the Commons if they had any Petitions of Grievances done to the People or for the amendment of the Law they should bring them into Parlement and told the Prelates and Lords they were to attend the Business of all Persons Petitions in the Places where they were assigned And then after a long 6 Ib. n. 9. Treaty and Debate by the Commons that is the 24 or 30 Persons chosen to confer with the Great Men sent to them by the King with the Commonalty and the Advice of the Great Men sent to them as well about a convenient Ayd to the King to oppose the Malice of his Adversary as about making the Petitions concerning the common People of the Land puis apres longe Trete Deliberation eues pur les Upon Treaty of the Committee and Advice of the Lords sent to them Comunes ove la Comunalte lavis de ascuns des Grantz a eux envoies sibien sur un eide que convendroit a Roi c. The Commons came before the King and all the Great Men in Parlement vindrent les ditz Comunes devant nostre Seigneur le Roi touz les Grantz en Parlement and shewed how the Common People of the Land were much impoverished by the late Mortal Pestilence as by other Burthens Taxes Taillages and many other Payments laid upon them but notwithstanding these Mischiefs having regard to the necessary Defence to be made for the safety of the Nation against so great Malice of the Enemies of the Kingdom delivered to the King in full Parlement a Roll baillerent a le Roi en Parlement une A Roll of an Ayd and the Petitions of the Commons was delivered to the King Roul c. containing as well the Ayd which they had intirely with one accord granted as the Petitions touchant la comune de la terre concerning the Commons of the Land to which they prayed the King to give a good and quick Answer bon hastif Respons He granted their Prayer and Thanked them for the great Ayds given him before and for that now granted and for the good Will and Nature which he had always found in his Commons before this time and now finds in this Affair Then follows the Grant 7 Ib. n. 10. The Ayd of Three Tenths and Three Fifteenths granted to the King this Parlement by the Great Men of the Land and the whole Commons Grantees a nostre Seigneur le Roi en cest present Parlement par les Grantz du Roialme par tote la Comune c. for the great necessity declared to the said Commons by the King and Great Men par le Roi les Grantz avantditz to be paid as the last Tenths and Fifteenths were in Three years c. upon the Conditions following To wit 8 Ib. n. 11. The Conditions of the Ayd That all the Fines Issues Amerciaments Profits and Excesses levied or to be levied upon the Labourers Artificers Regrators c. go to the Commons toward this Tax c. as in the Statutes at Large now nothing to the purpose and so the Answer That hereafter 9 Ib. n. 12. no Tax Taillage Ayds or Charges be demanded or levied of the Commons and that all the reasonable Petitions prayed by the Commons may be granted confirmed and sealed before the departure of this Parlement As to Tax and Taillage 1 Rot. Ib. The King's Answer 't is not the intention of the King or the Great Men ne des Grantz they should ever be charged As to granting their reasonable Petitions the King is pleased it should be done Also the Commons pray 2 Ib. n. 16. the Loans that were granted to the King by many Persons of the Commons may be released and none compelled to make such Loans for the future against his will for that 't was against Reason and the Franchise of the Land and that Restitution might be made to those that had made the Loans The King 3 Rot. Ib. The King's Answer is pleased it should be so Also That whereas the Justices 4 Ib. n. 17. assigned in divers Counties have judged many Men that were Arraigned before them as Traitors for divers Causes unknown to the Commons to be Treason That the King by his Council par les Grantz Sages de la Terre and by the Great and Wise Men of the Land would please to Declare the Points of Treason in that Parlement The 5 Rot. Ib. The Answer Answer was as in the Statute of the 25th of Edward the Third Cap. 2. The next year about the beginning of August Sir Walter de 6 Avesbury c. 81 82. p. 121. b. 122. a. b. A. D. 1352. 26 Ed. III. A great Victory obtained over the French in Britany Bintley the King's Governor of Britain and Parts adjoining with a small number of English in respect of the great Army a Marshal of France had encompassed them with in the Plains near the Town of Mauron obtained a considerable Victory having killed Sevenscore Knights and as many Escuyers and Men at Arms as made the number 500 besides Common Soldiers without number and many taken Prisoners according to his own Relation in a 7 Ibm. Letter to the Lord Chancellor John Thoresby Bishop of Worcester and soon after Arch-Bishop of York in which he mentions the Names of those of the best Quality that were slain or taken On the 6th of December * Mezeray fol. 372. Pope Clermont the Sixth dies Innocent the Sixth succeeds Pope Clement the Sixth died and Cardinal Stephan de Albret Bishop of Clermont succeeded him the 18th of the same month a Limosin by Birth and took upon him the Name of Innocent VI. In the 27th of his 8 Clause 27 Ed. III. M. 12. Dors A great Council summoned Reign he issued his Writs July 15 by which he summoned a great Council to meet at Westminster on Monday after St. Matthew the Apostle 9 Rot. Parl. 27 Ed. III. n. 31. or 9. The causes of it declared on the 7th of October The King Prelates and Great Men le Roy Prelates Grants being in the 9 Rot. Parl. 27 Ed. III. n. 31. or 9. The causes of it declared White Chamber les coes appellez the Commons were called and Monsieur Bartholomew de Burghersh the King's Chamberlain told them That the King thinking how he might best Ease his People who had been often charged with Impositions and great Ayds by reason of the War against his Adversary of France who detained his Rights and Heritage of the Crown of France had sent lately the most Noble and Excellent Persons of his Realm the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury the * He was created the the first Duke of Lancaster on the 6th of March 25th of Ed. III. See pat 25 E. III. p. 1. M. 18. Duke of Lancaster and other Prelates and Great Men to Guynes to Treat with the Deputies of his
A. D. 1337. Clergy in Convocation a three Years Tenth given him by Citizens and Burgesses in Parliament and by others a three Years Fifteenth to maintain the War then beginning with France and to pay Germans Brabanters and other Confederates on the Borders of Germany against the King of France In the 13th Year the Great Men gave him the Tenth Sheaf of Rot. Parl. 13 Ed. III. Part 1. n. 5. all manner of Grain of their Demeasn Lands except their Bond-Tenants the Tenth Fleece and the Tenth Lamb. This was in the first Parlement this Year 15 Days after Michaelmas The Commons excuse themselves and desire to go into the Ibm. n. â— Country and endeavour to procure an Aid answerable to the King's Necessity A Parliament was Summoned to meet eight Days after St. Hillary Rot. Parl. 13 Ed. III. Part 2. n. 5 6 7 or 20th of January in which the Commons gave the King 30000 Sacks of Wooll In his 14th Year the Prelates Earls Barons for them and Ib. 14 Ed. III. Par. 1. n. 5 6 7. their Tenants the Knights of Counties for themselves and Commons of the Land les Chivalers de Countees pur eux pur les Comunes de la Terre granted to the King the Ninth Sheaf Fleece and Lamb the Citizens and Burgesses gave the very Ninth of all their Goods according to the true Value for two Years next coming Those that lived not in Cities and Burghs nor lived upon Tillage or Shop paid the Fifteenth Part of all their Goods according to the true Value Upon the King's writing to them for speedy Supply seeing the Ibm. Part 2. n. 9 10. Ninths could not be levied time enough for his Service the Lords and Commons agreed to have 20000 Sacks of Wooll speedily provided Ibm. 15 Ed. III. n. 56 c. In the 15th the Ninths were revoked in respect of this Grant of 20000 Sacks of Wooll In the 18th the Clergy of the Province of Canterbury granted a Ib. 18 Ed. III. n. 9 10. three Years Tenth and the Commons granted for the Commons of the Land Two Fifteenths and Two Tenths of Cities and Burghs And afterwards the Commons granted another Fifteenth The Lords promised to go or went with the King in Person and therefore gave nothing In the 20th Year the Commons granted Two Fifteenths to be levied Ibm. 20 Ed. III. n. 11. in two Years in Cities Burghs ancient Demeasns as also of the Commons of the Counties In the 22d Year the Commons granted Three Fifteenths to be Ib. 22 Ed. III n. 4. levied in three Years so as one Fifteenth be levied in one Year and no more In the 25th Year the Great Men of the Realm and the Communalty Ibm. 25 Ed. III. Part 2. n. n. 9 10. by the Advice of some Great Men sent to assist them granted the King Three Tenths and Three Fifteenths to be paid in three Years In the 27th Year the King made it his Request That the Prelates Ibm. 27 Ed. III. n. 31 or 9. Great Men and Commons would grant him the Subsidy of Wooll-fells and Leather for some time to which Prayer they unanimously consented and granted that Subsidy in manner as it had been received before that time for three Years In his 29th Year the Commons came into the presence of the King Ibm. 29 Ed. III. n. 11. Prelates and Great Men assembled in the White Chamber and having there a short Conference with the Great Men granted unanimously of one accord the Subsidy of Wooll Leather and Wooll-fells for six Years next coming so as during that time no other Impositions or Charges be put upon the said