Linguistic DNA - Concept Modelling Demonstrator

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	fee_n	lord_n	tenant_n	2,248	5	9.7444	5	true

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A33627	Certain select cases in law reported by Sir Edward Coke, Knight, late Lord Chief Justice of England ... ; translated out of a manuscript written with his own hand, never before published ; with two exact tables, the one of the cases, and the other of the principal matters therein contained.; Reports. Part 13. English	Coke, Edward, Sir, 1552-1634.	1659 (1659)	Wing C4909; ESTC R1290	92,700	80

and_o seal_v put_v to_o the_o transcript_n ingross_v and_o not_o to_o the_o testament_n itself_o and_o so_o out_o of_o the_o statute_n and_o the_o statute_n extend_v only_o when_o the_o probat_fw-la and_o seale_n be_v put_v to_o the_o testament_n itself_o and_o for_o the_o engross_n of_o it_o after_o the_o probate_n no_o certain_a fee_n be_v provide_v by_o the_o statute_n but_o for_o the_o register_n of_o it_o after_o it_o be_v prove_v there_o be_v a_o express_a fee_n in_o the_o statute_n but_o i_o conceive_v that_o the_o say_v take_v of_o the_o fourteen_o shilling_n ten_o penny_n in_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n be_v direct_o against_o the_o statute_n for_o the_o act_n be_v in_o the_o negative_a and_o if_o the_o executor_n require_v the_o testament_n to_o be_v ingross_v in_o parchment_n he_o ought_v to_o agree_v with_o he_o who_o he_o require_v to_o do_v it_o as_o he_o may_v but_o the_o ordinary_a official_a etc._n etc._n ought_v not_o to_o exact_v any_o fee_n for_o the_o same_o of_o the_o party_n as_o a_o thing_n due_a to_o he_o for_o divers_a cause_n 1._o because_o the_o word_n of_o the_o act_n be_v express_v for_o the_o probation_n etc._n etc._n and_o for_o the_o register_n seal_v write_a praise_v make_v of_o inventory_n fine_n give_v of_o acquittance_n etc._n etc._n which_o word_n writing_n extend_v express_o to_o this_o case_n 2._o the_o word_n be_v or_o any_o thing_n concern_v the_o same_o probate_n and_o when_o the_o seal_n and_o probate_n be_v put_v to_o the_o transcript_n the_o same_o without_o question_n concern_v the_o probate_n for_o the_o probat_fw-la be_v not_o put_v to_o any_o write_n but_o only_o to_o that_o therefore_o the_o same_o concern_v the_o probate_n 3._o such_o a_o construction_n shall_v make_v the_o act_n idle_a and_o vain_a for_o if_o the_o ordinary_a official_a etc._n etc._n may_v take_v as_o much_o as_o he_o please_v for_o the_o engross_n do_v by_o his_o minister_n as_o a_o fee_n due_a to_o he_o all_o the_o purview_n of_o the_o statute_n which_o be_v pen_v so_o precise_o concern_v person_n scil_n bishop_n ordinary_n and_o all_o person_n who_o have_v power_n to_o prove_v will_n and_o testament_n register_n scribe_n summoner_n apparition_n or_o any_o other_o the_o minister_n as_o for_o the_o thing_n itself_o scil_n the_o probation_n insinuation_n approbation_n register_n seal_v write_a praise_v make_v of_o inventory_n fine_n give_v of_o acquittance_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n concern_v the_o same_o shall_v be_v all_o in_o vain_a by_o that_o evasion_n of_o transcribe_v of_o it_o as_o well_o against_o the_o express_a letter_n of_o the_o act_n as_o the_o intention_n and_o move_v of_o it_o also_o the_o statute_n say_v five_o shilling_n and_o not_o above_o so_o as_o the_o manner_n of_o precise_a pen_n of_o it_o exclude_v all_o nice_a evasion_n and_o the_o act_n ought_v to_o be_v expound_v to_o suppress_v extortion_n which_o be_v a_o great_a affliction_n and_o impoverish_v of_o the_o poor_a subject_n 4._o as_o this_o case_n be_v he_o annex_v the_o probate_n and_o seal_v to_o the_o transcript_n ingross_v which_o the_o plaintiff_n bring_v with_o he_o and_o offer_v to_o the_o defendant_n so_o as_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n be_v without_o question_n and_o general_o the_o ordinary_a official_a &c._n &c._n can_v exact_v or_o take_v any_o fee_n for_o any_o thing_n which_o concern_v the_o probate_n of_o a_o will_n or_o testament_n but_o that_o which_o the_o statute_n limit_n and_o afterward_o the_o jury_n find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o of_o such_o opinion_n be_v walmesley_n warberton_n daniel_n and_o foster_n justice_n the_o next_o term_n in_o all_o thing_n but_o upon_o exception_n in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n for_o not_o pursue_v of_o the_o act_n in_o the_o information_n judgement_n be_v not_o yet_o give_v etc._n etc._n x._o hillar_n anno_fw-la 6_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o the_o common_a pleas._n nota_fw-la that_o in_o this_o term_n a_o question_n be_v move_v to_o the_o court_n knight_n aid_v to_o make_v the_o king_n elder_a son_n knight_n which_o be_v this_o if_o tenant_n in_o burgage_n shall_v pay_v aid_n unto_o the_o king_n to_o make_v his_o elder_a son_n knight_n and_o the_o point_n rest_v upon_o this_o if_o the_o tenure_n in_o burgage_n be_v a_o tenure_n in_o socage_n for_o by_o the_o ancient_a commmon_a law_n every_o tenant_n in_o knight_n service_n and_o every_o tenant_n in_o socage_n be_v to_o give_v to_o his_o lord_n a_o reasonable_a aid_n to_o make_v his_o elder_a son_n a_o knight_n and_o to_o marry_v his_o elder_a daughter_n and_o that_o be_v incertain_a at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o also_o incertain_a when_o the_o same_o 20._o vide_fw-la f._n n._n b._n 82._o 20._o shall_v be_v pay_v and_o this_o appear_v by_o glanvil_n lib._n 9_o cap._n 8._o fol._n 70._o who_o write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o nihil_fw-la autem_fw-la certum_fw-la statutum_n &_o de_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la auxiliis_fw-la dandis_fw-la vel_fw-la exigendis_fw-la etc._n etc._n sunt_fw-la alii_fw-la praeterea_fw-la daughter_n see_v the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8_o cap_n 10_o of_o use_n in_o the_o preamble_n concern_v aide_n to_o make_v the_o elder_a son_n knight_n and_o to_o marry_v the_o daughter_n casus_fw-la in_o quibus_fw-la licet_fw-la dominis_n auxilia_fw-la solvenda_fw-la sunt_fw-la certa_fw-la forma_fw-la praescripta_fw-la ab_fw-la hominibus_fw-la suiis_fw-la ut_fw-la silius_fw-la suus_fw-la &_o haeres_fw-la fiat_fw-la mile_n vel_fw-la si_fw-la primogenitam_fw-la svam_fw-la filiam_fw-la maritaverit_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o chapter_n it_o be_v call_v rationabile_fw-la auxilium_fw-la because_o that_o then_o it_o be_v not_o certain_a but_o to_o be_v moderate_v by_o reason_n in_o respect_n of_o circumstance_n and_o by_o the_o preamble_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o west_n 1._o an._n 3_o e._n 1._o cap._n 35._o where_o it_o be_v say_v forasmuch_o as_o before_o that_o time_n reasonable_a aid_n to_o make_v one_o son_n knight_n or_o to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n be_v never_o put_v in_o certain_a nor_o when_o the_o same_o aught_o to_o be_v pay_v nor_o how_o much_o be_v take_v the_o say_a act_n put_v the_o say_v two_o incertainty_n to_o a_o certainty_n 1._o that_o for_o a_o whole_a knight_n fee_fw-mi there_o be_v take_v but_o 20_o s._n and_o of_o 20_o l._n land_n hold_v in_o socage_n 20_o s._n and_o of_o more_o more_o and_o of_o less_o less_o according_a to_o the_o rate_n by_o which_o the_o aid_n itself_o be_v set_v certain_a 2._o that_o none_o may_v levy_v such_o aid_n to_o make_v his_o son_n a_o knight_n until_o his_o son_n be_v of_o the_o age_n of_o fifteen_o year_n nor_o to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n until_o she_o be_v of_o the_o age_n of_o seven_o year_n and_o fleta_n who_o write_v after_o the_o say_a act_n call_v they_o rationabilia_fw-la auxilia_fw-la ad_fw-la filium_fw-la militem_fw-la faciendum_fw-la vel_fw-la ad_fw-la filiam_fw-la primogenitam_fw-la maritandum_fw-la and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25_o e._n 1._o where_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o no_o tax_n shall_v be_v take_v but_o by_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o realm_n there_o be_v a_o exception_n of_o the_o ancient_a aid_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v to_o be_v intend_v of_o these_o aid_n due_a unto_o the_o king_n by_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n but_o notwithstanding_o the_o say_a act_n of_o westm_n 1._o it_o be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o king_n because_o he_o be_v not_o express_o name_v be_v bind_v by_o it_o and_o therefore_o in_o the_o twenty_o year_n of_o e._n 3._o the_o king_n take_v a_o aid_n of_o 40_o s._n of_o every_o knight_n fee_n for_o to_o make_v the_o black_a prince_n knight_n and_o nothing_o then_o of_o land_n hold_v in_o socage_n and_o to_o take_v away_o all_o question_n concern_v the_o same_o the_o same_o be_v confirm_v to_o he_o in_o parliament_n and_o afterward_o anno_fw-la 25_o e._n 3._o cap._n 11._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o reasonable_a aid_n to_o make_v the_o king_n elder_a son_n knight_n and_o to_o marry_v his_o elder_a daughter_n shall_v be_v demand_v and_o levy_v after_o the_o form_n of_o the_o statute_n make_v thereof_o and_o not_o in_o other_o manner_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o every_o fee_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n without_o mean_a 20_o s._n and_o no_o more_o and_o of_o every_o 20_o l._n land_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n without_o mean_a in_o socage_n 20_o s._n and_o no_o more_o now_o littleton_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 10._o fol._n 36._o b._n burgage_n tenure_n be_v where_o a_o ancient_a borough_n be_v of_o which_o the_o king_n be_v lord_n and_o those_o who_o have_v tenement_n within_o the_o borough_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n their_o tenement_n that_o every_o tenant_n for_o his_o tenement_n ought_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o king_n a_o certain_a rent_n and_o such_o tenure_n be_v but_o tenure_n in_o socage_n and_o all_o socage_n land_n be_v contributory_a to_o

aid_v and_o therefore_o a_o tenant_n in_o burgage_n shall_v be_v contributory_a to_o it_o and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v and_o so_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o register_n foe_n 1_o &_o 2._o that_o in_o a_o writ_n of_o right_n if_o the_o land_n or_o tenement_n be_v hold_v by_o knight_n service_n it_o be_v say_v quas_fw-la clamat_fw-la tenere_fw-la de_fw-la te_fw-la per_fw-la servitium_fw-la unius_fw-la feodi_fw-la militis_fw-la and_o if_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v in_o socage_n the_o writ_n be_v quis_fw-la clamat_fw-la tenere_fw-la de_fw-la te_fw-la per_fw-la liberum_fw-la servitium_fw-la unius_fw-la libri_fw-la cumini_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o as_o socage_n tenure_n in_o all_o writ_n be_v call_v liberum_fw-la servitium_fw-la and_o by_o the_o writ_n of_o aid_n fitz._n n._n b._n 82._o it_o be_v command_v to_o the_o sheriff_n quod_fw-la just_a etc._n etc._n facias_fw-la habere_fw-la a._n rationabile_fw-la auxilium_fw-la de_fw-la militibus_fw-la &_o liberis_fw-la tenentibus_fw-la suis_fw-la in_o baliva_fw-la tua_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o as_o the_o same_o writ_n make_v a_o distinction_n of_o knight_n service_n by_o the_o name_n of_o militibus_fw-la and_o of_o socage_n by_o the_o name_n of_o liberis_fw-la tenentibus_fw-la and_o in_o the_o register_n fol._n 2._o 6._o the_o writ_n of_o right_n for_o a_o house_n in_o london_n which_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o burgage_n be_v in_o these_o word_n rex_fw-la majori_fw-la vel_fw-la custodi_fw-la &_o vicecom_v london_n praecipimus_fw-la vobis_fw-la quod_fw-la sine_fw-la dilatione_fw-la teneatis_fw-la g._n de_fw-fr uno_fw-la messuagio_fw-it etc._n etc._n in_o london_n quae_fw-la clamat_fw-la tenere_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la per_fw-la liberum_fw-la servitium_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o prove_v that_o tenure_n in_o burgage_n be_v a_o tenure_n in_o socage_n but_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o book_n of_o avowry_n 26._o and_o 10_o h._n 6._o so_o ancient_a demesne_n 11._o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o all_o the_o justice_n in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n that_o no_o tenure_n shall_v pay_v for_o a_o reasonable_a aid_n to_o marry_v the_o daughter_n or_o to_o make_v the_o son_n a_o knight_n but_o tenure_n by_o knight_n service_n and_o tenure_n by_o socage_n but_o not_o tenure_n by_o grandserjanty_n nor_o no_o other_o and_o 13_o h._n 4._o 34._o agree_v to_o the_o case_n of_o grandserjanty_n and_o by_o the_o say_a book_n it_o appear_v that_o tenure_n by_o frankalmoign_n and_o tenure_n by_o divine_a service_n shall_v not_o pay_v for_o they_o be_v none_o of_o they_o but_o tenure_n in_o burgage_n be_v a_o tenure_n in_o socage_n and_o therefore_o the_o say_a book_n prove_v that_o such_o a_o tenure_n shall_v pay_v aid_n and_o i_o conceive_v that_o tenure_n by_o petit-serjanty_a shall_v pay_v also_o aid_v for_o litt._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 8._o foe_n 36._o say_v that_o such_o a_o tenure_n be_v but_o socage_n in_o effect_n but_o fitz._n n._n b._n 83._o a._n avouch_v 13_o h._n 4._o 34._o that_o tenant_n by_o petit-serjanty_a shall_v not_o pay_v aid_n but_o the_o book_n only_o extend_v to_o grandserjanty_a if_o the_o house_n in_o a_o city_n or_o borough_n be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o burgage_n and_o the_o king_n grant_v the_o seignory_n to_o one_o and_o the_o city_n or_o borough_n to_o another_o to_o hold_v of_o he_o than_o those_o house_n shall_v not_o be_v contributory_a to_o aid_v for_o they_o be_v not_o immediate_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n as_o be_v require_v by_o the_o law_n and_o i_o conceive_v that_o he_o who_o hold_v a_o rent_n of_o the_o king_n by_o knight_n service_n or_o in_o socage_n shall_v pay_v aid_n for_o the_o word_n of_o the_o act_n of_o westm_n 1._o cap._n 35._o be_v from_o henceforth_o of_o a_o whole_a knight_n fee_n only_o be_v take_v 20_o s._n of_o 20_o l._n land_n hold_v in_o socage_n 20_o s._n and_o the_o mean_a be_v say_v in_o supposition_n of_o law_n to_o hold_v the_o land_n and_o it_o be_v not_o reason_n that_o the_o tenant_n by_o his_o feoffment_n before_o the_o statute_n shall_v prejudice_v the_o lord_n of_o his_o benefit_n and_o although_o it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o tenure_n in_o socage_n in_o servitium_fw-la socae_fw-la as_o littleton_n say_v and_o the_o same_o can_v be_v apply_v to_o house_n to_o that_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o land_n upon_o which_o the_o house_n be_v build_v or_o if_o the_o house_n fall_v down_o may_v be_v make_v arable_a and_o be_v plough_v and_o a_o rent_n may_v be_v hold_v in_o socage_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o be_v plough_v but_o by_o a_o possibility_n after_o word_n escheat_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o land_n see_v huntingdon_n polidor_n virgil_n and_o hollinsheds_n chronicle_n fol._n 35._o 15_o h._n 4._o aid_n be_v levy_v by_o hen._n 7._o 1._o to_o marry_v maud_n his_o elder_a daughter_n to_o the_o emperor_n viz._n 3_o l._n of_o every_o hide_n of_o land_n etc._n etc._n and_o see_v the_o grand_a customary_a of_o normandy_n cap._n 35._o there_o be_v a_o chapter_n of_o aid_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v to_o make_v the_o elder_a son_n of_o his_o lord_n a_o knight_n and_o the_o second_o to_o marry_v his_o elder_a daughter_n and_o see_v a_o statute_n make_v in_o anno_fw-la 19_o h._n 7._o which_o begin_v thus_o item_n praefati_fw-la commune_v in_o parliamento_fw-la praedicto_fw-la existentes_fw-la ex_fw-la assensu_fw-la duorum_fw-la spiritualium_fw-la &_o temporalium_fw-la in_o dicto_fw-la parliamento_fw-la similiter_fw-la existen_v concesserunt_fw-la praefato_fw-la regi_fw-la quandÃ m_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la summam_fw-la in_o loco_fw-la duorum_fw-la rationabilium_fw-la auxiliorum_fw-la suae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la debit_fw-la tam_fw-la ratione_fw-la creationis_fw-la nobilissimi_fw-la silij_fw-la svi_fw-la primogeniti_fw-la bonae_fw-la memoriae_fw-la domini_fw-la arthuri_fw-la nuper_fw-la principis_fw-la walliae_fw-la quam_fw-la ratione_fw-la matrimonii_fw-la &_o traductionis_fw-la nobilissimi_fw-la principis_fw-la margaritae_n filiae_fw-la suae_fw-la primogenit_fw-la quam_fw-la etiam_fw-la multiplicare_fw-la pro_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la perpetua_fw-la pace_fw-la &_o tranquillitate_fw-la etc._n etc._n certis_fw-la viis_fw-la &_o modis_fw-la levand_n cujus_fw-la quidem_fw-la concessionis_fw-la tenor_n etc._n etc._n sequitur_fw-la in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o king_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n be_v rightful_o entitle_v to_o have_v two_o reasonable_a aid_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o this_o land_n the_o one_o for_o the_o make_v knight_n the_o right_n honourable_a his_o first_o beget_v son_n arthur_n late_a prince_n of_o wales_n decease_v and_o the_o other_o for_o that_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o right_n noble_a princess_n his_o first_o beget_v daughter_n margaret_n now_o marry_v to_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n and_o also_o that_o his_o highness_n have_v bear_v great_a and_o inestimable_a charge_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n etc._n etc._n consider_v the_o premise_n and_o if_o the_o same_o aid_n shall_v be_v levy_v and_o have_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o tenor_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o land_n shall_v be_v to_o they_o doubtful_a and_o uncertain_a and_o great_a unquietness_n for_o the_o search_n and_o not_o knowledge_n of_o their_o several_a tenor_n and_o their_o land_n chargeable_a to_o the_o same_o have_v make_v humble_a petition_n unto_o his_o highness_n gracious_o to_o accept_v and_o take_v of_o they_o the_o sum_n of_o 40000_o l._n as_o well_o in_o recompense_n and_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o say_v two_o aid_n as_o for_o the_o say_v great_a and_o inestimable_a charge_n etc._n etc._n as_o be_v aforesaid_a the_o king_n to_o eschew_v and_o avoid_v the_o great_a vexation_n trouble_n and_o unquietness_n which_o to_o they_o shall_v have_v ensue_v if_o the_o say_a aid_n be_v levy_v after_o the_o ancient_a law_n and_o for_o the_o good_a and_o acceptable_a service_n of_o the_o noble_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o other_o his_o faithful_a subject_n in_o their_o own_o person_n and_o otherwise_o do_v to_o his_o grace_n and_o thereby_o sustain_v manifold_a cost_n and_o charge_n to_o his_o great_a honour_n and_o pleasure_n do_v pardon_v the_o say_v two_o aid_n and_o accept_v the_o offer_n aforesaid_a and_o that_o the_o poor_a of_o his_o say_a commons_o shall_v not_o be_v contributory_a to_o the_o say_a sum_n of_o 40000_o l._n have_v pardon_v 10000_o l._n parcel_n thereof_o and_o do_v accept_v of_o 30000_o l._n in_o full_a satisfaction_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n town_n and_o place_n be_v in_o every_o shire_n not_o by_o themselves_o accountable_a in_o the_o exchequer_n for_o fifteen_o and_o ten_o be_v chargeable_a with_o the_o shire_n etc._n etc._n and_o all_o city_n and_o borough_n not_o contributory_a etc._n etc._n but_o accountable_a by_o themselves_o etc._n etc._n shall_v be_v chargeable_a by_o themselves_o towards_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o say_v 30000_o l._n with_o such_o sum_n as_o under_o the_o act_n particular_o appear_v etc._n etc._n and_o there_o under_o the_o act_n appear_v the_o several_a taxation_n of_o every_o several_a county_n city_n

