so_o if_o a_o man_n by_o his_o will_n rickâ—ill_n give_v land_n in_o fee_n to_o his_o executor_n to_o be_v sell_v for_o performance_n of_o his_o will._n these_o before_o the_o money_n thereby_o raise_v be_v asset_n both_o for_o payment_n of_o debt_n and_o of_o legacy_n but_o if_o the_o land_n have_v be_v give_v to_o be_v sell_v only_o for_o payment_n of_o debt_n they_o shall_v only_o be_v asset_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o not_o for_o payment_n of_o legacy_n and_o so_o if_o it_o be_v express_v to_o be_v for_o payment_n of_o legacy_n singular_o this_o shall_v not_o be_v asset_n for_o debt_n as_o i_o take_v it_o for_o since_o these_o be_v not_o asset_n of_o their_o own_o nature_n 264_o but_o so_o make_v by_o the_o will_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o testator_n i_o think_v they_o can_v be_v otherwise_o nor_o far_o asset_n than_o as_o the_o testator_n have_v will_v and_o dispose_v but_o though_o land_n thus_o give_v be_v asset_n before_o the_o stat._n 21._o hen._n 8._o cap._n 5._o yet_o how_o can_v it_o be_v so_o since_o for_o the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v that_o if_o one_o will_v by_o his_o testament_n or_o last_o will_n any_o land_n etc._n etc._n to_o be_v sell_v neither_o the_o money_n thereof_o come_v nor_o the_o profit_n take_v shall_v be_v account_v as_o any_o of_o the_o good_n or_o chattel_n of_o the_o testator_n which_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o say_v that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v asset_n for_o when_o a_o executor_n deny_v himself_o to_o have_v asset_n the_o form_n of_o his_o plea_n be_v quod_fw-la nulla_fw-la habet_fw-la bona_fw-la nec_fw-la â—atalla_fw-la etc._n etc._n yet_o since_o that_o statute_n 264._o viz._n in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n 31â—_n the_o law_n be_v twice_o admit_v or_o conceive_v still_o to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o three_o of_o hen._n 6._o viz._n that_o the_o land_n devise_v to_o be_v sell_v or_o the_o money_n thereof_o come_v shall_v be_v asset_n indeed_o in_o neither_o of_o those_o book_n be_v there_o any_o mention_n of_o the_o clause_n in_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o it_o be_v possible_a that_o it_o may_v be_v forget_v as_o in_o other_o case_n sometime_o have_v happen_v but_o cast_v about_o how_o to_o reconcile_v those_o book_n with_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o not_o to_o suppose_v the_o same_o forget_v at_o both_o time_n both_o at_o the_o bar_n and_o bench_n though_o be_v but_o a_o short_a clause_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o large_a statute_n to_o other_o purpose_n it_o may_v well_o so_o have_v be_v at_o the_o last_o though_o not_o hasty_o i_o grow_v to_o conceive_v that_o the_o say_a clause_n be_v in_o a_o act_n which_o limit_v the_o fee_n of_o ordinary_n and_o their_o scribe_n according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o decease_a and_o then_o bring_v in_o this_o clause_n that_o the_o land_n will_v to_o be_v sell_v shall_v not_o be_v account_v as_o any_o of_o the_o good_n etc._n etc._n the_o parliament_n mean_v thereby_o only_o to_o exclude_v they_o to_o this_o purpose_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v account_v as_o part_v of_o the_o good_n in_o the_o valuation_n according_a to_o which_o the_o say_a fee_n be_v to_o be_v rate_v and_o though_o the_o word_n be_v general_a that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v account_v as_o any_o of_o the_o good_n etc._n etc._n yet_o be_v it_o the_o more_o probable_a that_o the_o parliament_n mean_v no_o further_a than_o as_o aforesaid_a because_o that_o clause_n after_o the_o fee_n limit_v in_o answerablenesse_n to_o the_o value_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o a_o proviso_n viz._n provide_v always_o that_o if_o the_o decease_a will_v any_o land_n to_o be_v sell_v the_o money_n nor_o profit_n shall_v not_o etc._n etc._n and_o thus_o perhaps_o it_o be_v understand_v and_o construe_v in_o the_o say_v late_a queen_n time_n though_o no_o mention_n be_v of_o any_o remembrance_n of_o that_o clause_n or_o provision_n in_o either_o of_o those_o case_n report_v by_o the_o lord_n dyer_n as_o for_o the_o three_o viz._n the_o change_n of_o thing_n out_o of_o the_o personalty_n into_o the_o realty_n and_o e_fw-la contra_fw-la i_o show_v it_o thus_o if_o a_o debt_n be_v due_a to_o the_o executor_n as_o executor_n by_o statute_n recognisance_n or_o judgement_n and_o he_o sue_v execution_n and_o have_v land_n of_o the_o debtor_n in_o extent_n now_o be_v the_o personal_a duty_n turn_v into_o a_o chattel_n real_a on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o such_o a_o estate_n by_o extent_n or_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n mortgage_v come_v to_o a_o executor_n and_o the_o debtor_n or_o mortgager_n pay_v the_o money_n due_a now_o be_v these_o real_a chattel_n turn_v into_o asset_n personal_a another_o special_a case_n of_o equity_n oppose_v law_n if_o a._n be_v bind_v to_o b._n by_o bond_n statute_n or_o recognizance_n for_o assurance_n of_o land_n b._n die_v &_o the_o land_n descend_v