both before and after Coke on Litâ—l fol. 71. There cannot be an Accessary before the Fact in Man-slaughter because that is sudden and unprepensed See more in Stamf. Pl. Cor. lib. 1. cap. 45 46 47 48. Accessories in Petit-Treason Felony Murder shall not have their Clergy An. 4 5 Phil. Ma. c. 4. Accompt computus is taken for a Writ or Action which lies against a Bailiff or Receiver who ought to render an account to his Lord or Master and refuseth And by the Statute of Westm 2. cap. 1. if the Accomptant be found in arrear the Auditors that are assigned to him have power to award him to prison there to remain till he makes agreement with the party But if the Auditors will not allow reasonable expence and costs or if they charge him with more Receipts then they ought his next friend may sue a Writ of Ex parte talis out of the Chancery directed to the Sheriff to take four Mainpernors to bring his body before the Barons of the Exchequer and to warn the Lord to appear there at a certain day See Fitzh Nat. Br. fol. 116. Accord Fr. Agreement Concordance Consent Particularly it is an Agreement between two or more where any person is injured by a Trespass Offence or Contract to satisfie and content him with some recompence which if executed and performed shall be a good Bar in Law if the other party after the Accord performed bring any Action for the same Accroche Fr. accrocher To hook clasp or grapple unto It is used Anno 25 Edw. 3. Stat. 3. cap. 8. as Encroach In France even at this day Accrocher un Proces signifies to stay a Suit or to delay the proceeding of it for a time See Encroachment Achat Fr. Achet i. A Bargain or Purchase is used for a Contract or Bargain Brook tit Contract Purveyors were by Parliament 36 Ed. 3. ordained to be then after called Achators Acquietancia de Shiris et Hundredis i. Quod Prior non debet facere sectam ad Comitatum Norwici vol in Hundredo pro Manerio de Rudham cum pertin Ex Regist Priorat de Coke sford Acquietandis plegiis Is a Writ lying for a Surety against the Creditor that refuseth to acquit him after the Debt is paid Reg. of Writs fol. 158. Where it appears that this is a Justicies Acquital from the Fr. acquiter to free acquit or discharge most commonly signifies a Deliverance discharge and setting free from the suspition or guilt of an offence and is twofold Acquittal in Law and Acquittal in Fact Acquital in Law Is when two are appealed or endited of Felony one as Principal the other as Accessary the Principal being discharged the Accessary is by consequence also freed And in this case as the Accessary is acquitted by Law so is the Principal in Fact Stamf. Pl. Cor. fol. 168. Acquital is also where there is a Lord Mesn and Tenant and the Tenant holds Lands of the Mesn and the Mesn holds over of the Lord Paramount Now the Mesn ought to acquit the Tenant of all services claimed by any other for the same Lands for the Tenant must do his service to the Mesn onely and not to divers Lords for one parcel of Land See Coke on Littleton fol. 100. Acquittance acquietantia Is a Release or Discharge of a Debt formerly due But the Verb acquit the Participle acquitted and the Noun acquittal signifie also a discharge or clearing from an offence objected as acquitted by Proclamation Smith de Rep. Angl. p. 76. Stams Pl. Cor. fol. 168. Brook tit Acquittal Acre from the Germ. Acker i. ager Is a parcel of Land containing in length forty Perches and four in bredth or to that quantity be the length more or less And if a Man erect any new Cottage he must lay four Acres of Land to it after this measure Anno 31 Eliz cap. 7. With this measure agrees Crompt in his Jur. of Courts fol. 222. Though he says according to the Custom of divers Countreys the Pearch differs being in some places and most ordinarily but sixteen foot and a half but in Staffordshire twenty four foot as was adjudged in the Case between Sir Edward Aston and Sir John B. in the Exchequer In the Statute concerning sowing Flax 24 Hen. 8. cap. 4. eightscore Perches make an Acre which is forty multiplied by four See also the Ordinance of Measuring Land 31 Edw. 1. Stat. 1. which agrees with this account Action actio is thus defined by Bracton lib. 3. cap. 1. 3. Actio nihil aliud est quam jus prosequendi in judicio quod alicui debetur and is divided into personal real and mixt See Cokes 2 Inst fol. 40. Action personal is that which one Man hath against another by reason of any Contract for Money or Goods or for offence done by him or some other person for whose Fact he is by Law answerable Action real is that whereby the Demandant claims title to any Lands or Tenements Rents or Commons in Fee-simple Fee-tail or for life And every Action real is either Possessory that is of his own Possession or Seisin or ancestrel of the Seisin or Possession of his Ancestor Coke lib. 6. fol. 3. Real Actions as Writs of Right Writs of Entry c. And their several Appendixes as Grand Cape Petit Cape Receit View Aid-Prayer Voucher Counter-plea of Voucher Counter-plea of Warrantry Recovery in value were several great Titles in our Year-Books but now much out of use Preface to Rolls Abridgment Action mixt is that which lies indifferently against the thing detained or against the person of the Detainer and is so called because it hath a mixt respect both to the thing and the person Or as others define it is Sute given by the Law to recover the thing demanded and damages for wrong done As in Assize of Novel Disseisin which Writ if the Disseissor make a Feoffment to another the Disseisee shall have against the Disseisor and the Feoffee or other Ter-Tenant to recover not onely the Land but damages also And so is an Action of Wast and Quare impedit Actions are also divided into Civil Penal and Mixt. Coke Vol. 6. fol. 61. a. Action Civil is that which tends onely to the recovery of that which by reason of any Contract or other like cause is due to us As if a Man by Action seek to recover a sum of Money formerly lent c. Action Penal aims at some penalty or punishment in the party sued be it corporal or pecuniary As in the Action Legis Aquiliae in the Civil Law and with us the next friends of a Man feloniously slain or wounded shall pursue the Law against the offender and bring him to condign punishment Bracton lib. 3. cap. 4. Action Mixt is that which seeks both the thing whereof we are deprived and a penalty for the unjust detaining it As in an Action for Tythe upon the Statute 2 3 Edw. 6. cap. 13. Item est alia Actio
