a halfe off Croyswicke poynt betweene which and the land called La Collecte he may sayle vnto the bay of Armentyer If ye will goe from the East-side of Belisle with the bay of Armentyer let him conde East and by South till he come to the Abbie of Armentyer beyond which on the coast side standeth a woode then he must sayle East North-east till the same woode open a good way Northwarde from the Abbey then shall hee be cleare of the shoald called the Munkes Ledge Then must hee set Eastwardes towards the rocke called Peter Meyne which you may on both sides saile by assoone as you are past it anker at 6. or 7. fatham for the rest is to be sounded Right ouer against Armentyer poynt standeth Picquelier from whence the course lyeth South and by East to the Island Heys or Hoy vnder which is a dangerous road and onely safe against a South-west and a west South-west winde there is alwaies a great noyse and troublesome whirling These coastes doe yeeld almost the whole yeere wines white linnen cloth Graynes damaske Prunes and Chesse-nuttes which are transported thence to other countries And Nantes is the chiefest mart towne of these parts whither the best Orleans wines are brought downe the riuer of Loyre The Sea Coastes with the Iles of Bretayne betweene Blauet Piequeliers A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF PICQVELIER ROCHELL BROVAGE AND OF THE Islandes rockes and shoaldes adioyning euen as farre as Garunne the riuer of Bordeaux FIrst if you will sayle from Heys to the Kellyats shape your course E and by S. and E S E vntil you are past the rocke called Le Baer d'Olone which you may sayle round about Then may you hale along the coast of Poitou leauing two third parts of the water towardes the Isle of S. Martyns vntill Vrcke come without the point of the Downes and then may you see a little Tower and a woode in the land of Bos keepe that tower so long shut vp in the wood vntill the steeple in the coast of Poitou which is called the Leper doe come ouer against Vrcke which you must so hold vntill Rochell appeare without Bos poynt then haue you passed the Lauerdine And then may you sayle forth thorough Porthuis or els cast anker vnder the coast of Bos at 6. or 7. fatham The markes of Lauerdine are these If you will anker vnder the Bos keepe Rochell from Bos a ships length so you shall be cleare of the Lauerdine But if you wil anker vnder the Abbey of S. Martynes Island keepe the Abbey right without the sandy poynt of the sayd Island and hold on your course into the sandy bay Eastward of the Abbey and so shall you escape the shoaldes of Lauerdine for there is the roade for ships that are bound outward Porthuis is wide and broade and stretcheth inward East South east Brant or Burning Island standeth from S. Martynes three dutch miles S E and by East from whence you may sayle to the Easterne shoaldes called Oesterbanke South South-east keepe the little Tower of Hers on the west side of the wood vntill the red round tilde house which standeth ou the South side of the riuer Charante be one with the steeple called Le Four Then sayle East Southeast and South East and by East vntill Soubyse be ioyned to the gray village called Graue Dorpe that standeth on the shore side the little steeple of Hers wil shew it selfe right on the East-side of the Valley which is in Hers woode goe then by the markes South Southeast keeping both the little steeple which is in the Valley on the East-side thereof and the East little steeple of Hers in the white sandy place And these are the true markes of the channell of Brouage inwardes and outwardes vnto the Easterne flattes called Oesterbanke and when the red round house couered with Slates appeareth beyond the broad tower of Vere then are you past out of Brouage channell Now if you will crosse ouer to Brant Island bring not Rochell tower out of the Isle vntill you come neare the Island because of the shoald called the Baniaert which stretcheth downe by the Isle Oleron and is seene at lowe water And the roade vnder Brantysle is where you may anker to heaue out your ballast in 12. or 13. fatham If you wil enter the riuer of Bordeaux called Garunne keep the steeple of Cordam in your sight East South-east or somewhat more Easterly On the other side of the riuer standeth an high redde Downe which you must bring Northeast from you vntil you come neare the Downe which lyeth Northward then coast along that side vntill you haue entered the riuer on the North side anker then before Royan at 6. or 7. fatham all the rest is to be sounded The North-side of the riuer hath redde Downes and somewhat high without trees Three or foure leagues from the riuer side are low Downs where grow some trees and woodes In these coastes is great trade of bay salt and wine all the whole yeare great plenty whereof is transported from thence to diuers countries But Rochell is the ehiefcst towne of traffique there aboutes THE SEA COASTES of the landes of Poyctou and Bordeaux euē as they shew and appeare when you sayle there alongst betweene Picquelier the Riuer of Bordeaux called the Garonne * A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF ACASON AND BAYON AND OF THE Eastern part of Biscay vnto Castro ABout 18. leagues Southward of the riuer of Bourdeaux is a porte called Acason at the entrie wherof are two great rockes but on the North side it is broadest shunne the inner point of the Porte because it is full of rocks In the very entry you haue 5. fatham water but Northward it is deeper and faire ground and contrariwise towardes the South lie many perillous rockes whereof it behoueth you to be heedefull you may sayle in at this hauen betweene the maine land and the rocke amiddest the channell Foureteen leagues Southward from Acason lieth the hauen of Bayon whose entrie is wide and broade Set the tower at the North poynt or cape of the land and so sayle betweene the rockes and the cape vntill you come into the hauen where you may anker within the point before the towne at 4. or 5. fatham water From thence the course is Southward to S. Iohn de Lux three leagues within the rockes which stretch inwards Southeast and Southeast and by South where standeth a hill like a saddle bearing Southeast from you The towne lyeth in a great bay and so doth Fuenterabie vpon a fresh water riuer Passai beareth 5. leagues from S. Iohn de Lux west Northwest From thence you goe westward two leagues to the port of Otera which stretcheth inwards South Southeast and there haue you in the entrie 3. fatham water but when you are within it is wide and broad and the hauen is bard Foure leagues westwarde of Otera lieth Bilbao streching
the channell vnto the Island Roxo and there anker where you please But on the Southside are 2. or 3. bayes where is good anker holde If you will go to Puente Vedra set in on the Southside of the Isle Blidedones which is a very flat land lying in lēgth East north east about two dutch leagues then shall you come to a little Island in the middest of the Hauen which you shall leaue on the Larboorde To the Southward of it you may perceaue a towre on the mayne lande before which you must sayle and anker at 7. or 8. fatham Foure dutch leagues from Puente vedra lie the Islandes of Bayon which to such as come out of the sea shew like gray rockes or cliffes If you will go in at the North-side your course lieth in midde water betweene these Islandes and the mayne lande vntill the channell of Cannas or Cangas and Vigo be opened vnto you then go Eastwarde in The Hauen is fayre and large you may ride on both sides either before Vigo or Cangas and may likewise go farther in beyonde the South poynte to Rondello where both shippe and lading may be salfe in the Oase without cable or anker But if you will sayle in by the south Island of Bayone your course lieth in the middest of the channell between the sayd Island and the mayne land vntill you are cleare of the poynt of Bayon Then set towards the East poynt of Boyon wherevpon standeth a castle afterwards turne southwarde behinde the Castle to the cittie where you may anker at 6. or 7. fatham You may also crosse ouer thence to Vigo betwixt the poynte and the Islande or Rocke that lieth in the other side of the hauen at 3. or 4. fatham But if you will sayle from the southermost Islande to Vigo or Cangas holde on two leagues Northeast vntill you may see thorough between the mayne and the North Island and that the cittie of Cangas appeare without the corner which is on the North side of the hauen Then ariseth a low point on the starboord side holde on in the middest of the channell between the sayd point the North land where you may anker in what place you please both on the Southside before Vigo and on the North side before Cangas in 12. or 13. fatham These countries and portes yeld great aboundance of Orenges Chestnuts and very small wines And thither is carried great quantitie of Corne to the great benefit and behoofe of many Marchaunts and Marriners A DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF Galicia beginning from Cap de finisterre Vnto Camino Dōne According Vnto the true Situation appearing Thereof * 1588 * A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COSTES OF THE NORTH PART of Portugale viz. from Viana to cape de Montego ABout three dutch leagues to the Southward of Bayone standeth a monastery vpon the strand Fiue Dutch leagues from hence is the riuer of Viana called Rio de Lymas at the entry wherof lyeth a notable ledge of rocks That you may goe cleare of the same hold on still Southward vntill the two fire or watch Towers which stand vpon South-land be brought in one For by these markes you may hale along the shoare in 4. or 5. fatham vntill the two houses and the little steeple which you see vpon the Northside of the land be brought together Then hold on so alongest the shoare on the East side of the rocke whereon standeth a mast vntil the riuer lie open before you Then saile inwards on the South side of the second rocke whereon also standeth a maste Then crossing vp Northward to Viana anker at 7. or 8. fatham In the very entrie lieth a barre whereon is two fatham water Fiue Dutch leagues South of Viana standeth Villa del Conde and at the entrie of that hauen are many rockes rounde about which you may safely passe in 5. or 6. fatham depth Farther inward lieth a barre or a shoald thwarting all the mouth of the hauen and hath 2. fatham water the deepest place in all the hauen is not aboue 3. or 4. fatham but the best depth is to the Southward It is a bard hauen and in the North part full of rockes and sandes Three leagues Southward of Villa del Conde lie the great high rockes of Lesons halfe a league to the Northward of the riuer of Port de Port called Rio Duero betwixt which rockes and the mayne you may saile in on both sides and there ride at 6. or 7. fatham for the ground is very good for ankering There lieth a rocke vnder water halfe a league Southwest of the west corner of the said rocks The porte of Metellyn lieth within the foresaid high rockes being a bard hauen of 2. fatham A league Southward of Lesons rockes lieth the Riuer Port de Port. into which you must hale on the Northside keeping all the rockes Northward of the riuer and saile along the South shoare East and by North vntill you are cleare of the rocke whereon standeth a crosse then fare you forward in the middest of the riuer to the citie Port de port Inwardes it is 10. or 12. fatham but the entrie is onely 3. or 4. fatham deepe at halfe floud You may enter likewise on the South side along the shoare where at high water there is 3. fatham From Port de port to Aueiro is 8. leagues all the coast alongst the shoare is downes About the mouth of Aueiro are ragged downes and may hale along the strand at 10. or 12. fatham when the high blacke hill within the land beareth East and by South from you then are you in the entrie and right before Aueiro riuer when you are come in 6. or 7. fatham water you shall see three mastes standing vpon the shoare which you must keepe togither bearing inwardes East and by South and East South east vntill you come neare the shoare where these mastes stand by the sand bancks Then set Northward and holding on neare the North shoare leaue all the flattes on the starreboord vntill you haue the riuer open before you Then turne in againe East South east vp to Aueiro in the middest of the channell betwene both the coasts At the entrance vpon the shoald at halfe floud you haue but 2. fatham vntill you are within it where you haue 5. or 6. fatham depth Fiue Dutch leagues Southward of Aueiro beareth the Cape de Montego and a eague to the Southward of that Cape lieth the bard hauen Pisage halfe a league to the westward from thence in the sea lieth a bancke conteining 6. fatham water vnder which you may ride at 12. or 13. fatham Vnder the Burlynges which are pourtraied in the next Table you may cast anker at 10. fatham right against the Hermitage where you haue very faire ground These countries yeeld store of wines Oringes Oyle and Oliues and much good Salte is carried from Aueiro But the citie of port de port is the chiefest Towne of traffique in all these
