with_o other_o proof_n be_v not_o material_a for_o other_o proof_n will_v do_v the_o deed_n without_o this_o bad_a concurrence_n and_o so_o will_v a_o violent_a presumption_n as_o if_o two_o go_v safe_a into_o a_o room_n one_o of_o they_o be_v find_v stab_v to_o death_n the_o other_o may_v suffer_v this_o presumption_n be_v inevitable_a the_o law_n of_o god_n the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n protect_v and_o preserve_v the_o life_n of_o man_n it_o be_v therefore_o hard_o to_o take_v away_o by_o circumstance_n such_o a_o real_a and_o noble_a essence_n this_o concurrence_n mar_v the_o evidence_n it_o help_v it_o not_o if_o one_o give_v false_a testimony_n once_o by_o the_o ancient_a law_n his_o testimony_n shall_v never_o be_v receive_v again_o leges_fw-la canuti_n regis_fw-la lamb_n saxon_n lawss_v fol._n 113._o p._n 34._o much_o less_o where_o they_o be_v notorious_a ill_a doer_n this_o and_o the_o reason_n and_o ground_n of_o this_o question_n already_o open_v will_v i_o hope_v give_v your_o lordship_n satisfaction_n for_o this_o question_n quest_n i_o will_v state_n it_o without_o any_o tenure_n reserve_v by_o express_a word_n as_o the_o question_n be_v put_v answ_n whether_o the_o reservation_n of_o rent_n or_o annual_a sum_n will_v raise_v this_o to_o be_v a_o tenure_n in_fw-la capite_fw-la i_o conceive_v it_o will_v not_o for_o sundry_a reason_n first_o from_o the_o beginning_n there_o have_v be_v fair_n and_o market_n and_o no_o precedent_n bookcase_n or_o record_n to_o warrant_v the_o new_a opinion_n in_o this_o case_n before_o trinity_n term_v 1639._o in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n second_o the_o practice_n of_o that_o court_n be_v always_o before_o to_o the_o contrary_a in_o the_o same_o and_o the_o like_a case_n three_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n as_o the_o question_n be_v of_o new_a creation_n and_o never_o in_fw-la esse_fw-la before_o for_o this_o see_v the_o book_n of_o 3._o henr._n 7._o 4._o 12._o henr._n 7._o 19_o 15._o e._n 4._o 14._o 46._o e._n 3._o 12._o 21._o henr._n 6._o 11._o stamford_n prerogative_n 8._o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o a_o tenure_n thereof_o 33._o 8._o upon_o the_o conquest_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o all_o land_n shall_v be_v hold_v by_o some_o tenure_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n 12._o 1._o the_o statute_n of_o quia_fw-la emptores_fw-la terrarum_fw-la 6â—_n etc._n etc._n praerogativa_fw-la regis_fw-la speak_v of_o feoffator_n 123._o feoffatores_fw-la etc._n etc._n therefore_o a_o tenure_n i_o mean_v this_o tacit_a or_o employ_v tenure_n be_v original_o only_o intend_v of_o land_n 2._o the_o king_n may_v reserve_v a_o tenure_n in_o all_o thing_n not_o mainerable_a by_o express_a reservation_n or_o covenant_n 44._o edw._n 3._o 45._o fitz._n nature_n brevium_fw-la 263._o etc._n etc._n but_o that_o be_v not_o our_o case_n 3._o here_o it_o be_v leave_v to_o construction_n of_o law_n which_o be_v aequissimus_fw-la iudex_fw-la and_o look_n upon_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o therefore_o in_o case_n that_o include_v land_n or_o where_o land_n may_v come_v in_o lieu_n thereof_o a_o tenure_n may_v be_v by_o implication_n as_o a_o mesnalty_n a_o reversion_n expectant_a upon_o a_o entail_v and_o the_o like_a 10._o edw._n 44._o a._n 42._o edw_n 3._o 7._o fitz._n grant_n 102._o and_o divers_a other_o book_n 4._o no_o tenure_n can_v be_v employ_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o rent_n if_o the_o rent_n be_v not_o distreynable_a by_o some_o possibility_n of_o its_o own_o nature_n upon_o the_o thing_n grant_v as_o appear_v by_o 5._o henr._n 7._o 36._o 33._o henr._n 6._o 35._o 40._o ed._n 3._o 44._o 1._o henr._n 4._o 1._o 2._o 3._o fitz-cessabit_fw-la 17._o 5._o the_o distress_n upon_o other_o land_n be_v the_o king_n mere_a prerogative_n like_o the_o case_n of_o butt_n co._n 6._o 25._o a_o distress_n may_v be_v for_o rent_n in_o other_o land_n by_o covenant_n 6._o this_o be_v no_o rent_n because_o it_o issue_v not_o out_o of_o land_n 7._o if_o the_o patentee_n here_o have_v no_o land_n there_o can_v be_v no_o distress_n in_o this_o case_n 8._o this_o be_v a_o mere_a privilege_n it_o issue_v out_o of_o no_o land_n and_o participate_v