Here also they tooke twoo Frenche shippes laden with wines and this done they entred the Firth of Clyde thinking to find none but their frendes in the Castell of Dunbertane but the truth is that in this meane time the Erle of Glencarne with sundry gentlemen being left in that Castell with the Capitayne thereof called Houson to keepe it in the name and to the behoufe of the Erle of Lennox were in his absence perswaded through practise of the queene Dowager not onely to renounce theyr promised faith to him in defrauding him of that Castell but also to entrappe and winde him within their daunger to take him prysoner For whiche purpose they so dissembled the matter that they had gotte him a lande onely with three hundred menne The Erle of Lennox in daunger to betrayed anâ—… taken and so farre foorth they were growen in talke that the Erle of Lennox beyng entred into the Castell with a fewe other with him the money was layde downe on the boorde to be payde to the Capitayne for his satisfaction But in the meane tyme the Erle of Lennox and suche as were with him perceyuing some treasonable practise in hande gotte foorth of the house agayne vnto theyr companie below leauing the money behinde them and after made shifte to gette to theyr shippes and not before it was high time for if they had stayed
termed Scald brothers hole a Laberinth reachyng two large myles vnder the earth Scald brother This hole was in olde tyme frequented by a notorious théefe named scalde brother wherin he would hyde all the bag and baggage he could pilfer The varlet was so swifte on foote as he hath eftsoones outrun the swiftest and lustriest yong men in all Ostmantowne maugre theyr heds bearing a potte or a panne of theyrs on his shoulders to his den And now and then in derision of such as pursued hym he would take hys course vnder the gallowes which standeth very nigh hys caue a fitte signe for such an Inne and so beyng shrowded within his lodge he reckened himself cocksure none beyng found at that tyme so hardy as would aduenture to entangle himselfe within so intricate a maze But as the pitcher that goeth often to the water commeth at length home brokē so this lusty youth would not surcease from open catchyng forcible snatchyng and priuy prowling to time he was by certain gaping groomes that laye in wayte for him intercepted Scald brother executed fléeing toward his couch hauyng vpon his apprehension no more wrong done hym then that he was not sooner hanged on that gallowes through which in his youth iollitie he was woont to run There standeth in Ostmantowne gréene an hillocke named little Iohn hys shot Little Iohn The occasion procéeded of this 1189. In the yere 1189. there ranged thrée robbers and outlawes in England among which Robert hoode and little Iohn were chiefetaines of all théefes doubtlesse the most courteous Robert hoode beyng betrayed at a Noonry in Scotland Robert hoode called Bricklies the remnaunt of the crue was scattered and euery man forced to shift for himselfe Wherupō little Iohn was fayne to flie the realme by sayling into Ireland where he soiourned for a few dayes at Dubline The citizens beyng done to vnderstand the wanderyng outcast to be an excellent archer requested hym hartily to trie how far he could shoote at randone Who yeldyng to their behest stoode on the bridge of Dublin and shotte to that mole hill leauyng behynde him a monument rather by his posteritie to be woondered then possibly by any man liuyng to be counterscored But as the repayre of so notorious a champion to any countrey would soone be published so his abode could not be long concealed and therefore to eschew the daunger of lawes he fled into Scotland where he dyed at a towne or Village called Morany Gerardus Mercator Little Iohn deceased in his Cosmographye affirmeth that in the same towne the bones of an huge and mighty man are kept which was called little Iohn amōg which bones y e huckle bone or hipbone was of such largenesse as witnesseth Hector Boethius y t he thrust his arme through y e hole therof And the same bone beyng suted to the other partes of his body did argue the man to haue bene 14. foote long which was a prety length for a little Iohn Whereby appeareth that he was called little Iohn ironically lyke as we terme him an honest man whom we take for a Knaue in grayne The king his land Nere vnto the citie of Dubline are the foure auncient Manours annexed to the crowne which are named to this day the kinges lande to wit Newcastle Tassaggard Eschyre Crumlyn Crumlyn The manour of Crumlyn payeth a greater chiefe rent to the prince then any of the other thrée which procéeded of this The Seneschall beyng offended with the tenants for their misdemeanor toke them vp very sharply in the court and with rough and minatory speaches began to menace thē The lobbishe and desperate clobberiousnesse takyng the matter in dudgeon made no more wordes but knockt their Seneschald on the costard left hym there sprawling on the grounde for dead For which detestable murder their rent was enhaunced and they pay at this day ix pence an acre which is double to any of the other thrée manours Waterford was founded by Sitaracus waterford as is aforesayd in the yere 155. Manapia Ptolome nameth it Manapia but why he appropriateth y e name to this citye neither doth he declare nor I gesse This city is properly builded and very well compacte somewhat close by reason of their thicke buildinges and narrowe stréetes The hauen is passing good by which the citizens through the entercourse of forreine traphike in short space attayne to aboundaunce of welth The soyle about it is not all of the best by reason of which the ayre is not very subtill yet nathelesse the sharpnesse of theyr wittes séemeth to be nothyng rebated or duld by reason of the grosenesse of the ayre For in good sooth the townesmen and namely y e studentes are pregnant in conceiuing quicke in takyng and sure in kepyng The citizens are very héedy and wary in all their publique affairs flow in determining matters of weight louing to loke ere they leape In chosing their magistrate they respect not onely his riches but also they weigh his experience And therfore they elect for their Maior neyther a riche man that is young nor an olde man that is poore They are cherefull in the entertaynement of straungers hartye one to an other nothing giuen to factions They loue no idle benche whistlers nor luskishe faytoures for yong and old are wholy addicted to thriuing the men commonly to traffike the women to spinnyng and carding As they distill the best Aqua vitae so they spin the choysest rugge in Ireland A friend of myne beyng of late demurrant in London and the weather by reason of an hard hoare froste beyng somewhat nippyng repayred to Paris garden clad in one of these Waterford rugs The mastiefes had no sooner espyed him but déeming he had bene a Beare would fayne haue bayted him And were it not that the dogs were partely moozeled and partly chayned he doubted not but that he should haue bene well tugd in hys Irishe rugge wherupon he solemnly vowed neuer to sée Bearebayting in any such wéed The city of Waterford hath continued to the crowne of Englande so loyall that it is not found registred since the cōquest to haue bene disteyned with the smallest spot or dusked w t the least freckle of treason notwithstandyng the sundry assaults of trayterous attemptes and therfore the cities armes are deckt with this golden worde The poesie of waterford Intacta manet a poesie as well to be hartily followed as greatly admired of all true and loyall townes Limmericke Limmericke called in Latine Limmericū was builded by Yuorus as is before mentioned about the yere 155. This citie coasteth on the sea hard vpon the riuer Sennan Sennan the riuer of Limmericke wherby are most notably seuered Mounster and Connaght the Irish name this city Loumneagh and thereof in Englishe it is named Limmerick Limmericke why is called The town is planted in an Island which plot in olde tyme before the buildyng of the citie
aboade battayle eche man recoueryng hys owne wyth the state of gouernement Thus in effecte haue the Irish writers reported of Turgesius a Norwegian whether he did reygne before the supposed tyme of 〈◊〉 or whether that hee came thyther as Lieuetenaunt to him whiche if it shoulde bee true no doubte the same Gurmonde was some Kyng of the Danes or Norweygians and not of the Affricanes as some of our countreymen name hym Which errour is soone committed in takyng one Heathenishe nation for an other Gurmonde as those haue doone that haue named the Hungarians when they inuaded Gallia before they were Christians Sarazins And so lykewyse might that authour who so euer he was whom Geffrey of Monmouth foloweth fynding Gurmonde written to be a king of the myscreantes mistake the Norwegians for Affricanes bicause both those nations were Infidels and therefore sith haply the Affricanes in the dayes when that Author lyued bare al the brute aboue other Heathenishe nations then as the Turkes do nowe he named them Africanes Howe soeuer it was certayne it is that the Danes or Norwegians made sundrie inuasions into Irelande and that at seuerall tymes But for Turgesius whether hee were an absolute Kyng or but a Lieutenant of some armye vnder some other king named Gurmonde or peraduenture Gormo as suche names are soone corrupted I can not affirme bycause that no certayne tyme is sette downe in the Chronicles whyche are written of those Nations whereby they maye bee so reconciled together as suffiseth to warrant any lykely coniecture in this behalfe But if I shoulde saye with the Readers licence what I thinke this Gurmonde what so euer he was made no suche conquest of Irelande nor of this our Ile of Britayn as by some writers is supposed but yet myght he peraduenture lande in Wales and eyther in fauoure of the Saxons then enimyes to the Britons or in hatred of the Christian name persecute by cruell warres the Brytishe nation and vse suche crueltie as the Heathenishe nations then were accustomed to practise agaynst the Christians in all places where they came and chaunced to haue the vpper hande The chiefest cause that moueth me to doubte therof is for that I fynd not in any of our approued auncient Englishe writers as Bede Malmesburye Huntingdon Houeden or suche lyke anye playne mention made of hym whereby I may be throughly induced to credite that whyche I fynde in Geffrey Monmouth and others recorded of hym except his name be mistaken and so therby some errour crept in which I am not able to resolue But sith we are entred to speake thus farre of the Norwegians heere by the waye I haue thoughte it not impertinente to the purpose of thys Irishe historie to write what wee fynde recorded in the Chronicles of those northernlye Regions Denmarke Norwey Alber. Crants Saxo Graâ—â— and Sweden written by Saxo Grammaticus Albertus Crantz and others concernyng the sundry inuasions made by the Danes Norweygians or Normans whether we lyst to cal them into Irelande Fridley or Fridlenus king of Denmarke Fridlenus that succeded Dan the thirde of that name surnamed the swift arriuing in Irelande Dublyn besieged besieged the citie of Dublyn and perceyuing by the strength of the walles that it wold be an hard matter to wynne it by playne force of hand without some cunning policie he deuised to catche a sorte of swallowes that had made their nestes in the houses within the towne tyed wylde fire to their wyngs and therwith caste them vp and suffered them to flye their wayes Dublyn set on fyre and vvâ—â— by the Danes whervpon they comming to theyr nestes set the houses on fire whiche whyles the citziens went aboute to quenche the Danes entred the citie and wanne it After this the Danes went to Dublin Dublin wonne which towne they easily tooke and founde suche store of riches and treasure therein that euery man hadde somuche as hee coulde wishe or desire so as they needed not to fall out among themselues for the partition sith there was so muche for each mans share as hee coulde conueniently carrie away Thus hath Saxo Grammaticus written in effect of Starcaters comming into Irelande of whome the Danish writers make such mention both for his huge stature and greate manhoode Some haue thoughte that Starcater was the very same man whiche the Scottes name Finmackcole of whome in the Scottishe Historie we haue made mention but where as the Scottish writers affirme that he was a Scottishman borne the Danish writers reporte that hee was borne in Eastlande among the people called Estones Reignirus the sonne of Siwardus Reignirus the second King of Denmarke hauyng atchieued sundry victories in Englande and Scotlande and subdued the Isles of Orkney hee passed likewise into Irelande Melbrick K. of Irelande slayne slewe Melbricke King of that lande and tooke the Citie of Dublin by siege where hee remayned the whole tearme of twelue moneths before he departed from thence Gurmo the third of that name king of Denmarke After this Gurmo the third of that name king of Denmarke although an Infidell hymselfe and a cruell persecuter of the Christian Religion yet tooke to wife a Christian Ladie named Thyra He marieth Thira daughter to Etheldred King of Englande Canute and Harolde daughter to Etheldred King of EnglaÌ„d who had issue by him two sonnes Knaught or Canute and Harold prouing men of high valiancie and notable prowes in so muche that after the atchieuing of dyuers worthy victories againste the enimies neere home they made a voyage into Englande not sparing to inuade the Dominions of theyr Graundfather King Etheldred who rather reioycing than seeming to be offended with those manlike enterprises of his cousins proclaymed them hys heyres to succeede after hym in all hys landes and dominions although of ryghte the same were to descende fyrst vnto theyr mother Thira The yong menne beeyng encouraged with theyr Graundfathers bountifull magnificence attempted the inuasion of Irelande They inuade Irelande Canute is slayne where at the siege of Dublin Canute or Knought the elder brother was shotte into the body with an arrowe and dyed of the wounde howbeit hys deathe was kept close by hys owne commaundemente gyuen before hee dyed till hys people hadde gote the Citie into their possession But the gayne was small in respect of the losse whiche was thoughte to redounde vnto the whole Danishe nation by the deathe of that noble yong Gentleman Canute who for hys hygh prowesse and valiancie was most tenderly beloued of all menne but namely of his father King Gormo in so muche that hee sware to kill hym with hys owne handes who so euer shoulde first tell hym newes of hys deathe This Gormo was nowe a man farre striken in age and blinde hauyng small ioy of anye worldly pleasures otherwise than to heate of the welfare prosperous proceedings of his sonnes When therefore hys wife Queene Thira hadde perfect aduertisemente of hir
vnto and the groundes manured to the most profit and to cause the bodies of the templers attached to be so deteyned in al safetie as that they be not yet cōmitted to Irons nor to streyght prison but to remayne in some conuenient place other than their owne houses and to be found of the goods so seazed accordingly as falleth for their estates till he haue otherwise in commaundemente from the King and what is done herein to certifie into the Escheker the morrowe after the Purification The date of this seconde writte was from Biflet the twentith of December There was lykewise a writte directed to Iohn Wogan Lorde Iustice of Irelande signifying vnto him what should be done in England touching the apprehēsion of the Templers and seazure of their lāds and goodes commaunding him to proceede in Temblable manner against them in Irelande but the day and place when the Sherifes should there assemble was lefte to the discretion of the sayde Iustice and Treasorer of the Escheker there but so as the same might be done before any rumour of this thing coulde be brought ouer out of England thither Also a like commaundemente was sent vnto Iohn de Britaigne Erle of Richmōd Lorde Warden of Scotlande and to Eustace Cotesbache Chamberlayne of Scotland Also to Walter de Pederton Lorde Iustice of West Wales to Hugh Aldigheleygh Alias Auderley Lord Iustice of North Wales and to Roberte Holland Lord Iustice of Chester Thus muche for the Templers But now to other doings in Irelande In the yeere .1308 the .xij. of April 1308 deceassed Peter de Birmingham a noble warriour and one that had bin no small scourge to the Irish The eleuenth of May the Castell of Kennun was brente and dyuers of them that hadde it in keeping were slayne by William Macbalther This Macbalther was after hanged at Dublin The Lord Iustice discomfited 1308 and other of the Irishe and likewise the towne of Courcouly was brente by the same malefactors And the sixth of Iune Iohn Lorde Wogan Lorde Iustice was discomfited neere to Glindelorie where Iohn de Saint Hogelin Iohn Norton Iohn Breton and many other were slayne The sixteenth of Iune Dunlouan Tobir and many other Townes were brent by the Irish Rebels About thys season Iohn Decer Maior of Dublin builded the highe Pipe there Iohn Decer Maior of Dublin and the bridge ouer the Liffie towardes Saint Vlstons and a Chappell of our Ladie at the Friers Minors where he was buried repaired the Churche of the Friers Preachers and euery Friday tabled the Friers at his owne coastes Iohn Wogan hauing occasion to passe into England Burgh William Burgh supplied his roomth vnto whome Kyng Edwarde recommended Peers de Gaueston Piers Gaueston sent into Irelande when contrary to the kings minde he was banished by the Lordes of Englande and about the Natiuitie of oure Lady hee came ouer into Irelande beeyng sente thyther by the King with many Iewels and beside the letters which he brought of recommendation from the King he had assigned to him the commodities royall of that Realme whiche bredde some trouble and bickerings there betwixte Richarde Burgh Earle of Vlster and the sayd Gaueston who notwithstanding bought the good willes of the Souldiers with his liberalitie slew Dermot Odempcy subdued Obren edifyed sundry Castels Causeys and bridges but the next yeere he was reuoked home by the King as in the history of England it may appeare In the vigill of Simon and Iude Lord Roger Mortimer the Lorde Roger Mortimer landed in Irelande with hys wife righte heire to the Seigneurie of Meth as daughter to Piers Genuille that was sonne vnto the Lord Geffrey Genuille whiche Geffrey became a Frier at Trym of the order of y e Preachers by reason whereof the Lorde Mortimer and his wife entred into possession of the landes of Meth. In the yeere .1309 on Candlemas day 1309 Lord Iohn Bonneuille slayne the Lorde Iohn Bonneuill was slayne neere to the towne of Ardscoll by the Lorde Arnold Power and his complices his body was buried at Athy in the Church of the Friers Preachers 1310 In the yeere following at a Parliamente holden at Kildare the Lord Arnold Power was acquit of that slaughter for that it was prooued it was done in his owne defence Shortly after Rowland Ioice the Primate stale by night in his Pontificals from Howthe to the Priory of Grace dieu where the Bishops seruants met him and with force chased him out of the diocesse This Bishop was named Iohn a Leekes and was consecrated not long before hee kept this sturre Richard Earle of Vlster with a greate armie came to Bonrath in Thothmond Sir Richarde de Clare where Sir Roberte or rather sir Richard de Clare discomfited his power tooke Sir William de Burgh prisoner or as some bookes haue the Earle hymselfe Iohn Lacie the sonne of Walter Lacie Iohn Lacy slayne diuers other were slayne The .xij. of Nouēber this yere Richard de Clare slewe .600 of the Galagheghas Iohn Margoghedan was slaine by Omolmoy Also Donat Obrene was murthered by his owne men in Tothemonde 1312 Robert Verdō reyseth a riotous tumulte Iohn Wogan Lord iustice The one and twentie of Februarie beganne a riot in Vrgile by Roberte Verdon for the appeasing whereof an Army was ledde thither by Iohn Wogan Lord chiefe Iustice in the beginning of Iuly but the same was discomfited and diuers men of accompt slayne as Sir Nicholas Auenell Patricke de Roch and other At length yet the sayde Roberte Verdon and many of hys complices came and submitted themselues to prison within the Castell of Dublin abidyng there the Kings mercie The Lord Edmond Butler was made deputie Iustice vnder the Lorde Iohn Wogan who in the lent next ensuing besieged the Obrenes in Glindelowe and compelled them to yeelde themselues to the Kings peace Also in the yeere abouesayde .1312 Maurice Fitz Thomas married the Ladye Katherine daughter to the Earle of Vlster at Greene Castell and Thomas Fitz Iohn married an other of the sayd Earles daughters in the same place but not on the same day for the first of those two marriages was celebrated the morrow after S. Dominikes day and this seconde marriage was kept the morrow after the feast of the assumption of our Lady Also Robert de Bruce ouerthrew the Castell of Man and tooke the Lorde Donegan Odowil on Saint Barnabies day In the yeere .1313 Iohn a Leekes Archbishop of Dublin departed this life 1313 Campion After whose decease were elected in scisme and deuision of sides two Successors Walter Thorneburie Lord Chancellor and Alexander Bignor Tresurer of Ireland The Chancellor to strengthen his election hastily went to sea and togither with .156 other persons perished by Shipwracke The other submitting his cause to the proces of lawe tarried at home and spedde The Earle of Vlsters sonne and heire deceasseth Moreouer the Lorde Iohn de Burgh sonne and heire vnto