of the Abbey and so may you enter or goe forth But when Chipiona beareth South Southwest from you and the castell and tower are one then are you neare the first blinde rocke or shoalde The markes of the rocke that lieth in the entrance of S. Lucars channell are when the windmill and the white Frierie are brought togither on the East-side of S. Lucar for then should you by sayling forwardes strike vpon the rocke wherefore keepe the windmill fiue foote distant Northward of the Abbey and then shall you enter in the best of the channell which at halfe tide is 4. fatham deepe within it is wide and broade anker there at 10. or 12. fatham before the little Church which standeth on the North shoare Calis-malis lyeth South-east from Chipiona 7. leagues there haue you the entrie wide broad You may sayle in about two cables length of the Puercos which lie about half a league from the North corner of Calis About a great halfe league North-east and by North from thence lieth a rocke vnder water called the Diamant then appeareth S. Maryes little Church betweene two great highe hilles If you will go farther in then Calis hold on South-east beyond Puntall where is good harborough for all winds Calis bay is wide and broad and of 15. or 16. fatham depth A North-west winde beateth full vpon it From Calis to the straight of Gibraltar you haue eight leagues and three leagues thence to the hauen or roade of Gibraltar which is a very fayre bay and is able to conteyne many ships About the poynt of Tariffa or the streight halfe a league from lande lyeth a shoalde no deeper then 1½ fatham which you must bee heedefull to auoyde These countries bring foorth all kindes of the best wines fruites and other Marchandises as Seckes Bastarde and Romany Figges Reasins Oyle Oliues Pomegranets Cytherons or Orenges Sugar Skinnes of India and great plentie of the best Salt THE SEA COASTES of Andaluzia made according vnto the right situation thereof eauen as they appeare open with their Riuers and hauens A DECLARATION OF THE SEA CHART FROM THE FARTHEST part of England to Plimouth IF comming out of the East you are bound with the Sorlinges shape your course in by the Easterne shore at 8. or 9. fatham There is a Bulwarke or sconce before the castell And thence off a little waye lieth a rocke vnder water you may sayle betwixt it and the Bulwarke On the west side of the hauen are two rockes keepe them in one and goe neare the North shoare so shall you safely sayle without the poynt in 10. fatham but take heede you come no nearer To go cleare of the rocke that lieth in the entrance set the northerne rocke northward of the other rocke so much as you may see thorough them and then are you on the North-side of the rocke that lieth in the entrie And when you are past the rockes that are aboue water turne Northward neare the castell and anker at 8. or 9. fatham If you wil go from the Lysarde to Monsbay hold on west North-west vntill you see the castell in Monsbay vpon a high round rocke Then beare into the Bay right on the west side of the castell vntill you discerne a litle Island nigh the west coast wherevpon are two sharpe steeples like vnto watch-towers or beakons And goe so into the Bay nigh to that Island or rocke for there alongest it is cleare leauing the castell a good way on your starrebord side by reason of the rockes adioyning VVhen you are past the Island you shall see a great sandy bay where you may anker in 7. or 8. fatham But the best of the roade agaynst a South South South-east winde is at 6. or 7. fathā If you will sayle to Fallmouth hale inwardes alongest the Easterne shoare two cables off that you may be cleare of the blinde rocke that lieth in the entrie Beyond the hauen standes a high wood which you must keepe beyond the Northerne poynt of the west land By that wood are two chalky marks which you must likewise keepe aboue the sayd poynt then beare towards the middest of the high west land where you may anker at 15. fatham at the northerne poynt of the high land But if you will runne farther in plie Eastward towardes the Bay and when you are cleare of the shoald which reacheth downe from the Easterne tower inwards towardes the middest along the hauen there anker within the bancke neare the East land at 8. or 10. fatham Foy standeth also in a great Bay beeing a bard hauen where on each side standes a tower Beare in betweene both shoares But on the west-side the water is broader betweene the stakes and the tower which standeth on the west coast But if you will hale in along the west shoare within the stakes bearing a little off from the land holde about the middest of the channell but nearer to the westward vntill you come before the towne where at full sea you haue depth enough Here is no great trade or traffique but for broad cloathes kersies and Tinne The greatest part of the inhabitantes liue vpon grasing shipping THE SEA COASTES of England from the Sorlinges by the landes end to Plymouth with the hauens and harbrowghes A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF ENGLAND betweene Plimouth and Portland IF you will sayle into the Sounde of Plimouth and goe cleare of the Rocke beare alongst hard by the East-side of the Island wher it is 5. fatham deepe at high water vntill you see the Churche of Lyme-house on the west-side of the valley for then are you cleere of the rocke behinde that Island and vpon the maine lande of Plimouth standeth a wall which if you doo heedefully marke and Lyme-house Churche appeare on the North head of the aforesayd valley then shall you runne right vpon the Rocke where you haue but 3. fatham at low water yet behinde the Island you may anker in .12 or 13. fatham But if you will forwards into the west harborough set westward between the Island the mayne land vntill you haue opened the west harborough hauen then holde on in the middest of the channell between both landes vntill you are within the west poynt where you may cast anker at 9. or 10. fatham VVhen you will sayle from the Cape called Ramhead into Catvvater then plie towards Plimouth point vntill Catvvater lie open before you leaue the greater parte of the water on your starborde side and so sayle into the middest of the channell where you may anker right against the northland in 4. or 5. fatham at a dead low water And you may anker also on the side of the entrie vnder the Cape of Ramhead Northward thereof by the shoare in 10. fatham water for there is cleare grounde If your course lieth to Dartmouth you shal diserne a red point on the East-side of the Hauen and a blacke point at the waters side In the
from Farder And from thence shape your course to Anslo Copervvicke and Soen vvater and so forwardes thorough the rockes called Lammeren to Braekenes which is a shallow riuer towardes the sides where most part of the firre borde and timber is sawed Rogh point lieth foure leagues North northeast from Farder the rockes called the Sisters are 3. leagues Northeast and by North from Farder The Isle of Akersounde is distant from thence 5. leagues to the Northeast In these partes lie the hauens of the Northeast countrie where now a dayes is the chiefest taking of herringes which was woont to be in Malstrande From all these hauens come deale bordes great and little mastes rayles rafters timber to make hoopes fire woode and such like stuffe fit for building The Sea Coastes of Norway And of the land of North-East as they shewe and appeare betweene Mardou and Akersond according unto their right situation AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE NORTHEAST COVNTRIES where Malstrande is the cheefest Porte IF you will saile from the cape called Schagen or Scaw to Masterlande shape your course East north east till you may discouer an high round rocke or hill called Bretto towards which you must beare East North east till the rockes called the Pater nosters be in sight which you shall leaue on your larbord And when you shal be nigh the shoare the entrie of Masterland will be open before you on your South side liyng Eastward and East south eastwardes And leaue the Island wherin standeth a beakon or warlocke on your starbord But when you come to the poynt then the citie lieth open before you make fast a Cable to the Kay and cast Anker to the Seawards You may sayle out agayne Southward into the mayne two or three wayes If you will beare in with Calfsounde enter harde aborde the great Rocke wheron standeth a high warlocke you may by holding on the same course sayle into Coyhell and Bahuys you may also set forwardes to the Riuer of Nilues called VVinder between the Rockes wher on the East side you haue the mayne and the channell lieth open before you Right before the Riuer lieth a ragged Island which you must leaue on the Larborde You may anker vnder the same in 15. or 16. fatham the hauen is called Reefsounde Two leagues Eastward of Reefsounde lieth the Island Malesounde which you may sayle rounde about Consbaeke lieth from thence two leagues to the East north eastward Monstersounde standeth also on the East-side of the hauen and from thence VVaersberghe lieth 3. leagues to the Southward If you will sayle to vvaersberghe bringe the Castle which standeth in the mayne lande South of you and holde on thorough the middest of the channell between the Island and the Easterne shoare but edge nearer the island because of the rocke vnderwater that stretcheth out from the eastern poynt There is also a blinde Rocke at the poynte of the Island when you are cleare thereof you may borrow of the Northern shore and there come to anker for it is broade and 4. or 5. fatham deepe Parte of these Coastes doo belonge to the gouernement of the Kynge of Svvedeland and parte to the Kynge of Denmarke Their traffique is all sortes of Tallow and such grosse wares Skines Hides Barly and great stoare of Filberd-nuttes A MOST PERFECT description of the Sea coastes of the North East land parte of Norway part of Swedeland as it lieth betwene Distelbergh and Waersbergh A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE PRINCIPALL PART OF DENmarke where standeth the famous citie of Capen-hauen the cheefest place of the kings residence NOrth-east and by North of Coll lieth an Island called Swedero which is like an hauen on the inside but it is open on the North-side If you cannot goe cleare of Coll beare boldly with the sayd Island hold on streight within the great rock neere the church where you may anker in 10. fatham and ride safely From Anholte set South southeast towardes Zealande And if by reason that the winde hangeth Easterly you cannot get into the Sound hale alongst the coast of Zealand on the backside of Haselin where is good ground in euery place for ankering There is also a great bay which is a good harborough ouer-right alongst the coasts of Zealand for a Northeast winde where is 5. or 6. fatham water To saile into the Sound hold Southeasterly in from Coll but bring not the Isle of VVeen open of Elsenoers castell till you are cleare of Svvynebode Then may you passe by Lappesande thorough the middest of the channell and being past the castell anker where you list Towardes VVeen are certaine places where is good riding in 7. fatham water but it lieth farre from the shoare If you saile from the Sound to Coppen hauen being come to the ende of the wood you may sound the whole channell as you go vpon 5. or 6. fatham and not faile to find the Buy but keep still in 5. fatham when the tower of Coppen hauen is Southwest from you then are you come neare the first Buy where you haue 7. fatham on the East side holde on from the Northerne Buy to the other South by East borrow of the westerne coast if the wind hang westerly in 6. or 7. fatham where you haue also 9. or 10. fatham water Set Southward frō the second to the third Buy for there haue you 10. or 11. fatham then are you right against Southolme where it is shallower and narower from thence continue your course south to the Buy of Casperkine where is 7. fatham water The Fissher lieth from the Buy in Casperkine East and by North the west side thereof is very shallow Your course from Casperkine to the shoald or sand called Drakerriff is South where a Buy lieth in 5. fatham water but from Drakerriff to Steden South and by westward and then haue you sometimes deeper sounding But when you are betwixt Steden and Falsterborne and the flat broad tower of Falsterborne be one with the castell then are you at the poynt of the Riffe or bancke where lieth a Buy in 4. fatham depth and there beginneth the Easterne sea called the Belt and may shape your course thence Easterly towardes Brontholme If you will backe againe from Steden towardes Draker when you come neare Drakerriff if the tower of Coppen hauen appeare on the East side of Draker wood bring Draker North and by west off you so shal you go cleare of the Riff And when the tower of Coppen hauen is to sight a ships length Eastward from the wood you are thwart of Drakerriff Buy where you haue 5. fatham water Your course from Drakerriff to the Buy in Casperkine is almost plaine North where it is about 6. or 7. fatham deepe and there the channell is narrower But from Casperkine to the other three Buyes set North and north and by west where you haue 10. 9. 8. or 7. fathā water when Coppen hauen is Southwest then are you come
