ll._n canuti_n c._n 13._o 14._o into_o his_o place_n which_o power_n of_o depose_v earl_n and_o other_o officer_n appear_v to_o have_v be_v vest_v in_o their_o folkmotes_n by_o express_a provision_n of_o diverse_a law_n both_o of_o the_o saxon_a and_o danish_a king_n i_o confess_v in_o the_o case_n of_o earl_n tosty_o sax._n chr._n p._n 171._o be_v say_v that_o after_o the_o people_n have_v so_o elect_v morker_n to_o be_v their_o earl_n they_o certify_v their_o election_n to_o the_o king_n and_o entreat_v his_o assent_n thereto_o to_o which_o the_o king_n yield_v and_o on_o the_o vigil_n of_o simon_n and_o judas_n send_v they_o a_o confirmation_n or_o renewal_n of_o the_o law_n of_o king_n canute_n i_o e._n that_o for_o depose_v earl_n etc._n etc._n this_o show_v that_o though_o the_o king_n have_v the_o power_n of_o confirm_v the_o earl_n in_o his_o office_n yet_o he_o can_v not_o of_o himself_o appoint_v any_o earl_n over_o the_o people_n without_o their_o own_o free_a election_n and_o consent_n in_o a_o folkmote_a or_o county_n parliament_n now_o vide_fw-la edu._n cons_n 32._o 35._o as_o all_o title_n and_o dignity_n in_o the_o saxon_a plan_n of_o government_n have_v both_o officium_fw-la and_o benesicium_fw-la annex_v thereto_o so_o there_o be_v diverse_a previous_a qualification_n necessary_a to_o enable_v the_o person_n to_o be_v elect_v to_o such_o dignity_n or_o office_n thus_o in_o order_n to_o be_v a_o great_a thanes-worthy_a qualification_n and_o election_n of_o peer_n etc._n etc._n or_o worthy_a to_o be_v elect_v one_o of_o the_o great_a thanes_z i._n e._n lord_n of_o a_o hundred_o he_o be_v to_o have_v such_o a_o estate_n and_o to_o be_v a_o earl_n or_o alderman's-worthy_a or_o worthy_a to_o be_v elect_v a_o earl_n or_o alderman_n of_o a_o county_n he_o be_v to_o have_v such_o a_o estate_n with_o other_o qualification_n respect_v each_o office_n so_o that_o three_o thing_n at_o least_o aught_o to_o concur_v in_o constitute_v a_o alderman_n or_o earl_n of_o a_o county_n as_o also_o of_o a_o great_a thane_n or_o lord_n of_o a_o hundred_o both_v which_o with_o the_o bishop_n then_o make_v up_o the_o body_n of_o their_o ordinary_a folkmotes_n and_o witenagemote_n viz._n one_a he_o be_v to_o have_v a_o estate_n in_o land_n with_o other_o qualification_n second_o the_o election_n and_o consent_n of_o such_o freeman_n over_o who_o he_o be_v to_o preside_v and_o three_o the_o royal_a assent_n or_o confirmation_n usual_o in_o parliament_n and_o further_o as_o all_o the_o magnates_fw-la regni_fw-la who_o ordinary_o be_v representative_n of_o the_o people_n that_o bishop_n be_v elect_v by_o the_o people_n even_o after_o the_o conquest_n see_v sadler_n rigts_fw-fr of_o the_o kingdom_n p._n 1178._o 133._o 134._o 140._o etc._n etc._n and_o all_o other_o officer_n and_o magistrate_n whether_o civil_a or_o military_a and_o even_o ecclesiastical_a as_o bishop_n etc._n etc._n be_v in_o those_o time_n elect_v to_o their_o respective_a office_n by_o the_o person_n over_o who_o they_o be_v to_o preside_v so_o they_o be_v liable_a for_o misbehaviour_n in_o their_o office_n not_o only_o to_o a_o deprivation_n but_o also_o to_o be_v otherwise_o censure_v and_o punish_v in_o their_o folkmotes_n and_o other_o convention_n and_o consequent_o be_v under_o the_o strict_a guard_n to_o keep_v to_o their_o duty_n and_o perform_v their_o trust_n both_o in_o their_o folkmotes_n or_o county_n parliament_n as_o also_o in_o the_o grand_a witenagemote_a or_o supreme_a parliament_n and_o though_o such_o officer_n preside_v in_o the_o former_a as_o their_o prince_n or_o king_n yet_o in_o the_o latter_a he_o be_v but_o their_o representative_a and_o thus_o the_o magnates_fw-la regni_fw-la nota._n or_o lord_n of_o parliament_n be_v original_o and_o ordinary_o no_o other_o than_o the_o representative_n of_o the_o commons_o or_o freeman_n be_v true_a in_o extraordinary_a case_n spel._n glos_n verbo_fw-la subsidium_fw-la as_o in_o grant_v of_o new_a aid_n or_o tax_n as_o danegelt_n etc._n etc._n the_o commons_o likewise_o attend_v in_o parliament_n either_o in_o person_n or_o by_o their_o deputy_n special_o authorize_v but_o such_o aid_n and_o tax_n be_v then_o very_o rare_a see_v mr._n madox_n hist_n exchequer_n c._n 7._o 8_o 9_o etc._n etc._n the_o crown_n in_o those_o time_n be_v abundant_o supply_v in_o ordinary_a case_n by_o its_o rent_n and_o revenue_n both_o certain_a and_o casual_a as_o fine_n forfeiture_n escheat_n the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o profit_n of_o all_o leet_n hundred_o counties_n and_o other_o court_n aid_n to_o make_v the_o be_v elder_a son_n a_o knight_n vide_fw-la paulus_n manut._n de_fw-fr legihus_fw-la romanis_n to_o marry_v his_o elder_a daughter_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v of_o a_o british_a or_o roman_a original_a beside_o which_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o vast_a profit_n and_o revenue_n then_o arise_v from_o the_o ancient_a demesne_n and_o other_o crown_n land_n we_o may_v easy_o grant_v that_o the_o king_n have_v rare_o any_o occasion_n for_o extraordinary_a aid_n for_o the_o tenant_n of_o those_o land_n spel._n glos_n verbo_fw-la villenagium_fw-la hold_v the_o same_o in_o villeinage_n and_o they_o themselves_o be_v esteem_v as_o the_o villani_n regis_fw-la the_o king_n can_v not_o only_o tax_v they_o at_o his_o pleasure_n but_o also_o appoint_v they_o what_o officer_n and_o magistrate_n and_o even_o out_o they_o of_o their_o possession_n as_o he_o please_v and_o therefore_o tenant_n in_o ancient_a demesne_n while_o they_o continue_v such_o 〈◊〉_d be_v never_o esteem_v freeman_n they_o never_o serve_v on_o jury_n never_o vote_v for_o member_n of_o parliament_n nor_o ever_o contribute_v to_o their_o expense_n in_o short_a they_o be_v think_v