nothing_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o land_n all_o the_o case_n of_o tenure_n in_o our_o book_n be_v either_o of_o land_n or_o thing_n arise_v out_o of_o land_n or_o some_o way_n or_o other_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o land_n or_o that_o may_v result_v into_o land_n or_o that_o land_n by_o some_o possibility_n may_v result_v into_o it_o therefore_o i_o humble_o conceive_v that_o new_a opinion_n be_v not_o warrant_v by_o law_n or_o precedent_n these_o my_o lord_n be_v in_o part_n the_o thing_n which_o satisfy_v the_o house_n of_o commons_o in_o all_o the_o matter_n aforesaid_a they_o be_v now_o leave_v to_o the_o judgement_n and_o justice_n of_o your_o lordship_n question_n propound_v in_o parliament_n and_o declaration_n of_o the_o law_n thereupon_o in_o parliament_n whither_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v a_o free_a people_n 1._o and_o to_o be_v govern_v only_o by_o the_o common-law_n of_o england_n and_o statute_n of_o force_n in_o this_o kingdom_n the_o subject_n of_o this_o his_o majesty_n kingdom_n of_o ireland_n declaraon_n be_v a_o free_a people_n and_o to_o be_v govern_v only_o according_a to_o the_o common-law_n of_o england_n and_o statute_n make_v and_o establish_v by_o parliament_n in_o this_o kingdom_n of_o ireland_n and_o according_a to_o the_o lawful_a custom_n use_v in_o the_o same_o whither_o the_o judge_n of_o this_o land_n do_v take_v the_o oath_n of_o judge_n 2._o and_o if_o so_o whether_o under_o pretext_n of_o any_o act_n of_o state_n proclamation_n write_v letter_n or_o direction_n under_o the_o great_a or_o privy_a seal_n or_o privy_a signet_n or_o letter_n or_o other_o commandment_n from_o the_o lord_n lieutnant_n lord_n deputy_n justice_n or_o other_o chief_a governor_n or_o governor_n of_o this_o kingdom_n they_o may_v hinder_v stay_v or_o delay_v the_o suit_n of_o any_o subject_a or_o his_o judgement_n or_o execution_n thereupon_o if_o so_o in_o what_o case_n and_o whether_o if_o they_o do_v hinder_v stay_v or_o delay_v such_o suit_n judgement_n or_o execution_n thereupon_o what_o punishment_n do_v they_o incur_v for_o their_o deviation_n and_o transgression_n therein_o that_o judge_n in_o ireland_n ought_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o the_o justice_n or_o judge_n declare_v and_o establish_v in_o several_a parliament_n of_o force_n in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o the_o say_a judge_n or_o any_o of_o they_o declaraon_n by_o colour_n or_o under_o pretext_n of_o any_o act_n of_o state_n or_o proclamation_n or_o under_o colour_n or_o pretext_n of_o any_o writ_n letter_n or_o direction_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n privy_a seal_n or_o privy_a signet_n from_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n or_o by_o colour_n or_o pretext_n of_o any_o letter_n or_o commandment_n from_o the_o chief_a governor_n or_o governor_n of_o this_o kingdom_n ought_v not_o to_o hinder_v or_o delay_v the_o suit_n of_o any_o subject_a or_o his_o judgement_n or_o execution_n thereupon_o and_o if_o any_o letter_n writ_n or_o command_v come_v from_o his_o majesty_n or_o any_o other_o or_o for_o any_o other_o cause_n to_o the_o justice_n or_o to_o other_o depute_a to_o do_v the_o law_n and_o right_n according_a to_o the_o usage_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o disturbance_n of_o the_o law_n or_o of_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o same_o or_o of_o right_a to_o the_o party_n the_o justice_n and_o other_o aforesaid_a aught_o to_o proceed_v and_o hold_v their_o court_n and_o process_n where_o the_o plea_n and_o matter_n be_v depend_v before_o they_o as_o if_o no_o such_o letter_n writ_n or_o commaundment_n be_v come_v to_o they_o and_o in_o case_n any_o judge_n or_o judge_n justice_n or_o justice_n be_v find_v in_o default_n therein_o he_o or_o they_o so_o find_v in_o default_n ought_v to_o incur_v and_o undergo_v due_a punishment_n according_a the_o law_n and_o the_o former_a declaration_n and_o provision_n in_o parliament_n in_o the_o case_n make_v and_o of_o force_n in_o this_o kingdom_n or_o as_o shall_v be_v order_v adjudge_v or_o declare_v in_o parliament_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n justice_n of_o assize_n and_o goal-delivery_n if_o they_o be_v find_v in_o default_n as_o aforesaid_a it_o be_v hereby_o declare_v that_o they_o ought_v to_o undergo_v the_o punishment_n aforesaid_a whether_o the_o king_n majesty_n privy_a council_n either_o with_o the_o chief_a governor_n 3._o or_o governor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o without_o he_o or_o they_o be_v a_o place_n of_o judicature_n by_o the_o common-law_n and_o wherein_o cause_n between_o party_n and_o party_n for_o debt_n trespass_n account_n possession_n or_o title_n of_o land_n or_o any_o of_o they_o and_o which_o of_o they_o may_v be_v hear_v and_o determine_v and_o
