the_o whole_a grant_n both_o for_o the_o land_n and_o tenure_n be_v the_o point_n wherein_o they_o do_v differ_v 4._o and_o for_o the_o clear_n of_o that_o they_o do_v inquire_v what_o the_o reservation_n of_o a_o tenure_n be_v to_o the_o grant_n whither_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o grant_n and_o modus_fw-la concessionis_fw-la or_o whither_o it_o be_v a_o distinct_a thing_n and_o aliud_fw-la from_o the_o grant_n as_o this_o case_n be_v for_o if_o as_o they_o that_o argue_v for_o the_o letter_n patent_n hold_v the_o reservation_n of_o the_o tenure_n and_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o land_n be_v aliud_fw-la &_o aliud_fw-la two_o distinct_a thing_n in_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o whole_a grant_n make_v and_o the_o authority_n give_v by_o the_o say_a commission_n for_o the_o make_v thereof_o then_o peradventure_o the_o patent_n may_v be_v void_a as_o to_o the_o tenure_n and_o yet_o good_a for_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o land_n but_o if_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o tenure_n be_v incident_a unto_o the_o authority_n and_o include_v within_o it_o and_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o tenure_n and_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o land_n make_v up_o but_o one_o entire_a grant_n so_o that_o the_o one_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o other_o and_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o tenure_n be_v modus_fw-la concessionis_fw-la then_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o land_n reserve_v a_o diverse_a or_o contrary_a tenure_n to_o that_o which_o their_o authority_n do_v warrant_v they_o to_o reserve_v be_v a_o do_v of_o idem_fw-la alio_fw-la modo_fw-la and_o so_o the_o whole_a act_n be_v void_a they_o hold_v that_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o tenure_n be_v modus_fw-la concessionis_fw-la and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o aliud_fw-la s._n a_o thing_n distinct_a and_o separate_a from_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o land_n but_o implyed_o include_v within_o it_o and_o incident_a to_o it_o although_o a_o grant_n may_v be_v without_o habendum_fw-la express_v tenendum_fw-la reddendum_fw-la or_o condition_n yet_o when_o they_o or_o any_o of_o they_o be_v add_v they_o be_v de_fw-fr modo_fw-la concessionis_fw-la and_o do_v direct_a and_o rule_v the_o grant_n 1._o for_o the_o habendum_fw-la the_o proper_a office_n of_o the_o habendum_fw-la be_v to_o limit_v the_o estate_n yet_o sometime_o it_o may_v 1._o alter_v the_o estate_n in_o the_o premise_n 2._o diminish_v or_o enlarge_v 3._o give_v to_o a_o stranger_n 4._o make_v the_o grant_v void_a 1._o it_o may_v alter_v the_o estate_n in_o the_o premise_n as_o where_o land_n be_v give_v to_o two_o in_o the_o premise_n habendum_fw-la the_o one_o moiety_n to_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o moiety_n to_o the_o other_o by_o the_o premise_n they_o have_v a_o joint_a estate_n the_o habendum_fw-la make_v they_o tenant_n in_o common_a litt._n 66._o so_o where_o land_n be_v give_v to_o two_o habendum_fw-la to_o the_o one_o for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o other_o by_o the_o premise_n they_o shall_v have_v a_o joint_a estate_n in_o possession_n but_o the_o habendum_fw-la do_v alter_v that_o and_o make_v the_o one_o sole_a tenant_n of_o the_o freehold_n for_o life_n and_o the_o other_o sole_a tenant_n of_o the_o remainder_n 8._o e._n 3._o 320._o feoffment_n &_o faits_fw-fr 73._o 2._o it_o enlarge_n or_o diminish_v the_o estate_n that_o will_v pass_v by_o implication_n in_o the_o premise_n and_o so_o destroy_v the_o implication_n this_o be_v common_a in_o every_o grant_n 3._o it_o give_v to_o a_o stranger_n not_o name_v in_o the_o premise_n of_o the_o grant_n as_o if_o a_o man_n give_v land_n to_o i.s._n habendum_fw-la with_o a._n his_o daughter_n in_o frankmarriage_n there_o the_o wife_n not_o name_v in_o the_o premise_n by_o the_o habendum_fw-la take_v a_o joint_a estate_n with_o her_o husband_n this_o case_n be_v vouch_v in_o pl._n com._n 158._o to_o be_v in_o 4._o e._n 3._o which_o be_v not_o find_v in_o that_o year_n it_o be_v there_o so_o leave_v without_o any_o further_a reference_n but_o you_o shall_v find_v it_o in_o 5._o e._n 17._o so_o coke_n instit_fw-la sect_n 17._o yet_o vid._n 4._o e._n 3._o 4._o so_o likewise_o where_o a_o lease_n be_v make_v to_o a._n habendum_fw-la for_o twenty_o year_n the_o remainder_n to_o b._n and_o his_o heir_n here_o b._n gain_v a_o immediate_a freehold_n by_o the_o habendum_fw-la and_o yet_o he_o be_v not_o name_v in_o the_o premise_n of_o the_o deed_n plough_v com._n 158._o 4._o it_o will_v make_v the_o grant_v void_a as_o if_o i_o have_v a_o rent_n in_o fee_n and_o i_o grant_v it_o to_o another_o if_o i_o stay_v there_o the_o grant_n shall_v be_v for_o life_n but_o if_o i_o say_v further_o habendum_fw-la after_o the_o death_n of_o i.s._n there_o all_o shall_v be_v void_a plough_v com._n 152._o 156._o so_o if_o the_o king_n grant_v land_n by_o letter_n patent_n habendum_fw-la from_o a_o day_n to_o come_v there_o the_o whole_a grant_n be_v make_v void_a by_o the_o habendum_fw-la 5._o coke_n 93._o barwicks_n case_n he_o in_o the_o reversion_n for_o life_n grant_v his_o estate_n habendum_fw-la after_o michaelmas_n and_o after_o michaelmas_n the_o tenant_n atturne_v yet_o resolve_v that_o the_o grant_n be_v void_a though_o if_o there_o have_v be_v no_o habendum_fw-la it_o have_v be_v good_a by_o the_o premise_n of_o the_o deed_n buckler_n case_n 2._o coke_n 55._o in_o all_o these_o case_n the_o habendum_fw-la be_v void_a make_v void_a the_o grant_n which_o will_v have_v be_v good_a without_o it_o as_o the_o habendum_fw-la have_v these_o several_a operation_n in_o the_o grant_n so_o have_v 2._o the_o reddendum_fw-la as_o a_o estate_n by_o implication_n shall_v be_v control_v by_o a_o express_a limitation_n so_o a_o employ_v reservation_n shall_v be_v control_v by_o a_o express_a reservation_n a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n render_v rend_v and_o do_v not_o say_v to_o who_o the_o rent_n shall_v be_v pay_v this_o by_o implication_n shall_v be_v to_o the_o lessor_n and_o his_o heir_n but_o if_o the_o word_n be_v to_o the_o lessor_n the_o heir_n shall_v not_o have_v it_o 31._o h._n 8._o dyer_n 45._o 12._o e._n 3._o ass_n 86._o plough_v com._n 171._o in_o hill_n and_o grange_n case_n 10._o e._n 4._o 18._o &_o 21._o h._n 7._o 25._o the_o reservation_n of_o a_o rent_n in_o some_o case_n shall_v make_v severance_n of_o the_o grant_n and_o make_v several_a grant_n and_o several_a reversion_n as_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n of_o three_o manor_n reserve_v twenty_o shilling_n for_o one_o five_o pound_n for_o another_o and_o twenty_o pound_n for_o the_o three_o there_o be_v several_a reversion_n and_o there_o shall_v be_v several_a avowry_n 14._o eliz._n dyer_n 308._o winter_n case_n 9_o e._n 3._o 12._o 5._o coke_n 55._o knight_n case_n 3._o for_o the_o tenendum_fw-la the_o proper_a office_n of_o the_o tenendum_fw-la be_v to_o reserve_v the_o tenure_n and_o to_o toll_v the_o tenure_n by_o implication_n before_o the_o statute_n of_o quia_fw-la emptores_fw-la terrarum_fw-la if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o feoffment_n the_o feoffee_n hold_v of_o the_o feoffor_a by_o such_o service_n as_o the_o feoffor_a hold_v over_o but_o if_o other_o service_n be_v reserve_v than_o the_o feoffee_n hold_v by_o such_o service_n as_o be_v reserve_v that_o the_o donee_n in_o tail_n shall_v hold_v of_o the_o donor_n as_o the_o donor_n hold_v over_o be_v regular_o true_a if_o the_o donor_n make_v no_o special_a reservation_n for_o then_o the_o special_a reservation_n exclude_v the_o tenure_n which_o the_o law_n will_v create_v coke_n instit_fw-la sect_n 19_o vid._n 34._o h._n 8._o dyer_n 52._o 4._o for_o the_o condition_n that_o do_v likewise_o direct_a and_o rule_v the_o grant_n the_o condition_n do_v change_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o grant_n and_o make_v the_o estate_n conditional_a and_o defeasible_a which_o otherwise_o will_v be_v absolute_a and_o indefeasible_a so_o that_o all_o these_o viz._n the_o habendum_fw-la the_o reddendum_fw-la the_o tenendum_fw-la and_o the_o condition_n be_v de_fw-fr modo_fw-la concessionis_fw-la and_o do_v rule_n and_o direct_v the_o grant_n the_o first_o limit_n and_o set_v forth_o the_o quantity_n the_o other_o describe_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o estate_n and_o of_o all_o these_o the_o tenendum_fw-la be_v inseparable_o annex_v to_o the_o estate_n the_o rest_n may_v be_v determine_v and_o yet_o the_o estate_n continue_v but_o the_o tenure_n can_v be_v determine_v as_o long_o as_o the_o estate_n continue_v 1._o the_o condition_n may_v be_v release_v 2._o the_o rent_n may_v be_v release_v 3._o the_o estate_n may_v be_v enlarge_v but_o the_o tenure_n can_v be_v destroy_v it_o may_v be_v transfer_v from_o one_o to_o another_o in_o case_n of_o common_a person_n but_o a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la can_v be_v transfer_v or_o extinct_a by_o any_o release_n or_o grant_v for_o it_o be_v a_o incident_a inseparable_o annex_v to_o
the_o case_n of_o tenures_n upon_o the_o commission_n of_o defective_a title_n argue_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o ireland_n with_o their_o resolution_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o their_o resolution_n dublin_n imprint_v by_o the_o society_n of_o stationer_n printer_n to_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n 1637._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a thomas_n viscount_n wentworth_n lord_n deputy_n general_a of_o ireland_n my_o lord_n this_o work_n be_v you_o by_o more_o than_o one_o interest_n and_o therefore_o it_o return_v natural_o unto_o you_o for_o to_o lay_v aside_o my_o particular_a respect_n it_o be_v by_o your_o lordship_n favour_n that_o i_o serve_v his_o majesty_n in_o this_o place_n you_o be_v pater_fw-la patriae_fw-la and_o not_o more_o by_o your_o office_n then_o by_o your_o love_n to_o this_o nation_n and_o your_o most_o equal_a and_o indifferent_a dispensation_n of_o justice_n next_o under_o his_o majesty_n the_o father_n of_o this_o church_n and_o commonwealth_n and_o for_o who_o can_v a_o oblation_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v more_o proper_a beside_o all_o that_o be_v here_o as_o it_o be_v at_o first_o speak_v in_o a_o humble_a obedience_n to_o your_o lordship_n order_n so_o it_o be_v after_o upon_o a_o noble_a invitation_n from_o you_o digest_v into_o this_o form_n and_o it_o be_v now_o make_v public_a by_o your_o commandment_n so_o that_o in_o all_o the_o passage_n of_o it_o it_o carry_v your_o image_n your_o superscription_n and_o therefore_o by_o this_o dedication_n i_o do_v not_o so_o much_o give_v it_o as_o restore_v it_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n in_o it_o that_o be_v i_o that_o answer_v your_o expectation_n even_o in_o that_o that_o it_o answer_v your_o expectation_n i_o have_v my_o reward_n for_o all_o that_o be_v below_o your_o lordship_n i_o hope_v it_o shall_v have_v this_o use_n it_o shall_v satisfy_v they_o that_o your_o lo_o proceed_n in_o this_o business_n have_v be_v in_o all_o point_v agreeable_a both_o to_o honour_n and_o justice_n god_n lead_v your_o lordship_n by_o the_o hand_n until_o you_o have_v finish_v those_o great_a and_o heroical_a