little hauen called Quirins which on the west side is full of rockes but on the East side faire and good to enter at Three leagues from Quirin lieth the Cape of Ortegall where also standeth a Castle neere which you haue safe roade for a west and a Southwest wind This countrey yeeldeth great plentie of the best wynes of Ribadeos aswell red as claret and likewise aboundance of Orenges Apples Peares Chessenuttes and other fruites all which are both comfortable and wholsome for mans body THE SEA COASTES of Gallicia from Cape of Auiles vnto Ortegal A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF CORVNNA CALLED THE GROYNE FEROLES and Monsej the cheefest portes of Gallicia THe hauen of Siguera beareth three dutche leagues South westward from Ortegall it stretcheth inward South east and is a good Porte the Southside thereof hath a low point and is good but the Northside is all rockie and fowle gound You must anker before you come to the village of Siguera Foure dutche leagues westwarde from thence lieth Cape de Prior which reacheth out into the sea Two dutch leagues farther southward you haue the hauen of Feroles vpon the northside therof are 2. or 3. sandie Bayes of which the most Southerly is the greatest whervpon do stande a house or two when you are come nigh the house then appeareth vnto you somewhat Southerly the hauen of Feroles where you may sayle in at the middest of the water and beynge cleare of the North corner geuynge it a little bieth anker in the Channell at 12. fatham for before the village it self it is flat and rockie The south poynt of Feroles stretcheth far outward and is full of rockes you may set out from Feroles to Corunna South and South and by East vntill you be somwhat within the towre which standeth vpon a round Hill or Cliffe Then shall you see on the starborde side a litle Island wherein standeth a litle Church called S. Blase hale alonge a Cables length of it and anker before the towne at 6. or 7. fatham If you will runne into the Channell of Coruna from the Island Cyzarga called by the Fleminges Caesarea you must shape your course East south east about 5. leagues vntill you are within sight of the towre which standeth on the west coast of the lande for then shall you keepe 4. or 5. Cables length of the shore and may holde on your course in the Chanel right South east 4. or 5. leagues and beinge past Corunna may cast anker at Fontenne or Pytance on the west side vnder a rew of Rockes at 10. or 12. fatham water And ouer agaynst Corunna East north east standeth a cittie called Puente de Mas where you may also anker at 10. or 12. fatham There haue you likewise on the northside a rew of Rockes and ouer the Riuer a great Bridge There lieth an Hauen called Queres South south west and South and by west of the Island Cyzarga whose entrie is fayre after you are entred you must turne in westward a great half league and may anker there at 8. or 9. fatham in the channell Seuen dutch leagues westward of Cyzarga lieth the east poynt of Monsei or C. de Bellem neare which you may sayle to Monsei South south east and Southeast and by south If you wil come in thither from the west keepe the cape of Corrian called the Groyne without Cape de conde two ships lengths vntil you may see Marikerke which stands on the westside cleare without Monsei poynt Continue your course towardes Marykerke through the channel south east and anker behinde the Rokes before the towne at 8. or 9. fatham Yet shall you not saile into Monsei before Marykerke be seene without the poynt of Monsei There you may likewise anker on the Northside of the hauen at 6. or 7. fatham On the Southside of the towne of Monsei there is a Bay before which lieth a shoald East north east about two cables length thwart the hauen Marykerke lieth from Monsei North and by East but it lieth East North east from the Shingles VVhen you come from Sea if Marykerke be from you South east you may enter at the west side of the rockes the rocks lie from Monsei South west and by south but the inner end of the rockes beareth South and by west The Cape de Finisterre and Monte Lauro lie from eache other South east and North west and the Rockes betwixt them beare South south east There is a Bay betweene the Capes of Finisterre and Corrian where eastward of the great Rocke you may anker before the sandie Bay at 6. or 7. fatham A litle dutch league to the Eastward of Finisterre beareth the hauen of Corcouia which the Fleminges call Corco baiona It stretcheth inwards to the North where you may cast anker in the channel at the sandy Bay in 8. or 9. Fatham These Coastes or Portes do yelde like Marchandises and Fruites as the aforesayd coastes of Riba deos c. They take besides at certaine seasons euery yeare a wonderfull great quantitie of whales to their great profit and commoditie The mappe ' of the sea coastes of Galicia and of Octugall Vntill you bee paste the Cape of Finisterre Euen as it is scituated and as it appeereth When you comme sailinge alongst Out of the Spannishe Sea A TRVE DECLARATION OF THE SEA COASTES OF GALLITIA FROM the Cape de Finisterre beyonde Camino IF you will sayle into Muros or Moores set Montelauro called Mounteluer Northeast and by East from you holde then on towardes Montelauro and you shall go cleare of the Rockes that he on both sides but borow most of the south side because that is the salfest But when you come neare Montelauro you shall see many high Rockes which you must leaue on the larebord side three cables length and so go in South south east of Montelauro you haue a blinde Rocke in the middest of the Channell which you must leaue on the starbord side But when the Towne that lieth in Northwards of Montelauro cometh full open vnto you then are you past this blinde Rocke which lieth South and by East somwhat more Easterly of the East ende of the towne You must shunne the first poynt within Montelauro two Cables length of and hauyng past the other poynt beare in Northwardes to the towne which is on the starbord side The citie Muros standeth on the west side of the hauen where you may anker at .12 or .13 fatham But if you will enter the Riuer of Roxo you must set Southwarde without the cape of Muros for there are many rockes stretching out into the sea on the Northside of the hauen of Roxo which you cannot saile between VVherefore holde on till you be south of the great rocke and hauing left all the rockes on your Larebordside or to the seawards continue your course between the firme lande and the rocke vntill you may see the hauen open before you Then must you passe vp in the middest of
Red poynt lieth a great white rocke when you haue brought this rocke right ouer the Black poynt you are harde abourde the Blinde rocke that lieth thwart the Channell of Dartmouth yet neerer to the East-ward But when you come to discerne the Kay of the towne that standeth on the East-side of the Hauen keepe amidst the channell vntill you may perfectly see the same then hale inwardes vntill you are within the two Castles standyng on the hauens side and you shall go cleere of the Rocke The hauen is wide within you may turne westward and let fal anker before the towne or the Brew-houses where you list Three leagues East-ward from thence is the road of Torbay which is very salfe for a South-west winde you may likewise anker on the East-side of the start where is good anker holde in 8. or 9. fathā Foure leagues to the Northward of Torbay lyeth the bay of Tynmouth a salfe harborough for a South winde where is also good ground for ankering in 7. or 8. fatham If you come out of the west into Portland road holde on two cables length off alongst Porteland shoare and hauing past the poynt turne westwardes till you come to the castell where is good road against a South and South and by East winde at 7. or 8. fatham Northwarde of Portland lieth a litle bard hauen called VVeymouth where you may anker at 4. or 5. fatham If you will ride vnder S. Aldomes Land shun the Needles of Shipmans poole and so saile into the town which at a low water you haue ankeryng at 3. fatham These Portes yeeld almost nothing els but wooll and clothe the inhabitantes doe liue chiefly vpon grazyng A DESCRIPTION OF THE Sea coastes of England Betweene Plymmouth Portland with the cheefest hauens thereof according vnto theire Situation A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETVVEENE THE Isle of Wight and Douer TO goe in at the west end of Wight you must looke well to the tide for the flood sets very sore vpon the Needles and the ebbe likewise westwarde vpon the Shingels and Chalkie Rockes which lie westwardes of the Needles and it is very narrow between the Needles and the Shingels wherfore saile directly with the Needles very neere them and keepe the inner poynt of the Isle right without the Needles And when you are so come within the Needles beare somewhat off the Island between the Chesell the Isles poynte because of the Rockes called the VVardens which lie on VVight-side neare the shore then turninge Eastward ouer against Calshorte you must cast anker in 7. or 8. fatham But if you will enter at the East ende of VVight keepe the Castle right against the Lime-kil that lies aboue Portesmouth vntil that Culuer cliffe come within the point of the I le for then shall you haue brought the Lyme-kill to the east end of Portesmouth which you must so holde vntill the Castle which standeth to the westward of Portesmouth doo appeare on the East side of the wood and then plie sometimes towards Sainct Helens Abbey keepyng your markes in this sorte you shall take no hurt on the Shoaldes or Sandes But if you cannot see the Limekill then shall you keepe the Castle on the west-side of Culuer cliffe vntill you haue brought S. Helens church with out the poynt of the Island a shippes length Then may you freely sayle Northwest vp without any daunger of the Riffe or tayle-sand that lieth out Then keepe the square Towre between the East ende of Portesmouth and the Castle vntill you may see the Castle which standeth on the west-side of Portesmouth Eastward of the wood and so may you goe inwardes The marks of these Shoalds and Flats are these viz. The Castle standinge Eastwards of Portesmouth and the square towre wherof I haue now treated VVhen you haue brought the Lymekill so much to the Eastward of the Castle that you may but see betwixt thē then are you vpon a litle shoald which at low water hath 5. fatham and a halfe and then haue you the Castle that standeth on the west ende of Portesmouth at the west corner of the wood But when the square towre that standeth by East of Portesmouth is brought westward of the Castle then the Castle by west of Portesmouth standeth at the woods west ende You haue there at high water 6. fatham And when the square towre is seen betwen the East end of Portsmouth and the Castle and the Castle standeth right betwixt the Limekill and the towre likewise when the Castle on the west end of Portesmouth standeth to the Eastwarde of the wood then haue you 11. fatham at high water But when the Limekill and Portesmouth towre are one the castle beareth westward of the wood then haue you 10. fatham at high water and lastly when S. Helen lieth south west and by west from you then the South east ende of the shoald beareth North east and by north from you Three leagues Eastward of VVeenbridge lieth Arundel which is a bard hauen at half flood .2 fatham deepe you must go in by the west coast and let fall your anker before the towne in .5 fatham Foure leagues from Arundell standeth Nevv Shoram The East side therof hath a grauelly Chesell where alongest you may sayle in and in the entrie you haue .3 fathā water at half flood in the midst before the hauen lie rockes vnder water The entrie on the west side is wide and broad and is at halfe flood 2. fatham deepe the hauen is large and broade within where you may anker in 4. or 5. fatham If you will sayle into the Cammer of Rye shape your course alongst the Shingels and when you shal be a Cables length of the poynt of the Shingels turne vp towards the Castle of VVinchelzey leauing all the shore or shoald markes on your starbord then let fall your Anker in the Riuer of Rie called the Rother at 4. or 5. fatham for the Cammer where in times past we were wonte to lie is now fowle full of shoaldes These countries yeeld litle else but wooll Clothe and Fier-wood which are transported from thence THE SEA COASTES OF ENGLAND betweene the I le of Wight Douer with the principal hauens thereof according to their situation and Appearing * HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE THE SECOND PART OF THE MARINERS MIRROVR conteining in diuers perfect plots sea charts boeth the Northern and Eastern NAVIGATION VIZ. From the Streights between Douer and Callis the coastes of England Scotland Norway Emdenyutland A with all the sounds of Denmark the Baltick sea unto Wiburgh and the Name With their particular descriptions trafiks and commodities A PERFECT DESCRIPTION AND POVRTRAICT OF THE CHIEFEST PART OF England viz. of Thames the riuer of London and of all the sandes bankes flattes and shoaldes vnto Harwich IF you come from the West and will passe within the Goodwin to the foreland first shape your course North north-east
HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE THE MARINERS MIRROVR Wherin may playnly be seen the courses heights distances depths soundings flouds and ebs risings of lands rocks sands and shoalds with the marks for thentrings of the Harbouroughs Havens and Ports of the greatest part of Europe their seueral traficks and commodities Together w th the Rules and instrumeÌ„ts of NAVIGATION First made set fourth in diuers exact Sea Charts by that famous Nauigator DVKE WAGENAR of Enchuisen And now fitted with necessarie additions for the use of Englishmen by ANTHONY ASHLEY Heerin also may be understood the exploits lately atchiued by the right Honorable the L. ADMIRAL of Englisâ— with his Ma.ties Nauiâ—â—â—â—… and some former seruices don by that worthy Knight Sr. FRA. DRAKE HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENES CASSIS TVTISSIMA VIRTVS QVAE NATVRA POTEST HATTONO CONTVLIT VNI ET FORT VNA DEDIT QVAEDARE CVNCTA POTEST CERTATIM VIRTVS CVMVLVM SVPERADDIDIT ISTIS ANGLICA DIVA TAMEN PLVS TRIBVS VNA DEDIT ECQVID HABENT TANTAM SATVRNIA SECVLA DIVAM ECQVID HABENT TALEM TEMPORA NOSTRA VIRVM TO THE RIGHT HONORABLE SIR CHRISTOPHER HATTON KNIGHT LORD CHAVNCELOR OF ENGland Knight of the noble order of the Garter and most worthy Chaunceler of the Vniuersitie of Oxford my singuler good Lord. RIGHT Honorable I was longe in a strange debate with my selfe whether it were best for me to write some thing in excuse of this slacke performance of my promise made vnto your Lordship now more then a yeare past for the speedie translation of VVageners two bookes of Nauigation or simplie to present it vnto your L. leauing all excuse apart as that negligent seruant of Athens in Plutarch who in a cloudie day being sent home in hast for his maisters cloake went therwith directly to Rome from whence about a yeare after returning and watching when his maister was abroad in a great shower came running as though he had been but then sent cast the cloake on his maisters backe saying Sat citò si satis oportunè Though this might somwhat fit my purpose was verie well taken for the time as a sufficient satisfaction for the offence committed yet in my conceite it can not be thought but a very vndutifull and reprouable part And therefore I choose rather as in duetie it becometh humblie to beseech your L. pardon then to borrow any shift or colour to shadow my default with assured hope notwithstanding that as I was willyng to commit the errour in taking vppon me a matter so far beyonde my reache So your L. wil be pleased to giue eare vnto such honest reasons as may make way for mine excuse in your L. graue iudgement I must then plainly and simplie confesse that I no sooner vnder-took this woork then mistook it not considering what perfect knowledge proper termes and peculier phrases are necessarilie and inseperablie incident to the true interpretation of any Mechanicall science much more to this notable art of Hidrographie or Nauigation the want whereof did driue me to reade many bookes and to confer with such as either for their knowledge or experience could any wayes further mine intent But as it chaunceth to busie Builders desirous to excell the Modell not forecasting such accidents as might interrupt my purpose I was likewise much deceaued euen in the estimate of my labour time and charge of the compassyng of my dessein For by reason of my dayly attendance on your L. and the rest of my Lordes of her Maiesties most Honorable priuie counsell I was forced to take such time for this worke as I could by stealth both for the translation it self and for the ouer-seeyng of the negligent grauers besides many other my particuler and priuate lets Howbeit I may assure that except som errours in the printing there is herein performed the part of a faithfull interpretour and be it spoken without preiudice to the Aucthour by the aduise of the best experienced haue in many places amended and bettered him Besides the fit application of the Tables to the English stile and Calculation explaned with diuers familier examples Moreouer in most of the Plots the Sea is purposly left in blanc because the Traueiler finding perchance some poynt of the Compasse risings of Lands Depths Soundings or ought els mistaken or some Rock Sand or other danger left out or not rightly expressed for nothing so perfect but hath his fault may as he traueileth set downe and correct the same with his owne hand as it shall best like himselfe which doubtles wil be no smale furtherance and contentment euen to the best Docters in this science In this translation I haue indeuored by all meanes which in this and all other arts ought to be vsed to imitate the plainest stile and common manner of speeche as easiest to be vnderstood of all sorts of men But concerning the goodly science of Hidrographie how worthie of all praise it is both in it self and in respect of the fruits thereof as it hath heretofore appeared by Histories of time and testimonies of men so of late hath it shined most brightlie since our most famous traueilours to their endlesse renowne and honour of their countrie haue aduentured the discouerie of diuers vnknown coasts and by the singuler assistance of the Almightie God haue compassed the Globe of the whole earth wherby no doubt many excellent wits haue by their manifold experiences obseruations contriued one perfect art in so much as me thincketh there is ministred very great reason to prefer it before all other arts or sciences whatsoeuer For to omit those commen commendations wherewith Gorgias and Protagoras weare wont to garnish all artes pleasant for knowledge profitable for practise necessarie for life this hauing an excellent aboundance of all these with many other rare and peculier vertues all redounding by the vse and practise thereof to the publick benefit of the whole body of the common wealth and eache particuler member in the same hath been not only as an EliphaÌ„t ten yeres in breeding but euen as much time as the world hath yet stood to come to perfection The first inuention wherof furthered with the artificial aid of many a hidden strange and almost supernatural deuise since added to the same by the most studious trauillour and industrious Mathematician He that would throughly consider should find matter rather myraculous to wonder at then to be thought compassable within the reach of mans Capacitie yea he may in this as in a mirrour behold the inestimable bountie and infinite goodnesse of God who of his vnspeakable loue towards man kinde which in his secreat wisedome he had determined for the maintenance and releef of humane societie hath from aboue powred this excellent skill and knowledge into the mindes of men onelie thereby to haue his wonderfull workes knowne his praises published and his holie name from one nation to another glorified But what do I seeme to enter into the perticuler
these particuler maps why in some coasts riuers and other Inland waters the townes towres rockes and other markes or signes do seeme on one side to stand vpright and on the other side cleane contrarie The gentle Reader shall vnderstand that in the particuler Chartes I haue treated little thereof as a matter not incident to the treatie of Nauigation But forasmuch as Pilots Shipmasters Mariners and many others whom it specially concerneth which set out daylie to the seas haue hitherto continually vsed as yet do alwaies vse the like charts so that with the least alteration therof they may often put in daunger their ship goods I thought it not requisite by and by to change the same although I know and haue prooued for certaintie that it will seeme very absurde and against reason to all cunning skilfull men whom I earnestly desire for that cause to haue me excused least by reason of the straungnes and such doubtfull alteration those which go to the sea should be brought to any doubt or confusion wherby many daungers and discommodities might ensue And let it not seeme straunge to any if peraduenture some of the sea coastes hauens countries c. appeare not so fully and plainely and shewe themselues as indeed they are and as they are pourtraied in our seuerall Chartes For albeit besides mine owne skill and experience I haue conferred and shewen whatsoeuer is contained in this booke to diuers Shipmasters and expert Pilots and haue corrected the same by their notes who according to their seuerall experience and iudgement haue praised and allowed all these seuerall Chartes which since that I haue published in the same forme yet because it is naturall for men to be deceaued for that diuers men haue not only diuers opinions but also euident faults perhaps many errors wil be found in this booke which a painfull and diligent Pilot will easely amend seing it is farre easier to correct that which is already inuented then to frame a new ⧠OF THE SPECIAL PROPERTIE OF THE SEA WHICH ASWEL IN times past as at this present maketh many to wonder NO man doubteth that the waues of the great Ocean and the force of the streame notwithstanding a contrary winde doe alwayes come from the North-west and flow very swiftly vpon all the sea coastes in the seas of our vsuall nauigation The waues are mounted on such an height and separated so farre asunder that when two shippes are parted by such waues each others mastes and toppes cannot be seene which happeneth commonly at a still water or calme weather And these waues are so farre distant that you cannot shoot from one ship to another with a Caliuer Moreouer in all the streicts or Leuant sea the waues alwaies driue and rise vp against the coastes creekes and shores and also the little streames and riuers notwithstanding a contrary wind alwaies roule vp against the shore a thing doubtlesse strange wonderfull But yet I thinke that no man hath hitherto as farre as I know certainly declared or defined the naturall cause of this motion VVherefore in few words I will declare my opinion hereof The cause of this motion may proceede without preiudice to other mens opinions from the North-west quarter because many tempests and stormes arise in the North and North-west countries by reason of the coldnes and intemperature of the ayre land and sea from whence blow such mighty and forcible windes driuing and beating the sea and the waues thereof with such might that no contrary wind can stoppe or resist the course or tossing thereof and that happeneth by reason of the continuall succession of the waues and surges which driue one another from a coast so farre off But some man may demaunde why it proceedeth not rather from the South-west where the sea is widest and largest who may bee thus aunswered That the sunne with his naturall heate doth so temper and moderate the winds surges and waues vnder the South Clymates that there cannot arise such great tempestes For it is seene and prooued by daily experience in the Indian Nauigation that the sunne being high in the South Clymates doth make the weather calme and the waters smooth Contrarywise the sunne being in the North and North-west hath no such force but yeeldeth lesser heate which may bee the cause why the waues are alwayes troublesome North-westward and come rouling about all the sea coastes of Europe But I beleeue that a shippe farre from the shore and vnder sayle in the middest of the Northwest sea perceaueth no such matter But when you draw neare or about Nevv-found land you shall doubtlesse finde againe that the flouds and narrow seas within the land are stirred vp and flow from the North-east And this gentle Reader is my opinion hereof submitting my selfe to the better censure of other men But the secretes of Almighty God the onely creator and gouernor of all thinges are so incomprehensible and insearcheable although we behold the heauens the ayre the land seas that we are altogether vnable in respect of his omnipotencie or rather vnworthy to iudge or set downe any certaintie thereof but so farre as our indeuour and the compasse of our humaine wit giuen vs of God can naturally conceaue and no farther The rest we most humbly referre to his diuine maiestie vntill we are chaunged from this miserable and wretched life ⧠AN EXHORTATION TO the Apprentises of the Art of Nauigation THe first and chiefest way to attayne to the perfect skill and science of Nauigation is whensoeuer any Shipmaster or Mariner shall set foorth from land out of any Riuer or Hauen diligently to marke what buildings Castles Towers Churches Hils Bals Downes VVindmils or other marks are standing on the land All which or many of them let him pourtray with his penne how they beare and how farre distaunt but vppon the true and certeine poynts of the Compasse vppon which hee first set sayle and shaped his course whilest yet euery marke on the land may bee clearely and euidently perceaued to the end the true arising thereof may be the better had Hee must also very often cast the Lead that he may most exactly note in his Compt-booke how farre off all the shoalds and sands lie from the shoare In like manner must he proceed that descrieth and arriueth towards any other countrey to wit assoone as the arising and shew of the land be it high or low with the beakons and other markes may be plainely perceaued straightway must hee compare them all with those our Chartes and Tables And when the Coast is thus knowne eyther wholy or in parte then must hee warily and diligently indeuour to seeke out and finde the true depth and channell by certeine Marks Towers Churches Beakons c. which are found almost at euery port entrie cape or poynt and no lesse heedfully consider how his course lyeth inwardes and outwardes Any Mariner that will diligently and with vnderstanding practise these