to_o his_o heir_n or_o be_v it_o that_o b._n sell_v the_o land_n to_o c._n and_o assign_v to_o he_o the_o bond_n statute_n etc._n etc._n yet_o must_v the_o suit_n or_o take_v out_o of_o execution_n be_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o executor_n of_o b._n and_o neither_o of_o the_o heir_n nor_o assignee_n and_o that_o which_o be_v recover_v or_o get_v in_o extent_n will_v be_v asset_n in_o law_n to_o charge_v the_o executor_n as_o i_o take_v it_o yet_o in_o equity_n it_o pertain_v to_o the_o heir_n or_o assignee_n quaere_fw-la if_o the_o executor_n meddle_v not_o but_o only_o suffer_v his_o name_n to_o be_v use_v of_o thing_n come_v to_o executor_n by_o condition_n first_o we_o will_v consider_v of_o condition_n bring_v back_o to_o executor_n good_n or_o chattel_n grant_v away_o by_o their_o testator_n touch_v which_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o if_o the_o condition_n be_v any_o other_o than_o for_o payment_n of_o money_n or_o other_o thing_n valuable_a by_o the_o testator_n diff._n or_o his_o executor_n the_o chattel_n return_v to_o the_o executor_n be_v asset_n in_o his_o hand_n as_o put_v the_o case_n a_o lease_n for_o year_n horse_n sheep_n plate_n or_o other_o chattel_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o testator_n to_o a._n upon_o condition_n that_o if_o a._n do_v not_o pay_v such_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n or_o do_v such_o other_o act_n as_o the_o testator_n appoint_v and_o this_o condition_n be_v not_o perform_v after_o the_o testator_n death_n now_o be_v the_o chattel_n come_v back_o to_o the_o executor_n and_o be_v asset_n but_o the_o question_n have_v be_v and_o perhaps_o may_v be_v where_o the_o condition_n be_v that_o the_o testator_n or_o his_o executor_n shall_v pay_v the_o money_n to_o make_v void_a the_o grantee_n and_o according_o the_o executor_n after_o the_o testator_n death_n pay_v the_o sum_n out_o of_o his_o own_o purse_n not_o have_v any_o money_n of_o the_o testator_n in_o his_o hand_n in_o this_o case_n come_v in_o question_n 7._o tempore_fw-la hen._n 7._o it_o be_v resolve_v at_o the_o last_o that_o this_o redeem_a chattel_n shall_v not_o be_v asset_n but_o be_v to_o the_o executor_n as_o his_o own_o proper_a good_n though_o at_o the_o first_o three_o judge_n be_v of_o contrary_a opinion_n viz._n that_o the_o good_n redeem_v shall_v be_v in_o the_o executor_n as_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o true_o i_o must_v confess_v that_o i_o can_v yet_o find_v good_a satisfaction_n in_o that_o book_n resolution_n except_o we_o shall_v take_v the_o case_n there_o to_o be_v such_o as_o that_o which_o be_v put_v and_o report_v by_o the_o lord_n dyer_n tempore_fw-la hen._n 8._o viz._n that_o the_o money_n pay_v for_o redemption_n be_v as_o much_o as_o the_o full_a value_n of_o the_o good_n pledge_v or_o mortgage_v or_o else_o shall_v admit_v the_o case_n to_o be_v that_o this_o redemption_n be_v not_o by_o payment_n at_o the_o day_n condition_v as_o to_o the_o first_o it_o be_v rare_a that_o any_o shall_v lend_v money_n upon_o a_o mortgage_n where_o the_o thing_n mortgage_v be_v not_o of_o better_a value_n than_o the_o money_n lend_v rare_a also_o that_o a_o executor_n shall_v take_v care_n to_o redeem_v with_o his_o own_o money_n that_o which_o shall_v yield_v no_o benefit_n or_o advantage_n to_o he_o or_o his_o testator_n let_v we_o therefore_o scan_v and_o examine_v the_o point_n since_o the_o same_o may_v come_v frequent_o in_o use_n and_o this_o we_o may_v the_o more_o decent_o do_v because_o the_o lord_n dyer_n in_o the_o margin_n of_o the_o case_n by_o he_o report_v as_o aforesaid_a say_v express_o that_o the_o say_v other_o temp_n hen._n 7._o be_v not_o at_o all_o adjudge_v himself_o have_v view_v the_o roll_n which_o he_o there_o set_v down_o and_o the_o name_n of_o the_o party_n we_o will_v therefore_o put_v the_o case_n thus_o
grand_a distress_n b_o and_o the_o executor_n appear_v thereupon_o it_o have_v be_v many_o time_n rule_v that_o when_o he_o or_o they_o appear_v upon_o the_o attatchment_n 1._o capias_fw-la or_o exigent_n 1._o answer_n must_v be_v though_o the_o rest_n appear_v not_o for_o so_o the_o word_n distress_n be_v take_v for_o all_o compulsary_a mean_n or_o enforcement_n of_o appearance_n but_o where_o the_o statute_n reach_v not_o viz._n when_o the_o process_n be_v determine_v against_o one_o or_o more_o as_o by_o outlawry_n etc._n etc._n there_o the_o rest_n must_v answer_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n b_o except_o it_o be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o husband_n and_o wife_n executor_n for_o there_o the_o wife_n can_v answer_v without_o her_o husband_n nor_o doubtless_o can_v he_o without_o she_o where_o she_o and_o not_o he_o be_v executor_n 63._o but_o where_o both_o be_v executor_n c_o there_o he_o may_v answer_v without_o she_o all_o but_o not_o she_o without_o he_o when_o executor_n as_o defendant_n have_v appear_v if_o any_o one_o of_o they_o will_v confess_v the_o action_n cottesiâ—â—e_fw-la this_o bind_v and_o conclude_v the_o rest_n but_o if_o one_o will_v plead_v one_o plea_n and_o the_o other_o another_o