that such as were knowne for open and apparant traytours in the commotion were for the more part executed or with rounde summes fined or from the realme exiled certaine gentlemen of worship were sent from Englande Commissioners sent to Ireland with Commission to examine eche person suspected wyth Thomas his treason and so according to theyr discretion eyther with equitie to execute or with clemencie to pardon all such as they could proue to haue furthered hym in his disloyall Commotion Commissioners were these Their names sir Anthonie Sentleger knight sir George Paulet knight maister Moyle and maister Barnes Much aboute this tyme was there a Parliament holden at Dublin before the Lord Leonarde Gray Lorde Deputie A Parliament 1539 beginning the first of May in the .xxviij. yeare of the raigne of Henrie the eight In this Parliament there past An Act For the attainder of the Erle of Kildare and Thomas Fitz Giralde with others For the succession of the King and Queene Anne Of absenties wherein was graunted to the king the inheritance of such landes in Irelande whereof the Duke of Norffolke and George Talbot Earle of Waterford and Solop were seysed with the inheritances of diuerse other corporations and couents demurrant in England For the repeale of Ponings Act. Authorising the king his heyres and successours to be supreme heade of the Church of Irelande That no subiects or resiants of Irelande shall pursue or commence vse or execute any maner of prouocations appeales or other processe from the Sea of Rome vpon paine of incurring the prenmnire Agaynst such as slaunder the King or his heyres apparant For the first fruites Of sir Walter Delahyde knight his landes in Carbeyre graunted to the king How persons robbed shall bee restored to theyr goodes Restrayning trybutes to be graunted to Irishmen Agaynst Proctors to be any member of the Parliament Agaynst marying or fostering with or to Irishmen Agaynst the authoritie of the Sea of Rome For the twentith part For the English order habite and language For the suppressing of Abbayes For the lading of Wooll and flockes For the proufe of Testaments Of faculties Declaring the effect of Ponings Act. Of penall statutes For the weres vpon Barrou and other waters in the Countrey of Kilkenny For the person of Dongarun For leazers of corne As for the olde Earle of Kildare who in this Parliament was attainted for diuerse presumptions in the preamble of the sayde Act rehearsed certaine it is The olde Erle of Kildare his wishe before his death that the reuolt of his sonne Thomas Fitz Giralde smote him so deepely to the heart as vpon the report thereof hee deceassed in the Tower wishing in his death bed that eyther he had died before he had heard of the rebellion or that his brainlesse boy had neuer liued to rayse the like commotion This Earle of such as did not stomacke his proceedings was taken for one that bare hymselfe in all his affayres verie honourably a wise deepe and farre retebing man in warre valyant without rashnesse and politique wythoute treacherie Such a suppressour of rebelles in his gouernment His seruice as they durst not beare armour to the annoyance of any subiect whereby he heaped no small reuenues to the crowne enryched the king his treasure garded with securitie the pale continued the honour of his house and purchased enuie to his person His hospitalitie and deuotion His great hospitalitie is to this day rather of eche man commended than of any one followed He was so religious addicted to the seruing of God as what tyme soeuer he trauayled to any part of the Countrey such as were of his Chapell should be sure to accompanie him Among other rare gyftes hee was with one singular qualitie endued which were it put in practise by such as are of his calling might minister great occasion as well to the abandoning of flattring cary tales as to the stayed quietnesse of noble potentates For if any whispered vnder Benedicite a sinister report or secrete practise that tended to the disteyning of his honour or to the perill of hys person he woulde straytly examine the informer whether the matter he reported were past or to come If it were sayde or done he was accustomed to lay sore to his charge where and of whom he heard it or how he could iustifie it If he found him to halte in the proufe he woulde punish him as a pikethanke makebate for being so maliciously caried as for currying fauour to himselfe he woulde labour to purchase hatred to another But if the practise were future and hereafter to be put in execution then woulde hee suspende the credite vsing withall such wary secrecie as vntill the matter came to the pinche the aduersarie should thinke that hee was moste ignorant when he was best prouided The olde Erle of Kildare hys policie when his death was conspired As being in Dublyn forewarned that Iohn Olurckan with certaine desperate Varlets conspired his destruction and that they were determined to assault him vpon his returne to Maynoth hee had one of his seruants named Iames Graunt Iohn Olurckā Iames Graunt that was much of his pitche and at a blush did somewhat resemble him attyred in his ryding apparaile and namely in a skarlet Cloake wherewith he vsed to be clad Graunt in thys wise masking in his Lordes attyre roade as hee was commaunded in the beaten highe way towardes Manoth with sixe of the Earle his seruantes attending vpon him The Conspiratours awayting towards Lucan the comming of the Earle encountered the disguised Lorde and not doubting but it had beene Kildare they began to charge him but the other amazed therwith cryed that they tooke theyr marke amisse for the Earle roade to Manoth on the further side of Liffic Wherewith the murtherers appalled fled away but incontinently were by the Earle apprehended susteyning the punishment that such caytifes deserued This noble man was so well affected to his wife the Ladie Gray as he woulde not at any tyme buy a sute of apparell for himselfe but hee woulde sute hir with the same stuffe Whiche gentlenesse she recompenced with equall kindenesse For after that he deceassed in the Tower she did not only euer after liue as a chast and honourable Vidue The Ladie Grayes kindnesse to hir husband but also nightly before shee went to bed she would resort to his picture and there with a solemne congee she woulde bid hir Lorde goodnight Whereby may bee gathered with howe great loue shee affected his person that had in such price his bare picture An other Act that did passe in this Parliament touching absenties proceeded of this occasion Giralde Aylmer Maister Girald Aylmer who first was chief Baron of the Exchequer after chiefe Iustice of the Common place was occasioned for certain his affayres to repaire to the Court of Englād Where being for his good seruice greatly countenanced by such as were in those dayes taken for the pillers
vpon Saint Laurence day caused all the corne in the Countrey about and namely that which belonged to the sayd Abbay to be spoyled and brought into a Castell which he had in keeping not far froÌ„ thence Eustace king Stephens son and Simon Earle of Northamton depart this life both in one weeke But as he sat down to meat the same day vpoÌ„ receiuing the first morsel he fell mad as writers haue reported miserably ended his life The same week of a like disease Simon Erle of NorthaÌ„pton departed this world so two of the chiefest aduersaries which Duke Henrie had were rid out of the way Eustace was buried at Feuersam in Kent erle Simon at NorthaÌ„pton The Earlr of Chester deceasseth About the same time also that noble valiaÌ„t erle of Chester called Ranulf departed this life a maÌ„ of such stoutnesse of stomacke y t vneth might death make him to yeeld or shewe any token of feare He was poisoned as was thought by William Peuerell And whereas king Stephen was the cause of all the troubles in hauing vsurped an other mannes rightfull inheritaunce it pleased God to moue his hart now at leÌ„gth to couet peace which he had euer before abhorred The cause that moued him chiefly to chaunge his former purpose was for that his sonne Eustace by speedie death was taken out of this worlde as before yee haue heard which losse seemed great not onely to the father but also to al those Lords and other which had euer taken his parte bycause he was a yong man so well lyked of all men The Ladie Constance 〈◊〉 to Eustace 〈◊〉 home that he was iudged to be borne to all honour But his wife CoÌ„stance aboue measure tooke his death moste sorowfully and the more indeede for that shee had brought forth no issue by him wherevpon she was shortly after sente honourably home to hir father King Lewes with hir dower other rich and princely gyftes King Stephen therefore seeing him depriued of his onely sonne vnto whome hee mynded to leaue the kingdome which he so earnestly sought establish to him by warlyke trauaile and that againe the French kings ayde woulde not bee so readie as heretofore it had beene wherevpon he much stayed nowe that the bondes of affinitie were abolished he began then a length although not immediatly vpo his sonnes deceasse to withdraw his minde from fantasying the warre and enclyned it altogither to peace King Stephen began to encline his mind to peace which inclination being perceyued those Nobles that were glad to see the state of their Countrey quieted did theyr best to further it namely the Archbishop of Canterbury Theobald Mat. Par. trauailed ernestly to bring the princes to some agreement now talking with the king now sending to the duke vsing al meanes possible to make theÌ„ both at one Ger. Do. The Bishop of Winchester also that had caused all the trouble vpon consideration of the great calamities wherwith the land was most miserably afflicted began to wish an end thereof Whervpon the lordes spirituall temporall were called togither at Winchester about the latter end of NoueÌ„ber that they might also with their consentes confirme that which the king and duke should conclude vpon An assembly of Lordes at Winchester Thus was there a publike assemble made in the citie of Winchester whither also duke Henrie came and being ioyfully receyued of the king in the Bishops Palace they were made friendes the king admitting the duke for his sonne the duke the king for his father A peace concluded betwixt the king and the duke And so the agreemeÌ„t which through the careful suite of the Archbishop of CaÌ„terburie had beene with such diligence to good effect laboured was now confirmed The chief articles whereof were these That king Stephen during his naturall life should remaine king of England Some writers haue recorded that duke HeÌ„rie should presently by this agreement enâ—…oy hâ—…lfe the realm of Englande that HeÌ„rie the Empresses sonne shoulde enioy the dukedome of Normandie and further be proclamed heyre apparant to succeede in the kingdome and gouernment of Englande after the deceasse of Stephen Moreouer such noble men other which had taken either the one partie or the other during the time of the ciuill warres should be in no daunger for the same but enioy theyr lands possessions liuings according to their auncient rightes and titles There was also consideration had of a sonne whiche King Stephen had named William who though hee were very yong was yet appoynted to sweare fealtie vnto duke Henrie as lawfull heyre to the crowne The same William had the Citie of Norwich diuerse other landes assigned him for the maintenance of his estate that by the consent and agreement of duke HeÌ„rie his adopted brother Moreouer it was concluded that the king should resume take into his hands againe all those portions and parcels of inheritance belonging to the crowne as he had giuen away or were otherwise vsurped by any maner of person and that all those possessions which by any intrusion had beene violently taken froÌ„ the right owners fith the dayes of king Henrie shoulde bee again restored to them that were rightly possessed in the same by the dayes of the aforesayd king Moreouer it was agreed Mat. Par. Castels to be rased in number .1115 that all those Castels which contrarie to all reason and good order had beene made and builded by any maner of person in the dayes of King Stephen shoulde be ouerthrowne and cast downe whiche in number were founde to bee .xj. hundred and fiftene The king also vndertooke to refourme all such misorders as the warre had brought in as to restore fermers to their holdings to repayre the decayed buyldisss to store the pastures and leassues with cattell the hilles with sheepe to see that the Cleargie might enioy theyr due quietnesse and not to be oppressed with any vndue exactions to place Sherifes where they had beene accustomed to beare rule with instructions giuen to them to deale vprightly in causes so as offenders might not escape through brybes or any other respect of friendship but that euery man might receyue according to right and equitie that which was his due That Souldiers shoulde conuert theyr swords as Esay sayth into Culters and plough shares theyr Speares into Mattockes and so returne from the campe to the plough and suche as were wont to keepe watche in the night season might now sleepe and take theyr rest without any daunger That the husbande man might bee relieued of all vexation and that Marchant men and occupiers might enioy theyr trade of occupying to theyr aduauncement one kind and maner of siluer coyne to runne through the lande so as the war that had continued now for the space of .xvij. yeares might in this sort bee brought to ende and fully pacified These things being thus concluded at Winchester the king tooke
greatly Thomas Becket that afterward succeeded him Which Becket was also borne in London moreouer his father hight Gilbert but his mother was a Syrian borne and by religion a Sarazin howbeit without all respect of his parents this Becket grew so highly in fauour with the king The authoritie of Becket An. reg 6. and might doe so much in England that he seemed to reigne as if he had bin associat with him also in the kingdom and being lord Chancellor the king sent ouer into England Richard Lucy in his company with sundry letters in his fauoure thereby to procure his election to that sea whiche was broughte to passe according to the kings desire at Westminster He is consecrat Archbishop VVil. Paruus 1162 Quadrilogâ—…um ex vita etusdeÌ„ Thoâ—â—â— afterward also he was ordeined at Canterbury on the Saterday in the Whitson weeke by Henry Bishop of Winchester although there be that write how Walter bishop of Rochester did consecrate him whiche consecration was in the xliiij yeare of his age and in the fifth yeare after his first aduancement to the office of Lord ChaÌ„cellor so that he was the .38 Archbish which gouerned in that sea The same yeare but towarde the end Henry the kings soâ—â—â—eceyued homage of the barons first Normandie and after in England In the yeare ensuâ—â—â—g the King his father comitted him to the Archebishop Becket The Archbis a better courtyer than a preacher that he might see him brought vp and trained in maners and courtâ—…y behauior as apertained to his estate Whervpon the Archbish â–ª in gaâ—â— called by in his sin The Queene brought to beâ—… of a daughter An entervevv An. reg 9. 1163. N. Triuet This yeere at Rohan Queene Elianor was brought whâ—â—â—of a daughter that was named Elianor â–ª 〈◊〉 like â—â—â—ner the thâ—â—kings of EnglaÌ„d and France at Cocy vpon â—â—yre receiued Pope Alexander the third with al honor and reuerence in somuch that they attâ—â—ded on his stiâ—â—pe a foote like pages or footmen the one vpon his right side the other on his left In Iâ—â—uary also ensuing the king returned into Englande Homage of the K. of Scottes the same yere the K. of Scottes did homage vnto Henrye the yonger and deliuered to the Kyng his father his younger brother Dauid with dyuers other the sonnes of his lordes and barons in pledge for assurance of the peace to be kepte betwene them for euermore with some such castels with the conclusion of the leage as he required In the mean tyme the Archbishop Thomas went to the counsell holden by Pope Alexander at Towres in the Octaues of Pentecost A Counsel at Tours when he resigned into the Popes handes as the fame went his Bishoprick by reason he was troubled in conscience in that he had receiued it by the kings prefermeÌ„t but this was shortely doone and the Pope allowing his purpose coÌ„mitted the same pastorlike dignitie to him again by his ecclesiastical power wherby the Archbish was eased very wel of his grief shortly after his returne also from this counsell he seemed desirous to bring home such rights as he pretended to belong vnto the church of Canterbury wherby he ran into the displeasure of many namely of the mightiest moreouer he required of the king the keeping of Rochester Castell and the tower of London The Archbish. practiseth treason secretly Also he alledged that Saltwood and Hiâ—…h belonged perticularly to the seigniorie of hys sea he called also Roger Earle of Clare vnto Westminster to doe his homage vnto him for the Castell of Tunbridge Homage for the casteil of Tunbridge but the Earlâ—… denyed it through setting on of the king alledging all the fee thereof to appertayne rather to the king than to the Archbishop Thus the Archbish was troubled and therwithall the kings fauour more and more apered dayly to fal from hym as afore For ye must vnderstaÌ„d that this was not the first nor second tyme that the king had shewed tokens of his displeasure against him but the eight tyme. Mat. Paris Mat. VVest After this vpon the fyrste day of Iuly Ryse Prince of Southwales with diners other lordes and nobles of Wales didde homage both to the king and to his sonne Henry at Woodstocke An. reg 10. Iomage of the velchmen 1164 N. Triuet Hamlyn y e kings bastard brother maried y e CouÌ„tesse of Warrein the widow of William Earle of Mortaigne that was bastarde sonne to king Stephen This countesse was the sole daughter and heire of William the third earle of Warrein which went with Lewes king of Fraunce into the holy land there dyed Sone after y e Welchemen rebelled with their Prince Ryce and his vncle Owen and did diuers displeasures on y e Marches and by the death of Waltar Gyfford earle of Buckingham which deceased this yeare without heyre that Earledome came to the Kinges handes The .xx. daye of SepteÌ„ber were .iij. circles seene to compasse the sunne Mat. Paris and so continued the space of .iij. houres together which wheÌ„ they vanished away it appered y e two Sunnes sprang forth again after a maruellous manner Whiche strange sight the coÌ„mon people imagined to be a signe or token of the controuersie that was then in hand betwixt the king and the Archbishop Vnto these reasons thus proponed by the Kyng to haue hys purpose to take effecte the Archbishoppe and his Suffraganes the rest of the Bishoppes answered very pithely to proue that it was more againste the liberties of the Church than that they might with reason wel allow of Wherevppon the Kyng beyng moued greeuously towardes them asked of them whether they would obserue his royall lawes and customes which the Archbyshops and Byshops in time of his grandfather dyd hold and obserue or not who therevnto made aunswer that they would obserue them Their order saued their order in all things saued But the King being highly offeÌ„ded with such exceptions vrged the matter so that he woulde haue them to take their oth absolutely and withoute all exceptions but they woulde none of that The Kyng offended vvith the Bishops At length hee departed from London very much displeased with the Bishoppes when he had firste taken from the Archbishop Thomas all his offices and dignities which he occupyed since his first being created Chancellour Howbeit after this many of the Bishoppes seeyng whervnto thys geare would turne began to shrinke from the Archbishop and enclined to the Kings syde But the Archbyshoppe stiffely stoode in hys opinion and woulde not bende at all till at length not only his Suffraganes the Bishops but also the Byshoppe of Liseux that was come ouer to do some good in the matter R. Houe and likewise the Abbot of Elemosina sente from the Pope perswaded him to agree to the Kyngs will in so much that finally ouercome with the earnest sute of his frieÌ„ds hee came firste to Wodstocke R. Houe 1164.