work_n so_o happy_o begin_v may_v they_o all_o prosper_v to_o the_o high_a pleasure_n of_o almighty_a god_n the_o increase_n of_o honour_n and_o revenue_n to_o his_o majesty_n of_o peace_n and_o prosperity_n to_o this_o kingdom_n and_o to_o your_o own_o immortal_a glory_n your_o lordship_n most_o humble_a servant_n james_n barry_n the_o case_n of_o tenor_n upon_o the_o commission_n of_o defective_a title_n trin._n 13._o caroli_n regis_fw-la at_o the_o late_a enquiry_n concern_v his_o majesty_n title_n to_o the_o county_n of_o mayo_n there_o be_v a_o act_n of_o state_n publish_v wherein_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o it_o be_v not_o his_o majesty_n intention_n to_o take_v from_o his_o people_n any_o thing_n that_o be_v just_o they_o and_o that_o therefore_o none_o who_o hold_v any_o land_n or_o other_o hereditament_n whatsoever_o within_o that_o county_n by_o letters-patent_n from_o the_o crown_n shall_v be_v any_o way_n prejudice_v by_o find_v his_o majesty_n title_n although_o their_o letters-patent_n be_v not_o find_v or_o well_o and_o certain_o find_v in_o the_o great_a office_n then_o intend_v to_o be_v take_v but_o that_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o same_o benefit_n of_o they_o as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v special_o find_v so_o as_o they_o do_v produce_v their_o letters-patent_n or_o the_o enrollment_n thereof_o before_o the_o lord_n deputy_n and_o council_n at_o the_o council_n board_n by_o a_o certain_a day_n limit_v in_o the_o act_n and_o that_o they_o be_v allow_v by_o that_o board_n to_o be_v good_a and_o effectual_a in_o law_n in_o pursuance_n of_o that_o act_n there_o be_v several_a letters-patent_n produce_v and_o among_o the_o rest_n the_o lord_z viscount_n dillon_n do_v show_v forth_o letters-patent_n obtain_v from_o his_o late_a majesty_n and_o pass_v upon_o the_o late_a commission_n of_o defective_a title_n upon_o perusal_n and_o consideration_n whereof_o his_o majesty_n council_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o they_o be_v void_a in_o law_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v think_v fit_a and_o so_o order_v by_o the_o lord_n deputy_n and_o council_n that_o the_o doubt_n arise_v upon_o the_o letters-patent_n shall_v be_v draw_v up_o into_o a_o case_n and_o that_o that_o case_n shall_v be_v open_o argue_v at_o the_o council_n board_n by_o council_n learn_v on_o both_o side_n the_o case_n be_v after_o draw_v up_o in_o these_o word_n king_n james_n by_o commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n date_v the_o second_o day_n of_o march_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v authorise_v certain_a commissioner_n to_o grant_v the_o manor_n of_o dale_n by_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o this_o kingdom_n to_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n and_o there_o be_v no_o direction_n give_v in_o the_o say_a commission_n touch_v the_o tenure_n to_o be_v reserve_v there_o be_v letters-patent_n by_o colour_n of_o the_o say_a commission_n pass_v unto_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n to_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n as_o of_o his_o majesty_n castle_n of_o dublin_n the_o question_n be_v whither_o the_o say_v letter_n patent_n be_v void_a in_o the_o whole_a or_o only_o as_o to_o the_o tenure_n this_o case_n be_v argue_v on_o several_a day_n first_o by_o nicholas_n plunket_n for_o the_o lord_n dillon_n and_o sergeant_n catlin_n for_o the_o king_n and_o after_o by_o john_n pollexfen_n for_o the_o lord_n dillon_n and_o osbaldeston_n attorney_n general_a for_o the_o king_n and_o because_o it_o be_v a_o case_n of_o great_a weight_n and_o importance_n it_o be_v deliver_v unto_o the_o judge_n and_o they_o be_v require_v by_o the_o lord_n deputy_n and_o council_n to_o confer_v and_o consider_v of_o it_o and_o to_o return_v unto_o they_o their_o resolution_n concern_v it_o but_o they_o upon_o private_a conference_n among_o themselves_o do_v not_o agree_v in_o opinion_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v think_v necessary_a for_o public_a satisfaction_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v argue_v solemn_o by_o they_o all_o and_o thereupon_o in_o trinity_n term_v last_o the_o case_n be_v argue_v by_o ryves_n puisne_n judge_n of_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o chief_a place_n barry_n second_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o cressy_a one_o of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o court_n of_o chief_a place_n and_o after_o on_o another_o day_n appoint_v for_o the_o case_n by_o mayart_n one_o of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n bolton_n chief_a baron_n lowther_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n and_o shur_o chief_a justice_n of_o the_o court_n of_o chief_a place_n and_o for_o that_o i_o intend_v to_o make_v as_o summary_n a_o report_n as_o i_o can_v i_o will_v first_o set_v down_o such_o argument_n and_o objection_n as_o be_v make_v by_o they_o that_o argue_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o letter_n patent_n it_o be_v object_v by_o they_o that_o the_o letter_n patent_n be_v good_a for_o the_o land_n and_o void_a only_o as_o to_o the_o tenure_n for_o divers_a reason_n 1._o regular_o where_o a_o man_n do_v less_o than_o the_o authority_n or_o commandment_n commit_v unto_o he_o there_o the_o commandment_n or_o authority_n be_v not_o pursue_v the_o act_n be_v void_a but_o where_o a_o man_n do_v that_o which_o he_o be_v authorise_v to_o do_v and_o more_o there_o it_o be_v good_a for_o that_o which_o be_v warrant_v and_o void_a for_o the_o rest_n coke_n instit_fw-la sect_n 434._o perk._n 189._o vid._n 8_o coke_n 85._o but_o in_o the_o case_n in_o question_n the_o commissioner_n do_v that_o which_o they_o have_v authority_n to_o do_v and_o they_o do_v more_o therefore_o for_o that_o which_o they_o have_v authority_n to_o do_v that_o be_v to_o grant_v the_o land_n the_o letter_n patent_n be_v good_a for_o that_o which_o they_o do_v more_o that_o be_v the_o reserve_n of_o a_o tenure_n they_o be_v void_a their_o authority_n be_v to_o grant_v the_o manor_n of_o dale_n to_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n that_o they_o have_v full_o do_v and_o if_o they_o have_v stay_v there_o no_o man_n will_v deny_v but_o they_o have_v well_o execute_v their_o authority_n but_o they_o go_v further_o and_o do_v more_o and_o reserve_v a_o tenure_n therefore_o for_o that_o more_o for_o that_o reservation_n their_o act_n be_v only_o void_a 2._o where_o a_o man_n have_v authority_n to_o do_v a_o act_n and_o he_o do_v it_o in_o substance_n though_o he_o differ_v in_o the_o manner_n yet_o the_o authority_n be_v well_o execute_v as_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o deed_n of_o feoffment_n of_o blacke-acre_n and_o whit-acre_n and_o a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n to_o enter_v into_o both_o acre_n and_o to_o deliver_v seisin_n of_o both_o of_o they_o according_a to_o the_o form_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o deed_n and_o he_o enter_v into_o blacke
and_o deliver_v seisin_n secundum_fw-la formam_fw-la cartae_fw-la this_o livery_n and_o seisin_n be_v good_a albeit_o he_o do_v not_o enter_v into_o both_o nor_o into_o one_o in_o the_o name_n of_o both_o and_o yet_o this_o be_v do_v in_o another_o manner_n than_o his_o authority_n warrant_v for_o his_o authority_n be_v to_o enter_v into_o both_o and_o to_o deliver_v seisin_n of_o both_o neither_o of_o which_o he_o do_v no_o not_o so_o much_o as_o enter_v into_o one_o in_o the_o name_n of_o both_o so_o when_o the_o feoffment_n be_v make_v to_o two_o or_o more_o and_o a_o letter_n of_o atturncy_n to_o make_v livery_n to_o both_o and_o the_o attorney_n make_v livery_n of_o seisin_n to_o one_o of_o the_o feoffee_n secundum_fw-la formam_fw-la &_o effectum_fw-la cartae_fw-la this_o be_v good_a to_o both_o and_o yet_o in_o that_o case_n he_o that_o be_v absent_a may_v wayve_v the_o livery_n sure_o this_o be_v do_v by_o the_o attorney_n in_o another_o manner_n than_o the_o authority_n warrant_v for_o his_o warrant_n be_v to_o make_v livery_n to_o both_o and_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o feoffor_a be_v that_o both_o shall_v take_v and_o the_o estate_n be_v settle_v in_o both_o and_o yet_o he_o make_v livery_n to_o one_o only_a and_o so_o that_o the_o estate_n may_v be_v settle_v only_o in_o he_o and_o yet_o he_o have_v well_o execute_v his_o authority_n for_o in_o substance_n he_o have_v do_v that_o which_o be_v command_v and_o though_o it_o differ_v in_o the_o manner_n it_o be_v not_o material_a both_o those_o case_n be_v put_v in_o coke_n instit_fw-la sect_n 66._o but_o in_o the_o case_n in_o question_n the_o commissioner_n have_v do_v in_o substance_n that_o which_o be_v command_v they_o therefore_o their_o authority_n be_v well_o execute_v and_o the_o act_n they_o have_v do_v be_v good_a that_o they_o have_v do_v in_o substance_n that_o which_o be_v command_v they_o appear_v in_o itself_o for_o their_o authority_n be_v to_o grant_v the_o manor_n of_o dale_n to_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n this_o they_o have_v do_v and_o if_o they_o have_v add_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o grant_n whereby_o it_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v do_v in_o another_o manner_n yet_o the_o act_n be_v do_v in_o substance_n it_o shall_v be_v good_a 3._o that_o wherein_o they_o have_v exceed_v their_o authority_n scilicet_fw-la the_o reservation_n of_o the_o tenure_n it_o be_v not_o of_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o grant_n be_v only_a grantor_n grantee_n and_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v grant_v and_o apt_a word_n in_o a_o instrument_n or_o patent_n beside_o of_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o grant_v it_o can_v be_v for_o grant_n be_v at_o common-law_n tenor_n be_v introduce_v by_o the_o conquest_n selden_n in_o his_o not._n to_o eadmer_n 194._o bracton_n libr._n 2._o the_o acquir_n rerum_fw-la domin_v the_o tenure_n be_v another_o distinct_a thing_n aliud_fw-la from_o the_o land_n in_o that_o they_o can_v consist_v in_o one_o person_n the_o land_n be_v the_o thing_n grant_v that_o belong_v to_o the_o patentee_n the_o tenure_n be_v reserve_v to_o the_o king_n that_o belong_v to_o he_o the_o reservation_n be_v aliud_fw-la or_o supra_fw-la or_o praeter_fw-la the_o grant_n not_o alio_fw-la modo_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o letter_n patent_n may_v be_v void_a for_o the_o tenure_n and_o yet_o good_a for_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o land_n 4._o although_o it_o be_v admit_v that_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o tenure_n be_v not_o a_o distinct_a thing_n or_o aliud_fw-la from_o that_o which_o they_o have_v authority_n to_o do_v but_o be_v rather_o a_o do_v of_o the_o same_o thing_n for_o which_o they_o have_v warrant_v in_o another_o manner_n than_o their_o authority_n do_v warrant_n yet_o it_o will_v not_o follow_v that_o the_o whole_a act_n be_v void_a for_o a_o authority_n give_v may_v be_v execute_v in_o another_o manner_n alio_fw-la modo_fw-la than_o the_o commission_n do_v warrant_n and_o yet_o stand_v good_a for_o that_o which_o be_v do_v according_a to_o the_o authority_n and_o that_o may_v be_v in_o these_o case_n 1._o where_o the_o authority_n be_v clothe_v with_o a_o interest_n for_o there_o in_o