that_o say_v some_o shall_v be_v receive_v which_o be_v best_a for_o the_o testator_n state_n so_o where_o they_o sue_v such_o as_o will_v not_o prosecute_v shall_v be_v sever_v and_o the_o rest_n without_o they_o may_v proceed_v and_o in_o like_a manner_n where_o they_o pray_v to_o be_v receive_v to_o defend_v their_o term_n 14._o and_o one_o of_o they_o after_o make_v default_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v the_o default_n of_o all_o but_o the_o rest_n or_o he_o if_o it_o be_v but_o one_o who_o appear_v shall_v be_v receive_v to_o uphold_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o term_n three_o so_o where_o they_o plead_v a_o release_n to_o the_o testator_n or_o themselves_o one_o after_o make_v default_n this_o shall_v not_o be_v nor_o make_v a_o total_a default_n in_o the_o executor_n to_o induce_v a_o judgement_n or_o condemnation_n against_o they_o yet_o in_o truth_n each_o executor_n have_v the_o whole_a of_o the_o testator_n good_n and_o chattel_n 13._o be_v they_o real_a or_o personal_a 22._o and_o each_o may_v sell_v or_o give_v the_o whole_a one_o of_o they_o can_v give_v nor_o release_v to_o the_o other_o his_o interest_n e_o and_o if_o he_o do_v it_o be_v void_a and_o he_o who_o release_v shall_v still_o have_v as_o much_o interest_n as_o he_o to_o who_o he_o release_v because_o each_o have_v the_o whole_a before_o upon_o this_o reason_n long_o since_o where_o one_o of_o the_o two_o executor_n release_v but_o his_o part_n of_o a_o debt_n c_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o whole_a be_v discharge_v and_o so_o if_o one_o executor_n grant_v his_o part_n of_o the_o testator_n good_n all_o pass_v and_o nothing_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o other_o for_o that_o each_o have_v the_o whole_a one_o and_o there_o be_v no_o part_n or_o moiety_n between_o executor_n therefore_o also_o though_o a_o lease_n for_o a_o thousand_o year_n of_o a_o thousand_o acre_n of_o land_n come_v to_o two_o executor_n or_o more_o 22._o no_o partition_n or_o division_n can_v be_v make_v between_o they_o e_o because_o it_o be_v not_o between_o they_o as_o between_o joint_a lessee_n of_o land_n where_o each_o have_v but_o a_o moiety_n in_o interest_n though_o possession_n of_o or_o through_o the_o whole_a amid_o executor_n each_o have_v the_o whole_a d_o and_o therefore_o if_o he_o grant_v his_o part_n he_o grant_n the_o whole_a but_o one_o executor_n may_v demise_n or_o grant_v the_o moiety_n of_o the_o land_n for_o the_o whole_a term_n and_o so_o may_v the_o other_o do_v and_o this_o way_n they_o may_v settle_v in_o friend_n or_o other_o trust_v for_o they_o a_o moiety_n for_o each_o either_o in_o several_a or_o undivided_a e_o but_o one_o of_o they_o can_v make_v a_o lease_n to_o the_o other_o of_o any_o part_n for_o he_o have_v the_o whole_a nor_o can_v one_o sue_v the_o other_o as_o executor_n yet_o if_o the_o testator_n devise_v to_o one_o of_o his_o executor_n all_o his_o good_n after_o such_o debt_n and_o legaâ—ves_n satisfy_v 5._o there_o after_o those_o satisfy_v that_o executor_n may_v take_v the_o good_n and_o maintain_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o the_o other_o executor_n if_o he_o take_v they_o from_o he_o and_o consequent_o a_o action_n of_o detinue_n for_o keep_v or_o detain_v they_o but_o this_o be_v as_o legatee_n his_o own_o assent_n perfect_v the_o legacy_n the_o possession_n of_o one_o executor_n f_o be_v the_o possession_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n so_o as_o if_o one_o appear_v to_o a_o suit_n and_o the_o other_o make_v default_n in_o who_o hand_n all_o the_o good_n be_v which_o be_v not_o administer_v if_o i_o say_v here_o he_o that_o appear_v plead_v that_o he_o have_v nothing_o in_o his_o hand_n this_o shall_v be_v find_v against_o he_o for_o whatsoever_o any_o of_o the_o co-executor_n have_v 12._o he_o also_o have_v f_o and_o be_v in_o his_o possession_n and_o so_o shall_v the_o creditor_n recover_v and_o have_v judgement_n to_o be_v satisfy_v out_o of_o the_o testator_n good_n as_o in_o his_o hand_n conte_z and_o therefore_o if_o good_n be_v take_v from_o one_o 4â—_n all_o may_v maintain_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n thereupon_o for_o the_o possession_n of_o one_o be_v the_o possession_n of_o all_o but_o the_o possession_n of_o one_o shall_v not_o be_v so_o the_o possession_n of_o all_o as_o to_o charge_v the_o other_o own_o good_n whereof_o more_o elsewhere_o f_o where_o two_o executor_n be_v make_v g_o the_o one_o make_v a_o will_n and_o executor_n and_o die_v if_o the_o other_o die_v after_o intestate_a now_o shall_v not_o the_o executor_n of_o he_o who_o first_o die_v be_v executor_n to_o the_o first_o testator_n 149._o but_o he_o be_v dead_a intestate_a 45._o because_o the_o survive_a executor_n be_v so_o dead_a and_o in_o he_o the_o executorship_n be_v whole_o and_o sole_o settle_v by_o the_o death_n of_o his_o fellow_n before_o he_o so_o administration_n de_fw-fr bâ—nis_fw-la non_fw-la admin_fw-la shall_v be_v commit_v the_o executor_n or_o executor_n if_o but_o one_o so_o represent_v the_o person_n of_o his_o testator_n 97._o that_o he_o