bruce_n contra_fw-la james_n bruce_n this_o annualrent_n be_v not_o for_o security_n of_o a_o stock_n the_o like_a be_v find_v of_o a_o liferent_a annualrent_n june_n 18._o 1663._o margaret_n fleming_n contra_fw-la james_n gillis_n 14._o annualrent_n as_o to_o bygone_n be_v movable_a and_o so_o arrestable_a and_o belong_v to_o executor_n december_n 15._o 1630._o ogilvie_n contra_fw-la ogilvie_n yet_o it_o will_v be_v more_o competent_a and_o suitable_a to_o pursue_v it_o personal_o against_o intrometter_n with_o the_o rent_n or_o postessor_n then_o by_o a_o real_a action_n of_o poind_v the_o ground_n annualrent_n be_v suppress_v by_o wodset_n of_o the_o land_n or_o other_o more_o noble_a right_n in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la unless_o that_o right_o be_v evict_v 15._o a_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_a redeemable_a be_v find_v extinct_a by_o a_o renunciation_n registrat_n in_o the_o register_n of_o reversion_n and_o that_o against_o a_o singular_a successor_n though_o there_o be_v no_o resignation_n of_o the_o annualrent_a january_n 7._o 1680._o john_n mcclellan_n contra_fw-la mushet_n a_o annualrent_n be_v also_o find_v extinct_a by_o the_o annualrenter_n intromet_v with_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n out_o of_o which_o the_o annualrent_n be_v payable_a equivalent_a to_o the_o principal_a sum_n for_o security_n whereof_o the_o annualrent_n be_v constitute_v which_o intromission_n be_v sound_a probable_a by_o witness_n though_o it_o be_v silver-rent_a feb._n 4._o 1671._o wishart_n contra_fw-la elizabeth_n arthur_n and_o therefore_o singnlar_a successor_n succeed_v in_o annualrent_n either_o by_o voluntary_a disposition_n or_o by_o apprise_v or_o adjudication_n can_v be_v secure_a by_o inspection_n of_o register_n as_o they_o may_v be_v for_o land_n but_o they_o run_v the_o hazard_n of_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o principal_a sum_n for_o which_o the_o annualrent_n be_v grant_v wherewith_o it_o fall_v in_o consequence_n for_o no_o provident_a man_n will_v buy_v a_o annualrent_a give_v for_o security_n of_o a_o principal_a sum_n but_o either_o upon_o necessity_n for_o satisfy_v a_o prior_n debt_n or_o upon_o great_a advantage_n in_o both_o which_o case_n he_o shall_v take_v his_o hazard_n scire_fw-la debet_fw-la cum_fw-la quo_fw-la contrahit_fw-la as_o all_o purchaser_n of_o personal_a right_n must_v do_v pension_n resemble_v annualrent_n or_o the_o seuda_fw-la ex_fw-la camera_fw-la or_o ex_fw-la cavena_fw-es mention_v by_o the_o feudist_n for_o thereby_o a_o yearly_a rent_n be_v constitute_v to_o be_v pay_v out_o of_o the_o constituents_a land_n general_o or_o particular_o yet_o these_o pension_n not_o have_v infeftment_n have_v but_o the_o nature_n of_o assignation_n and_o so_o be_v not_o valid_a against_o singular_a successor_n 16._o except_o only_o ecclesiastic_a pension_n constitute_v by_o prelate_n which_o be_v valid_a against_o their_o successor_n in_o office_n but_o not_o unless_o they_o be_v clothe_v with_o possession_n or_o decreet_n conform_v in_o the_o constituents_a life_n par._n 1592._o cap._n 137._o and_o so_o a_o pension_n grant_v by_o a_o bishop_n with_o power_n to_o assign_v be_v find_v valid_a to_o the_o assignee_n after_o the_o first_o pensioner_n death_n against_o the_o succeed_a bishop_n and_o to_o be_v no_o dilapidation_n july_n 21._o 1625._o minister_n of_o kirklistoun_n contra_fw-la patrick_n whitelaw_n yea_o though_o the_o pension_n bear_v a_o power_n to_o assign_v etiam_fw-la in_o articulo_fw-la mortis_fw-la december_n 17._o 1628._o chalmers_n contra_fw-la craigievar_n but_o in_o this_o case_n the_o pensioner_n grant_v assignation_n reserve_v his_o own_o life-rent_a or_o to_o take_v effect_n after_o his_o death_n whereby_o both_o might_n at_o once_o have_v interest_n therein_o the_o assignation_n be_v find_v null_a by_o exception_n though_o have_v decreet_a conform_v and_o thirty_o year_n possession_n the_o like_a hope_n assignation_n abernethie_o contra_fw-la lady_n drumlanerk_n but_o now_o by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1606._o cap._n 3._o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n be_v disable_v to_o grant_v pension_n to_o affect_v their_o benefice_n further_o than_o themselves_o have_v right_a to_o the_o benefice_n but_o do_v not_o prejudge_v their_o successor_n in_o office_n yet_o pension_n grant_v by_o benefice_a person_n be_v not_o only_o due_a during_o their_o life_n but_o out_o of_o their_o annat_v after_o their_o death_n february_n 28._o 1628._o bairn_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o galloway_n contra_fw-la andrew_n couper_n 17._o pension_n grant_v by_o secular_a person_n though_o they_o contain_v assignation_n to_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o land_n special_o and_o have_v decreet_a conform_v be_v find_v ineffectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n in_o the_o land_n july_n 9_o 1629._o urquhart_n contra_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o caithness_n december_n 11._o 1662._o andrew_n clappertoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o ednem_fw-la neither_o against_o the_o lady_n tercer_n of_o the_o constituent_a march_v 27._o 1634._o countess_z of_o dumfermling_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o dumsermling_n a_o decreet_a conform_v be_v obtain_v against_o the_o grant_a of_o a_o pension_n his_o tenant_n and_o chamberlain_n be_v effectual_a against_o subsequent_a chamberlain_n without_o new_a decreet_a or_o transference_n yet_o must_v be_v transfer_v against_o the_o constituents_a heir_n and_o his_o chamberlain_n though_o it_o will_v be_v valid_a be_v a_o ecclesiastic_a pension_n against_o his_o successor_n december_n 7._o 1630._o earl_n of_o carrict_a contra_fw-la duke_n of_o lennox_n spot_n hic_fw-la alexander_n weyms_n contra_fw-la chamberlain_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o lennox_n a_o pension_n bear_v for_o love_n and_o special_a service_n do_v and_o to_o be_v do_v be_v find_v effectual_a though_o the_o pensioner_n remove_v and_o do_v not_o that_o service_n his_o removal_n be_v necessary_a by_o transportation_n march_v 25._o 1629._o doctor_n strang_n contra_fw-la lord_n couper_n the_o like_a of_o a_o pension_n grant_v to_o a_o advocate_n for_o service_n do_v and_o to_o be_v do_v which_o be_v find_v valid_a during_o his_o life_n though_o he_o leave_v plead_v december_n 3._o 1662._o mr._n john_n alexander_n contra_fw-la mr._n roderick_n mcleod_n the_o like_a of_o a_o pension_n for_o service_n do_v and_o to_o be_v do_v though_o the_o service_n be_v not_o do_v when_o not_o require_v nor_o be_v it_o exclude_v by_o the_o pensioner_n pursue_v process_n at_o his_o own_o instance_n against_o the_o constituent_a upon_o a_o probable_a ground_n though_o the_o constituent_n be_v assoil_v june_n 26._o 1678._o mr._n william_n weir_n advocate_n contra_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o callendar_n 18._o pension_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n be_v declare_v not_o arrestable_a in_o the_o thesaurers_n hand_n by_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la june_n 11._o 1613._o the_o reason_n thereof_o must_v be_v because_o such_o be_v ordinary_o alimentary_a and_o always_o for_o the_o king_n special_a service_n which_o will_v be_v impede_v by_o hinder_v payment_n of_o the_o pension_n title_n xvi_o liferent_n where_o of_o conjunctfee_n terce_n and_o liferent_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o scotland_n 1._o servitude_n personal_a by_o the_o roman_a law_n 2._o servitude_n personal_a by_o our_o custom_n 3._o clause_n of_o conquest_n of_o liferent_a or_o fee_n of_o land_n acquire_v during_o marriage_n how_o far_o extend_v 4._o all_o liferent_n must_v be_v salva_fw-la rei_fw-la substantia_fw-la 5._o liferenter_n be_v burden_v with_o aliment_n of_o heir_n 6._o liferent_n without_o infeftment_n be_v not_o effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n 7._o the_o effect_n of_o assignation_n to_o liferent_n 8._o liferent_n be_v not_o prejudge_v by_o tack_n or_o other_o deed_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v posterior_n 9_o what_o term_n do_v belong_v to_o liferenter_n 10._o conjunctsee_n 11._o liferenter_n by_o conjunctsee_n have_v all_o the_o casualty_n of_o superiority_n 12._o terce_n 13._o service_n of_o terce_n 14._o ken_n to_o terce_n 15._o the_o effect_n of_o terce_n 16._o the_o extent_n of_o terce_n 17._o exception_n against_o terce_n 18._o burden_n of_o terce_n 19_o liferent_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o scotland_n 20._o public_a burden_n from_o the_o feudal_n right_n of_o property_n we_o proceed_v to_o servitude_n burden_v the_o 〈◊〉_d these_o be_v either_o personal_a or_o real_a personal_a servitude_n be_v whereby_o the_o property_n of_o one_o be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o person_n of_o another_o real_a servitude_n be_v whereby_o a_o tenement_n be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o another_o tenement_n and_o to_o person_n but_o as_o and_o while_o they_o have_v right_o to_o the_o tenement_n dominant_a as_o thirleage_v pasturage_n way_n passage_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o like_a servitude_n personal_a for_o term_n of_o life_n be_v therefore_o call_v liferent_n servitude_n for_o a_o indefinite_a time_n be_v such_o which_o either_o may_v or_o use_n to_o be_v constitute_v for_o a_o long_o or_o short_a time_n such_o be_v pension_n ecclesiastic_a rental_n and_o tack_n which_o though_o they_o be_v in_o their_o nature_n but_o personal_a right_n yet_o by_o statute_n or_o custom_n they_o have_v the_o effect_n of_o real_a right_n of_o which_o
cheislie_n feb._n 21._o 1666._o lord_n borthwick_n contra_fw-la his_o wodsetter_n feb._n 21._o 1666._o ogilvie_n contra_fw-la 10._o but_o where_o in_o wodset_n there_o be_v a_o condition_n of_o the_o neversion_n that_o a_o tack_v shall_v be_v grant_v for_o year_n after_o redemption_n that_o tack_v be_v not_o find_v take_v away_o by_o the_o act_n debtor_n and_o creditor_n but_o that_o if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o term_n of_o the_o old_a act_n par._n 1449._o cap._n 19_o far_o within_o the_o true_a avail_n it_o be_v usurary_a and_o null_a february_n 15._o 1666._o lord_n lie_v contra_fw-la porteous_n february_n 17._o 1672._o douglass_n of_o mortoun_n contra_fw-la and_o verner_n in_o which_o case_n the_o tack_v be_v sustain_v if_o it_o be_v not_o much_o within_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o land_n as_o it_o be_v the_o time_n of_o grant_v the_o wodset_n albeit_o it_o be_v much_o within_o the_o worth_a the_o time_n of_o the_o redemption_n because_o there_o be_v a_o just_a design_n in_o such_o tack_n to_o encourage_v the_o wodsetter_n to_o meliorat_a the_o wodset_a land_n and_o be_v at_o expense_n therefore_o see_v he_o will_v retain_v the_o same_o after_o the_o redemption_n for_o the_o old_a rent_n they_o be_v worth_a when_o wodset_n and_o the_o rend_v express_v in_o the_o tack_v will_v be_v presume_v to_o be_v the_o true_a rent_n unless_o the_o contrary_n be_v prove_v but_o such_o a_o wodset_n grant_v to_o a_o brother_n for_o his_o portion_n wherein_o the_o wodsetter_n be_v exclude_v from_o possession_n during_o a_o liferenters_n life_n the_o tack_v be_v sustain_v jan._n 21._o 1662._o laird_n of_o polwart_n contra_fw-la home_n 11._o but_o if_o there_o be_v a_o back-tack_n of_o the_o land_n grant_v by_o the_o wodsetter_n to_o the_o reverser_n or_o for_o his_o behoof_n or_o a_o provision_n to_o count_v for_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n or_o to_o hold_v the_o land_n at_o such_o a_o rent_n it_o be_v a_o improper_a wodset_n 12._o a_o public_a wodset_n which_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o constituent_v superior_a require_v beside_o the_o reversion_n a_o regress_n which_o be_v a_o obligement_n upon_o the_o superior_a to_o receive_v and_o enter_v the_o reverse_a his_o vassal_n again_o upon_o the_o redemption_n the_o necessity_n whereof_o be_v because_o by_o the_o infeftment_n though_o of_o wodset_n the_o constituent_n be_v denude_v and_o the_o superior_a have_v a_o new_a vassal_n in_o who_o place_n he_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o accept_v any_o other_o but_o by_o his_o own_o consent_n craig_n lib._n 2._o diege_n 6._o move_v this_o question_n whether_o a_o public_a wodset_n be_v redeem_v and_o the_o reverse_a reseased_n therein_o it_o will_v be_v account_v heretage_n or_o conquest_n and_o though_o it_o seem_v conquest_n because_o it_o be_v a_o new_a infeftment_n and_o not_o the_o old_a yet_o he_o well_o resolve_v that_o if_o it_o return_v to_o the_o person_n or_o heir_n of_o he_o who_o be_v first_o infeft_v if_o it_o be_v heretage_n before_o it_o remain_v so_o but_o if_o a_o assignee_n to_o the_o reversion_n and_o regress_n be_v inse_v it_o be_v true_o conquest_n 13._o it_o remain_v now_o to_o consider_v the_o destitution_n of_o wodset_n and_o how_o they_o cease_v and_o this_o be_v either_o by_o consent_n or_o by_o law_n by_o consent_n either_o when_o the_o reversion_n be_v discharge_v whereby_o the_o infeftment_n become_v irredeemable_a and_o cease_v to_o be_v a_o wodset_n which_o discharge_v of_o the_o reversion_n be_v not_o effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n unless_o registrat_n conform_v to_o the_o say_a act_n of_o parl._n 1617._o cap._n 16._o or_o otherways_o by_o voluntary_a redemption_n of_o the_o wodset_n which_o must_v be_v registrat_n by_o the_o say_a act_n or_o else_o it_o prejudge_v no_o singular_a successor_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o effectual_a to_o denude_v the_o wodsetter_n unless_o if_o the_o wodset_n be_v base_a there_o be_v a_o resignation_n ad_fw-la remanentiam_fw-la in_o the_o reversers_n hand_n as_o superior_a or_o if_o it_o be_v public_a that_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o wodset_n be_v reseased_n and_o a_o renunciation_n without_o a_o new_a infeftment_n be_v not_o sufficient_a hope_n alienation_n kinross_n contra_fw-la durie_n november_n 23._o 1627._o dumbar_n contra_fw-la wilson_n but_o if_o the_o reverser_n or_o his_o predecessor_n be_v infeft_v a_o renunciation_n may_v exclude_v the_o renucer_n right_o but_o will_v not_o establish_v it_o in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o reverser_n but_o he_o must_v brook_v by_o his_o own_o right_n hope_n alienation_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la mcaddam_n where_o wodset_n be_v take_v hold_v of_o the_o superior_a regress_n be_v also_o take_v from_o the_o superior_a and_o new_a infeftment_n thereupon_o to_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o wodset_n but_o when_o neversion_n be_v carry_v by_o assignation_n apprising_n or_o adjudication_n to_o these_o who_o be_v never_o infeft_v they_o must_v not_o only_o have_v a_o renunciation_n from_o the_o wodseter_n but_o a_o procuratory_n of_o resignation_n that_o thereby_o they_o may_v be_v infeft_v in_o which_o case_n the_o wodset-right_a be_v not_o extinct_a but_o convey_v and_o the_o wodsetter_n be_v their_o author_n and_o may_v not_o resuse_v procuratory_n of_o resignation_n or_o charter_n for_o confirmation_n upon_o the_o redemption_n and_o if_o the_o wodset-land_n be_v not_o ward_n he_o must_v grnt_a precept_n of_o seasine_n for_o infeft_v the_o reverser_n hold_v of_o the_o wodsetter_n and_o if_o infeftment_n follow_v thereupon_o and_o the_o seasine_a be_v registrate_n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n to_o registrate_n the_o renunciation_n or_o grant_n of_o redemption_n so_o that_o a_o renunciation_n or_o grant_n of_o redemption_n be_v registrate_n exclude_v posterior_n deed_n of_o the_o wodsetter_n who_o yet_o continue_v in_o the_o fee_n and_o the_o casuality_n will_v fall_v by_o his_o death_n or_o deed_n voluntar_n redemption_n be_v not_o so_o safe_a be_v use_v against_o pupil_n and_o minor_n who_o tutor_n and_o curator_n ought_v to_o proceed_v legal_o in_o infeftment_n so_o likewise_o in_o a_o wodset_n to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n and_o their_o heir_n a_o voluntar_n redemption_n by_o the_o husband_n be_v not_o find_v sufficient_a to_o to_o prejudge_v the_o wife_n who_o consent_v not_o july_n 14._o and_o 17._o 1610._o lord_n cathcart_n contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 14._o wodset_n be_v take_v off_o legal_o when_o the_o reversion_n be_v legal_o annul_v as_o by_o declarator_n of_o expyre_v thereof_o for_o thereby_o the_o infeftment_n become_v irredeemable_a but_o be_v chief_o by_o a_o legal_a redemption_n which_o do_v require_v a_o order_n of_o redemption_n and_o a_o declarator_n thereupon_o which_o must_v be_v diverse_o use_v in_o legal-reversion_n and_o in_o conventional-reversion_n 15._o the_o order_n of_o redemption_n of_o apprizing_n and_o adjudication_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o legal_a reversion_n be_v valide_fw-la by_o premonition_n and_o consignation_n and_o instrument_n take_v thereupon_o wherein_o there_o be_v not_o appoint_v a_o determinat_fw-la time_n upon_o which_o the_o premonition_n must_v be_v make_v or_o a_o determinate_a place_n where_o the_o consignation_n must_v be_v make_v nor_o the_o person_n of_o the_o consignator_n but_o the_o premonition_n may_v be_v upon_o any_o number_n of_o day_n sufficient_a for_o the_o consignation_n yea_o though_o it_o be_v the_o same_o day_n of_o the_o premonition_n as_o craig_n observe_v but_o if_o the_o creditor_n be_v personal_o apprehend_v the_o consignation_n must_v be_v in_o the_o way_n most_o to_o his_o advantage_n which_o therefore_o he_o may_v prescrive_v be_v either_o near_o the_o place_n of_o premonition_n or_o the_o land_n wodset_n or_o the_o paroch_n kirk_n where_o they_o lie_v which_o craig_n account_v competent_a place_n or_o if_o he_o choose_v any_o other_o more_o advantage_n to_o the_o consigner_n it_o will_v be_v sufficient_a but_o if_o he_o choose_v none_o the_o premonisher_n must_v either_o consign_v that_o day_n where_o he_o find_v the_o creditor_n or_o if_o not_o that_o day_n or_o if_o he_o use_v premonition_n at_o his_o dwellinghouse_n he_o must_v consign_v either_o at_o the_o appryzers_n dwellinghouse_n or_o paroch_n kirk_n where_o the_o land_n lie_v as_o say_v be_v if_o the_o creditor_n be_v out_o of_o the_o country_n or_o have_v no_o certain_a abode_n letter_n of_o premonition_n will_v be_v obtain_v from_o the_o lord_n periculo_fw-la petentis_fw-la for_o premonition_n upon_o sixty_o day_n at_o the_o cross_n of_o edinburgh_n and_o for_o consignation_n to_o be_v make_v in_o edinburgh_n yea_o the_o order_n be_v sustain_v for_o redemption_n of_o a_o apprize_a near_o expyre_v albeit_o the_o consignation_n be_v only_o at_o edinburgh_n and_o not_o at_o the_o paroch_n kirk_n where_fw-mi the_o land_n lay_v or_o at_o the_o debtor_n dwellinghouse_n he_o be_v out_o of_o the_o country_n feb._n 22._o 1631._o murray_n contra_fw-la lord_n yester_n but_o where_o the_o party_n be_v in_o the_o country_n this_o order_n by_o summons_n of_o
adjudication_n and_o appryzing_n as_o they_o be_v legal_a execution_n and_o of_o the_o order_n and_o solemnity_n requisite_a to_o they_o as_o such_o but_o only_o as_o they_o be_v conveyance_n of_o real_a right_n wherein_o we_o shall_v consider_v first_o upon_o what_o ground_a appryzing_n proceed_v second_o against_o what_o right_n they_o be_v competent_a three_o what_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o process_n or_o decreet_a of_o apprize_a without_o further_a diligence_n four_o what_o be_v the_o effect_n thereof_o when_o further_a diligence_n be_v use_v five_o what_o be_v the_o effect_n thereof_o when_o infeftment_n be_v obtain_v and_o last_o in_o what_o manner_n it_o cease_v and_o become_v extinct_a 14._o as_o to_o the_o first_o apprize_a be_v a_o appretiation_n and_o judicial_a vendition_n of_o the_o thing_n apprise_v from_o the_o debtor_n to_o the_o creditor_n and_o as_o in_o all_o vendition_n there_o must_v be_v merx_fw-la and_o pretium_fw-la or_o the_o price_n in_o numerat_a money_n for_o if_o the_o mutual_a consist_v in_o any_o thing_n else_o it_o be_v not_o sale_n but_o exchange_n therefore_o the_o ground_n of_o apprize_a must_v be_v numerate_v and_o current_a money_n and_o if_o original_o it_o be_v not_o so_o it_o must_v be_v liquidat_fw-la before_o apprize_a can_v proceed_v neither_o can_v it_o proceed_v but_o upon_o a_o decreet_a establish_v the_o debt_n by_o registration_n or_o otherways_o in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o appryzer_n active_a and_o of_o the_o debtor_n passive_a yet_o a_o assignee_n intimate_v before_o the_o cedent_n death_n may_v appryze_v summary_o without_o action_n establish_v the_o debt_n in_o his_o person_n as_o have_v be_v show_v title_n assignation_n neither_o can_v apprize_a proceed_v upon_o heritable_a bond_n unless_o the_o same_o have_v be_v make_v movable_a by_o requisition_n or_o charge_n and_o therefore_o be_v find_v null_n proceed_v upon_o a_o heritable_a sum_n bear_v a_o clause_n of_o annualrent_n though_o payable_a without_o requisition_n upon_o a_o single_a charge_n of_o six_o day_n see_v that_o charge_n be_v not_o give_v july_n 20._o 1622._o john_n cranstoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o eastnisbit_a hope_v obligation_n alexander_n mowat_n contra_fw-la the_o creditor_n of_o john_n richardson_n john_n cranstoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o lugtoun_n but_o posterior_n decision_n have_v run_v in_o the_o contrair_n that_o if_o the_o sum_n be_v payable_a without_o requisition_n apprize_a might_n proceed_v thereupon_o without_o a_o charge_n as_o well_o as_o poind_v or_o arrestment_n july_n 4._o 1627._o edgar_z and_o johnstoun_n contra_fw-la findlason_n july_n 10._o 1629._o clackmannan_n contra_fw-la barroun_n in_o which_o case_n the_o principal_a sum_n be_v payable_a at_o a_o precise_a term_n and_o no_o mention_n of_o any_o term_n or_o time_n thereafter_o and_o yet_o be_v apprise_v for_o after_o that_o term_n january_n 25._o 1642._o john_n seatoun_n contra_fw-la james_n loch_n but_o if_o infeftment_n have_v follow_v or_o requisition_n be_v requisite_a the_o sum_n must_v be_v make_v movable_a before_o apprize_a but_o other_o sum_n though_o by_o destination_n heretable_n yet_o have_v summar_n execution_n by_o the_o party_n consent_n apprize_a be_v sustain_v thereupon_o 15._o as_o to_o the_o second_o point_n against_o what_o right_n appryzing_n extend_v first_o though_o letter_n of_o appryzing_n contain_v power_n to_o poynd_a movable_n which_o must_v be_v search_v for_o yet_o that_o which_o be_v proper_o call_v apprize_a extend_v to_o no_o movable_n but_o only_o to_o heritable_a right_n as_o land_n annualrent_n liferent_n tack_n reversion_n heritable_a bond_n july_n 25._o 1623._o earl_n of_o errel_n contra_fw-la buckie_n and_o therefore_o it_o extend_v not_o to_o the_o mail_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o apprise_v land_n before_o the_o apprize_a feb._n 14._o 1623._o saltcoats_n contra_fw-la home_n the_o like_a though_o the_o question_n be_v against_o the_o debtor_n himself_o and_o that_o the_o style_n of_o the_o appyze_a bore_n all_o right_n that_o the_o debtor_n have_v to_o the_o land_n to_o be_v apprise_v march_v 13._o 1627._o mackre_n of_o balmagie_n contra_fw-la livingstoun_n and_o where_o a_o annualrent_n be_v apprise_v it_o extend_v not_o to_o the_o by-gone_a annualrent_n which_o be_v movable_a but_o these_o be_v movable_a be_v arrestable_a neither_o do_v it_o extend_v to_o the_o duty_n after_o denunciation_n and_o before_o apprize_a feb._n 16._o 1633._o harper_n contra_fw-la cockburn_n and_o johnstoun_n apprize_a be_v extend_v to_o all_o heritable_a right_n though_o they_o be_v not_o provide_v to_o assigney_n but_o to_o the_o debtor_n and_o his_o heir_n only_o or_o fail_v such_o heir_n to_o return_v and_o therefore_o public_a utility_n and_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o creditor_n make_v it_o more_o effectual_a than_o any_o voluntar_n disposition_n or_o assignation_n can_v be_v so_o a_o apprize_a be_v found_v to_o carry_v a_o right_n though_o not_o grant_v to_o assigney_n hope_v apprize_a john_n brown_n contra_fw-la fssilmont_n of_o buckie_n and_o a_o husband_n grant_v right_o to_o his_o wife_n but_o with_o provision_n that_o she_o shall_v renounce_v it_o if_o he_o require_v it_o in_o his_o own_o life_n allennerly_a a_o creditor_n of_o his_o apprize_a that_o land_n and_o require_v the_o wife_n to_o renunce_v be_v find_v to_o have_v right_a thereto_o spot_n apprize_a lady_n huttonhal_n contra_fw-la cranstoun_n of_o moristoun_n a_o apprize_a of_o the_o ground_n right_o and_o property_n of_o land_n and_o all_o other_o right_n etc._n etc._n carry_v not_o only_o the_o property_n but_o all_o other_o real_a right_n or_o obliegement_n for_o grant_v thereof_o and_o though_o no_o infeftment_n follow_v the_o apprize_a so_o conceive_a will_v carry_v any_o right_n which_o require_v not_o infeftment_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v special_o denunce_v and_o apprise_v june_n 19_o 1635._o james_n rule_n contra_fw-la alexander_n home_n 16._o to_o come_v now_o to_o the_o three_o point_n concern_v the_o efficacy_n of_o the_o process_n and_o decreet_a of_o apprize_a without_o further_a diligence_n and_o first_o it_o have_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o assignation_n without_o necessity_n of_o intimation_n and_o carry_v all_o right_n which_o require_v not_o infeftment_n to_o transmit_v they_o as_o liferent_n reversion_n tack_n and_o so_o a_o apprize_a be_v found_v to_o carry_v the_o legal_a of_o a_o anterior_a apprize_a though_o the_o denunciation_n whereupon_o it_o proceed_v be_v anterior_a to_o the_o denunciation_n whereupon_o the_o first_o apprize_a proceed_v and_o thereby_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o denunciation_n of_o the_o second_o apprize_a neither_o be_v the_o first_o apprize_a in_o be_v neither_o the_o denunciation_n thereof_o and_o so_o can_v not_o be_v denunce_v or_o apprise_v yet_o the_o denunciation_n of_o the_o ground-right_a and_o all_o right_n competent_a or_o that_o may_v be_v competent_a to_o the_o debtor_n be_v find_v to_o carry_v the_o reversion_n of_o the_o say_v first_o apprize_a novem._n 18._o 1624._o doctor_n kincaid_n contra_fw-la james_n halyburtoun_n 17._o though_o second_o appryzing_n carry_v the_o legal_a reversion_n of_o anterior_a appryzing_n without_o infeftment_n yet_o infeftment_n be_v frequent_o take_v thereupon_o that_o the_o posterior_n appryzer_n may_v have_v interest_n thereby_o to_o reduce_v or_o quarrel_v the_o anterior_a appryzing_n and_o to_o pursue_v for_o mail_n and_o duty_n or_o remove_v if_o the_o anterior_a appryzer_n shall_v forbear_v 18._o the_o second_o effect_n of_o apprize_a be_v that_o the_o debtor_n be_v thereby_o so_o far_o divest_v that_o after_o his_o death_n infeftment_n may_v be_v take_v by_o the_o appryzer_n without_o transfer_v or_o infeft_v the_o debtor_n heir_n novemb_n 20._o 1624._o lag_a contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n so_o likewise_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o appryzer_n die_v before_o allowance_n or_o infeftment_n upon_o supplication_n obtain_v allowance_n from_o the_o lord_n and_o letter_n to_o charge_v the_o superior_a to_o receive_v he_o spot_n hic_fw-la alexander_n frazer_n supplicant_n the_o like_a be_v grant_v by_o the_o appryzer_n assignee_n march_v 22._o 1626._o collace_n contra_fw-la lord_n elphingstoun_n yea_o a_o appryzer_n do_v obtain_v allowance_n and_o varrand_n to_o charge_v the_o heir_n of_o the_o superior_a contain_v in_o the_o first_o allowance_n be_v dead_a decem._n 5._o 1628._o laird_n of_o corsbie_n contra_fw-la kilsyth_n from_o this_o ground_n it_o be_v that_o a_o apprize_a exclude_v prior_n assignation_n grant_v by_o the_o debtor_n to_o the_o mail_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o land_n apprise_v as_o to_o term_n after_o the_o apprize_a hope_v assignation_n george_n meldrum_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o anstruther_n 19_o and_o when_o a_o apprize_a be_v lead_v before_o a_o husband_n death_n it_o exclude_v his_o wife_n from_o a_o terce_n hope_v appryzing_n james_n chrightoun_n contra_fw-la relict_n of_o john_n cranstoun_n where_o he_o do_v also_o observe_v it_o to_o exclude_v a_o subsequent_a ward_n in_o respect_n the_o superior_a give_v a_o charter_n upon_o the_o apprize_a in_o his_o vassal_n life_n
his_o marriage_n which_o be_v dissolve_v within_o year_n and_o day_n by_o the_o wife_n death_n be_v find_v void_a see_v the_o father_n persist_v not_o therein_o but_o infeft_v his_o second_o son_n july_n 15._o 1678._o lord_n burley_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o fairny_n and_o a_o tocher_n pay_v within_o the_o year_n be_v 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v repay_v without_o any_o deduction_n for_o the_o wife_n entertainment_n during_o the_o marriage_n but_o only_o for_o her_o clothes_n which_o be_v before_o the_o marriage_n and_o her_o funeral_n charge_n which_o be_v after_o the_o marriage_n be_v dissolve_v february_n 23._o 1681._o janet_n gordoun_n contra_fw-la thomas_n inglis_n but_o gift_n give_v to_o the_o marry_a person_n by_o the_o friend_n of_o both_o be_v divide_v equal_o the_o marriage_n be_v dissolve_v within_o year_n and_o day_n january_n 14._o 1679._o wauch_n contra_fw-la jamison_n but_o if_o a_o live_a child_n be_v bear_v the_o marriage_n be_v find_v valide_fw-la though_o both_o mother_n and_o child_n die_v within_o the_o year_n spot_n husband_n and_o wife_n stuart_n contra_fw-la irving_n the_o reason_n why_o the_o child_n must_v be_v hear_v cry_n be_v to_o make_v certain_a its_o lively_a ripeness_n and_o not_o to_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o conjecture_n of_o the_o witness_n and_o therefore_o it_o suffice_v not_o though_o they_o do_v declare_v that_o the_o child_n be_v live_v immediate_o before_o the_o birth_n and_o appear_v lively_a and_o full_a ripe_a when_o it_o be_v bear_v but_o that_o it_o be_v stifle_v in_o the_o birth_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o sandeland_n and_o thores_fw-la yet_o a_o wife_n infeftment_n be_v find_v valid_a till_o her_o tocher_n be_v repay_v though_o the_o marriage_n dissolve_v within_o the_o year_n july_n 20._o 1664._o petrie_n contra_fw-la paul_n but_o where_o a_o marriage_n continue_v a_o year_n and_o a_o part_n of_o the_o next_o day_n after_o the_o year_n the_o tocher_n be_v find_v not_o to_o return_v no_o in_o favorabilibus_fw-la dies_fw-la ceptus_fw-la habetur_fw-la pro_fw-la completo_fw-la february_n 25._o 1680._o george_n waddel_n contra_fw-la george_n salmond_n 16._o marriage_n dissolve_v by_o divorce_n either_o upon_o wilful_a non-adherence_a or_o wilful_a desertion_n or_o by_o adultery_n and_o the_o party_n injurer_n lose_v all_o benefit_n accrue_v through_o the_o marriage_n as_o be_v express_o provide_v by_o the_o foresay_a act_n of_o parliament_n concern_v non-adherence_a 1533._o cap._n 55._o but_o the_o party_n injure_v have_v the_o same_o benefit_n as_o by_o the_o other_o natural_a death_n as_o be_v find_v march_v 21._o 1637._o lady_n manderstoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o rentoun_n but_o if_o divorce_n follow_v upon_o impotency_n all_o thing_n return_v hinc_fw-la inde_fw-la because_o in_o effect_n there_o be_v no_o marriage_n as_o be_v find_v earl_n of_o eglintoun_n contra_fw-la lady_n eglintoun_n 17._o by_o the_o dissolution_n of_o marriage_n there_o arise_v to_o marry_a person_n not_o only_o these_o right_n which_o by_o voluntar_n contract_n be_v constitute_v to_o either_o and_o which_o be_v not_o proper_a here_o but_o also_o these_o which_o by_o law_n and_o custom_n be_v competent_a without_o any_o special_a convention_n or_o covenant_n and_o these_o be_v either_o upon_o the_o part_n of_o the_o husband_n or_o more_o frequent_o upon_o the_o part_n of_o the_o wife_n to_o the_o husband_n be_v competent_a the_o life-rent_a of_o the_o wife_n heretage_n which_o because_o it_o be_v peculiar_a unto_o these_o nation_n it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o courtesy_n of_o scotland_n or_o england_n to_o the_o wife_n arise_v her_o share_n of_o the_o movable_n which_o be_v the_o half_a where_o the_o man_n have_v no_o child_n in_o familia_fw-la and_o the_o three_o where_o there_o be_v such_o and_o her_o terce_n which_o be_v the_o three_o part_n of_o his_o land_n during_o her_o life_n but_o of_o reversion_n heritable_a bond_n disposition_n or_o right_n of_o land_n without_o infeftment_n and_o of_o teind_n or_o tack_n or_o tenement_n within_o burgh_n the_o relict_n have_v no_o terce_n these_o right_n of_o terce_n and_o courtesy_n fall_v in_o to_o be_v consider_v among_o the_o feudal_n right_n and_o the_o relic_n three_o or_o half_a of_o movable_n in_o the_o succession_n of_o movable_n wherein_o it_o be_v a_o concomitant_a and_o regulate_v according_a to_o that_o which_o be_v proper_a succession_n either_o of_o child_n or_o other_o though_o as_o to_o the_o wife_n it_o be_v rather_o a_o division_n of_o that_o community_n of_o good_n movable_a that_o be_v competent_a to_o the_o marry_a person_n during_o the_o marriage_n and_o therefore_o shall_v be_v insist_v on_o no_o further_a here_o but_o leave_v to_o these_o place_n and_o we_o shall_v proceed_v to_o the_o next_o kind_n of_o obediential_a obligation_n and_o natural_a right_n which_o intervene_v betwixt_o parent_n and_o child_n law_n and_o custom_n have_v favour_v and_o privilege_a wife_n in_o many_o case_n propter_fw-la fragilitatem_fw-la sexus_fw-la they_o be_v free_a from_o obliegement_n for_o sum_n of_o money_n and_o from_o personal_a execution_n by_o horning_n or_o caption_n if_o it_o be_v not_o for_o criminal_a cause_n their_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v preferable_a to_o other_o personal_a creditor_n february_n 8._o 1662._o thomas_n crawford_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o murray_n their_o share_n of_o their_o husband_n movable_n be_v not_o burden_v with_o the_o husband_n heritable_a debt_n december_n 28._o 1668._o margaret_n mckenzie_n contra_fw-la robertson_n july_n 19_o 1664._o elizabeth_n scrimzour_n contra_fw-la murrays_n yea_o gratuitous_a movable_a bond_n grant_v by_o a_o husband_n payable_a at_o his_o death_n whereby_o the_o whole_a executry_n will_v be_v exhaust_v and_o the_o wife_n have_v no_o share_n have_v no_o other_o provision_n the_o same_o be_v not_o find_v to_o affect_v the_o wife_n share_n but_o otherways_o such_o bond_n grant_v in_o liege_n poustie_n without_o fraud_n be_v find_v to_o come_v off_o the_o hail_n head_n and_o not_o off_o the_o dead_n part_n only_o december_n 8._o 1675._o thomson_n contra_fw-la executor_n of_o eleistoun_n and_o a_o wife_n be_v find_v not_o exclude_v from_o her_o share_n of_o her_o husband_n movable_n by_o a_o gratuitous_a disposition_n by_o her_o husband_n to_o his_o brother_n of_o all_o sum_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v at_o his_o death_n january_n 10._o 1679._o grant_v contra_fw-la grant_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o infeftment_n and_o provision_n of_o wife_n be_v effectual_a although_o the_o tocher_n which_o be_v the_o mutual_a cause_n thereof_o be_v not_o pay_v she_o not_o be_v oblige_v therefore_o herself_o though_o the_o contract_n bear_v that_o the_o tocher_n be_v pay_v it_o shall_v be_v employ_v to_o the_o wife_n use_n july_n 5._o 1665._o mackie_n contra_fw-la stuart_n the_o like_a though_o the_o contract_n bear_v that_o the_o husband_n shall_v employ_v the_o tocher_n for_o the_o wife_n in_o life-rent_a albeit_o the_o tocher_n be_v lose_v through_o the_o father_n insolvency_n june_n 11._o 1670._o margaret_n hunter_n contra_fw-la creditor_n of_o john_n peter_n the_o like_a though_o the_o contract_n bear_v that_o the_o wife_n shall_v have_v no_o benefit_n while_o the_o tocher_n shall_v be_v full_o pay_v if_o the_o tocher_n can_v be_v recover_v by_o the_o husband_n diligence_n november_n 21._o 1671._o marry_o menzies_n contra_fw-la john_n corbet_n on_o the_o same_o ground_n a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n bear_v the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o tocher_n to_o the_o wife_n fail_v child_n albeit_o conceive_v passive_a and_o not_o that_o the_o husband_n be_v to_o pay_v the_o same_o or_o do_v diligence_n therefore_o yet_o the_o husband_n be_v find_v liable_a to_o pay_v the_o half_a of_o the_o tocher_n although_o it_o be_v not_o recover_v unless_o he_o have_v do_v the_o diligence_n of_o a_o provident_a man_n which_o be_v find_v employ_v in_o his_o duty_n and_o trust_n as_o husband_n the_o wife_n be_v in_o potestate_fw-la viri_fw-la july_n 14._o 1676._o jean_n lockhart_n and_o raploch_n her_o spouse_n contra_fw-la james_n bonar_n and_o though_o husband_n have_v no_o communion_n in_o the_o habiliment_n and_o ornament_n of_o the_o wife_n which_o can_v be_v affect_v for_o his_o debt_n yet_o she_o have_v her_o share_n of_o the_o habiliment_n of_o the_o husband_n which_o fall_v in_o his_o executry_n and_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v all_o account_n for_o her_o habiliment_n suitable_a to_o her_o quality_n but_o where_o the_o wife_n have_v a_o alimentary_a provision_n for_o her_o habiliment_n ornament_n and_o her_o other_o use_v the_o husband_n have_v furnish_v they_o and_o receive_v that_o sum_n be_v not_o find_v liable_a to_o repay_v the_o same_o to_o her_o executour_n february_n 2._o 1667._o executour_n of_o the_o lady_n piltoun_n contra_fw-la hay_n of_o balhousie_n wife_n have_v not_o only_o a_o half_a or_o three_o of_o their_o husband_n movable_n when_o they_o survive_v but_o have_v their_o aliment_n till_o the_o next_o term_n after_o the_o husband_n
law_n reject_v pactum_fw-la legis_fw-la commissoriae_fw-la which_o we_o call_v a_o clause_n irritant_fw-la whereby_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o if_o the_o debt_n be_v not_o pay_v at_o such_o a_o time_n the_o reversion_n shall_v be_v void_a our_o custom_n do_v not_o annul_v such_o clause_n but_o by_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la november_n 27._o 1592._o it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o lord_n will_v decide_v in_o all_o clause_n irritant_fw-la in_o infeftment_n bond_n and_o tack_n according_a to_o the_o express_a word_n and_o meaning_n thereof_o precise_o yet_o the_o lord_n allow_v such_o clause_n to_o be_v purge_v by_o performance_n before_o sentence_n declare_v the_o clause_n irritant_fw-la commit_v in_o which_o process_n though_o it_o be_v commit_v long_o before_o yet_o by_o payment_n at_o the_o bar_n it_o will_v be_v purge_v even_o though_o the_o party_n after_o the_o irritancy_n get_v possession_n hope_n clause_n irritant_fw-la john_n edgar_n contra_fw-la gordoun_n of_o earlestoun_n yea_o though_o the_o wodsetter_n have_v obtain_v a_o decreet_a of_o remove_v two_o year_n after_o the_o failzie_a against_o which_o reposition_n be_v grant_v pay_v all_o damnage_n and_o interest_n july_n 8._o 1636._o cleghorn_n contra_fw-la ferguson_n and_o albeit_o the_o money_n be_v not_o ready_a to_o purge_v at_o the_o bar_n so_o that_o the_o failzie_n be_v declare_v yet_o it_o be_v supercee_v extract_n for_o a_o time_n that_o it_o may_v be_v purge_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n february_n 7._o 1628._o pringle_n contra_fw-la ker._n but_o where_o the_o requisition_n be_v on_o nine_o score_n day_n there_o be_v no_o time_n grant_v after_o the_o decreet_a to_o purge_v july_n 19_o 1625._o nairn_n contra_fw-la naper_n this_o clause_n be_v so_o odious_a that_o it_o be_v elide_v by_o the_o wodsetters_n possession_n of_o a_o part_n of_o the_o land_n and_o thereby_o get_v a_o part_n of_o the_o annualrent_a march_v 18._o 1629._o barcley_n contra_fw-la stevinson_n the_o like_a by_o accept_v of_o payment_n of_o annualrent_a after_o failzie_n hope_n clause_n irritant_fw-la nasmith_n contra_fw-la kinloch_n the_o like_a by_o payment_n of_o annualrent_n or_o by_o compensation_n therewith_o ibid._n barns_n contra_fw-la barcley_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n and_o our_o custom_n be_v because_o impignoration_n be_v a_o permutative_a contract_n wherein_o equality_n be_v mean_v and_o require_v and_o clause_n irritant_fw-la be_v redact_v to_o equality_n respect_n be_v not_o have_v to_o the_o term_n and_o expression_n of_o the_o contract_n but_o to_o the_o thing_n true_o do_v and_o therefore_o though_o sale_n of_o land_n with_o reversion_n be_v express_v yet_o if_o there_o be_v not_o a_o competent_a equivalent_a price_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o real_a and_o proper_a sale_n but_o only_o a_o wodset_n under_o that_o conception_n the_o clause_n irritant_fw-la have_v no_o further_a effect_n than_o be_v before_o express_v but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o true_a sale_n and_o competent_a price_n the_o clause_n irritant_fw-la be_v not_o penal_a but_o have_v its_o full_a effect_n but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v still_o purgeable_a till_o declarator_n which_o therefore_o be_v necessary_a even_o though_o the_o clause_n irritant_fw-la bear_v that_o the_o reversion_n shall_v be_v null_a without_o declarator_n for_o the_o remee_n of_o the_o exorbitancy_n of_o such_o clause_n irritant_fw-la 61._o impignoration_n be_v either_o express_a by_o the_o explicit_a consent_n of_o party_n or_o implicit_a which_o be_v introduce_v by_o law_n without_o consent_n of_o party_n of_o such_o tacit_a hypothecation_n there_o have_v be_v many_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o in_o the_o ware_n for_o the_o price_n in_o house_n for_o expense_n in_o preservation_n or_o melioration_n or_o for_o money_n lend_v for_o that_o use_n to_o a_o wife_n in_o the_o good_n of_o her_o husband_n for_o her_o tocher_n to_o pupil_n and_o minor_n in_o the_o good_n of_o their_o tutor_n and_o curator_n for_o their_o duty_n and_o administration_n to_o pupil_n in_o the_o good_n of_o their_o mother_n be_v their_o tutrix_n or_o in_o the_o good_n of_o her_o second_o husband_n if_o she_o do_v not_o make_v a_o account_n and_o procure_v a_o new_a tutor_n before_o her_o marriage_n to_o legator_n in_o the_o good_n of_o executor_n to_o the_o fisk_n for_o their_o tribute_n or_o their_o contract_n to_o city_n in_o the_o good_n of_o their_o administrator_n but_o our_o custom_n have_v take_v away_o express_a hypothecation_n of_o all_o or_o a_o part_n of_o the_o debtor_n good_n without_o delivery_n and_o in_o the_o tacit_a legal_a hypothecation_n have_v only_o allow_v a_o few_o allow_v ordinary_o party_n to_o be_v prefer_v according_a to_o the_o priority_n of_o their_o legal_a diligence_n that_o commerce_n may_v be_v the_o more_o sure_a and_o every_o one_o may_n more_o easy_o know_v his_o condition_n with_o who_o he_o contract_v and_o therefore_o good_n sell_v be_v not_o find_v under_o any_o hypothecation_n for_o the_o price_n june_n 14._o 1676._o thomas_n cushney_n contra_fw-la john_n crystie_n yet_o with_o we_o there_o remain_v the_o tacit_a hypothecation_n of_o the_o fruit_n on_o the_o ground_n in_o the_o first_o place_n and_o they_o not_o satisfy_v the_o good_n on_o the_o ground_n belong_v to_o the_o possessor_n for_o the_o term_n or_o the_o year_n when_o the_o crop_v be_v on_o the_o ground_n but_o not_o for_o prior_n or_o past_a year_n and_o therefore_o all_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n or_o their_o assigney_n have_v right_o to_o the_o mail_n and_o duty_n have_v interest_n to_o recover_v the_o rent_n thereof_o from_o all_o intromettor_n with_o the_o fruit_n rent_n or_o profit_n thereof_o though_o upon_o a_o title_n unless_o their_o title_n be_v preferable_a or_o at_o least_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n this_o be_v extend_v to_o intromettor_n though_o they_o buy_v the_o corn_n which_o grow_v on_o the_o ground_n in_o public_a mercat_n at_o zule_n albeit_o the_o heretor_fw-la have_v poynd_v a_o part_n of_o the_o crop_n for_o the_o rent_n of_o a_o prior_n year_n unless_o at_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n candlemas_n there_o be_v sufficient_a fruit_n on_o the_o ground_n to_o satisfy_v the_o rent_n march_v 29._o 1639._o da_z marry_o hay_o contra_fw-la archibald_n elliot_n second_o it_o be_v extend_v to_o intromettor_n with_o the_o crop_v and_o good_n of_o the_o ground_n though_o they_o lawful_o poynd_v the_o same_o from_o the_o tenant_n for_o their_o just_a debt_n nic._n in_o quibus_fw-la causis_fw-la pignus_fw-la etc._n etc._n earl_n of_o wintoun_n contra_fw-la barcley_n unless_o they_o leave_v as_o much_o upon_o the_o ground_n as_o may_v satisfy_v the_o rent_n beside_o the_o household_n stuff_n july_n 25._o 1623._o february_n 3._o 1624._o hay_o contra_fw-la keith_n the_o like_a wherein_o the_o present_a crop_v be_v not_o account_v but_o leave_v for_o the_o subsequent_a rent_n of_o which_o the_o term_n be_v not_o come_v june_n 29._o 1624._o polwart_n contra_fw-la three_o it_o be_v extend_v that_o thereby_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n may_v summary_o stop_v poind_v unless_o sufficient_a good_n be_v leave_v to_o pay_v the_o rent_n beside_o the_o plenish_n of_o the_o house_n february_n 3._o 1624._o arrocks_n bairn_n contra_fw-la keith_n four_o this_o be_v extend_v against_o the_o donatar_n of_o the_o tenant_n escheat_n intromet_v thereby_o who_o be_v find_v liable_a though_o no_o action_n be_v move_v by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n for_o seven_o year_n in_o the_o say_a case_n hay_o contra_fw-la keith_n the_o like_a be_v sustain_v as_o to_o the_o good_n of_o the_o possessor_n of_o house_n invecta_fw-la &_o illata_fw-la for_o house-maile_n for_o all_o intromettor_n therewith_o be_v liable_a and_o the_o good_n may_v be_v stop_v from_o poind_v for_o the_o possessor_n debt_n without_o deforcement_n be_v invecta_fw-la &_o illata_fw-la but_o this_o extend_v only_o to_o one_o year_n or_o two_o term_n mail_n december_n 7._o 1630._o dick_n contra_fw-la land_n but_o the_o hypothecation_n of_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v great_a then_o of_o the_o tenant_n other_o good_n for_o the_o fruit_n be_v liable_a according_a to_o the_o value_n thereof_o for_o the_o rent_n though_o there_o remain_v other_o good_n sufficient_a to_o pay_v the_o rent_n on_o the_o ground_n see_v there_o remain_v not_o sufficient_a fruit_n to_o pay_v the_o same_o march_z ult_n 1624._o lady_n down_o and_o her_o spouse_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o down_n this_o hypothecation_n of_o the_o fruit_n for_o the_o rent_n be_v extend_v to_o a_o town_n set_v their_o custom_n even_o against_o the_o sub-tacksman_a not_o bind_v to_o the_o town_n who_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o tacksmans_n creditor_n in_o a_o double_a poynd_n january_n 31._o 1665._o anderson_n and_o proven_n contra_fw-la the_o town_n of_o edinburgh_n it_o be_v also_o extend_v to_o the_o seller_n of_o fish_v against_o the_o donatar_n of_o the_o tacks-mans_n escheat_n who_o be_v find_v liable_a to_o restore_v
the_o witness_n insert_v make_v a_o strong_a probation_n to_o return_v to_o seasines_n propriis_fw-la manibus_fw-la by_o husband_n to_o wife_n without_o warrant_n or_o adminicle_n in_o write_v they_o be_v not_o general_o probative_a except_o in_o such_o case_n as_o have_v be_v now_o express_v hope_n seasine_n bell_n and_o morison_n contra_fw-la thomson_n laird_n of_o coldingknow_v contra_fw-la dam_n helen_n hereis_n 20._o but_o for_o the_o further_o secure_v of_o infeftment_n and_o land-rights_a that_o excellent_a statute_n which_o before_o be_v attempt_v be_v at_o last_o perfect_v par._n 1617._o cap._n 16._o whereby_o all_o seasine_n reversion_n regress_n bond_n or_o write_v for_o make_v of_o reversion_n and_o regress_v assignation_n thereto_o and_o discharge_v thereof_o renunciation_n of_o wodset_n and_o grant_v of_o redemption_n not_o be_v registrat_n in_o a_o peculiar_a register_n appoint_v for_o that_o end_n or_o in_o case_n of_o consign_v renunciation_n and_o grant_v of_o redemption_n in_o process_n within_o 60_o day_n next_o after_o the_o decreet_a ordain_v the_o same_o to_o be_v give_v up_o to_o the_o party_n have_v right_o thereto_o or_o at_o least_o within_o 60_o day_n after_o seize_v take_v of_o the_o land_n or_o right_n to_o which_o the_o reversion_n relate_v it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o say_n seasine_n and_o other_o write_v shall_v make_v no_o faith_n in_o judgement_n by_o action_n or_o exception_n in_o prejudice_n of_o a_o three_o party_n who_o have_v acquire_v a_o perfect_a and_o lawful_a right_n to_o the_o say_n land_n and_o heritage_n without_o prejudice_n to_o make_v use_n of_o these_o right_n against_o the_o grant_a and_o his_o heir_n but_o there_o be_v except_v reversion_n contain_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o infeftment_n and_o all_o seasines_n reversion_n etc._n etc._n of_o tenement_n within_o burgh_n 21._o and_o to_o make_v land-rights_a yet_o more_o secure_a because_o the_o former_a act_n do_v not_o require_v registration_n of_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n in_o the_o superior_n hand_n adremanentiam_fw-la whereby_o purchaser_n be_v not_o secure_a but_o that_o the_o land_n acquire_v by_o they_o may_v have_v be_v resign_v or_o renounce_v to_o the_o superior_a whereby_o their_o author_n fie_o become_v extinct_a without_o necessity_n of_o new_a infeftment_n be_v consolidat_fw-la with_o the_o superiority_n whereby_o the_o superior_n infeftment_a carry_v both_o superiority_n and_o property_n therefore_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n not_o be_v registrat_n be_v declare_v null_n yet_o with_o exception_n of_o tenement_n hold_v burgage_n and_o therefore_o a_o seasine_a within_o burgh_n be_v sustain_v though_o not_o find_v in_o the_o town_n book_n june_n 30._o 1668._o mr._n robert_n burnet_n contra_fw-la swan_n february_n 11._o 1681._o francis_n irw_v contra_fw-la corsan_fw-la upon_o consideration_n of_o this_o case_n the_o lord_n by_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la ordain_v the_o burrows_n to_o take_v sufficient_a caution_n oftheir_o town_n clerk_n present_a and_o to_o come_v to_o insert_v in_o their_o book_n all_o seasine_n give_v by_o they_o of_o the_o tenement_n within_o burgh_n and_o all_o reversion_n or_o bond_n for_o grant_v reversion_n assignation_n thereto_o and_o discharge_v thereof_o renunciation_n and_o grant_n of_o redemption_n and_o that_o within_o 60._o day_n after_o the_o give_v of_o seasine_n or_o present_v to_o they_o of_o the_o reversion_n or_o other_o foresaid_n and_o that_o under_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o damnage_n of_o any_o party_n acquire_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la for_o onerous_a cause_n by_o such_o latent_fw-la right_n though_o prior_n declare_v that_o they_o will_v hold_v all_o such_o seasines_n reversion_n etc._n etc._n to_o be_v give_v hereafter_o and_o not_o insert_v in_o the_o town_n book_n in_o manner_n foresay_a to_o be_v latent_fw-la and_o fraudulent_a keep_v up_o of_o design_n to_o ensnare_v lawful_a purchaser_n but_o there_o be_v now_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n require_v the_o insert_v of_o seasine_n within_o burgh_n in_o the_o town-clerk_n book_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o under_o the_o same_o certification_n as_o be_v require_v to_o the_o registration_n of_o seasines_n without_o burgh_n 22._o and_o for_o the_o further_a security_n of_o land-rights_a because_o appryse_v or_o adjudication_n with_o a_o charge_n of_o horning_n thereupon_o against_o the_o superior_a make_v for_o some_o time_n a_o real_a right_n therefore_o a_o abbreviat_fw-la of_o apprysing_n contain_v in_o the_o allowance_n thereof_o write_v on_o the_o back_n of_o the_o same_o and_o sign_v by_o two_o of_o the_o lord_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v registrat_n in_o a_o particular_a register_n for_o that_o purpose_n within_o 60._o day_n after_o the_o date_n of_o the_o appryse_v with_o certification_n that_o any_o other_o appryse_v though_o posterior_n in_o date_n yet_o first_o allow_v and_o registrat_n shall_v be_v prefer_v parliament_n 1661._o cap._n 31._o which_o be_v extend_v to_o adjudication_n parliament_n 1672._o cap._n 19_o but_o this_o relate_v only_o to_o the_o new_a form_n of_o adjudication_n than_o introduce_v in_o place_n of_o appryse_v but_o for_o the_o old_a adjudication_n upon_o there_o nunciation_n of_o heir_n or_o implement_n of_o disposition_n neither_o statute_n nor_o custom_n have_v yet_o clear_v whether_o these_o will_v be_v effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n from_o their_o date_n or_o from_o the_o charge_n against_o the_o superior_a or_o only_o from_o the_o seasine_n thereupon_o which_o as_o all_o other_o seasines_n must_v be_v registrat_n and_o if_o the_o lord_n do_v sustain_v these_o from_o the_o charge_n it_o will_v make_v a_o defect_n in_o the_o security_n of_o land-rights_a till_o it_o be_v supply_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o for_o further_a security_n of_o land-rights_a because_o they_o may_v be_v reduce_v upon_o inhibition_n or_o interdiction_n therefore_o these_o if_o not_o registrat_n be_v also_o null_a and_o in_o respect_n horning_n continue_v unrelax_v year_n and_o day_n after_o the_o denunciation_n the_o superior_a have_v the_o fee_n during_o the_o life_n of_o the_o vassal_n denunce_v therefore_o horn_v if_o not_o registrat_n be_v also_o incumbent_a and_o the_o act_n of_o prescription_n exclude_v all_o prior_n right_n precede_v 40._o year_n unless_o they_o have_v obtain_v possession_n or_o do_v digence_n therefore_o by_o interruption_n which_o must_v be_v repeat_v every_o five_o year_n or_o else_o they_o be_v null_a and_o must_v also_o be_v execute_v by_o a_o messenger_n so_o that_o where_o before_o a_o citation_n make_v interruption_n which_o continue_v for_o forty_o year_n which_o may_v much_o insecure_a purchaser_n they_o can_v now_o last_v but_o five_o year_n in_o which_o short_a time_n the_o noise_n thereof_o may_v ready_o reach_v purchaser_n so_o that_o if_o purchaser_n get_v a_o progress_n of_o infeftment_n for_o forty_o year_n he_o may_v by_o the_o register_n know_v it_o there_o be_v any_o real_a right_n that_o can_v affect_v the_o fee_n within_o that_o time_n and_o have_v no_o more_o to_o inquire_v but_o as_o to_o interruption_n within_o five_o year_n which_o if_o the_o lord_n appoint_v to_o pass_v only_o upon_o bill_n it_o may_v be_v find_v at_o the_o signet_n so_o that_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n no_o nation_n have_v so_o much_o security_n of_o irredeemable_a land-rights_a as_o we_o have_v it_o be_v true_a redeemable_a right_n be_v not_o so_o secure_a because_o they_o may_v be_v evacuat_a by_o order_n of_o redemption_n which_o proceed_v by_o instrument_n of_o premonition_n and_o consignation_n which_o require_v no_o registration_n and_o therefore_o purchaser_n of_o appryzing_n or_o adjudication_n during_o the_o legal_a reversion_n be_v in_o hazard_n of_o any_o order_n of_o redemption_n or_o summons_n for_o count_n and_o reckon_a and_o likewise_o these_o who_o purchase_v wodset_n or_o infeftment_n of_o property_n or_o annualrent_a for_o security_n of_o sum_n run_v the_o hazard_n of_o satisfaction_n and_o payment_n of_o these_o sum_n by_o intromission_n or_o otherways_o wherein_o there_o be_v little_a inconveniency_n for_o no_o man_n shall_v purchase_v a_o redeemable_a right_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o reverser_n but_o upon_o his_o hazard_n or_o if_o there_o be_v any_o reversion_n reservation_n or_o real_a burden_n in_o his_o author_n right_a sibi_fw-la imputet_fw-la it_o be_v his_o fault_n and_o negligence_n if_o he_o do_v not_o see_v it_o and_o secure_v himself_o against_o it_o the_o question_n may_v occur_v here_o if_o the_o keeper_n of_o the_o register_n of_o seasine_n do_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n mark_v the_o seasine_a registrat_n and_o attest_v the_o same_o by_o his_o subscription_n and_o yet_o by_o negligence_n or_o fraud_n shall_v not_o insert_v it_o in_o the_o register_n whether_o in_o that_o case_n a_o purchaser_n bona_fw-la fide_fw-la for_o cause_n onerous_a though_o infeft_v thereafter_o will_v be_v exclude_v by_o that_o prior_n infeftment_n mark_v by_o the_o clerk_n not_o record_v though_o nothing_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o this_o case_n if_o seasines_n mark_v registrat_n
have_v unwarrantable_o refuse_v to_o enter_v if_o the_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n insist_v in_o his_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n for_o possession_n but_o he_o may_v forbear_v to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n and_o if_o holy_fw-mi long_o out_o without_o further_a diligence_n he_o will_v be_v presume_v to_o have_v relinquish_v his_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n and_o posterior_n right_n and_o diligence_n will_v be_v prefer_v but_o if_o he_o enter_v in_o possession_n no_o posterior_n infeftment_n or_o diligence_n will_v exclude_v he_o although_o he_o insist_v no_o further_o but_o the_o charge_n of_o horning_n and_o it_o have_v not_o occur_v to_o be_v determine_v how_o long_o that_o right_n will_v subsist_v without_o infeftment_n but_o it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o the_o superior_a will_v not_o be_v exclude_v from_o the_o casualty_n of_o superiority_n by_o his_o former_a vassal_n if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v in_o the_o fault_n in_o refuse_v to_o enter_v when_o the_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n offer_v he_o a_o charter_n with_o a_o year_n rend_v of_o the_o land_n or_o annualrent_a of_o the_o sum_n adjudge_v or_o apprise_v for_o this_o be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o ward_n february_n 9_o 1669._o black_a contra_fw-la david_n trinch_n neither_o be_v a_o superior_a find_v to_o have_v interest_n to_o exclude_v a_o appryzer_n from_o possession_n till_o he_o pay_v a_o year_n rent_n but_o that_o he_o may_v possess_v during_o the_o legal_a if_o he_o insist_v not_o for_o infeftment_n which_o insinuat_v that_o after_o expyre_v of_o the_o legal_a the_o superior_a may_v hinder_v the_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n to_o continue_v in_o possession_n till_o he_o take_v infeftment_n and_o pay_v a_o year_n rend_v but_o during_o the_o legal_a the_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n be_v but_o as_o a_o legal_a assignation_n to_o the_o mail_n and_o duty_n so_o that_o the_o appryzer_n can_v be_v force_v to_o take_v infeftment_n till_o the_o legal_a expyre_n and_o the_o land_n become_v irredeemable_o his_o own_o and_o then_o he_o be_v to_o pay_v a_o year_n rend_v but_o in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v no_o charge_n upon_o the_o apprize_a december_n 3._o 1672._o mr._n hendry_n hay_o contra_fw-la laird_n of_o earlestoun_n albeit_o in_o the_o case_n of_o johnstoun_n contra_fw-la the_o tenant_n of_o auchincorse_n july_n 22._o 1665._o the_o appryzer_n have_v charge_v the_o superior_a though_o he_o do_v not_o then_o obey_v yet_o appear_v in_o the_o process_n of_o mail_n and_o duty_n he_o offer_v now_o to_o receive_v the_o appryzer_n and_o therefore_o the_o appryzer_n be_v exclude_v till_o he_o pay_v the_o year_n rend_v which_o be_v under_o consideration_n of_o the_o lord_n in_o the_o posterior_n case_n of_o mr._n henry_n hay_o they_o resolve_v to_o give_v the_o apyryzer_n his_o option_n within_o the_o legal_a to_o take_v infeftment_n or_o not_o so_o that_o the_o charge_n do_v only_o hinder_v other_o to_o preveen_n but_o do_v not_o exclude_v the_o superior_a from_o any_o casuality_n of_o the_o superiority_n fall_v by_o his_o former_a vassal_n unless_o he_o have_v be_v in_o culpa_fw-la refuse_v the_o appryzer_n entry_n insist_v orderly_o to_o be_v enter_v which_o be_v a_o great_a advantage_n both_o to_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n not_o to_o have_v the_o accession_n of_o a_o year_n rend_v till_o the_o ancient_a right_n may_v be_v discover_v and_o that_o it_o may_v appear_v whether_o the_o apprize_a become_v a_o absolute_a right_n the_o main_a division_n of_o infeftment_n be_v in_o relation_n to_o the_o hold_v be_v in_o ward_n blench_v feu_n burgage_n and_o mortification_n 31._o a_o infeftment_n ward_n have_v its_o denomination_n from_o ward_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a casuality_n befalling_a to_o the_o superior_a thereby_o it_o be_v the_o most_o proper_a feudal_n right_o we_o have_v and_o therefore_o wherever_o the_o hold_n appear_v not_o or_o be_v unclear_a there_o ward-holding_a be_v understand_v it_o be_v ordinary_o express_v by_o render_v service_n use_v and_o wont_a and_o if_o the_o reddendo_fw-la be_v not_o express_v in_o name_n of_o blensh_fw-mi or_o feu_fw-fr ferm_n though_o it_o bear_v payment_n of_o some_o duty_n yet_o ward_n be_v infer_v as_o by_o a_o charter_n bear_v sex_n dinarios_fw-la nomine_fw-la cana_fw-la with_o a_o tax_v marriage_n so_o also_o it_o be_v infer_v by_o a_o reddendo_fw-la bear_v a_o particular_a duty_n payable_a at_o whitsunday_n and_o martimass_n cum_fw-la servitiis_fw-la in_o curiis_fw-la nostris_fw-la &_o alibi_fw-la debitis_fw-la &_o consuetis_fw-la hope_n de_fw-fr feudi_fw-la renovatione_fw-la williamson_n contra_fw-la thomson_n the_o main_a importance_n of_o a_o ward-holding_a be_v indefinite_a service_n to_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o vassal_n to_o his_o superior_a and_o especial_o in_o war_n but_o that_o be_v now_o little_a in_o use_n the_o main_a effect_n of_o it_o be_v the_o ward_n and_o marriage_n of_o the_o vassal_n of_o which_o hereafter_o 32._o ward_n land_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o proper_a feudal_n right_n may_v not_o be_v alienat_fw-la by_o the_o vassal_n grant_v any_o subaltern_a infeftment_n thereof_o otherways_o not_o only_o the_o subaltern_a infeftment_n be_v void_a but_o the_o vassal_n grant_a thereof_o his_o own_o infeftment_n become_v void_a by_o recognition_n yet_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1457._o cap._n 72._o all_o feus_n to_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n prelate_n baron_n or_o freeholders_n be_v allow_v and_o declare_v not_o to_o fall_v in_o ward_n as_o be_v but_o heritable_a assedation_n as_o the_o act_n bear_v pay_v to_o the_o superior_a during_o the_o ward_n the_o feu-duty_n provide_v the_o land_n be_v set_v to_o a_o competent_a avail_n without_o prejudice_n to_o the_o king_n which_o be_v ordinary_o interpret_v to_o be_v the_o retoured_a duty_n the_o same_o be_v repeat_v par._n 1503._o cap._n 91._o and_o extend_v not_o only_o to_o subaltern_a infeftment_n feu_n but_o also_o of_o annualrent_n so_o that_o it_o be_v without_o diminution_n of_o the_o rental_a which_o in_o land_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n by_o secular_a man_n be_v the_o retoured_a mail_n and_o in_o the_o king_n property_n and_o in_o kirk-land_n be_v the_o full_a rental_a they_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o subaltern_a infeftment_n which_o therefore_o the_o feus_n may_n not_o diminish_v and_o the_o annualrent_n may_v not_o be_v so_o great_a as_o to_o exhaust_v the_o land_n that_o the_o rental_a remain_v not_o free_a this_o last_o act_n be_v temporal_a for_o that_o king_n life_n and_o therefore_o the_o extension_n as_o to_o annualrent_n cease_v though_o the_o first_o act_n express_v that_o the_o king_n will_v ratify_v all_o feus_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n immediate_a vassal_n yet_o the_o act_n bear_v that_o the_o king_n thereby_o will_v give_v good_a example_n to_o the_o rest_n viz._n to_o other_o superior_n and_o therefore_o a_o feu_n of_o ward-land_n grant_v by_o a_o vassal_n hold_v ward_n of_o a_o subject_a before_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1606._o be_v find_v valid_a though_o without_o the_o superior_n consent_n june_n 24._o 1668._o stuart_n of_o torrence_n contra_fw-la fevar_n of_o ernock_n this_o privilege_n be_v take_v away_o as_o to_o all_o superior_n and_o their_o vassal_n except_o the_o vassal_n of_o the_o king_n who_o only_o may_v grant_v subaltern_a infeftment_n of_o their_o ward_n land_n par._n 1606._o cap._n 12._o whereby_o all_o such_o subaltern_a infeftment_n of_o their_o ward-land_n be_v declare_v null_n by_o exception_n or_o reply_n unless_o the_o superior_n consent_v be_v obtain_v and_o therefore_o the_o superior_n consent_v in_o the_o disposition_n by_o a_o vassal_n to_o a_o sub-vassal_n be_v find_v to_o exclude_v the_o vassal_n ward_n so_o far_o as_o concern_v the_o sub-vassal_n though_o it_o be_v a_o redeemable_a feu_fw-fr july_n 2._o 1672._o earl_n of_o eglintoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o greenock_n the_o same_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o vassal_n of_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n who_o be_v thereby_o also_o exclude_v from_o set_v of_o feus_n of_o ward-land_n to_o sub-vassal_n par._n 1633._o cap._n 16._o but_o the_o vassal_n of_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n be_v restore_v to_o their_o former_a privilege_n and_o the_o say_a act_n 1633._o whole_o repeal_v parliament_n 1641._o cap._n 58._o which_o now_o be_v rescind_v par._n 1661._o cap._n 15._o yet_o the_o land_n set_v in_o feu_n during_o the_o time_n of_o these_o several_a act_n now_o repeal_v be_v valid_a so_o ward-land_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n may_v not_o be_v set_v in_o feu_n nor_o of_o any_o other_o superior_n except_o bishop_n and_o their_o chapter_n for_o these_o may_v set_v feus_n for_o a_o feu-duty_n equivalent_a to_o the_o retour_fw-fr par._n 1621._o cap._n 9_o but_o this_o act_n be_v only_o temporary_a for_o three_o year_n and_o therefore_o subaltern_a infeftment_n grant_v by_o vassal_n if_o of_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o ward-land_n infer_v recognition_n thereof_o
find_v liable_a to_o the_o liferenter_fw-la for_o the_o true_a worth_n of_o the_o liferent-land_n and_o not_o according_a as_o he_o set_v they_o though_o they_o be_v never_o set_v before_o except_o the_o appryzer_n have_v set_v the_o land_n whole_o or_o near_o to_o the_o worth_n march_v 9_o 1631._o lady_n huttonhall_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o moristoun_n and_o touch._n 9_o a_o liferenter_n executor_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_a to_o the_o mertimas_n term_n though_o the_o liferenter_fw-la die_v upon_o the_o mertimas_n day_n in_o the_o afternoon_n february_n 16._o 1642._o executor_n of_o the_o lady_n bruntoun_n contra_fw-la heir_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o glasgow_n and_o they_o have_v right_a to_o the_o whole_a crop_v and_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n labour_v and_o sow_v by_o themselves_o or_o which_o be_v in_o mansing_n and_o not_o set_v to_o tenant_n though_o the_o liferenter_fw-la die_v before_o mertimas_n december_n 14._o 1621._o william_n 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la james_n nisbit_n a_o liferenter_n executor_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_a to_o the_o whole_a year_n rend_v of_o a_o miln_n liferent_v by_o she_o she_o have_v survive_v martimas_n and_o that_o miln_n rent_n be_v not_o due_a de_fw-fr die_v in_o diem_fw-la but_o as_o land-rent_n not_o as_o house_n mail_n though_o the_o conventional_a term_n of_o the_o miln_n rent_n be_v after_o martimas_n viz._n one_o term_n at_o candlemess_n after_o the_o separation_n and_o the_o other_o at_o whitsonday_n thereafter_o july_n 20._o 1671._o guthry_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o mckerstoun_n but_o a_o liferenter_fw-la infeft_v in_o a_o annualrent_a of_o victual_n provide_v to_o be_v pay_v yearly_o betwixt_o zule_n and_o candlemess_n her_o husband_n have_v die_v after_o martimas_n and_o before_o candlemess_n she_o be_v find_v to_o have_v no_o share_n of_o her_o annualrent_a for_o that_o crop_v january_n 12._o 1681._o katherine_n trotter_n lady_n craigli_v contra_fw-la rochhead_n lady_n prestoungrange_n 10._o a_o conjunctfee_n or_o conjunct-infeftment_a be_v that_o which_o be_v grant_v to_o more_o person_n joint_o which_o if_o it_o be_v provide_v to_o they_o and_o their_o heir_n simple_o it_o make_v they_o and_o their_o heir_n to_o have_v equal_a right_n pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la and_o they_o be_v all_o equal_o fiar_n and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o any_o of_o they_o their_o portion_n belong_v to_o their_o heir_n but_o the_o liferent_a of_o the_o deceass_v accress_v not_o to_o the_o surviver_n but_o when_o conjunct-infeftments_a be_v provide_v to_o husband_n and_o wife_n the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o two_o and_o their_o heir_n there_o the_o law_n presume_v that_o the_o heir_n be_v the_o man_n heir_n and_o by_o that_o interpretation_n the_o wife_n by_o the_o conjunctfee_n be_v but_o liferenter_fw-la and_o general_o heir_n of_o man_n and_o wife_n in_o all_o thing_n except_o movable_a right_n be_v ever_o understand_v to_o be_v the_o man_n heir_n propter_fw-la eminentiam_fw-la masculini_fw-la sexus_fw-la so_o be_v it_o find_v in_o a_o assignation_n to_o a_o reversion_n grant_v to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n and_o their_o heir_n that_o thereby_o the_o man_n heir_n first_o these_o of_o the_o marriage_n and_o next_o his_o other_o heir_n whatsoever_o be_v understand_v hope_v husband_n and_o wife_n walter_n collestoun_n contra_fw-la pitfoddel_n yet_o though_o this_o be_v presumptio_fw-la juris_fw-la it_o admit_v contrary_a more_o pregnant_a evidence_n as_o a_o reversion_n grant_v to_o a_o man_n and_o wife_n and_o their_o heir_n find_v to_o constitute_v the_o wife_n fire_n because_o she_o be_v heretrix_fw-la of_o the_o wodset_a land_n hope_v liferent_a kincaid_n contra_fw-la menzies_n of_o pitfoddel_n but_o to_o prevent_v this_o question_n the_o provision_n ordinary_o be_v to_o the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o two_o and_o their_o heir_n whilk_n fail_v to_o such_o particular_a heir_n express_v whereby_o these_o be_v common_o esteem_v fiar_n who_o heir_n what_o some_o ever_o be_v substitute_n and_o yet_o a_o sum_n provide_v to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n and_o the_o heir_n betwixt_o they_o whilk_n fail_v to_o divide_v betwixt_o the_o man_n and_o wife_n heir_n be_v find_v not_o to_o constitute_v the_o wife_n fire_n of_o the_o half_a but_o only_o liferenter_fw-la and_o the_o wife_n heir_n of_o line_n to_o be_v heir_n of_o provision_n to_o the_o man_n and_o that_o the_o sum_n be_v disposeable_a by_o he_o and_o arrestable_a by_o his_o creditor_n january_n 29._o 1639._o graham_n contra_fw-la park_n and_o gerdon_n so_o strong_a be_v this_o presumption_n that_o there_o be_v no_o more_o mean_v to_o be_v grant_v to_o wife_n but_o their_o liferent-right_a and_o no_o part_n of_o the_o fee_n unless_o the_o provision_n bear_v express_o a_o power_n to_o the_o wife_n to_o dispone_n and_o if_o it_o be_v adject_v at_o any_o time_n during_o her_o life_n the_o fee_n will_v remain_v in_o the_o man_n and_o that_o power_n in_o the_o wife_n will_v rather_o be_v understand_v as_o a_o faculty_n like_v to_o the_o power_n give_v to_o commissioner_n to_o dispone_n land_n than_o a_o act_n of_o property_n unless_o that_o the_o provision_n bear_v a_o power_n to_o the_o wife_n and_o her_o heir_n to_o dispone_n but_o a_o conjunctfee_n to_o future_a spouse_n of_o conquest_n during_o the_o marriage_n in_o these_o term_n the_o one_o half_a thereof_o to_o be_v dispone_v upon_o as_o the_o wife_n shall_v think_v fit_a be_v in_o a_o minute_n of_o contract_n express_v no_o heir_n but_o be_v a_o short_a draught_n the_o lady_n be_v of_o great_a quality_n have_v about_o 22000._o mark_n yearly_a in_o liferent_a beside_o money_n and_o movable_n and_o the_o husband_n be_v a_o nobleman_n son_n have_v gain_v a_o estate_n of_o 7000._o mark_n yearly_a in_o the_o ware_n which_o he_o have_v least_o the_o clause_n be_v find_v to_o be_v understand_v and_o extend_v so_o as_o to_o make_v both_o future_a spouse_n equal_a fiar_n see_v the_o conquest_n be_v main_o to_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o wife_n liferent_a june_n 27._o 1676._o earl_n of_o dumfermling_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o callender_n if_o a_o conjunct-infeftment_a be_v grant_v to_o two_o or_o more_o the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o and_o express_v no_o heir_n but_o a_o liferent_a to_o they_o all_o the_o same_o accress_v to_o the_o surviver_n or_o if_o it_o be_v a_o right_n of_o land_n or_o annualrent_n to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o two_o and_o to_o their_o son_n name_v and_o his_o heir_n the_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n be_v both_o liferenter_n and_o the_o son_n be_v fire_n only_o unless_o the_o right_n be_v for_o security_n of_o sum_n of_o money_n and_o then_o the_o person_n name_v be_v but_o as_o heir_n substitute_n the_o father_n be_v fire_n even_o though_o the_o son_n be_v infeft_v with_o the_o father_n and_o mother_n january_n 14._o 1663._o thomas_n bog_n contra_fw-la sir_n thomas_n nicolson_n july_n 23._o 1675._o moor_n of_o anistoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o lamingtoun_n 11._o the_o main_a difference_n betwixt_o conjunct-fee_n and_o other_o life-rent_n be_v that_o the_o conjunct-fiar_n though_o by_o interpretation_n liferenter_fw-la only_a and_o so_o may_v not_o alienat_fw-la or_o waste_v yet_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n and_o custom_n they_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o all_o casualty_n befalling_a during_o their_o life_n and_o may_v dispose_v thereof_o which_o will_v not_o only_o be_v effectual_a during_o their_o life_n but_o simple_o for_o that_o individual_a casuality_n so_o conjunct-fiars_a may_v receive_v and_o enter_v the_o heir_n of_o vassal_n and_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o their_o ward_n nonentry_n liferent-escheat_n and_o may_v grant_v gift_n thereof_o effectual_o even_o as_o to_o the_o time_n after_o their_o death_n so_o also_o a_o conjunct-siar_a infeft_v with_o her_o husband_n in_o land_n cum_fw-la sylvis_n be_v find_v thereby_o to_o have_v right_a to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o wood_n for_o she_o and_o her_o tenant_n use_n january_n 10._o 1610._o hunter_n and_o other_o contra_fw-la relict_n of_o gadgirth_n vide_fw-la title_n 13._o §_o 41._o liferenter_n have_v not_o these_o casualty_n of_o superiority_n yet_o a_o baron_n have_v dispone_v his_o barony_n reserve_v his_o liferent_a be_v thereby_o find_v to_o have_v right_a to_o receive_v the_o heir_n of_o his_o vassal_n but_o not_o singular_a successor_n january_n 11._o 1611._o crawfurd_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o glaspen_n and_o there_o be_v reason_n that_o the_o fire_n dispone_v with_o reservation_n to_o himself_o whereby_o his_o own_o infeftment_n stand_v pro_fw-la tanto_fw-la shall_v have_v great_a power_n than_o a_o liferent_a apart_o or_o by_o reservation_n not_o be_v before_o infeft_v conjunctfee_n though_o public_a as_o ordinary_o they_o be_v and_o thereby_o as_o to_o the_o superior_a the_o fee_n be_v full_a and_o the_o casualty_n of_o ward_n and_o nonentry_n exclude_v yet_o the_o heir_n may_v enter_v to_o the_o property_n and_o compel_v the_o superior_a to_o
receive_v he_o 12._o terce_n be_v the_o three_o of_o the_o tenement_n in_o which_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n provide_v to_o his_o wife_n survive_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n though_o there_o be_v no_o provision_n or_o paction_n for_o that_o purpose_n the_o original_n hereof_o as_o have_v be_v show_v before_o among_o the_o interest_n of_o marriage_n be_v from_o that_o obligation_n upon_o the_o husband_n to_o provide_v for_o his_o wife_n which_o therefore_o positive_a law_n have_v determine_v to_o a_o three_o of_o his_o movable_n if_o there_o be_v child_n in_o the_o family_n and_o if_o there_o be_v none_o to_o a_o half_a but_o in_o either_o case_n she_o have_v a_o three_o of_o his_o tenement_n and_o though_o as_o craig_n observe_v by_o our_o ancient_a custom_n terce_n extend_v only_o to_o a_o three_o of_o the_o tenement_n a_o husband_n have_v the_o time_n of_o the_o marriage_n yet_o since_o it_o extend_v to_o a_o three_o of_o those_o he_o stand_v infeft_v in_o as_o of_o fee_n the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n and_o so_o when_o he_o be_v denude_v before_o his_o death_n the_o terce_n be_v exclude_v yea_o a_o base_a infeftment_n without_o possession_n grant_v by_o a_o husband_n to_o his_o creditor_n be_v find_v to_o exclude_v his_o wife_n from_o a_o terce_n of_o that_o land_n january_n 27._o 1669._o bell_n of_o belford_n contra_fw-la lady_n rutherford_n this_o provision_n of_o law_n be_v more_o equitable_a and_o proportionable_a then_o ordinary_o be_v their_o provision_n by_o contract_n of_o the_o husband_n who_o be_v carry_v with_o affection_n do_v ofttimes_o provide_v his_o wife_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o their_o child_n and_o ruin_n of_o their_o estate_n which_o this_o terce_n keep_v always_o proportionable_a and_o make_v the_o wife_n sharer_n of_o the_o industry_n and_o fortune_n of_o the_o man_n and_o therefore_o more_o careful_a over_o it_o and_o upon_o the_o contrary_a give_v out_o but_o small_a provision_n to_o their_o wife_n at_o their_o marriage_n when_o ofttimes_o they_o do_v but_o begin_v to_o have_v estate_n which_o they_o increase_v not_o according_a to_o the_o increase_n of_o their_o fortune_n but_o the_o law_n do_v more_o fit_o order_v the_o wife_n provision_n to_o be_v increase_v or_o decrease_v according_a to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o man_n 13._o the_o terce_n take_v place_n ordinary_o where_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n and_o it_o have_v no_o effect_n till_o the_o widow_n take_v brieve_v out_o of_o the_o chancelery_n direct_v to_o sheriff_n or_o baily_n to_o call_v a_o inquest_n of_o fifteen_o swear_a man_n and_o thereby_o to_o serve_v the_o brieve_n which_o have_v two_o head_n the_o one_o that_o the_o bearer_n be_v lawful_a wife_n to_o the_o defunct_a the_o other_o that_o he_o die_v in_o fee_n of_o such_o tenemnt_n this_o be_v a_o pleadable_a brieve_n and_o have_v no_o retour_fw-fr but_o service_n alone_o be_v sufficient_a enough_o to_o give_v the_o wife_n interest_n that_o other_o liferenter_n have_v it_o be_v special_o statute_n that_o where_o the_o marriage_n be_v not_o question_v in_o the_o husband_n life_n and_o the_o widow_n be_v hold_v and_o repute_v his_o lawful_a wife_n in_o his_o time_n no_o exception_n in_o the_o contrary_n shall_v be_v sustain_v in_o the_o service_n of_o the_o brieve_n but_o she_o shall_v be_v serve_v and_o enjoy_v the_o terce_n till_o it_o be_v declare_v in_o a_o petitory_a judgement_n that_o she_o be_v not_o lawful_a wife_n par._n 1503._o cap._n 77._o 14._o the_o brieve_v be_v thus_o serve_v the_o sheriff_n or_o bailiff_n must_v also_o if_o it_o be_v demand_v ken_v the_o relict_n to_o her_o terce_n which_o be_v ordinary_o do_v by_o the_o sun_n or_o the_o shade_n that_o be_v whether_o the_o division_n shall_v begin_v at_o the_o east_n or_o the_o west_n and_o so_o the_o division_n of_o the_o tenement_n proceed_v by_o aikers_n two_o befalling_a to_o the_o heir_n and_o one_o to_o the_o relict_n wherein_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v march_n set_v and_o instrument_n take_v thereupon_o which_o be_v as_o a_o seasine_a but_o this_o division_n be_v most_o inconvenient_a except_o the_o whole_a interest_n be_v use_v to_o be_v set_v in_o aikerdale_n it_o be_v not_o exclusive_a of_o other_o division_n by_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o land_n or_o the_o rent_n so_o many_o room_n be_v design_v for_o the_o tercer_n the_o rest_n remain_v for_o the_o fire_n this_o way_n of_o ken_n will_v be_v valid_a and_o much_o better_a but_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o divide_v at_o serve_v the_o brieve_n to_o constitute_v the_o terce_n for_o the_o service_n give_v sufficient_a title_n to_o the_o three_o of_o the_o mail_n and_o duty_n of_o every_o room_n march_v 5._o 1632._o relic_n of_o veatch_n of_o dawick_n contra_fw-la 15._o but_o that_o thereby_o she_o can_v remove_v possessor_n be_v because_o she_o brook_v the_o terce_n pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la with_o the_o heir_n till_o it_o be_v be_v kenned_a or_o otherways_o divide_v and_o the_o terce_n be_v serve_v give_v right_o not_o only_o to_o the_o year_n thereafter_o but_o precede_v since_o the_o husband_n death_n november_n 20._o 1624._o tenant_n contra_fw-la crawford_n and_o fleming_n and_o so_o the_o tercer_n may_v pursue_v the_o heretor_fw-la or_o other_o intromettor_n for_o all_o by-gones_a of_o the_o three_o of_o the_o duty_n not_o as_o they_o be_v at_o the_o husband_n death_n but_o as_o they_o be_v better_v by_o the_o fire_n feb._n 13._o 1628._o countess_z of_o dumfermling_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o dumfermling_n and_o that_o without_o deduction_n of_o factor-fee_n march_v 27._o 1634._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la the_o tercer_n be_v serve_v have_v interest_n to_o pursue_v for_o commission_n to_o cognosce_fw-la pasturage_n land_n what_o soum_n they_o may_v hold_v that_o she_o may_v have_v the_o three_o soum_n or_o else_o to_o divide_v january_n 18._o 1628._o contra_fw-la mackenzie_n the_o division_n of_o the_o terce_n from_o the_o two_o three_o may_v be_v in_o the_o most_o convenient_a way_n wherein_o all_o dwelling-house_n or_o kiln_n and_o barn_n and_o other_o house_n for_o service_n will_v come_v in_o as_o they_o may_v be_v most_o convenient_o divide_v this_o be_v the_o most_o ordinary_a way_n of_o terce_n by_o service_n as_o say_v be_v when_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v in_o fee_n 16._o terce_n take_v place_n not_o only_o in_o land_n but_o also_o in_o annualrent_n wherein_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n novemb_n 30._o 1627._o tenant_n of_o easthouses_n contra_fw-la hepburn_n but_o not_o to_o the_o terce_n of_o annualrent_n of_o band_n whereupon_o no_o infeftment_n follow_v june_n 24._o 1663._o elizabeth_n scrimzeour_n contra_fw-la murrays_n it_o be_v also_o extend_v to_o infeftment_n of_o teind_n feb._n 13._o 1628._o countess_z of_o dumfermling_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o dumfermling_n but_o it_o be_v not_o extend_v to_o tenement_n or_o land_n within_o burgh_n or_o hold_v burgage_n neither_o to_o superiority_n or_o feu-duty_n or_o other_o casualty_n thereof_o nor_o to_o tack_n ibidem_fw-la neither_o to_o patronage_n or_o advocation_n of_o kirk_n neither_o do_v terce_n extend_v to_o reversion_n if_o the_o fire_n who_o land_n be_v liable_a to_o a_o terce_n die_v and_o his_o wife_n have_v right_a to_o another_o terce_n which_o be_v call_v the_o lesser_a terce_n though_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n of_o the_o whole_a tenement_n she_o have_v not_o a_o three_o of_o the_o whole_a but_o a_o three_o of_o these_o two_o three_o which_o be_v unaffected_a with_o the_o great_a terce_n till_o the_o former_a tercers_n death_n craig_n lib._n 2._o diege_n 22._o propose_v two_o case_n in_o which_o the_o relict_n will_v have_v a_o terce_n though_o the_o husband_n die_v not_o infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n the_o first_o be_v if_o the_o husband_n infeft_v his_o appearand_a heir_n in_o his_o estate_n if_o there_o be_v no_o liferent_a provide_v to_o his_o wife_n by_o a_o contract_n in_o that_o case_n the_o relict_n will_v have_v a_o terce_n which_o be_v most_o just_a albeit_o it_o will_v not_o proceed_v summary_o by_o a_o brieve_n which_o bear_v only_o warrant_v for_o a_o terce_n of_o the_o tenement_n in_o which_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n but_o it_o may_v proceed_v by_o reduction_n or_o declarator_n and_o will_v not_o only_o have_v effect_n against_o the_o appearand_a heir_n but_o against_o any_o gratuitous_a disposition_n reserve_v the_o husband_n own_o liferent_a for_o such_o deed_n will_v be_v find_v fraudulent_a and_o contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o obligation_n of_o husband_n to_o provide_v their_o wife_n unless_o there_o remain_v tenement_n out_o of_o which_o a_o reasonable_a terce_n may_v remain_v to_o the_o relict_n according_a to_o her_o quality_n the_o other_o case_n be_v when_o a_o father_n by_o his_o son_n contract_v of_o marriage_n be_v oblige_v to_o infeft_a his_o son_n
remove_v therein_o and_o their_o possession_n need_v not_o again_o be_v prove_v and_o their_o defence_n hinder_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi to_o obtain_v possession_n will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a unless_o they_o offer_v to_o prove_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi himself_z be_v in_o possession_n or_o other_o by_o his_o warrant_n june_n 19_o 1610._o hector_n monroe_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o balnagoun_n neither_o will_v any_o other_o thing_n but_o real_a obedience_n by_o give_v or_o at_o least_o offer_v the_o void_a possession_n take_v they_o away_o though_o the_o land_n lie_v waste_v but_o violent_a profit_n be_v also_o find_v competent_a against_o these_o who_o be_v not_o warn_v against_o who_o decreet_a of_o remove_v be_v not_o obtain_v to_o wit_n against_o any_o who_o suspend_v the_o decreet_a and_o thereby_o hinder_v the_o defender_n attain_v possession_n hope_v mail_n and_o duty_n ker_n of_o fairnieherst_n contra_fw-la turnbul_n yea_o a_o party_n obtain_v possession_n by_o a_o decreet_a of_o remove_v after_o litiscontestation_n in_o the_o reduction_n of_o the_o decreet_a be_v find_v a_o violent_a possessor_n and_o liable_a to_o violent_a profit_n himself_o hope_v possession_n gordon_n of_o abergeldie_n contra_fw-la lord_n forbes_n as_o to_o the_o quantity_n of_o violent_a profit_n by_o the_o custom_n of_o burgh_n it_o be_v double_a mail_n of_o the_o tenement_n within_o burgh_n hope_v mail_n and_o duty_n christian_a buchan_n contra_fw-la marion_n seaton_n but_o in_o land_n it_o be_v the_o great_a profit_n that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi can_v prove_v he_o can_v have_v make_v and_o though_o in_o case_n of_o violence_n the_o quantity_n and_o price_n be_v ordinary_o probable_a by_o the_o pursuer_n oath_n juramento_fw-la in_o litem_fw-la because_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v not_o the_o ordinary_a price_n but_o praetium_fw-la affectionis_fw-la as_o that_o which_o themselves_o account_v to_o be_v their_o loss_n yet_o here_o probation_n must_v be_v use_v but_o if_o it_o be_v not_o full_a the_o pursuer_n oath_n may_v be_v take_v violent_a profit_n be_v also_o sustain_v against_o all_o defender_n in_o solidum_fw-la as_o in_o spuilzie_n but_o when_o diverse_a compear_v and_o propon_v partial_a objection_n against_o remove_n and_o succumb_v they_o be_v find_v liable_a for_o the_o violent_a profit_n of_o the_o land_n in_o the_o exception_n several_o hope_v mail_n and_o duty_n william_n wallace_n contra_fw-la alexander_n blair_n otherways_o partial_a exception_n be_v not_o here_o competent_a hope_v exception_n laird_n of_o balnagoun_n contra_fw-la hector_n monro_n neither_o will_v any_o exception_n be_v admit_v which_o be_v competent_a and_o proper_a in_o the_o decreet_a of_o remove_v relative_a to_o right_n or_o possession_n but_o suspension_n or_o reduction_n ought_v to_o be_v intent_a thereupon_o the_o like_a as_o to_o violent_a profit_n against_o successor_n in_o the_o vice_n march_v 22._o 1623._o laird_n of_o hunthil_n contra_fw-la rutherfoord_n 55._o succeed_v in_o the_o vice_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o intrusion_n whereby_o after_o warn_v any_o person_n come_v in_o possession_n by_o consent_n of_o the_o party_n warn_v or_o otherways_o against_o such_o there_o need_v no_o warning_n but_o a_o summar_n process_n as_o in_o other_o intrusion_n have_v the_o same_o probation_n for_o in_o both_o the_o possession_n must_v be_v prove_v which_o with_o the_o warning_n be_v sufficient_a but_o can_v have_v no_o effect_n till_o decreet_a of_o remove_v be_v obtain_v against_o the_o tennent_n warn_v though_o violent_a profit_n be_v the_o ordinary_a effect_n both_o in_o remove_v and_o succeed_v in_o the_o vice_n these_o will_v proceed_v as_o to_o attain_v possession_n and_o no_o violent_a profit_n be_v obtain_v when_o there_o be_v any_o colourable_a title_n which_o may_v have_v make_v the_o warn_v party_n reasonable_o doubt_v of_o the_o pursuer_n interest_n or_o of_o his_o own_o right_n hope_v remove_v walter_z ord_n contra_fw-la tenant_n but_o this_o use_v ordinary_o to_o be_v so_o provide_v in_o the_o decreet_a of_o remove_v and_o will_v be_v hardly_o sustain_v thereafter_o by_o recanvass_v the_o defence_n competent_a in_o the_o remove_n that_o it_o may_v appear_v whether_o there_o be_v a_o probable_a ground_n in_o they_o or_o not_o at_o least_o the_o defender_n will_v protest_v for_o the_o reservation_n as_o to_o the_o violent_a profit_n for_o if_o this_o be_v again_o sustain_v it_o will_v bring_v overhead_n all_o the_o many_o intricat_a defence_n competent_a in_o remove_n of_o which_o former_o and_o therefore_o in_o the_o remove_v pursue_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o argile_n contra_fw-la mcnaughtoun_n the_o lord_n repel_v the_o defence_n but_o declare_v that_o they_o will_v have_v consideration_n thereof_o as_o have_v probable_a ground_n to_o debate_v and_o will_v modify_v the_o excrescence_n of_o the_o violent_a profit_n over_o and_o above_o the_o ordinary_a profit_n title_n xx._n wodset_n where_o of_o reversion_n regress_n and_o redemption_n 1._o infeftment_n for_o satisfaction_n of_o sum_n principal_a and_o annual_a or_o for_o relief_n be_v proper_a feudal_n impignoration_n consist_v with_o the_o disponer_n property_n 2._o the_o nature_n of_o wodsetts_n 3._o the_o nature_n of_o reversion_n 4._o kind_n of_o reversion_n 5._o solemnity_n requisite_a in_o reversion_n 6._o the_o effect_n of_o clause_n irritant_fw-la in_o reversion_n 7._o reversion_n be_v stricti_fw-la juris_fw-la 8._o kind_n of_o wodsetts_n 9_o proper_a wodsetts_n 10._o the_o effect_n of_o tack_n after_o redemption_n containedin_fw-fr reversion_n 11._o improper_a wodsetts_n 12._o regress_n 13._o discharge_v of_o reversion_n 14._o wodset_n become_v legal_o extinct_a by_o declarator_n of_o expire_a thereof_o or_o by_o the_o order_n and_o declarator_n of_o redemption_n 15._o the_o order_n of_o redemption_n of_o apprizing_n or_o adjudication_n 16._o the_o order_n of_o redemption_n by_o conventional_a reversion_n 17._o premonition_n 18._o consignation_n 19_o declarator_n of_o redemption_n 20._o the_o effect_n of_o declarator_n of_o redemption_n 21._o defence_n against_o declarator_n of_o redemption_n 22._o requisition_n 23._o how_o far_o other_o right_n may_v be_v reserve_v in_o redemption_n or_o renounciation_n awode_a as_o the_o word_n insinuat_v be_v the_o give_v of_o a_o wed_v or_o pledge_v in_o security_n it_o fall_v in_o consideration_n here_o as_o the_o last_o of_o feudal_n right_n for_o pledge_n be_v the_o last_o of_o real_a right_n as_o before_o in_o the_o title_n real_a right_n be_v show_v where_o it_o be_v also_o clear_v what_o be_v the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o impignoration_n of_o movable_n which_o shall_v not_o be_v here_o repeat_v but_o only_o what_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o impignoration_n of_o immovables_n and_o heritable_a right_n by_o the_o feudal_n custom_n and_o our_o own_o 1._o that_o which_o do_v most_o proper_o agree_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o pledge_n or_o wodset_n with_o we_o be_v where_o any_o inseftment_n or_o security_n be_v grant_v in_o security_n of_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n or_o for_o relief_n of_o cautionry_n or_o any_o other_o sum_n which_o bear_v express_o that_o the_o land_n or_o right_o be_v dispone_v for_o security_n or_o relief_n and_o therefore_o needs_o express_v no_o reversion_n for_o it_o be_v necessary_o employ_v that_o so_o soon_o as_o relief_n or_o satisfaction_n be_v obtain_v the_o infeftment_n grant_v in_o security_n cease_v so_o that_o if_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o infeftment_n or_o any_o other_o bind_v in_o the_o principal_a obligation_n either_o make_v payment_n or_o the_o receiver_n thereof_o by_o his_o intromission_n be_v satisfy_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la the_o infeftment_n be_v extinct_a yea_o if_o the_o debtor_n grant_a of_o the_o infeftment_n and_o security_n shall_v instruct_v compensation_n as_o it_o will_v extinguish_v the_o principal_a bond_n so_o will_v it_o in_o consequence_n the_o infeftment_n for_o security_n thereof_o this_o infeftment_n be_v real_o a_o pledge_n it_o be_v consistent_a with_o the_o infeftment_n of_o property_n in_o the_o debtor_n as_o two_o distinct_a kind_n of_o right_n and_o thereby_o the_o debtor_n be_v not_o denude_v even_o although_o the_o infeftment_n for_o security_n be_v public_a by_o resignation_n because_o it_o be_v not_o a_o resignation_n simple_o in_o favorem_fw-la but_o ad_fw-la effecsum_fw-la viz._n for_o security_n and_o therefore_o when_o the_o debt_n be_v satisfy_v the_o debtor_n need_v not_o be_v reinvest_v but_o his_o former_a infeftment_n of_o property_n stand_v valide_fw-la like_o unto_o these_o in_o all_o point_n be_v infeftment_n upon_o apprize_a which_o be_v true_o pignora_fw-la praetoria_fw-la whreby_o the_o debtor_n be_v not_o denude_v but_o his_o infeftment_n stand_v and_o if_o the_o apprise_a be_v satisfy_v within_o the_o legal_a it_o be_v extinguish_v and_o the_o debtor_n need_v not_o be_v reinvest_v and_o therefore_o he_o may_v receive_v vassal_n during_o the_o legal_a and_o if_o he_o die_v the_o appearand_a heir_n intromet_v with_o the_o mail_n and_o duty_n during_o the_o legal_a do_v thereby_o behave_v himself_o as_o heir_n as_o be_v find_v february_n