Collection of Rents or Pensions and that therefore those Rents were by a Metonymy called Obedientiae quia colligebantur ab obedientialibus Concil Eboracens Anno 1195. Obit Anno 1 Edw. 6. ca. 14. and 15 Car. 2. ca. 9. A Funeral Solemnity or an Office for the Dead most commonly performed at the Funeral when the Corps lie in the Church uninterr'd Also the Anniversary-Office Croke 2 Part fo 51. Hollowayes Case It was held 14 Eliz. Dyer 313. That the tenure of Obit or Chauntry Lands held of Subjects is extinct by the Act of 1 Edw. 6. Oblata Properly Offerings But in the Exchequer it signifies old Debts brought as it were together from precedent years and put to the present Sheriffs charge See the Practice of the Exchequer pa. 78 Also Gifts or Oblations made to the King by any of his Subjects which were so carefully heeded in the Reigns of King John and Henry the Third that they were entred in the Fine Rolls under the Title Oblata and if not paid estreated and put in charge to the Sheriffs concerning which you may see Mr. Fabian Philips Book of the Antiquity and legality of the Royal Purveyance Sir Henry Spelmans Glossary and Mr. Prins Aurum Reginae Oblations Oblationes in the Canon-Law are thus defined Dicuntur quacunque pits fidelibusque Christianis offeruntur Deo Ecclesiae sive res solidae sive mobiles sunt See Spel. de Concil To. 1. fo 393. Anno 12 Car. 2. ca. 11. Obligation Obligatio Is a Bond containing a penalty with a condition annexed for payment of Money performance of Covenants or the like And a Bill is commonly without penalty and without condition yet a Bill may be Obligatory Coke on Litt. fo 172. Obligor Is he that enters into such an Obligation and Obligee is he to whom it is entred into Before the coming in of the Normans as we read in Ingulphus Writings Obligatory were made firm with golden Crosses or other small signs or marks But the Normans began the making such Bills and Obligations with a Print or Seal in Wax set to with every ones special Signet under the express entituling of three or four Witnesses In former time many Houses and Lands thereto passed by Grant and Bargain without Script Charter or Deed only with the Landlords Sword or Helmet with his Horn or Cup yea and many Tenements were demised with a Spur or Curry-comb with a Bow or with an Arrow See Wang Obolata terrae Is in the opinion of some Authors half an Acre of Land but others hold it to be but half a Perch Thomasius sayes Obolum terrae contains ten foot in length and five in breadth See Fardingdeal Obventions Obventiones Offerings 2 Inst fo 661. Also Rents or Revenue properly of Spiritual Livings Anno 12 Car. 2. ca. 11. Margeria Marescalla Comitissa de Warewyke universis Sanctae matris Ecclesiae filiis c. dedi omnes obventiones tam in decimis majoribus minoribus quam in aliis rebus de assartis de Wigenoc decimam pannagii venationis de Wigenoc de Rinsell c. MS. penes Will. Dugdale Ar. Occupant If Tenant per terme dauter vic dies living cestuy que vie he that first enters shall hold the Land during that other mans life and he is in Law call'd an Occupant because his title is by his first occupation And so if Tenant for his own life grant over his Estate to another if the Grantee dies there shall be an Occupant Coke on Litt. ca. 6. Sect. 56. and Bulstrods Rep. 2 Part fo 11 12. Occupation Occupatio Signifies the putting a man out of his Freehold in time of War and is all one with Disseisin in time of peace saving that it is not so dangerous Coke on Litt. fo 249. b. Also Use or Tenure as we say such Land is in the Tenure or Occupation of such a Man that is in his possession or management See Terre Tenant Also Trade or Occupation 12 Car. 2. ca. 18. But Occupationes in the Stat. de Bigamis ca. 4. are taken for Usurpations upon the King and it is properly when one usurpeth upon the King by using Liberties or Franchises which he ought not to have As an unjust entry upon the King into Lands and Tenements is called an Intrusion so an unlawful using of Franchises is an Usurpation but Occupationes in a large sence are taken for Purprestures Intrusions and Usurpations 2 Inst fo 272. Occupavit Is a Writ that lies for him who is ejected out of his Land or Tenement in time of War As a Writ of Novel Dissesin lies for one ejected in the time of Peace Octave Octavus The eighth day after any Feast inclusively See Utas Octo tales See Tales Brook tit Octo Tales Odio atia Anno 3 Ed. 1. ca. 11. anciently called Breve de bono malo is a Writ sent to the under-Sheriff to enquire whether a Man being committed to Prison upon suspition of Murder be committed upon Malice or Ill-will or upon just suspition Reg. of Writs fo 133. b. See Bracton lib. 3. Part. 2. cap. 20. and Stat. 28 Edw. 3. ca. 9. Atia was anciently written Hatia or Hatya for Hate not Atia quia Malitia est acida as Sir Edw. Coke has it in his 9 Rep. fo 506. and in 2 Inst fo 42. See Spel. on Atia Office Officium Signifies not onely that Function by vertue whereof a man has some employment in the affairs of another as of the King or other person But also an Inquisition made to the Kings use of any thing by vertue of his Office who enquireth Therefore we often read of an Office found which is such a thing found by Inquisition made Ex Officio In which signification 't is used Anno 33 Hen. 8. ca. 20. and in Stamf. Praerog fo 60 61. where to Traverse an Office is to Traverse an Inquisition taken of Office before an Escheator And in Kitchin fo 177. to return an Office is to roturn that which is found by vertue of the Office See also the new Book of Entries verbo Office pur le Roy And this is by a Metonymy of the effect In this signification there are two sorts of Offices issuing out of the Exchequer by Commission viz. An Office to entitle the King in the thing enquired of and an Office of Instruction which read in Cokes Rep. Pages Case Office in Fee Is that which a Man hath to him and his heirs Anno 13 Ed. 1. ca. 25. Kitchin fo 152. See Clerk Oferhyrnesse Overhernessa Si autem post Excommunicationem satisfactionem venerint forisfacturam suam quae Anglicè vocatur Oferhyrnesse seu Cahstite pro unaquaque vocatione Episcopo suo reddant Concil Wintoniae temp Lanfranci Archiepis Anno 1076. See Gloss in x. Scriptores verbo Overhernessa Official Officialis Signifies him whom the Arch-deacon substitutes for the executing his Jurisdiction as appears by the Statute 32 Hen. 8. ca. 15. In the Canon-Law
