be the Lords man In the doing whereof the Tenant must be ungirt uncovered kneel upon both knees and hold both his hands together between the Lords hands sitting before him XXX This is to be done to the Lord himselfe and but once during the Tenants life XXXI The Kings Chamberlain shall take homage for him XXIJ. When an Inheritance descendeth to Coperceners the eldest only shall do Homage XXXIIJ But if they hold of the King all of them must do it XXXIV When one and his Ancestors whose heire he is have held by homage of a Lord and his Ancestors whose heir the Lord is time out of mind and the Lord hath received homage that bindeth him to warrant and acquit the Tenant XXXV Suit of Court is a service by comming to the Lords Court And here Land in the Lords hands whereof severall men hold by Suit of Court is termed a Mannor but the Land considered apart from the service is termed Demesnes XXXIV The particular kinds of services whereby Lands of inheritance are distinguished are Soccage and Knight-service XXXVII Both draw unto them certain commodities to the Lord partly in the Tenants life and partly after his death XXXVII That in his life is reasonable Aide or Portion towards the making of the Lords eldest Son a Knight and towards the marrying of his eldest daughter XXXIX The other after his death are wardship and reliefe XL. Wardship is the custody of the body and land of the heir within age which shall be til fourteen of a woman XLI Relief is a Portion to be paid by the heir to the Lord. XLII Soccage is tenure to be done out of Ward XLIII Where the next of the kinne to whom the Inheritance cannot descend shall have the heirs wardship till fourteen to the heirs own use XLIV Here for releif the Lord shall have presently so much as one years rent amounts unto XLV Tenure by Soccage in Cheif giveth the King primer seisin or the value of that Land by a year if the heir be of the age of fourteen year at his ancestors death XLVI Knight service is a service touching Warre to be done by the body of a man XLVII To all Knight service Homage is incident XLVIII Here the Wardship is the Lords to his own use and that till 2â— of an heir malâ— XLIX The wife shall be barred of her Dower so long as she detained the heir from him L. Wardship of the body giveth the wards marriage to the Lord. LJ If one hold sundry Lands of diverse Lords the wardship of body goeth to the Lord of that Land which the tenant held first and this is termed Tenure by priority LIJ The King shall have the Wardship of the body though the tenure of him be by Posteriority LIIJ The eldest child being heir apparant to his father shall not be in ward for his body during his Fathers life LIV. Tenure by Knight service in cheif giveth to the King the Wardship of all other Lands also LV. It giveth him likewise Primer seisin or the value of them all by half a year if the heir were in Ward by a whole year if he were not which Pâ—imer seisin must be paid and relief also LVI Relief for Land holden by Knight-service amounteth to an C.s. for a whole Knights fee to a C. Marks for a Baronie and to a C. Pounds for an Earledome LVII If The heir be within age at the Tenants death no relief shall be paid to the Lords that are to have the Wardship LVIII Grand Serjancie viz. Tenure of the Kings person to do to him a more speciall service whatsoever by the person of a man is a speciall Knight service in chief where thâ— King in stead of relief shall have the value of the Land by a year LIX Rent charge is a Rent with Liberty to distrain CHAP. 8. Rent seck Common I. BAre Hereditaments concerning land for which no distresse can be taken are a Rent Seck and Common II A Rent Seck is a Rent without liberty to distrain III. When a rent is granted for equaliy of Partition amongst Coperceners this rent may be distrained for though no such liberty be granted IV. The grant of a Seigniorie Rent charge and Rent Secke as also of a Remainder or Reversion of any of these or of the land it selfe is nothing worth without Attornment viz. agreement of the tenant that presently must be charged V. In the grant of a reversion depending upon a Freehold the Attornment of the Freeholder is sufficient though he be not the Tenant that presently must be charged VI. Common is a profit to be taken in anothers Land CHAP. 9. Villenage Annuity Corodie Office I. BAre hereditaments that concern the person are meerly of the person himself or by reason of the person II. of the first sort are Villeins III. A Villein is such a servant as himself and whatsoever he possesseth is the Lords if he claim it IV. The Lord cannot sease his villein in the the Kings presence V. The children of a Villein are also Villeins VI. Villenage beginneth by confessing a mans self to be one in a Court of Record VII A Villein is manumitted or set free when the Lord enableth him to possesse any thing against himself VIII Those by reason of the person are Annuities and Corodies or Offices IX Annuitie is a yearly rent to be had of the person of the Grantor X. Corodie is a Portion for ones sustenance XI Office is a duty of attendance upon a charge CHAP. 10. Franchises I. BEsides the Hereditaments already handled there be certain other derived from the Kings Prerogative which are termed Franchises II. A Franchise is a Royall priviledge in the hand of a subject III. It may be forfeited by misusing of it IV. The kinds of Franchises are divers and almost infinite V. Of such sort are Warrens Markets Faires Toll of every buyer for things he buyeth there not being for his own expences and whatsoever liberties or commodities else that created at first by the Kings speciall grant or of their own nature belonging to him are given to common persons to have any manner of estate in CHAP. 11. Chattels Reall and Personall Testament Bailment Contracts Actions Arbitrement I. SUch then is the nature of an hereditament in his sundry sorts and kinds II. Chattels are possessions wherein there cannot be severall estates III. All ones Chattels whether in possession or that any is indebted to him in may be given away or devised by his Testament IV. Testament is the appointment of some person to administer them for him after his death who therefore is called an Executor V. the Executors must prove the Will to be a true one in the spirituall Court and be sworn to see it performed VI. If many Executors be made and one refuse yet he may administer at his pleasure VII But an Executor once administring can never refuse after VIII Executors must answer all certain duties of the Testator IX But so as duties