many_o case_n he_o that_o have_v the_o authority_n may_v vary_v from_o the_o authority_n and_o the_o act_n though_o it_o be_v do_v in_o another_o manner_n shall_v be_v good_a as_o where_o the_o custom_n of_o a_o manor_n be_v that_o the_o lord_n may_v grant_v land_n by_o copy_n of_o court-roll_n in_o fee_n if_o the_o grant_v be_v in_o tail_n or_o but_o for_o life_n this_o be_v good_a stanton_n and_o barnes_n his_o case_n hill_n 36._o eliz._n roc._n 492._o in_o b._n r._n coke_n instit_fw-la sect_n 66._o so_o where_o the_o custom_n be_v to_o grant_v copy_n for_o two_o life_n and_o he_o grant_v to_o the_o husband_n for_o life_n and_o after_o to_o the_o wife_n durante_fw-la viduitate_fw-la this_o be_v good_a down_n and_o hopkins_n case_n p._n 36._o eliz._n b._n r._n the_o statute_n of_o 32._o henr._n 8._o do_v enable_v tenant_n in_o tail_n to_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n if_o he_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o twenty_o year_n only_o or_o to_o one_o for_o ten_o year_n and_o after_o make_v a_o lease_n to_o another_o for_o eleven_o year_n more_o this_o be_v good_a and_o so_o it_o have_v be_v resolve_v in_o tompson_n and_o traffords_n case_n hill_n 35._o eliz._n b._n r._n 2._o where_o the_o vary_a from_o the_o authority_n give_v be_v in_o letter_n or_o circumstance_n and_o not_o in_o a_o point_n material_a or_o in_o substance_n for_o that_o see_v the_o case_n cite_v before_o coke_n instit_fw-la sect_n 66._o &_o litt._n 434._o 3._o where_o the_o varyance_n from_o the_o authority_n although_o it_o be_v in_o matter_n of_o substance_n be_v supply_v by_o operation_n of_o law_n as_o if_o a_o licence_n be_v grant_v to_o a_o copyholder_n for_o life_n to_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o ten_o year_n if_o he_o shall_v so_o long_o live_v the_o copyholder_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o ten_o year_n absolute_o without_o the_o limitation_n videlicet_fw-la if_o he_o shall_v so_o long_o live_v yet_o adjudge_v good_a and_o the_o licence_n well_o pursue_v it_o be_v hat_n and_o arrowsmiths_n case_n hillar_n 38._o elizabeth_n b._n r._n and_o in_o the_o case_n in_o question_n where_o all_o agree_v that_o the_o king_n meaning_n in_o this_o commission_n be_v that_o a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la shall_v be_v reserve_v albeit_o it_o be_v not_o express_v in_o word_n or_o if_o it_o have_v be_v in_o express_a term_n that_o a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la shall_v be_v reserve_v and_o they_o have_v only_o grant_v the_o manor_n without_o reservation_n of_o any_o tenure_n yet_o the_o law_n supply_v this_o defect_n and_o raise_v a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la this_o shall_v make_v the_o grant_v good_a 4._o where_o the_o varyance_n from_o the_o authority_n be_v cure_v by_o the_o party_n himself_o by_o some_o other_o act_n as_o if_o tenant_n in_o tail_n husband_n and_o wife_n a_o bishop_n etc._n etc._n who_o be_v authorize_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o henr._n 8._o to_o make_v lease_n for_o one_o &_o twenty_o year_n or_o three_o life_n of_o land_n usual_o let_v make_v a_o lease_n of_o land_n usual_o let_v and_o of_o land_n not_o usual_o let_v reserve_v one_o entire_a rent_n all_o be_v void_a shepherd_n case_n but_o if_o tenant_n in_o tail_n will_v make_v such_o a_o lease_n and_o reserve_v the_o accustom_a rent_n for_o the_o land_n usual_o let_v and_o another_o rent_n for_o the_o land_n not_o usual_o let_v here_o the_o lease_n shall_v be_v good_a for_o the_o land_n usual_o let_v and_o voydeable_a only_a for_o the_o other_o for_o by_o these_o several_a reservation_n the_o varyance_n from_o the_o authority_n be_v cure_a tanfeild_n and_o rogers_n case_n trin._n 36._o eliz._n b.r._n 5._o where_o the_o varyance_n from_o the_o authority_n how_o material_a soever_o it_o be_v be_v notwithstanding_o make_v void_a either_o by_o the_o common-law_n or_o act_v of_o parliament_n as_o where_o the_o king_n do_v licence_n i._n s._n to_o grant_v twenty_o mark_n annuity_n in_o mortmain_n and_o he_o grant_v the_o annuity_n with_o clause_n of_o distress_n by_o hussey_n and_o bryan_n chief_a justice_n and_o starky_n chief_a baron_n and_o justice_n faierfax_n the_o addition_n of_o distress_n be_v without_o warrant_n and_o void_a yet_o all_o admit_v the_o grant_n of_o the_o rent_n good_a notwithstanding_o 2._o &_o 3_o h._n 7._o grant_n 36._o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1._o elizabeth_n a_o grant_n by_o a_o bishop_n of_o a_o ancient_a office_n of_o seneschall-ship_n to_o two_o that_o have_v never_o before_o be_v grant_v but_o to_o one_o be_v adjudge_v void_a 10._o coke_n 61._o the_o bishop_n of_o salisburyes_n case_n put_v case_n then_o that_o such_o a_o
grant_n be_v make_v by_o a_o bishop_n to_o i._n s._n and_o to_o a_o infant_n joint_o or_o the_o one_o after_o the_o other_o this_o be_v a_o material_a varyance_n and_o yet_o because_o the_o grant_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o infant_n be_v void_a as_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o scambler_n and_o welter_n case_n m._n 40._o &_o 41._o eliz._n b.r._n cite_v in_o coke_n instit_fw-la sect_n 1._o the_o grant_n to_o i._o s._n as_o they_o hold_v be_v good_a 5._o although_o the_o habendum_fw-la tenendum_fw-la condition_n etc._n etc._n be_v part_n of_o a_o grant_n yet_o the_o habendum_fw-la may_v be_v void_a and_o the_o grant_v good_a as_o in_o auditor_n king_n case_n cite_v in_o 8._o coke_n 56._o in_o the_o earl_n of_o rutland_n case_n where_o the_o case_n be_v the_o king_n grant_v land_n to_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n in_o the_o premise_n habendum_fw-la to_o he_o and_o his_o assign_n omit_v the_o word_n heir_n in_o the_o habendum_fw-la yet_o the_o fee_n shall_v pass_v by_o the_o premise_n and_o the_o habendum_fw-la shall_v be_v void_a the_o condition_n may_v be_v void_a as_o in_o litletons_n case_n a_o feoffment_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o alien_a and_o yet_o the_o grant_n remain_v good_a 6._o the_o reservation_n of_o a_o tenure_n be_v not_o necessary_a in_o the_o grant_n if_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a it_o be_v inutile_fw-la and_o utile_fw-la per_fw-la inutile_fw-la non_fw-la vitiatur_fw-la 3._o coke_n 10._o dowty_n case_n 7._o the_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o his_o profit_n 9_o coke_n 131._o in_o bewlyes_n case_n and_o therefore_o when_o the_o king_n grant_n may_v be_v take_v to_o two_o intent_n good_a in_o many_o case_n it_o shall_v be_v take_v to_o that_o intent_n which_o be_v most_o beneficial_a for_o the_o king_n but_o if_o it_o may_v be_v take_v to_o one_o intent_n good_a and_o to_o another_o intent_n void_a there_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o subject_a it_o shall_v be_v take_v in_o such_o manner_n that_o the_o grant_v of_o the_o king_n may_v take_v effect_n for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o king_n to_o make_v a_o void_a grant_n vid._n 8._o coke_n 56._o the_o earl_n of_o rutland_n case_n the_o lord_z staffords_z case_n 8._o coke_n 77._o the_o earl_n of_o cumberland_n case_n 8._o coke_n 167._o upon_o this_o rule_n the_o case_n of_o priddle_n and_o napper_n 11._o coke_n 11._o be_v put_v which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o far_o strong_a case_n than_o the_o case_n in_o question_n and_o that_o in_o case_n of_o a_o authority_n execute_v in_o other_o manner_n alio_fw-la modo_fw-la and_o yet_o good_a the_o point_n resolve_v as_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v this_o king_n henr._n 8._o do_v grant_v licence_n to_o the_o prior_n and_o covent_n of_o montacute_n to_o appropriate_v the_o church_n of_o tintinhul_n to_o their_o priory_n and_o this_o be_v per_fw-la verba_fw-la de_fw-la praesenti_fw-la tempore_fw-la it_o do_v appear_v that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o licence_n the_o church_n be_v full_a of_o a_o incumbent_n and_o so_o that_o no_o appropriation_n can_v be_v make_v in_o praesenti_fw-la but_o in_o futuro_fw-la by_o special_a word_n to_o take_v effect_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o present_a incumbent_n and_o therefore_o the_o licence_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v special_a otherwise_o the_o king_n be_v deceive_v in_o his_o grant_n and_o so_o the_o appropriation_n void_a which_o by_o colour_n of_o that_o licence_n they_o make_v to_o take_v effect_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o incumbent_n but_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o appropriation_n be_v sufficient_a in_o law_n for_o the_o licence_n be_v general_a and_o therefore_o it_o shall_v be_v take_v in_o such_o sense_n that_o it_o may_v take_v effect_n that_o be_v to_o take_v effect_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o incumbent_n and_o the_o reason_n there_o give_v be_v the_o rule_n before_o remember_v for_o construction_n of_o the_o king_n grant_n in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v first_o that_o the_o licence_n or_o authority_n give_v by_o the_o king_n be_v in_o general_a word_n to_o make_v the_o appropriation_n present_o second_o that_o this_o authority_n can_v not_o be_v execute_v in_o that_o manner_n three_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o licence_n they_o make_v the_o appropriation_n in_o futuro_fw-la s._n to_o take_v effect_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o incumbent_n so_o they_o do_v it_o in_o another_o manner_n than_o their_o authority_n warrant_v and_o yet_o good_a and_o their_o authority_n well_o pursue_v then_o if_o that_o authority_n execute_v in_o so_o different_a a_o manner_n from_o the_o word_n of_o the_o authority_n be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v well_o execute_v much_o more_o shall_v it_o in_o this_o case_n be_v say_v to_o be_v well_o execute_v when_o they_o have_v pursue_v the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o authority_n and_o if_o to_o some_o intent_n there_o may_v be_v a_o construction_n make_v to_o make_v the_o grant_v void_a yet_o if_o by_o another_o construction_n the_o grant_n may_v be_v make_v good_a and_o the_o king_n intention_n fulfil_v without_o any_o prejudice_n to_o he_o then_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o subject_a that_o construction_n shall_v be_v make_v that_o the_o grant_n shall_v be_v good_a and_o such_o construction_n may_v be_v make_v in_o this_o case_n for_o here_o the_o tenure_n reserve_v be_v void_a as_o it_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v the_o tenure_n intend_v by_o the_o commission_n shall_v be_v raise_v by_o implication_n of_o law_n by_o this_o construction_n the_o grant_n shall_v be_v make_v good_a and_o the_o king_n intention_n shall_v be_v fulfil_v without_o any_o prejudice_n to_o he_o they_o agree_v that_o in_o all_o grant_v of_o land_n by_o letter_n patent_n here_o in_o ireland_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o king_n commission_n or_o letter_n missive_n under_o the_o privy_a signet_n if_o that_o tenure_n be_v not_o reserve_v either_o by_o the_o letter_n patent_n or_o by_o the_o la_o which_o be_v direct_v by_o the_o say_a commission_n or_o letter_n missive_n there_o the_o grant_n shall_v be_v void_a in_o the_o whole_a both_o for_o the_o land_n and_o tenure_n and_o therefore_o where_o the_o king_n give_v power_n to_o grant_v land_n and_o to_o reserve_v a_o tenure_n which_o the_o law_n will_v not_o create_v or_o to_o