be_v in_o law_n his_o assignee_n by_o the_o very_a make_n of_o he_o executor_n h_o so_o as_o if_o one_o covenant_n to_o make_v a_o lease_n to_o i._n s._n and_o his_o assign_n by_o such_o a_o time_n ploâ—_n and_o i._o s._n die_v before_o that_o time_n and_o before_o the_o lease_n make_v now_o must_v the_o lease_n be_v make_v to_o his_o executor_n as_o his_o assign_v represent_v his_o person_n so_o also_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o pay_v to_o the_o feoffor_a or_o his_o assignee_n yet_o a_o lease_n to_o a._n and_o his_o assign_n during_o the_o life_n of_o b._n shall_v not_o go_v to_o the_o executor_n of_o a._n 80._o so_o where_o in_o a_o general_a pardon_n by_o parliament_n there_o be_v a_o exception_n of_o person_n outlaw_v after_o judgement_n a_o unto_o the_o person_n so_o outlawed_a b._n shall_v satisfy_v the_o creditor_n who_o have_v out_o law_v he_o if_o the_o outlaw_n die_v before_o this_o do_v his_o executor_n as_o represent_v his_o person_n may_v make_v satisfaction_n and_o so_o make_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o pardon_n to_o extend_v to_o his_o testator_n for_o save_v his_o good_n as_o if_o himself_o have_v satisfy_v his_o creditor_n 80._o though_o he_o leave_v he_o unsatisfied_a when_o he_o leave_v the_o world_n party_n &_o d._n they_o obiit_fw-la extremum_fw-la yet_o where_o a._n sell_v land_n to_o b._n upon_o proviso_n that_o if_o he_o pay_v â—o_o b._n his_o heir_n or_o assign_n etc._n etc._n b._n die_v a._n pay_v at_o the_o day_n to_o his_o executor_n and_o it_o be_v doubt_v that_o it_o be_v not_o good_a h_o for_o the_o word_n assignee_n can_v not_o reach_v to_o he_o be_v no_o assignee_n of_o the_o land_n 100l_n and_o where_o the_o executor_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o account_n upon_o a_o receipt_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o testator_n 97._o the_o defendant_n can_v not_o be_v admit_v to_o wage_v his_o law_n 18â—_n for_o that_o this_o be_v hold_v a_o receipt_n per_fw-la autermain_n yet_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o if_o one_o by_o bond_n or_o covenant_n tie_v himself_o to_o pay_v such_o a_o sum_n at_o such_o a_o day_n not_o mention_v his_o executor_n at_o all_o yet_o be_v the_o executor_n bind_v as_o include_v in_o the_o name_n or_o person_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o where_o the_o statute_n 23._o 201._o of_o henry_n the_o eight_o gives_z the_o write_v of_o attaint_n in_o the_o course_n there_o mention_v against_o the_o party_n that_o have_v judgement_n it_o lie_v against_o his_o executor_n if_o he_o be_v dead_a h_o but_o
and_o wife_n and_o the_o will_v prove_v with_o both_o their_o like_v in_o the_o wife_n name_n and_o examine_v what_o act_v the_o wife_n of_o herself_o be_v able_a to_o do_v and_o what_o her_o husband_n without_o she_o it_o have_v be_v conceive_v by_o many_o of_o old_a and_o by_o some_o of_o late_a that_o if_o a_o femme_fw-fr covert_n or_o marry_a woman_n executrix_fw-la release_v a_o debt_n of_o her_o testator_n or_o give_v away_o the_o good_n which_o she_o have_v as_o executor_n 13._o or_o deliver_v a_o legacy_n bequeath_v it_o be_v firm_a and_o good_a and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o her_o husband_n gift_n or_o release_n be_v of_o no_o value_n husband_n for_o that_o the_o administration_n or_o execution_n of_o the_o will_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o wife_n only_o and_o some_o have_v go_v so_o far_o as_o to_o say_v that_o she_o may_v sue_v or_o be_v sue_v without_o her_o husband_n in_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n i_o mean_v for_o in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n it_o be_v true_a the_o husband_n be_v not_o join_v with_o the_o wife_n in_o suit_n but_o the_o law_n be_v doubtless_o in_o all_o those_o point_n contrary_a as_o not_o only_o some_o opinion_n also_o be_v of_o old_a viz._n in_o the_o time_n of_o h._n 7._o but_o also_o have_v be_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n resolve_v for_o otherwise_o if_o the_o wife_n gift_n or_o release_n shall_v stand_v good_a her_o act_n may_v exceed_o endamage_v her_o husband_n and_o make_v his_o good_n liable_a to_o the_o creditor_n the_o testator_n state_n be_v waste_v by_o the_o gift_n or_o release_v of_o his_o wife_n wherefore_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o say_v late_a case_n that_o unless_o due_a payment_n be_v make_v to_o such_o woman_n covert_a executor_n their_o releases_z or_o acquittance_n be_v void_a and_o so_o also_o their_o gift_n and_o grant_n yea_o it_o be_v then_o hold_v that_o the_o husband_n of_o the_o wife_n executrix_fw-la 31._o may_v give_v good_n or_o make_v releases_z of_o debt_n at_o his_o pleasure_n but_o doubtless_o by_o marriage_n neither_o be_v the_o good_n though_o personal_a which_o the_o wife_n have_v as_o executor_n devest_v out_o of_o she_o and_o settle_v in_o her_o husband_n as_o her_o own_o good_n be_v nor_o if_o she_o die_v shall_v they_o accrue_v to_o the_o husband_n if_o no_o alteration_n be_v of_o the_o property_n but_o shall_v go_v to_o her_o executor_n or_o to_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n be_v