the_o land_n that_o the_o value_n and_o worth_n thereof_o may_v the_o more_o clear_o appear_v where_o after_o discuss_v of_o the_o appryzer_n claim_v the_o hability_n of_o the_o person_n of_o inquest_n and_o witness_n so_o much_o land_n be_v apprise_v and_o adjudge_v as_o be_v worth_a the_o sum_n the_o year_n rend_v to_o the_o superior_a and_o expense_n of_o infeftment_n and_o if_o the_o land_n be_v burden_v with_o any_o former_a annualrent_n whereby_o a_o proportion_n of_o land_n can_v not_o be_v apprise_v free_a of_o burden_n there_o be_v apprise_v a_o annualrent_a forth_o of_o the_o land_n effeirand_a to_o the_o sum_n and_o expense_n aforesaid_a and_o redeemable_a in_o the_o same_o manner_n which_o be_v sustain_v by_o the_o meaning_n and_o intent_n of_o the_o statute_n though_o by_o the_o word_n of_o it_o apprize_a of_o land_n be_v only_o mention_v it_o be_v ever_o extend_v to_o all_o heritable_a right_n thus_o it_o continue_v till_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n upon_o exception_n against_o the_o sheriff_n upon_o his_o interest_n relation_n or_o enimity_n or_o upon_o the_o lie_a of_o land_n in_o diverse_a jurisdiction_n for_o prevent_v of_o expense_n by_o many_o appryzing_n where_o the_o land_n in_o one_o jurisdiction_n suffice_v not_o do_v grant_v letter_n of_o apprize_a under_o the_o signet_n direct_v not_o to_o the_o ordinar_n sheriff_n but_o to_o sherift_n in_o that_o part_n which_o be_v frequent_a do_v come_v to_o run_v in_o course_n to_o messenger_n as_o sheriff_n in_o that_o part_n etc._n etc._n and_o thereby_o the_o appryzer_n in_o respect_n the_o letter_n have_v a_o blank_a for_o insert_v the_o messenger_n name_n do_v choice_n the_o messenger_n who_o do_v denunce_v all_o land_n and_o other_o heritable_a right_n which_o the_o appryzer_n pretend_v to_o belong_v to_o his_o debtor_n and_o in_o respect_n the_o letter_n bear_v dispensation_n of_o the_o place_n do_v apprise_v at_o edinhurgh_n all_o that_o the_o appryzer_n clame_v in_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o debt_n without_o knowledge_n or_o consideration_n of_o the_o value_n of_o the_o land_n or_o other_o apprise_v or_o proportion_n to_o the_o sum_n apprise_v for_o and_o thereupon_o be_v infeft_v in_o the_o whole_a and_o pay_v to_o the_o superior_a a_o composition_n for_o a_o year_n rend_v of_o the_o whole_a which_o be_v a_o considerable_a accession_n to_o the_o debtor_n debt_n and_o behove_v to_o be_v pay_v by_o he_o and_o by_o the_o say_n appryzing_n the_o appryzer_n may_v and_o oftentimes_o do_v enter_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o whole_a land_n without_o be_v countable_a for_o the_o rent_n thereof_o of_o what_o quantity_n soever_o by_o this_o abuse_n the_o intent_n of_o that_o excellent_a statute_n for_o appryzing_n be_v enervat_fw-la and_o the_o same_o turn_v in_o a_o mere_a formality_n until_o the_o par._n 1621._o cap._n 6._o which_o begin_v to_o correct_v that_o exorbitant_a abuse_n and_o declare_v appryzer_n countable_a for_o their_o intromission_n in_o so_o far_o as_o exceed_v their_o annualrent_n to_o be_v impute_v in_o their_o principal_a sum_n pro_fw-la tanto_fw-la and_o that_o they_o be_v thereby_o satisfy_v of_o their_o sum_n principal_a and_o annual_a composition_n to_o the_o superior_a and_o expense_n of_o apprize_a and_o infeftment_n that_o thereby_o the_o apprize_a shall_v expyre_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la and_o it_o be_v also_o declare_v that_o if_o the_o land_n apprise_v be_v not_o worth_a of_o free_a rent_n effeirand_a to_o the_o annualrent_a of_o the_o say_a sum_n that_o before_o redemption_n he_o shall_v be_v satisfy_v of_o the_o superplus_n by_o which_o act_n it_o be_v declare_v that_o minor_n may_v redeem_v land_n apprise_v from_o they_o at_o any_o time_n within_o their_o age_n of_o twenty_o five_o year_n complete_a yet_o so_o that_o after_o the_o first_o seven_o year_n the_o appryzer_n shall_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o whole_a mail_n and_o duty_n till_o he_o be_v redeem_v which_o have_v always_o be_v extend_v to_o land_n apprise_v from_o person_n be_v major_a if_o a_o minor_a succeed_v during_o the_o legal_a and_o if_o a_o person_n be_v major_a succeed_v to_o he_o who_o be_v minor_a he_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o reversion_n of_o seven_o year_n in_o so_o far_o as_o be_v not_o run_v in_o the_o minor_n life_n and_o if_o less_o remain_v then_o a_o year_n at_o the_o minor_n death_n the_o major_n have_v a_o full_a year_n to_o redeem_v after_o the_o minor_n death_n and_o by_o the_o act_n 1669._o of_o the_o abrogat_fw-la parliament_n 1641._o appryzer_n be_v declare_v countable_a for_o the_o rent_n of_o apprise_v land_n intromet_v with_o by_o they_o during_o all_o the_o time_n of_o the_o legal_a whether_o competent_a to_o minor_n or_o other_o and_o because_o of_o another_o great_a abuse_n by_o the_o debord_v of_o appryzing_n from_o the_o first_o institution_n that_o the_o first_o appryzer_n apprize_a the_o whole_a estate_n the_o other_o creditor_n have_v no_o more_o but_o the_o legal_a reversion_n which_o do_v ordinary_o expyre_v the_o subsequent_a creditor_n not_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v money_n to_o redeem_v the_o anterior_a appryzer_n whereby_o the_o first_o appryzer_n carry_v the_o whole_a estate_n and_o exclude_v all_o the_o rest_n and_o be_v ashamed_a to_o take_v so_o great_a a_o legal_a advantage_n and_o sometime_o not_o dare_v to_o make_v use_n of_o it_o do_v ordinary_o compone_v with_o the_o debtor_n his_o appearand_a heir_n or_o some_o confident_a to_o their_o behoof_n whereby_o the_o debtor_n heir_n recover_v his_o whole_a estate_n by_o satisfy_v one_o creditor_n and_o exclude_v all_o the_o rest_n therefore_o the_o par._n 1661._o by_o their_o act_n 62._o anent_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n declare_v that_o all_o appryzing_n deduce_v since_o the_o first_o of_o january_n 1652._o or_o to_o be_v deduce_v in_o time_n come_v within_o a_o year_n after_o the_o first_o apprize_a which_o become_v effectual_a by_o infeftment_n or_o charge_n shall_v come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la as_o if_o one_o apprize_a have_v be_v lead_v for_o all_o the_o sum_n and_o thereby_o the_o legal_a be_v extend_v to_o ten_o year_n and_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o whensoever_o the_o appearand_a heir_n or_o any_o to_o his_o behoof_n shall_v acquire_v right_a to_o any_o expyre_v apprize_a that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v redeem_v from_o they_o within_o the_o space_n of_o ten_o year_n after_o their_o acquiry_n by_o posterior_n appryzer_n upon_o payment_n of_o what_o they_o true_o pay_v in_o so_o far_o as_o shall_v not_o be_v satisfy_v by_o their_o intromission_n but_o neither_o do_v this_o statute_n cure_v the_o abuse_n of_o appryzing_n and_o therefore_o the_o act_n of_o par._n of_o the_o 6._o of_o septem_fw-la 1672._o upon_o consideration_n of_o debord_v of_o appryzing_n from_o the_o first_o design_n and_o of_o the_o great_a inconvenience_n arise_v thereby_o for_o the_o bring_n in_o of_o all_o appryzer_n within_o year_n and_o day_n do_v give_v way_n to_o break_v the_o credit_n and_o ruin_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o most_o considerable_a heretor_n in_o the_o kingdom_n that_o creditor_n be_v thereby_o invite_v under_o the_o hazard_n of_o be_v exclude_v to_o appryze_v within_o a_o year_n and_o thereby_o one_o wilful_a malicious_a or_o necessitous_a creditor_n apprize_v all_o the_o rest_n follow_v and_o entire_o brook_v their_o credit_n unless_o they_o will_v pay_v all_o their_o debt_n in_o one_o day_n therefore_o the_o parliament_n do_v in_o place_n of_o appryzing_n ordain_v adjudication_n to_o proceed_v before_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n for_o adjudge_v the_o land_n and_o other_o heritable_a right_n of_o debtor_n effeirand_a to_o the_o sum_n apprise_v for_o and_o a_o five_o part_v more_o in_o place_n of_o the_o penaltiy_n and_o sheriff-fee_n and_o allow_v witness_n for_o either_o party_n for_o clear_v of_o the_o rental_a and_o rate_n of_o the_o land_n in_o the_o several_a place_n where_o they_o lie_v and_o appoint_v the_o adjudger_n to_o have_v present_a possession_n of_o the_o land_n adjudge_v not_o be_v accountable_a for_o his_o intromission_n during_o the_o legal_a redeemable_a only_o within_o five_o year_n whereby_o the_o creditor_n have_v easy_a accress_n for_o his_o satisfaction_n without_o all_o hazard_n or_o account_n which_o have_v be_v the_o ground_n of_o many_o tedious_a process_n of_o count_n and_o reckon_a for_o the_o intromission_n of_o former_a appryzer_n and_o wherein_o the_o adjudger_n be_v to_o have_v the_o consent_n of_o his_o debtor_n both_o as_o to_o right_n and_o possession_n and_o delivery_n of_o the_o evident_n and_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o if_o the_o debtor_n do_v not_o instruct_v and_o deliver_v a_o good_a right_n and_o consent_n as_o say_v be_v that_o the_o creditor_n may_v adjudge_v all_o the_o debtor_n estate_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o to_o the_o same_o effect_n as_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1661._o between_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n we_o shall_v not_o here_o speak_v of_o
to_o which_o it_o be_v estimate_n all_o the_o other_o good_n of_o the_o wife_n be_v paraphernalia_fw-la whereof_o she_o have_v the_o sole_a power_n and_o right_n the_o custom_n of_o most_o nation_n even_o where_o the_o roman_a law_n have_v much_o weight_n in_o this_o matter_n have_v return_v to_o the_o natural_a course_n as_o be_v observe_v by_o cassaneus_n ad_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la burgundiae_fw-la do_fw-mi 4._o and_o duarenus_n tit_n ff_n de_fw-fr nupt_a in_o relation_n to_o the_o custom_n of_o france_n wessenbecius_fw-la in_o parat_fw-la ad_fw-la tit_n ff_n de_fw-fr ritu_fw-la nuptiarum_fw-la and_o covaruvias_n epitt._n lib._n 4._o decretal_a part_n 2._o cap._n 7._o in_o reference_n to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o german_n spaniard_n and_o most_o part_n of_o the_o nation_n of_o europe_n gudelinus_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la noviss_n show_v the_o same_o to_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o netherlands_o in_o which_o they_o do_v almost_o in_o every_o thing_n agree_v with_o our_o custom_n to_o which_o we_o return_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o scotland_n the_o wife_n be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o therefore_o first_o the_o husband_n be_v tutor_n and_o curator_n to_o his_o wife_n and_o during_o her_o minority_n no_o other_o tutor_n or_o curator_n need_v to_o be_v convene_v or_o concur_v to_o authorize_v so_o it_o be_v decide_v french_a contra_fw-la french_a and_o cranstoun_n hop_v do_fw-mi de_fw-fr minoribus_fw-la but_o on_o the_o contrair_a the_o wife_n be_v in_o no_o case_n conveenable_a without_o call_v the_o husband_n and_o though_o she_o be_v marry_v during_o the_o dependence_n the_o husband_n must_v be_v cite_v upon_o supplication_n and_o the_o process_n continue_v against_o he_o for_o his_o interest_n spot_n husband_n and_o wife_n margaeret_n bailie_n contra_fw-la janet_n robertson_n and_o likewise_o a_o wife_n be_v charge_v upon_o her_o bond_n give_v before_o marriage_n but_o the_o letter_n not_o be_v raise_v against_o her_o husband_n for_o his_o interest_n they_o be_v find_v null_a by_o way_n of_o exception_n nic._n reverentia_fw-la maritalis_fw-la relict_n of_o robert_n young_n contra_fw-la wachup_n yet_o a_o wife_n be_v find_v con_v veenable_a without_o call_v the_o husband_n he_o be_v twenty_o year_n out_o of_o the_o country_n and_o she_o repute_v widow_n june_n 19_o 1663._o euphan_n hay_o contra_fw-la elizabeth_n corstorphin_n yea_o a_o wife_n escheat_n or_o liferent_a fall_v not_o upon_o any_o horning_n execute_v against_o she_o during_o the_o marriage_n because_o be_v then_o under_o the_o power_n of_o her_o husband_n she_o have_v no_o power_n of_o herself_o to_o pursue_v suspend_v or_o relax_v dury_n february_n 16._o 1633._o stuart_n contra_fw-la banner_n man_n and_o this_o be_v find_v though_o the_o decreet_a be_v a_o ejection_n commit_v both_o by_o man_n and_o wife_n yet_o where_o the_o horning_n be_v upon_o a_o deed_n proper_a to_o the_o wife_n as_o to_o divide_v the_o conjunct-fee_n land_n horning_n be_v valide_fw-la nic._n reverentia_fw-la maritalis_fw-la duff_n contra_fw-la edmonstoun_n or_o where_o the_o horning_n be_v upon_o a_o delinquence_n as_o on_o laborrow_n hope_v husband_n and_o wife_n lord_n roxburgh_n contra_fw-la lady_n orknay_n in_o like_a manner_n a_o wife_n can_v pursue_v or_o charge_v without_o concourse_n of_o her_o husband_n and_o so_o letter_n not_o raise_v at_o his_o instance_n be_v reduce_v though_o he_o concur_v thereafter_o dury_n july_n 27._o 1631._o robert_n hay_o contra_fw-la mr._n john_n rollo_n the_o like_a spot_n husband_n and_o wife_n napeir_n contra_fw-la mr._n robert_n kinloch_n and_o agnes_n lial_n the_o like_a in_o a_o reduction_n of_o a_o heritable_a right_n do_v by_o the_o wife_n father_n on_o death_n bed_n which_o be_v not_o sustain_v unless_o the_o husband_n have_v concur_v or_o have_v be_v call_v in_o which_o case_n if_o he_o refuse_v concourse_n without_o just_a reason_n the_o lord_n will_v authorise_v the_o wife_n to_o insist_v july_n 8._o 1673._o christian_n hacket_n contra_fw-la gordoun_n of_o chapeltoun_n but_o we_o must_v except_v from_o this_o rule_n if_o the_o husband_n be_v inhabilitat_fw-la or_o forefault_v had._n the_o 26._o of_o march_n 1622._o william_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la stuart_n or_o the_o wife_n authorize_v by_o the_o lord_n upon_o special_a consideration_n the_o husband_n refuse_v to_o concur_v dury_n the_o 9_o of_o january_n 1623._o marshel_n contra_fw-la marshel_n or_o that_o she_o be_v pursue_v her_o husband_n himself_o against_o who_o ordinary_o she_o have_v no_o action_n except_o in_o singular_a case_n ut_fw-la si_fw-la vergat_fw-la ad_fw-la inopiam_fw-la or_o in_o case_n he_o have_v divert_v from_o she_o dury_n december_n 21._o 1626._o lady_n foules_n contra_fw-la her_o husband_n or_o if_o a_o wife_n with_o concourse_n of_o her_o friend_n at_o who_o instance_n execution_n be_v provide_v by_o her_o contract_n be_v pursue_v reduction_n of_o a_o deed_n do_v by_o her_o husband_n in_o prejudice_n thereof_o during_o her_o life_n february_n 12._o 1663._o locky_a contra_fw-la petoun_z or_o that_o the_o obligation_n in_o its_o own_o nature_n require_v execution_n in_o the_o husband_n life_n as_o a_o obligement_n to_o infeft_a the_o wife_n in_o particular_a land_n but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o general_a obligement_n to_o employ_v money_n for_o she_o or_o to_o infeft_v she_o etc._n etc._n which_o the_o husband_n may_v at_o any_o time_n of_o his_o life_n perform_v the_o wife_n will_v have_v no_o action_n against_o he_o neither_o will_v she_o get_v inhibition_n upon_o supplication_n unless_o the_o lord_n grant_v the_o same_o upon_o knowledge_n that_o the_o husband_n be_v become_v in_o a_o worse_a condition_n or_o that_o the_o wife_n have_v quite_o a_o present_a infeftment_n for_o a_o obligation_n of_o a_o other_o in_o which_o case_n the_o lord_n grant_v inhibition_n july_n 13._o 1638._o lady_n glenbervy_n contra_fw-la her_o husband_n this_o delay_n where_o a_o term_n be_v not_o express_v be_v upon_o consideration_n of_o merchant_n who_o ordinary_o have_v no_o other_o mean_n than_o the_o stock_n with_o which_o they_o trade_v it_o will_v ruin_v they_o if_o they_o be_v necessitate_v to_o employ_v it_o on_o security_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v marry_v it_o be_v a_o privilege_n of_o woman_n among_o the_o roman_n per_fw-la senatus_n consultum_fw-la velleianum_fw-la that_o the_o obligation_n by_o which_o they_o become_v surety_n or_o intercee_v for_o other_o be_v void_a but_o our_o custom_n have_v enlarge_v that_o privilege_n so_o far_o that_o a_o wife_n obligation_n for_o debt_n or_o personal_a obligement_n contract_v during_o the_o marriage_n be_v null_a even_o though_o the_o bond_n be_v grant_v by_o she_o and_o her_o husband_n contain_v a_o obligement_n to_o infeft_a the_o creditor_n in_o a_o annualrent_a out_o of_o their_o land_n and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o bond_n as_o to_o the_o wife_n and_o a_o apprise_v thereon_o as_o to_o her_o life-rent_a of_o these_o land_n be_v find_v null_a but_o here_o there_o be_v no_o special_a obligement_n of_o annualrent_n or_o wodset_n of_o the_o wife_n life_n rend_v land_n but_o general_o out_o of_o both_o their_o land_n dury_n march_n 24._o 1626._o greenlaw_n contra_fw-la gulloway_n the_o like_a hope_v husband_n and_o wife_n archibald_n douglas_n of_o tofts_n contra_fw-la mr._n robert_n elphingstoun_n and_o susanna_n hamiltoun_n the_o like_a dury_n january_n 30._o 1635._o mitchelson_n contra_fw-la mowbray_n in_o which_o case_n the_o bond_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o man_n and_o wife_n and_o thereupon_o apprise_v deduce_v though_o she_o do_v judicial_o ratify_v it_o upon_o oath_n never_o to_o come_v in_o the_o contrair_a yet_o the_o bond_n and_o infeftment_n as_o to_o her_o life-rent_a be_v find_v null_n see_v there_o be_v nothing_o to_o instruct_v her_o ratification_n but_o the_o act_n of_o a_o inferior_a court_n whereof_o the_o warrant_n be_v not_o produce_v but_o a_o wife_n obligation_n with_o her_o husband_n conjunct_o and_o several_o obliege_v they_o to_o pay_v and_o also_o to_o infeft_v in_o a_o annualrent_n out_o of_o either_o of_o their_o land_n find_v null_n as_o to_o the_o wife_n in_o the_o obligement_n to_o pay_v but_o not_o as_o to_o the_o obligement_n to_o infeft_n december_n 15._o 1665._o master_n john_n ellies_n contra_fw-la keith_n neither_o be_v a_o wife_n find_v liable_a for_o furnish_v to_o the_o house_n in_o her_o husband_n absence_n forth_o of_o the_o country_n which_o do_v only_o affect_v her_o husband_n spot_n husband_n and_o wife_n john_n loury_n contra_fw-la lady_n louristoun_n the_o like_a january_n 29._o 1631._o porter_n contra_fw-la law_n the_o like_a though_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o bond_n be_v money_n advance_v for_o the_o wife_n necessary_a aliment_n for_o which_o no_o process_n be_v grant_v against_o she_o till_o her_o husband_n be_v first_o discuss_v december_n 22._o 1629._o mr._n david_n artoun_n contra_fw-la lady_n hackertoun_n and_o also_o a_o wife_n obligation_n without_o consent_n of_o her_o husband_n find_v not_o to_o affect_v she_o but_o he_o
though_o she_o be_v not_o praeposita_fw-la negotiis_fw-la but_o because_o she_o be_v persona_fw-la illustris_fw-la and_o her_o husband_n out_o of_o the_o country_n hope_n husband_n and_o wife_n mr._n david_n russel_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o argyle_n but_o a_o wife_n bond_n for_o necessary_a habiliment_n for_o her_o body_n find_v to_o oblige_v herself_o and_o not_o her_o husband_n executor_n and_o as_o to_o these_o she_o may_v contract_v had._n july_n 6._o 1610._o eustacius_n wise_a contra_fw-la lady_n hallyrudhouse_n this_o must_v be_v understand_v where_o the_o wife_n have_v a_o aliment_n constitute_v by_o her_o husband_n or_o other_o right_n exempt_a from_o his_o jus_fw-la mariti_fw-la and_o it_o be_v so_o late_o find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o adam_n garrn_v merchant_n contra_fw-la elizabeth_n arthur_n december_n 19_o 1667._o february_n 23._o 1672._o john_n neilson_n contra_fw-la arthur_n but_o a_o wife_n account_n of_o furniture_n to_o her_o person_n not_o be_v great_a find_v valide_fw-la against_o her_o husband_n be_v subscribe_v by_o the_o wife_n though_o she_o be_v minor_a be_v persona_fw-la illustris_fw-la february_n 20._o 1667._o andrew_n littlejohn_n contra_fw-la duke_n and_o duchess_n of_o munmouth_n this_o privilege_n of_o wife_n be_v extend_v to_o obligation_n or_o disposition_n make_v by_o the_o wife_n though_o before_o complete_n of_o the_o marriage_n be_v after_o contract_n and_o proclamation_n whereupon_o marriage_n follow_v january_n 29._o 1633._o 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la brown_n the_o like_a special_o where_o the_o proclamation_n be_v not_o only_o at_o the_o husband_n paroch_n church_n but_o the_o wife_n july_n 8._o 1623._o stewart_n contra_fw-la aitkin_n the_o like_a of_o a_o disposition_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o wife_n child_n after_o their_o contract_n and_o one_o proclamation_n july_n 5._o 1611._o fletcher_n in_o dundee_n contra_fw-la brown_n yet_o wife_n obligation_n relate_v to_o their_o delinquence_n be_v not_o void_a but_o only_o such_o as_o relate_v to_o their_o contract_n so_o a_o wife_n be_v find_v oblige_v to_o fulfil_v a_o act_n of_o a_o kirk_n session_n under_o a_o penalty_n that_o she_o shall_v forbear_v a_o other_o man_n company_n which_o be_v find_v not_o to_o affect_v her_o husband_n good_n but_o her_o own_o hope_v husband_n and_o wife_n john_n bell_n contra_fw-la executor_n of_o james_n hogg_n and_o the_o kirk_n session_n of_o st._n cuthbert_n here_o also_o be_v except_v obliegement_n relate_v to_o disposition_n of_o land_n annualrent_n or_o liferent_n of_o which_o hereafter_o 13._o as_o to_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n interest_n in_o their_o good_n by_o our_o custom_n without_o any_o voluntar_n contract_n there_o arise_v betwixt_o they_o a_o communion_n of_o all_o movable_n except_o the_o habiliment_n and_o ornament_n of_o the_o wife_n body_n which_o though_o they_o be_v superfluous_a and_o the_o husband_n insolvent_a be_v not_o arrestable_a for_o his_o debt_n the_o husband_n have_v the_o full_a and_o sole_a administration_n of_o all_o movable_a good_n belong_v or_o accress_v to_o the_o wife_n during_o the_o marriage_n and_o the_o rent_n and_o profit_n of_o heritable_a right_n as_o be_v movable_a and_o therefore_o a_o heritable_a bond_n find_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o husband_n jure_fw-la mariti_fw-la because_o he_o be_v marry_v before_o the_o term_n of_o whitsonday_n at_o which_o time_n it_o be_v payable_a june_n 15._o 1627._o nicolson_n contra_fw-la lyell_n and_o a_o sum_n be_v find_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o first_o husband_n though_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n be_v after_o his_o decease_n and_o not_o to_o the_o wife_n or_o her_o second_o husband_n also_o a_o legacy_n leave_v to_o a_o wife_n be_v find_v to_o belong_v to_o her_o husband_n hope_n legacy_n elizabeth_n brown_n contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d likewise_o a_o husband_n find_v to_o have_v right_a to_o a_o bond_n blank_a in_o the_o creditor_n name_n which_o the_o wife_n during_o the_o marriage_n put_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o three_o party_n who_o fill_v up_o his_o own_o name_n therein_o though_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n be_v voluntary_o separate_v february_n 11._o 1634._o drummond_n contra_fw-la captain_n rollo_n except_o aliment_n due_o and_o competent_o provide_v for_o the_o wife_n which_o be_v not_o arrestable_a for_o the_o husband_n debt_n november_n 29._o 1622._o thomas_n edmonstoun_n contra_fw-la christian_n kirkaldie_n and_o alexander_n barclay_n the_o like_a of_o a_o aliment_n modify_v by_o decreet_a arbitral_n betwixt_o the_o husband_n and_o a_o three_o party_n though_o the_o cause_n thereof_o be_v found_v upon_o the_o husband_n right_o march_v 27._o 1627._o westnisbit_n contra_fw-la morison_n yea_o the_o husband_n himself_o find_v to_o have_v no_o access_n to_o a_o sum_n provide_v to_o a_o wife_n by_o her_o father_n for_o her_o aliment_n july_n 4._o 1637._o tennant_n contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d this_o communion_n of_o good_n by_o our_o custom_n extend_v not_o to_o the_o wife_n right_n heritable_a as_o land_n annualrent_n heritable_a bond_n nor_o to_o liferent_n for_o as_o to_o these_o the_o wife_n may_v oblige_v herself_o personal_o in_o clause_n relative_a to_o such_o right_n as_o clause_n to_o infeft_n clause_n of_o warrandioe_n and_o clause_n of_o requisition_n of_o sum_n for_o which_o her_o land_n be_v wodset_v by_o she_o if_o the_o wife_n be_v first_o and_o principal_o bind_v with_o consent_n of_o her_o huaband_n but_o where_o the_o wife_n and_o husband_n be_v bind_v for_o infeftment_n in_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o wife_n and_o both_o bind_v in_o the_o requisition_n yet_o thereby_o the_o wife_n be_v not_o find_v oblige_v either_o for_o grant_v the_o infeftment_n or_o in_o the_o requisition_n because_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o money_n be_v not_o borrow_v for_o the_o wife_n use_n december_n 19_o 1626._o mathie_n contra_fw-la sibbald_n other_o way_n such_o obliegement_n be_v effectual_a against_o the_o wife_n the_o like_a hope_v annualrent_n agnes_n 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la james_n 〈◊〉_d where_o a_o wife_n be_v find_v liable_a to_o pay_v a_o annualrent_a dispone_v by_o she_o and_o her_o husband_n out_o of_o her_o 〈◊〉_d fee-land_n even_o during_o the_o time_n they_o be_v in_o ward_n the_o like_a of_o a_o annualrent_a dispone_v by_o a_o wife_n and_o her_o husband_n for_o which_o both_o be_v personal_o oblige_v in_o respect_n she_o lift_v the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v uplift_v spot_n husband_n and_o wife_n walter_n 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la margaret_n chisholm_n the_o like_a of_o a_o clause_n of_o requisition_n in_o a_o contract_n of_o wodset_n grant_v by_o the_o wife_n upon_o her_o land_n stante_fw-la matrimonia_fw-la hope_n husband_n and_o wife_n agnes_n gordon_n contra_fw-la elizabeth_n gordon_n and_o this_o be_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o these_o and_o other_o personal_a obliegement_n of_o the_o wife_n stante_fw-la matrimonio_fw-la which_o even_o though_o the_o husband_n consent_n be_v 〈◊〉_d and_o oblige_v she_o not_o yea_o a_o renunciation_n of_o a_o tenement_n by_o a_o wife_n without_o consent_n of_o her_o husband_n be_v absent_a though_o he_o ratify_v it_o at_o his_o return_n be_v find_v null_n spot_n husband_n and_o wife_n helen_n melvil_n contra_fw-la so_o that_o the_o husband_n right_o jure_fw-la mariti_fw-la to_o the_o rent_n and_o annualrent_n of_o the_o wife_n right_n which_o be_v not_o alimentary_a can_v by_o evacuate_v without_o the_o husband_n consent_n though_o the_o wife_n may_v dispose_v of_o the_o right_n itself_o to_o take_v effect_n after_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o marriage_n in_o heritable_a right_n of_o wife_n bond_n bear_v annualrent_a though_o without_o a_o clause_n of_o infeftment_n be_v comprehend_v for_o these_o remain_v heritable_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o relictum_fw-la by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1661._o cap._n 32._o and_o therefore_o a_o provision_n by_o a_o father_n to_o his_o daughter_n bear_v annualrent_a five_o per_fw-la cent_n find_v not_o to_o fall_v under_o the_o husband_n 〈◊〉_d mariti_fw-la june_n 28._o 1665._o james_n 〈◊〉_d against_o 〈◊〉_d edgar_n july_n 4._o 1676._o john_n 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la bruce_n the_o marriage_n without_o any_o contract_n be_v a_o legal_a assignation_n to_o the_o rent_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o wife_n land_n and_o other_o heritable_a right_n during_o the_o marriage_n so_o that_o without_o his_o consent_n the_o wife_n can_v alter_v the_o condition_n thereof_o in_o prejudice_n of_o his_o right_n during_o the_o marriage_n jus_fw-la mariti_fw-la be_v so_o effectual_a as_o to_o the_o movable_a good_n of_o the_o wife_n that_o though_o a_o life-rent_a in_o her_o second_o contract_n of_o marriage_n reserve_v a_o part_n of_o her_o life-rent_a land_n to_o be_v sole_o at_o she_o own_o disposel_n and_o that_o the_o husband_n in_o the_o same_o contract_n of_o marriage_n renounce_v his_o jus_fw-la mariti_fw-la thereanent_fw-la yet_o that_o renunciation_n be_v find_v to_o be_v his_o jur._n mariti_fw-la and_o so_o the_o profit_n of_o her_o life-rent_a be_v affect_v by_o his_o creditor_n it_o not_o be_v constitute_v
husband_n revocation_n upon_o deathbed_n subscribe_v by_o nottar_n because_o of_o his_o infirmity_n hope_n husband_n and_o wife_n earl_n of_o angus_n contra_fw-la countess_n of_o angus_n and_o a_o husband_n be_v allow_v to_o recall_v a_o bond_n grant_v to_o his_o wife_n bearing_z that_o he_o think_v it_o convenient_a that_o they_o shall_v live_v a_o part_n and_o therefore_o oblige_v he_o to_o pay_v a_o sum_n yearly_a for_o her_o aliment_n albeit_o it_o bear_v also_o that_o he_o shall_v never_o quarrel_v or_o recall_v the_o same_o as_o import_v a_o renunciation_n of_o that_o privilege_n february_n 6._o 1666._o livingstoun_n contra_fw-la beg._n yea_o a_o donation_n by_o a_o husband_n to_o his_o wife_n be_v find_v revoke_v by_o a_o posterior_n right_o to_o his_o child_n though_o it_o be_v not_o a_o pure_a donation_n but_o in_o lieu_n of_o another_o right_n and_o quoad_fw-la excessum_fw-la only_o see_v it_o be_v notabilis_fw-la excessus_fw-la november_n 20._o 1662._o child_n of_o wolmet_n against_o lady_n wolmet_n and_o un_fw-fr infeftment_n bear_v land_n and_o a_o miln_n be_v find_v revockable_a as_o to_o the_o miln_n it_o not_o be_v express_v in_o the_o wife_n contract_n february_n 5._o 1667._o countess_z of_o home_n contra_fw-la hog_n this_o be_v extend_v to_o a_o wife_n accept_v of_o a_o infe_fw-mi ftment_n in_o satisfaction_n of_o her_o contract_n february_n 12._o 1663._o relict_n of_o george_n morison_n contra_fw-la his_o heir_n it_o be_v also_o revockable_a indirect_o by_o the_o husband_n posterior_n disposition_n of_o the_o land_n former_o dispone_v to_o his_o wife_n in_o life-rent_a july_n 16._o 1622._o john_n murray_n of_o lochmaiben_fw-ge contra_fw-la scot_n of_o hayn_v a_o donation_n by_o infeftment_n grant_v by_o a_o man_n to_o his_o wife_n beside_o her_o contract_n find_v revoke_v by_o a_o annualrent_a out_o of_o these_o land_n grant_v to_o his_o daughter_n pro_fw-la tanto_fw-la without_o mention_n of_o revocation_n december_n 15._o 1674._o mr._n robert_n kinloch_n contra_fw-la raith_n it_o be_v also_o find_v effectual_o revoke_v by_o the_o husband_n submit_v of_o the_o right_n of_o the_o land_n wherein_o he_o have_v former_o gift_v a_o life-rent_a to_o his_o wife_n and_o a_o decreet_a arbitral_n adjudge_v the_o same_o to_o another_o nic._n de_fw-fr donat._n inter_fw-la virum_fw-la &_o vxorem_fw-la viscount_n of_o annandail_n contra_fw-la scot._n but_o donation_n by_o a_o man_n to_o his_o wife_n who_o have_v no_o former_a provision_n nor_o contract_n of_o marriage_n find_v not_o revockable_a be_v in_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o terce_n due_a by_o the_o marriage_n march_v 25._o 1635._o laird_n of_o louristoun_n contra_fw-la lady_n dunipace_n the_o like_a november_n 22._o 1664._o margaret_n mcgill_n contra_fw-la ruthven_n of_o gairn_n but_o where_o the_o husband_n grant_v infeftment_n of_o all_o that_o he_o then_o have_v there_o be_v no_o contract_n of_o marriage_n and_o thereafter_o a_o second_o infeftment_n both_o stante_fw-la matrimonio_fw-la the_o first_o be_v sustain_v be_v in_o place_n of_o a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n but_o the_o second_o be_v find_v revockable_a 23._o of_o november_n 1664._o halyburtoun_n contra_fw-la porteous_n and_o a_o provision_n to_o a_o wife_n have_v no_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v find_v revockable_a in_o so_o far_o as_o it_o exceed_v a_o provision_n suitable_a to_o the_o party_n 27._o of_o july_n 1677._o short_a and_o burnet_n contra_fw-la murrays_n yet_o the_o want_n of_o a_o contract_n do_v not_o sustain_v a_o donation_n by_o a_o wife_n to_o her_o husband_n to_o who_o she_o assign_v a_o heritable_a bond_n the_o husband_n be_v natural_o oblige_v to_o provide_v for_o his_o wife_n and_o not_o the_o wife_n for_o her_o husband_n december_n 15._o 1676._o inglis_n of_o east-shield_n against_o lowry_n of_o blackwood_n and_o a_o assignation_n to_o a_o heritable_a bond_n by_o a_o wife_n to_o a_o three_o party_n but_o to_o the_o husband_n behoove_v find_v revockable_a by_o the_o wife_n after_o the_o husband_n death_n even_o against_o the_o husband_n singular_a successor_n for_o cause_n onerous_a the_o trust_n be_v prove_v by_o write_n june_n 17._o 1677._o margaret_n pearson_n contra_fw-la mclane_n yea_o a_o donation_n by_o a_o wife_n by_o assignation_n of_o her_o former_a jointure_n to_o her_o husband_n behoove_v find_v revockable_a though_o there_o be_v no_o contract_n unless_o the_o husband_n have_v give_v a_o remuneratory_n provision_n january_n 22._o 1673._o janet_n watson_n contra_fw-la bruce_n and_o a_o wife_n consent_n to_o a_o contract_n of_o wodset_n of_o her_o life-rent_a land_n with_o a_o back-tack_n to_o the_o husband_n only_o find_v valid_a as_o to_o the_o creditor_n but_o revockable_a as_o to_o the_o husband_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o back-tack_n declare_v the_o same_o to_o belong_v to_o she_o for_o her_o life-rent_a use_n that_o she_o may_v enjoy_v the_o superplus_n more_o than_o the_o annualrent_n june_n 28._o 1673._o arnot_n contra_fw-la buta_fw-la donation_n by_o a_o husband_n to_o his_o wife_n child_n of_o a_o former_a marriage_n be_v not_o find_v revockable_a though_o do_v at_o his_o wife_n desire_n january_n 15._o 1669._o hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la ba_n nor_o by_o a_o wife_n subscribe_v her_o husband_n testament_n by_o which_o her_o life-rent_a land_n be_v provide_v to_o her_o daughter_n july_n 12._o 1671._o marjory_n murray_n contra_fw-la isobel_n murray_n such_o donation_n be_v also_o annul_v by_o the_o wife_n adultery_n and_o divorce_n as_o all_o donation_n be_v revockable_a for_o ingratitude_n hope_n donatio_fw-la inter_fw-la virum_fw-la &_o vxorem_fw-la margaret_n dowglas_n contra_fw-la aitoun_n a_o bond_n conceive_v to_o a_o man_n and_o wife_n and_o her_o heir_n find_v a_o donation_n by_o the_o man_n who_o mean_n it_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v and_o revockable_a by_o he_o after_o her_o death_n and_o a_o tack_v take_v by_o he_o to_o himself_o and_o his_o wife_n in_o life-rent_a be_v find_v revockable_a by_o a_o posterior_n tack_v thereof_o to_o himself_o and_o his_o brother_n son_n december_n 21._o 1638_o laird_n of_o craigmiller_n contra_fw-la relict_n of_o gavin_n 〈◊〉_d yet_o thereafter_o it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o same_o case_n january_n 30._o 1639._o that_o in_o respect_n the_o 〈◊〉_d be_v set_v by_o a_o three_o person_n and_o that_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v to_o be_v by_o the_o man_n 〈◊〉_d that_o the_o back-tack_n to_o the_o wife_n be_v not_o revockable_a but_o a_o donation_n betwixt_o man_n and_o wife_n alter_v their_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v do_v before_o the_o marriage_n itself_o be_v not_o find_v revockable_a january_n 23._o 1680._o john_n home_n contra_fw-la john_n and_o george_n homes_n yea_o where_o the_o donation_n do_v bear_v date_n before_o the_o marriage_n the_o husband_n heir_n prove_v the_o write_v antedate_v and_o that_o it_o be_v true_o after_o the_o marriage_n the_o donation_n be_v therefore_o find_v revockable_a july_n 24._o 1667._o earl_n of_o dumfermling_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o callender_n 15._o to_o come_v to_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n after_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o marriage_n we_o must_v distinguish_v the_o dissolution_n thereof_o which_o fall_v by_o death_n with_o in_o year_n and_o day_n from_o the_o solemnize_n thereof_o and_o that_o which_o be_v dissolve_v thereafter_o for_o by_o our_o custom_n this_o be_v singular_a which_o be_v find_v no_o where_o else_o in_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n that_o if_o the_o marriage_n dissolve_v within_o year_n and_o day_n after_o the_o solemnize_n thereof_o all_o thing_n do_v in_o contemplation_n of_o the_o marriage_n become_v void_a and_o return_v to_o the_o condition_n wherein_o they_o be_v before_o the_o same_o and_o so_o the_o tocher_n return_v back_o to_o the_o wife_n or_o these_o from_o who_o it_o come_v and_o she_o have_v no_o benefit_n or_o any_o interest_n either_o in_o the_o movable_n or_o heretables_n either_o by_o law_n or_o contract_n provide_v to_o she_o nor_o have_v he_o any_o interest_n in_o she_o unless_o there_o be_v a_o live_a child_n bear_v which_o be_v hear_v cry_n or_o weep_v in_o which_o case_n marriage_n have_v the_o same_o effect_n as_o to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n as_o if_o it_o endure_v beyond_o the_o year_n and_o this_o be_v extend_v to_o both_o the_o marriage_n of_o maid_n and_o widow_n july_n 23._o 1634._o maxwel_o contra_fw-la harestones_n and_o extend_v also_o to_o a_o infeftment_n by_o a_o husband_n to_o a_o wife_n though_o it_o have_v no_o relation_n to_o the_o marriage_n but_o be_v only_o presume_v to_o be_v hoc_fw-la intuitu_fw-la november_n 16._o 1633._o grant_v contra_fw-la grant_v and_o not_o only_o extend_v to_o the_o wife_n and_o husband_n and_o their_o heir_n but_o to_o any_o other_o person_n concern_v restitution_n be_v make_v hincinde_n of_o all_o do_v 〈◊〉_d matrimonii_fw-la june_n 8._o 1610._o laird_n of_o caddel_n contra_fw-la elizabeth_n ross_n yea_o a_o disposition_n by_o a_o father_n to_o a_o son_n of_o his_o estate_n in_o contemplation_n of_o
28._o 1632._o laird_n of_o ludquharn_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o haddo_n this_o be_v presume_v prasumptione_fw-la juris_fw-la so_o that_o the_o narrative_a bear_v another_o clause_n be_v not_o respect_v and_o therefore_o a_o tutor_n acquire_v a_o discharge_n or_o assignation_n of_o a_o annualrent_a due_a by_o the_o pupil_n to_o his_o mother_n the_o same_o be_v find_v to_o accress_v to_o the_o pupil_n though_o it_o bear_v love_n and_o favour_n and_o for_o the_o tutor_n pain_n and_o discharge_v the_o office_n march_v 15._o 1629._o white_a contra_fw-la dowglas_n hope_v tutor_n duer_n contra_fw-la duer_n neither_o have_v the_o tutor_n ordinary_o action_n against_o the_o pupil_n till_o his_o office_n end_n and_o then_o he_o may_v pursue_v as_o a_o stranger_n hope_n de_fw-fr minoribus_fw-la nasmith_n contra_fw-la nasmith_n likewise_o he_o may_v apprise_v the_o pupil_n land_n for_o his_o own_o debt_n the_o pupil_n have_v other_o tutor_n hope_v de_fw-fr haeredibus_fw-la white_a contra_fw-la calderwood_n so_o a_o tutrix_fw-la nominat_fw-la sine_fw-la qua_fw-la non_fw-la be_v admit_v to_o pursue_v a_o registration_n of_o her_o contract_n of_o marriage_n against_o her_o pupil_n there_o be_v more_o tutor_n nominat_fw-la and_o she_o have_v renounce_v her_o office_n though_o she_o have_v act_v by_o subscribe_v deed_n not_o hurtful_a to_o the_o pupil_n july_n 30._o 1625._o lady_n stanyhill_n contra_fw-la she_o son_n 18._o tutor_n may_v only_o do_v necessary_a deed_n for_o their_o pupil_n either_o such_o as_o the_o pupil_n be_v oblige_v to_o do_v as_o payment_n of_o his_o debt_n which_o the_o tutor_n may_v do_v willing_o without_o compulsion_n of_o law_n or_o otherwise_o deed_n necessary_a for_o manage_v of_o his_o estate_n and_o set_v of_o his_o land_n or_o labour_v the_o same_o uplift_v his_o rent_n and_o annualrent_n uplift_v the_o sum_n that_o be_v not_o secure_v carry_v on_o any_o work_n which_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o pupil_n which_o can_v otherwise_o be_v dispose_v of_o but_o tutor_n can_v sell_v the_o land_n or_o heritable_a right_n of_o their_o minor_n without_o a_o interveen_a decreet_a of_o a_o judge_n tit._n ff_n de_fw-fr rebus_fw-la eorum_fw-la qui_fw-la sub_fw-la tutela_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o any_o such_o alienation_n be_v null_a without_o the_o cognition_n aforesaid_a which_o must_v be_v by_o call_v the_o creditor_n of_o the_o pupil_n and_o his_o near_a friend_n to_o hear_v and_o see_v it_o find_v that_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n to_o sell_v the_o whole_a or_o a_o part_n of_o his_o heritable_a right_n and_o that_o the_o rate_n thereof_o may_v be_v determine_v in_o which_o it_o must_v appear_v that_o the_o pupil_n debt_n can_v otherways_o be_v satisfy_v the_o law_n allow_v the_o like_a in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o pupil_n aliment_n which_o can_v be_v afford_v otherways_o alienation_n so_o make_v be_v not_o easy_o reduceable_a or_o the_o pupil_n or_o minor_n restore_v against_o the_o same_o if_o the_o true_a cause_n have_v be_v know_v to_o the_o judge_n but_o not_o so_o if_o that_o have_v be_v latent_fw-la either_o dolo_fw-la or_o lata_fw-la culpa_fw-la l._n 11._o cod._n de_fw-fr praed_fw-we minor_fw-la non_fw-la alien_a and_o therefore_o a_o tutor_n assignation_n of_o his_o son_n and_o pupil_n mail_n and_o duty_n for_o the_o tutor_n own_o debt_n be_v find_v null_a by_o exception_n even_o at_o the_o pupil_n tenant_n instance_n spot_n assignation_n land_n contra_fw-la land_n yet_o a_o tutor_n ratification_n of_o a_o reduceable_a decreet_a give_v against_o his_o minor_a be_v find_v valide_fw-la though_o voluntar_n be_v in_o re_fw-mi antiqua_fw-la spot_n tutor_n earl_n of_o kinghorn_n contra_fw-la george_n strang._n 19_o tutor_n and_o pro-tutor_n be_v liable_a for_o annualrent_n of_o their_o pupil_n money_n which_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o make_v profitable_a in_o so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v either_o liquid_a sum_n that_o they_o have_v in_o specie_fw-la or_o which_o the_o tutor_n take_v up_o which_o be_v make_v up_o of_o their_o pupil_n movable_n or_o rent_n of_o land_n after_o a_o term_n in_o money_n rend_v and_o a_o year_n in_o victual_n from_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n in_o so_o far_o as_o it_o be_v not_o employ_v for_o their_o own_o use_n or_o profitable_o for_o pay_v of_o their_o debt_n or_o annualrent_n aliment_v they_o or_o other_o use_v necessary_a according_a to_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o roman_n which_o oblige_v the_o tutor_n after_o he_o have_v the_o money_n two_o month_n in_o his_o hand_n but_o the_o novel_a constitution_n novel_a 72._o cap._n 6._o de_fw-la administrat_fw-la pecun_fw-fr pupilli_fw-la etc._n etc._n it_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o arbitrament_n of_o the_o tutor_n either_o to_o keep_v the_o pupil_n money_n by_o he_o or_o to_o employ_v it_o for_o profit_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o by_o our_o custom_n annualrent_n be_v due_a even_o after_o the_o office_n be_v extinct_a by_o marriage_n the_o tutrix_fw-la have_v continue_v her_o intromission_n though_o there_o be_v other_o tutor_n july_n 17._o 1630._o vallange_n contra_fw-la kincaid_n but_o not_o for_o annual_a of_o the_o pupil_n annualrent_a though_o the_o tutor_n receive_v the_o same_o and_o they_o be_v great_a july_n 18._o 1629._o nasmith_n contra_fw-la nasmith_n but_o it_o be_v late_o find_v that_o a_o tutor_n by_o his_o office_n and_o diligence_n be_v oblige_v to_o lift_v and_o employ_v the_o pupil_n annualrent_n of_o sum_n in_o secure_a hand_n once_o in_o his_o tutory_a and_o so_o pay_v annual_a for_o the_o annualrent_n of_o his_o pupil_n sum_n omit_v to_o be_v uplift_v by_o he_o but_o only_o from_o the_o expire_n of_o the_o tutory_a january_n 27._o 1665._o mr._n william_n kintor_n advocate_n contra_fw-la john_n boid_n so_o a_o tutor_n be_v find_v liable_a for_o the_o annualrent_a of_o his_o pupil_n annualrent_a within_o a_o year_n after_o his_o acceptance_n but_o not_o for_o the_o current_a annualrent_n during_o the_o tutory_a he_o leave_v the_o same_o employ_v for_o annualrent_a at_o the_o ishe_a thereof_o february_n 27._o 1673._o isobel_n dowglas_n contra_fw-la john_n grace_n a_o tutor_n heir_n be_v minor_a find_v not_o liable_a but_o only_o for_o annual_a after_o the_o intent_v of_o the_o cause_n the_o pursuer_fw-mi being_n silent_a twenty_o five_o year_n february_n 22._o 1634._o davidson_n contra_fw-la jack_n neither_o be_v the_o heir_n find_v liable_a for_o annualrent_n where_o the_o father_n die_v during_o his_o tutory_a hope_n the_o haered_a graham_n contra_fw-la crichtoun_n january_n 21._o 1665._o kintor_n contra_fw-la boyd_n 20._o tutor_n be_v liable_a for_o their_o minor_n and_o must_v be_v convene_v with_o they_o by_o their_o creditor_n for_o their_o interest_n and_o be_v also_o decern_v with_o they_o for_o their_o interest_n upon_o which_o decreet_n personal_a execution_n be_v competent_a against_o tutor_n for_o any_o deed_n prestable_a by_o they_o by_o their_o office_n for_o example_n he_o may_v be_v compel_v to_o receive_v a_o vassal_n who_o the_o pupil_n predecessor_n be_v oblige_v to_o receive_v or_o grant_v a_o tack_v of_o land_n or_o a_o charter_n or_o seize_v where_o there_o have_v be_v a_o disposition_n before_o but_o in_o decreet_n for_o payment_n of_o liquid_a sum_n execution_n can_v be_v make_v against_o the_o mean_n of_o tutor_n unless_o they_o be_v special_o decern_v to_o make_v forthcoming_a so_o much_o of_o the_o pupil_n mean_n as_o they_o have_v in_o their_o hand_n for_o satisfy_v of_o the_o debt_n in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n which_o though_o it_o be_v oft_o do_v by_o a_o second_o process_n yet_o may_v be_v a_o distinct_a member_n of_o the_o first_o or_o by_o way_n of_o special_a charge_n in_o the_o discuss_n of_o a_o suspension_n raise_v by_o the_o tutor_n against_o creditor_n on_o that_o or_o other_o ground_n but_o the_o tutor_n oath_n be_v not_o sustain_v to_o prove_v against_o the_o pupil_n a_o agreement_n make_v by_o the_o defunct_a though_o there_o be_v concurrent_a probability_n and_o testificate_n december_n 11._o 1664._o eleis_fw-la contra_fw-la eleis_fw-la yet_o the_o tutor_n oath_n be_v sustain_v against_o the_o pupil_n as_o to_o the_o tutor_n intromission_n in_o name_n of_o the_o pupil_n that_o be_v factum_fw-la proprium_fw-la obliege_v also_o himself_o and_o yet_o he_o be_v not_o hold_v as_o confess_v as_o be_v a_o party_n but_o be_v compel_v to_o depone_n by_o caption_n june_n 27._o 1665._o mr._n walter_n cant_n contra_fw-la james_n loch_n 21._o the_o last_o duty_n of_o tutor_n be_v to_o make_v a_o account_n and_o to_o restore_v and_o refound_v wherein_o they_o will_v be_v liable_a to_o account_v and_o satisfy_v for_o the_o pupil_n whole_a mean_n and_o estate_n not_o only_o for_o their_o intromission_n but_o for_o their_o omission_n and_o for_o such_o diligence_n as_o they_o use_v in_o their_o own_o affair_n which_o seem_v sufficient_a in_o tutor_n testamentar_n see_v the_o office_n be_v gratuitous_a and_o free_a and_o not_o seek_v by_o they_o but_o in_o tutor_n of_o law_n and_o
the_o minor_n deed_n find_a void_a notwithstanding_o december_n 19_o 1632._o maxwel_o contra_fw-la earl_n of_o nithisdail_n but_o this_o be_v not_o extend_v to_o necessary_a furnish_n of_o clothes_n take_v on_o without_o consent_n of_o curatour_n which_o be_v sustain_v by_o reply_n february_n 5._o 1631._o john_n inglis_n contra_fw-la executour_n of_o john_n sharp_n 34._o the_o civil_a law_n seem_v not_o to_o extend_v the_o consent_n of_o curator_n as_o necessary_a to_o concur_v with_o the_o minor_a make_v his_o latter_a will_n but_o only_o to_o deed_n among_o the_o live_n because_o law_n have_v reject_v all_o tie_n and_o hindrance_n of_o full_a liberty_n in_o testament_n of_o defunct_n in_o the_o disposal_n of_o their_o good_n and_o therefore_o if_o a_o minor_a have_v curator_n do_v in_o his_o testament_n say_v quaestionem_fw-la curatoribus_fw-la meis_fw-la 〈◊〉_d faciat_fw-la eam_fw-la nam_fw-la ipse_fw-la tractavi_fw-la in_o that_o case_n curatour_n be_v liable_a for_o restitution_n of_o what_o they_o have_v of_o the_o minor_n good_n by_o fraud_n but_o not_o for_o a_o complete_a diligence_n l._n 20._o §_o 1._o ff_n de_fw-fr liberatione_n legata_fw-la and_o by_o our_o custom_n minor_n have_v curatour_n may_v test_n without_o their_o consent_n and_o therefore_o a_o minor_a make_v his_o curator_n his_o executor_n and_o universal_a legatar_n though_o the_o minor_n be_v with_o the_o curator_n when_o he_o test_a and_o die_v short_o after_o and_o his_o near_a relation_n be_v not_o acquaint_v who_o he_o have_v name_v in_o a_o former_a testament_n it_o be_v sustain_v here_o no_o threat_n nor_o importunity_n be_v allege_v november_n 30._o 1680._o stevinson_n contra_fw-la allans_n there_o be_v other_o two_o privilege_n of_o minor_n which_o can_v be_v so_o convenient_o speak_v to_o as_o in_o this_o place_n the_o one_o be_v that_o minor_n be_v restore_v against_o deed_n do_v by_o they_o in_o their_o minority_n to_o their_o enorm_a lesion_n the_o other_o be_v minor_n non_fw-la tenetur_fw-la placitare_fw-la super_fw-la haereditate_fw-la paterna_fw-la as_o to_o the_o first_o minority_n and_o lesion_n be_v the_o ordinary_a ground_n of_o reduction_n but_o because_o they_o be_v facti_fw-la and_o abide_v probation_n they_o be_v not_o receivable_a by_o exception_n if_o he_o who_o pursue_v the_o minor_a can_v instant_o instruct_v his_o pursuit_n but_o if_o he_o take_v a_o term_n to_o prove_v the_o minor_a may_v take_v the_o same_o term_n to_o prove_v his_o minority_n which_o do_v not_o acknowledge_v the_o libel_n or_o free_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi from_o probation_n thereof_o or_o if_o the_o minority_n be_v instant_o verify_v as_o sometime_o it_o be_v by_o sight_n of_o the_o minor_n person_n there_o be_v no_o difference_n as_o to_o the_o restitution_n of_o minor_n though_o the_o deed_n be_v do_v with_o consent_n of_o curator_n nor_o do_v it_o exclude_v a_o minor_a because_o his_o pretend_a curator_n have_v receive_v the_o money_n in_o question_n and_o so_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o minor_a for_o misemploy_v it_o as_o behave_v themselves_o as_o curatour_n upon_o pretence_n that_o his_o lesion_n can_v not_o be_v know_v till_o they_o be_v discuss_v they_o not_o be_v in_o this_o process_n july_n 2._o 1667._o lord_n blantyre_n contra_fw-la walkinshaw_n but_o this_o remeid_v be_v not_o competent_a for_o every_o small_a lesion_n but_o it_o must_v be_v enorm_a which_o be_v in_o arbitrio_fw-la judicis_fw-la neither_o be_v a_o minor_a restore_v against_o lesion_n which_o fall_v not_o by_o levity_n but_o by_o accident_n as_o by_o shipwreck_n the_o minor_a be_v a_o trade_n merchant_n hope_n de_fw-fr minoribus_fw-la william_n edgar_n contra_fw-la executour_n of_o edward_n edgar_n neither_o because_o he_o be_v bind_v conjunct_o and_o several_o for_o ware_n with_o another_o merchant_n who_o be_v in_o society_n with_o he_o in_o trading_n june_n 20._o 1678._o george_n galbraith_n contra_fw-la patrick_n lesly_n because_o trading_n merchant_n and_o other_o exercise_v trade_n require_v peculiar_a skill_n capacity_n and_o understanding_n be_v hold_v rather_o to_o design_n to_o deceive_v then_o to_o be_v deceive_v as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o nottar_n public_a july_n 14._o 1636._o gardner_n contra_fw-la chalmers_n neither_o be_v a_o minor_a restore_v upon_o his_o judicial_a confession_n upon_o oath_n upon_o point_n of_o fact_n and_o swear_v never_o to_o come_v in_o the_o contrair_n november_n 28._o 1626._o mr._n thomas_n hope_v and_o mr._n thomas_n nicolson_n contra_fw-la mr._n james_n nicolson_n neither_o be_v a_o minor_a restore_v against_o his_o promise_n upon_o oath_n to_o quit_v twenty_o chalder_n of_o victual_n provide_v to_o he_o by_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n as_o not_o lese_v by_o keep_v his_o oath_n which_o be_v conform_v to_o the_o authentic_a sacramenta_fw-la puberum_fw-la november_n 1626._o sir_n robert_n hepburn_n contra_fw-la sir_n john_n scatoun_n and_o it_o be_v find_v relevant_a against_o restitution_n of_o a_o minor_a of_o a_o bond_n grant_v for_o a_o debt_n of_o his_o father_n who_o he_o represent_v not_o that_o he_o swear_v to_o perform_v the_o same_o february_n 10._o 1672._o mr._n george_n wauch_n contra_fw-la bailzie_n of_o dunraget_n but_o a_o minor_a have_v not_o the_o privilege_n to_o reduce_v a_o disposition_n of_o land_n without_o authority_n of_o a_o judge_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o pupil_n unless_o he_o also_o allege_v lesion_n february_n 2._o 1630._o sir_n john_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la john_n sharp_n the_o like_a though_o the_o minor_n have_v no_o curatour_n december_n 13._o 1666._o janet_n 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la stevenson_n neither_o be_v restitution_n competent_a unless_o reduction_n be_v intent_a within_o the_o age_n of_o twenty_o five_o complete_a for_o with_o we_o majority_n come_v at_o the_o age_n of_o twenty_o one_o complete_a and_o there_o be_v four_o year_n allow_v to_o minor_n to_o intent_n reduction_n which_o therefore_o be_v call_v anni_fw-la utiles_fw-la nicolson_n de_fw-fr minoribus_fw-la james_n goodlet_n contra_fw-la doctor_n austin_n and_o other_o laird_n of_o craigie_n contra_fw-la dunbar_n a_o minor_n be_v restore_v against_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n wherein_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o infeft_a his_o first_o bear_v son_n in_o fee_n of_o his_o whole_a estate_n which_o be_v very_o considerable_a have_v get_v but_o ten_o thousand_o mark_n of_o tocher_n march_v 7._o 1623._o laird_n of_o barganie_fw-la contra_fw-la his_fw-la son_n the_o like_a where_o a_o minor_a get_n but_o a_o thousand_o mark_n of_o tocher_n provide_v five_o thousand_o mark_n to_o his_o wife_n father_n in_o case_n of_o no_o succession_n but_o not_o restore_v against_o that_o part_n of_o his_o contract_n provide_v all_o his_o mean_n acquire_v and_o to_o be_v acquire_v in_o liserent_a to_o his_o wife_n june_n 4._o 1632._o alexanderi_fw-la donaldson_n contra_fw-la and_o a_o minor_a woman_n be_v restore_v against_o the_o exorbitancy_n of_o her_o contract_n of_o marriage_n november_n 22._o 1674._o margaret_n mcgill_n contra_fw-la rive_v of_o gairn_n but_o here_o she_o be_v only_o restore_v to_o a_o suitable_a liferent_a but_o not_o against_o that_o provision_n in_o her_o contract_n provide_v her_o land_n and_o sum_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n 〈◊〉_d failzie_v to_o the_o man_n heir_n the_o like_a as_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o a_o woman_n who_o have_v land_n worth_a twelve_o hundred_o mark_n yearly_a the_o husband_n be_v of_o a_o more_o honourable_a birth_n nicolson_n de_fw-fr minoribus_fw-la slemen_fw-mi contra_fw-la ker._n the_o like_a where_o the_o wife_n dispone_v her_o land_n to_o her_o husband_n who_o mean_n be_v altogether_o unanswerable_a spot_n husband_n fleming_n contra_fw-la mr._n robert_n hog_n minor_n be_v also_o restore_v against_o judicial_a act_n to_o their_o lesion_n as_o against_o a_o decreet_a of_o exoneration_n of_o his_o tutor_n with_o concourse_n of_o his_o curatour_n before_o the_o lord_n in_o foro_fw-la contradictorio_fw-la december_n 1._o 1638._o william_n stuart_n contra_fw-la robert_n stuart_n hope_n universal_a and_o lucrative_a successor_n know_v contra_fw-la know_v and_o watson_n and_o against_o a_o defence_n propon_v by_o a_o advocate_n without_o special_a mandat_fw-la which_o do_v homologat_v a_o deed_n in_o minority_n february_n 14._o 1677._o duke_n and_o duchess_n of_o bucleuch_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o tweeadale_n in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v find_v that_o accept_v a_o illiquid_fw-la right_o for_o a_o liquid_a be_v no_o enorm_a lesion_n infer_v restitution_n but_o restitution_n be_v exclude_v si_fw-mi monor_n se_fw-la majorem_fw-la dixerit_fw-la nam_fw-la deceptis_fw-la non_fw-la decipientibus_fw-la jura_fw-la subveniunt_fw-la as_o where_o the_o minor_n bond_n bore_v express_o that_o he_o be_v major_a and_o that_o the_o creditor_n know_v not_o he_o be_v minor_a by_o his_o aspect_n or_o otherways_o nor_o do_v fraudful_o induce_v he_o to_o insert_v his_o majority_n february_n 23._o 1665._o kennedy_n of_o achtifardel_n contra_fw-la weir_n it_o be_v also_o eleided_a if_o it_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o deed_n in_o question_n be_v profitable_a as_o
debtor_n who_o the_o creditor_n bring_v home_o from_o abroad_o that_o he_o may_v prevent_v the_o diligence_n of_o a_o other_o creditor_n who_o have_v denunce_v that_o debtor_n land_n to_o be_v apprize_v upon_o sixty_o day_n but_o upon_o return_n of_o the_o debtor_n this_o creditor_n denunce_v upon_o fifteen_o day_n and_o so_o do_v first_o apprise_n yet_o the_o first_o denunciation_n and_o last_o appryse_v be_v prefer_v hope_n de_fw-fr dolo_fw-la sir_n hendry_n wardlaw_n contra_fw-la thomas_n dalyel_n and_o the_o liferent_a escheat_n of_o a_o vassal_n be_v exclude_v because_o the_o superior_a upon_o who_o horning_n it_o fall_v have_v take_v payment_n of_o the_o debt_n and_o have_v not_o acquaint_v the_o vassal_n that_o he_o be_v denunce_v that_o he_o may_v have_v relax_v within_o the_o year_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o same_o case_n ibidem_fw-la though_o this_o case_n and_o that_o of_o latent_fw-la insufficiency_n be_v rather_o lata_fw-la culpa_fw-la quae_fw-la dolo_fw-la equiparatur_fw-la for_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o dolus_fw-la &_o lata_fw-la culpa_fw-la be_v that_o dole_n est_fw-la magis_fw-la animi_fw-la and_o oftentimes_o by_o positive_a act_n and_o lata_fw-la culpa_fw-la be_v rather_o facti_fw-la and_o oftentimes_o by_o omission_n of_o that_o which_o the_o party_n be_v oblige_v to_o show_v a_o discharge_n be_v find_v null_n as_o to_o a_o assignee_n to_o a_o bond_n grant_v by_o one_o brother_n to_o another_o the_o discharge_v be_v of_o the_o same_o date_n with_o the_o bond_n which_o can_v have_v no_o construction_n but_o that_o the_o brother_n by_o assign_v the_o bond_n may_v deceive_v december_n 4._o 1665._o thomson_n contra_fw-la henderson_n and_o a_o discharge_v by_o a_o son_n to_o his_o father_n of_o a_o sum_n provide_v to_o he_o by_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n without_o satisfaction_n but_o upon_o agreement_n betwixt_o the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n the_o time_n of_o the_o contract_n that_o the_o sum_n in_o the_o contract_n shall_v be_v discharge_v gratis_o be_v find_v fraudulent_a and_o null_a as_o to_o the_o son_n creditor_n who_o trade_v with_o he_o even_o after_o the_o discharge_v january_n 21._o 1680._o isobel_n caddel_n contra_fw-la john_n raith_n and_o a_o liferent_a by_o a_o husband_n to_o his_o wife_n of_o his_o whole_a estate_n provide_v she_o dispone_v the_o half_a to_o the_o child_n of_o the_o marriage_n be_v find_v fraudulent_a as_o to_o that_o half_a and_o the_o creditor_n of_o the_o husband_n prefer_v to_o the_o child_n therein_o december_n 23._o 1679._o john_n erskin_n contra_fw-la carnagy_n and_o smith_n but_o where_o the_o liferent_a be_v but_o suitable_a to_o the_o party_n a_o clause_n therein_o that_o so_o much_o of_o it_o shall_v be_v apply_v for_o the_o aliment_n of_o the_o child_n that_o clause_n be_v not_o find_v fraudulent_a in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o husband_n creditor_n but_o be_v sustain_v to_o the_o child_n it_o flow_v only_o from_o the_o mother_n november_n 16._o 1668._o wat_fw-mi contra_fw-la russel_n 12._o under_o fraud_n simulation_n and_o collusion_n be_v comprehend_v simulation_n occur_v main_o in_o two_o case_n in_o disposition_n retenta_fw-la possessione_n for_o although_o the_o disposition_n be_v deliver_v and_o that_o there_o be_v instrument_n of_o delivery_n of_o the_o good_n dispone_v yet_o if_o the_o natural_a possession_n be_v retain_v the_o disposition_n be_v presume_v simulat_fw-la and_o other_o affect_v the_o thing_n dispone_v by_o legal_a diligence_n or_o by_o natural_a possession_n be_v prefer_v simulation_n in_o gift_n of_o escheat_n and_o liferent_a be_v very_o frequent_a and_o easy_o presume_v retenta_fw-la possessione_n vide_fw-la tit._n 25._o §_o 12._o 13._o collusion_n occur_v chief_o when_o the_o debtor_n or_o common_a author_n oppose_v some_o creditor_n and_o concur_v with_o other_o that_o these_o may_v attain_v the_o first_o complete_a diligence_n which_o import_v direct_a fraud_n or_o if_o he_o oppose_v one_o though_o he_o do_v not_o concur_v with_o a_o other_o but_o only_o not_o oppose_v that_o other_o his_o opposition_n be_v hold_v as_o fraudulent_a 14._o fraud_n give_v remeid_v by_o reparation_n to_o all_o that_o be_v damnify_v thereby_o against_o the_o actor_n of_o the_o fraud_n either_o by_o anull_v of_o the_o contract_n or_o other_o deed_n elicit_v or_o induce_v by_o fraud_n or_o by_o make_v up_o the_o damnage_n sustain_v by_o the_o fraud_n at_o the_o option_n of_o the_o injure_a and_o so_o fraud_n be_v sustain_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o seller_n to_o annul_v a_o bargain_n of_o sale_n of_o wine_n deliver_v to_o a_o skipper_n upon_o the_o buyer_n order_n because_o the_o time_n of_o that_o order_n the_o buyer_n know_v himself_o to_o be_v insolvent_a which_o may_v appear_v by_o his_o book_n and_o though_o the_o wine_n be_v arrest_v by_o a_o creditor_n of_o the_o buyer_n in_o the_o ship_n and_o a_o decreet_a for_o make_v forthcoming_a recover_v yet_o the_o wine_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v restore_v to_o the_o seller_n december_n 22._o 1680._o magnus_n prince_n contra_fw-la peter_n pallet_n 15._o reparation_n of_o fraud_n be_v not_o only_o competent_a to_o the_o party_n defraud_v but_o also_o to_o his_o creditor_n or_o assignays_n for_o which_o the_o roman_n have_v a_o peculiar_a remeid_v per_fw-la actionem_fw-la paulianam_fw-la for_o anull_v all_o deed_n in_o fraudem_fw-la creditorum_fw-la in_o imitation_n whereof_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n make_v a_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la in_o july_n 1620._o against_o unlawful_a disposition_n and_o alienation_n make_v by_o dyver_n and_o bankrupt_n which_o be_v ratify_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1621._o cap._n 18._o by_o this_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la the_o lord_n declare_v that_o according_a to_o the_o power_n give_v to_o they_o to_o set_v down_o order_n for_o administration_n of_o justice_n mean_v to_o follow_v and_o practice_v the_o good_a and_o commendable_a law_n civil_a and_o canon_n make_v against_o fraudful_a alienation_n in_o prejudice_n of_o creditor_n against_o the_o author_n and_o partaker_n of_o such_o fraud_n that_o they_o will_v decern_v all_o alienation_n disposition_n assignation_n and_o translation_n make_v by_o the_o debtor_n of_o any_o of_o his_o land_n teind_n reversion_n action_n debt_n or_o good_n whatsoever_o to_o any_o conjunct_a and_o confident_a person_n without_o true_a just_a and_o necessary_a cause_n and_o without_o a_o just_a price_n real_o pay_v the_o same_o be_v do_v after_o contract_v of_o lawful_a debt_n to_o have_v be_v from_o the_o begin_n null_n by_o way_n of_o action_n or_o exception_n without_o further_a declarator_n but_o prejudice_n to_o purchaser_n of_o the_o bankrupt_n land_n and_o good_n for_o just_a and_o competent_a price_n or_o in_o satisfaction_n of_o their_o lawful_a debt_n from_o the_o interpose_a person_n but_o the_o receiver_n of_o the_o price_n from_o the_o buyer_n shall_v be_v hold_v to_o make_v it_o forthcoming_a to_o the_o creditor_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v by_o write_v or_o oath_n of_o the_o receiver_n of_o the_o disposition_n from_o the_o bankrupt_a that_o the_o same_o be_v make_v without_o a_o true_a and_o just_a cause_n or_o that_o the_o land_n and_o good_n be_v sell_v by_o he_o that_o buy_v they_o from_o the_o dyver_n that_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o price_n be_v convert_v or_o to_o be_v convert_v to_o the_o bankrupt_n profit_n and_o use_v and_o in_o case_n the_o bankrupt_a or_o interpose_a person_n shall_v make_v any_o voluntar_n payment_n or_o right_o to_o any_o person_n he_o shall_v be_v hold_v to_o make_v the_o same_o forthcoming_a to_o the_o creditor_n have_v use_v the_o first_o lawful_a diligence_n and_o he_o shall_v be_v prefer_v to_o the_o con-creditor_n who_o be_v posterior_n to_o he_o in_o diligence_n have_v obtain_v payment_n by_o the_o partial_a favour_n of_o the_o debtor_n or_o his_o interpose_a confident_a and_o shall_v recover_v from_o the_o say_a creditor_n what_o he_o have_v so_o obtain_v but_o what_o the_o interpose_a person_n have_v pay_v or_o assign_v to_o the_o bankrupt_n lawful_a creditor_n before_o preferable_a diligence_n do_v by_o other_o shall_v be_v allow_v to_o he_o and_o he_o shall_v be_v liable_a to_o make_v forthcoming_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o price_n yea_o the_o said_n bankrupt_n and_o interpose_v person_n and_o all_o other_o who_o shall_v give_v counsel_n and_o assistance_n in_o devise_v and_o practise_v the_o fraud_n shall_v be_v hold_v infamous_a incapable_a of_o honour_n dignity_n or_o office_n or_o to_o be_v witness_n or_o assyzer_n this_o excellent_a statute_n have_v be_v clear_v by_o limitation_n and_o extention_n in_o multitude_n of_o decision_n occur_v since_o relate_v to_o defraud_v of_o creditor_n which_o be_v of_o the_o great_a importance_n for_o public_a good_a and_o security_n we_o shall_v distinct_o and_o in_o order_n hold_v forth_o the_o several_a case_n that_o have_v be_v decide_v in_o this_o matter_n first_o then_o though_o the_o statute_n be_v only_o in_o favour_n of_o anterior_a
be_v make_v thereon_o the_o time_n of_o the_o poind_n neither_o when_o keep_v on_o the_o ground_n for_o the_o master_n rent_n by_o his_o servant_n see_v they_o express_v not_o that_o cause_n nor_o crave_v not_o security_n therefore_o from_o the_o poynder_n february_n 1._o 1628._o laird_n of_o halkertoun_n contra_fw-la kadie_n and_o grieves_n but_o if_o it_o have_v be_v express_o for_o the_o rent_n rest_v it_o will_v not_o infer_v deforcement_n if_o such_o be_v true_o rest_v neither_o do_v resistance_n of_o poind_v of_o plough-goods_a in_o labour_v time_n where_o there_o be_v other_o good_n sufficient_a infer_v deforcement_n february_n last_o 1561._o abbot_n of_o kilwinning_n contra_fw-la tenant_n stop_v of_o poind_v by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o groundor_n landlord_n of_o a_o house_n for_o that_o year_n rend_v infer_v not_o deforcement_n december_n 7._o 1630._o dick_n contra_fw-la land_n or_o that_o he_o hinder_v entry_n unless_o there_o be_v special_a warrant_n in_o the_o letter_n to_o make_v open_a door_n 30._o contravention_n as_o it_o signify_v any_o act_n do_v against_o lawborrow_n so_o it_o imply_v the_o obligation_n of_o the_o contraveen_a and_o the_o personal_a right_n which_o the_o user_n of_o the_o lawborrow_n have_v thereby_o and_o likewise_o the_o action_n by_o which_o it_o be_v pursue_v for_o the_o uptake_n of_o all_o it_o must_v be_v consider_v what_o lawborrow_n be_v which_o the_o word_n itself_o insinuat_v to_o be_v caution_n find_v to_o do_v nothing_o but_o by_o order_n of_o law_n for_o a_o burrow_n or_o burgh_n in_o our_o ancient_a language_n be_v a_o cautioner_n and_o lawborrow_n be_v caution_n to_o keep_v the_o law_n the_o reason_n hereof_o be_v the_o safety_n and_o security_n of_o the_o people_n who_o in_o equity_n have_v no_o more_o than_o the_o reparation_n of_o the_o damnage_n they_o sustain_v through_o delinquence_n or_o illegal_a act_n but_o to_o prevent_v such_o and_o terrify_v evil_a doer_n a_o great_a penalty_n than_o reparation_n be_v appoint_v according_a to_o the_o quality_n and_o estate_n of_o the_o injurer_n par._n 1593._o cap._n 166._o the_o half_a of_o the_o penalty_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o injure_v and_o the_o other_o half_o be_v public_a par._n 1581._o cap._n 117._o by_o the_o narrative_a of_o which_o statute_n it_o be_v clear_a that_o before_o lawborrows_n be_v grant_v only_o for_o safety_n against_o bodily_a harm_n in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o complainer_n yet_o for_o the_o reason_n therein_o express_v the_o same_o be_v extend_v that_o the_o complainer_n their_o wife_n bairn_n 〈◊〉_d and_o servant_n shall_v be_v harmless_a and_o skaithless_a in_o their_o body_n land_n tack_n possession_n good_n and_o gear_n and_o no_o way_n molest_v or_o trouble_v therein_o by_o the_o person_n complain_v on_o nor_o no_o other_o of_o their_o cause_v send_v hound_v out_o ressetting_n command_n assistance_n and_o ratihabition_n who_o they_o may_v stop_v or_o let_v direct_o or_o indirect_o otherways_o then_o by_o order_n of_o law_n or_o justice_n by_o the_o same_o statute_n it_o be_v also_o evident_a that_o lawborrow_n be_v grant_v upon_o the_o supplication_n of_o party_n fear_v harm_n who_o without_o cite_v the_o other_o party_n but_o make_v faith_n upon_o their_o complaint_n have_v letter_n of_o horning_n summary_o to_o charge_v the_o party_n complain_v on_o to_o find_v caution_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la and_o if_o caution_n be_v find_v the_o action_n of_o contravention_n do_v proceed_v upon_o and_o conform_v to_o the_o act_n of_o caution_n but_o if_o obedience_n be_v not_o give_v the_o complainer_n may_v proceed_v to_o denunciation_n or_o caption_n but_o the_o contravention_n will_v proceed_v though_o there_o be_v no_o caution_n find_v but_o only_o a_o charge_n upon_o the_o letter_n without_o denunciation_n unless_o the_o charge_n be_v suspend_v as_o use_n to_o be_v do_v when_o the_o penalty_n charge_v for_o be_v exorbitant_a and_o not_o conform_v to_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n january_n 8._o 1628._o john_n semple_n contra_fw-la cunninghame_n contravention_n may_v proceed_v upon_o any_o delinquence_n according_a to_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o act_n of_o caution_n or_o letter_n of_o lawborrow_n which_o though_o very_o comprehensive_a yet_o be_v not_o extend_v to_o act_n do_v without_o order_n of_o law_n be_v matter_n of_o inconsiderable_a moment_n as_o the_o tilling_n up_o of_o some_o furrow_n in_o a_o march_n the_o same_o be_v offer_v to_o be_v lay_v down_o and_o the_o damnage_n to_o be_v repair_v nic._n hic_fw-la nicolson_n contra_fw-la hay_n neither_o be_v it_o sustain_v upon_o any_o illegal_a deed_n when_o the_o matter_n of_o right_o be_v dubious_a as_o in_o matter_n of_o molestation_n before_o the_o cognition_n or_o before_o that_o the_o march_n be_v clear_a spot_n contravention_n laird_n of_o balcaskie_n contra_fw-la florence_n strang._n neither_o upon_o a_o deed_n do_v by_o a_o colourable_a title_n though_o afterward_o reduce_v as_o enter_v in_o possession_n by_o a_o nats_n decreet_a hope_n hic_fw-la george_n moorhead_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o barskub_n neither_o upon_o pasture_v upon_o bound_n controvert_v or_o where_o there_o be_v no_o violence_n nor_o unlawfulness_n in_o pasturage_n upon_o clear_a march_n july_n 14._o 1626._o laird_n of_o grange_n contra_fw-la lesly_n neither_o upon_o a_o deed_n of_o spuilzie_n against_o the_o pursuer_n tenant_n not_o complain_v though_o the_o lawborrow_n bear_v men-tennant_n and_o servant_n to_o be_v harmless_a which_o be_v esteem_v stilus_fw-la curiae_fw-la january_n 28._o 1632._o grant_v contra_fw-la grant_v and_o february_n 9_o 1633._o lindsay_n contra_fw-la dennistoun_n neither_o be_v it_o sustain_v upon_o deed_n do_v by_o the_o defender_n tenant_n without_o allege_v command_n or_o ratihabition_n unless_o the_o deed_n be_v manifest_a or_o know_v to_o their_o master_n as_o in_o conveen_v daily_o and_o cut_v another_o wood_n july_n 9_o 1611._o vauns_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o balnagown_n neither_o upon_o deed_n do_v by_o servant_n without_o warrant_n unless_o they_o be_v menial_a servant_n hope_v bic_n john_n galbraith_n contra_fw-la william_n anderson_n yet_o contravention_n be_v sustain_v upon_o hurt_n do_v to_o the_o pursuer_n servant_n though_o he_o be_v then_o rebel_n be_v afterward_o relax_v hope_n horning_n bruce_n of_o clackmannan_n contra_fw-la bruce_n it_o be_v also_o sustain_v upon_o attempt_n of_o injury_n though_o there_o be_v no_o hurt_n as_o a_o stroke_n on_o the_o clothes_n and_o one_o offer_v to_o strike_v with_o a_o whinger_n december_n 21._o 1609._o greenyard_n contra_fw-la clackmannan_n and_o also_o upon_o a_o violent_a trouble_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi without_o order_n of_o law_n though_o without_o damnage_n spot_n hic_fw-la laird_n of_o balcaskie_n contra_fw-la florence_n strang._n it_o be_v also_o sustain_v upon_o a_o delinquence_n though_o there_o be_v another_o action_n competent_a therefore_o as_o for_o molestation_n november_n 29._o 1609._o dundass_v contra_fw-la cuming_n of_o ironside_n or_o for_o violent_a possession_n after_o warn_v hope_n de_fw-fr actionibus_fw-la cuthbert_n cunninghame_n contra_fw-la but_o if_o the_o other_o ordinar_n action_n be_v insist_v in_o and_o decreet_a obtain_v contravention_n also_o can_v be_v pursue_v though_o the_o other_o be_v offer_v to_o be_v renounce_v hope_n contro_fw-la johnstoun_n contra_fw-la sir_n john_n charter_n contravention_n be_v elide_v by_o grant_v a_o factory_a after_o the_o deed_n libel_v to_o do_v the_o like_a reserve_v only_a damnage_n and_o interest_n february_n 19_o 1633._o dennistoun_n contra_fw-la lindsay_n contravention_n on_o several_a deed_n sustain_v separatim_fw-la toties_fw-la quoties_fw-la and_o against_o many_o contraveener_n contraveen_v in_o one_o act_n but_o in_o such_o case_n the_o lord_n will_v modify_v and_o lesten_z the_o penalty_n within_o the_o rate_n of_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n novemb_n 29._o 〈◊〉_d dundass_v contra_fw-la cuming_n of_o ironside_n nic._n contro_fw-la sir_n john_n scot_n contra_fw-la barns_n contravention_n be_v not_o find_v pursuable_a before_o any_o inferior_a judge_n otherways_o the_o decreet_a thereof_o will_v be_v null_a by_o exception_n july_n 6._o 1611._o kennedy_n taylzeor_fw-la contra_fw-la kennedy_n of_o garriehorn_n yet_o it_o be_v sustain_v where_o the_o matter_n be_v small_a and_o the_o party_n poor_a march_v 12._o 1622._o blair_n contra_fw-la marshel_n in_o contravention_n the_o king_n advocate_n must_v concur_v for_o the_o king_n interest_n but_o he_o can_v insist_v alone_o as_o when_o the_o private_a party_n have_v discharge_v the_o deed_n even_o after_o the_o intent_a of_o the_o cause_n hope_v entro_fw-la forrest_n contra_fw-la malcolm_n turnbul_n title_n x._o obligation_n conventional_a by_o promise_n paction_n and_o contract_n 1._o the_o original_a of_o conventional_a obligation_n 2._o the_o act_n of_o the_o will_n desire_v resolution_n and_o engagement_n and_o their_o effect_n 3._o pollicitation_n or_o offer_n and_o its_o effect_n 4._o promise_n 5._o contract_n in_o favour_n of_o three_o party_n valid_a 6._o paction_n and_o how_o word_n be_v obligatory_a 7._o naked_a paction_n 8._o
the_o question_n be_v also_o move_v here_o whether_o the_o thing_n depositat_fw-la may_v be_v detain_v for_o the_o necessary_a and_o profitable_a expense_n ware_v upon_o it_o though_o law_n and_o most_o interpreter_n fovour_v the_o negative_a upon_o the_o same_o ground_n that_o compensation_n be_v exclude_v but_o the_o affirmative_a be_v prefer_v because_o as_o the_o contrary_a action_n be_v competent_a for_o the_o melioration_n so_o much_o more_o the_o exception_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o same_o contract_n and_o therefore_o the_o lord_n balmerino_n have_v by_o his_o own_o missive_n and_o back_o bond_n acknowledge_v that_o the_o estate_n of_o jedburgh_n be_v dispone_v to_o he_o in_o trust_n to_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o somerseat_n all_o the_o expense_n on_o the_o land_n or_o for_o somerseat_n in_o contemplation_n of_o the_o trust_n be_v find_v competent_a against_o bedford_n who_o have_v adjudge_v somerseat'_v right_o and_o in_o all_o case_n in_o the_o law_n where_o action_n be_v competent_a exception_n be_v also_o competent_a and_o so_o with_o we_o if_o instant_o verify_v among_o the_o roman_n there_o be_v a_o edict_n of_o the_o praetor_n in_o deposito_fw-la to_o this_o effect_n that_o depositar_n shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o restore_v or_o make_v up_o the_o single_a value_n but_o in_o thing_n depositat_fw-la through_o the_o present_a occasion_n of_o tumult_n fire_n fall_v of_o house_n or_o shipwreck_n in_o the_o case_n of_o not_o due_a restitution_n for_o the_o double_a l._n 1._o ff_n depositi_fw-la wherein_o there_o be_v much_o utility_n to_o secure_a person_n depositate_v of_o necessity_n in_o these_o deplorable_a case_n but_o it_o have_v not_o be_v allow_v by_o our_o custom_n as_o yet_o 56._o it_o may_v be_v question_v if_o any_o thing_n be_v depositate_fw-la to_o more_o depositar_n whether_o they_o be_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la so_o that_o the_o deponent_a may_v crave_v restitution_n or_o reparation_n from_o every_o one_o for_o the_o whole_a value_n or_o for_o his_o share_n only_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v clear_a for_o the_o affirmative_a that_o all_o be_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la l._n 1._o §_o 43._o eodem_fw-la and_o upon_o good_a reason_n because_o it_o be_v fidelity_n in_o preserve_v one_o individual_a thing_n that_o be_v undertake_v which_o therefore_o de_fw-fr natura_fw-la rei_fw-la must_v oblige_v every_o person_n to_o the_o whole_a see_v he_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o restore_v a_o part_n of_o the_o thing_n depositat_fw-la but_o the_o thing_n itself_o yet_o if_o the_o depositar_n be_v all_o solvendo_fw-la they_o be_v free_a pay_v their_o part_n the_o thing_n depositat_fw-la be_v money_n l._n 22._o si_fw-la duo_fw-la haeredes_fw-la ff_n depositi_fw-la but_o in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v not_o more_o depositar_n but_o more_o heir_n of_o a_o depositar_n and_o in_o this_o depositar_n and_o contutor_n differ_v that_o the_o diligence_n of_o these_o even_o as_o to_o their_o contutor_n be_v great_a than_o of_o the_o other_o this_o be_v consequent_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o depositation_n will_v no_o doubt_n be_v follow_v by_o we_o in_o deposito_fw-la in_o the_o law_n the_o deponent_a have_v beneficium_fw-la juramenti_fw-la in_o litem_fw-la or_o to_o prove_v the_o particular_n or_o quantity_n want_v and_o their_o value_n secundum_fw-la praetium_fw-la affectionis_fw-la because_o of_o the_o exuberance_n of_o trust_n in_o this_o contract_n l._n 1_o §_o 26._o ff_n depos_fw-la but_o not_o the_o depositar_n in_o the_o contrary_a action_n l._n 5._o eodem_fw-la where_o the_o reason_n be_v add_v because_o there_o be_v no_o breach_n of_o faith_n nor_o trust_n but_o damnage_n and_o reparation_n in_o question_n the_o depositar_n also_o detain_v be_v condemn_v become_v infamous_a l._n 1._o ff_n de_fw-mi his_o qui_fw-la infamia_fw-la notantur_fw-la hence_o it_o be_v from_o this_o trust_n that_o if_o a_o chest_n or_o other_o continent_n seal_v be_v depositat_fw-la action_n be_v competent_a for_o all_o that_o be_v therein_o show_v or_o not_o l._n 1._o §_o 41._o eodem_fw-la and_o therefore_o in_o such_o case_n the_o deponent_n oath_n in_o litem_fw-la must_v be_v take_v or_o else_o this_o interest_n perish_v which_o be_v suitable_a to_o our_o custom_n before_o menton_v in_o the_o case_n of_o innkeeper_n and_o there_o be_v good_a reason_n and_o equity_n pro_fw-la pretio_fw-la affectionis_fw-la but_o i_o have_v not_o observe_v it_o question_v or_o decide_v this_o be_v a_o contract_n of_o great_a trust_n restitution_n be_v to_o be_v make_v cum_fw-la omni_fw-la causa_fw-la as_o fruit_n and_o birth_n and_o annualrent_a post_fw-la moram_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n depositi_fw-la but_o annualrent_a with_o we_o be_v not_o due_a sine_fw-la pacto_fw-la but_o may_v be_v make_v good_a by_o modification_n of_o expense_n by_o the_o lord_n there_o be_v a_o frequent_a case_n of_o depositation_n of_o write_v before_o delivery_n thereof_o which_o therefore_o suspend_v their_o effect_n until_o the_o term_n of_o the_o depositation_n appear_v which_o be_v unquestionable_a by_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o party_n receiver_n of_o the_o write_v both_o that_o the_o write_v be_v not_o deliver_v but_o depositat_fw-la and_o also_o upon_o what_o term_n 57_o pledge_v either_o signify_v the_o thing_n impignorat_a or_o the_o contract_n of_o impignoration_n in_o the_o same_o way_n as_o pignus_fw-la in_o the_o law_n be_v take_v and_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o mandate_n whereby_o the_o debtor_n for_o his_o creditor_n security_n give_v he_o the_o pawn_n or_o thing_n impignorat_a to_o detain_v or_o keep_v it_o for_o his_o own_o security_n or_o in_o case_n of_o not_o payment_n of_o the_o debt_n to_o sell_v the_o pledge_n and_o pay_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o price_n and_o restore_v the_o rest_n or_o the_o pledge_n itself_o upon_o payment_n of_o the_o debt_n all_o which_o be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o mandate_n and_o it_o have_v not_o only_a custody_n in_o it_o but_o the_o power_n to_o dispone_v in_o the_o case_n of_o not_o payment_n but_o if_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o pledge_n be_v allot_v for_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o debt_n which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v a_o mix_a contract_n have_v in_o it_o a_o mandate_n and_o the_o exchange_n of_o the_o usufruct_v or_o use_v of_o the_o pledge_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o debt_n 58._o this_o contract_n have_v this_o special_a in_o it_o that_o it_o be_v not_o mere_o to_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o constituent_a as_o ordinary_o mandate_n be_v but_o it_o be_v to_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o hypothecar_fw-mi for_o his_o security_n and_o so_o end_v not_o with_o the_o death_n of_o either_o party_n nor_o be_v revockable_a as_o other_o mandate_n but_o pass_v to_o heir_n and_o assignays_n and_o therefore_o require_v great_a diligence_n than_o mandate_n viz._n such_o diligence_n as_o prudent_a man_n use_v in_o their_o affair_n but_o obliege_v not_o for_o the_o light_a fault_n l._n 23._o ff_n de_fw-fr reg_fw-la juris_fw-la this_o be_v also_o singular_a in_o wodset_n or_o impignoration_n that_o thereby_o there_o be_v constitute_v a_o real_a right_n in_o the_o pledge_n which_o no_o deed_n nor_o alienation_n of_o the_o constituent_n can_v alter_v or_o infringe_v which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o mandate_n or_o thing_n depositat_fw-la neither_o in_o location_n whereby_o there_o be_v only_o a_o personal_a right_n and_o if_o the_o property_n of_o the_o thing_n be_v alienat_fw-la from_o the_o constituent_a the_o personal_a right_o have_v no_o effect_n as_o to_o the_o thing_n about_o which_o it_o be_v constitute_v but_o there_o be_v here_o a_o real_a right_n of_o which_o hereafter_o among_o other_o real_a right_n 59_o we_o shall_v not_o insist_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o sale_n of_o pledge_n prescribe_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n and_o the_o intimation_n or_o denunciation_n requisite_a to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o debtor_n that_o be_v whole_o change_v by_o our_o custom_n for_o in_o wodset_n of_o land_n the_o wodsetter_n have_v a_o disposition_n of_o the_o property_n but_o with_o a_o reservation_n or_o paction_n to_o sell_v back_o again_o to_o the_o debtor_n upon_o payment_n of_o the_o debt_n and_o so_o the_o wodsetter_n can_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o impignoration_n sell_v the_o land_n and_o pay_v himself_o but_o all_o he_o can_v do_v be_v to_o affect_v the_o wodset_a land_n by_o legal_a diligence_n as_o a_o other_o creditor_n and_o if_o any_o other_o prevent_v he_o in_o diligence_n they_o acquire_v the_o right_n of_o reversion_n and_o no_o posterior_n diligence_n of_o he_o can_v take_v it_o away_o or_o capacitate_v he_o to_o acquire_v the_o full_a property_n of_o the_o pledge_n or_o to_o alienate_v it_o simple_o to_o another_o the_o like_a be_v in_o the_o impignoration_n of_o movable_n which_o can_v be_v thereby_o sell_v but_o the_o creditor_n may_v affect_v they_o by_o his_o legal_a diligence_n by_o poind_v thereof_o 60._o in_o impignoration_n either_o of_o heritable_a or_o movable_a right_n the_o