have execution thereof as if no such gift had been made Stat. 3. H. 7. 4. All deeds of gift of goods and chattels made of trust to ones own use shall be void Stat. 13. El 5 Every gift grant bargain and conveiance of lands or chattles or of a lease rent common or other profits out of them and every bond suit judgment and execution had or made for the defrauding of any persons just action suit debt account damage penaltie forfeiture heriot mortuarie or releif shall be void against that person his heires executors c. The parties or privies knowing such a fraudulent gift which shall justifie it to be done bona fide or shal alien such things so to them conveyed forfeit one year value of the lands or profits out of it and the whole value of the goods nad chattles and the sum of such covenous bond and shall have half a years imprisonment This Act extends not to common recoveries nor vouchers in a Formedon nor to any gift c. bona fide and upon good consideration to any person not knowing of the fraud Stat. 27. El. 4. Every conveyance grant charge lease estate incumbrance or limitation of use of lands tenements or hereditaments made for the defrauding of purchasers of the land it self or any part or profit out of it shall be void against the person so purchasing for money or other good consideration and against all claiming under him with penalty as in the former Statute This extendeth not to the avoiding of any grant c. upon good consideration and bona fide If any such conveyance c. be made with a clause of revocation or alteration at his pleasure by writing and after he shall bargain demise sell grant convey or charge the same lands c. for money or other good consideratiâ—n the conveyance not revoked nor altered then such conveyance c. shall be voyd against the bargainees c. and all claiming under them lawfull mortgages only excepted Rule 11. Praecog Reg. 15. 17. E. 2. The Kings gift or grant of land or a Mannor cum pertinentiis â—â—nveyeth not Knights fees advowsons or dowers without expresse words Stat. 1. H 4. 6. In a petition to the King for lands annuities offices c. their value shall be therein exprest otherwise the letters Patents thereupon shall be void Stat 18. H. 6. 1. All Letters Patents which bear not date the day of the delivery of the Kings-warrant into the Chancery shall be void Stat. 34. 35. H. 8. 21. A confirmation of all estates contained by or conveyed from the King within seven years after the fourth of February in the 27 year of his raign notwithstanding any mis-recitall non-recitall c. with divers provisoes c. therein contained Stat. 1. E. 6. 8. Such another Statute for the confirmation of all grants made and to be made by E. 6. from the 28 of January in the first year of his raign and so during his life with such provisoes c. as in the sayd Act of H. 8. Stat. 4 5 P.M. 1. Another like Statute for the confirmation of grants made and to be made to or by the Queen or the King and Queen from the first of July in the first year of her Reign and so during her life with provisoes as in the former Acts. Stat. 18. El. 2. Another like confirmation of al grants made to for or by the Queen or to be made within seven years next after the end of this Session with like provisoes c. Stat. 43. El. 1. Another confirmation of grants made by Qu El. from the eight of February in the 25 yeare of her raign untill the end of this Session and a year after Stat. 21. Jac. 25. The King c. shall not take advantage of Forfeitures against his Patentees before Commission Processe c. Stat. 21. Jac. 29. A confirmation of Leases of the Duchy lands in Cornwall Stat. 1. Car. 2. Such another for Leases thereof to be made within three years CHAP. 3. Rule 6. STat. 32. H. 8. 34. Grants of Reversions may enter upon Farmers for any Forfeiture or condition and have like advantages against them by action onely for any other Covenants condition or agreement eontained in the Indenture of their lease as the Lessors their heirs or successors might And the like for the Lessees against the grantees of reversions Recovery in value only excepted CHAP. 4. Rule 9. STat. 6. H. 8 15. If any make suit to the King for lands offices or other things formerly granted to any person during the Kings pleasure the first Patentee being still in life the last grantee shall expresse in his Petition or pattent the former pattent and the determination of the Kings pleasure concerning the same otherwise the last grant shall be voyd Rule 15. Glocester 7. 6. E. 1. If a woman alien her dower in fee or for life the heir or other person to whom the Land ought to revert shall recover against the Alience in her life time CHAP. 5. Rule 5. MErton 9 20. H. 3. A child borne before Marriage is a bastard albeit the common order of the Church be otherwise Stat. 9. H. 6. 11. No writ shall be awarded to the ordinary to certifie Bastardy before three Proclamations be made in Chancery in three moneths viz once every moneth that all persons who have any thing to object against the party for bastardy shall sue to the Ordinary for that purpose Rule 8. Merton 5. 10. H. 3. Usury shall not run against any within age from the time of the death of his Ancestor whose heir he is unto his lawfull age yet the principal with usury due before the Ancestors death shall be paid notwithstanding this Act. Rule 10. Stat. 32. H. 8. 33. The dying seised of a disseisor with force and without title taketh not away the entry of him and his heirs who at the time of such discent had good title of Entry unlesse the disseisor had peaceable possession by five years next after such disseisin Rule 14 Westm 2. 1 13 E. 1. The will of the giver according to the form in the deed of gift manifestly expressed shall be from henceforth observed so that they to whom the land was given under such condition viz. that if the donee or donees should die without issue that then the land should revert to the donor should have no power to alien the land so given but that it shall rename to their issue after their death or shall revert to the giver or his heirs if issue fail neither shall the second husband of any such woman being donee in tail from henceforth have any thing of the land so given upon condition after the death of his wife by the Law of England neither shall the issue of such husband and wife succeed in the inheritance but immediatly after the death of the husband and wife to whom the land was given it shall returne to their issue or to the giver or his