administrator_n of_o her_o testator_n if_o she_o have_v no_o executor_n and_o so_o be_v it_o hold_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o queen_n mary_n yea_o though_o for_o any_o other_o good_n which_o the_o wife_n have_v in_o she_o own_o right_n before_o marry_v the_o husband_n alone_o without_o name_v the_o wife_n may_v maintain_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n yet_o touch_v such_o good_n as_o the_o wife_n have_v as_o executor_n the_o action_n must_v be_v bring_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o damage_n thereby_o recover_v may_v accrue_v to_o she_o as_o executor_n in_o lieu_n of_o the_o good_n administrator_n so_o also_o must_v the_o replevin_n for_o those_o good_n be_v in_o both_o their_o name_n but_o although_o the_o husband_n be_v thus_o name_v with_o the_o wife_n case_n yet_o principal_o be_v it_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o wife_n and_o therefore_o in_o such_o action_n or_o in_o debt_n by_o husband_n and_o wife_n she_o be_v executor_n if_o it_o come_v to_o trial_n by_o jury_n the_o husband_n be_v a_o alien_n case_n yet_o shall_v he_o not_o have_v trial_n per_fw-la medietatem_fw-la linguae_fw-la or_o alienigenarum_fw-la that_o be_v by_o half_a alien_n as_o in_o other_o case_n case_n where_o a_o alien_n be_v party_n to_o a_o suit_n be_v to_o be_v have_v and_o whereto_o a_o wife_n make_v executor_n power_n be_v give_v to_o sell_v land_n of_o the_o testator_n she_o may_v sell_v to_o her_o own_o husband_n as_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o 20._o where_o the_o feoffee_n it_o be_v land_n settle_v in_o use_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o fleet_n for_o that_o they_o will_v not_o execute_v a_o estate_n to_o the_o husband_n according_a to_o the_o wife_n state_n but_o of_o this_o i_o much_o marvel_n he_o since_o the_o law_n intend_v the_o wife_n so_o under_o the_o husband_n command_n and_o subjection_n that_o it_o hold_v not_o her_o disposition_n of_o land_n to_o he_o by_o will_n free_a nor_o therefore_o of_o force_n and_o how_o shall_v this_o than_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v but_o a_o partial_a sale_n yet_o volenti_fw-la non_fw-la sit_fw-la injuria_fw-la and_o he_o that_o will_v put_v such_o power_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o woman_n under_o coverture_n do_v in_o a_o manner_n subject_n it_o voluntary_o to_o the_o husband_n will_n 15._o and_o it_o have_v be_v hold_v by_o some_o that_o even_o a_o infant_n or_o femme_fw-fr covert_n conveyance_n in_o such_o case_n of_o necessity_n shall_v stand_v firm_a and_o unavoidable_a good_a because_o of_o the_o condition_n express_v or_o imply_v that_o the_o state_n shall_v be_v void_a if_o no_o such_o conveyance_n make_v touch_v infant_n and_o their_o make_n or_o be_v make_v executor_n be_v now_o to_o consider_v of_o disability_n by_o age_n for_o want_v of_o year_n in_o person_n make_v or_o be_v make_v executor_n let_v we_o first_o take_v view_n of_o the_o several_a age_n of_o man_n and_o woman_n to_o several_a purpose_n material_a in_o the_o law_n judgement_n and_o respect_n and_o first_o touch_v a_o woman_n b._n wangford_n in_o henry_n the_o six_o his_o time_n show_v and_o other_o book_n approve_v that_o she_o have_v six_o several_a age_n respect_v in_o and_o by_o the_o law_n as_o first_o the_o age_n of_o seven_o year_n for_o her_o father_n to_o have_v aid_n of_o his_o tenant_n to_o marry_v she_o next_o nine_o year_n to_o deserve_v dower_n that_o be_v that_o in_o case_n she_o be_v of_o that_o age_n at_o the_o time_n of_o her_o husband_n death_n she_o shall_v be_v endow_v but_o not_o if_o she_o be_v any_o thing_n under_o those_o year_n the_o law_n be_v physical_o inform_v that_o a_o woman_n at_o those_o year_n may_v conceive_v a_o child_n but_o not_o under_o they_o but_o of_o somewhat_o different_a opinion_n be_v as_o it_o seem_v the_o parliament_n in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n 7._o when_o it_o be_v make_v felony_n to_o have_v unlawful_a carnal_a knowledge_n of_o any_o woman_n child_n under_o the_o age_n of_o ten_o year_n it_o be_v then_o conceive_v as_o i_o think_v that_o no_o such_o can_v consent_v the_o age_n of_o twelve_o year_n be_v a_o woman_n time_n for_o assent_v or_o disassent_v to_o marriage_n in_o more_o tender_a year_n have_v for_o so_o it_o appear_v by_o divers_a book_n although_o mr._n littleton_n have_v here_o no_o distinction_n between_o male_a and_o female_a the_o age_n of_o fourteen_o year_n be_v a_o woman_n time_n to_o be_v in_o wardship_n or_o not_o so_o as_o if_o she_o be_v any_o thing_n above_o those_o year_n at_o the_o time_n of_o her_o ancestor_n death_n she_o escape_v wardship_n the_o age_n of_o sixteen_o year_n be_v her_o time_n of_o come_v out_o of_o wardship_n be_v once_o fall_v under_o it_o for_o although_o have_v she_o be_v full_a fourteen_o she_o have_v escape_v it_o yet_o not_o so_o be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o her_o ancestor_n death_n her_o wardship_n last_v till_o sixteen_o year_n except_o the_o lord_n shall_v soon_o marry_v she_o and_o last_o the_o full_a age_n of_o a_o woman_n whereby_o she_o be_v enable_v