may_v be_v conditional_o if_o the_o price_n be_v pay_v by_o such_o a_o day_n or_o if_o any_o other_o offer_v not_o a_o better_a price_n in_o such_o a_o time_n or_o with_o condition_n not_o to_o sell_v without_o consent_n of_o which_o in_o order_n 65._o as_o to_o the_o first_o though_o give_v of_o earnest_n be_v very_o ordinary_a in_o bargain_n of_o sale_n and_o other_o yet_o it_o be_v no_o less_o dubious_a what_o the_o nature_n and_o effect_v thereof_o be_v some_o hold_v it_o to_o be_v to_o the_o effect_n the_o bargain_n may_v be_v evident_a and_o certain_a for_o though_o sale_n be_v perfect_v by_o sole_a consent_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o always_o evident_a to_o the_o party_n and_o the_o witness_n whether_o it_o be_v a_o commune_n or_o a_o contract_n and_o therefore_o to_o make_v it_o sure_a to_o both_o merchant_n who_o may_v not_o hazard_v upon_o dubious_a interpretation_n do_v give_v earnest_a as_o a_o evidence_n of_o the_o bargain_n close_v and_o perfect_v but_o other_o think_v that_o the_o effect_n and_o intent_n of_o earnest_n be_v that_o the_o giver_n of_o the_o earnest_n may_v resile_v from_o the_o bargain_n if_o he_o please_v to_o lose_v his_o earnest_n and_o the_o taker_n may_v resile_n if_o he_o return_v the_o earnest_a with_o as_o much_o more_o the_o civil_a law_n l._n 17._o c._n the_o side_n instrumentorum_fw-la &_o instit_n de_fw-fr empt_v vend_fw-mi in_o principio_fw-la and_o many_o interpreter_n seem_v to_o favour_v this_o construction_n yet_o many_o text_n in_o law_n adduce_v by_o wezenbecius_fw-la faber_n and_o other_o be_v for_o the_o former_a opinion_n and_o they_o do_v interpret_v the_o contrary_a place_n not_o to_o be_v of_o sale_n perfect_v but_o of_o a_o antecedent_n promise_n or_o paction_n to_o buy_v or_o sell_v it_o have_v not_o oft_o occur_v so_o far_o as_o i_o have_v observe_v to_o be_v decide_v with_o we_o which_o of_o these_o opinion_n be_v to_o be_v follow_v with_o we_o but_o the_o former_a seem_v to_o be_v preferable_a because_o ordinary_o with_o we_o earnest_n be_v so_o inconsiderable_a that_o it_o can_v be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o party_n to_o leave_v the_o bargain_n arbitrary_a upon_o the_o lose_n or_o double_v thereof_o so_o be_v it_o find_v february_n 24._o 1628._o contra_fw-la james_n riddel_n to_o this_o also_o suit_v the_o sense_n that_o earnest_n be_v take_v in_o the_o scripture_n for_o evidence_n and_o assurance_n make_v the_o matter_n fix_v and_o not_o arbitrary_a which_o at_o least_o evince_v that_o the_o word_n have_v be_v ancient_o take_v so_o whatever_o have_v be_v the_o custom_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o roman_n 66._o reversion_n or_o the_o paction_n of_o redemption_n though_o ordinary_o it_o be_v use_v in_o wodset_n which_o albeit_o they_o be_v under_o the_o form_n of_o sale_n yet_o in_o reality_n they_o be_v not_o such_o there_o be_v no_o equivalent_a price_n yet_o may_v it_o be_v where_o there_o be_v a_o true_a sale_n and_o this_o paction_n be_v no_o real_a quality_n or_o condition_n of_o the_o sale_n however_o it_o be_v conceive_v but_o only_o a_o personal_a obligement_n on_o the_o buyer_n which_o therefore_o do_v not_o affect_v the_o thing_n buy_v nor_o a_o singular_a successor_n though_o reversion_n of_o land_n and_o heritable_a right_n be_v make_v as_o real_a and_o effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n when_o it_o be_v ingrosle_v in_o the_o bargain_n or_o due_o registrate_n yet_o that_o be_v not_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n but_o by_o the_o statute_n and_o take_v no_o place_n in_o other_o case_n as_o in_o reversion_n of_o movable_n which_o be_v sell_v under_o reversion_n but_o if_o impignorat_a the_o reversion_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o contract_n and_o be_v effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n as_o to_o the_o other_o paction_n adject_v to_o sale_n sometime_o they_o be_v so_o conceive_v and_o mean_v that_o thereby_o the_o bargain_n be_v true_o conditional_a and_o pendent_a and_o so_o be_v not_o a_o perfect_a bargain_n till_o the_o condition_n be_v existent_a neither_o do_v the_o property_n of_o the_o thing_n sell_v pass_v thereby_o though_o possession_n follow_v till_o it_o be_v perform_v as_o if_o the_o bargain_n be_v conditional_a only_o upon_o payment_n of_o the_o price_n at_o such_o a_o time_n till_o payment_n the_o property_n pass_v not_o unto_o the_o buyer_n but_o there_o be_v many_o other_o adjection_n which_o be_v express_v under_o the_o name_n of_o condition_n and_o provision_n which_o be_v not_o inherent_a as_o essential_a in_o the_o bargain_n but_o extrinsic_a personal_a obliegement_n the_o existence_n where_o of_o do_v not_o annual_a the_o sale_n or_o suspend_v or_o annual_a the_o property_n in_o the_o buyer_n at_o least_o in_o his_o singular_a successor_n as_o have_v now_o be_v say_v in_o reversion_n and_o be_v frequent_a in_o many_o other_o case_n 67._o in_o sale_n there_o use_v to_o be_v adhibit_v a_o clause_n irritant_fw-la or_o resolutive_a clause_n that_o if_o such_o a_o thing_n or_o condition_n be_v or_o be_v not_o in_o that_o case_n the_o bargain_n shall_v be_v null_a and_o void_a as_o if_o it_o have_v never_o be_v make_v and_o grant_v whence_o arise_v a_o very_a subtle_a debate_n whether_o such_o clause_n whatsoever_o their_o tenor_n be_v be_v effectual_a and_o follow_v the_o thing_n to_o singular_a successor_n and_o do_v render_v the_o bargain_n and_o property_n acquire_v null_a in_o itself_o or_o whether_o such_o be_v but_o personal_a obligation_n only_o which_o though_o they_o may_v annul_v the_o property_n or_o bargain_n if_o it_o remain_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o contracter_n can_v reach_v it_o if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o three_o party_n be_v the_o question_n for_o clear_v whereof_o it_o appear_v first_o that_o if_o such_o condition_n or_o resolutive_a clause_n do_v stop_v the_o transmission_n of_o property_n and_o be_v so_o mean_v and_o express_v then_o as_o be_v say_v before_o the_o bargain_n be_v pendent_a and_o the_o property_n not_o transmit_v even_o as_o to_o singular_a successor_n and_o the_o seller_n remain_v the_o proprietar_n but_o if_o by_o the_o contract_n and_o clause_n the_o buyer_n become_v once_o the_o proprietar_n and_o the_o condition_n be_v adject_v that_o he_o shall_v cease_v to_o be_v proprietar_n in_o such_o a_o case_n this_o be_v but_o personal_a for_o property_n or_o dominion_n pass_v not_o by_o condition_n or_o provision_n but_o by_o tradition_n and_o otherways_o prescribe_v in_o law_n so_o that_o these_o condition_n however_o express_v be_v only_o the_o foundation_n upon_o which_o the_o property_n may_v pass_v from_o the_o buyer_n if_o the_o thing_n buy_v remain_v his_o unless_o by_o law_n or_o statute_n it_o be_v otherways_o order_v as_o in_o reversion_n of_o land_n alienation_n of_o fewdal_a right_n which_o become_v void_a and_o return_v if_o alienat_fw-la and_o not_o payment_n of_o the_o few_o duty_n whereby_o the_o few_o right_n become_v void_a but_o all_o by_o law_n and_o custom_n and_o not_o by_o private_a paction_n 68_o second_o the_o doubt_n remain_v if_o such_o personal_a condition_n with_o such_o clause_n resolutive_a be_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o bargain_n whether_o it_o be_v effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n who_o can_v but_o know_v their_o author_n right_n and_o therefore_o be_v in_o dolo_fw-la &_o mala_fw-la fide_fw-la if_o they_o acquire_v such_o right_n in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o condition_n thereof_o and_o so_o ex_fw-la dolo_fw-la at_o least_o such_o clause_n will_v be_v effectual_a against_o the_o singular_a successor_n but_o first_o this_o have_v no_o force_n where_o the_o acquiry_n be_v not_o voluntar_n but_o necessary_a for_o satisfaction_n of_o debt_n by_o apprize_a and_o other_o legal_a diligence_n in_o which_o ordinary_o the_o acquir_a do_v not_o neither_o be_v suppose_v to_o know_v his_o author_n right_o second_o if_o the_o bargain_n be_v so_o necessary_a that_o the_o purchaser_n be_v a_o creditor_n and_o have_v no_o other_o probable_a way_n of_o payment_n in_o which_o though_o he_o see_v his_o author_n right_o bear_v such_o clause_n yet_o he_o act_v upon_o necessity_n for_o his_o own_o satisfaction_n three_o these_o who_o acquire_v such_o right_n without_o necessity_n and_o see_v therein_o such_o condition_n in_o themselves_o personal_a though_o have_v resolutive_a clause_n do_v not_o thereby_o know_v that_o the_o three_o party_n have_v the_o right_a jus_o in_o re_fw-mi but_o only_o jus_o ad_fw-la rem_fw-la and_o therefore_o if_o they_o acquire_v such_o right_n the_o property_n be_v thereby_o transmit_v and_o though_o there_o may_v be_v fraud_n in_o the_o acquirer_n which_o raise_v a_o obligation_n of_o reparation_n to_o the_o party_n damnify_v by_o that_o delinquence_n yet_o that_o be_v but_o personal_a and_o another_o party_n acquire_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la or_o necessary_o and_o not_o partake_v of_o that_o fraud_n be_v in_o tuto_fw-la but_o certain_a knowledge_n
find_v in_o a_o charge_n to_o the_o cautioner_n behoove_v against_o the_o cocaution_a july_n 27._o 1672._o joseph_n brodie_n contra_fw-la alexander_n keith_n june_n 28._o 1665._o monteith_n contra_fw-la anderson_n a_o cautioner_n in_o a_o suspension_n of_o a_o bond_n wherein_o there_o be_v five_o cautioner_n be_v distress_v and_o have_v pay_v and_o obtain_v assignation_n from_o the_o creditor_n be_v find_v to_o have_v access_n against_o the_o first_o four_o cautioner_n allow_v only_o his_o own_o five_o part_n febr._n 23._o 1671._o arnold_n of_o barncaple_n against_o gordoun_n of_o holm_n 97._o as_o caution_n so_o oath_n be_v accessary_a to_o all_o promise_n paction_n and_o contract_n not_o these_o declaratory_a oath_n which_o be_v ordinary_a in_o the_o discuss_n of_o right_n whereby_o all_o person_n be_v bind_v to_o declare_v the_o truth_n upon_o oath_n as_o witness_n or_o as_o party_n against_o themselves_o in_o civil_a cause_n but_o promissory_a oath_n whereby_o they_o promise_v to_o observe_v or_o fulfil_v any_o thing_n active_a or_o passive_a never_o to_o quarrel_v it_o concern_v which_o oath_n there_o be_v no_o small_a matter_n of_o debate_n among_o lawyer_n what_o effect_n they_o have_v all_o do_v agree_v that_o in_o so_o far_o as_o any_o promise_n can_v be_v effectual_a a_o promissory_a oath_n be_v valid_a and_o have_v this_o much_o of_o advantage_n that_o the_o creditor_n be_v the_o more_o secure_a because_o he_o may_v just_o expect_v the_o debtor_n will_v be_v more_o observant_a of_o his_o oath_n then_o of_o his_o ordinary_a paction_n see_v the_o penalty_n of_o the_o violation_n of_o a_o oath_n deserve_v a_o more_o attrocious_a judgement_n than_o any_o other_o god_n be_v call_v as_o a_o witness_n and_o judge_n which_o effect_v it_o have_v though_o adhibit_v to_o that_o which_o by_o the_o matter_n have_v a_o anterior_a obligation_n as_o obligation_n betwixt_o husband_n and_o wife_n parent_n and_o child_n in_o these_o thing_n in_o which_o they_o be_v mutual_o oblige_v or_o where_o there_o have_v precede_v or_o be_v conjoin_v a_o obligator_n contract_n which_o of_o itself_o be_v bind_v without_o a_o oath_n 2._o all_o do_v also_o agree_v that_o oath_n interpose_v in_o thing_n unlawful_a not_o only_o as_o to_o the_o manner_n but_o as_o to_o the_o matter_n be_v not_o obligator_n so_o no_o man_n justify_v herod_n for_o take_v john_n baptist_n head_n without_o cause_n upon_o pretence_n of_o his_o oath_n 3._o all_o do_v agree_v that_o in_o matter_n free_a and_o in_o our_o own_o power_n as_o contract_n be_v obligator_n so_o also_o be_v oath_n the_o question_n than_o remain_v whether_o in_o act_n civiliter_fw-la inefficacious_a the_o interposition_n of_o a_o oath_n can_v give_v efficacy_n or_o whether_o that_o which_o be_v do_v in_o debito_fw-la modo_fw-la become_v valid_a by_o a_o oath_n to_o perform_v it_o or_o not_o to_o impunge_v it_o and_o if_o that_o efficacy_n will_v not_o only_o extend_v to_o the_o swearer_n but_o to_o his_o heir_n or_o successor_n of_o this_o there_o be_v multitude_n of_o case_n and_o example_n debate_v among_o civilian_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n naked_a paction_n be_v not_o efficacious_a to_o ground_v any_o action_n upon_o quaeritur_fw-la whether_o if_o the_o paction_n be_v with_o a_o oath_n the_o creditor_n may_v not_o effectual_o pursue_v thereupon_o by_o law_n likeways_o the_o deed_n of_o minor_n have_v curator_n not_o consent_v be_v null_n but_o if_o the_o minor_n swear_v not_o to_o quarrel_v they_o quid_fw-la juris_fw-la minor_n laese_v have_v by_o law_n the_o benefit_n of_o restitution_n but_o if_o they_o do_v the_o deed_n upon_o oath_n to_o perform_v it_o or_o not_o to_o quarrel_v it_o whether_o if_o they_o pursue_v to_o reduce_v it_o will_v they_o be_v exclude_v by_o their_o oath_n or_o if_o a_o wife_n be_v oblige_v personal_o for_o debt_n and_o swear_v to_o perform_v it_o or_o never_o to_o come_v in_o the_o contrair_n whether_o yet_o she_o may_v defend_v herself_o with_o her_o privilege_n or_o if_o a_o woman_n land_n give_v she_o for_o security_n of_o her_o tocher_n donatione_fw-la propter_fw-la nuptias_fw-la be_v sell_v by_o her_o husband_n with_o her_o consent_n which_o the_o law_n declare_v null_a whether_o her_o oath_n interpose_v will_v validate_v it_o or_o if_o pactum_fw-la legis_fw-la commissoriae_fw-la in_o pignoribus_fw-la confirm_v with_o a_o oath_n will_v be_v valid_a or_o if_o a_o oath_n for_o performance_n will_v exclude_v the_o common_a exception_n of_o fear_n force_n or_o fraud_n and_o innumerable_a such_o case_n whereby_o positive_a law_n prohibit_v any_o act_n to_o be_v do_v or_o declare_v it_o void_a simple_o or_o void_a if_o it_o be_v not_o do_v in_o such_o a_o manner_n and_o with_o such_o solemnity_n for_o clear_v of_o these_o and_o the_o like_a case_n we_o be_v chief_o to_o consider_v quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la part_n judicis_fw-la or_o what_o be_v the_o judge_n his_o duty_n in_o decide_v case_n wherein_o oath_n be_v interpose_v rather_o than_o what_o concern_v the_o party_n and_o the_o obligation_n upon_o their_o conscience_n by_o these_o oath_n in_o foro_fw-la poli_fw-fr and_o therefore_o we_o shall_v take_v up_o the_o matter_n distinct_o in_o these_o ensue_a point_n first_o if_o a_o action_n be_v pursue_v upon_o a_o ground_n ineffectual_a in_o law_n albeit_o the_o defender_n have_v interpose_v a_o oath_n never_o to_o come_v in_o the_o contrair_n yet_o that_o which_o will_v not_o be_v sustain_v by_o the_o judge_n though_o the_o defender_n shall_v not_o appear_v or_o object_n which_o be_v ineffectual_a of_o itself_o in_o that_o case_n the_o interposition_n of_o a_o oath_n have_v no_o effect_n as_o if_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n a_o action_n be_v intent_a upon_o a_o promise_n or_o a_o naked_a paction_n with_o a_o oath_n interpose_v the_o action_n will_v not_o be_v sustain_v albeit_o the_o defender_n shall_v not_o appear_v or_o appear_v shall_v not_o object_v that_o it_o be_v a_o naked_a paction_n or_o if_o a_o declarator_n shall_v be_v intent_a to_o declare_v pactum_fw-la legis_fw-la commissoriae_fw-la in_o pignoribus_fw-la to_o be_v valid_a and_o effectual_a though_o it_o be_v libel_v that_o the_o other_o party_n do_v swear_v never_o to_o come_v in_o the_o contrair_n yet_o the_o judge_n can_v not_o sustain_v such_o a_o action_n nor_o general_o can_v sustain_v any_o action_n which_o be_v unjust_a or_o irrelevant_a albeit_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v oppose_v but_o consent_v to_o simple_o or_o with_o a_o oath_n never_o to_o quarrel_v it_o because_o in_o such_o case_n pactis_fw-la privatorum_fw-la non_fw-la derogatur_fw-la juri_fw-la communi_fw-la the_o consent_n or_o oath_n of_o no_o party_n can_v make_v that_o just_a which_o be_v unjust_a nor_o can_v make_v that_o sufficient_a or_o effectual_a that_o be_v deficient_a in_o its_o essential_o as_o if_o any_o party_n shall_v grant_v a_o disposition_n of_o land_n or_o annualrent_n and_o declare_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v effectual_a for_o poind_v the_o ground_n without_o infeftment_n and_o shall_v swear_v never_o to_o come_v in_o the_o contrair_a thereof_o if_o thereupon_o the_o obtainer_n shall_v pursue_v poind_v of_o the_o ground_n the_o same_o can_v not_o be_v sustain_v because_o these_o right_n be_v defective_a in_o their_o essential_o want_v infeftment_n and_o yet_o in_o these_o case_n if_o the_o party_n shall_v object_v or_o any_o way_n hinder_v the_o effect_n of_o their_o oath_n they_o contraveen_v the_o same_o but_o the_o judge_v not_o sustain_v the_o same_o do_v no_o wrong_n because_o his_o not_o sustain_v proceed_v upon_o a_o defect_n of_o a_o essential_a requisite_a and_o not_o because_o of_o any_o exception_n or_o objection_n of_o the_o party_n from_o this_o ground_n it_o be_v that_o if_o a_o wife_n be_v pursue_v or_o charge_v upon_o a_o bond_n for_o debt_n subscribe_v by_o she_o bear_v express_o she_o to_o be_v design_v a_o wife_n though_o it_o be_v condescend_v on_o that_o she_o make_v faith_n never_o to_o come_v in_o the_o contrair_a the_o lord_n will_v not_o sustain_v the_o pursuit_n or_o charge_n because_o by_o the_o very_a action_n itself_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o summons_n or_o charge_n be_v irrelevant_a and_o contrair_a to_o law_n which_o declare_v a_o wife_n bond_n for_o debt_n ipso_fw-la jure_fw-la null_n and_o therefore_o though_o she_o may_v be_v faulty_a in_o suspend_v or_o hinder_v the_o performance_n of_o the_o engagement_n of_o her_o oath_n the_o lord_n do_v just_o reject_v such_o a_o irrelevant_a libel_n or_o charge_n as_o they_o do_v in_o the_o case_n betwixt_o and_o catharine_n douglas_n feb._n 18._o 1663._o where_o her_o band_n be_v suspend_v simpliciter_fw-la as_o be_v express_o grant_v by_o a_o wife_n though_o she_o judicial_o make_v faith_n never_o to_o come_v in_o the_o contrair_a or_o if_o the_o husband_n shall_v suspend_v and_o allege_v that_o such_o a_o obligation_n or_o oath_n can_v not_o be_v effectual_a against_o his_o good_n or_o the_o person_n
of_o his_o wife_n in_o his_o prejudice_n there_o can_v be_v neither_o wrong_n on_o his_o part_n nor_o on_o the_o judge_n part_n 2._o if_o either_o action_n or_o exception_n be_v found_v upon_o that_o which_o be_v not_o defective_a in_o essential_o but_o in_o circumstantial_o ordain_v and_o command_v by_o law_n the_o defect_n thereof_o may_v be_v supply_v by_o the_o other_o party_n consent_n much_o more_o by_o their_o oath_n and_o in_o that_o case_n quae_fw-la fieri_fw-la non_fw-la debent_fw-la facta_fw-la valent_fw-la for_o every_o prohibition_n of_o law_n do_v not_o annul_v the_o deed_n do_v contrair_a thereto_o but_o infer_v the_o penalty_n of_o law_n upon_o the_o doer_n as_o tack_n of_o teind_n be_v prohibit_v to_o be_v set_v by_o prelate_n for_o long_a than_o nineteen_o year_n parl._n 1617._o cap._n 4._o yet_o it_o be_v find_v that_o a_o tack_v grant_v for_o a_o long_a time_n be_v not_o thereby_o null_a novemb_n 9_o 1624._o mr._n thomas_n hope_n contra_fw-la the_o minister_n of_o craighall_n so_o likeways_o member_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n be_v prohibit_v to_o buy_v plea_n yet_o the_o right_o acquire_v thereto_o be_v not_o find_v thursday_n or_o process_n refuse_v thereupon_o but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o ground_n of_o deprivation_n june_n 5._o 1611._o adam_n cunningham_n advocate_n contra_fw-la maxwel_n of_o drumcoultroun_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o solemnity_n of_o marriage_n be_v prescribe_v in_o law_n and_o all_o prohibit_v to_o proceed_v any_o other_o way_n so_o they_o be_v appoint_v to_o be_v public_o solemnize_v by_o a_o minister_n and_o the_o consent_n of_o paretn_n be_v require_v yet_o the_o want_n of_o these_o will_v not_o annul_v the_o marriage_n because_o it_o be_v a_o divine_a obligation_n which_o can_v receive_v its_o essential_o from_o positive_a law_n or_o statute_n whence_o it_o be_v just_o say_v mult_fw-la a_o impediunt_fw-la matrimonium_fw-la contrahendum_fw-la que_fw-la non_fw-la dirimunt_fw-la contractum_fw-la it_o be_v not_o therefore_o the_o prohibition_n of_o law_n that_o anull_v a_o act_n but_o the_o law_n must_v express_o annul_v it_o or_o at_o least_o declare_v such_o point_n as_o the_o essential_a requisite_n to_o such_o deed_n or_o right_n some_o deed_n be_v declare_v null_a ipso_fw-la jure_fw-la and_o other_o be_v only_a anullable_n open_v exceptionis_fw-la or_o by_o way_n of_o restitution_n or_o at_o least_o where_o something_o in_o fact_n must_v be_v allege_v and_o prove_v which_o do_v not_o appear_v by_o the_o right_n or_o deed_n itself_o and_o so_o belong_v not_o to_o the_o judge_n to_o advert_v to_o but_o must_v be_v propon_v by_o the_o party_n in_o these_o a_o oath_n interpose_v do_v debar_v the_o swearer_n from_o propose_v or_o make_v use_n of_o such_o exception_n and_o allegiance_n and_o therefore_o neither_o may_v the_o party_n just_o propone_v the_o same_o nor_o the_o judge_n just_o sustain_v the_o same_o for_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n of_o themselves_o relevant_a and_o competent_a in_o law_n which_o yet_o may_v be_v exclude_v by_o a_o personal_a objection_n against_o the_o proponer_n for_o in_o many_o case_n allegeance_n competent_a to_o party_n may_v be_v renounce_v so_o that_o though_o they_o be_v relevant_a that_o personal_a objection_n will_v exclude_v the_o proponer_n but_o his_o oath_n be_v much_o strong_a than_o his_o renunciation_n and_o therefore_o see_v such_o point_n be_v not_o part_n judicis_fw-la nor_o consistent_a in_o any_o intrinsic_a nullity_n or_o defect_n though_o the_o law_n allow_v or_o prescribe_v they_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o mention_n or_o express_v that_o though_o the_o party_n in_o who_o favour_n they_o be_v introduce_v renunce_v they_o simple_o or_o with_o a_o oath_n that_o these_o shall_v be_v admit_v and_o therefore_o they_o be_v just_o to_o be_v repel_v be_v in_o detrimentum_fw-la animae_fw-la of_o the_o proponer_n this_o ground_n solve_v most_o of_o the_o case_n before_o proponed_a for_o if_o a_o minor_a pursue_v restitution_n upon_o minority_n and_o laesion_n his_o oath_n to_o perform_v or_o not_o to_o quarrel_v the_o deed_n in_o question_n exclude_v he_o both_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o our_o custom_n by_o the_o authentic_a sacramenta_fw-la puberum_fw-la spontefacta_fw-la super_fw-la contractibus_fw-la rerum_fw-la suarum_fw-la non_fw-la retractandis_fw-la inviolabiliter_fw-la custodiantur_fw-la c._n si_fw-la adversus_fw-la vend_fw-mi it_o be_v so_o decide_v in_o a_o obligement_n by_o a_o minor_a to_o quit_v twenty_o chalder_n of_o victual_n provide_v in_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n january_n 15._o 1634._o sir_n robert_n hepburn_n contra_fw-la sir_n john_n seatoun_n where_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o oath_n be_v valide_fw-la though_o not_o judicial_a the_o like_a be_v find_v that_o a_o minor_a have_v give_v a_o bond_n for_o his_o father_n debt_n who_o he_o represent_v not_o and_o be_v swear_v not_o to_o come_v in_o the_o contrair_n the_o same_o be_v not_o reduce_v upon_o minority_n and_o laesion_n february_n 10._o 1672._o mr._n george_n waugh_n contra_fw-la bailzie_n of_o dunraget_n upon_o this_o same_o ground_n a_o minor_a have_v curator_n not_o consent_v swear_v to_o perform_v his_o obligation_n or_o never_o to_o come_v in_o the_o contrair_n his_o exception_n of_o its_o be_v null_n because_o it_o consist_v in_o fact_n and_o must_v be_v prove_v that_o he_o be_v minor_a and_o that_o he_o have_v curator_n may_v just_o be_v repel_v and_o he_o exclude_v from_o propon_v thereof_o in_o respect_n of_o his_o oath_n see_v it_o be_v not_o the_o part_n of_o the_o judge_n to_o know_v or_o advert_v thereto_o but_o his_o curator_n who_o have_v not_o swear_v may_v yea_o must_v propone_v that_o nullity_n because_o they_o have_v not_o swear_v on_o this_o ground_n likeways_o the_o exception_n or_o reason_n of_o reduction_n upon_o force_n or_o fear_n be_v exclude_v if_o the_o party_n have_v swear_v to_o perform_v or_o not_o quarrel_v the_o deed_n which_o be_v the_o sentence_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n not_o only_o as_o to_o wife_n consent_n to_o the_o alienation_n of_o land_n give_v to_o they_o donatione_fw-la propter_fw-la nuptias_fw-la which_o be_v both_o null_n and_o presume_v to_o be_v grant_v upon_o her_o fear_n or_o reverence_n of_o her_o husband_n c._n licet_fw-la mulieris_fw-la l._n 6._o de_fw-la jure_fw-la jurando_fw-la c._n cum_fw-la continget_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la jurando_fw-la whereby_o such_o consent_n and_o oath_n be_v interpose_v be_v declare_v to_o be_v valide_fw-la but_o general_o that_o no_o deed_n have_v a_o oath_n interpose_v can_v be_v recall_v upon_o a_o alledgeance_n of_o force_n and_o fear_n c._n 3_o &_o 4._o de_fw-fr iis_fw-la quae_fw-la vim_o metumve_fw-la albeit_o the_o pope_n assume_v to_o himself_o liberty_n to_o absolve_v from_o such_o oath_n as_o be_v do_v upon_o fear_n yet_o they_o be_v declare_v of_o themselves_o to_o be_v valide_fw-la which_o our_o custom_n follow_v and_o be_v so_o decide_v parl._n 1481._o cap._n 83._o and_o be_v so_o decide_v by_o the_o lord_n july_n 4._o 1642._o agnes_n grant_v contra_fw-la balvaird_n where_o a_o wife_n be_v exclude_v from_o the_o reduction_n of_o the_o alienation_n of_o her_o liferent_a land_n super_fw-la vi_fw-la &_o metu_fw-la because_o she_o have_v judicial_o ratify_v the_o same_o and_o swear_v never_o to_o come_v in_o the_o contrair_a neither_o be_v it_o respect_v that_o the_o oath_n as_o well_o as_o the_o disposition_n be_v by_o force_n and_o fear_n this_o be_v the_o great_a foundation_n of_o all_o public_a transaction_n betwixt_o different_a party_n and_o nation_n where_o ofttimes_o the_o one_o party_n be_v induce_v through_o fear_n to_o that_o which_o otherways_o they_o will_v not_o yield_v to_o and_o yet_o both_o party_n acquiesce_v in_o the_o religion_n of_o a_o oath_n interpose_v so_o the_o oath_n of_o israel_n to_o the_o king_n of_o babylon_n be_v bind_v upon_o they_o though_o thereby_o the_o people_n of_o god_n subject_v themselves_o to_o a_o heathen_a king_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v accuse_v by_o jeremiah_n for_o breach_n thereof_o and_o likewise_o for_o break_v the_o oath_n to_o their_o servant_n who_o they_o manumit_v upon_o mere_a necessity_n for_o their_o defence_n from_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v that_o the_o exception_n or_o reason_n of_o reduction_n upon_o deception_n fraud_n or_o circumvention_n be_v exclude_v if_o a_o oath_n be_v interpose_v whereof_o we_o have_v the_o most_o eminent_a example_n of_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n to_o the_o gibeonite_n who_o purposely_o deceive_v and_o circumveen_v they_o feign_v themselves_o to_o be_v a_o people_n far_o off_o though_o they_o be_v of_o the_o hivites_n who_o israel_n be_v command_v utter_o to_o destroy_v against_o which_o judicial_a precept_n they_o be_v induce_v through_o error_n and_o deceit_n to_o swear_v the_o oath_n be_v bind_v on_o they_o and_o their_o posterity_n and_o be_v punish_v upon_o saul_n for_o breach_n thereof_o from_o this_o instance_n we_o have_v occasion_n to_o return_v to_o the_o
renunciation_n and_o therefore_o acceptilation_n without_o any_o performance_n be_v sufficient_a and_o be_v the_o more_o solemn_a and_o secure_a way_n of_o exoneration_n for_o where_o there_o be_v many_o co-debitor_n the_o discharge_v one_o liberat_o not_o the_o rest_n if_o they_o be_v co-principle_n unless_o the_o discharge_v be_v impersonal_o conceive_v that_o the_o thing_n oblige_v shall_v not_o be_v demand_v or_o that_o the_o renunciation_n or_o discharge_v be_v grant_v to_o the_o principal_a debtor_n for_o thereby_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o cautioner_n be_v accessary_a be_v understand_v also_o to_o be_v renunce_v but_o acceptilation_n extinguish_v the_o obligation_n as_o to_o all_o the_o debtor_n because_o it_o import_v a_o acknowledgement_n of_o performance_n acceptilation_n with_o we_o may_v be_v of_o any_o obligation_n and_o require_v no_o stipulation_n but_o as_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o payment_n liberat_o all_o the_o debtor_n so_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o any_o satisfaction_n which_o import_v payment_n or_o any_o thing_n accept_v as_o equivalent_a have_v the_o same_o effect_n and_o therefore_o we_o use_v more_o the_o term_n of_o satisfaction_n than_o acceptilation_n which_o satisfaction_n if_o it_o be_v upon_o ground_n equivalent_a to_o payment_n or_o direct_a performance_n it_o be_v equiparat_fw-la thereto_o in_o all_o point_n and_o have_v the_o privilege_n of_o payment_n make_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la to_o liberat_fw-la though_o the_o obligation_n be_v not_o perform_v to_o the_o party_n have_v the_o present_a and_o better_a right_o but_o otherways_o neither_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o payment_n or_o of_o satisfaction_n or_o any_o discharge_n have_v the_o privilege_n of_o payment_n make_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la which_o be_v main_o found_v upon_o this_o ground_n that_o bena_fw-la fides_fw-la non_fw-la patitur_fw-la ut_fw-la idem_fw-la bis_fw-la exigatur_fw-la 6._o compensation_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o liberation_n as_o be_v equivalent_a to_o payment_n for_o thereby_o two_o liquid_a obligation_n do_v extinguish_v each_o other_o ipso_fw-la jure_fw-la and_o not_o only_o open_v exceptionis_fw-la for_o albeit_o compensation_n can_v operat_fw-la if_o it_o be_v not_o propon_v as_o neither_o can_v payment_n yet_o both_o perimunt_fw-la obligationem_fw-la ipso_fw-la jure_fw-la and_o therefore_o be_v not_o arbitrary_a to_o either_o party_n to_o propone_v or_o not_o propone_v as_o they_o please_v but_o any_o three_o party_n have_v interest_n may_v propone_v the_o same_o which_o they_o can_v hinder_v for_o instance_n if_o a_o cautioner_n be_v distress_v he_o can_v propone_v payment_n or_o compensation_n upon_o the_o like_a liquid_a debt_n due_a to_o the_o principal_a debtor_n which_o he_o can_v hinder_v and_o therefore_o a_o liquid_a clear_a debt_n though_o bear_v no_o annualrent_a compense_v another_o debt_n bear_v annualrent_a not_o only_o from_o the_o time_n compensation_n be_v propon_v but_o from_o the_o time_n that_o both_o debt_n come_v to_o be_v due_a from_o which_o time_n it_o stop_v the_o course_n of_o annualrent_n as_o be_v clear_a by_o many_o law_n in_o the_o digeste_v &_o c._n de_fw-fr compensationibus_fw-la which_o be_v constant_o follow_v by_o our_o custom_n wherein_o positive_a law_n for_o utility_n sake_n have_v influence_n to_o shun_v the_o multiplication_n of_o plea_n for_o otherways_o if_o compensation_n be_v reject_v the_o creditor_n will_v proceed_v to_o execution_n and_o the_o debtor_n will_v be_v put_v to_o a_o new_a action_n which_o be_v very_o inconvenient_a and_o therefore_o when_o a_o debtor_n forbear_v to_o insist_v for_o a_o liquid_a debt_n after_o the_o term_n be_v past_a it_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v on_o that_o account_n that_o the_o creditor_n owe_v he_o the_o like_a or_o a_o great_a sum_n &_o frustra_fw-la petit_fw-la quod_fw-la mox_fw-la est_fw-la restituturus_fw-la but_o otherways_o compensation_n be_v neither_o payment_n formal_o nor_o material_o for_o when_o a_o creditor_n borrow_v from_o his_o debtor_n a_o sum_n and_o express_o obliege_v he_o to_o pay_v the_o same_o it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v do_v for_o payment_n of_o a_o sum_n former_o due_a to_o the_o debtor_n that_o there_o be_v a_o express_a obligement_n to_o pay_v the_o same_o in_o numerat_a money_n at_o a_o day_n and_o yet_o if_o that_o posterior_n debt_n be_v insist_v on_o it_o may_v be_v compense_v with_o the_o prior_n if_o compensation_n be_v renunce_v it_o will_v be_v exclude_v by_o that_o personal_a objection_n which_o will_v take_v no_o place_n against_o other_o party_n interest_n for_o thereupon_o compensation_n will_v be_v admit_v for_o a_o cautioner_n for_o a_o debt_n due_a to_o the_o principal_a though_o the_o principal_n shall_v renounce_v compensation_n or_o if_o the_o compensation_n be_v indirect_o renounce_v by_o give_v a_o bond_n blank_a in_o the_o creditor_n name_n which_o be_v understand_v as_o do_v of_o intention_n that_o the_o bond_n may_v pass_v to_o singular_a successor_n without_o a_o formal_a assignation_n or_o intimation_n but_o by_o fill_v the_o party_n name_n who_o get_v the_o bond_n who_o charge_v thereupon_o will_v not_o be_v compense_v by_o any_o debt_n of_o the_o party_n to_o who_o it_o be_v first_o grant_v nic._n hic_fw-la november_n 14._o 1621._o findlayson_n contra_fw-la garden_n february_n 27._o 1668._o henderson_n contra_fw-la birny_n and_o on_o the_o same_o ground_n a_o bond_n of_o corroboration_n bear_v a_o general_a exclusion_n of_o suspension_n be_v find_v to_o exclude_v compensation_n though_o the_o bond_n be_v grant_v under_o caption_n without_o any_o transaction_n or_o abatement_n june_n 28._o 1672._o robert_n murray_n cantra_fw-la spadie_n of_o assintully_n compensation_n be_v describe_v by_o modestinus_n debiti_fw-la &_o crediti_fw-la contributie_n l._n 1_o ff_n de_fw-fr compensationibus_fw-la which_o description_n be_v neither_o clear_a nor_o full_a it_o be_v not_o clear_a whether_o the_o contribution_n be_v by_o concourse_n of_o two_o debt_n or_o by_o propon_v of_o the_o compensation_n neither_o be_v it_o full_a by_o express_v what_o kind_n of_o debt_n be_v compensible_a for_o they_o must_v be_v commensurable_a and_o liquid_a be_v consider_v as_o fungible_n indecernable_a in_o the_o value_n or_o in_o the_o individual_n as_o money_n wine_n oil_n grain_n etc._n etc._n or_o if_o both_o obligation_n be_v in_o general_a as_o if_o either_o party_n be_v oblige_v to_o deliver_v a_o house_n a_o sword_n etc._n etc._n for_o then_o no_o speciality_n be_v express_v the_o obligation_n be_v commensurat_fw-la and_o so_o compensible_a but_o obligation_n of_o a_o particular_a body_n be_v not_o compensible_a by_o money_n and_o therefore_o money_n depositate_fw-la be_v demand_v can_v be_v compense_v by_o a_o debt_n due_a to_o the_o depositar_n because_o the_o money_n depositat_fw-la be_v not_o deliver_v as_o a_o fungible_a to_o be_v restore_v in_o the_o same_o kind_n but_o in_o the_o same_o individual_a and_o likewise_o acceptance_n of_o depositation_n import_v so_o much_o trust_v for_o ready_a delivery_n that_o compensation_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v renounce_v l._n pen._n c._n depositi_fw-la upon_o the_o same_o ground_n compensation_n be_v not_o relevant_a upon_o sum_n secure_v by_o a_o heritable_a infeftment_n whereby_o land_n or_o annualrent_n be_v dispone_v for_o these_o sum_n for_o though_o impignoration_n be_v intend_v yet_o the_o contract_n be_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vendition_n with_o a_o reversion_n the_o sum_n lend_v become_v the_o debtor_n as_o the_o price_n of_o the_o land_n or_o annualrent_n and_o be_v no_o more_o the_o creditor_n unless_o there_o be_v a_o clause_n of_o requisition_n that_o he_o may_v return_v to_o his_o money_n or_o pass_v from_o his_o infeftment_n or_o a_o clause_n to_o repay_v upon_o a_o simple_a charge_n and_o therefore_o till_o the_o requisition_n or_o charge_n there_o can_v be_v no_o compensation_n except_o upon_o the_o bygon_n annualrent_n due_a by_o the_o infeftment_n which_o remain_v still_o movable_a and_o compensible_a january_n 2._o 1667._o oliphant_n contra_fw-la hamiltoun_n but_o compensation_n be_v sustain_v upon_o liquid_a sum_n though_o apprize_a be_v lead_v thereupon_o unless_o it_o be_v clad_v with_o possession_n and_o expyre_v june_n 18._o 1675._o leys_n burnet_n contra_fw-la forbes_n of_o blacktoun_n the_o like_a be_v find_v as_o to_o a_o sum_n apprise_v for_o but_o not_o upon_o a_o wodsett_n require_v requisition_n unless_o requisition_n be_v make_v november_n 12._o 1675._o home_o of_o plandergast_n contra_fw-la home_n of_o linthil_n but_o by_o a_o liquid_a debt_n be_v not_o understand_v a_o debt_n for_o which_o there_o be_v a_o decreet_a or_o quae_fw-la habet_fw-la paratam_fw-la executionem_fw-la for_o restitution_n but_o it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o the_o debt_n itself_o be_v liquid_a of_o the_o same_o kind_n with_o the_o charge_n and_o therefore_o compensation_n be_v competent_a against_o sum_n due_a by_o registrat_n bond_n upon_o sum_n due_a by_o bond_n though_o not_o registrat_n yea_o though_o not_o registrable_a compensation_n be_v also_o competent_a upon_o debt_n which_o be_v not_o liquid_a so_o soon_o as_o they_o become_v liquid_a either_o
obligement_n to_o pay_v it_o yearly_a or_o term_o without_o mention_n of_o infeftment_n make_v the_o provision_n or_o bond_n heretable_n and_o not_o to_o descend_v to_o executor_n child_n or_o wife_n but_o to_o heir_n only_o yea_o though_o the_o bond_n bear_v but_o five_o per_fw-la cent_n which_o be_v allege_v but_o a_o alimentary_a clause_n june_n 28._o 1665._o jean_n pitcairn_n contra_fw-la isobel_n edgar_n till_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1641._o revive_v parl._n 1661._o cap._n 32._o whereby_o such_o bond_n as_o be_v or_o shall_v be_v make_v after_o that_o act_n 1641._o bear_v only_o a_o clause_n of_o annualrent_n and_o no_o obligement_n to_o infeft_a the_o creditor_n in_o a_o annualrent_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v movable_a as_o to_o the_o defunct_n child_n or_o near_a of_o kin_n but_o not_o as_o to_o the_o wife_n or_o fisk_n to_o fall_v undersingle_a escheat_n and_o that_o because_o many_o have_v their_o estate_n and_o stock_n in_o money_n and_o take_v obligement_n for_o annualrent_n for_o the_o profit_n thereof_o without_o purpose_n to_o exclude_v their_o young_a child_n therefrom_o but_o wife_n be_v exclude_v because_o they_o be_v ordinary_o provide_v by_o their_o contract_n of_o marriage_n but_o before_o this_o act_n all_o such_o bond_n be_v to_o all_o effect_n heritable_a yet_o so_o assums_fw-la destinat_fw-la for_o annualrent_fw-la though_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la they_o bear_v none_o be_v heritable_a quoad_fw-la the_o party_n who_o destinat_fw-la as_o when_o a_o tocher_n be_v oblige_v by_o a_o wife_n father_n or_o brother_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o her_o husband_n who_o be_v oblige_v to_o employ_v it_o upon_o annualrent_a this_o sum_n as_o to_o the_o husband_n be_v heritable_a and_o exclude_v his_o executor_n but_o as_o to_o the_o debtor_n who_o be_v neither_o oblige_v to_o pay_v annualrent_a or_o employ_v it_o it_o be_v movable_a and_o so_o will_v affect_v the_o debtor_n executor_n and_o exhaust_v his_o moveable_n but_o will_v only_o belong_v to_o the_o creditor_n heir_n january_n 19_o 1637._o robison_n contra_fw-la seatoun_n july_n 25._o 1662._o barbara_n nasmith_n contra_fw-la jaffray_n this_o be_v so_o far_o extend_v that_o when_o the_o destination_n be_v by_o a_o distinct_a article_n or_o bond_n yet_o the_o executor_n may_v be_v compel_v to_o assign_v or_o repay_v the_o sum_n to_o the_o heir_n spot_n juramentum_fw-la de_fw-la calumnia_fw-la margaret_n contra_fw-la janet_n watson_n idem_fw-la de_fw-la haeredibus_fw-la executor_n of_o david_n seatoun_n contra_fw-la thomas_n robison_n bond_n also_o become_v heritable_a by_o distinct_a superveen_n right_n as_o by_o a_o several_a disposition_n of_o the_o debtor_n of_o his_o whole_a good_n and_o land_n with_o obligement_n to_o infeft_n and_o also_o by_o a_o superveen_a apprize_a but_o even_o the_o complete_a heritable_a right_n themselves_o contain_v also_o personal_a clause_n of_o requisition_n become_v movable_a by_o the_o requisition_n or_o charge_n which_o be_v pro_fw-la tempore_fw-la a_o pass_v from_o the_o infeftment_n and_o take_v the_o creditor_n to_o the_o personal_a obligement_n yet_o so_o as_o when_o ever_o he_o please_v to_o pass_v from_o the_o requisition_n or_o charge_n it_o convalesce_v and_o be_v not_o exclude_v by_o interveen_a right_n and_o be_v find_v movable_a by_o a_o charge_n though_o but_o against_o one_o of_o the_o cautioner_n not_o only_o as_o to_o he_o but_o as_o to_o all_o the_o debtor_n see_v thereby_o the_o creditor_n have_v take_v his_o option_n january_n 24._o 1666._o colonel_n james_n montgomery_n contra_fw-la stuart_n but_o the_o show_v the_o defunct_n mind_n to_o require_v be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o make_v the_o sum_n movable_a unless_o it_o be_v do_v habili_fw-la modo_fw-la so_o a_o requisition_n be_v disconform_a to_o the_o clause_n of_o a_o requisition_n be_v find_v not_o to_o make_v the_o sum_n movable_a january_n 18._o 1665._o stuart_n contra_fw-la stuart_n yea_o a_o charge_n upon_o a_o bond_n of_o corroboration_n accumulate_v the_o principal_a and_o annual_a in_o a_o former_a security_n by_o infeftment_n and_o bear_v but_o derogation_n of_o the_o former_a security_n be_v find_v to_o make_v the_o whole_a sum_n movable_a and_o to_o belong_v to_o the_o executor_n without_o necessity_n to_o instruct_v a_o warrant_n to_o give_v the_o charge_n which_o be_v presume_v albeit_o the_o defunct_a upon_o deathbed_n express_v that_o the_o sum_n belong_v to_o his_o heir_n june_n 25._o 1672._o executor_n and_o heir_n of_o sir_n robert_n seatoun_n but_o sum_n be_v not_o find_v heritable_a because_o a_o disposition_n of_o land_n do_v bear_v as_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o reversion_n that_o the_o land_n shall_v not_o be_v redeem_v or_o the_o acquirer_n denude_v till_o he_o be_v satisfy_v of_o all_o sum_n due_a to_o he_o or_o which_o shall_v the_o due_a to_o he_o by_o the_o disponer_n neither_o yet_o when_o the_o sum_n be_v in_o the_o dispositive_a clause_n to_o be_v contract_v thereafter_o but_o only_a sum_n which_o be_v the_o anterior_a cause_n of_o the_o disposition_n for_o thereby_o the_o creditor_n do_v not_o make_v such_o sum_n jura_fw-la fixa_fw-la nor_o be_v they_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o disposition_n february_n 18._o 1676._o thomas_n wauch_n contra_fw-la doctor_n jamison_n sum_n be_v also_o heritable_a when_o executor_n be_v express_o exclude_v and_o a_o charge_n or_o decreet_a for_o such_o sum_n will_v not_o make_v they_o movable_a july_n 13._o 1676._o christy_n contra_fw-la christy_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o creditor_n by_o call_v for_o his_o money_n be_v not_o to_o retain_v it_o in_o his_o hand_n as_o moveable_n but_o to_o make_v it_o a_o fix_a right_n for_o his_o heir_n see_v he_o exclude_v his_o executor_n and_o for_o the_o like_a reason_n wife_n charge_v for_o their_o heritable_a sum_n the_o stock_n whereof_o be_v not_o in_o their_o husband_n power_n be_v not_o presume_v thereby_o to_o make_v they_o movable_a and_o to_o fall_v in_o the_o power_n of_o their_o husband_n and_o if_o any_o party_n in_o his_o process_n or_o charge_n shall_v so_o declare_v his_o intent_n it_o will_v not_o make_v the_o sum_n movable_a but_o requisition_n or_o a_o charge_n will_v make_v sum_n which_o be_v heritable_a by_o infeftment_n or_o destination_n movable_a and_o so_o likewise_o will_v a_o decreet_a for_o payment_n decem._n 13._o 1676._o mr._n john_n fairholm_n contra_fw-la mr._n francis_n montgomery_n sum_n consign_v by_o a_o order_n of_o redemption_n do_v not_o thereby_o become_v movable_a till_o declarator_n of_o redemption_n or_o till_o the_o creditor_n accept_v of_o the_o confignation_n and_o insist_v for_o the_o consign_v sum_n which_o if_o he_o do_v not_o his_o executor_n can_v recover_v the_o same_o but_o his_o heir_n to_o who_o the_o wodsett_n right_o belong_v for_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o debtor_n to_o alter_v the_o condition_n of_o his_o creditor_n sum_n and_o to_o make_v it_o either_o heritable_a or_o movable_a without_o consent_n of_o the_o creditor_n or_o authority_n of_o a_o judge_n but_o the_o consignet_fw-la may_v take_v up_o his_o sum_n consign_v and_o pass_v from_o his_o order_n january_n 21._o 1673._o thomas_n nicol_n contra_fw-la lowrie_n june_n 18._o 1675._o laird_n of_o lie_n contra_fw-la foulis_n of_o blacktoun_n the_o requisition_n and_o charge_n may_v not_o only_o be_v pass_v from_o express_o but_o tacit_o by_o take_v annualrent_a after_o the_o charge_n if_o it_o be_v for_o term_n thereafter_o as_o in_o the_o last_o case_n spot_n assignation_n denaldson_n contra_fw-la donaldson_n requisition_n or_o a_o charge_n make_v bond_n heritable_a even_o after_o the_o act_n 1641._o movable_a as_o to_o the_o relict_n the_o like_a be_v when_o they_o become_v otherways_o simple_o movable_a but_o sum_n only_o heritable_a by_o destination_n for_o annualrent_n be_v movable_a till_o the_o first_o term_n of_o payment_n of_o the_o annualrent_n be_v past_a though_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n of_o the_o principal_a be_v not_o come_v yet_o if_o the_o first_o term_n of_o payment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v past_a the_o sum_n be_v heritable_a july_n 31._o 1666._o sir_n lodovick_n gordoun_n contra_fw-la sir_n john_n keith_n and_o if_o the_o debtor_n die_v before_o that_o time_n they_o affect_v his_o executor_n june_n 29._o 1624._o smith_n contra_fw-la relict_n of_o peter_n sanderson_n or_o by_o the_o creditor_n death_n before_o the_o first_o term_n of_o the_o annualtent_n they_o fall_v to_o his_o executor_n and_o wife_n february_n 12._o 1623._o wallace_n contra_fw-la mcdowal_n and_o general_o all_o right_n and_o obliegment_n have_v a_o tract_n of_o future_a time_n be_v heritable_a as_o to_o the_o executor_n who_o be_v thereby_o exclude_v though_o they_o no_o way_n relate_v to_o infeftment_n or_o land_n as_o pension_n tack_n etc._n etc._n but_o as_o to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d where_o the_o distinction_n be_v betwixt_o movable_n liferent_a right_n and_o heritable_a right_n the_o first_o be_v carry_v by_o single_a escheat_n the_o next_o by_o
water_n rise_v in_o fountain_n there_o dry_v of_o net_n erect_v of_o tent_n and_o the_o like_a yet_o do_v the_o shoar_n remain_v proper_a not_o only_o as_o to_o jurisdiction_n but_o as_o to_o house_n or_o work_v build_v thereupon_o and_o as_o to_o mineral_n coal_n or_o the_o like_a find_v there_o and_o so_o be_v not_o in_o whole_a common_a but_o some_o use_n thereof_o only_o nor_o do_v it_o follow_v that_o these_o use_n be_v not_o common_a to_o all_o man_n because_o they_o be_v deny_v to_o enemy_n for_o as_o for_o these_o we_o may_v take_v away_o that_o which_o be_v in_o their_o power_n in_o some_o case_n so_o much_o more_o may_v we_o detain_v from_o they_o that_o which_o be_v we_o and_o as_o we_o pursue_v their_o person_n and_o good_n in_o their_o own_o much_o more_o in_o our_o bound_n the_o shoar_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v define_v to_o be_v so_o far_o as_o the_o great_a winter_n tide_n do_v run_v inst._n de_fw-fr rerum_fw-la divisione_n §_o 11._o which_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o ordinary_a tide_n and_o not_o of_o extraordinary_a spring_n tide_n but_o the_o use_n of_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o river_n to_o cast_v anchor_n or_o lay_v good_n thereon_o or_o to_o tie_v cable_n to_o tree_n grow_v thereon_o or_o the_o use_n of_o port_n which_o be_v industrial_a or_o station_n make_v by_o art_n or_o fortify_v for_o security_n be_v not_o common_a to_o all_o man_n but_o public_a to_o their_o own_o people_n or_o allow_v to_o other_o free_o for_o commerce_n or_o in_o some_o case_n be_v grant_v for_o a_o reasonable_a satisfaction_n of_o anchorage_n portage_n or_o other_o shoar_n due_n which_o ofttimes_o belong_v to_o private_a person_n by_o their_o proper_a right_n or_o custom_n or_o by_o public_a grant_n so_o also_o way_n or_o passage_n in_o the_o land_n be_v common_a to_o all_o and_o may_v not_o be_v just_o refuse_v by_o one_o nation_n to_o another_o and_o be_v refuse_v have_v always_o be_v account_v lawful_a to_o be_v force_v as_o plutarch_n relate_v of_o simon_n who_o go_v to_o lacedaemon_n force_v his_o passage_n through_o corinth_n and_o agesilaus_n return_v from_o asia_n crave_v passage_n through_o macedon_n and_o while_o they_o crave_v time_n to_o consult_v of_o a_o answer_n he_o conceive_v delay_n to_o be_v a_o denial_n say_v consult_v you_o but_o i_o will_v pass_v but_o to_o take_v away_o all_o question_n whether_o these_o be_v by_o might_n or_o right_a we_o have_v a_o divine_a example_n of_o moses_n number_n 20._o verse_n 17_o and_o 19_o where_o israel_n in_o their_o way_n to_o canaan_n crave_v passage_n of_o edom_n by_o the_o high_a way_n and_o offer_v payment_n even_o for_o their_o water_n which_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o their_o stand_a water_n as_o well_n which_o be_v rare_a and_o precious_a there_o and_o do_v the_o like_a with_o the_o ammonite_n and_o upon_o refusal_n force_v it_o by_o war._n there_o be_v also_o in_o property_n employ_v a_o obligation_n of_o commerce_n or_o exchange_n in_o case_n of_o necessity_n for_o without_o this_o property_n can_v not_o consist_v see_v by_o the_o division_n infer_v there_o through_o every_o man_n can_v have_v actual_o all_o necessar_n without_o exchange_n which_o be_v deny_v in_o case_n of_o necessity_n or_o where_o there_o be_v no_o common_a authority_n may_v be_v take_v by_o force_n as_o these_o who_o pass_v through_o the_o territory_n of_o other_o if_o by_o their_o opposition_n or_o otherways_o they_o be_v short_a of_o provision_n they_o may_v lawful_o take_v the_o same_o for_o money_n as_o be_v employ_v in_o moses_n offer_v to_o edom_n yea_o there_o be_v employ_v in_o property_n a_o obligation_n to_o give_v in_o case_n of_o necessity_n to_o these_o who_o have_v not_o wherewith_o to_o exchange_v and_o can_v otherways_o preserve_v their_o life_n but_o with_o the_o obligation_n of_o recompense_n when_o they_o be_v able_a for_o humane_a necessity_n do_v also_o infer_v this_o but_o it_o must_v be_v a_o real_a and_o not_o a_o pretend_a and_o feign_a necessity_n so_o david_n be_v hungry_a eat_v the_o shewbread_n though_o appropriate_a to_o god_n and_o the_o disciple_n be_v hungry_a eat_v the_o ear_n of_o corn_n and_o this_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o obligation_n to_o aliment_v the_o poor_a which_o though_o it_o also_o flow_v from_o the_o obligation_n of_o charity_n yet_o as_o have_v be_v speak_v before_o that_o obligation_n have_v no_o determinat_fw-la bound_n but_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o giver_n not_o of_o the_o demander_n and_o so_o can_v be_v no_o warrant_n for_o take_v by_o force_n and_o without_o consent_n 7._o the_o community_n that_o be_v of_o grass_n and_o fruit_n grow_v upon_o the_o highway_n follow_v the_o community_n of_o the_o way_n themselves_o but_o the_o common_a use_n of_o natural_a fruit_n bring_v forth_o without_o industry_n even_o in_o proper_a field_n as_o of_o nut_n berry_n or_o the_o like_a or_o the_o promiscuous_a use_n of_o pasturage_n in_o the_o winter_n time_n accustom_v in_o many_o place_n of_o scotland_n be_v no_o part_n of_o this_o community_n but_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n permit_v as_o of_o little_a moment_n or_o disadvantage_n and_o therefore_o may_v be_v deny_v without_o injury_n 8._o the_o second_o step_n of_o real_a right_n be_v possession_n which_o as_o it_o be_v the_o way_n to_o property_n and_o in_o 〈◊〉_d case_n do_v full_o accomplish_v it_o so_o it_o have_v in_o it_o a_o distinct_a lesser_a right_a than_o property_n which_o have_v no_o other_o name_n then_o possession_n though_o it_o be_v more_o facti_fw-la then_o juris_fw-la and_o see_v possession_n be_v a_o common_a precognit_fw-la to_o the_o most_o of_o real_a right_n it_o fit_o fall_v in_o here_o to_o be_v consider_v both_o as_o it_o be_v a_o fact_n and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o right_n for_o as_o it_o be_v a_o fact_n it_o be_v not_o only_o requisite_a to_o constitute_v real_a right_n but_o be_v also_o a_o effect_n thereof_o when_o constitute_v 9_o possession_n have_v its_o name_n from_o its_o special_a kind_n for_o it_o be_v as_o much_o as_o positio_fw-la sedium_fw-la express_v the_o way_n of_o possession_n of_o the_o earth_n at_o first_o common_n by_o family_n nation_n or_o person_n by_o fix_v or_o settle_v their_o seat_n or_o habitation_n there_o evidence_v their_o affection_n and_o purpose_n to_o appropriate_v these_o seat_n which_o therefore_o be_v not_o understand_v by_o their_o pass_v through_o it_o but_o by_o fix_v in_o it_o and_o therefore_o territory_n of_o old_a be_v call_v possession_n that_o we_o may_v take_v up_o aright_o the_o nature_n of_o possession_n wherein_o it_o do_v consist_v and_o how_o it_o be_v begin_v continue_v interrupt_a and_o lose_v we_o must_v first_o distinguish_v the_o several_a kind_n of_o possession_n and_o second_o collect_v the_o common_a nature_n wherein_o they_o agree_v and_o three_o the_o point_n of_o right_o thence_o arise_v as_o to_o the_o first_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o kind_n and_o distinction_n of_o possession_n be_v so_o much_o multiply_v be_v because_o by_o positive_a law_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o nation_n property_n and_o servitude_n can_v by_o constitute_v but_o by_o possession_n though_o it_o be_v not_o natural_a or_o necessary_a to_o these_o right_n but_o by_o the_o will_n and_o constitution_n of_o man_n therefore_o it_o receive_v diversification_n at_o their_o pleasure_n 10._o so_o what_o man_n think_v fit_a to_o call_v or_o esteem_v possession_n be_v enough_o to_o constitute_v property_n see_v without_o any_o thing_n such_o it_o may_v be_v constitute_v as_o afterward_o appear_v hence_o arise_v the_o distinction_n of_o possession_n in_o natural_a and_o civil_a the_o former_a be_v that_o which_o be_v and_o the_o latter_a that_o which_o be_v hold_v or_o repute_v such_o under_o which_o there_o be_v degree_n as_o it_o come_v near_a to_o the_o natural_a possession_n we_o shall_v proceed_v in_o order_n from_o the_o more_o plenary_a and_o plain_a possession_n to_o these_o which_o be_v less_o clear_a 11._o first_o then_o the_o clear_a possession_n be_v of_o movable_n and_o it_o be_v the_o first_o possession_n that_o be_v among_o man_n for_o so_o do_v the_o fruit_n of_o thing_n become_v proper_a and_o thereafter_o ornament_n clothes_n instrument_n and_o cattle_n become_v proper_a the_o possession_n whereof_o be_v simple_a and_o plain_a hold_v and_o detain_v they_o for_o our_o proper_a use_n and_o debar_v other_o from_o they_o either_o by_o detain_v they_o in_o our_o hand_n or_o upon_o our_o body_n or_o keep_v they_o under_o our_o view_n or_o power_n and_o make_v use_n of_o they_o or_o have_v they_o in_o fast_a place_n to_o which_o other_o have_v no_o easy_a access_n this_o possession_n of_o movable_n be_v so_o begin_v and_o continue_v and_o by_o contrary_a act_n interrupt_v and_o lose_v when_o other_o exercise_v the_o same_o
act_n either_o without_o the_o possessor_n consent_n or_o by_o their_o tolerance_n or_o tradition_n and_o delivery_n or_o by_o forsake_v or_o relinquish_a they_o so_o that_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o possession_n of_o movable_n there_o be_v little_a controversy_n 12._o second_o possession_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v also_o clear_a in_o many_o case_n as_o first_o in_o habitation_n whether_o in_o cave_n tent_n or_o proper_a house_n next_o in_o garden_n enclosure_n and_o all_o plantation_n three_o in_o field_n by_o pasturage_n or_o tillage_n in_o so_o far_o as_o the_o act_n extend_v so_o far_o these_o all_o be_v most_o natural_a possession_n but_o after_o that_o most_o ancient_a simplicity_n right_n and_o the_o way_n of_o acquire_v thereof_o be_v multiply_v and_o therefore_o possession_n can_v not_o be_v entire_a but_o behove_v to_o be_v divide_v among_o the_o several_a interest_n than_o do_v the_o difficulty_n arise_v as_o when_o one_o have_v the_o property_n a_o second_o the_o fruit_n a_o three_o the_o use_n a_o four_o the_o servitude_n in_o some_o part_v a_o five_o the_o detention_n for_o security_n a_o six_o the_o custody_n or_o location_n and_o all_o these_o exercise_v either_o by_o the_o party_n themselves_o their_o servant_n or_o child_n in_o their_o power_n and_o their_o procurator_n in_o their_o name_n yea_o and_o by_o opposite_a and_o interrupt_a act_n many_o at_o once_o pretend_v to_o the_o same_o kind_n and_o part_n of_o possession_n 13._o so_o then_o the_o three_o kind_n of_o possession_n be_v when_o the_o earth_n begin_v to_o be_v divide_v by_o limit_n and_o bound_n and_o to_o have_v common_a denomination_n than_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v attain_v by_o exercise_v possessory_a act_n upon_o a_o part_n as_o he_o who_o possess_v a_o field_n need_v not_o go_v about_o it_o or_o touch_v every_o turf_n of_o it_o by_o himself_o or_o his_o cattle_n but_o by_o possess_v a_o part_n unless_o there_o be_v contrary_a possessory_a acts._n so_o possession_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o land_n contain_v in_o one_o tenement_n be_v find_v sufficient_a to_o validat_n a_o base_a infeftment_n as_o to_o the_o whole_a and_o to_o exclude_v a_o posterior_n public_a infeftment_n for_o remove_v the_o tenant_n from_o a_o part_n of_o the_o tenement_n though_o the_o base_a infeftment_n have_v possession_n several_a year_n and_o have_v attain_v or_o pursue_v for_o no_o possession_n of_o these_o tenement_n spot_n remove_n hunter_n contra_fw-la hardie_n observe_v by_o dury_n january_n 14._o 1630._o the_o like_a of_o possession_n of_o a_o tack_v of_o a_o part_n of_o teind_n in_o a_o tack_v find_v sufficient_a to_o validat_n the_o tack_v as_o to_o the_o whole_a spot_n 1._o possessione_n lady_n merchistoun_n contra_fw-la wrights-house_n 14._o possession_n civil_a be_v extend_v to_o uplift_v of_o mail_n and_o duty_n which_o be_v sufficient_a to_o introduce_v and_o preserve_v property_n though_o the_o pasturage_n and_o tillage_n and_o all_o other_o natural_a deed_n of_o possession_n be_v in_o other_o who_o be_v proper_o call_v possessor_n who_o hold_v and_o possess_v for_o themselves_o in_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v the_o excresce_fw-it of_o the_o profit_n above_o the_o rent_n as_o to_o which_o they_o possess_v in_o name_n of_o their_o master_n and_o therefore_o this_o possession_n be_v partly_o naturral_a to_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o partly_o civil_a by_o their_o tenant_n 15._o five_o possession_n be_v attain_v symbolical_o where_o there_o be_v not_o use_v of_o the_o whole_a or_o a_o part_n but_o only_o of_o a_o symbol_n or_o token_n and_o this_o be_v when_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v possess_v be_v present_a as_o the_o civil_a possession_n by_o infeftment_n by_o delivery_n of_o earth_n and_o stone_n upon_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n or_o by_o delivery_n of_o a_o parcel_n of_o corn_n for_o a_o stack_n or_o field_n of_o corn_n or_o some_o of_o a_o herd_n or_o flock_n for_o the_o whole_a flock_n be_v present_a in_o which_o the_o symbol_n be_v also_o part_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v possess_v have_v some_o affinity_n to_o natural_a possession_n six_o civil_a possession_n be_v by_o a_o token_n or_o symbol_n which_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v possess_v but_o be_v a_o token_n to_o represent_v it_o as_o either_o have_v some_o resemblance_n with_o it_o as_o the_o delivery_n of_o a_o copy_n or_o scroll_n for_o a_o office_n or_o a_o penny_n for_o a_o annualrent_a or_o otherways_o have_v no_o resemblance_n but_o be_v a_o token_n mere_o suppositious_a to_o represent_v it_o as_o delivery_n of_o a_o batton_n in_o resignation_n or_o delivery_n of_o a_o thing_n buy_v or_o sell_v by_o a_o wisp_n of_o straw_n which_o ordinary_o be_v in_o absence_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v possess_v 16._o seven_o possession_n be_v attain_v or_o retain_v without_o symbol_n and_o without_o interposition_n of_o any_o person_n in_o our_o power_n or_o procurator_n but_o only_o by_o conjunction_n of_o interest_n so_o when_o the_o property_n of_o land_n be_v grant_v to_o one_o and_o the_o usufruct_v or_o liferent_a to_o another_o or_o when_o the_o liferent_a be_v reserve_v the_o possesssion_n of_o the_o liferenter_fw-la be_v hold_v to_o be_v the_o possession_n of_o the_o fire_n as_o to_o all_o other_o three_o party_n and_o right_n and_o a_o husband_n possession_n of_o land_n by_o himself_o or_o any_o derive_v right_o from_o he_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v the_o wife_n possession_n by_o her_o liferent_a infeftment_n the_o several_a kind_n and_o degree_n of_o possession_n be_v thus_o lay_v open_a it_o will_v be_v more_o easy_a to_o takeup_v the_o common_a notion_n and_o nature_n of_o it_o and_o it_o may_v be_v thus_o describe_v 17._o possession_n be_v the_o hold_v or_o detain_v of_o any_o thing_n by_o ourselves_o or_o other_o for_o our_o use_n it_o be_v not_o every_o hold_v or_o detain_v which_o make_v possession_n for_o so_o depositar_n detain_v but_o because_o it_o be_v not_o for_o their_o use_n they_o do_v not_o possess_v to_o possession_n there_o must_v be_v a_o act_n of_o the_o body_n which_o be_v detention_n and_o hold_v and_o a_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o be_v the_o inclination_n or_o affection_n to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o thing_n detain_v which_o be_v of_o the_o mind_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o perceivable_a as_o that_o of_o the_o body_n but_o it_o be_v presume_v whensoever_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o detainer_n may_v be_v to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o thing_n but_o where_o it_o may_v be_v wrong_a or_o hurtful_a it_o be_v not_o presume_v as_o he_o who_o take_v another_o man_n horse_n by_o the_o head_n or_o keep_v that_o which_o be_v waith_n or_o take_v in_o his_o hand_n the_o money_n or_o good_n of_o another_o which_o if_o it_o be_v to_o make_v use_n of_o it_o will_v infer_v theft_n and_o therefore_o such_o detention_n be_v not_o presume_v to_o be_v possession_n he_o also_o who_o detain_v or_o hold_v a_o thing_n not_o at_o all_o for_o his_o own_o use_n but_o for_o another_o who_o do_v detain_v by_o he_o as_o by_o his_o servant_n or_o procurator_n do_v not_o possess_v but_o otherways_o if_o he_o have_v no_o warrant_n from_o another_o but_o only_o intend_v or_o be_v oblige_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v to_o the_o behoof_n of_o another_o in_o that_o case_n he_o be_v possessor_n because_o the_o real_a right_o be_v in_o he_o and_o there_o be_v upon_o he_o only_o a_o obligation_n to_o make_v it_o forthcoming_a to_o another_o and_o they_o who_o possess_v partly_o for_o themselves_o and_o partly_o for_o other_o as_o tenant_n have_v possession_n in_o part_n 18._o to_o come_v now_o to_o the_o requisite_n for_o enter_v and_o begin_v possession_n there_o must_v be_v both_o the_o detention_n of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o detention_n of_o the_o mind_n for_o use_v for_o neither_o of_o the_o two_o alone_o can_v begin_v possession_n corporal_a possession_n alone_o can_v neither_o begin_v it_o nor_o continue_v it_o and_o if_o any_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v enough_o possession_n will_v be_v very_o large_a and_o but_o imaginary_a but_o the_o manner_n of_o this_o seizure_n of_o possession_n to_o begin_v it_o be_v very_o diverse_a by_o all_o the_o several_a way_n which_o be_v before_o set_v forth_o 19_o possession_n be_v once_o begin_v be_v continue_v not_o only_o by_o reiteration_n of_o possessory_a act_n but_o even_o by_o the_o mind_n only_o though_o there_o be_v no_o outward_a act_n exerce_v and_o the_o mind_n and_o affection_n to_o continue_v possession_n be_v always_o presume_v unless_o the_o contrary_n appear_v so_o that_o if_o the_o thing_n once_o possess_v be_v void_a as_o to_o outward_a act_n yet_o it_o be_v hold_v possess_v by_o the_o mind_n and_o any_o contrary_a act_n of_o other_o enter_v to_o that_o possession_n be_v unwarrantable_a and_o intrusion_n for_o as_o have_v be_v
grant_v after_o the_o liferent_a escheat_n fall_v in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o superior_a and_o donatar_a july_n 3._o 1624._o moor_n contra_fw-la hannay_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o galloway_n and_o extend_v to_o a_o tack_v or_o few_o of_o ward-land_n not_o confirm_v by_o the_o superior_a in_o prejudice_n of_o his_o donatar_n of_o the_o ward_n march_v 13._o 1627._o laird_n of_o ley_n contra_fw-la blair_n and_o extend_v to_o the_o profit_n of_o a_o procurator-fiscals_a place_n wherein_o the_o incumbent_n serve_v three_o year_n without_o interruption_n though_o his_o right_n be_v reduce_v thereafter_o and_o declare_v null_n ab_fw-la initio_fw-la february_n 17._o 1624._o thomson_n contra_fw-la law_n it_o be_v also_o extend_v to_o one_o who_o have_v a_o posterior_n right_o of_o reversion_n first_o redeem_v and_o possess_v thereby_o as_o to_o bygone_n before_o the_o citation_n though_o he_o have_v not_o possess_v so_o long_o as_o to_o give_v he_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n november_n 18._o 1664._o guthrie_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o sornbeg_n it_o be_v also_o sustain_v against_o a_o minor_a reduce_v upon_o minority_n and_o lesion_n yet_o the_o possessor_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o contract_n be_v secure_a as_o to_o bygon_n before_o citation_n here_o there_o be_v a_o probable_a cause_n of_o contract_n for_o a_o onerous_a consideration_n though_o not_o full_o equivalent_a february_n 16._o 1666._o earl_n of_o wintoun_n contra_fw-la countess_n of_o wintoun_n upon_o this_o title_n a_o tennent_n be_v liberat_fw-la from_o remove_v upon_o a_o warn_n by_o a_o fire_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n the_o liferenter_fw-la in_o respect_n he_o set_v the_o tack_v without_o mention_n of_o his_o liferent_a and_o be_v repute_v fire_n and_o therefore_o the_o son_n be_v put_v to_o a_o new_a warning_n february_n 16._o 1669._o hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la harper_n possession_n bona_fw-la fide_fw-la be_v find_v to_o liberat_fw-la a_o appryzer_n from_o be_v countable_a to_o the_o other_o appryzer_n within_o year_n and_o day_n july_n 17._o 1675._o bailzie_n baird_n contra_fw-la bailzie_n johnstoun_n it_o be_v also_o sustain_v against_o the_o donatar_n of_o forefaulture_n january_n 28._o 1679._o laird_n of_o blair_n contra_fw-la lady_n heslehead_n it_o be_v also_o sustain_v upon_o a_o infeftment_n for_o relief_n whereby_o the_o rent_n be_v to_o be_v impute_v in_o satisfaction_n both_o of_o the_o principal_a and_o annual_a february_n 8._o 1676._o margaret_n scrimzour_n contra_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o northesk_n yea_o it_o be_v sustain_v though_o the_o possessor_n title_n be_v forge_v he_o be_v a_o singular_a successor_n not_o accessary_a to_o or_o conscious_a of_o the_o forgery_n even_o after_o improbation_n of_o his_o title_n be_v propon_v by_o exception_n but_o not_o sustain_v but_o reserve_v by_o way_n of_o action_n in_o which_o the_o title_n be_v find_v false_a yet_o the_o bona_fw-la fides_fw-la be_v extend_v to_o the_o rend_v spend_v till_o he_o be_v put_v in_o mala_fw-la fide_fw-la by_o probation_n of_o the_o forgery_n but_o he_o be_v find_v liable_a in_o quantum_fw-la lucratus_fw-la for_o get_v more_o price_n for_o the_o land_n in_o question_n than_o he_o pay_v to_o his_o author_n therefore_o december_n 10._o 1677._o dick_n of_o grange_n contra_fw-la sir_n laurance_n oliphant_n but_o no_o unlawful_a possession_n be_v valid_a in_o this_o case_n if_o it_o be_v vicious_a violent_a clandestine_v or_o momentany_a but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o evident_a when_o a_o possession_n be_v account_v momentany_a sure_a little_a time_n will_v suffice_v in_o movable_n but_o in_o land_n more_o time_n be_v require_v a_o year_n or_o term_n or_o less_o time_n may_v suffice_v this_o right_n be_v different_a from_o the_o possessory_a judgement_n competent_a upon_o infeftment_n which_o require_v long_a time_n and_o because_o it_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o infeftment_n tack_n or_o the_o like_a we_o shall_v speak_v thereof_o in_o that_o place_n if_o the_o possession_n bona_fw-la fide_fw-la be_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o colourable_a title_n though_o perhaps_o null_a in_o itself_o upon_o informality_n in_o the_o law_n requisite_a or_o upon_o inhibition_n interdiction_n or_o want_v of_o power_n in_o the_o grant_a it_o be_v effectual_a yet_o when_o by_o a_o common_a or_o know_a law_n the_o title_n be_v void_a material_o in_o this_o case_n the_o possessor_n be_v not_o esteem_v to_o possess_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la it_o be_v so_o evident_a ignorantia_fw-la juris_fw-la non_fw-la excusat_fw-la as_o if_o a_o relict_n shall_v possess_v land_n or_o other_o the_o marriage_n be_v dissolve_v by_o her_o husband_n death_n within_o year_n and_o day_n november_n 16._o 1633._o grant_v contra_fw-la grant_n hereby_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o possession_n have_v much_o in_o it_o dictinct_a and_o several_a from_o fact_n and_o therefore_o it_o stand_v in_o place_n of_o a_o title_n in_o ejection_n and_o spuilzy_n 25._o by_o the_o canon_n law_n allow_v by_o our_o custom_n possessor_n decennalis_fw-la &_o triennalis_fw-la non_fw-la tenetur_fw-la docere_fw-la de_fw-la titulo_fw-la etiam_fw-la in_o causa_fw-la salsi_fw-la whereupon_o prebendar_n be_v assoilzy_v from_o production_n in_o a_o improbation_n of_o their_o provision_n hope_v improb_n bishop_n of_o galloway_n contra_fw-la the_o prebendar_n of_o the_o chappel-royal_a but_o this_o hold_v not_o in_o reduction_n where_o the_o title_n be_v suppose_v but_o crave_v to_o be_v reduce_v upon_o a_o better_a right_n as_o when_o the_o debate_n be_v who_o have_v the_o right_a of_o patronage_n earl_n of_o wigtoun_n contra_fw-la drummellier_n july_n 24._o 1622._o earl_n of_o wigtoun_n contra_fw-la bishop_n of_o glasgow_n for_o in_o these_o case_n a_o ecclesiastical_a person_n title_n be_v to_o be_v reduce_v in_o consequentiam_fw-la with_o the_o patron_n title_n which_o have_v not_o this_o privilege_n but_o this_o possession_n must_v be_v as_o be_v hold_v and_o repute_v a_o part_n of_o a_o benefice_n and_o must_v be_v prove_v by_o witness_n and_o therefore_o the_o possession_n of_o land_n by_o tolerance_n be_v find_v probable_a by_o witness_n to_o elide_v thirteen_o year_n possession_n thereof_o by_o a_o minister_n who_o pretend_v to_o it_o as_o a_o part_n of_o his_o glibe_n minister_n of_o contra_fw-la duke_n of_o bucleugh_n and_o if_o the_o churchmen_n title_n can_v be_v find_v their_o possession_n will_v be_v ascribe_v thereto_o and_o regulate_v thereby_o and_o therefore_o the_o bishop_n of_o dumblain_n as_o dean_n of_o the_o chapel-royal_a have_v long_o possess_v ten_o chalder_n of_o victual_n as_o a_o part_n of_o his_o benefice_n there_o be_v find_v a_o mortification_n of_o that_o victual_n by_o the_o king_n bear_v the_o king_n to_o have_v have_v right_a by_o disposition_n from_o another_o and_o that_o other_o right_o be_v produce_v do_v bear_v reversion_n in_o the_o body_n thereof_o for_o seven_o thousand_o mark_n which_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n when_o the_o bishop_n be_v suppress_v and_o his_o grant_n of_o redemption_n thereupon_o voluntary_o without_o a_o order_n or_o sentence_n the_o churchmen_n possession_n more_o than_o thirteen_o year_n before_o the_o redemption_n and_o thirteen_o year_n after_o the_o redemption_n be_v elide_v by_o the_o reverse_n right_o and_o redemption_n neither_o do_v the_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la after_o the_o reformation_n declare_v ten_o year_n possession_n of_o kirk_n land_n before_o the_o reformation_n and_o thirty_o year_n after_o to_o import_v a_o right_a sustain_v this_o churchman_n possession_n that_o act_n be_v only_o for_o fews_n grant_v by_o churchman_n not_o for_o right_n grant_v to_o churchman_n july_n 7._o 1676._o bishop_n of_o dumblain_n contra_fw-la francis_n kinloch_n and_o it_o be_v find_v that_o thirteen_o year_n possession_n of_o viccarage_n by_o a_o minister_n do_v not_o prefer_v he_o to_o a_o tacksman_n where_o the_o minister_n title_n be_v a_o decreet_a of_o locality_n produce_v and_o not_o contain_v the_o teind_n in_o question_n february_n 24._o 1681_o doctor_n lesly_n contra_fw-la the_o minister_n of_o glenmuck_n this_o right_n in_o favour_n of_o churchman_n be_v by_o a_o rule_n of_o chancelary_a of_o rome_n which_o have_v be_v continue_v after_o reformation_n as_o be_v convenient_a that_o less_o time_n and_o title_n shall_v give_v right_a to_o the_o church_n benefice_n who_o mortification_n may_v be_v easy_o lose_v or_o suppress_v than_o other_o right_n there_o be_v also_o another_o rule_n in_o the_o chancelary_a that_o triennalis_fw-la pacificus_fw-la possessor_n beneficii_fw-la est_fw-la inde_fw-la securus_fw-la this_o rule_n give_v not_o right_a to_o the_o church_n but_o prefer_v one_o churchman_n to_o another_o if_o he_o continue_v to_o possess_v three_o year_n without_o interruption_n though_o he_o can_v not_o defend_v by_o his_o right_n there_o be_v a_o three_o benefit_n by_o possession_n of_o benefice_n and_o stipend_n by_o seven_o year_n peaceable_a possession_n whereby_o they_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n and_o can_v be_v call_v in_o question_n but_o by_o reduction_n or_o declarator_n and_o
it_o be_v sufficient_a with_o possession_n until_o the_o solemnity_n of_o instrument_n of_o seasine_n be_v introduce_v and_o be_v still_o sufficient_a when_o seasine_n be_v right_o adhibit_v for_o we_o follow_v not_o that_o subtlety_n of_o annul_v deed_n because_o they_o be_v sine_fw-la causa_fw-la but_o do_v esteem_v they_o as_o gratuitous_a donation_n and_o therefore_o narrative_n express_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o disposition_n be_v never_o inquire_v in_o because_o though_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n the_o disposition_n be_v good_a and_o albeit_o neither_o tenendas_fw-la reddendo_fw-la or_o the_o modus_fw-la acquirendi_fw-la be_v express_v yet_o if_o the_o property_n be_v the_o disponer_n and_o he_o do_v but_o express_v the_o disposition_n to_o be_v in_o fee_fw-mi and_o heretage_n it_o be_v valid_a for_o the_o reddendo_fw-la be_v understand_v to_o be_v service_n accustom_v in_o ward-holdings_a and_o there_o will_v be_v carry_v though_o not_o express_v all_o the_o part_n and_o pertinent_o of_o the_o fee_n and_o therefore_o any_o disposition_n de_fw-fr presenti_fw-la in_o fee_n be_v valid_a as_o to_o that_o part_n of_o the_o infeftment_n although_o the_o disposition_n contain_v a_o obligement_n to_o grant_v charter_n yet_o the_o not_o grant_v there_o of_o do_v not_o prejudge_v and_o if_o charter_n be_v grant_v relative_a to_o prior_n obliegement_n yet_o the_o charter_n be_v good_a without_o necessity_n to_o prove_v these_o nor_o will_v it_o be_v sustain_v for_o the_o superior_a or_o any_o competitor_n that_o if_o the_o prior_n obligation_n disposition_n or_o contract_n be_v produce_v it_o will_v be_v find_v conditional_a or_o have_v clause_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o superior_a or_o that_o competitor_n whether_o general_o or_o particular_o allege_v but_o if_o these_o be_v lose_v the_o charter_n be_v sufficient_a and_o no_o more_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v in_o the_o real_a right_n than_o what_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o charter_n yea_o though_o the_o charter_n bear_v according_a to_o the_o provision_n and_o condition_n contain_v in_o such_o a_o contract_n disposition_n or_o bond_n which_o may_v import_v that_o the_o superior_a by_o grant_v the_o charter_n without_o these_o have_v not_o pass_v from_o they_o and_o therefore_o he_o may_v insist_v upon_o they_o as_o personal_a obliegement_n and_o the_o vassal_n will_v be_v oblige_v to_o produce_v the_o same_o ad_fw-la modum_fw-la probationis_fw-la by_o exhibition_n as_o a_o incident_a diligence_n whereupon_o he_o must_v depone_n whether_o he_o have_v they_o or_o have_v they_o since_o the_o citation_n or_o do_v at_o any_o time_n fraudful_o put_v they_o away_o but_o if_o without_o fraud_n they_o be_v lose_v the_o charter_n be_v sufficient_a and_o in_o no_o case_n do_v require_v the_o production_n of_o any_o former_a ground_n precept_n of_o clare_v constat_fw-la be_v also_o sufficient_a see_v they_o contain_v a_o precept_n to_o infeft_a such_o a_o person_n as_o vassal_n which_o imply_v the_o dispositive_a will_v of_o the_o superior_a and_o therefore_o be_v valid_a in_o place_n of_o a_o charter_n from_o its_o date_n albeit_o it_o 〈◊〉_d no_o effect_n against_o singular_a successor_n as_o to_o that_o vassal_n predecessor_n right_n which_o must_v be_v instruct_v by_o the_o right_n themselves_o and_o not_o by_o the_o superior_n acknowledgement_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n other_o precept_n of_o seasine_n not_o relate_v to_o particular_a charter_n or_o seasine_n but_o either_o simple_a or_o bear_v secundam_fw-la cartam_fw-la 〈◊〉_d be_v sufficient_a although_o these_o charter_n be_v never_o grant_v but_o there_o will_v be_v only_o understand_v a_o proper_a ward-holding_a gratuitous_a without_o 〈◊〉_d extend_v only_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o vassal_n body_n but_o not_o reach_v to_o 〈◊〉_d or_o ascendant_n unless_o the_o precept_n express_v or_o insinuat_fw-la a_o onerous_a title_n 〈◊〉_d vendition_n excambion_n etc._n etc._n but_o since_o write_v become_v to_o be_v a_o essential_a solemnity_n of_o fee_n the_o superior_n 〈◊〉_d dispositive_a act_n must_v be_v in_o write_v but_o his_o preterite_n declaratory_a act_n acknowledge_v such_o a_o person_n and_o his_o predecessor_n to_o be_v vassal_n and_o have_v the_o fee_n 〈◊〉_d his_o obligement_n to_o grant_v the_o fee_n though_o never_o so_o express_v which_o relate_v but_o to_o a_o disposition_n de_fw-fr futuro_fw-la will_v not_o supply_v a_o charter_n though_o clede_n with_o 〈◊〉_d possession_n or_o have_v seasine_n by_o instrument_n bear_v to_o be_v propriis_fw-la 〈◊〉_d though_o by_o these_o the_o superior_a may_v be_v compel_v to_o grant_v charter_n 〈◊〉_d and_o complete_a bear_v express_o all_o the_o ordinar_n clause_n in_o such_o right_n yet_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d case_n adminiculation_n of_o a_o seasine_a will_v suffice_v as_o in_o the_o liferent_n of_o 〈◊〉_d be_v proportional_a or_o in_o very_o ancient_a right_n or_o where_o in_o competition_n no_o better_o right_o be_v show_v much_o less_o be_v it_o necessary_a to_o have_v formal_a and_o ample_a charter_n in_o the_o best_a style_n upon_o parchment_n in_o latin_a seal_v and_o subscribe_v albeit_o vassal_n be_v oblige_v to_o accept_v no_o other_o and_o the_o nottar_n drawer_n of_o such_o charter_n may_v be_v depose_v and_o censure_v yet_o the_o right_n will_v not_o be_v annul_v or_o postpone_v to_o posterior_n more_o formal_a and_o solemn_a right_n for_o want_v of_o these_o formality_n 15._o the_o formal_a tenor_n of_o charter_n be_v different_a according_a to_o the_o several_a kind_n on_o infeftment_n whereof_o some_o be_v original_a infeftment_n by_o which_o the_o fee_n be_v first_o constitute_v and_o therefore_o be_v most_o plain_a and_o simple_a contain_v the_o dispositive_a clauss_n relate_v or_o insinuate_v the_o title_n or_o original_n of_o the_o right_n if_o it_o be_v a_o original_a charter_n from_o the_o king_n it_o begin_v with_o his_o royal_a title_n carolus_n dei_fw-la gratia_n etc._n etc._n and_o bear_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o thesaurer_n and_o commissioner_n for_o the_o thesaury_n and_o bear_v a_o narrative_a of_o the_o motive_n induce_v the_o king_n to_o grant_v the_o same_o and_o if_o it_o be_v ward_n or_o blench_v in_o burgage_n or_o mortification_n it_o bear_v damus_fw-la concedimus_fw-la &_o in_fw-la perpetuum_fw-la confirmamus_fw-la but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o feu_fw-fr charter_n it_o bear_v arendamus_fw-la locamus_fw-la in_o emfeuteosin_n dimittimus_fw-la &_o in_fw-la perpetuum_fw-la confirmamus_fw-la and_o then_o follow_v the_o clause_n tenendas_fw-la and_o the_o clause_n reddendo_fw-la which_o if_o it_o be_v ward_n bear_v servitia_fw-la debita_fw-la if_o blench_v the_o particular_a blench_v duty_n nomine_fw-la albae_n firmae_fw-la if_o feu_n the_o particular_a feu_fw-fr duty_n and_o sometime_o the_o duplication_n thereof_o and_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o heir_n if_o burgage_n it_o bear_v servitia_fw-la burgalia_fw-la if_o in_o mortification_n it_o bear_v preces_fw-la &_o supplicationes_fw-la and_o ordinary_o warrandice_n which_o though_o very_o ample_a have_v no_o effect_n for_o if_o the_o right_n prove_v invalid_a there_o be_v no_o action_n against_o the_o king_n who_o do_v always_o dispone_n plenissimo_fw-la jure_fw-la but_o periculo_fw-la petentis_fw-la especial_o when_o he_o dispones_fw-la as_o supreme_a superior_a by_o the_o right_n of_o his_o crown_n but_o if_o he_o dispone_v for_o a_o price_n or_o cause_n onerous_a as_o for_o sum_n of_o money_n or_o by_o excambion_n land_n acquire_v by_o he_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n or_o annex_v property_n in_o these_o utitur_fw-la jure_fw-la privato_fw-la and_o his_o warrandice_n may_v have_v effect_n as_o to_o his_o private_a patrimony_n and_o not_o as_o to_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o crown_n charter_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n of_o fee_n by_o progress_n be_v either_o upon_o resignation_n or_o by_o confirmation_n or_o upon_o apprize_v or_o adjudication_n which_o differ_v from_o original_a charter_n in_o their_o several_a specialty_n as_o chartersupon_o resignation_n after_o the_o dispositive_a clause_n bear_v the_o conveyance_n that_o the_o land_n or_o other_o be_v resign_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o majesty_n or_o his_o commissioner_n by_o a_o procuratory_n of_o resignation_n apart_o or_o in_o a_o disposition_n or_o contract_n express_v its_o date_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o acquirer_n his_o heir_n or_o assigney_n whereupon_o resignation_n be_v make_v in_o the_o resigner_n life_n the_o charter_n will_v be_v grant_v to_o he_o or_o to_o his_o heir_n serve_v general_o or_o to_o his_o assigney_n have_v right_o by_o assignation_n to_o the_o procuratory_n of_o resignation_n charter_n of_o confirmation_n do_v deduce_v the_o right_a to_o be_v confirm_v which_o if_o it_o be_v a_o charter_n a_o se_fw-la bearing_z to_o be_v hold_v from_o the_o disponer_n of_o the_o king_n and_o express_v the_o tenendas_fw-la &_o reddendo_fw-la the_o king_n charter_n do_v in_o the_o like_a style_n general_o relate_v the_o charter_n to_o be_v confirm_v and_o then_o ratify_v confirm_v and_o approve_v the_o same_o in_o all_o the_o head_n and_o article_n therein_o and_o
the_o precept_n and_o expon_v it_o if_o it_o be_v in_o latin_a and_o then_o the_o word_n of_o the_o precept_n shall_v be_v ingross_v seven_o it_o bear_v the_o superior_a or_o the_o bailzy_n deliver_v of_o earth_n and_o stone_n of_o the_o land_n to_o the_o vassal_n or_o to_o his_o aucturney_n bearer_n of_o the_o precept_n or_o delivery_n of_o any_o other_o accustom_a symbol_n as_o a_o penny_n for_o a_o annualrent_a a_o net_n for_o fish_v a_o clap_n for_o a_o miln_n eight_o it_o bear_v the_o aucturneys_n require_v instrument_n nine_o it_o must_v bear_v that_o these_o thing_n be_v do_v upon_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n or_o other_o hereditament_n and_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n before_o two_o witness_n at_o the_o least_o require_v thereto_o and_o last_o the_o attest_v of_o the_o nottar_n bear_v the_o authority_n of_o his_o creation_n and_o that_o he_o be_v present_a with_o the_o witness_n &_o vidi_fw-la scivi_fw-la &_o audivi_fw-la that_o the_o thing_n contain_v in_o the_o instrument_n be_v so_o do_v as_o be_v express_v therein_o and_o that_o he_o take_v a_o note_n thereof_o and_o thereupon_o draw_v a_o formal_a instrument_n and_o insert_v the_o same_o in_o his_o protocol_n whereunto_o be_v adjoin_v his_o sign_n his_o motto_n contain_v in_o his_o commission_n relate_v to_o his_o faithfulness_n and_o trust_n and_o his_o name_n or_o the_o initial_a letter_n thereof_o 18._o if_o any_o of_o these_o be_v omit_v the_o nottar_n may_v be_v exauctorat_fw-la and_o punish_v by_o the_o lord_n but_o the_o essential_o be_v much_o sewer_n yet_o the_o seasine_a must_v contain_v the_o delivery_n of_o symbolical_a possession_n by_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o bailzie_n to_o the_o vassal_n or_o his_o acturney_n upon_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n or_o other_o tenement_n in_o presence_n of_o the_o nottar_n and_o witness_n with_o the_o date_n and_o subscription_n of_o the_o nottar_n but_o the_o delivery_n of_o the_o symbol_n of_o a_o office_n have_v no_o particular_a place_n or_o ground_n be_v sufficient_a any_o where_o as_o a_o batton_n for_o a_o military_a office_n or_o a_o scrol_n book_n or_o cape_n for_o a_o civil_a office_n but_o where_o the_o fee_n have_v a_o particular_a ground_n or_o place_n there_o it_o must_v be_v take_v upon_o the_o ground_n and_o it_o will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a to_o be_v in_o view_n of_o the_o ground_n yet_o law_n or_o custom_n may_v otherways_o order_v in_o case_n of_o necessity_n as_o the_o infeftment_n of_o land_n in_o nova_n scotia_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v take_v at_o the_o castle-hill_n of_o edinburgh_n and_o when_o land_n be_v right_o unite_v or_o erect_v in_o barronries_n seasine_n take_v upon_o any_o part_n thereof_o suffice_v for_o the_o whole_a and_o without_o union_n seasine_n take_v upon_o any_o part_n of_o the_o land_n will_v serve_v for_o all_o the_o land_n in_o the_o infeftment_n lie_v contigue_fw-la craig_n relate_v that_o a_o seasine_a be_v find_v null_a and_o false_a where_o it_o bear_v these_o thing_n be_v do_v upon_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n albeit_o the_o party_n have_v put_v of_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n on_o which_o they_o stand_v within_o their_o shoe_n but_o be_v not_o upon_o the_o fix_a ground_n thereof_o the_o instrument_n of_o seasine_n must_v be_v take_v by_o a_o public_a nottar_n lawful_o authorize_v at_o the_o least_o so_o hold_v and_o repute_v for_o though_o the_o nottar_n be_v deprive_v it_o will_v not_o vitiat_fw-la his_o instrument_n take_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la by_o person_n who_o know_v not_o his_o deprivation_n till_o it_o be_v common_o know_v or_o letter_n of_o publication_n intimate_fw-la at_o the_o mercat_n cross._n a_o seasine_a be_v also_o find_v null_n because_o it_o want_v these_o word_n vidi_fw-la scivi_fw-la &_o audivi_fw-la hope_n seasine_n primrose_n contra_fw-la in_o ancient_a right_n or_o where_o there_o be_v not_o a_o more_o solemn_a infeftment_n seasine_n have_v be_v sustain_v though_o with_o considerable_a defect_n as_o where_o the_o seasine_n bear_v not_o delivery_n of_o earth_n and_o stone_n but_o only_o actual_a and_o real_a seasine_n june_n 17._o 1630._o earl_n of_o wigtoun_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o cassils_n but_o not_o where_o the_o seasine_a want_v delivery_n of_o earth_n and_o stone_n and_o the_o name_n of_o the_o aucturney_n hope_n seasine_n laird_n of_o lie_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o callender_n a_o seasine_n be_v sustain_v though_o it_o do_v not_o repeat_v the_o precept_n and_o do_v not_o bear_v delivery_n of_o earth_n and_o stone_n but_o only_o of_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n yet_o be_v prefer_v to_o a_o posterior_n formal_a seasine_n take_v after_o the_o matter_n be_v litigious_a october_n 23._o 1680._o lady_n lambertoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o polwart_n and_o a_o seasine_a be_v the_o title_n in_o a_o reduction_n be_v sustain_v to_o infer_v certification_n though_o it_o bear_v not_o delivery_n of_o earth_n and_o stone_n nor_o instrument_n take_v nor_o the_o hour_n nor_o be_v conform_v to_o the_o warrant_n but_o bear_v only_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n in_o such_o case_n but_o the_o defender_n thereafter_o have_v make_v a_o production_n of_o his_o right_n certification_n be_v not_o grant_v contra_fw-la non_fw-la producta_fw-la march_v 20._o 1632._o laird_n of_o lie_n and_o stuart_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o lunderdail_n and_o seasine_n of_o land_n and_o a_o miln_n be_v sustain_v bear_v delivery_n of_o earth_n and_o stone_n of_o the_o land_n and_o milne_n with_o all_o solemnity_n requisite_a march_v 15._o 1631._o laird_n of_o swintoun_n contra_fw-la vassal_n of_o dumfermling_n 19_o seasines_n be_v but_o the_o assertion_n of_o a_o nottar_n do_v not_o prove_v or_o instruct_v a_o real_a right_n unless_o they_o be_v astruct_v by_o a_o warrant_n or_o adminicle_n in_o write_v except_o that_o it_o be_v against_o tenant_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o their_o master_n who_o be_v know_v to_o be_v in_o possession_n or_o that_o prescription_n have_v run_v by_o one_o or_o more_o subsequent_a seasines_n and_o 40_o year_n peaceable_a possession_n and_o albeit_o the_o most_o ordinar_n warrant_n of_o seasine_n be_v the_o superior_n precept_n ingross_v or_o relate_v to_o in_o the_o seasine_a yet_o after_o 40_o year_n possession_n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n to_o produce_v precept_n of_o seasine_n procuratory_n or_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n even_o in_o the_o case_n of_o reduction_n of_o infeftment_n for_o want_n of_o these_o parliament_z 1495_o cap._n 214._o in_o which_o there_o be_v not_o require_v peaceable_a possession_n neither_o yet_o continue_a possession_n as_o be_v require_v in_o the_o act_n of_o prescription_n so_o that_o interruption_n as_o to_o this_o point_n will_v not_o alter_v the_o case_n but_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n to_o produce_v any_o more_o for_o instruct_v a_o infeftment_n but_o the_o seasine_a and_o a_o warrant_v thereof_o such_o as_o a_o precept_n of_o clare_n constat_fw-la a_o precept_n out_o of_o the_o chanclery_n a_o disposition_n or_o contract_n of_o alienation_n according_a as_o the_o seasine_a do_v relate_v to_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o as_o if_o the_o seasine_a bear_n to_o proceed_v upon_o a_o precept_n contain_v in_o a_o charter_n ter_z disposition_n or_o contract_n of_o alienation_n these_o must_v be_v produce_v specifice_n as_o they_o be_v relate_v not_o only_o passive_a to_o defend_v in_o reduction_n but_o active_a as_o title_n of_o reduction_n declarator_n and_o all_o other_o process_n except_o against_o tenant_n or_o naked_a possessor_n or_o where_o prescription_n have_v run_v because_o the_o charwhen_n it_o be_v relate_v to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o investiture_n make_v up_o the_o real_a right_n and_o therefore_o as_o have_v be_v now_o show_v §_o 14._o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n to_o produce_v a_o disposition_n contract_n of_o alienation_n or_o bond_n though_o the_o charter_n relate_v thereto_o but_o if_o the_o seasinebear_v to_o proceed_v upon_o a_o precept_n contain_v in_o a_o disposition_n contract_n of_o alienation_n or_o bond_n than_o these_o be_v part_n of_o the_o infeftment_n and_o make_v up_o the_o real_a right_n and_o so_o must_v be_v produce_v that_o the_o defender_n may_v except_v or_o defend_v upon_o any_o clause_n therein_o contain_v in_o favour_n of_o himself_o his_o predecessor_n or_o author_n unless_o the_o infeftment_n be_v ancient_a and_o clede_v with_o long_a possession_n in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v like_o the_o lord_n will_v extend_v the_o foresay_a statute_n and_o will_v sustain_v a_o disposition_n contract_n or_o bond_n as_o a_o sufficient_a adminicle_n of_o the_o seasine_a though_o it_o relate_v not_o thereto_o and_o albeit_o this_o statute_n mention_n only_o that_o charter_n and_o seasine_n shall_v be_v sufficient_a under_o which_o a_o disposition_n or_o contract_n of_o alienation_n must_v be_v comprehend_v when_o the_o seasine_a be_v immediate_o take_v thereupon_o and_o not_o upon_o a_o formal_a charter_n for_o than_o they_o