to_o be_v so_o far_o under_o the_o power_n and_o influence_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o not_o to_o be_v in_o any_o wise_a entrust_v with_o the_o people_n liberty_n sir_n h._n spelman_n in_o his_o glossary_n in_o verbo_fw-la subsidium_fw-la p._n 527._o say_v thus_o i_o find_v not_o that_o the_o ancient_a saxon_n king_n have_v any_o subsidy_n etc._n etc._n but_o they_o have_v many_o custom_n whereby_o they_o levy_v money_n of_o the_o people_n or_o personal_a service_n towards_o building_n repair_v of_o city_n castle_n bridges_n military_a expedition_n etc._n etc._n call_v burgbote_n bridgebote_fw-ge herefare_n heregeld_n etc._n etc._n but_o when_o the_o dane_n oppress_v the_o land_n king_n egelrede_n or_o ethelred_n anno_fw-la 1007_o yield_v in_o a_o parliament_n to_o pay_v they_o 10000_o l._n which_o be_v afterward_o increase_v to_o 36000_o l._n then_o to_o 113000_o l._n and_o last_o note_v this_o assessment_n be_v doubtless_o with_o consent_n of_o the_o commons_o q._n if_o churchman_n be_v not_o procuratores_fw-la aut_fw-la participes_fw-la danici_n subsidii_fw-la to_o a_o yearly_a tax_n or_o tribute_n of_o 48000_o l._n this_o be_v call_v danegeld_v and_o for_o raise_v it_o every_o hide_n or_o plough_n of_o land_n be_v cess_v at_o 12_o d._n yearly_a the_o church-land_n except_v which_o therefore_o be_v call_v hydage_n and_o carvage_a which_o name_n afterward_o remain_v upon_o all_o subsidy_n and_o tax_n impose_v upon_o land_n for_o sometime_o it_o be_v impose_v upon_o cattle_n and_o than_o be_v call_v horngle_v but_o though_o the_o saxon_a witenagemote_n be_v so_o ordinary_o hold_v per_fw-la regem_fw-la cum_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la regni_fw-la yet_o it_o be_v very_o evident_a that_o when_o any_o matter_n be_v to_o be_v there_o transact_v which_o in_o general_n concern_v the_o body_n of_o the_o freeman_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o such_o case_n the_o rule_n be_v quod_fw-la tangit_fw-la omnes_fw-la tractetur_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la and_o nothing_o can_v be_v determine_v in_o their_o parliament_n relate_v to_o peace_n or_o war_n new_a aid_n tax_n or_o other_o public_a charge_n on_o the_o people_n without_o their_o common_a assent_n either_o in_o person_n or_o by_o special_a representative_n be_v true_a see_v madox_n ut_fw-la ante_fw-la the_o saxon_a king_n have_v very_o rare_o any_o such_o aid_n tax_n or_o subsidy_n as_o be_v grant_v to_o our_o king_n at_o this_o day_n the_o vast_a profit_n arise_v to_o the_o crown_n in_o those_o day_n consist_v in_o the_o rent_n and_o produce_v of_o their_o ancient_a demeasn_a land_n the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o profit_n of_o all_o the_o county_n and_o other_o court_n in_o the_o kingdom_n beside_o the_o many_o other_o income_n on_o fine_n forfeiture_n and_o other_o penalty_n and_o other_o revenue_n certain_a and_o casual_a make_v it_o seldom_o necessary_a to_o tax_n the_o people_n by_o a_o parliament_n they_o have_v also_o say_v spelman_n many_o custom_n in_o verbo_fw-la subsidium_fw-la whereby_o they_o levy_v money_n of_o the_o people_n or_o exact_v their_o personal_a service_n towards_o the_o building_n and_o repair_v of_o city_n castle_n and_o bridge_n for_o military_a expedition_n etc._n etc._n which_o they_o call_v burgbote_n
baron_n only_o i._n e._n by_o reason_n of_o the_o temporal_a barony_n annex_v to_o their_o bishopric_n and_o not_o as_o they_o be_v spiritual_a person_n and_o they_o further_o urge_v in_o confirmation_n of_o their_o opinion_n 1._o that_o no_o bishop_n notwithstanding_o his_o election_n consecration_n confirmation_n etc._n etc._n can_v be_v a_o lord_n of_o or_o sit_v in_o parliament_n till_o the_o king_n have_v grant_v to_o he_o the_o temporality_n of_o the_o bishopric_n 2._o n._n b._n though_o this_o stat._n be_v repeal_v by_o q._n mary_n yet_o that_o repeal_n be_v repeal_v by_o q._n elizabeth_n etc._n etc._n as_o the_o parliamt_v at_o bury_n 24_o e._n 1._o citizen_n eliz._n all_o the_o act_n about_o religion_n pass_v dissentientibus_fw-la episcopis_fw-la see_v journal_n dom._n procer_fw-la 11_o h._n 7.27_o bro._n par._n 107._o kelway_n 184._o 3_o the_o commons_o see_v hereafter_o see_v sadler_n right_n p._n 79._o to_o 93._o that_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o stat._n 1_o e._n 6._o c._n 2._o still_o in_o force_n the_o king_n may_v constitute_v bishop_n by_o his_o letter_n patent_n only_o without_o any_o election_n or_o consecration_n and_o 3._o that_o parliament_n have_v be_v and_o may_v be_v hold_v excluso_fw-la clero_fw-la exclusive_a of_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n and_o that_o some_o of_o our_o most_o beneficial_a statute_n have_v be_v enact_v whereto_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o clergy_n dissent_v all_o which_o they_o say_v prove_v the_o bishop_n to_o be_v no_o essential_a part_n or_o any_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o parliament_n and_o in_o trinity_n term_n 7_o h._n 8._o be_v agree_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n that_o the_o king_n may_v well_o hold_v his_o parliament_n by_o himself_o and_o his_o lord_n temporal_a and_o commons_o without_o any_o bishop_n or_o spiritual_a lord_n at_o all_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v herein_o principal_o treat_v be_v on_o all_o hand_n confess_v to_o consist_v of_o the_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n with_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o cinque-port_n all_o which_o be_v at_o this_o day_n elect_v by_o the_o free_a vote_n of_o the_o freeman_n of_o great_a britain_n be_v proper_o esteem_v the_o representative_a body_n of_o the_o people_n and_o constitute_v that_o part_n of_o the_o parliament_n