tenementorum_fw-la per_fw-la eundem_fw-la b._n dicto_fw-la medio_fw-la tempore_fw-la percept_v sine_fw-la dilatione_fw-la haberi_fw-la sacias_fw-la et_fw-la qualiter_fw-la hoc_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la fuerit_fw-la execut_fw-la constare_fw-la facias_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o octab._n etc._n etc._n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n shall_v have_v restitution_n against_o he_o who_o recover_v of_o all_o the_o mean_a profit_n without_o any_o regard_n by_o they_o take_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n can_v have_v any_o remedy_n against_o any_o stranger_n but_o only_o against_o he_o who_o be_v party_n to_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o therefore_o the_o word_n of_o the_o say_a writ_n command_v the_o sheriff_n to_o inquire_v of_o the_o issue_n and_o profit_n general_o between_o the_o reversal_n and_o the_o judgement_n with_o all_o which_o he_o who_o recover_v shall_v be_v charge_v and_o as_o the_o law_n charge_v he_o with_o all_o the_o mean_a profit_n so_o the_o law_n give_v to_o he_o remedy_n notwithstanding_o the_o reversal_n against_o all_o trespassor_n in_o the_o interim_n for_o otherwise_o the_o law_n shall_v make_v a_o construction_n by_o relation_n to_o discharge_v they_o who_o be_v wrong_a doer_n and_o to_o charge_v he_o who_o recover_v with_o the_o whole_a who_o peradventure_o have_v good_a right_n and_o who_o enter_v by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o law_n which_o peradventure_o be_v reverse_v for_o want_n of_o form_n or_o negligence_n or_o ignorance_n of_o a_o clark_n and_o therefore_o as_o to_o that_o purpose_n the_o judgement_n shall_v not_o be_v reverse_v ab_fw-la initio_fw-la by_o a_o fiction_n of_o law_n but_o as_o the_o truth_n be_v the_o same_o stand_v in_o force_n until_o it_o be_v reverse_v and_o therefore_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n after_o the_o reversal_n shall_v have_v any_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o a_o trespass_n mean_a because_o he_o shall_v recover_v all_o the_o mean_a profit_n against_o he_o who_o recover_v nor_o he_o recover_v after_o shall_v be_v bar_v of_o his_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o a_o trespass_n mean_a by_o reason_n that_o his_o recovery_n be_v reverse_v because_o he_o shall_v answer_v for_o all_o the_o mean_a profit_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o therewith_o agree_v brian_n chief_a justice_n 4_o h._n 7._o 12._o a._n note_v reader_n if_o you_o will_v understand_v the_o true_a sense_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o law_n it_o be_v needful_a for_o you_o to_o know_v the_o true_a entry_n of_o judgement_n and_o the_o entry_n of_o all_o proceed_n in_o law_n and_o the_o manner_n and_o the_o matter_n of_o writ_n of_o execution_n of_o such_o judgement_n see_v butler_n and_o baker_n case_n in_o the_o three_o part_n of_o my_o report_n good_a matter_n concern_v relation_n so_o as_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n although_o that_o to_o some_o intent_n the_o reversal_n have_v relation_n yet_o to_o bar_v the_o wife_n of_o her_o dower_n by_o fiction_n of_o law_n by_o the_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n and_o five_o year_n pass_v after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n when_o in_o truth_n she_o have_v not_o cause_n of_o action_n nor_o any_o right_a or_o title_n so_o long_o as_o the_o attainder_n stand_v in_o force_n shall_v be_v to_o do_v wrong_n by_o a_o fiction_n of_o law_n and_o to_o bar_v the_o wife_n who_o be_v a_o mere_a stranger_n and_o who_o have_v not_o any_o mean_n to_o have_v any_o relief_n until_o the_o attainder_n be_v reverse_v and_o as_o unto_o the_o other_o point_n or_o objection_n that_o the_o demandant_n on_o the_o petition_n ought_v to_o have_v a_o office_n find_v for_o she_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o it_o need_v not_o in_o this_o case_n because_o that_o the_o title_n of_o dower_n stand_v with_o the_o queen_n title_n and_o affirm_v it_o otherwise_o if_o the_o title_n of_o the_o demandant_n in_o the_o petition_n have_v disaffirm_v the_o queen_n title_n also_o in_o this_o case_n the_o queen_n be_v not_o entitle_v by_o any_o office_n that_o the_o wife_n shall_v be_v drive_v to_o traverse_v it_o etc._n etc._n for_o then_o she_o ought_v to_o have_v have_v a_o office_n to_o find_v her_o title_n but_o in_o case_n of_o dower_n although_o that_o office_n have_v be_v find_v for_o the_o queen_n which_o do_v not_o disaffirm_v the_o title_n of_o dower_n in_o such_o case_n the_o wife_n shall_v have_v her_o petition_n without_o office_n because_o that_o dower_n be_v favour_a in_o law_n she_o claim_v but_o only_o for_o term_v of_o life_n and_o affirm_v the_o title_n of_o the_o queen_n see_v the_o saddler_n case_n in_o the_o four_o part_n of_o my_o report_n and_o the_o case_n which_o be_v put_v on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v utter_o deny_v by_o the_o court_n for_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o if_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n take_v a_o wife_n of_o eight_o year_n of_o age_n and_o alien_v his_o land_n and_o afterward_o the_o wife_n attain_v to_o the_o age_n of_o nine_o year_n and_o afterward_o the_o husband_n die_v that_o the_o wife_n shall_v be_v endow_v for_o although_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o alienation_n the_o wife_n be_v not_o dowable_a yet_o for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o marriage_n and_o seisin_n in_o fee_n be_v before_o the_o alienation_n and_o the_o title_n of_o dower_n be_v not_o consummate_v until_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n so_o as_o now_o there_o be_v marriage_n seisin_n of_o fee_n age_n of_o nine_o year_n during_o the_o coverture_n and_o the_o death_n of_o the_o husband_n for_o that_o cause_n she_o shall_v be_v endow_v for_o it_o be_v not_o requisite_a that_o the_o marriage_n seisin_n and_o age_n concur_v together_o all_o at_o one_o time_n but_o it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o they_o happen_v during_o the_o coverture_n so_o if_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n take_v a_o wife_n and_o afterward_o she_o elope_n from_o her_o husband_n now_o she_o be_v barrable_a of_o her_o dower_n if_o during_o the_o elopement_n the_o husband_n alien_v and_o after_o the_o wife_n be_v reconcile_v the_o wife_n shall_v be_v endow_v so_o if_o a_o man_n have_v issue_n by_o his_o wife_n and_o the_o issue_n die_v and_o afterward_o land_n descend_v to_o the_o wife_n or_o the_o wife_n purchase_v land_n in_o fee_n and_o die_v without_o any_o other_o issue_n the_o husband_n for_o the_o issue_n which_o he_o have_v before_o the_o descent_n or_o purchase_n shall_v be_v tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n for_o it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o he_o have_v issue_n and_o that_o the_o wife_n be_v seize_v during_o the_o coverture_n although_o that_o it_o be_v at_o several_a time_n but_o if_o a_o man_n take_v a_o alien_n to_o wife_n and_o afterward_o he_o alien_v his_o land_n and_o afterward_o she_o be_v make_v a_o denizen_n she_o shall_v not_o be_v endow_v for_o she_o be_v absolute_o disable_v by_o the_o law_n and_o by_o her_o birth_n not_o capable_a of_o dower_n but_o her_o capacity_n and_o ability_n begin_v only_o by_o her_o denization_n but_o in_o the_o other_o case_n there_o be_v not_o any_o incapacity_n or_o disability_n in_o the_o person_n but_o only_o a_o temporary_a bar_n until_o such_o age_n or_o reconcilement_n which_o be_v accomplish_v the_o temporary_a bar_n cease_v as_o if_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n take_v a_o wife_n and_o afterward_o the_o wife_n be_v attaint_v of_o felony_n and_o afterward_o the_o husband_n alien_v and_o afterward_o the_o wife_n be_v pardon_v and_o afterward_o the_o husband_n die_v the_o wife_n shall_v be_v endow_v for_o by_o her_o birth_n she_o be_v not_o uncapable_a but_o be_v lawful_o by_o her_o marriage_n and_o seisin_n in_o fee_n entitle_v to_o have_v dower_n and_o therefore_o when_o the_o impediment_n be_v remove_v she_o shall_v be_v endow_v viii_o trinit_fw-la 44_o eliz._n in_o the_o kings-bench_n sprat_n and_o heal_v case_n john_n sprat_n libel_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n against_o walter_n heal_n for_o covin_z tithe_n covin_z substraction_n of_o tithe_n the_o defendant_n in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n plead_v that_o he_o have_v divide_v the_o tithe_n from_o the_o nine_o part_n and_o then_o the_o plaintiff_n make_v addition_n to_o the_o libel_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o replication_n scil_n that_o the_o defendant_n divide_v the_o tithe_n from_o the_o nine_o part_n quoth_v predict_v the_o plaintiff_n non_fw-fr fatetur_fw-la sed_fw-la prorsus_fw-la diffitetur_fw-la yet_o present_o after_o this_o pretend_a division_n in_o fraudem_fw-la legis_fw-la he_o take_v and_o carry_v away_o the_o same_o tithe_n and_o convert_v they_o to_o his_o own_o use_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n thereupon_o obtain_v sentence_n in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n and_o to_o recover_v the_o treble_a value_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o e._n 6._o cap._n 13._o and_o thereupon_o heal_n make_v a_o

of_o they_o to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o for_o the_o term_n of_o his_o life_n and_o after_o to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o elder_a son_n and_o to_o such_o a_o woman_n which_o he_o shall_v marry_v and_o to_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o son_n and_o afterward_o the_o father_n die_v and_o after_o the_o son_n take_v a_o wife_n and_o die_v if_o the_o wife_n shall_v take_v a_o estate_n for_o life_n and_o the_o doubt_n be_v because_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o son_n be_v not_o within_o the_o consideration_n and_o the_o use_n be_v limit_v to_o one_o who_o be_v capable_a scil_n the_o son_n and_o to_o another_o who_o be_v not_o capable_a and_o therefore_o the_o son_n shall_v take_v a_o estate_n in_o tail_n execute_v but_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o say_v two_o chief_a justice_n and_o chief_a baron_n that_o the_o wife_n shall_v take_v well_o enough_o and_o as_o to_o the_o first_o reason_n they_o resolve_v that_o the_o wife_n be_v within_o the_o consideration_n for_o the_o consideration_n be_v for_o the_o advancement_n of_o his_o posterity_n and_o without_o a_o wife_n the_o son_n can_v have_v posterity_n also_o when_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o son_n be_v sure_a of_o a_o jointure_n the_o same_o be_v for_o the_o advancement_n of_o the_o son_n for_o thereby_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o better_a marriage_n and_o as_o to_o the_o second_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o son_n shall_v support_v the_o use_n to_o the_o defendant_n and_o when_o the_o contingent_a happen_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o son_n shall_v be_v change_v according_a to_o the_o limitation_n scil_n to_o the_o son_n and_o the_o woman_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o son_n and_o so_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n by_o popham_n chief_a justice_n and_o the_o whole_a court_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n eliz._n in_o sheffields_n case_n for_o both_o point_n xviii_o trinit_fw-la 7_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n sparies_n case_n john_n spary_n seize_v in_o fee_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n of_o land_n hold_v of_o the_o crown_n by_o knight_n service_n have_v issue_n by_o she_o and_o 22_o decemb._n anno_fw-la 9_o eliz._n alien_v to_o edward_n lord_n stafford_n the_o wife_n die_v the_o issue_n of_o full_a age_n the_o land_n continue_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o alienee_n or_o his_o assign_v and_o ten_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o father_n and_o twelve_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o mother_n office_n be_v find_v 7_o jacobi_n find_v all_o the_o special_a matter_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o mother_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o mean_a profit_n be_v to_o be_v answer_v to_o the_o king_n and_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o say_v two_o chief_a justice_n and_o the_o chief_a baron_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o have_v the_o mean_a profit_n because_o that_o the_o alienee_n be_v in_o by_o title_n and_o until_o entry_n the_o heir_n have_v no_o remedy_n for_o the_o mean_a profit_n but_o that_o the_o king_n may_v seize_v and_o make_v livery_n because_o that_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o heir_n be_v lawful_a by_o the_o statute_n of_o 32_o h._n 8._o xix_o trinit_fw-la 7_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n it_o be_v find_v by_o force_n of_o a_o mandamus_fw-la at_o kendal_n in_o the_o county_n of_o westmoreland_n the_o 21_o of_o december_n 6_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la that_o george_n earl_n of_o cumberland_n long_o before_o his_o death_n be_v seize_v in_o tail_n to_o he_o and_o to_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o manor_n of_o browham_n appleby_n etc._n etc._n the_o remainder_n to_o sir_n ingram_n clifford_n with_o divers_a remainder_n over_o in_o tail_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o henry_n earl_n of_o cumberland_n father_n of_o the_o say_v george_n and_o that_o the_o say_v george_n earl_n so_o seize_v by_o fine_a and_o recovery_n convey_v they_o to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o margaret_n his_o wife_n for_o their_o life_n for_o the_o jointure_n of_o the_o say_v margaret_n and_o afterward_o to_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o body_n of_o george_n earl_n of_o cumberland_n and_o for_o want_v of_o such_o issue_n to_o the_o use_n of_o francis_n now_o earl_n of_o cumberland_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n beget_v and_o for_o want_v of_o such_o issue_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o say_v george_n and_o afterward_o by_o another_o indenture_n convey_v the_o fee-simple_n to_o francis_n earl_n by_o force_n of_o which_o and_o of_o the_o statute_n of_o use_n they_o be_v seize_v according_o and_o afterward_o 30_o octob._n anno_fw-la 3_o jacobi_n the_o say_a george_n earl_n of_o cumberland_n die_v without_o heir_n male_a of_o his_o body_n lawful_o beget_v and_o further_o find_v that_o margaret_n countess_z of_o cumberland_n that_o now_o be_v be_v alive_a and_o take_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o premise_n from_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v george_n earl_n of_o cumberland_n until_o the_o take_n of_o that_o inquisition_n and_o further_o find_v the_o other_o point_n of_o the_o writ_n and_o first_o it_o be_v object_v that_o here_o be_v no_o die_v seize_v find_v by_o office_n and_o therefore_o the_o office_n shall_v be_v insufficient_a but_o as_o to_o that_o it_o be_v answerod_v and_o resolve_v that_o by_o this_o office_n the_o king_n be_v not_o entitle_v by_o the_o common_a law_n for_o then_o a_o die_v seize_v or_o at_o first_o a_o die_a the_o day_n of_o his_o death_n be_v necessary_a but_o this_o office_n be_v to_o be_v maintain_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 32_o and_o 34_o h._n 8._o by_o force_n of_o which_o no_o die_a seize_v be_v requisite_a but_o rather_o the_o contrary_a scil_n if_o the_o land_n be_v as_o this_o case_n be_v convey_v to_o the_o wife_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o vincents_n case_n anno_fw-la 23_o eliz._n where_o all_o the_o land_n hold_v in_o capite_fw-la be_v convey_v to_o the_o young_a son_n and_o yet_o the_o elder_a son_n be_v in_o ward_n notwithstanding_o that_o nothing_o descend_v the_o second_o objection_n be_v it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o wife_n continue_v in_o she_o until_o the_o death_n of_o the_o earl_n for_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n have_v alien_v the_o same_o to_o another_o and_o then_o no_o primer_n seisin_n shall_v be_v as_o it_o be_v agree_v in_o binghams_n case_n as_o to_o that_o it_o be_v answer_v and_o resolve_v that_o the_o office_n be_v sufficient_a prima_fw-la fancy_n for_o the_o king_n because_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n collateral_a and_o no_o point_n of_o the_o writ_n and_o if_o any_o such_o alienation_n be_v which_o shall_v not_o be_v intend_v then_o the_o same_o shall_v come_v in_o of_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o alienee_n by_o a_o monstrans_fw-la de_fw-fr droit_fw-fr and_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n be_v a_o strong_a case_n because_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o say_a countess_n take_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o premise_n from_o the_o death_n of_o george_n the_o earl_n until_o the_o find_n of_o the_o office_n xx._n trinity_n term_n 7_o jacobi_n in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n will_n case_n henry_n will_n be_v seize_v of_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o wryland_n in_o the_o county_n of_o devon_n hold_v of_o queen_n elizabeth_n in_o socage-tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la of_o the_o say_v four_o part_v enfeoff_v zachary_n irish_a and_o other_o and_o their_o heir_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o say_v henry_n for_o the_o term_n of_o his_o life_n and_o afterward_o to_o the_o use_n of_o thomas_n will_v his_o second_o son_n in_o tail_n and_o afterward_o to_o the_o use_n of_o richard_n will_v his_o young_a son_n in_o tail_n and_o for_o default_n of_o such_o issue_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o say_v henry_n and_o afterward_o the_o say_a henry_n so_o seize_v as_o abovesaid_a dye_v thereof_o seize_v william_n will_n be_v his_o son_n and_o heir_n of_o full_a age_n thomas_n the_o second_o son_n enter_v as_o into_o his_o remainder_n all_o this_o matter_n be_v find_v by_o office_n and_o the_o question_n be_v if_o the_o king_n ought_v to_o have_v primer_n seisin_n in_o this_o case_n and_o that_o livery_n or_o ouster_n le_fw-fr main_fw-fr shall_v be_v sue_v in_o this_o case_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 32_o and_o 34_o h._n 8._o and_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o two_o chief_a justice_n and_o the_o chief_a baron_n that_o not_o if_o in_o this_o case_n by_o the_o common_a law_n no_o livery_n or_o ouster_n le_fw-fr main_fw-fr shall_v be_v sue_v and_o that_o be_v agree_v by_o they_o all_o by_o the_o experience_n and_o course_n of_o the_o