though_o not_o find_v in_o the_o register_n be_v find_v sufficient_a against_o singular_a successor_n purchase_v thereafter_o the_o design_n and_o tenor_n of_o this_o statute_n will_v be_v elude_v for_o the_o statute_n bear_v if_o they_o be_v not_o registrat_n which_o must_v import_v there_o be_v insert_v in_o the_o register_n they_o be_v null_a and_o therefore_o though_o the_o keeper_n of_o the_o register_n have_v attest_v such_o seasines_n to_o be_v registrate_n yet_o true_o they_o be_v not_o registrat_n and_o no_o purchaser_n can_v be_v secure_a by_o inspection_n of_o register_n if_o a_o false_a attest_v of_o a_o clerk_n can_v exclude_v he_o who_o ofttimes_o be_v insolvent_a but_o the_o not_o insert_v of_o seasine_n within_o burgh_n in_o the_o town_n book_n do_v not_o annual_a they_o seasin_n within_o burgh_n be_v a_o total_a exception_n from_o the_o whole_a act_n for_o registration_n and_o the_o statute_n be_v defective_a in_o that_o point_n the_o lord_n do_v very_o fit_o supply_v it_o by_o these_o two_o remeid_n that_o the_o seasin_n within_o burgh_n not_o be_v in_o the_o town_n book_n shall_v not_o be_v find_v null_n yet_o they_o may_v be_v reduce_v as_o latent_fw-la and_o fraudulent_a and_o if_o the_o town_n clerk_n be_v put_v to_o find_v caution_n for_o the_o damage_n real_a right_n within_o burgh_n will_v be_v full_o as_o secure_v as_o these_o without_o burgh_n 23._o seasine_n as_o all_o other_o instrument_n must_v have_v the_o attest_v and_o subscription_n of_o the_o nottar_n giver_n thereof_o bear_v the_o name_n and_o designation_n of_o the_o witness_n insert_v whereof_o two_o will_v be_v sufficient_a because_o the_o seasine_a must_v have_v a_o warrant_n by_o a_o subscribe_v write_v by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o infeftment_n and_o so_o need_v not_o two_o nottar_n and_o consequent_o require_v not_o four_o witness_n as_o other_o principal_n write_v of_o importance_n subscribe_v by_o nottar_n july_n 5._o 1680._o bishop_n of_o aberdene_n contra_fw-la viscount_n of_o kenmure_n neither_o be_v a_o seasine_a find_v void_a because_o take_v in_o the_o night_n nothing_o of_o latency_n or_o fraud_n be_v qualify_v but_o possession_n conform_v margaret_n arnot_n and_o patton_n her_o spouse_n contra_fw-la mr._n archibald_n turner_n 24._o if_o a_o seasine_a be_v only_o extract_v out_o of_o the_o register_n of_o seasines_n it_o will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a because_o that_o register_n be_v only_o for_o publication_n as_o also_o the_o register_n of_o horning_n and_o inhibition_n and_o not_o for_o conservation_n for_o the_o keeper_n of_o the_o register_n do_v not_o keep_v the_o principal_a seasine_n but_o give_v they_o back_o mark_v but_o if_o the_o principal_a seasine_a mark_v as_o registrat_n be_v want_v if_o the_o nottar_n who_o give_v it_o be_v alive_a he_o may_v renew_v it_o out_o of_o his_o protocol_n and_o the_o keeper_n of_o the_o register_n of_o seasines_n may_v attest_v it_o registrat_n upon_o the_o day_n mention_v in_o the_o register_n and_o therefore_o the_o lord_n upon_o supplication_n ordain_v the_o keeper_n of_o a_o register_n so_o to_o mark_v a_o seasine_n january_n 2._o 1678._o sir_n andrew_n ramsay_n supplicant_n 25._o but_o if_o the_o nottar_n who_o give_v the_o seasine_n be_v dead_a there_o remain_v yet_o this_o remeid_v that_o a_o transumpt_n may_v be_v make_v upon_o production_n of_o the_o protocol_n and_o citation_n of_o the_o author_n or_o his_o heir_n or_o any_o other_o party_n have_v interest_n which_o transumpt_n be_v sufficient_a in_o place_n of_o the_o principal_n seize_v and_o may_v bear_v both_o the_o transumpt_n of_o the_o protocol_n and_o of_o that_o part_n of_o the_o register_n where_o the_o seasine_n be_v registrate_n but_o the_o instrument_n of_o a_o clerk_n contain_v the_o tenor_n of_o a_o seasine_n will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a without_o citation_n of_o the_o party_n if_o both_o the_o principal_a seasine_n and_o the_o protocol_n be_v want_v the_o tenor_n of_o the_o seasine_n may_v be_v prove_v upon_o citation_n of_o the_o same_o party_n as_o in_o a_o transumpt_n if_o there_o be_v sufficient_a adminicle_n in_o write_n and_o witness_n who_o see_v the_o seasine_n wherein_o the_o extract_v of_o the_o seasine_n out_o of_o the_o register_n be_v a_o good_a adminicle_n seasine_n take_v out_o of_o the_o town_n book_n not_o by_o the_o town_n clerk_n who_o give_v the_o seasine_n but_o by_o his_o successor_n will_v not_o serve_v for_o a_o principal_a seasine_n the_o town_n book_n be_v but_o the_o protocal_a of_o the_o town_n clerk_n and_o therefore_o either_o must_v the_o town_n book_n be_v produce_v that_o the_o seasine_n may_v be_v transume_v or_o commission_n grant_v for_o inspection_n or_o collation_n which_o be_v return_v be_v find_v to_o suffice_v as_o a_o transumpt_n february_n 11._o 1681._o francis_n irving_n contra_fw-la corsan_fw-la 26._o infeftment_n do_v sometime_o express_v the_o meithe_n or_o march_n of_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n which_o thence_o be_v call_v a_o bound_a infeftment_n give_v right_o to_o all_o within_o the_o bound_n if_o the_o giver_n of_o the_o charter_n have_v right_a or_o if_o the_o vassal_n have_v by_o that_o infeftment_n have_v peaceable_a possession_n till_o prescription_n otherways_o bound_v charter_n prejudge_v not_o par._n 1592._o cap._n 136._o yet_o prescription_n will_v adject_v that_o which_o be_v within_o the_o bound_a to_o another_o tenement_n which_o will_v not_o be_v elide_v by_o possess_v the_o major_a part_n of_o that_o tenement_n but_o no_o prescription_n can_v give_v right_a to_o what_o be_v without_o the_o bound_a as_o part_v and_o pertinent_a novemb_n 14._o 1671._o walter_z young_z contra_fw-la bailzie_n carmichael_n but_o where_o there_o be_v no_o bound_v possession_n clear_v the_o part_n and_o pertinent_o of_o every_o tenement_n and_o in_o competition_n where_o any_o ground_n be_v claim_v as_o part_v and_o pertinent_a of_o several_a tenement_n witness_n be_v allow_v to_o either_o party_n for_o prove_v the_o possession_n and_o interruption_n unless_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o that_o ground_n be_v separ_fw-la 〈◊〉_d tenementum_fw-la have_v a_o distinct_a infeftment_n of_o itself_o which_o will_v exclude_v the_o alledgeance_n of_o part_n and_o pertinent_a if_o the_o several_a infeftment_n be_v not_o exclude_v by_o prescription_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o say_a case_n young_z contra_fw-la carmichael_n but_o though_o the_o one_o infeftment_n contain_v the_o ground_n in_o question_n per_fw-la expressum_fw-la in_o the_o enumeration_n of_o the_o part_n of_o a_o barronry_n or_o tenement_n and_o though_o the_o other_o infeftment_n contain_v no_o enumeration_n or_o in_o the_o enumeration_n mention_v not_o the_o ground_n in_o question_n but_o the_o same_o be_v allege_v to_o be_v part_n and_o pertinent_a comprehend_v under_o the_o common_a designation_n or_o under_o some_o of_o the_o part_n enumerat_a if_o both_o flow_n from_o one_o common_a author_n as_o original_a right_n the_o first_o be_v preferable_a otherways_o both_o will_v be_v allow_v witness_n for_o prove_v possession_n and_o interruption_n &_o in_o paricasu_fw-la aut_fw-la dubio_fw-la the_o express_a infeftment_n will_v be_v preferable_a 27._o but_o the_o main_a question_n be_v here_o concern_v infeftment_n hold_v of_o subject_n not_o be_v pass_v upon_o the_o granter_n resignation_n by_o the_o superior_a or_o the_o superior_n confirmation_n or_o by_o his_o obedience_n upon_o decreet_n of_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n which_o therefore_o be_v call_v base_a infeftment_n and_o private_a infeftment_n because_o they_o proceed_v in_o a_o more_o private_a and_o ignoble_a way_n be_v do_v by_o the_o grant_a and_o receiver_n thereof_o without_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o superior_a the_o doubt_n be_v whether_o such_o be_v complete_a real_a right_n carry_v the_o property_n of_o the_o ground_n by_o the_o charter_n and_o seasine_n only_o or_o not_o until_o possession_n of_o the_o hereditament_n be_v obtain_v the_o ground_n of_o this_o distinction_n betwixt_o infeftment_n and_o of_o the_o doubt_n as_o to_o base_a infeftment_n be_v from_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1540_o cap._n 105._o whereby_o it_o be_v clear_a first_o before_o that_o act_n infeftment_n hold_v of_o the_o disponer_n without_o resignation_n or_o confirmation_n be_v valid_a without_o possession_n and_o preferable_a to_o all_o posterior_n infeftment_n though_o proceed_v upon_o resignation_n or_o by_o confirmation_n for_o it_o be_v for_o remeid_v of_o this_o that_o this_o statute_n be_v enact_v second_o by_o the_o letter_n of_o this_o statute_n posterior_n infeftment_n upon_o resignation_n or_o by_o confirmation_n be_v only_o prefer_v to_o prior_n private_a infeftment_n when_o the_o obtainer_n of_o the_o posterior_n infeftment_n brook_v the_o land_n peaceable_o by_o labour_v manure_a and_o uptake_v of_o the_o mail_n profit_n and_o duty_n and_o so_o be_v know_v heritable_a possessor_n thereof_o year_n and_o day_n and_o when_o such_o infeftment_n be_v for_o cause_n onerous_a or_o do_v contain_v or_o import_v warrandice_n neither_o be_v there_o
possession_n as_o a_o base_a infeftment_n by_o father_n to_o their_o child_n be_v not_o sustain_v by_o the_o father_n possession_n who_o liferent_a be_v reserve_v therein_o june_n 26._o 1634._o dury_n contra_fw-la bruce_n but_o a_o posterior_n base_a infeftment_n to_o the_o wife_n be_v prefer_v in_o this_o case_n as_o be_v clad_v with_o the_o husband_n possession_n though_o common_a author_n to_o both_o the_o son_n and_o wife_n the_o like_a of_o a_o base_a infeftment_n grant_v by_o a_o goodsire_n to_o his_o oy_fw-it reserve_v the_o goodsires_n liferent_a july_n 3._o 1624._o earl_n of_o annandale_n contra_fw-la johnstoun_n and_o a_o infeftment_n by_o a_o father_n to_o his_o son_n be_v not_o find_v clad_v with_o possession_n by_o the_o father_n possession_n though_o he_o have_v a_o factory_a from_o the_o son_n but_o it_o be_v not_o allege_v that_o the_o father_n have_v grant_v discharge_v express_o relate_v to_o the_o factory_a july_n 10._o 1669._o gardner_n contra_fw-la colvil_n yet_o in_o the_o competition_n of_o two_o base_a infeftment_n the_o former_a be_v grant_v to_o a_o stranger_n for_o relief_n of_o caution_n and_o the_o latter_a grant_v to_o a_o son_n and_o appearand_a heir_n for_o relief_n of_o his_o caution_n exceed_v the_o value_n of_o the_o land_n the_o son_n base_a infeftment_n though_o posterior_n have_v first_o attain_v possession_n and_o be_v without_o all_o suspicion_n of_o simulation_n be_v prefer_v and_o it_o be_v not_o find_v that_o infeftment_n for_o relief_n be_v in_o the_o same_o case_n with_o warrandice_n land_n where_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o principal_a land_n be_v fictione_n juris_fw-la a_o possession_n of_o the_o warrandice_n land_n these_o infeftment_n be_v less_o subject_a to_o fraud_n or_o uncertainty_n than_o infeftment_n for_o relief_n which_o relate_v to_o personal_a debt_n and_o ofttimes_o general_o to_o all_o debt_n or_o cautionry_n contract_v or_o to_o be_v contract_v which_o debt_n may_v be_v retire_v and_o keep_v up_o and_o make_v use_v of_o by_o the_o infeftment_n for_o relief_n june_n 26._o 1677._o mr._n john_n inglis_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o eastbarns_n infeftment_n base_a to_o wife_n not_o be_v upon_o their_o contract_n of_o marriage_n or_o in_o place_n thereof_o be_v not_o hold_v as_o clad_v with_o possession_n by_o the_o husband_n possession_n 28._o infeftment_n by_o confirmation_n do_v not_o only_o require_v a_o charter_n from_o the_o disponer_n bear_v the_o land_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o superior_a and_o seasine_n thereupon_o but_o require_v also_o the_o superior_n confirmation_n till_o which_o it_o be_v no_o real_a right_n but_o null_n but_o whensoever_o the_o confirmation_n be_v add_v the_o right_o become_v valid_a from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o infeftment_n confirm_v as_o to_o the_o right_n of_o property_n and_o as_o to_o the_o superior_n casualty_n and_o therefore_o a_o infeftment_n ase_a not_o confirm_v be_v find_v null_a by_o exception_n though_o clad_v with_o some_o year_n possession_n december_n 4._o 1623._o patton_n contra_fw-la stuart_n and_o find_v null_n though_o the_o confirmation_n be_v past_o the_o privy_a seal_n hope_v confirmation_n hunter_n contra_fw-la dalgleish_n and_o also_o find_v null_a in_o a_o annualrent_n hold_v from_o the_o disponer_n not_o confirm_v hope_n confirmation_n lord_n balmerino_n contra_fw-la coatfield_n but_o if_o there_o be_v any_o mid_a impediment_n betwixt_o the_o charter_n confirm_v and_o the_o confirmation_n it_o exclude_v the_o confirmation_n and_o whole_a right_n as_o a_o apprize_a and_o infeftment_n but_o confirmation_n of_o a_o right_n not_o bear_v to_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o superior_a but_o of_o the_o vastal_n make_v it_o not_o a_o public_a infeftment_n nor_o take_v it_o away_o the_o superior_n ordinary_a casualty_n as_o ward_n but_o only_a recognition_n and_o forefaulture_n hope_n confirmation_n lady_n cathcart_n contra_fw-la vassal_n of_o cathcart_n november_n 17._o 1627._o laird_n of_o clackmannan_n contra_fw-la balnamoon_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o because_o confirmation_n constitute_v right_n hold_v of_o the_o superior_a that_o the_o first_o confirmation_n make_v the_o first_o right_o though_o it_o confirm_v a_o posterior_n infeftment_n from_o the_o vassal_n as_o be_v clear_o determine_v in_o the_o case_n of_o double_a confirmation_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n par._n 1578._o cap._n 66._o which_o be_v not_o introduce_v but_o declare_v by_o that_o act_n and_o hold_v alike_o in_o other_o confirmation_n it_o do_v of_o time_n fall_v to_o be_v doubtful_a whether_o a_o confirmation_n make_v a_o infeftment_n public_a or_o not_o when_o seasine_n be_v take_v upon_o a_o precept_n of_o seasine_n in_o a_o disposition_n which_o disposition_n contain_v obliegment_n for_o infeftment_n de_fw-fr se_fw-la &_o ase_a by_o confirmation_n but_o the_o precept_n of_o seasine_n relate_v not_o special_o to_o either_o obligement_n and_o seasine_n be_v take_v thereupon_o and_o be_v afterward_o confirm_v the_o question_n come_v whether_o this_o be_v only_o a_o confirmation_n of_o a_o base_a infeftment_n to_o exclude_v forefaulture_n or_o recognition_n or_o if_o it_o do_v make_v the_o infeftment_n public_a it_o be_v general_o construct_v as_o a_o public_a infeftment_n as_o be_v find_v july_n 5._o 1680._o bishop_n of_o aberdeen_n contra_fw-la viscount_n of_o kenmure_n 29._o infeftment_n upon_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n when_o formal_o perfect_v do_v require_v charter_n to_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o superior_n of_o the_o apprise_v land_n or_o other_o real_a right_n the_o tenor_n whereof_o be_v already_o set_v down_o in_o this_o title_n and_o precept_n and_o seasine_n thereupon_o which_o have_v little_a peculiar_a differ_v from_o other_o infeftment_n as_o to_o their_o tenor_n and_o effect_n but_o that_o their_o reddendo_fw-la be_v ordinary_o general_a when_o the_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n can_v prove_v or_o instruct_v the_o tenor_n of_o his_o author_n right_o and_o therefore_o do_v bear_v such_o duty_n and_o service_n as_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o author_n right_n which_o the_o superior_a may_v be_v charge_v to_o renew_v and_o make_v special_a so_o soon_o as_o the_o author_n right_n be_v produce_v and_o if_o they_o be_v not_o so_o renew_v they_o be_v understand_v as_o ward-holdings_a but_o for_o renovation_n thereof_o the_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n will_v get_v letter_n of_o horning_n summary_o upon_o the_o allowance_n of_o the_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n which_o will_v not_o be_v exclude_v although_o the_o superior_a have_v already_o grant_v infeftment_n in_o general_a term_n as_o aforesaid_a but_o he_o must_v renew_v the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o special_a tenor_n of_o the_o author_n right_o produce_v and_o that_o without_o any_o new_a composition_n yea_o the_o appryzers_n heir_n upon_o supplication_n will_v obtain_v letter_n of_o horning_n summary_o for_o renew_v the_o same_o and_o so_o will_v his_o singular_a successor_n but_o they_o must_v pay_v a_o year_n rend_v for_o their_o entry_n whether_o their_o title_n be_v apprize_a or_o adjudication_n against_o the_o former_a appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n in_o which_o case_n he_o may_v make_v use_n of_o letter_n of_o horning_n upon_o the_o allowance_n of_o his_o own_o apprize_a and_o though_o his_o title_n be_v a_o voluntary_a disposition_n he_o will_v get_v letter_n of_o horning_n as_o succeed_v in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o former_a appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n to_o renew_v and_o make_v special_a the_o former_a infeftment_n to_o his_o author_n upon_o payment_n of_o a_o year_n duty_n but_o apprize_a and_o adjudication_n be_v legal_a disposition_n and_o conveyance_n of_o the_o author_n infeftment_n we_o shall_v say_v no_o further_o of_o they_o in_o this_o place_n but_o leave_v they_o to_o the_o title_n twenty_o four_o where_o they_o be_v consider_v among_o disposition_n we_o shall_v only_o add_v here_o that_o before_o the_o year_n 1624._o appryzing_n be_v left_a at_o the_o great_a seal_n by_o warrant_n from_o the_o lord_n whence_o precept_n be_v issue_v thereupon_o against_o the_o superior_n to_o infeft_n which_o if_o they_o obey_v not_o charter_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n to_o supply_v their_o vice_n but_o since_o they_o be_v retain_v by_o the_o appryzer_n and_o he_o may_v have_v letter_n of_o horning_n summary_o charge_v the_o superior_n to_o grant_n charter_n and_o precept_n of_o seasine_n as_o be_v aforesaid_a 30._o this_o also_o be_v singular_a in_o appryzing_n and_o adjudication_n that_o a_o real_a right_n of_o fee_n be_v constitute_v thereby_o by_o a_o charge_n of_o horning_n against_o the_o superior_a without_o charter_n or_o seasine_n for_o such_o appryzing_n or_o adjudication_n be_v declare_v effectual_a by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1661._o cap._n 62._o order_v the_o payment_n of_o debt_n betwixt_o creditor_n and_o debtor_n for_o after_o that_o charge_n no_o infeftment_n upon_o voluntary_a disposition_n or_o upon_o any_o other_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n can_v be_v grant_v by_o the_o superior_a prefer_v any_o other_o vassal_n to_o the_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n who_o he_o
in_o the_o superior_n hand_n but_o if_o within_o the_o half_a they_o be_v not_o null_a as_o to_o the_o vassal_n but_o be_v null_a as_o to_o the_o superior_a and_o exclude_v he_o from_o no_o casualty_n of_o his_o superiority_n as_o ward_n etc._n etc._n but_o as_o the_o half_n may_v be_v sub-sett_a so_o any_o other_o right_o less_o than_o the_o value_n of_o the_o half_a be_v sustain_v as_o a_o infeftment_n of_o warrandice_n march_v 6._o 1611._o cathcart_n contra_fw-la campbel_n the_o like_a hold_n of_o infeftment_n of_o liferent_a but_o if_o the_o disposition_n or_o infeftment_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o vassal_n appearand_a heir_n in_o linea_fw-la recta_fw-la it_o infer_v not_o recognition_n be-because_a the_o superior_a be_v not_o prejudge_v by_o change_n of_o his_o vassal_n but_o recognition_n be_v find_v incur_v by_o a_o disposition_n and_o infeftment_n to_o the_o vassal_n brother_n though_o his_o appearand_a heir_n for_o the_o time_n see_v there_o remain_v hope_n of_o issue_n in_o the_o disponer_n and_o so_o his_o brother_n be_v not_o alioqui_fw-la successurus_fw-la spot_n recognition_n advocate_n and_o his_o son_n contra_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o cassils_n and_o collane_n feus_n of_o ward-land_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n ward-vassal_n after_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1457._o and_o before_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1633._o be_v find_v not_o only_o to_o be_v free_a from_o the_o ward-liferent-escheat_n or_o recognition_n of_o the_o king_n vassal_n but_o also_o that_o the_o sub-vassal_n feu_n do_v not_o fall_v by_o his_o superior_a the_o king_n vassal_n forefaulture_n because_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n express_v a_o confirmation_n of_o such_o feus_n which_o therefore_o need_v not_o be_v pass_v in_o exchequer_n without_o which_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o ward_n and_o nonentry_n be_v exclude_v and_o by_o a_o confirmation_n in_o exchequer_n forefaulture_n will_v be_v exclude_v without_o question_n even_o after_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1633._o and_o therefore_o the_o ratification_n and_o approbation_n of_o feus_n by_o the_o act_n 1457._o when_o it_o be_v in_o vigour_n must_v also_o secure_v against_o forefaulture_n of_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o feu_n as_o be_v find_v february_n 12._o 1674._o and_o january_n 23._o 1680._o marquess_z of_o huntly_n contra_fw-la gordoun_n of_o cairnborrow_n who_o feu_n be_v grant_v after_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1457._o and_o before_o the_o act_n 1606._o be_v sustain_v against_o a_o donatar_n of_o his_o superior_n forefaulture_n the_o like_a though_o the_o feu_n be_v renew_v upon_o resignation_n in_o favorem_fw-la not_o be_v ad_fw-la remanentiam_fw-la november_n 16._o 1680._o campbel_n of_o silver-craigs_a contra_fw-la laird_n of_o achinbreck_n and_o earl_n of_o argyle_n 33._o infeftment_n blensh_fw-mi be_v such_o who_o reddendo_fw-la be_v a_o small_a elusory_a rent_n as_o be_v rather_o a_o acknowledgement_n of_o then_o prosite_a to_o the_o superior_a and_o therefore_o ordinary_o it_o bear_v si_fw-la petatur_fw-la tantum_fw-la as_o a_o rose_n penny_n money_n or_o the_o like_a and_o these_o be_v not_o count_v blensh_o right_n unless_o they_o bear_v in_o name_n of_o blensh_fw-mi ferm_n or_o if_o they_o bear_v not_o si_fw-la petatur_fw-la or_o if_o it_o be_v a_o yearly_a growth_n or_o service_n it_o be_v not_o due_a and_o may_v not_o be_v demand_v at_o any_o time_n unless_o it_o be_v demand_v within_o the_o year_n at_o the_o term_n as_o a_o stone_n of_o wax_n or_o a_o pound_n of_o pepper_n february_n 16._o 1627._o lord_n semple_n contra_fw-la blair_n where_o the_o like_a be_v observe_v to_o have_v be_v before_o june_n 18._o 1611._o bishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n contra_fw-la galloway_n the_o like_a find_v where_o the_o reddendo_fw-la bear_v si_fw-la petatur_fw-la tantum_fw-la june_n 15._o 1611._o bishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n contra_fw-la terson_n so_o blensh_o duty_n of_o land_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n be_v declare_v only_o due_a if_o they_o be_v ask_v yearly_o and_o no_o price_n can_v be_v put_v thereupon_o by_o the_o exchequer_n parliament_n 1606._o cap._n 14._o yet_o see_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o king_n be_v not_o to_o be_v prejudge_v by_o neglect_n of_o his_o officer_n who_o ought_v yearly_a to_o call_v for_o his_o blensh_fw-mi duty_n whereof_o many_o be_v considerable_a therefore_o the_o exchequer_n continue_v to_o exact_v the_o king_n blensh_fw-mi duty_n though_o not_o demand_v within_o the_o year_n there_o be_v another_o part_n of_o the_o act_n exclude_v all_o liquidation_n of_o blensh_a duty_n in_o specie_fw-la which_o therefore_o shall_v be_v so_o exact_v though_o not_o within_o the_o year_n unless_o the_o vassal_n voluntary_o offer_v a_o price_n in_o these_o blensh_fw-mi ferm_n there_o be_v no_o ward_n and_o marriage_n befalling_a to_o the_o superior_a in_o which_o it_o differ_v main_o from_o ward_n 34._o infeftment_n feu_n be_v like_a to_o the_o emphyteosis_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o location_n have_v in_o it_o a_o pension_n as_o the_o hire_n with_o a_o condition_n of_o plant_v and_o policy_n for_o such_o be_v common_o grant_v of_o barren_a ground_n and_o therefore_o it_o retain_v still_o that_o name_n also_o and_o be_v account_v and_o call_v a_o assidation_n or_o location_n in_o our_o law_n but_o because_o such_o can_v be_v hereditary_a and_o perpetual_a all_o rental_n and_o tack_n necessary_o require_v a_o ish_n therefore_o these_o feu-holdings_a partake_v both_o of_o infeftment_n as_o pass_v by_o seize_v to_o heir_n for_o ever_o and_o of_o location_n as_o have_v a_o pension_n or_o rent_n for_o their_o reddendo_fw-la and_o be_v allow_v to_o be_v perpetual_a for_o the_o increase_n of_o plant_v and_o policy_n 35._o in_o what_o case_n feus_n be_v allow_v of_o ward-land_n have_v be_v now_o show_v in_o other_o case_n they_o be_v ordinary_o allow_v where_o they_o be_v not_o prohibit_v so_o we_o shall_v only_o need_v to_o speak_v of_o case_n wherein_o they_o be_v prohibit_v and_o void_a and_o that_o be_v first_o in_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o crown_n which_o be_v annex_v thereto_o and_o can_v be_v set_v feu_n by_o the_o king_n without_o consent_n of_o parliament_n by_o their_o act_n of_o dissolution_n bear_v great_a see_v and_o reasonable_a cause_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o sentence_n and_o decreet_a of_o the_o whole_a parliament_n but_o ratification_n which_o pass_v of_o course_n in_o parliament_n without_o report_n from_o the_o article_n will_v not_o supply_v the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o annex_v property_n or_o validat_fw-la infeftment_n thereof_o even_o though_o the_o ratification_n bear_v a_o dissolution_n upon_o which_o ground_n the_o earl_n of_o mortoun_n right_o to_o the_o earldom_n of_o orkney_n be_v reduce_v february_n 25._o 1670._o king_n advocate_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o mortoun_n neither_o can_v the_o annex_v property_n be_v dispone_v by_o the_o king_n but_o only_o in_o feu_n after_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1597._o cap._n 234._o and_o all_o infeftment_n tack_n pension_n gift_n discharge_v grant_v before_o lawful_a dissolution_n in_o parliament_n or_o after_o dissolution_n yet_o contrary_a to_o any_o of_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o same_o be_v declare_v null_n of_o the_o law_n by_o action_n or_o exception_n as_o well_o as_o to_o by_o gone_n as_o in_o time_n come_v par._n 1597._o cap._n 236._o par._n 1455._o cap._n 41._o which_o be_v confirm_v and_o extend_v to_o feus_n not_o only_o to_o be_v grant_v of_o land_n but_o to_o feus_n grant_v of_o the_o feu-ferm-duty_n which_o be_v a_o device_n invent_v to_o elude_v the_o law_n par._n 1597._o cap._n 239._o 36._o second_o feus_n of_o the_o annex_v property_n after_o dissolution_n may_v not_o be_v set_v with_o diminution_n of_o the_o rental_a the_o feu-duty_n not_o be_v within_o the_o new_a retoured_a duty_n par_n 1584._o cap._n 6._o and_o that_o it_o may_v appear_v whether_o the_o rental_a be_v diminish_v or_o not_o before_o they_o pass_v the_o seal_n they_o must_v be_v present_v to_o the_o thesaurer_n and_o comptroller_n and_o registrate_n in_o his_o register_n and_o the_o signature_n subscribe_v by_o he_o otherways_o they_o be_v null_a par._n 1592._o cap._n 127._o and_o such_o feus_n set_v without_o consent_n of_o the_o comptroller_n by_o his_o subscription_n registrat_n in_o his_o register_n be_v again_o declare_v null_n par._n 1593._o cap._n 171._o the_o comptroller_n office_n have_v be_v of_o a_o long_a time_n adjoin_v to_o and_o in_o the_o same_o commission_n with_o the_o thesaurers_n office_n or_o commission_n of_o the_o thesaury_n what_o land_n and_o other_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n appear_v by_o the_o several_a act_n of_o parliament_n make_v thereanent_a consist_v main_o of_o forefaulted_a estate_n and_o kirklands_n after_o the_o abolish_n of_o the_o popish_a clergy_n which_o because_o they_o be_v presume_v to_o have_v be_v most_o part_n mortify_v by_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n therefore_o the_o intent_n of_o their_o grant_v cease_v by_o
the_o abolish_n of_o popery_n they_o return_v to_o the_o crown_n as_o the_o narrative_a of_o the_o act_n of_o annexation_n of_o the_o temporality_n of_o benefice_n par._n 1587._o cap._n 29._o bear_n and_o therefore_o benefice_n of_o laic_a patronage_n as_o have_v proceed_v from_o these_o patron_n be_v except_v by_o the_o say_a act_n and_o though_o after_o the_o restitution_n of_o bishop_n and_o their_o chapter_n the_o act_n of_o annexation_n in_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v their_o land_n be_v rescind_v par._n 1606._o cap._n 6._o yet_o bishop_n be_v abolish_v par._n 1640._o cap._n 6._o their_o land_n be_v again_o annex_v to_o the_o crown_n par._n 1649._o cap._n whereby_o all_o erection_n of_o kirk-land_n in_o temporal_a barony_n or_o lordship_n by_o which_o the_o king_n interpose_v any_o person_n betwixt_o himself_o and_o these_o who_o be_v former_o vassal_n of_o kirkman_n be_v prohibit_v and_o declare_v null_n this_o act_n be_v rescind_v in_o the_o general_a act_n rescissory_a 1661._o cap._n 15._o the_o annex_v property_n after_o dissolution_n may_v not_o be_v grant_v in_o ward_n or_o blensh_o except_o upon_o excambion_n for_o as_o good_a land_n par._n 1597._o cap._n 234._o 37._o feus_n of_o kirk_n land_n by_o prelate_n or_o other_o benefice_a person_n be_v grant_v by_o consent_n of_o their_o chapter_n with_o all_o requisite_a solemnity_n be_v esteem_v legal_a security_n without_o any_o particular_a confirmation_n by_o the_o king_n or_o pope_n there_o be_v no_o statute_n nor_o constitution_n oblige_v the_o subject_n thereto_o and_o in_o case_n any_o confirmation_n have_v be_v requisite_a the_o consent_n of_o the_o prince_n under_o his_o proper_a seal_n and_o subscription_n be_v sufficient_a par._n 1593._o cap._n 187._o yet_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n that_o the_o king_n or_o pope_n authority_n be_v interpose_v to_o all_o feus_n of_o kirk-land_n therefore_o all_o feus_n not_o confirm_v by_o the_o king_n or_o pope_n before_o the_o 8._o of_o march_n 1558._o or_o be_v thereafter_o not_o confirm_v by_o the_o king_n be_v declare_v null_n by_o exception_n par._n 1584._o cap._n 7._o the_o reason_n hereof_o be_v because_o in_o march_n 1558._o the_o reformation_n of_o religion_n begin_v to_o be_v public_o profess_v in_o scotland_n and_o the_o benefice_a person_n become_v hopeless_a to_o preserve_v their_o right_n of_o their_o kirk_n land_n and_o therefore_o endeavour_v to_o dilapidat_fw-la the_o same_o but_o this_o be_v find_v not_o to_o extend_v to_o a_o infeftment_n of_o a_o office_n as_o the_o office_n of_o forrestrie_n though_o it_o have_v land_n annex_v thereto_o and_o a_o threave_n of_o corn_n out_o of_o every_o husband_n land_n of_o the_o abbacy_n see_v the_o statute_n mention_v only_a feus_n of_o land_n and_o this_o be_v but_o like_o a_o thirlage_n 20._o of_o january_n 1666._o lord_n renton_n contra_fw-la fever_n of_o 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v also_o declare_v in_o the_o 7._o act_n par._n 1594._o that_o the_o old_a possessor_n be_v to_o have_v their_o confirmation_n for_o payment_n of_o the_o quadruple_a of_o their_o silver_n rend_v or_o the_o double_a of_o their_o ferm_n provide_v they_o seek_v the_o same_o within_o a_o year_n after_o the_o publication_n of_o that_o act_n otherways_o they_o be_v to_o pay_v the_o eight_o fold_n of_o the_o silver_n rend_v and_o the_o triple_a of_o the_o ferm_n and_o the_o king_n be_v thereby_o oblige_v to_o grant_v confirmation_n to_o the_o old_a possessor_n upon_o these_o term_n and_o be_v so_o confirm_v the_o same_o can_v not_o be_v question_v upon_o aleadge_v dimunition_n of_o the_o rental_a or_o conversion_n in_o money_n or_o any_o other_o cause_n of_o nullity_n invalidity_n or_o lesion_n or_o by_o any_o law_n canon_n or_o statute_n except_o improbation_n only_o and_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o confirmation_n by_o the_o king_n of_o posterior_n feus_n shall_v not_o perjudge_v the_o anterior_a feus_n grant_v by_o prelate_n and_o their_o convent_v with_o their_o common_a seal_n and_o subscription_n at_o any_o time_n be_v grant_v with_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n predecessor_n under_o their_o privy_a seal_n though_o without_o far_a confirmation_n by_o the_o king_n or_o pope_n par._n 1593._o cap._n 187._o the_o reason_n hereof_o be_v because_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o reformation_n most_o of_o the_o evident_n of_o kirk_n land_n be_v destroy_v and_o therefore_o the_o ancient_a possessor_n be_v presume_v by_o their_o very_a possession_n to_o have_v right_o and_o for_o clear_v who_o be_v the_o ancient_a possessor_n and_o what_o be_v kirk_n land_n it_o be_v declare_v by_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la 16._o of_o december_n 1612._o that_o ten_o year_n possossion_n before_o the_o reformation_n or_o thirty_o year_n possession_n thereafter_o but_o interruption_n shall_v be_v sufficient_a to_o stand_v for_o a_o right_n of_o kirk-land_n the_o same_o be_v possess_v as_o such_o and_o feu_n duty_n be_v pay_v to_o kirkman_n before_o the_o reformation_n or_o to_o the_o king_n or_o other_o have_v right_o from_o they_o after_o the_o reformation_n therefore_o it_o be_v so_o decide_v 5._o of_o july_n 1626._o laird_n of_o kerse_n contra_fw-la minister_n of_o alva_n though_o much_o strong_a probation_n of_o be_v part_n of_o a_o temporal_a barronie_n for_o long_a time_n be_v allege_v in_o the_o contrary_a hope_n earl_n of_o home_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o balcleugh_n spot_n kirkman_n mr._n john_n hamiltone_n minister_n at_o linton_n contra_fw-la john_n tweedie_n second_o feus_n grant_v by_o prelate_n be_v null_a except_o they_o be_v expede_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o their_o chapter_n or_o convent_v par._n 1593._o cap._n 187._o three_o feus_n grant_v by_o the_o benefice_a person_n as_o of_o themselves_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v without_o diminution_n of_o the_o rental_a see_v the_o property_n thereof_o be_v mortify_v to_o the_o kirk_n and_o the_o incumbent_n be_v but_o as_o liferenter_n administrator_n and_o tutor_n it_o be_v also_o express_o declare_v and_o statute_n that_o any_o diminution_n of_o the_o rental_a or_o change_v of_o victual_n for_o money_n or_o any_o other_o disposition_n make_v the_o benefice_n in_o a_o worse_a estate_n then_o at_o the_o kirk-mens_n entry_n shall_v be_v null_a par._n 1585._o cap._n 11._o 38._o infeftment_n in_o burgage_n be_v these_o which_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o burgh_n by_o the_o king_n as_o the_o common_a land_n or_o other_o right_n of_o the_o incorporation_n and_o that_o for_o burgal_o service_n in_o watch_v and_o ward_n within_o their_o burgh_n etc._n etc._n these_o can_v have_v no_o casualty_n because_o incorporation_n die_v not_o and_o so_o their_o land_n can_v never_o fall_v in_o ward_n or_o in_o nonentrie_n these_o infeftment_n in_o burgage_n be_v hold_v by_o the_o incorporation_n immediate_o of_o the_o king_n for_o burgal_n service_n watch_v and_o ward_n within_o burgh_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o particular_a person_n infeft_v be_v the_o king_n immediate_a vassal_n and_o the_o baily_n of_o the_o burgh_n be_v the_o king_n baily_n and_o to_o the_o effect_n that_o such_o infeftment_n may_v be_v know_v it_o be_v declare_v that_o all_o seasine_n of_o burgage_n land_n shall_v only_o be_v give_v by_o the_o bailzie_n and_o common_a clerk_n thereof_o otherways_o the_o famine_n be_v declare_v null_n which_o seem_v to_o have_v give_v the_o rise_n to_o the_o exception_n in_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n anent_o registration_n of_o seasin_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o extend_v to_o seasin_n within_o burgh_n par._n 1567._o cap._n 27._o 39_o infeftment_n of_o mortisied_a land_n be_v these_o which_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o kirk_n or_o other_o incorporation_n have_v no_o other_o reddendo_fw-la than_o prayer_n and_o supplication_n and_o the_o like_a such_o be_v the_o mortification_n of_o the_o kirk-land_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n to_o kirk-man_n or_o grant_v by_o other_o private_a man_n to_o the_o provost_n and_o prebendar_n of_o college_n kirk_n found_v for_o sing_v or_o to_o chaplain_n preceptor_n or_o alterage_n in_o which_o the_o patronage_n remain_v in_o the_o mortifier_n 40._o of_o all_o these_o mortification_n there_o remain_v nothing_o now_o except_o the_o benefice_n of_o bishop_n dean_n and_o chapter_n and_o the_o manse_v and_o gleibs_n of_o minister_n which_o be_v rather_o allodial_a than_o feudal_n have_v no_o hold_v reddendo_fw-la or_o renovatione_fw-la yet_o be_v esteem_v as_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o mortification_n and_o therefore_o the_o liferent_a of_o the_o incumbent_n by_o be_v year_n and_o day_n at_o the_o horn_n fall_v to_o the_o king_n manse_v and_o gleibs_n do_v belong_v to_o parson_n viccar_n and_o other_o kirk-man_n before_o the_o reformation_n after_o which_o they_o be_v prohibit_v to_o set_v the_o same_o feu_fw-fr or_o in_o long_o tack_v without_o the_o royal_a assent_n and_o the_o minister_n be_v ordain_v to_o have_v the_o principal_a manse_n of_o the_o parson_n or_o vicar_n or_o so_o much_o thereof_o as_o shall_v be_v find_v sufficient_a whither_o
solemnity_n requisite_a in_o infeftment_n there_o use_v to_o be_v many_o clause_n insert_v therein_o all_o which_o we_o can_v follow_v but_o shall_v insist_v in_o the_o most_o ordinar_n and_o and_o important_a these_o be_v union_n erection_n warrandice_n reservation_n provision_n condition_n and_o clause_n irritant_fw-la 44._o union_n be_v the_o conjunction_n or_o incorporation_n of_o land_n or_o tenement_n lie_v discontigue_n or_o several_a kind_n unto_o one_o tenement_n that_o one_o seasine_a may_v suffice_v for_o they_o all_o in_o which_o there_o be_v sometime_o express_v a_o special_a place_n where_o seasine_n shall_v be_v take_v and_o when_o that_o be_v not_o seasine_n upon_o any_o part_n be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o whole_a land_n lie_v contiguous_a be_v natural_o unite_v and_o needs_o no_o union_n so_o that_o seasine_n take_v upon_o any_o of_o they_o extend_v to_o the_o whole_a but_o where_o they_o lie_v discontiguous_a other_o tenement_n be_v interject_v there_o must_v be_v seasine_n take_v upon_o every_o discontiguous_a tenement_n which_o must_v be_v all_o particular_o so_o express_v in_o the_o instrument_n of_o season_n whereof_o one_o will_v serve_v for_o all_o the_o tenement_n or_o otherways_o when_o they_o be_v tenement_n of_o several_a kind_n as_o land_n milns_n fortalices_n and_o fish_n all_o which_o be_v several_a kind_n of_o tenement_n and_o require_v several_a seasine_n and_o pass_v by_o several_a symbol_n or_o token_n as_o land_n by_o earth_n and_o stone_n milns_n by_o the_o clap_n fortalices_n by_o the_o entry_n at_o the_o gate_n and_o enclose_v the_o person_n possess_v and_o exclude_v the_o grant_a of_o the_o possession_n solemn_o conform_v to_o the_o charter_n or_o precept_n union_n can_v be_v constitute_v original_o by_o no_o other_o than_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n concede_v the_o same_o january_n 16._o 1623._o mr._n hendry_n aikin_n contra_fw-la greenlaw_n or_o confirm_v the_o same_o january_n 16._o 1623._o aikin_n contra_fw-la stuart_n and_o therefore_o union_n be_v constitute_v by_o a_o subject_a not_o have_v the_o same_o from_o the_o king_n be_v find_v null_a by_o exception_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o possessor_n though_o pretend_v no_o right_n december_n 16._o 1628._o lady_n borthwick_n contra_fw-la scot_n of_o goldylands_n and_o when_o there_o be_v a_o place_n for_o the_o seasine_a of_o the_o union_n a_o seasine_a take_v elsewhere_o reach_v none_o of_o the_o land_n lie_v discontigue_n march_v 19_o 1636._o lady_n dunipace_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o but_o if_o the_o land_n unite_v by_o the_o king_n be_v dispone_v whole_o together_o by_o the_o vassal_n to_o other_o subaltern_o infeft_v the_o union_n stand_v valid_a july_n 12._o 1626._o stuart_n and_o dowglas_n contra_fw-la cranstoun_n home_n repeat_v jan._n 5._o 1627._o which_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n ought_v to_o be_v extend_v to_o subaltern_n infeftment_n of_o a_o annualrent_a of_o a_o barony_n or_o unite_a tenement_n which_o be_v find_v to_o extend_v to_o a_o miln_n and_o to_o land_n lie_v discontigue_n though_o not_o take_v in_o the_o place_n design_v in_o the_o union_n spot_n executor_n lady_n ednem_fw-la contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o ednem_fw-la 45._o erection_n be_v when_o land_n be_v not_o only_o unite_v in_o one_o tenement_n but_o be_v erect_v into_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o barony_n which_o comprehend_v lordship_n earldom_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o be_v more_o noble_a title_n of_o a_o barony_n have_v the_o like_a seudal_a effect_n and_o whensoever_o the_o tenement_n be_v grant_v as_o a_o barony_n union_n be_v comprehend_v as_o the_o lesser_a degree_n though_o not_o express_v and_o therefore_o one_o seasine_n carry_v the_o whole_a barony_n and_o all_o milns_n and_o fortalices_n thereupon_o and_o fish_v adjacent_a thereto_o erection_n can_v be_v only_o grant_v by_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n and_o be_v not_o communicable_a by_o the_o subaltern_n infeftment_n though_o the_o union_n employ_v therein_o may_v be_v communicate_v erection_n be_v find_v to_o be_v instruct_v by_o the_o king_n confirmation_n of_o a_o charter_n design_v the_o land_n a_o barony_n though_o it_o be_v not_o a_o barony_n before_o but_o the_o half_a of_o a_o barony_n wherein_o the_o baron_n infeft_v his_o son_n in_o libera_n baronia_n which_o infeftment_n be_v confirm_v by_o the_o king_n do_v constitute_v it_o a_o full_a barony_n whereby_o a_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n take_v upon_o a_o part_n of_o the_o land_n affect_v the_o whole_a november_n 16._o 1630._o laird_n of_o clackmanan_n contra_fw-la alardice_n erection_n of_o kirklands_n in_o temporal_a barony_n or_o lordship_n whereby_o the_o lord_n of_o erection_n be_v interject_v betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o fevar_n be_v prohibit_v par._n 1592._o cap._n 119._o and_o par._n 1594._o cap._n 195._o for_o all_o these_o land_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n par._n 1587._o cap._n 29._o and_o par._n 1633._o cap._n 10._o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v evident_a that_o such_o erection_n be_v prejudicial_a both_o to_o the_o king_n who_o lose_v his_o casualty_n of_o the_o fevar_n and_o to_o the_o people_n who_o must_v accept_v another_o superior_a in_o stead_n of_o the_o king_n and_o though_o they_o have_v former_o but_o subject_n to_o their_o superior_n yet_o churchman_n be_v much_o more_o easy_a than_o secular_a person_n as_o require_v little_a service_n and_o be_v ashamed_a to_o demand_v rigorous_a rate_n but_o any_o man_n may_v obtain_v the_o land_n he_o have_v in_o property_n hold_v mediate_o of_o the_o king_n which_o be_v kirk-land_n erect_v in_o any_o dignity_n the_o king_n please_v to_o grant_v there_o be_v many_o exception_n in_o the_o act_n of_o annexation_n of_o the_o temporality_n of_o kirk-land_n and_o in_o the_o act_n against_o erection_n by_o which_o the_o kirk-land_n except_v be_v valid_o erect_v and_o all_o the_o erection_n be_v so_o far_o allow_v as_o to_o give_v the_o lord_n of_o erection_n right_n to_o the_o feu-duty_n or_o fruit_n of_o the_o property_n of_o kirk-land_n feve_v till_o they_o be_v redeem_v by_o payment_n of_o ten_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o the_o infeftment_n grant_v to_o the_o vassal_n medio_fw-la tempore_fw-la be_v valid_a but_o the_o casualty_n ought_v still_o to_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n it_o have_v be_v sometime_o question_v whether_o the_o union_n and_o erection_n of_o land_n be_v dissolve_v and_o lose_v by_o a_o infeftment_n of_o a_o part_n thereof_o from_o the_o vassal_n hold_v of_o the_o superior_a by_o resignation_n or_o confirmation_n craig_n l._n 2._o dieges_fw-fr 7._o be_v for_o the_o affirmative_a confirm_v by_o the_o resemblance_n of_o a_o sheaf_n of_o arrow_n bind_v with_o one_o ligament_n for_o if_o one_o arrow_n be_v pull_v out_o all_o become_v louse_n and_o so_o the_o union_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v dissolve_v unless_o the_o superior_a give_v the_o new_a infeftment_n but_o prejudice_n of_o the_o rest_n but_o though_o such_o case_n frequent_o occur_v whereby_o infeftment_n of_o discontiguous_a land_n will_v only_o be_v valid_a as_o to_o the_o contiguous_a land_n upon_o which_o they_o be_v take_v yet_o in_o no_o competition_n or_o other_o process_n have_v it_o be_v observe_v by_o any_o to_o be_v draw_v in_o question_n or_o decide_v so_o that_o we_o have_v ever_o rest_v in_o the_o negative_a and_o the_o consequence_n from_o that_o resemblance_n be_v not_o sufficient_a but_o on_o the_o contrary_a he_o who_o unite_v many_o discontiguous_a land_n unite_v every_o part_n of_o they_o to_o every_o part_n so_o that_o the_o take_v off_o of_o one_o part_n dissolve_v only_o itself_o the_o rest_n remain_v unite_v but_o union_n or_o erection_n do_v not_o change_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o land_n unite_v as_o to_o the_o shire_n and_o bailziry_n where_o they_o natural_o lie_v vide_fw-la tit._n confiscatione_n §_o horning_n barony_n and_o unite_a tenement_n when_o they_o be_v original_o grant_v aught_o to_o express_v the_o several_a tenement_n according_a to_o their_o proper_a designation_n and_o so_o express_o unite_v they_o but_o when_o these_o be_v acknowledge_v to_o have_v be_v barony_n or_o otherways_o unite_v or_o be_v name_v or_o defign_v as_o such_o by_o these_o who_o have_v power_n to_o unite_n than_o the_o common_a name_n of_o the_o unite_a barony_n or_o tenement_n be_v sufficient_a to_o carry_v all_o that_o be_v hold_v and_o repute_n as_o part_v and_o pertinent_o thereof_o which_o be_v extend_v to_o land_n as_o part_n of_o a_o common_a designation_n though_o some_o particular_n be_v name_v and_o the_o land_n in_o question_n have_v also_o proper_a name_n and_o be_v express_v in_o the_o ancient_a infeftment_n the_o right_a in_o question_n be_v a_o apprize_a march_v 23._o 1622._o gallowsheils_n contra_fw-la lord_n borthwick_n union_n and_o erection_n be_v as_o quality_n of_o the_o real_a right_n and_o pass_v unto_o singular_a successor_n as_o be_v before_o express_v 46._o warrandice_n be_v either_o real_a when_o infeftment_n be_v give_v of_o one_o tenement_n in_o security_n of_o
be_v not_o know_v and_o if_o the_o warrandice_n be_v not_o absolute_a the_o purchaser_n hazard_n be_v the_o great_a but_o in_o warrandice_n of_o personal_a or_o redeemable_a right_n the_o matter_n be_v ordinary_o liquid_a and_o there_o be_v no_o design_n of_o hazard_n but_o a_o absolute_a relief_n but_o warrandice_n have_v no_o effect_n where_o there_o be_v collusion_n by_o be_v hold_v as_o confess_v nicol_n de_fw-fr evictione_n aikenhead_n contra_fw-la blackwood_n the_o like_a be_v find_v by_o suppress_v the_o warrander_n right_o and_o receive_v considerable_a sum_n therefore_o whereby_o the_o right_a warrant_a fall_v in_o consequence_n february_n 18._o 1679._o laird_n of_o wedderburn_n contra_fw-la sir_n robert_n sinclar_n march_n 3._o 1629._o murray_n contra_fw-la lord_n yester_n neither_o where_o eviction_n fall_v through_o default_n of_o the_o party_n warrant_v when_o have_v a_o disposition_n of_o ward-land_n with_o double_a infeftment_n he_o infeft_v himself_o base_a without_o the_o superior_n consent_n and_o thereby_o the_o land_n recognosce_v february_n 1._o 1610._o maxwel_o contra_fw-la mowbrey_n neither_o infer_v by_o the_o forefaulture_n of_o the_o disponer_n apparent_a heir_n see_v the_o fire_n omit_v to_o obtain_v the_o king_n confirmation_n which_o will_v have_v exclude_v the_o forefaulture_n hope_n warrandice_n hamilton_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o nidderie_n it_o be_v not_o so_o clear_a either_o in_o reason_n or_o practice_n whether_o warrandice_n takeseffect_n upon_o any_o other_o ground_n than_o what_o be_v or_o may_v be_v a_o ground_n of_o eviction_n to_o take_v away_o the_o right_n of_o the_o party_n by_o who_o the_o warrandice_n be_v grant_v judicial_o as_o when_o land_n be_v take_v away_o by_o innundation_n or_o be_v become_v barren_a or_o when_o a_o right_o assign_v with_o warrndice_n become_v ineffectual_a because_o the_o debtor_n be_v not_o solvendo_fw-la or_o when_o any_o accidental_a or_o extrujudicial_a distress_n or_o damnage_n befall_v to_o the_o party_n warrant_v through_o occasion_n of_o the_o ground_n of_o warrandice_n though_o not_o by_o legal_a eviction_n second_o whether_o warrandice_n take_v place_n when_o the_o right_o warrant_v be_v take_v away_o or_o burden_v by_o a_o subsequent_a law_n three_o whether_o warrandice_n in_o general_n will_v extend_v towards_o relief_n and_o it_o or_o to_o forefaulture_n of_o the_o warrant_n own_o superior_a as_o to_o the_o first_o warrandice_n relate_v to_o the_o point_n of_o right_n and_o not_o to_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o therefore_o will_v not_o reach_v to_o accident_n the_o hazard_n whereof_o lie_v always_o upon_o the_o acquirer_n and_o the_o propriatar_n yea_o a_o clause_n of_o warrandice_n that_o land_n shall_v be_v worth_a so_o much_o yearly_a rent_n be_v not_o extend_v to_o desolation_n by_o famine_n march_v 10._o 1636._o lady_n dunipace_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o roviston_n it_o be_v also_o 〈◊〉_d that_o a_o cautioner_n be_v convene_v and_o through_o occasion_n of_o compearance_n be_v make_v prisoner_n in_o a_o ship_n take_v prize_n have_v thereby_o no_o interest_n upon_o the_o clause_n of_o warrandice_n to_o distress_n the_o principal_a for_o this_o accidental_a damnage_n james_n maxwel_n contra_fw-la james_n nisbit_n of_o ladytoun_n so_o that_o unless_o some_o what_o more_o be_v concur_v then_o the_o naked_a warrandice_n either_o by_o the_o value_n of_o the_o onerous_a cause_n for_o which_o the_o right_n be_v grant_v or_o tenor_n of_o the_o assignation_n it_o reach_v not_o the_o sufficiency_n of_o the_o debtor_n or_o the_o like_a point_n of_o fact_n as_o be_v spotswood_n opinion_n tit._n assignation_n and_o it_o be_v late_o find_v that_o where_o a_o creditor_n have_v give_v a_o blank_a assignation_n to_o a_o cautioner_n who_o have_v pay_v he_o with_o absolute_a warrandice_n that_o as_o to_o the_o cautioner_n to_o who_o it_o be_v gratuitous_a for_o the_o creditor_n to_o give_v such_o a_o warrandice_n import_v not_o the_o sufficiency_n of_o the_o debtor_n july_n 16._o 1663._o william_n hay_o contra_fw-la nicolson_n and_o mitchel_n it_o be_v also_o find_v that_o absolute_a warrandice_n in_o a_o asignation_n bear_v that_o the_o examine_v shall_v be_v good_a valid_a and_o effectual_a be_v not_o find_v to_o extend_v to_o the_o solvency_n of_o the_o debtor_n but_o only_o that_o the_o debt_n can_v not_o be_v exclude_v by_o any_o legal_a exception_n either_o from_o the_o cedent_n deed_n or_o otherwise_o as_o if_o the_o write_v assign_v have_v be_v false_a the_o cedent_fw-la not_o be_v accessary_a null_n or_o declare_v a_o public_a debt_n november_n 24._o 1671._o sir_n rober_n barclay_n of_o pearstoun_n contra_fw-la robert_n liddel_n which_o quadrat_n with_o lib._n 4._o ff_n de_fw-fr haereditate_fw-la et_fw-la actione_n vendita_fw-la venditore_fw-la nominis_fw-la tenetur_fw-la prestare_fw-la debitum_fw-la subesse_fw-la debitorem_fw-la vero_fw-la locupletem_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la tenetur_fw-la prestare_fw-la as_o to_o the_o distress_n by_o subsequent_a law_n when_o these_o be_v by_o way_n of_o declarator_n of_o a_o anticedent_n right_o it_o be_v equivalent_a to_o a_o judicial_a eviction_n but_o when_o the_o law_n be_v statutory_a introduce_v a_o new_a burden_n as_o tax_n augmentation_n of_o minister_n stipend_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v craig_n opinion_n diege_n de_fw-fr evictione_n §_o 6._o which_o he_o report_v as_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o session_n that_o in_o such_o case_n the_o warrant_n shall_v be_v liable_a in_o quantum_fw-la lucratus_fw-la est_fw-la but_o custom_n since_o have_v clear_v the_o contrary_a that_o warrandice_n be_v never_o extend_v to_o subsequent_a statutory_a law_n but_o that_o these_o be_v always_o upon_o the_o purchaser_n hazard_v and_o therefore_o a_o general_a clause_n of_o absolute_a warrandice_n be_v not_o extend_v to_o a_o burden_n impose_v by_o a_o subsequent_a law_n though_o there_o be_v a_o anterior_a abrogat_fw-la law_n to_o that_o same_o effect_n july_n 12._o 1667._o watson_n contra_fw-la law_n neither_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o make_v up_o of_o a_o gleib_n though_o it_o be_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o prior_n law_n but_o the_o designation_n be_v after_o the_o disposition_n july_n 1._o 1676._o laird_n of_o auchintcul_fw-la contra_fw-la laird_n of_o inn_n yea_o absolute_a warrandice_n in_o a_o lady_n liferent_a which_o be_v most_o favourable_a be_v find_v not_o to_o extend_v to_o a_o augmentation_n of_o a_o minister_n stipend_n thereafter_o though_o ground_v upon_o a_o prior_n law_n march_v 27._o 1634._o lady_n dumfermling_n contra_fw-la she_o son_n but_o where_o a_o clause_n of_o warrandice_n do_v bear_v that_o a_o rental_a of_o a_o lady_n liferent_a shall_v be_v so_o much_o worth_a yearly_a it_o be_v find_v effectual_a to_o make_v up_o a_o abatment_n of_o the_o rental_a by_o a_o minister_n stipend_n modify_v thereafter_o july_n 28._o 1635._o lady_n cardross_n contra_fw-la she_o son_n or_o to_o the_o make_v up_o a_o reader_n stipend_n impose_v by_o a_o posterior_n law_n for_o in_o these_o case_n it_o be_v the_o special_a tenor_n of_o the_o clause_n to_o uphold_v the_o rental_a which_o will_v have_v be_v effectual_a not_o only_o as_o to_o eviction_n in_o jure_fw-la but_o as_o to_o distress_n in_o facto_fw-la by_o inundation_n devastation_n or_o the_o like_a the_o intent_n of_o absolute_a warrandice_n be_v only_o against_o legal_a eviction_n it_o do_v not_o extend_v to_o every_o burden_n that_o may_v affect_v the_o land_n as_o to_o a_o servitude_n of_o pasturage_n fuel_n feal_n or_o divet_n or_o to_o a_o thirlage_n of_o the_o land_n to_o the_o miln_n of_o the_o barony_n pay_v the_o ninteetnh_v corn_n june_n 21._o 1672._o sandelands_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o haddingtoun_n absolute_a warrandice_n be_v sometime_o general_a and_o sometime_o special_a against_o ward_n relief_n and_o nonentry_n etc._n etc._n with_o a_o general_a clause_n and_o all_o other_o danger_n peril_n and_o inconvenience_n whatsoever_o as_o well_o not_o name_v as_o name_v etc._n etc._n as_o to_o which_o the_o general_a clause_n be_v not_o to_o be_v extend_v above_o the_o great_a of_o the_o special_a but_o the_o question_n arise_v if_o such_o clause_n will_v reach_v subsequent_a ward_n or_o marriage_n of_o the_o superior_a or_o to_o future_a porefaulture_n or_o recognition_n non-entry_n liferent-escheats_a &c._n &c._n it_o be_v certain_a that_o whatever_o of_o these_o burden_n besal_a by_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o warrant_n he_o must_v be_v liable_a therefore_o absolute_a warrandice_n be_v much_o strong_a than_o warrandice_n from_o fact_n and_o deed_n which_o reach_v not_o only_o to_o fact_n of_o commission_n but_o even_o to_o ommission_n of_o duty_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o warrandice_n be_v but_o by_o the_o author_n and_o not_o by_o the_o superior_a these_o subsequent_a distress_n will_v not_o reach_v the_o author_n unless_o the_o clause_n bear_v express_o such_o distress_n past_a present_a or_o to_o come_v and_o so_o though_o the_o fee_n be_v extinct_a by_o the_o forefaulture_n or_o recognition_n of_o the_o superior_a or_o burden_v by_o his_o nonentry_n or_o remain_v at_o the_o
deed_n to_o a_o three_o party_n this_o will_v import_v but_o a_o personal_a obligement_n and_o will_v not_o affect_v singular_a successor_n 55._o but_o if_o the_o dispositive_a clause_n be_v express_o burden_v with_o payment_n of_o such_o a_o sum_n to_o the_o author_n or_o bear_v that_o upon_o that_o condition_n the_o infeftment_n be_v grant_v and_o no_o otherways_o such_o a_o clause_n be_v find_v effectual_a against_o a_o singular_a successor_n bear_v only_o a_o provision_n in_o the_o dispositive_a word_n that_o the_o land_n shall_v be_v affect_v with_o such_o a_o sum_n and_o be_v sustain_v against_o a_o apprizer_n november_n 7._o 1676._o caucham_n contra_fw-la adamson_n here_o there_o be_v a_o clause_n irritant_fw-la in_o the_o disposition_n but_o be_v not_o in_o the_o charter_n 56._o provision_n or_o condition_n in_o infeftment_n impossible_a or_o unlawful_a if_o they_o be_v conceive_v as_o suspensive_a clause_n annex_v to_o the_o disposition_n they_o annul_v the_o same_o but_o if_o there_o be_v provision_n otherways_o adject_v though_o they_o be_v in_o the_o term_n of_o a_o clause_n irritant_fw-la or_o resolutive_a they_o be_v void_a as_o not_o adject_v 57_o provision_n also_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n be_v ineffectual_a as_o if_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o the_o vassal_n shall_v not_o owe_v fidelity_n to_o his_o superior_a or_o that_o the_o right_n shall_v be_v valid_a by_o the_o charter_n without_o seasine_n these_o provision_n be_v inconsistent_a and_o null_a 58._o it_o be_v much_o debate_v among_o the_o feudist_n whither_o clause_n de_fw-fr non_fw-fr alienando_fw-la with_o a_o irritancy_n or_o resolutive_a clause_n or_o that_o the_o fiar_n shall_v contract_v no_o debt_n by_o which_o the_o fee_n may_v be_v alienat_fw-la or_o the_o tailzie_n change_v and_o they_o be_v general_o for_o the_o negative_a that_o a_o clause_n prohibit_v contract_a of_o debt_n or_o simple_o not_o to_o alienat_fw-la be_v inconsistent_a with_o property_n albeit_o they_o may_v be_v effectual_a if_o so_o qualify_v that_o no_o alienation_n be_v make_v or_o debt_n contract_v to_o affect_v the_o fee_n or_o alter_v the_o succession_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o superior_a or_o such_o other_o person_n but_o that_o be_v absolute_a they_o can_v be_v effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n whereas_o these_o limit_a prohibition_n resolve_v but_o in_o interdiction_n and_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o seasines_n registrate_n they_o be_v equivalent_a to_o interdiction_n publish_v and_o registrate_n though_o many_o such_o clause_n have_v be_v in_o tailzy_v infeftment_n yet_o none_o of_o they_o have_v come_v to_o be_v debate_v but_o that_o which_o be_v in_o the_o tailzie_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o stormont_n tailzy_v to_o annandail_n heir_n male_a of_o his_o body_n whilk_n fail_v to_o balvaird_n and_o his_o heir_n with_o a_o clause_n not_o to_o annalzie_a or_o to_o contract_v any_o debt_n or_o do_v any_o deed_n whereby_o the_o land_n may_v be_v take_v from_o the_o heir_n of_o talzie_n otherwise_o the_o contraveen_a shall_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la lose_v his_o right_n and_o the_o next_o person_n who_o will_v be_v heir_n shall_v have_v right_o which_o be_v at_o length_n contain_v in_o the_o original_a seasine_n and_o all_o the_o subsequent_a seasine_n be_v find_v effectual_a to_o annual_a the_o right_n of_o james_n earl_n of_o annandail_n who_o contraveen_v and_o of_o all_o his_o creditor_n who_o apprize_v for_o his_o debt_n febru_n 26._o 1662._o viscount_n of_o stormont_n contra_fw-la creditor_n of_o annandail_n other_o clause_n irritant_fw-la consist_v with_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n be_v effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n as_o the_o take_v the_o name_n and_o arm_n of_o a_o family_n and_o general_o all_o real_a burden_n of_o land_n contain_v in_o infeftment_n though_o they_o give_v no_o present_a right_o to_o these_o in_o who_o favour_n they_o be_v conceive_v nor_o can_v give_v they_o any_o fee_n of_o the_o land_n yet_o they_o be_v real_a burden_n pass_v with_o the_o land_n to_o singular_a successor_n though_o they_o bind_v they_o not_o personal_o but_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n by_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n as_o if_o land_n be_v dispone_v with_o the_o burden_n of_o a_o annualrent_a forth_o thereof_o to_o such_o a_o person_n and_o his_o heir_n this_o will_v not_o constitute_v the_o annualrent_a but_o may_v be_v a_o ground_n of_o adjudge_v a_o annualrent_a out_o of_o the_o land_n in_o all_o these_o case_n purchaser_n by_o voluntary_a disposition_n be_v presume_v and_o ought_v to_o see_v their_o author_n right_n at_o least_o a_o progress_n of_o forty_o year_n whereby_o they_o may_v know_v such_o clause_n and_o consider_v they_o in_o the_o price_n or_o otherways_o secure_v themselves_o against_o they_o but_o in_o the_o only_a decision_n of_o this_o matter_n concern_v the_o tailzie_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o stormount_v which_o do_v pass_v with_o great_a difficulty_n the_o lord_n be_v near_o equal_o divide_v special_a consideration_n be_v have_v that_o the_o clause_n irritant_fw-la de_fw-la non_fw-la alienando_fw-la be_v express_o set_v down_o in_o the_o first_o and_o subsequent_a seasine_n of_o heir_n whereby_o creditor_n be_v certiorat_a of_o their_o hazard_n if_o they_o shall_v lend_v their_o money_n that_o they_o can_v expect_v no_o security_n threfore_o by_o that_o estate_n see_v thereby_o the_o borrower_n right_o become_v void_a and_o therefore_o such_o clause_n or_o any_o other_o clause_n irritant_fw-la or_o condition_n that_o may_v evacuat_v infeftment_n or_o deep_o burden_v the_o same_o when_o they_o be_v not_o particular_o express_v in_o the_o seasine_a may_v not_o only_o be_v quarrel_v by_o anterior_a creditor_n but_o also_o by_o posterior_n creditor_n as_o latent_fw-la and_o fraudulent_a clause_n to_o ensnare_v creditor_n who_o have_v no_o mean_a to_o know_v such_o clause_n do_v contract_n and_o lend_v sum_n of_o money_n to_o person_n who_o they_o see_v stand_v infeft_v in_o considerable_a estate_n of_o land_n clause_n de_fw-la non_fw-la alienando_fw-la or_o non_fw-la contrahendo_fw-la debitum_fw-la be_v most_o infavourable_a and_o inconvenient_a special_o when_o absolute_a for_o first_o commerce_n be_v thereby_o hinder_v which_o be_v the_o common_a interest_n of_o mankind_n second_o the_o natural_a obligation_n of_o provide_v wife_n and_o child_n be_v thereby_o hinder_v which_o can_v lawful_o be_v omit_v three_o it_o be_v unreasonable_a so_o to_o clog_v estate_n descend_v from_o predecessor_n and_o not_o to_o leave_v our_o successor_n in_o the_o same_o freedom_n that_o our_o predecessor_n leave_v we_o whereby_o though_o they_o have_v the_o shadow_n of_o a_o estate_n yet_o they_o may_v become_v miserable_a as_o if_o they_o shall_v happen_v to_o fall_v into_o captivity_n or_o in_o any_o transgression_n that_o will_v infer_v a_o considerable_a fine_a against_o which_o no_o such_o clause_n can_v secure_v then_o be_v disable_v to_o borrow_v they_o behove_v to_o be_v denunce_v to_o the_o horn_n and_o thereby_o their_o liferent_a escheat_n fall_v to_o their_o superior_a which_o no_o such_o clause_n can_v prevent_v and_o therefore_o if_o any_o man_n have_v ground_n to_o suspect_v the_o frugality_n of_o his_o successor_n he_o may_v provide_v a_o part_n of_o his_o estate_n by_o a_o tailzie_n disable_n that_o successor_n to_o contract_v debt_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o such_o person_n in_o which_o he_o confide_v leave_v some_o part_n of_o his_o estate_n to_o his_o diseretion_n for_o such_o a_o clause_n irritant_fw-la be_v in_o the_o seasine_a publish_v by_o registration_n may_v be_v sustain_v as_o equivalent_a to_o a_o interdiction_n such_o clause_n be_v also_o much_o more_o tolerable_a in_o land_n acquire_v by_o the_o fiar_n own_o industry_n wherein_o if_o there_o be_v insert_v a_o tailzie_n with_o a_o clause_n de_fw-fr non_fw-fr alienando_fw-la to_o be_v insert_v in_o the_o original_a and_o all_o subsequent_a seasines_n and_o bear_v provision_n for_o the_o wife_n of_o successor_n not_o exceed_v such_o proportion_n of_o the_o fee_n and_o for_o child_n only_o to_o affect_v such_o a_o proportion_n of_o the_o free_a rent_n or_o if_o person_n have_v no_o near_a relation_n of_o value_n prefer_v other_o of_o their_o name_n or_o kin_n to_o their_o estate_n or_o in_o case_n of_o mutual_a tailzy_n such_o clause_n limit_v as_o aforesaid_a may_v be_v much_o more_o tolerate_v but_o clause_n of_o that_o nature_n have_v never_o be_v attempt_v but_o in_o proper_a tailzy_n where_o they_o be_v diverse_a nominat_fw-la branch_n which_o be_v neither_o heir_n of_o line_n nor_o heir_n male_a to_o one_o another_o and_o where_o the_o main_a design_n be_v to_o preserve_v the_o tailzie_n for_o when_o all_o the_o branch_n be_v of_o far_a relation_n the_o preference_n of_o the_o first_o be_v not_o much_o above_o the_o rest_n and_o therefore_o the_o other_o branch_n have_v by_o such_o clause_n jus_o acquisitum_fw-la and_o be_v not_o simple_o heir_n but_o partly_o creditor_n to_o
the_o first_o branch_n and_o therefore_o though_o there_o be_v no_o clause_n irritant_fw-la they_o may_v reduce_v alienation_n mere_o gratuitous_a or_o fraudulent_a especial_o when_o do_v not_o by_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n or_o heir_n male_a of_o he_o who_o constitute_v the_o tailzie_n for_o these_o be_v always_o in_o every_o tailzie_n in_o the_o first_o place_n and_o while_o the_o fee_n continue_v in_o they_o it_o be_v rather_o a_o simple_a fee_n then_o tailzy_v as_o it_o become_v again_o when_o all_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o tailzie_n fail_v the_o perpetuity_n of_o estate_n where_o they_o have_v be_v long_o accustom_v have_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d their_o inconvenience_n &_o therefore_o divice_n have_v be_v find_v out_o to_o 〈◊〉_d they_o ineffectual_a only_o the_o majoratus_fw-la of_o spain_n have_v be_v most_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d that_o the_o king_n nobilitate_v a_o person_n of_o merit_n and_o 〈◊〉_d either_o by_o the_o king_n gift_n or_o his_o own_o right_n that_o estate_n can_v neither_o be_v alienate_v or_o burden_v but_o remain_v alimentary_a for_o preservation_n of_o the_o dignity_n of_o that_o family_n but_o these_o perpetuity_n in_o england_n be_v now_o easy_o evacuat_a first_o by_o warrant_n to_o sell_v purchase_v in_o parliament_n which_o pass_v without_o much_o difficulty_n and_o if_o they_o become_v frequent_a with_o we_o it_o be_v like_a we_o will_v find_v the_o same_o remeid_v they_o be_v also_o evacuat_a by_o a_o simulat_fw-la action_n of_o fine_a and_o recovery_n whereby_o the_o purchaser_n pretend_v that_o he_o be_v unwarrantable_o dispossess_v of_o such_o land_n by_o the_o present_a fire_n who_o colude_v and_o be_v silent_a have_v receive_v a_o price_n or_o other_o consideration_n so_o that_o these_o sentence_n though_o collusive_a must_v be_v irrevocable_a in_o tailzy_n the_o heir_n male_a or_o heir_n of_o line_n of_o every_o branch_n be_v the_o issue_n of_o the_o stipes_n of_o that_o branch_n do_v succeed_v and_o therefore_o there_o be_v a_o good_a caution_n by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n that_o after_o the_o possibility_n of_o issue_n be_v extinct_a the_o present_a fire_n can_v do_v no_o more_o as_o to_o the_o fee_n but_o what_o a_o liferenter_fw-la can_v do_v the_o next_o branch_n be_v ordinary_o altogether_o stranger_n to_o that_o fire_n little_a care_n will_v be_v take_v to_o preserve_v the_o fee_n in_o the_o tailzie_n of_o stormount_n the_o whole_a estate_n be_v not_o comprehend_v and_o it_o be_v distinct_o provide_v that_o in_o case_n any_o of_o the_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n for_o the_o time_n shall_v contraveen_v that_o the_o right_n shall_v be_v divolve_v on_o that_o person_n who_o will_v succeed_v if_o the_o contraveen_a be_v dead_a but_o in_o such_o tailzy_n former_o it_o be_v not_o so_o clear_o order_v be_v only_o provide_v that_o the_o contraveen_a shall_v lose_v his_o right_n and_o the_o next_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n shall_v have_v place_n whereby_o it_o remain_v dubious_a whether_o the_o next_o branch_n of_o the_o tailzie_n be_v mean_v so_o that_o the_o contraveen_a lose_v his_o own_o interest_n and_o all_o descend_v of_o he_o or_o whether_o he_o lose_v the_o interest_n of_o all_o descend_v of_o that_o branch_n or_o whether_o he_o lose_v only_o his_o own_o personal_a interest_n wherein_o the_o design_n of_o the_o constituter_n of_o the_o tailzie_n may_v be_v dubious_a enough_o 59_o to_o sum_v up_o this_o important_a subject_n of_o tailzy_n let_v we_o consider_v the_o effect_n thereof_o according_a to_o the_o several_a ordinary_a tenor_n of_o the_o same_o and_o how_o far_o the_o fire_n or_o his_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n be_v bind_v up_o thereby_o we_o must_v then_o distinguish_v betwixt_o tailzy_n have_v clause_n not_o to_o alter_v burden_n or_o alienat_fw-la and_o these_o that_o be_v simple_a without_o any_o express_a restrictive_a clause_n second_o betwixt_o tailzy_n make_v free_o and_o these_o that_o be_v make_v for_o onerous_a cause_n three_o betwixt_o these_o that_o have_v clause_n resolutive_a or_o irritant_fw-la and_o these_o that_o have_v only_o such_o clause_n by_o way_n of_o obligation_n provision_n or_o condition_n as_o to_o the_o first_o case_n it_o be_v a_o general_a rule_n that_o cuique_fw-la est_fw-la rei_fw-la suae_fw-la moderator_n &_o arbyter_n every_o man_n may_v dispose_v of_o his_o own_o at_o his_o pleasure_n either_o to_o take_v effect_n in_o his_o life_n or_o after_o his_o death_n and_o so_o may_v provide_v his_o land_n to_o what_o heir_n he_o please_v and_o may_v change_v the_o succession_n as_o oft_o as_o he_o will_v which_o will_v be_v complete_v by_o resigning_n from_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n in_o the_o fee_n in_o favour_n of_o himself_o and_o such_o other_o heir_n as_o he_o please_v to_o name_n in_o the_o procuratory_n whereupon_o resignation_n be_v accept_v by_o a_o superior_a and_o new_a infeftment_n grant_v according_o the_o succession_n be_v effectual_o alter_v yea_o any_o obligement_n to_o take_v his_o land_n so_o hold_v will_v oblige_v the_o former_a heir_n to_o enter_v and_o to_o denude_v themselves_o for_o implement_n of_o that_o obligement_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o heir_n therein_o express_v and_o if_o the_o superior_a refuse_n to_o accept_v the_o resignation_n alter_v the_o succession_n a_o bond_n of_o borrow_a money_n though_o grant_v only_o upon_o design_n to_o alter_v the_o succession_n will_v be_v the_o ground_n of_o adjudication_n of_o the_o land_n and_o be_v assign_v to_o the_o fire_n himself_o and_o to_o such_o heir_n as_o he_o please_v the_o superior_a will_v be_v force_v to_o receive_v he_o according_o so_o that_o the_o first_o constituter_n of_o a_o tailzie_n or_o any_o heir_n succeed_v to_o he_o may_v change_v it_o at_o their_o pleasure_n unless_o the_o tailzie_n be_v for_o a_o onerous_a cause_n as_o when_o tailzy_n be_v mutual_a than_o the_o first_o constitutor_n of_o the_o mutual_a tailzy_n can_v alter_v the_o same_o although_o their_o debt_n may_v affect_v the_o same_o yet_o no_o fraudulent_a or_o gratuitous_a deed_n can_v alter_v or_o evacuat_v such_o tailzy_n and_o therefore_o a_o mutual_a contract_n betwixt_o two_o brethren_n obliege_v they_o that_o what_o land_n they_o shall_v succeed_v to_o or_o acquire_v shall_v be_v take_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n whilk_n failze_v to_o the_o brother_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n etc._n etc._n though_o thereafter_o either_o brother_n take_v their_o land_n otherways_o to_o their_o heir_n whatsoever_o whereby_o sister_n have_v succeed_v to_o one_o of_o these_o brother_n they_o be_v decern_v to_o denude_v themselves_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o other_o brother_n january_n 14._o 1631._o mr._n john_n sharp_n contra_fw-la helen_n sharp_n but_o if_o the_o cause_n onerous_a be_v of_o less_o import_n then_o to_o grant_v and_o continue_v a_o tailzie_n it_o will_v import_v no_o more_o than_o once_o perfect_v the_o infeftment_n by_o such_o a_o tailzie_n whereby_o the_o hope_n of_o succession_n arise_v to_o these_o party_n in_o who_o favour_n the_o fire_n be_v oblige_v to_o take_v the_o tailzy_n but_o he_o be_v not_o find_v oblige_v to_o continue_v the_o same_o but_o that_o he_o may_v alter_v it_o thereafter_o without_o refound_v the_o money_n he_o get_v for_o grant_v it_o be_v but_o of_o that_o value_n as_o be_v equal_a only_o to_o the_o hope_n of_o succession_n which_o behove_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o alteration_n sine_fw-la dolo_fw-la july_n 15._o 1636._o mr._n david_n drummond_n contra_fw-la drummond_n heir_n of_o provision_n by_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v in_o part_n overous_a be_v grant_v for_o a_o tocher_n and_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o wife_n concern_v therefore_o they_o can_v be_v alter_v by_o the_o husband_n at_o his_o pleasure_n but_o do_v exclude_v all_o fraudulent_a or_o mere_o gratuitous_a alteration_n as_o have_v be_v show_v section_n forty_o three_o but_o if_o there_o bean_n express_v obligement_n not_o to_o alter_v the_o tailzie_n albeit_o that_o will_v not_o give_v title_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o blood_n of_o the_o present_a fire_n to_o quarrel_v his_o deed_n or_o alteration_n yet_o it_o will_v give_v interest_n to_o any_o other_o branch_n of_o the_o tailzie_n whether_o to_o the_o person_n nominat_fw-la or_o his_o heir_n to_o quarrel_v and_o reduce_v such_o alteration_n though_o it_o will_v not_o exclude_v alteration_n by_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n for_o debt_n true_o borrow_v by_o the_o fire_n and_o therefore_o a_o tailzie_n of_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n lend_v in_o their_o term_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o creditor_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n whilk_n fail_v to_o the_o father_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o hsi_a body_n whilk_n fail_v to_o a_o person_n name_v and_o his_o heir_n and_o assigney_n whatsoever_o with_o a_o provision_n that_o the_o creditor_n and_o his_o heir_n shall_v do_v no_o deed_n hurtful_a to_o the_o tailzie_n nor_o the_o debtor_n shall_v not_o pay_v without_o consent_n of_o the_o heir_n
which_o there_o have_v be_v decision_n upon_o both_o part_n wherein_o the_o reconciliation_n may_v be_v that_o if_o the_o seven_o year_n possession_n enter_v not_o by_o order_n of_o law_n or_o by_o consent_n of_o these_o who_o be_v then_o possessor_n but_o enter_v in_o the_o void_a possession_n or_o obtain_v the_o rent_n from_o the_o tenant_n of_o consent_n such_o possession_n be_v vicious_a because_o the_o former_a possessor_n continue_v to_o possess_v animo_fw-la but_o if_o the_o former_a possessor_n have_v long_o forbear_v to_o possess_v before_o the_o seven_o year_n or_o that_o the_o subsequent_a possessor_n enter_v by_o authority_n of_o law_n or_o consent_v of_o the_o former_a possessor_n there_o be_v no_o reason_n to_o make_v difference_n whether_o his_o competitor_n be_v in_o possession_n before_o or_o not_o 83._o charter_n and_o seasine_n be_v sufficient_a both_o for_o pursuit_n and_o defence_n where_o there_o be_v not_o another_o infeftment_n that_o come_v in_o competition_n but_o when_o two_o infeftment_n of_o the_o same_o subject_n compete_fw-it if_o neither_o have_v have_v seven_o year_n lawful_a and_o peaceable_a possession_n then_o the_o point_n of_o right_n come_v to_o be_v debate_v without_o reduction_n and_o either_o party_n must_v propone_v their_o alledgeance_n upon_o their_o author_n right_n in_o the_o same_o way_n as_o in_o declarator_n of_o right_a and_o whatsoever_o point_n be_v find_v relevant_a for_o either_o party_n or_o where_o the_o right_n allege_v on_o be_v ordain_v to_o be_v produce_v before_o the_o relevancy_n be_v discuss_v term_n will_v be_v assign_v to_o either_o party_n and_o they_o will_v get_v incident_a diligence_n by_o exhibition_n against_o their_o author_n to_o produce_v and_o ordinary_a diligence_n for_o produce_v their_o own_o or_o their_o predecessor_n right_n and_o whatever_o the_o event_n be_v either_o party_n will_v be_v secure_a as_o to_o the_o bygone_a fruit_n consume_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la the_o effect_n of_o infeftment_n in_o the_o point_n of_o right_n be_v that_o by_o the_o first_o perfect_v infeftment_n with_o the_o several_a requisite_n aforesaid_a grant_v by_o he_o who_o have_v power_n the_o property_n be_v establish_v and_o the_o proprietar_n will_v be_v prefer_v at_o least_o in_o petitorio_fw-la to_o all_o posterior_n right_n but_o if_o the_o grant_a have_v no_o power_n as_o not_o be_v valid_o inse_v himself_o or_o be_v impede_v by_o inhibition_n or_o interdiction_n or_o by_o anterior_a diligence_n make_v the_o matter_n litigious_a he_o can_v valid_o confer_v a_o right_n concern_v interdiction_n we_o have_v speak_v before_o tit._n 6._o litigiousness_n fall_v in_o among_o the_o effect_n of_o legal_a diligence_n but_o it_o will_v be_v proper_a here_o to_o speak_v of_o inhibition_n see_v the_o effect_n thereof_o reach_v only_o as_o to_o heritable_a right_n and_o come_v not_o so_o proper_o elsewhere_o under_o consideration_n 84._o inhibition_n be_v by_o letter_n under_o the_o signet_n prohibit_v the_o party_n inhibit_v to_o dilapidate_v or_o dispone_v any_o of_o his_o land_n heretage_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v understand_v till_o the_o cause_n for_o which_o the_o letter_n be_v direct_v mention_v therein_o be_v satisfy_v it_o proceed_v summary_o upon_o supplication_n and_o production_n of_o any_o ground_n thereof_o whether_o obligation_n or_o process_n and_o though_o it_o pass_v of_o course_n yet_o sometime_o be_v refuse_v as_o to_o a_o wife_n upon_o the_o contract_n against_o her_o husband_n jan._n 11._o 1625._o hamiltoun_n supplicant_n and_o to_o a_o appearand_a heir_n against_o his_o father_n upon_o his_o father_n contract_n of_o marriage_n whereby_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o his_o father_n shall_v be_v interdict_v to_o certain_a person_n then_o dead_a january_n 16._o 1622._o silvertounhill_n supplicant_n but_o be_v pass_v of_o course_n against_o a_o appearand_a heir_n it_o be_v find_v valid_a because_o he_o be_v enter_v before_o the_o debate_n thereupon_o july_n 5._o 1623._o kirkwood_n contra_fw-la belshes_n it_o be_v refuse_v upon_o the_o warrandice_n of_o a_o discharge_v from_o the_o discharger_n fact_n and_o deed_n only_o unless_o the_o supplicant_n show_v a_o particular_a hazard_n february_n 4._o 1623._o patrick_n forbes_n contra_fw-la william_n dick._n the_o effect_n of_o inhibition_n reach_v only_a deed_n do_v by_o the_o person_n inhibit_v after_o the_o inhibition_n and_o do_v not_o reach_v any_o deed_n do_v thereafter_o by_o his_o heir_n and_o successor_n but_o these_o must_v be_v of_o new_a inhibit_v hope_v inhibition_n john_n pirycon_n second_o it_o have_v no_o effect_n against_o moveable_n albeit_o grow_v upon_o the_o ground_n the_o time_n of_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o inhibition_n though_o the_o style_n thereof_o bear_v not_o to_o dilapidat_fw-la lund_n heretage_n good_n or_o geir_n march_v 22._o 1623._o laird_n of_o braico_fw-la contra_fw-la ogilvie_n hope_v inhibition_n aikin_n contra_fw-la anderson_n yet_o it_o will_v reduce_v a_o movable_a bond_n in_o so_o far_o as_o it_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o a_o apprize_a but_o prejudice_n of_o personal_a execution_n or_o against_o moveable_n july_n 2._o 1630._o dowglas_n contra_fw-la johnstoun_n but_o it_o may_v proceed_v upon_o a_o movable_a bond_n ibid._n july_n 2._o 1625._o porteous_n contra_fw-la elliot_n where_o reduction_n be_v sustain_v to_o the_o effect_n apprize_a may_n proceed_v upon_o the_o movable_a bond_n though_o no_o apprize_a or_o other_o real_a right_n have_v then_o follow_v upon_o the_o say_v bond._n inhibition_n be_v only_o effectual_a against_o posterior_n voluntary_a right_n grant_v by_o the_o person_n inhibit_v but_o not_o against_o appryzing_n adjudication_n and_o infeftment_n thereupon_o though_o posterior_n to_o the_o inhibition_n if_o they_o proc_v upon_o a_o debt_n prio_fw-la to_o the_o inhibition_n yea_o though_o the_o date_n of_o a_o disposition_n be_v prior_n to_o the_o inhibition_n yet_o the_o same_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o purchaser_n for_o himself_o and_o to_o the_o behoof_n of_o other_o that_o clause_n be_v fill_v up_o with_o another_o hand_n be_v presume_v to_o be_v fill_v up_o after_o the_o inhibition_n unless_o the_o contrary_n be_v prove_v to_o have_v be_v fill_v up_o before_o the_o inhibition_n by_o witness_n above_o exception_n jan._n 15._o 1672._o lady_n lucia_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la the_o creditor_n of_o monkcastle_n neither_o will_v it_o be_v effectual_a against_o a_o infeftment_n after_o the_o inhibition_n proceed_v upon_o a_o disposition_n prio_fw-la thereto_o or_o upon_o a_o obligement_n to_o grant_v such_o a_o insestment_n be_v prior_n to_o the_o inhibition_n hope_n inhibition_n patrick_n stirling_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o lethendy_n here_o the_o posterior_n infeftment_n be_v of_o the_o property_n and_o the_o prior_n obligement_n be_v to_o grant_v a_o annualrent_a which_o be_v to_o exceed_v the_o value_n of_o the_o property_n but_o where_o the_o prior_n debt_n bear_v a_o obligement_n to_o infeft_a in_o a_o annualrent_n general_o out_o of_o the_o debtor_n land_n the_o disposition_n of_o the_o property_n be_v reduce_v as_o posterior_n though_o upon_o a_o debt_n prio_fw-la jan._n 21._o 1629._o scot_n contra_fw-la turnbul_n and_o a_o inhibition_n be_v find_v not_o effectual_a against_o a_o postenor_n infeftment_n though_o it_o proceed_v upon_o a_o prior_n bond_n mere_o personal_a and_o bear_v no_o obligement_n to_o infeft_n hope_n inhibition_n laird_n of_o tillibairn_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o clunic_n inhibition_n be_v not_o find_v effectual_a against_o disposition_n posterior_n proceed_v upon_o bond_n prior_n bear_v obliegement_n to_o infeft_v general_o or_o particular_o july_n 22._o 1675._o sir_n george_n gordoun_n con_v seaton_n feb._n 6._o 1635_o ross_z con_v william_n dick._n but_o inhibition_n extend_v not_o to_o posterior_n renunciation_n of_o wodset_n which_o be_v deed_n necessary_a upon_o payment_n though_o the_o style_n of_o the_o inhibition_n bear_v renunciation_n july_n 16._o 1667._o mr._n john_n elleis_n con_v keith_n whereby_o creditor_n be_v much_o prejudge_v for_o remeid_v whereof_o the_o lord_n by_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la of_o the_o 19_o of_o feb._n 1680._o do_v declare_v that_o creditor_n use_v 〈◊〉_d against_o their_o debtor_n infeft_v in_o wodset_n or_o annualrent_a if_o they_o shall_v make_v intintation_n by_o instrument_n of_o a_o nottar_n to_o the_o person_n who_o have_v right_a to_o the_o reversion_n of_o the_o say_n wodsetts_n or_o annualrent_n that_o the_o wodsetter_n or_o annualrenter_fw-la stand_v inhibit_v at_o their_o instance_n and_o shall_v produce_v in_o presence_n of_o the_o party_n and_o nottar_n the_o inhibition_n due_o registrate_n that_o they_o will_v not_o sustain_v renunciation_n or_o grant_n of_o redemption_n although_o upon_o true_a payment_n not_o be_v make_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la but_o after_o intimation_n as_o aforesaid_a unless_o the_o redemption_n proceed_v by_o process_n whereunto_o the_o user_n of_o the_o inhibition_n must_v be_v call_v inhibitions_n must_v be_v execute_v by_o messenger_n as_o the_o style_n thereof_o bear_v against_o the_o person_n inhibit_v personal_o or_o at_o his_o dwelling-place_n and_o
fall_v by_o reduction_n or_o nullity_n of_o infeftment_n or_o retour_n 20._o burgage_n fall_v not_o in_o nonentrie_n as_o to_o the_o burgh_n or_o particular_a person_n 21._o the_o effect_n of_o the_o general_a declarator_n of_o nonentry_n 22._o the_o effect_n of_o nonentrie_n after_o citation_n in_o the_o general_a declarator_n 23._o exception_n against_o nonentry_n as_o to_o the_o feu-dutie_n or_o retoured_a mail_n 24._o exception_n against_o nonentrie_n as_o to_o the_o full_a rent_n 25._o whether_o nonentrie_n after_o ward_n require_v declarator_n 26._o the_o original_a of_o relief_n 27._o the_o custom_n of_o england_n and_o france_n as_o to_o relief_n 28._o the_o quantity_n of_o relief_n with_o we_o 29._o whether_o relief_n be_v due_a during_o nonentrie_n 30._o whether_o relief_n be_v due_a when_o the_o heir_n be_v enter_v whether_o the_o fee_n be_v burden_v with_o conjunct-fee_n or_o liferent_a 31._o relief_n stop_v not_o the_o heir_n seasine_n 32._o composition_n for_o the_o entry_n of_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n 33._o the_o original_a of_o ward_n 34._o the_o effect_n of_o ward_n as_o to_o the_o heir_n person_n 35._o the_o effect_n of_o ward_n as_o to_o the_o fee._n 36._o the_o restriction_n of_o ward_n 37._o the_o value_n of_o the_o marriage_n of_o heir_n of_o ward-vassal_n 38._o the_o true_a interest_n of_o superior_n in_o the_o marriage_n of_o their_o vassal_n 39_o the_o single_a value_n of_o marriage_n not_o penal_a but_o favourable_a 40._o double_o value_v penal_a and_o unfavourable_a with_o the_o exception_n against_o it_o 41._o single_a value_n find_v due_a where_o the_o heir_n be_v marry_v before_o his_o predecessor_n die_v by_o precipitation_n 42._o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o single_a value_n in_o heir_n male_a or_o female_a 43._o marriage_n be_v debitum_fw-la fundi_fw-la 44._o it_o belong_v to_o the_o elder_a superior_a 45._o the_o royal_a prerogative_n prefer_v the_o king_n to_o all_o other_o as_o to_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o vassal_n 46._o marriage_n be_v due_a by_o the_o heir_n of_o appryzer_n 47._o exception_n against_o the_o value_n of_o marriage_n 48._o the_o rise_n of_o liferent-escheat_n 49._o it_o extend_v to_o all_o kind_n of_o liferent_n 50._o liferent_n of_o fee_n not_o have_v infeftment_n or_o not_o owe_v fidelity_n to_o a_o subject_a belong_v to_o the_o king_n 51._o liferent_a escheat_n of_o sub-vassal_n to_o who_o they_o belong_v 52._o liferent_a escheat_n be_v not_o exclude_v by_o voluntary_a infeftment_n after_o denunciation_n not_o be_v for_o implement_n of_o a_o special_a obligement_n to_o infeft_v before_o denunciation_n 53._o liferent_a escheat_n be_v exclude_v by_o apprize_a for_o debt_n anterior_a to_o the_o rebellion_n there_o be_v infeftment_n or_o charge_v in_o cursu_fw-la rebellionis_fw-la 54._o liferent_a esche_n it_o extend_v not_o to_o burgage_n or_o mortification_n 55._o but_o extend_v to_o minister_n stipend_n 56._o liferent_a escheat_n be_v make_v effectual_a by_o declarator_n have_v now_o show_v what_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o vassal_n in_o the_o fee_n it_o will_v be_v the_o more_o easy_a to_o find_v out_o what_o the_o superior_n right_o of_o the_o superiority_n retain_v for_o what_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o fee_n and_o be_v not_o dispone_v to_o the_o vassal_n be_v reserve_v to_o the_o superior_a and_o it_o be_v either_o constitute_v as_o belong_v to_o the_o superior_a constant_o or_o casual_o 1._o the_o constant_a right_n of_o the_o superior_a stand_v main_o in_o these_o particular_n first_o superiority_n itself_o be_v dominium_fw-la directum_fw-la as_o the_o tenentry_n be_v but_o dominium_fw-la utile_fw-la as_o before_o be_v show_v and_o therefore_o the_o superior_a must_v be_v infeft_v as_o well_o as_o the_o vassal_n and_o that_o in_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n itself_o without_o mention_n of_o the_o superiority_n which_o follow_v but_o upon_o the_o concession_n of_o the_o fee_n in_o tenentry_n though_o sometime_o through_o the_o ignorance_n of_o writer_n infeftment_n bear_v express_o to_o be_v of_o the_o superiority_n 2._o only_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n as_o the_o common_a fountain_n of_o all_o right_n of_o the_o ground_n need_v no_o infeftment_n but_o have_v his_o right_n found_v in_o jure_fw-la communi_fw-la and_o be_v not_o feudal_n but_o allodial_a and_o when_o the_o right_a of_o land_n fall_v to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o casuality_n of_o his_o superiority_n as_o forefaulture_n recognition_n bastardy_n or_o last_o heir_n if_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o king_n they_o be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la consolidat_fw-la with_o the_o superiority_n and_o the_o declarator_n require_v thereanent_a do_v not_o constitute_v but_o declare_v the_o king_n right_o without_o prejudice_n of_o what_o be_v consume_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la but_o where_o they_o be_v not_o hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o king_n the_o right_a thereof_o be_v perfect_v by_o gift_n and_o presentation_n whereby_o the_o immediate_a superior_a be_v oblige_v to_o receive_v the_o donatar_n by_o infeftment_n like_a to_o that_o of_o his_o former_a vassal_n yet_o the_o king_n right_o by_o the_o casuality_n though_o it_o be_v not_o perfect_v be_v real_a and_o effectual_a against_o all_o singular_a successor_n whereby_o deed_n of_o treason_n and_o recognition_n be_v in_o fact_n ordinary_o prove_v by_o witness_n purchaser_n can_v be_v secure_v by_o any_o register_n and_o therefore_o must_v secure_v themselves_o by_o the_o king_n confirmation_n &_o novo_fw-la damus_fw-la but_o where_o the_o king_n succeed_v in_o any_o fee_n to_o a_o subject_a as_o to_o property_n or_o superiority_n before_o he_o can_v alienat_fw-la the_o same_o he_o must_v be_v serve_v heir_n in_o special_a thereunto_o so_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o be_v serve_v heir_n to_o queen_n ann_n his_o mother_n in_o the_o lordship_n of_o dumfermling_n in_o which_o king_n james_n infeft_v she_o in_o fee_n to_o she_o and_o her_o heir_n by_o a_o morning-gift_n the_o first_o day_n after_o his_o marriage_n with_o she_o and_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o be_v serve_v heir_n to_o charles_n duke_n of_o lennox_n in_o the_o earldom_n of_o lennox_n in_o which_o service_n the_o chancellor_n and_o fourteen_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v the_o inquest_n the_o young_a lord_n be_v leave_v out_o because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o more_o but_o fifteen_o but_o the_o king_n need_v no_o infeftment_n upon_o such_o retour_n but_o if_o he_o acquire_v any_o land_n hold_v immediate_o of_o himself_o the_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n must_v be_v registrat_n and_o if_o hold_v of_o a_o subject_a there_o arise_v no_o real_a right_n to_o a_o donatar_a till_o he_o be_v infeft_v upon_o the_o king_n presentation_n and_o his_o seasine_a registrat_n by_o both_o which_o the_o certainty_n of_o land-rights_a be_v preserve_v 3._o second_o superiority_n carry_v a_o right_a to_o all_o action_n follow_v the_o land_n against_o any_o other_o than_o the_o vassal_n for_o see_v superior_n be_v infeft_v in_o the_o land_n they_o can_v only_o be_v repel_v from_o such_o action_n by_o the_o right_n grant_v to_o their_o vassal_n but_o by_o no_o other_o and_o so_o may_v remove_v possessor_n who_o can_v show_v no_o right_n this_o be_v find_v though_o the_o superior_n infeftment_n bear_v he_o only_o to_o be_v infeft_v in_o the_o superiority_n of_o the_o land_n november_n 19_o 1624._o lag_a contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n 4._o if_o a_o superior_a become_v fire_n by_o succession_n or_o acquisition_n for_o establish_v the_o property_n in_o his_o person_n he_o may_v either_o be_v infeft_v upon_o his_o own_o precept_n or_o the_o king_n november_n 26._o 1668._o daughter_n of_o mr._n robert_n mortoun_n 5._o but_o a_o superior_a can_v interpose_v betwixt_o himself_o and_o his_o vassal_n by_o infeft_v another_o in_o the_o land_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o himself_o such_o infeftment_n be_v find_v null_a by_o exception_n january_n 30._o 1671._o dowglas_n of_o kelhead_n contra_fw-la vassal_n superior_n must_v receive_v and_o infeft_v their_o sub-vassal_n upon_o the_o refusal_n or_o incapacity_n of_o the_o vassal_n and_o may_v at_o any_o time_n after_o receive_v the_o immediate_a vassal_n or_o his_o successor_n or_o another_o if_o the_o immediate_a vassal_n right_o be_v extinct_a or_o acquire_v by_o the_o superior_a which_o be_v no_o unwarrantable_a interposition_n which_o be_v repel_v as_o contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o feudal_n contract_n and_o right_o it_o be_v inconsistent_a that_o the_o superior_a shall_v both_o give_v his_o superiority_n to_o another_o and_o claim_v it_o himself_o dans_fw-fr &_o retinens_fw-la nihil_fw-la that_fw-mi and_o if_o that_o be_v allow_v interpose_a vassal_n may_v be_v infinite_o multiply_v november_n 26._o 1672._o earl_n of_o argyle_n contra_fw-la mcleod_n in_o which_o case_n the_o late_a marquis_n of_o argyle_n be_v forefault_n mcleod_n who_o be_v argyles_n vassal_n be_v retour_v and_o infeft_v in_o the_o land_n as_o hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o king_n which_o do_v not_o hinder_v the_o king_n to_o interpose_v this_o