Commons In the 36th Year the Great Men and Commons les Grantz Ibm. 36 Ed. n. 35. Comunes granted unto the King of every Sack of Wooll transported 20 s. of every 300 Woollfells 20 s. and of every Last of Leather 40 s. besides the ancient Custom of half a Marc a Sack of Denisons and 10 s. of Strangers half a Marc of every 300 Woollfells of Denisons and 10 s. of Strangers and one Marc of every Last of Leather of Denisons and 20 s. of Strangers for three Years In the 42d Year the Prelates and Great Men les Prelates Ibm. 42 Ed. III n. 9. Grantz eu Deliberation plein ove les Comunes dune accorde Granterent c. having had full Deliberation with the Commons granted the Subsidy of Wooll Woollfells and Leather for two Years of every Sack of Wooll and every Twelvescore Woollfells 36 s. 8 d. of every Last of Leather 4 l. besides the ancient Custom as before In his 43d Year the Lords and Commons granted to him the Ibm. 43 Ed. III n. 9 10. Subsidy as above for three Years of every Sack of Wooll 43 s. 4 d. which passed beyond Sea of every Twelvescore Woollfells as much and of every Last of Leather 4 l. besides the ancient Custom of Strangers for every Sack of Wooll four Marcs of every Twelvescore Woollfells four Marcs and of every Last of Leather eight Marcs besides the ancient Custom In the 45th Year the Great Men and Commons granted a Subsidy Ib. 45 Ed. III. n. 6. of 50000 l. to be levied of every Parish of the Land 22 s. 3 d. so as the Parish of greater Value should contribute ratably to those of less Value This 22 s. 3. d. of every Parish answered not the Sum of Ib n. 10 11. 50000 l. and therefore not long after at Winchester the Great Men and Commons granted 5 l. 16 s. of every Parish the 22 s. 3 d. being comprised in it so as the Parishes of greater Value should contribute to those of less In the 46th Year the Lords and Commons granted for two Years Ib. 46 Ed. III. n. 10. the Subsidy of Wooll Leather and Woollfells as it was granted in the 43d Year And for that the Sum of this Subsidy was not sufficient for the Ib. n. 11. King's Expences they granted a Fifteenth for one Year to be levied as the last was The Citizens and Burgesses in this Parlement for the safe Convoying Ib. n. 14 15. of their Ships and Goods granted 2 s. upon every Ton of Wine and 6 d. in the Pound of all Goods for a Year In the 47th Year the Lords and Commons granted a Fifteenth Ib. 47 Ed. III. n. 5. as it had been in ancient manner levied for two Years they also gave Tonnage and Poundage for two Years as it was given last Year of all Merchandise exported and imported except of Woolls Woollfells and Leather and then grant the Subsidy of them for the next Year coming In the 50th Year the Lords and Commons granted the Subsidy of Ib. 50 Ed. III. n. 9. Wooll Leather and Woollfells for three Years as it had been granted in his 47th Year In his 51st Year the Lords and Commons grant him 4 d. of every Ib. 51 Ed. III. n. 19.
for there is nothing of this Accusation on the Parlement-Roll About the 6 Wals f. 310. n. 30. A. D. 1385. 8 Ric. II. The Duke of Lancaster goes into France makes only a Truce for 3 quarters of a year His extravagant Expences beginning of August the Duke of Lancaster went into France to Treat about a Peace or Truce He staid there long with many Noblemen and made a Truce only to the first of May next coming and then returned after the Expence of 50000 Marks While the * Ib. n. 40 50. John of Northampton's Trial and Judgment Duke was in France the King called many of the Noblemen together at Reding where John of Northampton was Tried for his late Practices in London when he was Convicted by the Testimony of his Clerc and Sentence was to be given upon him in the King's Presence He said such Judgment ought not to pass upon him in the Absence of his Lord the Duke which brought ill Suspicions upon him The Judge told him That he was to acquit himself by Duel of the Crimes laid against him or by the Laws of the Land to be Drawn Hanged and Quartered To which making no Answer he was condemned to perpetual Prison above 100 Miles from London and sent to Tintagel-Castle in Cornwal and the Goods to be seized to his King's Use Some time after the King * Ibm. f. 314. n. 50. The Duke of Lancaster was to have been Arraigned of High-Treason intending to Arraign the Duke of Lancaster upon several Articles of Treason before Sir Robert Trisilian Lord Chief Justice whereas he ought to have been Tried by his Peers he Victualled and Manned his Castle of Pontfract and stood upon his Guard until his Peace was made by the Princess of Wales his Mother On the 7 Rot. Parl. 8 Ric. II. n. 1 2 3. A Parlement The cause of Summons morrow of St. Martin or 12th of November a Parlement assembled at Westminster The Chancellor shewed the King's great Care of the Church Commons and Laws of England and further shewed how the Nation was invironed with Enemies the French Spaniards Scots and Flemings and that the chief cause of calling the Parlement was to provide for the Safety and Defence of the Kingdom and to consider how this Provision might best and most speedily be made and so as the poor People might be least burthened and withal let them know the King offered to go in his own Person for Defence of the Kingdom against any Enemy by the Advice of his Council These things considered 8 Ibm. n. 10. Two 15ths granted the Lords and Commons granted the King for the Defence of the Kingdom the Safeguard of the Sea and Marches of Scotland Two Fifteenths one to be paid at Lady-Day next coming the other at Midsummer upon condition that the last half Fifteenth granted at Salisbury might not be paid And in case the King went not in his own Person against his Enemies or that Peace or Truce should be made with them then the latter of these Two Fifteenths not to be Levied In this Parlement 9 Ibm. n. 13. The Judgment against Alice Perrers repealed Alice Perrers the Wife of Sir William Windsor petitioned to have the Judgment and Order made against her in the 50th of Edward III. and the Judgment and Statute made against her in the first of this King to be repealed and that she might be restored to all her Lands and Tenements 1 Ibm. Ro. Which was granted by Advice and Assent of the Lords and Commons so as the Gifts and Grants of any of the Lands Tenements and Houses repealed may remain in force There is nothing more concerning Scotland and England in our Historians for this Year but alternate Invasions as they found or made Opportunities and burning and plundering each others Countries Next Year 2 Knight col 2674 n. 60. The French and Scots join to invade England John de Vienna Admiral of France came from thence with a great Fleet and in June transported an Army into Scotland to join with the Scots to invade England The King prepares an Army to march into Scotland and sends the Duke of Lancaster with a good Force before to secure the Borders 3 Ibm. col 2675. n. 10. The King marcheth into Scotland with a great Army On the 7th of July the King was at Leicester and the Queen with him and there went before came with and followed him the Flower of the English Militia Earls Barons Knights Esquires Valets and others to a vast Number With this Royal Army the King marched into Scotland but could not find the Scots or at least could not follow them into the Woods Forests Fastnesses or the High-lands whither they drove with them their great Cattel 4 Ib. n. 20 30 40. The Scots fly into the Woods and High-lands Finding nothing in the Country he burnt Edinburgh and many other Towns cut down Woods and burnt them likewise While these things were doing by the English toward the High-lands about Edinburgh and in the East-Marches the Scots and French slipt the English entred the The French and Scots march into England West-Marches burnt Penreth plundered the Country took many Captives and made an Attempt upon Carlisle but hearing of the coming of the English got again into their own Country 5 Wals f. 317. n. 30. and do more Mischief there than the King with his Army did in Scotland A mighty Fleet prepared by carrying more out of England than the King with his Royal Army carried out of Scotland While the English Army was in Scotland the King of France was providing a mighty Fleet and Army at Sluis in Flanders to invade England Froysart 6 Vol. 2. cap. 53 53 54. the King of France to invade England says this Navy was Twelve hundred and eighty seven Ships in September 1386. at Sluis and Blanqueberg and adds since God created the World there was never seen so many great Ships together The Land-Forces were according to this mighty Fleet and the King having notice of these vast Preparations provided accordingly both by Sea and Land to intercept them or hinder their Descent 7 Ibm. c. 59. The Wind held contrary so as they could not pass toward England until after St. Andrew or 30th of November when a Council being called it was resolved it being so late in the Year the Expedition was laid aside until April or May following 8 Ib. c. 60. Froysard says he had an Account of the great Provision the Dauphin of Avergn made for this Voyage from himself In the 9th of this King a Parlement was 9 Claus 9 Ric. II. M. 45 Dors A. D. 1386. holden at Westminster on the Friday next after St. Luke in which the Lords Great Men and the Communities of Counties Cities and Burghs 1 Rot. Parl. 9 Ric. II. n. 10. A Tax granted for the Duke of Lancaster's Voyage into Spain Memorandum