stoode by him I deliuer my selfe an vnworthie and grieuous sinner vnto you the ministers of God by this corde beseeching our Lorde Iesus Christ whiche pardoned the theefe confessing hys faultes on the Crosse that throughe your prayers and for his great mercyes sake it may please him to bee mercifull vnto my soule wherevnto they all answered Amen Then sayde he vnto them drawe me out of this bedde with this Corde and lay me in that bedde strewed with Ashes which he had of purpose prepared and as he commaunded so they did He is drawne out of his bed a thing vnlike to be true and they layde at his feete and at his heade two greate square stones And thus hee beeyng prepared to death he willed that his bodie after his deceasse shoulde be conueyed into Normandie and buryed at Rouen And so after he had receyued the Sacrament of the bodie and bloud of our Lorde hee departed this life as afore is sayde His death about the .xxviij. yeare of his age Thus dyed this yong King in hys flourishing youth to whome through hys owne iust desertes long lyfe was iustly denyed sithe hee delyghted to begynne his gouernement wyth vnlawfull attemptes as an other Absolon agaynste hys owne naturall Father seeking by wrongfull violence to pull the Scepter out of his hande Hee is not put in the number of Kings bycause he remayned forthe more parte vnder the gouernaunce of his father and was taken oute of this lyfe before hys father so that hee rather bare the name of king as appoynted to raigne than that he maye bee sayde to haue raigned in deede His body after his death was coÌ„ueyed towards Rouen there to be buried accordingly as hee had wylled Nic. Triuet but when those that had charge to conuey it thyther were come vnto the Citie of Mauns the Bishoppe there and the Cleargie would not suffer them to go any further wyth it but committed it to buryall in honourable wyfe within the Church of Saint Iulian. When the Citizens of Rouen were hereof aduertised they were sore offended with that doing streyght wayes sent vnto them of Mauns requyring to haue the corps dâ—…liuered threatning otherwise with manye earnest othes to fetche it from them by force King Henrie therefore to sette order in thys matter commaunded that the corps of his sonne the King shoulde bee deliuered vnto them of Rouen to be buryed in theyr Citie as he himselfe had willed before his death And so it was taken vp and conueyed to Rouen The bodie of the yong kiâ—â— lastly buried at Rouen where it was eftsoones there buryed in the Churche of oure Ladie King Henrie after his sonne the king was thus deade enforced hys power more earnestly than before to winne the Citie and Castell of Lymoges whiche hee hadde besieged â—…ymoges renâ—â—ed to king â—…enrie and at length had them bothe rendred ouer into hys handes with all other Castelles and places of strength kept by his enimies in those partyes of the which some he furnished with garnisons and some hee caused to bee razed flatte wyth the grounde There rose aboute the same tyme occasion of strife and variaunce betwixt king Henry and the Frenche King aboute the enioying of the Countrey lying about Gysors cleped Veulquesine â—…eulquesine on thys syde the Ryuer of Hept whiche was gyuen vnto King Henrie the Sonne in consideration of the maryage had betwixt hym and Queene Margaret the Frenche Kinges sister For the Frenche King nowe after the death of hys brother in lawe King Henrie the sonne requyred to haue the same restored vnto the Crowne of France but king Henrie was not willing to depart with it The kings of â—…ngland and â—…rance talke â—â—gither At length they mette betwixt Trie and Gysors to talke of the matter where they agreed that Queene Margaret the widow of the late deceassed king Henrie the sonne shoulde receyue yearely during hir lyfe .1750 poundes of Aniouyn money at Paris of king Henry the father and his heires in consideration whereof shee shoulde release and quiteclayme all hir right to those lands that were demaunded as Veulquesine and others Shortly after Geffrey Earle of Brytayne came to his father and submitting himselfe was reconciled to him and also to his brother Richard Earle of Poictou An. Reg. 30 Also I finde that king Henrie at an enteruiew had betwixt him and the French king at their accustomed place of meeting betwixt Trie and Gisors on Saint Nicholas day did his homage to the same French king for the lands which he held of him on that side the sea which to doe till then he had refused The same yeare king Henrie helde his Christmasse at the Citie of Mauns Also when the king had agreed the Frenche king and the Earle of Flaunders 1184 for the controuersie that chaunced betwixt them about the landes of Vermendoys he passed through the Earle of Flanders Countrey and comming to Wysande tooke shippe and sayled ouer into Englande landing at Douer the tenth day of Iune with his daughter the Duches of Saxonie The duchesse of Saxonie deâ—…iuered of a â—…onne the which was afterwardes deliuered of a sonne at Winchester and hir husbande the Duke of Saxonie came also this yeare into Englande and was ioyfully receyued and honourably interteyned of the king his father in lawe There died this yeare sundry honorable personages as Simon Erle of Huntington that was son to SimoÌ„ Erle of Northampton after whose decease the king gaue his erledome vnto his brother Dauid or as Radulfus de Diceto sayth Death of noble men bycause the said Simon died without issue the king gaue the Erledom of Huntingt vnto Wil. king of Scots son to Erle Henry that was son to K. Dauid Also the Erle of Warwik died this yere Thomas Fitz Bernard L. chiefe iustice of the Forests which roumth Alain de Neuill had enioyed before him But now after the death of this Tho. Fitz Bernard The gouernment of the forests deuided the k. diuided his forests into sundrie quarters to euerie quarter he appointed foure iustices two of y e spiritualtie two knights of the temporaltie beside two generall wardens that were of his owne-seruants to be as surueyers aboue all other Foresters of vert venison whose office was to see that no misorder nor spoyle were committed within any groundes of Warren coÌ„trarie to the assises of Forests There dyed this yeare also diuerse Prelates as foure Bishoppes to witte Gerald surnamed la Pucelle Bishop of Chester Walranne Bishop of Rochester Ioceline Bishop of Salisburie and Bartholmew bishop of Exeter There died also diuerse Abbots vpon the .xvj. of Febuarie died Richard Archbish of Canterburie in the .xj. yeare after his first entring into the gouernment of that sea His bodie was buried at Canterburie He was noted to be a man of euill life and wasted the goodes of that Churche inordinately It was reported that before his death
de Dunbar MalisiuÌ„ comiteÌ„ de Strathern VValteruÌ„ Cumâ—…n comite de Menteth VVilhelmum comitem de Mar AlexandraÌ„ comiteÌ„ de Buchquhan Dauid de Hastings comiteÌ„ de Aethol RobertuÌ„ de Bruis AlanuÌ„ Ostrarium HenricuÌ„ de Bailiol Rogerum de Mounbray Laurentium de Abirnethiae Richardum Cumin Dauid de Lindesey RicharduÌ„ Siward VVilhelmum de Lindesey VValteruÌ„ de Morauia VVilhelmum Giffarde Nicholaum de Sully VVilhelmum de Veteri Ponte VVilhelmum de Brewer Anselmum de Mesue Dauid de Graham Stephanum de Suningham Quod si nos vel haeredes nostri contra concessionem promissionem praedictam quod absit venerimus ipsi haeredes eorum nobis haeredibus nostris nullum contra coÌ„cessionem promissionem praedictam auxilium vel consilium impendent aut ab alijs pro posse suo impendi permittent Imo bona fide laborabunt erga nos haeredes nostros ipsi haeredes eorum quòd omnia praedicta à nobis haeredibus nostris nec non ab ipsis eorum haeredibus firmiter fideliter obseruentur in perpetuum In cuius rei testimonium tam nos quam praedicti Prelati comites Barones nostri praesens scriptum sigillorum suorum appositione roborauimus Testibus praelatis Comitibus Baronibus superius nominatis Anno regni nostri c. VVhiche Charter is thus in englishe ALexander by the grace of god Kyng of Scotland to all faithful Christian people that shal see or heare this writing sendeth greting We wyll that it be knowen to you that we for vs and our heires haue granted faithfully promised to our most deare and liege lord Henry the thirde by the grace of God the noble king of England Lorde of Ireland Duke of NormaÌ„dy and Guyenne and Erle of Anion and to his heyres that we will beare and keepe vnto him good faith and loue for euer and that we shall not enter into any league with our selues or by others in our behalfe with the enimyes of our sayde soueraigne Lord the king of England or of his heyres to procure or make war whereby any domage may happen to come to them or to theyr kyngdomes of Englande Ireland or to their other lands except iniustly they do molest and oppresse vs. The couenantes always standing in force which wee concluded betwixte vs at our laste being togither at Yorke in the presence of Othodeacon Cardinal of saint Nicholas in Carcere Tulliano then 〈…〉 Cumin Earle of Menteth William Earle of Mar Alexander Earle of Buchquhan Dauid de Hastings Erle of Athole Robert de Bruis Alane Porter Henrye de Bailliol Roger de Mombraie Laurence de Abirnethi Richarde Cumin Dauid de Lindesey Richarde Siwarde Wyllyam de Lindesey Walter de Mueraye Wyllyam de Giffard Nicholas de Sully Wyllyam de Weyponte Willyam de Brewer Anselme de Messue Dauid de Graham Steephen de Suningham That if eyther wee or our heyres agaynste the foresayde graunt and promisse shall doe any thing to the breache thereof whyche God forbid they and theyr heyres shall not imploye eyther ayde or counsell agaynst the sayd graunt and promisse nor shall suffer other to imploye any suche aide or counsell so farre as they maye hinder them therein yea rather they and theyr heyres shall in good faith and playne meaning endeuour aneinst vs and our heyres that all the premisses maye firmely and faithfully be obserued kept of vs and our heyres and likewise of them and their heyres for euer In witnes wherof aswell we our selues as the sayd Prelates our Earles and Barons haue confirmed this wrytyng by putting their seales vnto the same the Prelates Earles and Barons heefore rehersed beeing wytnesses thereunto In the yeare of oure raigne c. The seales of Kyng Alexander hymselfe of William de Brewer Wyllyam de Verpont Willi. de Lindesey Stephen de Suninghaâ—… the seales of the reste were set to afterwardes and the writing sente ouer to the kyng of England at Christmasse next ensuing by the Priour of Tinmouth who had trauailed diligently and faithefully in this negotiation to the honour of bothe partes The pope requested to confirme the foresayd Chapter This writing also was sente to the Pope that hee might confirme the same in manner as followeth Sanctissimo in Christo patrid Dei gratia sumum pontifici Alexander eadem gratia Rex â—…iae â—…me Patricius Comes de Strathern Comes Leuenoâ—… Comes de Anegus comes de Marca Comes de Aâ—…holiae comes de Râ—… comes de Câ—…eneâ—… Comes de â—…h Rogerus de Mâ—…bray Rogerus de Abinnethiae Petrus de Maâ—…e Richardus Cuâ—… VViâ—…helâ—… de Vateri Paâ—… Robertus de Britis Rogerus Auerel Richardus de Sully â–ª VVilhelâ—… de Murray de Dunfel VVilhelmus de Murefe de Pâ—…ein Iohannes Biset ruuenis VVilhelmus de Lindesey Iohannes de Vallibus Dauid de Lindesey VVilhelmus Gifford DuÌ„canus de Ergatilia â—…de Matreuers Hemerus filius eius Rogerus 〈◊〉 VVintoniensis H. Comes â—…sis VV. de Vâ—…ye Richardus Siwarde VVilhelmus de Râ—…os Rogerus de Clere Henricus filâ—… comitis de Breâ—…ere Eustachius de Stout ville Malcolmus de Fifcomes de MeÌ„cethshire VValterâ—… filius Alani VValterus Olifâ—… â—…ernardus Fraser Henricus de Bailliol Dauid Cuâ—…yn Dauid Maâ—…eschallus Dauid filius Ranulfi VVilhelmus de Fâ—…rtere Ioannes de Bailliol Robertus de Ros Salutem debitam cum omni honore reuerentiam Sanctitati vestra significamus nos Sacramentum corporaliter praestitisse coram venerabili patre Ottine tituli Sancti Nicolai in carcere Tulliano Diacano CardinaliiuÌ„ Anglia Scotia Hâ—…bernia tuÌ„c Apostolicae sedis legato ac chartam nostram confecisse quae ita incipat Sciant praesentes futuri quod ita conuenit in praesentia domini Othonis Sancti Nicolai c. Quae charta penes Dominum regem Angliae nos remaâ—…et Chyrographata Item aliam quae sic incipit Ad omnium vestrum notitiam volumus peruenire Cum vt ex forma praecedentium nostraruÌ„ pateat Obligationum subiecimus nos iurisdictioni vestra vt nos haeredes nostros per Censuram Ecclesiasticam possitis coerceere si aliquo tempore contra memorataÌ„ pacem venerimus Etsi nonnunquam continget quod quidam nostrum omnes vel vnus contrauenire temere praesumerint vel praesumere nituntur vel nitentur Et ex hoc tam animabus nostris quam haeredum nostrorum graue possit generari periculum corporibus nostris rebus non minimum immineret detrimentum Sancti paternitati vestra supplicamus quatenus alicui Suffraganeorum Archiepiscopi Cantuariensis decis in mandati vt nos haeredes nostros ad praefatae pacis obseruationem compellat prout in instrumentis inae confectis plenius continetur Alià s super eadem pace quod Canonicum fuerit auctoritate vestra statuat contradictores c. Et ad istius petitionis nostrae consummationem praesenti scripto sigilla nostra apposuimus VVhiche is thus in Englishe The letter of
this Parliamente yet lasted Peter de â—…â—…oy Eaâ—… Richâ—… there came ouer the Lorde Peter of Sauoy Earle of Richmonde bringing with hym certayne yong Ladies and Damosels to bee bestowed in marriage on suche yong Lordes and Gentlemen aâ—… were Wardes to the King On Saint Valentines euen An Eâ—… a greate Earthquake happened heere in England and namely about London on the Thames syde with the whyche manye buyldings were ouerthrowen These Earthquakes the seldomer they chaÌ„ce in Englande the more dreadfull the same are and thoughte to signifie some greate alteration A little before thys Earthquake the Sea had ceassed from ebbing and flowing for the space of three monethes togyther A stâ—… 〈◊〉 by a long tract neere to the Englishe shore to the greate maruell of many for eyther it flowed not at all or else so little that it might not be perceyued Coâ—… rayne And after the Earthquake there followed suche a season of foule weather that the spring semed to be chaunged into Winter for vnneth was there anye day without rayne till the feast of the translation of S. Benet â—…s made â—…strayne â—…mptuous â—…titie of spiritualty There were at this time dyuers ordinauntes decreed and enacted by way of prohibition to restrayne the authoritie of spiritual persons as that no ecclesiasticall Iudge should determine in causes of any Temporal man except touching causes of Matrimony and Testamentes They were also prohibited to sue any actions touching tythes before any spirituall Iudge and the writ whereby they were prohibited is called an Indicauit Sundry other such ordinances were deuised which for breefenesse we omitte What speede or aunswer so euer the messengers had that were sent to Rome with the letters deuised in the late Parliament 〈◊〉 Popes â—…ectors troth it is that the Pope sent ouer into England suche of his agents as gathered no small summes of money amongst the Cleargie as one Marinus and an other named Iohannes Anglicus a Frier Minor the which were not entituled by the name of Legates â—…ift by forâ—…ing the â—…e of Leâ—… to saue the priuiledges whiche the Kyng hadde that no Legate myghte come into the Realme withoute hys licence The comming ouer of these men bycause it was to gather money contented not many mens mindes as well appeared in a Parliament called at Oxforde about reformation thereof but yet notwithstanding it was there agreed that the Pope shoulde haue eleuen thousande markes to be leuied amongst them of the spiritualtie exempt persons and places reserued Aboute the same time Baldwine naming himselfe Emperoure of Constantinople 〈◊〉 Emperor â—…onstantiâ—…e comâ—… into â—…lande came againe into Englande to procure some newe aide of the King towardes the recouerie of hys Empire out of the whiche hee was expulsed by the Greekes There arriued heere with him the three halfe breethren to the King Guy de Lucignan The kings halfe breethâ—… came to see the King William de Valence and Athelmare a Prieste with their sister Alice These were begotten by Hugh Brun Earle of Marche of Queene Isabell the Kings mother and were therefore ioyfully receyued of the King with faithfull promise that hee woulde be to them a beneficiall good brother whiche hys sayings with effectuall deedes he after fully performed The Cardinall hauyng saluted the Kyng tooke leaue of hym and came to Linne where he stayed at the poynt of three monethes The Cardinall maketh shift for money making such purchase amoÌ„gst religious men that what by procuracies and other shiftes hee got as was thought a foure thousande markes towards hys charges and so departed Edmond Lacye Earle of Lincolne and Richarde de Burgh as then Wardes to the Kyng were married vnto two of those yong Ladies of Pronaunce whiche Peter de Sauoy Earle of Richmond brought ouer with hym whereat many of the English nobilitie grudged Also about the thirtenth of August the Lady Ioane William de Valence marrieth Lorde Montchencles daughter daughter to the Lorde Guarine de Monchency was married vnto William de Valence the Kyngs halfe brother The same Lady was heyre to hir fathers landes by the deathe of hir brother the sonne of the said Lorde Euarine Sir William de Bueles Knight a Norman borne was made Seneshall of Gascoigne about this season Gaston de Bierne maketh warre againste the Kynges Lieutenaunt and was sore vexed with warres by Gaston the sonne of the Countesse of Bierne and others whyche Gaston shewed hymselfe very vnthankfull for the Kyng had giuen both to him and to hys mother a woman of a monstrous stature right large entertainemente to serue him in his warres at his last beeing in that countrey as before yee haue heard Priestes of the prouince of Caunterbury suspended The Archbishoppe of Caunterbury suspended the Priests of hys prouince bycause they would not consent according to the graunt which he had purchased of y e Pope that he should haue the first frutes for one yeare of euery benefice that chanced to be vacant within the same prouince The Earles of Cornewall and Pembroke gote muche money by way of a collection towards the reliefe of the warres in the holy lande hauing purchased of the Pope certayne Bulles of Indulgence for the same Sir Foulkes de Newcastell the Kings Cousin by his mother departeth thys life Sir Foulke de Newcastell a valiaunte Knighte and Cousin germaine to the Kyng on the mothers side dyed at London during the tyme of the Parliament On the thirtenth of October was a portion of y e holy bloud of Christ as it was theÌ„ supposed shewed in most reuerent wise in a solemne procession for the King comming to the Church of Saint Paule in London receyued there the same bloud conteyned in a christalline glasse the which he bare vnder a Canapie supported with foure slaues through the stretes vnto y e Abbey Church of Westminster His armes were also supported by two Lords as aydes to him all the way as hee wente The masters of the Templers and Hospitallers had sent this relike to the king To descriue the whole processe of the procession and feast kept that day would require a speciall treatise But this is not to bee forgotten that the same day the Byshop of Norwich preached before the Kyng in commeÌ„dation of that relike Pardon granted by bishops pronouncing sixe yeares and one hundred and sixteene dayes of pardon graunted by the Byshoppes there presente to all those that came to reuerence it Also the same day in y e same Church the K. made his halfe brother William de Valence Kâ—…â—…e and dyuers other yoÌ„g bachelers Knightes Vnto the sayde William de Valence for his further aduauncement and mayntenance he gaue the Castell of Hertford and the honor therto belonging with great treasure and to the elder brother Guy de Lucignan whiche about the same time returned into Fraunce he gaue right great and honorable giftes lading his sumpters with plate and threasure of sterling money