at 12. of the clocke 45. minutes when she is two dayes olde at 1. a clocke 30. minutes A three dayes moone at 2. a clocke 15. min. and at foure dayes at 3. a clocke Then is she horned and hath runne the eight part of hir course But when she shall be halfe full or one quarter olde it shall flow still in those places till six a clocke morning and euening After this the tide shall be later euery day then other by three quarters of an houre Thus by this which hath bene sayd the iust time of the full sea may be accounted with ease in what place soeuer As euery 15. day one poynt of the cōpasse is giuen ouerplus to the ful moone the cause is that the compasse hath 32. pointes and the moone but 30. dayes VVherevpon in this table of Tydes you must begin your account agayne at the full or new moone the 15. day And when the moone is halfe a quarter olde being Northeast and Southwest it shall be high water at 3. in the morning and afternoone But on the quarter dayes an East and West moone at 6. a clocke morning and euening shall cause full sea For in this maner are the tides reckoned of Pilotes and all Mariners euery day A perfect Table to find out easily vpon each poynt of the Compasse what day of the Moones age and vvhat houre and minute of the day or night you shall haue full Sea or falling vvater in all places S and N Moone full Sea The Ebbe vpon the same point S. and by W. Moone full Sea The Ebbe vpon the same point 0 12 0 At all the Iles of Iutland Before the Eyder and Heuer Before Delfzyle and Embden Before Enchuysen Vik all the shoares of Flaunders Beachy shoare At the Foreland Within Harwich At Douer At Concalo S. Malo In the Condado At Hamton kaye From the Ness vnto Bollaine 0 12 45 Before the Cammer of Rye Before Flisshing From the Ness vnto Wolforts land From Estaples vnto Bollayne 1 12 45 1 1 30 2 1 30 2 2 15 3 2 15  3 3 0   4 3 0 4 3 45 5 3 45 5 4 30 6 4 30 6 5 15 7 5 15 7 6 0 8 6 0 8 6 45 9 6 45 9 7 30 10 7 30 10 8 15 11 8 15 11 9 0 12 9 0 12 9 45 13 9 45  13 10 30 14 10 30 14 11 15 15 11 15 15 12 0 S.w. and N. E. Moone full Sea The Ebbe S.w. and by W. Moone full Sea The Ebbe 0 3 0 Betweene the Heads At Fontenay All the coastes of Spaine Gascoine Poictou and without the bankes of Flandres The South coastes of Britaine Before New Castell In Robbenhoods baye At Amstelredam Dordrecht Zierick sea and Rotterdam From Cape de la Hague vnto the I le and Ras of Alderney From Iarsey vnto the Caskets From Mylford vnto the Ramshead before Foye In the Ras of Portland 0 3 45 Before the Garonne or the Riuer of Bordeaux From Strusart vnto Deepe From Cape de Cleere to Lundye From the Lizard vnto the Start poynt 1 3 45 1 4 30 2 4 30 2 5 15  3 5 15 3 6 0 4 6 0 4 6 45 5 6 45 5 7 30  6 7 30 6 8 15 7 8 15  7 9 0 8 9 0 8 9 45 9 9 45 9 10 30 10 10 30 10 11 15 11 11 15  11 12 0 12 12 0 12 12 45 13 12 45 13 13 30 14 1 30 14 2 15 15 2 15 15 3 0 E. and W. Moone full Sea The Ebbe W. and by N. Moone full Sea The Ebbe 0 6 0 On the outside of the Sorlinges Before Hamborough At Lundye Before the Mars-deepe In the Bay before S. Poul Without Vshant Before Bordeaux At Blackney and Wels. At Hull within the riuer Before Antwerp From the Caskets to Dierliet From the lands end vnto the Lyzard 0 6 45 Before Falemouth At Plimmouth At Hartlepoole Before Scharborough From the I le of Bas vnto Marwanen alongst the shoare 1 6 45 1 7 30 2 7 30 2 8 15  3 8 15  3 9 0  4 9 0 4 9 45  5 9 45 5 10 30 6 10 30 6 11 15 7 11 15 7 12 0 8 12 0 8 12 45 9 12 45 9 1 30 10 1 30 10 2 15 11 2 15 11 3 0 12 3 0 12 3 45 13 2 45 13 4 30 14 4 30 14 5 15 15 5 15 15 6 0 N.w. and S.E. Moone full Sea The Ebbe N.w. and by N. Moone full Sea The Ebbe 0 0 0 In the Ras of Portland Before the Caskets Before Garnesey Before the Ems. Before the Vlie Before S. Helene Vpon the Flakes of the Wiering and Frysland From Yarmouth vnto Cromer within the bankes  0 9 45 Within the néedles of Wight Within the Goude  1 9 45 1 10 30 2 10 30 2 11 15  3 11 15 3 12 0 4 12 0 4 12 45 5 12 45 5 1 30 6 1 30 6 2 15 7 2 15 7 3 0 8 3 0 8 3 45 9 3 45  9 4 30 10 4 30 10 5 15 11 5 15 11 6 0 12 6 0 12 6 45 13 6 45 13 7 30 14 7 30 14 8 15 15 8 15 15 9 0 S. S.w Moone full Sea The Ebbe vpon the same point S.w. and by S. Moone full Sea The Ebbe vpon the same point 0 1 30 Before the Wieling Before the Mase In the Downes All alongst Beachy At Blackenesse On all the coastes of Zealand At Armuye Before Canfer or Teruer Vnder Holy land From Graueling to Woltersland 0 2 15 At Saint Lucas At Lisborne At Cales Malis Before the Condado Before S. Mathews A middes the Heads betwéene Douer and Calice From Dunckercke to Graueling From Cane to Estaples From Deepe to Cane From Bertram to the Caskets From Dartmouth to Excester 1 2 15 1 3 0 2 3 0  2 3 45 3 3 45 3 4 30 4 4 30 4 5 15  5 5 15 5 6 0 6 6 0 6 6 45 7 6 45 7 7 30 8 7 30 8 8 15 9 8 15  9 9 0 10 9 0 10 9 45  11 9 45 11 10 30 12 10 30 12 11 15 13 11 15 13 12 0 14 12 0 14 12 45 15 12 45 15 1 30 W.S.w. Moone full Sea The Ebbe W. and by S. Moone full Sea The Ebbe 0 4 30 In the Brefond and Vourd At Marie port At Calice within the Créeke On the West coast of Ireland At Obeurac In Moushole hauen Before the riuer of Humber From Oastend to saint Catherins From Dierliet to Strusart The Bresont out and in From Cape de Cleere to Saltees From Lundie to Milford From Wales into the chanell of Brustol From the Sorlings to the lands end From the Start to Portland 0 5 15 Within Falmouth Within Plimmouth Within Dartmouth At the Lezard Before S. Poul Within Garnsey In the Sea of VValles Before Lyn. From the I le of Base to Dorsey and the
N.E. and by E. From Derley to Cape de la Hague it falleth S.S.E. From Cape de la Hague to Aldernay N.E. In the Rasse of Blanquert it falleth N.E. From Dierley to the Caskets it falleth E. and w. From Garnsey to the Caskets it falleth a quarter of a tide East Southeast and the rest N.E. At the Sept Iles the flood falleth E. and by S. From the Sept Iles to S. Pol alongst the shoare E. by S. From S. Pol to the Fourne it falleth E. and by S. From the Fourne to S. Mathews poynct S. and by E. In the Bresont betweene Vshant and the Seames E.N.E. In the Ras of Fontenay the flood falleth thwart ouer the Rocke called the Emperesse and maketh a very great noyse and tumbling on the banke called the Calfe Furthermore vpon all the coastes of Poictou Gascoyne Biscay Gallicia Portugal and Spayne it falleth alwaies right of and on to and fro FOrasmuch as of late dayes many skilfull and experienced nauigators and shipmaisters haue most earnestly trauayled to finde out a sure and perfect way whereby with the help of some certayn signes or instruments aswell the Longitude of the place from East to West as the Altitude of the Pole betweene South and North might in sayling be secretly known yet haue brought nothing to light more then what long agoe was well knowne to our auncestors that is to say the vse of certaine instrumentes which in this thing are vncertayne though very good and perfect in that vse to the which they were first made and seeing that by them all there is not discouered any hidden way in the firmament by the which the Longitude of the place might certeinly be obserued and vsed I will not at this time make any mention thereof but deferre it till a fitter and more commodious time that I may then discouer to all men what I know therein Wherefore I would intreate all those that happily might finde this strange in a matter of such weight and importance not to be greeued thereat but paciently expect that which remaineth An exact description of the depths and soundings neere the diuers prouinces of our nauigation and first of Gascoigne Poictou and Brittayn WIthout Garumna the riuer of Bourdeaux there is 14. fatham depth but when you come within sight of Cordam tower but 30. fatham Ouer against the coast of Poictou 16. leagues without Oleron you haue 25. fath depth but comming neere the land of Poictou 8. leagues from the shoare you haue 35. fatham In the channell betweene Porthuis and Heys it is 30. fatham deepe and asmuch in the channell of Heys as also betweene Heys and Belile is the same depth VVithout the channell it is 35. fatham deepe but within are 25. fatham onely without Heys two Kenninges off there is found 45. fatham 22. Leagues Southwardes of Belile you haue 70. fatham but nyne leagues from the Northwest point of that Island towardes the Southwest is 60. fatham depth And ouer against the midst of Belile in 40. fatham depth you shall see land In your course betweene Belile and the Seems you may come no neere then 50. or 45. fatham If you sayle from Belile west and by North when you are against Gloyland you shall finde 60. fatham depth without and within the rocke which standes off Gloyland to the seawardes you haue 40. fatham water In 65. fatham depth without the west Penmarques you may saile Northwest and by west without the Seems but by night come no neerer then in 55. fatham for the ground is grosse and red sand full of round flints halfe a league west Southwest of the Seems is a ledge of rocks where you haue 7. fatham depth but betweene the Seems and the rocks there is 50. fatham water In the chanell betweene the Seems Heissand called Vshant you haue 55. fath depth the ground is grosse red sand mingled with little round stones red and black neere to Vshant there is 45. fatham but within it is of an vnequall and variable depth Southwestwardes almost six leagues off Vshant you haue 70. fatham and the ground is fine white sand mingled with litle white shelles and other small thinges like needles and then is Vshant East from you but if the sand be grosse and white mingled with great and white shels then is it Southeast to you But if you doubt of these grounds go Northerly if your sound be deeper then you are towardes the Seems if not so deepe then are you in the chanell almost North of Vshant Betweene vshant and Obeurac in the trade it is 60. fatham deepe betweene vshant and the Isles of Silly or sorlinges in the midst of the chanell there is 70. fatham depth If you sayle betweene the Seems and Vshant in 70. fatham water the ground will be of little blacke stones easie to be broken and of yellow earth or clay but if you finde red and hard sand goe Northward till you happen on white sand mingled with long strakes and then without doubt you sayle in the channell If setting from Cizarga you sayle N. northeastward in the Spanish seas towardes Vshant and finde your selfe in 80. fatham ye are 14. or 15. leagues off Vshant but comming neerer you shall haue 70. fatham water and be 10. leagues distant of Vshant But if you find the ground to be yellow shels little black stones then are you towards the Seems wherefore you must with the tide beare off northward to shunne Vshant vntill you finde white sand and thinges like needles for such are the groundes of the channell Betweene Vshant and the I le Base when you sayle at 4. fatham water you are 4. leagues off the shoare but by night come no neerer then 25. fatham when you are two leagues off Obcurac you shall finde 25. fatham depth but 8. leagues off the Sept Ilandes you haue 55. fatham A league without the rockes of Obeurac there is a blind or hidden rocke So that if you are to sayle vpon a boord betweene the Fourns and Obeurac come no neere that blinde rocke then 40. fatham but Eastwardes you may sayle in 30. or 25. fatham If a ship sayling west Southwest and Southwest and by west of the Isles of Sylly or Sorlinges at 80. fatham water be found by the crossestaffe or the Astrolabe to be vnder 49. degrees and 15. minutes of Altitude she is 26. leagues from land and must goe East and by North till she get 66. fatham water For then certeinly she is in the chanell betweene the Isles of Sylly and Vshant and then if she be bound for England she must sayle more Northward and betweene the lands end and the Lilard she shall haue 55. fatham depth A diligent description of the soundinges and groundes betweene Ireland England and Normandy THree leagues without the Iles of Dorsey vnder Ireland it is 45. fatham deepe In the chanell betweene Dorsey and Cape cleere is 42. or 43. fatham The chanell from Cape Cleere to the