earl_n of_o argile_n as_o donatar_n to_o his_o father_n forefaulture_n see_v the_o king_n have_v do_v no_o deed_n to_o accept_v mcleod_n as_o his_o immediate_a vassal_n but_o that_o he_o be_v infeft_v by_o precept_n out_o of_o the_o chanclery_n pass_v of_o course_n 6._o superior_n nor_o their_o donatar_n need_v not_o instruct_v the_o superior_n right_a but_o the_o vassal_n must_v acknowledge_v it_o or_o disclaim_v he_o upon_o his_o peril_n so_o it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o casuality_n of_o marriage_n february_n 25._o 1662._o arbuthnet_n contra_fw-la keith_n which_o will_v not_o hold_v if_o the_o right_n of_o superiority_n be_v new_o acquire_v and_o no_o infeftment_n give_v to_o the_o vassal_n or_o his_o predecessor_n by_o virtue_n thereof_o the_o superior_n infeftment_n give_v he_o interest_n to_o pursue_v reduction_n and_o improbation_n against_o all_o party_n even_o against_o his_o own_o vassal_n who_o will_v be_v force_v to_o produce_v their_o right_n under_o the_o certification_n to_o be_v declare_v null_n or_o false_a and_o feign_a though_o when_o they_o be_v produce_v they_o may_v defend_v they_o 7._o superiority_n carry_v a_o right_a to_o the_o service_n and_o duty_n contain_v in_o the_o vassal_n reddendo_fw-la and_o that_o not_o only_o personal_o against_o the_o vassal_n upon_o any_o personal_a obligation_n or_o contract_n in_o write_n but_o also_o by_o virtue_n of_o intromission_n in_o meddle_v with_o the_o fruit_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n for_o all_o such_o intromettor_n may_v be_v pursue_v and_o distress_v personal_o for_o the_o duty_n contain_v in_o the_o reddendo_fw-la which_o be_v grant_v to_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n for_o their_o tack_v duty_n against_o tenant_n and_o all_o intromettor_n with_o the_o rent_n be_v much_o more_o competent_a to_o the_o superior_a for_o his_o feu-duty_n or_o other_o service_n in_o kind_n how_o far_o this_o will_v be_v extend_v to_o blensh-duty_n have_v be_v show_v in_o the_o former_a title_n and_o as_o to_o service_n which_o be_v annual_a as_o win_v and_o lead_v of_o peat_n etc._n etc._n these_o be_v not_o due_a if_o they_o be_v not_o require_v yearly_o in_o due_a time_n whether_o they_o be_v due_a by_o vassal_n to_o the_o superior_a or_o tenant_n to_o their_o master_n january_n penult_n 1624._o carnowsie_a contra_fw-la keith_n so_o service_n of_o harrage_n and_o carriage_n in_o a_o feu-duty_n be_v find_v not_o due_a but_o when_o demand_v within_o the_o year_n june_n 27._o 1662._o mr._n david_n watson_n contra_fw-la mr._n james_n elleis_n 8._o but_o also_o the_o superiority_n carry_v the_o right_a to_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o reddendo_fw-la real_o against_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o fee_n for_o which_o he_o have_v action_n of_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n against_o the_o vassal_n and_o all_o singular_a successor_n to_o he_o whereby_o he_o may_v appryze_v the_o good_n upon_o the_o ground_n or_o the_o ground-right_a and_o property_n of_o the_o land_n the_o say_n duty_n be_v liquidat_n upon_o repayment_n whereof_o the_o land_n be_v redeemable_a as_o in_o other_o appryzing_n 9_o superiority_n carry_v the_o right_a of_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o vassal_n land_n and_o inhabitant_n thereof_o if_o the_o same_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o superior_a in_o his_o own_o infeftment_n either_o implicit_o as_o be_v a_o barony_n lordship_n or_o earldom_n or_o express_o have_v the_o power_n of_o court_n and_o their_o issue_n and_o though_o the_o superior_a grant_v the_o same_o to_o the_o vassal_n yet_o that_o be_v not_o exclusive_a of_o his_o own_o right_n but_o cumulative_a therewith_o how_o far_o superiority_n carry_v the_o right_a of_o thirlage_n of_o the_o vassal_n land_n to_o their_o superior_n milns_n when_o the_o vassal_n have_v not_o grant_v to_o they_o the_o privilege_n of_o milns_n and_o multar_n will_v appear_v among_o servitude_n of_o which_o hereafter_o 10._o superiority_n carry_v all_o the_o casualty_n thereof_o require_v declarator_n to_o heir_n and_o singular_a successor_n hoc_fw-la ipso_fw-la that_o they_o have_v the_o superiority_n establish_v in_o their_o person_n and_o do_v not_o fall_v to_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o superior_a as_o to_o bygone_n before_o his_o death_n unless_o gift_v or_o liquidat_n by_o sentence_n march_v 5._o 1611._o dowglas_n contra_fw-la captain_n crawford_n february_n 19_o 1635._o cunninghame_n contra_fw-la stuart_n july_n 11._o 1673._o robert_n fa_fw-it contra_fw-la lord_n balmerino_n and_o laird_n of_o pourie_n but_o feu-duty_n or_o any_o casuality_n may_v be_v separate_a from_o the_o superiority_n by_o sentence_n or_o assignation_n and_o therefore_o a_o disposition_n of_o the_o superiority_n be_v find_v to_o imply_v a_o assignation_n to_o the_o feu-duty_n by-gone_a which_o be_v to_o the_o vassal_n himself_o need_v no_o intimation_n and_o be_v valid_a against_o a_o singular_a successor_n infeft_v in_o the_o land_n in_o superiority_n december_n 14._o 1676._o earl_n of_o argile_n contra_fw-la lord_n mcdonald_n 11._o a_o superior_a of_o kirk-land_n pursue_v his_o vassal_n for_o his_o reddendo_fw-la be_v not_o exclude_v till_o he_o instruct_v that_o he_o consent_v to_o the_o surrender_n conform_v to_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1633._o annex_v the_o superiority_n of_o kirk-land_n to_o the_o crown_n reserve_v the_o feu-duty_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o erection_n who_o consent_v to_o the_o surrender_n which_o be_v presume_v in_o possessorio_fw-la june_n 27._o 1662._o mr._n david_n watson_n contra_fw-la mr._n james_n elleis_n 12._o superior_n be_v oblige_v to_o receive_v appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n for_o a_o year_n duty_n albeit_o the_o superior_a allege_v a_o better_a right_o than_o the_o appryzer_n but_o the_o infeftment_n to_o bear_v salvo_fw-la jure_fw-la cujuslibet_fw-la &_o svo_fw-la july_n 4._o 1667._o george_n shein_n contra_fw-la james_n chrystie_n yet_o a_o superior_a have_v receive_v a_o appryzer_n be_v not_o find_v exclude_v from_o any_o right_n to_o the_o property_n though_o he_o make_v no_o reservation_n thereof_o see_v his_o receive_n be_v necessary_a july_n 19_o 1664._o hospital_n of_o glasgow_n contra_fw-la robert_n campbel_n but_o a_o superior_a be_v charge_v to_o receive_v a_o adjudger_n be_v find_v to_o have_v his_o option_n either_o to_o receive_v he_o for_o a_o year_n rent_n or_o to_o pay_v the_o sum_n adjudge_v for_o get_v assignation_n to_o the_o adjudication_n be_v redeemable_a by_o the_o vassal_n from_o the_o superior_a and_o without_o any_o year_n entry_n to_o be_v pay_v at_o redemption_n see_v the_o vassal_n be_v not_o change_v as_o be_v provide_v par._n 1439._o cap._n 36._o june_n 10._o 1671._o sir_n francis_n scot_n of_o thirlestain_n contra_fw-la lord_n drumlanerk_n 13._o and_o a_o superior_a be_v also_o oblige_v to_o receive_v a_o donatar_n upon_o the_o king_n presentation_n gratis_o without_o present_a payment_n of_o the_o nonentry_n duty_n till_o declarator_n and_o if_o he_o refuse_v he_o lose_v his_o superiority_n during_o his_o life_n june_n 25._o 1680._o laird_n of_o blair_n contra_fw-la lord_n montgomerie_n 14._o a_o superior_a must_v also_o receive_v his_o sub-vassal_n who_o his_o immediate_a vassal_n refuse_v to_o enter_v without_o further_a instruct_v of_o the_o vassal_n right_o but_o by_o receipt_n of_o the_o feu-duty_n by_o he_o as_o superior_a wherein_o the_o mediate_v superior_a supplet_fw-la vicem_fw-la of_o the_o immediate_a salvo_fw-la jure_fw-la june_n 28._o 1672._o menzies_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o 〈◊〉_d yet_o a_o superior_a can_v exclude_v a_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n within_o the_o legal_a from_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d till_o he_o pay_v a_o year_n rend_v december_n 3._o 1672._o mr._n hendry_n hay_o contra_fw-la earlstoun_n 15._o and_o if_o a_o superior_a or_o any_o to_o his_o behoof_n take_v the_o gift_n of_o his_o own_o ward_n he_o be_v find_v to_o have_v no_o interest_n to_o extend_v it_o further_o against_o his_o vissal_n infeft_v with_o absolute_a warrandice_n then_o to_o a_o proportional_a part_n of_o the_o composition_n and_o expense_n february_n 15._o 1665._o boyd_n of_o penkil_n cintra_fw-la tenant_n of_o carslooth_n the_o like_a where_o the_o ward_n have_v fall_v after_o the_o vassal_n right_o for_o if_o it_o have_v fall_v before_o he_o can_v have_v nothing_o december_n 1._o 1676._o lord_n lindsay_n contra_fw-la bargallon_n 16._o superior_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o receive_v upon_o resignation_n or_o by_o confirmation_n and_o have_v accept_v resignation_n it_o do_v not_o exclude_v the_o marriage_n of_o the_o resigner_n heir_n there_o be_v no_o infeftment_n upon_o the_o resignation_n before_o the_o resigner_n death_n november_n 14._o 1677._o sir_n william_n purves_n contra_fw-la strachan_n of_o kinadie_n 17._o superiority_n fall_v to_o more_o person_n do_v not_o oblige_v the_o vassal_n to_o take_v infeftment_n of_o they_o all_o but_o if_o heir_n portioner_n of_o the_o elder_a july_n 30._o 1678._o lady_n lus_o contra_fw-la inglis_n and_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n if_o the_o superiority_n fall_v to_o many_o singular_a successor_n by_o apprize_a or_o otherway_n the_o vassal_n
needs_o only_o take_v infeftment_n of_o the_o great_a interest_n 18._o the_o first_o and_o most_o common_a casuality_n of_o superiority_n be_v nonentry_n whereby_o the_o fee_n be_v void_a and_o no_o infeftment_n renew_v thereof_o through_o the_o vassal_n neglect_v be_v capable_a of_o entry_n thereto_o the_o profit_v thereof_o belong_v to_o the_o superior_a by_o the_o common_a feudal_n custom_n there_o be_v not_o only_o a_o investiture_n requisite_a at_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o fee_n but_o it_o behove_v to_o be_v renew_v either_o at_o the_o change_n of_o the_o vassal_n or_o at_o the_o change_n of_o the_o superior_a guidilinus_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la nov_fw-mi pars_fw-la 2._o cap._n 6._o zoesius_fw-la de_fw-la feudis_fw-la cap._n 12._o but_o our_o custom_n require_v no_o infeftment_n at_o the_o change_n of_o the_o superior_a but_o only_o at_o the_o change_n of_o the_o vassal_n for_o we_o require_v no_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n but_o fidelity_n itself_o be_v import_v due_a without_o a_o oath_n but_o elsewhere_o that_o oath_n be_v require_v and_o be_v personal_a it_o ought_v to_o be_v renew_v both_o at_o the_o change_n of_o the_o vassal_n and_o of_o the_o superior_a but_o with_o we_o there_o be_v no_o fee_n without_o infeftment_n nulla_fw-la sasina_fw-la nusla_fw-la terra_fw-la therefore_o the_o vassal_n must_v have_v the_o infeftment_n renew_v the_o renovation_n of_o infeftment_n to_o heir_n in_o france_n and_o england_n be_v not_o requisite_a but_o 〈◊〉_d sasit_fw-la 〈◊〉_d as_o they_o express_v it_o by_o which_o a_o special_a retour_fw-fr perfect_v the_o heir_n right_a in_o his_o fee_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o ease_n which_o be_v not_o consonant_a to_o the_o common_a feudal_n custom_n whereby_o if_o the_o vassal_n within_o year_n and_o day_n after_o his_o predecessor_n death_n require_v not_o to_o be_v enter_v by_o his_o superior_a and_o offer_v his_o fidelity_n he_o forefault_n his_o fee_n l._n 2._o feudorum_fw-la tit_n 24._o which_o severity_n we_o use_v not_o for_o the_o vassal_n lose_v not_o his_o fee_n by_o nonentry_n nor_o the_o whole_a fruit_n of_o it_o during_o that_o time_n but_o our_o custom_n be_v such_o if_o by_o any_o mean_v the_o fee_n be_v void_a the_o vassal_n right_o cease_v during_o that_o time_n and_o the_o fee_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o superior_a and_o therefore_o in_o retour_n to_o that_o article_n of_o the_o brieve_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o land_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o such_o a_o man_n superior_a and_o though_o the_o infeftment_n of_o the_o predecessor_n against_o other_o than_o the_o superior_a be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v the_o right_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o vassal_n as_o to_o his_o superior_a it_o have_v no_o effect_n at_o all_o after_o special_a declarator_n till_o the_o vassal_n enter_v the_o fee_n may_v be_v thus_o void_a first_o by_o the_o minority_n of_o the_o heir_n whereby_o he_o can_v enter_v by_o reason_n of_o ward_n but_o this_o be_v express_v by_o the_o name_n of_o ward_n and_o nonentry_n though_o it_o may_v signify_v the_o fee_n be_v void_a whether_o necessary_o or_o voluntary_o yet_o it_o be_v appropriate_a to_o the_o latter_a and_o contra_fw-la distinguish_v to_o ward_n the_o fee_n become_v void_a by_o the_o voluntary_a outly_v of_o the_o vassal_n heir_n or_o by_o the_o vassal_n resignation_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o superior_a for_o new_a infeftment_n to_o be_v give_v to_o himself_o or_o to_o any_o other_o for_o till_o that_o infeftment_n be_v take_v the_o fee_n be_v also_o in_o nonentry_n for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o resignation_n put_v the_o fee_n in_o the_o superior_n hand_n upon_o who_o there_o be_v a_o obligement_n to_o renew_v the_o infeftment_n to_o the_o person_n in_o who_o favour_n the_o resignation_n be_v grant_v upon_o which_o he_o may_v be_v compel_v by_o a_o personal_a action_n so_o to_o do_v and_o which_o be_v carry_v to_o that_o person_n heir_n by_o a_o general_a service_n as_o other_o personal_a heritable_a right_n or_o disposition_n 19_o or_o by_o the_o reduction_n or_o nullity_n of_o the_o infeftment_n or_o retour_fw-fr of_o any_o person_n former_o infeft_v which_o be_v more_o rigorous_a than_o the_o rest_n see_v the_o vassal_n have_v thereby_o a_o colourable_a title_n and_o be_v bonae_fw-la fidei_fw-la possessor_n see_v reduction_n use_v not_o to_o be_v draw_v back_o adpraeterita_fw-la so_o reduction_n of_o retour_n be_v sustain_v at_o the_o superior_n instance_n to_o give_v he_o the_o benefit_n of_o nonentry_n july_n 12._o 1625._o lord_n cathcart_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o kerse_n februany_n last_o 1628._o earl_n of_o nithisdail_n contra_fw-la westraw_n and_o therefore_o it_o must_v be_v consider_v what_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n will_v import_v if_o nonentry_n have_v its_o rise_n from_o ingratitude_n or_o a_o penalty_n with_o we_o by_o the_o negligence_n of_o the_o vassal_n it_o can_v hardly_o take_v place_n in_o this_o case_n for_o unless_o such_o infeftment_n have_v proceed_v upon_o the_o fraud_n or_o gross_a ignorance_n of_o the_o vassal_n himself_o it_o can_v not_o be_v call_v voluntary_a nonentry_n which_o stand_v upon_o some_o informality_n unknown_a to_o the_o vassal_n or_o his_o predecessor_n but_o see_v the_o ground_n of_o this_o nonentry_n be_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n which_o can_v consist_v without_o infeftment_n therefore_o by_o such_o nullity_n it_o must_v follow_v that_o while_o there_o be_v no_o infeftment_n or_o a_o nats_n infeftment_n the_o vassal_n have_v no_o interest_n neither_o will_v there_o be_v hazard_n of_o rigour_n because_o it_o can_v but_o extend_v to_o the_o retoured_a duty_n and_o be_v eleided_a by_o all_o the_o way_n that_o other_o non-entry_n be_v and_o special_o by_o the_o superior_n homologation_n of_o the_o infeftment_n if_o the_o nullity_n be_v in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o superior_a as_o when_o land_n be_v retour_v to_o less_o retour_fw-fr mail_n than_o the_o due_a or_o feu-duty_n or_o other_o duty_n in_o the_o reddenda_fw-la be_v diminish_v for_o it_o be_v not_o rare_a that_o that_o which_o be_v null_a as_o to_o some_o person_n and_o case_n may_v be_v valid_a as_o to_o other_o from_o these_o nullity_n be_v injury_n to_o the_o superior_a nonentry_n will_v follow_v if_o there_o be_v no_o valid_a seasine_n then_o nonentry_n will_v take_v place_n though_o charter_n and_o precept_n be_v grant_v voluntary_o see_v seasine_n be_v not_o take_v thereupon_o 20._o nonentry_n take_v place_n whenever_o the_o fee_n be_v void_a whether_o it_o be_v hold_v ward_n blanch_n or_o feu_n but_o that_o which_o be_v hold_v in_o burgage_n or_o be_v mortify_v require_v no_o renovation_n of_o the_o infeftment_n because_o society_n and_o incorporation_n die_v not_o which_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o particular_a tenement_n within_o burgh_n hold_v burgage_n which_o be_v thereby_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o burgh_n give_v the_o infeftment_n as_o his_o baily_n 21._o the_o effect_n of_o nonentry_n be_v attain_v by_o a_o declarator_n of_o nonentry_n the_o style_n whereof_o bear_v that_o the_o tenement_n be_v void_a by_o the_o death_n of_o such_o a_o person_n who_o die_v last_o infeft_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v so_o declare_v and_o that_o the_o fruit_n and_o profit_n thereof_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o superior_a by_o reason_n of_o nonentry_n yet_o because_o the_o case_n of_o the_o vassal_n be_v favourable_a decreet_a be_v only_o grant_v declare_v the_o nonentry_n and_o find_v only_o the_o feu-duty_n due_a in_o land_n hold_v feu_n july_n 19_o 1631._o earl_n of_o kinghorn_n contra_fw-la george_n strang_n or_o the_o retoured_a male_n in_o land_n hold_v ward_n or_o blansh_a which_o have_v any_o such_o retour_fw-fr or_o otherways_o the_o whole_a duty_n of_o the_o fee_n be_v carry_v the_o reason_n hereof_o be_v because_o feve_n be_v location_n and_o the_o feu-duty_n be_v the_o rent_n or_o pension_n and_o therefore_o in_o favorabilibus_fw-la that_o be_v interpret_v to_o be_v the_o rent_n so_o likewise_o in_o other_o land_n the_o retour_fw-fr be_v a_o valuation_n of_o the_o land_n as_o they_o be_v worth_a and_o pay_v at_o that_o time_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v call_v the_o old_a extent_n and_o it_o be_v express_v by_o merk-land_n or_o pound-land_n the_o other_o be_v the_o new_a retour_fw-fr which_o though_o it_o be_v different_a in_o divers_a shire_n yet_o be_v once_o a_o rent_n in_o this_o favourable_a case_n the_o general_a declarator_n reach_v no_o further_o yea_o though_o there_o be_v no_o retour_fw-fr of_o the_o particular_a parcel_n of_o land_n in_o question_n yet_o if_o there_o be_v a_o retour_fw-fr of_o the_o tenement_n or_o barony_n whereof_o it_o be_v a_o part_n that_o common_a retour_fw-fr will_n be_v divide_v according_a to_o the_o present_a rent_n and_o a_o proportion_n thereof_o state_v upon_o this_o parcel_n as_o its_o retour_fw-fr as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o former_a case_n earl_n of_o kinghorn_n
exclude_v nonentry_n while_o they_o be_v allow_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o there_o be_v also_o show_v neither_o be_v it_o exclude_v by_o tact_n set_v by_o the_o vassal_n which_o though_o they_o stand_v as_o real_a right_n against_o purchaser_n by_o statute_n yet_o have_v no_o effect_n against_o superior_n in_o prejudice_n of_o their_o proper_a casualty_n neither_o be_v it_o elide_v by_o charter_n or_o precept_n grant_v by_o the_o superior_a though_o contain_v warrandice_n till_o infeftment_n thereupon_o march_v 20._o 1630._o john_n hay_o contra_fw-la laird_n of_o achname_n neither_o be_v it_o exclude_v by_o appryse_v and_o charge_v thereupon_o without_o offer_n of_o a_o year_n rend_v of_o the_o land_n or_o annualrent_a of_o the_o money_n feb._n 3._o 1681._o hendry_n keir_n contra_fw-la hendryson_n neither_o be_v it_o exclude_v because_o the_o vassal_n be_v not_o in_o mora_fw-la be_v hinder_v by_o a_o question_n of_o bastardy_n against_o he_o spot_n nonentry_n 〈…〉_z contra_fw-la naiper_n of_o wrightshouses_n nor_o do_v the_o vassal_n minority_n stop_v nonentry_n of_o land_n not_o be_v ward_n nor_o restore_v the_o minor_a as_o lese_v for_o as_o have_v be_v now_o show_v it_o be_v not_o the_o negligence_n of_o the_o vassal_n but_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n that_o infer_v nonentry_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n if_o it_o be_v by_o the_o superior_n fault_n it_o will_v be_v a_o personal_a exclusion_n against_o he_o nonentry_n be_v most_o favourable_a when_o extend_v as_o to_o the_o retoured_a duty_n but_o as_o to_o the_o full_a rent_n it_o be_v capable_a of_o many_o other_o exception_n and_o do_v not_o always_o run_v from_o the_o citation_n in_o the_o general_n declarator_n as_o if_o a_o superior_a raise_v his_o declarator_n and_o also_o reduction_n of_o the_o vassal_n seasine_n though_o he_o reduce_v the_o seasine_a he_o will_v not_o have_v the_o full_a rent_n till_o the_o decreet_a of_o reduction_n and_o declarator_n novemb_n 26_o 1672._o earl_n of_o argyle_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o macleud_n yea_o if_o the_o superior_a do_v not_o insist_v but_o only_o use_v citation_n which_o may_v be_v at_o the_o vassal_n dwell_v house_n and_o never_o come_v to_o knowledge_n or_o the_o vassal_n be_v a_o pupil_n without_o any_o tutor_n it_o be_v not_o like_o the_o lord_n will_v sustain_v the_o whole_a duty_n from_o the_o citation_n but_o from_o the_o time_n the_o vassal_n become_v contumacious_a and_o queensberry_n have_v interpose_v kelhead_n betwixt_o he_o and_o his_o vassal_n who_o thereupon_o pursue_v declarator_n of_o nonentry_n though_o the_o infeftment_n be_v find_v null_a yet_o the_o disposition_n be_v find_v to_o carry_v a_o gift_n to_o the_o casualty_n of_o the_o superiority_n and_o the_o vassal_n be_v only_o find_v liable_a for_o the_o rent_n after_o the_o interloquitor_n sustain_v the_o disposition_n as_o a_o gift_n of_o nonentry_n and_o where_o a_o tailzie_n be_v find_v to_o exclude_v a_o second_o branch_n so_o long_o as_o there_o be_v hope_n of_o a_o former_a branch_n the_o land_n be_v find_v in_o nonentry_n as_o to_o the_o retoured_a mail_n but_o not_o as_o to_o the_o full_a rent_n see_v the_o heir_n do_v not_o forbear_v to_o enter_v through_o wilfulness_n but_o of_o necessity_n julie_n 24._o 1677._o lord_n melvil_n and_o david_n melvil_n his_o son_n contra_fw-la sir_n william_n bruce_n and_o where_o a_o singular_a successor_n to_o the_o superior_a pursue_v nonentry_n it_o be_v not_o sustain_v till_o he_o produce_v his_o progress_n from_o the_o acknowledge_v superior_a the_o full_a duty_n be_v not_o find_v due_a from_o the_o citation_n julie_n 18._o 1680._o earl_n of_o queensberry_n contra_fw-la irwin_n of_o cove_n and_o craig_n relate_v that_o where_o the_o defunct_a die_v in_o battle_n for_o his_o superior_a nonentry_n shall_v have_v no_o place_n we_o shall_v not_o here_o speak_v of_o common_a exception_n which_o extinguish_v all_o right_n as_o prescription_n homologation_n or_o the_o privilege_n of_o these_o who_o be_v absent_a reipublicae_fw-la causa_fw-la as_o to_o the_o question_n whether_o nonentry_n subsequent_a to_o ward_n whereby_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o donatar_n be_v in_o possession_n require_v any_o declarator_n craig_n and_o skeen_n upon_o the_o word_n nonentry_n be_v for_o the_o negative_a and_o since_o had._n and_o durie_n observe_v march_v 23._o 1622._o lesly_n contra_fw-la pitcaple_n that_o the_o lord_n find_v that_o where_o the_o superior_a pursue_v both_o for_o the_o ward_n and_o subsequent_a nonentry_n that_o he_o or_o his_o donatar_n not_o be_v in_o possession_n by_o the_o ward_n behove_v to_o declare_v the_o nonentry_n which_o will_v only_o carry_v the_o retoured_a mail_n till_o declarator_n the_o next_o casuality_n of_o the_o superiority_n be_v the_o relief_n due_a by_o the_o vassal_n to_o his_o superior_a for_o his_o enter_v he_o in_o the_o fie_o as_o the_o lawful_a successor_n of_o the_o vassal_n and_o though_o relee_v be_v only_o considerable_a in_o ward-holdings_a and_o use_n to_o be_v subjoin_v to_o ward_n yet_o all_o fies_z which_o require_v renovation_n be_v liable_a to_o relief_n and_o therefore_o relief_n be_v here_o immediate_o subjoin_v to_o nonentry_n 26._o relief_n be_v general_o treat_v upon_o by_o the_o fewdists_n the_o original_a whereof_o cujace_n ascribe_v to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o emperor_n leo_n extant_a in_o the_o novel_n bear_v it_o to_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o several_a place_n that_o the_o superior_a shall_v have_v that_o year_n rend_v in_o which_o he_o receive_v a_o new_a vassal_n in_o his_o clientel_n which_o therefore_o by_o most_o of_o the_o feudal_n custom_n be_v extend_v to_o the_o singular_a successor_n of_o the_o vassal_n who_o in_o some_o place_n pay_v for_o their_o entry_n the_o five_o of_o the_o price_n of_o the_o fie_o and_o a_o five_o of_o that_o five_o whereby_o if_o the_o price_n be_v 100_o crown_n the_o composition_n for_o the_o entry_n will_v be_v 24._o crown_n 27._o but_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n and_o france_n the_o heir_n of_o the_o vassal_n if_o he_o be_v minor_a pay_v no_o relief_n but_o he_o and_o his_o fie_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o superior_a as_o in_o ward_n or_o custody_n whereby_o the_o superior_a have_v the_o whole_a profit_n more_o than_o be_v fit_a for_o the_o education_n and_o entertainment_n of_o the_o minor_a valsal_n which_o cease_v with_o his_o majority_n and_o there_o be_v no_o relief_n due_a but_o if_o the_o vassal_n heir_n at_o his_o death_n be_v major_a his_o fie_o be_v liable_a to_o his_o superior_a for_o relief_n which_o distinction_n be_v mention_v in_o the_o english_a magna_fw-la charta_fw-la the_o quantity_n of_o the_o relief_n by_o heir_n in_o england_n be_v in_o ward-holdings_a or_o military_a fies_z 100_o pound_n sterling_a for_o a_o earldom_n 100_o mark_n for_o a_o baronry_n and_o 100_o shilling_n for_o any_o other_o military_a fie_o which_o be_v oblige_v to_o maintain_v one_o soldier_n and_o if_o the_o fie_o be_v less_o and_o liable_a only_o for_o a_o share_n of_o the_o entertainment_n of_o a_o soldier_n it_o be_v liable_a proportional_o relief_n by_o the_o custom_n of_o france_n be_v for_o a_o barony_n 100_o frank_n and_o for_o any_o other_o military_a fie_o 15._o but_o if_o it_o answer_v not_o to_o the_o entertainment_n of_o one_o soldier_n it_o pay_v for_o every_o aiker_n 12._o denier_n but_o if_o it_o be_v not_o a_o military_a fie_o but_o that_o which_o the_o english_a call_v sockage_n the_o reddendo_fw-la whereof_o be_v not_o military_a service_n but_o some_o other_o payment_n or_o performance_n which_o be_v double_v the_o first_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o vassal_n the_o one_o half_a thereof_o be_v the_o relief_n which_o be_v a_o real_a burden_n for_o which_o the_o superior_a may_v poynd_v or_o distrenzie_a all_o good_n upon_o the_o ground_n but_o as_o to_o singular_a successor_n the_o most_o ancient_a feudal_n custom_n make_v they_o only_o to_o descend_v to_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o first_o vassal_n who_o collateral_n have_v no_o right_n but_o be_v like_o our_o kindly_a tenant_n by_o the_o propinquity_n of_o blood_n yet_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o superior_a they_o be_v ofttimes_o admit_v in_o the_o lie_n and_o be_v only_o liable_a for_o relief_n if_o the_o superior_a do_v receive_v a_o stranger_n upon_o the_o resignation_n of_o his_o vassal_n he_o be_v to_o pay_v a_o relief_n which_o in_o some_o place_n be_v the_o fifty_o part_n of_o the_o price_n and_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o france_n it_o be_v the_o thirteen_o part_n from_o the_o original_a of_o relief_n the_o reason_n of_o its_o name_n may_v be_v conjecture_v and_o these_o who_o appropriate_v it_o to_o ward-holdings_a interpret_v it_o to_o be_v call_v relief_n from_o redeem_v or_o relieve_v the_o fie_v out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o superior_a but_o relief_n be_v a_o general_a feudal_n name_n and_o many_o nation_n not_o allow_v the_o
right_n do_v take_v off_o from_o he_o the_o ward_n if_o the_o right_n be_v feu_n only_o general_o without_o mention_n of_o the_o ward_n see_v the_o act_n 1606._o do_v only_o annul_v feve_v set_v by_o vassal_n hold_v ward_n of_o subject_n without_o their_o superior_n consent_n which_o be_v so_o find_v albeit_o the_o feu_n be_v under_o reversion_n that_o it_o be_v free_a of_o the_o ward_n and_o marriage_n of_o the_o vassal_n as_o to_o the_o subvassal_n fever_n but_o do_v only_o affect_v the_o vassal_n interest_n viz._n the_o feu_fw-fr duty_n reversion_n and_o back-tack_n july_n 2._o 1672._o earl_n of_o eglintoun_n contra_fw-la the_o laird_n greenock_n ward_n be_v also_o restrain_v by_o the_o terce_n and_o liferent_a of_o husband_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o scotland_n both_o which_o be_v introduce_v by_o law_n and_o be_v valid_a without_o the_o superior_n consent_n but_o rental_n and_o tack_n set_v by_o the_o vassal_n have_v only_o this_o effect_n against_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o donatar_n that_o the_o tenant_n or_o labourer_n shall_v not_o be_v remove_v till_o the_o next_o whitsonday_n after_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o ward_n pay_v the_o old_a accustom_a duty_n par._n 1491._o cap._n 26._o but_o then_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o donatar_n may_v remove_v they_o notwithstanding_o their_o tack_n be_v unexpired_a which_o therefore_o sleep_n during_o the_o ward_n but_o revive_v against_o the_o setter_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o endure_v as_o many_o year_n after_o the_o ward_n as_o they_o be_v exclude_v by_o the_o ward_n sinclar_n may_v 21._o 1549._o laird_n of_o durie_n contra_fw-la robert_n stevart_n ledingtoun_n december_n 16._o 1569._o king_n donatar_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o drorgan_n july_n 4._o 1611._o laird_n of_o couter_n contra_fw-la where_o also_o the_o terce_n be_v find_v relevant_a to_o exclude_v the_o superior_a yet_o ward_n be_v not_o exclude_v by_o annualrent_n hold_v of_o the_o vassal_n march_v 11._o 1629._o james_n weyms_n contra_fw-la kincraig_n but_o now_o since_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1606._o prohibit_v feve_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o superior_a these_o do_v not_o exclude_v the_o ward_n or_o other_o casualty_n of_o the_o superiority_n as_o to_o fee_n not_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n which_o be_v even_o extend_v to_o the_o fee_n hold_v of_o the_o prince_n hope_n ward_n lady_n cathcart_n contra_fw-la vassal_n of_o cathcart_n and_o after_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1633._o extend_v the_o foresay_a act_n to_o ward-land_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n feve_v then_o grant_v till_o the_o year_n 1641._o when_o the_o effect_n of_o that_o act_n be_v before_o suspend_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1640._o be_v take_v away_o and_o so_o feve_v of_o land_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n be_v valid_a till_o the_o rescissory_a act_n 1661._o whereby_o the_o say_a parliament_n 1641._o be_v rescind_v par._n 1661._o cap._n 15._o so_o that_o now_o feve_v of_o land_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n prince_z or_o any_o other_o superior_a without_o their_o consent_n do_v not_o exclude_v it_o or_o other_o casualty_n of_o the_o superiority_n except_o such_o feve_v as_o be_v grant_v the_o several_a time_n they_o be_v allow_v by_o law_n but_o a_o charter_n upon_o a_o apprize_n do_v exclude_v the_o ward_n though_o no_o infeftment_n be_v take_v thereupon_o during_o the_o vassal_n life_n as_o hope_n observe_v title_n ward_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o newburgh_n because_o the_o superior_n charter_n without_o seasine_n do_v import_v a_o gift_n of_o the_o casualty_n which_o may_v befall_v to_o the_o superior_a and_o he_o there_o observe_v that_o a_o ward_n be_v exclude_v by_o apprize_a and_o infeftment_n thereupon_o whereby_o the_o defunct_a be_v denude_v albeit_o it_o be_v to_o the_o behoof_n of_o his_o heir_n laird_n of_o ley_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o barro_n during_o the_o legal_a the_o superior_a or_o donatar_a as_o before_o the_o infeftment_n upon_o the_o appryse_v they_o may_v pay_v the_o appryzer_n and_o take_v his_o right_n so_o after_o they_o may_v redeem_v he_o and_o exclude_v he_o it_o be_v against_o reason_n that_o by_o apprize_a suppose_v of_o a_o great_a tenement_n for_o a_o small_a debt_n the_o superior_a shall_v be_v simple_o exclude_v and_o it_o may_v be_v upon_o design_n if_o a_o appryzer_n possess_v his_o ward_n fall_v and_o not_o the_o former_a vassal_n though_o the_o legal_a be_v not_o expire_v but_o after_o the_o ward_n be_v fall_v though_o the_o superior_a receive_v a_o appryzer_n apprize_a from_o the_o heir_n without_o protestation_n yet_o it_o be_v find_v not_o to_o prejudge_v the_o ward_n by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o former_a vassal_n july_n 9_o 1664._o hospital_n of_o glasgow_n contra_fw-la robert_n campbel_n but_o a_o superior_a be_v not_o exclude_v from_o the_o ward_n by_o his_o vassalt_n death_n because_o a_o appryzer_n have_v charge_v he_o to_o enter_v he_o during_o that_o vassal_n life_n see_v that_o charge_n can_v not_o make_v the_o apprizer_n vassal_n by_o who_o death_n ward_n will_v fall_v and_o thereby_o make_v the_o superior_a lose_v this_o casuality_n by_o the_o death_n of_o both_o the_o old_a vassal_n and_o the_o appryzer_n unless_o the_o superior_a have_v be_v in_o mora_fw-la aut_fw-la culpa_fw-la which_o be_v not_o find_v unless_o a_o year_n rend_v of_o the_o land_n or_o annualrent_a of_o the_o money_n and_o a_o charter_n be_v offer_v with_o a_o bond_n to_o pay_v what_o further_o the_o lord_n shall_v modify_v february_n 19_o 1669._o black_a contra_fw-la david_n trinch_n if_o a_o apprize_a be_v satisfy_v or_o extinct_a by_o intromission_n the_o ward-land_n apprise_v become_v in_o the_o superior_n hand_n by_o ward_n till_o the_o majority_n of_o the_o heir_n july_n 20._o 1671._o lindsay_n of_o mount_n contra_fw-la maxwel_n of_o kirkonel_n in_o which_o case_n the_o appryzer_n be_v not_o find_v oblige_v to_o restrict_n to_o his_o annualrent_n to_o the_o effect_n that_o the_o donatar_n of_o ward_n may_v have_v the_o superplus_n by_o the_o act_n of_o parl_n 1661._o cap._n 62._o betwixt_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n whereby_o there_o be_v a_o power_n give_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n to_o cause_n appryzers_n restrict_n to_o their_o annualrent_n which_o be_v only_o personal_a in_o favour_n of_o the_o debtor_n if_o he_o demand_v it_o the_o benefit_n of_o ward_n be_v also_o burden_a with_o the_o mentainance_n and_o sustentation_n of_o the_o heir_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o foresay_a act_n 1491._o cap._n 25_o whereby_o a_o reasonable_a sustentation_n according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o heritage_n be_v appoint_v to_o the_o heir_n if_o he_o have_v not_o land_n blensh_fw-mi or_o feu_fw-fr to_o sustain_v he_o and_o that_o by_o the_o superior_a and_o his_o donatar_n and_o conjunctfiar_n and_o liferenter_n of_o his_o estate_n the_o quantity_n whereof_o be_v to_o be_v modify_v by_o the_o lord_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o so_o find_v not_o only_a when_o the_o heir_n have_v no_o mean_n but_o though_o he_o have_v if_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o entertain_v he_o the_o superplus_n be_v modify_v out_o of_o the_o ward-land_n and_o land_n liferent_v proportionable_o march_v 16._o 1622._o heir_n of_o miltoun_n contra_fw-la calderwood_n we_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o of_o the_o aliment_n of_o heir_n by_o ward_n superior_n or_o their_o donatar_n in_o this_o place_n but_o you_o may_v see_v it_o in_o its_o proper_a place_n title_n 27._o section_n three_o thus_o it_o appear_v in_o what_o way_n the_o casuality_n of_o ward_n be_v exclude_v burden_v or_o restrict_v be_v always_o by_o law_n or_o by_o the_o consent_n and_o deed_n of_o the_o superior_a but_o no_o private_a deed_n of_o the_o vassal_n without_o the_o superior_n consent_n or_o appointment_n of_o law_n can_v burden_v the_o fee_n when_o it_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o superior_a by_o ward_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o servitude_n introduce_v by_o the_o vassal_n as_o thirlage_n way_n and_o the_o like_a be_v not_o effectual_a against_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o donatar_n when_o the_o fee_n be_v in_o their_o hand_n unless_o such_o servitude_n be_v introduce_v by_o prescription_n of_o forty_o year_n or_o immemorial_n possession_n whereunto_o all_o party_n have_v interest_n their_o consent_n be_v presume_v and_o therefore_o in_o that_o case_n there_o be_v more_o ground_n for_o sustain_v of_o the_o servitude_n even_o against_o the_o superior_a who_o may_v at_o least_o have_v use_v civil_a interruption_n march_n set_v by_o the_o vassal_n of_o consent_n or_o by_o cognition_n whereto_o the_o superior_a be_v not_o call_v have_v no_o effect_n in_o his_o prejudice_n during_o the_o ward_n feb._n 8._o 1662._o lord_n torphichen_n contra_fw-la as_o to_z the_o personal_a debt_n of_o the_o vassal_n whether_o heritable_a or_o movable_a they_o do_v not_o affect_v the_o fee_n though_o in_o ward_n albeit_o craig_n dieges_n 20._o relate_v that_o of_o
but_o upon_o the_o vassal_n rebellion_n and_o disobedience_n to_o law_n which_o be_v not_o against_o the_o superior_a or_o any_o delinquence_n against_o the_o feudal_a contract_n the_o vassal_n liferent_a escheat_n give_v the_o superior_a no_o more_o than_o the_o vassal_n himself_o have_v the_o time_n of_o his_o denunciation_n and_o so_o all_o real_a right_n complete_a by_o possession_n whether_o infeftment_n or_o tack_n be_v not_o prejudge_v by_o the_o subsequent_a life-rent_a escheat_n as_o be_v find_v january_n 19_o 1672._o mr._n william_n beatoun_n contra_fw-la scot_n of_o letham_n in_o feve_n so_o far_o as_o be_v allow_v by_o law_n the_o vassal_n life-rent_a will_v reach_v no_o more_o than_o the_o feu-duty_n of_o feve_n set_v by_o the_o vassal_n before_o his_o denunciation_n but_o any_o subaltern_a base_a infeftment_n not_o clad_v with_o possession_n before_o rebellion_n be_v exclude_v by_o the_o life-rent_a march_v 19_o 1633._o laird_n of_o rentoun_n con_v blackcader_n feb._n 21._o 1667._o robert_n miln_n con_v clerkson_n in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v find_v that_o possession_n not_o be_v attain_v in_o cursu_fw-la rebellionis_fw-la during_o the_o year_n it_o be_v not_o effectual_a if_o a_o 〈◊〉_d be_v set_v without_o diminution_n of_o the_o rental_a for_o the_o old_a tack-dutie_n it_o will_v not_o be_v exclude_v by_o the_o life-rent_a though_o it_o be_v set_v after_o denunciation_n as_o be_v find_v in_o a_o tack_v after_o denunciation_n within_o the_o year_n hope_n horning_n charter_n contra_fw-la mclelland_n spot_n escheat_n tillibairn_n contra_fw-la dalziel_n the_o like_a of_o a_o tack_v set_v to_o a_o kindly_a tenant_n hope_n horning_n paton_n contra_fw-la drumrash_n for_o in_o such_o case_n set_v of_o tack_n be_v a_o necessary_a administration_n for_o the_o good_a of_o both_o superior_a and_o vassal_n and_o to_o shun_v debate_n concern_v prejudice_n and_o unanswerable_a tack-duty_n as_o in_o other_o case_n of_o administration_n of_o benefice_a person_n so_o if_o there_o tack_n be_v set_v without_o diminution_n of_o the_o rental_a they_o be_v good_a 54._o liferent-escheat_n extend_v itself_o to_o all_o fee_n whether_o hold_v ward_n blensh_fw-mi or_o feu_fw-fr but_o not_o to_o burgage_n and_o mortification_n because_o the_o fire_n be_v a_o society_n and_o incorporation_n which_o die_v not_o and_o therefore_o have_v no_o liferent-escheat_n and_o though_o denunciation_n may_v be_v use_v against_o the_o person_n administrate_v the_o same_o even_o for_o that_o which_o be_v due_a by_o the_o incorporation_n and_o as_o they_o represent_v it_o yet_o that_o be_v suppose_v their_o fault_n and_o negligence_n do_v not_o prejudge_v the_o society_n as_o magistrate_n of_o burgh_n master_n of_o college_n incumbent_n in_o common_a or_o collegiat_fw-la kirk_n chapter_n or_o convent_v sede_fw-la vacant_a 55._o but_o where_o a_o benefice_a person_n have_v a_o distinct_a benefice_n or_o a_o stipendiary_a be_v denunce_v for_o his_o own_o debt_n his_o liferent-escheat_n fall_v and_o therewith_o the_o profit_n during_o his_o life_n or_o incumbency_n because_o though_o the_o fee_n be_v not_o in_o he_o yet_o he_o have_v a_o distinct_a liferent_a thereof_o which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o the_o former_a case_n where_o both_o fee_n and_o profit_n be_v in_o the_o society_n 56._o liferent-escheat_n be_v make_v effectual_a by_o a_o general_a declarator_n find_v the_o vassal_n to_o be_v denunce_v and_o year_n and_o day_n pass_v by_o production_n of_o the_o horning_n but_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n to_o prove_v he_o vassal_n unless_o he_o be_v a_o singular_a successor_n in_o the_o superiority_n not_o acknowledge_v by_o the_o vassal_n or_o in_o case_n the_o vassal_n disclaim_v herein_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o profit_n but_o this_o declarator_n be_v obtain_v the_o fee_n be_v void_a from_o the_o denunciation_n and_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o donatar_n have_v access_n to_o the_o mail_n and_o duty_n thereof_o and_o to_o set_v and_o remove_v the_o same_o and_o to_o do_v all_o deed_n accustom_v by_o the_o vassal_n himself_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o ward_n this_o use_v to_o be_v do_v by_o a_o special_a declarator_n which_o be_v now_o accustom_a to_o be_v in_o one_o process_n with_o the_o general_a declarator_n as_o to_o the_o profit_n vide_fw-la title_n 25._o title_n xv._n annualrent_n where_o of_o pension_n and_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n 1._o description_n of_o annualrent_a 2._o therise_v of_o annualrent_fw-la 3._o the_o manner_n of_o constitute_v annualrent_n 4._o the_o kind_n of_o hold_v of_o annualrent_n 5._o liferent-escheat_n of_o annualrenter_n 6._o kind_n of_o annualrent_n among_o the_o english_a 7._o the_o difference_n of_o feu_n annual_n ground_n annual_n and_o top_n annual_n 8._o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n 9_o the_o extent_n thereof_o 10._o who_o must_v be_v cite_v in_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n 11._o the_o effect_n of_o poind_v the_o ground_n as_o to_o ground_n right_n 12._o the_o order_n of_o poind_v movable_n by_o several_a annualrenter_n 13._o annualrent_n be_v effectual_a personal_o against_o intrometter_n 14._o annualrent_n be_v movable_a as_o to_o bygones_fw-la 15._o extinction_n of_o annualrent_n 16._o ecclesiastic_a pension_n affect_v the_o benefice_n 17._o pension_n by_o secular_a person_n how_o far_o effectual_a 18._o the_o king_n pension_n be_v not_o arrestable_a whether_o annualrent_a by_o infeftment_n be_v a_o distinct_a right_n of_o property_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v only_o a_o servitude_n upon_o the_o ground_n leave_v the_o name_n of_o property_n to_o the_o ground_n right_o as_o craig_n esteem_v l._n 1._o dieges_fw-fr 10._o §_o last_o it_o be_v not_o worth_a much_o debate_n but_o in_o either_o case_n it_o fall_v fit_o here_o under_o consideration_n after_o property_n and_o superiority_n and_o before_o unquestionable_a servitude_n 1._o annualrent_a be_v so_o call_v because_o it_o return_v to_o be_v pay_v every_o year_n at_o one_o or_o two_o term_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v call_v rent_n and_o because_o it_o be_v yearly_o so_o pay_v it_o be_v call_v annualrent_n the_o english_a extend_v these_o rent_n to_o rent_n due_a by_o lease_n or_o tack_v but_o with_o we_o annualrent_n be_v only_o constitute_v by_o infeftment_n and_o though_o the_o disposition_n or_o provision_n thereof_o may_v be_v sufficient_a against_o the_o constituent_a or_o his_o heir_n it_o be_v not_o effectual_a against_o their_o singular_a successor_n and_o be_v no_o real_a right_n of_o the_o ground_n 2._o the_o rise_n of_o annualrent_n be_v from_o the_o prohibition_n of_o usury_n in_o the_o canon_n law_n which_o they_o extend_v to_o the_o take_n of_o any_o annual_a or_o profit_n for_o money_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n in_o lieu_n whereof_o those_o who_o be_v unfit_a for_o trading_n or_o manage_v the_o property_n of_o land_n buy_v annualrent_n either_o irredeemable_o or_o under_o reversion_n it_o have_v the_o same_o effect_n with_o the_o personal_a obligement_n for_o annualrent_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v still_o retain_v where_o annualrent_a according_a to_o the_o rate_v prescribe_v by_o statute_n or_o custom_n be_v allow_v by_o personal_a obligation_n and_o be_v not_o usury_n and_o the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v in_o security_n thereof_o annualrent_n may_v be_v constitute_v either_o of_o money_n victual_n or_o other_o fungible_a and_o that_o either_o in_o fee_n and_o heritage_n or_o in_o liferent_a and_o either_o by_o a_o several_a infeftment_n or_o by_o reservation_n in_o infeftment_n of_o property_n in_o which_o case_n the_o proprietar_n seasine_n serve_v both_o 3._o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n in_o most_o thing_n do_v agree_v with_o the_o infeftment_n of_o property_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o constitute_v thereof_o by_o charter_n or_o disposition_n and_o seasine_n in_o which_o the_o symbol_n and_o token_n of_o the_o delivery_n of_o possession_n of_o the_o annualrent_a when_o money_n be_v a_o penny_n money_n and_o when_o victual_n a_o parcel_n thereof_o yet_o a_o old_a infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v sustain_v though_o it_o bear_v only_a seasine_n to_o be_v give_v according_a to_o the_o solemnity_n use_v in_o such_o case_n albeit_o it_o be_v give_v thirty_o six_o year_n before_o and_o no_o possession_n thereby_o march_v 23._o 1631._o somervel_v contra_fw-la somervel_v of_o drum_n and_o be_v once_o validat_fw-la by_o possession_n it_o be_v not_o exclude_v by_o the_o infeftment_n of_o property_n of_o the_o present_a heretor_fw-la though_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la show_v not_o the_o infeftment_n of_o he_o who_o constitute_v the_o annualrent_a with_o the_o proprietar_n his_o author_n infeftment_n so_o that_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v whether_o both_o infeftment_n flow_v from_o one_o common_a author_n see_v the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v prior_n to_o the_o infeftment_n of_o property_n it_o be_v not_o exclude_v thereby_o february_n 7._o 1667._o smeitoun_n contra_fw-la tarbet_n 4._o annualrent_a may_v be_v either_o hold_v ward_n or_o blensh_o or_o by_o mortification_n and_o use_v not_o to_o be_v hold_v feu_n or_o burgage_n and_o be_v
most_o frequent_o blensh_o for_o a_o penny_n but_o if_o no_o hold_v be_v express_v it_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v ward_n and_o therefore_o the_o casualty_n of_o the_o superiority_n befall_v to_o the_o superior_a according_a to_o the_o kind_n of_o the_o hold_n as_o in_o property_n so_o that_o be_v ward_n or_o blensh_o it_o fall_v in_o nonentry_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o superior_a without_o declarator_n and_o so_o cease_v during_o that_o time_n even_o though_o the_o constituent_a as_o debtor_n be_v superior_a though_o he_o may_v be_v liable_a personal_o upon_o any_o personal_a obligement_n for_o pay_v thereof_o march_v 23._o 1631._o somervel_v contra_fw-la somervel_n annualrent_n may_v be_v either_o base_a or_o public_a by_o resignation_n or_o confirmation_n as_o to_o the_o requisit_n to_o accomplish_v it_o when_o base_a it_o be_v full_o show_v before_o title_n 13._o §_o base_a infeftment_n 5._o so_o likewise_o annualrent_a fall_v in_o liferent_a escheat_n belong_v to_o the_o superior_a during_o the_o annualrenters_n life_n and_o if_o it_o be_v redeem_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o money_n come_v in_o place_n thereof_o as_o follow_v a_o pari_fw-la from_o a_o wodsett_n redeem_v which_o be_v fall_v in_o liferent-escheat_n and_o therefore_o the_o money_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v employ_v upon_o annualrent_a for_o the_o superior_a during_o the_o life_n of_o the_o wodsetter_n june_n 29._o 1661._o tailzief_o contra_fw-la maxtoun_n and_o cunninghame_n 6._o the_o english_a distinguish_v rend_v in_o rent-service_n rent-charge_a and_o rent-seck_n rent-service_n be_v that_o which_o be_v due_a by_o the_o reddendo_fw-la of_o a_o infeftment_n of_o property_n as_o a_o feu_n or_o blensh_a duty_n this_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o infeftment_n of_o property_n but_o have_v the_o same_o effect_n by_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n as_o other_o annualrent_n rent-charge_n be_v that_o which_o not_o be_v by_o reddendo_fw-la yet_o be_v so_o constitute_v that_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la may_v brevi_fw-la manu_fw-la his_o term_n be_v pass_v poind_v the_o ground_n therefore_o we_o have_v no_o such_o annualrent_n for_o we_o admit_v of_o no_o distress_n without_o public_a authority_n but_o all_o execution_n must_v proceed_v by_o decreet_a and_o precept_n rent-seck_a be_v so_o call_v as_o reditus_fw-la siccus_fw-la because_o it_o be_v dry_a have_v no_o effect_n without_o sentence_n such_o be_v our_o annualrent_n 7._o there_o be_v a_o distinction_n of_o annualrent_n mention_v par._n 1551._o c._n 10._o in_o feu_fw-fr annual_n ground-annuals_a and_o top-annuals_a which_o craig_n think_v to_o quadrat_fw-la with_o the_o english_a distinction_n of_o rent_n but_o the_o consideration_n of_o that_o act_n and_o ordinance_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o article_n there_o express_v will_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o case_n be_v there_o of_o tenant_n within_o burgh_n the_o feu_fw-fr annual_a be_v that_o which_o be_v due_a by_o the_o reddendo_fw-la of_o the_o property_n either_o of_o the_o ground_n before_o the_o house_n be_v build_v or_o the_o ground_n and_o house_n together_o ground-annuals_a be_v a_o distinct_a several_a annualrent_n constitute_v upon_o the_o ground_n before_o the_o house_n be_v build_v and_o the_o top-annualrent_a be_v out_o of_o the_o house_n which_o be_v the_o more_o clear_a that_o when_o such_o tenement_n be_v destroy_v the_o least_o abatement_n be_v of_o the_o feu-annual_a or_o feu-duty_n and_o therefore_o the_o proprietar_n repair_v the_o tenement_n be_v to_o pay_v the_o feu-annuals_a with_o abatement_n of_o a_o six_o part_n and_o the_o ground-annual_a as_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o the_o top-annual_a suffer_v a_o abatement_n of_o a_o five_o part_n and_o the_o top-annual_a of_o a_o four_o part_n 8._o the_o chief_a effect_n of_o annualrent_n either_o by_o reddendo_fw-la in_o property_n or_o several_a infeftment_n be_v by_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n upon_o which_o the_o annualrent_n be_v constitute_v and_o that_o by_o a_o ordinary_a action_n whereby_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la pursue_v upon_o letter_n to_o poind_v and_o appryze_v all_o good_n upon_o the_o ground_n for_o payment_n of_o his_o annualrent_n and_o also_o for_o poind_v and_o apprize_a the_o ground-right_a and_o property_n itself_o as_o to_o the_o first_o member_n the_o english_a custom_n extend_v it_o to_o all_o good_n that_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v upon_o the_o ground_n at_o the_o term_n if_o they_o have_v but_o lie_v down_o thereupon_o and_o our_o ancient_a custom_n extend_v it_o to_o all_o good_n of_o the_o possessor_n &_o invecta_fw-la &_o illata_fw-la by_o they_o without_o retrinch_v it_o to_o what_o the_o tennent_n be_v due_a to_o the_o proprietar_n constituent_a of_o the_o annualrent_a and_o the_o poind_n in_o this_o case_n be_v extend_v to_o purge_v a_o spuilzie_n november_n 21._o 1628._o watson_n contra_fw-la reid_n june_n 26._o 1628._o laird_n of_o ednem_fw-la contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o ednem_fw-la where_o the_o pursuit_n be_v rather_o declaratory_a to_o establish_v the_o pursuer_n right_o then_o for_o present_a possession_n or_o execution_n but_o thereafter_o the_o lord_n have_v be_v accustom_v to_o interpose_v with_o charger_n upon_o decreet_n of_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n to_o restrict_n the_o same_o in_o favour_n of_o tenant_n to_o their_o term_n mail_n from_o the_o statute_n 1469._o cap._n 36._o bearing_n that_o the_o cattle_n of_o poor_a man_n inhabitant_n of_o the_o ground_n shall_v not_o be_v poind_v for_o the_o landlord_n debt_n where_o the_o mail_n extend_v not_o to_o the_o avail_n thereof_o and_o though_o the_o act_n seem_v correctory_n of_o a_o evil_a custom_n to_o poind_v the_o tenants_n good_n for_o the_o master_n debt_n yet_o the_o same_o reason_n equity_n and_o favour_n of_o their_o rusticity_n crave_v the_o extension_n of_o it_o to_o these_o debita_fw-la fundi_fw-la and_o therefore_o it_o be_v so_o restrict_v the_o tenant_n produce_v their_o tack_n or_o offer_v to_o depone_v upon_o their_o rent_n summary_o without_o take_v a_o term_n but_o it_o be_v not_o find_v requisite_a that_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la shall_v either_o lybel_n or_o prove_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o rent_n february_n 14._o 1674._o lady_n pitfoddel_n contra_fw-la the_o laird_n of_o pitfoddel_n and_o tenant_n in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v find_v that_o if_o the_o tenant_n the_o time_n of_o the_o poind_n have_v compear_v and_o produce_v their_o tack_n or_o have_v offer_v to_o make_v faith_n what_o the_o rent_n be_v if_o more_o have_v be_v poind_v for_o then_o equivalent_a to_o their_o rent_n it_o will_v have_v be_v a_o spuilzie_n but_o they_o shall_v not_o only_o depone_v what_o their_o rent_n be_v but_o what_o be_v rest_v of_o it_o for_o the_o poind_n of_o the_o ground_n or_o the_o brieve_n of_o distress_n be_v only_o restrict_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o remeid_v of_o that_o inconvenience_n that_o be_v sometime_o in_o use_n that_o where_o sum_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o brieve_n or_o distress_n against_o the_o lord_n owner_n of_o the_o ground_n the_o good_n and_o cattle_n of_o poor_a man_n inhabitant_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v take_v and_o distrenzy_v for_o the_o lord_n debt_n where_o the_o mail_n extend_v not_o to_o the_o avail_n of_o the_o debt_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o tennent_n shall_v not_o be_v distrenzy_v for_o the_o lord_n debt_n where_o the_o mail_n exetnd_v not_o to_o the_o avail_n of_o the_o debt_n further_a than_o his_o term_n mail_n extend_v to_o and_o therefore_o in_o so_o far_o as_o the_o tenant_n mail_n be_v rest_v the_o poind_a may_v proceed_v and_o likewise_o for_o the_o current_a term_n though_o not_o yet_o come_v that_o be_v if_o the_o rent_n be_v victual_v payable_a all_o at_o one_o term_n the_o poind_a may_v proceed_v for_o the_o value_n of_o the_o victual_n according_a to_o the_o rate_n of_o the_o victual_n communibus_fw-la annis_fw-la in_o the_o several_a place_n of_o the_o country_n as_o man_n use_v to_o buy_v or_o wodset_n or_o by_o the_o feir_n of_o that_o place_n neither_o cantack_n absolute_o secure_v the_o tenant_n if_o they_o be_v posterior_n to_o the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_a in_o which_o case_n if_o they_o be_v within_o the_o true_a value_n of_o the_o land_n the_o 〈◊〉_d or_o other_o poind_v pro_fw-la debitis_fw-la fundi_fw-la can_v be_v prejudge_v by_o collusive_a tack_n or_o such_o as_o be_v grant_v with_o considerable_a diminution_n of_o the_o true_a worth_n so_o that_o the_o poind_a may_v proceed_v for_o one_o year_n or_o term_n mail_n as_o the_o land_n be_v worth_a the_o time_n of_o the_o poind_n but_o in_o this_o case_n the_o poind_a can_v proceed_v summary_o till_o it_o be_v cognosce_v by_o declarator_n or_o reduction_n of_o the_o tack_n which_o may_v frequent_o occur_v tenant_n be_v oft_o accustom_v to_o suspend_v in_o decreet_n for_o poind_v the_o ground_n poind_v of_o the_o ground_n be_v find_v to_o take_v no_o effect_n against_o corn_n stand_v upon_o the_o ground_n have_v be_v
poind_v before_o by_o a_o three_o party_n for_o a_o debt_n hope_v poind_v paterson_n contra_fw-la patrick_n adam_n 10._o in_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n the_o proprietar_n the_o time_n of_o the_o summons_n must_v be_v call_v albeit_o his_o infeftment_n be_v base_a but_o not_o the_o superior_a january_n 19_o 1636._o oliphant_n contra_fw-la oliphant_n and_o be_v sufficient_a to_o call_v the_o wodsetter_n without_o the_o reverser_n february_n 1._o 1631._o gilbert_n williamson_n contra_fw-la hendrie_n cunninghame_n the_o tenant_n also_o must_v be_v call_v in_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v their_o good_n but_o the_o present_a heretor_n and_o tenant_n be_v once_o discern_v the_o decreet_a will_v be_v effectual_a against_o all_o singular_a successor_n and_o subsequent_a tenant_n without_o a_o new_a decreet_a of_o transference_n hope_n poind_v of_o the_o ground_n forester_n contra_fw-la tenant_n november_n 21._o 1628._o watson_n contra_fw-la reid_n june_n 26._o 1662._o adamson_n contra_fw-la lord_n balmerino_n but_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n upon_o annualrent_n may_v proceed_v summary_o without_o declare_v the_o right_n in_o a_o petitorie_a judgement_n though_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la have_v not_o be_v in_o possession_n for_o seven_o year_n and_o a_o posterior_n annualrenter_fw-la in_o possession_n seven_o year_n be_v not_o find_v preferable_a because_o annualrent_n be_v debita_fw-la fundi_fw-la have_v neither_o prejudice_n nor_o profit_n by_o possession_n as_o in_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n which_o be_v only_o competent_a upon_o infeftment_n of_o property_n or_o tack_n january_n 9_o 1668._o old_a lady_n clerkingtoun_n contra_fw-la clerkingtoun_n and_o the_o young_a lady_n and_o a_o poind_n of_o the_o ground_n may_v proceed_v against_o the_o appear_v and_o heir_n without_o a_o charge_n to_o enter_v heir_n january_n 2._o 1667._o oliphant_n contra_fw-la hamiltoun_n 11._o as_o to_o the_o ground-right_a and_o property_n of_o the_o land_n apprize_a upon_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v not_o only_o effectual_a against_o the_o proprietar_n but_o against_o any_o other_o apprize_a for_o personal_a debt_n and_o infeftment_n thereupon_o be_v after_o the_o original_a infeftment_n of_o the_o annualrent_a though_o before_o the_o apprize_a thereon_o hope_n poind_v and_o apprize_a tenant_n of_o clunie_n contra_fw-la tarachtrie_n slowand_a and_o glendon_v and_o it_o be_v the_o singularity_n of_o this_o right_n that_o the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v once_o establish_v apprize_a thereupon_o will_v be_v prefer_v to_o all_o interveen_a right_n and_o diligence_n even_o though_o they_o proceed_v upon_o posterior_n infeftment_n and_o annualrent_n and_o though_o by_o the_o late_a act_n of_o parliament_n appryzing_n within_o year_n and_o day_n come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la there_o be_v a_o express_a exception_n of_o annualrent_n and_o therefore_o a_o apprize_a proceed_v upon_o a_o personal_a obligement_n and_o requisition_n both_o for_o principal_a and_o annual_a and_o within_o year_n and_o day_n of_o other_o appryzing_n the_o appryzer_n be_v allow_v to_o pass_v from_o his_o apprize_a as_o to_o the_o annualrent_n prior_n to_o the_o apprize_a and_o these_o be_v prefer_v to_o all_o the_o appryzing_n and_o his_o apprize_a be_v bring_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la for_o the_o principal_a sum_n and_o annualrent_n after_o the_o apprize_a december_n 22._o 1671._o campbel_n contra_fw-la yea_o a_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v betwixt_o the_o first_o effectual_a apprize_a and_o the_o subsequent_a appryzing_n within_o year_n and_o day_n be_v bring_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la with_o these_o appryzing_n as_o to_o the_o whole_a right_n as_o be_v in_o a_o matter_n dubious_a upon_o a_o new_a statute_n the_o annualrenter_fw-la have_v rest_v thereupon_o and_o not_o have_v apprise_v for_o his_o principal_a sum_n which_o if_o he_o have_v do_v he_o will_v clear_o have_v come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la february_n 6._o 1673._o brown_a of_o colstoun_n contra_fw-la edward_n nicolas_n there_o be_v a_o case_n propose_v by_o sir_n thomas_n hope_v viz._n if_o one_o have_v right_o to_o some_o year_n of_o a_o annualrent_a by_o liferent_a or_o otherways_o shall_v appryze_v for_o these_o year_n and_o that_o apprize_a expyre_n whether_o that_o apprize_a expire_a will_n carry_v the_o right_n of_o property_n not_o only_o from_o he_o who_o constitute_v the_o annualrent_a but_o from_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o annualrent_n himself_o so_o that_o the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n shall_v become_v extinct_a which_o seem_v to_o be_v resolve_v affirmative_o because_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n for_o the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v jus_o sed_fw-la ignobilius_fw-la become_v extinct_a if_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la there_o upon_o do_v appryze_v the_o property_n and_o be_v infeft_v and_o therefore_o whoever_o appryze_v for_o year_n of_o the_o annualrent_a the_o infeftment_n thereof_o unless_o it_o be_v take_v away_o by_o satisfaction_n or_o redemption_n extinguish_v the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n without_o distinction_n whether_o the_o apprize_a be_v lead_v for_o any_o year_n belong_v to_o the_o fire_n liferenter_fw-la or_o any_o other_o and_o whereas_o the_o difficulty_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o the_o liferenter_fw-la can_v prejudge_v the_o fire_n of_o the_o annualrent_a or_o appryze_v more_o from_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o land_n than_o he_o have_v it_o be_v answer_v the_o fire_n need_v not_o be_v prejudge_v because_o he_o have_v a_o virtual_a reversion_n and_o may_v thereby_o redeem_v from_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la and_o take_v the_o liferenter_v right_o neither_o do_v the_o apprize_a exclude_v the_o annualrent_n itself_o as_o to_o year_n posterior_n by_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o apprize_a but_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n constitute_v to_o that_o very_a end_n that_o a_o apprise_n for_o any_o year_n of_o the_o annualrent_n be_v draw_v back_o ad_fw-la svam_fw-la causam_fw-la viz._n the_o original_a infeftment_n of_o the_o annualrent_a and_o so_o exclude_v all_o posterior_n infeftment_n and_o therefore_o extinguish_v not_o only_o these_o but_o even_o the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n itself_o cease_v by_o accession_n of_o the_o property_n ut_fw-la juris_fw-la nobilioris_fw-la but_o if_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o annualrent_n be_v neglective_a in_o so_o dubious_a a_o case_n it_o be_v like_o the_o lord_n will_v repone_v he_o satisfy_v the_o liferenter_fw-la in_o the_o case_n of_o competition_n the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n itself_o will_v be_v prefer_v to_o the_o posterior_n right_n though_o no_o apprise_v follow_v january_n 29._o 1635._o sir_n james_n hamiltoun_n of_o brownhill_n contra_fw-la wilson_n infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n have_v the_o privilege_n and_o preference_n though_o they_o be_v make_v use_n of_o by_o way_n of_o competition_n without_o apprise_v thereupon_o yea_o though_o requisition_n be_v make_v and_o a_o apprise_v lead_v upon_o the_o sum_n whereunto_o the_o annualrent_n be_v accessary_a yet_o it_o be_v find_v the_o appriser_n may_v pro_fw-la loco_fw-la &_o tempore_fw-la pass_v from_o that_o apprise_n and_o upon_o the_o annualrent_n itself_o be_v prefer_v january_n 24._o 1663._o robert_n graham_n contra_fw-la john_n ross._n 12._o but_o as_o to_o apprise_v of_o movable_n or_o rent_n the_o lord_n use_v in_o competition_n to_o give_v so_o much_o time_n to_o the_o first_o annualrenter_fw-la and_o so_o to_o the_o rest_n after_o each_o term_n that_o they_o only_o may_v poind_v and_o so_o they_o decern_v the_o first_o annualrenter_fw-la to_o poind_v within_o twenty_o day_n of_o each_o term_n and_o the_o second_o within_o the_o next_o twenty_o day_n feb._n 15._o 1662._o lady_n mouswall_n elder_a and_o young_a competing_n the_o like_a allow_v the_o first_o annualrenter_fw-la forty_o day_n after_o each_o term_n july_n 26._o 1662._o sir_n john_n aiton_n contra_fw-la adam_n wat._n but_o as_o to_o the_o apprise_n of_o the_o property_n the_o first_o annualrenter_fw-la may_n apprise_n when_o he_o please_v and_o then_o be_v preferable_a to_o all_o other_o but_o the_o regulate_v of_o the_o poind_n of_o movable_n be_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o poor_a labourer_n the_o like_a june_n 26._o 1662._o adamson_n contra_fw-la lord_n balmerino_n where_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la may_v affect_v any_o part_n of_o the_o ground_n in_o solidum_fw-la albeit_o now_o belong_v to_o several_a heretor_n but_o so_o as_o the_o heretor_fw-la of_o the_o ground_n affect_v behove_v to_o have_v assignation_n to_o the_o decreet_a for_o obtain_v relief_n 13._o annualrent_n long_o ago_o have_v no_o effect_n but_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n and_o can_v not_o come_v in_o to_o hinder_v arrester_n of_o the_o duty_n for_o the_o proprietar_n debt_n march_v 24._o 1626._o grace_n contra_fw-la graham_n but_o thereafter_o be_v ordain_v to_o be_v a_o sufficient_a title_n against_o all_o intromettor_n with_o the_o duty_n personal_o march_v 15._o 1637._o richard_n guthrie_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o galloway_n annualrent_n be_v find_v liable_a to_o public_a burden_n proportional_a with_o the_o superplus_n rend_v belong_v to_o the_o fire_n june_n 23._o 1675._o david_n
miln_n three_o when_o the_o heretor_fw-la of_o milns_n or_o land_n feve_n and_o dispones_fw-la the_o miln_n with_o the_o multure_n of_o his_o own_o land_n per_fw-la expressum_fw-la all_o these_o way_n be_v not_o contraverse_v constitution_n of_o thirlage_n whether_o they_o be_v in_o a_o infeftment_n contract_n bond_n or_o other_o personal_a right_n for_o these_o be_v clad_v with_o possession_n be_v sufficient_a to_o constitute_v a_o servitude_n though_o the_o right_n of_o the_o miln_n be_v a_o separate_a fee_n 〈◊〉_d infeftment_n four_o when_o the_o heretor_fw-la of_o the_o miln_n 〈◊〉_d or_o dispones_fw-la the_o same_o with_o the_o multure_n use_v and_o wont_a though_o he_o do_v not_o express_v out_o of_o what_o land_n it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o constitute_v a_o thirlage_n upon_o the_o land_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o pay_v in_o town_n multure_n be_v then_o his_o own_o land_n or_o to_o convey_v the_o right_n of_o the_o multure_n of_o other_o land_n be_v former_o astrict_v but_o where_o a_o barony_n be_v principal_o dispone_v with_o the_o miln_n thereof_o and_o the_o multure_n of_o the_o miln_n use_v and_o wont_a it_o be_v not_o find_v to_o extend_v to_o the_o multure_n of_o another_o barony_n hold_v of_o another_o superior_a though_o in_o use_n to_o come_v to_o that_o miln_n december_n 11._o 1666._o earl_n of_o cassils_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o dalmortoun_n and_o john_n whiteford_n five_o thirlage_n of_o a_o whole_a barony_n be_v infer_v by_o infeftment_n in_o the_o miln_n of_o the_o barony_n with_o the_o multure_n of_o the_o say_v miln_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o heretor_fw-la both_o of_o the_o miln_n and_o barony_n whereby_o these_o part_n of_o the_o barony_n that_o be_v not_o in_o use_n of_o astricted_a multure_n before_o be_v thereby_o astrict_v and_o that_o according_a to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o barony_n jan._n 31._o 1611._o wilson_n contra_fw-la warrock_n here_o the_o constitution_n bear_v not_o use_v and_o wont_a but_o multure_n of_o the_o miln_n general_o the_o like_a where_o the_o infeftment_n bear_v only_o the_o miln_n of_o the_o barony_n with_o astricted_a multure_n not_o repeat_v multure_n of_o the_o barony_n july_n 9_o 1611._o alexander_n moncrief_n contra_fw-la borthwick_n and_o pittinweem_n six_o thirlage_n be_v constitute_v without_o infeftment_n or_o any_o write_v subscrive_v by_o the_o heretor_fw-la of_o the_o land_n astrict_v but_o only_o by_o a_o act_n or_o rolment_n of_o barron_n court_n bearing_z the_o heretors_n consent_n and_o forty_o year_n possession_n conform_v hope_v milns_n and_o multure_n earl_n of_o murray_n contra_fw-la earlesmiln_n the_o like_a by_o decreet_a against_o the_o possessor_n their_o master_n not_o be_v call_v or_o consent_v but_o his_o bailie_n enact_v they_o to_o pay_v multure_n with_o long_a possession_n ibid._n mr._n andrew_n miln_n contra_fw-la patrick_n falconer_n seven_o a_o dry_a multure_n be_v find_v constitute_v and_o instruct_v by_o use_n of_o payment_n forty_o year_n without_o any_o other_o adminicle_n because_o it_o can_v not_o be_v construct_v as_o a_o free_a or_o voluntary_a deed_n as_o other_o multure_n may_v be_v hope_v milns_n and_o multure_n james_n dog_n contra_fw-la maxwel_n and_o the_o tenant_n of_o prestoun_n july_n 23._o 1675._o sir_n george_n kinaird_n contra_fw-la mr._n john_n drummond_n eight_o thirlage_n be_v infer_v of_o land_n within_o barony_n of_o the_o king_n property_n to_o the_o milns_n hold_v and_o repute_v to_o be_v the_o milns_n of_o that_o barony_n only_o as_o be_v in_o use_n past_a memory_n of_o man_n to_o do_v deed_n of_o thirlage_n as_o pay_v of_o multure_n lay_v in_o of_o damn_n february_n 5._o 1635._o dog_n contra_fw-la mushet_n january_n 8._o 1662._o james_n stuart_n contra_fw-la fevar_n of_o aberlednoch_n january_n 4._o 1662._o john_n nicolson_n contra_fw-la fevar_n of_o tillicoutrie_n nor_o be_v it_o find_v relevant_a that_o the_o fevar_n have_v right_a cum_fw-la molendinis_fw-la in_o the_o tenendas_fw-la which_o be_v but_o past_a of_o course_n in_o exchequer_n in_o the_o common_a clause_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o foresay_a case_n january_n 8._o 1662._o james_n stuart_n contra_fw-la fevar_n of_o aberlednoch_n the_o reason_n hereof_o be_v because_o the_o king_n right_n be_v constitute_v jure_fw-la coronae_fw-la without_o infeftment_n or_o other_o write_v which_o be_v not_o requisite_a or_o accustom_a to_o be_v keep_v and_o therefore_o the_o presumption_n from_o long_a possession_n be_v sufficient_a craig_n l._n 2._o dieges_fw-fr 8._o relate_v it_o as_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o that_o immemorial_n possession_n be_v sufficient_a to_o instruct_v the_o thirlage_n of_o kirklands_n in_o the_o same_o way_n as_o of_o the_o king_n land_n to_o which_o he_o assent_v not_o but_o the_o reason_n seem_v much_o to_o be_v the_o same_o especial_o after_o the_o reformation_n when_o the_o evident_n of_o the_o kirk_n be_v lose_v or_o destroy_v so_o that_o long_a possession_n have_v be_v sufficient_a to_o instruct_v the_o right_n of_o propperty_n of_o kirklands_n and_o may_v much_o more_o instruct_v this_o servitude_n unless_o milns_n and_o multure_n have_v be_v grant_v to_o the_o fevar_n anterior_a to_o the_o feu_n of_o the_o miln_n but_o unquestionable_o thirlage_n be_v easy_o sustain_v in_o kirk-land_n than_o other_o as_o it_o be_v sustain_v be_v by_o a_o infeftment_n of_o a_o miln_n cum_fw-la multuris_fw-la general_o and_o the_o bishop_n precept_n to_o his_o tenant_n to_o pay_v their_o multure_n to_o that_o miln_n with_o long_a possession_n though_o without_o consent_n of_o the_o chapter_n decemb._n 7._o 1665._o david_n veatch_n contra_fw-la john_n duncan_n 17._o as_o to_o the_o negative_a first_o thirlage_n be_v not_o infer_v by_o use_n of_o come_v to_o the_o miln_n and_o pay_v multure_n there_o at_o though_o immemorial_n even_o though_o the_o multure_n pay_v be_v as_o great_a as_o the_o thirl_z multure_n march_v 13._o 1635._o gilchrist_n contra_fw-la menzies_n the_o reason_n hereof_o be_v because_o such_o payment_n be_v but_o voluntatis_fw-la non_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la and_o therefore_o can_v no_o more_o infer_v a_o servitude_n than_o they_o who_o past_a memory_n come_v such_o a_o way_n to_o a_o town_n be_v astrict_v only_o to_o come_v that_o way_n but_o infeftment_n in_o a_o miln_n with_o the_o astricted_a multure_n of_o such_o land_n per_fw-la expressum_fw-la and_o forty_o year_n possession_n of_o pay_v the_o insucken_a multure_n be_v find_v to_o constitute_v the_o thirlage_n though_o the_o fevar_n be_v infeft_v cum_fw-la molendinis_fw-la before_o the_o feu_n of_o the_o miln_n and_o sometime_o go_v to_o other_o milns_n which_o not_o be_v frequent_a and_o for_o some_o whole_a year_n be_v find_v but_o clandestine_v and_o such_o as_o occur_v in_o all_o thirlage_n and_o no_o legal_a interruption_n june_n 29._o 1665._o heretor_n of_o the_o miln_n of_o kythick_n contra_fw-la fevar_n second_o thirlage_n be_v not_o infer_v because_o the_o land_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o superior_n barony_n have_v a_o miln_n of_o the_o barony_n where_o the_o vassal_n infeftment_n contain_v cum_fw-la molendinis_fw-la &_o multuris_fw-la or_o a_o feu-duty_n pro_fw-la omni_fw-la alio_fw-la onere_fw-la or_o such_o a_o feu-duty_n allanerly_a novemb_n 26._o 1631._o oliphant_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o marshal_n but_o where_o the_o baron_n disposition_n contain_v not_o these_o clause_n his_o give_v a_o subaltern_a infeftment_n of_o a_o part_n of_o his_o barony_n which_o part_n be_v thirl_a to_o the_o miln_n before_o it_o be_v not_o find_v liberat_fw-la but_o continue_v thirl_a to_o the_o miln_n of_o the_o barony_n though_o the_o miln_n and_o multure_n of_o the_o barony_n be_v dispone_v thereafter_o to_o another_o july_n 17._o 1629._o newlistoun_n contra_fw-la inglis_n for_o if_o the_o vassal_n have_v acquire_v that_o part_n of_o the_o barony_n with_o the_o multure_n it_o will_v have_v be_v express_v particular_o or_o general_o see_v thereby_o the_o seller_n behove_v to_o diminish_v the_o rental_a of_o his_o miln_n three_o thirlage_n of_o a_o barony_n or_o any_o part_n thereof_o be_v not_o infer_v by_o a_o disposition_n or_o infeftment_n of_o a_o miln_n grant_v by_o the_o baron_n though_o it_o be_v the_o only_a miln_n of_o the_o barony_n see_v he_o express_v not_o it_o to_o be_v so_o nor_o express_v any_o land_n nor_o the_o multure_n thereof_o but_o only_a dispo_n ed_z the_o miln_n with_o the_o pertinent_o july_n 12._o 1621._o william_n douglas_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o murray_n in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v several_a act_n of_o court_n thirl_a the_o tenant_n and_o long_a possession_n which_o be_v not_o insist_v on_o but_o only_o the_o act_n of_o court_n which_o be_v not_o find_v sufficient_a see_v it_o be_v only_o by_o a_o bailie_n without_o warrant_n or_o consent_n of_o the_o heretor_fw-la albeit_o clad_v with_o forty_o year_n possession_n but_o a_o decreet_a against_o the_o tenant_n for_o astricted_a multure_n and_o immemorial_n possession_n be_v find_v to_o constitute_v thirlage_n to_o
the_o viccarage_n teind_n be_v local_a according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o every_o benefice_n or_o paroch_n and_o therefore_o be_v suftain_v for_o the_o viccarage_n of_o salt_n and_o so_o much_o out_o of_o each_o loom_n but_o not_o upon_o thirteen_o year_n possession_n but_o only_o upon_o prescription_n by_o forty_o year_n possession_n november_n 29._o 1678._o mr._n john_n birnie_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o nethâ—sdaâ—â—_n and_o his_o tenant_n yea_o in_o the_o same_o paroch_n there_o be_v find_v diversity_n of_o the_o viccarage_n some_o place_n have_v no_o viccarage_n of_o cow_n and_o other_o place_n pay_v viccarage_n of_o milk_n and_o wool_n for_o sheep_n and_o other_o place_n pay_v viccarage_n of_o hay_n goose_n and_o grice_n july_n 7._o 1677._o parson_n of_o prestounhaugh_n contra_fw-la his_o parochioner_n and_o viccarage_n be_v not_o find_v due_a out_o of_o yard_n which_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o chanrions_n portion_n unless_o it_o be_v prove_v that_o they_o have_v be_v in_o use_n of_o payment_n of_o viccarage_n before_o 7._o some_o land_n also_o by_o long_a custom_n be_v teind-free_a as_o temple-land_n be_v out_o of_o use_n of_o payment_n of_o teind_n for_o fifty_o year_n be_v find_v free_a for_o all_o time_n thereafter_o hope_n teind_n earl_n of_o wigtoun_n contra_fw-la lady_n torwood_n gleibs_n and_o manse_v be_v also_o teind-free_a and_o the_o teind_n of_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o cystertian_n order_n hospitler_n and_o templar_n be_v teind-free_a and_o so_o continue_v in_o their_o fevar_n though_o the_o privilege_n be_v only_o as_o to_o what_o these_o order_n labour_v themselves_o yet_o the_o teind_v be_v find_v to_o belong_v to_o their_o many_o fevar_n for_o what_o the_o fevar_n themselves_o labour_n july_n 15._o 1664._o thomas_n crawford_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o prestoungrange_n 8._o teind_n be_v prohibit_v to_o be_v set_v in_o feu_n to_o layman_n by_o the_o lateran_n council_n hold_v by_o pope_n innocent_a the_o second_o or_o any_o way_n to_o be_v alienate_v from_o the_o church_n though_o church-land_n may_v be_v set_v feu_n these_o be_v account_v but_o the_o temporality_n and_o the_o teind_n the_o spirituality_n as_o flow_v from_o a_o spiritual_a ground_n or_o divine_a right_n 9_o teind_n be_v also_o acknowledge_v with_o we_o to_o be_v the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o kirk_n par._n 1567._o cap._n 10._o and_o they_o be_v not_o annex_v to_o the_o crown_n as_o the_o temporality_n of_o benefice_n be_v par._n 1587._o cap._n 29._o 10._o yet_o decimae_fw-la inclusae_fw-la be_v here_o except_v for_o these_o be_v feve_v with_o the_o stock_n and_o can_v be_v only_o such_o as_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v go_v along_o with_o the_o stock_n and_o never_o have_v be_v draw_v nor_o separate_v and_o therefore_o be_v so_o ordinary_o express_v decimae_fw-la inclusae_fw-la nunquam_fw-la antea_fw-la separatae_fw-la and_o therefore_o such_o be_v presume_v to_o have_v be_v feve_v out_o with_o the_o stock_n before_o the_o lateran_n council_n and_o so_o consistent_a with_o the_o canon_n but_o if_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v that_o once_o they_o be_v separate_v by_o churchman_n though_o they_o have_v right_o both_o to_o stock_n and_o teind_v and_o be_v feve_v with_o teind_n include_v they_o be_v not_o valide_fw-la decimae_fw-la inclusae_fw-la which_o no_o churchman_n can_v feu_n after_o the_o say_a council_n neither_o can_v the_o king_n constitute_v feus_n de_fw-la novo_fw-la cum_fw-la decimis_fw-la inclusis_fw-la so_o that_o these_o teind_n include_v be_v estimate_n as_o no_o teind_n long_a custom_n be_v fufficient_a to_o make_v land_n teind-free_a and_o therefore_o they_o have_v never_o come_v in_o with_o teind_n or_o benefice_n in_o any_o burden_n affect_v teind_n by_o law_n as_o minister_n stipend_n etc._n etc._n 11._o about_o the_o time_n of_o abolition_n of_o popery_n in_o scotland_n the_o popish_a clergy_n do_v grant_v more_o frequent_o long_a tack_n of_o their_o teind_n the_o king_n also_o give_v donative_n of_o teind_n and_o erect_v they_o with_o church-land_n into_o barony_n and_o lordship_n so_o that_o there_o remain_v little_a of_o they_o no_o way_n able_a to_o entertain_v the_o minister_n and_o much_o contraversie_n be_v like_a to_o arise_v about_o they_o till_o all_o party_n have_v interest_n submit_v and_o surrender_v the_o same_o to_o the_o king_n first_o by_o the_o general_a surrender_n of_o erection_n and_o teind_n second_o by_o a_o particular_a surrender_n of_o some_o benefice_a person_n three_o of_o the_o bishop_n four_o of_o the_o burrows_n the_o king_n upon_o the_o 2._o of_o september_n 1629._o order_v the_o whole_a matter_n to_o this_o effect_n that_o the_o whole_a teind_n shall_v be_v consolidat_fw-la with_o the_o stock_n be_v always_o affect_v with_o competent_a stipend_n to_o minister_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o therefore_o the_o titular_a or_o the_o tacks-man_n of_o the_o teind_n have_v perpetual_a or_o hereditable_a right_n shall_v sell_v the_o same_o to_o the_o heretor_n at_o nine_o year_n puchase_n and_o where_o the_o right_o be_v temporary_a or_o defective_a the_o price_n thereof_o shall_v be_v make_v less_o according_o 12._o and_o for_o that_o effect_n a_o commission_n be_v grant_v for_o valuation_n of_o teind_n and_o for_o dispone_v thereof_o as_o aforesaid_a and_o for_o modify_v and_o local_v stipendsto_n the_o minister_n his_o majesty_n reserve_v to_o himself_o only_o a_o yearly_a annuity_n of_o ten_o shilling_n scot_n out_o of_o each_o boll_n of_o wheat_n and_o barley_n eight_o shilling_n of_o pease_n and_o rye_n six_o shilling_n of_o oat_n where_o the_o boll_n render_v a_o boll_n of_o meal_n and_o proportional_o less_o where_o it_o render_v less_o these_o decreet_n be_v ratify_v and_o prosecute_v by_o several_a act_n of_o parliament_n 1633._o cap._n 8_o 15_o 17_o 19_o and_o 1641._o cap._n 30._o par._n 1647._o cap._n 32._o par._n 1649._o cap._n 46._o par._n 1661._o cap._n 61._o there_o be_v a_o exception_n in_o the_o act_n 1633._o cap._n 19_o which_o ordain_v the_o teind_n of_o all_o abbacy_n and_o other_o benefice_n except_o the_o teind_n pertain_v to_o bishopriks_n and_o other_o benefice_n which_o fall_v not_o under_o the_o submission_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o clause_n that_o the_o say_n bishop_n and_o benefice_a person_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o fruit_n and_o rent_n of_o their_o several_a benefice_n as_o they_o be_v possess_v by_o they_o the_o time_n of_o the_o say_a submission_n and_o therefore_o where_o they_o do_v draw_v the_o teind_n by_o the_o space_n of_o fifteen_o year_n before_o the_o year_n 1628._o or_o at_o least_o seven_o year_n of_o the_o say_n fifteen_o year_n or_o have_v the_o same_o in_o rentalled_a bolls_n they_o shall_v so_o continue_v and_o not_o be_v value_v which_o provision_n be_v repeat_v par._n 1662._o cap._n 9_o all_o this_o prove_v for_o the_o most_o part_n ineffectual_a for_o compel_a titular_n and_o tacksman_n of_o teind_n to_o sell_v their_o interest_n in_o other_o man_n teind_n to_o the_o proper_a heretor_n because_o these_o commissioner_n allow_v they_o a_o option_n to_o allocat_fw-la who_o they_o please_v for_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o minister_n stipend_n few_o venture_v to_o pursue_v they_o for_o vendition_n lest_o they_o may_v be_v exclude_v be_v allocation_n which_o they_o be_v willing_a to_o avert_v by_o give_v the_o dear_a rate_n but_o if_o the_o stipend_n have_v be_v lay_v proportional_o upon_o all_o the_o king_n favour_n have_v be_v more_o effectual_a and_o equal_a but_o buy_v of_o teind_n be_v thereby_o retard_v the_o great_a work_n of_o these_o commissioner_n be_v to_o value_v modify_v and_o allocat_fw-la stipend_n when_o the_o tack-duty_n of_o the_o tacksman_n be_v not_o find_v sufficient_a to_o make_v up_o thestipend_n the_o commission_n do_v increass_n the_o tack-duty_n upon_o the_o tacks-man_n and_o in_o recompense_n thereof_o prorogat_v their_o tack_n whereby_o they_o though_o at_o first_o be_v but_o slender_a right_n by_o many_o nineteen_o year_n prorogation_n become_v little_o less_o than_o heritable_a right_n 13._o the_o annuity_n of_o teind_n not_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n be_v dispone_v by_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o to_o james_n livingstoun_n a_o groom_n of_o his_o bedchamber_n to_o be_v uplift_v by_o he_o till_o he_o be_v satisfy_v of_o the_o sum_n of_o which_o right_o be_v purchase_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o lowdoun_n and_o do_v receive_v many_o stop_n and_o take_v little_a effect_n till_o the_o king_n return_n who_o give_v a_o commission_n to_o the_o late_a earl_n of_o lowdoun_n to_o transact_v for_o the_o by-gone_a annuity_n and_o to_o dispone_v they_o with_o the_o full_a right_o thereof_o in_o all_o time_n come_v and_o his_o disposition_n with_o consent_n of_o two_o member_n of_o exchequer_n be_v declare_v sufficient_a right_n to_o the_o buyer_n and_o be_v appoint_v to_o be_v record_v in_o the_o book_n of_o exchequer_n that_o the_o sum_n get_v therefore_o may_v be_v know_v and_o impute_v unto_o the_o sum_n