Citie the gates whereof were by the Maiors appointment closed and kept with watche and warde doth day and night Soone after also for the more safegarde of the Citie and sure keeping of the peace the king of Almaine with the sayd sir Hugh and sir Philip came and lodged in the Citie with their companies and suche other as they woulde assigne to strengthen the citie if need required Shortly after the king returned out of France The king â—…turneth in England and about the feast of S. Marke came to London and lodged in the Bishops Palace Bycause of tumors that were spred abroade sounding to some euill meaning whiche Prince Edward should haue agaynst his father the king brought ouer with him a great power of men of armes straungers howbeit he brought them not into the Citie but left them beyond the bridge â—…n the parties of Surrey but he being entred y e citie so kept the gates entries that none was permitted to enter but such as came in by his sufferance The Erle of Gloucester by his appoyntment also was lodged within the Citie and the Prince 〈◊〉 the Palace at Westminster And shortly after by the kings commaundement hee remoued to S. Iohns all the other Lordes were lodged without the citie and the king of Almaines remoued againe to Westminster In which time a direction was taken betweene the sayde partyes and a newe assembly and Parliament assigned to bee kept in the quindene of Saint Iohn Baptyst and after deferred or proroged tyll the feast of Saint Edwarde at the which tyme al things were pacifyed for a tyme but so as the Earle of Gloucester was put besyde the rowmth whiche hee had amongest other the Peeres The Eâ—… Glocesâ—… federâ—… self wâ—… Earle of â—…cester and so then hee ioyned in friendshippe with the Earle of Leycester as it were by way of confederacie against the residue and yet in this last contention the sayde Earle of Leycester tooke parte wyth the Prince agaynst the Erle of Gloucester This yeare the Lorde William de Beauchampe the elder deceased Chrâ—… The Lorde Edwarde the kings sonne with a fayre companie of knightes and other men of armes passed the Seas to exercise himselfe in Iustes but hee hymselfe and his menne were euill entreated in manye places so that they lost horse armour and all other things to hys great griefe and dislyking as may be esteemed yet as some write he returned home with victorie in the Iustes Mat. VVest â—…w at Teuâ—…uâ—…ie falâ—… into a â—…s This yeare at Teukesburye a Iew falling by chaunce into a Iakes vppon the Saterday in reuerence of his Sabboth woulde not suffer anye manne to plucke hym forth whereof the Erle of Gloucester beeyng aduertised thoughte the Christians should doe as much reuerence to their Sabboth which is Sunday and therfore woulde suffer no man to go about to take him forth that day and so lying styll till Monday he was there founde deade â—…t VVest â—…th of noâ—…men Diuerse noble men departed this life in this yeare as the Erle of Albemaâ—…e the Lord William Beauchampe Stephen de Longespee Lorde chiefe Iustice of Irelande and Roger de Turkby one of the kings chief counsellers Iustices of the land William de Rickham B. of Durham and Iohn de Crakehale treasurer of England a spiritual man 〈◊〉 rather but rich beyond measure Also HeÌ„rie de Ba another of the kings Iustices of the Berâ—…he â—…t VVest 〈◊〉 reg 45. 〈◊〉 king of â—…s coÌ„meth â—…ondon In the .xlv. yeare of king Henries raigne Alexander king of Scotland came vnto LoÌ„don anon after the feast of S. Edwarde with a fayre companie of Scottishmen and shortly after his wife the Queene of Scottes came thyther also Moreouer K. Henrie kept a royal feast at Westminster â—…t VVest where he made to the number of .lxxx. knightes amongst the which Iohn sonne to the Erle of Britain who had maried the Lady Beatrice one of the kings daughters was there made knight And shortly after was sir Hugh Spencer made Lorde chief Iustice 1261 〈◊〉 Dun. After Christmasse the king comming into the tower of London fortified it greatly and caused the gates of the Citie to be warded sending forth commaundement to his Lordes that they should come to the tower there to holde a Parliament but they denied â—…atly so to do sending 〈◊〉 word that if it pleased 〈◊〉 they would come to 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 usually the Parliament had beene kept and not to any other place wherevpon there rose 〈◊〉 betwixt him and the Barons After the feast of the â—…acation Fabian A Folkmote holden at Pauls crosse at a Folkmote holden at Paules Crosse where the King was present in person with the king of Almaine the Archbishop of Canterburie and diuerse other of the nobles commaundement was giuen to the Maior that euery stripling of the age of .xij. y e â—…tes and aboue An othe to be true to the king should before his Alderman de sworne to bee true to the king his heyres kings of England and that the gates of the Citie shuld be kept with armed men as before by the king of Romaines was deuised About Easter the Barons of the lande with coÌ„sent of the Peeres The L. Spencer discharged of his office discharged sir Hugh Spencer of his office of chiefe Iustice and places in hys rowmth sir Philip Basset without the kings assent hee beeing not made priuie therevnto Wherevpon a newe occasion of displeasure was ministred to kindle debate betwixt the king and his Lordes but by the policie of the king of Almaine and some Prelates the matter was quieted for a time till after at Hallowentide next ensuing which was the .xlvj. yeare of king Henries raigne At that time the Barons tooke vppon them to discharge such Sherifes as the king had elected and named Gardeyns of the Countreys and Shires and in theyr places putte other Sherifes 2 An. reg 46. The presumptuous proceedings of the Barons against the king And besydes that woulde not suffer the Iustice whiche the King had admytted to doe hys office in keeping hys cyrâ—…uise but appoynted suche to doe it as it pleased them to appoynte wherwith the king was somuch offended that he laboured by all meanes to him possible about the disanulling of the ordinances made at Oxforde and vpon the second Sunday in Lent he caused to be read at Paules Crosse a Bull 1262 A Bull read at Pauls crosse obteyned of Pope Vrbane the fourth as a consâ—… of an other Bull before purchased of his predecessour Pope Alexander for the assoyling of the King and all other that were sworne to the maintenances of the Articles agreed vpon at Oxforde This absolution hee caused to bee shewed through the Reaâ—… of England Wales and Ireâ—… giuing straight charge that if any person 〈…〉 that woulde disobey this absolution â–ª the same shoulde be committed to pryson there to remaine till the kings pleasure
Edwarde At the solempnitie of this coronation there were let goe at libertie catche them that catche myght fiue hundred great horses by the King of Scottes the Erles of Cornwall Caxton Gloucester Pembroke Warren and others as they were alighte beside theyr backs On saint Nicholas euen there chaunced suche an earthquake with lightning and thunder and therewythall the appearing of the breÌ„ning drake and a blasing starre called a comete that the people were brought into no small feate vpon consideration thereof But nowe to the poynte of the historie Kyng Edward at the fyrste like a prudente prince chose foorth of the wysest and worthyest men to be of his cousell to purchase the loue of his subiects whose myndes were somwhat offended towardes his father by reason that he refused to keepe promise wyth them touchyng the restitution of gentle and fauourable lawes Kyng Edwarde shewed himselfe so gentle towardes all degrees of men that he seemed to excede the reasonable bonds of curteous humanitie muche more than became his royall estate After this 1275. An. Reg. 3. he reformed dyuers lawes and statutes and deuised some new ordinaÌ„ces greatly for the wealthe of the realme He helde his first Parliament at Westminster A parliament where the ordinances were made called the statute of Westminster the first The statute of VVestminster The Prince of VVales Llevvellin To this Parliament was the prince of Wales Lewelin summoned to come and doe his homage hauing bin requested first to come to the kings coronation but he refused and nowe hauing summonance to come to this Parliament he excused hymself affirming that hee durste not come for feare of certayne noble men that laye in wayte for his life requiring to haue pledges deliuered for his safe comming and going the Kyngs son and Gilbert Earle of Gloucester with Robert Burnell the Lord Chauncellour The Kyng was greatly offended with suche a presumptuous demaunde but passed it ouer till after the ende of the Parliament The king coÌ„meth to Chester and then repairing to Chester he sent eftsoones messengers to the said Llewelin requiring to come and doe his homage but hee still detracted time so that in the ende the Kyng reysed an armye meanyng to recouer that by force whiche otherwise he could not obteine by quiet meanes This yeare the people payd a fifteenth to the Kyng of all theyr temporall goodes which was sayde to be graunted firste to his father Mat. VVest Bracton bishop of Hereforde departeth this lyfe The same yeare departed this life Iohn Breton bishoppe of Hereford who being very experte in the lawes of the lande compiled a booke of them called to Bâ—…eton The eleueâ—… September 〈◊〉 generall earthquake chauâ—… betwixt the first houre and thirde of the 〈◊〉 daye the Church of Saint Michaell on the 〈◊〉 wythout Glastenbury was therwyth throwen downe to the grounde 〈◊〉 after this it rained bloude in the countrey 〈◊〉 Wales It raiâ—… 〈◊〉 as 〈◊〉 prodigy â—…se euill token to that â—…tion wyth whose bloude shortly after that Region was in many places maysted and stayned For as it chaunced shortly after 1276 An. reg â—… Lleweâ—…n the sonne of of Griffyn came to haue the gouernement of Wales who partly to reyse newe sediâ—… in England and partly to purchase hym friendship and alyaunce in Fraunce sente vnto the Phillippe requiring of him that he myght 〈◊〉 in marriage the Ladye Eleanor daughter to Symon Mauntfort Earle of Leycester the whiche togyther wyth hir mother and 〈◊〉 Emerike remayned as banyshed persoâ—… in France The French K. granted his request and sent hir vnder the conducte of hir saide â—…ther to be conueyed into Wales vnto Lâ—…lin who had promised to marry hir Bâ—…e they approched to Wales at the Isle of â—…y bothe the brother and sister were taken by â—…e shippes of Bristowe The 〈◊〉 Mâ—… 〈…〉 pâ—… 〈…〉 of 〈…〉 the owners wherof that so tooke them sent them vnto Kyng Edwarde When Llewelin vnderstood that his wife was takeÌ„ from him by the way as she was coÌ„ming he was not a little wrothe Lâ—… priâ—… 〈…〉 to 〈…〉 and incontinously beginneth to make warre vppon Kyng Edwardes subiectes that bordered neare vnto Wales killing the people spoiling their goods and brenning vp theyr Townes and houses 〈◊〉 eche side The Kyng appoynting 〈◊〉 of his 〈◊〉 signâ—… 〈…〉 Lorde Robert de Tâ—… to take on othe for hym and ancthorising the saide Robert Authoâ—… Bâ—… 〈…〉 de Sâ—…hampton 〈◊〉 prouinciall of the fâ—…ers preache â—…s commissione is a 〈…〉 his behalfe to receyue the 〈◊〉 the of the saiâ—… Leweâ—… Which Llewelin apâ—…oynted â–ª 〈◊〉 â—…missioners for his parte 〈◊〉 â—…ap Edâ—… and Gronâ—… Hâ—…lin the whiche â—…issioâ—… 〈◊〉 wyth good â—…liberation 〈◊〉 vpon 〈◊〉 poyntes and articles of whyche the principall wâ—… as followeth First that the saide Llewelin shoulde set 〈◊〉 liberte all prisoners whiche hee helde in captiuitie for the Kyng of Englandes cause â—…ty and without all chalenge â—…e articles of â—…ment beâ—…wixt King â—…vvarde and â—…vvellin Also to haue peace and the Kings of Englands sâ—… he shulde giue vnto the saide king fiftye thousand pound sterling the dayes of the payment whereof to reste in the Kyngs will and pleasure Also y t the lande of the four Candreds without all contradiction shoulde 〈◊〉 for euer to the King and his heyres with all lands conquered by the Kyng and his people the Isle of â—…ngâ—… y e exâ—…epted Anglesey whiche Isle was graunted to the Prince to that he shulde pay for the same yerely the 〈◊〉 of one thousand marks and fiue thousand maâ—… for an income and if the Prince 〈◊〉 to dye without issue then y e said Isle 〈◊〉 again 〈◊〉 the kings hands Also that the Prince shall come to Rothelan or Râ—… 〈◊〉 it is commonly called there so the 〈◊〉 to the Kyng and before his coÌ„ming thitheâ—… he shuld be assoyled and haue the interdâ—… of his landes released and at his being aâ—… Rotheâ—… daye shall be appoynted hym by the â—…ing for his comming to London there to doe 〈…〉 And herevpon was order taken for his 〈◊〉 conduit alâ—… in his comming to 〈◊〉 the â—…aâ—… as to LoÌ„don â–ª Ther be that wryte that 〈…〉 appoynted to come vnto London at the 〈◊〉 the Natiuitie of our Lord. Also it waâ—… 〈◊〉 couenanted that all the homages of â—…es should remaine to the Kyng except 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 barons which inhabited neare vnto that 〈◊〉 of Snowdon for otherwise the said 〈…〉 could not conueniently call himselfe Prâ—…e except he had some Barons vnder him 〈…〉 he shoulde reteyne the title and name of Prince so long as he liued and after his deceaâ—…e the homages of those fiue barons shoulde reuâ—… to the Kyng and to his heyres for euer â–ª Moreouer the kyng graunted vnto the saide Llewlin N. Triuet Dauid Llevvel lines brother prouided for the landes that belonged to his brother Dauid for term of the said Llewlins life and in recompence thereof was contented to satisfie
of Richmont as 〈◊〉 had done gaue a great summe of money to haue their countrie from inuasion The Scottes that time remayned 〈◊〉 Englande by the the space of fiftene 〈◊〉 more The Knightes and Gentlemen of 〈◊〉 North partes came vnto the Earle of Lâ—… that lay the same tyme at Pomfret 〈◊〉 goe foorth with him to giue the enimies 〈◊〉 if hee woulde assyst them But the Earle â—…med that he had no lust to fyght in defence 〈◊〉 Prince that sought to oppresse hym wrongfully as he tooke it and therefore he dissembled 〈◊〉 matter and so the Scots returned at their plesure without encounter About this season Thâ—… Vâ—… the L. William de 〈◊〉 that in the marches of Wales enioyed diâ—… 〈◊〉 possessions to him discended from his aâ—… but through want of good gouernment 〈…〉 behind hand offred to sel a certaine portion of his lands called Gowers lande lying in the 〈◊〉 there vnto diuerse noble men that had their 〈◊〉 adioyning to the same as to the Earle of Hereforde and to the two Lorde Mortimeâ—… the vncle and nephew albeit the L. Mowbray that had maried the onely daughter and heyre of the Lord Bruce thought verily in the ende to haue 〈◊〉 as due to his wife by right of inheritance But at length as vnhap would Hugh Spenâ—…â—…ger Lord Chamberlaine coueting that 〈◊〉 bycause it lay nere on eche side to other lands that he had in those parties found such meanes 〈◊〉 the kings furtherance and helpe The 〈◊〉 cause 〈◊〉 vaâ—… 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 that he 〈◊〉 away with the purchase to the great diâ—… of the other Lordes that had bene in hande to 〈◊〉 Hereby such hartburning rose agaynst thâ—…â—…cers that vpon complaint made by the 〈◊〉 Hereforde vnto the Earle of Lancaster of 〈◊〉 presumptuous dealing by ruling all 〈◊〉 about the King as seemed best to theyr 〈◊〉 it was thought expedient by the sayde 〈◊〉 that some remedie in tyme if it were 〈◊〉 shoulde be prouided Whervpon the said Erle of Lancaster and Hereford with the Lordes 〈◊〉 Tuchet Rog. Clifford Gofelin 〈◊〉 Roâ—… Bernsfield y e .ij. Mortimers Rog othe 〈◊〉 Rog. y e nephew W. de Sully W. 〈◊〉 Canâ—… Iohn Gifford of Brimesfielde Henrie Tieys all Barons the which with diuerse other Lords Knights and men of name assembling togither at Shierborne in Elmedone sware eche of them to stande by other till they had amended the state of the realme But yet notwythstanding thys theyr othe the moste part of them afterwardes forsaking the enterprise submytted themselues to the king Neuerthelesse whether for that the King by a Proclamation sette forth the .xvj. of March had commaunded as some write that the Lords Mowbray Clifford and Deieuille for disobeying to make their personal appearance before him should auoyd the land within ten dayes next ensuing or for that they ment with all speed to put theyr enterprise in execution we finde that the Earle of Hereforde the Lordes Mortimer the vncle and nephew the lord Roger Damorie the Lorde Iohn Mowbray the Lorde Hugh Audley and his sonne named also Hugh the Lorde Roger Clifforde the Lorde Iohn Gifford of Brimesfielde the Lorde Morice Berkcley the Lorde Henrie Tieys the Lorde Iohn Matraners with many other that were allied togither hauing the consent also of the Erle of Lancaster on the Wednesday next after the feast of the inuention of the Crosse â—…e Lordes â—…e armes vpâ—… them aâ—…st the â—…cers hauing with them to the number of .viij. C. men of armes .v. C. hoblers ten M. men on foote came with the kings Baner spred vnto Newport in Wenloks laÌ„d where they tooke the castel that belonged vnto the Lord Chamberlain Hugh Spencer the yonger â—…ey inuade 〈◊〉 Spencers â—…des They also toke Kaerdy Kersilly Lantrissane Taluan Lamblethian Kenefegis Neoth Drusscian and Diuenor part of his men which in the foresayde places they found they slue as sir Iohn Iwain sir Mathew de Gorges knightes with .xv. other of his men that were Welchmen part they tooke put them in prison as sir Raufe or Randulf de Gorges being sore wounded sir Philip Ioyce sir Iohn de Frissingfielde sir Iohn de Dunstable William de Dunstable and many other of the which the most part were put to their raunsome They tooke spoyled and destroyed so much in value of his goodes as amounted vnto two thousande pounde They tooke vp in suche debts as were owing to him in those parties to the summe of three thousand pounds and of his rentes to the value neare handes of a thousande pounde They burnt .xxiij. of his Manours which he hadde in those parties of Wales with his Barnes and did what hurt they coulde deuise burning or taking away all his writings and euidences After they had remayned .xv. dayes there they came into England with the like force disorder inuading his castels manors and possessions so that the domage which they did here vnto the said L. chamberlain amounted to the value of ten M. poundes The king aduertised of their doings The king sendeth to the Lordes sent vnto them the Archbishop of Canterburie the Lorde Bartholmew de Badelismere Lord Steward of his house to request them to desist and leaue of from such their outragious doings and comming to the Parliament which he had alredy summoned they might put in theyr complaynts grieuances and he would see that they should haue iustice according as equitie should require The Lord Badelismere reuolteth to the side of the Barons The lord Badelismere forsaking the king became one of the coÌ„federacie with the barons so the Archb. was glad to returne alone leauing the saide Badelismere behinde him who sent the king worde by the Archb that til they had expulsed the Spencers out of the realme they woulde not giue ouer their enterprise On S. Barnabies day they came to a manor of Hugh Spencer the father called Fasterne in the Countie of Wiltshire and spoyled the same with diuerse and many other Manors aswell in Wiltshire as else where to witte in Gloucestershire Dorsetshire Hamshire Barkshire Oxfordshire Buckinghamshire Surrey CaÌ„bridgeshire Huntingtonshire Leycestershire Lincolnshire Chesshire and Warwikeshire making such hauoke of all such goods or cattel as belonged to the said Hugh Spencer the father y t he was thought to be endomaged to the value of xxx M. pounds burning his houses beating mayming raunsoming his men and not contented to spoyle those places which belonged to him but hearing that in the Abbey of Stanley he had layde vp money and euidence they brake into that Abbey tooke out thereof M. pounds in ready coine beside euidences writings to the endomaging of him to the value of .vj. M. poundes and likewise entring into the kings castel of Marleburgh where the sayde Hugh Spencer the father had layde vp in wooll to the number of .xxxvj. sackes they tooke the same and other of his goodes as well in plate as apparell to the value in all of sixe