OF ALDERNEY GARNZEY AND IERZEY AND THE QVASKETTES CALLED the Kaskets together with all the coasts rocks and shoalds lying thereabouts both within and without FEcam beareth westward from Deepe 7. leagues and is a bard hauen Beyond it lieth the point of Strusard from whence you may sayle to Seyne head S. S. W. Newhauen called Hable-neuf standeth inwarde from thence halfe a league where you may anker to stay for the tide and sayle vp the Seyne to Roane so that before the tide be vnbent you passe ouer the first traues or Drybancks and the way from Newhauen to Honfleur lieth S. E. But you must sayle along the south shoare because the north side of the riuer to Quillebeuf is ful of shoaldes and then are you thorow the first traues But you must be very heedfull of that strong spring of the Sea called the Barre or beare in which the tide setteth so violently and swiftly that a ship can scarse be kept vp with all her ankers and cables But all this reach is to be sounded Southwest of Seyne head lyeth a banke of three fatham and before the dike of Cadom called the Fosse of Caen there are bankes which you may sayle round abouts by the channell of Caen which is a bard hauen Six leagues or thereaboutes towardes the west standeth the Cape of Cherbourge where for a rough northwest winde is good harbour there lye sands ouerthwart the bay which at low water haue but two fatham depth Agaynst a north and northwest winde you may safely anker vnder Alderney by the little bard hauen in a sandy bay hard abourd the shoare where it is 7. or 8. fatham deepe If you will enter the race of Blancquerd you may runne in eyther in the midst of the channell or at your discretion betweene the cape of Haghe and Alderney for you may borow the north shoare alongst vpon 10. or 12. fatham vntill you are past the Sans which is a row or ledge of hidden rockes to be left on the starreboord there cast anker in the channell at 7. or 8. fatham and against the broad tower The race of Blanquerd reacheth inwardly south and by east and south south east But if you will sayle on the backside of the great Isle of Iersey you must crosse ouer and anker vnder the same where you please for in euery place thereaboutes is good ground And there is an other safe road for ships vnder the main of Sainct Malo called Conkall you may sayle into the same both by East and west before it lieth a ledge of rockes aboue water The bay is great and the harbour safe hauing at lowe water 4. or 5. fatham From this roade you may descrie the Isle of Ierzey right ouer against the same almost 5. dutch myles off But if by reason of a northwest tempest you are driuen to seeke safe ankering vnder Garnezcy or elswhere you must set for Garnezcy or the little Isle of Arme auoyding on the west side the great rockes of the Quasquettes called the Kaskets sayling south and by east vntil the castle which standeth in the sea be brought to the south poynt of Garnezcy Then saile betweene the greater and the lesser Island where you may anker by south or by north from the castle where you please in 7. or 8 fathams But if you will anker at the south side of the sayd Island beare aloofe to sea-ward from the outmost poynt of the land because all that shoare is full of rockes after you haue doubled that poynt you may anker at 12. or 14. fatham you may goe out againe Eastward betweene the Isles Arme and Sarke or seeke there for roade as you list Sarke standeth from the Cape of the Haghe or the trade of Alderney 6. dutch leagues south and by west Although these Islandes lye neere the coastes of Fraunce they are notwithstanding subiect to the Crowne and gouernement of England their trade is little or nothing at all and therefore vnknowne to vs. A CARDE of parte of the Sea Coastes of Normandie and Britānie with the Islands adioyninge A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEEN S. MALO AND BEYOND THE PORTE OF ROSCOVV IF you come from the Westerne sea and seeke harbour vnder Garnezey you must sayle in by the south shore of the lande and may Anker in the Channell at 20. or 25. Fatham neare to the sharpe tower or els where at your pleasure Ierzey standeth from Garnezey southeast almost 5. dutch leagues where is also safe roade for shippes S. Malo is distant from Ierzey 8. leagues towardes the south and is a bard hauen at the entrie whereof are rockes betweene which you must sayle into the riuer and cast anker before the citie at 5. or 6. fatham And there lyeth a bancke westward two or three dutch leagues from the towne vnder which there is safe roade in 5. fatham water There is also an Island called Brybac standing from thence three dutch leagues which you may sayle round about and cast Anker where you will And 2. leagues from thence there is a riuer called Lantrilliers which hath many rockes and shoaldes on the west side From thence stand the sept Isles distant two dutch leagues within which lieth white hauen called Port blanc of 6. or 7. fatham Those Islandes may be sayled round about There lieth a shoald called Octobers northwest from the west point of the sayd Island about a league and a halfe of the shoare Vlisshauen called Green Island is scituated a dutche league westwarde which may on both sides be entered and is a most safe hauen for all wether The Riuer of Morlays lieth fiue dutche leagues from the sept Isles and is a bard hauen you may anker amongst the rockes at 5. fatham in the Channell Two dutche leagues from that place standeth an Islande commonly called Taureau by which you may saile into the Riuer of S. Paul de Lyon which without is full of rockes but within them you may anker at 6. or 7. fatham There lieth an Isle called Ysle de bas 2. dutch leagues distante from thence you may sayle in on both sides of it to the Channell or Road of Roscou which containeth 7. or 8. fatham both on the east and west side Obcurac beareth from Roscou 5. leagues hauing many white sandy bayes alongest the shoare which are most certaine markes of that coast The Inhabitantes of these countries haue great entercourse and traffique with the Portugalles viz. of wheate Rie linnen Cloth and other lyke grosse marcchaundizes THE SHEWING OR APPEARING of the Sea coastes of Britaine euē as they open and shewe betwene S. Malo and Roscou A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF CONQVET BREST AND FONTENEAV THE WONDERFVL COASTES OF BRITANY A Dutch league Eastward of the Cape of Gobe called Les Fours or the Fourn there are many blacke rockes lieng alongst the coast which our sea-men call the Backouens and within the same are manie little white sandie bayes The land is also somewhat low and bewtified
inwardes South and by East after you are in you may turne vp Eastward where you haue 4. or 6. fatham water on the South-side of the hauen lieth an Island where standeth a light tower which you must set South and by East from you as you sayle in where it is 3. fatham deepe Machichaco a good hauen lyeth fiue leagues from Bilbao west south west and Southwest by west which from the west side stretcheth inwards Southest and by East in 8. or 9 fatham In the middest of the entry you shall finde a rocke which you must leaue on the Larbord side you may also sayle in at the East side of the rocke but there you haue but 3. fatham From the entrie the hauen is wide and broad and you may anker in any place of the channell at 8. or 9. fatham Castro beareth three leagues westward from Machichaco stretcheth inward westerly In the midst of the entry standeth a rock almost south-west which you may sayle round about in 6. or 7. fatham The streightnesse beareth vp Southerly you may turne in towardes the East and cast anker in the channell at 10. or 12. fatham These portes yeeld Rosin Chessenuttes Iron wooll Orenges Filbberdnuttes and steele which are their trades A CARDE OF THE SEA COASTES of Acason Biscay with their hauens and opening of their landes hills and Mountaynes * A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEENE Laredo and Sentillana LAredo beareth westward from Castro fiue Dutche leagues To enter the bay set S. Anthonies hill South East from you and hale along S. Anthonies shore vntill you are cleare of the East poynt of the land Then turne vp Eastward vntill you come to Laredo where you may lay out anker in 6. or 7. fatham But if you will beare into the hauen within the two walles you must doe it at highe water for it is a port for barkes and vessels of small burden There lieth a shoald amiddest the entrie of the hauen wheare it is alwayes very troublesome and may be sayld about S. Ander lieth foure Dutch leagues from S. Anthonies mount hale along the west shoare vntill you come to the great rocke whereon standeth a little house on eyther side whereof you may saile in S. Anders hauen stretcheth in from the entrance Northwest and hath 6. or 7. fatham water Foure Dutch leagues from S. Ander lieth S. Martyns It is very narrow as you come in and a bard hauen and parteth it selfe inwardes into two litle streames Fiue dutch leagues by west of S. Martyns standeth S. Vincents whose hauen also is bard and hath a Rocke standinge westward of the entree and a little fillet or riffe of sand from the East poyncte you must sayle in betweene this sande and the rocke where it is narrow but within it is a round hauen mayntained by a little riuer Three Dutch leagues westward lyeth Lhanes likewise a bard hauen on the East side of which lyeth a banke sayle in on the west side of it there is likewise a little riuer In these countries is great store of wooll Iron Chesse-nuttes Orenges Steele and Rosin of all which thinges there is great traffique THE SEA COASTES of Byscuy betweene Laredo and 〈◊〉 euen as they shew when you pass before them A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEENE Rio de Sella and Auiles SIx Dutch leagues Westward of L'hanes lieth Rio de Sella If you will enter the hauen marke the maste which standeth vpon the Easterne shoare neere which you must enter because the west side is rockie and daungerous inwardes And being past the mast anker before the towne it is a bard hauen Villa viciosa beareth 10. Dutch leagues westward of Rio de Sella you must come in by the westerne shoare because the Easterne is slat and perillous Right within the mouthe of the hauen you shall finde a little shoald which appeareth at a lowe ebbe this is likewise a bard hauen The towne standeth on the west side whither you may sayle anker in the largest place Six leagues from Villa viciosa westward lieth Sanpsons cape and on the East side therof standeth a little Island with a small tower betweene these two is goodharborough and faire ground to anker in at 6. or 7. fatham on the westside of Sanpson euen right before the litle porte is likewise good riding in 6. or 7. fatham VVestward of Sanpson lieth Gyon hauing a peere of stone vnder which Th' inhabitantes doe lay their fisher boates A good Dutch mile from thence westward is the bay of Tores where is safe harbarough and 8. or 9. fatham water On the cape standeth an high tower Two leagues farther westward lyeth Cape de Pennas from whence a rewe of rockes stretcheth out into the sea Two leagues from thence standeth Auiles the best porte of all these coastes On the Eastside therof is a chapple neare vnto the point you must passe vntill you are within two rockes where it is wide and broad By the west poynt there runneth vp a little sandy riffe along the shoare reaching inwardes by the hauen towardes the towne where it is very shoaldie on both sides and on the westside of the hauen lie two great rocks right against the little Church that standeth by the sandy bay There is in these coastes farre greater plentie and store of fruits wines and other good marchandises than is in Biscay The Mappe of the Sea Coastes of Biscay betweene Rio de Sella Auiles verie naughty hauens for great shippes Iodocus Hondiusfe A DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF RIBA DEOS BIVIERO AND LVARCA FRom Auiles vnto Luarca are six dutch leagues South-west and by west it is an hauen for small ships and stretcheth Southeast inwards the Eastside is dangerous but the west is good and faire Riba Deos beareth Southwest and by west from Luarca and is a good hauen for all ships westward of it standeth a sharpe steeple and a little from thence into the sea lieth a hidden rocke when you enter the mouth of the hauen two other Towers come in sight at the west side of the hauen the one on high the other below nigh the shoare Then conde thorow the very middest of the channell vntill you come against the second or farthest tower within the hauen where you may anker on both sides at your pleasure But the west side is deeper contayning 4. 5. or 6. fatham euen vp to Riba Deos which standeth vpon a great bay The Cape of Brilo is six leagues Northwest from Riba Deos. westward from this cape standeth S. Ciprian ouer agaynst which lie two great round rockes A league thence westward standeth an Island thwart the mouth of the hauen of Biuiero which you may sayle about on both sides yet best roming in is on the west side where being cleere of the poynt you may anker at 6. or 7. fatham Two leagues to the west of S. Ciprian is S. Marks roade which is a faire bay Two leagues from thence is a