purpose yet we stand Who so doth us any wrang In what place it fall Yet he must al 's wée le Al 's have I hap and héele Doe againe us all Sed perdonantur 28 ex eis Record continet quatuor Rotulos Ringhead Anno 43 Eliz. cap. 10. An Engin used in stretching Woollen Cloth Riot Fr. Riotte quod non solum rixam jurgium significat sed vinculum etiam quo plura in unum fasciculorum instar colligantur Signifies the forcible doing an unlawful act by three or more persons assembled together for that purpose West par 2. Symb. tit Indictments sect 65. The differences and agreements between a Riot Rout and Unlawful Assembly See in Lamb. Eiren. lib. 2. cap. 5. Stat. 1 Mar. cap. 12. and Kitchin fol. 19. who gives these Examples of Riots The breach of Enclosures Banks Conduits Parks Pounds Houses Barns the burning of Stacks of Corn c. Lamb. ubi supra mentions these To beat a Man to enter upon a Possession forcibly See Rout and Unlawful Assembly see also in Cromp. Justice of Peace divers Cases of Riots Anno 17 Rich. 2. cap. 8. and 13 Hen. 4. cap. 7. See Rout. Ripariae from Ripa a Bank in the Statute of Westm 2. cap. 47. Signifies the Water or River running between the Banks be it Salt or Fresh 2 Inst fol. 478. The word occurs also in Rot. Cart. 9 Edw. 2. num 12. Ripiers Riparii a Fiscella qua in devehendis piscibus utuntur Anglice a Ripp Are those that use to bring Fish from the Sea Coast to the inner parts of the Land Cam. Brit. pag. 234. Roather Beasts Anno 7 Edw. 6. cap. 11. See Rother-Beasts Robbery Robaria from the Fr. Robbe i. Vestis Is a Felonious taking away another Mans Goods from his Person Presence or Estate against his will putting him in fear and of purpose to steal the same West par 2. Symbol tit Indictments sect 60. This is sometimes called Violent Theft which is Felony of two pence Kitchin fol. 16. 22. See Cromptons Justice of Peace fol. 30. b. Robbers Robatores Were so called originally because they onely took away the Robes or Cloaths from Travellers Latrones validi qui in personas hominum insilientes bona sua diripiunt Robersmen or Roberdsmen Anno 5 Edw. 3. cap. 14. and 7 Rich. 2. cap. 5. Lambert interprets them to be Mighty Thieves Eiren. lib. 2. cap. 6. Sir Edward 〈…〉 ke in his Third Instit fol. 197. says Robin-Hood lived in Richard the First 's time in the Borders of England and Scotland by Robbery burning Houses Rape and Spoil c. And that these Roberdsmen took name from him Kod Roda terrae Is otherwise called a Pearch and is a measure of sixteen foot and a half long and in Staffordshire twenty foot to measure Land with See Pearch Rod Knights alias Rad Knights from the Sax. rad angl Road i. Equitatus tnyt i. puer minister famulus quasi pueri vel ministri equitantes Were certain Servitors who held their Land by serving their Lords on Horsback Debent equitare cum Domino suo de Manerio in Manerium vel cum Domini Uxore Bracton lib. 2. cap. 35. num 6. Not much unlike our Retainers Rose-tyle alias Creast-tyle Is that Tyle which is made to lay upon the Ridge of the House Anno 17 Edw. 4. cap. 4. Rogue Rogus from the Fr. Rogue Arrogans Signifies an idle sturdy Beggar who wandring from place to place without Pasport after he hath been by Justices bestowed or offered to be bestowed on some certain place of aboad is worthily so called who for the first offence is called A Rogue of the first degree and punished by whipping and boring through the Grissel of the Right Ear with a hot Iron an inch in compass and for the second offence is called A Rogue in the second degree and put to death as a Felon if he be above eighteen years old See the Stat. 14 Eliz. cap. 5. and 18 Ejusdem cap. 3. and Anno 36 cap. 17. See Lamb. Eiren. lib. 4. cap. 4. Rogus Lat. A great Fire also a Pile of Wood. Mandatum est constabulario castri de Divis. Et custodi Forestae de Cippeham quod fieri fac unum Rogum in Foresta praedicta ad operationes Castri praedicti prout melius viderit expedire c. T. x Maii. Claus 54 Hen. 3. m. 8. Rogus cum comburitur pira est congeries lignorum ad comburendum Vocab utriusque Juris Roll Rotulus Signifies a Schedule of Paper or Parchment which may be turned or wound up with the hand to the fashion of a Pipe Of which there are in the Exchequer several kindes as the Great Wardrobe Roll the Cofferers Roll the Subsidy Roll c. Of which see the Practice of the Exchequer Court fol. 75. Rider-Roll Noys Reports fol. 84. The Court Ex Officio may Award a Certiorari ad informandam conscientiam and that which is certified shall be annexed to the Record and is called a Rider Roll. Or a Rider Roll is a Schedule or small piece of Parchment not seldom sewed or added to some part of a Roll or Record Rolls or Office of the Rolls in Chancery-lane anciently called Domus Conversorum Was an House built or appointed by King Henry the Third for such Jews as were converted to the Christian Faith But King Edward the Third in the One and fiftieth year of His Raign expulsed them for their wickedness and deputed the place for the Custody of the Rolls and Records of the Chancery the Master whereof is the second person in Chancery and in the absence of the Lord Chancellor or Lord Keeper sits as Judge being commonly called The Master of the Rolls Romefeoh Romepeny Sax. romfeoh i Nummus Romae datus nam feoh est nummus pecunia stipendium rompening Romae Denarius Pening enim hodie A peny est Denarius Vide Romescot Romescot Romefeoh vel Romefee Rome-peny alias Denarius Sancti Petri Hearthpony Is compounded of Rome and Scot from the Sax. sceat i. Census pecunia quasi nummus Romae dicatus It was an annual tribute of one peny from every family or houshold paid yearly to Rome at the Feast of St. Peter ad Vincula 1 Aug. It was given by Inas King of the West-Saxons Anno 725. as an Alms being in Pilgrimage at Rome and was prohibited in the days of Edward the Third It amounted to Three hundred Marks and a Noble yearly Romfeoh in Festo Sancti Petri ad Vincula debet reddi Qui supra tenebit reddat Episcopo Denarium illum 30 Denarios addat Regi 50 solidos LL. Hen. 1 cap. 12. See Peter-pence Rood of Land Rodata Terr◠Is the fourth part of an Acre Anno 5 Eliz. cap. 5. Rother-Beasts Sax. Hryther Under this Name are comprehended Oxen Cows Steers Heyfers and such like Horned-Beasts Anno 21 Jac. cap. 28. And in Herefordshire the Dung of such Beasts is still called Rothersoyl Rotulus Wintoniae Domesday