speciali as the Record hath it After the Transaction and Settling of these Two great Affairs those whom the King employed had time from the Chronicles sent to this Parlement from the Monasteries to make a * See Mat. Westm f. 439. n. 20 30 c. Wals f. 81 c. Rot. Claus 29. Ed. I. M. 10. Dors Printed in Ryley's Placita Parliamentaria Append f. 596. The King's Title to Scotland sent to the Pope with a Narrative of the Perfidiousness of the Scots Deduction of his Right and Title to Scotland which was Historical and almost the same but more full and particular than that which was delivered to the Scots when he claimed the Superiority and direct Dominion over Scotland in the 19th of his Reign This was sent in a Letter from the King to the Pope with a Narrative of the whole Nation of Scotland having done Homage and sworn Fealty to him and owned and acknowledged him to be their King and Supreme Lord several times and what they had done against their Oaths invading burning spoiling and wasting England when they thought fit and also cautioning the Pope against the false Insinuations and Suggestions of the Scots concluding with a Petetion That he would have a Paternal Care and Affection to his Royal Rights Dated at Kemsey or Kynardesey the 7th of May A. D. 1301. if the Year began at Christmas if on Lady-day or 25th of March then 1302. in the 29th of his Reign The King at the Request of the King of France had granted the Scots a Truce which was to end at Whitsunday next coming as says the 5 Claus 29. Ed. I. Dors M. Dugd. Summons to Parl. f. 35. Writ by which he Summoned the Earls Barons and Knights such as he pleased to meet him at Berwic in the Feast of St. John Baptist with their Horse and Arms and to go with him against the Scots His Rebels and notorious Traytors to Repress their Rebellion and Pride so the Record Contra Scotos Rebelles nostros notorie proditores ad ipsorum Rebellionem Proterviam reprimendam This Summons was dated at Lincoln Feb. 14. in the 29th of Ed. 1. on the same Day he confirmed the Perambulations This Year the King made his Eldest Son Edward 6 Wals f. 79. n. 10. Matth. West f. 433. n. 50. Prince of Wales Earl of Chester Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester with which the Welshmen were well pleased as being born at Caernarvon in their own Country In Scotland he makes his 7 Pat. 29. Edw. I. M. 2. intus Claus 29. Ed. I. M. 3. Dors Procurators or Proxies to the Pope Walter Bishop of Litchfield and Coventry Amadeus Earl of Savoy Otto de Grandison Kt. and Gerrard Arch-Deacon of Lichfield to desire him speedily to put an end to all Differences between him and the French King and to complete the long-deferred Treaty of K. Edw. sends Procurators to the Pope to complete the Treaty of Peace between him the K. of From. Peace according to the Form of his Pronunciation or Decree made by virtue of the Compromise unto him but the Pope was not at leisure The Commissions or Procuratory Letters are dated at Glasco Aug. 24. in the 29th of his Reign The King staid all Winter in Scotland 8 Wals £85 n. 50. A. D. â—301 30. Ed. I. where many of his Military Men lost their Horses for want of Forage After Christmas he again at the Instance of the King of France 9 Ib. â— 86. â—in 3. He grants the Scots a Truce Granted the Scots a Truce until the Feast of All-Saints next coming and toward the Spring having settled things in Scotland returned into England All the Arguments the King used by Letters and Messages to the Earl of Savoy and Otto de Grandison 1 Claus 30. Ed. I. M. 15. Dors Two of the King's Procurators to the Pope refuse the Employment who were best acquainted with the State of his Affairs and Differences between him and the King of France could not persuade them to undertake this Embassie or Procuration to the Pope and therefore he 2 Ibm. The other two proceed committed the whole Affair to the Bishop and Arch-Deacon to hear for him and in his Name the Pope's Pronunciation Will and Pleasure in those things that then were not declared and determined between them by virtue of the Compromise made by both into his Person 3 Ibm. Ad audiendum pro nobis nostro nomine Pronunciationem vestram Voluntatem Beneplacitum super his quae inter Regem Franciae nos per vos i. e. the Pope virtute Compromissi c. restant pronunciandae facienda This Letter and new Commission was directed to the Pope to give him notice of the Refusal of the First two the Earl 30. Ed. I. and Knight and dated at Darlington in the Bishoprick of Duresm March 5. in the 30th of Edw. I. In April following Roger le Bigod Earl of Norfolk and Marshal of England granted and quiet claimed for his Heirs 4 Rot. Claus 30. Ed. I. M. 14. Dors The Earl-Marshal grants his Lands c. to the King and his Heirs to the King and his Heirs for ever All his Castles Towns Mannors Lands and Tenements in England and Wales except the Mannors of Sterington Wylton Thornton and Leversham with the Advousons of the Churches and all other their Appurtenances in the County of York and the Mannors of Acle and Castre with their Appurtenances and the Advouson of the Church of Geldeston in the County of Norfolk with the Knights Fees Advousons of Religious Houses and Churches Hundreds Honours Liberties and all their Appurtenances by what Name soever they should be called so as neither he nor his Heirs nor any one in his Name should have any Right or Claim in them Which Grant was Dated at the Abby of St. John's in Colchester the 12th of April in the 30th of Ed. I. He also made a Grant 5 Ibm. Also his Goods to the King of all his Goods and Chattels upon and in those Castles Mannors Towns c. except upon the Mannors and Lands before excepted Dated at the same Time and Place And made Letters of Attorney of the same Date to several Persons in every 6 Ibm. County where he had Lands to give Livery and Seisin accordingly Further at the same Place and on the same Day he restored remitted and quiet claimed for him and his Heirs to the King and his Heirs for ever all the 7 Ibm. He Releases and gives up his Earldom and Marshalship Right Honour and Dominion he had by the Name of Earl in the County of Norfolk and the Marshalcie of England with every thing thereunto belonging Lastly he restored remitted and quiet claimed the 8 Ibm. Castles of Bristol and Nottingham which he was to have held for Life by the Grant of the King so as he nor any one in his Name
should claim any Right therein Dated at Fulham May 15. in the 30th Year of Ed. I. The Reasons of these Grants and Restorings might be what The Reasons why the Earl-Marshal gave the King his Lands and parted with his Office and Honour Mat. Westminster reports tho' he mistakes the Year in the 33d of this King he says he then had a time of Speaking and that he warily convented the Earl-Marshal upon a Conspiracy which the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury and many Earls and Barons had contrived against him while he was in Flanders who not being able to contradict what the King said begged his Pardon For obtaining of which he made the King Heir of all Things he had By which means he saved his Life and the King as a Reward added to his Life a Thousand Pounds Land by the Year Which might be the Mannors and Lands he had liberty to except 9 Mat. West f. 452. lin 2. He with the A. Bp. and others had conspired against the King Et aderat tempus loquendi Rex convenit cautè Comitem Mareschallium super quodam Dedecore Conspiratione quam Archiepiscopus Cantuariensis plures Comites Barones contra eum Machinaverant ipso tunc agente in Flandria qui nequaquam valens ista contradicere Gratiam Regis petiit Pro qua obtinenda constituit Regem haeredem suum universorum quae habuit sic mortem perdidit vitam invenit Rex Remunerans eum vitae Comitis mille libratas Terrae adaugendo concessit In like manner the King convented all the others one by one that were in this Conspiracy and fined or punished them in Sums of Money 1 Ibm. lin 8. Similiter Rex singulatim singulos conveniens qui huic facto consenserant pecuniaria poena mulctavit Yet within this very Year of his Reign the King 2 Rot. Cart. 30 Ed. I. n. 24. 28 29. Dugd. Baron vol. 1. f. 136. col 1. The King regrants his Lands Honor and Office to the Marshal regranted the Earldom and Marescalcie of England with all his Castles Mannors and Lands in England and Wales to him and his Issue lawfully to be begotten upon the Body of his Wife Alice and for want of such Issue to return to the King and his Heirs 3 Dugd. Bar. ib. He died without Issue in the 35th of this King and the Honour and Estate came into his hands Some great Business the King had at this time that he had fixed in his Mind and laid much to Heart for which he sent Peter de Dene Canon of London and Roger le Sanvage Knight to the Pope 4 Pat. 30. Ed. I M. 12. intus Pryn's Ed. I. f. 93 The King senâ—â— Messengeâ—s to Rome upon secret Service Dilectos Fideles nostros Petrum de Dene Canonicum Londinensem Rogerum le Sauvage Militem pro quibusdam negotiis nostris quae multum insident Cordi nostro Domini summi Pontificis praesentiam destinantes c. Joining with them 5 Iâ—m William de Geynsburgh his Lieger at the Court of Rome and 6 Ibm. writing to M. Cardinal Deacon of New St. Mary in the Porch or Gallery 7 Ibm. Sanctae Mariae novae in Porticu Diacono Cardinali to assist them and effectually promote his Business with the Pope and for so doing he should always find him ready 1 Pat. 30. Ed. I. M. 12. intus to do those things which were grateful to him The same Letters were wrote and directed to Six Cardinals more Four Deacon and Two Priest Cardinals This Letter is Dated June 13. at Chartham The Four Deacon Cardinals were his Pensioners Luke de Flisco Deacon Cardinal of St. Mary in the Broad way Sanctae Mariae in via lata Cardinalis Diaconus Peter Piperne Deacon Cardinal of New St. Mary Sanctae Mariae novae not in Porticu Diaconus Cardinalis William Cardinals the King's Pensioners of Pergamus Deacon Cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian Prison a Parish in Rome as they all were Sancti Nicholai in Carcere Tulliano Diaconus Cardinalis Francis Deacon Cardinal of St. Mary in Cosmedyn Sanctae Mariae in Cosmedyn Diaconus Cardinalis 4 Ibm. Who had every one 50 Marks Sterling yearly paid out of the Exchequer by equal Portions at Easter and Michaelmas for their Diligence and Sincerity in Transacting his Business The King 's former Proctors having not done any thing concerning the Peace between the Two Kingdoms he sends others to the Pope viz. 3 Claus 30. Ed. I. M. 6. Dors New Procurators sent to the Pope for a final Conclusion of the Peace between the two Kingdoms William de Gainsburgh and H. de Hertpole Two Friers Minors and Two of his own Clerks John de St. Clare Cannon of London and Philip Martell Professor of the Civil Laws with William de Dene Knight or any Four or Three of them with full Power to give a final Dispatch to this Business according to the Form of his former Pronunciation or Decree 4 Pat. 30. Ed. I. M. 9. intus Without effect Giving them also in their Commission or Letters Procuratory full and free Power to Demand Hear and Receive a total Consummation of his Decree and the Peace to ensue thereupon Both these Records are Dated at Arundel Septemb. 