coastes THE SEA COASTES OF Portugal betwene Camino Montego eueÌ„ as the Countrie there aboutes is lying and situated with all the hauens thereof Exactly doÌ„ne and corected with great dilligence A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF THE MOST notable part of Portugall viz. from the Burlinges to beyond Sainct Vues THe Cape of Roxent beareth 12. leagues South and by East and South south-east from the Burlings About a league to the Eastward of Roxent lieth the Roade called Cascals where against a North wind you may anker at 10. or 12. fatham If you wil from Cascals into the riuer of Lysbone hale along the north shore bearing a loofe from the first blacke poynte about a cables length Then go towards S. Gyles poynt a quarter of a Cables length of it but take heed you enter not in a calme and a low ebbe because the tide setteth strongly vpon the northern shoalde called the north Malechopos or Katchupps when you are within S. Gyles beare alongest the North shoare vntil you are past the castell called Restiers or Rastels and anker at 12. or 13. fatham before the Towne called Bolin But if you will sayle in the channell called the Craeck deepe or great deepe of Lisbone set the west poynt of Roxent right against Cas-cals vntill the abbey which standeth vpon the hill westward of Restiers aunswereth to the little tower which beareth Northwardes vpon the land Then goe so towardes the Abbey of S. Katherynes almost North-east and North-east and by East vntill on your Larbord side you haue two third partes of the riuer Continue then your course towards Restiers vntill you are past the castell where you may anker at your pleasure But if through the Craicke deepe you will turne in or out vpon a board bring the said little Tower two mastes length westward and the like distance to the northward of the sayd Abbey and euery time when you haue brought your markes after this sort turne the shippe vntill you come to S. Katherynes bay But if you will set towardes the Bankes of S. Vues or S. Toous keepe the first poynt lying to the westward of Zizembre a shippes length without the point that beareth Eastward of it vntill you see a white house appeare ouer agaynst the castell that standes on the shoare Then may you discouer the castell of Palmedo in a great valley keepe these markes after this maner and goe North Northeast and North-east and by North vntill you are past the aforesayde castell on the shoare And from thence hale along that shoare at a cables length to S. Vues In the banks of S. Vues lie 7. shoaldes or barres which at full sea haue 4. fatham water On the South-side these bankes are drie and doe for the moste part shewe aboue water The entrie along the South coastes is onely for Barks and small vessels anker neare the citie of S. Vues at 6. or 7. fatham In this part of Portugall is so great trade and varietie of traffique that it is hardly to be matched in all Europe For there is great plentie of all kinde of spices suger siluer golde wine oyle salt Iuory cochenille brasill and innumerable other kinds of marchandises that are brought thither out of the Indies and from thence transported and dispersed throughout all Europe THE SEA MAPPE OF Pâ—â—â—ugal wherein are situated the most famous marâ— towne of Lisbone St vues with their Riuers and coastes as they show when you saiell vp and downe them A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF ALGARBES the Southern part of Portugall AT the Cape of S. Vincent you haue salfe harborow for a North and Northwest winde Two leagues from Lagos lieth a great rock vnder water and a great league Southward from Villa Noua whether if yee will goe bring the tower and the mast standing vpon the East land togither and holde alonge the shoare vntil you are past the tower then beare in Northward till you come before the citie of Villa Noua where on the South side you haue a great drie bancke at the entrie or mouth is onely 2. fatham water at half floud and the north side is ful of bancks and shoaldes About 6. leagues Eastward beareth the citie Faraon where vpon the shoare standeth a light tower from the corner whereof lieth out a banck which you must auoyd Go in on the East side setting the tower on the Larbord the shoare of Tauilas on the starrebord side Foure leagues Northward of Faraon lieth Tauilas the entrance is crooked and full of shoalds which you must passe by obseruyng the shoare markes beacons and other signes before you may enter At halfe floud you haue there not aboue 10. or 12. foote depth euery yere the channell shifteth Foure leagues from thence Northward lieth Aimont a good hauen and you may beare right in from the sea or may enter by the Eastside hard abord the shoare within it is wide and broade you may turne to Castro-Marin or Aimont where you may anker at 5. or 6. fatham as you shall thinke best Fiue leagues further Eastward you haue the channell of L'epe which doth chaunge almost euery yeare Two leagues Eastward from thence lieth the entrie of S. Michael where you may come directly in from the sea then from S. Michaels with litle barkes you may passe the shoaldes to L'epe or Cartaya where you may take in the good Bastard wine These Hauens doe yeeld figges oyle corke and wines there is also great store of fish taken at Lagos which is carried thorough the straightes of Gibraltar sold and distributed among the most part of the townes of the Leuant A Description of the Sea Coastes of the land of Algarbe and a parte of the Condado with their shew opening A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES AND HAVENS OF ANDALVZIA SAltees beareth 4. leagues Eastward from S. Michaell you may saile by it to the great Condado and may goe in by the west entrance and keepe Guelua which we call the Vuoolfe ouer the Easterne point of the hauen bearing inwardes to Saltees But if you will enter by the land side then must you beare in with the west ende of the white cliffe hale then a cables length off alongest the shoare by the great tree that standeth westward of the cliffe keepyng still the point of the hauen right ouer against the Tower of Odier vntill you are cleare of the Island Then set Northward to Palos where you may anker at 5. or 6. fatham Saltees lieth 8. leagues from Chipiona South-east you may heere enter the riuer of S. Lucar de Barrameda called Guadalgueuir two cables length from the shoare and when you are cleare of the second shoalde giue it a birth of the South shoare vntill the Abbey and the great tree are one then holde on to S. Lucyfers Church commonly called S. Lucar de Barrameda To get the true depth and channell of the riuer set the said great tree right ouer the East-end
At the west side of this shoald is the channell of VVelles which hath also Buyes in the entry Burnam standeth 4. leagues westward of vvelles where is shallaw water and the flats stretch farre into the sea Burnam channell lieth inwardes by the shoare and hath on the Larbord side as you enter certeine Beacons To the westward lieth an other roade or channell of 3. fatham depth called burneham pits about 3. leagues thence to seawardes you haue but 2. fatham water If you will set towardes Linne goe hard vnder S. Edmunds Chapell leauing the shoalde called the Suncke which lyeth aboue water a seabord of you then holde on your course South and by west to the first Buy that lieth in the entrie of Linne The commodities and traffique that these coastes yeeld is wooll Cloth and in some places wheate Barley Malte Beere Herringes and Sprattes In exchaunge whereof much Salt Fish and Linnen Clothe is brought thither and vented especially at Linne The Sea Coastes of Swedeland about the coastes of Westerwijck and the entraūce of Stockholm Beginning from Kalmar vnto the Wigstone and the Redde Kewe the which lye wtin the sayde entraunce of Stockholme All truelie done inuented by Lucas Janss Wagenaer AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE COASTES AND CHANNELS OF Linne Hull Filey Scarborough with the shoalds and banckes adioyning IF you will saile from Welles to the hauen of Lynne keepe the high flat tower betweene the two other high towers then are you in the right way to Lynne VVhen S. Edmunds Chapell beareth East from you and the trees that stand vppon the innermost point doe come on the west ende of the Chapell then shape your course in Southeast and Southeast and by South towardes the first buy for now are you entered the Easterne channell of Lynne from thence hold South south-west and South and by west to the first Beacon from thence to the second South Southwest and so forth vnto the third Southwest and by South Then your course lieth by two buyes Southwest and Southwest and by South till you be within the point of the Land from whence you may conde betweene the shoaldes to the west entrie or channell and out againe by the Buyes and eye markes This channell lyeth to the seawardes Northeast and Northeast and by East But if you will enter Bostons channell set towardes the coast of Skegnesse beare in hard abord the shore and you shal be cleare of the shoald called the Drosing or Ellen-knocke when you haue brought the three trees Southward of Somcall or of the sharpe steeple then Ellen-knocke standeth so seawardes from you And then may you beare vp alongest the coast of Leake in 3. fatham water into the riuer of Bostone But you may returne backe agayne to sea betweene Ellen-knock and long sand in 3. fatham water East North-East And if you will enter the channell of Humber hale in alongest the Northerne poynt of Sprunhead because the Southside is flat and full of shoaldes but beeing entred a little way borrow of the other side of the riuer towardes Grymsbie within the shoald where you may ride in 6. or 7. fatham But if you will goe farther in vp to Hull keepe on west northwest alongst by the Southside to the furthermost ende of the shoalde then turne Northward into the riuer where after you are entered you must hold west Southwest and west and by South Bridlingstone is scituate in a bay where is safe harborough for a North and a Northwest winde Three leagues to the Northward of Flamburgh lieth the bay of Filey where you may safely anker for a North Northeast winde betweene the Peere and Filey bridge which is a rocke that lyeth vnder water at a spring tide Scarbrough beareth two leagues northward of Filay and hath two peeres wherein you may cast anker and lie on the sand at low water The traffique of these partes is Barly Malte wheate and course Cloathes A DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES of England Betweene Burnam Scarborough as that land and coast lyeth appeareth A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE NORTHERMOST COASTES OF ENGLAND WHERE THE RIuer of Newcastle is the chiefest hauen FRom Scarborough to Whitby you haue 4. leagues North west and by west the Hauen or Riuer is barde Southwardes of the Hauen stretcheth out a Shoalde half a league into the Sea If you will sayle to VVhitby beare in between two beakons till you come between two landes where you shall finde it somewhat shallow Hertlepole lieth from VVhitby 7. leagues westwarde thereof is a great Bay or Riuer called the Teis It is a very fayre Hauen and stretcheth inwardes to the west southwest In the very middest of it you haue 30. fatham water but farther inwardes before Sockton not aboue 4. fatham The Cape or point of Sonderland lieth seuen leagues northward from Hartlepole Two leagues from thence more Northward is the castle of Tinmouth on the Southside of it is the mouth of the Riuer of Nevvcastell The markes to enter are when two watche Towers and the wood are brought in one by these marks you may saile in and out vntill you come before the Towne where you haue 3. fatham and a halfe But in the entrie only 2. fatham at halfe flood Cocket Islande is 7. leagues from Tinmouth North North west which you may sayle rounde aboute and may cast Anker salfely at 4. or 5. fatham In these Coastes and specially at Nevvcastle is merueilous great traffique for sea Coles which are transported thence to other Countries It doth yeald also Barley wheate Malte and course Clothes THE CARDE OF the North coaste of England from Whitbye vnto Coket I le A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEENE Bambourgh and Aberdyne HOlley Islande beareth 4. leagues North North west from Coket Isle and hath in the South-side therof a Bay wherin is salfe roade at 3. or 4. fatham but best riding is before the castle Betweene the west poynt of the Staples and Holy Islande are 2. Rockes one opposite to another called the Plough and the Goldstone Bring Dunstabourgh one with Bambourgh and so saile out betwixt them Barvvick lieth from thence fiue leagues west northwest if you will enter the hauen set the two Beacons on your starboord and so holde on to the citie from thence fiue leagues North northwest lieth S. Tabbes head The Isle of Basse is foure leagues distant from S. Tabbes head west northwest whither from the farthermost poynt of the Staples you haue 6. leagues Northwest From S. Tabbes head to May Island foure leagues northwest and north west and by north From May to Fisnes one league Northeast and by east Basse beareth South west south west and by south from May two great leagues and but one from the westerne shore Brant Island standeth to the westward and west by northward of Bass three leagues by the south side of which you may sayle Three leagues westward of Brant Isle lieth Edenbrough the chiefest mart of all