firm_o and_o unavoidable_o to_o make_v grant_n or_o conveyance_n be_v one_o and_o twenty_o year_n as_o well_o as_o for_o the_o male_a before_o which_o time_n be_v it_o that_o she_o be_v sole_a make_v a_o feoffment_n or_o other_o conveyance_n or_o be_v marry_v alien_n her_o land_n by_o fine_a and_o her_o husband_n of_o fuâ—l_a age_n join_v with_o she_o yet_o be_v it_o infirm_a and_o avoidable_a now_o of_o the_o male_a or_o man_n the_o first_o age_n material_a and_o setle_o resolve_v on_o be_v twelve_o year_n for_o at_o that_o time_n each_o male_n be_v at_o the_o leet_n to_o swear_v his_o fidelity_n to_o the_o king_n this_o woman_n do_v not_o and_o therefore_o be_v they_o never_o say_v to_o be_v outlaw_v but_o to_o be_v waive_v because_o they_o have_v not_o this_o admittance_n into_o the_o law_n which_o male_n have_v this_o have_v be_v as_o i_o think_v the_o ground_n of_o that_o speech_n that_o woman_n be_v lawless_a creature_n the_o second_o age_n of_o male_n be_v fourteen_o year_n account_v by_o the_o law_n the_o age_n of_o discretion_n especial_o material_a to_o two_o purpose_n viz._n first_o that_o if_o one_o under_o that_o age_n commit_v a_o act_n amount_v to_o felony_n yet_o be_v he_o to_o stand_v free_a
with_o he_o and_o in_o aid_n of_o he_o here_o b._n be_v a_o executor_n as_o well_o as_o a._n and_o if_o a._n refuse_v b._n alone_o may_v prove_v the_o will_n as_o executor_n notwithstanding_o it_o be_v only_o say_v that_o he_o shall_v administer_v with_o a._n and_o in_o aid_n of_o he_o thus_o many_o way_n and_o by_o divers_a word_n of_o implication_n and_o may_v be_v make_v executor_n although_o not_o express_o so_o name_v by_o the_o will._n but_o if_o a._n be_v make_v executor_n and_o b._n a_o coadjutor_n without_o more_o he_o be_v not_o by_o this_o a_o executor_n with_o a._n as_o in_o king_n h._n 6._o his_o time_n be_v hold_v nor_o have_v such_o coadjutor_n 7._o or_o a_o overseer_n any_o power_n to_o administer_v or_o intermeddle_v otherwise_o 6._o than_o to_o counsel_n 39_o persuade_v and_o advise_v yet_o i_o think_v he_o may_v and_o in_o conscience_n shall_v so_o do_v and_o if_o that_o will_v not_o prevail_v to_o rectify_v negligence_n or_o miscarriage_n in_o executor_n he_o shall_v well_o perform_v the_o trust_n repose_v in_o he_o if_o he_o complain_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n or_o court_n of_o conscience_n and_o it_o be_v reason_n as_o i_o think_v that_o so_o do_v upon_o just_a cause_n his_o charge_n be_v bear_v out_o of_o the_o testator_n state_n or_o the_o executor_n purse_n who_o otherwise_o will_v not_o be_v reform_v how_o a_o executor_n or_o his_o executorship_n may_v be_v limit_v or_o qualify_v in_o special_a manner_n different_a from_o the_o general_a now_o let_v we_o see_v how_o this_o make_n of_o a_o executor_n may_v be_v special_o qualify_v and_o first_o the_o time_n may_v be_v limit_v when_o he_o shall_v begin_v to_o be_v executor_n and_o that_o either_o certain_o or_o with_o some_o reference_n to_o contingencie_n second_o the_o creation_n may_v be_v conditional_a three_o it_o may_v be_v partial_a or_o divide_o and_o not_o entire_o as_o to_o the_o first_o plough_v one_o may_v appoint_v lo._n at._n to_o be_v his_o executor_n a_o year_n or_o more_o time_n after_o his_o death_n 115._o and_o this_o be_v good_a so_o also_o if_o a._n appoint_v b._n his_o son_n to_o be_v his_o executor_n when_o he_o shall_v come_v to_o his_o full_a age_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o die_v intestate_a again_o one_o may_v make_v and_o appoint_v the_o executor_n of_o a._n to_o he_o be_v his_o executor_n and_o than_o if_o he_o die_v before_o a._n be_v intestate_a until_o a._n die_v this_o creation_n may_v also_o be_v conditional_a and_o the_o condition_n may_v either_o be_v precedent_n or_o subsequent_a in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n h._n 6._o one_o name_v a._n and_o b._n his_o executor_n 6._o and_o if_o they_o will_v not_o take_v it_o upon_o they_o than_o c._n and_o d._n shall_v be_v his_o executor_n and_o then_o there_o a_o and_o b._n refuse_v and_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o in_o suit_n against_o the_o debtor_n of_o the_o testator_n a._n and_o b._n shall_v join_v with_o c._n and_o d._n as_o where_o four_o executor_n be_v name_v and_o two_o refuse_v and_o the_o other_o two_o prove_v the_o will_n yet_o all_o four_o must_v be_v name_v in_o suit_n against_o the_o testator_n debtor_n as_o be_v there_o admit_v but_o in_o the_o principal_a case_n it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o suit_n shall_v be_v only_o in_o the_o name_n of_o c._n and_o d._n for_o that_o the_o appoint_v of_o they_o to_o be_v executor_n if_o a._n and_o b._n refuse_v do_v imply_v that_o then_o they_o only_o shall_v be_v executor_n and_o here_o all_o four_o be_v never_o make_v nor_o intend_v to_o be_v executor_n but_o a._n and_o b._n upon_o a_o condition_n subsequent_a that_o they_o shall_v not_o refuse_v and_o c._n &_o d._n upon_o a_o condition_n precedent_n viz._n if_o a._n &_o b._n do_v refuse_v it_o be_v usual_a to_o make_v one_o or_o more_o executor_n conditional_o that_o they_o put_v in_o security_n to_o pay_v legacy_n or_o in_o