shall be no wreck but the things shall be prised by the Sheriff or Coroneâ— and delivered to those of the Town where they 〈◊〉 found to answer for them So as if any within a yeâ—â— and a day prove that the goods are his they shall 〈◊〉 restored to him CHAP. 13. Rule 3. Stat. 32. H. 8 28. Leases made by tenant 〈◊〉 tail or by him who is seised in the right of his wife or Church they being of full age at the time of such a lease made shal be good against the Lessors their wives heirs and successors This Statute shal not extend to any lease to be made of lands in the hands of any Farmer by force of aâ— old lease unlesse such an old lease expired within a yeaâ— after the making of the new nor to any grant to be made of any reversion of such lands nor to any lease oâ— lands which have been let to Farm 20 years before such lease made nor to any lease made without impeachment for waste nor for above 21 years or three lives from the making thereof and that upon every such lease there be reserved so much yearly rent as hath biâ— usually paid within 20 years before such lease made And the reversioner of such lands c. may after the death of such lessor oâ— his heirs have such remedie against such lessee his executors and assignes as such lessor might have had against such lessee Provided that all leases made by the husband of land c. being the inheritance of the wife shall be made by Indenture in the name of the husband and wife and she to seal to the same and the rent shall be reserved to the husband and wife and the heires of the wife And here the husband shall not alien or discharge the rent or any part thereof longer then during the coverture unlesse it be by fine leived by husband and wife No fine feoffment or other act done by the husband only of the inheritance or free-hold of the wife shall make any discontinuance or prejudice the wife or any other who is to enjoy the estate after her decease fines leived by the husband and wife onely excepted Stat. 1. El. not printed All estates made by any Arch-Bishop or Bishop of any mannors Lands c. parcel of their Bishoprick other then to the Queen c. and other then for 21 years and three lives from the time of such estate made and whereupon the accustomed yearly rent or more shall be reserved shall be void Stat. 13. El. 10. All leases conveyances and estates made by any master and Fellowes of a Colledge Dean and Chapter Guardian of an hospital Parson Vicar or other having any ecclesiastical living c. other then for 21 years or three lives from the making and wherupon the accustomed yearly rent or more is reserved shall be void Stat. 14. El. 11. The branch of the Statute of 13. El. 10. made to avoid certain Leases shall not extend to houses scituate in Corporations or Market-townes or the Suburbs thereof nor to the grounds of such houses so as they be not the dwelling houses of the persons there restrained nor have 10 acres of ground belonging to them Provided that no leases in reversion shal be made of such houses nor without reserving the accustomed yearly rent at least nor without charging the lessâ—â— with reparations nor for a longer term then 40 years Neither shall any such houses be aliened without purchasing presently after other lands in Fee-simple of good value Stat. 18. El. 11. All leases made by such persons are mentioned in 13. El. 10. where another lease is being not to be expired surrendred or ended with three yeares next after the making of such new lease shall be void And all Bonds Covenants for renting of any such lease contrary to this Act or to thâ— said Stat. of 13 El. 10. shall also be void Rule 21. Westm 2. 5. 13. E. 1. Usurpation of Churches during wardship particular estates Coverture 〈◊〉 Vacanci shall not bar the heir at full age the reversener or remainder in possession the feme-discovert 〈◊〉 the spiritual person in succesion from having their wriâ— of Advowson possessory viz a quare impedit or an assize of Darrein presentment as their ancestor or predecestor might have had usurpation had happened in their time whereas before this Act they were 〈◊〉 such cases put to their writ of right of Advowson One and the same form of pleading shall be used 〈◊〉 Darrein presentment and Quare impedit viz. if the defendant alledged plenartie of his own presenatiâ—â— the plea shall not stay by reason of the plenartie so 〈◊〉 the writ be purchased within the six moneths albeit 〈◊〉 cannot recover within that time Where partition is made upon record or by fine 〈◊〉 present by turn the Coparcener that is disturbed shaâ—â— not be put to a Quare impedit but may have remedâ— upon the Roll or fine by Scire facias And amongâ—â— Coparceners if one present twice together yet shaâ—â— not the other barred but have his other turn when it falleth CHAP. 14. Rule 4. Westm 2. 34. 13. E. 1. If a man ravished woman married maid or other albeit she did consent after he shall have judgment of life and member and here the King shall have the suit Stat. 6. R. 2. 6. Both the ravisher and ravished where she consents after the fact are disabled to have or chalenge any inheritance dower or loint-estate after the death of their husband or ancestor In an appeal of Rape the Husband father or next of the blood shall have the suit and the Defendant shal not be received to wage Battail CHAP. 15. Rule 2. WEstm 1. 33. 3. E. 1. he that publisheth any false news or tales whereby discord or occasion of discord slander may grow betwen the King his people or the Nobles shall be kept in prison untill he hath brought him forth into the Court that did speak the same Stat. 12. R. 2. 11. The like for him that telleth false lies of nobles and great offices whereby discord may arise between the Lords and Commons Stat. 12. R. 2. 11. in the case of these former Statutes if the party cannot bring forth him that speak the same he shall be punished by the aduise of the Council CHAP. 19 Rule 4. 31. E. 3. Stat. 1. 2. If any man or Town charged with the goods of fugitives or felons will in discharge of himself alledge another that is chargeable therewith he or they shall be heard and right shall be done him Stat. 1. R. 3. 3. None shall seize the goods of any arrested for suspition of felonie before he be convict or attaint thereof or the same goods be otherwise lawfully forfeited in pain to forfeit to the party grieved double the value of the goods so taken to be recovered by action of debt c. Rule 6. 1. E. 6. 12. The wife shall be endowed albeit her husband were attainted convicted or