Sainte Edmondes bury she marched forthe to secke the aduersaries of hir and of the Realme as she bruted it but they still keepyng themselues neere to the Kings person that vnder the shadowe of the wings of his protection they might remayne in more safegarde durst not depart from his presence At the time of y e Queenes landing he was at London and being â—…ore amased with the newes he required ayde of the Londoners The aunswere of the Londoners to the Kyng They aunswered that they would do all the honor they might vnto the Kyng y e Queene and to their sonne the lawfull heire of the lande but as for Straungers and traitors to y e Realm they woulde keepe them out of their gates and resist them with all their forces but to got foorthe of the Citie further than that they myghte returne before Sunne setting they refused pretending certayne liberties in that behalfe to them graunted in times past as they alledged The king forsaketh London and goeth towardes the marches of Wales The King not greatly liking of this aunswere fortified the Tower and leauing within it his yonger sonne Iohn of Eltham and the wife of the Lorde Chamberlayne Hugh Spencer the yonger that was his neece he departed towardes the marches of Wales there to reyse an army against the Queene Before his departure from London A proclamation sette forth by the Kyng he set forth a Proclamation that euery man vnder payne of forfeyting life and goodes should resist them that were thus landed assayle and kill them the Queene his sonne Edwarde and his brother the Earle of Kent only excepted and whosoeuer could bring y e head or dead corps of the Lord Mortimer of Wigmore shuld haue for his labor a thousand markes The Queenes proclamation The Queenes proclamations on the other part willed all men to hope for peace the Spencers publike enimies of the Realme and y e Lorde Chancellour Roberte Baldocke with their assisters onely excepted through whose meanes the present trouble was happened to the Realme And it was forbidden that no man shoulde take ought froÌ„ any person and who soeuer coulde bring to the Queene the head of Hugh Spencer the yonger should haue two thousand pounds of the Queenes gift The Byshop of Exeter left in charge with the Citie of London The K. at his departure from London lefte master Walter Stapleton the B. of Greter behinde him to haue the rule of the Citie of LondoÌ„ Then shortly after the Q. with hir son making towardes London wrote a letter to the Maior to the Citizens requiring to haue assistance for the putting downe of the Spencers 〈…〉 knowen enimies of theirs but also 〈…〉 to all the Realme of England To this letter Caxton no aunswere at the 〈…〉 made wherfore an other was sent 〈…〉 doâ—… the sixth day of October vnder the 〈◊〉 of Isabell by the grace of God Queene of 〈◊〉 â—…ld Lady of Irelande and Countesse of 〈◊〉 â—…ew and of Edwarde eldest sonne to the 〈◊〉 of England Duke of Guienne Erle of Câ—… of Pontiew and of Muâ—…er 〈◊〉 This letter 〈…〉 directed to the Mayor and communaltie â—…don conteyning in 〈◊〉 that the 〈…〉 landing and entring into the Realme of the time was onely for the honor of the 〈…〉 wealth of the Realme inâ—…ng hâ—… to â—…ner of person but to the Spencers was 〈◊〉 vpon the Crosse in Cheape their called 〈◊〉 Crosse in Cheape on the nighte before the â—…th day of October Dyuers copies of the 〈…〉 were set vppe and fastned vppon wind 〈◊〉 â—…res in other places of the Citie and one of the salne copies was racked vpon the Lord 〈◊〉 gates After which letter thus published in the 〈◊〉 Fabiâ—… Thâ—… 〈◊〉 a greate number of artificers and other 〈◊〉 â—…ed not to sit in rest vppon suche occasion of â—…cord offered nowe that things were in 〈…〉 other partes of the Realme assemblid 〈◊〉 in greate numbers and with weapon inâ—… came to the Lorde Maior of the Citie 〈…〉 they knew to fauour the Kings parte and therefore they forced him through feare of some â—…rious violence The 〈…〉 to take 〈…〉 to receyue an oth to stand to there ordinance whiche was to put to deathe all thâ—… that were aduersaries to the Queene or had by any meanes procured the hinderance of the Cities liberties vnder pretext of whiche othe Iohn Maâ—… taken aâ—… healed they ranne and tooke one of the Citizens called Iohn Marshall bycause hee was very familiar with the Earle of Gloucester and therefore suspected to haue accused the Citizens they stroâ—… 〈◊〉 hys head and spoyled all his goodes The same daye being the fourtenth of October continuing their rage they ranne to the house of the Byshoppe of Exeter Walter de Stapleton and setting fire on the gates they entred and spoyled him of all hys plate iewels money and goodes And as it chanced in an infortunate houre for him the Bishoppe beeing the same time returning from the fieldes woulde not seeme to shrinke although her was admonished of these outrageous attemptes of the people but sitting on horsebacke came to the North dore of Saint Paule where forthwith the furious people layde violente handes 〈◊〉 him threw him downe and drew him most outrageously into Cheape side where they proclaymed him an open traytor a seducer of the Kyng and a destroyer of their liberties The Byshoppe had vpon him a certayne coate of defence whiche was called an Aketon the same therefore beeing plucked beside his backe as all other his garments The Byshopp 〈◊〉 Exeter beâ—…aded they shore his head from his shoulders and to the lyke deathe they put two of his seruauntes the one an Esquire and the other a yeoman The Byshoppes head was set on a pole for a spectacle that the remembraunce of his deathe and the cause thereof might continue His body was buryed in an old Churchyarde of the pied Friers withoute any manner of exequies or funerall seruice done for him The chiefest cause of the enimitie whiche the Londoners bare toward this Bishop rose hereof He being Lord Treasorer procured that the Iustices itenerante did sit in the Citie of London and where many of the Citizens were found â—…fendors and iustly punished as well by losing their freedomes as paying their fines and suffering corporall punishmentes they conceyued a great displeasure towardes him Moreouer it was sayde that hee had raysed a greate multitude of armed menne againste the Queene and hir sonne the Duke of Aquitayne and therefore did the Londoners as they aâ—…â—…ed seeke to preuent his proceedings The morrowâ—… after that they had thus beâ—…â—…d the Bishop of Exâ—…ter they tooke by chaunce Sir Iohn Weston Connestatâ—… of the Tower â—…d from him they tooke the keyes of the same Tower and â—…o entring the Tower they setâ—… the prisoners at libertie and in like case all those â—…hat were imprisoned in manner through y e â—…aâ—… â—…here periâ—…tted to goe at large and all the
hee had rested there a little hee tooke with him parte of the armie and passing forwarde ouer the mountaines of Scotlande euen vnto Elgen in Murrey and Inuernes further by many miles than euer his grandfather had gone Abirden brent â—…hâ—… VVals â—…r Thomas 〈◊〉 â—…lyn stayn In his retourne hee brent the towne of Aberden in reuenge of the deathe of a right valiant knight called sir Thomas Rosselin that coÌ„ming thither by sea tooke land there and was slaine by y e enemies he breÌ„t diuers other towns and places in this voyage spoyling and wasting the countreys where he came not finding any to resiste him The Earle of Cornvvall Aboute Lammas the Earle of Cornewall with the power of Yorkeshire and Northumberlande and the lorde Anthony Lucy with the Cumberlande and Westmerlande men entred Scotlande and destroyed the West partes as Carrike The Lorde Douglas and other whiche obeyed not the Ballioll The lorde William Douglas still coasted the Englishemen doing to them what domage he might At lengthe this armie loden with praies and spolle returned home but the Erle of Cornewall with his owne retinue came throughe to Sainct Iohns towne where he founde the king being returned thither froÌ„ his iourney which he had made beyonde the mountains The king stayed not long there but leauing the king of Scottes with his companie in that towne he went to Striueling where on the plat of grounde vppon which the destroyed castell had stoode Striuelyn Castell buylt or rather repared hee built an other fortresse called a Pile And now bicause he had spent a great deale of treasure in those warres of Scotlande hee summoned a parliameÌ„t to be holdeÌ„ at Notingham in which there was graunted to him a .x. of the clergie and likewise of the citizens and burgesses of good townes and a .xv. of other that dwelte foorth of cities and boroughes About the latter end of October Iohn of Eltham Earle of Cornwall the kings brother The decesse of the Earle of Cornevvall departed this life at saint Iohns towne in Scotlande his bodie was afterwardes conueyed to Westminster and there buried with all soleÌ„pne funeralles The Scottish writers affirme that he was slaine by his brother king Edward for the crueltie he had vsed in the Weste partes of Scotlande in sleaing suche as for safegarde of their liues fledde into churches The decesse of Hughe de Fresnes Earle of Lincolne Moreouer in December there deceassed at saint Iohns town aforesaid Hugh de Fresnes that in right of the countesse of Lincolne was entitled Earle of Lincolne He died of the flixe or as was said throughe excessiue colde VValter Gisburgh Tho VVals whiche in those quarters in that cold time of the yeare sore afflicted the englishe people In the meane time aboute the feaste of saint Luke the Euangeliste the K. went with an armie into Scotlande towarde the castell of Bothuille and comming thither repared the same The lord Stafforde whiche by the Scottes had lately before bin destroied The baron Stafford the same time coÌ„ming towards the king with a power of men took Douglas Dale in his way taking in the same a greate praye of cattell and other thinges Before Christmasse the king returned into England but the king of Scottes remained all the winter in saint Iohns town with a sober coÌ„panie When the king had setled the state of Scotlande vnder the gouernement of the Balliol those Scottishmen which toke part with the Ballioll A statute ordeined by the Scots in fauour of the king of England ordeyned as it wer in recompence of king Edwardes frindeshippe a statute wherby they bounde themselues to the saide King Edwarde and his heyres kinges of Englande that they should aide and assist him againste all other princes and whensoeuer it chanced that eyther he or any king of England being rightful inheritor had any warrs against any prince either within the lande or without the Scottishemen of their owne proper costes and expences shoulde finde .iij. C. horsemen and a M. footemen well and sufficientely arraied for the warre the which xiij C. men the Scottes shoulde wage for a whole yeare and if the king of Englande ended not his warres within the yeare then he to giue wages to the saide number of .xiij. C. Scots as he dothe to other of his souldiors and men of warre There be that write Polidore that the king of England should not only fortifie saint Iohns towne about this time as before is mencioned but also saint Androwes Tovvnes fortified by King Edvvard in Scotlande Cowper Aberdine Dunfermeling with certen other castels leauing garnisons of men in the same But for so muche as yee may read sufficiently of those troubles in Scotland and of the returne of K. Dauid foorth of FraÌ„ce and how his realme was recouered out of the Balliols hands in the Scottish chronicles we neede not here to make any long discourse thereof Tho. VVals Croxden 1336 The Queene was deliuered of hir seconde sonne at Hatfield who was therfore named WilliaÌ„ of Hatfield who liued but a short tyme departing this worlde when he was but yong The King studieth to gather money to maintaine his vvarres The king being returned home foorthe of Scotlande seeketh all wayes possible howe to recouer money bothe to supplie his charges for the Scottishe warres and also to furnishe the other warres whiche he ment to take in hande againste the French king he got so muche into his handes as it is reported by writers that it was very scant harde to come by throughout the whole realme by reason of which scarcitie and want of money or vpon some other necessarie cause Greate cheapnes of vvâ—…res and scarcitie of money victuall and other chaffer and merchaÌ„dises were exceding cheaper for at London a quarter of wheate was solde 〈◊〉 .ii. ss a fat oxe for .vj. ss .viij. d a fat sheepe for .vj. d or .viij. d halfe a dosen pigeons for .j. d a fatte goose for .ij. d. a pig for .j. d and so all other victualles after the like rate This yeare was the warre proclaimed betwixte Englande and Fraunce chiefly by the procurement of the Lord Roberte Daâ—…tois a frenchmaÌ„ as then banished out of France vppon occasion of a claime by him made vnto the erledome of Artois This lorde Roberte after he was banished Fraunce fledde ouer vnto K. Edward who gladly receiued him and made him Earle of Richmont All the goodes of the Italians were by the kings commaundement this yeare confiscate to his vse and so likewiâ—… were the goodes of the Moâ—…kes of the Câ—…gâ—…acke and Câ—…sterâ—… orders This yeare also a come to or blasing â—…e appeaÌ„ted with song and terrible streames passing from it In this .ij. yeare of his raigne the Kyng helde a parliament at Westminster 1337 An. reg 〈◊〉 aboue the time of Lent during the whiche of the Earledome of Cornwall he made a duchre and gaâ—…e it vnto his eldest
The â—…ie setteth fâ—… and is beaâ—… backe by â—…pest meaning to haue intercepted the Spanish fleetâ—… that was gone to Sluse in Flaunders but thorough rage of tempest and contrary windes they were driuen home although twice they attempted their fortune But sir Hugh Caluceley depâ—…tie of Calice slept not his businesse doing still what displeasures he could to the Frenchmenne Shortly after Christmas Explâ—… done by Sir Hugh Caâ—…uerley he spoyled y e towne of Estaples the same daye the faire was kepte there to the which a great number of Mecchâ—…s of Bulleigne were come to make their markâ—… but the sellers had quicke vtterance for that that might easily be carried away the Englishmenne layde hands on and caused the owners to reâ—…e the residue with great summes of money which they vndertooke to pay or else sir Hugh threatned to haue brent all that was left togither with the houses Ye haue hearde how at the first the Duke of Lancaster was one of the chiefe about the yong King in gouernement of his person and Realm who prudently considering that sith there must needes be an alteration in the state and doubting least if any thing chaunced otherwise than well The Duke of Lancaster miâ—…taking the â—…ders of the 〈◊〉 getteth himself home to the Castell of Kelingworth the fault and blame might bee chiefly imputed to hym and thankes howsoeuer things wente he looked for none he gaue therefore the slip obteyning licence of the Kyng to departe and so gote hym home vnto his Castell of Kelingworth permitting other to haue the whole sway for before his departure from the Courte there were with his consent ordeyned such as should be attending on the Kings person and haue the rule and ordering of matters perteyning to the state as William Courtney then Bishop of London though shortly after remoued to the Archbyshoppes Sea of Caunterbury Edmond Mortimer Earle of Marche and diuers other of whome the people had conceiued a good opinion but yet bycause the Byshoppe of Salisbury and the Lorde Laâ—…ner were admitted amongst the residue the comâ—…s murmured greatly agaynst them The Earle of Northumberland resigned hys office of Lorde Marshall in whose place succeeded Sir Iohn Arundell brother to the Earle of Arundell The Duke of Lancaster although retired froÌ„ the Court yet desirous to haue the money in his handes that was graunted the last Parliamente at length obteyned it vpon promise to defend the Realme from inuasion of all enimies for one yeares space hee therefore prouided a greate naâ—… to goe to the Sea hyring nine Shippes of Bayone to assist his enterprise herein the whych in making sayle hitherwardes encountred with the Spanish fleete and tooke fourteene vessels laden with wines and other merchandise but in the meane time one Mercer a ScottishmaÌ„ with certayne saile of Scottes Frenchmen and Spaniardes came to Scarburgh and there tooke certayne Shippes and led them away to the Sea as it were in reuenge of his fathers emprisonment â—…ed Iohn Mercer who before beeyng caâ—… by certayne Shippes of the Northparts and deliuered to the Earle of Northumberland was committed to prison within the Castell of Scaâ—…brough Thus were the Englishmen occupyed in thys firste yeare of Kyng Richarde with troubles of warre and not onely against the Frenchmenne but also againste the Scottes for euen in the beginning of the same yeare the Scottes brente Rockesbourgh Rockesburgh brent by the Scottes in reuenge whereof the newe Earle of Northumberlande entred Scotlande with tenne thousande men and fore spoyled the landes of the Earle of Marche for the space of three dayes togither bycause the sayde Earle of Marche was the chiefe author of the brenning of Rockesburgh and so for that time the Englishmen were well reuenged of those enimies But at an other time when the Northren men woulde needes make a roade into Scotlande entring by the West bordures they were encountred by the Scottes and putte to flight so that many of theÌ„ being slayne the Scottes tooke the more courage to inuade the bordures till at length Edmonde Mortimer Earle of Marche came at the daye of truce and tooke an abstinence of warre betwixte both nations for the time though the same continued not long Andue after Midsomer An. reg â—â— The Duke of Lancaâ—… 〈…〉 the Duke of 〈◊〉 â—…er with a strong power tooke the Sea and â—…ding in Britaine besieged the Towne of 〈◊〉 Malâ—… de Liste a fortresse of greate 〈◊〉 There weÌ„t ouer with him y e Erles of Buckingham Warwike Stafforde and dyueâ—…s 〈◊〉 the Englishe nobilitie the whiche made â—…pproches and fiercely assayles the Towne 〈…〉 was so valiantly defended that in the ende the Duke with his army raysed from theâ—… and returned without atchieuing his purpose About the same time there was a notable and haynous murther committed within Sâ—…e Peters Churche at Westminster by decâ—… of variance betweene the Lorde Laâ—… and Sir Raufe Ferrers on the one partie Hall and â—…keâ—…ley hâ—…e Câ—…on and two Esquiers the one called Roberte Hall and the other Iohn Shakell on the other partie aboute a prisoner whiche was taken at the bastell of Nazers in Spayne called the Erle of Deane who as some write Polidore was taken by one sir Fâ—…e de Hall at the sayde battell and bycause hee remayned in his handes at the deathe of the sayde Sir Franke hee bequeathed him vnto his sonne the sayde Roberte Hall Esquier But as othir write the sayde Earle was taken by the sayde Roberte Hall hymselfe Tho. VVâ—… and Iohn Shakell ioyntly and iudged to bee theyr lawfull prisoner by the sentence of the Prince of Wales and Sir Iohn Shandos that was master to the said Esquiers wherevpon afterwards the said Earle obteyned so muche fauour that by leauing hys sonne and heire in guage for his raunsome he returned into Spayne to prouide for money to discharge it but he was so slow in that matter after he was at libertie that he departed this lift before he made anye paymente and so his lands fell to his sonne that remayned in guage for the money with the two Esquiers wherevpon happened afterwardes that the Duke of Lancaster desirous to haue the yong Earle in his hands in hope through hys meanes the better to accomplishe his enterprice whiche hee meant to take in hande agaynste the kyng of Cast ille for the right of that Kingdome procured hys nephew Kyng Richard to require the sayde Earle of Deane at the hands of the sayd Esquiers but they refused to deliuer him keeping their prisoner foorthe of the way so that none wist where hee was become the Esquiers therefore were committed to the Tower out of the whiche they escaped vnto Westminster and there registred themselues for sanctuarie men The Duke of Lancaster was heerewith sore offended and their enimies the sayde Lorde Latimer and Sir Raufe Ferrers tooke counsell togither with Sir Allene Boxhull and others howe they myghte bee reuenged of thys despite This sir Alane Boxhull was