power_n 〈◊〉_d detain_v the_o whole_a fruit_n of_o the_o benefice_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n as_o be_v clear_a in_o the_o say_v last_o act_n par._n 1592._o cap._n 115._o three_o patron_n be_v tutor_n and_o guardian_n to_o their_o church_n without_o who_o consent_n the_o incumbent_n can_v set_v no_o tack_v long_o then_o for_o three_o year_n par._n 1594._o cap._n 200._o patron_n have_v also_o a_o indirect_a interest_n in_o their_o own_o benefice_n where_o the_o minister_n have_v a_o ordinary_a stipend_n settle_v to_o they_o by_o long_a custom_n or_o modification_n yet_o far_o within_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o benefice_n the_o patron_n use_v to_o present_v they_o to_o the_o benefice_n but_o withal_o take_v tack_v of_o they_o to_o confident_a person_n to_o their_o own_o behoof_n carry_v the_o superplus_n of_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o benefice_n over_o and_o above_o the_o accustom_a stipend_n of_o their_o predecessor_n which_o have_v not_o be_v quarrel_v as_o a_o symoniacal_a paction_n or_o dilapidation_n it_o seem_v also_o that_o patron_n for_o resemblance_n of_o personal_a patronage_n ought_v to_o be_v aliment_v out_o of_o the_o benefice_n if_o they_o come_v to_o necessity_n according_a as_o their_o benefice_n may_v bear_v though_o there_o have_v occur_v no_o occasion_n to_o question_n or_o try_v this_o point_n but_o by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n july_n 23._o 1644._o session_n 1._o c._n 20._o the_o power_n of_o dispose_n of_o the_o vacant_a benefice_n or_o stipend_n be_v take_v from_o the_o patron_n and_o state_v in_o the_o presbytrie_n and_o paroch_n to_o be_v dispose_v upon_o for_o pious_a use_n and_o by_o act_n of_o par_fw-fr 1949._o c._n 39_o the_o power_n of_o presentation_n be_v also_o take_v away_o yet_o thetitle_v 〈◊〉_d unsit_o design_n that_o act_n a_o abolution_n of_o patronage_n for_o there_o be_v no_o more_o there_o take_v away_o but_o the_o power_n of_o presentation_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a where_o the_o patron_n can_v have_v no_o interest_n in_o the_o benefice_n of_o teind_n but_o indirect_o as_o aforesaid_a that_o declare_v the_o heritable_a right_n of_o the_o teind_n over_o and_o above_o the_o stipend_n to_o be_v in_o the_o patron_n but_o with_o necessity_n to_o dispone_v the_o same_o to_o the_o heretor_n for_o six_o year_n purchase_n but_o these_o act_n be_v now_o rescind_v and_o patron_n return_v to_o their_o ancient_a right_n but_o they_o be_v exclude_v from_o the_o fruit_n in_o the_o vacancy_n which_o be_v apply_v to_o pious_a use_n for_o seven_o year_n and_o thereafter_o during_o his_o majesty_n pleasure_n par_fw-fr 1661._o cap._n 52._o and_o the_o vacancy_n for_o seven_o year_n after_o the_o year_n 1672._o be_v apply_v to_o university_n par_fw-fr 1672._o cap._n 20._o ecclesiastical_a benefice_n be_v so_o ordinary_o patronat_fw-la that_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o free_a but_o all_o be_v presume_v o_o be_v patronat_fw-la and_o where_o the_o right_a of_o patronage_n do_v not_o appear_v to_o be_v establish_v in_o any_o other_o the_o pope_n be_v presume_v patron_n before_o the_o reformation_n and_o after_o the_o reformation_n the_o king_n be_v presume_v patron_n jure_fw-la corona_n where_o the_o right_a of_o another_o patron_n appear_v not_o there_o be_v other_o patronage_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n jure_fw-la privato_fw-la as_o when_o the_o king_n or_o his_o predecessor_n acquire_v any_o right_n of_o patronage_n from_o any_o private_a person_n or_o when_o the_o king_n or_o his_o predecessor_n found_v or_o dote_v the_o benefice_n or_o when_o any_o land_n or_o barony_n fall_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n as_o superior_a by_o recognition_n or_o forefaulture_n all_o such_o have_v annex_v thereto_o or_o comprehend_v therein_o the_o advocation_n donation_n and_o right_n of_o patronage_n of_o any_o kirk_n the_o king_n do_v thereby_o become_v patron_n all_o those_o patronage_n be_v at_o the_o king_n dispose_n and_o transmissible_a to_o any_o subject_a by_o the_o king_n proper_a deed_n either_o annex_v or_o incorporate_n the_o same_o in_o barony_n or_o lordship_n or_o by_o distinct_a gift_n for_o the_o patronage_n do_v ordinary_o pass_v as_o annex_v to_o land_n charter_n of_o burgh_n barony_n or_o lordship_n yet_o they_o may_v pass_v without_o infeftment_n as_o jura_fw-la incorporalia_fw-la but_o there_o be_v other_o patronage_n which_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n either_o express_o or_o when_o barony_n lordship_n or_o benefice_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n if_o therein_o patronage_n of_o any_o benefice_n be_v comprehend_v they_o be_v annex_v though_o not_o express_v for_o barony_n or_o benefice_n be_v nomina_fw-la universitatis_fw-la be_v unite_v and_o erect_v and_o therefore_o the_o barony_n or_o benefice_n without_o express_v patronage_n do_v carry_v the_o same_o by_o resignation_n apprize_a adjudication_n recognition_n or-forefaulture_a as_o well_o as_o salmond_n fish_v or_o milns_n but_o these_o patronage_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o annex_v patrimony_n of_o the_o crown_n can_v be_v dispose_v by_o the_o king_n without_o a_o public_a law_n or_o by_o a_o special_a act_n of_o dissolution_n for_o particular_a reason_n of_o public_a good_a anterior_a to_o the_o king_n gift_n and_o ratification_n in_o parliament_n which_o pass_v of_o course_n and_o be_v account_v but_o private_a right_n which_o will_v not_o establish_v the_o same_o though_o in_o the_o ratification_n there_o be_v a_o clause_n of_o dissolution_n which_o be_v always_o understand_v to_o be_v as_o a_o private_a right_n and_o not_o a_o public_a law_n the_o patronage_n of_o all_o bishopric_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n who_o design_n the_o person_n to_o be_v bishop_n and_o though_o the_o chapter_n may_v use_v the_o formality_n of_o election_n they_o do_v not_o refuse_v the_o king_n designation_n the_o order_n of_o this_o election_n be_v prescrive_v parliament_n 1617._o cap._n 1._o where_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n be_v ordain_v to_o choose_v the_o person_n who_o the_o king_n please_v to_o nominat_fw-la and_o recommend_v he_o always_o be_v a_o uctual_a minister_n of_o the_o kirk_n who_o be_v elect_v have_v sufficient_a right_n to_o the_o spirituality_n of_o his_o benefice_n but_o not_o to_o the_o temporality_n till_o he_o have_v a_o charter_n from_o the_o king_n and_o do_v homage_n and_o swear_v obedience_n to_o he_o but_o the_o archbishop_n of_o saint_n andrews_n be_v to_o be_v elect_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o dunkel_n aberdene_n brichen_n dumblane_n ross_n murray_n orknay_n caithness_n the_o principal_a of_o saint_n leanard_n college_n the_o archdean_n of_o saint_n andrews_n the_o viccar_n of_o saint_n andrews_n leuchers_n and_o couper_n or_o most_o part_n of_o they_o parliament_z 1617._o cap._n 2._o and_o by_o the_o same_o act_n the_o archbishop_n of_o glasgow_n be_v to_o be_v elect_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o galloway_n argile_n and_o isles_n and_o the_o ordinar_n chapter_n of_o glasgow_n or_o most_o of_o they_o the_o bishop_n of_o galloway_n be_v conveener_n of_o the_o elector_n and_o now_o the_o bishop_n of_o edinburgh_n since_o that_o bishopric_n be_v erect_v be_v by_o the_o erection_n make_v a_o elector_n and_o conveener_n the_o king_n be_v also_o patron_n of_o many_o laic_a patronage_n and_o there_o be_v several_a other_o laic_a patronage_n belong_v to_o subject_n ecclesiastic_a patronage_n belong_v now_o only_o to_o the_o bishop_n to_o who_o some_o kirk_n be_v patrimonial_a or_o mensal_n the_o fruit_n whereof_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o bishop_n benefice_n and_o the_o several_a paroch_n kirk_n be_v not_o distinct_a benefice_n but_o part_n beneficii_fw-la but_o most_o be_v serve_v by_o the_o bishop_n himself_o or_o a_o minister_n who_o be_v a_o stipendiary_a and_o by_o the_o 19_o act_n parl._n 1633._o all_o minister_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v provide_v with_o sufficient_a stipend_n be_v eight_o chalder_n of_o victual_n or_o eight_o hundred_o mark_n at_o least_o except_o in_o singular_a case_n refer_v to_o the_o commissioner_n for_o plantation_n of_o kirk_n who_o be_v authorize_v as_o commissioner_n of_o parliament_n to_o value_v teind_n modify_a stipend_n and_o grant_v locality_n for_o fix_v thereof_o upon_o particular_a land_n the_o bishop_n have_v the_o patronage_n of_o some_o kirk_n without_o their_o diocy_n and_o do_v present_a to_o the_o bishop_n of_o that_o diocie_n but_o if_o the_o bishop_n shall_v acquire_v any_o patronage_n of_o a_o kirk_n within_o his_o own_o diocie_n that_o kirk_n can_v be_v patronat_n but_o become_v free_a and_o be_v confer_v by_o the_o bishop_n pleno_fw-la jure_fw-la for_o he_o can_v present_v to_o himself_o yet_o by_o the_o collation_n the_o person_n collate_v be_v not_o a_o stipendiar_n but_o be_v parson_n or_o vicar_n and_o have_v the_o full_a benefit_n of_o the_o fruit_n except_o in_o so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v restrict_v by_o tack_n set_v lawful_o by_o they_o or_o their_o predecessor_n the_o common_a kirk_n which_o be_v to_o be_v provide_v by_o the_o bishop_n and_o their_o
price_n thereof_o to_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o heretor_n to_o the_o said_n titular_o of_o erection_n with_o a_o burden_n of_o annuity_n to_o the_o king_n except_v the_o teind_n of_o the_o surrenderer_n own_o proper_a land_n be_v always_o subject_a to_o his_o majesty_n annuity_n which_o submission_n his_o majesty_n accept_v and_o there_o follow_v thereupon_o a_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n at_o whitehall_n may_v 14._o 1628._o there_o be_v also_o a_o submission_n make_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o all_o teind_n belong_v to_o they_o or_o their_o patrimonial_a kirk_n provide_v they_o be_v not_o damnify_v in_o their_o benefice_n as_o they_o be_v then_o possess_v either_o in_o quantity_n or_o quality_n whether_o the_o examine_v be_v pay_v in_o rental_a bolls_n or_o draw_v teind_v so_o that_o the_o submission_n do_v only_o reach_v to_o teind_n that_o be_v in_o tack_v or_o other_o use_n of_o payment_n and_o whereof_o the_o bishop_n or_o benefice_a person_n be_v not_o then_o in_o possession_n by_o rental_a bolls_n or_o draw_v teind_v this_o submission_n be_v in_o anno_fw-la 1628._o there_o be_v also_o a_o submission_n by_o the_o burrows_n of_o their_o teind_n in_o the_o same_o year_n and_o a_o four_o submission_n by_o several_a person_n have_v right_o to_o teind_n in_o anno_fw-la 1629._o the_o king_n do_v pronounce_v his_o decreet_a arbitral_n upon_o the_o submission_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o erection_n upon_o the_o second_o of_o september_n one_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o nine_o whereby_o he_o ordain_v the_o lord_n of_o erection_n to_o have_v ten_o year_n purchase_v for_o the_o feu-duty_n and_o all_o their_o constant_a rent_n consist_v of_o victual_n or_o money_n the_o victual_n be_v reckon_v at_o a_o hundred_o mark_n the_o chalder_n deduce_v so_o much_o of_o the_o feu-duty_n as_o be_v equivalent_a to_o the_o blensh-duty_n contain_v in_o the_o infeftment_n of_o erection_n for_o which_o nothing_o be_v to_o be_v pay_v and_o allow_v the_o lord_n of_o erection_n to_o retain_v the_o feu-duty_n until_o they_o be_v redeem_v his_o majesty_n do_v also_o decern_v that_o each_o heretor_fw-la shall_v have_v his_o own_o teind_n that_o such_o as_o have_v right_a to_o other_o man_n teind_n shall_v after_o valuation_n thereof_o whereby_o the_o five_o part_n of_o the_o constant_a rent_n which_o each_o land_n pay_v in_o stock_n and_o teind_v be_v declare_v to_o be_v the_o teind_v and_o where_o the_o teind_v be_v value_v several_o that_o the_o heretor_fw-la shall_v have_v the_o five_o part_n of_o the_o yearly_a value_n thereof_o deduce_v for_o the_o king_n ease_n and_o the_o price_n of_o the_o say_v teind_v for_o a_o heritable_a right_n be_v make_v nine_o year_n purchase_v and_o for_o other_o right_n of_o teind_n inferior_a to_o heritable_a right_n proportionable_o according_a to_o the_o worth_n thereof_o to_o be_v determine_v by_o a_o commission_n to_o be_v grant_v by_o his_o majesty_n to_o that_o effect_n and_o that_o both_o for_o tack_n of_o teind_n and_o patronage_n there_o be_v also_o decreet_v by_o his_o majesty_n upon_o the_o other_o submission_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n and_o by_o the_o ten_o and_o fourteen_o act_n par._n 1633._o the_o superiority_n of_o all_o kirk-land_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n except_o these_o belong_v to_o bishop_n with_o the_o feu-duty_n of_o the_o say_a superiority_n reserve_v to_o the_o lord_n and_o titular_o of_o erection_n who_o subscribe_v the_o general_a surrender_n of_o submission_n their_o feu-duty_n till_o they_o be_v redeem_v at_o ten_o year_n purchase_n and_o reserve_v to_o they_o the_o property_n hold_v of_o his_o majesty_n for_o payment_n of_o the_o feu-duty_n contain_v in_o the_o old_a infeftment_n precede_v the_o annexation_n by_o the_o 12._o act_n par._n 1633._o the_o king_n restrict_v his_o general_a revocation_n in_o october_n 1625._o registrate_n in_o the_o book_n of_o secret_a council_n february_n 9_o 1626._o in_o a_o proclamation_n then_o emit_v and_o another_o july_n 21._o 1626._o to_o the_o annul_v all_o pretend_a right_n to_o the_o property_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o well_o annex_v as_o not_o annex_v whereof_o a_o account_n have_v be_v make_v in_o exchequer_n and_o of_o the_o principality_n unlawful_o dispone_v by_o his_o predecessor_n against_o the_o law_n and_o act_n then_o stand_v and_o to_o the_o annul_n of_o erection_n and_o other_o disposition_n of_o whatsoever_o land_n teind_n patronage_n and_o benefice_n former_o belong_v to_o the_o kirk_n and_o since_o annex_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o any_o other_o land_n and_o benefice_n mortify_v to_o pious_a use_n and_o of_o regality_n and_o heritable_a office_n and_o the_o change_n from_o ward_n to_o blensh_fw-mi or_o taxt-ward_n since_o the_o year_n 1540_o upon_o this_o progress_n it_o may_v be_v question_v whether_o the_o patronage_n that_o former_o belong_v to_o churchman_n and_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o land_n burrows_n or_o benefice_n and_o thereafter_o be_v erect_v in_o temporal_a estate_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o king_n or_o lord_n of_o erection_n and_o next_o whether_o these_o more_o improper_a patronage_n of_o the_o patrimonial_a kirk_n of_o abbacy_n whereby_o the_o lord_n of_o erection_n come_v in_o the_o abbot_n place_n do_v claim_v the_o right_n of_o presentation_n or_o nomination_n of_o stipendiary_a minister_n to_o these_o kirk_n do_v belong_v to_o they_o or_o the_o king_n as_o to_o the_o first_o there_o seem_v less_o difficulty_n that_o the_o patronage_n which_o do_v belong_v to_o abbot_n of_o kirk_n which_o be_v not_o of_o their_o patrimony_n but_o whereof_o they_o have_v only_o jus_o presentandi_fw-la do_v belong_v to_o the_o king_n because_o such_o patronage_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o general_a act_n of_o annexation_n which_o though_o it_o do_v not_o mention_v patronage_n yet_o the_o barony_n or_o benefice_n wherein_o such_o patronage_n be_v comprehend_v be_v express_o annex_v and_o barony_n or_o benefice_n be_v nomina_fw-la universitatis_fw-la will_v comprehend_v patronage_n incorporate_v therein_o or_o annex_v thereto_o so_o that_o without_o dissolution_n no_o subject_n can_v pretend_v right_a to_o the_o ecclesiastic_a patronage_n of_o abbot_n prior_n etc._n etc._n and_o as_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o erection_n who_o fall_v under_o the_o exception_n of_o the_o general_a act_n of_o annexation_n they_o have_v submit_v and_o surrender_v all_o their_o title_n of_o erection_n to_o the_o king_n and_o particular_o their_o patronage_n and_o thereupon_o the_o king_n have_v by_o his_o decreet_a arbitral_n ratify_v in_o parliament_n reserve_v only_o to_o they_o their_o property_n land_n and_o teind_n and_o feu-duty_n till_o they_o be_v redeem_v and_o the_o superiority_n be_v again_o annex_v which_o be_v the_o dominium_fw-la directum_fw-la of_o these_o ecclesiastical_a barony_n the_o ecclesiastic_a patronage_n of_o the_o abbot_n comprehend_v in_o nomine_fw-la barroniae_fw-la do_v therewith_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n unless_o they_o have_v be_v dispone_v after_o dissolutlon_n or_o a_o subject_n title_n to_o the_o advocation_n donation_n or_o right_o of_o patronage_n of_o such_o kirk_n be_v perfect_v by_o prescription_n for_o the_o act_n of_o prescription_n 1617._o have_v no_o exception_n of_o the_o king_n right_o to_o which_o the_o prior_n act_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o be_v prejudge_v by_o the_o neglect_n of_o his_o officer_n do_v not_o extend_v but_o that_o interruption_n within_o the_o forty_o year_n be_v requisite_a even_o for_o the_o king_n the_o form_n whereof_o be_v order_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n and_o approven_v by_o parliament_n 1633._o cap._n 12._o but_o there_o be_v much_o more_o difficulty_n as_o to_o the_o other_o point_n concern_v the_o patronage_n of_o these_o kirk_n that_o be_v part_n of_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o abbot_n which_o before_o the_o reformation_n be_v not_o kirk_n patronat_fw-la but_o patrimonial_a but_o thereafter_o be_v dissolve_v and_o declare_v distinct_a paroch_n kirk_n the_o abbot_n power_n of_o nomination_n of_o viccar_n in_o these_o kirk_n become_v to_o be_v exercise_v by_o presentation_n to_o the_o kirk_n which_o presentation_n be_v give_v by_o the_o king_n to_o some_o kirk_n even_o where_o there_o be_v erection_n but_o in_o most_o erection_n the_o lord_n of_o erection_n do_v present_a as_o come_v in_o place_n of_o the_o abbot_n and_o do_v in_o their_o original_a or_o subsequent_a right_n insert_v the_o patronage_n of_o some_o or_o all_o of_o the_o patrimonial_a kirk_n of_o these_o abbacy_n and_o where_o the_o right_a of_o patronage_n be_v not_o express_v the_o lord_n of_o erection_n have_v but_o small_a ground_n to_o pretend_v to_o these_o and_o where_o they_o be_v express_v and_o perfect_v by_o prescription_n they_o be_v secure_a so_o that_o the_o question_n will_v remain_v as_o to_o the_o power_n of_o presentation_n to_o the_o patrimonial_a kirk_n of_o abbacy_n where_o prescription_n have_v not_o clear_v the_o question_n but_o that_o sometime_o the_o king_n sometime_o the_o
interpret_v they_o will_v render_v infeftment_n of_o small_a effect_n that_o we_o may_v proceed_v orderly_o in_o this_o matter_n we_o shall_v consider_v first_o the_o constitution_n of_o tack_n second_o the_o extent_n and_o effect_n of_o they_o three_o the_o kind_n of_o they_o four_o the_o restricstion_n and_o defect_n of_o they_o five_o the_o avoid_n and_o remove_v of_o they_o as_o to_o the_o first_o tack_n be_v also_o call_v assedation_n as_o a_o set_n or_o settle_v of_o the_o tenement_n in_o the_o land_n the_o english_a call_v they_o leass_n some_o tack_n be_v also_o call_v rental_n as_o be_v the_o constitution_n of_o a_o fix_a rent_n and_o they_o be_v of_o long_a endurance_n then_o ordinary_a tack_n be_v of_o one_o or_o more_o liserent_n and_o have_v somewhat_o special_a in_o they_o of_o which_o hereafter_o 3._o as_o to_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o tack_v consider_v first_o who_o may_v constitute_v it_o second_o of_o what_o three_o how_n for_o the_o first_o to_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o effectual_a tack_v the_o setter_n must_v not_o only_o have_v all_o the_o capacity_n requisite_a to_o contract_n but_o he_o must_v have_v right_a to_o the_o thing_n set_v and_o power_n to_o administrate_n which_o be_v tack_n may_v either_o be_v grant_v by_o commission_n if_o it_o be_v special_a as_o to_o the_o tack_n or_o at_o least_o as_o to_o matter_n of_o great_a importance_n and_o a_o general_a clause_n for_o other_o or_o otherways_o by_o tutor_n curator_n or_o other_o administrator_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o other_o concern_v who_o craig_n lib._n 2._o dieg._n 10._o move_v and_o remove_v this_o doubt_n whether_o tutor_n etc._n etc._n may_v set_v tack_n for_o long_a time_n then_o during_o their_o office_n which_o he_o resolve_v negative_o even_o though_o it_o be_v without_o the_o minor_n detriment_n continue_v the_o ancient_a tack-duty_n see_v he_o be_v so_o far_o hurt_v as_o not_o to_o have_v the_o free_a disposal_n of_o his_o own_o the_o subject_n whereof_o tack_n be_v ordinary_o set_v be_v land_n but_o it_o may_v be_v any_o other_o thing_n have_v fruit_n or_o profit_n as_o a_o fish_n a_o office_n or_o a_o casuality_n as_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o constitute_a tack_n they_o must_v be_v consider_v in_o themselves_o first_o as_o personal_a right_n second_o as_o by_o the_o statute_n become_v real_a as_o they_o be_v personal_a right_n the_o consent_n of_o the_o setter_n and_o tack-man_n agree_v in_o the_o rent_n be_v sufficient_a 4._o but_o as_o tack_n be_v become_v real_a right_n there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o write_v except_o in_o a_o tack_v of_o one_o year_n which_o may_v be_v verbal_a but_o if_o the_o agreement_n be_v for_o more_o year_n the_o setter_n may_v resile_n and_o though_o the_o tacks-man_n be_v in_o possession_n if_o he_o resile_v it_o will_v have_v no_o effect_n as_o to_o subsequent_a year_n july_n 16._o 1636._o alexander_n keith_n contra_n his_o tenant_n the_o like_a though_o the_o tennent_n possess_v and_o build_v house_n conform_v to_o the_o agreement_n yet_o the_o penalty_n of_o pay_v a_o year_n rend_v by_o the_o failzier_n to_o the_o observer_n be_v find_v to_o stand_v july_n 15._o 1637._o mr._n andrew_n skein_n contra_fw-la but_o if_o once_o there_o be_v a_o tack_v the_o setter_n promise_v not_o to_o remove_v the_o tennent_n during_o his_o life_n be_v find_v effectual_a and_o not_o to_o be_v resile_v from_o nicol._n de_fw-fr migrando_fw-la lumbsden_n contra_fw-la black_n 5._o the_o write_v requisite_a to_o constitute_v a_o tack_v require_v not_o many_o solemnity_n but_o if_o the_o thing_n set_v the_o party_n the_o rent_n and_o the_o time_n be_v clear_v the_o tack_v will_v be_v valid_a it_o be_v ordinary_o grant_v by_o the_o setter_n to_o the_o tacks-man_n for_o such_o a_o duty_n without_o any_o mutual_a obligement_n upon_o his_o part_n like_v unto_o a_o charter_n but_o because_o the_o tennent_n not_o be_v bind_v may_v at_o the_o end_n of_o any_o year_n before_o whitsonday_n renounce_v such_o a_o tack_v and_o be_v free_a as_o be_v in_o his_o favour_n therefore_o they_o be_v now_o ordinary_o by_o contract_n whereby_o the_o tacks-man_n as_o well_o as_o the_o setter_n be_v oblige_v to_o stand_v thereto_o 6._o craig_n say_v in_o the_o forecited_n place_n pactum_fw-la de_fw-la assedatione_fw-la facienda_fw-la &_o ipsa_fw-la assedatio_fw-la parificantur_fw-la praecipue_fw-la si_fw-la possessio_fw-la sequatur_fw-la which_o be_v unquestionable_a as_o to_o the_o setter_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o be_v also_o find_v against_o a_o singular_a successor_n by_o a_o personal_a obligement_n in_o a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n provide_v land_n to_o a_o wise_a and_o warrand_a the_o same_o free_a of_o all_o teind_n except_o such_o a_o quantity_n which_o be_v in_o use_n to_o be_v pay_v whereby_o a_o posteriour_a assignation_n to_o the_o tack_v of_o these_o teind_n be_v exclude_v march_v 20._o 1629._o laird_n of_o finmouth_n contra_fw-la weyms_n the_o like_a of_o a_o tack_v and_o decreet_a arbitral_n decern_v a_o tack_v to_o be_v grant_v this_o be_v in_o a_o spuilzie_n hope_n spuilzie_n john_n crawford_n contra_fw-la 7._o as_o a_o tack_v become_v a_o real_a right_n it_o must_v necessary_o be_v clad_v with_o possession_n but_o require_v no_o seasine_n or_o instrument_n or_o other_o solemnity_n july_n 11._o 1627._o wallace_n contra_fw-la harvie_n january_n 22._o 1611._o laird_n of_o pitsligo_fw-la contra_fw-la philorth_n the_o like_a though_o the_o tacks-man_n be_v in_o possession_n yet_o not_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o tack_v but_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o wodset_n though_o the_o tack_v be_v renew_v the_o time_n of_o the_o time_n of_o the_o wodset_n hope_v remove_v walter_z ord_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o fydie_a and_o therefore_o a_o posterior_n tack_v being_n first_o clad_v with_o possession_n be_v prefer_v to_o a_o prior_n tack_v june_n 23._o 1627._o mr._n john_n mcmillan_n contra_fw-la gordoun_n of_o troquhan_n 8._o yet_o a_o tack_v after_o redemption_n of_o wodsett_n land_n be_v valide_fw-la against_o singular_a successor_n as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o reversion_n though_o it_o attain_v no_o possession_n before_o the_o setter_n be_v denude_v but_o it_o be_v contrary_a in_o a_o back-tack_n appoint_v to_o follow_v a_o redemption_n of_o a_o annualrent_a for_o it_o and_o 〈◊〉_d land_n be_v diverse_a and_o the_o possession_n thereof_o diverse_a nicolson_n remove_v gavin_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la alexander_n and_o other_o but_o the_o prorogation_n of_o a_o tack_v be_v the_o renovation_n of_o it_o and_o have_v the_o same_o effect_n as_o a_o new_a tack_v of_o that_o date_n for_o the_o year_n in_o the_o prorogation_n 9_o as_o to_o the_o extension_n and_o effect_n of_o tack_n they_o be_v little_o less_o than_o of_o infeftment_n for_o thereby_o the_o tacks-man_n be_v maintain_v against_o all_o party_n have_v interest_n till_o the_o tack_v be_v outrun_v and_o be_v warn_v even_o though_o set_v by_o a_o liferenter_fw-la it_o will_v maintain_v the_o tennent_n against_o the_o fire_n either_o from_o remove_v till_o warning_n or_o from_o pay_v more_o than_o the_o liferenter_n tack_v duty_n though_o it_o be_v small_a july_n 6._o 1610._o mr._n robert_n bruce_n contra_fw-la captain_n bruce_n yea_o though_o the_o tack-duty_n be_v elusory_a set_v by_o a_o appriser_n to_o a_o person_n be_v no_o labourer_n of_o the_o ground_n february_n 3._o 1631._o blave_n contra_fw-la winrham_n the_o reason_n why_o tack_n by_o liferenter_n be_v effectual_a for_o the_o year_n in_o which_o the_o liferenter_fw-la die_v because_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n tenant_n can_v only_o be_v warn_v to_o remove_v forty_o day_n precede_v whitsonday_n so_o that_o if_o the_o liferenter_n live_v till_o thirty_o nine_o day_n before_o whitsonday_n their_o tenant_n can_v be_v remove_v but_o brook_v per_fw-la tacitam_fw-la relocationem_fw-la till_o the_o new_a time_n of_o warning_n 10._o a_o tack_v have_v also_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n upon_o seven_o year_n peaceable_a possession_n as_o a_o infeftment_n without_o necessity_n to_o dispute_v the_o setter_n right_a july_n 13._o 1636._o bishop_n of_o edinburgh_n contra_fw-la gilbert_n brown_n which_o be_v find_v where_o the_o tack_v do_v bear_v to_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o setter_n as_o heritable_a proprietar_n otherways_o a_o tack_v by_o a_o liferenter_fw-la tennent_n or_o donator_n may_v claim_v the_o benefit_n december_n 1._o 1676._o mr._n patrick_n home_n contra_fw-la sir_n laurence_n scot._n and_o therefore_o if_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o setter_n or_o liferenter_fw-la have_v any_o other_o temporary_a title_n it_o will_v be_v admit_v without_o reduction_n if_o the_o liferenter_fw-la or_o benefice_a person_n grant_a thereof_o be_v dead_a 11._o a_o tack_v set_v by_o a_o heretor_fw-la for_o a_o tack-duty_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o his_o creditor_n be_v find_v a_o real_a right_o effectual_a to_o the_o tenant_n but_o whether_o it_o will_v be_v find_v a_o real_a right_n in_o favour_n of_o
grassum_fw-la before_z and_o therefore_o rental_n express_o so_o grant_v or_o to_o tenant_n constitute_v kindly_a tenant_n though_o they_o contain_v no_o ish_n shall_v not_o be_v annul_v for_o want_v of_o a_o be_v which_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o rental_a to_o be_v a_o life-rent_a and_o it_o will_v be_v far_o contrary_a to_o that_o favour_n that_o in_o other_o case_n be_v allow_v they_o to_o sustain_v they_o but_o as_o verbal_a tack_n last_v for_o a_o year_n upon_o this_o ground_n it_o be_v that_o a_o rental_a grant_v to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n not_o bear_v the_o long_a liver_n nor_o any_o issue_n be_v yet_o find_v to_o constitute_v they_o both_o rentallers_n during_o their_o life_n and_o their_o wife_n survive_v to_o enjoy_v the_o same_o february_n 20._o 1629._o laird_n of_o ley_n young_a contra_fw-la kirkwood_n 21._o rental_n do_v ordinary_o contain_v a_o clause_n not_o to_o subset_n assign_v or_o annalzie_a which_o if_o it_o be_v contraveen_v not_o only_o the_o assignation_n or_o sub-tack_n be_v void_a but_o the_o rental_a itself_o february_n 28._o 1610._o john_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la thomas_n boid_n the_o like_a be_v subset_n as_o to_o a_o part_n pro_fw-la tanto_fw-la hope_v rental_n lord_n douglas_n contra_fw-la walkinshaw_n but_o if_o the_o assignation_n or_o sub-tack_n be_v to_o the_o major_a part_n it_o do_v annul_v the_o whole_a rental_a november_n 13._o 22._o laird_n of_o craigie_n wallace_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n yea_o though_o the_o subtack_n be_v only_o grant_v for_o certain_a year_n and_o these_o expyre_v before_o the_o pursuit_n hope_v rental_n earl_n of_o roxburgh_n contra_fw-la ker._n this_o be_v so_o far_o extend_v as_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o rental_a without_o any_o such_o clause_n that_o it_o fall_v in_o whole_a in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o ward-land_n recognosce_fw-la by_o alienate_v or_o subset_a the_o whole_a or_o major_a part_n if_o possession_n follow_v and_o that_o by_o exception_n or_o reply_n march_v 15._o 1631._o earl_n of_o galloway_n contra_fw-la burgess_n of_o wigtoun_n though_o the_o alienation_n be_v by_o excambion_n and_o be_v conditional_a if_o the_o heretor_fw-la consent_v else_o to_o be_v null_a the_o like_a where_o the_o rentall_a have_v give_v a_o disposition_n of_o the_o rentalled_a room_n whereupon_o the_o acquirer_n be_v in_o possession_n which_o be_v find_v to_o annul_v the_o rental_a albeit_o it_o bear_v assigney_n and_o to_o exclude_v a_o sub-tack_n by_o the_o rentall_a to_o that_o same_o party_n before_o any_o contraversie_n move_v february_n 21._o 1632._o laird_n of_o johnstoun_n contra_fw-la jamison_n the_o like_a though_o the_o sub-tennent_n offer_v to_o repone_v the_o rentall_a november_n 13._o 1622._o bonar_n contra_fw-la nicolson_n the_o like_a upon_o a_o assignation_n of_o a_o rental_a though_o it_o contain_v a_o power_n to_o sub-set_a and_o in-put_a and_o out-put_a tenant_n march_v 21._o 1623._o laird_n of_o craigie_n wallace_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n but_o this_o take_v no_o place_n if_o the_o sub-tack_n be_v set_v to_o the_o rentallers_n elder_a son_n who_o be_v to_o succeed_v march_v 19_o 1622._o earl_n of_o roxburgh_n contra_fw-la robert_n grace_n it_o will_v also_o be_v elide_v if_o the_o heretor_fw-la receive_v duty_n from_o the_o assignee_n as_o assignee_n hopehic_n laird_n of_o craigie_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n but_o it_o will_v not_o be_v infer_v by_o the_o rentallers_n enter_v another_o in_o possession_n without_o grant_v he_o a_o right_n in_o write_v july_n 5._o 1625._o laird_n of_o aitoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o wedderburn_n last_o of_o january_n 1633._o laird_n of_o cleghorn_n contra_fw-la crawfoord_n unless_o the_o rental_a contain_v a_o obligement_n to_o put_v no_o other_o in_o possession_n and_o than_o it_o become_v null_n by_o grant_v tolerance_n and_o that_o by_o exception_n against_o the_o person_n have_v tolerance_n without_o call_v the_o rentall_a july_n 15._o 1628._o maxwel_o contra_fw-la a_o rental_a set_v the_o keep_n of_o a_o house_n yard_n and_o other_o to_o the_o rentall_a and_o his_o heir_n as_o kindly_a tenant_n be_v not_o find_v null_a by_o demolish_n the_o house_n and_o yard_n whereby_o the_o rentall_a fail_v in_o his_o duty_n and_o in_o the_o cause_n of_o grant_v the_o rental_a january_n 29._o 1628._o duke_z of_o lennox_z contra_fw-la houstoun_n 22._o a_o sub-tack_n be_v that_o which_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o principal_a tacks-man_n to_o his_o subtennent_n who_o do_v not_o thereby_o become_v tennent_n to_o the_o setter_n of_o the_o principal_n tack_v this_o be_v competent_a to_o tacks-man_n where_o land_n be_v set_v to_o they_o or_o their_o subtennent_n or_o that_o they_o have_v power_n to_o out-put_a and_o in-put_a tenant_n and_o it_o be_v like_o a_o subaltern_a infeftment_n it_o have_v the_o same_o effect_n to_o defend_v the_o possession_n as_o the_o principal_n tack_v itself_o if_o it_o be_v clad_v with_o possession_n and_o can_v be_v take_v away_o by_o any_o renounciation_n grant_v by_o the_o principal_a tacks-man_n though_o his_o tack_v bear_v not_o assigney_n but_o though_o it_o be_v not_o observe_v it_o have_v bear_v either_o power_n to_o in-put_a tenant_n or_o sub-tennent_n july_n 14._o 1625._o earl_n of_o mortoun_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n yea_o when_o the_o principal_a tack_v be_v reduce_v for_o not_o production_n the_o subtacksman_n not_o have_v be_v call_v the_o sub-tack_n be_v sustain_v as_o a_o defence_n notwithstanding_o the_o reduction_n see_v the_o heretor_fw-la have_v consent_v to_o the_o sub-tack_n december_n 13._o 1626._o earl_n of_o galloway_n contra_fw-la meculloch_n yet_o otherways_o the_o heretor_fw-la be_v not_o oblige_v to_o know_v the_o sub-tack_n nor_o to_o call_v the_o subtacksman_n in_o the_o reduction_n of_o the_o principal_n tack_v and_o it_o become_v null_a by_o exception_n unless_o the_o substacks-man_n have_v appear_v and_o produce_v his_o interest_n in_o the_o reduction_n or_o in_o the_o second_o instance_n can_v propone_v a_o defence_n sufficient_a for_o the_o principal_a tacks-man_n or_o himself_o after_o which_o it_o do_v not_o defend_v he_o as_o bon_fw-fr a_fw-fr fidei_fw-la possessor_n after_o inhibition_n or_o draw_v the_o teind_v decem._n 11._o 1623._o earl_n of_o wigtoun_n contra_fw-la parochioner_n of_o stobo_n but_o otherways_o the_o sub-tack_n will_v be_v sufficient_a till_o warning_n this_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o sub-tack_n passive_a but_o active_a it_o be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a title_n to_o pursue_v without_o instruct_v the_o principal_a tack_v unless_o it_o have_v be_v acknowledge_v by_o the_o defender_n or_o clad_v with_o possession_n sufficient_a for_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n march_v 29._o 1622._o sir_n james_n cleiland_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o arbuckle_n for_o in_o intrusion_n or_o ejection_n sole_a possession_n be_v the_o title_n 23._o tacite_fw-la relocation_n be_v that_o which_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v the_o mind_n of_o both_o party_n after_o expire_a of_o a_o tack_v when_o neither_o the_o setter_n warn_v nor_o the_o tacks-man_n renounce_v for_o other_o signification_n of_o the_o alteration_n of_o their_o mind_n will_v not_o suffice_v these_o be_v the_o habile_fw-la way_n of_o void_a tack_n which_o be_v now_o much_o more_o strengthen_v by_o the_o statute_n prohibit_v tenant_n to_o be_v put_v out_o without_o warning_n before_o whitsonday_n but_o where_o warning_n be_v not_o requisite_a though_o other_o competent_a way_n of_o evacuate_a the_o tack_v will_v be_v sufficient_a as_o inhibition_n in_o teind_n or_o action_n for_o remove_v summary_o from_o fortalice_n coalheught_n etc._n etc._n yea_o though_o warning_n have_v be_v use_v if_o it_o prescrive_v by_o three_o year_n not_o pursue_v thereupon_o it_o have_v no_o effect_n even_o against_o tacit_a relocation_n july_n 6._o 1610._o mr._n robert_n bruice_n contra_fw-la captain_n andrew_n bruice_n there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o tacit_a relocation_n by_o take_v the_o rent_n before_o the_o hand_n during_o which_o time_n as_o craig_n observe_v in_o the_o forecited_a place_n the_o setter_n can_v remove_v the_o defunct_n successor_n for_o the_o year_n ensue_v in_o both_o which_o case_n he_o be_v understand_v to_o relocate_v tacit_o by_o these_o deed_n tacite_fw-la relocation_n have_v the_o same_o effect_n to_o maintain_v possession_n that_o the_o tack_v have_v even_o against_o singular_a successor_n and_o that_o not_o only_o to_o the_o tacksman_n but_o to_o the_o sub-tennent_n be_v possessor_n who_o allege_v the_o principal_a tacks-man_n be_v not_o warn_v and_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o allege_v he_o have_v a_o tack_v for_o term_n to_o run_v but_o only_o that_o he_o be_v not_o warn_v december_n 2._o 1628._o mr._n walter_n whitefoord_n contra_fw-la johnstoun_n but_o where_o the_o subtennent_a be_v warn_v tacit_a ralocation_n allege_v by_o the_o subtennent_a be_v not_o sustain_v without_o produce_v a_o stand_v tack_v to_o the_o principal_a tacks-man_n january_n 30._o 1663._o riccart_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o udnie_n here_o the_o warning_n be_v by_o a_o singular_a
21._o 1663._o henry_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la william_n hamiltoun_n which_o hold_v olso_o in_o adjudication_n by_o the_o late_a act_n of_o parliament_n come_v in_o place_n of_o appryzing_n but_o security_n for_o sum_n have_v be_v of_o a_o long_a time_n take_v frequent_o in_o another_o way_n viz._n by_o simple_a alienation_n titulo_fw-la venditionis_fw-la with_o a_o reversion_n which_o be_v but_o 〈◊〉_d de_fw-fr retro_fw-la vendendo_fw-la ordinary_o take_v a_o part_n that_o if_o the_o creditor_n be_v not_o satisfy_v he_o may_v force_v the_o debtor_n to_o pass_v from_o his_o reversion_n and_o so_o his_o reversion_n stand_v absolute_o which_o give_v the_o occasion_n to_o these_o kind_n of_o security_n and_o also_o because_o during_o popery_n all_o annualrent_n for_o the_o use_n of_o sum_n be_v discharge_v as_o usury_n and_o therefore_o creditor_n buy_v annualrent_n and_o give_v reversion_n to_o the_o debtor_n which_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o another_o convoy_n as_o to_o these_o wodset_n in_o this_o place_n and_o that_o first_o as_o to_o the_o constitution_n of_o wodset_n and_o next_o as_o to_o the_o destitution_n thereof_o 2._o as_o to_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o wodset_n it_o must_v be_v according_a to_o the_o thing_n or_o right_o impignorat_a for_o a_o tack_v or_o liferent_a a_o assignation_n to_o these_o or_o any_o other_o cessible_a right_n may_v be_v give_v in_o wodset_n for_o security_n and_o under_o reversion_n but_o the_o ordinary_a wodset_n be_v by_o infeftment_n of_o property_n or_o of_o annualrent_a the_o conception_n whereof_o be_v not_o under_o the_o name_n of_o impledge_v impignoration_n hypothecation_n or_o the_o like_a but_o in_o the_o term_n of_o disposition_n or_o infeftment_n whereby_o the_o property_n of_o the_o thing_n wodset_n pass_v and_o be_v establish_v in_o the_o wodsetter_n but_o under_o reversion_n to_o the_o constituent_a whereby_o it_o have_v two_o part_n the_o infeftment_n and_o the_o reversion_n the_o infeftment_n in_o wodset_n be_v in_o all_o point_n like_v to_o other_o infeftment_n whether_o they_o be_v infeftment_n of_o property_n or_o of_o annualrent_a or_o whether_o they_o be_v public_a hold_v of_o the_o constituent_v superior_a or_o base_a hold_v of_o himself_o so_o that_o all_o the_o specialty_n of_o wodset_n resolve_v in_o reversion_n 3._o a_o reversion_n be_v a_o paction_n and_o condition_n or_o provision_n for_o redemption_n of_o any_o thing_n alienat_fw-la upon_o such_o term_n as_o be_v agree_v upon_o which_o of_o itself_o be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o personal_a obligation_n whereby_o the_o wodsetter_n be_v oblige_v until_o by_o that_o excellent_a statute_n par._n 1469._o cap._n 27._o it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o reversion_n shall_v be_v effectual_a not_o only_o against_o the_o first_o wodsetter_n himself_o but_o all_o his_o successor_n in_o the_o wodset_a land_n whereby_o reversion_n be_v account_v as_o heritable_a and_o real_a right_n affect_v singular_a successor_n in_o the_o same_o way_n that_o tack_n be_v make_v real_a right_n by_o the_o statute_n thereanent_fw-la the_o english_a by_o reversion_n do_v not_o understand_v a_o right_n of_o redemption_n but_o a_o right_n of_o survivancy_n or_o succession_n as_o the_o reversion_n of_o a_o office_n be_v a_o title_n to_o that_o office_n after_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o present_a incumbent_n and_o that_o which_o we_o call_v a_o wodset_n they_o call_v a_o mortgage_n for_o a_o gage_n be_v a_o pledge_n which_o be_v real_o engage_v and_o mortgage_n be_v a_o pledge_n the_o redemption_n whereof_o die_v or_o be_v extinct_a if_o it_o be_v not_o use_v at_o the_o time_n and_o in_o the_o manner_n agree_v upon_o by_o the_o party_n of_o that_o with_o they_o in_o their_o mortgage_n not_o only_o clause_n irritant_fw-la or_o 〈◊〉_d legis_fw-la commissoriae_fw-la be_v valide_fw-la but_o if_o the_o provision_n for_o redemption_n be_v for_o a_o definite_a time_n that_o be_v elapse_v the_o mortgage_n become_v irredeemable_a by_o their_o common_a law_n what_o remeid_v may_v be_v have_v in_o the_o chanclery_n upon_o equity_n i_o know_v not_o 4._o before_o we_o come_v to_o the_o solemnity_n requisite_a for_o constitute_v reversion_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o distinguish_v the_o several_a kind_n thereof_o reversion_n be_v either_o legal_a arise_v from_o law_n and_o statute_n and_o not_o from_o consent_n of_o party_n as_o be_v the_o legal_a reversion_n of_o appryzing_n and_o adjudication_n or_o they_o be_v conventional_a by_o the_o consent_n of_o party_n which_o be_v either_o incorporate_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o wodset-right_a or_o a_o part_n they_o be_v also_o either_o principal_a reversion_n or_o eik_n to_o reversion_n and_o they_o be_v either_o solemn_a and_o perfect_v or_o only_o inchoat_fw-la such_o as_o promise_n bond_n and_o condition_n for_o grant_v reversion_n 5._o legal_a reversion_n require_v no_o other_o solemnity_n than_o what_o be_v requisite_a to_o the_o legal_a constitution_n of_o the_o right_a whereupon_o they_o follow_v the_o common_a solemnity_n requisite_a for_o reversion_n and_o other_o write_v of_o old_a be_v only_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o grant_a without_o necessity_n of_o his_o subscription_n but_o by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1555._o cap._n 29._o it_o be_v require_v that_o all_o reversion_n bond_n and_o obligation_n for_o make_v of_o reversion_n be_v not_o only_o seal_v but_o subscribe_v by_o the_o granter_n own_o hand_n and_o if_o he_o can_v write_v by_o his_o hand_n lead_v at_o the_o pen_n by_o a_o nottar_n or_o otherways_o they_o make_v no_o faith_n unless_o the_o same_o by_o consent_n of_o party_n be_v registrat_n in_o the_o book_n of_o a_o judge_n ordinar_n or_o that_o it_o be_v a_o reversion_n within_o burgh_n contain_v in_o the_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n and_o seasine_n of_o land_n by_o the_o bailie_n and_o town-clerk_n and_o by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1579._o cap._n 80._o reversion_n assignation_n and_o discharge_v thereof_o and_o eik_n thereto_o or_o other_o write_v of_o great_a importance_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v subscribe_v and_o seal_v by_o the_o principal_a party_n or_o if_o they_o can_v write_v by_o two_o nottar_n before_o four_o design_a witness_n else_o to_o be_v null_n and_o of_o no_o faith_n but_o the_o matter_n of_o reversion_n be_v perfect_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1617._o cap._n 16._o ordain_v all_o reversion_n regress_n bond_n or_o writer_n for_o make_v reversion_n assignation_n and_o discharge_v of_o the_o same_o to_o be_v registrat_n in_o the_o register_n of_o seasine_n and_o reversion_n within_o sixty_o day_n of_o their_o date_n otherways_o to_o have_v no_o effect_n save_v only_o against_o the_o granter_n thereof_o but_o not_o against_o their_o singular_a successor_n acquire_v perfect_a and_o lawful_a right_n but_o this_o be_v not_o requisite_a in_o infeftment_n of_o burgage-land_n within_o royal_a burgh_n nor_o in_o reversion_n incorporat_a in_o the_o right_n of_o wodset_n upon_o consideration_n of_o the_o inconvenience_n &_o insecurity_n of_o burgage-land_n the_o lord_n by_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la ordain_v the_o burgh_n to_o take_v sufficient_a caution_n of_o their_o town-clerk_n present_a and_o to_o come_v to_o insert_v in_o their_o book_n all_o seasine_n give_v by_o they_o of_o tenement_n within_o burgh_n and_o all_o reversion_n or_o bond_n for_o grant_v reversion_n assignation_n thereto_o and_o discharge_v thereof_o renunciation_n and_o grant_n of_o redemption_n and_o that_o within_o sixty_o day_n after_o the_o give_v of_o seasine_n or_o present_v to_o they_o of_o the_o reversion_n or_o other_o foresaid_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o damnage_n of_o party_n acquire_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la for_o onerous_a cause_n that_o they_o may_v incur_v by_o such_o latent_fw-la right_n declare_v that_o such_o seasine_n and_o reversion_n not_o insert_v in_o manner_n foresay_a to_o be_v esteem_v as_o latent_fw-la and_o fraudulent_a keep_v up_o of_o purpose_n to_o ensnare_v lawful_a purchaser_n which_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la be_v date_v february_n 22._o 1681._o so_o that_o as_o by_o the_o first_o act_n reversion_n be_v make_v effectual_a by_o this_o last_o they_o be_v make_v evident_a that_o acquirer_n may_v be_v secure_v against_o latent_fw-la reversion_n and_o by_o the_o registration_n or_o be_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o wodset_n the_o necessity_n of_o seall_v be_v take_v off_o and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o desuetude_n it_o be_v also_o consequent_a from_o this_o last_o act_n that_o not_o only_o formal_a and_o solemn_a reversion_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o wodset_n or_o registrat_n be_v effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n but_o also_o bond_n and_o write_v for_o make_v of_o reversion_n otherways_o there_o need_v no_o ordinance_n to_o registrate_n these_o for_o the_o purchaser_n security_n if_o of_o themselves_o they_o can_v affect_v purchaser_n but_o promise_n of_o reversion_n be_v no_o way_n effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n unless_o they_o have_v be_v bring_v into_o write_v at_o least_o by_o decreet_a before_o these_o
successor_n right_a because_o be_v only_o probable_a by_o oath_n of_o party_n the_o oath_n of_o the_o author_n will_v not_o prove_v against_o his_o singular_a successor_n neither_o will_v declaration_n backband_n or_o condition_n of_o trust_n be_v comprehend_v under_o reversion_n but_o they_o remain_v obliegement_n personal_a upon_o the_o person_n entrust_v unless_o they_o contain_v express_v obligement_n to_o re-dispone_a which_o be_v a_o reversion_n albeit_o it_o be_v not_o formal_a or_o if_o it_o bear_v to_o denude_v himself_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o disponer_n or_o any_o other_o but_o if_o it_o be_v but_o in_o trust_n to_o his_o behoof_n though_o thereupon_o via_fw-la actionis_fw-la he_o may_v be_v compel_v to_o denude_v yet_o be_v no_o reversion_n and_o however_o have_v no_o effect_n against_o singular_a successor_n unless_o they_o be_v registrate_n as_o aforesaid_a except_o in_o so_o far_o as_o they_o may_v be_v ground_n of_o reduction_n against_o the_o party_n entrust_v or_o their_o singular_a successor_n partaker_n of_o the_o fraud_n 6._o it_o be_v also_o frequent_o provide_v in_o reversion_n that_o if_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o reversion_n be_v not_o perform_v betwixt_o and_o such_o a_o time_n the_o reversion_n shall_v expire_v and_o sometime_o it_o be_v provide_v so_o to_o be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la without_o declarator_n this_o be_v a_o clause_n irritant_fw-la irritate_v or_o annul_v the_o reversion_n which_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v call_v pactum_fw-la legis_fw-la commissoriae_fw-la in_o pignoribus_fw-la and_o be_v thereby_o reject_v and_o void_a as_o a_o usurary_a paction_n whereby_o the_o wodsetter_n get_v more_o than_o his_o just_a interest_n as_o a_o penalty_n which_o therefore_o as_o in_o other_o case_n aught_o to_o be_v modify_v to_o the_o just_a interest_n especial_o see_v indigent_a debtor_n through_o necessity_n of_o borrow_a money_n will_v be_v easy_o induce_v to_o such_o clause_n and_o therefore_o a_o back-band_n for_o redemption_n of_o a_o tenement_n bear_v such_o a_o clause_n irritant_fw-la be_v find_v null_a two_o year_n after_o the_o term_n and_o after_o a_o decreet_a of_o remove_v all_o melioration_n be_v satisfy_v july_n 8._o 1636._o cleghorn_n contra_fw-la ferguson_n the_o like_a be_v find_v in_o a_o assignation_n to_o a_o bond_n under_o reversion_n of_o a_o small_a sum_n which_o be_v find_v penal_a and_o modify_v to_o the_o just_a interest_n june_n 25._o 1623._o mitchel_n contra_fw-la robson_n yet_o such_o clause_n irritant_fw-la be_v effectual_a upon_o the_o failie_a commit_v unless_o they_o be_v purge_v by_o performance_n which_o be_v ordinary_o receive_v when_o offer_v at_o the_o bar_n in_o the_o declarator_n of_o the_o expirie_n of_o the_o reversion_n so_o be_v it_o find_v purgeable_a at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o reversers_n creditor_n 19_o of_o march_n 1631._o doctor_n scot_n contra_fw-la dickson_n of_o headrig_n yea_o though_o the_o payment_n be_v not_o present_a a_o time_n will_v be_v grant_v before_o the_o extract_v of_o the_o decreet_a of_o declarator_n of_o the_o expirie_n of_o the_o reversion_n that_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o failie_n may_v be_v purge_v feb._n 7._o 1628._o pringle_n contra_fw-la ker_n but_o no_o such_o time_n be_v grant_v where_o the_o requisition_n be_v upon_o ninescore_o day_n but_o decreet_a be_v give_v unless_o present_a payment_n be_v make_v july_n 19_o 1625._o nairn_n contra_fw-la napier_n but_o clause_n irritant_fw-la in_o reversion_n be_v only_o thus_o qualify_v in_o real_a impignoration_n but_o when_o the_o reversion_n be_v of_o a_o true_a sale_n not_o in_o security_n but_o for_o a_o equivalent_a price_n or_o where_o it_o be_v grant_v after_o the_o right_n relate_v to_o and_o not_o for_o implement_n of_o a_o promise_n or_o condition_n make_v at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v valid_a for_o only_o pactum_fw-la legis_fw-la commissoriae_fw-la in_o pignoribus_fw-la be_v reject_v in_o law_n and_o therefore_o the_o irritancie_n be_v not_o find_v purgeable_a before_o the_o declarator_n where_o the_o reversion_n be_v of_o land_n dispone_v for_o a_o competent_a price_n by_o a_o true_a sale_n january_n 17._o 1679._o james_n beatsone_fw-mi contra_fw-la harrower_n a_o bond_n bear_v that_o fail_v heirs-male_a of_o the_o grant_a and_o of_o his_o brother_n body_n that_o the_o heirs-female_a shall_v denude_v in_o favour_n of_o a_o sister_n son_n upon_o payment_n of_o a_o certain_a sum_n be_v registrat_n in_o the_o register_n of_o reversion_n be_v find_v valid_a against_o a_o singular_a successor_n as_o a_o conditional_a reversion_n and_o not_o as_o a_o substitution_n albeit_o the_o bond_n be_v grant_v by_o a_o heretor_fw-la and_o that_o the_o land_n be_v never_o wodset_v but_o become_v redeemable_a by_o this_o bond_n and_o be_v not_o prejudge_v by_o a_o posterior_n liferent_a grant_v by_o that_o heretor_fw-la in_o favour_n of_o his_o wife_n which_o will_v have_v be_v effectual_a if_o it_o have_v be_v a_o substitution_n but_o the_o sum_n upon_o which_o the_o heir-female_a be_v oblige_v to_o denude_v be_v ordain_v to_o be_v re-imployed_n for_o the_o wife_n in_o liferent_a january_n 16._o 1679._o laird_n of_o lambertoun_n contra_fw-la lady_n blanergesk_n 7._o as_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o reversion_n they_o be_v stricti_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o not_o to_o be_v extend_v beyond_o what_o be_v express_v and_o so_o not_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o sassigney_n of_o the_o reverse_a when_o not_o express_v yea_o not_o to_o his_o heir_n unless_o it_o be_v so_o express_v but_o where_o heir_n of_o the_o reverser_n be_v not_o express_v without_o adject_v the_o ordinary_a clause_n of_o pay_v the_o debt_n to_o the_o wodsetter_n by_o the_o reverser_n any_o time_n during_o his_o life_n and_o so_o heir_n be_v not_o find_v omit_v dedita_fw-la opera_fw-la but_o by_o negligence_n they_o be_v not_o exclude_v january_n 9_o 1662._o earl_n of_o murray_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o grant_v and_o a_o reversion_n take_v by_o a_o father_n dispone_v to_o his_o son_n find_v to_o be_v extend_v against_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o son_n though_o heir_n be_v not_o mention_v feb._n 6._o 1630._o muir_n contra_fw-la muir_n the_o like_a spot_n redemption_n william_n hamilton_n contra_fw-la hamilton_n and_o therefore_o the_o day_n of_o consignation_n be_v appoint_v eight_o day_n after_o the_o term_n the_o consignation_n be_v not_o sustain_v at_o the_o term_n itself_o though_o these_o day_n be_v introduce_v in_o the_o reversers_n favour_n july_n 12._o 1634._o lord_n balmerino_n contra_fw-la eliot_n of_o stobs_n yet_o where_o the_o reversion_n bear_v the_o premonition_n to_o be_v at_o the_o paroch-church_n it_o be_v sustain_v be_v use_v only_o personal_o decemb._n 11._o 1638._o finlason_n contra_fw-la weyms_n and_o where_o the_o reversion_n do_v bear_v consignation_n at_o the_o creditor_n house_n in_o london_n it_o be_v sustain_v be_v at_o his_o successor_n house_n at_o edinburgh_n feb._n 1._o 1667._o creditor_n of_o sir_n james_n murray_n contra_fw-la sir_n james_n murray_n 8._o the_o constitution_n or_o nature_n of_o wodset_n be_v thus_o clear_v as_o to_o the_o kind_n thereof_o wodset_n be_v either_o proper_a or_o improper_a and_o they_o be_v either_o public_a or_o base_a 9_o a_o proper_a wodset_n be_v where_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o thing_n wodset_n be_v only_o give_v for_o the_o annualrent_a of_o the_o sum_n and_o the_o hazard_n or_o benefit_n thereof_o whether_o it_o rise_v or_o fall_v be_v the_o wodsetter_n and_o there_o have_v never_o be_v any_o case_n decide_v find_v such_o proper_a wodset_n usurary_a upon_o exorbitancy_n of_o profit_n but_o by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1661._o betwixt_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n all_o wodset_n before_o that_o act_n though_o proper_a be_v so_o alter_v that_o if_o the_o person_n have_v right_o to_o the_o reversion_n offer_v surety_n and_o demand_n possession_n the_o wodsetter_n must_v quite_o possession_n or_o else_o restrict_n himself_o to_o his_o annualrent_n and_o count_v for_o the_o superplus_n and_o that_o not_o from_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n or_o citation_n but_o from_o the_o offer_n of_o security_n which_o be_v not_o sustain_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o singular_a successor_n in_o the_o right_n of_o neversion_n not_o have_v produce_v his_o right_n to_o the_o neversion_n at_o the_o requisition_n and_o though_o it_o be_v produce_v in_o the_o process_n the_o wodsetter_n be_v not_o find_v oblige_v to_o restrict_n or_o cede_fw-la the_o possession_n because_o he_o be_v in_o natural_a possession_n by_o labourage_n till_o he_o be_v warn_v before_o whitsonday_n feb._n 20._o 1679._o bruce_n contra_fw-la robert_n bogie_n though_o there_o be_v a_o clause_n in_o the_o wodset_n renunce_v the_o usurper_n act_n and_o all_o such_o act_n make_v or_o to_o be_v make_v for_o that_o exception_n in_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n relate_v only_o to_o precede_a clause_n thereof_o and_o not_o to_o the_o clause_n anent_o wodset_n which_o be_v posterior_n january_n 29._o 1662._o laird_n of_o lamingtoun_n contra_fw-la sir_n john_n
order_n of_o redemption_n be_v lawful_o use_v the_o action_n thereupon_o be_v a_o declarator_n of_o redemption_n because_o it_o be_v the_o order_n that_o constitute_v the_o redemption_n and_o the_o declarator_n but_o find_v and_o declare_v it_o to_o be_v orderly_o proceed_v and_o decern-the_a wodsetter_n to_o denud_n himself_o conform_v thereto_o and_o therefore_o though_o the_o reversion_n be_v personal_a exclude_v assigney_n if_o that_o person_n once_o use_v the_o order_n he_o may_v assign_v it_o and_o dispone_n the_o land_n as_o redeem_v and_o the_o assignee_n at_o any_o time_n even_o after_o his_o death_n will_v have_v interest_n to_o declare_v july_n 29._o 1623._o earl_n marischal_n contra_fw-la his_o brother_n march_n 3._o 1630._o murray_n contra_fw-la myl_n july_n 30._o 1650._o campbel_n contra_fw-la dick._n declarator_n of_o redemption_n be_v sustain_v upon_o a_o order_n use_v against_o a_o defunct_a and_o the_o declarator_n pursue_v against_o his_o appearand_a heir_n without_o a_o charge_n to_o enter_v heir_n or_o a_o new_a order_n december_n 11._o 1638_o findlayson_n contra_fw-la weims_n but_o in_o the_o decreet_a of_o declarator_n of_o redemption_n against_o the_o appearand_a heir_n they_o can_v be_v decern_v to_o denude_v unless_o they_o be_v charge_v to_o enter_v heir_n yet_o the_o declarator_n itself_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o extinguish_v the_o wodset_n against_o singular_a successor_n but_o it_o will_v not_o convey_v the_o right_n of_o wodset_n to_o the_o redeemer_n and_o therefore_o if_o he_o be_v not_o infeft_v or_o heir_n to_o a_o person_n infeft_v in_o the_o wodset_a land_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o charge_v the_o appearand_a heir_n to_o enter_v to_o the_o effect_n he_o may_v denude_v and_o dispone_v and_o therefore_o a_o declarator_n of_o redemption_n against_o a_o appearand_a heir_n do_v bear_v that_o the_o sum_n shall_v not_o be_v give_v up_o till_o the_o appearand_a heir_n be_v infeft_v and_o resigned_n january_n 10._o 1665._o campbel_n contra_fw-la brison_n it_o be_v also_o sustain_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o appryzer_n of_o the_o reversion_n without_o call_v he_o from_o who_o it_o be_v apprise_v but_o only_o the_o wodsetter_n december_n 17._o 1629._o carnousie_n contra_fw-la lesmore_n in_o respect_n that_o the_o apprize_a be_v a_o legal_a assignation_n of_o the_o right_n of_o reversion_n grant_v by_o the_o wodsetters_n author_n and_o there_o have_v be_v no_o interveen_v singular_a successor_n but_o in_o redemption_n against_o singular_a successor_n in_o wodsetts_n who_o right_n do_v not_o instruct_v that_o they_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o reversion_n the_o pursuer_fw-mi must_v instruct_v that_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o reversion_n stand_v infeft_v in_o fee_n otherways_o that_o singular_a successor_n will_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o reversion_n and_o because_o the_o successor_n of_o the_o first_o wodsetter_n will_v have_v warrandice_n against_o the_o first_o wodsetter_n or_o his_o heir_n if_o they_o have_v dispone_v the_o land_n without_o reserve_v the_o reversion_n therefore_o in_o that_o case_n only_o the_o first_o wodsetter_n or_o his_o heir_n if_o he_o can_v be_v condescend_v upon_o have_v any_o visible_a estate_n have_v be_v of_o old_a accustom_a to_o be_v call_v which_o be_v not_o necessary_a in_o other_o case_n and_o have_v be_v the_o ground_n of_o that_o decision_n july_n 9_o 1630._o fisher_n contra_fw-la brown_n where_o it_o be_v find_v necessary_a to_o call_v the_o heir_n of_o the_o grant_a of_o reversion_n if_o the_o defender_n can_v condescend_v upon_o they_o for_o the_o ancient_a custom_n have_v be_v to_o have_v more_o respect_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o reversion_n then_o to_o the_o singular_a successor_n present_a possessor_n of_o the_o wodset_n as_o craig_n observe_v l._n 2._o dieges_fw-fr 6._o that_o sometime_o redemption_n have_v be_v sustain_v upon_o premonition_n and_o citation_n only_o of_o he_o who_o grant_v the_o reversion_n or_o his_o heir_n but_o ever_o since_o the_o present_a heritable_a possessor_n of_o the_o wodset_n must_v necessary_o be_v premonish_v and_o cite_v and_o but_o seldom_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o reversion_n or_o his_o heir_n as_o where_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o reversion_n be_v immediate_a author_n to_o the_o singular_a successor_n against_o who_o the_o order_n be_v use_v as_o in_o the_o former_a case_n his_o own_o right_n behove_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o right_n of_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o reversion_n who_o be_v common_a author_n and_o may_v intimate_v the_o plea_n to_o he_o but_o can_v not_o be_v oblige_v so_o to_o do_v where_o his_o own_o right_n show_v no_o right_n from_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o reversion_n a_o redemption_n be_v voluntary_a without_o process_n be_v sustain_v against_o a_o sub-wodsetters_a right_n be_v a_o liserent_a by_o the_o wodsetter_n to_o his_o wife_n albeit_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d yet_o the_o redeemer_n be_v not_o find_v oblige_v to_o know_v it_o but_o it_o be_v find_v take_v away_o without_o any_o order_n against_o she_o or_o citation_n of_o she_o july_n 27._o 1665._o lillias_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la her_o tenant_n redemption_n upon_o a_o rose-noble_n use_v upon_o the_o sabbath-day_n albeit_o the_o instrument_n of_o consignation_n do_v not_o bear_v the_o reversion_n be_v show_v nor_o read_v be_v sustain_v spot_n redemption_n laird_n of_o newwark_n contra_fw-la his_o son_n but_o this_o will_v not_o be_v draw_v in_o example_n among_o stranger_n where_o the_o wodset_n be_v redeemable_a upon_o considerable_a sum_n for_o though_o consignation_n upon_o the_o sabbath-day_n by_o a_o father_n against_o his_o son_n be_v sustain_v 〈◊〉_d non_fw-la debet_fw-la sed_fw-la factum_fw-la valet_fw-la yet_o the_o wodsetter_n can_v be_v oblige_v to_o attend_v and_o perform_v the_o requisite_n of_o consignation_n by_o numeration_n of_o money_n perusal_n of_o write_v and_o subscribe_v a_o renunciation_n upon_o the_o sabbath-day_n redemption_n be_v sustainedwithout_n necessity_n to_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi to_o uplift_v the_o sum_n consign_v from_o the_o consignatar_n and_o re-produce_a they_o at_o the_o bar_n unless_o it_o be_v instruct_v he_o have_v take_v they_o up_o december_n 7._o 1631._o grierson_n contra_fw-la gordoun_n where_o the_o extract_n be_v supercee_v till_o the_o consignatar_n be_v charge_v summary_o upon_o letter_n grant_v upon_o the_o instrument_n of_o consignation_n to_o exhibit_v the_o consign_v money_n but_o no_o annualrent_n be_v find_v due_a after_o consignation_n a_o redemption_n be_v sustain_v without_o production_n of_o the_o reversion_n the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v a_o appryzer_n and_o prove_v that_o the_o reversion_n be_v in_o the_o defender_n own_o hand_n february_n 19_o 1662._o child_n of_o wolmet_n contra_fw-la mr._n mark_n k_fw-mi the_o like_a where_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v a_o singular_a successor_n february_n 17._o 1663._o colonel_n james_n montgomery_n contra_fw-la robert_n halybruntoun_n yea_o a_o order_n use_v by_o a_o assignee_n sustain_v though_o he_o show_v not_o his_o assignation_n till_o the_o process_n of_o declarator_n yet_o so_o as_o the_o wodsetter_n be_v not_o countable_a for_o the_o rent_n but_o from_o the_o production_n of_o the_o assignation_n february_n 19_o 1674._o lord_n borthwick_n contra_fw-la pringles_n yet_o redemption_n be_v not_o sustain_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o heir_n not_o be_v enter_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o order_n though_o enter_v before_o declarator_n january_n 19_o 1672._o lord_n lovat_n and_o kintail_v contra_fw-la lord_n mcdonald_n but_o if_o the_o redeemer_n uplift_v the_o consign_v money_n he_o must_v produce_v the_o same_o with_o the_o annualrent_n and_o will_v have_v right_a to_o the_o rent_n during_o that_o time_n hope_v confirmation_n baikie_n contra_fw-la december_n 8._o 1671._o forrest_n contra_fw-la brounlie_n november_n 29._o 1672._o duke_n of_o buckleugh_n contra_fw-la scot_n of_o thirlestain_n redemption_n be_v not_o eleided_a because_o the_o sum_n be_v consign_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o redeemer_n own_o servant_n and_o take_v up_o from_o he_o see_v it_o be_v offer_v at_o the_o bar_n and_o no_o special_a provision_n in_o the_o reversion_n anent_o the_o consignatar_n hope_v confirmation_n laird_n of_o drum_n contra_fw-la wishart_n the_o like_a though_o there_o be_v a_o instrument_n of_o another_o nottar_n contrary_a the_o order_n of_o redemption_n july_n 18._o 1610._o earl_n of_o kinghorn_n contra_fw-la kincaid_n 20._o the_o effect_n of_o declarator_n of_o redemption_n be_v that_o it_o make_v the_o redeem_a land_n belong_v to_o the_o redeemer_n and_o make_v the_o sum_n consign_v movable_a and_o to_o belong_v to_o the_o wodsetters_n executor_n if_o he_o have_v accept_v the_o consignation_n or_o declarator_n do_v follow_v in_o his_o life-time_n but_o if_o declarator_n do_v follow_v after_o the_o wodsetters_n death_n the_o consign_v sum_n will_v not_o belong_v to_o his_o executor_n but_o to_o his_o heir_n who_o remain_v propietar_n of_o the_o wodset_n but_o if_o declarator_n pass_v in_o the_o wodsetters_n life_n it_o do_v take_v
away_o the_o real_a right_n of_o wodset_n so_o the_o money_n come_v to_o be_v in_o the_o property_n of_o the_o wodsetter_n as_o movable_a and_o fall_v to_o his_o executor_n which_o till_o a_o declarator_n be_v not_o so_o see_v the_o order_n may_v be_v pass_v from_o december_n 19_o 1629._o 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la miller_n where_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o consignatar_n be_v oblige_v to_o redeliver_v the_o consign_v money_n to_o the_o consigner_n his_o heir_n or_o assigney_n pass_v from_o the_o order_n though_o the_o wodsetter_n to_o who_o use_n it_o be_v consign_v be_v not_o call_v the_o like_a be_v find_v that_o till_o declarator_n the_o congned_a sum_n remain_v in_o the_o property_n of_o the_o consigner_n and_o belong_v not_o to_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o wodsetter_n but_o to_o his_o heir_n or_o where_o declarator_n of_o redemption_n be_v after_o the_o wodsetters_n death_n january_n 21._o 1673._o thomas_n nicol_n contra_fw-la lourie_n june_n 18._o 1675._o laird_n of_o lie_n contra_fw-la forbes_n of_o blacktoun_n upon_o declarator_n of_o redemption_n letter_n will_v be_v obtain_v summary_o against_o the_o consignatar_n to_o re-produce_a the_o consign_v money_n december_n 7_o 1631._o 1631._o grierson_n contra_fw-la gordoun_n but_o though_o the_o instrument_n of_o consignation_n will_v instruct_v the_o consignation_n against_o the_o wodsetter_n yet_o it_o will_v not_o prove_v against_o the_o consignatar_n without_o his_o oath_n or_o write_v subscribe_v by_o his_o own_o hand_n january_n 14._o 1630._o lausree_fw-mi contra_fw-la miller_n 21._o redemption_n be_v not_o elide_v by_o a_o singular_a successor_n obtain_v infeftment_n of_o the_o wodset_n landsafter_o the_o order_n or_o at_o least_o the_o infeftment_n be_v base_a not_o clad_v with_o possession_n till_o after_o the_o order_n though_o it_o be_v clad_v with_o seven_o year_n possession_n before_o declarator_n hope_v confirmation_n earl_n of_o errol_n contra_fw-la tenant_n and_o lady_n seaforth_n 22._o wodset_n be_v also_o take_v off_o by_o premonition_n or_o requisition_n require_v the_o sum_n upon_o which_o the_o wodset_n be_v grant_v which_o make_v the_o sum_n movable_a and_o the_o infeftment_n of_o wodset_n void_a yet_o so_o that_o the_o requir_a may_v pass_v from_o his_o requisition_n and_o the_o infeftment_n revive_v january_n 29._o 1635._o james_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o calder_n the_o requisition_n may_v be_v also_o past_a from_o indireclty_n by_o uplift_v the_o duty_n of_o the_o wodset_a land_n for_o term_n after_o the_o requisition_n hope_v usury_n thomas_n waliace_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o edzel_n or_o take_v posterior_n term_n of_o annualrent_a from_o principal_n or_o cautioner_n requisition_n require_v also_o the_o same_o solemnity_n that_o premonition_n require_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o sustain_v where_o the_o procurator_n design_v no_o time_n nor_o place_n to_o pay_v the_o money_n require_v and_o the_o instrument_n be_v mend_v at_o the_o bar_n as_o to_o the_o read_n of_o the_o procuratory_n and_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o refer_v to_o the_o defender_n oath_n which_o the_o lord_n admit_v not_o the_o instrument_n be_v otherways_o produce_v in_o judgement_n this_o be_v in_o expyre_v of_o a_o reversion_n for_o not_o payment_n upon_o requisition_n the_o like_a when_o the_o requisition_n bear_v that_o february_n 7._o 1628._o maxwel_o contra_fw-la laird_n of_o innerweek_n the_o like_a where_o the_o requisition_n mention_v not_o the_o production_n or_o the_o procuratory_n though_o it_o bear_v not_o it_o to_o be_v call_v november_n 13._o 1622._o laird_n of_o bass_n contra_fw-la wauchop_n this_o be_v in_o a_o requisition_n only_o to_o validat_n a_o charge_n the_o contrary_n be_v find_v where_o it_o bear_v that_o the_o procurators_n power_n be_v know_v to_o he_o and_o the_o witness_n january_n 18._o 1665._o stuart_n contra_fw-la stuart_n here_o there_o be_v a_o apprise_v deduce_v upon_o the_o requisition_n the_o like_a where_o the_o procuratory_n be_v not_o call_v for_o and_o be_v in_o the_o procurators_n hand_n june_n 28._o 1671._o helen_n home_n contra_fw-la lord_n justice_n clerk_n 23._o declarator_n of_o redemption_n or_o renunciation_n or_o grant_v of_o redemption_n do_v ordinary_o bear_v that_o the_o wodsetter_n renunce_v all_o right_a to_o the_o wodset_a land_n and_o albeit_o he_o have_v a_o distinct_a right_n it_o will_v not_o stop_v the_o declarator_n nor_o oblige_v the_o redeemer_n to_o debate_v thereanent_a in_o that_o process_n nor_o will_v it_o stop_v the_o enter_v the_o redeemer_n in_o the_o possession_n in_o which_o he_o enter_v by_o the_o wodset_n but_o that_o right_a will_v only_o be_v reserve_v november_n 22._o 1677._o sir_n archibald_n stuart_n of_o castlemilk_n contra_fw-la duke_n of_o hamiltoun_n and_o if_o the_o wodsetter_n condescend_v upon_o and_o give_v evidence_n of_o any_o other_o right_n beside_o the_o wodset_n it_o will_v be_v particular_o reserve_v or_o the_o renunciation_n will_v only_o bear_v all_o right_a by_o virtue_n of_o the_o wodset_n hope_v confirmation_n baikie_n contra_fw-la july_n 2._o 1623._o earl_n of_o errol_n contra_fw-la bukie_n and_o in_o the_o case_n of_o redemption_n of_o a_o apprize_a the_o renunciation_n be_v restrict_v to_o the_o right_n in_o question_n february_n 22._o 1631._o murray_n contra_fw-la lord_n yester_n declarator_n of_o redemption_n do_v discern_v the_o wodsetter_n to_o renunce_v and_o resign_v all_o right_n to_o the_o wodset_a land_n unless_o a_o right_n distinct_a from_o the_o wodset_n can_v be_v instruct_v which_o will_v be_v except_v or_o a_o evidence_n give_v of_o such_o a_o right_n which_o thereupon_o will_v be_v reserve_v but_o a_o general_a reservation_n of_o other_o right_n be_v not_o sustain_v but_o a_o declarator_n of_o redemption_n be_v find_v a_o species_n of_o declarator_n of_o right_n after_o which_o no_o right_a competent_a and_o omit_v will_v be_v sustain_v which_o be_v then_o know_v february_n 2._o 1676._o duke_n of_o lauderdail_n contra_fw-la lord_n and_o lady_n yester_n title_n xxi_o extinction_n of_o infeftment_n where_o of_o resignation_n ad_fw-la remanentiam_fw-la recognition_n disclamation_n purpresture_n and_o other_o feudal_n delinquence_n 1._o the_o form_n of_o resignation_n ad_fw-la remanentiam_fw-la 2._o they_o may_v be_v by_o procurator_n or_o propriis_fw-la manibus_fw-la 3._o instrument_n of_o resignation_n prove_v not_o without_o a_o warrant_n in_o write_v 4._o resignation_n ad_fw-la remanentiam_fw-la be_v valide_fw-la without_o registration_n till_o the_o year_n 1669._o 5._o resignation_n imply_v all_o burden_n by_o the_o vassal_n affect_v the_o fee._n 6._o resignation_n by_o he_o who_o have_v no_o right_a with_o consent_n of_o he_o who_o have_v right_a how_o far_o effectual_a 7._o how_o far_o superior_n may_v not_o reject_v resignation_n ad_fw-la remanentiam_fw-la 8._o how_o infeftment_n become_v extinct_a by_o succession_n as_o heir_n or_o singulari_fw-la titulo_fw-la 9_o the_o original_n of_o extinction_n of_o fee_n not_o by_o the_o vassal_n consent_n but_o by_o his_o deed_n 10._o recognition_n by_o alienation_n of_o the_o ward_n fee._n 11._o recognition_n by_o infeftment_n a_o se._n 12._o whether_o recognition_n can_v be_v incur_v by_o deed_n in_o minority_n or_o on_o deathbed_n 13._o whether_o recognition_n can_v be_v incur_v by_o subfeudation_a 14._o how_o far_o feve_v exceed_v the_o half_a of_o the_o full_a rent_n may_v subsist_v without_o recognition_n 15._o in_o what_o case_n other_o feve_n of_o ward-land_n infer_v not_o recognition_n 16._o recognition_n by_o alienation_n be_v only_o of_o land_n clear_o ward_v simple_a or_o tax_v 17._o recognition_n be_v not_o incur_v unless_o the_o major_a part_n be_v alienate_v 18._o recognition_n be_v not_o incur_v by_o alienation_n to_o the_o vassal_n appearand_a heir_n 19_o whether_o recognition_n be_v incur_v by_o alienation_n on_o condition_n that_o the_o superior_a consent_n 20._o inhibition_n exclude_v not_o recognition_n 21._o recognition_n be_v not_o exclude_v by_o the_o vassal_n drunkeness_n when_o he_o alienat_fw-la 22._o how_o the_o superior_n consent_n may_v be_v adhibite_fw-la to_o alienation_n to_o shun_v recognition_n 23._o how_o far_o the_o king_n confirmation_n without_o a_o novodamus_fw-la take_v off_o recognition_n 24._o how_o recognition_n be_v take_v off_o by_o homologation_n 25._o recognition_n exclude_v all_o infeftment_n tack_n or_o servitude_n by_o the_o vassal_n deed_n without_o the_o superior_n consent_n or_o authority_n of_o law_n 26._o servitude_n by_o prescription_n be_v not_o exclude_v by_o recognition_n 27._o in_o recognition_n who_o must_v be_v cite_v and_o who_o may_v compear_v 28._o the_o title_n and_o order_n in_o declarator_n of_o recognition_n 29._o disclamation_n how_o incur_v 30._o purpresture_n how_o incur_v 31._o feudal_n delinquence_n adduce_v by_o the_o feudist_n for_o resolve_v fee_n 32._o attrocious_a deed_n against_o vassal_n fidelity_n to_o their_o superior_n resolve_v their_o fee_n 33._o how_o far_o the_o ignorance_n or_o weakness_n of_o the_o vassal_n excuse_n with_o other_o exception_n for_o the_o vassal_n 34._o whether_o the_o delinquence_n of_o the_o sub
custom_n rule_v ordinary_o according_a to_o the_o feudal-book_n the_o doubt_n remain_v which_o may_v be_v clear_v thus_o first_o though_o in_o some_o case_n alienation_n be_v extend_v to_o location_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o so_o by_o the_o common_a feudal_a custom_n second_o if_o the_o subfeudation_a be_v a_o real_a feu-ferm_a whereby_o the_o feu-duty_n be_v considerable_a and_o competent_a to_o entertain_v the_o vassal_n such_o subfeudation_a be_v thereby_o account_v only_a lacation_n nor_o do_v it_o infer_v recognition_n be_v in_o effect_n no_o more_o than_o a_o perpetual_a location_n whereby_o the_o antinomy_n in_o the_o feudal_n law_n be_v sufficient_o reconcile_v that_o such_o sub-feudations_a be_v not_o alienation_n but_o if_o the_o subfeudation_a be_v ward_n blensh_fw-mi or_o in_o mortification_n or_o though_o it_o be_v under_o the_o name_n of_o emphyteosis_n yet_o for_o a_o elusory_a or_o a_o inconsiderable_a and_o unproportionable_a feu-duty_n which_o by_o no_o estimation_n can_v be_v correspodent_a to_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o fee_n but_o within_o the_o half_a of_o the_o true_a worth_n in_o these_o case_n the_o subfeudation_a be_v alienation_n infer_v recognition_n 14._o as_o to_o our_o own_o custom_n in_o this_o point_n they_o do_v agree_v to_o the_o common_a feudal_n custom_n as_o to_o subaltern_n infeftment_n blensh_fw-mi ward_n or_o in_o mortification_n or_o elusory_a or_o unprofitable_a feus_n but_o as_o to_o feve_n by_o which_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o ward_n or_o fee_n be_v not_o take_v away_o though_o such_o case_n have_v not_o occur_v to_o be_v controvert_v they_o seem_v not_o to_o infer_v recognition_n for_o if_o the_o major_a part_n be_v not_o alienate_v subaltern_n infeudation_n though_o blensh_fw-mi or_o in_o mortification_n infer_v not_o recognition_n when_o these_o right_n be_v disjunctim_fw-la of_o part_n of_o the_o fee_n there_o appear_v no_o reason_n that_o the_o subfeudation_n of_o the_o whole_a with_o a_o feu-duty_n equivalent_a to_o the_o half_a of_o the_o true_a rent_n whereby_o in_o effect_n the_o half_a be_v not_o alienate_v see_v the_o dominium_fw-la directum_fw-la of_o the_o whole_a and_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o half_a be_v retain_v shall_v infer_v recognition_n especial_o now_o when_o general_o fee_n be_v grant_v for_o cause_n onerous_a 15._o and_o by_o the_o statute_n allow_v feve_n par._n 1457._o cap._n 72._o it_o be_v provide_v that_o the_o feu_fw-fr be_v set_v to_o a_o competent_a avail_n which_o by_o the_o say_a statute_n be_v clear_v to_o be_v without_o diminution_n of_o the_o rental_a and_o which_o be_v common_o interpret_v the_o retoure_n duty_n because_o it_o be_v the_o public_a valuation_n and_o rate_n at_o that_o time_n and_o by_o the_o say_a statute_n such_o feve_n be_v confirm_v and_o declare_v not_o to_o be_v prejudge_v by_o the_o ward_n without_o mention_n of_o the_o hazard_n of_o recognition_n as_o not_o be_v consequent_a upon_o such_o feve_n but_o this_o statute_n be_v abrogate_v as_o to_o the_o liege_n par._n 18._o ja._n 6._o cap._n 12._o all_o sub-feves_a of_o ward-land_n hold_v of_o subject_n without_o the_o superior_n consent_n be_v declare_v null_n and_o void_a but_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o recognition_n to_o be_v incur_v thereby_o and_o feve_n be_v only_o prohibit_v as_o be_v in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o over-lord_n who_o be_v not_o prejudge_v if_o the_o major_a part_n be_v not_o alienate_v see_v all_o subaltern_n infeftment_n not_o exceed_v the_o half_a be_v allow_v by_o law_n and_o albeit_o the_o narrative_a of_o the_o act_n respect_n feve_v precede_v it_o yet_o the_o statutory_a part_n be_v only_o as_o to_o feve_v grant_v thereafter_o and_o the_o like_a prohibition_n be_v appoint_v for_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n vassal_n par._n 1633._o cap._n 16._o the_o effect_n of_o this_o act_n as_o to_o the_o vassal_n of_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n be_v suspend_v till_o the_o next_o meeting_n of_o parliament_n and_o the_o vassal_n exempt_v therefrom_o in_o the_o interim_n par._n 1640._o cap._n 36._o and_o the_o say_a act_n be_v whole_o repeal_v par._n 1641._o cap._n 58._o and_o so_o remain_v until_o all_o these_o parliament_n be_v rescind_v see_v the_o private_a right_n of_o party_n acquire_v thereby_o by_o the_o general_a act_n rescissory_a par._n 1661._o cap._n 15._o but_o it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o alienation_n during_o these_o act_n now_o rescind_v and_o during_o the_o usurpation_n when_o ward_n be_v discharge_v do_v infer_v recognition_n see_v the_o vassal_n do_v not_o seek_v confirmation_n after_o the_o king_n return_n december_n 15._o 1669._o maitland_n of_o pittrichy_n contra_fw-la gordoun_n of_o gight_n the_o like_a be_v find_v in_o the_o recognition_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o sir_n george_n kinard_n contra_fw-la the_o vassal_n of_o the_o lord_n grace_n the_o like_a though_o the_o base_a infeftment_n infer_v recognitien_n be_v in_o anno_fw-la 1643._o when_o there_o be_v a_o statute_n then_o stand_v allow_v such_o infeftment_n see_v after_o rescind_v that_o statute_n no_o application_n be_v make_v to_o the_o king_n for_o confirmation_n january_n 7._o 1676._o cockburn_n of_o riselaw_n conira_fw-la cockburn_n of_o chouslie_o but_o recognition_n be_v exclude_v where_o the_o vassal_n require_v the_o superior_a to_o confirm_v the_o subaltern_a right_n debito_fw-la tempore_fw-la or_o do_v purge_v the_o same_o by_o procure_v resignation_n ad_fw-la remanentiam_fw-la to_o himself_o from_o the_o sub-vassal_n february_n 12._o 1674._o viscount_n of_o kilsyth_n contra_fw-la hamiltoun_n of_o bardowie_a but_o recognition_n be_v not_o find_v against_o a_o pupil_n upon_o his_o tutor_n take_v infeftment_n for_o he_o during_o the_o usurpation_n july_n 15._o 1669._o jack_n contra_fw-la jack_n whereby_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o feve_n have_v no_o effect_n against_o the_o superior_a as_o to_o the_o ward_n nonentry_n more_o than_o tack_n 16._o whether_o the_o alienation_n be_v by_o infeftment_n hold_v from_o or_o of_o the_o vassal_n there_o be_v no_o recognition_n with_o we_o except_o in_o ward-holdings_a yea_o if_o the_o hold_v be_v dubious_a and_o soa_o probable_a ground_n of_o error_n of_o the_o vassal_n as_o be_v a_o payment_n of_o money_n in_o the_o reddendo_fw-la with_o service_n use_v and_o wont_a which_o though_o true_o ward_n yet_o because_o the_o payment_n of_o money_n may_v render_v it_o dubious_a craig_n hold_v in_o the_o say_v dieg._n l._n 3._o that_o it_o will_v not_o infer_v recognition_n yet_o this_o will_v not_o give_v ground_n to_o think_v that_o alienation_n of_o land_n taxt-ward_n will_v excuse_v from_o recognition_n because_o ward_n be_v more_o clear_a and_o express_v nominatim_fw-la in_o that_o case_n in_o itself_o for_o the_o casualty_n thereof_o be_v tax_v as_o the_o marriage_n and_o ward-duty_n which_o 〈◊〉_d be_v but_o a_o liquidation_n or_o location_n of_o these_o casualty_n when_o they_o occur_v and_o no_o alteration_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o fee_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o say_a pursuit_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o lady_n carnagie_n contra_fw-la the_o lord_n cranburn_n it_o be_v not_o find_v relevant_a to_o exclude_v the_o recognition_n that_o the_o ward_n be_v tax_v 17._o it_o be_v also_o clear_a that_o alienation_n whether_o by_o infeftment_n hold_v of_o or_o from_o the_o vassal_n not_o exceed_v the_o half_a of_o the_o fee_n infer_v not_o recognition_n so_o much_o be_v indulge_v to_o the_o vassal_n for_o his_o conveniency_n or_o necessity_n but_o if_o together_o or_o by_o parcel_n or_o by_o annualrent_a the_o major_a part_n be_v alienat_fw-la not_o only_o that_o which_o then_o be_v in_o the_o vassal_n person_n fall_v under_o recognition_n but_o as_o craig_n hold_v in_o the_o forecited_a place_n dieg._n 3._o l._n 3._o even_o the_o whole_a fee_n so_o that_o parcel_n alienat_fw-la valid_o but_o without_o the_o superior_n consent_v before_o become_v void_a and_o return_v but_o though_o the_o vassal_n grant_v infeftment_n exceed_v the_o half_a of_o the_o fee_n yet_o if_o some_o of_o they_o be_v extinct_a before_o other_o be_v grant_v so_o that_o there_o be_v at_o no_o time_n right_n stand_v together_o exceed_v the_o half_a of_o the_o see_v recognition_n be_v not_o incur_v february_n 23._o 1681._o john_n hay_o contra_fw-la creditor_n of_o muirie_n but_o deed_n do_v by_o predecessor_n and_o their_o heir_n or_o author_n and_o their_o successor_n be_v in_o that_o case_n conjoin_v upon_o the_o same_o ground_n a_o infeftment_n of_o the_o see_v in_o liferent_a will_v not_o infer_v recognition_n because_o it_o exceed_v not_o the_o half_a of_o the_o value_n yea_o recognition_n be_v find_v not_o incur_v by_o grant_v a_o infeftment_n in_o warrandice_n for_o warrandice_n be_v but_o a_o hazard_n in_o case_n of_o eviction_n not_o equivalent_a to_o the_o half_a of_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o land_n grant_v in_o warrandice_n unless_o the_o right_n of_o the_o principal_a land_n be_v manifeft_o defective_a feb._n 21._o 1623._o cathcart_n contra_fw-la
immediate_a vassal_n but_o by_o all_o subaltern_a vassal_n and_o will_v not_o only_o be_v competent_a to_o the_o king_n upon_o deed_n of_o treason_n commit_v against_o he_o by_o his_o sub-vassal_n but_o by_o all_o deed_n of_o attrocity_n do_v against_o another_o superior_a by_o his_o sub-vassal_n as_o if_o his_o sub-vassal_n shall_v kill_v wound_n or_o betray_v his_o superior_a so_o that_o the_o question_n behove_v to_o return_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o feudal_a contract_n or_o obligation_n of_o fidelity_n betwixt_o the_o superior_a and_o his_o sub-vassal_n for_o if_o that_o be_v than_o vassal_n may_v fall_v in_o recognition_n by_o such_o deed_n not_o only_o against_o their_o immediate_a superior_n but_o against_o all_o their_o mediate_v superior_n though_o never_o so_o many_o for_o though_o the_o case_n in_o question_n be_v most_o odious_a and_o unfavourable_a be_v rebellion_n yet_o it_o have_v its_o proper_a punishment_n introduce_v by_o law_n and_o statute_n whereby_o the_o rebel_n lose_v life_n land_n and_o good_n to_o the_o king_n to_o who_o all_o his_o subject_n owe_v fidelity_n as_o subject_n though_o all_o do_v not_o owe_v the_o feudal_a fidelity_n as_o vassal_n yet_o if_o recognition_n take_v place_n as_o to_o the_o king_n it_o must_v likewise_o fall_v to_o all_o other_o superior_n whatever_o way_n the_o land_n be_v hold_v ward_n feu_n blensh_fw-mi or_o mortification_n if_o they_o have_v not_o a_o confirmation_n or_o consent_n of_o the_o superior_a anterior_a to_o the_o deed_n infer_v recognition_n we_o shall_v not_o therefore_o anticipat_v the_o public_a determination_n of_o the_o question_n if_o custom_n have_v determine_v it_o what_o will_v take_v place_n for_o all_o feudal_a right_n be_v local_a but_o there_o have_v not_o yet_o appear_v any_o case_n by_o which_o a_o donatar_n by_o his_o gift_n and_o presentation_n be_v infeft_v in_o the_o fee_n of_o the_o king_n sub-vassal_n forefault_n have_v exclude_v these_o who_o have_v real_a right_n from_o the_o forefaulted_a person_n before_o the_o treasonable_a fact_n though_o much_o have_v be_v dispute_v upon_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 9_o cap._n 2._o concern_v the_o quinquennial_a possession_n of_o forfaulted_a person_n especial_o from_o the_o last_o clause_n thereof_o bear_v that_o no_o person_n present_v by_o the_o king_n to_o feu_fw-fr land_n forefault_v nor_o any_o vassal_n of_o any_o fever_n forefault_v shall_v be_v compel_v to_o produce_v their_o acquittance_n of_o their_o feu-mail_n or_o annualrent_n of_o their_o forefaulted_a land_n of_o any_o year_n precede_v the_o forefaulture_n which_o do_v clear_o acknowledge_v that_o when_o the_o fever_n right_o be_v forefault_v his_o sub-vassal_n right_o be_v not_o forefaut_v yet_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o will_v not_o end_v the_o controversy_n by_o the_o act_n 72._o par._n 1457._o because_o these_o right_n of_o the_o sub-vassal_n of_o the_o forefaulted_a fever_n may_v have_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o king_n special_o or_o general_o by_o the_o foresay_a act_n 1457._o but_o the_o general_a confirmation_n from_o that_o act_n can_v have_v no_o effect_n because_o the_o the_o sub-vassal_n who_o right_n be_v preserve_v by_o the_o act_n be_v not_o feve_v grant_v by_o ward-holders_n but_o be_v subaltern_a infeftment_n grant_v by_o forefaulted_a fever_n and_o without_o question_n the_o king_n have_v give_v no_o consent_n to_o any_o to_o grant_v feve_n but_o to_o ward-holders_n only_a for_o though_o the_o law_n hinder_v they_o to_o grant_v sub-feves_a or_o annualrent_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o consent_n or_o confirmation_n by_o the_o king_n thereto_o therefore_o if_o the_o king_n his_o immediate_a vassal_n be_v forefault_v all_o the_o ancient_a feve_n grant_v by_o he_o of_o the_o land_n hold_v ward_n will_v stand_v valid_a as_o be_v consent_v to_o by_o the_o king_n by_o the_o foresay_a statute_n but_o the_o feve_v grant_v by_o he_o of_o land_n hold_v blensh_o or_o feu_fw-fr will_v fall_v in_o consequence_n with_o his_o own_o feu_n or_o blensh_fw-mi and_o can_v defend_v against_o forefaulture_n more_o than_o annualrent_n or_o lucrative_a tack_n grant_v by_o he_o which_o law_n do_v allow_v and_o yet_o fall_v with_o his_o right_n unless_o consent_v to_o or_o confirm_v by_o the_o superior_a title_n xxii_o prescription_n 1._o prescription_n distinguish_v and_o describe_v 2._o usucapion_n 3._o the_o several_a time_n require_v to_o usucapion_n or_o prescription_n by_o the_o roman_a law_n 4._o requisite_n to_o prescription_n 5._o bona_fw-la fides_fw-la requisite_a to_o prescription_n 6._o whether_o he_o who_o doubt_v of_o his_o author_n right_o be_v in_o bona_fw-la or_o mala_fw-la fide_fw-la 7._o evidence_n of_o mala_fw-la fides_fw-la 8._o the_o title_n requisite_a to_o prescription_n 9_o the_o motive_n inductive_a of_o prescription_n 10._o exception_n where_o prescription_n take_v no_o place_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n 11._o the_o common_a rule_n of_o prescription_n with_o we_o 12._o the_o beginning_n of_o prescription_n of_o personal_a right_n with_o the_o extension_n thereof_o 13._o prescription_n of_o movable_n 14._o prescription_n be_v reckon_v the_o momento_n in_o momentum_fw-la per_fw-la tempus_fw-la continuum_fw-la 15._o prescription_n of_o heritable_a right_n 16._o prescription_n be_v not_o extend_v against_o the_o right_n of_o superiority_n 17._o prescription_n run_v not_o for_o tenant_n against_o their_o master_n 18._o prescription_n run_v not_o against_o minor_n but_o there_o be_v no_o exception_n of_o mortification_n to_o pious_a use_n 19_o in_o our_o long_a prescription_n bona_fw-la fides_n be_v not_o require_v 20._o the_o title_n requisite_a in_o prescription_n of_o heritable_a right_n 21._o this_o long_a prescription_n secure_v wodset_n infeftment_n for_o security_n teind_n and_o long_a tack_n 22._o how_o far_o teind_n can_v prescribe_v 23._o this_o prescription_n extend_v to_o patronage_n and_o office_n 24._o and_o to_o thirleage_v and_o all_o servitude_n 25._o this_o prescription_n exclude_v all_o action_n and_o ground_n of_o reduction_n and_o declarator_n if_o the_o essential_o of_o the_o title_n appear_v 26._o the_o several_a way_n of_o interruption_n of_o prescription_n 27._o the_o way_n of_o interruption_n by_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o as_o to_o special_a right_n of_o the_o crown_n by_o letter_n of_o publication_n 28._o the_o annual_a prescription_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o appearand_a heir_n intra_fw-la annum_fw-la deliberandi_fw-la 29._o the_o biennial_a prescription_n of_o the_o preference_n of_o diligence_n of_o the_o creditor_n of_o defunct_n to_o the_o diligence_n of_o the_o creditor_n of_o the_o heir_n 30._o triennial_n prescription_n of_o spuilzie_n ejection_n intrusion_n and_o succeed_a in_o the_o vice_n merchants-counts_a house-mails_a and_o remove_n 31._o quadrennial_a prescription_n of_o the_o privilege_n to_o reduce_v deed_n of_o minor_n intra_fw-la quadrennium_fw-la utile_fw-la 32._o quinquennial_a prescription_n of_o arrestment_n minister_n stipend_n multure_n rent_n of_o tenant_n remove_v and_o legal_a reversion_n of_o special_a adjudication_n 33._o septennial_a prescription_n of_o old_a apprising_n and_o summon_n for_o interruption_n 34._o decennial_a prescription_n of_o late_a apprising_n or_o general_a adjudication_n 35._o prescription_n of_o twenty_o year_n of_o holograph_n bond_n missive_n and_o subscription_n in_o count-book_n without_o witness_n 36._o no_o prescription_n run_v in_o minority_n except_o remove_n house-mails_a and_o merchants-counts_a 1._o prescription_n be_v the_o common_a extinction_n and_o abolish_n of_o all_o right_n and_o therefore_o be_v reserve_v here_o to_o the_o last_o place_n the_o name_n and_o nature_n whereof_o we_o have_v from_o the_o civil_a law_n wherein_o prescription_n be_v sometime_o large_o take_v for_o any_o exception_n but_o have_v be_v appropriate_a to_o the_o most_o common_a exception_n in_o all_o case_n whereby_o all_o action_n and_o cause_n be_v exclude_v by_o course_n of_o time_n and_o so_o prescription_n have_v no_o further_a effect_n then_o to_o maintain_v the_o possessor_n in_o possession_n by_o exception_n but_o not_o to_o recover_v possession_n be_v lose_v and_o can_v not_o constitute_v the_o right_n of_o property_n 2._o in_o this_o prescription_n do_v chief_o differ_v from_o usucapion_n by_o the_o ancient_a roman_a law_n that_o usucapion_n do_v constitute_v property_n and_o therefore_o be_v define_v by_o modestinus_n l._n 3._o ff_n de_fw-fr usucapione_n adjectio_fw-la vel_fw-la acquisitio_fw-la dominii_fw-la per_fw-la continuationem_fw-la possessionis_fw-la temporis_fw-la lege_fw-la definiti_fw-la to_o which_o description_n the_o name_n do_v agree_v for_o usucapere_a est_fw-la capere_fw-la ex_fw-la usu_fw-la aut_fw-la possessione_n to_o take_v or_o acquire_v by_o use_n or_o possession_n but_o every_o possession_n be_v not_o sufficient_a unless_o it_o be_v a_o possession_n as_o proprietar_n or_o for_o the_o possessor_n own_o use_n only_o so_o detention_n of_o any_o thing_n in_o the_o name_n and_o for_o the_o use_n of_o another_o and_o for_o the_o possessor_n only_o in_o security_n as_o a_o pledge_n or_o wodset_n can_v constitute_v property_n 3._o as_o to_o the_o time_n appoint_v for_o usucapion_n