his_o deed_n indent_v date_a the_o 22_o of_o december_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o king_n james_n make_v between_o he_o of_o the_o one_o part_n and_o the_o say_v john_n samme_n and_o george_n samme_n son_n and_o heir_n apparent_a of_o the_o say_v john_n of_o the_o other_o part_n do_v bargain_n sell_v grant_v enfeoff_v release_n and_o confirm_v unto_o the_o say_v john_n samme_n the_o say_a mead_n call_v grany_n mead_n to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v the_o say_a mead_n unto_o the_o say_v john_n samme_n and_o george_n samme_n and_o their_o heir_n and_o assign_v to_o the_o only_a use_n and_o behoof_n of_o the_o say_v john_n samme_n and_o george_n samme_n their_o heir_n and_o assign_v for_o ever_o and_o by_o the_o same_o indenture_n sir_n thomas_n do_v covenant_n with_o john_n and_o george_n to_o make_v further_a assurance_n to_o john_n and_o george_n and_o their_o heir_n to_o the_o use_n of_o they_o and_o their_o heir_n and_o livery_n and_o seisin_n be_v make_v and_o deliver_v according_a to_o the_o true_a intent_n of_o the_o say_a indenture_n of_o the_o within_o mention_v premise_n to_o the_o use_v within_o mention_v john_n samme_n the_o father_n die_v george_n samme_n his_o son_n and_o heir_n be_v within_o age_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o george_n samme_n shall_v be_v in_o ward_n to_o the_o king_n or_o no_o and_o in_o this_o case_n three_o point_n be_v resolve_v 1._o for_o as_o much_o as_o george_n be_v not_o name_v in_o the_o premise_n he_o can_v take_v by_o the_o habendum_fw-la and_o the_o livery_n make_v according_a to_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o indenture_n do_v not_o give_v any_o thing_n to_o george_n because_o the_o indenture_n as_o to_o he_o be_v void_a but_o although_o the_o feoffment_n be_v good_a only_o to_o john_n and_o his_o heir_n yet_o the_o use_n limit_v to_o the_o use_n of_o john_n and_o george_n and_o their_o heir_n be_v good_a 2._o if_o the_o estate_n have_v be_v convey_v to_o john_n and_o his_o heir_n by_o the_o release_n or_o confirmation_n as_o it_o well_o may_v be_v to_o a_o tenant_n by_o copy_n of_o court_n roll_n the_o use_n limit_v to_o they_o be_v good_a for_o upon_o a_o release_n which_o create_v a_o estate_n a_o use_n may_v be_v limit_v or_o a_o rent_n reserve_v without_o question_n but_o upon_o a_o release_n or_o confirmation_n which_o enure_n by_o way_n of_o mitter_n le_fw-fr droit_fw-fr a_o use_n can_v be_v limit_v or_o a_o rent_n reserve_v but_o the_o three_o be_v of_o great_a doubt_n if_o in_o this_o case_n the_o father_n and_o son_n be_v joynt-tenant_n or_o tenant_n in_o common_a for_o it_o be_v object_v when_o the_o father_n be_v only_o enfeoff_v to_o the_o only_a use_n of_o he_o and_o his_o son_n and_o their_o heir_n in_o the_o per_fw-la that_o in_o this_o case_n they_o shall_v be_v tenant_n in_o common_a by_o the_o feoffment_n the_o father_n be_v in_o by_o the_o common_a law_n in_o the_o per_fw-la and_o then_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o use_n to_o he_o and_o his_o son_n and_o to_o their_o heir_n can_v divest_v the_o estate_n which_o be_v vest_v in_o he_o by_o the_o common_a law_n out_o of_o he_o and_o vest_n the_o estate_n in_o he_o in_o the_o post_n by_o force_n of_o the_o statute_n according_a to_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o use_n and_o therefore_o as_o to_o one_o moiety_n the_o father_n shall_v be_v in_o by_o force_n of_o the_o feoffment_n in_o the_o per_fw-la and_o the_o son_n as_o to_o the_o other_o moiety_n shall_v be_v in_o by_o force_n of_o the_o statute_n according_a to_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o use_n in_o the_o post_n and_o by_o consequence_n they_o shall_v be_v tenant_n in_o common_a but_o it_o be_v answer_v and_o resolve_v that_o they_o be_v joynt-tenant_n and_o that_o the_o son_n in_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n shall_v have_v the_o say_a grange_n by_o the_o survivor_n for_o if_o at_o the_o common_a law_n a._n have_v be_v enfeoff_v to_o the_o use_n of_o he_o and_o b._n and_o their_o heir_n although_o that_o he_o be_v only_o seize_v of_o the_o land_n the_o use_n be_v joint_o to_o a._n and_o b._n for_o a_o use_n shall_v not_o be_v suspend_v or_o extinct_a by_o a_o sole_a seisin_n or_o joint_a seisin_n of_o the_o land_n and_o therefore_o if_o a._n and_o b._n be_v enfeoff_v to_o the_o use_n of_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n and_o a._n die_v the_o entire_a use_n shall_v descend_v to_o his_o heir_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o 13_o h._n 7._o 6._o in_o stoner_n case_n and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o cap._n 10._o of_o use_v it_o appear_v that_o when_o several_a person_n be_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o any_o of_o they_o that_o the_o estate_n shall_v be_v execute_v according_a to_o the_o use_n and_o as_o to_o that_o which_o be_v say_v that_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o land_n which_o the_o father_n have_v in_o the_o land_n as_o to_o the_o moyetyof_o the_o use_n which_o he_o himself_o have_v shall_v not_o be_v devest_v out_o of_o he_o to_o that_o it_o be_v answer_v and_o resolve_v that_o that_o shall_v well_o be_v for_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n to_o one_o to_o though_o use_n of_o he_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n in_o this_o case_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o issue_n the_o statute_n according_a to_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o use_n deve_v the_o estate_n vest_v in_o he_o by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o execute_v the_o same_o in_o himself_o by_o force_n of_o the_o statute_n and_o yet_o the_o same_o be_v out_o of_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o which_o be_v where_o any_o person_n etc._n etc._n stand_v or_o be_v scise_v etc._n etc._n to_o the_o use_n of_o any_o other_o person_n and_o here_o he_o be_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o the_o other_o clause_n be_v where_o divers_a and_o many_o person_n etc._n etc._n be_v joint_o seize_v etc._n etc._n to_o the_o use_n of_o any_o of_o they_o etc._n etc._n and_o in_o this_o case_n a._n be_v sole_a seize_v but_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o have_v be_v always_o beneficial_o expound_v to_o satisfy_v the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n which_o be_v the_o direction_n of_o the_o use_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o law_n so_o if_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee-simple_n by_o deed_n covenant_n with_o another_o that_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n will_v stand_v seize_v of_o the_o same_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n or_o unto_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o for_o life_n the_o remainder_n over_o in_o fee_n in_o that_o case_n by_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o statute_n the_o estate_n which_o he_o have_v at_o the_o common_a law_n be_v devest_v and_o a_o new_a estate_n vest_v in_o himself_o according_a to_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o use_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v know_v that_o a_o use_n of_o land_n which_o be_v but_o a_o pernency_n of_o the_o profit_n be_v no_o new_a thing_n but_o part_n of_o that_o which_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o land_n have_v and_o therefore_o if_o tenant_n in_o borrough-english_a or_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o the_o part_n of_o his_o mother_n make_v a_o feoffment_n to_o another_o without_o consideration_n the_o young_a son_n in_o the_o one_o case_n and_o the_o heir_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o mother_n on_o the_o other_o shall_v have_v the_o use_n as_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o land_n itself_o if_o no_o feoffment_n have_v be_v make_v as_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o 5_o e._n 4._o 7._o see_v 4_o and_o 5_o phil._n and_o mar._n dyer_n 163._o so_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o feoffment_n unto_o the_o use_n of_o another_o in_o tail_n and_o afterward_o to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o right_a heir_n the_o feoffor_a have_v the_o reversion_n of_o the_o land_n in_o he_o for_o if_o the_o donee_n die_v without_o isse_fw-la the_o law_n give_v the_o use_n which_o be_v part_n of_o the_o land_n to_o he_o and_o so_o it_o be_v resolve_v trinity_n 31_o eliz._n between_o fenwick_n and_o milford_n in_o the_o kings-bench_n so_o in_o 28_o h._n 8._o dyer_n 11._o the_o lord_n ross_v case_n a_o man_n seize_v of_o one_o acre_n by_o priority_n and_o of_o another_o acre_n by_o posteriority_n and_o make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n of_o both_o to_o his_o use_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o although_o both_o pass_n at_o one_o instant_a yet_o the_o law_n shall_v make_v a_o priority_n of_o the_o use_n as_o if_o it_o be_v of_o the_o land_n itself_o which_o prove_v that_o the_o use_n be_v not_o any_o new_a thing_n for_o then_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o priority_n in_o the_o case_n see_v 13_o h._n 7._o b._n by_o butler_n so_o in_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n the_o use_n limit_v to_o

curia_fw-la nostra_fw-la &_o non_fw-la alibi_fw-la tractari_fw-la sicut_fw-la predict_v est_fw-la cedere_fw-la poterit_fw-la attentetis_fw-la sive_fw-la attentim_fw-la faciatis_fw-la quovismodo_fw-la by_o which_o also_o it_o appear_v that_o tithe_n may_v be_v discharge_v and_o that_o the_o matter_n of_o discharge_n ought_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o not_o in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o in_o the_o say_a judgement_n nor_o in_o the_o register_n any_o averment_n be_v take_v of_o the_o value_n of_o the_o thing_n give_v in_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o tithe_n also_o by_o the_o act_n of_o circumspect_a agatis_fw-la make_v 13_o e._n 1._o it_o be_v say_v s._n rector_n petat_fw-la versus_fw-la parochianos_fw-la oblationes_fw-la &_o decimas_fw-la debitas_fw-la seu_fw-la consuetas_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v tithe_n due_a in_o kind_n and_o other_o tithe_n due_a by_o custom_n as_o a_o modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o yet_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o 19_o e._n 3._o jurisdiction_n 28._o that_o the_o ordinance_n of_o circumspect_a agatis_fw-la be_v not_o a_o statute_n and_o that_o the_o prelate_n make_v the_o same_o and_o yet_o then_o the_o prelate_n acknowledge_v that_o there_o be_v tithe_n due_a by_o custom_n which_o be_v a_o modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la by_o which_o it_o appear_v also_o that_o tithe_n by_o custom_n may_v be_v alter_v into_o another_o thing_n so_o where_o a_o man_n grant_v a_o parcel_n of_o his_o manor_n to_o a_o parson_n in_o fee_n to_o be_v quit_v of_o tithe_n and_o make_v a_o indenture_n and_o the_o parson_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o ordinary_a without_o the_o patron_n grant_v to_o he_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v quit_v of_o tithe_n of_o his_o manor_n for_o that_o parcel_n of_o land_n afterward_o if_o he_o or_o his_o assignee_n be_v sue_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n for_o tithe_n of_o his_o manor_n he_o or_o his_o assignee_n shall_v have_v a_o prohibition_n upon_o that_o deed._n and_o if_o that_o deed_n be_v make_v before_o time_n of_o memory_n and_o he_o have_v so_o continue_v to_o be_v quit_v of_o tithe_n he_o shall_v have_v a_o prohibition_n upon_o that_o deed_n if_o he_o be_v sue_v for_o the_o tithe_n of_o that_o manor_n or_o of_o any_o parcel_n of_o the_o same_o upon_o that_o matter_n show_v see_v 8_o e._n 4._o 14._o f._n n._n b._n 41._o g._n vi_o 3._o e._n 3._o 17._o 16_o e._n 3._o t._n annuity_n 24._o 40_o e._n 3._o 3._o b._n and_o f._n n._n b._n 152._o and_o therefore_o if_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n have_v always_o hold_v his_o manor_n discharge_v of_o tithe_n and_o the_o parson_n have_v before_o time_n of_o memory_n or_o in_o ancient_a time_n divers_a land_n in_o the_o same_o parish_n of_o the_o gift_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o which_o the_o parson_n be_v seize_v at_o this_o day_n in_o fee_n in_o respect_n of_o which_o the_o parson_n nor_o any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n ever_o have_v receive_v any_o tithe_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n if_o the_o parson_n now_o sue_v for_o tithe_n of_o the_o manor_n the_o owner_n of_o the_o manor_n may_v show_v that_o special_a matter_n and_o that_o the_o parson_n and_o his_o successor_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v hold_v those_o land_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o gift_n of_o one_o who_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n in_o full_a satisfaction_n of_o the_o tithe_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o the_o proof_n that_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n give_v the_o land_n that_o tithe_n shall_v never_o be_v pay_v at_o this_o day_n be_v good_a evidence_n to_o prove_v the_o surmise_n of_o the_o prohibition_n and_o so_o of_o the_o like_a and_o 19_o e._n 3._o t._n jurisdiction_n 28._o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o title_n of_o prescription_n shall_v be_v determine_v in_o the_o king_n court_n and_o therefore_o a_o modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la which_o accru_v by_o custom_n and_o prescription_n in_o the_o king_n court_n and_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 6_o h._n 4._o cap._n 6._o that_o the_o pope_n by_o his_o bull_n discharge_v divers_a from_o payment_n of_o tithe_n against_o which_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v make_v and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 31_o h._n 8._o cap._n 13._o that_o the_o possession_n of_o religious_a person_n give_v to_o the_o king_n be_v discharge_v of_o payment_n of_o tithe_n in_o certain_a case_n and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 32_o h._n 8._o cap._n 7._o it_o be_v provide_v that_o all_o and_o singular_a person_n shall_v divide_v set_v out_o yield_v and_o pay_v all_o and_o singular_a tithe_n and_o offering_n aforesaid_a according_a to_o the_o lawful_a custom_n and_o usage_n of_o the_o parish_n and_o place_n where_o such_o tithe_n or_o duty_n shall_v come_v or_o immediate_o arise_v or_o be_v due_a provide_v always_o and_o be_v it_o enact_v that_o no_o person_n or_o person_n shall_v be_v sue_v or_o otherwise_o compel_v to_o pay_v any_o manner_n of_o tithe_n for_o any_o manor_n land_n tenement_n or_o hereditament_n which_o by_o the_o law_n or_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n be_v discharge_v or_o not_o chargeable_a with_o the_o payment_n of_o any_o such_o tithe_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o e._n 6._o cap._n 13._o enact_n that_o every_o of_o the_o king_n subject_n shall_v from_o henceforth_o justify_v and_o true_o without_o fraud_n or_o guile_n divide_v set_v out_o etc._n etc._n all_o manner_n of_o their_o prediall_a tithe_n in_o their_o proper_a kind_n as_o they_o will_v rise_v and_o happen_v in_o such_o manner_n and_o form_n as_o have_v be_v of_o right_n yield_v and_o pay_v within_o forty_o year_n next_o before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o act_n or_o of_o right_n or_o custom_n ought_v to_o be_v pay_v so_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o this_o that_o tithe_n be_v due_a of_o right_n and_o by_o custom_n and_o also_o in_o the_o same_o act_n there_o be_v a_o proviso_n in_o these_o word_n provide_v always_o and_o be_v it_o enact_v that_o no_o person_n shall_v be_v sue_v or_o otherwise_o compel_v to_o yield_v give_v or_o pay_v any_o manner_n of_o tithe_n for_o any_o manor_n land_n tenement_n or_o hereditament_n which_o by_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n or_o by_o any_o privilege_n or_o prescription_n be_v not_o chargeable_a with_o the_o payment_n of_o any_o such_o tithe_n or_o that_o he_o discharge_v by_o any_o composition_n real_a so_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o that_o act_n that_o one_o may_v be_v discharge_v from_o the_o payment_n of_o tithe_n five_o manner_n of_o way_n 1._o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n that_o be_v the_o common_a law_n as_o tithe_n shall_v not_o be_v pay_v of_o coal_n quarry_n brick_n tile_n etc._n etc._n f._n n._n b_o 53._o and_o register_n 54_o nor_n of_o the_o after_o pasture_n of_o a_o meadow_n etc._n etc._n nor_o of_o raking_n nor_o of_o wood_n to_o make_v pale_n or_o mound_n or_o hedge_n etc._n etc._n 2._o by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 31_o h._n 8._o cap._n 13._o the_o statute_n of_o 45_o e._n 3._o etc._n etc._n 3._o by_o privilege_n as_o those_o of_o s._n john_n of_o jerusalem_n in_o england_n the_o cistertian_n temptor_n etc._n etc._n as_o it_o appear_v by_o 10_o h._n 7._o 277._o dyer_n 4._o by_o prescription_n as_o by_o modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la or_o a_o annual_a recompense_n in_o satisfaction_n of_o they_o as_o appeareth_z before_o by_o the_o authority_n aforesaid_a 5._o by_o real_a composition_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o say_v write_v cite_v out_o of_o the_o register_n and_o so_o you_o have_v one_o or_o two_o example_n for_o many_o other_o which_o may_v be_v add_v of_o these_o five_o manner_n of_o discharge_v of_o tithe_n and_o by_o they_o all_o it_o appear_v that_o a_o man_n may_v be_v discharge_v of_o the_o payment_n of_o tithe_n as_o before_o be_v say_v so_o as_o now_o it_o apparent_o appear_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a that_o a_o layman_n ought_v prescribe_v in_o modo_fw-la decimandi_fw-la but_o not_o in_o non_fw-la decimando_fw-la and_o that_o in_o effect_n agree_v with_o the_o opinion_n of_o thomas_n aquinas_n in_o his_o secunda_fw-la secundae_fw-la quaest_n 86._o be_v ultimo_fw-la for_o there_o he_o say_v quod_fw-la in_o veteri_fw-la lege_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la de_fw-la solutione_n decimarum_fw-la partim_fw-la erat_fw-la morali_fw-la inditum_fw-la ratione_fw-la naturali_fw-la quae_fw-la dictat_fw-la quod_fw-la iis_fw-la qui_fw-la divino_fw-la cultui_fw-la ministrant_fw-la ad_fw-la salutem_fw-la totius_fw-la populi_fw-la necessaria_fw-la victui_fw-la debent_fw-la ministr_n juxta_fw-la illud_fw-la 1_o cor._n 9_o quis_fw-la militat_fw-la etc._n etc._n who_o go_v to_o war_n at_o his_o own_o charge_n etc._n etc._n partim_fw-la autem_fw-la erat_fw-la judiciale_a ex_fw-la divina_fw-la institutione_n robur_fw-la habens_fw-la scil_n quantum_fw-la ad_fw-la determinationem_fw-la certae_fw-la partis_fw-la and_o all_o that_o