usual_o call_v the_o house_n of_o commons_o n._n b._n the_o ancient_a modus_fw-la tenendi_fw-la parl._n reckon_v up_o six_o degree_n or_o order_n of_o parliament_n but_o that_o division_n can_v be_v denominate_v six_o estate_n the_o number_n of_o the_o commons_o numb_a of_o commons_o former_o see_v mr._n willis_n preface_n to_o his_o 1_o vol._n of_o net_n parl._n prynn_n of_o parliamentary_a writ_n i_o find_v to_o have_v be_v former_o variant_n according_a as_o the_o sheriff_n of_o county_n from_o what_o motive_n be_v uncertain_a be_v please_v to_o direct_v their_o precept_n to_o the_o several_a city_n or_o burros_fw-la within_o their_o respective_a county_n or_o as_o the_o same_o sheriff_n make_v their_o return_v thereupon_o but_o indeed_o another_o cause_n of_o this_o variation_n be_v that_o it_o be_v usual_a for_o the_o prince_n on_o his_o accession_n to_o the_o throne_n to_o grant_v charter_n to_o ancient_a demesne_n vill_n and_o other_o popular_a town_n thereby_o erect_v they_o into_o free_a burros_fw-la and_o this_o consequent_o give_v they_o a_o right_a to_o be_v represent_v in_o parliament_n and_o by_o this_o artifice_n among_o other_o the_o crown_n advance_v its_o interest_n in_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o for_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o by_o the_o ancient_a constitution_n there_o be_v no_o representative_n of_o the_o commons_o as_o commons_o in_o parliament_n beside_o the_o knight_n for_o the_o shire_n the_o baron_n for_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n crompt_v of_o court_n f._n 2.3_o etc._n etc._n stat._n 23._o h._n 6._o c._n 11._o the_o citizen_n for_o the_o city_n and_o the_o burgess_n for_o the_o ancient_a burros_fw-la only_o and_o that_o the_o election_n for_o all_o those_o be_v to_o be_v make_v by_o such_o person_n only_o as_o be_v possess_v of_o land_n or_o tenement_n hold_v by_o they_o as_o freehold_v or_o free_a burgage_n tenor_n which_o consequent_o exclude_v all_o villein_n and_o copyholder_n stat._n 12._o r._n 2._o c._n 12._o crom._n 2.3.4.5_o bro._n ant._n dem._n 43â—_n as_o also_o tenant_n in_o ancient_a demesne_n which_o be_v but_o the_o king_n villein_n and_o the_o tenant_n and_o dependent_n of_o other_o lord_n parl._n 96._o reg._n 261._o nat._n bre._n 14._o from_o be_v either_o the_o elector_n or_o elect_v of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o indeed_o the_o practice_n of_o increase_v the_o number_n of_o the_o representative_n of_o the_o commons_o see_v bohun_n col._n per_fw-la tot._n begin_v very_o early_o viz._n temp._n johan_n if_o not_o before_o for_o i_o find_v it_o a_o practice_n of_o that_o prince_n to_o grant_v usual_o in_o consideration_n of_o money_n etc._n etc._n charter_n to_o ancient_a demesne_fw-la town_n as_o general_o all_o seaport_n town_n be_v thereby_o erect_v they_o into_o free_a burrough_n the_o representative_a of_o london_n and_o west_n p._n 14._o 10_o p._n 21._o spelm._n in_o voce_fw-mi major_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v as_o i_o conceive_v that_o bridport_n dorchester_n harwich_n helstone_n kingston_n upon_o hull_n and_o diverse_a other_o ancient_a demesne_fw-la town_n come_v to_o be_v erect_v into_o free_a burros_fw-la which_o original_o have_v no_o right_n of_o be_v represent_v in_o parliament_n but_o whatever_o method_n be_v then_o take_v to_o increase_v the_o number_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o i_o find_v their_o number_n to_o be_v much_o the_o same_o from_o the_o end_n of_o h._n the_o 6th_n reign_n fortescue_n p._n 40._o to_o the_o beginning_n of_o that_o of_o h._n the_o 8_o viz._n about_o 300._o that_o h._n 8._o ms._n penes_fw-la authorem_fw-la add_v to_o their_o number_n 38._o king_n ed._n 6._o add_v to_o their_o number_n 44._o queen_n marry_o add_v to_o their_o number_n 25._o queen_n elizabeth_z add_v to_o their_o number_n 62._o king_n james_n the_o one_a add_v to_o their_o number_n 27._o and_o king_n charles_n the_o one_a about_o 10._o or_o 12._o so_o that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o restoration_n of_o king_n charles_n 2._o i_o find_v their_o number_n to_o have_v be_v about_o 500_o but_o the_o commons_o about_o that_o time_n restrain_v this_o mischievous_a practice_n for_o the_o future_a so_o that_o they_o declare_v the_o election_n make_v by_o virtue_n of_o that_o prince_n charter_n void_a and_o as_o chester_n have_v be_v enable_v to_o send_v two_o member_n for_o the_o county_n and_o two_o for_o the_o city_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o sta._n 34.35_o st._n 34.35_o h._n 8._o c._n 13_o st._n 25._o c._n 2._o c._n 9_o h._n 8._o so_o a_o act_n pass_v in_o the_o 25_o car._n 2._o enable_v durham_n to_o send_v four_o member_n in_o like_a manner_n and_o thus_o the_o number_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o stand_v at_o 513_o till_o the_o union_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n when_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o union_n act_n st._n 5._o an._n c._n 8._o forty-five_o scottish_a member_n be_v add_v which_o make_v the_o whole_a number_n of_o that_o house_n to_o be_v 558_o as_o it_o now_o stand_v mr._n prynn_n and_o other_o observe_v denomination_n of_o parliam_fw-la prynn_n right_n of_o the_o com._n etc._n etc._n p._n 99_o 99_o spelm._n glossary_a in_o verb._n parlam_n debata_n that_o our_o ancestor_n have_v many_o expression_n and_o phrase_n which_o signify_v a_o parliamentary_a assembly_n as_o magnates_fw-la regni_fw-la omnes_fw-la regni_fw-la nobiles_fw-la proceres_fw-la et_fw-la fideles_fw-la regni_fw-la universitas_fw-la regni_fw-la communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la discretio_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o many_o other_o vary_v the_o style_n in_o successive_a