fair_n and_o market_n to_o be_v hold_v in_fw-la capite_fw-la 21._o when_o no_o other_o express_a tenure_n be_v mention_v in_o his_o majesty_n letters-patent_n or_o grant_v of_o the_o same_o fair_n and_o market_n although_o the_o rent_n or_o yearly_a sum_n be_v reserve_v thereout_o the_o king_n grant_v land_n to_o be_v hold_v in_o free_a and_o common-soccage_n declaiation_n as_o of_o a_o castle_n or_o manor_n by_o letters-patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o by_o the_o same_o letters-patent_n or_o by_o other_o letters-patent_n grant_v a_o fair_a and_o market_n reserve_v a_o yearly_a rent_n or_o sum_n without_o express_v any_o tenure_n as_o to_o the_o say_a fair_a or_o market_n the_o say_a fair_a or_o market_n be_v not_o hold_v by_o knights-service_n in_fw-la capite_fw-la or_o otherwise_o in_fw-la capite_fw-la copia_fw-la vera_fw-la ex_fw-la ex_fw-la per_fw-la phil_n fern_n cleric_n parl._n com._n finis_fw-la fault_n escape_v pag._n 9_o l._n 19_o instead_o of_o cause_n read_v case_n p._n 40._o l._n 6._o for_o the_o read_v their_o p._n 44._o l._n 10._o for_o wage_n read_v way_n p._n 56._o l._n 17._o for_o best_a read_v least_o p._n 57_o lin_n 18._o for_o rottoman_a read_v hotoman_n ibid._n l._n 21._o for_o master_n sleyden_n say_v selden_n p_n 61._o l._n 3._o and_o be_v omit_v before_o that_o p._n 63._o l._n 19_o for_o strike_v r._n stick_n p._n 64._o l._n 14_o for_o prime_n case_n say_v prince_n case_n p._n 67_o l_o ultima_fw-la for_o strata_n marclad_v say_v strata_n marcelia_n p._n 68_o l_o vlt._n for_o here_o say_v there_o p_o 70_o l_o 1_o for_o sit_v say_v litt._n ibid._n l_o 2_o for_o give_v say_v give_v p_o 70_o l_o 22_o for_o writ_n say_v writ_n p_o 72_o l_o 1._o for_o this_o the_o p_o 7â—_z l_o 23._o for_o as_o say_v or_o p_o 86._o for_o willielmi_fw-la collet_n say_v willielmus_fw-la collet_n p._n 87_o l_o 12_o for_o monopolite_n monopolist_n p_o 88_o l_o 8_o for_o cod._n say_v c._n p_o 93_o l_o 19_o for_o promissum_fw-la est_fw-la say_v provisum_fw-la est_fw-la p_o 94_o l_o 2_o for_o promissum_fw-la say_v provisum_fw-la p_o 97_o l_o 21_o for_o the_o say_v this_o p_o 109_o l._n 3_o for_o thornbow_n say_v thorn_n borrow_v pag_n 116._o l._n 7._o for_o placit._n com._n say_v plo._n com._n ibid._n l_o 19_o for_o part_n say_v party_n p_o 121_o l_o 7_o non_fw-la be_v omit_v p_o 122_o l_o ultim_fw-la for_o relivuum_fw-la say_v relevium_fw-la preamble_n to_o the_o question_n 1._o q._n 1._o rat_n 2._o q._n 2._o rat_n 3._o and_o 4._o q._n 3._o and_o 4._o ratio_fw-la 5._o 6._o 7._o q._n 5._o 6._o 7._o rat_n 8._o q._n 8._o rat_n 9_o q._n 9_o rat_n 10._o quest_n 10._o ratio_fw-la 11._o quest_n 11._o ratio_fw-la 12._o q._n 12._o rat_n the_o second_o remembrancer_n certificate_n 1._o iunii_fw-la 1641._o 13_o quest_n 13._o ratio_fw-la 14._o quest_n 14._o ratio_fw-la 15._o q._n 15._o rat_n 16._o quest_n 16._o ratio_fw-la 17._o quest_n 17._o ratio_fw-la 18._o q._n 18._o rat_n 19_o quest_n 19_o rat_n 20._o que_fw-fr 20._o rat_n 21._o quest_n 21._o rat_n hopperus_n de_fw-fr vera_fw-la iuris_fw-la prudentia_fw-la pag._n 118._o lord_n chancel_n egerton_n de_fw-fr postnat_fw-la fol._n 17._o â—_z ratio_fw-la poltons_n stat_fw-la fol._n 8._o atchi_fw-it tuâ—ris_fw-la lond._n cambd._n anal_n hibern_n 2._o ratio_fw-la 3._o ratio_fw-la 4._o ratio_fw-la 5._o ratio_fw-la 6._o ratio_fw-la 7._o ratio_fw-la 8._o ratio_fw-la 9_o ratio_fw-la genes_n c._n 3._o vers._n 7._o etc._n etc._n 4._o vers._n 8._o 1._o quest_n 1._o answer_n archi._n turris_n london_n stat._n hiberniae_fw-la 67._o a._n 2._o quest_n 2._o answer_n 5._o ed._n 4._o 2._o 36._o hen._n 6._o 29._o 14._o hen._n 7._o 13._o 3._o quest_n 3._o answ._n sir_n thomas_n tempest_n knight_n 1._o