when the Grand jury is taken and may plead in bar of the attaint but not in abatement of the writ XIX The Plaintiffe in the Attaint can give no more Evidence then was given at the first but the defendant in affirmance of the first verdict may XX. Audita querela is for one being or to be in execution to relieve him upon good matter of discharge which he hath no means to plead XXI The processe where the Audita querela is sued before execution is a venire facias and distresse and upon default after appearance and plea pleaded a distringas ad audiendum judicium for thereby judgment is to be given against him XXII In case of an Audita querela sued before execution he may have a supersedeas upon good matter of discharge surmised in the writ of Audita querela to stay for once the execution upon sureties XXIII After execution the processe is onely a Scire facias for if the processe should be by distresse infinite peradventure the partie should loose issues to keep the others body in perpetual prison FINIS STATUTES CHAP. I. Rule 1. IN the second Volume of old Statutes is a long Act made Anno 12 E 1. entituled Statuta Walliae whereby it appeareth that Wales was then incorporated into England there are also many good Lawes concerning the division of Wales into Counties also for trials of Actions together with divers formes of Writs and the proceeding thereupon much like the Lawes of England c. Stat. 27. H. 8. 26. Incorporateth Wales into England and the other Statutes that concern it are 28. E. 3 2. 9. H. 4. 4 2. H. 5. Stat. 2. 5. 26 H. 8 4. 26 H 8. 6 27 H. 8. 7. 33. H. 8. 13. 34. 35. H. 8 26. 18 El. 8. 27. El 9 Rule 35. Stat. 37. H. 8. 21. By assent of Ordinary Incumbent and Patron under their seales an union may be made of two Churches being not above six pounds yearly value in the Kings Books nor distant one from another above a mile saving to the King his tenths and first fruits Incorporate Towns it must be by assent of the Corporation If such a poor Parish will within a year assure by writing to the incumbent and his successors 8 l. yearly the union shall be void Rule 36. c. Magna Charta 36. 9 H. 3. If any shall give lands to a religious house the grant shall be void and the land forfeit to the Lord of the fee. Stat. of Glocester or de religiosis 7 E. 1. If lands be aliened in Mortmain the immediate Lord hath a year to enter the next Lord half a yeare and so from Lord to Lord till it come to the King Westm 2. 32. 13. E. 1. Ecclesiasticall persons being debarred by the former statutes to obtain lands in Mortmain by alienation endevoured fraudulently to obtain them by default in a suit And therefore in such case it as ordained by this statute that it should be enquired by the country whether or no the Demandant had just title and if so then he should recover seisin but if otherwise the Lord of the fee should enter as before West 2. 41. The King founder of a religious house may seize Lands which he gave them if they alien Ordinatio de perquirendis libertatibus 27. E. 1. Before licences are obtained to Amortize lands the writ Ad quod damnum shall issue out of the Chancery to inquire concerning the same c. The statute of Amortizing of Lands 34. E. 1. Lands shal not be aliened in Mortmain where there be mean lords without their consents declared under their seals neither shal any thing pass where the donor reserveth nothing to himself or where the inquisition is made and returned without warrant viz. without the writ Originall returned with the inquisition c. The statute of writs for making inquisitions of Land to be put in Mortmain Incerti temporis Writs of Ad quod damnum for amortizing lands shall not be granted but upon petition in full Parliament Stâ—tutum de Clero 3. 18 E. 3. If Prelates Clerks beneficed or other people of religion being impeached for purchasing lands in mortmaine shew the Kings charter of license process therupon made by an Inquest of Ad quod damnum or of the Kings grace or by fine they shall be in peace And albeit they cannot sufficiently shew that they have entred by due process licence to them granted yet they shall be well received to make a convenient fine for the same Stat. 15. R. 2. 5. Lands converted to a Church-yard or purchased to the use of any spirituall person Guilds or Fraternities or by a corporation shall be within the Statute of Glocester 7. E. 1. CHAP. 2. Rule 3 PRaecog Reg. 9. 17. E. 3. The King shal have the custody of the lands of naturall fools taking the profits thereof without waste and finding them necessaries and after their death shall render them to the right heir Praec Reg. 10. The King shall provide that the lands of lunaticks be safely kept without waste and that they and their families if they have any shall be maintained with the profits thereof and that the residue be kept for their use and delivered unto them when they become to be of right mind so as their lands shall not be aliened neither shall the king have any profit therof to his own use But if they dye in such estate the residue shall be distributed for their souls by the advice of the Ordinary Rule 4. Stat. 1. R. 3. 1. All grants conveyances recoveryes and other assurances made by Cesti que use being of full age Compos mentis and at large shall be good against him and all others claiming as his heir or heirs or to his use saving the right of all others Stat. 4. H. 7. 17. The heir of Cesty que use of Knight-service land shall be in ward and pay relief Stat. 19. H. 7. 15. execution upon judgment statute or recognizance shall be good against Cesty que use The heir of Cstey que use shall pay relief heriot c. Cesty que use being a Bond man the Land shall be seised by the Lord. Stat. 27. H 8. 10. Where any be seised to the use of trust of another Cesty que use or trust shall have the possession in such qualitie manner and condition as he had the use or trust so when any be seised to the use or intent that another shall have a yearly rent of the same lands Cesty que use of the rent shall be deemed in the possession thereof of like estate as he had that use Stat. 27. H. 8. 16. Bargaines and sales to raise an use of Inheritance or freehold must be by deed indented and inrolled within six moneths in a court of record at Wstem or in the County where the land lieth Rule 9. Stat. 50. E. 3. 6. Fraudulent Assurances of lands or goods to deceive Creditors shall be void and the creditors shall