general_a to_o perform_v the_o will_n nor_o be_v it_o ever_o doubt_v as_o i_o think_v but_o that_o this_o be_v good_a yet_o i_o shall_v advise_v that_o such_o condition_n be_v plain_o thus_o express_v viz._n either_o thus_o that_o if_o i._n s._n do_v put_v in_o security_n etc._n etc._n by_o such_o a_o day_n that_o then_o he_o shall_v be_v executor_n else_o not_o or_o thus_o viz._n to_o make_v he_o executor_n conditional_o that_o before_o he_o do_v administer_v funeral_n perhaps_o except_v he_o shall_v put_v in_o such_o security_n else_o perhaps_o he_o be_v executor_n till_o the_o condition_n break_v in_o that_o mean_a time_n may_v have_v dispose_v of_o all_o or_o most_o part_n of_o the_o testator_n estate_n in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n there_o be_v a_o case_n remarkable_a to_o this_o purpose_n one_o will_v case_n that_o if_o his_o wife_n suffer_v i._o s._n to_o enjoy_v blackeacre_n be_v belike_o part_v of_o her_o jointure_n for_o three_o year_n than_o she_o shall_v be_v his_o executor_n or_o else_o a._n b._n shall_v and_o the_o question_n be_v in_o the_o common_a plea_n whether_o present_o before_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o year_n she_o be_v executor_n or_o not_o till_o she_o suffer_v the_o land_n to_o be_v enjoy_v three_o year_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n but_o the_o lord_n anderson_n that_o she_o be_v present_o executor_n until_o she_o shall_v disturb_v i._o s._n etc._n etc._n for_o upon_o that_o do_v it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o executorship_n will_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o condition_n be_v transfer_v from_o the_o wife_n to_o a._n b._n but_o now_o during_o these_o three_o year_n may_v she_o have_v dispose_v of_o all_o the_o good_n of_o her_o husband_n yea_o within_o one_o of_o these_o three_o year_n and_o less_o time_n and_o then_o have_v break_v the_o condition_n and_o have_v leave_v to_o a._n b._n a_o dry_a executorship_n now_o to_o the_o three_o point_n one_o may_v divide_v his_o executor_n power_n three_o way_n 3â—_n viz._n really_n local_o b._n or_o temporal_o real_o thus_o he_o may_v make_v a._n his_o executor_n for_o his_o plate_n and_o housholdstuffe_n b._n for_o his_o sheep_n and_o cattle_n c._n for_o his_o lease_n and_o state_n by_o extent_n d._n for_o his_o debt_n due_a to_o he_o and_o so_o divide_v the_o power_n and_o administration_n of_o his_o executor_n at_o his_o pleasure_n 115_o he_o may_v divide_v they_o also_o or_o their_o power_n local_o viz._n a._n for_o his_o good_n in_o com._n buck._n b._n for_o those_o in_o com._n oxon._n and_o c._n for_o those_o in_o com._n berk._n he_o may_v also_o divide_v they_o in_o time_n viz._n his_o wife_n or_o any_o other_o person_n to_o be_v executor_n during_o her_o life_n or_o during_o the_o minority_n of_o his_o son_n or_o so_o long_a as_o she_o continue_v widow_n and_o after_o his_o son_n to_o be_v executor_n so_o of_o like_a limitation_n or_o division_n either_o for_o time_n place_n or_o thing_n wherewith_o they_o shall_v intermeddle_v nay_o doubtless_o one_o may_v be_v make_v executor_n for_o one_o particular_a thing_n only_o as_o touch_v such_o a_o statute_n or_o bond_n and_o no_o more_o and_o thereof_o good_a use_n may_v be_v make_v as_o i_o think_v thus_o many_o have_v bond_n statute_n and_o recognizance_n for_o warranty_n or_o enjoy_n of_o land_n or_o free_v or_o save_v harmless_a from_o encumbrance_n in_o general_a or_o particular_a now_o he_o which_o have_v these_o sell_v the_o land_n may_v by_o letter_n of_o attorney_n lawful_o assign_v they_o to_o the_o party_n who_o buy_v the_o land_n or_o lease_n but_o this_o notwithstanding_o the_o interest_n remain_v in_o he_o who_o sell_v and_o by_o his_o outlawry_n they_o may_v be_v forfeit_v or_o by_o he_o release_v any_o bond_n to_o the_o contrary_a notwithstanding_o and_o if_o he_o die_v the_o interest_n in_o law_n will_v be_v in_o and_o go_v to_o his_o executor_n and_o in_o their_o name_n only_a suit_n or_o execution_n may_v be_v have_v and_o maintain_v obtain_v now_o then_o if_o the_o vendor_n beside_o assignment_n make_v as_o to_o this_o statute_n recognizance_n or_o obligation_n only_o the_o vendee_fw-mi executor_n by_o this_o the_o interest_n after_o death_n of_o the_o party_n will_v be_v in_o he_o actual_o and_o real_o to_o his_o more_o safety_n since_o none_o but_o he_o can_v release_v or_o discharge_v nor_o any_o other_o name_n need_v to_o be_v use_v to_o sue_v or_o take_v benefit_n thereof_o but_o quaest_n if_o the_o vendee_fw-mi his_o heir_n and_o assign_n may_v be_v make_v executor_n so_o as_o that_o security_n shall_v go_v to_o they_o one_o after_o another_o without_o renew_v make_v of_o executor_n thus_o if_o the_o party_n make_v no_o other_o executor_n he_o die_v intestate_a as_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o estate_n and_o as_o to_o this_o specialty_n only_o shall_v have_v a_o executor_n