9. A. D. 1302. in the 33th of this King Their Negociation proved also ineffectual As the Earl Marshal so Humphry de Bohun Son and Heir to that Humphry who opposed King Edward in the 25th of his Reign and doing Homage had 5 Dugd. Bar. f. 183. col 1. Rot. fin 27. Ed. I. M. 23. The Constable grants all his Lands Honours and Office to the King Livery of his Father's Lands in the 27th This Year also granted all his Castles Towns Mannors Lands and Tenements Knights Fees Advousons of Religious Houses and Churches Hundreds Honors Liberties and all their Appurtenances in England and Wales to the 6 Roâ— Claus 30 Ed. I. M. 5. Dors King and his Heirs for ever without any Exception or Reservation of any thing to himself 7 Ibm. The King regrants them upon Marriage with his Daughter And all his Right Honour and Dominion he had as Earl in the Counties of Hereford and Essex and the Constableship of England The Grant is dated at London the 8th of October in the 30th of Edw. I. Which upon the Marriage of Elizabeth 7th Daughter of Edward I. Widow of John Earl of Holland Zeland and Lord of Friseland were 8 Dugd. ut supâ—a Claus 32 Ed. I. M. 16. Cart. 32 Ed. I. n. 48. John de Seagrave made Guardian of Scotland Regranted to him about two years after After the Feast of All-Saints when the Truce with the Scots was expired the King sent 9 Wals f. 86. n. 30. John de Seagrave with an Army into Scotland 1 Pat. 30. Ed. I. M. 15. making him Governour of Berwick and Guardian of the
for his own Profit the Guard of those Lands and also had defeated by evil Counsel what the King had granted in his Parlements by good Advice and by Assent of the Peers of the Land to the Dishonour of the King and against Right and Reason 10. Also that they would not suffer the King to take reasonable Fines of the Peers of the Land and others when they entred and received their Fees as it had been used before that time But by Covetousness to get such Lands by the Royal Power they had gained they caused undue Impeachments to be brought surmising the Land was forfeit as of Sir John de Mowbray for the Lands of Gower and of others to the Damage and Dishonour of the King and contrary to the Law of the Land in Disheritance of the Great Men and others Also making the King do against his Oath in Parlement 11. Also by wicked Covetousness and Power Royal they will not suffer the King to hear or do Right to the Great Men upon what they presented to him for himself and themselves touching the Disheriting the Crown and them touching the Lands which were the Templers Also by Usurped Power Royal they self and Family He is denied Entrance with a 5 Ibm. f. 115. lin 2. c. The Queen denied Entrance into Leâ—ds Castle in Kent The Garrison deny to render it to the K. Sawey Return from the Guard within That they would not suffer the Queen or any other to enter there without Command or Letters from the Lord of it She came her self and demanded Entrance into the Castle and was denied and forced to seek Lodgings other where When she returned to the King and complained to him of the Affront offered to her he was very Angry and having drawn together many Thousands of Armed Men with many Londoners 6 6 Ibm. n. 10. came Personally to the Castle commanding the Garrison to render it to him They Refuse to obey the King's Command he straightly Besieges them They hold out so long as they had Victuals He besiegeth and takes it puts the Governor to Death and many of the Warders and when they could not longer hold out they deliver the Castle Thomas Colepepper the Governor of it was Drawn and Hang'd for his Rebellion against the King Thomas Colepeper custos castri qui tenuerat Castrum contra Regem tractus suspensus est The Women found there were sent to the Tower of London and many of the Warders or Servants put to Death Sir Thomas de la Moor tells us it was about 7 F. 595. n. 30 40. A. D. 1321. 15 Ed. II. The Barons came to Relieve the Castle And sent to the King to raise the Siege who would not They march into other Parts of the Kingdom with their Army Michaelmas that the Queen demanded Entrance into the Castle that she might Lodge there and after a Months Siege the Barons with their Forces came to Kingston upon Thames on the Vigil of the Apostles Simon and Jude or 27th of October in hopes to Relieve it from whence they sent the Archbishop of Canterbury the Bishop of London and Earl of Pembroke to the King to raise the Siege promising him after the next Parliament to deliver the Castle into his Hands He not granting their Desires they marched into other Parts of the Kingdom and the Castle in a very short time was Surrender'd In December following Hugh Dispenser the Younger 8 Revocation ut supra Sir Thomas de la Moor ut supra n. 50. The Banishment of the Spensers revok'd applied himself to the King for the Repeal of his Exile who committed him to Prison and sent his Petition to the Archbishop of Canterbury the other Bishops and Clergy being then in a Provincial Synod at London to advise about and give him their Sense upon it who Judged the Award as to the Exile and Disinheritance Erroneous against Right and obtain'd by Force without their Consent as Peers of the Land and therefore advised and prayed the King to Repeal and make it null for Ever which was done and the King granted him his Protection and safe Conduct for his Person and Estate by his Letters Patents Dated at Westminster the 8th of December in the 15th of his Reign The King kept his Christmas 9 Walsingh Hypâ—dig Neust f. 504. n. 40. De la Moor ut supra A. D. 1322. 15 Ed. II. The King increased his Army and marched against the Barons at Cirencester in Glocestershire where Hugh Despenser and others persuaded him to increase his Army and march against the Barons He did so and went into the Marches of Wales and left Glocester which was possessed by the Barons and passing by Worcester went to Bridgnorth and took in that Castle while he was in Shropshire both the Mortimers submitted themselves and were sent to the Tower of London Maurice de Berkeley and Hugh Audeley Senior fell into the King's Hands and were sent to Wallingford-Castle 1 Ibm. The Earls of Hereford and Lancaster join their Forces The Earl of Hereford and his Adherents marched toward the North to join the Earl of Lancaster who expected them The King marched after them and comes to Burton upon Trent where the Earl of Lancaster had joined them They hinder the King's Passage over the Trent by the Bridge there three Days and Killed some of the King's Men and Servants so as the King was forced to find another way over the Trent and marched toward them in the Town which when they saw they Fired the Town and marched into the Field to give the King Battel but perceiving the King coming toward them with a great Force superior to them in Number and Courage the Earl of Lancaster with his Confederates fled Northward with their Army and made Great Depraedations and Robberies in their way the King pursues them to Burgh-Bridge The Scots Friends and Allies to the Earls The Earl of Hereford killed at Borough-Bridge The Earl of Lancaster taken there then marching toward their Friends and Allies the Scots where they were stopt by Forces brought from Carlisle by Sir Andrew Harclay and others from York by Sir Simon Ward in forcing his Way over the Bridge the Earl of Hereford was Killed the Earl of Lancaster not being able to bear the shock of the Battel nor to fly any way was taken by Sir Andrew Harclay and many other Barons Banerets and Knights to the Number of 2 Ninety Five 2 De la Moor f. 596. n. 10. The Earl of Lancaster was sent to Pontfract where on Monday Our Lady-day this Year 1322. was on Thursday The Earl of Lancaster impeached of Treason c. before the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin or 22d of March he was impeached before the King for divers Treasons Murders Burnings Depraedations and other Felonies in the Presence of Edmond Earl of Kent John Earl of Richmond Adomar de Valentia Earl of Pembroke John de Warenna