not_o of_o tithe_n sever_v from_o the_o nine_o part_n for_o that_o shall_v be_v in_o case_n of_o a_o praemunire_n and_o it_o appear_v to_o the_o common_a law_n see_v 16_o h._n 2._o in_o the_o case_n of_o mortuary_n vide_fw-la decretalia_fw-la sexti_fw-la lib._n 3._o tit_n de_fw-fr decimis_fw-la cap._n 1._o foe_n 130._o col._n 4._o et_fw-la summa_fw-la angelica_n foe_n 72._o the_o same_o and_o that_o also_o appear_v by_o linwood_n among_o the_o constitution_n simonis_n mephum_fw-la do_fw-mi de_fw-fr decimis_fw-la cap._n quoniam_fw-la propter_fw-la foe_fw-mi 139._o 6._o verbo_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la ut_fw-la non_fw-la solvantur_fw-la aut_fw-la minus_fw-la plene_fw-la solvantur_fw-la decimae_fw-la non_fw-la valet_fw-la and_o ibidem_fw-la secundum_fw-la alios_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o decimis_fw-la realibus_fw-la non_fw-la valet_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la ut_fw-la solvatur_fw-la minus_fw-la decima_fw-la parte_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o personalibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o ibidem_fw-la litt._n m._n verbo_fw-la integre_n faciunt_fw-la express_v contra_fw-la opinionem_fw-la quorundum_fw-la theologorum_fw-la qui_fw-la dicunt_fw-la sufficere_fw-la aliquid_fw-la dari_fw-la pro_fw-la decima_fw-la and_o that_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n in_o both_o the_o say_a case_n scil_n de_fw-fr modo_fw-la decimandi_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr limitibus_fw-la parochiorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o they_o will_v not_o adjudge_v according_a to_o their_o canon_n and_o therefore_o a_o prohibition_n lie_v and_o therewith_o agree_v 8_o e._n 4._o 14._o and_o the_o other_o boÃ³k_v abovesaid_a and_o infinite_a precedent_n and_o the_o rather_o after_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o e._n 6._o cap._n 13._o and_o also_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v part_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o therefore_o they_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o common_a law_n as_o be_v aforesaid_a see_v 7_o e._n 6._o dyer_n 79._o and_o 18_o eliz._n dyer_n 349._o the_o opinion_n of_o all_o the_o justice_n vi_o mich._n 6_o jacob._n in_o the_o exchequer_n baron_n and_o boys_n case_n in_o the_o case_n between_o baron_n and_o boy_n in_o a_o information_n upon_o the_o engrosser_n sur_fw-fr stat._n 2_o e._n 6._o cap._n 14._o of_o engrosser_n statute_n of_o 5_o e._n 6._o cap._n 14._o of_o engrosser_n after_o verdict_n it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o informer_n that_o the_o defendant_n have_v ingross_v apple_n against_o the_o say_a act_n the_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n hold_v clear_o that_o apple_n be_v not_o within_o the_o say_a act_n and_o give_v judgement_n against_o the_o informer_n upon_o the_o matter_n apparent_a to_o they_o and_o cause_v the_o same_o to_o be_v enter_v in_o the_o margin_n of_o the_o record_n where_o the_o judgement_n be_v give_v and_o the_o informer_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n and_o the_o only_a question_n be_v whether_o apple_n be_v within_o the_o say_a act_n the_o letter_n of_o which_o be_v that_o whatsoever_o person_n or_o person_n etc._n etc._n shall_v engross_v or_o get_v into_o he_o or_o their_o hand_n by_o buy_v contract_a or_o promise_n take_v other_o then_o by_o demise_n grant_v or_o lease_n of_o land_n or_o tithe_n any_o corn_n grow_v in_o the_o field_n or_o any_o other_o corn_n or_o grain_n butter_n cheese_n fish_n or_o other_o dead_a victual_n within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n to_o the_o intent_n to_o sell_v the_o same_o again_o shall_v be_v accept_v etc._n etc._n a_o unlawful_a engrosser_n and_o although_o that_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o e._n 6._o cap._n 15._o make_v against_o seller_n of_o victual_n which_o for_o their_o great_a gain_n conspire_v etc._n etc._n number_v butcher_n brewer_n baker_n cook_n costermonger_n and_o fruterer_n as_o victualler_n yet_o apple_n be_v not_o dead_a victual_n within_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o e._n 6._o for_o the_o buyer_n and_o seller_n of_o corn_n and_o other_o victual_n have_v divers_a prouiso_n and_o qualification_n for_o they_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o say_a act_n but_o costermonger_n and_o fruterer_n have_v not_o any_o proviso_n for_o they_o also_o always_o after_o the_o say_a act_n they_o have_v buy_v apple_n and_o other_o fruit_n by_o engross_v and_o sell_v they_o again_o and_o before_o this_o time_n no_o information_n be_v exhibit_v for_o they_o no_o more_o then_o for_o plum_n or_o other_o fruit_n which_o serve_v more_o for_o delicacy_n then_o for_o necessary_a food_n but_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o e._n 6._o be_v to_o be_v intend_v of_o thing_n necessary_a and_o of_o common_a use_n for_o the_o sustenance_n of_o man_n and_o therefore_o the_o word_n be_v corn_n grain_n butter_n cheese_n or_o other_o dead_a victual_n which_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o victual_v of_o like_a quality_n that_o be_v of_o like_a necessary_a and_o common_a use_n but_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o e._n 6._o cap._n 15._o make_v against_o conspiracy_n to_o enhance_v the_o price_n be_v do_v and_o make_v by_o express_a word_n to_o extend_v it_o to_o thing_n which_o be_v more_o of_o pleasure_n then_o of_o profit_n so_o it_o be_v say_v that_o of_o those_o fruit_n a_o man_n can_v be_v a_o forestall_a within_o this_o act_n of_o 5_o e._n 6._o for_o in_o the_o same_o branch_n the_o word_n be_v any_o merchandise_n victual_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n but_o this_o be_v not_o resolve_v by_o the_o justice_n because_o that_o the_o information_n be_v conceive_v upon_o that_o branch_n of_o the_o statute_n concern_v engrosser_n vii_o hill_n 27_o eliz._n in_o the_o chancery_n hillary_n term_n the_o 27_o of_o eliz._n in_o the_o chancery_n the_o case_n be_v thus_o one_o ninian_n menvil_n seize_v of_o certain_a land_n in_o fee_n take_v a_o wife_n relation_n fine_a dower_n relation_n and_o levy_v a_o fine_a of_o the_o say_a land_n with_o proclamation_n and_o afterward_o be_v indict_v and_o outlawed_a of_o high_a treason_n and_o die_v the_o conusee_v convey_v the_o land_n to_o the_o queen_n who_o be_v now_o seize_v the_o five_o year_n pass_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o husband_n the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o say_v ninian_n in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n reverse_v the_o say_a attainder_n m._n 26_o and_o 27_o eliz._n last_o past_o and_o thereupon_o the_o wife_n sue_v to_o the_o queen_n who_o be_v seize_v of_o the_o say_a land_n as_o aforesaid_a by_o petition_n contain_v all_o the_o special_a matter_n scil_n the_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n and_o the_o five_o year_n pass_v after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n the_o attainder_n and_o the_o reversal_a of_o it_o and_o her_o own_o title_n scil_n her_o marriage_n and_o the_o seisin_n of_o her_o husband_n before_o the_o fine_a and_o the_o petition_n be_v endorse_v by_o the_o queen_n fiat_n droit_fw-fr aux_fw-fr party_n etc._n etc._n the_o same_o be_v send_v into_o the_o chancery_n as_o the_o manner_n be_v and_o in_o this_o case_n divers_a objection_n be_v make_v against_o the_o demandant_n 1._o that_o the_o say_v fine_a with_o proclamation_n shall_v bar_v the_o wife_n of_o her_o dower_n and_o the_o attainder_n of_o her_o husband_n shall_v not_o help_v she_o for_o as_o long_o as_o the_o attainder_n do_v remain_v in_o force_n the_o same_o be_v a_o bar_n also_o of_o her_o dower_n so_o as_o there_o be_v a_o double_a bar_n to_o the_o wife_n viz._n the_o fine_a levy_v with_o proclamation_n and_o the_o five_o year_n pass_v after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n and_o the_o attainder_n of_o her_o husband_n of_o his_o treason_n but_o admit_v that_o the_o attainder_n of_o the_o husband_n shall_v avail_v the_o wife_n in_o some_o manner_n when_o the_o same_o be_v now_o reverse_v in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o now_o upon_o the_o matter_n be_v in_o judgement_n of_o law_n as_o if_o no_o attainder_n have_v be_v and_o against_o that_o a_o man_n may_v plead_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o record_n because_o that_o the_o first_o record_n be_v reverse_v and_o utter_o disaffirm_v and_o annihilate_v and_o now_o by_o relation_n make_v no_o record_n ab_fw-la initio_fw-la and_o therewith_o agree_v the_o book_n of_o 4_o h._n 7._o 11._o for_o the_o word_n of_o the_o judgement_n in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v quod_fw-la judicium_fw-la predict_v &_o errores_fw-la predict_v &_o alios_fw-la in_o recordo_fw-la etc._n etc._n revocetur_fw-la &_o admittetur_fw-la etc._n etc._n &_o quod_fw-la ipsa_fw-la ad_fw-la possessionem_fw-la svam_fw-la sive_fw-la seisinam_fw-la svam_fw-la as_o the_o case_n require_v tenementorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la praedictorum_fw-la una_fw-la cum_fw-la exitibus_fw-la &_o proficuis_fw-la inde_fw-la a_o tempore_fw-la judicii_fw-la predict_v reddit_fw-la precept_n &_o ad_fw-la omne_fw-la quae_fw-la occasione_n judicii_fw-la illius_fw-la omisit_fw-la restituatur_fw-la by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o first_o judgement_n which_o be_v original_o imperfect_a and_o erroneous_a be_v for_o the_o same_o error_n now_o adnul_v and_o revoke_v ab_fw-la initio_fw-la and_o the_o party_n against_o who_o the_o judgement_n be_v give_v restore_v to_o his_o possession_n and_o to_o

all_o the_o mean_a profit_n from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o erroneous_a judgement_n give_v until_o the_o judgement_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n so_o as_o the_o reversal_n have_v a_o retrospect_n to_o the_o first_o judgement_n as_o if_o no_o judgement_n have_v be_v give_v and_o therefore_o the_o case_n in_o 4_o h._n 7._o 10._o b._n the_o case_n be_v a._n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n be_v attaint_v of_o high_a treason_n and_o the_o king_n grant_v the_o land_n to_o b._n and_o afterward_o a._n commit_v trespass_n upon_o the_o land_n and_o afterward_o by_o parliament_n a._n be_v restore_v and_o the_o attainder_n make_v void_a as_o if_o no_o act_n have_v be_v and_o shall_v be_v as_o available_a and_o ample_a to_o a._n as_o if_o no_o attainder_n have_v be_v and_o afterward_o b._n bring_v trespass_n for_o the_o trespass_n mesue_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v in_o 10_o h._n 7._o foe_n 22._o b._n that_o the_o action_n of_o trespass_n be_v not_o maintainable_a because_o that_o the_o attainder_n be_v disaffirm_v and_o annul_v ab_fw-la initio_fw-la and_o in_o 4_o h._n 7._o 10._o it_o be_v hold_v that_o after_o a_o judgement_n reverse_v in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n he_o who_o recover_v the_o land_n by_o erroneous_a judgement_n shall_v not_o have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o a_o trespass_n mean_a which_o be_v say_v be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o principal_a case_n in_o 4_o h._n 7._o 10._o and_o divers_a other_o case_n be_v put_v upon_o the_o same_o ground_n it_o be_v second_o object_v that_o the_o wife_n can_v not_o have_v a_o petition_n because_o there_o be_v not_o any_o office_n by_o which_o her_o title_n of_o dower_n be_v find_v scil_n her_o marriage_n the_o seisin_n of_o her_o husband_n and_o death_n for_o it_o be_v say_v that_o although_o she_o be_v marry_v yet_o if_o her_o husband_n be_v not_o seize_v after_o the_o age_n that_o she_o be_v dowable_a she_o shall_v not_o have_v dower_n as_o if_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n take_v to_o wife_n a_o woman_n of_o eight_o year_n and_o afterward_o before_o her_o age_n of_o nine_o year_n the_o husband_n alien_v the_o land_n in_o fee_n and_o afterward_o the_o woman_n attain_v to_o the_o age_n of_o nine_o year_n and_o the_o husband_n die_v it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o woman_n shall_v not_o be_v endow_v and_o that_o the_o title_n of_o he_o who_o sue_v by_o petition_n ought_v to_o be_v find_v by_o office_n appear_v by_o the_o book_n in_o 11_o h._n 4._o 52._o 29_o ass_n 31._o 30_o ass_n 28._o 46_o e._n 3._o breed_v 618._o 9_o h._n 7._o 24._o etc._n etc._n as_o to_o the_o first_o objection_n it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o wife_n shall_v be_v endow_v and_o that_o the_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n be_v not_o a_o bar_n unto_o she_o and_o yet_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o act_n of_o 4_o h._n 7._o cap._n 24._o shall_v bar_v a_o woman_n of_o her_o dower_n by_o a_o fine_a levy_v by_o her_o husband_n with_o proclamation_n if_o the_o woman_n do_v not_o bring_v she_o write_v of_o dower_n within_o five_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n as_o it_o be_v adjudge_v hill_n 4_o h._n 8._o rot._n 344._o in_o the_o common_a plea_n and_o 5_o eliz._n dyer_n 224._o for_o by_o the_o act_n the_o right_a and_o title_n of_o a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n be_v save_v so_o that_o she_o take_v her_o action_n within_o 5._o year_n after_o she_o become_v uncovert_a etc._n etc._n but_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o wife_n be_v not_o to_o be_v aid_v by_o that_o save_n for_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o say_a attainder_n of_o her_o husband_n of_o treason_n she_o have_v not_o any_o right_n of_o dower_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n nor_o can_v she_o after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n bring_v a_o action_n or_o prosecute_v a_o action_n to_o recover_v her_o dower_n according_a to_o the_o direction_n and_o save_v of_o the_o say_a act_n but_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o wife_n be_v to_o be_v aid_v by_o another_o former_a save_v in_o the_o same_o act_n viz._n and_o save_v to_o all_o other_o person_n scil_n who_o be_v not_o party_n to_o the_o fine_a such_o action_n right_a title_n claym_v and_o interest_n in_o or_o to_o the_o say_a land_n etc._n etc._n as_o shall_v first_o grow_v remain_z descend_z or_o come_v to_o they_o after_o the_o say_v fine_a ingross_v and_o proclamation_n make_v by_o force_n of_o any_o gift_n in_o tail_n or_o by_o any_o other_o cause_n or_o matter_n have_v and_o make_v before_o the_o say_v fine_a levy_v so_o that_o they_o take_v their_o action_n and_o pursue_v their_o right_n and_o title_n according_a to_o the_o law_n within_o five_o year_n next_o after_o such_o action_n right_o claim_n title_n or_o interest_n to_o they_o accrue_v descend_v fall_v or_o come_v etc._n etc._n and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o action_n and_o right_n of_o dower_n accrue_v to_o the_o wife_n after_o the_o reversall_a of_o the_o attainder_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o title_n of_o record_n before_o the_o fine_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o seisin_n in_o fee_n have_v and_o the_o marriage_n make_v before_o the_o fine_a levy_v according_a to_o the_o â—â—â—ention_n and_o meaning_n of_o the_o say_v act._n and_o as_o to_o the_o say_a poâ—â—t_n of_o relation_n it_o be_v resolve_v that_o sometime_o by_o construction_n of_o law_n a_o thing_n shall_v relate_v ab_fw-la initio_fw-la to_o some_o intent_n and_o to_o some_o intent_n not_o for_o relatio_fw-la est_fw-la fictio_fw-la juris_fw-la to_o do_v a_o thing_n which_o be_v and_o have_v essence_n to_o be_v adnul_v ab_fw-la initio_fw-la betwixt_o the_o same_o party_n to_o advance_v a_o right_n or_o ut_fw-la res_fw-la magis_fw-la valeat_fw-la quam_fw-la pereat_fw-la but_o the_o law_n will_v never_o make_v such_o a_o construction_n to_o advance_v a_o wrong_n which_o the_o law_n abhor_v or_o to_o defeat_v collateral_a act_n which_o be_v lawful_a and_o principal_o if_o they_o do_v concern_v stranger_n and_o this_o appear_v in_o this_o case_n scil_n when_o a_o erroneous_a judgement_n be_v reverse_v by_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n for_o true_a it_o be_v as_o it_o have_v be_v say_v that_o as_o unto_o the_o mean_a profit_n the_o same_o shall_v have_v relation_n by_o construction_n of_o law_n until_o the_o time_n of_o the_o first_o judgement_n give_v and_o that_o be_v to_o favour_v justice_n and_o to_o advance_v the_o right_n of_o he_o who_o have_v wrong_a by_o the_o erroneous_a judgement_n but_o if_o any_o stranger_n have_v do_v a_o trespass_n upon_o the_o land_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o who_o recover_v after_o the_o reversall_a shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o the_o trespassor_n and_o if_o the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o record_n the_o plaintiff_n shall_v show_v the_o special_a matter_n and_o shall_v maintain_v his_o action_n so_o as_o unto_o the_o trespassor_n who_o be_v wrong_a doer_n the_o law_n shall_v not_o make_v any_o construction_n by_o way_n of_o relation_n ab_fw-la initio_fw-la to_o excuse_v they_o for_o then_o the_o law_n by_o a_o fiction_n and_o construction_n shall_v do_v wrong_a to_o he_o who_o recover_v by_o the_o first_o judgement_n and_o for_o the_o better_a apprehend_v of_o the_o law_n on_o this_o point_n it_o be_v to_o know_v that_o when_o any_o man_n recover_v any_o possession_n or_o seisin_n of_o land_n in_o any_o action_n by_o erroneous_a judgement_n and_o afterward_o the_o judgement_n be_v reverse_v as_o be_v say_v before_o and_o upon_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n shall_v have_v a_o writ_n of_o restitution_n and_o that_o writ_n recite_v the_o first_o recovery_n and_o the_o reversall_a of_o it_o in_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n shall_v be_v restore_v to_o his_o possession_n and_o seisin_n una_fw-la cum_fw-la exitibus_fw-la thereof_o from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o judgement_n etc._n etc._n tibi_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la quod_fw-la eadem_fw-la a._n ad_fw-la plenariam_fw-la seisinam_fw-la tenementorum_fw-la predict_v cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la sine_fw-la dilatione_fw-la restitui_fw-la facias_fw-la &_o per_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la proborum_fw-la &_o legalium_fw-la hominum_fw-la de_fw-la com._n svo_fw-la diligenter_n inquire_v ad_fw-la quantum_fw-la exitus_fw-la &_o proficua_fw-la tenementorum_fw-la illorum_fw-la cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la a_o tempore_fw-la falsi_fw-la judicii_fw-la predict_v reddit_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la oct._n sanct._n mich._n anno_fw-la etc._n etc._n quo_fw-la die_fw-la judcium_fw-la illud_fw-la per_fw-la praefat_fw-la justiciar_a nostros_fw-la revocat_fw-la fuit_fw-la se_fw-la attingunt_fw-la juxta_fw-la verum_fw-la valorem_fw-la eorundem_fw-la eadem_fw-la exitus_fw-la &_o proficua_fw-la de_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o catallis_fw-la predict_v b._n in_o baliva_fw-la tua_fw-la fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la &_o denarios_fw-la inde_fw-la praefato_fw-la a._n pro_fw-la exitibus_fw-la et_fw-la proficuis_fw-la