be accounted of than a VVoolfs head LL. hdw. set forth by Lamb. fo 127. b. num 7. and Bracton lib. 3. Tract 2. ca. 11. See Utlary Vâ—oolfeshead VVulferford are all one Coke on Litt. fo 28 b. Wyke VVyka A Farm or little Village Et tutam Wykam cum hominibus c. Mon. Angl. 2 Par. fo 154. Wyte or Wite VVyta vcl VVita Sax. Æ¿ite i. Paena mulcta Saxones duo mulctarum genera statuere Weram Wptam Wera mortis reos gravissime peccantes liberabat Wyta mediis levioribus delictis statuta fuit non certa sed pro qualitate commissi alias gravior alias levior salvo tamen semper contenemento delinquentis ut lex loquitur in Mag. Char. ca. 14. hoc est aestimatione ejus Anglice his Countenance Ex his placitis quaedam emendantur centum solidis quaedam Wera quaedam Wyta quaedam emendari non possunt Leg. Hen. 1. ca. 13. Emendet juxta ordinis diguâ—tatem sive per redemptionem i. Were per forisfacturam i. Wite per Legis transgressionem i. Lasblite MS. de LL. Canuâ—i in Bibl. Cotton sub tit Vitellius C. 9. X. XEnia Dicuntur munuscula quae 〈◊〉 Provincialibus Rectoribus Provinciarum offerebantur Vox in Privilegiorum Chartis non insueta ubi quietos esse a Xeniis inmunes notat ab hujusmodi muneribus aliisque Donis Regi vel Reginae praestandis quando ipsi per praedia Privilegiatorum transierint ut in Chart. Domus Semplingham Principibus enim olim fuit in more a subditis vel invitis munera extorquere Itaque ab hoc jugo liberos fecit Ecclesiasticos Aethelbaldus Rex Merciorum Anno 749. ut ab exemplari Chartae suae cum apud Ingulphum Saxtum Wil. Malmsb. Lib. de Gestis Reg. Angl. p. 29. l. 4. His verbis habetur Concedo ut omni Monasteria Ecclesiae Regni mei a publicis vectigalibus operibus oneribus absolvantur Nec munuscula praebeant Regi vel Principibus nisi voluntaria Spelm. Nulla autem persona parva vel magna ab bominibus terrae Radingensis Monasterii exigat non equitationem sive expeditiunem non summagia non vectigalia non navigia non opera non tributa non Xenia c. In Memorand Scacc. de Anno 20 Edw. 3. Trin. Rot. 3. Y. YA Nay Quod homines sui Riponienses sint credendi per suum Ya per suum Nay in omnibus querelis Curiis licet tangen Fréedmortel c. Carta Athelstani Regis Yard Virga Is a well known measure of three foot in length which according to Sir Richard Baker Henry the First ordained by the length of his own Arm. See Virga Terrea Yard Land Virgata Terrae a Sax. gyrd i. Virga Is a quantity of Land various according to the place As at Wimbleton in Surrey it is but 15 Acres in other Counties 20 in some 24 in some 30 and in others 40 Acres Virgata terrae continet 24 acras 4 virgatae constituunt unam Hidam quinque Hidae constituunt feodum militare MS. Abbatiae Malmsb. This Yardland Bracton lib. 2. cap. 10. 27. calls Virg 〈…〉 m Terrae but expresseth no certainty what it contains It is called a Verge of Land Anno 28 Edw. 1. Statute of Wares See Seldens Titles of Honor fol. 622. Year and day Annus dies Is a time that determines a right in many cases and is in some an usucaption and in others a prescription as in case of an Estray if the owner Proclamation being made challenge it not within that time it is forfeit So is the year and day given in case of Appeal of Descent after entry or claim of Non claim upon a Fine or Writ of Right of the death of a Man sore bruised or wounded of Protections Essoigns in respect of the Kings Service of a Wreck and divers other cases Coke Vol. 6. fol. 107. b. and 3 Inst fol. 53. Year Day and Waste Annus dies vastum Is a part of the Kings Prerogative whereby he challengeth the profits of their Lands and Tenements for a year and a day that are attainted of Petit-Treason or Felony whosoever is Lord of the Mannor whereto the Lands or Tenements do belong and not onely so but in the end may waste the Tenement destroy the Houses Root up the Woods Gardens Pasture and Plough up Meadows except the Lord o the Fee agree with him for redemption of such Waste afterwards restoring it to the Lord of the Fee whereof you may read at large Stamf. Praerog cap. 16. fol. 44. Yelding or Yéelding and Paying Reddendo solvendo Is a corruption from the Sax. geldan and gyldan Sulvere praestare And in Domesday Gildare is frequently used for solvere reddere the Saxon g being often mistaken into Y. Yeme Is an ancient corruption of Hieme Winter as I have seen in an old Deed Reddend Ad Festum S. Martini in Yeme c. And in another of 4 Edw. 3. Thus Reddend quando dict quatuor acrae terrae sâ—miaantur somine Yemali duodecim Bussel boni legalis frumenti ad Festum Purificationis c. Yeven or Yeoven as we use at the end of Indentures and other Instruments Yeoven the day and year first above written Is a corruption from the Saxon Geofian i. Dare and is the same with Given So Dictum de Kenelworth concludes with Yeoven and proclaimed in the Castle of Kenelworth the day before the Calends of Nov. Anno 1256. Yeman or Yoman from the Sax. geman i. Communis These Camden in his Britan pag. 105. placeth next in order to Gentleman calling them ingenuos whose opinion the Statute affirms Anno 6 Ric. 2. cap. 4. And 20 Ejusdem cap. 2. Sir Tho. Smith in his Repub. Angl. lib. 1. cap. 23. calls him a Yoman whom our Laws call Legalem hominem which says he is in English a Freeman born that may dispend of his own Free-land in yearly Revenue to the sum of Forty shillings Sterling Verstegan in his restitution of Decayed Intelligence cap. 10. writes That Gemen among the ancient Teutonicks and Gemein among the Modern signifies as much as Common and that the first Letter G. is in this word as in many others turned into Y. and so written Yemen which therefore signifies Commoner Yoman signifies also an officer in the Kings House in the middle place between the Serjeant and the Groom as Yoman of the Chaundry Yoman of the Scallery Anno 33 Hen. 8. cap. 12. Yoman of the Crown Anno 3 Edw 4. cap. 5. The word Yongmen is used for Yomen in the Statute of 33 Hon. 8. cap. 10. And I have seen it written Jeman in old Deeds See Jeman Yingeman LL. Hen. 1. cap. 16. Danagildum quod aliquando Yingeman dabatur i. 12 d. de unaquaque hida per annum si ad terminum non reddatur Wita emendetur The Learned Spelman thinks this may possibly be mistaken for Inglishman or Englishman though he