age_n till_o at_o length_n it_o come_v to_o be_v fix_v in_o the_o word_n parliament_n see_v diverse_a record_n and_o precedent_n touch_v this_o matter_n in_o the_o appendix_n to_o mr._n petyt_n miscellanea_fw-la parliamentaria_fw-la mr._n prynn_n also_o say_v prynn_n truth_n triumph_v over_o falsehood_n etc._n etc._n f._n 69._o petyt_n ancient_a right_n etc._n etc._n p._n 68_o that_o by_o many_o ancient_a precedent_n before_o the_o conquest_n it_o be_v apparent_a that_o all_o our_o pristine_a synod_n and_o council_n be_v nought_o else_o but_o parliament_n and_o that_o our_o king_n nobles_z senators_z aldermen_z wiseman_n knight_n and_o commons_o be_v usual_o present_a and_o vote_v in_o they_o as_o member_n and_o judge_n and_o mr._n lambard_n sir_n robert_n atkyns_n argument_n p._n 18._o see_v hereafter_o in_o his_o archaeion_n maintain_v that_o parliament_n be_v use_v in_o the_o saxon_a time_n as_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n ina_n ann._n 712_o and_o other_o saxon_a prince_n and_o that_o they_o then_o consist_v of_o king_n lord_n and_z commons_z and_o that_o the_o
vide_fw-la ante_fw-la brigbote_n here-fax_a here-geld_a etc._n etc._n though_o we_o may_v well_o conclude_v those_o custom_n and_o duty_n to_o have_v be_v original_o grant_v by_o assent_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o a_o parliamentary_a assembly_n as_o be_v certain_a peterpence_n danegeld_n spelman_n ib._n horngeld_n etc._n etc._n be_v as_o to_o peterpence_v idem_fw-la in_o verbo_fw-la romascot_n see_v fedus_fw-la edvardi_fw-la and_o guthurui_fw-la c._n 6._o ll._n edgari_fw-la c._n 4._o ll._n caunti_fw-la c._n 15._o ll._n hen._n 1._o c._n 12_o etc._n etc._n in_o verbo_fw-la subsidium_fw-la otherwise_o call_v romescot_n and_o romefee_n whether_o the_o same_o be_v first_o grant_v by_o king_n ina_n as_o be_v general_o say_v or_o by_o king_n offa_n as_o other_o affirm_v be_v plain_a a_o parliamentary_a consent_n be_v have_v thereto_o as_o the_o law_n touch_v the_o regulation_n of_o the_o same_o do_v manifest_o prove_v and_o as_o to_o danegeld_n etc._n etc._n sir_n henry_n spelman_n say_v the_o dane_n have_v oppress_v the_o land_n king_n egelred_n i_o e._n ethelred_n in_o the_o year_n 1007_o yield_v i_o e._n by_o consent_n of_o parliament_n to_o pay_v they_o for_o obtain_v peace_n 10,000_o l._n which_o be_v after_o increase_v to_o 36,000_o l._n then_o to_o 113000_o l._n and_o last_o to_o a_o yearly_a tribute_n of_o 48,000_o l._n and_o for_o the_o raise_n of_o this_o tax_n note_v this_o tax_n appear_v to_o have_v be_v promote_v by_o some_o churchman_n who_o be_v probable_a share_v the_o plunder_v splem_fw-la ut_fw-la supra_fw-la every_o hide_n or_o plough_n land_n be_v charge_v with_o 12_o d._n yearly_o church_n land_n except_v and_o thereupon_o be_v call_v hydage_n which_o name_n be_v afterward_o apply_v to_o all_o tax_n and_o subsidy_n impose_v on_o land_n but_o if_o the_o tax_n be_v lay_v on_o cattle_n be_v call_v horn-geld_a the_o norman_n say_v the_o same_o author_n call_v these_o sometime_o from_o the_o latin_a and_o greek_a word_n tax_n and_o sometime_o from_o their_o own_o language_n tallagia_fw-la signify_v to_o cut_v or_o divide_v from_o as_o the_o word_n excise_n do_v at_o present_a and_o sometime_o they_o denominate_v they_o according_a to_o the_o usual_a word_n beyond_o sea_n auxilia_fw-la and_o subsidia_fw-la aid_n and_o subsidy_n and_o according_o w._n 1._o have_v those_o tax_n or_o tallage_n and_o make_v law_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o levy_v they_o vide_fw-la ll._n w._n 1._o p._n 125._o right_n of_o the_o kingdom_n 115._o but_o this_o also_o seem_v to_o be_v by_o pretence_n or_o colour_n of_o i_o can_v call_v it_o a_o free_a parliament_n but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o saxon_n and_o their_o manner_n of_o grant_v aid_n and_o tax_n hist_o aethelwerdi_n li._n 3._o we_o may_v observe_v that_o king_n egbert_n who_o be_v general_o say_v to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o monarch_n of_o england_n seem_v to_o have_v attain_v his_o conquest_n and_o extent_n of_o dominion_n chief_o by_o the_o extraordinary_a aid_n and_o supply_n grant_v by_o his_o commons_o see_v ingulph_n p._n 6.12.17_o and_o that_o by_o the_o same_o mean_n he_o be_v enable_v so_o vigorous_o to_o repel_v the_o dane_n etc._n etc._n to_o this_o purpose_n we_o meet_v with_o a_o passage_n in_o the_o history_n of_o croyland_n viz._n that_o this_o king_n confirm_v a_o grant_n of_o land_n to_o that_o abbey_n coram_fw-la pontificibus_fw-la majoribus_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la i._n e._n as_o i_o apprehend_v before_o the_o prelate_n peer_n and_o great_a commons_o of_o all_o england_n who_o as_o the_o history_n say_v be_v then_o meet_v together_o at_o london_n consult_v how_o to_o provide_v aid_n and_o supply_n contra_fw-la danicos_fw-la piratas_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o whole_a passage_n prove_v this_o transaction_n to_o have_v be_v in_o a_o general_a council_n or_o parliament_n meet_v purposely_o for_o the_o raise_n of_o new_a aid_n and_o the_o word_n majores_fw-la seem_v plain_o to_o intend_v the_o representative_n of_o the_o commons_o and_o to_o be_v of_o a_o low_a degree_n than_o the_o proceres_fw-la or_o temporal_a peer_n vide_fw-la bed_n hist_o and_o that_o the_o commons_o attend_v at_o that_o consult_v may_v not_o only_o appear_v from_o diverse_a of_o the_o name_n subscribe_v to_o that_o charter_n but_o be_v also_o evident_a from_o bede_n and_o other_o ancient_a author_n that_o the_o word_n majores_fw-la be_v then_o use_v to_o signify_v such_o officer_n and_o magistrate_n as_o we_o now_o term_n sheriff_n of_o county_n and_o mayor_n or_o bailiff_n of_o town_n and_o city_n and_o though_o the_o word_n danegelt_n ingulph_n