forty_o year_n though_o no_o feu_n blensh_fw-mi or_o other_o duty_n or_o casuality_n be_v demand_v by_o the_o superior_a because_o the_o vassal_n right_o acknowledge_v the_o superior_n right_o and_o his_o possession_n be_v also_o the_o superior_n possession_n yet_o all_o duty_n and_o casualty_n thereupon_o not_o pursue_v within_o forty_o year_n prescrive_v without_o prejudice_n to_o these_o due_n within_o forty_o year_n of_o the_o pursuit_n december_n 15._o 1638._o sir_n william_n stuart_n of_o gairntullie_fw-la contra_fw-la commissar_n of_o st._n andrews_n 17._o which_o hold_v in_o tack-duty_n which_o prescrive_v as_o to_o the_o year_n precede_v forty_o before_o the_o pursuit_n but_o no_o other_o march_z 10._o 1627._o betwixt_o two_o glasgow_n man_n spot_n prescription_n stuart_n contra_fw-la fleeming_n yet_o prescription_n by_o possess_v forty_o year_n as_o part_v and_o pertinent_a by_o a_o infeftment_n be_v not_o elide_v because_o before_o these_o forty_o year_n the_o possessor_n author_n have_v a_o tack_v of_o the_o land_n in_o question_n february_n 20._o 1675._o countess_z of_o murray_n contra_fw-la mr._n robert_n weyms_n though_o in_o this_o case_n the_o land_n in_o question_n be_v separatum_fw-la tenementum_fw-la by_o a_o distinct_a infeftment_n but_o become_v part_n and_o pertinent_a by_o be_v so_o brook_v forty_o year_n by_o this_o statute_n prescription_n of_o heritable_a right_n do_v not_o only_o exclude_v other_o infeftment_n in_o property_n but_o also_o annualrent_n pension_n and_o all_o other_o right_n and_o so_o a_o heretor_fw-la possess_v forty_o year_n be_v find_v free_a thereof_o july_n 22._o 1634._o margaret_n forrester_n contra_fw-la possessor_n of_o bothkennel_n where_o the_o office_n of_o forester_n and_o fee_n thereof_o be_v find_v prescrive_v 18._o from_o this_o prescription_n there_o be_v except_v the_o right_n of_o pupil_n and_o minor_n against_o who_o the_o prescription_n run_v not_o during_o their_o minority_n so_o that_o they_o need_v not_o seek_v restitution_n in_o integrum_fw-la as_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o exception_n be_v particular_o express_v in_o the_o foresay_a statute_n and_o be_v extend_v to_o all_o other_o prescription_n of_o personal_a right_n or_o other_o spot_n prescription_n duke_n of_o lennox_z contra_fw-la the_o executor_n of_o alexander_n beatoun_n but_o there_o be_v no_o exception_n of_o right_n mortify_v to_o pioususe_n as_o beadman_n june_n 30._o 1671._o beadman_n of_o magdillan-chapel_n contra_fw-la gavin_n drysdale_n 19_o in_o neither_o of_o the_o statute_n introduce_v long_a prescription_n by_o forty_o year_n be_v there_o any_o mention_n or_o provision_n concern_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o entry_n in_o possession_n whether_o it_o be_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la peaceable_a or_o lawful_a but_o only_o that_o it_o have_v a_o title_n and_o be_v continue_v without_o interruption_n 20._o the_o title_n in_o heritable_a right_n be_v ground-rights_a of_o land_n or_o annualrent_n be_v very_o well_o distinguish_v by_o the_o last_o statute_n betwixt_o conquest_n and_o heretage_n for_o heretage_n which_o have_v descend_v by_o succession_n from_o a_o predecessor_n be_v content_a with_o a_o more_o slender_a title_n viz._n seasines_n without_o the_o warrant_n or_o adminicle_n but_o only_o bear_v that_o they_o proceed_v upon_o retoure_n or_o precept_n of_o clare_n constat_fw-la provide_v that_o the_o possession_n have_v be_v by_o virtue_n of_o these_o seasine_n so_o that_o not_o only_o there_o must_v be_v possession_n for_o forty_o year_n together_o but_o seasine_n consecutive_a proper_a to_o the_o several_a possessor_n during_o that_o time_n but_o purchaser_n must_v not_o only_o have_v for_o their_o title_n a_o seasine_a precede_v the_o forty_o year_n prescription_n but_o if_o they_o find_v upon_o their_o proper_a right_n they_o must_v also_o produce_v a_o charter_n precede_v the_o forty_o year_n and_o therefore_o though_o a_o purchaser_n shall_v possess_v forty_o year_n and_o show_v his_o seasine_a anterior_a thereto_o yet_o will_v it_o not_o be_v a_o title_n for_o prescription_n unless_o he_o produce_v a_o charter_n before_o that_o time_n where_o by_o charter_n must_v not_o be_v understand_v a_o solemn_a charter_n as_o it_o be_v distinguish_v from_o a_o disposition_n or_o precept_n but_o as_o it_o comprehend_v these_o for_o many_o valid_a infeftment_n have_v no_o charter_n but_o seasine_n proceed_v upon_o the_o precept_n of_o seasine_n contain_v in_o the_o disposition_n and_o though_o a_o precept_n of_o seasine_n be_v only_o show_v as_o the_o warrant_n of_o the_o seasine_a the_o same_o with_o forty_o year_n possession_n by_o virtue_n thereof_o will_v perfect_v prescription_n for_o the_o seasine_n of_o themselves_o without_o warrant_n or_o adminicle_n be_v but_o the_o assertion_n of_o nottar_n and_o not_o probative_a yet_o they_o be_v sufficient_o probative_a not_o only_o by_o the_o immediate_a warrant_n or_o precept_n whereupon_o they_o proceed_v but_o upon_o the_o mediate_v warrant_n as_o if_o a_o seasine_a be_v produce_v with_o a_o bond_n or_o obligement_n to_o grant_v a_o infeftment_n conform_v to_o that_o seasine_a vide_fw-la tit._n 3._o §_o 19_o but_o purchaser_n may_v well_o conjoin_v their_o own_o title_n and_o their_o author_n so_o that_o if_o he_o can_v show_v in_o his_o author_n person_n consecutive_a seasine_n for_o forty_o year_n upon_o retoure_n or_o precept_n of_o clare_n constat_fw-la and_o possession_n conform_v it_o will_v be_v sufficient_a or_o if_o they_o can_v show_v such_o seasine_n and_o possession_n in_o their_o author_n for_o the_o whole_a forty_o year_n yet_o if_o they_o show_v the_o accomplishment_n of_o forty_o year_n by_o their_o own_o seasine_n and_o warrant_n thereof_o and_o possession_n conform_v these_o may_v complete_a the_o prescription_n 21._o this_o statute_n do_v not_o only_o secure_a right_n and_o land_n and_o annualrent_n by_o forty_o year_n peaceable_a possession_n cum_fw-la titulo_fw-la but_o also_o other_o heritable_a right_n such_o as_o wodset_n for_o registrat_n or_o incorporat_a reversion_n be_v express_v as_o exception_n wodset_n must_v be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o rule_n and_o all_o infeftment_n for_o security_n or_o relief_n which_o do_v imply_v a_o reversion_n incorporat_a it_o will_v also_o extend_v to_o infeftment_n of_o teind_n for_o though_o teind_n be_v separatum_fw-la tenementum_fw-la from_o the_o stock_n yet_o both_o be_v ground-rights_a or_o infeftment_n of_o the_o land_n yea_o infeftment_n of_o life-rent_a if_o possess_v and_o unquarrel_v for_o forty_o year_n show_v their_o seasine_a and_o the_o warrant_n or_o adminicle_n thereof_o the_o same_o will_v make_v the_o liferent-right_a irreducible_a or_o may_v perfect_v prescription_n be_v join_v to_o their_o author_n right_n yea_o this_o statute_n have_v be_v extend_v to_o long_a tack_n of_o land_n teind_n or_o other_o 22._o a_o right_a to_o teind_n may_v be_v prescribe_v as_o well_o as_o other_o right_n by_o forty_o year_n possession_n but_o a_o right_a to_o bygone_a teind_n be_v found_v in_o public_a law_n prescribe_v not_o except_z as_o to_o the_o by-gones_a before_o forty_o year_n and_o the_o possessor_n can_v prescribe_v a_o absolute_a immunity_n and_o freedom_n from_o payment_n within_o the_o forty_o year_n and_o in_o time_n come_v see_v all_o land_n in_o scotland_n by_o law_n be_v liable_a in_o teind_v but_o such_o as_o never_o pay_v any_o being_n cum_fw-la decimis_fw-la inclusis_fw-la or_o belong_v to_o the_o cystertian_n order_n templar_n and_o hospitaller_n or_o gleibs_n february_n 7._o 1666._o earl_n of_o panmure_n contra_fw-la parochioner_n of_o 23._o this_o statute_n be_v also_o extend_v unto_o right_n of_o patronage_n or_o office_n which_o be_v heritable_a right_n though_o they_o be_v not_o always_o constitute_v or_o continue_v by_o infeftment_n yet_o forty_o year_n possession_n by_o the_o original_a right_n in_o the_o first_o acquirer_n or_o by_o the_o continuation_n in_o their_o successor_n do_v establish_v their_o right_n against_o all_o quarrel_v by_o reduction_n or_o declarator_n yea_o this_o statue_n be_v extend_v to_o long_a tack_n which_o if_o clad_v with_o forty_o year_n peaceable_a possession_n either_o in_o the_o tacksman_n or_o his_o assigney_n or_o their_o heir_n who_o need_v no_o service_n can_v be_v quarrel_v but_o stand_v valid_a not_o only_o for_o these_o forty_o year_n but_o for_o all_o subsequent_a year_n unexpired_a as_o be_v find_v in_o a_o tack_v of_o teind_n though_o set_v without_o consent_n of_o the_o patron_n and_o the_o bolls_n liquidate_n to_o ten_o shilling_n july_n 7._o 1677._o the_o parson_n of_o prestounhaugh_n contra_fw-la his_o parochioner_n 24._o it_o be_v also_o extend_v to_o thirlage_n and_o multure_n with_o any_o antecedent_n adminicle_n as_o by_o inrollment_n of_o court_n and_o general_o to_o all_o servitude_n though_o there_o be_v no_o more_o antecedent_n title_n but_o part_n and_o pertinent_a of_o the_o dominant_a tenement_n either_o express_v or_o employ_v as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o pasturage_n and_o sheilling_a albeit_o there_o be_v produce_v a_o old_a tack_v bear_v to_o be_v grant_v to_o
full_a year_n after_o the_o defunct_n death_n so_o that_o after_o that_o year_n the_o heir_n disposition_n be_v not_o limit_v though_o they_o shall_v prefer_v their_o own_o creditor_n to_o the_o defunct_n and_o therefore_o the_o defunct_n creditor_n have_v need_v to_o use_v inhibition_n or_o inchoat_fw-la their_o diligence_n by_o charge_n to_o enter_v heir_n which_o may_v be_v within_o the_o year_n of_o deliberation_n they_o may_v also_o then_o arrest_v though_o they_o can_v insist_v in_o pursuit_n upon_o any_o of_o these_o or_o other_o ground_n till_o the_o year_n pass_v for_o this_o act_n do_v not_o prefer_v the_o diligence_n of_o the_o creditor_n of_o the_o defunct_a to_o the_o voluntary_a disposition_n grant_v by_o the_o heir_n to_o their_o own_o creditor_n but_o only_o to_o the_o legal_a diligence_n of_o their_o own_o creditor_n therefore_o this_o preference_n of_o the_o defunct_n creditor_n prescrive_v in_o three_o year_n or_o rather_o in_o two_o year_n because_o within_o the_o year_n of_o deliberation_n they_o can_v pursue_v unless_o the_o heir_n enter_v or_o immix_v and_o therefore_o this_o privilege_n prescrive_v in_o two_o year_n after_o the_o year_n of_o deliberation_n 30._o three_o there_o be_v a_o triennial_n prescription_n of_o spuilzy_n ejection_n intrusion_n which_o comprehend_v succeed_v in_o the_o vice_n of_o party_n remove_v par_fw-fr 1579._o cap._n 81._o this_o prescription_n by_o the_o statute_n run_v not_o against_o minor_n this_o prescription_n do_v not_o take_v away_o the_o right_n but_o only_o the_o privilege_n thereof_o as_o proceed_v upon_o a_o short_a citation_n and_o the_o oath_n in_o litem_fw-la allow_v to_o the_o party_n injure_v to_o declare_v his_o loss_n and_o the_o violent_a profit_n but_o hinder_v not_o the_o restitution_n or_o recovery_n of_o the_o thing_n with_o the_o ordinary_a profit_n there_o be_v also_o a_o triennial_n prescription_n of_o merchant_n count_n house_n mails_n and_o the_o like_a which_o be_v only_o as_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o probation_n that_o if_o these_o be_v not_o pursue_v within_o three_o year_n from_o the_o time_n they_o be_v due_a witnesles_fw-mi shall_v not_o be_v admit_v to_o prove_v the_o same_o but_o only_o write_v or_o oath_n of_o party_n but_o in_o this_o prescription_n minority_n be_v not_o except_v par_fw-fr 1519._o cap._n 83._o which_o be_v not_o extend_v to_o rent_n of_o land_n in_o the_o country_n january_n 20._o 1627._o gavin_n ross_n contra_fw-la fleming_n in_o both_o these_o prescription_n if_o action_n be_v intent_a within_o the_o prescription_n of_o three_o year_n custom_n have_v not_o limit_v these_o action_n to_o three_o year_n but_o they_o continue_v for_o forty_o year_n which_o may_v have_v much_o more_o convenient_o be_v cut_v of_o by_o three_o year_n for_o thereby_o the_o action_n which_o be_v accessary_a be_v more_o privilege_v than_o the_o principal_a right_n to_o which_o it_o be_v accessary_a which_o be_v amend_v in_o part_n by_o posterior_n statutes_n there_o be_v another_o triennial_n prescription_n in_o remove_n that_o if_o they_o be_v not_o pursue_v within_o three_o year_n there_o can_v never_o be_v purfuite_o thereafter_o upon_o the_o same_o warn_v where_o in_o minority_n be_v not_o except_v par_fw-fr 1579._o cap._n 82._o this_o prescription_n be_v not_o reckon_v from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o warning_n as_o be_v uncertain_a but_o from_o the_o term_n to_o which_o the_o warn_v be_v make_v february_n 6._o 1629._o lady_n borthwick_n contra_fw-la scot._n 31._o there_o be_v a_o quadriennial_a prescription_n in_o favour_n of_o minor_n to_o reduce_v deed_n do_v by_o they_o in_o their_o minority_n to_o their_o enorm_a lesion_n from_o their_o age_n of_o twenty_o one_o complete_a to_o their_o age_n of_o twenty_o five_o conpleat_fw-la but_o these_o action_n be_v intent_a within_o that_o quadriennium_fw-la utile_fw-la do_v last_o for_o forty_o year_n till_o the_o late_a act_n of_o parliament_n anent_o prescription_n and_o interruption_n 32._o there_o be_v several_a quinquennial_a prescription_n as_o first_o all_o arrestment_n upon_o decreet_n prescrive_v five_o year_n after_o the_o date_n thereof_o and_o arrestment_n upon_o dependence_n prescrive_v in_o five_o year_n after_o sentence_n upon_o the_o dependence_n if_o the_o say_n arrestment_n be_v not_o pursue_v or_o insist_v upon_o during_o that_o time_n by_o this_o statute_n minister_n stipend_n and_o multure_n not_o pursue_v for_o within_o five_o year_n after_o they_o be_v due_a and_o likeways_o mail_n and_o duty_n of_o tenant_n not_o be_v pursue_v within_o five_o year_n after_o the_o tenants_n removal_n prescrive_v unless_o the_o say_a stipend_n multure_n mail_n and_o duty_n be_v prove_v rest_v by_o oath_n or_o special_a write_v acknowledge_v what_o be_v rest_v and_o that_o all_o bargain_n concern_v moveable_n or_o sum_n of_o money_n probable_a by_o witness_n shall_v only_o be_v probable_a by_o write_v or_o oath_n of_o party_n if_o the_o examine_v be_v not_o pursue_v within_o five_o year_n after_o the_o make_n of_o the_o bargain_n there_o be_v also_o a_o quinquennial_a prescription_n of_o the_o legal_a reversion_n of_o special_a adjudication_n whereby_o land_n be_v adjudge_v only_o equivalent_a to_o the_o sum_n by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n september_n 6._o 1672_o cap._n 19_o 33._o there_o be_v a_o seven_o year_n prescription_n of_o the_o legal_a reversion_n of_o apprizing_n and_o there_o be_v septennial_a prescription_n of_o interruption_n which_o if_o they_o be_v not_o renew_v every_o seven_o year_n prescrive_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n december_n 8._o 1669._o cap._n 10._o 34._o there_o be_v likewise_o a_o decennial_a prescription_n by_o the_o say_a act_n of_o parliament_n 1669._o cap._n 9_o of_o all_o action_n upon_o warning_n spuilzy_n ejection_n arrestment_n or_o for_o minister_n stipend_n multure_n rent_n of_o remove_a tenant_n which_o action_n prescrive_v in_o ten_o year_n if_o they_o be_v not_o renew_v every_o five_o year_n but_o prejudice_n of_o any_o short_a prescription_n of_o the_o say_n act_n by_o former_a act_n of_o parliament_n which_o give_v ground_n to_o alter_v the_o former_a custom_n anent_o the_o triennial_n prescription_n that_o the_o action_n intent_a thereupon_o may_v prescrive_v in_o three_o year_n 35._o and_o by_o the_o same_o statute_n there_o be_v introduce_v a_o prescription_n of_o twenty_o year_n of_o holograph_n bond_n and_o holograph_n missive_n and_o subscription_n in_o compt_n book_n without_o witness_n unless_o the_o verity_n of_o the_o say_a subscription_n be_v prove_v by_o the_o defender_n oath_n by_o which_o manner_n of_o probation_n there_o be_v action_n competent_a till_o the_o long_a prescription_n of_o forty_o year_n 36._o all_o these_o short_a prescription_n be_v declare_v not_o to_o run_v against_o minor_n except_o only_o the_o prescription_n of_o remove_n and_o merchant_n count_n etc._n etc._n which_o except_v not_o minority_n though_o they_o do_v immediate_o follow_v prescription_n of_o spuilzie_n ejection_n etc._n etc._n which_o do_v except_o the_o same_o and_o so_o appear_v to_o be_v of_o design_n omit_v in_o the_o former_a triennial_n prescription_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o like_o the_o lord_n will_v extend_v the_o exception_n of_o minority_n thereto_o as_o they_o will_v not_o appoint_v a_o year_n rend_v to_o superior_n in_o adjudication_n as_o in_o appryzing_n because_o it_o be_v omit_v in_o the_o act_n anent_o adjudication_n next_o unto_o the_o act_n anent_o appryzing_n in_o which_o it_o be_v express_v until_o the_o late_a act_n of_o parliament_n extend_v the_o year_n rend_v to_o adjudication_n the_o institution_n of_o the_o law_n of_o scotland_n deduce_v from_o its_o original_n and_o collate_v with_o the_o civil_a canon_n and_o feudal-law_n and_o with_o the_o custom_n of_o neighbour_a nation_n the_o second_o part_n by_o sir_n james_n dalrymple_n of_o stair_n precedent_n of_o the_o session_n edinburgh_n print_v by_o the_o heir_n of_o andrew_n anderson_n printer_n to_o his_o most_o sacred_a majesty_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1681._o title_n xxiii_o assignation_n where_o of_o arrestment_n and_o action_n for_o make_v forthcoming_a 1._o the_o several_a conveyance_n of_o right_n 2._o what_o right_n be_v not_o transmissible_a 3._o the_o rise_n of_o assignation_n 4._o the_o tenor_n of_o assignation_n 5._o the_o conveyance_n of_o blank_a bond_n etc._n etc._n 6._o the_o rise_n and_o effect_n of_o intimation_n 7._o the_o several_a way_n of_o intimation_n 8._o what_o assignation_n be_v perfect_v by_o possession_n without_o other_o intimation_n 9_o other_o supply_n of_o intimation_n 10._o intimation_n to_o more_o correi_fw-la debendi_fw-la 11._o intimation_n be_v not_o necessary_a to_o right_n registrate_n for_o publication_n as_o reversion_n etc._n etc._n 12._o nor_o to_o order_n of_o merchant_n 13._o nor_o to_o judicial_a assignation_n by_o apprize_a etc._n etc._n 14._o nor_o to_o the_o legal_a assignation_n jure_fw-la marid_fw-la by_o marriage_n 15._o nor_o against_o the_o cedent_fw-la his_o heir_n or_o executor_n even_o though_o creditor_n 16._o to_o what_o right_n
against_o the_o lawful_a possessor_n to_o allege_v he_o have_v a_o good_a title_n to_o these_o good_n and_o possession_n of_o they_o but_o he_o must_v condescend_v quo_fw-la modo_fw-la desiit_fw-la possidere_fw-la by_o spuilzie_n stealth_n etc._n etc._n or_o that_o he_o give_v they_o only_o in_o grass_v and_o custody_n and_o continue_v to_o use_v act_n ofproperty_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v because_o in_o the_o commerce_n of_o moveable_n write_v use_v not_o to_o be_v adhibite_fw-la and_o it_o will_v be_v a_o unseparable_a labour_n if_o the_o acquir_a thereof_o behove_v to_o be_v instruct_v by_o all_o the_o precede_a acquirer_n as_o if_o one_o shall_v instruct_v that_o he_o buy_v or_o breed_v such_o good_n some_o year_n ago_o the_o present_a possessor_n behove_v either_o to_o instruct_v a_o progress_n of_o they_o through_o all_o the_o hand_n they_o pass_v from_o the_o first_o owner_n or_o lose_v they_o which_o be_v destructive_a to_o commerce_n custom_n have_v introduce_v this_o way_n that_o possession_n be_v present_a and_o lawful_a presumethproperty_n without_o further_a probation_n unless_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi condescend_v upon_o a_o clear_a probable_a way_n of_o the_o good_n pass_v from_o he_o not_o by_o alienation_n as_o if_o they_o be_v spuilzy_v steal_v stray_a etc._n etc._n feb_n 3._o 1672._o scot_n of_o gorrenberry_n contra_fw-la eliot_n in_o which_o case_n the_o lybel_n be_v only_o find_v relevant_a to_o be_v prove_v by_o the_o defender_n oath_n that_o he_o have_v not_o buy_v or_o acquire_v the_o good_n bona_fw-la fide_fw-la or_o that_o the_o good_n be_v in_o a_o defunct_n possession_n the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n february_n 24._o 1672._o semple_n contra_fw-la givan_n in_o which_o case_n a_o defunct_n good_n be_v restore_v albeit_o they_o be_v long_o possess_v after_o by_o his_o wife_n and_o impignorate_v by_o she_o and_o her_o second_o husband_n without_o confirmation_n the_o child_n of_o the_o defunct_a husband_n recover_v the_o same_o from_o the_o acquirer_n the_o pass_v from_o the_o proprietar_n must_v be_v so_o evident_o instruct_v that_o there_o may_v no_o probability_n remain_v of_o their_o be_v recover_v and_o thereafter_o alienat_fw-la upon_o this_o ground_n it_o be_v that_o sir_n john_n scot_n pursue_v sir_n john_n fletcher_n for_o a_o book_n deliver_v to_o he_o the_o lord_n find_v the_o lybel_n not_o relevant_a unless_o it_o be_v condescend_v quo_fw-la modo_fw-la the_o pursuer_fw-mi deliver_v the_o same_o viz._n by_o loan_n and_o will_v not_o put_v the_o defender_n to_o prove_v gift_v but_o presume_v his_o title_n unless_o the_o contrary_n be_v prove_v by_o oath_n or_o witness_n jan._n 27._o 1665._o and_o in_o a_o process_n for_o jewel_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o john_n ramsay_n contra_fw-la james_n wilson_n who_o have_v they_o from_o mr._n robert_n byres_n the_o lord_n find_v that_o the_o presumptive_a title_n of_o the_o defender_n and_o his_o author_n be_v elide_v upon_o the_o contrary_a presumption_n that_o jewel_n of_o such_o value_n can_v not_o be_v buy_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la see_v the_o seller_n be_v neither_o merchant_n nor_o jeweller_n nor_o the_o jewel_n fit_a for_o his_o proper_a use_n and_o because_o it_o be_v offer_v to_o be_v prove_v he_o take_v they_o at_o his_o own_o hand_n out_o of_o the_o pursuer_n possession_n to_o who_o they_o be_v impignorat_a by_o write_v by_o the_o proprietar_n who_o immediate_o go_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o most_o ordinary_a and_o important_a conveyance_n be_v of_o land_n and_o annualrent_n which_o pass_v by_o infeftment_n for_o perfect_v whereof_o there_o must_v not_o only_o be_v a_o disposition_n but_o also_o a_o resignation_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o superior_a and_o new_a infeftment_n grant_v by_o he_o to_o the_o acquirer_n thereupon_o or_o by_o confirmation_n or_o for_o obedience_n upon_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n for_o disposition_n of_o land_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o grant_a do_v not_o transmit_v the_o granter_n right_o because_o he_o continue_v superior_a in_o the_o direct_a dominion_n but_o it_o become_v a_o original_a right_n constitute_v a_o new_a subaltern_a infeftment_n resignation_n be_v either_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o superior_a himself_o for_o consolidate_v of_o the_o property_n with_o the_o superiority_n and_o therefore_o be_v call_v resignation_n ad_fw-la perpetuam_fw-la remanentiam_fw-la or_o it_o be_v a_o resignation_n in_o the_o superior_n hand_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o resigner_n himself_o or_o infavour_n of_o a_o acquirer_n and_o therefore_o be_v call_v resignation_n in_o favorem_fw-la the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v no_o transmission_n but_o a_o extinction_n of_o the_o fee_n and_o have_v be_v speak_v to_o in_o that_o title_n the_o second_o be_v not_o proper_o a_o transmission_n because_o it_o pass_v not_o from_o but_o return_v to_o the_o resigner_n yet_o ordinary_o under_o diverse_a consideration_n as_o when_o he_o resign_v from_o himself_o and_o such_o heir_n in_o favour_n of_o himself_o and_o other_o heir_n or_o when_o he_o resign_v a_o ward_n hold_v that_o it_o may_v be_v return_v blench_v or_o few_o for_o the_o right_a understanding_n of_o resignation_n in_o favorem_fw-la consider_v the_o solemnity_n requisite_a thereto_o and_o the_o effect_n which_o flow_v from_o the_o several_a step_n thereof_o for_o the_o first_o a_o resignation_n must_v proceed_v upon_o a_o disposition_n or_o procuratory_n of_o resignation_n have_v in_o it_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o disposition_n which_o must_v be_v in_o write_v for_o the_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n be_v but_o the_o assertion_n of_o a_o nottar_n will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a alone_o without_o a_o adminicle_n in_o write_v and_o though_o resignation_n propriis_fw-la manibus_fw-la can_v have_v no_o procuratory_n yet_o the_o disposition_n whereupon_o it_o proceed_v must_v be_v show_v the_o second_o step_n in_o resignation_n be_v the_o act_n of_o resignation_n itself_o which_o necessary_o must_v be_v by_o way_n of_o instrument_n of_o a_o nottar_n express_v the_o warrant_n of_o it_o viz._n the_o disposition_n if_o it_o be_v do_v by_o the_o resigner_n propriis_fw-la manibus_fw-la or_o the_o procuratory_n if_o it_o be_v do_v by_o a_o procurator_n and_o that_o conform_v thereto_o the_o resigner_n or_o procurator_n compear_v personal_o before_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o commissioner_n have_v special_a warrant_n to_o receive_v resignation_n and_o that_o the_o resignation_n be_v make_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o superior_a by_o staff_n and_o baston_z deliver_v by_o the_o resigner_n or_o his_o procurator_n to_o the_o superior_a as_o the_o token_n or_o symbol_n of_o the_o thing_n resign_v and_o that_o the_o same_o be_v accept_v and_o receive_v by_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o commissioner_n by_o take_v the_o say_a symbol_n in_o their_o hand_n for_o new_a infeftment_n to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o acquirer_n and_o though_o the_o resignation_n use_v to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o vassal_n or_o his_o procurator_n on_o their_o knee_n and_o so_o be_v express_v in_o the_o instrument_n either_o general_o or_o special_o with_o all_o humility_n and_o that_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o commissioner_n use_v to_o deliver_v the_o staff_n as_o the_o symbol_n of_o the_o fee_n to_o the_o acquirer_n which_o be_v also_o express_v in_o the_o instrument_n yet_o these_o be_v not_o essential_a but_o that_o without_o the_o be_v or_o express_v of_o the_o instrument_n will_v be_v valid_a the_o last_o step_n of_o this_o transmission_n by_o resignation_n be_v the_o superior_a or_o his_o commissioner_n give_v new_a infeftment_n to_o the_o acquirer_n the_o nature_n and_o requisite_n of_o which_o infeftment_n have_v be_v express_v before_o in_o the_o title_n infeftment_n the_o solemnity_n of_o resignation_n be_v so_o effectual_a and_o necessary_a that_o the_o omission_n of_o any_o of_o they_o annull_v the_o resignation_n and_o therefore_o renunciation_n without_o a_o formal_a resignation_n though_o it_o may_v be_v sufficient_a against_o the_o renuncer_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o take_v away_o infeftment_n renunce_v against_o singular_a successor_n nor_o can_v it_o constitute_v any_o real_a right_n in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o acquirer_n unless_o he_o have_v aliunde_fw-la another_o right_a stand_n in_o his_o person_n in_o which_o case_n the_o renunciation_n may_v exclude_v the_o renuncer_n or_o his_o heir_n to_o quarrel_v that_o right_n hope_v alienation_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la mcadam_n the_o reason_n thereof_o be_v because_o jura_fw-la eodem_fw-la modo_fw-la destituuntur_fw-la quo_fw-la constituuntur_fw-la and_o therefore_o as_o infeftment_n can_v by_o constitute_v without_o a_o instrument_n of_o seasine_n so_o they_o can_v be_v destitute_a without_o a_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n or_o at_o least_o another_o instrument_n of_o seasine_n with_o the_o superior_n confirmation_n or_o upon_o his_o charter_n for_o obedience_n so_o that_o renunciation_n be_v personal_a operat_o nothing_o except_o in_o the_o case_n of_o wodset_n which_o be_v extinguish_v by_o a_o renunciation_n registrate_n by_o the_o act_n of_o
parliament_n 1617._o but_o even_o wodset_n can_v be_v transmit_v without_o resignation_n 9_o but_o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o resignation_n must_v be_v by_o the_o vassal_n or_o his_o procurator_n this_o question_n arise_v if_o the_o assignation_n be_v make_v by_o he_o who_o be_v not_o true_o vassal_n but_o with_o consent_n of_o the_o true_a vassal_n quid_fw-la juris_fw-la craig_n lib._n 3._o dieg_n 1._o show_n that_o in_o his_o time_n this_o question_n be_v not_o clear_o determine_v nor_o be_v he_o positive_a in_o it_o but_o this_o far_o if_o the_o resigner_n have_v no_o title_n no_o consent_n can_v be_v sufficient_a yet_o if_o he_o have_v a_o colourable_a title_n the_o consent_n of_o the_o true_a vassal_n may_v validate_v it_o if_o the_o true_a vassal_n be_v consenter_n to_o the_o procuratory_n of_o resignation_n either_o express_o bear_v that_o the_o disponer_n with_o consent_n etc._n etc._n constitute_v his_o procurator_n or_o if_o he_o be_v consenter_n to_o the_o disposition_n by_o be_v express_v in_o the_o entry_n thereof_o which_o be_v hold_v as_o extensive_a to_o the_o whole_a disposition_n and_o so_o as_o repeat_v in_o the_o same_o will_v be_v as_o valide_fw-la as_o if_o the_o consenter_n himself_o have_v grant_v the_o disposition_n or_o procuratory_n for_o the_o act_n of_o the_o disponer_n though_o more_o express_v and_o amplify_v be_v no_o more_o but_o his_o consent_n and_o so_o the_o other_o consent_v do_v the_o same_o material_o which_o he_o will_v do_v if_o he_o be_v disponer_o formal_o but_o if_o his_o consent_n be_v adhibite_fw-la after_o the_o resignation_n be_v make_v it_o be_v mere_o personal_a and_o can_v have_v influence_n on_o the_o resignation_n which_o be_v before_o it_o or_o if_o he_o but_o permit_v or_o give_v licence_n to_o the_o disponer_n or_o which_o be_v alike_o if_o he_o consent_v that_o the_o disponer_o dispone_v in_o so_o far_o as_o may_v concern_v the_o disponer_n right_a these_o will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a warrant_n for_o the_o resignation_n but_o if_o he_o give_v warrant_n or_o consent_n to_o the_o resignation_n it_o be_v sufficient_a neither_o be_v there_o neces_fw-la sity_n to_o distinguish_v whether_o the_o disponer_n have_v a_o colourable_a title_n or_o not_o se_z ing_z it_o be_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o true_a vassal_n and_o the_o resignation_n as_o flow_v from_o and_o warrant_v by_o that_o consent_n which_o transmit_v the_o right_a and_o therefore_o a_o infeftment_n of_o a_o annualrent_a grant_v by_o a_o person_n not_o infeft_v be_v find_v valide_fw-la because_o a_o consenter_n thereto_o be_v infeft_v and_o so_o it_o do_v exclude_v a_o valide_fw-la right_o flow_v from_o that_o consenter_n to_o a_o singular_a successor_n thereafter_o viz._n a_o tack_v decem._n 15._o 1630._o jean_n stirling_n contra_fw-la tenant_n 10._o resignation_n how_o necessary_a soever_o to_o transmit_v a_o infeftment_n yet_o because_o the_o procuratory_n and_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n may_v be_v lose_v therefore_o the_o vassal_n possess_v forty_o year_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o infeftment_n mention_v such_o a_o resignation_n the_o same_o will_v be_v valide_fw-la without_o the_o production_n of_o the_o procuratory_n or_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n which_o therefore_o be_v presume_v thence_o presumptione_n juris_fw-la par._n 1594._o cap._n 214._o 11._o as_o to_o the_o effect_n of_o resignation_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o when_o the_o same_o be_v true_o make_v and_o infeftment_n follow_v conform_v the_o resigner_n be_v full_o divest_v and_o the_o acquirer_n be_v full_o invest_v and_o if_o there_o be_v condition_n or_o provisiion_n whether_o bear_v express_a clause_n irritant_fw-la that_o the_o acquirer_n infeftment_n shall_v be_v null_a and_o the_o disponer_n infeftment_n shall_v revive_v or_o he_o have_v regress_n how_o far_o these_o be_v effectual_a till_o by_o resignation_n or_o judicial_a process_n the_o same_o be_v recover_v be_v more_o full_o clear_v before_o title_n infeftment_n it_o be_v no_o less_o evident_a that_o before_o resignation_n be_v make_v the_o disposition_n or_o procuratory_n operat_o nothing_o as_o to_o the_o real_a right_n which_o notwithstanding_o remain_v full_o in_o the_o disponer_n though_o he_o be_v personal_o oblige_v to_o perfect_v it_o albeit_o there_o be_v no_o such_o express_a obligement_n in_o the_o disposition_n yet_o by_o the_o nature_n thereof_o the_o disponer_n be_v oblige_v to_o infeft_n himself_o if_o he_o be_v not_o infeft_v and_o to_o infeft_v the_o acquir_a hope_v alienation_n william_n gladstanes_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o mckerstoun_n yea_o the_o disposition_n of_o property_n be_v accomplish_v carrysall_a real_a right_n of_o the_o land_n or_o bond_n for_o grant_v real_a right_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o disponer_n or_o his_o author_n neither_o assign_v nor_o mention_v in_o the_o disposition_n july_n 1._o 1623._o craigy_n wallace_n contra_fw-la john_n chalmers_n yea_o a_o liferent_a carry_v the_o reversion_n in_o the_o disponers_n person_n as_o to_o the_o liferenter_n liferent_a use_n that_o there_o eupon_o he_o may_v redeem_v a_o wodset_n so_o likeways_o a_o disposition_n of_o land_n immediate_o before_o a_o term_n not_o express_v a_o entry_n nor_o assignation_n to_o the_o rent_n be_v find_v to_o exclude_v the_o disponer_n therefrom_o though_o infeftment_n follow_v not_o till_o after_o the_o term_n spot_n mail_n and_o duty_n andrew_n caldwal_n contra_fw-la robert_n stark_n and_o general_o it_o carry_v mail_n and_o duty_n as_o include_v virtual_o a_o assignation_n thereto_o july_n 15._o 1629._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la and_o though_o the_o disposition_n or_o procuratory_n can_v constitute_v a_o real_a right_n yet_o it_o do_v sufficient_o exclude_v the_o disponer_n or_o his_o heir_n from_o trouble_v the_o acquirer_n possession_n thereupon_o 12._o the_o main_a question_n than_o be_v what_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o resignation_n when_o do_v and_o accept_v by_o the_o superior_a and_o no_o infeftment_n follow_v thereon_o where_o in_o that_o case_n the_o right_n stand_v whether_o in_o the_o disponer_n acquirer_n or_o superior_a and_o whether_o the_o resigner_n be_v full_o thereby_o denude_v or_o if_o he_o may_v not_o grant_v a_o second_o resignation_n whereupon_o the_o first_o infeftment_n be_v recover_v will_v be_v effectual_a this_o be_v very_o learned_o debate_v by_o craig_n in_o the_o forementioned_a place_n where_o he_o show_v that_o the_o common_a opinion_n be_v that_o the_o second_o resignation_n with_o the_o first_o seasine_n will_v be_v prefer_v though_o the_o lord_n have_v decide_v otherways_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o citizen_n of_o perth_n who_o make_v a_o second_o resignation_n in_o favour_n of_o his_o son_n though_o after_o the_o first_o resignation_n by_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o year_n yet_o craig_n approve_v the_o old_a opinion_n concern_v the_o resigner_n never_o to_o beful_o divest_v till_o the_o acquirer_n be_v invest_v this_o be_v clear_a that_o by_o the_o resignation_n the_o fee_n fall_v in_o nonentry_n '_o and_o be_v in_o the_o superior_n hand_n and_o while_o the_o resigner_n resign_v in_o his_o own_o favour_n bereceive_v or_o the_o resignation_n pass_v from_o or_o otherways_o the_o acquir_a be_v infeft_v the_o superior_a have_v the_o nonentry_n duty_n of_o the_o land_n resign_v if_o the_o infeftment_n be_v not_o delay_v through_o his_o own_o fault_n it_o be_v also_o clear_a that_o by_o the_o superior_n acceptance_n of_o the_o resignation_n in_o 〈◊〉_d there_o be_v upon_o he_o a_o personal_a obligation_n to_o infeft_a that_o person_n in_o who_o favour_n the_o resignation_n be_v make_v and_o therefore_o though_o the_o resigner_n dieuninfeft_v his_o heir_n by_o a_o single_a service_n have_v right_o to_o that_o asother_n personal_a right_n and_o thereupon_o may_v compel_v the_o superior_a to_o infeft_v he_o yea_o as_o craig_n observe_v in_o the_o forecited_n place_n the_o lord_n upon_o supplication_n without_o citation_n will_v grant_v letter_n summary_o upon_o sight_n of_o the_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n and_o warrant_v therefore_o to_o charge_v the_o superior_a to_o infeft_v the_o party_n in_o who_o favour_n it_o be_v make_v who_o may_v not_o receive_v another_o resignation_n or_o nfeft_v a_o other_o party_n or_o else_o his_o obligement_n may_v make_v he_o liable_a to_o the_o obtainer_n of_o the_o first_o resignation_n pro_fw-la 〈◊〉_d &_o inter_fw-la esse_fw-la if_o he_o be_v not_o in_o mora_fw-la in_o do_v diligence_n to_o get_v his_o new_a infeftment_n expede_n recenter_n but_o the_o real_a right_n will_v be_v carry_v by_o the_o first_o infeftment_n though_o upona_fw-la posterior_n resignation_n and_o so_o posterior_n decision_n go_v along_o with_o craig_n opinion_n not_o only_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o first_o public_a infeftment_n upona_fw-la second_o resignation_n but_o which_o be_v much_o more_o after_o a_o resignation_n make_v a_o base_a infeftment_n flow_v thereafter_o from_o the_o resigner_n and_o be_v but_o a_o short_a time_n before_o the_o public_a infeftment_n upon_o the_o resignation_n yet_o be_v prefer_v
renunce_v in_o the_o second_o instance_n after_o decreet_a obtain_v against_o he_o or_o in_o the_o first_o instance_n when_o the_o ground_n and_o title_n of_o the_o pursuit_n instruct_v the_o debt_n than_o there_o need_v no_o other_o decreet_a cognitionis_fw-la causa_fw-la but_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi protest_v for_o adjudication_n the_o same_o will_v be_v admit_v summary_o adjudication_n itself_o be_v a_o most_o simple_a and_o summar_n process_n whereby_o the_o heir_n renunce_v and_o the_o debt_n be_v establish_v as_o say_v be_v the_o whole_a heretage_n renunce_v orbenefite_n whereto_o the_o heir_n may_v succeed_v be_v adjudge_v by_o the_o lord_n to_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi for_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o defunct_n obligement_n wherein_o the_o heir_n renunce_v be_v again_o call_v to_o sustain_v the_o part_n of_o a_o defender_n which_o be_v only_o for_o form_n sake_n for_o he_o can_v propone_v nothing_o and_o one_o single_a summons_n be_v sufficient_a without_o continuation_n because_o it_o be_v accessary_a to_o a_o prior_n decreet_a as_o dury_n observe_v but_o express_v not_o the_o party_n feb._n 26._o 1629._o and_o all_o be_v adjudge_v periculo_fw-la potentis_fw-la whatsoever_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi please_v to_o lybel_n allege_v that_o it_o may_v have_v belong_v to_o the_o heir_n enter_v yea_o though_o any_o party_n have_v interest_n shall_v compear_v and_o instruct_v that_o he_o have_v the_o only_a right_n and_o the_o defunct_a be_v full_o denude_v it_o will_v be_v incompetent_a hoc_fw-la loco_fw-la spot_n adjudication_n cairncorss_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o drumlanrig_v 46._o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o adjudication_n be_v but_o periculo_fw-la petentis_fw-la and_o can_v give_v no_o right_n unless_o the_o defunct_n right_o competent_a to_o the_o heir_n renunce_v be_v instruct_v neither_o can_v the_o adjudger_n who_o be_v a_o stranger_n to_o the_o debtor_n right_o be_v put_v to_o dispute_v the_o same_o in_o obtain_v the_o adjudication_n yet_o the_o lord_n admit_v a_o singular_a successor_n to_o propone_v upon_o his_o infeftment_n that_o the_o defunct_a be_v denude_v and_o adjudge_v not_o the_o property_n but_o all_o right_n of_o reversion_n or_o other_o right_n competent_a to_o the_o appearand_a heir_n july_n 22._o 1669._o alexander_n livingstoun_n and_o sornbeg_n contra_fw-la heir_n of_o line_n of_o the_o lord_n forrester_n in_o this_o case_n the_o matter_n be_v notour_n to_o many_o of_o the_o lord_n that_o the_o lord_n forrester_n have_v no_o son_n do_v contract_v his_o estate_n with_o one_o of_o his_o daughter_n to_o leiutenent_n general_n baity_n son_n who_o be_v thereupon_o public_o infeft_v but_o the_o reason_n why_o appryzing_n and_o adjudication_n have_v pass_v so_o much_o at_o random_n be_v because_o the_o appryzing_n have_v deboard_v from_o their_o ancient_a form_n by_o a_o inquest_n know_v the_o land_n which_o therefore_o will_v never_o have_v apprise_v land_n but_o where_o the_o debtor_n be_v common_o repute_n heretor_fw-la or_o heritable_a possessor_n but_o when_o appryzing_n come_v to_o be_v deduce_v by_o sheriff_n in_o that_o part_n constitute_v by_o the_o lord_n by_o dispensation_n at_o edinburgh_n where_o person_n be_v make_v the_o inquest_n who_o know_v nothing_o of_o the_o land_n than_o all_o become_v to_o be_v apprise_v which_o be_v claim_v and_o though_o the_o appryzer_n will_v not_o pay_v a_o year_n rend_v for_o enter_v he_o in_o land_n where_o he_o have_v no_o probability_n of_o right_n in_o his_o debtor_n the_o great_a inconvenience_n be_v as_o to_o the_o land_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n it_o be_v little_a addition_n of_o expense_n to_o pass_v one_o infeftment_n for_o all_o and_o other_o superior_n get_v a_o year_n rent_n salvo_fw-la jure_fw-la they_o be_v not_o suffer_v to_o contravert_n but_o now_o adjudication_n be_v in_o place_n of_o apppryzing_n and_o pass_v upon_o citation_n before_o the_o lord_n it_o be_v not_o like_a they_o will_v adjudge_v land_n where_o the_o debtor_n be_v not_o at_o least_o repute_v heritable_a possessor_n or_o liferenter_n for_o now_o the_o lord_n be_v in_o place_n of_o the_o inquest_n and_o albeit_o as_o they_o suffer_v decreet_n in_o absence_n to_o pass_v periculo_fw-la petentis_fw-la so_o they_o will_v suffer_v adjudication_n to_o pass_v of_o all_o that_o be_v libel_v but_o if_o any_o other_o shall_v appear_v and_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o and_o their_o predecessor_n have_v be_v hold_v and_o repute_v heritable_a possessor_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o right_a repute_n to_o be_v in_o the_o debtor_n the_o lord_n may_v ready_o supercee_v to_o adjudge_v till_o some_o evidence_n be_v give_v of_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o debtor_n seasine_n have_v be_v now_o registrat_n since_o the_o year_n 1617._o and_o likewise_o reversion_n though_o adjudicationes_fw-la of_o these_o might_n more_o easy_o pass_v then_o because_o no_o infeftment_n will_v follow_v but_o where_o land_n be_v adjudge_v and_o infeftment_n follow_v there_o arise_v thence_o ground_n of_o plea_n and_o pursuit_n especial_o for_o reduction_n and_o improbation_n upon_o which_o all_o the_o heretor_n of_o the_o land_n contain_v in_o the_o infeftment_n will_v be_v oblige_v to_o produce_v their_o right_n and_o open_v their_o charter_n chest_n to_o party_n have_v no_o pretence_n to_o their_o estate_n the_o adjudication_n be_v sustain_v of_o all_o land_n general_o without_o condescendence_n decemb._n 14._o 1638._o corser_n contra_fw-la dury_n but_o where_o the_o defender_n appear_v not_o or_o controvert_v it_o not_o in_o the_o adjudication_n process_n for_o mail_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o land_n adjudge_v be_v sustain_v in_o the_o same_o libel_n ibidem_fw-la and_o in_o adjudication_n of_o a_o reversion_n the_o declarator_n for_o redeem_v the_o same_o be_v sustain_v in_o the_o same_o lybel_n july_n 8._o 1629._o dury_n contra_fw-la kinross_n 47._o in_o adjudication_n all_o be_v competent_a to_o be_v adjudge_v which_o shall_v have_v befall_v the_o heir_n enter_v as_o land_n annualrent_n reversion_n tack_n liferent_n and_o all_o heritable_a bond_n yea_o not_o only_o these_o right_n themselves_o but_o the_o by-gone_a rent_n and_o duty_n thereof_o precede_v the_o adjudication_n and_o after_o the_o defunct_n death_n may_v be_v adjudge_v and_o pursue_v against_o the_o possessor_n and_o intrometter_n in_o that_o same_o process_n because_o these_o be_v competent_a to_o the_o heir_n renunce_v and_o there_o be_v no_o other_o way_n to_o attain_v they_o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o appryzing_n which_o be_v not_o extend_v to_o bygone_n see_v these_o may_v be_v arrest_v and_o pursue_v as_o movable_n belong_v to_o the_o debtor_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o say_a case_n corser_n contra_fw-la dury_n decemb._n 14._o 1638._o and_o likewise_o heirship_n movable_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n be_v competent_a in_o adjudication_n but_o not_o against_o other_o movable_n of_o the_o defunct_a which_o may_v be_v confirm_v spotswood_n caption_n isobel_n hagie_n contra_fw-la her_o daughter_n novemb_n 24._o 1638._o campbel_n contra_fw-la john_n baxter_n and_o so_o it_o be_v not_o competent_a against_o a_o heritable_a bond_n make_v movable_a by_o a_o charge_n jan._n 30._o 1627._o couper_n contra_fw-la williamson_n and_o bogmiln_n yet_o if_o a_o heritable_a sum_n shall_v become_v movable_a after_o the_o defunct_n death_n as_o by_o a_o order_n of_o redemption_n it_o will_v be_v competent_a by_o adjudication_n see_v it_o can_v be_v reach_v no_o other_o way_n in_o adjudication_n it_o be_v only_o competent_a to_o creditor_n to_o appear_v have_v like_o process_n of_o adjudication_n depend_v for_o all_o will_v be_v bring_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la who_o be_v ready_a before_o sentence_n with_o the_o first_o pursuer_fw-mi hope_v adjudication_n stuart_n contra_fw-la sturt_n 48._o if_o the_o adjudication_n be_v of_o land_n or_o annualrent_n require_v infeftment_n the_o superior_a will_v be_v compel_v to_o receive_v the_o adjudger_n though_o a_o stranger_n his_o vassal_n though_o he_o do_v not_o instruct_v his_o author_n right_o salvo_fw-la jure_fw-la cujustibet_fw-la &_o svo_fw-la feb._n 9_o 1667._o elizabeth_n ramsay_n contra_fw-la ker._n but_o as_o to_o the_o year_n duty_n payable_a by_o the_o adjudger_n to_o the_o superior_a for_o their_o entry_n though_o the_o lord_n think_v it_o equitable_a that_o it_o shall_v take_v place_n as_o well_o in_o adjudication_n as_o appryzing_n the_o reason_n be_v alike_o in_o both_o yet_o find_v not_o sufficient_a ground_n whereupon_o to_o decern_v it_o see_v the_o say_a year_n rend_v be_v express_v in_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1469._o cap._n 36._o and_o the_o composition_n of_o the_o superior_a for_o receive_v appryzer_n parliament_n 1621._o cap._n 6._o yet_o in_o the_o next_o act_n of_o the_o same_o parliament_n anent_o adjudication_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o composition_n to_o the_o superior_a though_o the_o act_n relate_v to_o the_o former_a act_n anent_o appryzing_n and_o therefore_o they_o think_v it_o not_o competent_a to_o they_o to_o extend_v the_o say_a composition_n ad_fw-la pares_fw-la casus_fw-la where_o
it_o do_v so_o much_o appear_v that_o the_o parliament_n of_o purpose_n have_v omit_v it_o yet_o in_o the_o say_a case_n greirson_n contra_fw-la closburn_n upon_o the_o 21._o of_o july_n 1636._o they_o do_v forbear_v to_o intimate_v their_o decision_n and_o desire_v the_o party_n to_o agree_v and_o no_o composition_n be_v find_v due_a by_o a_o adjudger_n have_v charge_v before_o the_o late_a act_n of_o parliament_n december_n 23._o 1669._o whereby_o like_o composition_n be_v appoint_v for_o adjudication_n as_o for_o apprize_a july_n 10._o 1671._o scot_n of_o thirlestain_n contra_fw-la lord_n drumlanrig_v in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o superior_a may_v refuse_v to_o enter_v the_o adjudger_n if_o he_o pay_v his_o debt_n but_o that_o he_o be_v to_o have_v nothing_o for_o composition_n if_o he_o do_v so_o in_o the_o same_o way_n as_o in_o apprize_a by_o the_o old_a act_n of_o par._n 1469._o cap._n 36._o by_o which_o that_o option_n be_v give_v to_o the_o superior_a 49._o craig_n observe_v that_o it_o be_v doubtful_a in_o his_o time_n whether_o there_o be_v a_o legal_a reversion_n competent_a to_o any_o renunce_n and_o afterward_o return_v to_o redeem_v adjudication_n or_o appryzing_n wherein_o he_o favour_v the_o affirmative_a but_o the_o say_a statute_n par._n 1621._o cap._n 7._o determine_v the_o case_n and_o grant_v a_o legal_a reversion_n in_o favour_n of_o these_o who_o have_v posterior_n adjudication_n within_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o year_n or_o ten_o year_n since_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1661._o betwixt_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n which_o be_v also_o competent_a to_o any_o renunce_n in_o their_o minority_n and_o be_v restore_v against_o the_o say_a renunciation_n but_o it_o be_v not_o competent_a to_o any_o other_o heir_n renunce_v yet_o if_o the_o heir_n though_o major_a find_v that_o he_o have_v prejudge_v himself_o by_o renunce_v a_o profitable_a heritage_n he_o may_v grant_v a_o bond_n and_o thereupon_o cause_n within_o the_o legal_a adjudge_v and_o redeem_v the_o former_a adjudication_n which_o though_o to_o his_o own_o behoof_n will_v be_v effectual_a there_o be_v so_o much_o equity_n and_o favour_n upon_o his_o part_n be_v willing_a to_o satisfy_v the_o whole_a debt_n 50._o it_o be_v clear_a by_o the_o say_a statute_n the_o land_n or_o heretage_n of_o a_o defunct_a may_v be_v adjudge_v the_o heir_n renunce_v not_o only_o for_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o defunct_n debt_n but_o of_o the_o heir_n own_o proper_a debt_n 51._o adjudication_n be_v take_v off_o and_o extinguish_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o appryzing_n be_v by_o intromet_v with_o the_o mail_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o land_n adjudge_v as_o be_v clear_a from_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o though_o case_n be_v not_o so_o frequent_a in_o adjudication_n as_o in_o appryzing_n to_o clear_a the_o other_o way_n of_o their_o extinction_n yet_o the_o reason_n be_v the_o same_o in_o both_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o the_o determination_n will_v also_o be_v the_o same_o 52._o the_o other_o manner_n of_o adjudication_n be_v for_o make_v effectual_a disposition_n or_o obliegement_n to_o infeft_n whereupon_o when_o the_o acquirer_n have_v use_v all_o diligence_n competent_a in_o law_n against_o the_o disponer_n to_o fulfil_v the_o same_o by_o obtain_v decreet_n and_o horning_n registrat_n thereupon_o either_o against_o the_o disponer_n or_o his_o heir_n law_n be_v there_o defective_a and_o can_v make_v the_o disposition_n or_o obligement_n effectual_a the_o lord_n have_v allow_v adjudication_n of_o the_o land_n dispone_v whether_o in_o fee_n or_o liferent_a july_n 19_o 1611._o lord_n johnstoun_n contra_fw-la lord_n carmichael_n spot_n hic_fw-la contra_fw-la bruce_n of_o airth_n and_o thereupon_o the_o superior_a will_v be_v discern_v to_o receive_v the_o adjudger_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o obligement_n to_o infeft_a a_o woman_n in_o liferent_a hold_v of_o the_o superior_a wherein_o she_o have_v use_v horning_n the_o superior_a be_v decern_v to_o receive_v she_o july_n 10._o 1628._o harris_n and_o cunningham_n contra_fw-la lindsay_n feb._n 24._o 1675._o marion_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la mr_n william_n chief_o the_o like_a in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o heritable_a disposition_n whereupon_o the_o acquir_a have_v obtain_v decreeet_a against_o the_o disponers_n heir_n for_o infeft_v he_o and_o use_v horning_n thereupon_o the_o director_n of_o the_o chancelary_a be_v decern_v to_o infeft_a the_o acquir_a decemb_v 16_o 1657_o ross_z contra_fw-la laird_n of_o may._n this_o manner_n of_o adjudication_n be_v extend_v no_o further_a than_o to_o the_o thing_n dispone_v and_o have_v no_o reversion_n it_o require_v no_o charge_n to_o enter_v heir_n or_o renunciation_n but_o the_o adjudger_n must_v instruct_v his_o author_n right_a june_n 24._o 1669._o mr._n dowgal_n contra_fw-la glenurchie_n these_o adjudication_n do_v not_o come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la with_o other_o adjudication_n within_o the_o year_n nor_o any_o other_o with_o they_o july_n 16._o 1675._o campbel_n of_o riddoch_n contra_fw-la stuart_n of_o ardvorlick_n decemb._n 2._o 1676._o lady_n frazer_n contra_fw-la creditor_n of_o the_o lord_n frazer_n and_o lady_n marr._n 53._o by_o the_o late_a act_n of_o pauliament_n anent_o adjudication_n there_o be_v introduce_v two_o new_a form_n of_o adjudication_n the_o one_o special_a of_o land_n effeirand_a to_o the_o sum_n and_o a_o five_o part_v more_o in_o case_n the_o debtor_n produce_v his_o right_n and_o put_v the_o adjudger_n in_o his_o possession_n of_o his_o particular_a land_n adjudge_v but_o if_o he_o do_v not_o adjudication_n be_v to_o proceed_v as_o appryzing_n do_v general_o of_o all_o the_o debtor_n land_n or_o real_a right_n periculo_fw-la petentis_fw-la redeemable_a within_o ten_o year_n these_o adjudication_n be_v come_v in_o place_n of_o appryzing_n especial_o the_o general_a adjudication_n which_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v in_o the_o same_o condition_n in_o all_o point_n as_o appryzing_n be_v by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1661._o cap._n 62._o except_o as_o to_o the_o lengthen_v of_o a_o reversion_n from_o seven_o to_o ten_o year_n so_o that_o what_o have_v be_v say_v of_o appryzing_n will_v have_v the_o same_o effect_n as_o to_o general_a adjudication_n but_o special_a adjudication_n be_v equitable_a and_o favourable_a will_v not_o meet_v with_o such_o strictness_n this_o statute_n have_v take_v away_o the_o great_a reproach_n upon_o our_o law_n which_o for_o every_o debt_n indefinite_o apprise_v every_o estate_n great_a or_o small_a which_o have_v no_o excuse_n but_o that_o the_o debtor_n may_v redeem_v in_o seven_o year_n but_o all_o debtor_n being_n necessitat_fw-la to_o appryze_v within_o a_o year_n or_o to_o have_v no_o more_o than_o the_o legal_a reversion_n pay_v the_o whole_a debt_n the_o power_n of_o redemption_n come_v to_o be_v of_o little_a effect_n few_o be_v able_a to_o pay_v all_o their_o debt_n in_o one_o day_n but_o now_o if_o any_o debtor_n complain_v that_o his_o whole_a estate_n be_v adjudge_v and_o no_o proportion_n keep_v betwixt_o the_o debt_n and_o his_o estate_n it_o be_v altogether_o his_o own_o fault_n see_v he_o may_v offer_v a_o proportional_a part_n and_o liberat_fw-la all_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o estate_n which_o part_n be_v redeemable_a also_o in_o five_o year_n and_o though_o a_o five_o part_n be_v add_v it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o ordinary_a penalty_n be_v a_o 100_o pound_n for_o a_o 1000_o mark_n and_o 50._o mark_n for_o the_o sheriff-fee_n make_v 200._o mark_n be_v the_o five_o part_n of_o a_o 1000_o mark_n and_o which_o be_v sustain_v in_o the_o most_o favourable_a case_n of_o appryzing_n from_o the_o beginning_n and_o the_o reversion_n be_v for_o seven_o year_n adjudication_n be_v executive_a decreet_a the_o lord_n allow_v they_o the_o great_a dispatch_n and_o to_o prevent_v collusion_n whereby_o some_o debtor_n may_v be_v postpone_v by_o debate_n and_o probation_n till_o the_o year_n pass_v which_o will_v excludethem_n therefore_o the_o lord_n do_v not_o suffer_v co-creditor_n to_o stop_v adjudication_n that_o they_o may_v see_v for_o their_o entress_n and_o put_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi to_o abide_v the_o course_n of_o the_o roll_n unless_o they_o produce_v a_o entress_n upon_o which_o the_o ordinar_n will_v hear_v they_o immediate_o without_o go_v to_o the_o roll_n jan._n 22._o 1681._o earl_n of_o dundonald_n contra_fw-la dunlop_n and_o his_o creditor_n neither_o be_v the_o superior_a suffer_v to_o propone_v defence_n jan._n 13._o 1675._o kinloch_n of_o gourdie_n contra_fw-la mr._n james_n blair_n and_o james_n strachan_n yea_o the_o lord_n sustain_v the_o establishment_n of_o the_o debt_n in_o the_o same_o lybel_n with_o the_o adjudication_n july_n 26._o 1676._o alexander_n boyd_n contra_fw-la boyd_n of_o pinkill_n but_o if_o the_o debtor_n himself_o appear_v the_o cause_n go_v to_o the_o roll_n and_o if_o there_o be_v prior_n adjudger_n defence_n propon_v against_o the_o debt_n or_o adjudication_n
assign_v before_o the_o fact_n and_o pay_v before_o process_n see_v intimation_n be_v not_o before_o the_o criminal_a fact_n hope_n chalmers_n and_o gordoun_n contra_fw-la gordoun_n three_o these_o debt_n or_o deed_n of_o the_o denunce_v do_v not_o simple_o affect_v the_o escheat_n good_n unless_o they_o be_v consumat_fw-la or_o lawful_a diligence_n do_v before_o the_o up-taking_a of_o the_o escheat_n good_n by_o the_o thesaurer_n or_o donatar_n yea_o before_o general_a declarator_n for_o that_o be_v the_o intimation_n of_o the_o donatar_n gift_n it_o render_v it_o to_o he_o to_o be_v a_o complete_a valid_a right_n after_o which_o no_o creditor_n not_o have_v a_o real_a right_n or_o legal_a diligence_n before_o can_v have_v any_o access_n unless_o the_o donatar_n by_o back-band_n to_o the_o thesaurer_n be_v otherwise_o obleige_v and_o therefore_o a_o donatar_n have_v obtain_v general_a declarator_n be_v prefer_v to_o a_o lawful_a creditor_n arrest_v after_o declarator_n february_n 22._o 1628._o anderson_n contra_fw-la gordon_n but_o the_o question_n remain_v how_o far_o lawful_a creditor_n who_o debt_n be_v before_o the_o denunciation_n or_o criminal_a fact_n use_v diligence_n thereafter_o but_o before_o declarator_n or_o obtain_v assignation_n intimate_fw-la or_o disposition_n clad_v with_o possession_n before_o declarator_n may_v thereby_o effect_v the_o escheat_n good_n for_o answer_v thereunto_o though_o in_o rigore_fw-la juris_fw-la the_o good_n and_o debt_n of_o the_o denunced_a fall_n to_o the_o fisk_n as_o they_o be_v the_o time_n of_o the_o denunciation_n or_o criminal_a fact_n and_o the_o declarator_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o all_o declarator_n do_v not_o constitute_v the_o fisk_n right_o but_o declare_v the_o same_o to_o have_v be_v from_o the_o denunciation_n or_o criminal_a fact_n albeit_o as_o a_o assignation_n it_o do_v constitute_v the_o donatar_n right_o therefore_o the_o real_a right_o pass_v to_o the_o fisk_n without_o possession_n or_o at_o least_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o fisk_n may_v in_o the_o full_a extent_n thereof_o exclude_v all_o posterior_n diligence_n or_o deed_n yet_o such_o have_v be_v the_o royal_a benignity_n of_o our_o king_n and_o there_o favour_n to_o lawful_a creditor_n that_o in_o this_o they_o account_v id_fw-la solum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la quod_fw-la debitis_fw-la deductis_fw-la est_fw-la nostrum_fw-la for_o which_o the_o thesaurer_n have_v be_v accustom_v to_o prefer_v creditor_n give_v gift_n of_o escheat_n to_o they_o before_o other_o and_o in_o take_v backband_n from_o they_o in_o favour_n of_o other_o creditor_n yea_o by_o long_a custom_n creditor_n who_o debt_n be_v anterior_a to_o the_o denunciation_n or_o criminal_a fact_n do_v diligence_n before_o declarator_n be_v preferable_a to_o the_o donatar_n spot_n escheat_n james_n nisbit_n contra_fw-la james_n fullarton_n february_n 24._o 1637._o pilmure_n contra_fw-la geggie_n in_o this_o case_n the_o escheat_n belong_v to_o a_o lord_n of_o regality_n and_o the_o arrestment_n be_v lay_v on_o before_o the_o gift_n of_o escheat_n but_o where_o the_o donatar_n gift_n be_v in_o payment_n of_o his_o own_o debt_n he_o be_v prefer_v to_o a_o arrester_n arrest_v the_o rebel_n good_n after_o the_o gift_n but_o before_o declarator_n february_n 27._o 1623._o thomson_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o murckil_n but_o voluntary_a deed_n of_o the_o rebel_n after_o rebellion_n as_o assignation_n not_o intimate_fw-la before_o declarator_n for_o satisfaction_n of_o debt_n due_a before_o denunciation_n or_o criminal_a fact_n be_v not_o prefer_v to_o the_o donatar_n hope_v assig_a sr._n james_n stewart_n contra_fw-la alexander_n wardlaw_n john_n clerk_n contra_fw-la william_n naper_n and_o james_n cramfoord_n contra_fw-la john_n mcaul_n and_o though_o a_o assignation_n not_o be_v intimate_fw-la before_o rebellion_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o donatar_n yet_o it_o be_v in_o consequence_n of_o a_o decret_a of_o council_n decern_v that_o assignation_n to_o be_v make_v and_o so_o not_o voluntary_a so_o a_o donatar_n be_v prefer_v to_o a_o assigney_n who_o assignation_n bear_v a_o cause_n onerous_a and_o be_v before_o declarator_n but_o after_o rebellion_n december_n 6._o 1631._o and_o february_n 26._o 1633._o conh_v contra_fw-la earlston_n decem._n 18._o 1629._o laird_n of_o caprington_n contra_fw-la cuninghame_n february_n 2._o 1632._o lindsay_n contra_fw-la nisbit_n where_o the_o assignation_n bear_v not_o a_o cause_n onerous_a yet_o a_o lawful_a creditor_n obtain_v disposition_n from_o the_o party_n denunce_v clad_v with_o possession_n be_v prefer_v ibid._n johnston_n of_o corhead_n contra_fw-la johnston_n in_o like_a manner_n a_o disposition_n make_v by_o the_o rebel_n for_o a_o just_a debt_n before_o the_o giftor_n declarator_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o donatar_n here_o it_o be_v not_o express_v that_o the_o debt_n be_v before_o the_o rebellion_n february_n 10._o 1635._o mosman_n contra_fw-la lockhart_n where_o there_o seem_v some_o difference_n in_o the_o decision_n wherein_o these_o point_n seem_v clear_a 1._o disposition_n and_o delivery_n of_o good_n because_o moveable_n be_v more_o easy_o transmissible_a in_o favour_n of_o commerce_n and_o so_o have_v always_o a_o presumptive_a title_n upon_o possession_n so_o that_o if_o the_o good_n be_v buy_v in_o a_o mercat_n there_o seem_v no_o question_n or_o if_o buy_v out_o of_o mercat_n from_o a_o rebel_n get_v the_o price_n which_o accress_v to_o the_o fisk_n unless_o the_o buyer_n be_v in_o mala_fw-la fide_fw-la and_o though_o get_v the_o good_n in_o satisfaction_n of_o a_o debt_n before_o the_o rebellion_n be_v more_o questionable_a than_o a_o present_a exchange_n of_o the_o good_n and_o price_n the_o former_a decisious_a favour_n that_o also_o the_o lord_n do_v late_o find_v that_o a_o rebel_n sell_v part_n of_o his_o corn_n to_o provide_v necessary_n for_o sow_v of_o the_o ground_n the_o crop_n whereof_o fall_v to_o the_o fisk_n the_o bargain_n be_v valid_a 2._o legal_a diligence_n upon_o arrestment_n be_v complete_a before_o declarator_n be_v valid_a though_o after_o rebellion_n yea_o the_o decision_n favour_v even_o the_o inheat_n diligence_n if_o the_o arrestment_n be_v before_o declarator_n upon_o a_o debt_n before_o rebellion_n and_o it_o be_v so_o find_v february_n 19_o 1667._o jsobel_n glen_n contra_fw-la john_n hoome_n but_o voluntary_a assignation_n seem_v not_o effectnal_a if_o they_o be_v not_o complete_a by_o intimation_n before_o rebellion_n and_o though_o they_o be_v if_o payment_n or_o satisfaction_n either_o in_o money_n or_o renew_v band_n innovate_a the_o rebel_n band_n be_v not_o obtain_v before_o rebellion_n the_o donatar_n be_v find_v preferable_a but_o otherwise_o the_o creditor_n by_o precept_n assignation_n or_o otherwise_o get_v payment_n of_o his_o debt_n prior_n to_o the_o rebellion_n and_o obtain_v payment_n before_o declarator_n be_v find_v secure_a against_o the_o donatar_n february_n 11._o 1675._o william_n veatch_n contra_fw-la executer_n of_o ker._n but_o though_o actual_a payment_n be_v obtain_v by_o assignation_n after_o declarator_n it_o will_v not_o secure_v the_o creditor_n december_n 20._o 1676._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la 17._o the_o matter_n of_o escheat_n be_v thus_o clear_v we_o come_v to_o the_o gift_n thereof_o and_o declarator_n thereupon_o a_o gift_n first_o seal_v be_v prefer_v to_o a_o other_o first_o sign_v in_o exchequer_n albeit_o so_o near_o in_o diligence_n as_o come_v that_o same_o day_n to_o the_o seal_n december_n 6._o 1662._o stewart_n contra_fw-la nasmith_n gift_n of_o escheat_n be_v in_o effect_n the_o assignation_n thereof_o by_o the_o fisk_n whereof_o the_o intimation_n be_v the_o declarator_n so_o that_o a_o posterior_n gift_n with_o a_o prior_n general_a declarator_n be_v preferable_a to_o a_o prior_n gift_n with_o a_o posterior_n declarator_n but_o where_o there_o be_v yet_o no_o declarator_n preference_n be_v by_o the_o first_o citation_n if_o the_o same_o be_v follow_v with_o lawful_a diligence_n and_o therefore_o a_o posterior_n gift_n whereupon_o citation_n be_v prior_n but_o three_o day_n be_v prefer_v to_o a_o prior_n gift_n jan._n 31._o 1635._o laird_n of_o renton_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o lambertoun_n if_o there_o be_v no_o citation_n or_o declarator_n the_o donatar_n possession_n be_v sufficient_a alone_a and_o will_v prefer_v a_o posterior_n gift_n though_o grant_v to_o the_o rebel_n himself_o be_v before_o any_o diligence_n upon_o the_o prior_n gift_n and_o if_o two_o gift_n be_v produce_v as_o enteress_n without_o any_o diligence_n on_o either_o the_o first_o gift_n be_v preferable_a 18._o gift_n of_o escheat_n as_o all_o other_o gift_n by_o the_o king_n be_v null_a if_o grant_v before_o the_o casuality_n fall_v as_o a_o erection_n of_o kirk-land_n in_o a_o temporal_a lordship_n be_v find_v null_a because_o a_o commendatar_n stand_v then_o in_o the_o right_n and_o do_v not_o resign_v or_o consent_v and_o therefore_o a_o posterior_n erection_n to_o that_o commendatar_n upon_o his_o own_o dimission_n be_v prefer_v february_n 24._o 1666._o sr._n robert_n sinclair_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o waderburn_n and_o so_o a_o
his_o council_n in_o any_o matter_n to_o be_v inquire_v before_o they_o par._n 1564._o cap._n 129._o purchaser_n of_o benefice_n at_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v denunce_v as_o traitor_n to_o the_o king_n par._n 1471._o cap._n 43._o par._n 1488._o cap._n 4._o par._n 1540_o cap._n 119._o so_o forger_n of_o the_o king_n coin_n and_o home-bringer_n thereof_o incur_v the_o lose_v of_o life_n land_n and_o good_n par._n 1563._o cap._n 70._o say_v of_o mass_n reset_a of_o jesuit_n seminary_n priest_n and_o traffique_a papist_n and_o these_o themselves_o be_v liable_a to_o treason_n par._n 1592._o cap._n 120._o par._n 1607._o cap._n 1._o raise_v of_o fire_n wilful_o or_o burn_v of_o house_n or_o corn_n whither_o folk_n be_v therein_o or_o not_o be_v declare_v treason_n par._n 1592._o cap._n 146._o land_a man_n commit_v or_o reset_a riot_n or_o robbery_n incur_v the_o pain_n of_o treason_n par._n 1587._o cap._n 50._o and_o general_o resetter_n maintainer_n and_o assister_n of_o declare_a traitor_n commit_v treason_n par._n 1592._o cap._n 144._o accuser_n of_o other_o of_o treason_n if_o the_o accuse_v be_v acquit_v commit_v treason_n par._n 1587._o cap._n 47._o 30._o forefaulture_n confiscate_v the_o forfaulted_a person_n whole_a estate_n without_o any_o access_n to_o his_o creditor_n yea_o without_o consideration_n of_o disposition_n infeftment_n or_o other_o real_a right_n grant_v by_o the_o forfaulted_a person_n since_o or_o before_o the_o commit_n of_o the_o crime_n of_o treason_n for_o which_o he_o be_v forfault_v which_o fall_n and_o become_v null_n by_o exception_n hope_n forfaultur_n viscount_n of_o rochester_n contra_fw-la tevent_v of_o callaurock_n july_n 14._o 1610._o campbel_n contra_fw-la lifnories_n spot_n conjunctfie_n crawfoord_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o murdiestoun_n unless_o these_o right_n have_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o king_n as_o superior_a or_o consent_v to_o by_o he_o it_o only_o remain_v dubius_fw-la whether_o feu_n infeftment_n grant_v by_o forefault_n person_n before_o commit_v of_o the_o crime_n be_v also_o annult_v by_o the_o 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n anent_o feus_n parnell_n 155._o cap._n 72._o shall_v not_o only_o defend_v they_o against_o recognition_n and_o the_o casualty_n of_o superiority_n but_o even_o against_o forfaultur_n itself_o it_o be_v therein_o declare_v that_o the_o king_n will_v ratify_v the_o say_n feus_n the_o like_a be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o other_o superior_n so_o that_o though_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la they_o be_v not_o confirm_v yet_o the_o declaration_n and_o obleigment_n of_o the_o statute_n stand_v as_o a_o confirmation_n thereof_o or_o at_o least_o as_o a_o obleigment_n upon_o all_o superior_n against_o which_o they_o nor_o their_o donator_n can_v come_v this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v while_o 〈◊〉_d be_v allow_v by_o law_n vide_fw-la title_n infefint_v 34._o sect._n it_o be_v so_o decide_v february_n 12._o 1674._o mark_n of_o huntlie_o contra_fw-la gordon_n cairnlorrow_n november_n 16._o 1680._o campbel_n of_o silver_n craigs_fw-mi contra_fw-la land_n of_o auchinbreck_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o argyl_n not_o only_o because_o the_o act_n of_o payliament_n 1587._o import_v a_o confirmation_n of_o feus_n grant_v thereafter_o but_o also_o because_o forefaulture_n be_v by_o penal_a statute_n and_o not_o by_o the_o feudal_n right_o like_v unto_o liferent_a escheat_n which_o return_v the_o fie_o to_o the_o superior_n but_o with_o the_o burden_n put_v thereupon_o by_o the_o vassal_n whether_o feu_n blensh_fw-mi ward_n or_o by_o annualrent_a or_o tack_v and_o therefore_o when_o any_o person_n be_v forefault_n that_o be_v not_o the_o king_n immediate_a ward_n vassal_n his_o estate_n both_o property_n and_o superiority_n fall_v to_o the_o king_n but_o with_o the_o burden_n of_o all_o real_a right_n constitute_v by_o the_o vassal_n yet_o forefaultur_n of_o the_o king_n immediate_a ward_n vassal_n proceed_v upon_o crime_n infer_v recognition_n and_o therefore_o return_v his_o ward_n land_n to_o the_o king_n as_o they_o come_v from_o the_o king_n free_a of_o all_o burden_n so_o that_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1457._o which_o unquestionable_o secure_v against_o ward_n and_o recognition_n must_v also_o secure_v feus_n against_o the_o forefaultur_n of_o the_o vassal_n grant_a of_o the_o feus_n but_o will_v not_o secure_v any_o other_o subaltern_a right_n without_o the_o superior_n consent_n as_o a_o blensh_a infeftment_n jan._n 13._o 1677._o mark_n of_o huntlie_o contra_fw-la laird_n of_o grant_n 32._o tack_n also_o be_v necessary_a and_o profitable_a be_v not_o exclude_v by_o forfaultur_n maitland_n december_n 14._o 1570._o home_o of_o manderstoun_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o oldhamstock_n leslie_n of_o wachtcun_fw-la contra_fw-la the_o like_o as_o to_o tack_n for_o a_o competent_a duty_n but_o not_o in_o tack_n for_o grassam_n january_n 28._o 1674._o general_n dalziel_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o caldwall_n 33._o but_o by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1644._o forfaultur_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v without_o prejudice_n to_o all_o person_n not_o accessary_a to_o the_o crime_n of_o the_o superior_a of_o the_o right_n of_o property_n of_o any_o land_n wodset_n or_o other_o hold_v by_o they_o of_o the_o forefault_n person_n or_o of_o the_o payment_n of_o their_o just_a debt_n or_o relief_n of_o their_o cautionry_n our_o of_o the_o forfaulted_a estate_n which_o be_v now_o rescind_v by_o the_o general_a act_n rescissary_n par._n 1661._o cap._n 15._o 34._o forefaultur_n can_v not_o be_v pronunce_v in_o absence_n of_o the_o forefault_n person_n by_o the_o justice_n gerneral_n but_o only_o by_o the_o parliament_n so_o that_o no_o certification_n of_o the_o justice_n can_v reach_v land_n but_o only_o movable_n so_o july_n 8._o 1662._o william_n yeoman_n contra_fw-la mr._n patrick_n oliphant_n neither_o can_v it_o extend_v to_o heritable_a band_n november_n 31._o 1671._o anthony_n hag_n contra_fw-la moscrop_a and_o rutherfoord_n but_o now_o the_o justice_n may_v proceed_v to_o forefault_n absent_v in_o case_n of_o open_a rebellion_n and_o rise_v in_o arm_n par._n 1669._o cap._n 11._o 35._o because_o of_o the_o defficulty_n the_o king_n or_o his_o donatar_n may_v have_v in_o know_v the_o right_n of_o foresaulted_a person_n by_o labour_v the_o same_o with_o their_o own_o good_n set_v the_o same_o to_o tenant_n and_o up-lifting_a the_o mail_n and_o duty_n as_o their_o heritage_n and_o so_o be_v reput_fw-la heritable_a possessor_n for_o the_o space_n of_o five_o year_n immediate_o precede_v the_o process_n of_o forefalture_n the_o land_n so_o labour_v or_o possess_v pertain_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o donatar_n though_o they_o can_v produce_v no_o heritable_a right_n or_o title_n thereof_o in_o the_o forefault_n person_n for_o trial_n whereof_o commission_n may_v be_v grant_v under_o the_o testimonial_a of_o the_o great_a seal_n to_o such_o person_n as_o shall_v be_v think_v fit_a by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o secret_a council_n to_o take_v cognition_n by_o a_o inquest_n what_o land_n be_v brook_v by_o the_o forefault_n person_n as_o heritable_a possessor_n thereof_o so_o common_o reput_n and_o esteem_v by_o the_o say_v five_o year_n space_n with_o power_n to_o call_v before_o they_o all_o party_n pretend_v interest_n which_o be_v reture_v to_o the_o chancelarie_n ad_fw-la perpetuam_fw-la remanentiam_fw-la shall_v be_v a_o sufficient_a right_n par._n 1584._o cap._n 2._o this_o right_n be_v sustain_v to_o a_o donatar_n though_o near_a of_o kin_n to_o the_o forefault_n person_n and_o presumeable_a to_o have_v his_o right_a july_n 11._o 1623._o maxwel_o contra_fw-la westeraw_n but_o here_o the_o donatar_n be_v make_v to_o depone_v that_o he_o have_v just_a reason_n to_o affirm_v that_o the_o right_n be_v want_v hope_v possession_n inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la this_o right_n be_v not_o elide_v though_o it_o be_v offer_v to_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o forefault_n person_n right_o be_v reduce_v in_o foro_fw-la contradictorio_fw-la upon_o recognition_n before_o his_o forefaulture_n feb._n 20._o 1611._o hairstons_n contra_fw-la ramebel_n so_o the_o say_v 5._o year_n possession_n be_v repute_n heritable_a possessor_n infer_v presumptionem_fw-la juris_fw-la &_o de_fw-la jure_fw-la of_o the_o forefaulted_a person_n right_o which_o admit_v no_o contrary_a probation_n as_o to_o the_o forefaulted_a person_n right_o if_o the_o quinquennial_n peaceable_a and_o lawful_a possession_n be_v prove_v but_o the_o probation_n thereof_o by_o inquest_n will_v not_o exclude_v a_o contrary_a probation_n by_o reduction_n of_o the_o possession_n of_o other_o within_o the_o 5._o year_n and_o if_o the_o possession_n be_v not_o lawful_a and_o peaceable_a but_o interrupt_v or_o vicious_a the_o statute_n take_v no_o place_n for_o by_o possession_n lawful_a peaceable_a possession_n of_o the_o forefaulted_a person_n must_v be_v understand_v and_o if_o any_o person_n have_v move_v action_n within_o the_o 5._o year_n for_o take_v away_o the_o rebel_n right_a and_o possession_n they_o will_v be_v hear_v after_o the_o forefaulture_n as_o
the_o neices_n name_n see_v he_o fill_v it_o not_o up_o till_o the_o granter_n sickness_n july_n 22._o 1678._o birnies_n contra_fw-la polmais_n and_o broun_n but_o deathbed_n be_v not_o find_v to_o hinder_v the_o recall_v of_o a_o disposition_n make_v by_o a_o grandfather_n to_o his_o oye_n and_o deliver_v to_o a_o three_o party_n in_o liege_n poustie_a if_o it_o shall_v appear_v that_o the_o delivery_n be_v not_o simple_o to_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o oye_n whereby_o it_o become_v irrevocable_a but_o conditional_o that_o the_o disponer_n may_v recall_v it_o for_o eviden_n ce_fw-fr whereof_o it_o be_v prove_v by_o that_o three_o party_n oath_n that_o the_o defunct_a on_o deathbed_n call_v for_o it_o and_o he_o deliver_v it_o and_o that_o the_o defunct_a on_o deathbed_n deliver_v two_o blank_n for_o divide_v the_o right_n in_o the_o first_o disposition_n which_o he_o deliver_v with_o his_o say_v first_o disposition_n to_o a_o nottar_n and_o order_v the_o fill_v up_o of_o the_o one_o half_a to_o the_o heir_n the_o other_o half_o to_o a_o second_o son_n but_o for_o further_a clear_v the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o first_o disposition_n be_v first_o deliver_v be_v appoint_v to_o be_v examine_v what_o the_o defunct_a express_v when_o he_o deliver_v the_o first_o disposition_n to_o he_o decem._n 9_o 1676._o janet_n ker_n contra_fw-la ninian_n ker._n but_o thereafter_o the_o three_o party_n not_o be_v find_v to_o be_v examine_v the_o lord_n find_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o prove_v express_v at_o the_o delivery_n the_o recall_v and_o the_o re-delivery_n do_v import_v that_o the_o delivery_n be_v not_o simple_a to_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o oye_n make_v it_o irrevocable_a but_o that_o it_o be_v conditional_a to_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o oye_n if_o the_o disponer_n do_v not_o recall_v it_o and_o that_o his_o recall_v of_o it_o for_o a_o special_a effect_n to_o divide_v the_o same_o betwixt_o his_o heir_n and_o the_o second_o son_n be_v effectual_a both_o against_o his_o oye_n to_o who_o he_o first_o dispone_v and_o as_o effectual_a against_o his_o heir_n as_o to_o the_o one_o half_a albeit_o the_o revocation_n be_v ondeath-bed_n see_v thereby_o the_o heir_n have_v no_o prejudice_n but_o benefit_n be_v former_o exclude_v by_o the_o disposition_n to_o the_o oye_n deliver_v in_o liege_n poustie_n january_n 25._o 1677._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la 30._o but_o onlyfree_a deed_n ondeath-bed_n be_v thusreduceable_a for_o if_o there_o be_v a_o equivalent_a cause_n onerous_a which_o be_v true_o employ_v upon_o the_o defunct_a or_o may_v affect_v the_o heir_n it_o be_v not_o to_o the_o heir_n prejudice_n and_o so_o not_o reduceable_a thus_o the_o reason_n of_o deathbed_n be_v eleided_a because_o the_o band_n quarele_v be_v offer_v to_o be_v prove_v for_o furnish_v true_o deliver_v to_o the_o defunct_a july_n 13._o 1632._o pollock_n contra_fw-la fairholme_n the_o like_a of_o a_o discharge_v grant_v by_o a_o bastard_n after_o he_o be_v infect_v of_o the_o plague_n against_o the_o donatar_n of_o the_o bastardy_n november_n 23._o 1609._o marr_n contra_fw-la auchinleck_n in_o all_o these_o witness_n be_v sustain_v to_o prove_v the_o cause_n onerous_a in_o the_o write_v and_o likewise_o a_o band_n grant_v on_o deathbed_n be_v prove_v for_o a_o cause_n onerous_a in_o part_n viz._n droggs_n and_o service_n to_o the_o defunct_a on_o his_o deathbed_n be_v sustain_v pro_fw-la tanto_fw-la and_o reduce_v for_o the_o rest_n january_n 7._o 1624._o schaw_n contra_fw-la grace_n but_o a_o liferent_a grant_v to_o a_o wife_n on_o deathbed_n and_o a_o liferent-tack_a of_o teind_n of_o the_o land_n liferent_v be_v not_o reduce_v hope_v teind_n lady_n dunlap_n contra_fw-la laird_n dunlap_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v observe_v to_o have_v be_v because_o the_o husband_n before_o sickness_n be_v bind_v to_o infeft_a his_o wife_n in_o land_n or_o anualrent_a equivalent_a nicol._n de_fw-fr haereditarijs_fw-la actionibus_fw-la inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la 31._o asdeed_n on_o deathbed_n prejudge_v not_o the_o heir_n so_o deed_n in_o testament_n though_o do_v in_o liege_n poustie_n have_v no_o more_o effect_n then_o on_o deathbed_n and_o it_o be_v not_o habilis_fw-la modus_fw-la by_o testament_n to_o dispone_v any_o heritable_a right_n december_n 14._o 1664._o colvin_n contra_fw-la colvin_n deathbed_n be_v not_o competent_a by_o exception_n but_o by_o reduction_n january_n 11._o 1666._o grizell_n seatown_n contra_fw-la dundas_n but_o in_o declaratorie_n or_o petitory_a action_n as_o recognition_n it_o be_v receivable_a by_o exception_n july_n 20._o 1669._o barcley_n contra_fw-la barcley_n or_o in_o a_o reduction_n it_o be_v competent_a by_o exception_n or_o reply_n february_n 3._o 1672._o barbara_n hoom_n contra_fw-la bryson_n a_o three_o difference_n be_v that_o successor_n in_o movable_n or_o executor_n be_v not_o liable_a passive_n for_o the_o defunct_n debt_n in_o solidum_fw-la but_o heir_n be_v though_o they_o far_o exceed_v the_o value_n of_o the_o inheritance_n without_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o inventar_n and_o though_o craig_n opinion_n be_v that_o heir_n may_v renounce_v even_o after_o their_o entry_n if_o the_o heritage_n appear_v overburden_v the_o course_n of_o decision_n since_o his_o time_n have_v clear_v the_o contrary_a 32._o because_o heir_n enter_v can_v renounce_v there_o be_v annus_fw-la deliberandi_fw-la allow_v to_o they_o by_o law_n in_o which_o they_o may_v abstain_v from_o enter_v and_o immix_v themselves_o with_o the_o heritage_n and_o then_o they_o be_v not_o conveenable_a for_o the_o defunct_n debt_n upon_o charge_n to_o enter_v heir_n or_o otherwise_o but_o if_o they_o enter_v or_o meddle_v soon_o they_o be_v liable_a this_o annus_fw-la deliberandi_fw-la be_v ordinary_o account_v a_o year_n from_o the_o defunct_n death_n which_o be_v so_o account_v though_o during_o a_o great_a part_n thereof_o the_o heir_n remain_v unborn_a february_n 7._o 1610._o know_v contra_fw-la menzies_n but_o the_o contrary_a be_v find_v thereafter_o that_o the_o year_n be_v account_v from_o the_o birth_n of_o the_o posthumus_n heir_n that_o the_o benefit_n of_o deliberation_n may_v be_v profitable_a to_o his_o tutor_n in_o his_o name_n spot_n heir_n livingstown_n contra_fw-la fullertown_n if_o the_o day_n of_o compearance_n be_v after_o the_o charge_n to_o enter_v heir_n and_o after_o the_o year_n it_o will_v be_v susrain_v june_n 27._o 1667._o dewar_n contra_fw-la paterson_n in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v find_v that_o even_o action_n real_a as_o reduction_n 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n which_o require_v no_o charge_n to_o enter_v heir_n be_v not_o competent_a within_o the_o year_n of_o deliberation_n because_o in_o these_o the_o heir_n can_v defend_v without_o the_o hazard_n of_o behave_v as_o heir_n 33._o succession_n in_o heritable_a right_n in_o scotland_n be_v either_o by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o fire_n or_o by_o law_n provistone_n hominis_fw-la or_o legis_fw-la heir_n by_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o law_n be_v call_v heir_n of_o line_n as_o befalling_a by_o the_o line_n of_o succession_n appoint_v and_o know_v in_o law_n all_o other_o heir_n do_v cross_a or_o cut_v that_o line_n and_o therefore_o be_v call_v heir_n of_o tailzie_n from_o the_o french_a word_n 〈◊〉_d to_o cut_v whence_o craig_n conceive_v this_o tailzy_v succession_n have_v be_v first_o denominat_fw-la among_o the_o french_a and_o normand_n and_o thence_o be_v bring_v into_o england_n by_o the_o normand_n conquest_n both_o in_o custom_n and_o name_n have_v be_v derive_v to_o we_o yet_o it_o be_v like_a to_o have_v come_v to_o we_o immediate_o from_o france_n with_o which_o we_o keep_v great_a intercourse_n then_o with_o england_n of_o old_a and_o our_o tailzy_n at_o least_o to_o heir_n male_a be_v ancient_a than_o the_o english_a which_o begin_v but_o from_o the_o famous_a law_n call_v the_o second_o statute_n of_o westminster_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o of_o that_o name_n of_o the_o normand_n line_n heir_n of_o tailzie_n be_v also_o call_v heir_n of_o provision_n which_o term_n be_v equiparat_fw-la both_o comprehend_v all_o heir_n which_o be_v not_o according_a to_o the_o line_n or_o course_n of_o law_n and_o among_o other_o heir_n male_a and_o heir_n of_o marriage_n yet_o our_o style_n do_v ordinary_o distinguish_v they_o so_o that_o where_o there_o be_v no_o alteration_n from_o the_o lineal_a heir_n male_a and_o where_o there_o be_v several_a substitution_n of_o certain_a person_n or_o line_n faill_v other_o by_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o infeftment_n they_o be_v special_o call_v heir_n of_o tailzie_n but_o when_o there_o be_v a_o alteration_n of_o the_o lineal_a succession_n yet_o not_o simple_o to_o heir_n male_a nor_o to_o divers_a member_n of_o tailzie_n they_o retain_v the_o common_a name_n of_o heir_n of_o provision_n as_o be_v most_o ordinar_n by_o contract_n of_o marriage_n provide_v land_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n whereby_o the_o heir_n lawful_o procreate_v betwixt_o the_o