object_n 2._o object_n 1._o resp._n 2._o resp._n ad_fw-la 2._o object_n 4._o quest_n 4_o answer_n archiv_n turris_fw-la londin_n de_fw-la comunibus_fw-la placitis_fw-la per_fw-la billas_fw-la coram_fw-la justiciariis_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la nequaquam_fw-la terminandis_fw-la 5._o quest_n 5._o answer_n 6._o quest_n 6._o answer_n 7._o quest_n 7._o answer_n natura_fw-la br._n fol._n 85._o in_fw-la se_fw-la brief_a de_fw-fr securitate_fw-la inveniend_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la se_fw-la divertat_fw-la ad_fw-la partes_fw-la extras_fw-la pars_fw-la extra_fw-la can_v be_v intend_v the_o king_n dominion_n fol._n 12._o and_o 13._o natura_fw-la br._n 32._o 19_o hen._n 3._o fitz_n her_o darien_n presentment_n 23._o â—_z hen._n 3._o fitz_n her_o dower_n 179._o 35._o henr._n 6_o 26._o 37._o hen._n 6._o 17._o 49._o edw._n 3._o 4._o 11._o co._n 86._o 8._o quest_n 8._o answer_n 9_o quest_n 9_o answer_n 10._o quest_n 10._o answ_n 11._o quest_n 11._o answ_n 12._o quest_n 12._o answ_n vide_fw-la 5._o henr._n 7._o 9_o a._n prescription_n to_o impound_v cattle_n until_o amends_o be_v do_v according_a to_o his_o will_n not_o good_a this_o appear_v by_o several_a record_n in_o hen._n 6._o and_o hen._n 7_o time_n in_o the_o second_o remembrancer_n office_n in_o ireland_n 24._o hen._n 8_o b_o fealty_n and_o homage_n 8._o 13._o quest_n 13._o answ_n 14_o quest_n 14._o answ_n vide_fw-la 2._o and_o 3._o phil._n and_o ma_fw-la 〈…〉_z e_o 123._o b._n 15._o quest_n 15._o answ_n co._n inst._n 109._o stat._n hib._n 3._o edw._n 4._o cap._n 1._o co._n 4._o 34._o bozoons_n case_n 16._o quest_n 16._o answ_n 17_o quest_n 1._o answ_n verba_fw-la statut._n lo._n visc_n clanmoris_fw-la 18._o quest_n 18._o answ_n 19_o quest_n 19_o answ_n 20._o quest_n 20_o answ_n gen._n cap._n 1._o v._n 31._o gen_n cap._n 1._o v._n 27._o 21._o quest_n 21._o answ_n 48._o edw._n 3._o 9_o 33._o h._n 6._o 7._o 8._o hen._n 7._o 12._o co._n 6._o 6â—_n co._n 9_o 123._o question_n 1._o declaraon_n question_n 2._o declaraon_n question_n 3._o declaraon_n questioâ—_z 4._o declaration_n question_n 5._o declaraon_n question_n 6._o declaration_n question_n 7._o declaration_n question_n 8._o declaration_n question_n 9_o declaration_n question_n 10._o declaration_n question_n 11._o declaration_n question_n 12._o declaration_n question_n 13._o declaration_n question_n 14._o declaration_n question_n 15._o declaration_n question_n 16._o declaraon_n question_n 17._o declaraon_n question_n 18._o declaration_n question_n 19_o declaration_n question_n 20._o declaration_n question_n 21._o declaiation_n
or_o penalty_n upon_o the_o liberty_n good_n or_o land_n of_o he_o that_o will_v bring_v a_o assize_n of_o daren_n presentment_n for_o a_o prebendary_a i_o do_v find_v that_o a_o provision_n be_v make_v in_fw-la haec_fw-la verba_fw-la promissum_fw-la est_fw-la à _fw-la consilio_fw-la regis_fw-la quod_fw-la nullus_fw-la de_fw-la potestate_fw-la regis_fw-la francia_fw-la respondeat_fw-la in_fw-la anglia_fw-la antequam_fw-la anglici_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la suo_fw-la in_fw-la terra_fw-la regis_fw-la francia_fw-la 179._o etc._n etc._n yet_o by_o that_o provision_n no_o forfeiture_n upon_o the_o land_n or_o good_n of_o he_o who_o sue_v a_o frenchman_n in_o england_n at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v true_a that_o a_o custom_n may_v be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n 26._o and_o yet_o allowable_a because_o that_o it_o may_v have_v a_o lawful_a commencement_n and_o continual_a usage_n have_v give_v it_o the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n consuetudo_fw-la ex_fw-la certa_fw-la rationabili_fw-la causa_fw-la usitata_fw-la private_fw-la communem_fw-la legem_fw-la but_o no_o proclamation_n or_o act_n of_o state_n may_v alter_v law_n for_o example_n sake_n at_o common-law_n a_o proclamation_n can_v make_v land_n devisable_a which_o be_v not_o devisable_a by_o the_o law_n nor_o alter_v the_o course_n of_o descent_n the_o king_n by_o his_o letters-patent_n can_v do_v the_o same_o 49._o nor_o grant_v land_n to_o be_v ancient_a demesne_n at_o this_o day_n 4._o nor_o make_v land_n to_o be_v descendible_a according_a the_o course_n of_o gavelkind_n or_o borough_n english_a unless_o