be_v not_o quite_o so_o ancient_a as_o the_o time_n of_o k._n egbert_n yet_o that_o the_o first_o grant_v thereof_o be_v with_o consent_n of_o the_o commons_o appear_v from_o the_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n hoveden_n who_o first_o remit_v it_o it_o have_v be_v divert_v from_o its_o original_a and_o true_a institution_n the_o very_a cause_n cease_v under_o the_o king_n of_o the_o danish_a race_n who_o notwithstanding_o continue_v the_o tax_n and_o which_o though_o remit_v by_o the_o confessor_n be_v afterward_o revive_v by_o the_o conqueror_n see_v law_n of_o w._n 1._o as_o a_o proper_a expedient_a for_o augment_v regal_a power_n and_o yet_o this_o revival_n seem_v also_o to_o be_v by_o consent_n of_o or_o under_o colour_n of_o a_o parliament_n but_o further_o in_o the_o abovementioned_a history_n of_o croyland_n hist_o ingulphi_n ad_fw-la annum_fw-la 855._o there_o be_v a_o remarkable_a charter_n make_v by_o ethelwulph_n the_o west_n saxon_a king_n who_o be_v son_n and_o successor_n to_o k._n egbert_n and_o the_o father_n of_o his_o four_o successor_n i._n e._n ethelbald_n ethelbert_n ethelfred_n and_o alfred_n right_n of_o the_o kingdom_n p._n 84_o 85._o the_o charter_n itself_o import_v a_o grant_n of_o land_n tithe_n etc._n etc._n to_o that_o abbey_n and_o in_o the_o body_n of_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v make_v cum_fw-la consilio_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la principum_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o be_v subscribe_v by_o and_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n of_o mercia_n and_o east_n anglia_fw-it omniumque_fw-la archieporum_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la abbatum_fw-la ducum_fw-la comitum_fw-la procerumque_fw-la totius_fw-la terre_n aliorumque_fw-la fidelium_fw-la infinita_fw-la multitudine_fw-la qui_fw-la omnes_fw-la regio_fw-la chirographo_fw-la laudaverant_a a_o pregnant_a instance_n of_o a_o saxon_a parliament_n compose_v of_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o and_o of_o the_o concurrent_a assent_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n in_o the_o pass_n of_o the_o grant_n i_o can_v here_o forbear_v observe_v a_o expression_n in_o that_o introduction_n to_o the_o law_n of_o k._n alphred_n which_o may_v seem_v strange_a in_o a_o king_n at_o this_o day_n where_o speak_v of_o his_o establish_v those_o law_n see_v wilkins_n p._n 34_o and_o lambard_n 26._o exit_fw-la consulto_fw-la sapientum_fw-la suorum_fw-la by_o consent_n of_o his_o parliament_n he_o go_v on_o thus_o fortham_n ic_fw-mi ne_fw-mi dare_v gedyrst-laecan_a etc._n etc._n for_o that_o he_o dare_v not_o attempt_v to_o do_v it_o otherwise_o and_o it_o conclude_v thus_o ergo_fw-la ego_fw-la alphredus_fw-la omnibus_fw-la sapientibus_fw-la meis_fw-la hic_fw-la usus_fw-la sum_fw-la et_fw-la illi_fw-la dicebant_fw-la quod_fw-la ipsis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la bene_fw-la placuerint_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la statuta_fw-la suut_n ut_fw-la observarentur_fw-la and_o andrew_n horn_n a_o learned_a lawyer_n mirror_n of_o justice_n who_o write_v temp._n ed._n 2._o in_o many_o place_n of_o his_o book_n speak_v of_o k._n alphred_n parliament_n and_o that_o his_o law_n be_v make_v by_o assent_n of_o his_o great_a wise_a man_n and_o commons_o he_o express_o mention_n and_o applaud_v that_o law_n of_o he_o that_o parliament_n ought_v to_o be_v hold_v twice_o yearly_o and_o declare_v the_o nonobservance_n of_o that_o grand_a law_n of_o state_n to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o high_a abuse_n of_o law_n and_o government_n i_o may_v here_o also_o take_v notice_n of_o other_o parliament_n of_o the_o same_o king_n wilkins_n ll._n saxon_n p._n 51._o particular_o that_o treaty_n enter_v into_o between_o he_o and_o guthrun_n the_o dane_n which_o be_v make_v exit_fw-la sapientum_fw-la anglorum_fw-la consilio_fw-la and_o i_o may_v further_o show_v that_o all_o the_o act_n of_o state_n both_o of_o he_o and_o his_o saxon_a and_o danish_a successor_n be_v make_v and_o transact_v with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o commons_o as_o well_o as_o consilio_fw-la magnatum_fw-la but_o the_o point_n be_v so_o full_o prove_v in_o our_o ancient_a historian_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o stile_n use_v by_o those_o prince_n in_o their_o enact_v of_o law_n that_o i_o conceive_v my_o further_a endeavour_n to_o illustrate_v it_o will_v prove_v but_o hold_v a_o candle_n to_o the_o sun_n and_o as_o for_o the_o norman_a time_n though_o the_o two_o williams_n father_n and_o son_n endeavour_v what_o they_o can_v to_o suppress_v the_o right_n of_o the_o commons_o yet_o we_o find_v on_o the_o death_n of_o the_o latter_a the_o
james_n the_o first_o the_o house_n be_v desirous_a to_o have_v a_o bill_n forth_o with_o pass_v declare_v that_o the_o royal_a assent_n to_o one_o bill_n or_o more_o do_v not_o dissolve_v the_o session_n without_o some_o special_a declaration_n of_o his_o majesty_n pleasure_n to_o that_o purpose_n 1_o 2_o phil._n mar._n the_o king_n and_o queen_n come_v of_o purpose_n into_o the_o parliament_n house_n ibid._n to_o give_v their_o assent_n to_o cardinal_n pool_n bill_n and_o resolve_v upon_o the_o question_n by_o the_o whole_a house_n that_o the_o session_n be_v not_o thereby_o conclude_v but_o they_o may_v proceed_v in_o their_o business_n notwithstanding_o the_o royal_a assent_n give_v but_o for_o more_o security_n it_o be_v usual_a to_o insert_v a_o proviso_n to_o that_o purpose_n if_o there_o be_v diverse_a session_n in_o one_o parliament_n arc._n parl._n 93._o 〈◊〉_d jour_fw-fr 7.12_o â—b_fw-la and_o the_o king_n sign_v not_o a_o bill_n till_o the_o last_o there_o all_o be_v