False Amprisonment Is a Trespass committed against a man by Imprisoning him without lawful cause It is also used for the Writ brought upon this Trespass Fitz. Nat. Br. fol. 86. K. and 88. P. vide Broke and New Book of Entries verbo False Imprisonment False Prophecies See Prophecies False returno brevium Is a Writ lying against the Sheriff for false returning of Writs Reg. judicial fol. 43. b. Falsify Seems to signifie as much as to prove a thing to be false Perkins Dower 383 385. Also to say or do falsly as to falsify or counterfeit the Kings Seal Rex Vic. Lincoln Scias quod dedimus Adae de Essex Clerico nostro pro servicio suo omnes terras tenementa quae fuerunt Will. de Scrubby cujus terrae tenementa sunt excaeta nostra per Feloniam quam fecit de falsificatione Sigilli nostri T. apud Linc. 28. Nou. c. Claus 6 Joh. m. 12. in dorso Familia Pro hida massa manso carucata Donavit terram quinquaginta Familiarum ad construendum Monasterium Beda Hist Eccl. lib. 4 ca. 3. This term Hide is by our Writers sometimes called a Manse sometimes a Family sometimes Carucata or a Plough-land containing as much as one Plough and Oxen could cultivate in one year Cressy's Church-Hist fol. 723. b. Ubi Beda Familiam Saxonicus ejus interpres coaetaneus passim hide redderet Anglo-Normannis Carucata terrae Gloss in x. Script Fanaticks Anno 13 Car. 2. ca. 6. Is used as a general name for Quakers Anabaptists and other dissenters from the Church of England Faonatio or Feonatio from the Fr. Faonner a fawning or bringing forth young as Does do Carta Forestae ca. 8. Farding or Farthing of Gold quasi fourth-thing was a Coin used in ancient times containing in value the fourth part of a Noble viz. xx d. Silver and in weight the sixth part of an Ounce of Gold that is of 5 s. in Silver mention'd 9 H. 5. Stat. 2. cap. 7. thus Item that the King do to be ordained good and just weight of the Noble half-Noble and Farthing of Gold with the rates necessary to the same for every City c. Whereby it plainly appears to have been a Coin as well as the Noble and half-Noble Farandman Sax. Faran to Travel A Merchant-Stranger or Pilgrim to whom by the Lawes of Scotland Justice ought to be done with all expedition that his business or journey be not hinder'd Fardel of Land Fardella terrae Is according to some Authors the fourth part of a Yard-land Yet Noy in his compleat Lawyer pa. 57. sayes Two Fardels of Land make a Nook and four Nooks make a Yard-land Farding deal Sax feord i. quarta del or doele pars alias Farundel of Land Quadrantata terrae Signifies the fourth part of an Acre Crom. Jur. fol. 220. Quadrantata terrae is read in the Reg. of Writs fol. 1. b. where you have also Denariata obolata solidata librata terrae which must probably rise in proportion of quantity from the Fardingdeal as an half-penny penny shilling or pound rise in value Then must Obolata be half an Acre Denariata an Acre Solidata twelve Acres and Librata twelve score Acres yet I find Viginti libratas terrae vel redditus Reg. fol. 94. a. and fol. 248. b. whereby it seems Librata terrae is so much as yields xx s. per annum and Centum solidatas terrarum tenementorum redituum fol. 249. a. And in Fitz. Nat. Br. fol. 87. f. Viginti libratas terrae vel reditus which argues it to be so much Lands as twenty shillings per annum See Furlong Others hold Obolata to be but half a Pearch and Denariata a Pearch See Spelmans Gloss verbo Obolata terrae Sciatis me Rogerum de Ichtefeld dedisse Medietatem unius Feorwendel terrae de meo dominio c. Mon. Angl. 2 Pa. fo 913. b. Fare Sax. A voyage or passage or the Money paid for passing by Water Anno 2 3 Ph. Ma. cap. 16. Farley or Farleâ— In the Mannor of West Slapton in Com. Devon if any Tenant die possessed of a Cottage he is by the Custom to pay to the Lord six pence for a Farley Which I suppose may be in Lieu of a Heriot For in some Mannors Westward they distinguish Farleu to be the best good as Hariot is the best Beast payable at the Tenants death Farm From the Sax. Feorme i. Food Reditus est qui in â—locandis praediis Domino elocanti reservatur See Ferm and Spelm. Gloss verbo Firma Farthing of Land Sax. Feorþling Seems to be some great quantity and to differ much from Fardingdeal For I finde in a Survey Book of the Mannor of West Slapton in Devonshire entred thus A. B. holds six Farthings of Land at 126 l. per annum some hold it to be a Yardland See Fardel Fardingdeal and Farding Fat or Uate Is a great Wooden Vessel which among Brewers and Maulsters is used to measure Mault for expedition containing a Quarter Mentioned Stat. 1 Hen. 5. cap. 10. and 11 Hen. 6. cap. 8. It is likewise a Vessel or Pan of Lead for the making of Salt at Droitwich in the County of Worcester whereof the several Owners or Proprietors do claim Estates of Inheritance and Burgesship Fautors Anno 16 Rich. 2. cap. 5. Favorers supporters or maintainers Fealty Fidelitas Fr. Feaulte i. Fides Signifies an Oath taken at the admittance of every Tenant to be true to the Lord of whom he holds his Land And he that holds Land by this onely Oath of Fealty holds in the freest manner because all that have Fee hold per fidem â—iduciam that is by Fealty at the least Smith de Repub. Angl. lib. 3. cap. 8. This Fealty is also used in other Nations as in Lombardy and Burgundy Cassanaeus de consuetud Burgund pag. 419. And indeed as the very first creation of this tenure grew from the love of the Lord towards his Followers so did it bind the Tenant to Fidelity as appears by the whole course of the Feods and the breach thereof is loss of the Fee Hotoman in his Commentaries de verbis Feudalibus shews a Double Fealty one general to be performed by every Subject to his Prince the other special required onely of such as in respect of their Fee are tied by this Oath towards their Land-lords we may read of both in the Grand Custumary of Normandy c. Fealty special is with us performed either by Freemen or by Villains the form of both see Anno 17 Edw. 2. in these words When a Fréeman shall do Fealty to his Lord he shall hold his right hand upon a Book and shall say thus Hear you my Lord R. that I. P. shall be to you both faithful and true and shall ow my Fealty to you for the Land that I hold of you at the terms assigned So help me God and all his Saints When a Uillain shall do Fealty to this Lord he shall hold