of_o justice_n and_o this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o these_o three_o day_n consultation_n and_o note_v that_o dr._n bennet_n in_o his_o discourse_n inveigh_v much_o against_o the_o opinion_n in_o 8_o e._n 4._o 14._o and_o in_o my_o report_n in_o wright_n case_n that_o the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n will_v not_o allow_v a_o modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la and_o say_v that_o that_o be_v the_o mystery_n of_o iniquity_n and_o that_o they_o will_v allow_v it_o and_o the_o king_n ask_v for_o what_o cause_n it_o be_v so_o say_v in_o the_o say_a book_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o it_o appear_v in_o linwood_n who_o be_v dean_n of_o the_o arch_n and_o of_o profound_a knowledge_n in_o the_o canon_n and_o civil_a law_n and_o who_o write_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o a_o little_a before_o the_o say_a case_n in_o 8_o e._n 4._o in_o his_o title_n de_fw-fr decimis_fw-la cap._n quoniam_fw-la propter_fw-la etc._n etc._n foe_o 139._o b._n quod_fw-la decimae_fw-la solvantur_fw-la etc._n etc._n absque_fw-la ulla_fw-la diminutione_n and_o in_o the_o gloss_n it_o be_v say_v quod_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la de_fw-la non_fw-la decimando_fw-la aut_fw-la de_fw-la non_fw-la bene_fw-la decimando_fw-la non_fw-la valet_fw-la and_o that_o be_v write_v by_o a_o great_a canonist_n of_o england_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o say_v say_v in_o 8_o e._n 4._o that_o they_o will_v not_o allow_v the_o say_a plea_n de_fw-fr modo_fw-la decimandi_fw-la for_o always_o the_o modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la be_v less_o in_o value_n then_o the_o tithe_n in_o specie_fw-la and_o then_o the_o same_o be_v against_o their_o canon_n quod_fw-la decimae_fw-la solvantur_fw-la absque_fw-la diminutione_n &_o quod_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la de_fw-la non_fw-la plene_fw-la decimando_fw-la non_fw-la valet_fw-la and_o it_o seem_v to_o the_o king_n that_o that_o book_n be_v a_o good_a cause_n for_o they_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o to_o say_v as_o they_o have_v say_v but_o i_o say_v that_o i_o do_v not_o rely_v upon_o that_o but_o upon_o the_o ground_n aforesaid_a scil_n the_o common_a law_n statute-law_n and_o the_o continual_a and_o infinite_a judgement_n and_o judicial_a proceed_n and_o that_o if_o any_o canon_n or_o constitution_n be_v against_o the_o same_o such_o canon_n and_o constitution_n etc._n etc._n be_v void_a by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o h._n 8._o cap._n 19_o which_o see_v and_o note_n for_o all_o canon_n constitution_n etc._n etc._n against_o the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n the_o common_a law_n statute_n or_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v void_a last_o the_o king_n say_v that_o the_o high_a commission_n ought_v not_o to_o meddle_v with_o any_o thing_n but_o that_o which_o be_v enormous_a and_o exorbitant_a and_o can_v permit_v the_o ordinary_a process_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n and_o which_o the_o same_o law_n can_v punish_v and_o that_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o same_o commission_n and_o therefore_o although_o every_o offence_n ex_fw-la vi_fw-la termini_fw-la be_v enormous_a yet_o in_o the_o statute_n it_o be_v to_o be_v intend_v of_o such_o a_o offence_n be_v extra_fw-la omnem_fw-la normam_fw-la as_o heresy_n schism_n incest_n and_o the_o like_a great_a offence_n for_o the_o king_n say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o reason_n that_o the_o high_a commission_n shall_v have_v conusance_n of_o common_a offence_n but_o to_o leave_v they_o to_o ordinary_n scil_n because_o that_o the_o party_n can_v have_v any_o appeal_n in_o case_n the_o high_a commisson_n shall_v determine_v of_o it_o and_o the_o king_n think_v that_o two_o high_a commission_n for_o either_o province_n one_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a for_o all_o england_n and_o no_o more_o xv._o mich._n 39_o and_o 40_o eliz._n in_o the_o king_n bench._n bedell_n and_o shermans_n case_n mich_n 39_o and_o 40_o eliz._n which_o be_v enter_v mich._n 40_o eliz._n in_o the_o com-plea_n rot._n 699_o cantabr_n the_o case_n be_v this_o robert_n bedel_n gent._n and_o sarah_n his_o wife_n farmer_n of_o the_o rectory_n of_o litlington_n in_o the_o county_n of_o cambridge_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o john_n sherman_n in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o marshal_n of_o the_o marshalsey_n and_o demand_v 550_o l._n and_o declare_v that_o the_o master_n and_o fellow_n of_o clare-hall_n in_o cambridge_n be_v seize_v of_o the_o say_a rectory_n in_o fee_n in_o right_a of_o the_o say_a college_n and_o in_o june_n 10._o 29_o eliz._n by_o indenture_n demise_v to_o christopher_n pheasant_n the_o say_a rectorie_n for_o 21_o year_n render_v 17_o l._n 15_o s._n 5_o d._n and_o reserve_v rent-corn_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n etc._n etc._n which_o rent_n be_v the_o ancient_a rent_n who_o enter_v into_o the_o say_a rectory_n and_o be_v possess_v and_o assign_v all_o his_o interest_n thereof_o to_o one_o matthew_n batâ—_n who_o make_v his_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n and_o make_v sarah_n his_o wife_n his_o executrix_n and_o die_v sarah_n prove_v the_o will_n and_o enter_v and_o be_v thereof_o possess_v as_o executrix_n and_o take_v to_o husband_n the_o say_a robert_n bedel_n by_o force_n whereof_o they_o in_o the_o right_n of_o the_o say_v sarah_n enter_v and_o be_v possess_v thereof_o and_o that_o the_o defendant_n be_v then_o tenant_n and_o seize_v for_o his_o life_n of_o 300_o acre_n of_o arable_a land_n in_o litlington_n aforesaid_a which_o ought_v to_o pay_v tithe_n to_o the_o rector_n of_o litlington_n and_o in_o anno_fw-la 38_o eliz._n the_o defendant_n grano_fw-la seminavit_fw-la 200_o acre_n parcel_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o the_o tithe_n of_o the_o same_o do_v amount_v to_o 150_o l._n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n do_v not_o divide_v nor_o set_v forth_o the_o same_o from_o the_o 9_o part_n but_o take_v and_o carry_v they_o away_o against_o the_o form_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o e._n 6_o etc._n etc._n and_o the_o defendant_n plead_v nihil_fw-la debet_fw-la and_o the_o jury_n find_v that_o the_o defendant_n do_v owe_v 55_o l._n and_o to_o the_o residue_n they_o find_v nihil_fw-la debet_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n divers_a matter_n be_v move_v 1._o that_o grano_fw-la seminata_fw-la be_v too_o general_a and_o incertain_a but_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v express_v with_o what_o kind_n of_o corn_n the_o same_o be_v sow_v 2._o it_o be_v move_v if_o the_o parson_n ought_v to_o have_v the_o treble_a value_n the_o forfeiture_n be_v by_o express_a word_n limit_v to_o none_o by_o the_o act_n or_o that_o the_o same_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o queen_n 3._o if_o the_o same_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o parson_n if_o he_o ought_v to_o sue_v for_o the_o same_o in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n or_o in_o the_o king_n temporal_a court_n 4._o if_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n shall_v join_v in_o the_o action_n or_o the_o husband_n alone_o shall_v have_v the_o action_n and_o upon_o solemn_a argunent_n at_o the_o bar_n and_o at_o the_o bench_n the_o judgement_n be_v affirm_v xvi_o trinity_n term_n 7_o jocob_n in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n john_n baily_n case_n it_o be_v find_v by_o writ_n of_o diem_fw-la clausit_fw-la extremum_fw-la that_o the_o say_v john_n bailie_n be_v seize_v of_o a_o message_n or_o tenement_n and_o of_o and_o in_o the_o four_o part_n of_o one_o acre_n of_o land_n late_a parcel_n of_o the_o demesne_n land_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o newton_n in_o the_o county_n of_o hereford_n in_o his_o demesne_n as_o of_o fee_n and_o find_v the_o other_o point_v of_o the_o writ_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o two_o chief_a justice_n and_o the_o chief_a baron_n 1._o that_o messuagium_fw-la vel_fw-la tenementum_fw-la be_v uncertain_a for_o tenementum_fw-la be_v nomen_fw-la collectivum_fw-la and_o may_v contain_v land_n or_o any_o thing_n which_o be_v hold_v 2._o it_o be_v hold_v that_o be_v be_v void_a for_o the_o whole_a because_o that_o no_o town_n be_v mention_v in_o the_o office_n where_o the_o message_n or_o tenement_n or_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o acre_n lie_v and_o from_o the_o visne_n of_o the_o manor_n upon_o a_o traverse_v none_o can_v come_v because_o it_o be_v not_o affirm_v by_o by_o the_o office_n that_o they_o be_v parcel_n of_o the_o manor_n but_o nuper_fw-la parcel_n of_o the_o manor_n which_o impli_v that_o now_o they_o be_v not_o and_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o they_o that_o no_o melius_fw-la inquirendum_fw-la shall_v issue_v forth_o because_o that_o the_o whole_a office_n be_v incertain_a and_o void_a xvii_o trinity_n 7_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n the_o attorney_n of_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n move_v the_o two_o chief_a justice_n and_o chief_a baron_n in_o this_o case_n that_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee-simple_n covenant_n for_o the_o advancement_n of_o his_o son_n and_o of_o his_o name_n and_o blood_n and_o posterity_n that_o he_o will_v stand_v seize_v