that_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n do_v warrant_v the_o same_o nor_o gavelkind_n land_n to_o be_v descendible_a according_a the_o course_n of_o law_n à _fw-la fortiori_fw-la a_o act_n of_o state_n or_o proclamation_n which_o i_o hold_v to_o be_v of_o less_o force_n than_o the_o king_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n can_v do_v it_o and_o in_o the_o case_n of_o irish_a gavelkind_n it_o be_v not_o the_o proclamation_n or_o act_n of_o state_n that_o do_v abolish_v or_o alter_v it_o but_o the_o very_a custom_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v unreasonable_a and_o repugnant_a to_o law_n if_o a_o act_n of_o state_n be_v make_v 86._o that_o none_o within_o the_o kingdom_n shall_v make_v card_n but_o john_n at_o style_n this_o act_n be_v void_a for_o the_o king_n himself_o can_v grant_v a_o patent_n under_o his_o great_a seal_n to_o any_o one_o man_n for_o the_o sole_a feazance_n of_o card_n so_o it_o be_v of_o all_o proclamation_n or_o act_n of_o state_n that_o be_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o traffic_n trade_n or_o merchant_n affair_n or_o for_o raise_v of_o monopoly_n or_o against_o the_o freedom_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n or_o the_o public_a good_a as_o i_o say_v before_o also_o if_o proclamation_n or_o act_n of_o state_n may_v alter_v the_o law_n or_o bind_v the_o liberty_n good_n or_o land_n of_o the_o subject_n then_o will_v act_n of_o parliament_n be_v to_o no_o purpose_n which_o do_v represent_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o be_v common_o for_o create_v of_o good_a and_o wholesome_a law_n therefore_o i_o conceive_v that_o all_o proclamation_n make_v against_o law_n be_v absolute_o void_a and_o that_o the_o infringer_n thereof_o ought_v not_o to_o lose_v or_o forfeit_v their_o liberty_n good_n or_o land_n and_o for_o the_o punishment_n of_o such_o judge_n that_o vote_v herein_o i_o refer_v to_o the_o six_o they_o deny_v to_o answer_v to_o this_o question_n this_o answer_n be_v general_a and_o dangerous_a withal_o quest_n it_o be_v general_a answer_n viz._n they_o know_v no_o ordinary_a rule_n of_o law_n for_o it_o they_o ought_v to_o declare_v the_o law_n against_o it_o the_o right_a use_n of_o it_o here_o they_o commend_v and_o yet_o they_o do_v not_o describe_v that_o right_a use_n therefore_o they_o commend_v two_o thing_n the_o one_o the_o life_n of_o a_o subject_a to_o be_v leave_v to_o martial_a law_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n the_o other_o they_o leave_v it_o likewise_o discretionary_a when_o they_o describe_v not_o the_o right_a use_n their_o last_o resort_n be_v to_o the_o king_n prerogative_n i_o have_v say_v before_o that_o lawyer_n write_v the_o king_n can_v do_v no_o wrong_n and_o sure_o i_o be_o our_o king_n mean_v no_o wrong_n the_o king_n of_o england_n do_v never_o make_v use_n of_o their_o prerogative_n to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o subject_a nor_o to_o take_v away_o his_o life_n nor_o liberty_n but_o by_o lawful_a mean_n i_o conceive_v this_o advice_n shall_v become_v the_o judge_n other_o advise_v they_o find_v not_o in_o their_o law_n book_n the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 29._o and_o 5._o edw._n 3._o cap._n 9_o the_o petition_n of_o right_a the_o three_o of_o king_n charles_n in_o full_a parliament_n declare_v tell_v they_o nay_o do_v convince_v they_o that_o no_o man_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n can_v be_v execute_v by_o martial_a law_n answer_n my_o lord_n i_o can_v wish_v the_o judge_n have_v timely_o stand_v in_o the_o right_a opposition_n to_o the_o draw_n of_o cause_n proper_a for_o the_o king_n court_n to_o a_o aliud_fw-la examen_fw-la the_o improper_a and_o unlawful_a examen_fw-la thereof_o on_o paper_n petition_n whereby_o the_o king_n justice_n and_o court_n be_v most_o defraud_v whereas_o a_o arbitrement_n be_v a_o principal_a mean_v to_o compose_v difference_n arise_v between_o neighbour_n and_o to_o settle_v amity_n between_o they_o without_o expense_n of_o time_n or_o money_n be_v a_o course_n approve_v by_o law_n all_o our_o book_n be_v full_a of_o this_o it_o be_v by_o consent_n of_o party_n by_o arbitrator_n indifferent_o choose_v bond_n for_o performance_n thereof_o be_v not_o void_a in_o