That Feeferm oweth fealty though not expressed in the Feoffment since Fealty belongs to all kinds of Tenures See Ferm Felo de se Is he that commits Felony by murdring himself See Crom. Justice of P. fo 28. and Lamb. Eiren. lib. 2. ca. 7. The Saxons called him Self bana Self-bane Felony Felonia Fr. Felonnie Sir Edward Coke sayes Ideo dicta est Felonia quia fieri debet felleo animo lib. 4. fol. 124. b. We account any offence Felony that is in degree next Petit Treason and compriseth divers particulars as Murder Theft Killing ones self Sodomy Rape Willful burning of Houses and divers such like which are to be gathered especially out of the Statutes whereby many offences are daily made Felony which were not so before Felony is discerned from lighter offences in that the punishment thereof is death yet not alwayes For petit Larceny which is the stealing any thing under the value of twelve pence is Felony as appears by Broke tit Coron num 2 his reason is because the Inditement against such a one must run with these words Felonice cepit yet not punished by Death though it be loss of Goods Other exception I know not but that a Man may call that Felony which is under Petit-Treason and punished by death Of this there are two sorts one lighter which for the first time may be relieved by Clergy another that may not which may also be known by the Statutes for Clergy is allowed where it is not expresly taken away Of this read Stamf. pl Cor. lib. 1. but many offences are made Felony by Statute since he wrote and Lamb. Justice of P. lib. 2. ca. 7. in a Table drawn for the purpose Felony is also punished by loss of Lands not intailed and Goods and Chattels both real and personal yet the Statutes make difference in some cases concerning Lands as appears by 37 Hen. 8. ca. 6. Felony ordinarily works corruption of Blood unless a Statute ordaining an Offence to be Felony says It shall not corrupt the Blood As 39 Eliz. c. 17. Feme covert Fr. a Marryed Woman Anno 27 Eliz. ca. 3. who is also said to be under Covert baron Fence-moneth Mensis prohibitionis or Mensis vetitus Is a Moneth wherein the Female Deer do fawn and therefore t is unlawful to Hunt in the Forest during that time which begins fifteen dayes before Midsommer and ends fifteen dayes after in all 31 dayes See Manwood Part 2. cap. 13. per totum and the Stat 20 Car. 2. ca. 3. It is also called the Defence Moneth that is the Forbidden Moneth for the Latin is Ponantur in defenso There are also certain Fence or Defence Moneths or seasons for Fish as well as wild Beasts as appears by Westm 2. ca. 13. in these words All waters where Salmons are taken shall be in Defence for taking of Salmons from the Nativity of our Lady unto St. Martins-day And likewise that young Salmons shall not be taken nor destroyed by Nets c. from the midst of April to the Nativity of St. John Baptist See also 13 R. 2. Stat. 1. ca. 19. Fengeld Sax. Pecunia vel tributum ad arcendos hostes erogatum M. S. Antiq. Feodal Feodalis vel feudalis of or belonging to the Fee Fee-Farm or Fee-simple Anno. 12 Car. 2. ca. 24. Feodary Feudary or Feudatary Feudatarius Was an Officer Authorized and made by the Master of the Court of Wards by Letters Patent under the Seal of that Office His Function was to be present with the Escheator at the finding any Office and to give Evidence for the King as well concerning the value as the tenure to Survey the Land of the Ward after the Office found and rate it He did also assign the Kings Widows their Dowers and receive all the Rents of Wards lands within his Circuit This Officer is mentioned Anno. 32 Hen. 8. ca. 46 and seems to be totally taken away by 12 Car. 2. ca. 24. Noble-Men had also particular Feodaries Humfrey Count de Stafford de Perch Seigneur de Tunbridge de Cauz a nostre Feodier en le Counte de Warwick c. Saches que nous Dat. 17 H. 6. Feofment Feofamentum from the Gothish word feudum Signifies Donationem feudi any Gift or Grant of any Honours Castles Mannors Messuages Lands or other corporeal and immoveable things of like nature to another in Fee that is to him and his heirs for ever by the delivery of seisin and possession of the thing given whether the gift be made by word or writing when it is in writing it is called a Deed of Feofment and in every Feofment the giver is called the Feoffer Feofators and he that receives by vertue thereof the Feoffee Feofatus Litt. lib. 1. ca. 6. says the proper difference between a Feoffor and a Donor is that the first gives in Fee-simple the other in Feetay 〈…〉 Feofamentum est ipsum Donum Concessio vel actus feofandi See Coke on Litt. fol. 9. Ferdella terrae Is ten Acres See Virgata and Fardel Ferdendel See Fardingdeal Ferdfare Significat quictantiam eundi in Exercitum Fleta lib. 1. ca. 47. Ferdwit Significat quietantiam murdri in exercitu Fleta lib. 1. ca. 47. Et sint quieti de Fictwite Flictwite Ferdwite Hengewite Leirwite c. Carta 11 H. 3. m. 33. Ferial-days Dies Feriales Feriae according to the Latin Dictionary Signifies Holy-dayes or dayes vacant from Labour and Pleading But in the Stat 27 Hen. 6. ca. 5. Ferial dayes are taken for Working dayes For S. Silvester ordain'd Sabbati Dominici diei nomine retento reliquos hebdomadae dies feriarum nomine distinctos ut jam ante in Ecclesia vocari coeperant appellari So that Ferial dayes are properly all the dayes of the Week except Saturday and Sunday Ferling Ferlingus Sax. feorthling The fourth part of a Penny Quadrans Quando Quarterium frumenti venditur pro 12 denar tunc panis wastelli de Ferling is ponderabit 5 lib. 16 Sol. Assis panis Cervis Anno 51 Hen. 3. Cam. tit Huntingdon says there were in this Borough four Ferlings that is quarters of Wards Ferlingata terrae The fourth part of a Yardland Decem acrae faciunt Ferlingatam 4 Ferlingatae faciunt Virgatam 4 Virgatae faciunt Hidam 5 Hidae faciunt Feodum militare Esc 12 Ed. 2. n. 18. Ebor. In Ancient Records ferlingus terrae is also used See Mon. Angl. 2 Part. fol. 8. a. and elsewhere Ferdlingus terrae Ferm or Farm Lat. Firma Sax. feorme Fr. Ferme Signifies a Mouse and Land taken by Lease in writing or parol This in the North-parts is called a Tack in Lancashire a Ferm-holt in Essex a Wike I find locare ad firmam sometimes to signifie with others as much as to let or set to Farm with us the reason may be in respect of the sure hold they have above Tenants at Will Vide Vocab utriusque Juris verâ—o Afflictus How many ways Ferm is taken see Plowden Casu