heirs as aforesaid A Fine levied of such lands shall be void in Law and the heir or reversioner albeit they be for full age in England and out of prison need not make their claim Howbeit this clause concerning a fine is altered by 32 H 8. 39. which see infra Stat. 34 35. H. 8 20. No common recovery 〈◊〉 lands in tail of the gift or other provision of the King or his progenitors though it be with voucher against tenant in tail the remainder or reversion being 〈◊〉 the King at the time of the recovery shall bind the heir in tail or bar him of his entry Tenant in us◠shall take no advantage for any rccompence in valor agianst the vouchee or his heirs Rule 24. Mag. Cart. 7. 9. H. 3. The wife after the death of her husband shall abide in his chief messuage forty dayes within which time her dower shall be assigned her If the chief messuage be a Castle then she shall have a competent house provided her til her dower be assigned Westm 2. 34. 13. E. 1. A woman that leaveth her husband and abideth with an adulterer shall not have Dower unlesse the husband voluntarily and without coertion of the Church reconcile her and suffer her to dwell with him Stat. 11. H. 7. 20. If a woman that hath an estate in Dower for life or in tail joyntly with her husband or only to her self or to her use in any lands c. of the inheritance or purchase of her husband or given to the husband and wife by the husbands ancestors or any seised to the use of the husband or his ancestors do sole or which an after taken husband discontinue or suffer a recovery by Covin it shall be voyd and he to whom the land ought to belong after the death of the said woman may enter as if the woman were dead without discontinuance or recovery Howbeit the woman may enter after the Husbands death but if the woman were sole the recovery or discontinuance barreth her for ever This Act extends not to any recovery or discontinuance with the heir next inheritable to the woman or by his consent of Record enrolled Stat. 27. H. 8. 10. Where an estate is made in possession or use to Husband and wife and his heirs or the heirs of their bodies or of one of their bodies or to them for their lives or for the wives life for her Jointure In any of these cases she shall not have Dower Howbeit upon a lawfull eviction of that Jointure she shall be endowed according to the rate of her husbands land whereof she was dowable Such a Joynture being made after marriage the wife after the husbands death may refuse it and betake her to her Dower unlesse such Joyntute be made by Act of Parliament CHAP. 7. Rule 7. STat. de districtione Scaccarii 51. H. 3◠The owner of impounded cattel may give them food without disturbance A distresse taken for the Kings debt shall not be sold within 15 dayes and upon shewing of a Tally and giving security for his appearance in the Exchequer upon the next accompt the distresse shall cease◠The Sherif shall also attach the party that received the debt to be there likewise at the same time Neither draught cattel nor sheep shall be distrained except for Damage-feasant so long as other goods may be found to satisfye the debt Distresses shall be reasonable The Sheriffe shall answer all debts received and where the Sherif chargeth himself the debt shal be quitted Marlebr 15. 52. H. 3. It shall not be lawfull for any except the King and his officers having special authority to take distresses out of his fee or in the Kings high way or in the common street Marlebr 4. None shall drive a distresse out of the County wherein it is taken in pain to be fined and to make recompence to the party grieved none shal take an unreasonable distress in pain of amerciament Westm 1. 16. 3. E. 1. None shall drive a distress out of the County or distrain wrongfully upon the penalties provided by the Statute of Marlebr Westm 2. 36. 13. E. 1. None shall procure any to distrain another to make him appear at the county court or any other inferiour court on purpose to vex him and put him to charge and trouble in pain to make fine to the King and to pay the party grieved treble damages Westm 2. 37. 13. E. 1. No distresse shall be taken but by Bailiffs known and sworn in pain to restore damages to the party grieved and to be grievously punished by the King Artic. Cler. 9. 9. E. 2. Distresses shall not be taken in the High-way nor in the ancient fees of the Church Stat. 1 2. P.M. 12. No distresse of Cattell shall be driven out of the hundred rape wapentake or lath where it is taken except to a pound Overt within the same Shire not above three miles distant from the place where it is so taken Neither shall a distresse be impounded in several places whereby the owner may be constrained to sue several Replevins for the delivery thereof in pain to forfeit to the party grieved for every offence committed against the Act. 5 l. and treble damages None shall take above 4 d. for the poundage of one whole distresse and where lesse is usually taken to take lesse in paine to forfeit it to the party grieved 5 l. and so much money as is taken above 4 d. Rule 24 Quia emptores terrarum 18. E. 1. In all Feoffments to one and his heirs the Feoffee shall hold his land and the chief Lord of the fee by the same services that the Feoffer held before Here if the Feoffment be made of parcel he shall hold of the chief Lord pro particula according to the quantity of the land and the Feoffor shall be set free for that part Rule 27. Mag. Cart. 31. 9. H. 3. If a Baronie c. Escheat to the King the tenants that hold of the same not having other lands that hold of the King in cheif shall pay like relief and do like services to the King after such Escheat as they payd or did to their former Lords and not otherwise Stat. 1. E. 6 4. So also it is when a Seigniorie cometh to the King by attainder conviction outlawry dissolution or surrender Stat 1. E. 3. Stat. 2. Cap 12. Lands holden of the King in chief and aliened without licence shall not be forfeited but a reasonable fine shall be taken of such lands so aliened by due processe in Chancery A◠cap. 13 lands holden of the King as of some Honor sh◠not be taken into the Kings hands as if they were holden of the King in chief as of his Crown Rule 31. Stat. 33. H. 8 22. A fee set down for respiting of Homage in the Exchequer or other Courts Rule 35. Marlebr 9. 52. H. 3. None enfeoffed b◠deed shall be distrained to do suit to his Lords Court unlesse he be bound to