law_n and_o judgement_n give_v upon_o arbitrement_n and_o such_o bond_n in_o our_o book_n without_o question_n or_o contradiction_n to_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o a_o arbitrement_n or_o bond_n in_o proper_a case_n the_o principal_a good_a wrought_v by_o they_o be_v the_o hinder_n of_o suit_n and_o debate_n at_o law_n therefore_o that_o exception_n fall_v of_o itself_o than_o i_o be_o to_o consider_v how_o far_o a_o oath_n in_o the_o particular_a be_v punishable_a i_o will_v not_o speak_v of_o a_o oath_n exact_v or_o tender_v that_o be_v not_o the_o question_n the_o question_n be_v of_o a_o voluntary_a oath_n which_o the_o arbitrator_n can_v hinder_v i_o speak_v not_o to_o the_o commendation_n of_o any_o such_o oath_n nor_o do_v i_o approve_v of_o any_o oath_n other_o than_o that_o which_o be_v take_v before_o a_o magistrate_n who_o derive_v his_o authority_n from_o the_o king_n the_o fountain_n of_o justice_n but_o only_o how_o far_o this_o oath_n be_v punishable_a by_o the_o late_a statute_n 10._o caroli_fw-la fol._n 109._o a_o profane_a oath_n be_v punish_v by_o the_o payment_n of_o twelve_o penny_n and_o no_o more_o vide_fw-la stat_fw-la of_o marl._n cap_n 23._o 52._o hen._n 3._o viz._n nullus_fw-la de_fw-la caetero_fw-la possit_fw-la distringere_fw-la liber_fw-la liber_fw-la tenentes_fw-la suos_fw-la etc._n etc._n nec_fw-la jurare_fw-la faciat_fw-la libere_fw-la tenentes_fw-la suos_fw-la contra_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la suam_fw-la quia_fw-la nullus_fw-la facere_fw-la potest_fw-la sine_fw-la praecepto_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la which_o statute_n teach_v we_o that_o a_o exact_v or_o compulsive_a oath_n be_v by_o the_o king_n authority_n a_o voluntary_a oath_n be_v not_o reprehend_v 19_o edw._n 4._o 1._o a._o it_o be_v not_o reprehend_v in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o arbitrement_n this_o voluntary_a oath_n be_v punishable_a in_o the_o star-chamber_n as_o the_o judge_n will_v affirm_v which_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v against_o the_o law_n first_o for_o that_o we_o can_v learn_v any_o precedent_n in_o england_n for_o it_o it_o be_v but_o late_o introduce_v here_o therefore_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o be_v unsatisfy_v with_o the_o answer_n to_o this_o question_n in_o boyton_n and_o leonar_n case_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n in_o ireland_n boyton_n be_v dismiss_v in_o a_o case_n to_o this_o purpose_n about_o the_o year_n 1630._o or_o 1631._o it_o have_v be_v the_o late_a introduce_a course_n of_o the_o castle-chamber_n quest_n and_o council-table_n not_o to_o admit_v the_o party_n censure_v to_o the_o reducement_n of_o his_o fine_a answ_n before_o he_o acknowledge_v the_o justness_n of_o the_o sentence_n pronounce_v against_o he_o and_o that_o for_o divers_a reason_n first_o the_o course_n of_o a_o court_n be_v as_o ancient_a as_o the_o court_n and_o stand_v with_o law_n be_v curiae_fw-la lex_fw-la as_o appear_v by_o our_o book_n 2._o co._n 16._o b._n lane_n case_n 17._o long_o 5._o edw._n 4._o 1._o but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o course_n introduce_v de_fw-la novo_fw-la in_o man_n memory_n or_o a_o course_n that_o be_v against_o law_n it_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v lex_fw-la curiae_fw-la for_o consuetudo_fw-la licet_fw-la sit_fw-la magnae_fw-la authoritatis_fw-la nunquam_fw-la tamen_fw-la praejudicat_fw-la manifestae_fw-la veritati_fw-la
to_o this_o positive_a question_n the_o answer_n be_v too_o general_a viz_o the_o parliament_n be_v concern_v therein_o and_o so_o be_v two_o other_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o likewise_o the_o king_n prerogative_n be_v interest_v therein_o wherefore_o they_o can_v answer_v till_o the_o matter_n come_v in_o debate_n and_o be_v argue_v before_o they_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o court_n of_o parliament_n will_v much_o conduce_v to_o the_o clear_n of_o this_o question_n co._n preface_n to_o the_o four_o report_n the_o exposition_n of_o law_n ordinary_o belong_v to_o the_o judge_n but_o in_fw-la maximis_fw-la difficillimisque_fw-la causis_fw-la ad_fw-la supremum_fw-la parliament_n parliament_n iudicium_fw-la cook_n preface_n to_o