but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o day_n and_o all_o shall_v have_v relation_n to_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o first_o session_n post_n 336._o and_o the_o first_o day_n and_o the_o last_o be_v but_o one_o parliament_n and_o one_o and_o the_o same_o day_n unless_o special_a mention_n be_v make_v in_o the_o act_n when_o it_o shall_v take_v its_o force_n see_v touch_v the_o commencement_n prorogation_n and_o dissolution_n of_o several_a parliament_n from_o the_o beginning_n of_o edward_n iii_o to_o the_o end_n of_o richard_n iii_o in_o cotton_n record_n per_fw-la totum_fw-la and_o from_o the_o beginning_n of_o edward_n vi_o in_o hale_n parliament_n pag._n 107_o to_o 110._o and_o pag._n 142_o 143_o etc._n etc._n upon_o a_o prorogation_n of_o the_o parliament_n on_o a_o prorogation_n bill_n to_o continue_v in_o statu_fw-la quo_fw-la burnet_n be_v reformation_n vol._n i_o pag._n 276._o journal_n dom._n com._n 15_o may_n 1540_o 32_o hen._n 8._o to_o the_o 25_o a_o vote_n pass_v that_o their_o bill_n shall_v remain_v in_o the_o state_n they_o be_v in_o and_o upon_o their_o next_o meeting_n they_o go_v on_o according_o on_o the_o 18_o of_o february_n 1666_o the_o parliament_n be_v prorogue_v till_o the_o 10_o of_o october_n 1667._o the_o king_n present_a memorandum_n that_o his_o majesty_n by_o proclamation_n 1_o siderf_n 338._o date_v 26_o june_n 1667._o ann._n 19_o of_o his_o reign_n summon_v his_o parliament_n to_o meet_v on_o the_o 25_o of_o july_n follow_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o war_n against_o the_o dutch_a then_o in_o be_v on_o which_o day_n they_o meet_v and_o adjourn_v at_o his_o majesty_n appointment_n to_o the_o 29_o of_o the_o same_o month_n on_o which_o day_n a_o peace_n be_v then_o conclude_v the_o parliament_n be_v by_o his_o majesty_n appointment_n prorogue_v to_o the_o 10_o of_o october_n as_o aforesaid_a a_o parliament_n may_v be_v summon_v by_o proclamation_n to_o meet_v before_o the_o day_n to_o which_o they_o be_v prorogue_v anno_fw-la dom._n 1628._o rush_n vol._n i_o page_n 537._o 4_o car._n 10_o april_n mr._n secretary_n cook_n deliver_v this_o message_n from_o the_o king_n that_o his_o majesty_n desire_v this_o house_n not_o to_o make_v any_o recess_n these_o easter-holiday_n that_o the_o world_n may_v take_v notice_n how_o earnest_a his_o majesty_n and_o we_o be_v for_o the_o public_a affair_n of_o christendom_n the_o which_o by_o such_o a_o recess_n will_v receive_v interruption_n but_o this_o message_n for_o non-recess_n be_v not_o well_o please_v to_o the_o house_n sir_n robert_n phillip_n first_o resent_v it_o post_n 366._o and_o too_o notice_n that_o in_o 12_o 18_o jac._n upon_o the_o like_a intimation_n the_o house_n resolve_v it_o be_v in_o their_o power_n to_o adjourn_v itself_o or_o sit_v hereafter_o say_v he_o this_o may_v be_v put_v upon_o we_o by_o prince_n of_o less_o piety_n let_v a_o committee_n consider_v hereof_o and_o of_o our_o right_n herein_o and_o make_v a_o declaration_n and_o according_o this_o matter_n touch_v his_o majesty_n pleasure_n about_o the_o recess_n be_v refer_v to_o a_o committee_n and_o to_o consider_v the_o power_n of_o the_o house_n to_o adjourn_v itself_o to_o the_o end_n that_o it_o be_v now_o yield_v unto_o in_o obedience_n to_o his_o majesty_n it_o may_v not_o turn_v to_o prejudice_n in_o time_n to_o come_v sir_n edward_n coke_n speak_v to_o the_o same_o purpose_n and_o say_v i_o be_o as_o tender_a of_o the_o privilege_n of_o this_o house_n as_o of_o my_o life_n they_o be_v the_o heartstring_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o king_n make_v a_o prorogation_n but_o this_o house_n adjourn_v itself_o the_o commission_n of_o adjournment_n we_o never_o read_v but_o say_v this_o house_n adjourn_v itself_o if_o the_o king_n write_v to_o a_o abbot_n for_o a_o corody_n for_o a_o valet_fw-la if_o it_o be_v ex_fw-la rogatu_fw-la though_o the_o abbot_n yield_v to_o it_o it_o bind_v not_o therefore_o i_o desire_v that_o it_o be_v enter_v that_o this_o be_v do_v ex_fw-la rogatu_fw-la regis_fw-la hereupon_o a_o message_n be_v send_v to_o the_o king_n that_o the_o house_n will_v give_v all_o expedition_n to_o his_o majesty_n service_n notwithstanding_o their_o purpose_n of_o recess_n to_o which_o message_n his_o majesty_n return_v this_o answer_n that_o the_o motion_n proceed_v from_o himself_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o engagement_n in_o the_o affair_n of_o christendom_n wish_v they_o all_o alacrity_n in_o their_o proceed_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o recess_n at_o all_o a_o message_n from_o the_o king_n by_o the_o speaker_n ibid._n pag._n 608._o same_o year_n that_o his_o majesty_n command_v for_o the_o present_a they_o adjourn_v the_o house_n till_o tomorrow_n morning_n and_o that_o all_o committee_n cease_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n and_o the_o house_n be_v according_o adjourn_v on_o wednesday_n february_n 25._o the_o same_o year_n both_o house_n by_o his_o majesty_n command_n adjourn_v themselves_o until_o monday_n morning_n the_o second_o of_o march._n monday_n ibid._n pag._n 660._o and_o appendix_n pag._n 9_o 2d_o of_o march_n the_o commons_o meet_v and_o urge_v the_o speaker_n to_o put_v the_o question_n who_o say_v i_o have_v a_o command_n from_o the_o king_n to_o adjourn_v till_o the_o 10_o of_o march_n and_o put_v no_o question_n endeavour_v to_o go_v out_o of_o the_o chair_n be_v notwithstanding_o hold_v by_o some_o member_n the_o house_n foresee_v a_o dissolution_n till_o a_o protestation_n be_v publish_v in_o the_o house_n hereupon_o the_o king_n send_v for_o the_o sergeant_n of_o the_o house_n but_o he_o be_v detain_v the_o door_n be_v lock_v then_o he_o send_v the_o gentleman-usher_n of_o the_o