and notwithstanding the King's Commissioners the Bishops of Winchester and Norwich and the Earl of Richmond by her Mediation the Bargain was made or they received a Form of Peace from the King of France That if King Edward would give his Right in the Dukedom of Aquitain and Earldom of Pouthieu to his Son Edward upon his doing She bargains with her Brother that if King Edward would give Aquitan and Ponthieu to the Prince upon doing his Homage he should have Seisin of them Upon that Agreement the Prince goes into France and does Homage Homage he would give him seisin of both These Things agreed on both sides the King of France sent his Letters of Safe-Conduct for the Prince and the King sent him with a Grant of those Lands to have and to hold them to himself and Heirs Kings of England adding That if the Son should die living the Father they should return to him and also other Conditions by which it should not be Lawful for the King of France to Marry him nor provide a Guardian for him against his Will 4 De la Moor Ut supra Walsing Ut supra A. D. 1324. 18 Ed. II. This Agreement was Confirmed by the Advice of the Prelates and other Noblemen at Dover the Day after the Nativity of the Virgin Mary in the Eighteenth of the King and on the Thursday following Edward the Son accompanied with the Bishop of Excester and other Noblemen went on Shipboard and afterwards about the Feast of St. Mathew did Homage to his Uncle of France under Protestations made on both sides the whole Affair being compleated for which the Queen was sent into France Soon after Michaelmas the King 5 De la Moor ut supra f. 589. lin 1. c. The K. wrote to the Queen to return with his Son into England She makes her Excuse having no Mind to return The Bishop of Excester removed from her secret Council wrote to her That she would speedily bring her Son into England She wrote back That the King of France her Brother out of great Affection would have them stay with him and sending back the greatest Part of their Families she employed the residue of the Year in prosecuting her own Designs The Bishop of Excester was sent over with the Prince but was now removed from the Queen 's Secret Council and Roger Mortimer and other Fugiâ—ibâ—s the King's Enemies were received into it 6 〈◊〉 â—6 Ed. 2. Part 1. M 34. Doâ—s And Roger Mortimer taken into it This Roger Mortimer the Younger upon Tryal for Treason had received Sentence to be Drawn and Hang'd the King out of his special Grace pardoned the Execution of that Sentence and willed that instead thereof he should be a perpetual Prisoner and assigned certain Justices to declare his Favour and adjudge him to Perpetual Prison and not long after the Time of the Queen's going over corrupting his Keepers he made his 7 De la Moor F. 596. N. 50. Escape out of the Tower of London and got into France The King much moved at the Queen's stay and Detaining his Son out of the Kingdom some 8 Ibm. â— 598. â— 10. Reasons why the Queen 〈◊〉 France to salve the Matter said they were unwillingly Detained others guessing that she was so bound by the Vnlawful Embraces of Mortimer that without him and the other Eugitives she would not return However it was The King 9 Claus 19 E. 2. M. 2. Dors The King sent and wrote often to the Queen to return out of France The fear of Hugh Spenser the Younger was her Chief Excuse The King answers all her Excuses sent and wrote to her oft times to return home Expressing great Kindness to her and grief of Mind for her absence many feigned Excuses she had for her not coming but the Chief was the Danger and Fear she was in of Hugh le Dispencer the Younger which she sent to him by the Bishop of Winchester with her Letters of Credence in answer to which the King wrote That he as much wonder'd as he could seeing and observing always in his Presence the Kind Deportment of her to him and of him to her and especially at her Departure declaring a perfect Amity and since by her Letters of a late Date to him which he had shewn unto the King attesting the same and therefore the Homage being done to his Brother of France and that they were in so fair a way of Affection one to another he Commanded and Charged her as much as he could That all And chargeth and commands her to come to him in all haste feigned Matters and Excuses laid aside she should come to him with all haste Par qui uous vous mandoms chargeoms en quanque nous pooms que totes tieles Enchesons feints autres choses lessees excusations cessantes reignes a nous od tote hast for that the Bishop had told him That his Brother the King of France in his Presence told her That according to the Tenor of her Safe-Conduct she should not be disturbed nor stayed from coming to him as to her Lord and as his Wife And then further writes to her When she came her Expences and way of Living should be such as should be neither to the Dishonour of him or her He also Willed and Commanded her to suffer his dear Son Edward He also Willed and Commanded her to send his Son to him to come to him as he had commanded him And whereas at the time Walter Bishop of Excester was lately with her he had been certainly informed That some of his Enemies and his Banished People waited to Destroy him if they had opportunity to a-avoid such Dangers and for other great Business he had with him he commanded him upon his Faith and Allegiance to come to him with haste leaving all other things in as much security as he could she was to excuse his sudden coming away it being for no other Cause Given at Westminster the First of December At the same time 1 Ibm. the King of France by the Bishop of Winchester wrote to him and sent a Message by word of Mouth That The King of France wrote the Queen dare not come to K. Edward for fear of her Life and Hugh Spenser he had been informed by Persons of Credit that the Queen dare not come to him for fear of her Life and Hugh le Despenser to which excuse he made the same answer he had done to his Queen and averred by Oath That if the said Hugh or any other Living in his Kingdom or in his power should offer any Ill to her and he could know it he would make them severe Examples to all others and beseeched him not to believe those that told him other King Edward's Answer to that and other things things for that he had and ought to have greater Reason to know and understand this Matter than any other and therefore
2 Ibm. This Ordinance was Dated at Boys de Vincens the 23d Day of March 1338. and says Avesbury 3 p. 107. a. c. 53. it was found in Caen when it was taken and delivered to the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury that he might excite the Clergy and Laity ut per hoc excitaret clerum populum to pray more willingly for Peace and the King After these things had been declared and expounded 4 Rot. Parl. ut supra in Parlement they all thanked God for the Success he had given the King against his Adversary and said That whatever had been given him had been well employed and that they would further Aid him according to their Power The Knights Citizens and Burgesses desired time to consider of the Aid until Thursday An Aid granted next following when they granted him Two Fifteenths making grievous Complaints of Oppressions and Poverty in the Grant 5 Ibm. n. 11. The Commons Complaints and Grievances praying the King to think how they had been annually charged with Tallages as Fifteenths Wooll Ninths Men at Arms Hobelors Archers Victuals Guard of the Sea-Coasts and many other Taxes by which they were almost ruined And also in the last Parlement when they granted Two Fifteenths for the ending of the War it was granted and certainly promised to them grantes lour fust certeinment promis en le dit Parlement they should not be charged or grieved with Payments or Tallages Wherefore it seemed to them reasonable they ought now to be discharged and excused And notwithstanding these Grants and Promises there daily issued Commissions to Array in all Parts of England Men at Arms Hobelors and Archers according to the Value of their Lands or to make Composition therefore They likewise complained of Purveyance and Free Quarter and of the Custom and Subsidy of Forty Shillings the Sack upon Wooll 6 Ibm. Which Grievances Hardships and Oppressions les queux Grievances Duretees Oppressions were done and suffered every day without Assent or Grant in Parlement sanz Assent ou Grant en Parlement expresly against * See Rot. Parl. 14 Ed. III. Part 1. n. 8 9. Pulton's Stat. 14 Ed. III. c. 1. Record Yet notwithstanding these Oppressions and Grievances the Commons to the utmost of their Abilities granted Two Fifteenths for the final Accomplishment of the War by Gods Help and Destruction of his Enemies to be levied in two Years of Cities Burghs and ancient Demeasns as also of the Commons of the Counties so as 7 Ibm. their Petitions upon these Grievances and others might be recited on the morrow in Parlement and have speedy and good Remedy ordered sur ce hastive bon remedie ordeigner for the Common Profit of the Land according as the King 's Four Commissioners or Messengers had granted on his behalf to the Commons The first Petition of the Commons was 8 The Commons Petitions n. 10. That the Ordinances Promises and Grants made in Parlement for the future might be observed for the Ease of the Commons against the great Charges and Hardships they had felt and suffered Also That Commissions might not be issued out of Chancery to charge the People with the Array of Men at Arms Hobelors Archers or Victuals without Assent or Grant in Parlement and if any such were the People should neither be charged with nor bound to obey them The Answer was as to the first Point 9 Ibm. Râ— The King's Answer to the Commons Petitions That it should be as they desired As to the second it was notorious that the Great Men and Commons les Grantz