the_o feoffee_n and_o another_o be_v not_o any_o new_a thing_n but_o the_o pernancy_n of_o the_o old_a profit_n of_o the_o land_n which_o well_o may_v be_v limit_v to_o the_o feoffee_n and_o another_o joint_o but_o if_o the_o use_n have_v be_v only_o limit_v to_o the_o feoffee_n and_o his_o heir_n there_o because_o there_o be_v not_o any_o limitation_n to_o another_o person_n nec_fw-la in_o praesenti_fw-la nec_fw-la in_o futuro_fw-la he_o shall_v be_v in_o by_o force_n of_o the_o feoffment_n and_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o joynt-tenant_n may_v be_v seize_v to_o a_o use_n although_o that_o they_o come_v to_o it_o at_o several_a time_n as_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o to_o such_o a_o woman_n which_o he_o shall_v after_o marry_v for_o term_v of_o their_o life_n or_o in_o tail_n or_o in_o fee_n in_o this_o case_n if_o after_o he_o marry_v a_o wife_n she_o shall_v take_v joint_o with_o he_o although_o that_o they_o take_v the_o use_n at_o several_a time_n for_o they_o derive_v the_o use_n out_o of_o the_o same_o fountain_n and_o freehold_a scil_n the_o feoffment_n see_v 17_o eliz._n dyer_n 340._o so_o if_o a_o disseisin_n be_v have_v to_o the_o use_n of_o two_o and_o one_o of_o they_o agree_v at_o one_o time_n and_o the_o other_o at_o another_o time_n they_o shall_v be_v joynt-tenant_n but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v of_o estate_n which_o pass_v by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o therefore_o if_o a_o grant_v be_v make_v by_o deed_n to_o one_o man_n for_o term_n of_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o a._n and_o b._n in_o fee_n and_o a._n have_v issue_n and_o die_v and_o afterward_o b._n have_v issue_n and_o die_v and_o then_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n die_v in_o that_o case_n the_o heir_n of_o a._n and_o b._n be_v not_o joynt-tenant_n nor_o shall_v join_v in_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la to_o execute_v the_o fine_a 24_o e._n 3._o joynder_n in_o action_n 10._o because_o that_o although_o the_o remainder_n be_v limit_v by_o one_o fine_a and_o by_o joint_a word_n yet_o because_o that_o by_o the_o death_n of_o a._n the_o remainder_n as_o unto_o the_o moiety_n vest_v in_o his_o heir_n and_o by_o the_o death_n of_o b._n the_o other_o moiety_n vest_v in_o his_o heir_n at_o several_a time_n they_o can_v be_v joint_n tenant_n but_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o use_n the_o husband_n take_v all_o the_o use_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n and_o when_o he_o marry_v the_o wife_n take_v it_o by_o force_n of_o the_o feoffment_n and_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o use_n joint_o with_o he_o for_o there_o be_v not_o any_o fraction_n and_o several_a ve_n by_o parcel_n as_o in_o the_o other_o case_n and_o such_o be_v the_o difference_n see_v 18_o e._n 3._o 28._o and_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n it_o be_v resolve_v that_o because_o in_o the_o principal_a case_n the_o father_n and_o son_n be_v joynt-tenant_n by_o the_o original_a purchase_n that_o the_o son_n have_v the_o land_n by_o survivor_n shall_v not_o be_v in_o ward_n and_o according_o it_o be_v so_o decree_v xxiv_o pasc_n 39_o eliz._n rot._n 233._o in_o the_o kings-bench_n collins_n and_o harding_n case_n the_o case_n between_o collins_n and_o harding_n be_v a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n and_o also_o of_o land_n by_o copy_n of_o court_n roll_n in_o fee_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n make_v one_o entire_a demise_n of_o the_o land_n in_o fee_n and_o of_o the_o land_n hold_v by_o copy_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n to_o harding_n for_o year_n render_v one_o entire_a rent_n and_o afterward_o the_o lessor_n surrender_v the_o copyhold_n land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o collins_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o at_o another_o time_n grant_v by_o deed_n the_o reversion_n of_o the_o freehold_a land_n to_o collins_n in_o fee_n and_o harding_n attorn_v and_o afterward_o for_o the_o rent_n behind_o collins_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o the_o whole_a rent_n and_o it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o rent_n be_v a_o entire_a contract_n and_o by_o the_o act_n of_o the_o lessee_n the_o same_o can_v be_v apportion_v and_o therefore_o if_o one_o demise_v three_o acre_n render_v 3_o s._n rent_n and_o afterward_o bargain_v and_o sell_v by_o deed_n indent_a and_o enrol_v the_o reversion_n of_o one_o acre_n the_o whole_a rent_n be_v go_v because_o that_o the_o contract_n be_v entire_a and_o can_v be_v sever_v by_o the_o act_n of_o the_o lessor_n also_o the_o lessee_n by_o that_o shall_v be_v subject_a to_o two_o fealty_n where_o he_o be_v subject_a but_o to_o one_o before_o as_o to_o these_o point_n it_o be_v answer_v and_o resolve_v that_o the_o contract_n be_v not_o entire_a but_o that_o the_o same_o by_o the_o act_n of_o the_o lessor_n and_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lessee_n may_v be_v divide_v and_o sever_v for_o the_o rent_n be_v incident_a to_o the_o reversion_n and_o the_o reversion_n be_v severable_a and_o by_o consequence_n the_o rent_n also_o for_o accessorium_fw-la sequitur_fw-la naturam_fw-la svi_fw-la principalis_fw-la and_o that_o can_v be_v sever_v or_o divide_v by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lessee_n or_o express_v attornment_n or_o employ_v by_o force_n of_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o which_o every_o one_o be_v a_o party_n as_o by_o force_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o inrolment_n or_o of_o use_v etc._n etc._n and_o as_o to_o the_o two_o fealty_n to_o that_o the_o lessee_n shall_v be_v subject_a although_o that_o the_o rent_n shall_v be_v extinct_a for_o fealty_n be_v by_o necessity_n of_o law_n incident_a to_o the_o reversion_n and_o to_o every_o part_n of_o it_o but_o the_o rent_n shall_v be_v divide_v pro_fw-la rata_fw-la portionis_fw-la and_o so_o it_o be_v adjudge_v and_o it_o be_v also_o adjudge_v that_o although_o collins_n come_v to_o the_o reversion_n by_o several_a conveyance_n and_o at_o several_a time_n yet_o he_o may_v bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o the_o whole_a rent_n hill_n 43_o eliz._n rot._n 243._o west_n and_o lassels_n case_n a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n of_o certain_a land_n and_o afterward_o devise_v the_o reversion_n of_o two_o part_n to_o one_o he_o shall_v have_v two_o part_n of_o the_o rent_n and_o he_o may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o the_o same_o and_o have_v judgement_n to_o recover_v hill_n 42_o eliz._n rot._n 108._o in_o the_o common-plea_n ewer_n and_o moil_n case_n the_o devisee_fw-mi of_o the_o reversion_n of_o part_n shall_v avow_v for_o part_n of_o the_o rent_n and_o such_o avowry_n shall_v be_v good_a and_o maintainable_a note_v well_o these_o case_n and_o judgement_n for_o they_o be_v give_v upon_o great_a reason_n and_o consideration_n for_o otherwise_o great_a inconvenience_n will_v ensue_v if_o by_o severance_n of_o part_n of_o the_o reversion_n the_o entire_a rent_n shall_v be_v lose_v and_o the_o opinion_n report_v by_o sergeant_n bendloes_n in_o hill_n 6_o and_o 7_o e._n 6._o to_o the_o contrary_a nihil_fw-la valet_fw-la scil_n that_o the_o rent_n in_o such_o case_n shall_v be_v lose_v because_o that_o no_o contract_n can_v be_v apportion_v which_o be_v not_o law_n for_o 1._o a_o rent_n reserve_v upon_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n be_v more_o than_o a_o contract_n for_o it_o be_v a_o rent-service_n 2._o it_o be_v incident_a to_o the_o reversion_n which_o be_v severable_a 3._o upon_o recovery_n of_o part_n in_o waste_n or_o upon_o entry_n in_o part_n for_o a_o forfeiture_n or_o upon_o surrender_n of_o part_n the_o rent_n be_v apportionable_a 25._o note_v it_o be_v adjudge_v 19_o eliz._n in_o the_o kings-bench_n that_o where_o one_o obtain_v a_o prohibition_n upon_o prescription_n de_fw-fr modo_fw-la decimandi_fw-la by_o payment_n of_o a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n at_o a_o certain_a day_n upon_o which_o issue_n be_v take_v and_o the_o jury_n find_v the_o modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la by_o payment_n of_o the_o say_a sum_n but_o that_o it_o have_v be_v pay_v at_o another_o day_n and_o the_o case_n be_v well_o debate_v and_o at_o the_o last_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o no_o consultation_n shall_v be_v grant_v for_o although_o that_o the_o day_n of_o payment_n be_v mistake_v yet_o it_o appear_v to_o the_o court_n that_o no_o tithe_n in_o kind_n be_v due_a for_o which_o the_o suit_n be_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n and_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o custom_n de_fw-fr modo_fw-la decimandi_fw-la belong_v to_o the_o common_a law_n and_o a_o consultation_n shall_v not_o be_v grant_v where_o the_o spiritual_a court_n have_v not_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o cause_n tanfield_n chief_a baron_n have_v the_o report_n of_o this_o case_n xxv_o mich._n 7_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la the_o writ_n and_o declaration_n be_v of_o two_o part_n of_o

certain_a land_n in_o hetherset_n and_o windham_n in_o norfolk_n and_o do_v not_o say_v in_o two_o part_n in_o three_o part_n to_o be_v divide_v and_o yet_o it_o be_v good_a as_o well_o in_o the_o declaration_n as_o in_o the_o writ_n for_o without_o question_n the_o writ_n be_v good_a de_fw-fr duabus_fw-la partibus_fw-la general_o and_o so_o be_v the_o register_n see_v 4_o e._n 3._o 162._o 2_o e._n 3._o 31._o 2_o assis_n 1._o 10_o assis_n 12._o 10_o e._n 3._o 511._o 11_o ass_n 21._o 11_o e._n 3._o bre._n 478_o 9_o h._n 6._o 36._o 17_o e._n 4._o 46._o 19_o e._n 3._o bre._n 244._o and_o upon_o all_o the_o say_a book_n it_o appear_v that_o by_o the_o intendment_n and_o construction_n of_o the_o law_n when_o any_o part_n be_v demand_v without_o show_v in_o how_o many_o part_n the_o whole_a be_v divide_v that_o there_o remain_v but_o one_o part_n not_o divide_v as_o if_o two_o part_n be_v demand_v there_o remain_v a_o three_o part_n and_o when_o three_o part_n be_v divide_v three_o remain_v a_o four_o part_n etc._n etc._n but_o when_o any_o demand_n be_v of_o other_o part_n in_o other_o form_n there_o he_o ought_v to_o show_v the_o same_o specialty_n as_o if_o one_o demand_v three_o part_n of_o five_o part_n or_o four_o part_n of_o six_o etc._n etc._n and_o according_a to_o this_o difference_n it_o be_v so_o resolve_v in_o jourden_n case_n in_o the_o kings-bench_n and_o according_o judgement_n be_v give_v in_o this_o term_n in_o the_o case_n at_o bar._n xxvi_o mich._n 7_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o the_o common-plea_n mutton_n case_n a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n be_v bring_v against_o mutton_n for_o call_v of_o the_o plaintiff_n sorcerer_n and_o inchantor_n who_o plead_v not-guilty_a and_o it_o be_v find_v against_o he_o to_o the_o damage_n of_o 6_o d._n and_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o whole_a court_n in_o the_o common-plea_n that_o no_o action_n lie_v for_o the_o say_a word_n for_o sortilegium_fw-la est_fw-la rei_fw-la futuri_fw-la per_fw-la sort_n exploratio_fw-la et_fw-la sortilegus_fw-la sive_fw-la sortilegista_fw-la est_fw-la qui_fw-la per_fw-la sort_n futura_fw-la praenunciat_fw-la inchauntry_n est_fw-la verbis_fw-la aut_fw-la rebus_fw-la adjunctis_fw-la aliquid_fw-la praeter_fw-la naturam_fw-la moliri_fw-la whereof_o the_o poet_n say_v carminibus_fw-la circe_n socios_fw-la mutavit_fw-la ulyssis_fw-la see_v 45_o e._n 3._o 17._o one_o be_v take_v in_o southwark_n with_o the_o head_n and_o visage_n of_o a_o dead_a man_n and_o with_o a_o book_n of_o sorcery_n in_o his_o mail_n and_o he_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o kings-bench_n before_o knevet_n justice_n but_o no_o indictment_n be_v frame_v against_o he_o for_o which_o the_o clark_n make_v he_o swear_v that_o he_o shall_v never_o after_o commit_v any_o sorcery_n and_o he_o be_v send_v to_o prison_n and_o the_o head_n and_o the_o book_n be_v burn_v at_o tuthill_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o prisoner_n and_o the_o ancient_a law_n be_v as_o it_o appear_v by_o britton_n that_o those_o who_o be_v attaint_v of_o sorcery_n be_v burn_v but_o the_o law_n be_v not_o such_o at_o this_o day_n but_o he_o who_o be_v convict_v of_o such_o imposture_n and_o deceit_n shall_v be_v fine_v and_o imprison_v and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o if_o one_o call_v another_o witch_n that_o a_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v for_o it_o be_v too_o general_a et_fw-la dicitur_fw-la latin_a venefica_fw-la but_o if_o one_o say_v she_o be_v a_o witch_n and_o have_v bewitch_v such_o a_o one_o to_o death_n a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n lie_v if_o in_o truth_n he_o be_v dead_a conjuration_n be_v derive_v of_o these_o word_n con_n and_o juro_fw-la et_fw-la propria_fw-la dicitur_fw-la quando_fw-la multi_fw-la in_o alicujus_fw-la pernitiem_fw-la jurant_fw-la and_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o eliz._n cap._n 16._o it_o be_v take_v for_o invocation_n of_o any_o evil_a and_o wicked_a spirit_n i._o est_fw-la conjurare_fw-la verbis_fw-la conceptis_fw-la aliquos_fw-la malos_fw-la &_o iniquos_fw-la spiritus_fw-la the_o same_o be_v make_v felony_n but_o witchcraft_n enchantment_n charm_n or_o sorcery_n be_v not_o felony_n if_o not_o by_o they_o any_o person_n be_v kill_v or_o die_v so_o that_o conjuration_n est_fw-la verbis_fw-la conceptis_fw-la compellere_fw-la malos_fw-la &_o iniquos_fw-la spiritus_fw-la aliquod_fw-la facere_fw-la vel_fw-la dicere_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o a_o witch_n who_o work_v any_o thing_n by_o any_o evil_a spirit_n do_v not_o make_v any_o conjuration_n or_o invocation_n by_o any_o powerful_a name_n of_o the_o devil_n but_o the_o wicked_a spirit_n come_v to_o she_o familiar_o and_o therefore_o be_v call_v a_o familiar_a but_o if_o a_o man_n be_v call_v a_o conjurer_n or_o a_o witch_n he_o shall_v not_o have_v any_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n unless_o that_o he_o say_v that_o he_o be_v a_o conjurer_n of_o the_o devil_n or_o of_o any_o evil_a or_o wicked_a spirit_n or_o that_o one_o be_v a_o witch_n and_o that_o she_o have_v bewitch_v any_o one_o to_o death_n as_o be_v before_o say_v and_o note_v that_o the_o first_o statute_n which_o be_v make_v against_o conjuration_n witchcraft_n sorcery_n and_o enchantment_n be_v the_o act_n of_o 33_o h._n 8._o cap._n 8._o and_o by_o it_o they_o be_v felony_n in_o certain_a case_n special_a but_o that_o act_n be_v repeal_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o e._n 6._o cap._n 12._o xxvii_o mich._n term_n 7_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n sir_n allen_n percy_n case_n sir_n john_n fitz_n and_o bridget_n his_o wife_n be_v tenant_n for_o life_n of_o a_o tenement_n call_v ramshams_n the_o remainder_n to_o sir_n john_n fitz_n in_o tail_n the_o remainder_n to_o bridget_n in_o tail_n the_o reversion_n to_o sir_n john_n and_o his_o heir_n sir_n john_n and_o bridget_n his_o wife_n by_o indenture_n demise_v the_o say_a tenement_n to_o william_n sprey_n for_o divers_a year_n yet_o to_o come_v except_o all_o tree_n of_o timber_n oak_n and_o ash_n and_o liberty_n to_o carry_v they_o away_o render_v rend_v and_o afterward_o sir_n john_n die_v have_v issue_n mary_n his_o daughter_n now_o the_o wife_n of_o sir_n allen_n percy_n knight_n and_o afterward_o the_o say_a william_n sprey_n demise_v the_o same_o tenement_n to_o sir_n allen_n for_o seven_o year_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o sir_n allen_n have_v the_o immediate_a inheritance_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n expoctant_a upon_o the_o estate_n for_o the_o life_n of_o bridget_n and_o also_o have_v the_o possession_n by_o the_o say_a demise_n may_v cut_v down_o the_o timber_n tree_n oak_n and_o ash_n and_o it_o be_v object_v that_o he_o may_v well_o do_v it_o for_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o saunders_n case_n in_o the_o five_o part_n of_o my_o report_n foe_n 12._o that_o if_o lessee_n for_o year_n or_o for_o life_n assign_v over_o his_o term_n or_o estate_n unto_o another_o except_v the_o mine_n or_o the_o tree_n or_o the_o clay_n etc._n etc._n that_o the_o exception_n be_v void_a because_o that_o he_o can_v except_v that_o which_o he_o can_v lawful_o take_v and_o which_o do_v not_o belong_v unto_o he_o by_o the_o law_n but_o it_o be_v answer_v and_o resolve_v by_o the_o two_o chief_a justice_n and_o the_o chief_a baron_n that_o in_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n the_o exception_n be_v good_a without_o question_n because_o that_o he_o who_o have_v the_o inheritance_n join_v in_o the_o lease_n with_o the_o lessee_n for_o life_n and_o it_o be_v further_o resolve_v that_o if_o tenant_n for_o life_n lease_v for_o year_n except_v the_o timber_n tree_n the_o same_o be_v lawful_o and_o wise_o do_v for_o otherwise_o if_o the_o lessee_n or_o assignee_n cut_v down_o the_o tree_n the_o tenant_n for_o life_n shall_v be_v punish_v in_o waste_n and_o shall_v not_o have_v any_o remedy_n against_o the_o lessee_n for_o year_n and_o also_o if_o he_o demise_v the_o land_n without_o exception_n he_o who_o have_v the_o immediate_a estate_n of_o inheritance_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lessee_n may_v cut_v down_o all_o the_o timber_n tree_n which_o when_o the_o term_n end_v all_o shall_v be_v waste_v and_o then_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n shall_v not_o have_v the_o boot_n which_o the_o law_n give_v he_o nor_o the_o pawnage_n and_o other_o profit_n of_o the_o say_a tree_n which_o he_o lawful_o may_v take_v but_o when_o tenant_n for_o life_n upon_o his_o lease_n except_v the_o tree_n if_o they_o be_v cut_v down_o by_o the_o lessor_n the_o lessee_n or_o assignee_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n quare_fw-la vi_fw-la &_o armis_fw-la and_o shall_v recover_v damage_n according_a to_o his_o loss_n and_o this_o case_n be_v not_o like_a to_o the_o say_a case_n of_o saunders_n which_o be_v affirm_v to_o be_v good_a law_n for_o there_o the_o lessee_n assign_v over_o his_o whole_a interest_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o except_v the_o mine_n