the_o nine_o report_n describe_v that_o supreme_a court_n in_o this_o manner_n si_fw-la vetustatem_fw-la spectes_fw-la est_fw-la antiquissima_fw-la si_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la est_fw-la honoratissima_fw-la si_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la est_fw-la capacissima_fw-la of_o this_o enough_o the_o learning_n be_v too_o manifest_a that_o it_o be_v the_o supreme_a court_n nay_o the_o primitive_a of_o all_o other_o court_n to_o that_o court_n belong_v the_o make_n alter_v or_o regulate_v of_o law_n and_o the_o correction_n of_o all_o court_n and_o minister_n look_v upon_o the_o member_n of_o it_o 109._o first_o the_o king_n be_v the_o head_n who_o be_v never_o so_o great_a nor_o so_o strong_a as_o in_o parliament_n where_o he_o sit_v ensconce_v with_o the_o heart_n of_o his_o people_n the_o second_o be_v all_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a the_o three_o the_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n these_o three_o do_v represent_v the_o whole_a commonwealth_n look_v upon_o the_o cause_n for_o which_o they_o be_v call_v circa_fw-la ardua_fw-la et_fw-la urgentia_fw-la negotia_fw-la regni_fw-la look_v upon_o the_o privilege_n of_o it_o if_o any_o member_n or_o member_n servant_n thereof_o be_v question_v or_o any_o thing_n order_v against_o he_o in_o any_o other_o court_n sit_v the_o parliament_n 1._o or_o within_o forty_o day_n before_o or_o after_o all_o the_o proceed_n be_v void_a by_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n the_o not_o clear_v of_o this_o question_n be_v against_o the_o king_n prerogative_n which_o be_v never_o in_o great_a splendour_n or_o majesty_n then_o in_o parliament_n and_o against_o the_o whole_a commonwealth_n therein_o concern_v as_o aforesaid_a the_o king_n have_v four_o counsel_n the_o first_o be_v common_fw-la concilium_fw-la which_o be_v this_o council_n second_o magnum_fw-la concilium_fw-la which_o be_v the_o council_n of_o his_o lord_n three_o the_o privy_a council_n for_o matter_n of_o estate_n fourthly_a the_o judge_n of_o his_o law_n co._n institut_fw-la 110._o a._n then_o by_o what_o law_n or_o use_n can_v the_o inferior_a of_o these_o four_o counsel_n question_v the_o first_o supreme_a and_o mother_n council_n i_o know_v not_o the_o state_n of_o the_o question_n consider_v which_o be_v of_o borough_n who_o ancient_o and_o recent_o send_v to_o the_o parliament_n by_o the_o same_o law_n that_o one_o member_n may_v be_v question_v forty_o eight_o member_n may_v be_v question_v as_o be_v do_v in_o our_o case_n in_o one_o day_n six_o such_o day_n may_v take_v away_o the_o whole_a house_n of_o commons_o and_o consequent_o parliament_n especial_o as_o this_o case_n be_v for_o upon_o the_o return_n of_o the_o first_o summons_n four_o and_o twenty_o corporation_n be_v seize_v the_o learning_n therefore_o be_v new_a that_o it_o shall_v rest_v in_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o sheriff_n who_o may_v make_v unfaithful_a return_n and_o of_o three_o baron_n in_o the_o exchequer_n who_o have_v no_o infallibility_n to_o overthrow_v parliament_n the_o best_a constitution_n in_o the_o world_n search_n have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o two_o book_n of_o entry_n in_o old_a natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la and_o in_o all_o the_o year_n book_n that_o be_v print_v there_o be_v not_o one_o precedent_n that_o in_o any_o time_n ever_o so_o bad_a such_o à _fw-la quo-warranto_fw-la be_v bring_v in_o co._n entry_n 527._o a_o à _fw-la quo-warranto_fw-la be_v bring_v against_o christopher_n helden_n and_o other_o to_o show_v cause_n why_o they_o claim_v such_o a_o borough_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v nothing_o to_o our_o purpose_n the_o quo-warrantoe_n in_o the_o question_n and_o those_o which_o be_v in_o the_o exchequer_n do_v admit_v they_o borrough_n and_o yet_o require_v they_o to_o show_v cause_n why_o they_o send_v burgess_n to_o the_o parliament_n this_o be_v oppositum_fw-la in_fw-la objecto_fw-la to_o admit_v they_o burgess_n and_o to_o question_v their_o power_n to_o send_v burgess_n which_o be_v former_o both_o ancient_o and_o recent_o so_o admit_v in_o parliament_n master_n littleton_n the_o first_o book_n we_o read_v clear_v this_o