Kinred of a slain person in recompence of his Murder LL. Aedmundi cap. ult Frum-stol Sax. Sedes primaria the cheif Seat or Mansion-House by some called the Fome-stal LL. Inae Regis cap. 38. Frussura from the Fr. Froissure A breaking down or demolishing Dedi eis nonam garbam tam in Frussuris quae de novo fiunt quam in c. Mon. Angl. 2 Par. fol. 394. b. Frustrum terrae A small peece of Land Residuum quiddam praeter acras numeratas vel campum mensuratum Cum in Domesday Frustrum terrae accipiatur pro ampla portione seorsum à campo villâ Manerio jacenti Domesday tit Hantisc Rex Abedestone In Insula habet Rex unum Frustrum terrae unde exemit 61. Vomeres lego Frustum Spelm. Fryth Sir Edward Coke on Littl. fol. 5. b. expounds it a Plain between two Woods a Lawnd Chaucer uses it for a Wood. Camden in his Britan. for an Arm of the Sea or great River Maketh his issue into the Estuary or Frith of Thames Smith in his Englands Improvement makes it signifie all Hedg-wood except Thorns How to reconcile these I know not but am sure the Saxon Friþ signifies Peace Frythborgh from the Sax. Friþ i. Pax and borge fidejussor Et sint quieti de Frythborgh de Blodewite Fithwyte Ferdwyte c. Record Pasch 6 Hen. 4. Rot. 24. It might here signifie a Freedom from giving security of the Peace Fuage or Focage a foco In the Reign of Edward the Third the Black Prince of Wales having Aquitain granted him laid an Imposition of Fuage or Focage upon the Subjects of that Dukedom viz. A shilling for every Fire called Herth-Silver Rot. Parl. 25 Edw. 3. Fuer Fr. fuir Lat. fugere Though it be a Verb yet it is used substantively and is twofold Fuer en feit in facto when a Man does apparently and corporally flie and Fuer en ley in lege when being called in the County he appears not until he be outlawed which is flighs in the interpretation of Law Stamf. Pl. Cor. lib. 3. cap. 22. Fugacia Signifies a Chase and is all one with Chasea Charta Matildis Imperatricis Miloni de Glouc. Fugitives Goods Bona fugitivorum Are the proper Goods of him that flies upon Felony which after the flight lawfully found do belong to the King or Lord of the Mannor Coke vol. 6. fol. 109. b. See Waif Fumage Fr. Fumagium Dung or a Manuring with Dung. Et sint quieti de Fumagio Maremio cariando c. Carta R. 2. Priorat de Hertland Pat. 5 Ed. 4. par 3. m. 13. Fumathoes or Fumadoes 14 Car. 2. cap. 31. Our Pilchards garbaged salted hanged in the smoak and pressed are so called in Italy and Spain whither they are carried in great numbers Furca Seucatefurcia fossa i. Gallows and Pit In ancient Priviledges it signified a Jurisdiction of punishing Felons that is Men with Hanging Women with Drowning Of which last take this notable example out of the Records of Rochester Church in the time of Gilbert Bishop there who flourished under Richard the First Anno 1200. Item duo mulieres venerunt in villam de Suffliete quae furatae fuerunt multos pannos in villa de Croindone secuti sunt eas homines ejusdem villae de Croindone quorum pannos furtiv◠asportaverunt usque in villam de Suffliete ibi captae fuerunt incarceratae habuerunt judicium suum in Curia de Suffliete ad portandum calidum ferrum quarum una fuit salva altera damnata unde submersa fuit in Bikepole Et hoc totum contigit tempore Gilberti Domini Episcopi in quolibet judicio fuerunt Coronarii Domini Regis Et Paulus de Stanes fuit tunc Cacherellus de Hundredo de Acstane Et per illud tempus Robertus de Hecham Monachus fuit custos de Manerio de Suffliete ad mulieres judicandas fuit Dominus Henricus de Cobeham alii plures homines discreti homines de Patria Fossa is taken away but Furca remains says Sir Edward Coke in his 3 Inst fol. 58. Furlong Sax. Furlang Is a quantity of Ground containing for the most part forty Perches or Poles in length and every Pole sixteen foot and a half eight of which Furlongs make a Mile Anno 35 Edw. 1. cap. 6. It is otherwise the eighth part of an Acre yet I finde in an old Book Printed in Henry the Eighth's time That Six hundred Foot by fivefcore to the Hundred make a Furlong See Acre In the former signification the Romans call it Stadium in the later Jugerum Furlong is sometimes used for a piece of Land of more or less Acres Omnibus Christi Fidel. Johannes Blount de Eye Arm. Dedit Thomae Croft Francisco Lovel Arm. unum Forlongum terrae arabilis continen per aestimationem quatuor Acras c. Dat. 20 Jan. 3 Eliz. Furnage Furnagium Fr. Fournage Est tributum quod Domino furni a sectatoribus penditur ob furni usum Multis enim in locis tenentur vasalli ad coquendum panes suos in furno Domini Est etiam lucrum seu emolumentum quod pistori conceditur in pistionis sumptus mercedem Et tunc potest pistor de quolibet quarterio frumenti lucrare 4 Den. furfur duos panes ad furnagium Assisa panis Cervisiae Anno 51 Hen. 3. See Fornagium Furr from the Fr. fourer i. pelliculare to line with Skins The Stat. 24 Hen. 8. cap. 13. mentions divers kindes of it as Sables which is a rich Fur of colour between Black and Brown being the Skin of a Beast called a Sable of bigness between a Polecat and an ordinary Cat and of fashion like a Polecat bred in Russia but most and best in Tartaria Lucerns which is the Skin of a Beast so called being near the bigness of a Woolf of colour between Red and Brown and mingled with Black-spots bred in Muscovia and Russia and is a very rich Fur. Genets that is the Skin of a Beast so called of bigness between a Cat and a Weezle mailed like a Cat and of that nature bred in Spain whereof there are two kindes Black and Grey and the Black the more precious having black spots upon it hardly to be seen Foins is of fashion like the Sable bred in France for the most part the top of the Fur is Black and the Ground whitish Martern is a Beast very like the Sable the Skin something courser the best are in Ireland Miniver is nothing but the Bellies of Squirrels as some say others say it is a little Vermin like a Weezle Milk white and comes from Muscovy Fitch is that which we otherwise call the Polecat Shanks are the Skin of the Shank or Leg of a kinde of Kid which bears the Fur we call Budge Calaber is a little Beast in bigness near a Squirrel of colour Grey and bred most in High Germany Fustic A kinde of Wood which Dyers use and is brought