reserve_v some_o other_o thing_n which_o the_o la_o itself_o will_v not_o reserve_v as_o if_o the_o commission_n have_v be_v to_o grant_v land_n and_o to_o reserve_v a_o tenure_n by_o knight_n service_n if_o the_o land_n be_v grant_v reserve_v a_o tenure_n in_o socage_n the_o grant_n be_v void_a in_o the_o whole_a so_o if_o the_o commission_n have_v be_v to_o grant_v land_n and_o to_o reserve_v twenty_o shilling_n rend_v and_o they_o reserve_v ten_o shilling_n in_o these_o case_n the_o commissioner_n have_v not_o do_v so_o much_o as_o they_o shall_v the_o king_n be_v prejudice_v and_o no_o construction_n or_o implication_n of_o la_o can_v help_v as_o in_o our_o case_n it_o do_v and_o here_o in_o this_o case_n the_o tenure_n reserve_v shall_v not_o toll_v that_o tenure_n which_o be_v employ_v by_o the_o la_o because_o the_o tenure_n reserve_v be_v void_a for_o that_o they_o cite_v the_o case_n of_o littleton_n in_o his_o chapter_n of_o frank-almoigne_a sect_n 140._o a_o man_n that_o hold_v land_n by_o knight_n service_n at_o this_o day_n grant_v they_o by_o licence_n to_o a_o abbot_n etc._n etc._n to_o hold_v in_o frank-almoigne_a the_o tenure_n reserve_v be_v void_a and_o he_o shall_v hold_v by_o knight_n service_n and_o so_o a_o gift_n in_o frankmarriage_n reserve_v a_o rent_n this_o reservation_n be_v void_a and_o he_o shall_v hold_v only_o by_o fealty_n 4._o h._n 6._o 22._o otherwise_o it_o will_v be_v if_o the_o reservation_n be_v good_a for_o there_o the_o tacit_a reservation_n shall_v be_v silent_a as_o in_o wheelers_n case_n 6._o coke_n 6._o they_o agree_v that_o if_o these_o letter_n patent_n have_v be_v make_v by_o bill_n sign_v by_o the_o king_n own_o hand_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n the_o tenure_n reserve_v will_v control_v the_o tenure_n which_o the_o law_n will_v have_v raise_v for_o in_o letter_n patent_n pass_v in_o england_n the_o letter_n patent_n be_v ultima_fw-la intentio_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o the_o judge_n who_o be_v to_o make_v construction_n thereof_o be_v to_o ground_v their_o judgement_n upon_o the_o letter_n patent_n themselves_o and_o the_o content_n thereof_o without_o any_o regard_n to_o the_o particular_a or_o any_o thing_n without_o the_o letter_n patent_n doddingtons_n case_n 2._o coke_n 34._o but_o in_o letter_n patent_n of_o land_n in_o ireland_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o ireland_n the_o letter_n patent_n be_v not_o
ultima_fw-la intentio_fw-la regis_fw-la but_o tota_fw-la &_o sola_fw-la prima_fw-la &_o ultima_fw-la intentio_fw-la regis_fw-la be_v all_o to_o be_v take_v and_o gather_v out_o of_o the_o commission_n or_o warrant_v from_o the_o king_n under_o the_o privy_a signet_n upon_o which_o they_o be_v pass_v and_o here_o the_o judge_n be_v to_o ground_v their_o judgement_n upon_o the_o commission_n or_o warrant_v aswell_o as_o upon_o the_o letter_n patent_n and_o to_o these_o seven_o argument_n or_o reason_n all_o that_o be_v speak_v by_o they_o that_o argue_v for_o the_o letter_n patent_n may_v be_v reduce_v but_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o two_o chief_a justice_n the_o chief_a baron_n baron_fw-fr barry_n and_o justice_n ryves_n with_o who_o baron_n lowther_n agree_v in_o opinion_n though_o he_o can_v not_o then_o argue_v by_o reason_n of_o sickness_n that_o the_o letter_n patent_n be_v void_a in_o law_n both_o to_o the_o land_n and_o to_o the_o tenure_n in_o this_o case_n five_o thing_n do_v fall_v into_o consideration_n 1._o the_o commission_n mention_v in_o the_o case_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o it_o 2._o authority_n and_o their_o several_a sort_n and_o how_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v pursue_v 3._o the_o authority_n in_o this_o case_n what_o it_o be_v if_o it_o be_v pursue_v as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v wherein_o it_o be_v not_o pursue_v 4._o tenor_n what_o they_o be_v in_o the_o grant_n that_o the_o reservation_n of_o a_o tenure_n be_v modus_fw-la concessionis_fw-la that_o it_o be_v not_o aliud_fw-la or_o a_o distinct_a thing_n from_o the_o grant_n that_o tenor_n have_v their_o original_n in_o england_n before_o the_o norman_a conquest_n 5._o the_o reason_n why_o the_o letter_n patent_n be_v void_a in_o the_o whole_a and_o the_o authority_n upon_o which_o the_o resolution_n be_v ground_v 1._o the_o commission_n mention_v in_o the_o case_n be_v the_o commission_n that_o be_v in_o force_n in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o late_a majesty_n for_o the_o strengthen_n of_o defective_a title_n a_o commission_n that_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a grace_n and_o bounty_n that_o ever_o before_o that_o time_n be_v vouchsafe_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o their_o subject_n of_o this_o kingdom_n a_o commission_n that_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o to_o be_v a_o good_a and_o legal_a and_o effectual_a commission_n and_o to_o contain_v in_o itself_o full_a power_n and_o authority_n to_o grant_v of_o which_o the_o chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n in_o his_o argument_n fay_v that_o upon_o this_o occasion_n he_o do_v serious_o peruse_v it_o and_o in_o his_o judgement_n it_o be_v as_o full_a and_o strong_a a_o commission_n for_o grant_v the_o land_n concurrentibus_fw-la hijs_fw-la quae_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la requiruntur_fw-la as_o any_o he_o have_v see_v there_o be_v in_o the_o commission_n as_o he_o say_v plenitudo_fw-la potestatis_fw-la there_o be_v not_o any_o question_n of_o the_o commission_n nor_o of_o the_o power_n grant_v by_o the_o commission_n neither_o as_o it_o be_v declare_v be_v it_o the_o intention_n of_o his_o majesty_n to_o deny_v unto_o the_o subject_a the_o full_a benefit_n of_o it_o in_o all_o thing_n wherein_o the_o commissioner_n have_v pursue_v their_o authority_n give_v by_o the_o commission_n and_o proceed_v according_a to_o the_o law_n for_o that_o that_o there_o be_v no_o direction_n in_o the_o commission_n for_o the_o tenure_n it_o be_v no_o defect_n in_o the_o commission_n as_o the_o chief_a baron_n observe_v nor_o any_o omission_n or_o negligence_n in_o they_o that_o be_v trust_v with_o the_o draw_n of_o it_o it_o be_v do_v upon_o good_a advice_n &_o of_o purpose_n for_o the_o case_n of_o they_o that_o be_v to_o pass_v upon_o that_o commission_n be_v so_o different_a and_o there_o be_v such_o variety_n of_o tenor_n that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o give_v any_o certain_a direction_n in_o the_o commission_n concern_v they_o beside_o the_o intention_n of_o that_o commission_n be_v not_o to_o give_v authority_n for_o the_o alteration_n or_o diminution_n of_o the_o king_n tenor_n it_o be_v intend_v only_o for_o the_o establish_n of_o the_o estate_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o therefore_o there_o be_v not_o a_o word_n in_o it_o of_o any_o tenure_n so_o that_o the_o purpose_n of_o it_o be_v where_o any_o former_a tenure_n be_v in_o esse_fw-la to_o preserve_v it_o and_o where_o no_o tenure_n be_v in_o esse_fw-la to_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o law_n so_o that_o now_o the_o commission_n be_v clear_v &_o agree_v to_o be_v good_a and_o legal_a and_o to_o contain_v full_a power_n and_o ample_a authority_n to_o grant_v the_o land_n the_o sole_a question_n will_v be_v of_o the_o pursuance_n of_o the_o commission_n and_o whither_o this_o power_n grant_v by_o the_o commission_n be_v well_o execute_v and_o pursue_v by_o the_o commissioner_n 2._o to_o find_v out_o the_o law_n in_o this_o case_n the_o several_a sort_n of_o authority_n in_o our_o book_n be_v consider_v and_o how_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v pursue_v for_o authority_n these_o difference_n be_v agree_v for_o law._n all_o authority_n be_v either_o authority_n in_o law_n or_o authority_n in_o fait_fw-fr 8._o coke_n 146._o the_o 6._o carpenter_n case_n authority_n in_o law_n be_v where_o the_o law_n give_v authority_n without_o any_o authority_n from_o the_o party_n as_o the_o la_o give_v authority_n to_o the_o lord_n to_o distrain_v for_o his_o rent_n and_o service_n to_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o soil_n to_o distrain_v damage_n feasant_a to_o he_o in_o the_o reversion_n to_o enter_v and_o see_v if_o be_v be_v do_v and_o the_o like_a a_o authority_n in_o fait_fw-fr be_v where_o the_o authority_n be_v give_v by_o the_o party_n authority_n in_o fait_fw-fr be_v either_o nude_v and_o bare_a authority_n or_o authority_n clothe_v with_o a_o interest_n coke_n instit_fw-la 52._o nude_v authority_n be_v give_v either_o by_o 1._o deed_n 2._o commission_n 3._o patent_n 4._o write_v 5._o or_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o for_o all_o those_o authority_n it_o be_v a_o certain_a rule_n and_o ground_n in_o our_o law_n that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v pursue_v strict_o and_o precise_o both_o for_o matter_n and_o form_n or_o otherwise_o the_o act_n do_v by_o colour_n of_o that_o authority_n be_v void_a 10._o h._n 7._o 15._o but_o the_o execution_n of_o authority_n that_o be_v clothe_v with_o a_o interest_n be_v of_o a_o more_o large_a and_o favourable_a interpretation_n than_o the_o execution_n of_o those_o that_o be_v but_o bare_a authority_n 5._o coke_n 94._o &_o 95._o in_o barwickes_n case_n 1._o that_o authority_n by_o deed_n be_v to_o be_v pursue_v strict_o and_o precise_o both_o for_o matter_n and_o manner_n see_v the_o case_n of_o 12._o ass_n 24._o 26._o ass_n 39_o there_o the_o case_n be_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n do_v make_v a_o charter_n of_o fee-simple_n to_o the_o tenant_n and_o a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n to_o deliver_v livery_n of_o seisin_n the_o attorney_n deliver_v livery_n upon_o condition_n this_o livery_n be_v void_a for_o the_o authority_n be_v not_o pursue_v in_o the_o manner_n so_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o the_o letter_n of_o attorney_n have_v be_v to_o deliver_v livery_n of_o seisin_n upon_o condition_n and_o the_o attorney_n make_v livery_n without_o condition_n this_o be_v void_a coke_n instit_fw-la 258._o 11._o h._n 4._o 3._o a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n be_v make_v to_o make_v livery_n after_o the_o death_n of_o i.s._n and_o the_o attorney_n make_v livery_n during_o the_o life_n of_o i.s._n all_o be_v void_a 40._o ass_n 38._o if_o i_o command_v a_o man_n to_o make_v a_o deed_n of_o feoffment_n in_o my_o name_n according_a to_o a_o copy_n show_v unto_o he_o in_o latin_a if_o he_o make_v a_o deed_n of_o feoffment_n according_a to_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o same_o word_n in_o english_a or_o french_a the_o feoffment_n be_v without_o warrant_n for_o in_o that_o case_n he_o do_v not_o pursue_v the_o authority_n in_o the_o manner_n 10._o henr._n 7._o 9_o so_o where_o a_o authority_n be_v give_v to_o enfeoffe_v and_o he_o leavye_n a_o fine_a ibid._n &_o 10._o henr._n 7._o 15._o 2._o for_o authority_n by_o commission_n that_o they_o must_v be_v pursue_v it_o be_v the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n case_n in_o plough_v com._n 380._o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n 1._o mar._n be_v indict_v of_o high_a treason_n before_o sir_n richard_n sowthwell_n &_o seven_o other_o commissioner_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o commission_n direct_v to_o the_o say_a sir_n richard_n and_o fourteen_o more_o after_o another_o commission_n be_v direct_v to_o sir_n thomas_n white_a and_o other_o recite_v that_o where_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n stand_v indict_v before_o sir_n richard_n sowthwell_n and_o fourteen_o other_o commissioner_n of_o divers_a treason_n etc._n etc._n it_o give_v they_o authority_n