lord_n house_n with_o a_o message_n and_o he_o be_v refuse_v admittance_n till_o the_o say_a vote_n be_v read_v and_o then_o in_o much_o confusion_n the_o house_n be_v adjourn_v till_o the_o 10_o of_o march_n according_a as_o it_o be_v intimate_v from_o his_o majesty_n in_o mr._n mason_n of_o lincoln_n inn_n his_o argument_n for_o sir_n john_n elliot_n he_o say_v the_o second_o charge_n in_o the_o information_n against_o he_o be_v the_o contempt_n to_o the_o command_n of_o the_o king_n adjournment_n jac._n 18._o it_o be_v question_v in_o parliament_n whether_o the_o king_n can_v adjourn_v the_o parliament_n although_o it_o be_v without_o doubt_n that_o the_o king_n can_v prorogue_v it_o and_o the_o judge_n resolve_v that_o the_o king_n may_v adjourn_v the_o house_n by_o commission_n and_o 27_o eliz._n it_o be_v resolve_v according_o but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v and_o wonder_v rush_n vol._n i_o in_o appendix_n pag._n 48._o that_o none_o be_v then_o impeach_v for_o move_v that_o question_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o they_o resolve_v that_o the_o adjournment_n may_v be_v by_o commission_n but_o do_v not_o resolve_v that_o it_o may_v be_v by_o a_o verbal_a command_n signify_v by_o another_o and_o it_o derogate_v not_o from_o the_o king_n prerogative_n that_o he_o can_v so_o do_v no_o more_o than_o in_o the_o case_n of_o 26_o h._n 8._o c._n 8._o that_o he_o can_v grant_v one_o acre_n of_o land_n by_o parole_n the_o king_n himself_o may_v adjourn_v the_o house_n in_o person_n or_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n but_o not_o by_o verbal_a message_n for_o none_o be_v bind_v to_o give_v credit_n to_o such_o message_n but_o when_o it_o be_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n it_o be_v testae_fw-la meipso_fw-la and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o legal_a command_n than_o there_o can_v be_v no_o contempt_n in_o the_o disobedience_n of_o that_o command_n in_o this_o case_n no_o contempt_n appear_v by_o the_o information_n for_o the_o information_n be_v that_o the_o king_n have_v power_n to_o adjourn_v parliament_n then_o put_v the_o case_n the_o command_n be_v that_o they_o shall_v adjourn_v themselves_o this_o be_v no_o pursuance_n of_o the_o power_n which_o he_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v
subscribe_v they_o england_n to_o be_v enter_v and_o file_v in_o parchment_n roll_v provide_v by_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o house_n and_o each_o member_n to_o pay_v only_o 12_o d._n for_o every_o such_o entry_n that_o the_o say_a act_n 30_o car._n 2._o stat._n 1_o w._n m._n c._n 1._o member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o qualify_v to_o sit_v and_o vote_n by_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n and_o supremacy_n appiont_v by_o this_o act_n instead_o of_o the_o old_a one_o now_o repeal_v and_o by_o subscribe_v the_o test_n according_a to_o the_o limitation_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o precede_a statute_n 30_o car._n 2_o and_o all_o other_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o to_o so_o much_o of_o the_o say_a act_n or_o act_n only_o as_o concern_v the_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o supremacy_n and_o allegiance_n or_o either_o of_o they_o in_o the_o say_a act_n respective_o mention_v by_o any_o member_n or_o member_n of_o the_o house_n with_o relation_n to_o their_o sit_v and_o vote_v in_o parliament_n be_v hereby_o repeal_v to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n any_o thing_n in_o the_o say_v recite_v act_n or_o act_n to_o the_o contrary_n and_o in_o all_o future_a parliament_n the_o oath_n in_o this_o act_n mention_v and_o the_o declaration_n in_o the_o act_n 30_o car._n 2._o mention_v shall_v be_v take_v make_v subscribe_v and_o repeat_v by_o every_o member_n of_o the_o house_n within_o the_o time_n and_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o form_n and_o under_o the_o penalty_n and_o disability_n as_o the_o say_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n and_o supremacy_n and_o the_o say_a declaration_n by_o the_o say_a act_n of_o car._n 2._o be_v limit_v ordain_v and_o appoint_v and_o not_o at_o any_o other_o time_n england_n or_o in_o any_o other_o manner_n to_o enable_v they_o to_o sit_v and_o vote_n in_o parliament_n any_o thing_n in_o the_o say_a act_n or_o act_n to_o the_o contrary_n that_o election_n of_o member_n of_o parliament_n ought_v to_o be_v free_n stat._n 1_o w._n m._n c._n 2._o the_o claim_n of_o right_n that_o the_o freedom_n of_o speech_n and_o debate_n on_o proceed_n in_o parliament_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v impeach_v or_o question_v in_o any_o court_n or_o place_n out_o of_o parliament_n enact_v according_o that_o no_o member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o shall_v at_o any_o time_n be_v concern_v direct_o or_o indirect_o sta._n 5_o 6_o w._n m._n ch_z 7._o member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o to_o be_v no_o way_n concern_v in_o duty_n or_o aid_n to_o be_v grant_v by_o parliament_n except_o commissioner_n of_o the_o treasury_n custom_n excise_n and_o land_n tax_n or_o any_o other_o in_o trust_n for_o he_o in_o the_o farm_a collect_v or_o manage_v any_o of_o the_o duty_n or_o other_o aid_n that_o hereafter_o shall_v be_v grant_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n except_o the_o commissioner_n of_o the_o treasury_n and_o the_o officer_n and_o commissioner_n for_o manage_v the_o custom_n and_o excise_n not_o exceed_v the_o present_a number_n in_o each_o office_n and_o commissioner_n of_o the_o land_n tax_n quere_z the_o novelty_n of_o this_o exception_n that_o any_o member_n or_o member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o