outtermost or the furtheste parte of the Easterne Sea East 〈…〉 which lyeth Jnclosed with in the coastes of East Finland Rusland â—â—…sland and wherin lye the Narâ—… and Wyboâ—gh the twoo furthermost 〈…〉 â—archante towne of 〈…〉 with all the 〈◊〉 of the situation 〈…〉 A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF LIFLAND ABOVT REVEL AND Moonsound and of the coasts adioyning FRom the Isle of Nargen to the buy you haue a great league East and by South and from the buy to Reuell two great leagues not farre from the Isle of VVolfsound is a blind rocke when the tower of Reuell appeareth ouer the point of the Island you are come neare the Rocke which lieth halfe a league Northwest from VVolfsound On the East side of vvolfsound are two Islandes called VVrangen you may anker within them in the channell at 10. or 12. fatham A league and a half to the North northwest of them lieth a blinde rocke and an other halfe a league off plain North. The shoare of Lyfland is all cleare ground If you will sayle from Oegens-holme into Moonsund keepe South southwest and Southwest by west vntill you are within Osse-holme Grasholme lieth a league beyond Osseholme which you may sayle round about or ride there at your pleasure Grasgrond lieth a league within Grasholme in the midst of the channel but borow of the land of Syburgnesse or Dagerorts along by the little Islands a reasonable distance off keepe within al the Islandes S and by E. and S. vntill you come to the westerne coast of Oesell nigh the great tree where you haue 4. fatham water sometimes but three Holde on alongst the coast of Oesell foure or fiue leagues Southeast and by East till you come to a little Island then keepe on betweene that Island and Oesell vntill you come to the farthest partes of Oessell where is 8. fatham water Halfe a league from thence lieth a shoalde called the Pater noster which you must sayle aloufe off Then may you plie agayne Southward to Runen which is an Island situate ten leagues hence in the great bay of Righe Reuell being the moste famous Marte of the whole countrie so flourished thirtie yeares past that euery yeare there arriued and were vnladen aboue an hundreth great ships with salt which were also woont to be fraighted there againe with VVheate Rie VVaxe Flaxe Hempe all kinde of Skinnes and Furres and such like commodities of good value But it is now so decayed by reason of the continuall warres with the Muscouytes that through the whole yeare there are scarce sixe ships laden which hath bene to the generall impouerishing of this citie and countrie A DILLJGENT description of THE SEA COASTES of Lyffland with all the Jles there vnto appartaniÌ„g eeueÌ„ as they do appeare and open when you sayle there alongst from Ekehol men vnto Syburghs ness A PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF RIGHE AND PARNOVT AND OF the Islandes adioyninge YOu must sayle from Domesnest to Runen 6. leagues East and East and by North and from Runen to the northeren coast of Oesell where Moonsound beginneth you haue 10. leagues North and North and by East from Runen again vnto Kyne 8. leagues East north east From Kyne to Pernout it is 7. leagues North east and by East where in the entrie you haue but 6. or .8 foote depth the channell sometimes shifteth from place to place and serueth only for small vessels called Boyers There standeth a litle towne between Pernout and Righe called Salles where lieth a shoald in 8. foote depth before the entrie and serueth likewise but for small vessels Duinemonde of Righe beareth from Runen 12. leagues South east The eye markes to enter the riuer of Duina are when the watch-house that standeth a litle way from the castle of Duinemond is one with the great tree and the southside of the citie of Righe with the poynt of Terspille These are the right markes to sayle into the Riuer a good wayes turne then vp sometimes Southward till you come between both landes Then borrow of the South coast to the poynt of Terspille where you may anker in any place in 6. or 7. fatham you must go by your Lead because the channell altereth almost euery yeare 4. leagues to the Southward of Domesnest is a litle riuer where many small vessels doo lade In these two places thirtie or fortie yeres past was great traffique of al kinde of costly marchandizes which through the continuall warres with the Muscouytes is almost vtterly decayed Notwithstandyng there is yet some traffique at Righe for euery yeare thirtie or fortie shippes laden with Salt are there discharged and aboue an hundred ships are likewise fraighted with wheate Rie Clawbordes and waynscot wax Flax Hempe Pitch Tarre Salt and drie Hides Sheepe-skinnes Furres and other like commodities of good valew THE SEA card of the Sea coastes of Lyffland comprehending the land lying rounde about the great JuhaÌ„ of the Ryghish eueÌ„ as they do appeare open when you sayl thee alongst A MOST PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF THE ISLE OF OESEL WHICH lieth betweene the Belt and the bay of Righ and stretcheth vp from the narrow entrie or straight towardes Righe and Parnout YOur course from Domesnest to Runen is 6. leagues East and by North and so farre lieth Abbrick from Runen whereaboutes are many dangerous shoaldes in your faire way 3. or 4. fatham deepe But being past Domesnest you may see it when you are a great league from Oesell Aberburgh beareth westward of it where shippes are fraighted with Barley Mault Tarre all kinde of grosse wares and diuers Skinnes and Furres From Domesnest lieth a very dangerous riffe or a rough and stone bancke a league out into the sea Northeast and Northeast and by East The roade of Oesell lieth from Domesnest three leagues Northwest and Northwest by west where in 7. fatham is good ground to anker There stretcheth downe also from the South end of Oesell a riffe or bancke two leagues in length into the sea Southward and South and by westward which is both hard and roomie westward from this riffe lye many scattering shoaldes and banckes which stretch out Northward alongst the coast of Oesell where in many places you haue onely 2. 3. 4. 5. fatham c. There are besides in Oesell two other hauens where shippes are laden viz. VVyck and another 5. leagues from thence Northward Hontsfort beareth from VVyck eight leagues North and from thence haue you six leagues to Dagerort North Northwest wherein standeth an high Tower which you may see on both sides of the land Betweene both these heades you may sayle to Hontsvvick which is a perillous bay for there are many shipwrackes by reason the pilots are not skilfull thereaboutes Now that I may againe set downe the entrance of Moonsound Saile from Runen North and North and by East to the North poynt of Oesell and they lye ten leagues one from an other but beare aloufe from the shoald called the Pater noster which ioyneth to
here and there with some houses To get the Channell or passage betweene the foresaid rockes and bayes you must saile 2. Cables length from the said rockes almost South Southeast keeping S. Matthewes Abbey in the valley Eastward from Conquet point then beare inwardes vntill you come to Blanc-hauen or Conquet point hale then to the outwardes vntill S. Mathewes Abbey be open vnto you without Conquet point sailing alongest a Cables length off for so shall you not strike vpon the Bell which lieth off Conquet point almost three cables length But keepe Flemynes bay full west of the white Friers called the Blancs Moines But when you may plainely discerne Conquet you are thwart the rockes called Les Fenestriers which lie vnder water at the east side of Conquet hauen But if being at Sea you must turne in bring S. Mathewes Abbey right without Conquet point and saile againe about the rockes called the Hagles which lie almost a third part of the bredth of the waye from Vshant There is a harborough betwixt Fenestriers and the Blancs Moines vnder S. Matthewes point in 6. or 7. fatham And if you wil put ouer from S. Matthewes point to the Race of Fonteneau you must conde the ship from Blancs Moines south and by east vntil you come to the Emperours and Emperes rocks called the Keiser and Keiserine But as you must not presse to neere Keiser least you strike vpon the rockes which lie vnder water so great heede is to be taken that you be not caried away with the tide or currente which commonly setteth in towardes the Keiserine vpon the shoald called the Calfe which stretcheth downe from Keiserine like a tongue and it is alwaies there as a whirlepoole and verie tempestuous The Race of Fonteneau lieth out into the Sea South Southwest But Bresont stretcheth into the sea west and by South foure dutch leagues from S. Matthewes The marke to crosse the Race from S. Mathewes to the Keyser is the mill of Fenestriers standing directly westward off S. Matthewes Abbey But if you will saile to Croixduyns from S. Matthewes poynt hold on east and by south so that you keepe still the Southermost part of the rockes called the Cheminees without Blancs Moines vntill you get the bay of Crodune and the chappell appeare on the grauelly shoare towards which chappell you may safely beare and there anker in 9 or 10. fatham Ouer against Crodun by the north shoare lieth Bertrandes-bay being a very good harborough for a north and northwest winde But he which will goe vp to Breste or Landerneau must get good Pilots for it is all sounding water The Collignier beareth South Southeast about a league a halfe from S. Matthewes poynt The Faukenes lie off from the west poynt of Crodun about the fourth part of a league west southwest The southermost Faukenes standeth from the northermost about halfe a league South South-east and is vnder-water at a high spring-tide A cables length off north north-east lieth a blinde rocke which at lowest ebbe is euen with the water This South Faukenes beareth north-east and by north from Crodun There is also another hidden rocke west-ward from the north-east Faukenes which appeareth at lowest water The rocke called the Hen lieth distant from Faukenes west South-west two Cables length There is another called the Chicken almost north-west and by west from the Hen being two sharpe rockes which at a great ebbe are either euen or little aboue the water There lieth also a rocke east and by south from S. Matthewes poynt lyeng in the middest of Bertrandes-bay by the North-side of the water of Brest And these are his markes viz. when the southermost of the rocks called Cheminees are one with S. Matthewes poynt then you strike vpon this rocke but if it appeare a little without then you goe cleare VVest Penmarques is a bard hauen which is to be entered on the East-side along the shoare and leaue the great rocke on the starre-boord side which being once past you may anker at three fatham water for as you come in without the rocke you haue 8. or 9. fatham you may also sayle within the East Penmarques for the maine is sandy strande where you may anker in 10. or 12. fatham very safely neere vnto the Isle of Morton for there is faire ground THE SEA Carde ofs Britayne Conteining the Coastes Bays Iles and hauens that lye betweene Rouscou and Groye verie dilligently corrected Aº 1588 AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE SOVTH COASTES OF BRITANY BETWEENE BLAVET AND Picquelier wherein is also contayned Belisle and Groy TO sayle into Blauet when you haue the East poynt of the Island called Groy South and by west then are you come to the entry thereof which stretcheth inwardes north northeast where is a very safe harborough for any winde or wether at 6. or 7. fatham water In the entry you haue 4. fatham water but there lie some shoalds which you must shunne On the west-side of the entrie standeth a great sharpe steeple There is also vnder Groy good ground for ankering 7. or 8. fatham deepe and safe harborough for a south-west winde But beware of the south-east shoare for it is rockie ground But if you will harbour vnder Belisle you may goe in on both sides all at large where you may let fall your anker at 10. or 12. fatham water by S. Paules spire steeple But at a Northeast or north north-west winde you must way and plie vp to the East side of the Island where before S. Helen you haue safe road at 10. fatham But if the winde come aboue at south or south south-east returne then before the foresayd steeple of S. Paule There lie 3. Islands about a league and halfe from Belisle the middest whereof hath safe harborough you may sayle betwixt them from Island to Island in some places finde good riding About two leagues thence lieth the maine land where are 2. great bayes or riuers from whence you may betwixt the maine and the foresaid Islandes within Belisle sayle to Croyswicke or Croisill and the riuer of Nantes called the Loyre Croyswicke lyeth from Belisle about 8. dutch leagues East and by North and East North-east And from Croyswicke to the riuer of Loyre it is about 3. leagues He which will goe vp that riuer let him runne along the shoare of Croyswicke 3. cables length off to the pierced rock which he may look thorough like a great gate From thence let him keepe still two cables length off the northerne shore streight to the point whereon standeth a sharpe steeple vntill he be within the rockes called Les Pourceaux which lye in the middest of the riuer betwixt the pierced rocke and the steeple But when he is past S. Nazarethes steeple he may anker in the channell at 10. or 12. fatham where he must take in a Pilotte to lead him vp the Loyre vnto Nantes by the helpe of the plummet There lie Banckes to the Sea-ward a league and