do it by the form of his deed or he or his ancestors have used to do it before the Kings first voyage in Brittain being about 39 years and an halfe before the making of this Statute The eldest Coparcener shall only do suit of Court and the other parceners shall be contributary All one Jointenant or tenant in Common shall do the 〈◊〉 and the rest shall contribute Rule 38. Westm 35. Reasonable aid shall be 20 l. for a whole Knights fee and as much for 20. l. land iâ— soccage and so more or lesse according to that rate It shall be levied at 15 years age of the son and â— years of the daughter and if the Father levy it and dye before the marriage of the daughter the father executors shall be charged therewith and if they have not assets the heir shall be therewith charged Stat. 25 E. 3. Stat. 5. 11. Reasonable aid to make the Kings eldest son a Knight and to marry his eldeâ— daughter shall be levied of all lands holden of the King without Mean according to the rate in the former Statute Rule 43. Marlbr 17. 52. H. 3. Guardian in soccage shall make no waste sale or destruction of the heirs inheritance but safely keep the same to the use of the heir and when he comes to age shall answer the issues thereof by a lawful accompt saving his reasonabl costs neither shall such Guardian sell the marriage of such heir but to his advantage Rule 48. Magn. Cart 3 9. H. 3. The Lord shall take homage of the heir before he have the Wardship and such heir after he hath been in Ward shall at his full age of 21 yeares have his inheritance without relief or fine and if the heir within age be made a Knight yet his land shall remain in ward untill his full age aforesaid Marlebr 6. 52. H. 3. If one enfeoffe his heir within age to cause the Lord to lose his Wardship and die yet the Lord shall have the Wardship So when a fraudulent feoffment is made by a tenant upon condition to revert after certain yeares to him and his heirs if the feoffees pay not a certain sum to the value or more then the value of the lands In such case the Lord shall have a writ de Cuctodia reddenda And if being able to aver this matter he recover yet the feoffees shall have the land again when the heir comes to age Howbeit the Lord not being able to aver it shall render the feoffees their costs and damages Stat. 32. H. 1. Two Jointenants or more holding of the King and he that hath the fee dyeth the King shal presently have the ward-ship and marriag of the body of his heir if he be within age Saving to every woman her dower of two parts of those lands divided from the third part as in that Statute is directed and saving to the King during the wards minority the reversion of such Jointenants and tenants in dower Rule 50. Merton 6. 20. H 3. If any heir 14 yeares old or above marrie himself without licence of his Lord to defraud him of the marriage and the Lord of him a convenient marraige without disparagement thâ— Lord shall retain the land beyond the term of his fuâ—â— age untill he may receive the double value of the maâ—riage If a Lord marrie the heir within 14 yeares of age whereby he is disparaged he shall lose the Wardship and the profits of the lands shal by the Wards friends be converted to the Wards use Merton 7. 20. H. 3. If an heir will not marry at the request of the Lord he shall pay to the lord as much as his marraige is worth for of right the marraige of an heir within age pertaineth to the Lord. West 1. 22. 3. E. 1. The Lord may hold the land oâ— heirs female two yeares after their age of 14 within which two years if he marrie them not they shall gâ— quit without giving any thing for the wardship or marriage and If they will not except a convenient marriage tendred by the Lord he shall hold the land til their age of 21 yeares and over until he have taken the value of the marriage Stat 4. 5. P.M. 8. None shall take or convey or care to be taken or conveyed away any maid or woman child unmarried being within the age of 16 yeares or of the custodie and against the will of the father or mother of such childe or of the person to whom the father of such child by his last will or other act in his life time hath appointed the governance of such chilâ— except such taking shall be without fraud by or foâ— the Master or Mistris of such childe or her Guardiaâ— in Soccage or Chivalrie in pain of two years imprisoâ—ment with out Bail or else to pay such fine as shall be assessed by the Council in the Star-chamber None shall take away or deflower any such childe oâ— against the will of her father if he be living or of heâ— mother having the custody of her if the Father bâ— dead contract matrimony with any such Child except by the title of Wardship in pain of five years imprisonment or to pay a fine to be assessed by the sayd Councill The Fines are to be divided betwixt their Majesties and the prosecutor The said Council and Justices of Assize have power to hear and determine these offences If any such child above the age of 12. and under the age of 14 consent to any such contract of matrimony the next of the kin to whom her inheritance should come shall enjoy it during her life but after her decease it shall revert to the right inheritor other then to him that did so contract matrimony This act shall not prejudice any custome in London or any other Citty or town concerning Orphans CHAP. Rule 6. MErton 4 20. H. 3. Lords of wastes or commonable woods or pastures may approve against their Tenants part thereof so as they leave sufficient Common besides together with free ingresse and regresse to enjoy the same West 2 46 13 E. 1. Such a Lord may approve in like sort against his neighbours which have common appurtenance and for a Windmil Sheepcote Dairy enlarging of a Court or Courtilage none shall be grieved by Assize of novel disseisin If a ditch or hedge made for that purpose be thrown down and the parties offending be not discovered by the Townes adjacent they shall make it up again and render damages Stat. 3. E. 6. 3. Upon Iudgment for the Plaintiff in an Assize upon any branch of the said Statutes of Merton and Westm 2. the Court shall award treble damages This Statute shall not extend to houses built before the making thereof not having above three acres laid to them nor to a Garden Orchard or Pond not exceeding two acres Stat. 43. El. 11. All contract made betwixt Lords and Commoners of wasts c. subject to surrounding shall be good save where the Queen