be_v find_v to_o have_v no_o aliment_n from_o his_o mother_n life-rent_a who_o bring_v 8000._o mark_n of_o tocher_n and_o have_v but_o 10._o chalder_n of_o victual_n in_o life-rent_a july_n 21._o 1626._o laird_n of_o ramorny_n contra_fw-la law_n the_o like_a where_o the_o heir_n be_v not_o minor_a but_o design_v himself_o preacher_n and_o so_o have_v a_o calling_n feb._n 11._o 1636._o sibbald_n contra_fw-la wallace_n here_o the_o relict_n be_v infeft_v in_o no_o land_n but_o have_v a_o annualrent_a of_o 400._o mark_n out_o of_o land_n and_o the_o heir_n be_v not_o minor_a whereas_o the_o lord_n think_v the_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v not_o in_o favour_n of_o major_n who_o ought_v to_o do_v for_o themselves_o but_o all_o must_v be_v consider_v complex_o in_o this_o decision_n some_o heir_n by_o their_o quality_n not_o be_v bind_v to_o follow_v calling_n but_o the_o life-rent_a be_v a_o mean_a annualrent_n no_o more_o than_o a_o aliment_n to_o the_o relict_n the_o pursuer_fw-mi major_n and_o have_v a_o call_n and_o certain_o where_o the_o life-rent_a be_v but_o a_o aliment_n the_o appearand_a heir_n must_v rather_o want_v than_o the_o person_n provide_v for_o a_o cause_n onerous_a though_o the_o act_n mention_v only_a ward_n land_n yet_o it_o be_v extend_v to_o a_o minor_a have_v no_o ward_n land_n against_o a_o life-rent_a of_o all_o his_o fstate_n be_v house_n and_o annualrent_a of_o money_n feb._n 22._o 1631._o fiinnie_n contra_fw-la oliphant_n in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v not_o find_v sufficient_a that_o the_o life-rent_a offer_v to_o maintain_v the_o minor_a her_o own_o child_n upon_o her_o own_o charge_n she_o be_v marry_v to_o a_o second_o husband_n but_o the_o tutor_n obtain_v modisication_n with_o consideration_n of_o the_o movable_a heirship_n on_o the_o contrary_a where_o the_o mother_n be_v not_o marry_v her_o offer_n of_o entertainment_n be_v receive_v july_n 14._o 〈◊〉_d alexander_n noble_a and_o his_o tutor_n contra_fw-la his_o mother_n neither_o be_v the_o modifi_n cation_n exclude_v because_o there_o be_v free_a land_n at_o the_o defuncft_a death_n see_v they_o be_v apprise_v thereafter_o for_o the_o defunct_n debt_n hope_v the_o haer_v white_a contra_fw-la caldwall_n the_o like_a the_o debt_n be_v great_a and_o the_o annualrent_a thereof_o equivalent_a to_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n not_o liferent_v feb._n 13._o 1662._o antonia_n broun_n contra_fw-la her_o mother_n but_o aliment_n be_v not_o find_v due_a by_o a_o father_n life-rent_a to_o his_o son_n on_o this_o act_n but_o only_o super_fw-la jure_fw-la naturae_fw-la july_n 21._o 1636._o laird_n of_o rumorney_n contra_fw-la law_n nor_o by_o a_o grandfather_n to_o his_o oye_n who_o have_v dispone_v his_o estate_n to_o his_o son_n reserve_v his_o life-rent_a of_o a_o part_n the_o rest_n unsold_a by_o his_o son_n be_v liferented_n by_o his_o wife_n july_n 7._o 1629._o hamilton_n contra_fw-la his_o goodsir_n but_o where_o the_o heir_n mother_n bring_v a_o great_a tough_a and_o the_o grandfather_n fall_v to_o a_o plentiful_a estate_n by_o his_o brother_n the_o heir_n be_v find_v to_o have_v aliment_n of_o his_o goodsir_n though_o he_o dispone_v the_o land_n to_o the_o heir_n father_n burden_v with_o his_o mother_n life-rent_a june_n 27._o 1662._o heir_n of_o gairn_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o gairn_n this_o behove_v not_o to_o be_v from_o the_o statute_n but_o ex_fw-la debito_fw-la naturali_fw-la aliment_n be_v find_v due_a by_o a_o liferenter_fw-la to_o her_o daughter_n the_o appearand_a heir_n though_o she_o renounce_v to_o be_v heir_n july_n 16._o 1667._o hamilton_n contra_fw-la symonton_n but_o where_o a_o father_n dispone_v to_o his_o son_n a_o part_n of_o his_o estate_n reserve_v his_o life-rent_a and_o another_o to_o his_o son_n and_o his_o wife_n in_o conjunctfie_n after_o his_o son_n death_n his_o appearand_a heir_n get_v no_o part_n of_o his_o aliment_n from_o his_o goodsir_n but_o only_o from_o his_o mother_n feb._n 26._o 1675._o sr._n john_n whitfoord_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o lamington_n aliment_n be_v find_v due_a to_o the_o heir_n by_o a_o asigney_n to_o a_o gift_n of_o ward_n without_o necessity_n to_o prove_v that_o he_o intromit_v with_o the_o ward_n land_n unless_o he_o have_v be_v legal_o exclude_v which_o be_v modify_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o it_o be_v not_o find_v sufficient_a to_o entertain_v he_o in_o the_o assignyes_n family_n but_o nothing_o be_v modify_v for_o that_o time_n that_o the_o minor_n mother_n alimented_a he_o gratis_o feb._n 19_o 1679._o sibbald_n of_o cair_a contra_fw-la sr._n alexander_n ealconer_n 4._o heir_n also_o not_o enter_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o such_o obliegment_n or_o provision_n conceive_v in_o favour_n of_o heir_n which_o by_o their_o nature_n or_o mean_v require_v to_o be_v fulfil_v before_o the_o heir_n entry_n as_o when_o a_o party_n be_v obleige_v to_o employ_v a_o sum_n upon_o land_n and_o to_o procure_v himself_o and_o his_o umquhil_a spouse_n infeft_v therein_o in_o life-rent_a and_o the_o heir_n procreate_v betwixt_o they_o in_o fee_n the_o bairn_n of_o the_o marriage_n who_o will_v fall_v heir_n be_v thereby_o find_v to_o have_v right_o to_o crave_v his_o father_n to_o employ_v the_o money_n according_o though_o he_o never_o be_v nor_o actual_o can_v be_v heir_n his_o father_n be_v alive_a december_n 16._o 1628._o laird_n of_o collington_n contra_fw-la granton_n in_o this_o case_n the_o lord_n incline_v so_o to_o decide_v but_o decide_v not_o but_o that_o day_n durie_n observe_v a_o like_a case_n decide_v july_n 7._o 1632._o young_a contra_fw-la young_a the_o like_a be_v decide_v feb._n 13._o 1677._o alexander_n frazer_n contra_fw-la john_n frazer_n in_o which_o case_n a_o father_n by_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v obleige_v to_o employ_v a_o certain_a sum_n upon_o security_n to_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n in_o conjunct-fee_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n and_o likewise_o to_o take_v all_o conquest_n during_o the_o marriage_n the_o one_o half_a to_o the_o wife_n in_o life-rent_a and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n in_o fee_n after_o the_o wife_n death_n process_n be_v sustain_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o apparent_a heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n against_o his_o father_n who_o be_v decern_v to_o employ_v the_o special_a sum_n to_o himself_o and_o after_o his_o decease_n to_o the_o heir_n apparent_a of_o the_o marriage_n albeit_o thereby_o the_o father_n will_v remain_v fire_n and_o may_v dispone_v or_o burden_v the_o sum_n so_o employ_v for_o reasonable_a consideration_n but_o not_o by_o deed_n mere_o gratuitous_a to_o evacuat_v the_o obleigment_n and_o if_o he_o do_v deed_n prejudicial_a he_o will_v be_v obleige_v to_o purge_v the_o same_o or_o re-imploy_a 〈◊〉_d but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o find_v as_o to_o the_o conquest_n before_o the_o marriage_n which_o may_v be_v alter_v during_o his_o life_n for_o that_o only_o can_v be_v account_v conquest_n that_o he_o have_v more_o at_o his_o death_n then_o at_o his_o marriage_n and_o so_o heir_n of_o a_o marriage_n in_o a_o obleigment_n in_o case_n a_o wife_n decease_v without_o survive_a heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n these_o be_v interpret_v bairn_n of_o the_o marriage_n who_o survive_v their_o mother_n but_o die_v before_o their_o father_n and_o so_o can_v never_o be_v serve_v heir_n to_o he_o january_n 26._o 1630._o turnbul_n contra_fw-la colinshlie_n the_o like_a where_o a_o father_n be_v obleige_v to_o infeft_n himself_o and_o his_o spouse_n in_o conjunct-fee_n and_o the_o heir_n procreate_v betwixt_o they_o etc._n etc._n the_o apparent_a heir_n be_v find_v to_o have_v interest_n to_o pursue_v the_o father_n for_o fulfil_v thereof_o and_o of_o the_o obleigment_n adjoin_v not_o to_o dispone_v in_o their_o prejudice_n hope_v de_fw-fr haeredibus_fw-la hamilton_n contra_fw-la silvertonhil_n tack_n set_v to_o heir_n require_v no_o service_n but_o be_v notour_n to_o be_v the_o person_n who_o may_v be_v serve_v heir_n they_o have_v right_a without_o service_n june_n 9_o 1675._o hoom_n contra_fw-la johnston_n of_o oldwells_n 5._o as_o to_o the_o benefit_n of_o heir_n they_o have_v right_o not_o only_o to_o obleigment_n conceive_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o defunct_a and_o his_o heir_n but_o though_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o heir_n unless_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o obleigment_n there_o be_v a_o speciallity_n appropriate_v the_o same_o to_o the_o person_n of_o the_o defunct_a only_o as_o in_o commission_n trust_n etc._n etc._n so_o heir_n be_v find_v to_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o promise_n make_v to_o their_o predecessor_n for_o dispone_v of_o land_n to_o he_o acquire_v for_o his_o use_n though_o it_o mention_v not_o heir_n feb._n 22._o 1610._o heir_n of_o jean_n 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la livingston_n the_o like_a of_o a_o reversion_n not_o mention_v heir_n which_o be_v think_v to_o be_v omit_v by_o neglect_n see_v it_o bear_v not_o
heir_n of_o conquest_n and_o the_o other_o retain_v the_o common_a name_n of_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n conquest_n be_v feudum_fw-la novum_fw-la whereunto_o the_o defunct_a do_v not_o succeed_v as_o heir_n to_o any_o person_n or_o whereunto_o the_o defunct_a can_v not_o succeed_v as_o heir_n for_o if_o that_o be_v dispone_v to_o he_o by_o the_o defunct_a whereunto_o he_o will_v have_v succeed_v it_o be_v but_o preceptio_fw-la haereditatis_fw-la and_o so_o remain_v to_o be_v repute_n as_o heritage_n to_o descend_v to_o the_o young_a and_o not_o to_o ascend_v to_o the_o elder_a as_o craig_n observe_v lib._n 2._o dieg_n 15._o such_o heritage_n be_v rare_a and_o befall_v only_o by_o tailzie_n or_o provision_n among_o middle_a brethren_n because_o the_o elder_a by_o primogeniture_n exclude_v the_o rest_n from_o be_v heir_n of_o line_n but_o it_o may_v befall_v in_o case_n of_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n when_o the_o near_a successor_n be_v the_o father_n or_o grandfather_n brother_n or_o their_o issue_n there_o be_v elder_a and_o young_a brother_n but_o conquest_n be_v frequent_a because_o not_o only_o that_o which_o be_v acquire_v proper_o by_o the_o mean_n and_o industry_n of_o the_o defunct_a but_o that_o which_o be_v by_o gift_n of_o the_o defunct_n parent_n or_o any_o other_o or_o whatsoever_o the_o defunct_a can_v not_o succeed_v to_o be_v conquest_n yet_o if_o the_o heir_n of_o conquest_n succeed_v that_o which_o be_v conquest_n become_v heritage_n and_o descend_v as_o if_o there_o be_v four_o brother_n and_o the_o three_o acquire_v land_n die_v without_o issue_n the_o second_o will_v be_v his_o heir_n therein_o who_o if_o he_o die_v also_o infeft_v the_o land_n will_v fall_v downward_o to_o the_o young_a brother_n and_o not_o upward_o to_o the_o elder_a brother_n the_o custom_n of_o england_n be_v contrary_a for_o thereby_o the_o elder_a brother_n succee_v to_o all_o his_o brother_n faill_v the_o issue_n but_o with_o we_o the_o immediate_a elder_n or_o young_a do_v always_o succeed_v though_o of_o different_a marriage_n none_o of_o they_o be_v brothersgerman_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o case_n propose_v by_o craig_n lib._n 2._o 〈◊〉_d 15._o in_o fine_a of_o a_o brother_n by_o a_o second_o marriage_n die_v without_o issue_n and_o have_v three_o brother_n of_o a_o former_a marriage_n no_o doubt_n the_o young_a will_v succeed_v according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o oliphant_n and_o king_n there_o relate_v albeit_o that_o craig_n opinion_n be_v that_o the_o elder_a will_v succeed_v it_o be_v so_o decide_v contrary_a craig_n opinion_n july_n 20._o 1664._o laird_n of_o clerkington_n contra_fw-la stewart_n heir_n of_o conquest_n succeed_v not_o only_o to_o land_n conquest_n by_o their_o immediate_a predecessor_n but_o in_o other_o heritable_a right_n pass_v by_o infeftment_n as_o annualrent_a or_o such_o as_o be_v heritable_a by_o distination_n and_o which_o be_v accomplish_v by_o infeftment_n as_o desposition_n of_o land_n or_o annualrent_n appryzing_n or_o adjudication_n etc._n etc._n the_o like_a where_o a_o annualrent_n be_v first_o dispone_v and_o a_o clause_n of_o requisition_n and_o reversion_n subjoin_v july_n 7._o 1675._o robertson_n contra_fw-la lord_n halkertoun_n and_o in_o reversion_n hope_v de_fw-fr successionibus_fw-la heir_n of_o pitcairne_n but_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v not_o clear_v whether_o the_o land_n give_v in_o wodset_n be_v heritage_n or_o conquest_n but_o it_o seem_v if_o the_o land_n have_v be_v heritage_n as_o they_o be_v wodset_v the_o reversion_n will_v also_o belong_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n as_o the_o land_n whereto_o it_o be_v accessary_a will_v yea_o heir_n of_o conquest_n succeed_v in_o heritable_a band_n bear_v clause_n of_o annualrent_a as_o be_v find_v among_o the_o heir_n of_o doctor_n craig_n but_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n and_o not_o the_o heir_n of_o conquest_n succeed_v in_o tack_n acquire_v by_o the_o defunct_a hope_v succession_n earl_n of_o dumbars_n heir_n june_n 23._o 1663._o ferguson_n contra_fw-la ferguson_n the_o heir_n of_o lyne_n do_v also_o succeed_v in_o pension_n or_o any_o other_o right_o not_o require_v infeftment_n as_o in_o these_o which_o have_v a_o tract_n of_o time_n after_o the_o defunct_n death_n do_v thereby_o exclude_v executor_n and_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n and_o not_o of_o conquest_n though_o they_o be_v acquire_v the_o heir_n of_o line_n and_o not_o the_o heir_n of_o conquest_n fall_v to_o be_v tutor_n or_o near_a agnat_n to_o the_o pupil_n to_o who_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n may_v succeed_v the_o heir_n of_o line_n have_v right_a to_o the_o heirship_n movable_a and_o not_o the_o heir_n of_o conquest_n 11._o heirs-portioners_a be_v among_o heir_n of_o line_n for_o when_o more_o woman_n or_o their_o issue_n succeed_v fail_v male_n of_o that_o degree_n it_o be_v by_o the_o course_n of_o law_n that_o they_o succeed_v and_o because_o they_o succeee_v not_o in_o solidum_fw-la but_o in_o equal_a portion_n they_o be_v call_v heirs-portioners_a and_o though_o they_o succeed_v equal_o yet_o right_n indivisible_a fall_n to_o the_o elder_a alone_a without_o any_o thing_n in_o lieu_n thereof_o to_o the_o rest_n as_o first_o dignity_n of_o lord_n earl_n etc._n etc._n 2._o the_o principal_a manse_n be_v tower_n fortalice_n etc._n etc._n which_o do_v not_o extend_v to_o house_n in_o burgh_n nor_o to_o ordinary_a country-house_n the_o former_a be_v divisible_a the_o latter_a fall_n under_o division_n as_o pertinent_o of_o the_o land_n whereupon_o they_o stand_v and_o be_v not_o as_o separata_fw-la jura_fw-la or_o distinct_a right_n 3._o superiority_n be_v account_v indivisible_a and_o befall_v only_o to_o the_o elder_a daughter_n and_o her_o issue_n and_o thereby_o all_o the_o casualty_n of_o the_o superiority_n either_o precede_a or_o follow_v the_o defunct_n death_n as_o ward_n relief_n marriage_n of_o the_o vassal_n heir_n nonentry_n liferent_a escheat_n etc._n etc._n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o vassal_n condition_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v worsted_n and_o make_v subject_n to_o many_o superior_n by_o such_o succession_n craig_n lib._n 2._o dieg_n 14._o except_v the_o superiority_n of_o feu_n land_n the_o feu_fw-fr duty_n whereof_o be_v divisible_a among_o all_o the_o heirs-portioners_a yet_o the_o former_a reason_n of_o the_o indivisibility_n of_o the_o superiority_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o vassal_n interest_n reach_v feu_n superiority_n as_o well_o as_o other_o and_o it_o be_v hardly_o conceivable_a how_o superiority_n shall_v belong_v to_o the_o elder_a and_o yet_o the_o feu_fw-fr duty_n divide_v to_o the_o rest_n see_v the_o superiority_n as_o be_v dominium_fw-la directum_fw-la be_v the_o only_a title_n for_o poind_v the_o ground_n or_o pursue_v the_o possessor_n or_o intrometter_n with_o the_o fruit_n thereof_o it_o seem_v for_o the_o reason_n adduce_v the_o superiority_n and_o therewith_o the_o feu_fw-fr duty_n befall_v to_o the_o elder_a yet_o so_o because_o the_o feu_fw-fr duty_n be_v constant_a and_o liquid_a and_o be_v not_o like_o the_o other_o casualty_n of_o superiority_n which_o be_v illiquid_fw-la and_o accidental_a therefore_o the_o other_o heirs-portioners_a aught_o to_o have_v compensation_n for_o their_o part_n of_o the_o feu_fw-fr duty_n in_o or_o off_o other_o proper_a land_n or_o if_o there_o be_v more_o superiority_n of_o feu_n land_n so_o that_o some_o of_o the_o superiority_n may_v befall_v one_o heir_n and_o other_o to_o other_o heir_n no_o particular_a superiority_n be_v divide_v or_o the_o vassal_n make_v vassal_n to_o many_o superior_n i_o conceive_v it_o will_v be_v allow_v or_o otherways_o the_o elder_a co-heir_n will_v be_v dicern_v to_o infeft_v the_o rest_n in_o annualrent_n out_o of_o the_o fee_n correspondent_a to_o their_o share_n of_o the_o feu_fw-fr duty_n a_o vassal_n heir_n though_o the_o defunct_a have_v take_v infeftment_n of_o more_o heirs-portioners_a be_v not_o find_v oblige_v to_o take_v infeftment_n of_o some_o of_o they_o several_o but_o either_o of_o all_o joint_o or_o the_o elder_a july_n 30._o 1678._o lady_n luss_n contra_fw-la inglis_n how_o far_o heirs-portioners_a succeed_v passive_a and_o be_v liable_a for_o the_o defunct_n debt_n shall_v forthwith_o appear_v 12._o heir_n male_a and_o of_o tailzie_n and_o provision_n succeed_v not_o by_o law_n but_o by_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o infeftment_n or_o provision_n and_o therefore_o have_v that_o benefit_n and_o no_o more_o which_o be_v so_o provide_v to_o they_o or_o which_o be_v accessary_a thereto_o whereby_o any_o right_a or_o security_n of_o land_n or_o other_o befalling_a to_o these_o heir_n which_o be_v thereafter_o acquire_v by_o their_o predecessor_n though_o the_o same_o be_v acquire_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n whatsoever_o yet_o the_o same_o will_v befall_v with_o the_o principal_a right_n to_o which_o it_o be_v accessary_a to_o the_o heir_n male_a or_o of_o tailzie_n or_o provision_n as_o if_o a_o proprietar_n infeft_v himself_o or_o his_o heir_n
male_a or_o of_o tailzie_n or_o provision_n in_o land_n or_o annualrent_n and_o thereafter_o acquire_v reversion_n apprising_n tack_n or_o other_o further_o or_o better_a security_n of_o the_o same_o land_n to_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n whatsoever_o these_o will_v accress_v to_o his_o heir_n male_a or_o of_o tailzie_n or_o provision_n whether_o the_o infeftment_n in_o their_o favour_n be_v anterior_a or_o posterior_n which_o be_v the_o more_o dubious_a case_n for_o it_o can_v be_v think_v that_o the_o defunct_a have_v before_o provide_v such_o land_n or_o annualrent_n to_o his_o special_a heir_n do_v by_o acquire_v new_a right_n mean_v to_o set_v his_o heir_n by_o the_o ear_n to_o debate_v upon_o their_o several_a right_n neither_o can_v his_o posterior_n deed_n be_v repute_v a_o alteration_n of_o the_o former_a provision_n which_o can_v only_o be_v do_v by_o resignation_n unless_o the_o defunct_a debar_v express_o his_o former_a special_a heir_n and_o obtain_v his_o heir_n whatsoever_o infeft_v and_o though_o heir_n whatsoever_o do_v ordinary_o signify_v heir_n of_o line_n who_o be_v heir_n general_a and_o take_v place_n when_o the_o right_a of_o no_o special_a heir_n appear_v yet_o the_o adequat_fw-la signification_n thereof_o be_v not_o heir_n general_a but_o heir_n general_o whether_o of_o line_n male_a tailzie_n or_o provision_n as_o be_v more_o clear_a passiuè_fw-fr in_o the_o defunct_n obliegment_n as_o if_o he_o oblige_v himself_o and_o his_o heir_n whatsoever_o by_o heir_n whatsoever_o will_v be_v understand_v all_o kind_n of_o heir_n in_o their_o order_n yea_o in_o some_o case_n only_o his_o special_a heir_n if_o the_o obliegment_n relate_v to_o land_n or_o other_o so_o provide_v as_o will_v short_o appear_v and_o therefore_o heir_n male_a or_o of_o tailzie_n and_o provision_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n be_v as_o stranger_n and_o may_v come_v against_o their_o predecessor_n deed_n in_o favour_n of_o his_o heir_n of_o line_n as_o if_o any_o person_n provide_v any_o land_n or_o annualrent_n to_o his_o heir_n male_a or_o of_o tailzie_n and_o thereafter_o dispone_v the_o same_o to_o his_o heir_n apparent_a of_o line_n his_o heir_n male_a or_o of_o tailzie_n will_v in_o several_a case_n not_o be_v oblige_v to_o fulfil_v that_o provision_n and_o if_o such_o express_a provision_n be_v ineffectual_a to_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n it_o seem_v a_o general_a take_v a_o new_a right_n in_o favour_n of_o heir_n whatsoever_o shall_v be_v less_o effectual_a but_o the_o difficulty_n be_v how_o special_a heir_n can_v be_v serve_v heir_n in_o such_o right_n supervenient_a conceive_v in_o favour_n of_o heir_n whatsoever_o which_o will_v be_v loose_v if_o the_o heir_n special_a may_v be_v comprehend_v and_o so_o serve_v under_o the_o common_a title_n of_o heir_n whatsoever_o how_o far_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n or_o provision_n may_v alter_v the_o tailzie_n of_o the_o fee_n or_o affect_v or_o burden_v the_o same_o be_v large_o consider_v title_n 13._o §_o 58._o which_o therefore_o need_v not_o here_o be_v repeat_v 13._o the_o common_a interest_n of_o heir_n passiuè_a be_v that_o they_o be_v liable_a for_o their_o predecessor_n debt_n for_o they_o be_v repute_v in_o law_n as_o one_o person_n with_o their_o predecessor_n and_o so_o represent_v they_o not_o only_o active_a in_o their_o estate_n and_o good_n but_o also_o passive_a in_o their_o debt_n and_o burden_n quem_fw-la sequuntur_fw-la commoda_fw-la eundem_fw-la &_o incommoda_fw-la sequuntur_fw-la and_o this_o be_v common_a also_o to_o executor_n as_o be_v heir_n in_o the_o movable_n but_o as_o the_o executor_n succeed_v only_o in_o movable_a right_n active_a so_o they_o succeed_v only_o in_o movable_a debt_n passive_a yet_o the_o creditor_n have_v his_o option_n to_o pursue_v either_o or_o both_o of_o they_o whether_o the_o debt_n be_v heritable_a or_o movable_a and_o the_o heir_n have_v relief_n against_o the_o executor_n in_o so_o far_o as_o he_o be_v distress_v for_o movable_a debt_n so_o have_v the_o executor_n relief_n against_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o heritable_a debt_n march_v 7._o 1629._o falconer_n contra_fw-la blair_n spot_n executor_n laird_n of_o carnousie_n contra_fw-la meldrum_n but_o heir_n and_o executor_n differ_v in_o this_o that_o the_o executor_n be_v only_o liable_a secundum_fw-la vires_fw-la inventarli_fw-la according_a to_o the_o inventar_n of_o the_o confirm_a testament_n unless_o he_o disorderly_a intromet_n with_o more_o but_o the_o heir_n be_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la though_o the_o debt_n far_o exceed_v the_o value_n of_o the_o estate_n heir_n be_v liable_a for_o their_o predecessor_n debt_n but_o not_o all_o the_o same_o way_n first_o heir_n portioner_n though_o joint_o they_o be_v liable_a for_o their_o predecessor_n debt_n in_o solidum_fw-la without_o benefit_n of_o inventary_a yet_o several_o each_o heir-portion_a be_v regular_o liable_a but_o pro_fw-la rata_fw-la parte_fw-la though_o the_o proportion_n whereunto_o they_o succeed_v be_v more_o than_o the_o whole_a debt_n february_n 7._o 1632._o hoom_n contra_fw-la hoom._n spot_n improbation_n laird_n of_o laars_n contra_fw-la dunbar_v john_n duncan_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o john_n ogilvy_n 14._o yet_o one_o heir-portion_a be_v find_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la as_o successor_n in_o his_o whole_a estate_n by_o disposition_n post_fw-la contractum_fw-la debitum_fw-la though_o there_o be_v other_o two_o sister_n the_o one_o of_o who_o be_v call_v renounce_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi condescend_v upon_o nothing_o unto_o which_o she_o can_v succeed_v and_o the_o other_o have_v no_o mean_n but_o be_v call_v passive_a feb._n 15._o 1634._o peter_n orr_n contra_fw-la elizabeth_n 〈◊〉_d neither_o do_v it_o avail_v that_o the_o other_o sister_n have_v receive_v portion_n of_o money_n near_o to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o estate_n by_o the_o father_n in_o his_o life_n but_o action_n of_o relief_n be_v reserve_v against_o they_o as_o accord_n march_v 21._o 1634._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la the_o reason_n thereof_o adduce_v be_v that_o the_o get_v portion_n in_o money_n can_v be_v no_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o so_o can_v not_o make_v the_o receiver_n lucrative_a successor_n 〈◊〉_d contractum_fw-la debitum_fw-la as_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o land_n do_v yea_o a_o heir_n portioner_n be_v convene_v without_o the_o other_o be_v find_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la because_o the_o other_o be_v find_v not_o solvendo_fw-la and_o have_v dispone_v all_o right_n to_o the_o defender_n january_n 29._o 1642._o scot_n contra_fw-la hart._n but_o here_o the_o matter_n be_v but_o of_o small_a moment_n and_o this_o be_v a_o doubt_n in_o the_o first_o decision_n in_o this_o case_n if_o some_o of_o the_o heir_n portioner_n shall_v be_v insolvendo_fw-la whether_o or_o no_o recourse_n may_v be_v have_v against_o they_o that_o be_v solvendo_fw-la at_o the_o least_o to_o the_o value_n of_o their_o proportion_n which_o though_o it_o seem_v equitable_a and_o be_v favour_v by_o this_o last_o decision_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o decide_v in_o the_o former_a neither_o have_v i_o observe_v it_o decide_v since_o but_o in_o the_o pursuit_n decem._n 23._o 1665._o at_o the_o instance_n of_o dam_n rachel_n burnet_n now_o lady_n preston_n contra_fw-la sister_n of_o her_o first_o husband_n the_o lord_n only_o discern_v against_o the_o heir_n portioner_n pro_fw-la rata_fw-la but_o with_o reservation_n to_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi to_o insist_v and_o dispute_v she_o right_o against_o any_o of_o they_o for_o more_o if_o any_o of_o they_o prove_v insolvent_a but_o it_o seem_v the_o portion_n of_o the_o insolvent_a will_v not_o reach_v the_o solvent_a above_o the_o value_n of_o their_o succession_n because_o the_o only_a ground_n they_o can_v be_v liable_a on_o for_o more_o than_o their_o part_n will_v be_v in_o quantum_fw-la lucrantur_fw-la for_o as_o heir_n they_o can_v not_o be_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la neither_o by_o our_o law_n nor_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o if_o the_o creditor_n taciturnity_n whereby_o the_o other_o heir_n become_v insolvent_a do_v appear_v it_o will_v prejudge_v the_o silent_a creditor_n and_o not_o the_o heir_n who_o do_v not_o know_v the_o debt_n and_o so_o can_v not_o prevent_v the_o other_o dilapidation_n 15._o there_o be_v a_o case_n occur_v ofttimes_o among_o heir_n portioner_n when_o several_a obligation_n and_o provision_n be_v grant_v in_o their_o favour_n by_o the_o defunct_a whereby_o after_o his_o decease_n they_o become_v mutual_a debtor_n and_o creditor_n and_o sometime_o these_o provision_n exceed_v the_o estate_n quid_fw-la juris_fw-la whether_o do_v these_o obligation_n evanish_v and_o become_v extinct_a confusione_n because_o the_o same_o person_n become_v debtor_n and_o creditor_n or_o whether_o they_o do_v all_o stand_v and_o in_o that_o case_n whether_o the_o first_o in_o order_n will_v be_v prefer_v or_o if_o they_o all_o will_v be_v abate_v proportional_o to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o heritage_n thus_o maitland_n observe_v december_n 20._o 1550._o that_o a_o father_n infeft_v
money_n be_v lend_v and_o the_o obligement_n to_o repay_v be_v conceive_v thus_o to_o be_v pay_v at_o such_o a_o term_n to_o the_o lender_n and_o in_o case_n of_o his_o decease_n or_o fail_v he_o by_o decease_n or_o after_o his_o decease_n to_o such_o a_o person_n whence_o these_o question_n result_v first_o whether_o the_o lender_n be_v foot_n of_o the_o sum_n and_o the_o person_n substitute_n heir_n of_o provision_n or_o whether_o the_o person_n substitute_n be_v heir_n whether_o he_o may_v succeed_v at_o any_o time_n or_o only_o if_o the_o lender_n die_v before_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n as_o to_o the_o first_o question_n the_o person_n substitute_n be_v not_o foot_n but_o heir_n and_o the_o lender_n be_v not_o liferenter_fw-la but_o foot_n and_o therefore_o may_v dispose_v of_o the_o sum_n at_o pleasure_n by_o assignation_n legacy_n or_o otherwise_o as_o other_o fere_n may_v february_n 22._o 1623._o mr._n john_n leich_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o balnamoon_n february_n 28._o 1626._o tulliallan_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o clackmannan_n and_o where_o the_o clause_n bear_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o clackmannan_n and_o his_o spouse_n the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o two_o and_o in_o case_n of_o their_o decease_n to_o alexander_n bruce_n their_o son_n in_o fee_n with_o a_o obligement_n to_o infeft_a the_o spouse_n in_o liferent_a and_o the_o son_n in_o fee_n in_o a_o annualrent_a effeirand_n thereto_o yet_o the_o father_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_o to_o dispose_v of_o the_o sum._n the_o like_a be_v find_v feb._n 20._o 1629._o laird_n of_o drumkilbo_n contra_fw-la lord_n stormount_v where_o the_o father_n survive_v the_o term_n of_o payment_n though_o he_o free_o and_o without_o a_o cause_n onerous_a discharge_v the_o sum_n provide_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o he_o and_o fail_v he_o to_o his_o son_n though_o it_o bear_v a_o clause_n of_o infeftment_n to_o the_o father_n in_o liferent_a and_o to_o the_o son_n in_o fee_n but_o no_o infeftment_n follow_v the_o like_a though_o the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n subtitute_n be_v both_o infeft_v in_o one_o seasine_n july_n 23._o 1675._o laird_n of_o lamingtoun_n contra_fw-la muire_n of_o annistoun_n as_o to_o the_o second_o question_n the_o more_o ancient_a decision_n have_v interpret_v such_o clause_n strict_o thus_o that_o the_o sum_n payable_a at_o such_o a_o term_n to_o the_o first_o person_n shall_v be_v pay_v at_o that_o term_n to_o the_o person_n substitute_n so_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v payable_a at_o no_o term_n thereafter_o to_o the_o person_n substitute_n but_o if_o the_o first_o person_n survive_v the_o term_n of_o payment_n though_o he_o do_v nothing_o to_o alter_v the_o substitution_n the_o same_o shall_v not_o belong_v to_o the_o person_n substitute_n but_o to_o his_o heir_n hope_v succession_n spot_n assignation_n laird_n of_o bonytoun_n contra_fw-la john_n keith_n feb._n 22._o 1623._o john_n leich_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o balnamoon_n where_o it_o be_v find_v that_o such_o sum_n come_v under_o the_o first_o person_n survive_v the_o term_n their_o testament_n and_o belong_v to_o their_o executor_n but_o more_o frequent_a decision_n have_v with_o better_a reason_n interpret_v such_o clause_n on_o the_o contrary_a that_o the_o person_n substitute_n be_v heir_n of_o provision_n whensoever_o the_o defunct_a die_v whether_o before_o or_o after_o the_o term._n because_o constitution_n ofheir_n be_v simple_o and_o not_o ad_fw-la diem_fw-la but_o main_o because_o the_o ordinary_a intent_n of_o such_o clause_n be_v to_o appoint_v portion_n for_o the_o bairn_n name_v therein_o who_o therefore_o be_v substitute_n heir_n of_o provision_n to_o their_o father_n so_o that_o if_o he_o do_v not_o express_o alter_v or_o prejudge_v the_o substitution_n his_o intent_n be_v that_o they_o succeed_v he_o whensoever_o spot_n assignation_n currie_n contra_fw-la nimmo_n relict_n of_o john_n thomsom_n contra_fw-la william_n thomson_n the_o like_a in_o a_o legacy_n leave_v to_o a_o person_n and_o fail_v she_o by_o decease_n to_o another_o which_o be_v not_o find_v à _fw-fr fidei_fw-la commissum_fw-la to_o be_v restore_v by_o the_o first_o person_n to_o the_o second_o at_o her_o death_n and_o therefore_o the_o assigny_n of_o the_o first_o person_n be_v prefer_v spot_n disposition_n sarah_n reid_n contra_fw-la alexander_n downie_n january_n 18._o 1625._o wat_fw-mi contra_fw-la dobbie_fw-mi june_n 26._o 1634._o keith_n contra_fw-la inn_n therefore_o such_o sum_n bear_v no_o clause_n of_o infeftment_n yet_o fall_v under_o testament_n neither_o have_v the_o relict_n a_o three_o thereof_o hope_n succession_n in_o these_o substitution_n though_o the_o person_n be_v substitute_n as_o heir_n yet_o he_o be_v not_o proper_o heir_n and_o so_o need_v not_o to_o be_v enter_v by_o any_o service_n because_o he_o be_v nominate_v and_o there_o be_v no_o other_o heir_n but_o intailzy_n though_o some_o of_o the_o member_n of_o the_o tailzie_n be_v nominate_v yet_o because_o in_o land_n as_o be_v before_o say_v the_o person_n nominate_v be_v never_o the_o first_o heir_n therefore_o there_o must_v be_v a_o service_n to_o inquire_v whether_o the_o first_o heir_n fail_v or_o not_o which_o be_v unnecessary_a where_o there_o be_v one_o person_n only_o nominate_v to_o be_v heir_n concern_v which_o there_o needs_o beno_fw-la enquiry_n though_o the_o person_n substitute_v be_v as_o heir_n it_o follow_v not_o that_o they_o must_v be_v liable_a as_o heir_n of_o provision_n to_o the_o first_o person_n be_v debt_n contract_v before_o the_o substitution_n because_o they_o be_v not_o proper_o heir_n not_o require_v any_o service_n they_o be_v interpretatiuè_fw-fr like_a to_o heir_n because_o the_o nature_n and_o intent_n of_o such_o clause_n be_v not_o to_o constitute_v the_o first_o person_n as_o a_o naked_a liferenter_fw-la but_o that_o they_o be_v understand_v as_o if_o they_o be_v thus_o express_v with_o power_n to_o the_o first_o person_n to_o alter_v and_o dispone_v at_o his_o pleasure_n during_o his_o life_n so_o thereafter_o only_o the_o heir_n substitute_v take_v place_n though_o in_o these_o respect_n as_o heir_n yet_o in_o reality_n as_o secundary_a conditional_a or_o substitute_n fere_n but_o the_o substitute_n be_v liable_a other_o 〈◊〉_d heir_n and_o executor_n be_v discuss_v unless_o the_o person_n substitute_n abstain_v because_o the_o substitution_n be_v a_o gratuitous_a deed_n in_o prejudice_n of_o creditor_n post_fw-la contractum_fw-la debitum_fw-la and_o so_o annullable_n and_o the_o substitute_n meddle_v be_v liable_a to_o repay_v quoad_fw-la valorem_fw-la only_o but_o never_o by_o a_o universal_a passive_a title_n july_n 3._o 1666._o fleeming_a contra_fw-la fleeming_n the_o next_o difficulty_n be_v who_o be_v foot_n in_o provision_n or_o tailzy_n of_o sum_n annualrent_n or_o land_n in_o conjunctfee_n wherein_o these_o general_a rule_n do_v ordinary_o take_v place_n first_o that_o the_o last_o termination_n of_o heir_n whatsoever_o infer_v that_o person_n of_o the_o conjunctfeer_n who_o heir_n they_o be_v to_o be_v fere_n and_o the_o other_o liferenter_n 2._o when_o that_o be_v not_o express_v potior_fw-la est_fw-la conditio_fw-la masculi_fw-la the_o heir_n of_o the_o man_n be_v understand_v but_o these_o have_v their_o own_o limitation_n as_o first_o in_o movable_a good_n and_o sum_v provide_v to_o a_o man_n and_o a_o wife_n and_o their_o heir_n without_o i_o ntion_v which_o fail_v to_o who_o heir_n the_o same_o shall_v be_v due_a be_v find_v not_o to_o fall_v to_o the_o man_n heir_n but_o to_o divide_v equal_o betwixt_o the_o man_n and_o wife_n heir_n february_n 2._o 1632._o bartholomew_n contra_fw-la hassingtoun_n february_n 18._o 1637._o mungle_n contra_fw-la john_n steill_n yea_o a_o clause_n in_o a_o reversion_n redeemable_a by_o a_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n and_o their_o heir_n be_v find_v to_o constitute_v the_o wife_n foot_n of_o the_o reversion_n because_o she_o be_v foot_n of_o the_o land_n wadset_n hope_v liferent_a kincaid_n contra_fw-la menzies_n of_o pitfoddel_n but_o a_o assignation_n to_o a_o reversion_n provide_v to_o a_o man_n and_o wife_n the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o two_o and_o their_o heir_n be_v find_v to_o make_v the_o man_n only_a foot_n hope_v husband_n and_o wife_n walter_n collistoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o pitfoddel_n a_o clause_n in_o a_o charter_n provide_v land_n to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o two_o and_o the_o heir_n betwixt_o they_o which_o fail_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o man_n body_n which_o fail_v to_o the_o wife_n her_o heir_n whatsoever_o though_o the_o last_o termination_n be_v upon_o the_o wife_n yet_o the_o husband_n be_v find_v foot_n july_n 24._o 1622._o ramsey_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o conheath_n the_o like_a in_o a_o clause_n provide_v a_o sum_n be_v a_o wife_n tocher_n to_o the_o man_n and_o wife_n and_o the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o two_o in_o conjunctfee_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n betwixt_o they_o which_o fail_v the_o wife_n heir_n yet_o the_o
traffic_v burgess_n and_o take_v themselves_o to_o a_o country_n life_n their_o heir_n will_v have_v heirship_n movable_a and_o therefore_o semel_fw-la civis_fw-la semper_fw-la civis_fw-la be_v not_o presume_v neither_o semel_fw-la paerlatus_fw-la semper_fw-la praelatus_fw-la for_o if_o a_o benefice_a person_n be_v deprive_v or_o demit_v before_o the_o death_n his_o heir_n will_v have_v no_o heirship_n movable_a 10._o the_o second_o defense_n against_o intromission_n with_o heirship_n movable_a and_o which_o be_v also_o competent_a against_o vicious_a intromission_n be_v that_o the_o defunct_a die_v rebel_n and_o his_o escheat_n be_v gifxt_v and_o declare_v before_o intent_v of_o the_o creditor_n pursuit_n june_n 10._o 1663._o gordon_n of_o lismoir_n contra_fw-la keith_n june_n 10._o 1674._o lady_n spenserfield_n contra_fw-la hamilton_n of_o kilbrachmount_n december_n 22._o 1674._o heir_n of_o seatoun_n of_o blair_n contra_fw-la sir_n alexander_n seatoun_n and_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o allege_v that_o the_o apparent_a heir_n have_v any_o right_a or_o tolerance_n from_o the_o donatar_n for_o the_o exception_n be_v equiparat_fw-la to_o executor_n confirm_v against_o vicious_a intromission_n whereby_o vicious_a intromission_n be_v exclude_v albeit_o the_o intromission_n be_v before_o another_o be_v confirm_v executor_n if_o the_o confirmation_n be_v before_o intent_v of_o the_o creditor_n cause_n but_o it_o be_v no_o relevant_a defense_n that_o the_o defunct_a die_v rebel_n and_o so_o have_v no_o moveable_n but_o that_o they_o be_v confiscate_v neither_o be_v it_o sufficient_a that_o the_o escheat_n be_v gift_v not_o be_v also_o declare_v before_o the_o creditor_n pursuit_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o say_v two_o first_o case_n 11._o the_o three_o defense_n be_v that_o the_o apparent_a heir_n intromet_v by_o a_o gift_n to_o himself_o or_o to_o his_o behoof_n or_o by_o a_o right_n or_o tolerance_n from_o a_o donatar_n these_o be_v prior_n to_o the_o creditor_n pursuit_n although_o posterior_n to_o his_o intromission_n albeit_o not_o declare_v be_v relevant_a because_o the_o donatar_n thereby_o be_v in_o possession_n and_o needs_o no_o declarator_n feb._n 26._o 1663._o cuthbirt_n of_o draky_n contra_fw-la monro_n of_o 〈◊〉_d june_n 10._o 1663._o gordon_n of_o lismoir_n contra_fw-la keith_n july_n 4._o 1674._o mr._n william_n innes_n contra_fw-la george_n wilson_n june_n 10._o 1674._o lady_n spenserfield_n contra_fw-la hamilton_n of_o kilbrachmont_n feb._n 10._o 1676._o grant_v contra_fw-la grant_n 12._o the_o four_o exception_n be_v when_o movable_n belong_v to_o a_o defunct_a remain_v in_o his_o house_n whereunto_o his_o apparent_a heir_n have_v right_o by_o infeftment_n wherein_o the_o defunct_a have_v his_o liferent_a or_o tolerance_n if_o the_o heir_n enter_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o house_n if_o at_o his_o entry_n he_o represent_v to_o any_o competent_a judge_n that_o there_o be_v movable_n in_o or_o about_o the_o house_n belong_v to_o the_o defunct_a which_o he_o desire_v to_o be_v inventary_v or_o that_o such_o as_o can_v be_v preserve_v may_v be_v sell_v that_o the_o price_n may_v be_v make_v forthcoming_a to_o all_o party_n have_v interest_n if_o inventary_a or_o sale_n be_v make_v by_o warrant_n of_o that_o judge_n the_o continue_v of_o these_o movable_n in_o the_o house_n or_o the_o sale_n of_o those_o which_o can_v be_v preserve_v will_v not_o infer_v behave_v as_o heir_n yet_o the_o make_v use_n of_o the_o thing_n in_o the_o inventary_a or_o the_o sale_n of_o that_o which_o be_v not_o warrant_v yea_o the_o ommission_n out_o of_o the_o inventary_a of_o movable_n of_o any_o considerable_a value_n be_v find_v to_o infer_v behaviour_n january_n 25._o 1632._o helen_n scarlet_n contra_fw-la john_n paterson_n 13._o the_o other_o ordinary_a member_n of_o behave_v as_o heir_n be_v by_o intromission_n with_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n or_o tiend_n whereunto_o the_o defunct_a have_v right_o by_o infeftment_n or_o enter_v in_o possession_n of_o these_o land_n and_o tiend_n unto_o which_o the_o apparent_a heir_n will_v succeed_v which_o be_v the_o most_o direct_a behaviour_n as_o heir_n and_o be_v only_o competent_a against_o such_o person_n as_o may_v be_v heir_n in_o that_o whereinto_o they_o immix_v themselves_o and_o so_o a_o heir_n of_o line_n poslessing_n or_o intromet_v with_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n provide_v to_o heir_n male_a or_o to_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n or_o provision_n or_o the_o intromission_n of_o these_o with_o the_o profit_n of_o land_n or_o tiend_n befalling_a to_o heir_n of_o line_n will_v only_o infer_v restitution_n or_o reparation_n but_o will_v not_o infer_v a_o general_a passive_a title_n make_v the_o party_n liable_a to_o all_o the_o defunct_n debt_n 14._o there_o be_v many_o defence_n which_o use_v to_o be_v propon_v against_o this_o species_n of_o behaviour_n as_o first_o it_o be_v a_o ordinary_a custom_n to_o shun_v this_o passive_a title_n that_o the_o apparent_a heir_n grant_v a_o bond_n of_o purpose_n to_o adjudge_v the_o defunct_n right_a upon_o the_o apparent_a heir_n renounciation_n and_o then_o take_v right_o to_o the_o adjudication_n till_o the_o lord_n by_o a_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la feb._n 28._o 1662._o do_v declare_v that_o if_o apparent_a heir_n shall_v in_o time_n come_v take_v right_o to_o any_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n of_o their_o predecessor_n right_n for_o their_o own_o debt_n and_o do_v 〈◊〉_d thereby_o whether_o before_o or_o after_o expyre_v of_o the_o legal_a they_o shall_v be_v liable_a as_o behave_v as_o heir_n which_o have_v always_o since_o be_v follow_v and_o therefore_o no_o defense_n for_o such_o right_n will_v be_v sustain_v albeit_o it_o be_v a_o true_a debt_n of_o the_o apparent_a heir_n and_o not_o a_o simulat_fw-la bond_n grant_v of_o design_n to_o adjudge_v or_o apprise_n neither_o be_v it_o a_o relevant_a defense_n that_o the_o land_n or_o teind_n be_v apprise_v or_o adjudge_v from_o the_o defunct_a albeit_o infeftment_n have_v follow_v thereupon_o if_o the_o heir_n apparent_a intromet_n without_o right_n or_o warrant_v from_o the_o appryser_n or_o adjudger_n within_o the_o legal_a feb._n 21._o 1663._o henry_n hamilton_n contra_fw-la william_n hamilton_n but_o it_o be_v a_o relevant_a exception_n that_o the_o apparent_a heir_n intromission_n or_o possession_n be_v by_o right_o from_o a_o appryser_n or_o adjudger_n though_o the_o legal_a be_v not_o expire_v unless_o the_o sum_n be_v full_o satisfy_v by_o intromission_n or_o otherways_o january_n 10._o 1662._o barclay_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o cragievar_n the_o like_a though_o the_o apparent_a heir_n continue_v to_o possess_v for_o some_o time_n after_o the_o appryse_v be_v satisfy_v by_o intromission_n feb._n 26._o 1663._o cuthbert_n of_o draky_n contra_fw-la monro_n of_o foulis_n yea_o intromission_n with_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o defunct_n land_n by_o his_o apparent_a heir_n waselide_v by_o a_o tolerance_n from_o a_o donatar_n of_o recognition_n albeit_o not_o declare_v till_o after_o his_o intromission_n the_o apparent_a heir_n pay_v the_o single_a value_n of_o his_o intromission_n july_n 17._o 1666._o thomas_n ogilvie_n contra_fw-la lord_n grace_n but_o a_o tolerance_n from_o appryser_n after_o their_o intromission_n be_v not_o find_v relevant_a july_n 11._o 1671._o sr._n george_n maxvell_n contra_fw-la maxvel_n yet_o the_o apparent_a heir_n intromission_n be_v elide_v because_o the_o defunct_n right_n be_v improven_v though_o after_o the_o intromission_n march_n 22._o 1628._o roderick_n farquhar_n contra_fw-la campbel_n of_o kingingcluch_v and_o a_o apparent_a heir_n intromission_n be_v elide_v by_o a_o colourable_a title_n though_o not_o valid_a whereby_o the_o heir_n of_o a_o marriage_n be_v enter_v and_o infeft_v as_o heir_n to_o her_o mother_n yet_o her_o infeftment_n be_v reduce_v and_o her_o father_n be_v find_v foot_n in_o a_o dubious_a provision_n of_o conjunct-fee_n the_o heir_n so_o serve_v be_v not_o find_v liable_a as_o behave_v as_o heir_n to_o her_o father_n but_o only_a quoad_fw-la valorem_fw-la of_o her_o intromission_n july_n 12._o 1671._o adam_n gairns_n contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d sandielands_n but_o it_o be_v not_o elide_v because_o the_o apparent_a heir_n pass_v by_o his_o father_n and_o be_v infeft_v as_o heir_n to_o his_o good-sire_n though_o his_o father_n be_v infeft_v that_o colourable_a title_n be_v not_o sustain_v the_o apparent_a heir_n be_v in_o mala_fw-la fide_fw-la have_v the_o evident_n in_o his_o hand_n november_n 23._o 1671._o rorieson_n contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d yet_o behave_v as_o heir_n be_v not_o infer_v by_o the_o heir_n apparant_n intromet_v with_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n which_o his_o predecessor_n have_v dispone_v in_o trust_n to_o a_o three_o party_n for_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o apparent_a heir_n and_o whereupon_o the_o entrust_v be_v infeft_v january_n 14._o 1662._o nicol_n contra_fw-la home_n of_o planderge_v but_o intromission_n by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n be_v elide_v by_o a_o disposition_n by_o a_o defunct_a to_o the_o apparent_a heir_n son_n his_o oye_n though_o without_o
do_v remain_v and_o both_o be_v compatible_a hope_v successor_n lucrative_n grace_n contra_fw-la william_n burgh_n 2._o this_o passive_a title_n be_v not_o only_o extend_v to_o disposition_n of_o land_n bear_v express_o a_o lucrative_a title_n as_o for_o love_n and_o favour_n etc._n etc._n but_o though_o the_o narrative_a thereof_o bear_v express_o a_o cause_n onerous_a which_o be_v betwixt_o the_o disponer_n and_o his_o apparent_a heir_n prove_v not_o and_o therefore_o the_o cause_n onerous_a must_v be_v prove_v aliunde_fw-la vide_fw-la title_n reparation_n upon_o circumvention_n where_o the_o narrative_a of_o writ_n among_o conjunct_a and_o confident_a person_n prove_v not_o the_o cause_n to_o be_v onerous_a and_o though_o there_o be_v a_o cause_n onerous_a instruct_v it_o will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a unless_o it_o be_v equivalent_a to_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o land_n to_o substain_v it_o against_o reduction_n but_o if_o the_o cause_n onerous_a be_v considerable_a the_o heir_n will_v not_o be_v liable_a simple_o or_o personal_o but_o the_o right_n may_v be_v reduce_v and_o the_o heir_n may_v be_v lyble_a in_o quantum_fw-la est_fw-la lucratus_fw-la and_o therefore_o a_o apparent_a heir_n have_v accept_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o disposition_n and_o infeftment_n grant_v by_o his_o predecessor_n to_o a_o three_o party_n but_o to_o the_o apparent_a 〈◊〉_d behoof_n the_o lord_n before_o answer_v ordain_v the_o cause_n onerous_a of_o the_o disposition_n to_o be_v instruct_v reserve_v to_o their_o consideration_n how_o far_o the_o apparent_a heir_n shall_v be_v liable_a personal_o thereby_o january_n 14._o 1662._o nichol_n harper_n contra_fw-la hume_n of_o planerge_v the_o like_a of_o a_o disposition_n of_o land_n by_o a_o mother_n to_o her_o apparent_a heir_n though_o it_o do_v bear_v a_o sum_n of_o money_n which_o do_v not_o prove_v betwixt_o mother_n and_o son_n february_n 15._o 1676._o patrick_n hadden_n contra_fw-la george_n 〈◊〉_d the_o like_a be_v find_v of_o a_o disposition_n by_o a_o father_n to_o his_o son_n and_o apparent_a heir_n though_o the_o son_n offer_v to_o prove_v it_o be_v for_o equivalent_a onerous_a cause_n see_v the_o disposition_n itself_o do_v bear_v for_o love_n and_o favour_n and_o other_o good_a consideration_n november_n 22._o 1671._o beaty_n contra_fw-la roxlurgh_n but_o bond_n of_o provision_n by_o parent_n to_o child_n infer_v no_o passive_a title_n though_o the_o child_n be_v heir_n apparent_a as_o when_o the_o bond_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o elder_a son_n or_o bond_n of_o provision_n or_o a_o tocher_n to_o daughter_n when_o there_o be_v no_o son_n though_o in_o that_o case_n the_o daughter_n may_v be_v esteem_v heir_n apparent_a although_o true_o they_o be_v not_o for_o a_o man_n be_v ever_o understand_v to_o be_v capable_a of_o have_v a_o son_n and_o therefore_o daughter_n be_v little_o more_o heir_n apparent_a than_o brother_n yet_o bond_n of_o provision_n or_o tocher_n be_v reducible_a by_o anterior_a creditor_n if_o the_o defunct_a have_v not_o a_o visible_a estate_n sufficient_a for_o these_o portion_n and_o his_o whole_a anterior_a debt_n and_o therefore_o accept_v a_o tocher_n do_v not_o make_v a_o daughter_n liable_a as_o lucrative_a successor_n though_o there_o be_v no_o son_n yet_o the_o daughter_n and_o her_o husband_n be_v find_v lyble_a to_o the_o father_n anterior_a creditor_n for_o what_o be_v above_o a_o competent_a tocher_n suitable_a to_o the_o party_n december_n 23._o 1665._o dame_n rachel_n burnet_n contra_fw-la leper_n neither_o will_v take_a bond_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o daughter_n or_o assign_v bond_n to_o they_o make_v they_o liable_a as_o lucrative_a successor_n and_o yet_o the_o accept_n of_o assignation_n to_o heritable_a bond_n by_o a_o father_n to_o his_o elder_a son_n in_o which_o the_o son_n will_v succeed_v as_o heir_n may_v infer_v this_o passive_a title_n december_n 2._o 1665._o edgar_z contra_fw-la colvil_n but_o where_o the_o father_n in_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n provide_v his_o son_n to_o several_a bond_n which_o before_o any_o creditor_n pursue_v be_v pay_v and_o cancel_v and_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v by_o the_o contract_n whether_o they_o be_v heritable_a or_o movable_a the_o lord_n do_v not_o sustain_v the_o passive_a title_n but_o find_v the_o son_n liable_a in_o quantum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d and_o do_v presume_v the_o bond_n to_o be_v heritable_a unless_o they_o be_v prove_v to_o be_v movable_a january_n 7._o 1679._o hamilton_n of_o burdowie_a contra_fw-la mr._n andrew_n hay_o but_o a_o disposition_n of_o land_n to_o the_o elder_a son_n be_v find_v to_o make_v he_o lucrative_a successor_n although_o by_o his_o father_n contract_n of_o marriage_n with_o his_o mother_n his_o second_o wife_n the_o father_n be_v oblige_v to_o infeft_a the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o marriage_n in_o the_o say_a land_n which_o do_v import_v a_o succession_n see_v the_o obligement_n contain_v no_o determinate_a time_n and_o so_o may_v be_v perform_v by_o the_o father_n any_o time_n in_o his_o life_n november_n 29._o 1678._o hagens_n contra_fw-la maxwell_n the_o like_a be_v find_v in_o a_o disposition_n of_o land_n or_o annualrent_n to_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o marriage_n see_v these_o be_v provide_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n february_n 22._o 1681._o grizel_n more_n contra_fw-la ferguson_n the_o disponer_n bairn_n portion_n be_v not_o a_o cause_n onerous_a be_v grant_v after_o the_o creditor_n debt_n albeit_o undertake_v and_o secure_v by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n bona_fw-la fide_fw-la before_o any_o diligence_n at_o the_o creditor_n instance_n not_o be_v pay_v before_o the_o pursuit_n ibid._n because_o the_o heir_n may_v suspend_v upon_o double_a poynd_n and_o will_v not_o be_v make_v to_o pay_v both_o the_o bairn_n and_o creditor_n 3._o this_o title_n be_v extend_v to_o disposition_n grant_v in_o the_o apparent_a heir_n contract_v of_o marriage_n which_o in_o many_o respect_n be_v account_v a_o cause_n onerous_a july_n 8._o 1625._o grace_n contra_fw-la william_n burgh_n where_o the_o son_n be_v not_o liberat_fw-la though_o he_o offer_v to_o renounce_v the_o land_n he_o have_v by_o contract_n and_o it_o be_v find_v that_o land_n be_v dispone_v and_o resign_v by_o the_o father_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o son_n by_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n though_o they_o be_v for_o the_o present_a wadset_n and_o dispone_v with_o that_o burden_n and_o thereafter_o redeem_v by_o the_o son_n by_o his_o own_o mean_n so_o that_o there_o remain_v nothing_o in_o the_o father_n but_o the_o superiority_n and_o the_o 〈◊〉_d yet_o the_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v find_v onerous_a as_o to_o the_o wife_n be_v luerent_fw-la and_o in_o respect_n the_o son_n be_v minor_a and_o present_o revoke_v the_o disposition_n and_o renounce_v all_o other_o right_n except_o that_o of_o the_o wadset_n which_o he_o have_v redeem_v he_o be_v liberat_fw-la of_o the_o passive_a title_n and_o the_o land_n declare_v redeemable_a by_o any_o creditor_n anterior_a to_o the_o contract_n january_n 14._o 1634._o mr._n david_n courtney_n minister_n contra_fw-la weems_n of_o lothoker_n in_o the_o like_a case_n where_o land_n be_v dispone_v by_o a_o father_n to_o the_o son_n in_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n for_o a_o tocher_n pay_v to_o the_o father_n for_o some_o debt_n and_o bairn_n portion_n far_o within_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o land_n the_o son_n be_v not_o find_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la as_o lucrative_a successor_n nor_o yet_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi put_v to_o a_o reduction_n but_o the_o son_n be_v in_o hoc_fw-la processu_fw-la put_v to_o count_n and_o pay_v the_o superplus_n of_o the_o true_a price_n of_o the_o land_n june_n 17._o 1664._o lion_n of_o murask_n contra_fw-la bannerman_n 4._o this_o title_n take_v place_n not_o only_o in_o universal_a disposition_n of_o the_o predecessor_n whole_a estate_n but_o a_o disposition_n of_o any_o part_n thereof_o be_v sufficient_a see_v the_o least_o as_o well_o as_o the_o most_o be_v praeceptio_fw-la haereditatis_fw-la 5._o this_o title_n be_v extend_v also_o not_o only_o to_o disposition_n make_v to_o and_o accept_v by_o the_o immediate_a apparent_a heir_n but_o also_o to_o the_o mediate_a apparent_a heir_n so_o that_o he_o be_v alioqui_fw-la successurus_fw-la by_o the_o course_n of_o law_n necessary_o as_o what_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o apparent_a heir_n because_o the_o ground_n of_o this_o title_n be_v to_o prevent_v deed_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o disponer_n successor_n prejudicial_a to_o the_o disponer_n creditor_n who_o debt_n be_v anterior_a the_o reason_n hold_v as_o much_o where_o he_o dispones_fw-la to_o his_o oye_n who_o by_o the_o course_n of_o law_n be_v to_o succeed_v to_o he_o as_o to_o his_o son_n 2._o it_o be_v praeceptio_fw-la haereditatis_fw-la in_o the_o oye_n aswell_o as_o in_o the_o son_n and_o therefore_o the_o rule_n in_o this_o title_n be_v not_o that_o the_o accepter_n be_v that_o person_n who_o
will_v succeed_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o disposition_n and_o so_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v immediate_a apparent_a heir_n pro_fw-la tempore_fw-la for_o so_o a_o disposition_n by_o one_o brother_n to_o another_o or_o to_o a_o brother_n son_n the_o disponer_n for_o the_o time_n have_v no_o child_n will_v not_o infer_v this_o title_n november_n 22._o 1662._o laurence_n scot_n contra_fw-la david_n beswell_n of_o auchinleck_n nephew_n to_o umwhile_o auchinleck_n december_n 22._o 1674._o heir_n of_o seatoun_n of_o blair_n contra_fw-la sir_n alexander_n seatoun_n the_o like_a though_o the_o disponer_n be_v a_o old_a man_n the_o time_n of_o the_o disposition_n and_o have_v little_a hope_n of_o issue_n december_n 17._o 1632._o lady_n spenserfield_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o kilbrachmont_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o brother_n or_o brother_n son_n be_v not_o alioqui_fw-la successurus_fw-la by_o the_o course_n of_o law_n while_o the_o brother_n child_n be_v in_o spe_fw-mi and_o therefore_o such_o be_v never_o call_v apparent_a heir_n neither_o be_v the_o presumption_n in_o they_o that_o the_o defunct_a will_v in_o prejudice_n of_o his_o creditor_n adventure_v simple_o to_o dispone_v to_o such_o while_o he_o have_v hope_n of_o issue_n but_o all_o this_o hold_v in_o oyes_o and_o it_o be_v so_o decide_v january_n 29._o 1639._o lady_n smeatoun_n contra_fw-la richardson_n of_o smeatoun_n where_o a_o infeftment_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o good_a fire_n to_o the_o oye_n reserve_v his_o son_n be_v liferent_a and_o in_o the_o like_a case_n the_o father_n who_o be_v but_o liferenter_fw-la and_o his_o oye_a foot_n by_o the_o grandfather_n disposition_n be_v find_v lucrative_a successor_n february_n 23._o 1637._o lightoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o kinaber_n but_o this_o decision_n be_v stop_v to_o be_v further_o hear_v 6._o but_o here_o occur_v the_o question_n if_o the_o disposition_n be_v anterior_a to_o the_o debt_n contract_v but_o the_o infeftment_n posterior_n to_o the_o say_a debt_n quid_fw-la juris_fw-la the_o ground_n of_o doubt_n be_v that_o though_o the_o defender_n have_v a_o prior_n disposition_n yet_o by_o the_o infeftment_n only_o he_o be_v successor_n see_v land_n pass_v not_o by_o disposition_n but_o by_o infeftment_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v clear_o successor_n post_fw-la contractum_fw-la debitum_fw-la and_o also_o ex_fw-la causa_fw-la lucrativa_fw-la 2._o if_o this_o be_v not_o the_o meaning_n the_o intent_n of_o the_o law_n will_v be_v frustrate_a for_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o make_v disposition_n and_o to_o keep_v they_o up_o and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o contract_v debt_n when_o the_o creditor_n can_v not_o know_v the_o debitor_n condition_n and_o so_o contract_v bonafide_fw-la this_o case_n be_v not_o decide_v but_o the_o like_a case_n be_v former_o decide_v negatiuè_n that_o the_o infeftment_n though_o posterior_n to_o the_o debt_n do_v not_o infer_v this_o title_n be_v upon_o a_o disposition_n anterior_a to_o the_o debt_n february_n 23._o 1637._o lightoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o kinaber_n the_o like_a be_v find_v where_o there_o be_v a_o obligement_n in_o a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n to_o dispone_v land_n prior_n to_o the_o debt_n contract_v albeit_o both_o the_o disposition_n and_o infeftment_n be_v posterior_n to_o the_o debt_n and_o do_v not_o bear_v express_o in_o implement_n of_o the_o contract_n which_o be_v presume_v see_v no_o other_o cause_o be_v show_v july_n 27._o 1678._o thomas_n ferguson_n contra_fw-la lindsay_n of_o wauchope_n for_o answer_v to_o the_o contrary_a reason_n the_o first_o be_v upon_o misapplication_n of_o the_o word_n post_fw-la contractum_fw-la debitum_fw-la which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v refer_v to_o successor_n thus_o successor_n post_fw-la contractum_fw-la debitum_fw-la ex_fw-la causa_fw-la lucrativa_fw-la but_o successor_n ex_fw-la titulo_fw-la lucrativo_fw-la qui_fw-la titulus_fw-la est_fw-la post_fw-la contractum_fw-la debitum_fw-la so_o that_o if_o the_o lucrative_a title_n be_v not_o after_o the_o debt_n this_o title_n take_v no_o place_n as_o to_o the_o other_o reason_n the_o same_o inconveniency_n will_v be_v of_o disposition_n to_o stranger_n which_o be_v keep_v up_o creditor_n may_v contract_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la and_o yet_o inhibition_n before_o infeftment_n will_v not_o be_v effectual_a unless_o it_o precede_v the_o infeftment_n and_o the_o disposition_n which_o will_v also_o be_v effectual_a against_o the_o apparent_a heir_n but_o if_o there_o be_v fraud_n in_o keep_v up_o such_o disposition_n which_o will_v be_v easy_o presume_v in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o apparent_a heir_n than_o a_o stranger_n it_o will_v be_v sufficient_a upon_o the_o common_a reason_n of_o fraud_n to_o reduce_v the_o infeftment_n though_o the_o general_a passive_a title_n be_v not_o infer_v the_o like_a be_v find_v where_o there_o be_v a_o obligement_n in_o a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n to_o dispone_v land_n prior_n to_o the_o debt_n contract_v albeit_o both_o the_o disposition_n and_o infeftment_n be_v posterior_n to_o the_o debt_n and_o do_v not_o bear_v express_o in_o implement_n of_o the_o contract_n which_o be_v presume_v see_v no_o other_o cause_o be_v show_v july_n 23._o 1678._o thomas_n ferguson_n contra_fw-la lindsay_n of_o wauchope_n and_o lucrative_a successor_n be_v not_o find_v infer_v by_o the_o infeftment_n of_o a_o father_n to_o his_o apparent_a heir_n after_o the_o debt_n contract_v see_v there_o be_v a_o anterior_a obligement_n in_o the_o apparent_a heir_n contract_n of_o marriage_n to_o grant_v the_o infeftment_n and_o inhibition_n thereupon_o nicol._n de_fw-fr haereditariis_fw-la actionibus_fw-la march_n 31._o 1626._o ker_n contra_fw-la sterling_n 7._o this_o title_n can_v take_v no_o place_n first_o where_o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o right_n be_v grant_v be_v not_o alioqui_fw-la successurus_fw-la in_o that_o same_o right_n because_o it_o can_v be_v praeceptio_fw-la haereditatis_fw-la where_o there_o can_v be_v no_o haereditas_fw-la and_o so_o a_o disposition_n to_o a_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n of_o land_n not_o provide_v to_o that_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n can_v infer_v this_o title_n though_o it_o may_v be_v reducible_a as_o without_o a_o cause_n onerous_a neither_o will_v a_o disposition_n of_o tailzy_v land_n to_o a_o heir_n of_o line_n infer_v this_o title_n for_o in_o that_o case_n it_o can_v be_v praeceptio_fw-la haereditatis_fw-la albeit_o the_o disposition_n will_v be_v reducible_a as_o without_o a_o cause_n onerous_a but_o there_o be_v more_o reason_n that_o right_n acquire_v original_o by_o predecessor_n in_o name_n of_o their_o apparent_a heir_n can_v infer_v this_o title_n because_o the_o predecessor_n himself_o never_o be_v foot_n in_o that_o right_n the_o apparent_a heir_n can_v not_o be_v his_o heir_n therein_o neither_o can_v such_o right_n be_v reducible_a by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1621._o because_o the_o fall_n thereof_o will_v not_o make_v the_o fee_fw-mi return_n to_o thepredecessor_n who_o never_o have_v it_o but_o the_o same_o can_v only_o be_v reach_v by_o a_o declarator_n that_o it_o be_v acquire_v by_o that_o predecessor_n mean_n after_o the_o debt_n contract_v and_o therefore_o aught_o to_o be_v affectable_a as_o if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o debtor_n or_o his_o heir_n which_o have_v frequent_o be_v find_v relevant_a title_n xxx_o executorie_a where_o of_o testament_n codicill_n legacy_n relict_n part_n bairn_n part_n dead_a be_v part_n confirmation_n and_o office_n of_o executorie_a 1._o the_o roman_n carfeulnesse_n to_o preserve_v the_o freedom_n of_o test_v 2._o the_o ancient_a form_n of_o test_v among_o the_o roman_n 3._o the_o modern_a form_n of_o roman_a solemn_a testament_n 4._o their_o nuncupative_a testament_n 5._o their_o military_a testament_n 6._o requisit_n for_o roman_a testament_n 7._o how_o far_o son_n in_o familia_fw-la can_v test._n 8._o person_n who_o can_v not_o test._n 9_o person_n who_o can_v not_o be_v institute_n or_o substitute_n 10._o restriction_n of_o the_o freedom_n of_o test_v in_o favour_n of_o child_n 11._o the_o legittimes_o ofchildren_n 12._o the_o falcidian_a portion_n 13._o the_o difference_n of_o the_o legittime_n and_o falcidian_n 14._o the_o trebellianica_n 15._o fidiecomissa_fw-la 16._o codicill_n 17._o institution_n of_o heir_n 18._o substitution_n 19_o substitution_n vulgar_a and_o pupillar_n 20._o legacy_n 21._o legacy_n be_v void_a if_o the_o legatar_n die_v before_o the_o testator_n or_o if_o the_o testament_n be_v void_a unless_o there_o be_v therein_o a_o codicillar_n clause_n 22._o the_o kind_n and_o effect_n of_o conditional_a legacy_n or_o fideicommissa_fw-la 23._o special_a legacy_n 24._o condition_n adject_v to_o legacy_n in_o fideicommissa_fw-la 25._o the_o inventary_a 26._o collation_n 27._o jus_fw-la accrescendi_fw-la 28._o the_o power_n of_o test_v with_o we_o may_v be_v restrict_v by_o contract_n or_o portion_n 29._o it_o be_v restrict_v to_o movable_n and_o extend_v to_o no_o heritable_a right_n 30._o wherein_o the_o office_n of_o executor_n consist_v 31._o the_o near_a agnat_n be_v successor_n in_o movable_n to_o the_o
tinto_n where_o the_o reason_n be_v render_v because_o before_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1617._o defunct_n may_v exhaust_v all_o their_o dead_n part_n by_o legacy_n and_o that_o act_n be_v not_o to_o better_a executor_n but_o to_o restrict_n they_o the_o like_a january_n 15._o 1674._o pattoun_n contra_fw-la leishman_n the_o like_a spot_n executor_n of_o moncrief_n contra_fw-la moncrief_n and_o see_v the_o say_a act_n bear_v stranger_n be_v nominat_fw-la shall_v have_v but_o a_o three_o of_o the_o dead_n part_n therefore_o the_o wife_n will_v have_v no_o more_o but_o her_o three_o or_o if_o one_o of_o the_o child_n shall_v be_v nominat_fw-la or_o the_o near_a of_o kin_n for_o none_o of_o these_o be_v stranger_n and_o so_o have_v nothing_o for_o their_o administration_n but_o their_o expense_n november_n 28._o 1676._o john_n ker_n contra_fw-la jean_n ker._n but_o concern_v executor_n dative_a this_o statute_n give_v they_o no_o share_n of_o dead_n part_n 54._o the_o order_n of_o confirmation_n be_v that_o the_o commissary_n have_v emit_v edict_n affix_v on_o the_o church-door_n where_o the_o defunct_a die_v call_v all_o person_n have_v interest_n to_o confirm_v then_o according_a as_o party_n compear_v and_o compete_fw-it they_o prefer_v the_o great_a interest_n first_o the_o executor_n nominat_fw-la than_o the_o near_a of_o kin._n three_o the_o relict_n legatar_n and_o creditor_n and_o all_o fail_v the_o procurator_n fiscal_v or_o such_o who_o be_v surrogate_v by_o he_o who_o enjoy_v the_o whole_a dead_n part_n till_o their_o right_n be_v reduce_v on_o a_o better_a title_n but_o since_o not_o only_o the_o wife_n and_o bairn_n who_o may_v call_v all_o executor_n to_o account_n for_o their_o part_n but_o also_o the_o near_a of_o kin_n have_v be_v admit_v to_o call_v the_o ordinary_a executor_n dative_a to_o a_o account_n without_o reduction_n but_o before_o the_o say_a statute_n all_o executor_n have_v the_o whole_a profit_n of_o dead_n part_n as_o the_o narrative_a of_o it_o bear_v and_o yet_o of_o old_a it_o appear_v the_o executor_n have_v little_a benefit_n if_o there_o be_v any_o debt_n heritable_a or_o movable_a for_o they_o only_o be_v liable_a for_o a_o year_n and_o thereafter_o to_o find_v caution_n to_o relieve_v the_o heretor_fw-la par._n 1503._o cap._n 76._o but_o these_o executor_n dative_a have_v not_o a_o three_o of_o dead_n part_n for_o their_o administration_n though_o they_o be_v stranger_n for_o the_o statute_n give_v that_o only_a to_o executor_n nominat_fw-la be_v stranger_n but_o the_o fiscal_n by_o the_o trust_v commit_v to_o bishop_n to_o have_v a_o care_n of_o defunct_n executory_a and_o the_o quota_fw-la which_o be_v the_o twenty_o penny_n of_o free_a gear_n shall_v execute_v the_o executory_a where_o none_o be_v nominat_fw-la by_o the_o defunct_a and_o therefore_o executor_n dative_a be_v his_o assigney_n surrogate_v in_o place_n of_o the_o fiscal_n november_n 28._o 1676._o john_n ker_n contra_fw-la jean_n ker._n this_o interest_n of_o child_n as_o near_o of_o kin_n be_v never_o take_v away_o unlese_v they_o renunce_v or_o discharge_v not_o only_o the_o bairn_n part_n or_o portion_n natural_a but_o all_o that_o they_o may_v succeed_v to_o by_o their_o father_n death_n to_o come_v now_o to_o the_o office_n of_o executory_a and_o what_o power_n executor_n have_v actiuè_a and_o how_o far_o they_o be_v liable_a passive_a we_o must_v distinguish_v executor_n they_o be_v either_o nominat_fw-la or_o dative_a constitute_v by_o the_o commissary_n and_o these_o be_v prefer_v according_a to_o their_o several_a interest_n in_o the_o executory_a and_o these_o who_o be_v creditor_n of_o the_o defunct_a prefer_v hoc_fw-la nomine_fw-la be_v call_v executor_n creditor_n executor_n be_v also_o principal_a or_o ad_fw-la ommissa_fw-la &_o malè_fw-la appretiata_fw-la or_o ad_fw-la non_fw-la executa_fw-la and_o all_o these_o may_v be_v either_o sole_a executor_n or_o co-executor_n all_o executor_n be_v oblige_v to_o give_v up_o inventary_a upon_o oath_n bear_v that_o they_o have_v omit_v nothing_o know_v to_o they_o nor_o have_v misapretiat_v the_o same_o and_o must_v find_v caution_n to_o make_v the_o executory_a foorthcoming_a to_o all_o party_n have_v interest_n they_o use_v also_o to_o protest_v that_o what_o further_o come_v to_o their_o knowledge_n they_o may_v 〈◊〉_d or_o add_v to_o the_o inventary_a which_o they_o may_v still_o do_v before_o another_o do_v diligence_n to_o confirm_v a_o dative_n ad_fw-la omissa_fw-la &_o malè_fw-la appretiata_fw-la or_o before_o they_o be_v pursue_v for_o superintromission_a 55._o a_o executor_n nominat_fw-la in_o england_n be_v admit_v to_o pursue_v in_o scotland_n upon_o a_o confirmation_n there_o without_o inventary_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o custom_n there_o not_o to_o make_v inventary_a feb._n 16._o 1627._o lawson_n contra_fw-la bartholemew_n kello_n but_o in_o that_o case_n a_o executor_n dative_a confirm_v in_o scotland_n have_v find_v caution_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o executor_n nominat_fw-la and_o confirm_v in_o england_n spot_n executor_n inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la a_o executor_n be_v decern_v though_o not_o confirm_v may_v pursue_v not_o only_o the_o defunct_n wife_n and_o bairn_n to_o give_v up_o inventary_a but_o also_o stranger_n novemb_n 11._o 1609._o heriot_n contra_fw-la heriot_n but_o till_o he_o be_v confirm_v or_o have_v licence_n he_o can_v pursue_v for_o payment_n decemb._n 12._o 1622._o cathcart_n contra_fw-la cuninghame_n 56._o executor_n intend_v to_o confirm_v use_v to_o get_v a_o licence_n to_o pursue_v which_o ordinary_o bear_v excludendo_fw-la sententiam_fw-la which_o be_v sustain_v though_o general_a to_o pursue_v for_o all_o the_o defunct_n debt_n name_v none_o hope_v executor_n farquhar_n contra_fw-la law_n but_o the_o obtainer_n must_v be_v first_o decern_v executor_n for_o till_o a_o edict_n be_v serve_v and_o a_o executor_n confirm_v there_o can_v be_v no_o title_n give_v to_o pursue_v yet_o before_o confirmation_n the_o licence_n may_v be_v grant_v if_o the_o decreet_a be_v extract_v on_o such_o licence_n before_o confirmation_n the_o decreet_a be_v null_a hope_v executor_n john_n aitkin_n contra_fw-la richardson_n nicol._n de_fw-fr acquirenda_fw-la &_o amittenda_fw-la hereditate_fw-la janet_n tweedie_n contra_fw-la magdalen_n lawson_n licence_n use_v not_o to_o be_v grant_v after_o the_o principal_a confirmation_n and_o therefore_o be_v not_o sustain_v as_o a_o title_n december_n 14._o 1621._o haliday_n contra_fw-la yet_o it_o be_v sustain_v for_o pursue_v a_o debt_n particular_o express_v therein_o be_v dubii_fw-la juris_fw-la january_n 21._o 1624._o carnousie_n contra_fw-la the_o like_o where_o the_o licence_n be_v grant_v to_o a_o creditor_n surrogate_v as_o executor_n creditor_n ad_fw-la omissa_fw-la june_n 30._o 1665._o stevenson_n contra_fw-la crawford_n feb._n 21._o 1668._o scot_n of_o clerkingtoun_n contra_fw-la lady_n clerkingtoun_n executor_n confirm_v have_v right_o to_o call_v for_o and_o uplift_v all_o the_o defunct_n movable_n confirm_v the_o executor_n of_o a_o donatar_n ofa_fw-mi liferent_a escheat_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_o to_o the_o bygones_n of_o that_o liferent_a before_o the_o donatar_n death_n and_o his_o heir_n to_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o liferent_a after_o the_o donatar_n death_n albeit_o there_o be_v no_o declarator_n in_o his_o life_n january_n 28._o 1671._o keiry_n contra_fw-la nicolson_n but_o sum_v secure_v by_o a_o condition_n in_o a_o reversion_n that_o no_o redemption_n shall_v be_v till_o these_o sum_n be_v pay_v where_o the_o disposition_n be_v not_o grant_v for_o these_o sum_n as_o the_o cause_n thereof_o though_o they_o affect_v the_o ground_n dispone_v yet_o remain_v a_o movable_a right_n befalling_a to_o executor_n feb._n 18._o 1676._o thomas_n wauch_n contra_fw-la doctor_n jameson_n 57_o it_o use_v to_o be_v controvert_v betwixt_o the_o heir_n and_o executor_n about_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n and_o other_o which_o run_v according_a to_o the_o legal_a term_n so_o if_o the_o heretor_fw-la or_o liferenter_fw-la survive_v whitsunday_n and_o martinmasse_n their_o executor_n have_v that_o whole_a year_n albeit_o it_o be_v victual_v payable_a at_o candlemas_n because_o the_o last_o legal_a term_n be_v martinmasse_n and_o it_o be_v so_o decide_v even_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o miln_n feb._n 21._o 1635._o laird_n of_o westnisbet_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o swintoun_n the_o like_a be_v find_v albeit_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o tenent_n be_v at_o whitsunday_n and_o the_o conventional_a term_n of_o payment_n of_o the_o miln_n rent_n be_v the_o first_o half_n at_o candlemas_n and_o the_o second_o at_o whitsunday_n that_o liferenter_fw-la survive_v martinmasse_n be_v the_o last_o legal_a term_n have_v the_o rent_n of_o the_o miln_n both_o payable_a at_o candlemas_n and_o whitsunday_n after_o that_o martinmasse_n july_n 20._o 1671._o guthry_n contra_fw-la mackerstoun_n but_o if_o they_o live_v only_o till_o whitsunday_n than_o their_o executor_n have_v the_o half_n of_o the_o rent_n victual_n or_o money_n if_o they_o live_v till_o the_o term-day_n though_o
redeemable_a to_o that_o party_n during_o his_o life_n as_o it_o be_v ordinary_o adject_v when_o that_o be_v mean_v january_n 9_o 1662._o earl_n of_o murray_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o grant_n the_o like_a of_o a_o annualrent_a though_o it_o bear_v only_o to_o be_v pay_v yearly_o and_o not_o perpetual_o or_o heritable_o or_o to_o heir_n feb._n 2._o 1667._o pourie_n contra_fw-la dykes_n and_o a_o substitution_n mention_v only_o a_o person_n substitute_n without_o mention_n of_o heir_n be_v find_v competent_a to_o that_o person_n heir_n january_n 7._o 1670._o innis_n contra_fw-la innis_n 6._o heir_n have_v the_o benefit_n of_o heritable_a right_n not_o only_o whereupon_o infeftment_n have_v follow_v or_o which_o by_o destination_n be_v heritable_a or_o require_v infeftment_n to_o their_o accomplishment_n as_o heritable_a band_n bear_v clause_n of_o infeftment_n for_o these_o bear_v only_a clause_n of_o annualrent_n be_v declare_v movable_a by_o and_o since_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1641._o cap._n 57_o revive_v par._n 1661._o cap._n 32._o of_o which_o in_o the_o last_o title_n so_o also_o be_v reversion_n pension_n tack_n without_o necessity_n of_o be_v enter_v heir_n june_n 17._o 1671._o john_n boyd_n contra_fw-la hugh_n sinclair_n july_n 9_o 1675._o hoom_n contra_fw-la johnston_n of_o oldwells_n and_o all_o right_n have_v a_o tract_n or_o course_n of_o time_n after_o the_o defunct_n death_n in_o these_o case_n where_o the_o defunct_n right_o be_v temporary_a and_o run_v out_o by_o a_o certain_a course_n of_o time_n that_o time_n run_v whether_o the_o defunct_n heir_n be_v enter_v or_o do_v possess_v or_o not_o as_o tack_n pension_n or_o annuell_n prestation_n during_o so_o many_o year_n and_o therefore_o these_o require_v not_o service_n or_o solemnity_n but_o that_o person_n who_o may_v be_v serve_v may_v continue_v or_o recover_v the_o defunct_n possession_n and_o his_o possess_v make_v he_o liable_a passive_a as_o represent_v the_o defunct_a neither_o need_v there_o any_o service_n of_o child_n nominatim_fw-la substitute_n immediate_o to_o their_o parent_n but_o if_o they_o be_v substitute_n in_o the_o second_o place_n a_o service_n must_v be_v use_v to_o instruct_v that_o the_o heir_n appoint_v in_o the_o first_o place_n do_v fail_v july_n 21._o 1676._o 〈◊〉_d of_o drumelzier_n contra_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o tweddel_n what_o right_n be_v heritable_a and_o what_o movable_a vide_fw-la title_n real_a right_n 7._o heir_n have_v also_o right_o to_o movable_a heirship_n and_o to_o all_o obleigment_n though_o the_o matter_n be_v in_o movable_a right_n if_o executor_n be_v express_o seclude_v otherways_o if_o the_o matter_n be_v movable_a and_o heir_n only_o be_v express_v but_o not_o executor_n yet_o executor_n will_v not_o be_v exclude_v because_o heir_n be_v a_o general_n term_n comprehend_v exector_n hope_v ejection_n sr._n lewis_n 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la tenant_n the_o special_a interest_n of_o heir_n be_v according_a to_o their_o several_a kind_n viz._n heir_n of_o line_n and_o of_o conquest_n heir_n portioner_n heir_n male_a and_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n and_o provision_n 8._o the_o interest_n of_o heir_n of_o line_n be_v that_o they_o be_v heir_n general_o not_o only_o because_o they_o may_v be_v serve_v by_o a_o general_n service_n but_o chief_o because_o they_o must_v general_o represent_v the_o defunct_a so_o that_o what_o can_v be_v claim_v by_o a_o special_a title_n either_o as_o be_v conquest_n or_o special_o provide_v by_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o infeftment_n befall_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n and_o therefore_o in_o dubious_a case_n what_o do_v not_o appear_v to_o belong_v to_o other_o heir_n appertain_v to_o these_o in_o respect_n of_o who_o heir_n male_a and_o of_o tailzie_n and_o provision_n be_v account_v as_o stranger_n and_o may_v come_v against_o the_o defunct_n deed_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n but_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n can_v come_v against_o such_o deed_n in_o favour_n of_o other_o because_o as_o heir_n of_o line_n they_o be_v repute_v as_o one_o person_n with_o the_o defunct_a and_o so_o be_v obleige_v to_o maintain_v and_o fulfil_v his_o deed_n not_o do_v on_o deathbed_n it_o be_v so_o find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n against_o a_o heir_n of_o line_n spot_n earl_n of_o hoom_n contra_fw-la and_o as_o heir_n of_o line_n have_v general_o the_o benefit_n so_o they_o have_v more_o effectual_o the_o burden_n of_o the_o defunct_n debt_n which_o ordinary_o reach_v they_o in_o the_o first_o place_n so_o that_o ofttimes_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n have_v little_a or_o nothing_o free_a we_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o be_v special_a what_o befall_v the_o heir_n of_o line_n be_v to_o show_v particular_o what_o befall_v to_o the_o other_o heir_n for_o what_o remain_v belong_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n only_o heirships_n movable_a belong_v only_o to_o heir_n of_o line_n and_o not_o to_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n january_n 27._o 1668._o colonel_n montgomrie_n contra_fw-la stewart_n 9_o heirship_n movable_a be_v the_o best_a of_o every_o kind_n of_o moveable_n belong_v to_o the_o defunct_a which_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n may_v draw_v from_o the_o executor_n whereof_o there_o be_v a_o ordinary_a list_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o heirship_n movable_a be_v because_o by_o our_o law_n by_o primo_fw-la geniture_n exclude_v the_o defnnct_n other_o near_a of_o kin_n in_o heritage_n wherethe_v near_a of_o kin_n succeed_v alone_o in_o moveable_n and_o as_o they_o have_v no_o share_n with_o the_o heir_n in_o heritable_a right_n so_o most_o sit_o the_o heir_n have_v no_o share_n with_o they_o in_o moveable_n but_o have_v only_o the_o best_a of_o every_o kind_n which_o therefore_o be_v call_v heirship_n movable_a in_o which_o the_o defunct_a can_v in_o his_o testament_n or_o any_o other_o deed_n do_v on_o deathbed_n prejudge_v his_o heir_n as_o be_v show_v last_o title_n but_o if_o the_o near_a of_o kin_n be_v all_o female_n they_o be_v both_o heir_n 〈◊〉_d executor_n or_o if_o but_o one_o male_a he_o be_v both_o heir_n and_o executor_n in_o which_o case_n there_o be_v no_o heirship_n movable_a draw_v heirship_n movable_a be_v establish_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1474._o cap._n 53._o ordain_v the_o heir_n of_o prelate_n baron_n and_o burgess_n to_o have_v the_o best_a of_o every_o kind_n according_a to_o the_o burrow_n land_n and_o so_o be_v find_v not_o to_o belong_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o a_o defunct_a who_o have_v only_o heritable_a band_n be_v neither_o prelate_n baron_n nor_o burgess_n hope_v the_o haer_v todorig_n contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d but_o the_o heir_n of_o prelate_n be_v extend_v to_o other_o benefice_a person_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o of_o person_n of_o dingwal_n novem._n 28._o 1623._o william_n rig_n contra_fw-la mckenzie_n and_o likewise_o the_o heir_n of_o baron_n be_v extend_v to_o any_o person_n heir_n die_v in_o fee_n of_o land_n though_o not_o erect_v in_o a_o barony_n hope_v the_o haer_v keith_n contra_fw-la mckenzie_n todoirg_n contra_fw-la purdie_n heirship_n movable_a be_v find_v competent_a to_o the_o heir_n of_o a_o person_n who_o die_v only_o infeft_v in_o a_o annualrent_n july_n 19_o 1664._o elizabeth_n scrimzeor_fw-la contra_fw-la executor_n of_o mr._n john_n murray_n but_o heir_n of_o a_o burgess_n be_v find_v not_o to_o extend_v to_o a_o honorarie_a burgess_n who_o die_v not_o trading_n or_o work_v in_o the_o burgh_n spot_n heir_n james_n leslie_n contra_fw-la hugh_n dumbar_n heirship_n movable_a be_v not_o always_o a_o single_a thing_n but_o go_v sometime_o by_o pair_n and_o sometime_o by_o dozen_o as_o in_o spoon_n so_o the_o heirship_n of_o ox_n be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o yoke_n and_o not_o a_o single_a ox_n nicol._n de_fw-fr haereditatis_fw-la petitione_n july_n 20._o 1610._o black_a contra_fw-la kincaid_n and_o heirship_n take_v place_n only_o in_o corporibus_fw-la but_o not_o in_o quantitatibus_fw-la as_o in_o money_n cloth_n metal_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o the_o shell_n of_o a_o salt-pan_n which_o be_v out_o of_o use_n be_v account_v but_o iron_n and_o not_o to_o fall_v under_o heirship_n movable_a had._n january_n 19_o 1611._o reid_n contra_fw-la thomson_n 10._o heir_n of_o conquest_n though_o they_o be_v also_o heir_n of_o line_n as_o befalling_a by_o the_o course_n of_o law_n and_o not_o by_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o infeftment_n and_o therefore_o be_v set_v down_o as_o lineal_a successor_n in_o the_o precede_a title_n yet_o because_o heir_n of_o conquest_n have_v only_a place_n where_o there_o be_v a_o elder_a and_o young_a brother_n or_o a_o elder_a and_o young_a father_n brother_n etc._n etc._n and_o their_o issue_n to_o succeed_v in_o which_o case_n the_o law_n allow_v two_o heir_n the_o immediate_a elder_n succee_v in_o conquest_n and_o the_o immediate_a younger_n in_o the_o heritage_n therefore_o the_o one_o be_v special_o call_v the_o
infeftment_n or_o by_o a_o tack_v to_o the_o apparent_a heir_n husband_n though_o expire_v before_o the_o defunct_n death_n as_o be_v continue_v per_fw-la tacitam_fw-la 〈◊〉_d january_n 16._o 1667._o reid_n contra_fw-la salmond_n behave_v as_o heir_n be_v infer_v by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n enter_v in_o possession_n of_o a_o coal-heugh_a whereof_o the_o defunct_a have_v tack_n for_o term_n to_o run_v albeit_o the_o apparent_a heir_n take_v a_o new_a tack_v june_n 26._o 1610._o atchison_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o cockpen_n the_o like_a though_o the_o apparent_a heir_n take_v a_o gist_n of_o the_o defunct_n escheat_n who_o have_v a_o unexpired_a tack_v of_o the_o land_n and_o pretend_v to_o possess_v as_o donatar_n to_o the_o single_a escheat_n june_n 28._o 1610._o crawford_n contra_fw-la cockpen_n 15._o behave_v as_o heir_n be_v also_o infer_v by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n give_v a_o receipt_n of_o the_o defunct_n charter_n chest_n and_o keep_v it_o two_o year_n without_o protestation_n or_o inventary_a june_n 28._o 1670._o ellis_n of_o southside_n contra_fw-la carse_n 16._o behave_v as_o heir_n will_v also_o be_v infer_v by_o uplift_v or_o discharge_v sum_n principal_a or_o annual_a which_o will_v befall_v to_o the_o party_n heir_n or_o by_o do_v any_o deed_n that_o may_v transmit_v the_o defunct_n right_a but_o it_o be_v not_o find_v infer_v by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n renounce_v to_o be_v heir_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o heir_n male_a to_o who_o their_o father_n have_v dispone_v see_v they_o give_v no_o right_a thereby_o hurtful_a to_o creditor_n though_o they_o get_v a_o sum_n for_o their_o kindness_n and_o willing_a renounciation_n july_n 5._o 1666._o laurence_n scot_n contra_fw-la heir_n of_o auchinleck_n neither_o by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n get_v benefit_n by_o a_o transaction_n with_o a_o party_n have_v right_o from_o the_o defunct_a grant_v on_o deathbed_n and_o be_v oblige_v to_o acquire_v the_o defunct_n debt_n and_o apprise_n thereon_o and_o to_o communicate_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o apprise_n unless_o a_o deed_n have_v be_v do_v communicate_v any_o right_n of_o the_o defunct_a july_n 19_o 1666._o margaret_n nevoy_n contra_fw-la lord_n balmerino_n but_o behaviour_n be_v not_o infer_v by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n take_v out_o of_o brieve_n see_v the_o same_o be_v not_o serve_v june_n 28._o 1670._o ellis_n of_o southside_n contra_fw-la carse_n neither_o be_v it_o infer_v by_o propon_a payment_n of_o the_o defunct_n debt_n and_o succumb_a which_o be_v only_o effectual_a as_o to_o that_o process_n july_n 16._o 1629._o murray_n contra_fw-la ross._n january_n 21._o 1675._o james_n tailzifer_fw-la contra_fw-la john_n corsan_fw-la neither_o be_v it_o infer_v by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n voluntary_a payment_n of_o their_o predecessor_n debt_n january_n 26._o 1628._o commissar_n of_o dunkel_n contra_fw-la abercromby_n 17._o there_o be_v the_o same_o ground_n for_o exclude_v this_o passive_a title_n unless_o it_o be_v establish_v against_o the_o apparent_a heir_n in_o his_o own_o life_n as_o to_o exclude_v vicious_a intromission_n which_o have_v frequent_o be_v repel_v when_o not_o establish_v in_o the_o intrometter_n life_n 18._o it_o remain_v now_o to_o consider_v whether_o behave_v as_o heir_n be_v a_o vicious_a passive_a title_n will_v import_v more_o than_o if_o the_o apparent_a heir_n have_v be_v actual_o enter_v which_o may_v occur_v in_o two_o case_n first_o where_o heirs-portioners_a behave_v themselves_o as_o heir_n whether_o they_o will_v be_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la or_o only_o pro_fw-la rata_fw-la 2._o whether_o those_o who_o behave_v themselves_o as_o heir_n will_v have_v the_o same_o benefit_n of_o the_o order_n of_o discuss_v and_o relief_n as_o if_o they_o be_v actual_o enter_v as_o to_o the_o first_o case_n the_o behaviour_n of_o heirs-portioners_a can_v oblige_v they_o in_o solidum_fw-la but_o in_o so_o far_o only_o as_o if_o they_o be_v actual_o enter_v heir_n which_o be_v always_o pro_fw-la rata_fw-la parte_fw-la according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o heirs-portioners_a non_fw-la per_fw-la capita_fw-la sed_fw-la per_fw-la stirpes_fw-la but_o as_o it_o have_v be_v yet_o undetermined_a whether_o heirs-portioners_a may_v be_v liable_a for_o more_o than_o their_o share_n of_o the_o debt_n not_o exceed_v their_o share_n of_o the_o benefit_n to_o which_o they_o have_v succeed_v there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o if_o heirs-portioners_a behave_v as_o heir_n they_o will_v be_v make_v liable_a quoad_fw-la valorem_fw-la of_o their_o intromission_n if_o it_o do_v exceed_v their_o share_n as_o to_o the_o other_o case_n behave_v as_o heir_n be_v a_o vicious_a passive_a title_n they_o will_v not_o have_v the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o discuss_v which_o be_v only_o competent_a to_o heir_n lawful_o enter_v yea_o they_o will_v not_o have_v relief_n from_o the_o heir_n who_o be_v liable_a before_o they_o because_o they_o have_v in_o their_o person_n no_o active_a title_n yet_o it_o be_v in_o arbitrio_fw-la judicis_fw-la to_o ordain_v the_o creditor_n on_o satisfaction_n to_o assign_v his_o right_n by_o which_o the_o heir_n behave_v may_v indirect_o attain_v relief_n as_o assigny_n by_o the_o creditor_n this_o favour_n will_v not_o be_v refuse_v unless_o the_o manner_n of_o behaviour_n be_v very_o odious_a as_o when_o it_o be_v fraudulent_a by_o conceal_v the_o immixtion_n or_o that_o the_o creditor_n himself_o have_v a_o other_o interest_n may_v be_v prejudge_v by_o his_o assignation_n and_o therefore_o heir_n behave_v if_o distress_v for_o movable_a debt_n they_o have_v no_o direct_a recourse_n against_o executor_n and_o if_o the_o executory_a be_v mean_a so_o that_o there_o be_v small_a provision_n for_o the_o wife_n and_o child_n the_o creditor_n will_v not_o be_v ordain_v to_o assign_v and_o it_o may_v so_o fall_v out_o in_o other_o case_n the_o same_o reason_n may_v occur_v where_o heir_n of_o conquest_n or_o heir_n male_a of_o tailzie_n or_o provision_n behave_v if_o the_o prior_n heir_n who_o be_v near_a of_o blood_n have_v little_a benefit_n and_o provision_n title_n xxix_o lucrative_a successor_n 1._o the_o rise_n of_o this_o passive_a title_n 2._o it_o takès_fw-fr place_n though_o the_o disposition_n bear_v cause_n onerous_a 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v otherwise_o instruct_v 3._o it_o be_v extend_v to_o disposition_n in_o contract_n of_o marriage_n in_o some_o case_n 4._o lucrative_a disposition_n of_o any_o part_n of_o the_o heritage_n infer_v this_o passive_a title_n 5._o this_o title_n be_v extend_v to_o disposition_n make_v to_o oyes_o though_o then_o not_o immediate_a apparent_a heir_n but_o not_o to_o brother_n though_o none_o then_o near_a 6._o whether_o it_o suffice_v to_o infer_v this_o title_n that_o the_o infeftment_n be_v after_o the_o debt_n or_o if_o the_o disposition_n whereon_o the_o infeftment_n proceed_v must_v also_o be_v after_o 7._o case_n in_o which_o this_o title_n take_v no_o place_n there_o be_v no_o nation_n have_v be_v more_o favourable_a to_o creditor_n or_o more_o studious_a of_o their_o satisfaction_n than_o this_o which_o have_v anticipate_v all_o conveyance_n device_n and_o fraud_n prejudicial_a to_o creditor_n either_o in_o favour_n of_o singular_a successor_n by_o simulate_v assignation_n or_o disposition_n without_o equivalent_a onerous_a cause_n or_o in_o favour_n of_o apparent_a heir_n that_o they_o may_v in_o no_o way_n enjoy_v their_o predecessor_n 〈◊〉_d without_o satisfy_v their_o debt_n which_o have_v give_v the_o rise_n to_o this_o passive_a title_n whereby_o apparent_a heir_n accept_v disposition_n from_o their_o predecessor_n of_o their_o heretage_n wherein_o they_o will_v have_v succeed_v or_o any_o part_n thereof_o be_v make_v liable_a to_o all_o their_o predecessor_n debt_n contract_v before_o such_o disposition_n or_o right_n and_o the_o acceptance_n thereof_o be_v account_v praeceptio_fw-la haereditatis_fw-la and_o as_o a_o immixtion_n with_o the_o inheritance_n make_v the_o apparent_a heir_n to_o represent_v the_o defunct_a passiuè_fw-fr yet_o with_o this_o temperament_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v liable_a only_o to_o the_o debt_n contract_v before_o the_o disposition_n or_o right_o make_v to_o he_o by_o the_o defunct_a in_o which_o right_o he_o may_v have_v succeed_v wherein_o apparent_a heir_n be_v most_o expedient_o difference_v from_o the_o other_o singular_a successor_n without_o onerous_a cause_n that_o these_o be_v not_o ordinary_o personal_o liable_a except_o in_o so_o far_o as_o they_o have_v dispose_v of_o such_o right_n as_o be_v fraudulent_o dispone_v to_o they_o in_o trust_n and_o in_o which_o they_o be_v interpose_v person_n to_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o disponer_n or_o his_o child_n but_o these_o right_n be_v always_o reduceable_a at_o the_o instance_n of_o anterior_a creditor_n but_o because_o such_o fraud_n be_v more_o incident_a to_o apparent_a heir_n therefore_o these_o be_v personal_o liable_a for_o the_o whole_a anterior_a debt_n and_o the_o right_o grant_v by_o they_o may_v also_o be_v reduce_v upon_o the_o statute_n 1621._o yet_o the_o personal_a obligement_n