Comunes in many Parlements had promised the King to assist him to their utmost in Body and Goods en corps avoir e quant qils poant in his Quarrel with France and for the Defence and Safety of England Wherefore the Great Men 1 Ibm pur quoi les ditz Grantz veantz la necessite nostre Seigneur le Roi seeing his Necessity to be supplied with such Men before his Passage to recover his Rights beyond Sea and for the Defence of England had ordered That those who had an Hundred Shillings a year Rent on this side Trent should find Men at Arms Hobelors and Archers according to the quantity of their Estate and Tenure to go with the King at his Wages or if they would not go in Person to find others or if not that to pay the King what he could procure Men for And so things were and had been done and no otherwise And the King would not that what was done in this Necessity should be made an Example for the future as appeared by his Letters Patents Another Petition of the Commons 2 Commons Petitions n. 18. was That the Forty Shillings a Sack upon Wooll might not be collected but only the old Custom paid To this the Answer 3 Ibm. The King's Answer was That the Prelates and others seeing the King's Necessity before his Passage beyond Sea to recover his Rights and defend his own Nation agreed by Consent of the Merchants he should have the Subsidy of Forty Shillings on every Sack of Wooll that passed beyond Sea for two Years and that several Merchants had advanced Money upon that Grant to the King for the carrying on the War And therefore it could not be annulled without the Assent of the King and his said Great Men de ses ditz Grantz While King Edward was doing these great things in France and was before Calais there came an account from the Earl of Derby in Gascony That the Duke 4 Aves p. 110. c. 56. The Earl of Derby's Success in Gascony of Normandy and the French had in great haste raised the Siege of Aguillon on Sunday before St. Bartholomew and went off in such haste as they left their Tents and most of their Baggage behind them That he had taken many Towns and Castles of Force and Value in that Country and put it into good Order and then marched into Poictou took Poictiers and settled that Country and thence came back to Burdeaux from whence he came to England and was at London on the Feast of St. Hillary or 13th of January The Success against the Scots was likewise considerable this Year 5 Ib. p. 111. a c. 57. The Scots invade England with a great Army David their King being excited by Philip of Valois invaded England with a great Army and marched as far as Durham near which place the Arch-Bishop of York Henry Piercy Ralph Nevill and other Great Men of the Northern Parts with such an Army as they had then raised met him and gave the The Battel of Nevill's Cross Scots Battel on St. Luke's Eve or 17th of October at Nevill's Cross near Durham where they obtained a very memorable Victory killing the Earls of Morave and Strathern and the Flower of the David King of Scots taken Prisoner Scots Militia and Men at Arms taking King David
Comunes en pleyn Parlement Which Name of King of France he did retake and had his Great Seal and other Seals altered and that Title 8 Ibm. engraved upon them On the same 9 Day and Thursday the Estate of the King 8 Ibm. 9 10. was laid before the Great Men and Commons feust monstre as Grants Comunes lestat le Roy and because the War was open par cause de la Guerre queste overte he should be at great Charges as well by Sea and Land which he could not maintain without their Aid he requested them they would treat and advise how he might be best assisted to his greatest Profit and the least Charge and Damage to the People The Prelates Dukes Earls and Barons by themselves and then the Commons of one accord Granted les Prelates Ducs Barons par eux puys les Comunes A Subsidy of Wooll c. granted to maintain the War dun acord Granteront c. to the King a Subsidy of Woolls of every Sack 43 s. 4 d. and of the Woollfels every Twelvescore as much and of every Last of Leather 4 l. which passed beyond Sea for three Years besides the ancient Custom to begin at Michaelmas next coming of Denizons Of Strangers for every Sack of Wooll 4 Marcs of every Twelvescore Woollfels 4 Marcs and of every Last of Leather 8 Marcs He not only provided for Money this Parlement but 1 Ib. n. 25. K. Edward's Offer To all Persons whatever that would maintain his Quarrel against France declared That for the Compensation of such Lords or others of whatsoever Estate Degree Condition or Nation they were who would maintain his Party and Quarrel against his Enemies of France should hold Heritably what they should Recover and Conquer be they Dutchies Earldoms Vicounties Cities Towns Castles Fortresses or Lordships situate in France by what Name or Title they were called of him as of the King of France by the Services and Dues accustomed except and reserved expresly to him and his Heirs all his Demeasn Royalties Services Homages Dues Resorts and Soveraignties belonging to the Crown of France except also Church-Lands and the Lands of all such as without Force or Difficulty would obey adhere to and stay in Obedience to him on their own Good-will and him Aid Counsel and Comfort in his Quarrel c. This Year 2 Wals f. 184. n. 20. The Death of the Queen The Offer as above no advantage to K. Edward 3 Froys C. 272. Du Ches f. 704. D. He sends his Letters of Indemnity and Pardon into Aquitan on the Assumption of the Virgin Mary or 15th of August died Queen Philip Just and Sincere as the Historians say to the English Interest There is nothing extant which makes it appear that the Offer above-mentioned advanced King Edward's Cause and therefore next Year he sends his Letters of Indemnity and Pardon with great Promises of Reformation into Aquitan 3 That he being informed of certain Troubles Grievances and Molestations done or supposed to be done by his Dear Son the Prince of Wales in his Seigniory of Aquitan being obliged and desirous to remedy all things tending to evil Surmises Hatreds and Contentions between him and his Loyal Friends and Subjects did Announce and Pronounce Certifie and Ratifie of his meer Good-will and by great Deliberation of his Council to that purpose called and did Will and Command That the Prince of Wales should forbear and remit all manner of Actions done or to be done and restore to all such as had been grieved or molested by him or by any of his Officers and Subjects in Aquitan all their Costs Expences or Damages raised or to be raised in the Name of Aids or Chimney-Money And did further pardon all such as had revolted and forsaken his Homage and Fealty upon Condition that after the sight of these Letters within one Month they returned to their Obedience And if any Persons made any just Complaint against his Dear Son the Prince or any employed by him that in any thing they were grieved or oppressed or had been in times past he would cause them to have reasonable Amends for the maintaining of Peace Love Concord and Vnity between him and his People of the Dutchy And that all Men might be satisfied of the Truth of these Letters he willed they should have Copies of them and then declared he had Sworn to maintain and make them good by the Body of Jesus Christ in the Presence of his Dear Son John Duke of Lancaster the Earls of Salisbury Warwick Hereford and many other there named Dated at Westminster in the 44th Year of his Reign on the 5th of November in the Year of our Lord 1370. Mezeray 4 F. 389. The King of France joined Religion and Eloquence to his Arms And sent Preachers abroad to justifie his Cause taking notice of these Letters tells us That to the Force of Arms the King of France joined Religion and Eloquence which could do all things on the Hearts of the People He ordered Fasts and Processions to be made all over his Kingdom and sometimes went barefoot himself with the rest when at the same time the Preachers made out his Right and Title with the Justice of his Cause and the Injustice of the English Which had two Ends the one to bring back again those French Provinces which had been yielded by the Treaty of Bretigny the other to make those that were under him willing to suffer the Contributions and all other Inconveniencies of War The Arch-Bishop of Thoulouse alone by his Persuasions and Intrigues regained above Fifty Cities and Castles in Guien amongst others that of Cahors The King of England would have practised the same Methods on his part and sent an Amnesty or General Pardon to the Gascons with an Oath upon the Sacred Body of Jesus Christ to raise no more new Imposts but all this could not reclaim those Minds that had bent themselves another way King Edward 5 Ib. c. 249. 250. Forces sent into France to the Prince Some of the Companions joined with them sent Forces over to the Prince with Edmond Earl of Cambridge his own Son and the Earl of Pembroke his Son-in-Law who with a great number of Companions under the Command of Hugh Caverley an Experienced Officer which came from Aragon Rendezvoused at Angolesm and were put all under his Command by the Prince What things of Note they did I find not Before this time 6 Ib. c. 241 242. Henry the Bastard killed Peter King of Castile and fixed himself in the Throne Henry the Bastard had by the Assistance of Peter King of Aragon the King of France and the Power of Bertrand de Guesclin and his Companions seized the Kingdom of Castile and killed King Peter and fixed himself in that Throne The King of France wrote to Henry to 7 Ib. c 276. Bertrand de Guesclin and his Companions serve the K. of France against K. Edw.