question_n sectione_fw-la 164._o there_o be_v ancient_a town_n call_v borrough_n the_o most_o ancient_a town_n of_o england_n all_o city_n be_v borrough_n in_o the_o beginning_n and_o from_o they_o come_v burgess_n to_o the_o parliament_n so_o that_o in_o effect_n if_o a_o ancient_a borough_n ergo_fw-la they_o send_v burgess_n to_o the_o parliament_n all_o these_o ancient_a town_n in_o england_n do_v remain_v of_o record_n in_o the_o exchequer_n 40._o ass_n plac_fw-la 27._o in_o ireland_n they_o do_v remain_v of_o record_n in_o the_o parliament_n roll_n the_o trial_n of_o they_o be_v by_o the_o record_n itself_o and_o not_o otherwise_o if_o a_o town_n send_v burgess_n once_o or_o twice_o it_o be_v title_n enough_o to_o send_v ever_o after_o 11._o henr._n 4._o 2._o so_o if_o a_o peer_n call_v once_o by_o writ_n and_o once_o sit_v as_o a_o peer_n co._n institut_fw-la fol._n 9_o b._n he_o be_v a_o baron_n ever_o after_o in_o the_o four_o ordinary_a court_n they_o have_v privilege_n for_o the_o mean_a of_o their_o member_n or_o servant_n why_o not_o the_o parliament_n it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o ancient_a grave_a judge_n to_o consult_v with_o parliament_n in_o cause_n of_o difficulty_n and_o weight_n a_o parliament_n be_v then_o to_o be_v at_o hand_n they_o do_v not_o stay_v to_o advise_v with_o they_o in_o a_o point_n which_o concern_v the_o parliament_n so_o near_o an_o which_o be_v of_o the_o great_a weight_n of_o any_o cause_n that_o ever_o be_v agitate_a in_o the_o kingdom_n in_o our_o book_n and_o all_o the_o entry_n it_o be_v true_a and_o clear_a that_o quo-warrantoe_n be_v bring_v and_o ought_v to_o be_v bring_v against_o such_o as_o claim_v privilege_n franchise_n royalty_n or_o the_o like_a flower_n of_o the_o crown_n but_o to_o question_v burgess_n in_o this_o nature_n be_v to_o question_v the_o king_n prerogative_n in_o a_o high_a degree_n privilege_n take_v from_o the_o king_n parliament_n add_v and_o give_v unto_o he_o greatness_n and_o profit_n in_o parliament_n he_o sit_v essential_o in_o other_o court_n not_o altogether_o so_o but_o by_o representation_n what_o great_a disservice_n can_v be_v do_v the_o king_n then_o to_o overthrow_v parliament_n how_o shall_v subsidy_n be_v grant_v or_o the_o kingdom_n defend_v how_o shall_v ardua_fw-la regni_fw-la be_v consider_v oh_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n i_o wot_v will_v salve_v all_o these_o doubt_n i_o may_v not_o forget_v my_o lord_n how_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o whole_a commonwealth_n be_v herein_o concern_v and_o upon_o that_o i_o will_v offer_v a_o case_n or_o two_o if_o a_o statute_n be_v make_v wherein_o the_o private_a interest_n of_o a_o subject_n or_o the_o general_a interest_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v enact_v the_o king_n by_o his_o letters-patent_n can_v dispense_v with_o this_o statute_n co._n 8._o 29._o a._o case_n prince_n case_n though_o they_o be_v with_o à _fw-fr non_fw-la obstaute_fw-la nor_o make_v any_o grant_n non_fw-la obstante_fw-la of_o the_o common-law_n therefore_o i_o conclude_v this_o question_n first_o that_o it_o be_v against_o the_o king_n prerogative_n to_o issue_v such_o à _fw-la quo-warranto_fw-la as_o be_v here_o state_v second_o it_o be_v against_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o destructive_a of_o parliament_n and_o consequent_o of_o government_n three_o this_o be_v no_o privilege_n but_o a_o service_n do_v to_o the_o king_n and_o whole_a commonwealth_n which_o can_v receive_v so_o much_o as_o a_o debate_n but_o in_o parliament_n four_o all_o the_o proceed_n in_o the_o excheqver_n touch_v this_o parliament_n be_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la as_o be_v already_o vote_v in_o both_o house_n as_o for_o the_o punishment_n we_o come_v not_o to_o urge_v your_o lordship_n to_o punish_v other_o then_o with_o reference_n to_o that_o which_o i_o say_v before_o viz._n the_o oath_n these_o two_o question_n have_v so_o near_o a_o relation_n quest_n the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o meeting_n in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o castle-chamber_n answ_n that_o i_o will_v speak_v to_o they_o at_o once_o or_o as_o to_o one_o question_n quest_n my_o lord_n answ_n if_o that_o golden_a