ad_fw-la indictamentum_fw-la praedictum_fw-la recipiendum_fw-la &_o ipsum_fw-la robertum_fw-la super_fw-la inde_fw-la audiendum_fw-la etc._n etc._n ac_fw-la debito_fw-la sine_fw-la triandum_fw-la terminandum_fw-la etc._n etc._n by_o colour_n of_o that_o commission_n they_o do_v arraign_v he_o upon_o that_o indictment_n find_v before_o eight_o of_o the_o commissioner_n he_o confess_v the_o treason_n etc._n etc._n and_o have_v his_o judgement_n it_o be_v resolve_v that_o all_o that_o be_v do_v be_v void_a and_o coram_fw-la non_fw-la iudice_fw-la for_o that_o they_o do_v not_o pursue_v their_o authority_n 3._o authority_n by_o patent_n must_v be_v pursue_v the_o king_n licence_n a_o abbot_n and_o covent_n to_o alien_n the_o abbot_n sole_a alien_n it_o be_v void_a 21._o henr._n 7._o 7._o &_o 8._o and_o the_o rule_n give_v by_o frowicke_n when_o the_o king_n make_v any_o grant_n or_o licence_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v execute_v according_o and_o strict_o as_o if_o the_o king_n grant_v i_o licence_n to_o make_v a_o feoffment_n by_o deed_n i_o can_v make_v a_o feoffment_n without_o deed_n nor_o e_o contra_n so_o that_o the_o licence_n must_v ever_o be_v pursue_v or_o otherwise_o the_o act_n do_v be_v not_o warrant_v by_o the_o licence_n vid._n 18._o ass_n pl._n ultimo_fw-la the_o lord_n clifford_n case_n 2._o coke_n 80._o stamf._n prarog_n regis_fw-la 31._o the_o licence_n be_v to_o levy_v a_o fine_a of_o the_o manor_n of_o dale_n to_o find_v two_o chapleine_n and_o he_o will_v have_v levy_v the_o fine_a leave_v out_o the_o chapleine_n and_o can_v not_o be_v suffer_v 3._o ed._n 3._o 5._o stamf._n ubi_fw-la supra_fw-la vid._n 30._o ed._n 3._o 17._o 4._o authority_n by_o write_v must_v be_v pursue_v in_o a_o praecipe_fw-la quod_fw-la reddat_fw-la there_o must_v be_v two_o summoner_n therefore_o summon_v by_o one_o summoner_n be_v not_o good_a plough_v com._n 393._o 50._o ed._n 3._o 16._o 5._o authority_n give_v by_o parliament_n must_v be_v pursue_v the_o statute_n of_o merton_n cap._n 3._o ordain_v that_o in_o a_o redisseisin_n the_o sheriff_n assumptis_fw-la secum_fw-la custodibus_fw-la placitorum_fw-la coronae_fw-la etc._n etc._n accedat_fw-la ad_fw-la tenementum_fw-la illud_fw-la de_fw-la quo_fw-la facta_fw-la fuerit_fw-la querela_fw-la if_o the_o sheriff_n take_v but_o one_o coroner_n it_o be_v not_o good_a for_o the_o act_n appoint_v a_o number_n two_o at_o the_o least_o which_o number_n ought_v to_o be_v satisfy_v or_o else_o the_o authority_n give_v by_o the_o act_n be_v not_o pursue_v 23._o ass_n 7._o plough_v com._n 393._o so_o that_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o all_o these_o book_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o a_o nude_v authority_n must_v be_v pursue_v strict_o both_o for_o matter_n and_o manner_n or_o the_o act_n do_v by_o colour_n of_o the_o authority_n be_v void_a but_o in_o what_o case_n the_o act_n so_o void_a for_o not_o pursue_v of_o the_o authority_n shall_v be_v void_a in_o the_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n only_o this_o difference_n be_v take_v where_o he_o that_o have_v a_o authority_n do_v that_o which_o he_o be_v authorize_v to_o do_v &_o aliud_fw-la and_o another_o thing_n distinct_a from_o that_o for_o which_o he_o have_v authority_n and_o where_o he_o do_v the_o same_o thing_n which_o he_o be_v authorise_v to_o do_v alio_fw-la modo_fw-la in_o another_o manner_n than_o the_o authority_n do_v warrant_v in_o the_o first_o case_n it_o be_v good_a for_o that_o which_o be_v warrant_v and_o void_a for_o the_o aliud_fw-la in_o the_o other_o it_o be_v void_a for_o the_o whole_a and_o therefore_o if_o a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n be_v make_v to_o i._o s._n to_o make_v livery_n of_o seisin_n in_o whiteacre_n and_o he_o make_v livery_n in_o whiteacre_n and_o blacke-acre_n there_o he_o do_v idem_n &_o aliud_fw-la and_o therefore_o it_o be_v good_a for_o whiteacre_n that_o be_v according_a to_o his_o authority_n and_o pursuant_n to_o it_o and_o void_a for_o black-acre_n which_o be_v aliud_fw-la from_o his_o authority_n perk._n 38._o otherwise_o it_o will_v be_v if_o the_o letter_n of_o attorney_n be_v to_o make_v livery_n of_o one_o acre_n and_o he_o make_v livery_n of_o two_o acre_n there_o it_o be_v void_a for_o both_o because_o he_o couple_n both_o together_o and_o it_o be_v not_o name_v in_o certain_a in_o the_o feoffment_n of_o which_o acre_n livery_n shall_v be_v make_v according_a to_o 4._o h._n 7._o 5._o but_o in_o the_o case_n of_o perk_n the_o acre_n be_v name_v in_o certain_a whiteacre_n and_o so_o a_o difference_n on_o the_o other_o side_n when_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v do_v in_o another_o manner_n than_o the_o authority_n warrant_v there_o be_v idem_fw-la alio_fw-la modo_fw-la and_o therefore_o all_o be_v void_a as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o 12._o ass_n 24._o 26._o ass_n 39_o 40._o ass_n 38._o 10._o h._n 7._o 9_o the_o case_n already_o cite_v the_o true_a reason_n why_o in_o all_o those_o case_n the_o act_n be_v void_a be_v because_o the_o authority_n be_v execute_v alio_fw-la modo_fw-la and_o so_o be_v the_o reason_n express_o give_v in_o the_o book_n of_o 12._o ass_n why_o the_o liverye_n be_v void_a because_o the_o attorney_n do_v it_o in_o other_o manner_n than_o the_o authority_n warrant_v this_o be_v the_o difference_n that_o must_v rule_v the_o case_n one_o way_n or_o other_o and_o therefore_o the_o only_a labour_n will_v be_v to_o find_v out_o under_o which_o part_n of_o that_o difference_n the_o case_n in_o question_n do_v lie_v 3._o for_o that_o first_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o inquire_v what_o the_o authority_n in_o this_o case_n be_v whether_o it_o be_v pursue_v as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v wherein_o it_o be_v not_o pursue_v the_o authority_n give_v to_o the_o commissioner_n in_o this_o case_n be_v twofold_a a_o authority_n express_v in_o their_o commission_n s._n to_o grant_v the_o manor_n of_o dale_n and_o a_o authority_n imply_v in_o la_o to_o reserve_v a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la for_o where_o there_o be_v no_o direction_n for_o the_o tenure_n the_o law_n will_v imply_v a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la as_o the_o best_a for_o the_o king_n in_o this_o case_n then_o by_o the_o very_a commission_n the_o tenure_n be_v make_v a_o part_n of_o the_o grant_n and_o modus_fw-la concessionis_fw-la for_o the_o authority_n though_o it_o be_v twofold_a express_v and_o imply_v yet_o both_o be_v put_v together_o that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o virtue_n of_o that_o authority_n be_v but_o one_o entire_a act_n one_o grant_n a_o grant_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o dale_n reserve_v a_o capite_fw-la tenure_n so_o that_o their_o authority_n to_o grant_v the_o land_n be_v not_o absolute_a but_o sub_fw-la modo_fw-la so_o that_o they_o reserve_v a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o although_o the_o power_n to_o reserve_v a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v only_o employ_v by_o the_o law_n and_o be_v not_o give_v by_o express_a word_n in_o their_o commission_n that_o make_v no_o difference_n for_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o our_o book_n authority_n imply_v in_o law_n as_o well_o as_o those_o that_o be_v express_v must_v be_v pursue_v where_o a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n be_v make_v to_o deliver_v livery_n of_o scism_n the_o attorney_n have_v a_o twofold_a authority_n a_o authority_n express_v in_o his_o warrant_n and_o that_o be_v general_a to_o deliver_v seisin_n and_o a_o authority_n imply_v in_o la_o that_o be_v to_o deliver_v a_o actual_a and_o express_a livery_n and_o not_o a_o livery_n in_o law._n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o attorney_n deliver_v seisin_n within_o the_o view_n though_o it_o be_v warrant_v by_o his_o express_a authority_n yet_o because_o he_o have_v not_o pursue_v his_o imply_v authority_n the_o act_n be_v void_a and_o so_o it_o be_v resolve_v p._n 3._o eliz._n c.b._n in_o yarhams_n case_n coke_n instit_fw-la sect_n 66._o this_o then_o be_v their_o authority_n s._n to_o grant_v the_o manor_n of_o dale_n and_o upon_o the_o grant_n to_o reserve_v a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la now_o how_o have_v they_o execute_v this_o authority_n there_o be_v letter_n patent_n pass_v to_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n by_o colour_n of_o the_o commission_n to_o be_v hold_v by_o knight_n service_n as_o of_o his_o majesty_n castle_n of_o dublin_n here_o they_o have_v not_o pursue_v their_o authority_n for_o where_o by_o the_o commission_n either_o a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la ought_v to_o have_v be_v reserve_v or_o else_o the_o tenure_n leave_v to_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o law_n they_o express_o reserve_v a_o tenure_n by_o common_a knight_n service_n that_o the_o letter_n patent_n as_o to_o this_o tenure_n thus_o reserve_v be_v void_a it_o be_v agree_v on_o all_o side_n but_o whither_o they_o shall_v be_v only_o void_a to_o the_o tenure_n or_o whither_o the_o reserve_n of_o a_o tenure_n so_o divers_a from_o the_o tenure_n intend_v and_o warrant_v by_o the_o commission_n shall_v destroy_v
the_o crown_n obj._n it_o be_v obj._n that_o the_o tenure_n be_v aliud_fw-la from_o the_o land_n for_o the_o land_n be_v the_o subject_n &_o the_o tenure_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n resp_n to_o that_o 1._o it_o be_v answ_n that_o the_o question_n be_v not_o whither_o the_o tenure_n be_v aliud_fw-la from_o the_o land_n for_o it_o be_v clear_a the_o land_n be_v one_o thing_n and_o the_o tenure_n another_o but_o the_o question_n be_v whither_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o tenure_n be_v aliud_fw-la from_o the_o authority_n of_o grant_v the_o land_n or_o include_v in_o it_o as_o modus_fw-la concessionis_fw-la s._n they_o shall_v grant_v &_o grant_v in_o this_o manner_n 2_o it_o be_v answer_v both_o be_v the_o king_n but_o the_o tenure_n be_v asleep_a by_o the_o possession_n in_o the_o king_n and_o it_o be_v now_o to_o be_v awaken_v by_o this_o commission_n in_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o intent_n and_o plain_a meaning_n of_o the_o king_n be_v to_o grant_v the_o land_n to_o the_o subject_n and_o to_o reserve_v the_o tenure_n for_o himself_o and_o that_o the_o tenure_n be_v not_o such_o a_o stranger_n to_o the_o land_n it_o be_v prove_v by_o our_o book_n in_o mary_n blages_n case_n 1._o h._n 4._o 2._o it_o be_v say_v that_o land_n lie_v natural_o in_o tenure_n 2._o that_o land_n lie_v always_o in_o tenure_n and_o therefore_o the_o tenure_n be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o land_n it_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o have_v existence_n in_o the_o land_n it_o be_v inherent_a in_o it_o and_o inseparable_a from_o it_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o land_n for_o no_o grant_n of_o land_n in_o feesimple_n to_o a_o common_a person_n either_o from_o