tree_n and_o clay_n etc._n etc._n which_o he_o have_v not_o but_o as_o thing_n annex_v to_o the_o land_n and_o therefore_o he_o can_v not_o have_v they_o when_o he_o have_v depart_v with_o his_o whole_a interest_n nor_o he_o can_v not_o take_v they_o either_o for_o reparation_n or_o otherwise_o but_o when_o tenant_n for_o life_n lease_v for_o year_n except_o the_o timber_n tree_n the_o same_o remain_v yet_o annex_v to_o his_o freehold_n and_o he_o may_v command_v the_o lessee_n to_o take_v they_o for_o necessary_a reparation_n of_o the_o house_n and_o in_o the_o say_a case_n of_o saunders_n a_o judgement_n be_v cite_v between_o foster_n and_o miles_n plaintiff_n and_o spencer_n and_o bourd_n defendant_n that_o where_o lessee_n for_o year_n assign_v over_o his_o term_n except_o the_o tree_n that_o waste_v in_o such_o case_n shall_v be_v bring_v against_o the_o assignee_n but_o in_o this_o case_n without_o question_n waste_n lie_v against_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n and_o so_o there_o be_v a_o difference_n etc._n etc._n xxviii_o mich._n term_n 7_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n hulmes_n case_n the_o king_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n lord_n richard_n hulm_n seize_v of_o the_o manor_n of_o male_n in_o the_o county_n of_o lancaster_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o his_o duchy_n by_o knight_n service_n mesne_fw-la and_o robert_n male_a seize_v of_o land_n in_o male_a hold_v of_o the_o mesn_a as_o of_o his_o say_a manor_n by_o knight_n service_n tenant_n richard_n hulm_n die_v after_o who_o death_n 31_o hen._n the_o eight_o it_o be_v find_v that_o he_o die_v seize_v of_o the_o say_a menalty_n and_o that_o the_o same_o descend_v to_o edward_n his_o son_n and_o heir_n within_o age_n and_o find_v the_o tenure_n aforesaid_a etc._n etc._n and_o during_o the_o time_n that_o he_o be_v within_o age_n robert_n male_a the_o tenant_n die_v after_o which_o in_o anno_fw-la 35_o h._n 8._o it_o be_v find_v by_o office_n that_o robert_n male_a die_v seize_v of_o the_o say_a tenancy_n peravail_v and_o that_o the_o same_o descend_v to_o richard_n his_o son_n and_o heir_n within_o age_n and_o that_o the_o say_a tenancy_n be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o his_o say_a duchy_n by_o knight_n service_n whereas_o in_o truth_n the_o same_o be_v hold_v of_o edward_n hulm_n then_o in_o ward_n of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o his_o menalty_n for_o which_o the_o king_n seize_v the_o ward_n of_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o tenant_n and_o afterward_o anno_fw-la quarto_fw-la jacobi_n regis_fw-la that_o now_o be_v after_o the_o death_n of_o richard_n male_a who_o be_v lineal_a heir_n of_o the_o say_v robert_n male_a by_o another_o office_n it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o say_v richard_n die_v seize_v of_o the_o say_a tenancy_n and_o hold_v the_o same_o of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o his_o duchy_n by_o knight_n service_n his_o heir_n within_o age_n whereupon_o richard_n hulm_n cousin_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o say_v richard_n hulm_n have_v prefer_v a_o bill_n to_o be_v admit_v to_o his_o traverse_n of_o the_o say_a office_n find_v in_o quarto_fw-la jacobi_n regis_fw-la and_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o office_n find_v in_o 35_o h._n 8._o be_v any_o estoppel_n to_o the_o say_v hulm_n to_o traverse_v the_o say_v last_o office_n or_o if_o that_o the_o say_v hulm_n shall_v be_v drive_v first_o to_o traverse_v the_o office_n of_o 35_o h._n 8._o and_o it_o be_v object_v that_o he_o ought_v first_o to_o traverse_v the_o office_n of_o 35_o h._n 8._o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o 26_o e._n 3._o 65._o that_o if_o two_o fine_n be_v levy_v of_o land_n in_o ancient_a demesn_a the_o lord_n of_o who_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v aught_o to_o have_v a_o writ_n of_o deceit_n to_o reverse_v the_o first_o fine_a and_o in_o that_o the_o second_o fine_a shall_v not_o be_v a_o bar_n and_o that_o the_o first_o office_n shall_v stand_v as_o long_o as_o the_o same_o remain_v in_o force_n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v and_o resolve_v by_o the_o two_o chief_a justice_n and_o the_o chief_a baron_n and_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n that_o the_o find_n of_o a_o office_n be_v not_o any_o estoppel_n for_o that_o be_v but_o a_o enquest_n of_o office_n and_o the_o party_n grieve_v shall_v have_v a_o traverse_v to_o it_o as_o it_o have_v be_v confess_v and_o therefore_o without_o question_n the_o same_o be_v no_o estoppel_n but_o when_o a_o office_n be_v find_v false_o that_o land_n be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n by_o knight_n service_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o of_o the_o king_n himself_o in_o socage_n if_o the_o heir_n sue_v a_o general_a livery_n now_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o 46_o e._n 3._o 12._o by_o mowbray_n and_o persey_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o after_o add_v that_o the_o land_n be_v not_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n but_o that_o be_v not_o any_o estoppel_n to_o the_o heir_n himself_o who_o sue_v the_o livery_n and_o shall_v not_o conclude_v his_o heir_n for_o so_o say_v mowbray_n himself_o express_o in_o 44_o assis_n pl._n 35._o that_o a_o estoppel_n by_o sue_v of_o livery_n shall_v estop_v only_o himself_o the_o heir_n during_o his_o life_n and_o in_o 1_o h._n 4._o 6._o b._n there_o the_o case_n be_v put_v of_o express_a confession_n and_o sue_n of_o livery_n by_o the_o issue_n in_o tail_n upon_o a_o false_a office_n and_o there_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o juror_n upon_o a_o new_a diem_fw-la clausit_fw-la extremum_fw-la after_o the_o death_n of_o such_o special_a heir_n be_v at_o large_a according_a to_o their_o conscience_n to_o find_v that_o the_o land_n be_v not_o hold_v etc._n etc._n for_o they_o be_v swear_v ad_fw-la veritatem_fw-la dicendum_fw-la and_o their_o find_n be_v call_v veredictum_fw-la quasi_fw-la dictum_fw-la veritatis_fw-la which_o reason_n also_o shall_v serve_v when_o the_o heir_n in_o fee-simple_n sue_v livery_n upon_o a_o false_a office_n and_o the_o juror_n after_o his_o death_n ought_v to_o find_v according_a to_o the_o truth_n so_o it_o be_v say_v 33_o h._n 6._o 7._o by_o laicon_n that_o if_o two_o sister_n be_v find_v heir_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v a_o bastard_n if_o they_o join_v in_o a_o suit_n of_o livery_n she_o which_o join_v with_o the_o bastard_n in_o the_o livery_n shall_v not_o allege_v bastardy_n in_o the_o other_o but_o there_o be_v no_o book_n that_o say_v that_o the_o estoppel_n shall_v endure_v long_o then_o during_o his_o life_n and_o when_o livery_n be_v sue_v by_o a_o special_a heir_n the_o force_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o livery_n be_v execute_v and_o determine_v by_o his_o death_n and_o by_o that_o the_o estoppel_n be_v expire_v with_o the_o death_n of_o the_o heir_n but_o that_o be_v to_o be_v intend_v of_o a_o general_a livery_n but_o a_o special_a livery_n shall_v not_o conclude_v one_o but_o as_o it_o be_v express_v the_o word_n of_o a_o general_a livery_n be_v when_o the_o heir_n be_v find_v of_o full_a age_n rex_fw-la escheatori_fw-la etc._n etc._n scias_n quod_fw-la cepimus_fw-la homigium_fw-la i._o silij_fw-la &_o haeredis_fw-la b._n defuncti_fw-la de_fw-la omnibus_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenementis_fw-la quae_fw-la idem_fw-la b._n pater_fw-la suus_fw-la tenuit_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la die_fw-la quo_fw-la obiit_fw-la &_o ei_fw-la terras_fw-la &_o tenement_n illa_fw-la reddidimus_fw-la ideo_fw-la tibi_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o when_o the_o heir_n be_v in_o ward_n at_o his_o full_a age_n the_o writ_n of_o livery_n shall_v say_v rex_fw-la etc._n etc._n quia_fw-la i._o filius_fw-la &_o haeres_fw-la b._n defuncti_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenuit_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la aetatem_fw-la svam_fw-la coram_fw-la te_fw-la sufficienter_fw-la probavit_fw-la etc._n etc._n ceperimus_fw-la homagium_fw-la ipsius_fw-la i._o de_fw-la omnibus_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenementis_fw-la quae_fw-la idem_fw-la b._n pater_fw-la suus_fw-la tenuit_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la die_fw-la quo_fw-la obiit_fw-la &_o ei_fw-la terras_fw-la &_o tenement_n illa_fw-la reddidimus_fw-la &_o ideo_fw-la tibi_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la ut_fw-la supra_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o writ_n be_v the_o suit_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o therefore_o although_o that_o all_o the_o word_n of_o the_o writ_n be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o king_n as_o all_o the_o writ_n of_o the_o king_n be_v and_o although_o that_o the_o livery_n be_v general_a de_fw-fr omnibus_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenementis_fw-la de_fw-la quibus_fw-la b._n pater_fw-la i._o tenuit_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la die_fw-la quo_fw-la obiit_fw-la without_o direct_a affirmation_n that_o any_o manor_n in_o particular_a be_v hold_v in_o capite_fw-la and_o notwithstanding_o that_o the_o same_o be_v not_o at_o the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o king_n writ_n and_o no_o judgement_n upon_o it_o yet_o because_o the_o general_a livery_n be_v found_v upon_o the_o office_n and_o by_o the_o office_n it_o be_v find_v that_o divers_a land_n or_o

same_o but_o they_o estreat_v the_o same_o into_o the_o exchequer_n which_o have_v power_n by_o the_o law_n to_o write_v forth_o process_n to_o the_o sheriff_n to_o levy_v the_o same_o but_o if_o a_o man_n be_v convict_v in_o the_o star-chamber_n for_o forgery_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o eliz._n that_o in_o that_o case_n for_o the_o double_a cost_n and_o damage_n that_o a_o english_a writ_n shall_v be_v make_v direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n etc._n etc._n recite_v the_o conviction_n and_o the_o statute_n for_o the_o levy_n of_o the_o say_a cost_n and_o damage_n of_o the_o good_n and_o chattel_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o defendant_n and_o to_o bring_v in_o the_o money_n into_o the_o court_n of_o star-chamber_n and_o the_o writ_n shall_v be_v seal_v with_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o the_o test_n of_o the_o king_n for_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o eliz._n have_v give_v jurisdiction_n to_o the_o court_n of_o star-chamber_n and_o power_n to_o give_v judgement_n among_o other_o thing_n of_o the_o cost_n and_o damage_n which_o be_v give_v by_o force_n of_o the_o say_a act_n of_o parliament_n by_o consequence_n the_o court_n by_o the_o act_n have_v power_n to_o grant_v execution_n quia_fw-la quando_fw-la aliquid_fw-la conceditur_fw-la ei_fw-la omne_fw-la concedi_fw-la videntur_fw-la per_fw-la quod_fw-la devenitur_fw-la ad_fw-la illud_fw-la and_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o give_v of_o the_o damage_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v begin_v but_o of_o late_a time_n and_o although_o that_o one_o or_o two_o precedent_n be_v show_v against_o this_o resolution_n they_o be_v against_o the_o law_n the_o judge_n have_v not_o any_o regard_n to_o they_o the_o like_a resolution_n be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o langdale_n in_o that_o court_n xxxi_o hillary_n term_n 7_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o the_o common-plea_n morse_n and_o web_n case_n in_o a_o replevin_n bring_v by_o john_n morse_n against_o robert_n webb_n of_o the_o take_n of_o two_o ox_n the_o last_o day_n of_o november_n in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o king_n that_o now_o be_v in_o a_o place_n call_v the_o downfield_n in_o luddington_n in_o the_o county_n of_o worcester_n the_o defendant_n as_o bailiff_n to_o william_n sherington_n gent._n make_v conusance_n because_o that_o the_o place_n where_o be_v a_o acre_n of_o land_n which_o be_v the_o freehold_a of_o the_o say_v william_n sherington_n and_o for_o damage-feasants_a etc._n etc._n in_o bar_n of_o which_o avowry_n the_o plaintiff_n say_v that_o the_o say_a acre_n of_o land_n in_o parcel_n of_o downfield_n and_o that_o he_o himself_o at_o the_o time_n and_o before_o the_o take_n etc._n etc._n be_v and_o yet_o be_v seize_v of_o two_o yard_n land_n with_o the_o appurtenance_n in_o luddington_n aforesaid_a and_o that_o he_o and_o all_o those_o who_o estate_n he_o have_v in_o the_o say_v two_o yard_n of_o land_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n etc._n etc._n have_v use_v to_o have_v common_a of_o pasture_n per_fw-la totam_fw-la contentam_fw-la of_o the_o say_a place_n call_v the_o downfield_n whereof_o etc._n etc._n for_o four_o beast_n call_v rother_n beast_n and_o two_o beast_n call_v horse-beast_n and_o for_o sixty_o sheep_n at_o certain_a time_n and_o season_n of_o the_o year_n as_o to_o the_o say_v two_o yard_n land_n with_o the_o appurtenance_n appertain_v and_o that_o he_o put_v in_o the_o say_v two_o ox_n to_o use_v his_o common_a etc._n etc._n and_o the_o defendant_n do_v maintain_v his_o avowry_n and_o traverse_v the_o prescription_n upon_o which_o the_o party_n be_v at_o issue_n and_o the_o jury_n give_v a_o special_a verdict_n that_o before_o the_o take_n one_o richard_z morse_n father_n of_o the_o say_v john_n morse_n and_o now_o plaintiff_n who_o heir_n he_o be_v be_v seize_v of_o the_o say_v two_o yard_n land_n and_o that_o the_o say_v richard_n morse_n etc._n etc._n have_v the_o common_a of_o pasture_n for_o the_o say_a cattle_n per_fw-la totum_fw-la contentum_fw-la of_o the_o say_v downfield_n in_o manner_n and_o form_n as_o before_o be_v allege_v and_o so_o seize_v the_o say_v richard_n morse_n in_o the_o twenty_o year_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n demise_v to_o william_n thomas_n and_o john_n fisher_n divers_a parcel_n of_o the_o say_v two_o yard_n land_n to_o which_o etc._n etc._n viz._n the_o four_o butt_n of_o arable_a with_o the_o common_a and_o intercommon_a to_o the_o same_o belong_v for_o the_o term_n of_o four_o hundred_o year_n by_o force_n of_o which_o the_o say_v william_n thomas_n and_o john_n fisher_n enter_v and_o be_v possess_v and_o the_o say_v richard_n so_o seize_v die_v thereof_o seize_v by_o which_o the_o say_v two_o yard_n land_n in_o possession_n and_o reversion_n descend_v to_o the_o say_v john_n morse_n the_o now_o plaintiff_n and_o if_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n the_o say_a john_n morse_n now_o have_v and_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o take_n etc._n etc._n have_v common_a of_o pasture_n etc._n etc._n for_o four_o beast_n call_v rother_n beast_n and_o two_o beast_n call_v horse-beast_n and_o for_o sixty_o sheep_n etc._n etc._n as_o to_o the_o say_v two_o acre_n of_o land_n with_o the_o appurtenance_n belong_v in_o law_n or_o not_o the_o jury_n pray_v the_o advice_n of_o the_o court._n note_v that_o this_o plea_n begin_v trin._n 5_o jacobi_n rot._n 1405._o and_o upon_o argument_n at_o the_o bar_n and_o at_o the_o bench_n it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o whole_a court_n that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v find_v against_o the_o defendant_n who_o have_v traverse_v the_o prescription_n for_o although_o that_o all_o the_o two_o year_n land_n have_v be_v demise_v for_o year_n yet_o the_o prescription_n make_v by_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v true_a for_o he_o be_v seize_v in_o his_o demesn_a as_o of_o fee_n of_o the_o freehold_a of_o the_o two_o yard_n of_o land_n to_o which_o etc._n etc._n and_o without_o question_n the_o inheritance_n and_o freehold_a of_o the_o common_a after_o the_o year_n determine_v be_v appendant_a to_o the_o say_v two_o yard_n land_n and_o therefore_o clear_o the_o issue_n be_v to_o be_v find_v against_o the_o defendant_n but_o if_o he_o will_v take_v advantage_n of_o the_o matter_n in_o law_n he_o ought_v confess_v the_o common_a to_o have_v plead_v the_o say_a lease_n but_o when_o he_o traverse_v the_o prescription_n he_o can_v give_v the_o same_o in_o evidence_n 2._o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o if_o the_o say_a lease_n have_v be_v plead_v that_o the_o common_a during_o the_o lease_n for_o year_n be_v not_o suspend_v or_o discharge_v for_o each_o of_o they_o shall_v have_v common_a rateable_a and_o in_o such_o manner_n that_o the_o land_n in_o which_o etc._n etc._n shall_v not_o be_v surcharge_v and_o if_o so_o small_a a_o parcel_n be_v demise_v which_o will_v not_o keep_v one_o ox_n nor_o a_o sheep_n than_o the_o whole_a common_a shall_v remain_v with_o the_o lessor_n so_o always_o as_o the_o land_n in_o which_o be_v not_o surcharge_v 3._o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o common_a appendant_a unto_o land_n be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v common_a for_o cattle_n levant_a and_o couchant_a upon_o the_o land_n in_o which_o etc._n etc._n so_o that_o by_o the_o severance_n of_o part_n of_o the_o land_n to_o which_o etc._n etc._n so_o prejudice_n can_v come_v to_o the_o tertenant_n in_o which_o etc._n etc._n 4._o see_v the_o case_n of_o in_o the_o four_o part_n of_o my_o report_n foe_n be_v affirm_v for_o good_a law_n and_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n when_o the_o prescription_n be_v for_o cattle_n levant_a and_o couchant_a and_o for_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o cattle_n levant_a and_o couchant_a but_o when_o the_o prescription_n be_v for_o common_a appertinent_a to_o land_n without_o allege_v that_o it_o be_v for_o cattle_n levant_a and_o couchant_a there_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o the_o cattle_n ought_v to_o be_v express_v which_o be_v intend_v by_o the_o law_n to_o be_v levant_a and_o couchant_a xxxii_o hill_n 7_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o the_o common-plea_n hughes_n and_o crowthers_n case_n in_o a_o replevin_n between_o robert_n hugh_n plaintiff_n and_o richard_n crowther_n defendant_n which_o begin_v trin._n 6_o jacobi_n rot._n 2220_o the_o case_n be_v that_o charles_n fox_n be_v seize_v of_o six_o acre_n of_o meadow_n in_o bedston_n in_o the_o county_n of_o salop_n in_o fee_n and_o 10_o octob._n 9_o eliz._n lease_v the_o same_o to_o charles_n hibbens_n and_o arthur_n hibbens_n for_o 60_o year_n if_o the_o aforesaid_a charles_n hibbens_n and_o arthur_n hibbens_n shall_v so_o long_o live_v and_o afterward_o charles_n die_v and_o if_o the_o lease_n determine_v by_o his_o death_n be_v the_o question_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o by_o his_o death_n the_o lease_n be_v determine_v for_o the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n be_v mere_a collateral_a unto_o the_o estate_n for_o year_n otherwise_o it_o be_v if_o a_o