Body Lands Tenements Goods and Chattels so as he was imprisoned and all his Lands Tenements Goods and Chattels seized into the King's Hands of which Lands and Tenements he gave some to the Earl of Cambridge and others to Thomas of Woodstocke then Earl of Buckingham for Term of their Lives All which Forfeitures and Imprisonment the King taking pity of the said Richard by the Perswasion of the said Alice and her singular Persuit and Procurement at his Court at Shene with the assent of his Council pardoned and also pardoned the said Richard 300 l. due from him in the Exchequer and further granted 1000 Marks of his Treasure as a Gift which things being contrary to the said Ordinance the Steward demanded of the said Alice how she would Excuse her self of the said Articles who answered she was not culpable Her Answer or guilty of these Articles which she was ready to aver and prove by the Witness and Testimony of John de Ipre at that time Steward of the King's House William Sheet Controller Sir Allen Buxhall Nicholas Carren Keeper of the Privy Seal and others of the Court of the said King and present at the time of the supposed Forfeiture Upon this Day 2 Ibm. was given her to Wednesday next after in the mean time it was ordered by the assent of the Lords That the Articles should be tried by Witness or by Inquest of such as were of the House of the said King and thereupon certain Persons were Sworn and Examined before the Duke of Lancaster the Earl of Cambridge the Earl of March the Earl of Arundel and the Earl of Warwick First Roger Beauchamp late Witnesses Sworn against Alice Perrers Chamberlain of the said King being Sworn said That in the presence of Alice Perrers a Bill was given him to carry to the King at his Court at Havering which Bill he took and as he understood it it contained the Revocation of Sir Nicholas Dagworth from Ireland because he was Enemy to Monsieur William de Windsore he refused to carry the Bill because the Council had ordered the contrary and the said Alice requested him to do it which he did and the King asked him what they talked about which when he informed him of the Contents of the Bill he answered the Petition was reasonable and when Monsieur Roger replied his Council had ordained to the contrary the King answered he was Soveraign Judge and it seemed to him the Bill was reasonable and commanded him to call back the said Nicholas which was done accordingly Concerning Richard Lyons he said he knew nothing The Duke of Lancaster Examined said That one day he came to Havering and found Dame Alice Perrers there when Roger Beauchamp shewed him a Bill containing as above about which he fell into Discourse with the King who concerning Sir Nicholas Dagworth going to Ireland said it was not reasonable one Enemy should Judge another and there he thought fit to countermand his Voyage in which having satisfied the King as done by his Consent in Council but the King not long after coming from Alice Perrer's Chamber came to the Duke and prayed him dearly he would not suffer Dagworth to go toward Ireland but the Duke could not comply by reason it was ordained by King and Council and on Monday morning when he took his Leave of the King in Bed he commanded him upon his Blessing he should not suffer Dagworth to go toward Ireland notwithstanding the Ordinance made the day before and also he was countermanded And to the Article of Richard Lyons he said in his Conscience he believed Alice Perrers was the chief Promoter of that Business but was not present Monsieur Philip de la Vache Sworn says nothing to the purpose Nicholas Carren Sworn says That he was commanded to come to Shene to the King where he found Richard Lyons and they were both commanded to come before the King in Bed where he found Dame Alice Perrers sitting at the King's Bed's Head where was shewed that the King would pardon the said Richard 300 l. due to the King upon Account in the Exchequer and also give him a Thousand Marks of his Treasure and restore him what was given him to his Sons the Earl of Cambridge and Tho. of Woodstock and commanded him the said Nicholas to let his Sons know so much and that the King rehearsed these Grants of his Grace c. before divers Knights and Esquires he called from behind the Curtains of his Bed to Witness the same Monsieur Alein Buxhall Swears the same except Alice Perrer's sitting at the King's Bed's Head and further That Alice desired him to acquaint the Earls of their Father's Pardon to Lyons which at her Instance the King commanded him to do There were more Sworn who said as they believed and much to this purpose and presently there were made to come before the Duke and other Earls Monsieur A Jury Sworn Roger Beauchamp Alein Buxhall John de Burle Richard Stury Philip de la Vage John de Foxle Tho. Garre Knights Nicholas Carren John Beauchamp of Holt John Beverle George Felbrigge John Salesbury William Street Piers Cornwall Tho. Londâ—n Helmin Leget Esquires of the King's House Sworn and charged to speak plain Truth whether the said Alice was culpable who They find her Guilty found her guilty and accordingly to the intent of the Statute made 50 Edw. III. considering the damages and villanies by her done she was sentenced by Parlement to be banished her Lands Her Sentence and Punishment Chattels Tenements in Demesn and Reversion to be forfeited and seized into the King's Hands And it was ordained by the King and Lords in that present Parlement That all her Land in Feoffees hands or purchased in Trust should be also forfeited But it was the Intention of the King and Lords and this Law made particularly Which was not to be made an Example for others for the prevention of such odious things should not be made use of or made an Example against any other Person or in any other Case The Commons 3 Ib. n. 49. pray for that King Edward was guided by unfit Counsellors par auscuns Conseillers nient Covenables as had been authentickly proved That they might be removed from all the King's Counsels and so as such nor other such should be King Edward guided by Evil Counsellors such to be removed from this Kings Counsels The King's Officers not to maintain Suits near him nor in office with him and that other fit Persons might be put in their places and that no Officers of the King's Court great or small do keep up Quarrels or Suits in the Country by Maintenance nor meddle with any thing but what belongs to his Office As to the first Request le Roy le voet the King willeth and as to the second Request touching Maintenance the King will straightly forbid any Counsellor Officer or Servant or others 4 Ib. Ro. The
Royal Power in Prejudice of the King his Royal Estate his Crown and Dignity And that the Charter of Pardon was made in Deceit of the King and expresly against him his Royalty sa Regalie and Dignity wherefore the said Pardon and Charter by Assent of the King and all Estates of Parlement upon the Request of the Commons had been in this Parlement Repealed and made Void And then the Earl was asked if he would say any other thing and Sir Walter Clopton Chief Justice of the King's Bench by the King's Command declared to him the Law and the Punishment he must undergo if he said nothing else and told him if he did not plead further he would be Convict and Attainted of all the Matters objected against him Notwithstanding this and the Repeal of the Charter and Pardon he demanded the Allowance of them The Appellants in their proper Persons prayed the King it would please him to give Judgment upon him as Convict of all His Judgment the Points he was Appealed Whereupon the Duke of Lancaster by Command of the King and all the Lords Temporal and Sir Thomas Percy having Power sufficient from the Prelates and Clergy as appeared by Record in this Parlement Awarded the Earl of Arundel Culpable and Convict of all the Points of which he was appealed and adjudged him Traitor to the King and Realm and that he should be Drawn Hanged Headed and Quartered and because The Aggravation of his Treasons the Treasons were so high as to have surrendred their Homage Liege and Deposed the King and the Levying of War having been so notorious the said Duke of Lancaster by Command of the King the Lords Temporal and Monsieur Thomas Percy having Power as above by Assent of the King Awarded That all the Castles Mannors Lands Tenements Reversions Fees Advousons and every other manner of Inheritance as well in Fee-taile as Fee-simple which were the Earl of Arundel's on the 19th of November in the 10th Year of the King or afterwards and also all the Lands and Tenements of which other Persons were inâ—eoâ—â—ed to his Vse the said 19th of November or afterwards should be forfeit to the King and his Heirs and also all his Goods and Chattels should be forfeited to the King who pardoned the Execution of his Judgment to be Drawn Hanged and Quartered but was Beheaded near the Tower of London on the same Day The King and Lords as well Spiritual and Temporal would not nor was it their Intention that the Lands and Tenements Fees Advowsons Reversions or any other Inheritance the said Earl of Arundel was infeâ—â—ed to the use of another by reason of this Judgment should in any manner be forfeit On the same day the Earl of Arundel was 3 Append. n. 111. brought into Parlement Tryed and Convicted the King directing his Warrant to Thomas Earl Marshall Captain of the Town of Calais and to his A Warrant to the Earl Marshall to bring the Body of the Duke of Glocester into Parlement Lieutenant That he should bring the Body of Thomas Duke of Glocester in his Custody with all speed he could to Answer to divers Articles of Treason in Parlement according to the Law and Custom used in England objected against him by the Appellants and to do further and receive what should be ordered by him and his Council concerning him in Parlement