the_o king_n or_o a_o common_a person_n can_v be_v without_o a_o tenure_n either_o express_v or_o employ_v we_o have_v not_o in_o our_o la_o proper_o allodium_fw-la that_o be_v any_o land_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o subject_n that_o be_v not_o hold_v coke_n instit_fw-la sect_n 1._o the_o land_n only_o that_o be_v in_o the_o king_n possession_n be_v free_a from_o tenure_n for_o a_o tenant_n be_v he_o that_o hold_v of_o some_o superior_a lord_n by_o some_o service_n and_o therefore_o the_o king_n can_v be_v a_o tenant_n because_o he_o have_v no_o superior_a but_o god_n praedium_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la est_fw-la directum_fw-la dominium_fw-la cujus_fw-la nullus_fw-la est_fw-la author_n nisi_fw-la deus_fw-la and_o as_o bracton_n say_v lib._n 1._o cap._n 8._o omnis_fw-la quidem_fw-la sub_fw-la eo_fw-la &_o ipse_fw-la sub_fw-la nullo_n nisi_fw-la tantum_fw-la sub_fw-la deo_fw-la vid._n lestatute_n 16._o r._n 2._o cap._n 5._o 14._o eliz._n dyer_n 313._o 1._o coke_n 47._o vid._n 8._o coke_n 118._o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o it_o will_v be_v against_o common_a right_n and_o reason_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v hold_v of_o any_o or_o do_v service_n to_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n and_o therefore_o some_o have_v think_v it_o not_o so_o proper_a in_o the_o king_n case_n to_o say_v that_o he_o be_v scise_v in_o dominico_fw-la svo_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-la feodo_fw-la cowell_n interpret_v verb._n feudum_fw-la &_o institut_fw-la p._n 66._o as_o if_o feodum_fw-la or_o fendum_fw-la be_v take_v in_o our_o law_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o feudall_a law_n only_o for_o land_n hold_v by_o service_n but_o with_o we_o it_o have_v another_o signification_n littleton_n tell_v we_o feudum_fw-la idem_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la haereditas_fw-la and_o so_o it_o be_v define_v long_o before_o littleton_n by_o bracton_n and_o briton_n and_o fleta_n and_o in_o truth_n it_o have_v two_o signification_n in_o our_o book_n in_o the_o first_o it_o be_v take_v to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o a_o inheritance_n and_o so_o it_o be_v proper_a enough_o in_o the_o king_n case_n in_o the_o other_o it_o be_v take_v for_o land_n hold_v as_o in_o that_o of_o horse_n de_fw-fr son_n fee._n we_o find_v both_o in_o bracton_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 9_o fol._n 263._o feudum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la quis_fw-la tenet_fw-la ex_fw-la quacunque_fw-la causa_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la etc._n etc._n &_o alio_fw-la modo_fw-la dicitur_fw-la feudum_fw-la quod_fw-la quis_fw-la tenet_fw-la ab_fw-la alio_fw-la sicut_fw-la dicitur_fw-la talis_fw-la tenet_fw-la de_fw-la tali_fw-la tot_fw-la feuda_fw-la per_fw-la servicium_fw-la militare_fw-la and_o agree_v with_o he_o be_v fleta_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v transcribe_v out_o of_o bracton_n lib._n 5._o cap._n 5._o and_o here_o just_a occasion_n may_v be_v take_v to_o clear_v our_o master_n littleton_n from_o that_o imputation_n which_o be_v cast_v upon_o he_o by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n of_o england_n pag._n 127._o where_o he_o lay_v ignorance_n to_o his_o charge_n for_o lay_v that_o feodum_fw-la idem_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la haereditas_fw-la which_o say_v he_o it_o do_v not_o signify_v in_o any_o language_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o make_v it_o manifest_a how_o proper_a that_o sense_n be_v but_o because_o it_o have_v partly_o appear_v by_o that_o which_o have_v be_v say_v and_o for_o that_o the_o author_n of_o that_o book_n be_v not_o know_v for_o some_o have_v doubt_v whither_o sir_n thomas_n smyth_n be_v the_o author_n of_o it_o or_o no_o sir_n john_n fernes_n generosity_n pag._n 99_o and_o so_o to_o argue_v with_o he_o will_v be_v to_o fight_v with_o a_o shadow_n therefore_o they_o do_v abstain_v so_o that_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o only_a land_n in_o the_o king_n possession_n be_v free_a from_o tenure_n but_o if_o they_o once_o come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o common_a person_n there_o if_o the_o feoffor_a do_v not_o reserve_v a_o tenure_n the_o law_n will_n before_o the_o statute_n of_o quia_fw-la emptores_fw-la terrarum_fw-la if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n and_o reserve_v no_o tenure_n the_o law_n do_v imply_v a_o tenure_n and_o the_o feoffee_n hold_v of_o the_o feoffor_a by_o such_o service_n as_o the_o feoffor_a hold_v over_o upon_o a_o feoffment_n make_v after_o that_o statute_n if_o no_o tenure_n be_v express_v the_o law_n will_v imply_v a_o tenure_n de_fw-fr capitalibus_fw-la dominis_fw-la and_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o common_a person_n so_o in_o the_o king_n case_n in_o every_o grant_n wherein_o feesimple_n pass_v there_o must_v be_v a_o tenure_n either_o express_v or_o imply_v of_o such_o necessity_n be_v the_o reservation_n of_o a_o tenure_n in_o the_o king_n grant_v that_o although_o the_o king_n shall_v grant_v land_n without_o any_o reservation_n of_o tenure_n or_o by_o express_a word_n absque_fw-la aliquo_fw-la inde_fw-la reddendo_fw-la yet_o the_o law_n will_v create_v a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la 33._o h._n 6._o 7._o 6._o coke_n 7_o wheelers_n case_n 9_o coke_n 123._o anthony_n allows_v case_n 14._o h._n 6._o 12._o the_o abbot_n of_o st._n bartholomewes_n case_n the_o king_n grant_v land_n in_o fee_n tenendum_fw-la cy_fw-fr frankement_n come_fw-mi le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr esten_v son_n corone_n yet_o the_o patentee_n shall_v hold_v in_o capite_fw-la for_o it_o be_v vest_v in_o the_o king_n by_o his_o prerogative_n and_o can_v be_v extinct_a it_o be_v so_o inseparable_a it_o can_v be_v release_v in_o anthony_n allows_v case_n the_o king_n grant_v or_o release_v the_o service_n to_o his_o tenant_n and_o his_o heir_n this_o release_n can_v extinguish_v the_o tenure_n in_o all_o though_o where_o the_o tenure_n be_v by_o common_a knight_n service_n or_o socage_n it_o extinguish_v all_o the_o service_n but_o that_o only_a which_o be_v a_o incident_a inseparable_a to_o every_o tenure_n viz._n fealty_n and_o all_o for_o this_o reason_n because_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o a_o tenure_n and_o the_o king_n charter_n do_v not_o alter_v the_o law_n the_o tenure_n and_o service_n be_v part_n and_o parcel_n of_o the_o manor_n and_o shall_v go_v with_o the_o manor_n and_o descend_v as_o the_o manor_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o mother_n although_o it_o be_v new_o create_v 5._o e._n 2._o avowry_n 207._o beside_o consider_v the_o tenure_n in_o the_o commencement_n and_o fruit_n of_o it_o it_o be_v ever_o inherent_a in_o and_o relative_n to_o the_o land_n the_o commencement_n of_o the_o tenure_n s._n the_o form_n of_o do_v homage_n and_o fealty_n be_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v faithful_a and_o true_a for_o the_o land_n that_o he_o hold_v the_o fruit_n of_o the_o tenure_n what_o be_v they_o but_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n wardship_n livery_n primer_n seisin_n relief_n fine_a for_o alienation_n and_o the_o rest_n and_o therefore_o where_o the_o land_n and_o signiory_n meet_v in_o a_o equal_a estate_n and_o right_a in_o the_o same_o person_n the_o signiory_n by_o unity_n of_o possession_n be_v extinguish_v and_o there_o be_v two_o reason_n give_v of_o that_o extinguishment_n 1._o because_o the_o signiory_n that_o be_v
time_n it_o be_v probable_a the_o law_n of_o both_o nation_n do_v not_o much_o differ_v as_o for_o the_o time_n after_o it_o appear_v they_o do_v not_o by_o compare_v their_o regiam_fw-la majestatem_fw-la and_o our_o glanvill_n neither_o be_v the_o bare_a conjecture_n of_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n sufficient_a to_o take_v away_o the_o force_n of_o those_o law_n vid._n spelman_n glossar_n verbo_fw-la feudum_fw-la upon_o all_o this_o they_o do_v conclude_v that_o upon_o consideration_n of_o the_o authority_n give_v and_o grant_v thereupon_o make_v the_o reservation_n of_o the_o tenure_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v aliud_fw-la s._n a_o separate_a and_o distinct_a thing_n from_o the_o authority_n of_o grant_v the_o land_n but_o rather_o include_v within_o it_o and_o that_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o tenure_n though_o it_o be_v not_o ipsa_fw-la concessio_fw-la the_o grant_n itself_o yet_o it_o be_v modus_fw-la concessionis_fw-la and_o a_o part_n of_o the_o grant_n and_o that_o therefore_o the_o authority_n be_v not_o pursue_v in_o that_o the_o whole_a grant_n be_v void_a 5._o and_o so_o it_o be_v resolve_v for_o these_o reason_n and_o upon_o these_o authority_n 1._o the_o main_a and_o principal_a reason_n why_o they_o do_v resolve_v that_o the_o letter_n patent_n be_v void_a in_o the_o whole_a be_v because_o that_o here_o the_o commissioner_n have_v but_o a_o authority_n and_o that_o authority_n they_o have_v not_o pursue_v by_o the_o commission_n they_o be_v to_o grant_v the_o land_n and_o to_o reserve_v a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o to_o leave_v the_o reservation_n to_o the_o la_o now_o there_o be_v a_o tenure_n by_o common_a knight_n service_n reserve_v so_o they_o have_v execute_v their_o authority_n in_o another_o manner_n than_o the_o commission_n warrant_v they_o have_v do_v idem_fw-la alio_fw-la modo_fw-la and_o therefore_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o book_n before_o cite_v the_o whole_a grant_n be_v void_a it_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o that_o if_o the_o commissioner_n here_o have_v grant_v the_o land_n reserve_v a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la the_o patent_n will_v have_v be_v good_a and_o effectual_a or_o if_o they_o have_v grant_v the_o land_n and_o reserve_v no_o tenure_n there_o because_o the_o law_n in_o that_o case_n will_v raise_v a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la such_o a_o grant_n will_v have_v be_v good_a and_o well_o warrant_v by_o the_o commission_n 2._o this_o commission_n be_v a_o nude_v authority_n for_o the_o interest_n be_v in_o the_o king_n and_o the_o commissioner_n have_v only_o a_o bare_a authority_n to_o grant_v and_o therefore_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v pursue_v most_o strict_o both_o in_o matter_n and_o manner_n and_o the_o execution_n of_o it_o be_v to_o be_v expound_v strict_o this_o answeres_fw-la all_o the_o case_n that_o have_v be_v put_v on_o the_o other_o side_n where_o a_o authority_n in_o some_o sort_n may_v be_v execute_v alio_fw-la modo_fw-la and_o yet_o good_a as_o the_o case_n of_o stanton_n and_o barnes_n where_o by_o custom_n the_o lord_n may_v grant_v copy-holds_a in_o fee_n and_o he_o grant_v a_o lesser_a estate_n simple_o or_o a_o lesser_a estate_n with_o a_o remainder_n over_o and_o the_o other_o report_n that_o have_v be_v cite_v between_o down_n and_o hopkins_n where_o the_o custom_n be_v to_o grant_v copy_n for_o two_o life_n and_o he_o grant_v to_o the_o husband_n for_o life_n and_o after_o to_o the_o wife_n durante_fw-la viduitate_fw-la the_o case_n of_o hat_n and_o arrowsmyth_n where_o a_o copyholder_n for_o life_n be_v license_v to_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n