every Accomptant or him that receiveth money for the Queen or her successors to be imployed to the use of the Queen c. shall be extended in the nature of a Statute staple for the payment of the arrerages Or the Queen c. if he do not satisfy within six moneths after the arrerages found may sell his land and the party may have the surplussage to be delivered to him by him that received the money upon the sale without further warrant This sale to be of any land whereof it is found by Inquisition that the Accomptant taketh the profits with Inquisition if it be true after traverse of the office and that found for him he shall have his land againe without any petition livery or Ouster le main Here if any such buy land with the Queens treasure and pay not the arrerages as before the Queen shall seize and retain the land according to the rate that the party had it This Act extendeth not to such officers as have used to disburse money immediatly after their accounts past as the treasurers of War Garisons Navies c. unlesse the Queen c. command present pay Neither doth it extend to Accomptants whose whole Receit exceedeth not 300 l. not to Sheriffes Escheators or Bailiffes of Liberties The Queen c being satisfied by sale of land the sureties shall be discharged for so much and if any remain yet unpaid the sureties shall pay the residue ratably according to their abilites Stat. 2 7. El. 3. the Queen c. may make sale of the accomptants lands c. as wel after his death as in his life time and as well where the accompt was made and the debt known within eight years after his death as in his life time Provided that after the Accomptants death and before the lands be sold a fcire facias shall be awarded to garnish the heir to shew cause why the lands c. should not be sold c. whereupon if the heir upon such Garnishment or two nihils returned do not prove unto the Court that the executors or administrators of the accomptant have sufficient then ten moneths after such two nihils or garnishment returned the lands c. shall be sold and disposed according to the Stat. of 13. El. 4 Nevertheless the heirs sale bona fide and upon good consideration before the scire facias awarded shall be good to him that is not consenting to defraud the Queen c. This Act shall extend to all Officers of Receipts and Accompts to the Queen and to none other The heirs lands c. shall not be sold during his minority but at any time within eight years after his ful age they shall be liable as aforesaid If the Accomptant or debtor had a Quietus est in his life time that shall discharge the heir of debt Stat. 7. Ja. 15 No debt shall be assigned to the King c. by any debtor or accomptant other then such debts as did before grow due originally to the Kings debtor or Accomptant bona fide All Grants and Assignments of debts to the King c. contrary to the true intent of this Act shall be void Rule 15. Marlbr 23. 52. H. 3 Attachment given in an Action of Accompt against Bayliffs that withdraw themselves and have no lands or tenements to be distrained by Westm 2. 11. 13. E. 1. He to whom the accompt is to be made may assign Auditors to take it who may immediately commit to the next Gaole the Accomptant being found in arrerages till he fully satisfie wherupon the Accomptant finding himself grieved may bring the matter by a scire facias before the Barons of the Exchequer CHAP. 32. Rule 22. WEstm 1-20 3. E. 1. Trespassers in parts and Ponds attainted at the suit of the party besides making large amends according to the trespass and fine at the Kings pleasure shall have three years imprisonment and finde good surety not to commit the like trespasse And if he cannot finde surety he shall abjure the Realm Being a fugitive and having no lands or tenements whereby to be justified he shall be proclaimed from county to county and if he appear not outlawed Stat. 5. R. 2. 7. None shall enter into lands or tenements by force in pain of Imprisonment and ransome at the the Kings pleasure Stat. 15 R. 2. 2. When forcible entry is made into lands or Church-livings one or more Justices of peace taking sufficient power and going to the place so kept by force may commit the offender to the next Gaole there to remain convict by the Justices record till he hath made fine and ransome to the King and herein the Sheriff and all others shall be assistant in paine of Imprisonment and great fines making Stat. 8. H. 6. 9. The Statute of 15 R. 2. 2. shall be duely put in execution both against forcible entry and forcible detainer though the entry was peaceable When complaint of any such entry or detainer shall be made to any such Justice or Justices of peace he or they by precept shall command the Sheriffe to summon a sufficient Jury and having by them made inquiry of the force committed shall cause the tenements to be reseised and that as well in the absence as presence of the party offending And here the alienation of tenements so entred into or detained by force for maintenance shall be adjudged void Howbeit this Act shall endamage none where peaceable possession hath been enjoyed three years Stat. 31. El. 11. There shall be no restitution upon an Indictment of forcible entry or detainer where the defendant hath been three years next before in quiet possession and his estate therein ended Stat. 21. Ja. 15. Vpon force or detainer as aforesaid a Justice or Justices of peace have power to give restitution of possession as well unto tenants for years by Elegit Statute-Merchant or staple copiholders or Guardians by Knight service as unto such as claim freehold or Inheritance Merton 6 20. H. 3. A Lay-man ravishing or marrying a Ward within 14 years of age shall be imprisoned besides losse of the value of the marriage Westm 2. 35. 13. E. 1. A strict Law against one that taketh away a Ward CHAP. 33. Rule 2. MAgna Cart. 34. 9. H. 3. A woman shall have no appeal but only of the death of her husband Glocester 9. 6. E. 1. An appeal of the death of a man must be brought within the year Stat. 3. H. 7. 1. One acquitted upon an indictment of Murder or man-slaughter or as accessory shall not go at large without good bayl untill the year and day be past within which time an appeall may be brought if no Clergy be had before and all advantages therein saved as if the acquittall had not been CHAP. 34. Rule 17. 18. WEst 2. 7. A guardian may have writ of admeasurement of dower howbeit the heir at full age shal not be barred by that suit if the guardian did follow it faintly In