Dated at Westminster the 21st of September in the 21st year of his Reign by the King and Council in Parlement The 4 Ibm. The Earl Marshal returned he was dead Answer of the Earl Marshall was That he could not bring him before the King and his Council in that present Parlement for that he being in his Custody in the King's Prison at Calais died there This Return was made September 24. Upon 5 Pleas of the Crown 21 Ric. II. Reading of this Writ and Return in Parlement the Appellants in their proper Persons prayed the King That the Duke of Glocester might be declared Traytor and Enemy to him as having levied War in the Kingdom against his Person contrary to his Ligeance and that all his Lands Tenements Goods and Chattels as they ought in this Case notwithstanding his Death might be forfeit Whereupon the Commons also of this Parlement prayed the King and Lords That it being notoriously known to the King and all the Estates of the present Parlement and to all the Kingdom that the Duke and others of his Party assembled at Haringay in the County of Middlesex with a great number of People Armed and Arrayed to make War against the King contrary to their Ligeance and came with such Force into the presence of the Person of the King which was to levy War against their Liege Lord That he might be adjudged Traytor and that his Lands Tenements Goods and Chattels might be forfeit notwithstanding his Death as they ought in this Case Upon this all the Lords Temporal and Monsieur Thomas Percy having Power as abovesaid having been fully Examined said That the said Crime and Treason were notoriously known to them and the whole Kingdom wherefore His Judgment all the Lords Temporal and Monsieur Thomas Percy by assent of the King declared him guilty of levying of War and Traytor and adjudged all his Castles Mannors Lands c. which he was possessed of on the 13th of November in the Eleventh year of this Reign as in the Earl of Arundel's Judgment forfeit to the King and his Heirs And that none of his Issue or Heirs of his Body or their Issue or Heirs in time to come should ever bear the Royal Armes of England intire nor with difference ne ove deference or in other manner whatsoever nor should inherit the Crown of England Upon 6 Ibm. the 25th of September the Appellants in full Parlement prayed the King That if there were any thing upon Record whether by Confession of any Person appealed or other Person whatsoever touching their Appeal that it might be openly known and declared in full Parlement Then by Command of the King and Advice of all the Lords Temporal 7 Append. n. 112. The Confession of the Duke of Glocester when Prisoner before Sir William Rickhill a Commission bearing Date the 17th of August this year was read directed to Monsieur William Rickhill one of the Justices of the Common Bench and a Confession made before him by Thomas Duke of Glocester by force of that Commission and the Return of that Commission was then also Read which follows in these Words This is the Answer 8 8 Pleas of the Crown in Parlement 21 of Ric. II. of William Rickhill to the Commission of his Liege Lord. THomas Duke of Glocester be the name of Thomas of Woodstok the zer of the King Richard Twenty one in the Castle of Cales by vertue of a Commission of the King as it is more plainly declared in the same directed to William Rickhill Justice hath * * Declared
and Arms 15 days after the King had begun and holden his Parlement when they made the Award against the Two Spencers and concealed it from the King who knew nothing of it until the Hour they came with it to Westminster with Force and Arms so as the King could not hinder the passing of it which was to this effect To the Honour of God and Holy Church and of our Lord the King for the Profit of him and his Realm and to maintain Peace amongst his People and the Estate of the Crown the Prelates Earls Barons and other Peers of the Land and Communes of the Realm do shew against Sir Hugh le Despenser Father and Son That whereas Sir Hugh the Son at the Parlement at York 7 3 Weeks after Michaelmas Claus 12 Ed. II. M. 28. in cedula was Named and it was there Agreed he should be Chamberlain to the King in which Parlement it was Agreed That certain Prelates and other Great Men should be with the King by turns at several Seasons of the Year the better to advise him without whom no great Business ought to pass The said Sir Hugh the Son drawing to him his Father who was not by Order of Parlement to be near the King or to be one of those Counsellors between them both have usurped Royal Power over the King and his Ministers and the Government of the Kingdom to the Dishonour of the King the Injury of the Crown and Destruction of the Kingdom Great Men and People and have done the Wickednesses under-written in contriving to turn the Heart of the King from the Peers of the Land that they may have the sole Government thereof 1. That Sir Hugh the Son made a Bill or Writing whereby he would have had Sir John Gifford of Brimmesfield Sir Richard de Greye and others entred into a Confederacy to have forced the King to do what he would have him and had almost done it The Tenour of the Bill is under written 2. Homage and the Oath of Allegiance is more by reason of the Crown than of the Person of the King and bound him more to the Crown than the Person and this appeared for that before the Crown descends there is is no Allegiance due to the Person Expectant Wherefore in case the King carries not himself by Reason in Right of the Crown his Lieges are bound by Oath made to the Crown to remove the King and the State of the Crown by Reason and otherwise the Oath ought not to be kept Then it was demanded whether the King was to be dealt with by Suit of Law or by Rigour par Suit de Loy ou par Aspertee By Suit of Law it could not be for he had no Judge In which case if the King 's will be not according to Reason and that he maintains nothing but Errour therefore to save their Oath and when the King will not redress what is injurious to the People they must proceed with Rigour for he is bound by Oath to Govern his Lieges and his Lieges are bound to Govern in Aid of him and in Default of him 3. Also upon the Application of the Great Men and People unto him his Answer was according to the Pleasure of these Two in turning the King from his Duty against his Oath and the Hearts of the Great Men and People against their Liege Lord. 4. Also by their evil Contrivance they will not suffer the Great Men of the Realm nor Good Counsellers to speak with or come near the King to advise him nor the King to speak to them unless in their presence and hearing or of one of them and when they please they usurping Royal Power and Sovereignty over the Person of the King to the great Dishonour and Peril of him the Crown and the Kingdom 5. Also to attain to their Wickedness Covetousness and Disinheriting the Great Men and Destruction of the People they put out Good and Agreeable Ministers placed by Assent and put in others False and Wicked of their Party who will not suffer Right to be done as Sheriffs Escheators Constables of Castles and make Justices not understanding the Law as Sir Hugh the Father Sir Ralph Basset Sir Ralph Camois and Sir John Inge and others their Friends who caused to be indicted by false Jurors of their Alliance the Peers of the Land as the Earl of Hereford Monsieur Giffard of Brimmesfield and Monsieur Robert de Monshall and other good People to get their Lands 6. Also they falsly and maliciously advised the King to raise Arms against his People in Glocestershire contrary to the Great Charter and the Award of the Peers of the Land and by their false and evil Counsel would have made War in the Land for their own proper Quarrel to the Destruction of Holy Church and the People 7. Also whereas the Earl of Hereford and the Lord of Wigmore i. e. Mortimer by the King's Command were assigned to make War upon Lheuelin Bren who had levied War against him in Glamorganshire when the Earl of Glocester's Lands by reason of his Death were in the King's hand and Lhewelin had rendred himself into the Lords hands to the King's Grace and Pleasure and upon that Condition delivered him to the King who received him accordingly but when these Lords were out of the Country these Two the Father and Son usurping Royal Power took Lhewelin and carried him to Cardiff after that Sir Hugh the Younger was seized thereof as of his Share of the Earl of Glocester's Estate one of whose Daughters and Heirs he had married pretending to a Jurisdiction where none was in this case and there caused him to be Drawn Hanged Beheaded and Quartered feloniously for things done in the time of King Henry And also took upon them Royal Power and Jurisdiction which was appendant to the Crown in Disheritance of the Crown and Dishonour of the King the said Lords of Hereford and Mortimer and in ill Example and great Peril in the like case in time to come 8. Also they ill advised the King to take into his hands the Lands and Goods of Sir Hugh Audely the Son who was fore-judged without due Process contrary to the Law of the Land by the Covetousness of the said Hugh to get some of those Lands and by other false Compassments contrived to have the Lands of Sir Roger Dammory and for having him attainted for entring into Glocestershire in Disheritance of the Peers of the Land 9. Also that whereas the King had granted by his Letters Patents to the Earl of Warwick in full Parlement at Westminster That after his Death his Executors should have his Lands until his Heir was of Age which Grant after the Earl's Death was confirmed by the King at Lincoln at the Request and Assent of the Peers of the Land in Parlement the said Sir Hugh the Father procured his Son to cause the King to repeal this Grant without cause and to give to the said Hugh the Father