Cobham condemned But now to proceede In this Parliament holden at Shrewsburye the Lorde Reignolde Cobham beeing a verye aged manne simple and vpright in all his dealings was condemned for none other cause but for that in the xj yeare of the Kings raigne hee was apointed with other to be attendaunt about the king as one of his gouernors The actes and ordinaunces also deuised and established in the parliament holden in that .xj. yeare were likwise repealed Moreouer in this Parliament at Shrewesbury it was decreed that the Lorde Iohn Cobham shoulde be sente into the Isle of Gernesey there to remaine in exile hauyng a small portion assigned hym to liue vpon The king so wroughte that hee obteyned the whole power of bothe houses to be graunted vnto certaine persones as to Iohn duke of Lancaster Edmunde duke of Yorke Edmunde Duke of Aumerle The auctoritie of bothe houses in parliament grauÌ„ted to certaine persons Tho. duke of Surrey Iohn duke of Excester Iohn Marques Dorset Rog. erle of Marche Io. erle of Salisbury Henry erle of Northumberland Tho. erle of Gloucester Wil. erle of Wiltshire Iohn Hussey Henry Cheimeswick Robert Tey and Io. Goulofer knights Tho. VVals or to .vij. or .viij. of them These were appointed to heare determine certaine petitions and maters yet depending and not ended but by vertue of this graunt they proceeded to conclude vpon other thinges whiche generally touched the knowledge of the whole parliameÌ„t in derogation of the states thereof to the disaduantage of the kyng perillous example in time to come When the king had spente much money in time of this parliameÌ„t he demanded a disme a halfe of the clergie and a .xv. of the temporaltie Finally a generall pardon was graunted for all offences to all the kinges subiects â—…0 only excepted whose names he wold not by any meanes expresse but reserued them to his owne knowledge that when any of the nobilitie offended him he might at his pleasure name him to be one of the number excepted and so keepe them still within his daunger To the ende that the ordinaunces iudgementes and actes made pronounced and established in this Parliamente mighte be and abide in perpetuall strengthe and force the Kyng purchased the Popes 〈◊〉 which were conteined greuous censures â—…ses The king 〈…〉 againâ—… 〈…〉 pronounced agaynst al suche as did 〈◊〉 means go about to break violate the statuteâ—… the same parliamente ordeined These 〈◊〉 were openly published and red at Paules 〈◊〉 in London in other the most publike places of the realme Many other things were 〈◊〉 in this parliameÌ„t to the displeasure of no 〈◊〉 number of people namely Rightfull 〈…〉 for that diuers rightfull heires were disinherited of their lands and liuings by auctoritie of the same parliament with which wrongfull doings the people wâ—… muche offended so that the K. and those that were about him chiefe in counseâ—… come 〈◊〉 greate infamy and slaunder In deede the king after he had dispatched the duke of Gloucestâ—… and the other noble men was not a little 〈◊〉 for that he knewe them still ready to disappoâ—… him in all his purposes therefore being 〈◊〉 as it were carelesse did not behaue hymselfe 〈◊〉 some haue written in such discreete order Polidor at many wished but rather as in time of prosperitie it often happeneth he forgot hymselfe Kyng Richarde his euill gouernement and beganne to rule by will more than by reason threatning deathe to eche one that obeyed 〈◊〉 his inordinate desires by meanes wherof the lords of the realme began to feare their owne estates being in danger of his furious outrage whome they tooke for a manne destitute of sobrietie and wisedome and therefore coulde not like of him that so abused his auctoritie Herevpon there were sundry of the nobles that lamented these mischiefes and specially shewed their griefes vnto such by whose naughty couÌ„sell they vnderstoode the king to be missed and this they did to the ende that they being aboute him might either turne their copies and giue him better couÌ„sell or else he hauing knowledge what euill reporte went of him might amende his maners But all was in vaine for so it fell forthe that in this parliameÌ„t holdeÌ„ at Shrewsbury Henry Duke of Hereford The Duke of Hereforde appealeth the duke of Norfolk of oftetimes accused Tho. Mowbray duke of Norfolke of certaine wordes which he shuld vtter in talke had betwixt them as they roade togyther lately before betwixte London and Brainforde sounding highely to the kings dishonor Thom. VVaâ—… And for further proofe thereof he presented a supplication to the K. wherin he appealed the duke of Norfolke in field of battaile for a traitour false and disloiall to the K. and enimy vnto the realme This supplication was redde beefore bothe the Dukes in presence of the Kyng whiche done the Duke of Norfolke tooke vppon hym to aunswere it declaring that whatsoeuer the Duke of Hereforde hadde sayde agaynste hym other than well hee lyed falsely like an vntrue Knighte as he was And wheÌ„ the king asked of the duke of Hereforde what he saide to it he taking hys hoode off his heade said 〈◊〉 soueâ—… Lorde euen as the supplication whiche I tooke you importeth right so I say to â—…ruthe that Thomas Moubray duke of Norfolke is a traitoâ—… false and disloyall to your toâ—… Maiestie was crowne and to all the sâ—…s of your realme Then the Duke of Norfolke beeyng asked what he said to this he answered Right dâ—… Lord with your fauour that I make aunswere vnto your cousin here I say your reuerence saued that Henry of Lancaster duke of Hereforde like a false and disloyall traitour as he is dothe lye in that he hath or shall say of mee otherwise than well No more saide the Kyng wee haue hearde enough and herewyth commaunded the Duke of Surrey for that tourne Marshall of Englande to arrest in his name the twoo Dukes The Duke of â—…ry Marshal and the Duke of Aumarle câ—…able of Englande the Duke of Lancaster father to the Duke of Hereforde the Duke of Yorke the Duke of Aumarle Constable of Englande and the duke of Surrey Marshal of the realm vndertook as pledges body for body for the duke of Herford but the duke of Norfolke was not suffred to put in pledges and so vnder arrest was led vnto Windsor castel and there garded wyth keepers that were appointed to see hym safely kept Nowe after the dissoluing of the Parliament at Shrewsbury there was a day appointed about a sixe weekes after for the K. to come vnto Winsor to hear and to take some order betwixte the twoo dukes which had thus appealed eche other The order of the proceeding in this appeale There was a greate skaffold erected within the castell of Windsore for the king to sit with the Lordes and Prelates of his realme and so at the day apointed he with the saide lords prelats being come
English ships After this Titus Liâ—… Harflevv â—…ed by the 〈◊〉 the duke of Bedford sailed vp to Harflew refreshed y e town both with victual and money nothwithstanding that French galleys did what they could to haue letted that enterprice When the Earle of Arminacke hearde that the puissant nauie of Fraunce was vanquished hee reised his siege and returned to Paris After this discomfiture and losse the puissance of the Frenchmen began to decay for now the Princes and nobles of the Realme fell into deuision and discord amoÌ„g themselues studying how to reuenge their olde iniuries â—…ll disâ—… amongst â—…e nobles â—…o France so that they refused to take payne for the aduancement of the publique weale and safegard of their countrey and therevpon through priuie displeasure and couerte hatred their power beganne to waxe so slender and their libertie broughte into suche a malitious diuersitie and doubtfull difference that it was maruell their countrey hadde not bin brought into a perpetuall bondage whiche thing no doubt had followed if King Henrie hadde longer liued in this mutable world for as vppon one inconuenience suffered many do followe so was it in Fraunce at that time for the King was not of sound memorie the warre that was toward seemed both doubtful and perilous the Princes were vntrustie and at discord and a hundred things moe whiche might bryng a realme to ruine were out of frame and order in Fraunce in those dayes After that the Duke of Bedford was returned backe againe into England with great triumph and glory he was not so muche thanked of the King his brother as praised of y e Emperor Sigismond being to him a stranger whiche saide openly that happie are those subiectes whiche haue suche a K. but more happie is the K. that hath such subiects When y e Emperor perceiued that it was in vain to moue further for peace he left off that treatie and entred himselfe into a league with K. Henrie the conteÌ„ts of which league coÌ„sisted chiefly in these articles Titus Liuius The Emperor â—…eth into league with King Henry that both y e said Emperor and K. theyr heires and successors should be friends each to other as alies and confederates againste all manner of persons of what estate or degree so euer they were the Churche of Rome The conâ—…eÌ„ts of the league and the Pope for y e time being only excepted and that neyther they nor their heires nor successors shoulde bee present in counsell or other place where either of them or his heires or successors might susteine domage in lands goodes honors states or persons that if any of them should vnderstande of losse or hinderance to be like to fall or happen to the others they should impeache the same or if y t lay not in their powers they should aduertise the others thereof with all conuenient speede and y e either of them and their heires and successors should aduance the others honor and commoditie without fraude or deceipt Moreouer y e neyther of theÌ„ nor their heires nor successors should permitte their subiects to leuie warres agaynst the others and that it should be lawfull and free for each of their subiects to passe into the others countrey there to remayne and make merchaÌ„dice either by sea or lande paying the customes gabels and dueties due and accustomed according to the lawes and ordinances of the places countreys where they chanced to ariue Furthermore that neither of the saide Princes nor their heires nor successors should receiue any rebell banished man or traitors of the others wittingly but should cause euery such person to auoide out of their countreys realmes dominioÌ„s and iurisdictions Againe that neither of the said Princes their heires nor successors shoulde begin any warres againste anye other person other than suche as they had warres with at that present without consente of the other his confederate except in defence of themselues their conÌ„treis subiects in case of inuasioÌ„ made vpoÌ„ theÌ„ Also that it should be lawfull for the K. of England to prosecute his warres against the FreÌ„chmeÌ„ for recouerie of his right as should seeme to him expediente and likewise to y e Emperor for recouerie of any part of hys right in France so y t neither of theÌ„ did preiudice y e others right in y t behalfe Lastly that either of theÌ„ should assist the other in recouerie and coÌ„quest of their right laÌ„ds and dominions ocupyed with holden and kept froÌ„ them by him that called himself K. of FraÌ„ce and other y t princes BaroÌ„s of France This aliance with other coÌ„ditions agreemeÌ„ts and articles was coÌ„cluded established the .19 daye of October in y e yere of our Lord .1416 This done Titus Liuius the Emperor returned homewards to passe into Germany the K. partly to shew him pleasure partly bycause of his owne affayres associated him to his towne of Calais During the time of their abode there the Duke of Burgoigne offered to come to Calais to speake with the Emperor and the K. bycause he had knowledge of y e league that was coÌ„cluded betwixt them the K. sent his brother the Duke of Gloucester and the Erle of March to the water of Graueling to be hostages for the Duke of Burgoigne and also y e Earle of Warwike with a noble coÌ„pany to coÌ„duct him to his presence At Graueling fourd the Dukes met after salutations done the Duke of Burgoigne was conueyed to Calais where of y e Emperor and the K. hee was highly welcomed feasted Heere is to be noted Continuation de la chronicle de Flanders that in Iune last y e K. of EnglaÌ„d had sent the Erle of Warwike and other vnto y e Duke of Burgoigne as then remaining at Lisle A truce betweene the K. and the Duke of Burgoigne where by y e diligeÌ„t trauaile of those english Ambassadors a truce was concluded betwixte the K. of England and the Duke of Burgoigne touching onely the Counties of Flanders and Arthois to endure from the feast of S. Iohn Baptist in that presente yeare 1416. vnto the feast of Sainte Michaell in the yeare nexte ensuing whiche truce at the Dukes being now at Calais when no further agreement could be concluded was prolonged vnto the feast of S. Michaell that should be in y e yere 1419. The Duke of Gloucester was receyued at Graueling by the Erle Charroloys and by him honorably coueyed to S. Omers and there lodged that night The next day the Erle Charroloys came with diuers noble men to visit y e duke of Gloucester in his lodging and wheÌ„ he entred into y e chamber the dukes backe was towardes him talking with some one of his seruauntes did not see nor welcome the Erle at his first entrie but after he sayde to him shortly without any great reuerence or comming towards hym you be welcome faire cousin and so passed forth his tale with his seruaÌ„ts The
done they set fire in the castell and departed to Roan with their bootie and prisoners Thus maye ye see that in warre nothyng is certain and victorie is euer doubtfull whiche sometyme smyled on the Englishe parte and sometime on the Frenche side according to hir variable nature But nowe to speake somwhat of the doings in England in the meane tyme. Whylest the men of war were thus occupied in martiall feates and dayly â—…irmishes within the Realme of Fraunce ye shall vnderstande that after the Cardinall of Winchester and the Duke of Gloucester were to the outward apparaunce of the worlde reconciled eyther to other the Cardinall and the Archebyshop of Yorke ceassed not to do many things without the consent of the King or of the Duke A nevv breach â—…etvveene the Duke of Glouâ—…ster and the â—…ishoppe of â—…Vinchester being during the minoritie of the K. gouernour and protector of the Realme wherfore the sayde Duke lyke a true hearted Prince was nothyng pleased and therevppon in wrytyng declared to the Kyng wherein the Cardinall and the Archebyshoppe hadde offended both his Maiestie and the lawes of the realme This complaynt of the Duke of Gloucester was conteyned in foure and twentie articles as in the Chronicle of Maister Hall ye may reade at full the whyche for breefenesse I here omitte But the chefest point rested in that it was apparant howe the Cardinall hadde from tyme to tyme through the ambitious desyre to surmount all others in high degrees of honour and dignitie sought to eâ—…che himselfe to the great apparant hynderaunce of the king as in defraudyng hym not onely of his treasure but also in doing and practising thyngs greatly preiudiciall to his affaires in Fraunce and namely by settyng at libertie the Kyng of Scottes vpon so easy conditions as the Kynges Maiestie greately loste thereby When the Kyng hadde hearde the accusations thus layde by the Duke of Gloucester agaynste the Cardinall he commytted the examination thereof to his Counsell whereof the more parte were spirituall persons so that what for feare and what for fauoure the matter was winked at and nothyng sayde to it onely faire countenance was made to the Duke as though â—…o malice hadde beene conceyued agaynst hym but venym wyll breake out and inwarde grudge wyll soone appeare whiche was thys yeare to all men apparant for dyuâ—…rs secrete attemptes were aduaunced forwarde thys season agaynst thys noble man Humfrey Duke of Gloucester a farre off whiche in conclusyon came so neere that they bereâ—…te hym bothe of lyfe and lande as shall hereafter more playnly appeare For fyrst this yeare Dame Eleanore Cobham wyfe to the sayde Duke was accused of treason for that shee by sorcerie and enchauntement entended to destroy the kyng to the intent to aduaunce hir husbande to the Crowne Vppon thys shee was examined in Sayncte Stephens Chappell before the Byshop of Canterbury and there by examination conuicte and iudged to doe open penaunce in three open places wythin the Citie of London and after that adiudged to perpetual imprisonmeÌ„t in the ysle of Man vnder y e keping of sir Io. Stanley knight At the same season were arrested arrayned and adiudged gyltie as ayders to the Duchesse Thomas Southwell Prieste and Chanon of Saynte Stephens at Westminster Iohn Hun priest â—…s Iohn 〈◊〉 Roger Bolyngbrooke a cunning Necromancer as it was said and Margerie Iordayn surnamed the Witche of Eye The matter layde against them was for that they at the requeste of the sayde Duchesse had deuysed an Image of waxe representyng the Kyng whiche by their sorcerie by little and little consumed entendyng thereby in conclusion to waste and destroye the Kyngs persone Margerie Iordayne was brente in Smyshfielde and Roger Bolyngbrooke was drawne to Tyborne and hanged and quartered taking vpon his death that there was neuer any suche thing by them imagined Iohn Hun hadde his pardon and Southwell dyed in the Tower before execution The Duke of Gloucester bare all these thinges paciently and sayd little Edward son to the duke of Yorke was borne this yeare the .xxix. of Aprill at Roan King Edvvard the fourthe borne his father being the Kings lieutenant of Normandie 1442 The Counsell of Englande forgat not the late enterprise of the Frenche king An. reg 21. atchieued in the Duchie of Guyenne and therfore doubting some other the lyke attempte they sente thyther Syr Wyllyam Wooduile wyth eyght hundred menne to fortifye the frontiers and farther set foorth a proclamation that all men which wold transporte anye Corne Cheese or other victuall thyther shoulde pay no maner of custome or tallage whyche licence caused the Countrey of Aquitayne to bee well furnyshed of all thynges necessarye Aboute this season Iohn the valiaunt Lorde Talbot for his approued prowes and tried valiancie shewed in the Frenche warres Iohn Lorde Talbot creâ—… Earle of Shrevvebury was created Earle of Shrewesbury and with a companie of three thousande menne sente agayne into Normandie for the better defence of the same In this yeare dyed in Guyenne the Countesse of Comynges 1443 to whome the French king and also the Earle of Arminacke pretended to be heyre insomuche that the Earle entred into all the landes of the sayde Ladie and bycause hee knewe the Frenche Kyng woulde not take the matter well to haue a Roulande agaynste an Olyuer he sente solemne ambassadours to the king of Englande offeryng him his daughter in mariage wyth promyse to be bounde beside greate summes of money whyche hee woulde giue wyth hir to deliuer into the Kyng of Enlands handes all suche Castelles and Townes as he or his auncesters deteyned from him within any part of the Duchie of Acquitayne eyther by conquest of his progenitors or by gifte or deliuerie of any Frenche king and further to ayde the same Kyng wyth money for the recouerye of other Cityes wythin the same Duchye by the Frenche Kyng or by any other persone from hym vniustly kept and wrongfully withholden Thys offer seemed so profytable and also honorable to King Henry and to the realme that the Ambassadours were well hearde honourably receyued and wyth rewardes sente home into theyr countrey After whome were sente for the conclusion of the marriage into Guyenne sir Edwarde Hull sir Robert Ros and Iohn Graâ—…ton deane of S. Seuerines the whyche as all the Chronographers agree both concluded the marryage and by proxie affyed the yong Ladye The Frenche kyng not a little offended herewyth sent his eldest sonne Lewes the Dolphyn of Vyenne into Rouergue wyth a puissant armye whyche tooke the Earle and hys youngest sonne with both his daughters and by force obteyned the countreyes of Arminack Lovuergne Rouergue and Moulessonoys beside the cities Seuetac Cadeac and chased the bastarde of Arminack out of his countreyes and so by reason hereof the concluded mariage was deferred and that so long that it neuer tooke effect as hereafter it may appeare Thus whylest England was vnquieted and Fraunce by spoyle