si_fw-la tam_fw-la diu_fw-la vixerit_fw-la and_o he_o make_v a_o lease_n absolute_o without_o that_o limitation_n the_o case_n of_o baron_n &_o feme_fw-fr make_v a_o lease_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o h._n 8._o the_o case_n of_o 3._o h._n 7._o where_o upon_o a_o licence_n to_o grant_v a_o annuity_n he_o grant_v it_o with_o clause_n of_o distress_n and_o yet_o for_o that_o case_n see_v the_o case_n of_o suttons_n hospital_n 10._o coke_n the_o case_n of_o priddle_n and_o napper_n and_o all_o the_o other_o case_n that_o have_v be_v put_v upon_o this_o ground_n for_o in_o all_o those_o case_n there_o be_v a_o interest_n couple_v with_o the_o authority_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v compare_v to_o this_o case_n in_o which_o there_o be_v only_o a_o mere_a and_o a_o bare_a authority_n 3._o this_o commission_n be_v a_o public_a authority_n of_o record_n to_o which_o the_o subject_n may_v resort_v and_o of_o which_o they_o ought_v to_o take_v notice_n to_o pass_v according_a the_o commission_n at_o their_o peril_n and_o therefore_o if_o either_o through_o ignorance_n or_o carelessness_n or_o otherwise_o they_o neglect_v to_o have_v their_o patent_n draw_v pursuant_n to_o the_o commission_n the_o fault_n be_v their_o own_o they_o can_v transfer_v the_o blame_n of_o this_o to_o the_o king_n as_o in_o like_a case_n it_o be_v resolve_v upon_o the_o commission_n of_o bankrupt_n 2._o coke_n 26._o so_o at_o the_o common_a law_n a_o patent_n without_o recital_n of_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n of_o record_n be_v void_a for_o the_o subject_n may_v resort_v to_o the_o public_a record_n the_o king_n intend_v ardua_fw-la regni_fw-la this_o answer_v the_o objection_n touch_v even_o that_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n that_o have_v be_v speak_v of_o and_o clear_v his_o performance_n of_o his_o part_n in_o this_o case_n for_o the_o king_n in_o favour_n of_o his_o subject_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v grant_v a_o good_a and_o gracious_a and_o effectual_a commission_n upon_o which_o many_o legal_a and_o good_a and_o effectual_a letter_n patent_n have_v be_v make_v that_o have_v be_v allow_v and_o approve_v for_o good_a but_o if_o upon_o this_o commission_n so_o good_a and_o gracious_a for_o the_o subject_n the_o subject_n shall_v contrary_v to_o the_o authority_n give_v by_o the_o commission_n obtain_v letter_n patent_n in_o fraud_n and_o deceit_n of_o the_o crown_n to_o defeat_v the_o king_n of_o his_o tenor_n in_o capite_fw-la a_o principal_a flower_n of_o his_o crown_n if_o these_o letter_n patent_n be_v void_a where_o be_v the_o fault_n certain_o in_o the_o subject_n that_o contrary_a to_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o commission_n obtain_v this_o grant_n in_o deceit_n of_o the_o king_n to_o defeat_v he_o of_o his_o tenure_n which_o be_v but_o a_o ill_a return_n for_o so_o great_a and_o gracious_a a_o bounty_n and_o that_o objection_n of_o the_o operation_n of_o law_n answer_v not_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n in_o this_o case_n for_o plain_o and_o apparent_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o patentee_n be_v to_o suppress_v the_o king_n tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o to_o hold_v by_o a_o mean_a and_o inferior_a tenure_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o commission_n and_o in_o deceit_n and_o prejudice_n of_o the_o king_n now_o that_o patent_n obtain_v in_o deceit_n and_o prejudice_n of_o the_o king_n be_v clear_o and_o whole_o and_o utter_o void_a to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n be_v a_o ground_n so_o obvious_a so_o positive_a and_o infallible_o true_a that_o they_o will_v not_o cite_v any_o book_n or_o authority_n to_o prove_v it_o for_o it_o be_v marvellous_a clear_a and_o grant_v of_o all_o side_n that_o patent_n obtain_v in_o deceit_n and_o prejudice_n of_o the_o king_n be_v altogether_o void_a if_o any_o desire_v a_o authority_n he_o may_v have_v a_o cloud_n of_o authority_n in_o the_o case_n of_o alton_n wood_n coke_n 1._o report_n 4._o this_o be_v a_o authority_n appear_v within_o the_o body_n of_o the_o record_n of_o the_o letter_n patent_n themselves_o for_o the_o letter_n patent_n be_v ex_fw-la assensu_fw-la of_o such_o and_o such_o commissioner_n virtute_fw-la &_o secundum_fw-la intentionem_fw-la commissionis_fw-la etc._n etc._n now_o the_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v as_o strong_o imply_v in_o the_o commission_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v express_v as_o it_o have_v be_v confess_v of_o the_o other_o part_n for_o it_o be_v upon_o this_o implication_n that_o they_o say_v the_o patent_n be_v void_a for_o the_o tenure_n it_o be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o the_o king_n have_v give_v commission_n to_o grant_v the_o land_n to_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la and_o not_o otherwise_o now_o in_o so_o much_o as_o the_o commissioner_n have_v grant_v the_o land_n in_o other_o manner_n and_o all_o this_o appear_v within_o the_o body_n of_o the_o record_n of_o the_o letter_n patent_n themselves_o the_o patent_n be_v void_a in_o the_o whole_a for_o construction_n be_v to_o be_v make_v upon_o the_o whole_a patent_n and_o not_o upon_o any_o part_n of_o it_o distinct_a as_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o buckler_n case_n 2_o coke_n 55._o and_o this_o hitherto_o have_v be_v always_o the_o constant_a resolution_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o ireland_n our_o predecessor_n that_o if_o
upon_o the_o same_o reason_n it_o be_v adjudge_v in_o b._n r._n between_o one_o hag_n and_o cross_n 33_o et_fw-la 34._o eliz._n which_o you_o may_v see_v in_o buckler_n case_n 2._o coke_n 55._o where_o the_o case_n be_v tenant_n for_o life_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n and_o after_o grant_v the_o reversion_n to_o a._n habendum_fw-la from_o a_o day_n to_o come_v for_o life_n after_o the_o day_n the_o lessee_n for_o year_n attorn_n in_o that_o case_n the_o habendum_fw-la be_v void_a yet_o that_o void_a habendum_fw-la make_v void_a the_o whole_a grant_n and_o exclude_v the_o implication_n of_o law_n in_o the_o premise_n and_o no_o estate_n shall_v pass_v by_o implication_n of_o law_n in_o the_o premise_n against_o the_o express_a limitation_n of_o the_o party_n in_o the_o habendum_fw-la see_v the_o case_n cite_v before_o p._n 26._o so_o our_o tenendum_fw-la although_o it_o be_v void_a yet_o the_o express_a reservation_n in_o the_o tenendum_fw-la shall_v exclude_v the_o implication_n of_o law._n for_o that_o opinion_n of_o martin_n in_o 4._o h._n 6._o 22._o that_o be_v cite_v on_o the_o other_o part_n that_o if_o land_n be_v give_v in_o frankmarriage_n reserve_v a_o rent_n the_o reservation_n of_o the_o rent_n be_v void_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o employ_v tenure_n in_o frankmarriage_n that_o opinion_n as_o be_v say_v may_v well_o be_v doubt_v of_o for_o we_o find_v as_o good_a authority_n against_o it_o in_o the_o old_a tenor_n fol._n 211_o that_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o rent_n be_v good_a and_o destroy_v the_o frankmariage_n and_o make_v it_o a_o common_a estate_n tail_n but_o the_o best_a opinion_n be_v that_o both_o of_o they_o shall_v stand_v together_o s._n the_o gift_n in_o frankmarriage_n and_o also_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o rent_n s._n that_o the_o donce_n in_o frankmarriage_n shall_v hold_v quit_v of_o the_o rent_n until_o the_o four_o degree_n be_v past_a and_o then_o the_o rent_n shall_v take_v effect_n and_o so_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o judge_n in_o webb_n and_o potter_n case_n in_o 24._o eliz._n and_o so_o be_v the_o book_n to_o be_v understand_v 13._o e._n 1._o formedon_n 63._o 31._o e._n 1._o tail_n 31._o 26._o e._n 3._o grant_n 75._o et_fw-la 26._o ass_n 66._o for_o the_o case_n of_o littleton_n 140._o a_o man_n seize_v of_o certain_a tenement_n which_o he_o hold_v of_o his_o lord_n by_o knight_n service_n at_o this_o day_n grant_v by_o licence_n the_o same_o tenement_n to_o a_o abbot_n in_o frankalmoigne_n the_o abbot_n shall_v hold_v immediate_o by_o knight_n service_n of_o the_o same_o lord_n of_o who_o his_o grantor_n hold_v and_o shall_v not_o hold_v of_o his_o grantor_n in_o frankalmoigne_n in_o that_o case_n they_o say_v the_o express_a tenure_n be_v void_a a_o tenure_n by_o implication_n of_o law_n do_v arise_v it_o be_v answer_v there_o be_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o king_n case_n which_o it_o the_o case_n in_o question_n and_o the_o case_n of_o a_o common_a person_n for_o the_o grant_v of_o a_o common_a person_n the_o rule_n of_o law_n be_v that_o the_o grant_n shall_v be_v take_v most_o strong_o against_o the_o grantor_n for_o the_o king_n grant_v the_o rule_n be_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v take_v most_o beneficial_o for_o the_o king_n and_o most_o strong_a against_o the_o patentee_n and_o we_o have_v another_o rule_n that_o the_o grant_v of_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o be_v extend_v to_o pass_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o king_n express_v in_o his_o grant_n and_o if_o the_o grant_n can_v take_v effect_n according_a to_o his_o intent_n express_v in_o his_o grant_n the_o grant_n be_v void_a and_o therefore_o for_o the_o rule_v put_v by_o they_o that_o argue_v on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o the_o patent_n of_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o such_o sense_n and_o to_o such_o intent_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v good_a etc._n etc._n it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o there_o be_v another_o ground_n in_o our_o law_n that_o when_o the_o king_n be_v deceive_v in_o his_o grant_n so_o that_o it_o can_v take_v effect_n according_a to_o his_o intent_n express_v in_o his_o grant_n the_o grant_n be_v void_a so_o the_o best_a a_o exposition_n be_v to_o make_v all_o these_o rule_n to_o agree_v together_o and_o therefore_o the_o rule_v put_v on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v true_a with_o this_o limitation_n s._n except_o the_o king_n be_v deceive_v so_o that_o his_o grant_n can_v take_v such_o effect_n as_o he_o intend_v by_o his_o express_a grant_n in_o the_o lord_n lovell_n case_n 18._o h._n 8._o b._n pat._n 104._o the_o king_n excerta_fw-la scientia_fw-la et_fw-la mero_fw-la motu_fw-la grant_v land_n to_o one_o and_o to_o his_o heir_n male_n if_o a_o common_a person_n have_v make_v such_o a_o grant_n the_o law_n will_v say_v that_o the_o word_n male_n be_v void_a and_o the_o fee_n simple_a shall_v pass_v but_o will_v the_o law_n make_v such_o a_o construction_n in_o the_o king_n grant_n no_o there_o the_o grant_n shall_v be_v void_a for_o he_o be_v deceive_v in_o his_o grant_n in_o that_o it_o can_v take_v effect_n according_a to_o his_o intent_n express_v in_o his_o letter_n patent_n and_o so_o in_o the_o case_n of_o 7._o h._n 4._o 42._o &_o 21._o e._n 3._o 47._o the_o earl_n of_o kent_n case_n if_o the_o king_n have_v a_o ward_n of_o land_n or_o a_o lease_n of_o land_n for_o year_n and_o by_o his_o letter_n patent_n grant_v the_o land_n to_o another_o and_o his_o heir_n the_o grant_n be_v void_a and_o it_o shall_v not_o amount_v by_o construction_n to_o a_o grant_n of_o his_o estate_n or_o interest_n vid._n 21._o ass_n 15._o and_o the_o other_o book_n