Leviable by distresse as A Seigniory which is a Service whereby Land is holden and such Services are Common to all certain Estates Fealty Rent service Hither also may be referred Frankalmoigne and Divine Service Proper to Inheritance Generall Homage Suit of Court Particular whereby Lands are distinguished The Services themselves Soccage Knight-seâ—vice In the Lords life-time as reasonable Ayde After his death as Wardship and Releif A Rent charge which is a Rent with liberty to distrain upon the Grant or Reservation of a certain Rent to be issuing out of Land Such as cannot be distrained for Tab. 8. The persons Tab. 9. TABLE 8. A bare Hereditament concerning Land for which no distresse can be taken is Rent-seck which is a Rent without liberty to distrain Common which is a profit to be taken in anothers land whither also may be referred Estovers Houseboot c. Also a way over Land liberty to Fish Hunt draw water or the like TABLE 9. A bare Hereditament that concerns the person is Of the person himselfe as a Villaine By reason of the person viz. An Annuity which is a yearly Rent to be had of the person of the Grantor A Corody which is a portion for ones sustenance or cloathing An Office which is a duty of attendance upon a charge TABLE 10. A Prerogative hereditament which is derived from the Kings Prerogative and is termed a Franchise being a Royall priviledge in the hands of a Subject as Markets Fairs Toll and whatsoever liberties else which created at first by the Kings special Grant or of their own nature belonging to him are given to a common person to have an estate in Of this sort also are Execution and return of Writs forfeited Recognizances Fines Post-fines Issues Amerciaments and other Green wax money within such a Precinct or Liberty Also power there to make a Coroner Clerk of the Market and other Officers to have therein Treasure Trove Deodands Wreck of the Sea Waifes Estrayes the goods of Felons and outlawed persons Royall mines Royall Fish to keep a Leet to take Conusance of Fines to hold plea of debts and damages Sans summe and the like TABLE 11. A Chattel wherein their cannot be several Estates whereof consider The common Affection viz. That all ones own Chattels whether in possession or action as debts c. may be devised by Testament which is the appointment of an Executor to administer them for him after his death The severall kinds and so it is Reall as a Term for years or Wardship Personall to which divers things belong In generall Bailment which is the delivery of goods To keep when only the custody is committed to him and that is A simple bailment when he receiveth them to keep for another A Pledge when he receiveth them for another thing had of him at the time To employ as when the Bailee hath the things to use for anothers profit Contract which is a mutuall agreement for the very property of Personal things In particular viz. for the Interest of things uncertain as Accord which is an agrement of the parties themselves upon satisfaction executed Arbitrement which is an Award of satisfaction by others TABLE 12. Punishment of Offences which are Without force as Trespass upon the Case Common as Misuses when by wrong one is endamaged as by slander or the like amongst which serve Disturbance which is the hindring of that which belongeth to one to do Nusanee which is an annoyance done to ones Hereditament Deceit when the damage groweth by an undue sleight or the like Conspiracy to do one wrong or the like Offences in the nature of Trespasses upon the Case which are by the Kings Prerogative punishable like to them viz. by amerciament as Non-suit in an action Fault in the Original Writ he brings Or by the Sheriff in the return thereof making default when he should appear And whatsoever other Offences not being with force which offer no direct injury to a common person Reall wrong Tab. 13. Coupled with force Tab. 14. TABLE 13. A reall wroÌ„g is Discontinuance when one having an Estate Tail or Fee-simple in anothers right maketh a large Estate of the Land then he may Ouster when one is put out of his Free-hold Indeed as by Disseisin of Land when one is put or held out by a forcible Entry Detainer Rent as In every rent by Incloser Forstaller In rent service rent charge by Rescous Replevin In rent-charge rent-seck by denyer Usurpation when the Church becometh full by the presentment of a wrong Patron In Law as by Intrusion which is after the death of the Tenant for life Abatement which is after the death of one that had the Inheritance TABLE 14. Wrongs coupled with force and they are Not punishable by death Trespasses and they touch Possessions as in Goods which is the wrongfull taking of them with pretence of Title Land when it is done upon an actual possession thereof The person and so Trespasses are With preteÌ„ce of violence as Menaces which are threatning words of beating one or the like Assault which is an unlawfull setting upon ones person With violence indeed as False Imprisonment which is an unlawfull restraint of liberty Bodily hurts and they are Outward violencies Battery which is the wrongful beating of one Maime which is the wrongful spoyling of a member defensable in fight Rape which is the carnall abusing of a woman against her will Offences against the Publike Tab. 15. Punishable by death Tab. 19. TABLE 15. Offences against the publike termed Contempts may be committed either Against the King as 1. To disobey the Kings Command By his Writ By his Proclamation 2. Disobey any thing ordained by Statute Against the Common-wealth viz. against 1. The peace thereof as Riots Routs unlawfull Assemblies breach of the Peace and Good behaviour false news Barreting Evâ—s-dropping c. Also all Trespasses with force for which a man may be both indicted and prosecuted at Law by the Suit of the Party 2. The strengh as to send aide to the Kings Enemies to go beyond Sea without the Kings Licence c. 3. The Justice Tab. 16. 4. The Wealth Tab. 17. 5. The Passages Tab. 18. TABLE 16. 3. Publick Offences against the Justice of the Common-wealth as 1 Perverting of Justice as corrupt Judges who pervert Justice corrupt or negligent Officers Enditors corrupt Jurors Extortion Escapes negligent and voluntary c. 2 All force against the Justice of the Realm as Rescous of a Felon or others Affairs in disturbance of Justice to go armed in the Kings Palace To strike in Westminster Hall for which he shall loose his right hand so shall he that strikes a Juror in the presence of the Justices and be also committed to perpetuall Imprisonment 3. Conventicles which comprehend conspirators and Confederators Maintenance Champerty c. 4 Offences in favour of Malefactors as Misprisions of Treason or Felony which for Treason is perpetuall Imprisonment Theft-boot when a man receives his goods