them as well of Spirituall Lordes as Temporall wyth many graue and sage persons of the Communaltie daylye assembled at the blacke Friers and other places to treat and commen of this matter being of so great importance During which time the Duke of Yorke although he and the King were both lodged in the Palace of Westmynster yet would hee not for any prayers or request made vnto him once bysite or see the King tyll some perfect conclusion were taken in thys greate and weightie matter saying and affyrming that he was subiect to no man but onely to God and hee was Lorde and superiour and none other The King of Scottes partlye encouraged through the ciuill discorde here in England and partly for the displeasure which he had conceyued for the death of Edmonde Duke of Somerset his mothers brother The Castel of Roxburh â—…sieged The k. of 〈◊〉 through misfortune 〈◊〉 this yere besieged the Castell of Roxbourgh and by the breaking of a Bombarde as the same was shotte off agaynste the Castell hee chaunced to bee slaine Yet the Scottes lefte not off theyr enterpryse assaulting the Castell tyll they gatte it and then defended it a long tyme after tyll Rycharde Duke of Glocester it conquered and destroyed After long debating of the matter with many arguments made and deliberate consultation had amongest the Peeres Prelates and Commons of the realme vpon the vigill of all Saints it was condiscended and agreed by the three estates The deterâ—…nation of the parliament â—…cerning the â—…tailing of thâ—… Crowne for so much as King Henrie had beene taken as King by the space of .xxxviij. yeares and more that he should enioy the name and title of King and haue possession of the Realme during his naturall lyfe And if he eyther dyed or resigned or forfeyted the same for breaking or going agaynst any poynt of thys concorde then the sayde Crowne and authoritie royall should immediately bee deuoluted and come to the Duke of Yorke if hee then lyued or else to the next heyre of his lynage And that the D. of York from thenceforth should bee Protectour and Regent of the lande This agreement beeing put in Articles was engrossed sealed and sworne by the two parties and also enacted in the highe Court of Parliament For ioy whereof the King hauing in hys companie the Duke of Yorke roade to the Cathredrall Churche of Saint Paule within the Citie of London and there on the daye of all Saintes with the Crowne on hys heade wente solemnly in Procession and was lodged a good space after in the Bishops Palace neare to the sayde Church The Duke of Yorke proclaymed heire appeare and proâ—… of the â—…ne And vpon the Saterday next ensuyng Rycharde Duke of Yorke was by sound of Trumpet solemnely proclaymed heyre apparaunt to the Crowne of Englande and Protector of the Realme The parliameÌ„t at Couentrye â—…e frustrate After this the Parliament kept at Couentrie the last yeare was declared to bee a diuelishe counsaile and onely celebrate for the destruction of the Nobilitie and no lawfull Parliament bycause they which were returned were neuer elected according to the due order of the lawe but secretely named by them which desyred rather the destruction than the aduauncement of the common wealth When those agreementes were done and enacted the King dissolued his Parliament whiche was the laste Parliament that euer hee ended The Duke of Yorke well knowing that the Queene woulde spurne agaynst the conclusions agreed vpon in this Parliament caused both hirselfe and hir sonne to be sent for by the King But she being a stout Dame vsing to rule and not to be ruled and thereto counsayled by the Dukes of Exceter and Somerset not only denyed to come but also assembled a greate army entending to take the King by fine force oute of the Lordes handes The Protector being in London and hauing perfite knowledge of all these doings assigned the Duke of Norffolke and the Earle of Warwike his trustie friendes to be about the King and hee with the Earles of Salisburie and Rutlande and a conuenient number of men departed out of LoÌ„don the seconde day of December northward and sent to the Earle of Marche his eldest sonne to followe him with all hys power The Duke came to his Castell of Sandall beside Wakefield on Christmasse euen and there beganne to assemble his tenaunts and friendes The Queene being therof ascerteyned determined to cope with him ere his succour were come And so hauing in hir companie the Prince hir sonne the Dukes of Exceter and Somerset the Earle of Deuonshire the Lorde Clifforde the Lorde Ros and in effect all the Lordes of the North partes wyth xviij thousande men or as some write .xxij. thousande marched from Yorke to Wakefielde and had base to the Duke euen before his Castell Gates He hauing with him not fully fiue thousande persones contrarie to the myndes of hys faythful Counsailers would needes issue forth to fight with his enimies The Duke of Somerset and other of the Queenes part deuised how to take theyr moste aduauntage and so appoynted the Lord Clifford to lie in one stale and the Earle of Wilshire in another and the Duke with other kept the main battaile In this conflict was wounded and taken prisoner Richarde Earle of Salisburie sir Richarde Lymbricke Raufe Stanley Iohn Harow captaine Hanson diuerse other The Lord Clifford perceyuing where the Earle of Rutland was coÌ„ueyed out of the fielde by one of his fathers chapleyns and scholemaister to the same Earle followed him and ouertaking him and vnderstanding what he was stabbed him to the heart with a dagger as he kneeled afore him This Earle was but a childe at that time of xij yeares of age but neither his tender yeares nor his dolorous countenance which he shewed in holding vp both his handes and crauing mercie and grace with his lamentable gesture for hys speache was gone for feare coulde not plie the cruel heart of the Clifford to take pitie vpon him The cruel murder of the yong Erle of RuclaÌ„d so that hee was noted with great infamie for that his vnmerciful act and murther made of that yong gentleman But the same Lorde Clifforde not satisfied herewith came to the place where the dead corpse of the Duke of Yorke lay and caused his heade to be striken off and set on it a Crowne of Paper and so fixed it on a Poil and presented it to the Queene not lying farre from the fielde in greate dispite and muche deresion at which present muche ioy and great reioysing was shewed but they laughed then that shortly after lamented and were glad then of other mennes deathes that knewe not theyr owne to bee so neare at hande VVheshaÌ„sted Some write that the Duke was taken aliue and in decision caused to stande vpon a 〈◊〉 on whose heade they put â—…arlande in steade of a Crowne which they had fashioned and shade of Segges or Bulrushes and hauing so crowned
of the same Parliament entayled to king Henrie the sixth and to his heyres Males and for default of such heyres to remaine to George Duke of Clarence and to his heyres male and further the sayd Duke was enabled to bee nexte heyre to his father Richard Duke of Yorke and to take from him all his landes and dignities as though he had beene his eldest sonne at the tyme of his death Iasper Erle of Pembroke and Iohn Earle of Oxford and diuerse other by king Edward attainted were restored to their old names possessions and ancient dignities Beside this the Earle of Warwike as one to whom the common welth was much boundeâ—… was made gouernor of the realme The Erle of Warwicke instituted gouernour of the realme with whome as fellow was associated George Duke of Clarence And thus was the state of the realme quite altered To this Parliament came the Murques Montacute excusing himselfe that for feare of death he declined to take king Edwardes part which excuse was accepted When Queene Margaret vnderstoode by hir husbands letters that the victorie was gotten by their friendes she with hir son Prince Edwarde and hir traine entred their ships to take their voiage into England but the winter was so sharpe the weather so stormie and the winde so contrarie that she was faine to take lande againe and to deferre hir iourney till another season Iasper Erle of Pembroke About the same season Iasper Erle of Pembroke went into Wales to visite his landes there in Pembrokeshire where he found Lorde Henry son to his brother Edmond Erle of Richmond hauing not full ten yeares of age he being kept in maner like a captine but honorably brought vp by the Lady Herbert late wife to William Erle of Pembroke beheaded at Banburie as ye before haue heard Margaret couÌ„tesse of Richmond and Darbie This Henrie was borne of Margaret the onely daughter and heire of Iohn the first duke of Somerset then not being full ten yeares of age the which Ladie though she were after ioined in mariage with Lorde Henrie son to Humfrey duke of Buckingham and after to Thomas Stanley Earle of Darby both being yong and apt for generation yet she had neuer any mo children as though shee had done hir part to bring forth a man childe and the same to be a king as hee after was in deede entituled by the name of Henrie the seuenth as after ye shall heare The Erle of Pembroke toke this childe being his nephew out of the custodie of the Ladie Herbert and at his returne brought the childe wyth him to London to king Henrie the sixte whome when the king had a good while behelde The saying of king Henry the sixte of Henry of Richmont after k. Henry the seuenth he sayde to such princes as were with him Lo surely this is he to whom both we and our aduersaries leauing the possession of all things shall hereafter giue rowme and place So this holy man shewed before the chaunce that should happen that this Erle Henrie so ordeyned by God should in tyme to come as he did in deed haue and enioy the kingdome and whole rule of this realme of England The Erle of Warwike vnderstanding that his enimie the Duke of Burgoigne had receyued king Edward and ment to ayde him for recouerie of the kingdome hee first sent ouer to Calais foure C. Archers on horsbacke to make warre on the Dukes countreys and further prepared foure M. valiant men to go ouer very shortly that the Duke might haue his handes euen full of trouble at home And where ye haue heard that the Erle of Warwike was kept out of Calais at his fleeing out of Englande into Fraunce ye shall note that within a quarter of an houre after it was known that he was returned into England and had chased King Edwarde oute of the Realme not onely Monseur de Vawclere but also all other of the garnison towne The ragged staffe shewed themselues to be his friends so that the ragged staffe was taken vp and worne in euery mans cap some ware it of golde enameled some of siluer and hee that could haue it neither of golde nor siluer 〈◊〉 it of whytish silke or cloth suche wauering myndes haue the common people bending like a reed with euery winde that bloweth The Duke of Burgoigne hauing an armye readie at the same time to inuade the frontiers of Fraunce to recouer the townes of Saint Quintines and Amiens lately by the French king taken from him doubted to be hindered greatly by the English men if he should bee constrayned to haue war with them for the duke of Burgoigne helde not onely at that season Flaunders but also Bulleyne and Bullennoys and all Artoys so that hee was thereby in daunger to receyue harme out of Calais on eche side The D. of Burgoigne sendeth Ambassadors to Calays Therefore he sent Ambassadours thither which did so muche with the Counsayle there that the league was newly confirmed betwixt the Realme of Englande and the Dukes Countreys only the name of Henrie put in the wryting in steade of Edwarde This matter hyndered sore the sute of King Edwarde dayly suing to the Duke for ayde at hys handes the more earnestly in deede bycause of suche promises as by letters were made vnto him oute of Englande from hys assured friends there But Duke Charles woulde not consent openly to ayde King Edwarde 1471 He aydeth k. Edward â—… hand but ye secretely vnder hande by others he lent to him fiftie thousande Florens of the Crosse of Saint Andrew and further caused foure great Shippes to be appoynted for him in the haueÌ„ of de Vere otherwise called Camphire in ZealaÌ„d which in those dayes was free for all men to come vnto and the Duke hyred for him fourtene ships of the Easterlings well appoynted and for the more suretie tooke bonde of them to serue him truely till hee were landed in Englande and fyftene dayes after The Easterlings were glad of this iourney trusting if he got agayne the possession of Englande they shoulde the sooner come to a peace and obteyne restitution of theyr lyberiges and franchises whiche they claymed of former tyme to haue wythin this realme The Duke of Burgoigne cared not muche on whose side the victorie fell sauing for payment of his money For he would oft say that he was friende to bothe partyes and eyther parte was friendly to him Indeede as hee was brother in lawe to the one so was hee of kynne to the other as by hys Grandmother being daughter to Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster When therefore all King Edwardes furniture and prouision for his iourney were once readie VV. Fleetrâ—… hauing nowe with him about two thousand able menne of warre besyde Mariners hee entred into the Shippes wyth them in the Hauen before Fishing in Zealande vppon the seconde day of Marche and bycause the winde fell not good for hys purpose hee taryed still
and North with many other Noblemen and Gentlemen and their traynes to the number of two thousande horses At his comming to the Churche in Winchester the Lorde Chauncelour accompanied with the Bishops of Duresme Elye London Lincolne Chichester and diuerse other Prelates were readie to receiue him After he had made his prayers he was conueyed to his lodging prepared for him in the Deanes house The Queene hir selfe was lodged in the Bishops pallace whither his highnesse the next day came and was receyued by hir in the hall in most courteous and louing maner And after such salutatioÌ„s and talke ended as was thought conuenient for the time he returned to his lodging where hee continued all that night and the next daye being the xxv of Iuly the mariage was openly solemnised The mariage solemnised At the which were present the Ambassadors of the Emperour the King of Romaynes the King of Boheme of Venice Florence Ferrare and Sauoye with certaine agents of other states in Italy As for the shotte of ordinaunce the diuerse kyndes of musicke the sumptuous and costlye apparell trappers and other furniture readye prouided against the receyuing of him with other ceremonies vsed aswell about the mariage as in other places where he was to be receyued were surely such and euery thing done in suche good order as better for such a purpose might not lightly be deuised The names of the Noble men that came ouer from Spaine with the Prince were as followeth The Duke of Alua. The Duke of Medina celi The Admirall of Castilla The Marques of Bergues The Marques of Piscara The Marques of Saria The Marques of Valli The Marques of Aguillar The Earle of Egmonde The Earle of Horne The Earle of Feria The Earle of Chinchon The Earle of Oliuares The Earle of Saldana The Earle of Modica The Earle of Fuentesalida The Earle of Landriano The Earle of Castellar Don Ruigomes The Bishop of Cuenca Don Iohn de Benauides And diuerse others But nowe forasmuch as some woulde happily be desirous to knowe the conditions of this memorable mariage betwixte these two highe Princes the consequence whereof might haue proued of so great importance although by the Queenes decease the effect was made voyde I haue thought good to recite in briefe the chief articles thereof First it was couenanted that he shoulde enioye the title and name of King during the matrimonie and shoulde ayde hir highnesse being his wife in the administration of hir Realmes and dominions but yet he shoulde permit and suffer hir to haue the whole disposition of all benefices and offices landes reuenues fruites of the sayde Realmes and dominions and that the same shoulde be bestowed vpon such as were hir naturall borne subiectes and that all matters of the sayd Realmes and dominions should bee treated and mayned in the same tongues wherein of old they haue ben wont to be treated That the Queene by vertue of the sayde mariage shoulde bee admitted into the 〈◊〉 of the Realmes and Dominions of the sayde Prince of Spaine as well such as he nowe presently hath as suche other also as during the matrimonie may come to him And for hir dower in case shee ouerliued him she was appointed to receyue yearely three score thousande pounde after the value of fortie groates Flemmishe money the pounde to be allotted vpon all the Realmes landes and Patrimoniall dominions of his father the Emperour that is to saye fortie thousande pounde to be assigned vpon the Realmes of Spaine Castile and Arragon according to the custome of those Realmes The other twentie thousande poundes were appointed vpon the Dukedomes Earledomes and dominions of Brabant Flanders Henault Hollande and other patrimoniall landes and inheritaunce of the sayde Emperour in the lowe Countries of Germanie in like maner as the Ladie Margaret of Englande sometime wife and widowe of the Lorde Charles sometime Duke of Burgongne had and receyued of the same And if anye parcell or parcels thereof be alienated then in lieu thereof other landes shoulde bee in due forme assigned forth for hir to enioy lying neare to the residue of hir dower The issue that shoulde chaunce to come of this mariage touching the right of the mothers inheritance in the realme of Englande and the other Realmes and dominions depending of the same aswell the males as females shoulde succeede in them according to the lawes statutes and customes of the same And as touching the landes that the sayde Prince of Spaine shall leaue behinde him first there shoulde bee reserued vnto his eldest sonne the Lord Charles of Austrich infant of Spaine and to the children and heyres of him descending as well females as males all and singular their rights which to the sayde Prince doe eyther then or thereafter shuld belong or should at any time be deuolued to him in the Realmes of Spaine of bothe the Sicilles in the Dukedome of Millaine and other landes and dominions in Lumbardie and Italie whiche neuerthelesse shall be burdened and charged with the foresayde dower of fortie thousande pounde And if it fortuned the sayde Lorde Charles to die and the issue of his bodie to sayle then the eldest sonne of this matrimonie should succeede and be admitted vnto the sayde right according to the nature lawes and customes of those Realmes and dominions The same eldest sonne shoulde also succeede in all the Dukedomes Earledomes Dominions and patrimoniall landes belonging vnto the sayde Emperour father to the sayde Prince of Spaine as well in Burgongne as in the lowe countries in the Dukedomes of Brabant Luxenburgh Gelderland Zutphane Burgongne Frezeland in the counties of Flaunders Aâ—…thoys Holland Zelande Naniure and the lande beyonde the Isles and all other whatsoeuer therevnto belonging But if the sayde Lord Charles or they that shoulde come of him remayne in life and that there be any male childe by this matrimonie the sayde Lorde Charles and his descendentes shoulde then bee excluded from the sayde landes and patrimoniall dominions of the lowe countries and of Burgongne and the same shoulde discende vnto the sayde eldest sonne borne of this matrimonie And to the other children borne thereof as well males as females a conuenient portion and dower shoulde bee allotted in the Realme of Englande and Dominions depending of the same and in the sayde landes and patrimoniall dominions of the lowe countries and neyther the eldest sonne of this matrimonie nor the sonnes begotten in the same should pretende anye right in the Realme of Spaine or the dominions of the same and reserued to the sayde Lorde Charles the infant otherwise than by their fathers and Grandfathers disposition Moreouer if it fortune no issue male to bee borne of this matrimonie but onely females in that case the eldest female shoulde with full right succeede in the sayde landes and dominions of the lowe Countries so as neuerthelesse she being minded to choose to husbande any noble manne not borne in Englande or in the lowe Countries without consent of the sayde