lease_n be_v make_v to_o one_o for_o the_o life_n of_o j._n s._n and_o j._n n._n there_o the_o freehold_n do_v not_o determine_v by_o the_o death_n of_o one_o of_o they_o for_o the_o reason_n and_o cause_v give_v in_o the_o case_n of_o brudnel_n in_o the_o five_o part_n of_o my_o report_n fol._n 9_o which_o case_n be_v affirm_v to_o be_v good_a law_n by_o the_o whole_a court_n xxxiii_o easter_n term_n anno_fw-la 8_o jacobi_n in_o the_o common-plea_n heydon_n and_o smith_n case_n richard_n heydon_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o michael_n smith_n and_o other_o of_o break_v of_o his_o close_a call_v the_o moor_n in_o ugley_n in_o the_o county_n of_o essex_n the_o 25_o day_n of_o june_n in_o the_o five_o year_n of_o the_o king_n &_o quendam_fw-la arborem_fw-la suum_fw-la ad_fw-la valentiam_fw-la 40_o s._n ibidem_fw-la nuper_fw-la crescen_n succiderunt_fw-la the_o defendant_n say_v that_o the_o close_a be_v and_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o trespass_n be_v the_o freehold_a of_o sir_n john_n leventhrop_n knight_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o the_o say_a oak_n be_v a_o timber_n tree_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o thirty_o year_n and_o more_o and_o justify_v the_o cut_n down_o of_o the_o tree_n by_o his_o commandment_n the_o plaintiff_n repli_v and_o say_v that_o the_o say_v close_o and_o a_o house_n and_o 28_o acre_n of_o land_n in_o ugley_n be_v copyhold_n and_o parcel_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n of_o ugley_n etc._n etc._n of_o which_o manor_n edward_n leventhrop_n esquire_n father_n of_o the_o say_a sir_n john_n leventhrop_n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n and_o grant_v the_o say_a house_n land_n and_o close_a to_o the_o say_v richard_n heydon_n and_o his_o heir_n by_o the_o rod_n at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o that_o within_o the_o say_a manor_n there_o be_v such_o a_o custom_n quod_fw-la quilibet_fw-la tenens_fw-la customar_n ejusdem_fw-la manerii_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la ad_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la domini_fw-la etc._n etc._n a_o toto_fw-la tempore_fw-la supradicto_fw-la usus_fw-la fuit_fw-la &_o consuevit_fw-la ad_fw-la ejus_fw-la libitum_fw-la amputare_fw-la ramos_fw-la omnimodum_fw-la arborum_fw-la call_v pollingers_n or_o husbord_n super_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenem_fw-la suis_fw-fr customar_n crescen_n pro_fw-la ligno_fw-la combustibili_fw-la ad_fw-la like_o libitum_fw-la suum_fw-la applicand_a &_o in_o praedicto_fw-la messuagio_fw-it comburend_fw-mi and_o also_o to_o cut_v down_o and_o take_v at_o their_o pleasure_n all_o manner_n of_o tree_n call_v pollenger_n or_o husbord_n and_o all_o other_o timber_n tree_n super_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la custumariis_fw-la suis_fw-la crescen_n for_o the_o reparation_n of_o their_o house_n build_v upon_o the_o say_a land_n and_o customary_a tenement_n and_o also_o for_o ploughbote_n and_o cartbote_n and_o that_o all_o tree_n call_v pollenger_n or_o husbord_n and_o all_o other_o tree_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o trespass_n aforesaid_a or_o hitherto_o grow_v upon_o the_o aforesaid_a land_n and_o tenement_n customary_a of_o the_o say_v richard_n heydon_n be_v not_o sufficient_a nor_o do_v serve_v for_o the_o necessary_a use_n aforesaid_a and_o that_o the_o say_v richard_n heydon_n from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o say_v grant_v make_v unto_o he_o have_v maintain_v and_o preserve_v all_o tree_n etc._n etc._n grow_v upon_o the_o say_a land_n and_o tenement_n to_o he_o grant_v and_o that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v edward_n leventhrop_n the_o say_a manor_n descend_v to_o the_o say_a sir_n john_n leventhorp_n and_o that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o trespass_n the_o aforesaid_a message_n of_o the_o say_v richard_n heydon_n be_v in_o decay_n &_o egebat_fw-la necessariis_fw-la reparationibus_fw-la in_o maremio_n ejusdem_fw-la upon_o which_o the_o defendant_n do_v demur_v in_o law_n and_o this_o case_n be_v oftentimes_o argue_v at_o the_o bar_n and_o now_o this_o term_n it_o be_v argue_v at_o the_o bench_n by_o the_o justice_n and_o in_o this_o case_n these_o point_n be_v resolve_v 1._o that_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o custom_n be_v absurd_a and_o repugnant_a scil_n quod_fw-la quilibet_fw-la tenens_fw-la customarii_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la manerii_fw-la habens_fw-la &_o tenens_fw-la aliqua_fw-la terras_fw-la seu_fw-la tenementa_fw-la custom_n etc._n etc._n usus_fw-la fuit_fw-la amputare_fw-la ramos_fw-la omnimodum_fw-la arborum_fw-la vocat_fw-la pollingers_n etc._n etc._n pro_fw-la ligno_fw-la combustabili_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o praedicto_fw-la messuagio_fw-it comburend_fw-mi which_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o the_o message_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o no_o other_o message_n be_v mention_v before_o which_o be_v absurd_a and_o repugnant_a that_o every_o customary_a tenant_n shall_v burn_v his_o fuel_n in_o the_o plaintiff_n house_n but_o that_o branch_n of_o the_o custom_n do_v not_o extend_v unto_o this_o case_n for_o the_o last_o part_n of_o the_o custom_n which_o concern_v the_o cut_n down_o of_o the_o tree_n concern_v the_o point_n in_o question_n and_o so_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o custom_n be_v not_o material_a it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o plead_n that_o the_o message_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v in_o decay_n &_o egebat_fw-la necessariis_fw-la reparationibus_fw-la in_o maremio_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la be_v too_o general_a for_o the_o plaintiff_n ought_v to_o have_v show_v in_o particular_a in_o what_o the_o message_n be_v in_o decay_n as_o the_o book_n be_v in_o 10_o e._n 4._o 3._o he_o who_o justifi_v for_o housebote_n etc._n etc._n aught_o to_o show_v that_o the_o house_n have_v cause_n to_o be_v repair_v etc._n etc._n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v by_o coke_n chief_a justice_n that_o the_o say_a book_n prove_v the_o plead_n in_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n be_v certain_a enough_o scil_n quod_fw-la messuagium_fw-la praed_fw-we egebat_fw-la necessariis_fw-la reparationibus_fw-la in_o maremio_fw-la without_o show_v the_o precise_a certainty_n and_o therewith_o agree_v 7_o h._n 6._o 38._o and_o 34_o h._n 6._o 17._o 2._o it_o be_v also_o answer_v and_o resolve_v that_o in_o this_o case_n without_o question_n it_o need_v not_o to_o allege_v more_o certainty_n for_o here_o the_o copyholder_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n do_v not_o take_v it_o but_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n do_v cut_v down_o the_o tree_n and_o carry_v it_o away_o where_o the_o rest_n be_v not_o sufficient_a and_o so_o prevent_v the_o copyholder_n of_o his_o benefit_n and_o therefore_o he_o need_v not_o to_o show_v any_o decay_n at_o all_o but_o only_o for_o increase_v of_o the_o damage_n for_o the_o lord_n do_v the_o wrong_n when_o he_o cut_v down_o the_o tree_n which_o shall_v serve_v for_o reparation_n when_o need_n shall_v be_v 3._o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o of_o common_a right_n as_o a_o thing_n incident_a to_o the_o grant_v the_o copyholder_n may_v take_v housebote_n hedgbote_fw-ge and_o plowbote_n upon_o his_o copyhold_n quia_fw-la concesso_fw-la uno_fw-la conceduntur_fw-la omne_fw-la sine_fw-la quibus_fw-la id_fw-la consistere_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la et_fw-la quando_fw-la aliquis_fw-la aliquid_fw-la concedit_fw-la concedere_fw-la videtur_fw-la &_o id_fw-la sine_fw-la quo_fw-la res_fw-la ipsa_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la and_o therewith_o agree_v 9_o h._n 4._o waste_v 59_o but_o the_o same_o may_v be_v restrain_v by_o custom_n scil_n that_o the_o copyholder_n shall_v not_o take_v it_o unless_o by_o assignment_n of_o the_o lord_n or_o his_o bailiff_n etc._n etc._n 4._o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o lord_n can_v take_v all_o the_o timber_n tree_n but_o he_o ought_v to_o leave_v sufficient_a for_o the_o reparation_n of_o the_o customary_a house_n and_o for_o ploughbote_n etc._n etc._n for_o otherwise_o great_a depopulation_n will_v follow_v scil_n ruin_n of_o the_o house_n and_o decay_v of_o tillage_n and_o husbandry_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o bote_n be_v a_o ancient_a saxon_a word_n have_v two_o signification_n the_o one_o compensatio_fw-la criminis_fw-la as_o frithbote_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v to_o be_v discharge_v from_o give_v amends_o for_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n manbote_n to_o be_v discharge_v of_o amends_o for_o the_o death_n of_o man_n and_o second_o in_o the_o latter_a signification_n scil_n for_o reparation_n as_o be_v bridgbote_n burghbote_fw-ge castlebote_fw-ge parkbote_fw-ge etc._n etc._n scil_n reparation_n of_o a_o bridge_n of_o a_o borough_n of_o a_o castle_n of_o a_o park_n etc._n etc._n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v know_v that_o boat_n and_o estover_n be_v all_o one_o estover_n be_v derive_v of_o this_o french_a word_n estover_n i._n e._n fovere_fw-la i._n e._n to_o keep_v warm_a to_o cherish_v to_o sustain_v to_o defend_v and_o there_o be_v four_o kind_n of_o estover_n scil_n ardendi_fw-la arandi_fw-la construendi_fw-la &_o claudendi_fw-la scil_n firebote_fw-ge housebote_fw-ge ploughbote_fw-ge and_o hedgbote_n 5._o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o copyholder_n shall_v have_v a_o general_a action_n of_o trespass_n against_o the_o lord_n quare_fw-la clausum_fw-la fregit_fw-la &_o arborem_fw-la

svam_fw-la etc._n etc._n succidit_fw-la for_o custom_n have_v fix_v it_o to_o his_o estate_n against_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o copyholder_n in_o this_o case_n have_v as_o great_a a_o interest_n in_o the_o timber_n tree_n as_o he_o have_v in_o his_o message_n which_o he_o hold_v by_o copy_n and_o if_o the_o lord_n break_v or_o destroy_v the_o house_n without_o question_n the_o copyholder_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o his_o lord_n quare_fw-la domum_fw-la fregit_fw-la and_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n for_o the_o timber_n tree_n which_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o land_n and_o which_o he_o may_v take_v for_o the_o reparation_n of_o his_o copyhold_n message_n and_o without_o which_o the_o message_n can_v stand_v trinit_fw-la 40_o eliz._n rot._n 37._o in_o the_o kings-bench_n between_o stebbing_n and_o grosener_n the_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o netherhall_n in_o the_o county_n of_o suffolk_n be_v that_o every_o copyholder_n may_v lop_v the_o pollenger_n upon_o his_o copyhold_n pro_fw-la ligno_fw-la combustibili_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n cut_v down_o the_o pollingers_n be_v upon_o the_o plaintiff_n copyhold_n upon_o which_o he_o bring_v his_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n because_o that_o the_o lop_v of_o the_o tree_n in_o such_o case_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o copyholder_n and_o they_o be_v take_v by_o the_o lord_n see_v tailor_n case_n in_o the_o four_o part_n of_o my_o report_n 30_o and_o 31._o and_o see_v 5_o h._n 4_o 2._o guardian_n in_o knight-service_n who_o have_v custodiam_fw-la terrae_fw-la shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o cut_a down_o the_o tree_n against_o the_o heir_n who_o have_v the_o inheritance_n vide_fw-la 2_o h._n 4._o 12._o a_o copyholder_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n quare_fw-la clausum_fw-la fregit_fw-la &_o arbores_fw-la succidit_fw-la and_o see_v 2_o e._n 4._o 15._o a_o servant_n who_o be_v command_v to_o carry_v good_n to_o such_o a_o place_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n or_o appeal_n 1_o h._n 6._o 4._o 7_o h._n 4._o 15._o 19_o h._n 6._o 34._o 11_o h._n 4._o 28._o it_o after_o take_v the_o good_n the_o owner_n have_v his_o good_n again_o yet_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o general_a action_n of_o trespass_n and_o upon_o the_o evidence_n the_o damage_n shall_v be_v mitigate_v so_o be_v the_o better_a opinion_n in_o 11_o h._n 4._o 23._o that_o he_o who_o have_v a_o special_a property_n of_o the_o good_n at_o a_o certain_a time_n shall_v have_v a_o general_a action_n of_o trespass_n against_o he_o who_o have_v the_o general_a property_n and_o upon_o the_o evidence_n damage_n shall_v be_v mitigate_v but_o clear_o the_o baylee_n or_o he_o who_o have_v a_o special_a property_n shall_v have_v a_o general_a action_n of_o trespass_n against_o stranger_n and_o shall_v recover_v all_o in_o damage_n because_o that_o he_o be_v chargeable_a over_o see_v 21_o h._n 7._o 14._o b._n acc_fw-la and_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o 4_o h._n 7._o 3._o that_o tenant_n at_o sufferance_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o possession_n and_o if_o the_o defendant_n plead_v not-guilty_a but_o he_o can_v make_v title_n 30_o h._n 6._o trespass_n 10._o 15_o h._n 7._o 2._o the_o king_n who_o have_v profit_n of_o the_o land_n by_o out-lawry_a shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n or_o take_v good_n damage-feasants_a 35_o h._n 6._o 24._o 30_o h._n 6._o tresp_n 10._o etc._n etc._n tenant_n at_o will_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n 21_o h._n 7._o 15._o and_o 11_o h._n 4._o 23._o if_o a_o man_n bail_v good_n which_o be_v take_v out_o of_o his_o possession_n if_o the_o baylee_n recover_v in_o trespass_n the_o same_o shall_v be_v a_o good_a bar_n to_o the_o baylee_n 5_o h._n 4._o 2._o in_o a_o writ_n of_o waste_n bring_v against_o tenant_n for_o life_n and_o assign_v the_o waste_n in_o cut_v down_o of_o tree_n the_o defendant_n plead_v in_o bar_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n himself_o cut_v they_o and_o culpeper_n the_o sergeant_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n object_v against_o it_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v no_o plea_n because_o the_o defendant_n have_v not_o any_o thing_n in_o the_o freehold_a no_o more_o than_o a_o mere_a stranger_n and_o if_o a_o stranger_n have_v cut_v down_o the_o same_o tree_n he_o shall_v be_v chargeable_a in_o waste_n also_o in_o this_o case_n we_o shall_v be_v at_o a_o mischief_n if_o we_o shall_v not_o recover_v against_o he_o for_o if_o at_o another_o time_n he_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o we_o he_o shall_v recover_v damage_n against_o we_o for_o the_o cut_n id_fw-la est_fw-la for_o the_o value_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o court_n that_o the_o same_o be_v a_o good_a bar_n and_o it_o be_v say_v by_o the_o court_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v not_o at_o any_o mischief_n in_o this_o case_n for_o in_o as_o much_o as_o the_o defendant_n shall_v have_v advantage_n now_o to_o discharge_v himself_o of_o waste_n against_o the_o plaintiff_n upon_o this_o matter_n he_o shall_v be_v bar_v for_o ever_o of_o his_o action_n of_o trespass_n scil_n to_o recover_v the_o value_n of_o the_o tree_n which_o be_v the_o mischief_n object_v by_o culpeper_n but_o without_o question_n he_o shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n quare_fw-la clausum_fw-la fregit_fw-la for_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o lessor_n and_o for_o the_o cut_n of_o the_o tree_n but_o he_o shall_v not_o recover_v the_o value_n of_o the_o tree_n because_o he_o be_v not_o chargeable_a over_o but_o for_o the_o special_a loss_n which_o he_o have_v scil_n for_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o pawnage_n and_o of_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o tree_n etc._n etc._n see_v fitz._n trespass_n ultimo_fw-la in_o the_o abridgement_n and_o afterward_o the_o same_o term_n judgement_n be_v give_v on_o the_o principal_a case_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n xxxiv_o easter_n term_n 8_o jacobi_n in_o the_o common-plea_n the_o parishioner_n of_o st._n alphage_n in_o canterbury_n by_o custom_n ought_v to_o choose_v the_o parish-clark_n who_o they_o choose_v according_o the_o parson_n of_o the_o parish_n by_o colour_n of_o a_o new_a canon_n make_v at_o the_o convocation_n in_o the_o ______o year_n of_o the_o king_n that_o now_o be_v which_o be_v not_o of_o force_n to_o take_v away_o any_o custom_n draw_v the_o clerk_n before_o doctor_n newman_n official_a of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o deprive_v he_o upon_o the_o point_n of_o the_o right_n of_o election_n and_o for_o other_o cause_n and_o upon_o that_o it_o be_v move_v at_o the_o bar_n to_o have_v a_o prohibition_n and_o upon_o the_o hear_n of_o doctor_n newman_n and_o himself_o and_o his_o council_n a_o prohibition_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o whole_a court_n because_o the_o party_n choose_v be_v a_o mere_a temporal_a man_n and_o the_o mean_n of_o choose_v of_o he_o scil_n the_o custom_n be_v also_o mere_a temporal_a so_o as_o the_o official_a can_v deprive_v he_o but_o upon_o occasion_n the_o parishioner_n may_v displace_v he_o and_o this_o office_n be_v like_a to_o the_o office_n of_o a_o churchwarden_n who_o although_o they_o be_v choose_v for_o two_o year_n yet_o for_o cause_n they_o may_v displace_v they_o as_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o 26_o h._n 8._o 5._o and_o although_o that_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o office_n concern_v divine_a service_n yet_o the_o office_n itself_o be_v mere_a temporal_a see_v 3_o e._n 3._o annuity_n 30._o he_o who_o be_v clark_n of_o a_o parish_n be_v removable_a by_o the_o parishioner_n see_v 18_o e._n 3._o 27_o a_o gift_n in_o tail_n be_v make_v of_o the_o serjanty_n or_o clarkship_n of_o the_o church_n of_o lincoln_n and_o there_o adjudge_v that_o the_o office_n be_v temporal_a and_o shall_v not_o be_v try_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n but_o in_o the_o king_n court_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v know_v that_o the_o deprivation_n of_o a_o man_n of_o a_o temporal_a office_n or_o place_n be_v a_o temporal_a thing_n upon_o which_o no_o appeal_n lie_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25_o h._n 8._o but_o a_o assize_n as_o in_o 4_o eliz._n dyer_n 209._o the_o precedent_n of_o magdalen_n college_n in_o oxford_n be_v deprive_v of_o the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n their_o visitor_n he_o shall_v not_o have_v a_o appeal_n to_o the_o delegate_n for_o the_o deprivation_n be_v temporal_a and_o not_o spiritual_a but_o he_o may_v have_v a_o assize_n and_o therewith_o agree_v the_o book_n of_o 8_o ass_n siracses_n case_n but_o if_o a_o dean_n of_o a_o cathedral_n church_n of_o the_o patronage_n of_o the_o king_n be_v deprive_v before_o the_o commissioner_n of_o the_o king_n he_o may_v appeal_v to_o the_o delegate_n within_o the_o say_a act_n of_o 25_o h._n 8._o for_o a_o deanery_n be_v a_o spiritual_a promotion_n and_o not_o temporal_a and_o before_o

Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Text snippets containing the quad