cite_v in_o the_o case_n of_o alton_n wood_n upon_o this_o ground_n 29_o eliz._n in_o the_o exchequer_n the_o case_n be_v king_n h._n 7._o be_v seize_v of_o two_o manor_n s._n de_fw-fr ryton_n et_fw-la condor_fw-la he_o grant_v ex_fw-la certa_fw-la scientia_fw-la et_fw-la mero_fw-la motu_fw-la totum_fw-la illud_fw-la manerium_fw-la de_fw-la ryton_n et_fw-la condor_fw-la adjudge_v that_o the_o grant_n be_v void_a the_o like_a case_n be_v resolve_v 39_o eliz._n where_o the_o queen_n be_v seize_v of_o the_o manor_n of_o millborne_n and_o saperton_n in_o the_o county_n of_o lincoln_n and_o the_o queen_n grant_v ex_fw-la certa_fw-la scientia_fw-la &_o mero_fw-la motu_fw-la totum_fw-la illud_fw-la manerium_fw-la de_fw-la millborne_n cum_fw-la saperton_n in_o com_n linc_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o neither_o of_o the_o manor_n do_v pass_v and_o yet_o if_o a_o common_a person_n have_v make_v such_o grant_n the_o grantee_n in_o both_o the_o say_a case_n shall_v have_v have_v both_o the_o manor_n so_o in_o our_o case_n the_o king_n be_v deceive_v in_o his_o grant_n in_o that_o his_o grant_n can_v take_v effect_n according_a to_o his_o intention_n therein_o express_v for_o the_o king_n intention_n be_v to_o make_v a_o grant_v agreeable_a in_o all_o thing_n to_o the_o authority_n give_v to_o the_o commissioner_n by_o the_o say_a commission_n and_o that_o appear_v plain_o by_o the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o letter_n patent_n for_o the_o word_n be_v sciatis_fw-la quod_fw-la nos_fw-la etc._n etc._n virtute_fw-la ac_fw-la secundum_fw-la intentionem_fw-la et_fw-la effectum_fw-la of_o the_o say_a commission_n dedimus_fw-la et_fw-la concessimus_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o in_o the_o patent_n and_o he_o conceive_v that_o the_o warrant_v make_v by_o the_o commissioner_n for_o pass_v the_o patent_n which_o here_o we_o call_v the_o fiant_fw-la have_v be_v according_a to_o the_o intent_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o say_a commission_n and_o upon_o that_o warrant_n which_o exceed_v the_o authority_n give_v to_o the_o commissioner_n this_o patent_n be_v past_a yet_o still_o with_o a_o reference_n to_o the_o intention_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o commission_n now_o this_o grant_n can_v by_o any_o possibility_n take_v effect_n according_a to_o the_o king_n intention_n therein_o express_v for_o the_o king_n intention_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o grant_n be_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v according_a to_o the_o intention_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o commission_n which_o must_v be_v a_o tenure_n by_o knight_n service_n in_o capite_fw-la either_o by_o express_a reservation_n or_o by_o implication_n and_o operation_n of_o law._n and_o the_o tenure_n reserve_v in_o the_o patent_n be_v a_o tenure_n by_o common_a knight_n service_n as_o of_o the_o castle_n of_o dublyn_n differ_v altogether_o from_o the_o intention_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o commission_n so_o as_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a that_o this_o tenure_n express_o reserve_v can_v be_v according_a to_o the_o intention_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o commission_n or_o that_o the_o intent_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o commission_n can_v any_o way_n acoord_v with_o the_o tenure_n express_o reserve_v in_o the_o patent_n so_o as_o it_o
because_o that_o the_o authority_n appear_v within_o the_o letter_n patent_n themselves_o and_o exposition_n shall_v be_v make_v upon_o the_o whole_a patent_n 5._o although_o it_o be_v a_o most_o ample_a and_o large_a commission_n yet_o it_o be_v bound_v and_o circumscribe_v by_o the_o law_n with_o a_o equal_a construction_n s._n that_o nothing_o shall_v be_v do_v in_o other_o manner_n than_o the_o authority_n warrant_v in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o king_n 6._o because_o that_o this_o reservation_n of_o a_o mean_a tenure_n be_v in_o other_o manner_n than_o the_o authority_n warrant_v and_o be_v in_o damage_n and_o prejudice_n of_o the_o king_n 7._o and_o last_o because_o that_o this_o express_a reservation_n control_v the_o implication_n of_o law_n and_o for_o that_o the_o king_n be_v deceive_v in_o his_o grant_n in_o that_o it_o can_v take_v effect_n according_a to_o his_o intention_n therein_o express_v for_o these_o reason_n they_o do_v resolve_v that_o this_o express_a reservation_n of_o a_o mean_a tenure_n tend_v to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o whole_a patent_n and_o make_v it_o void_a in_o law_n both_o to_o the_o land_n and_o to_o the_o tenure_n the_o order_n of_o the_o council_n board_n upon_o this_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n by_o the_o lord_n deputy_n and_o council_n wentworth_n whereas_o there_o be_v a_o act_n of_o council_n make_v at_o this_o board_n and_o date_v at_o the_o abbey_n of_o boyle_n the_o eleaventh_n day_n of_o july_n 1635._o ordain_v and_o establish_v that_o the_o lord_n knight_n gentleman_n and_o inhabitant_n their_o heir_n and_o assign_v hold_v any_o castle_n manor_n land_n tenement_n or_o other_o haereditament_n in_o the_o county_n of_o roscoman_n by_o or_o under_o any_o effectual_a letter_n patent_n from_o his_o majesty_n or_o any_o of_o his_o royal_a predecessor_n king_n or_o queen_n of_o england_n shall_v have_v hold_v possess_v and_o enjoy_v all_o the_o say_a castle_n manor_n land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n of_o what_o kind_n or_o nature_n soever_o they_o be_v to_o they_o and_o to_o every_o of_o they_o and_o to_o those_o who_o hold_v any_o estate_n under_o they_o against_o his_o majesty_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n in_o as_o full_a large_a ample_a free_a and_o beneficial_a manner_n to_o all_o intent_n purpose_n and_o construction_n as_o if_o the_o truth_n of_o their_o several_a case_n and_o their_o several_a letter_n patent_n pass_v thereupon_o have_v be_v special_o find_v in_o the_o great_a office_n then_o to_o be_v take_v for_o find_v his_o majesty_n title_n to_o the_o say_a county_n and_o their_o letter_n patent_n according_o enter_v in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la in_o the_o say_a office_n so_o that_o they_o do_v produce_v their_o say_a several_a letter_n patent_n or_o the_o enrollment_n thereof_o before_o we_o the_o lord_n deputy_n and_o council_n at_o this_o board_n before_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o then_o next_o easter_n term_n and_o that_o no_o possession_n shall_v be_v take_v from_o any_o such_o patentee_n or_o their_o assign_n or_o tenant_n who_o patent_n shall_v be_v at_o this_o board_n allow_v to_o be_v good_a and_o effectual_a in_o law_n and_o whereas_o the_o like_a act_n of_o council_n be_v make_v at_o this_o board_n for_o the_o several_a county_n of_o slygo_n mayo_n and_o gallway_n and_o the_o county_n of_o the_o town_n of_o gallway_n and_o whereas_o several_a letter_n patent_n pass_v under_o his_o majesty_n great_a seal_n of_o divers_a land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n in_o the_o say_v several_a county_n by_o colour_n of_o a_o commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n date_v the_o second_o day_n of_o march_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o his_o majesty_n royal_a father_n king_n james_n of_o bless_a memory_n be_v present_v unto_o we_o at_o this_o board_n which_o be_v take_v into_o consideration_n by_o we_o we_o think_v fit_a for_o our_o better_a information_n of_o the_o validity_n of_o the_o say_a letter_n patent_n to_o call_v before_o we_o some_o of_o those_o who_o claim_v by_o those_o letter_n patent_n as_o namely_o our_o very_a good_a lord_n the_o viscount_n dillon_n of_o costillogallen_n who_o we_o appoint_v to_o attend_v we_o with_o his_o learned_a council_n therein_o which_o he_o do_v according_o whereupon_o his_o majesty_n learned_a council_n and_o the_o council_n learn_v of_o the_o say_a lord_n dillon_n agree_v upon_o a_o case_n draw_v up_o by_o they_o to_o be_v argue_v by_o they_o on_o both_o side_n before_o we_o which_o case_n follow_v in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la king_n james_n by_o commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n date_v the_o second_o day_n of_o march_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v authorise_v certain_a commissioner_n to_o grant_v the_o manor_n of_o dale_n by_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o this_o kingdom_n to_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n and_o there_o be_v no_o direction_n give_v in_o the_o say_a commission_n touch_v the_o tenure_n to_o be_v reserve_v there_o be_v letter_n patent_n by_o colour_n of_o the_o say_a commission_n pass_v unto_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n to_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o the_o twenty_o part_n of_o etc._n etc._n as_o of_o his_o majesty_n castle_n of_o dublyn_n the_o question_n be_v whither_o the_o say_v letter_n patent_n be_v void_a in_o the_o whole_a or_o only_o to_o the_o tenure_n upon_o which_o case_n his_o majesty_n learned_a council_n and_o the_o learned_a council_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o say_a viscount_n dillon_n argue_v before_o we_o several_a day_n and_o we_o desirous_a to_o take_v such_o a_o resolution_n in_o the_o matter_n as_o may_v be_v equal_a and_o just_a hold_v fit_a to_o advise_v therein_o withal_o his_o majesty_n judge_n who_o not_o agree_v unanimous_o in_o opinion_n we_o adjudge_v it_o fit_a that_o every_o of_o they_o shall_v argue_v it_o and_o deliver_v his_o judgement_n and_o opinion_n therein_o before_o we_o which_o they_o do_v according_o wherein_o five_o of_o they_o viz._n the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o king_n bench_n the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o common_a plea_n the_o lo_o chief_a baron_n of_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o exchequer_n baron_n barry_n and_o justice_n rives_n concur_v in_o opinion_n clear_o that_o the_o letter_n patent_n be_v void_a in_o the_o whole_a and_o two_o only_a viz._n justice_n mayart_n and_o justice_n cressy_n differ_v from_o those_o five_o in_o opinion_n hold_v that_o the_o letter_n patent_n be_v only_o void_a as_o to_o the_o tenure_n we_o thereupon_o take_v the_o same_o into_o consideration_n at_o this_o board_n do_v hereby_o adjudge_v order_n and_o declare_v that_o the_o say_v letter_n patent_n be_v whole_o void_a in_o law_n and_o consequent_o that_o all_o such_o letter_n patent_n pass_v under_o colour_n of_o the_o say_a commission_n and_o that_o mention_v the_o parcel_n grant_v to_o be_v hold_v by_o knight_n service_n as_o of_o his_o majesty_n castle_n of_o dublyn_n or_o by_o any_o tenure_n other_o then_o by_o knight_n service_n in_o capite_fw-la general_o be_v not_o good_a effectual_a or_o valid_a in_o law_n but_o void_a in_o the_o whole_a and_o therefore_o we_o do_v at_o this_o board_n disallow_v all_o such_o letter_n patent_n so_o grant_v as_o aforesaid_a of_o any_o land_n tenement_n or_o hereditament_n in_o any_o of_o the_o say_a county_n of_o roscoman_n slygo_n mayo_n gallway_n or_o the_o county_n of_o the_o town_n of_o gallway_n give_v at_o his_o majesty_n castle_n of_o dublyn_n 13._o july_n 1637._o r._n dillon_n ad._n loftus_n w._n parson_n gerr._n lowther_n r._n bolton_n chr._n wandesford_n ph._n mainwaring_n cha._n coote_n geo._n radcliffe_n the_o end_n