stat._n 5_o 6_o w._n and_o m._n c._n 20._o member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o may_v be_v member_n of_o the_o bank_n may_v be_v a_o member_n or_o member_n of_o the_o corporation_n of_o the_o governor_n and_o company_n of_o the_o bank_n of_o england_n england_n that_o o_o collector_n supervisor_n gauger_n or_o other_o officer_n or_o person_n whatsoever_o concern_v or_o employ_v in_o the_o charge_v levy_v or_o manage_v the_o duty_n of_o excise_n or_o any_o branch_n or_o part_n thereof_o shall_v by_o word_n officer_n of_o the_o excise_n not_o to_o intermeddle_v etc._n etc._n message_n or_o write_n or_o in_o any_o other_o manner_n endeavour_v to_o persuade_v any_o elector_n to_o give_v or_o dissuade_v any_o elector_n from_o give_v his_o vote_n for_o the_o choice_n of_o any_o person_n to_o be_v a_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n citizen_n burgess_n or_o baron_n of_o any_o county_n city_n borough_n or_o cinqueport_n and_o every_o officer_n or_o other_o person_n offend_v therein_o shall_v forfeit_v the_o sum_n of_o 100_o l._n one_o moiety_n thereof_o to_o the_o informer_n the_o other_o moiety_n to_o the_o poor_a of_o the_o parish_n where_o such_o offence_n shall_v be_v commit_v to_o be_v recover_v by_o any_o person_n that_o shall_v sue_v for_o the_o same_o by_o action_n of_o debt_n bill_n plaint_n or_o information_n in_o any_o of_o their_o majesty_n court_n of_o record_n at_o westminster_n in_o which_o no_o essoign_n protection_n privilege_n or_o more_o than_o one_o imparlance_n shall_v be_v allow_v and_o every_o person_n convict_v on_o suit_n of_o the_o say_a offence_n shall_v be_v for_o ever_o incapacitate_v to_o bear_v any_o office_n or_o place_n of_o trust_n under_o the_o crown_n that_o no_o person_n hereafter_o to_o be_v elect_v to_o serve_v in_o parliament_n for_o any_o county_n city_n town_n england_n borough_n st._n 7._o w._n 3._o c._n 4._o no_o person_n to_o be_v elect_v after_o the_o testae_fw-la of_o the_o writ_n shall_v by_o themselves_o or_o any_o other_o at_o their_o charge_n before_o the_o election_n give_v promise_n or_o oblige_v themselves_o to_o give_v any_o thing_n to_o any_o person_n have_v a_o vote_n in_o particular_a or_o to_o any_o county_n or_o place_n in_o general_n in_o order_n to_o be_v elect_v port_n or_o place_n within_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n dominion_n of_o wales_n or_o town_n of_o berwick_n upon_o tweed_n after_o the_o testae_fw-la of_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n or_o after_o the_o testae_fw-la or_o issue_v out_o or_o order_v of_o the_o writ_n or_o writ_n of_o election_n upon_o the_o call_n or_o summon_v of_o any_o parliament_n or_o after_o any_o such_o place_n become_v vacant_a shall_v or_o do_v hereafter_o by_o himself_o or_o themselves_o or_o by_o any_o other_o way_n or_o mean_n on_o his_o or_o their_o behalf_n or_o at_o his_o or_o their_o charge_n before_o his_o or_o their_o election_n in_o england_n wales_n or_o berwick_n direct_o or_o indirect_o give_v present_a or_o allow_v to_o any_o person_n have_v voice_n or_o vote_n in_o such_o election_n any_o money_n meat_n drink_v entertainment_n or_o provision_n or_o make_v any_o present_a gift_n reward_n or_o entertainment_n or_o shall_v make_v any_o promise_n agreement_n obligation_n or_o engagement_n to_o give_v or_o allow_v any_o money_n meat_n drink_v provision_n present_v reward_v or_o entertainment_n to_o or_o for_o any_o such_o person_n in_o particular_a or_o to_o any_o such_o county_n city_n town_n borough_n port_n or_o place_n in_o general_n or_o to_o or_o for_o the_o use_v advantage_n benefit_n employment_n profit_n or_o preferment_n of_o any_o such_o person_n or_o place_n in_o order_n to_o be_v elect_v england_n or_o for_o be_v elect_v to_o serve_v in_o parliament_n for_o such_o county_n city_n town_n borough_n port_n or_o place_n and_o that_o every_o person_n so_o give_v present_v or_o allow_v such_o person_n so_o give_v promise_a etc._n etc._n disable_v to_o serve_v as_o never_o elect_v or_o return_v make_v promise_a or_o engage_v do_v act_v or_o proceed_v shall_v be_v and_o be_v hereby_o disable_v and_o incapacitate_v upon_o such_o election_n to_o serve_v in_o parliament_n for_o such_o county_n city_n town_n borough_n port_n or_o place_n and_o shall_v be_v deem_v and_o take_v no_o member_n in_o parliament_n and_o shall_v not_o act_v sit_v or_o have_v any_o vote_n or_o place_n in_o parliament_n but_o shall_v be_v and_o be_v to_o all_o intent_n construction_n and_o purpose_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v never_o return_v or_o elect_v etc._n etc._n that_o all_o false_a return_v wilful_o make_v of_o any_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n stat._n 7_o and_o s._n w._n 3._o c._n 7._o continue_v by_o st._n 12._o 13._o w._n 3._o c._n 5._o false_a return_v of_o knight_n citizens_z etc._n etc._n illegal_a and_o prohibit_v citizen_n burgess_n baron_n of_o the_o cinque-port_n or_o other_o member_n to_o serve_v in_o parliament_n be_v against_o law_n and_o be_v hereby_o prohibit_v the_o party_n grieve_v by_o any_o false_a return_n a_o action_n give_v to_o any_o due_o elect_v against_o the_o officer_n and_o procurer_n of_o a_o false_a return_n or_o return_v contrary_a to_o the_o last_o determination_n of_o the_o kite_n of_o election_n in_o any_o court_n at_o westminster_n with_o double_a damage_n and_o full_o cost_v and_o contrary_a to_o the_o last_o determination_n of_o the_o right_n of_o election_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o which_o be_v also_o adjudge_v a_o false_a return_n to_o wit_n every_o person_n that_o shall_v be_v due_o elect_v to_o parliament_n for_o any_o county_n city_n borough_n cinqueport_n or_o place_n england_n by_o such_o false_a return_n may_v sue_v