King to some Baron or such like man of worth for him and his heirs to dwell upon and to exercise some jurisdiction more or less within that circuit as he thought good to grant performing him such services and paying such yearly rent for the same as he by his grant required and that afterward this great Man parcelled his Land to other meaner Men enjoyning them again such services and rents as he thought good and by that means as he became Tenant to the King so the inferiors became Tenants to him See Perkins Reservations 670. and Horns Mirror of Justices lib. 1. ca. du Roy Alfred In these dayes a Manor rather signifies the jurisdiction and Royalty incorporeal than the Land or scite For a man may have a Manor in Gross that is the right and interest of a Court Baron with the Perquisits and another enjoy every foot of the land belonging to it Kitchin fo 4. Bracton lib. 5. Tract 5. ca. 28. nu 1. See Fee A Manor may be compounded of divers things as of a House Arable Land Pasture Meadow Wood Rent Advowzen Court-baron and such like And this ought to be by long continuance of time bey ond mans memory For at this day as some hold a Manor cannot be made because a Court-Baron cannot be made and a Mannor cannot be without a Court-Baron and two suiters at least Manpygarnon Will. Walcote tenet Manerium de Adington in Com. Surr. per servitium inveniendi ad Coronationem Regis quoddam Potagium vocat Manpygarnon Mansion Mansio a Manendo A dwelling house a Country habitation most commonly used for the Lords chief dwelling House within his Fee otherwise called the Capital Messuage or the chief Manor-place See Skene verbo Mansus The Latin word Mansia in the Charter granted by King Kenulphus to Ruchin Abbot of Abingdon and mentioned by Sir Edward Coke in his Report de Jure Regis Ecclesiastico seems to signifie a certain quantity of Land Hida vel Mansia Mat. Westm in Anno 857. And in a Charter of Edw. Conf. it is written Mansa v. Hist of Pauls fo 189. Mansura Masura Are used in Domesday and other ancient Records for Mansiones vel habitacula villicorum But in carta de Anno 1 Edw. 3. n. 3. we read de tribus mansuris terrae in Wigornia quaere Manslaughter Homicidium Is the unlawful killing a Man without prepensed malice as when two meet and upon some sudden occasion falling out the one kills the other It differs from Murder because it is not done with foregoing malice and from Chancemedley because it has a present intent to kill and this is Felony but admits Clergy for the first time Stamf. pl. Cor. lib. 1 ca. 9. and Britton ca. 9. It is confounded with Murder in the Stat. 28 Edw. 3. ca. 11. Mansus Anciently a Farm Seldens Hist of Tythes pa. 62. Haec Indentura testatur quod Reginaldus Grey Dominus de Hastings Weisford de Ruthin tradidit Iohanni Saunders Mansum Manerii de Bedworth c. dat 18 Hen. 6. Here Mansum Manerii is used for the Mannor House or Mannor-Place Mansum capitale dicitur de aedibus Domini Manerii quas aulam vulgo nuncupant Mansum or Mansus is sometimes confounded with Mesuagium Spelman Manubrium The handle or haft of a Sword or Dagger Iur. praesentant quod A. de C. Aurifaber 2 Iunii 2 Iac. apud S. praedict quoddam Manubrium pugionis ferreum Anglice dictum A Dagger hilt of Iron c. Apud Maidston Manucaptio Is a Writ that lies for a Man who taken on suspicion of Felony and offering sufficient Bayl for his appearance cannot be admitted thereto by the Sheriff or other having power to let to Mainprise Fitz. Nat. Br. fo 249. See Mainprise How diversly it is used see the Table of Reg. of Writs And Pryns Animadversions fo 268. Manuel Manuelis That whereof present profit may be made or that is employed or used by the hand Stamf. Praerog fol. 54. As such a thing in the Manuel occupation of one i. Actually used or employed by him Manumission Manumissio Is the freeing a Villain or Slave out of bondage The form of this in the time of the Conqueror Lamb. in his Archai fo 126. sets down in these words Si quis velit servum suum liberum facere tradat cum vicecomiti per manum dextram in pleno comitatu quietum illum clamare debet a jugo servitutis suae per manumissionem ostendat ei liberas portas vias tradat illi libera arma scilicet lanceam gladium deinde liber homo efficitur Some also were manumitted by Charter Vide Brooke tit Villenage fo 305. Another way of Manumitting was for the Lord to take the Bondman by the Head and say I will that this Man be Free and then shove him out of his hand There was also Manumission imply'd as when the Lord made an Obligation for payment of Money to the Bondman at a certain day or sued him where he might enter without Sute or the like See Neif EDWARDUS Dei Gratia Rex Angliae Franciae Dominus Hiberniae Omnibus ad quos praesentes Literae nostrae pervenerint Salutem Sciatis quod nos ex gratia nostra speciali ex mero motu nostro Manu misimus ab omni jugo servitutis liberamus Johannem Dedwiche de Orleton in Com. Heref. Husbandman William Dedwiche de eadem Husbandman Nativos nostros de Manerio sive Dominio nostro de Orleton praedict Cum omnibus bonis catallis suis tuta eorum sequela progenie de eorum corporibus procreatis sive procreandis Ita quod nec Nos nec heredes nec Successores nec Assignati nostri aliquod Iuris vel clamei ratione alicujus Villenagii in ejusdem Johanne Willielmo seu de eorum progenie procreatis sive procreandis seu de bonis Catallis suis exigere vel vendicare poterimus in futuro c. In cujus rei testimon has literas nostras sub sigillo nostro Comitis nostrae Marchiae fieri fecimus Patentes Dat. vicessimo die Mensis Aprilis anno regni nostri octavo Ex ipso autographo penes Johan Colman Gen. locus sigil i. Sigillum Edwardi quarti dei gra regis anglie francie diu hiberme conntatussin marchie Manupastus Saepe obvenit in forensi dialecto pro famulo serviente Domestico Spelman Erat culpabilis tanquam de Manupasto Manwood cap. 16. n. 6. i. He shall be culpable as of a thing done by one of his family Gloss in x. Scriptor Manutenentia Is a Writ used in case of Maintenance Reg. of Writs fol. 182. 189. See Maintenance Manworth Sax. Manwyrth The price or value of a Mans Life or Head every Man according to his degree being rated at a certain price according whereunto satisfaction was of old made to his Lord for the killing him Marches Marchia Are the Bounds and Limits between