with all other moueable goodes of the partie that herein offendeth Suche as be appointed gouernours or as I may cal them captaines that buye within those limites Captaynes where their charges lie any lāds or possessions Bying of lāds shal lose both the land possessions money whiche they haue payde for the same And if any of the sayde captaines or gouernours mary their sonnes or daughters vnto any maner of person that dwelleth within the boūds of theyr roumes they shall lose their office neyther shall it be lawfull for any of theyr sonnes or coperceners to occupie the same office These and the like commendable lawes Makbethes counterfayte zeale and equitie Makbeth caused to be put as then in vse gouerning the realme for the space of tenne yeares in equall iustice But this was but a counterfayte zeale of equitie shewed by him partely against his naturall inclination to purchase thereby the fauour of the people Shortly after he beganne to shewe what he was in steede of equitie practising crueltie Makbeths giltie conscience For the pricke of conscience as it chaunceth euer in tyrantes and suche as attayne to any astate by vnrightuous meanes caused him euer to feare least he should be serued of the same cuppe as he had ministred to his predecessour The woordes also of the three weird sisters wold not out of his mind which as they promised him the kingdome so lykewise did they promise it at the same time vnto the posteritie of Banquho He willed therefore the same Banquho with his sonne named Fleaunce Makbethes deuise to slea Banquho and his sonne to come to a supper that he had prepared for them which was in deede as he had deuised present death at the handes of certaine murtherers whome he hyred to execute that deede appoynting them to meete with the same Banquho and his sonne without the palayce as they returned to theyr lodgings and there to slea thē so that he woulde not haue his house slaundered but that in time to come he might cleare himselfe if any thing were layde to his charge vpon any suspition that might arise It chaunced yet by the benefite of the darke night that though the father were slaine Banquho is slayne but his sonne escapeth the son yet by the helpe of almightie God reseruing him to better fortune escaped that daunger afterwardes hauing some inckling by the admonition of some frendes which he had in the courte howe his life was sought no lesse then his fathers who was slayne not by chaunce medley as by the hādling of the mater Makbeth would haue had it to appeare Fleaunce Banquhoes sonne fleeth into Wales but euen vpon a prepensed deuise wherevpon to auoyde further perill he fledde into Wales But here I thinke it shall not much make agaynst my purpose if according to the order which I find obserued in the Scottish historie I shall in fewe wordes here rehearse the originall line of those kings whiche haue discended from the foresayde Banquho that they The lyne of the Scottishe kings whiche haue enioyed the kingdome by so long continuaunce of discent from one to an other that euen vnto these our dayes may be knowen from whence they had theyr first beginning Fleaunce therfore as before is sayd fled into Wales where shortly after by his curteous and amiable behauiour he grew into such fauour and estimation with the prince of that countrey that he might vnneath haue wisshed any greater at length also he came into such familiar acquaintance with the sayd princes daughter Fleaunce defloureth the prince of Wales his daughter that she of courtesie in the ende suffred him to get hir with childe whiche being once vnderstood hyr father the prince conceyued such hatefull displeasure towardes Fleaunce Fleaunce is slayne that he finally slewe him and helde his daughter in moste vile estate of seruitude for that she had consented to be on this wise defloured by a straunger Walter the sonne of Fleaunce At the last yet she was deliuered of a sonne named Walter who within few yeares proued a man of greater courage and valiancie than any other had commonly bene founde although he had no better bringing vp than by his graūdfathers appointment amongst the baser sorte of people His bringing vp Howbeit he shewed euer euen frō his infancie The stoute stomake appearing in Walter from his childehood that there reigned in him a certaine stoutnesse of stomake ready to attēpt high enterprises It chaunced that falling out with one of his cōpanions after many taunting woordes which passed betwixt them the other to his reproch obiected that he was a bastard begottē in vnlawfull bed wherewith being sore kindled in his raging furie he ran vpō him slew him out of hād Walter fleeth into Scotland Then was he glad to flee out of Wales and cōming into Scotland to seeke some frendshippe there he happened into the cōpanie of suche Englishmen Saint Margaret as were come thither with Queene Margaret behaued himself so soberly in all his demeanour that within a while he was highly esteemed amongst them Not long after by such meanes atteyning to the degree of high reputation Walter sent with an army to dau◅at rebelles he was sent with a great power of men into the Westerne Isles into Galloway and other partes of the realme to deliuer the same of the tirannie and iniurious oppression there exercised by diuers misgouerned persons which enterpryse according to his commission he atchieued with such prudent policie manhoode that immediatly vpon his returne to the court Walter made Lorde Steward of Scotland he was made lord Steward of Scotland with assignemēt to receyue the kings rents dueties out of all the partes of the realme This Walter Stewarde had a sonne named Alane Steward Alane Stewarde who went after with Godfrey of Bullion duke of Lorraine and Robert duke of Normandy sonne to king William the basterd that conquered England into the holy lande at what time they with other westerne Princes made the great iourney thither The iourney into the holy lande Alexander Steward in the yere .1099 Alane had issue Alexander Steward that founded the abbay of Pasley of S. Benedictes order Walter Steward whose valiancie was wel notified at the batayle of Largis as hereafter shal be shewed was the sonne of the sayde Alexander Walter Steward The same Walter had issue .ij. sonnes Alexander steward the son of Walter the one named Alexander fought right valiantly in defence of his father at the foresayd batayle and the other named Robert Steward got the landes of Terbowtoun Robert steward and maried the heyre of Crukeistoun from whom descended the Earles of Leuenax and Dernly Moreouer the aboue mencioned Alexāder Steward that founded Pasley had diuers mo sonnes as Iohn Iames Iohn steward and Iames steward with sundry other Howbeit they tooke new
requiryng hys ayde that Griffyn myghte bee delyuered out of hys brothers handes promysing him greate helpe and furtherance with large condytions of submissyon and assuraunce furthirmore to bee at his commaundement and to receyue him for their true and soueraigne lorde King Henrye goeth into VVales vvith an armye Kyng Henrye vnderstandyng all theyr doings and intentes thought that this contention betwene the two brethren for the title of Wales would serue verie well for his purpose and therfore he hasted foorth wyth a speedye army of men into that countrey purposing to reduce the same vnder his obeysaunce And herewith Senena or Guenhera the wyfe of Griffyn and other of the Welche Nobilitie that tooke parte wyth hir conclude a league with Kyng Henry vppon certayne conditions as the same are conteyned in an instrumente or Charter the tenour wherof beginneth as followeth See Math. Par. in the printed boke pag. 840. Conuenit inter dominum regem Henrieum regem Angliae c. And for the performance of the articles in this instrument or writing conteyned the said Lady in name of hir husbande procured dyuers noble men to becom suerties or pledges that is to wit Raufe de Mortimer Walter de Clifforde Roger de Monthault Seneshall of Chester Mailgun ap Mailgun Meredoc ap Robert Griffin ap Maddoc of Bromefield Houwell and Meredoc brethren Griffin ap Wenuwen which persones vndertooke for the saide Lady that the couenauntes on hir parte should be perfourmed and therof they also bounde themselues by their writings vnto the saide Kyng Giuen on the Mondaye next before the Assumption of our Lady in the fiue and twentye yeare of the same Kynges reigne as in Mathewe Paris yee may finde the same recorded Pag. 840.841 and .843 in the printed copie Dauid driuen to his vvittes ende But nowe to oure purpose When Dauid vnderstoode of the kyngs approche wyth so puissaunt an armye he was brought into great perplexitie the more in deede not onely bicause there chaunced the same yere for the space of four monethes togither a greate drouthe so that the marishes and bogges were dried vp and made passable for the kyngs people but also for y t many of the Welch nobilitie as chiefly Griffin Madock and others sought his destruction in fauour of his brother Griffin whose deliueraunce they earnestlye wished and for that he stoode excommunicate by the Pope All whiche things well considered caused him to doubt of a further mischiefe to hang ouer his head Whervpon he sent to the king signifying that he would delyuer his brother Griffyn freely into his hands but letting him withall to wit by many good reasons that if he did set him at libertie he shuld minister many newe occasions of continuall warres Moreouer this couenaunt Dauid required at the kyngs handes that the kyng should reserue him so to his peace vnder the bonde of Fidelitie and hostages that he should not disinherite 〈◊〉 which when the king courteously granted Dauid sent vnto hym his brother Gryffin to dispose of hym as he should thinke requisite Dauid â—…reth 〈…〉 The Kyng receiuing him sent him to London vnder the coÌ„duct of sir Iohn de Lerinton togither with other â—…o whom hee had receiued as hostages bothe of Dauid and others the nobles of Wales appointing them to be kept in safetie wythin the Tower there There was also a Charter or deede made by the same Dauid vnto King Henrie contayning the Articles couenauntes and grauntes made betwixt the sayd Prince and the forsayde Dauid beginning thus Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos praesentes litera c. And after this that is to say See 〈◊〉 pag. 842. within .viij. dayes after the sayd feast of Saint Mychael the foresayde Dauid came to London Dauid the pâ—… of 〈…〉 â—…ge and there dyd homage to the Kyng and sware feaultie and after returned in peace backe agayne vnto hys countrey About the same time there chanced a controuersie to ryse betwixt the king and the Bishop of Lincolne for the bestowing of the benefice of Thame 〈…〉 the which Iohn Mansel the kings chapleyne hadde gotten in possession by the Kinges fauor through prouision graunted of the Pope where the Bishoppe alledgyng priuiledges to the contrary had graunted it to an other At length the Kyng hauing his fathers trouble before his eies and doubting the Bishoppes woordes threatning some euill myshappe to folowe if he shoulde stande long in the matter agaynste the sayde Bishoppe gaue ouer hys â—…nute and therewythall prouyded Iohn Maunsell of a farre more â—…yehe benefice that is to â—…ye of the personage of Maydstone whereinto the Bishoppe speedyly inuested hym Thys yeare many noble men ended theyr lyues Death of â—…ble men as well suche as were gone with the Erles of Cornewall and Leycester into the holye lande and others remaynyng still at home Amongest whyche number were these Wylliam Forz Earle of Albemarle Walter Lacy Lacye lâ—… issue 〈…〉 kinde 〈◊〉 that 〈…〉 inheâ—… his landes one of the chiefest nobles in all Irelande Stephen de Segraue Gilberte de Basset and hys sonne and heire named also Gilberte Moreouer Iohn Biset hygh Iustice of the Foâ—…estes and Peter de Mallow Hughe Wak Roberte Marmion Peter de Bruys Guysâ—… aâ—… Laidec Eustace Stoutville Eudo Hamon surnamed Peccham Baldwyn de Beâ—…un Iohn Fitz Iohn Stewarde of householde to Earle Richarde Iohn de Beau lieu Gerarde de Furniuall There dyed also the Ladye Eleanore the Countesse of Brytayne wyfe vnto Geffrey that was somtyme Earle of Britayn whyche Countesse hadde beene long kepte prysoner at Brystowe wyth dyuers other Moreouer there dyed thys yeare Roger Bishop of London and Hughe Bishoppe of Chester Also Gilberte Marshall Earle of Pembrooke in a Tornaye whyche he had attempted at Hereforde agaynst the kinges licence was by an vnruly horse caste and so hurte that immediatly he dyed thereof Neyther was thys yeare onely mournefull to Englande for the losse of suche hygh Estates but also in other places many notable personages departed out of this transitorie lyfe As two Popes Gregorie the ninthe and his successour Celestine the fourthe besydes Cardinalles â—…inall Soâ—…ote an enâ—…an amongst the whiche Robert Somercote an Englishe man was one Aboute the later ende of this .xxv. yeare the sixth daye of October Eclipse there appeared a righte sore Eclypse of the Sunne verie straunge to the beholders â—…n Reg. 26. 〈◊〉 death of Empresse â—…ell 1242 â—…rres reâ—…d betvvixt 〈◊〉 kinges of â—…lande and â—…nce In the .xxvj. yeare dyed the Empresse Isabell wyfe vnto Fredericke the Emperoure In which yeare also beganne the warres agayn betwixte Kyng Henrye and Lewes the kyng of France for the quarell of Hugh Erle of Mâ—…he who refused to do homage vnto Alfonse thâ—… brother of kyng Lewes whyche Alfonse had maryed the onely daughter and heyre of Raymund Earle of Tholouze and therefore shoulde succeede the same Earle in his estate and inheritaunce His brother kyng Lewes had also gyuen
vnto hym the Earledome of Poictou with all the landes of Aluergne 〈◊〉 Earle of â—…rche â—…guinus â—…at VVest and bycause the earle of Marche woulde not doe homage vnto hym kyng Lewes made warre vppon the Earle of Marche who thervpon sought to procure king Henrye whose mother hee had maryed to come ouer wyth an armie vnto hys ayd Kyng Henry beyng sollicited with Lettâ—…s not onely from hys father in lawe but also â—…nâ—… dyuers other noble menne of Poictou who willyngly woulde haue bene vnder hys gouernemente asked aduyse of hys counsell what hee oughte to doe in the matter Some were of opinion â—…ndry opiniâ—… in the kinâ—… counsellors that sith there hadde bene a truce taken betwixte the Kings it were not reason in any wyse to breake the same but other thought that sith the Frenche men in tymes paste had taken from King Iohn hys lawfull heritage in Normandie and Poictou and wrongfullye defayned the same styll in theyr possession wythoute restitution it coulde not bee at any tyme vnlawfull vpon occasion giuen to recouer the same out of their handes Thys opinion was allowed for good and the best that myght bee bothe of the Kyng and also of the Earle of Cornewall lately returned from hys iourney whiche he had made into the holy land But nowe all the staye rested in gatheryng money which beyng earnestly demaunded in a parliamente begon at Westmynster the Tuisdaye before Candlemasse was as styffly denied alledging in excuse theyr often payementes of Subsidies and Reliefs whiche had bene gathered sith the comming of the king to his crowne as the thirteenth fifteenth sixteenth and fortieth partes of all their mouable goods Charugage a certain duetie for euerye plovvâ—…ando beside Charugage hydage and sundrye Escuages namely the great escuage graunted for the Mariage of his sister the Empresse and also beside the thirtieth within four yeres last past or theraboutes graunted to him which they thought remayned vnspent bicause it could not be vnderstood about what necessarie affaires for the common wealth it shoulde be layde foorth and imployed where as the same was leuyed vpon condition that it shoulde remayne in certayn Castels and not to be expended but by the aduise of foure peeres of the realme as the Earle of Warren and others Moreouer they alledged that the escheats and amerciamentes whyche had bin gathered of late were suche as muste needes fill the kings Coffers and so to conclude they woulde not consente to graunt any Subsidie But yet the king so handeled the matter with the richer sort and namely those of the spiritualtie that partely by gifte and partely by borrowing hee got togyther a greate masse of treasure and so prepared an armie and shippes to passe ouer into Gascoyn with all conuenient speede In the meane tyme bycause he woulde leaue thynges in more suretie at home hee sente the Bishop of Durhant into Scotlande The Bishoppe of Durham sent into Scotlande by whose diligence a marriage was concluded betwixte the Lorde Alexander eldest sonne to the king of Scottes and the Ladie Margaret daughter to king Henry Moreouer the marches of Englande adioyning to Scotlande were committed to the king of Scots as warden of the same The K. of Scottes vvarden of the Englishe mar-hes to kepe and defende whylests kyng Henry shoulde abyde in the parties of â—â—yoâ—… the sea The archbishop of Yorke in the kings absence The Archbishop of Yorke gouernour of the realme was also appoynted chiefe gouernour of the realme The vallancie of the Earle of Leycester and others The highe prowes and valiancie of the Earles of Leycester Salisburie Norffolke wyth other noble menne as Iohn de Bourgh Warreyn de Mounte Chenille or Cheincy Hubert Fitz Mathewe and Raufe Fitz Nicholas dyd in this fight righte well appeare and lykewyse other of the Englishenation bare them selues so manfullye Iohn Kâ—… that they deserued no small commendation Amongest other also syr Iohn Maunsell the Kyngs Chaplayne and one of hys priuie counsayle dydde ryghte worthylye takyng Prysoner wyth hys owne handes one Peter Orige that was Stewarde vnto the Earle There was moreouer taken on the Frenche part sir Iohn de Barris â—…ohn Barâ—… a man of good accompt by William de Sey â—…ll de Sey. â—…erte de â—…e stayne beside sundry others On the Englishe parte was slayn Gilbert de Clare and Henrye Hastings taken prisoner with other to the number of twenty knyghtes or men of Armes if I maye so call them After thys encounter by reason that the Frenche armye encreased by newe bandes styll resortyng to theyr Kyng Earle of â—…che is reâ—…led to the â—…h king the Earle of Marche secretely soughte meanes to bee reconciled vnto hym and fynally by the helpe of the Duke of Brytayne hys olde acquayntance and frende at neede his peace was purchased so that hee hadde his landes agayne to hym restored except certayne Castels whyche for further assuraunce the Frenche kyng retayned in his handes by the space of three yeares The Kyng of Englande perceyuyng hymselfe too too muche deceyued in that he had putte suche confidence in the Earle of Marche and others of that countrey whiche shoulde haue ayded hym at thys presente and agayne aduertised that the Frenche Kyng mente to besiege hym wythin the Citie of Xainctes departed wyth all speede from thence and came to Blay a towne in Gascoigne situate neare to the riuer of Garon and distaunt seauen leagues from Burdeaux â—…h Paris 〈◊〉 Countesse â—…ern And whylest he laye here at Blay there came vnto hym the Countesse of Bierne a woman of a monstrous bygnesse of bodye bryngyng wyth hir to serue the Kyng hir sonne and three score knyghtes in hope to get some of hys sterlyng moneye whereof she knewe hym to haue plentye and so couenaunting for hir entertaynmente remayned still wyth hym and receyued euery day .xiij. lb. sterlyng yet she neuer pleasured hym to the worthe of a groate but rather hyndered hym in makyng hym bare of money whiche she receyued purssed vp and tooke away wyth hir when she departed from hym reâ—…ng â—…er FreÌ„ch â—…es In the meane tyme the Lordes de Pons Mirabeau and Mortaigne sodaynely reuolted and submitted themselues to the Frenche kyng with the Vicount of Touars and all other the Lordes and knyghtes of Poictou and the marches theraboutes that not long before hadde procured Kyng Henrye to come ouer to thery ayde The Citie of Xainctes was lykewyse rendred to hym immediately vppon kyng Henries departure from thence At whyche season the Frenche kyng mente to haue followed hym to Blaye but by reason of a greate deathe whyche chaunced in his armie he was constrained to alter his purpose â—…th in the â—…ch campe Surely as Authours haue recorded what thorough pestilence and vnwholsomnesse of the ayre a great number of Frenchemen dyed that tyme and dayly more fell sicke The number of them that dyed as Mathewe Paris and Mathew Westmin