tenure_n of_o the_o present_a owner_n or_o by_o assignment_n from_o the_o king_n or_o other_o lord_n of_o who_o the_o tenure_n be_v be_v a_o chattel_n real_a not_o personal_a though_o it_o be_v a_o interest_n in_o the_o person_n of_o another_o but_o it_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o a_o tenure_n of_o land_n or_o other_o hereditament_n and_o be_v for_o year_n viz._n during_o the_o minority_n or_o till_o marriage_n have_v and_o so_o be_v real_a next_o a_o villain_n for_o year_n as_o by_o grant_n for_o a_o term_n from_o he_o that_o have_v the_o inheritance_n be_v a_o chattel_n real_a as_o for_o a_o apprentice_n for_o year_n it_o be_v by_o custom_n as_o i_o take_v it_o that_o he_o go_v or_o be_v derive_v to_o executor_n but_o for_o reason_n after_o show_v i_o think_v this_o interest_n be_v not_o in_o the_o realty_n but_o in_o the_o personaltie_n rather_o so_o of_o a_o debtor_n in_o execution_n for_o debt_n the_o interest_n in_o he_o or_o perhaps_o more_o proper_o in_o his_o liberty_n be_v not_o as_o i_o conceive_v for_o reason_n which_o after_o i_o shall_v express_v a_o real_a but_o a_o personal_a chattel_n the_o like_a law_n of_o a_o prisoner_n take_v in_o the_o war_n as_o for_o fish_n in_o a_o pond_n coney_n in_o a_o warren_n dear_a in_o a_o park_n pigeon_n in_o a_o dove-house_n where_o the_o testator_n have_v the_o inheritance_n or_o but_o for_o life_n in_o the_o pond_n warren_n parke_n and_o dove-house_n they_o be_v not_o chattel_n at_o all_o nor_o to_o go_v to_o the_o executor_n but_o to_o the_o heir_n with_o the_o inheritance_n if_o the_o testator_n be_v but_o a_o termer_n they_o be_v to_o go_v to_o the_o executor_n but_o as_o accessary_a chattel_n follow_v the_o state_n of_o their_o principal_n viz._n the_o warren_n parke_n dovehouse_n pond_n etc._n etc._n the_o real_a chattel_n not_o live_v be_v either_o in_o house_n or_o land_n most_o usual_o and_o that_o three_o way_n first_o by_o lease_n for_o year_n second_o by_o wardship_n of_o land_n hold_v by_o knights-service_n three_o by_o extent_n upon_o judgement_n statute_n or_o recognizance_n or_o in_o thing_n issue_v out_o of_o house_n or_o land_n as_o rent_n commons_o estover_n or_o such_o like_a but_o where_o a_o inheritor_n reserve_v a_o rent_n upon_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n this_o shall_v not_o go_v to_o the_o executor_n but_o to_o the_o heir_n with_o the_o reversion_n other_o than_o arrearage_n behind_o at_o the_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n also_o commons_o corodies_n for_o year_n advowsons_n tithe_n fair_n market_n profit_n of_o leete_n and_o such_o like_a which_o the_o testator_n have_v for_o year_n all_o which_o may_v accrue_v any_o of_o these_o way_n as_o the_o first_o be_v chattel_n and_o real_a yea_o one_o simple_a presentation_n to_o a_o church_n upon_o the_o next_o avoidance_n be_v a_o real_a and_o not_o personal_a chattel_n before_o it_o come_v to_o be_v void_a and_o what_o then_o it_o be_v we_o shall_v after_o show_v and_o the_o title_n accrue_v to_o the_o crown_n upon_o attainder_n of_o felony_n where_o the_o party_n hold_v not_o of_o the_o king_n viz._n the_o annum_fw-la diem_fw-la &_o vastum_fw-la that_o be_v 〈…〉_z power_n not_o only_o to_o take_v the_o profit_n for_o a_o year_n but_o to_o waste_v and_o demolish_v house_n and_o to_o extirpate_v and_o eradicate_v tree_n and_o wood_n be_v but_o a_o chattel_n and_o therefore_o though_o grant_v to_o one_o and_o his_o heir_n by_o the_o king_n yet_o shall_v go_v to_o the_o executor_n and_o not_o to_o the_o heir_n some_o doubtful_a or_o less_o dear_a case_n touch_v chattel_n real_a first_o where_o we_o speak_v of_o wardship_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o wardship_n by_o reason_n of_o soccage_n tenure_n for_o that_o go_v not_o to_o the_o executor_n but_o he_o shall_v be_v next_o guardian_n who_o now_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o first_o guardian_n shall_v be_v next_o of_o kinne_n if_o the_o ward_n continue_v under_o fourteen_o year_n old_a else_o he_o be_v out_o of_o wardship_n second_o if_o one_o have_v a_o â—ease_n for_o three_o life_n to_o he_o and_o his_o assign_n this_o be_v no_o chattel_n nor_o shall_v go_v to_o the_o executor_n nor_o to_o the_o heir_n but_o to_o he_o who_o first_o enter_v and_o claim_v it_o as_o a_o occupante_fw-la if_o no_o assignment_n be_v in_o the_o life_n of_o the_o lessee_n make_v contrary_o of_o a_o lease_n for_o many_o year_n if_o three_o or_o more_o or_o less_o 〈◊〉_d so_o long_o live_v this_o be_v a_o chattel_n and_o shall_v go_v to_o the_o executor_n so_o a_o extent_n upon_o a_o statute_n yet_o it_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o party_n as_o a_o freehold_a viz._n ut_fw-la liberum_fw-la tenementum_fw-la but_o that_o only_o make_v it_o to_o be_v quasi_fw-la liberum_fw-la tenemental_a as_o to_o the_o maintain_n of_o a_o assize_n if_o wrongful_o put_v out_o where_o one_o be_v seize_v in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n of_o land_n or_o other_o hereditament_n and_o be_v attaint_v of_o treason_n or_o felony_n the_o profit_n thereof_o accrue_v unto_o the_o crown_n be_v but_o a_o chattel_n 15._o and_o though_o the_o king_n grant_v it_o to_o one_o and_o his_o heir_n yet_o it_o shall_v go_v to_o his_o executor_n and_o if_o one_o have_v a_o lease_n for_o many_o year_n viz._n a_o 100_o 500_o or_o more_o or_o less_o and_o do_v devise_v and_o bequeath_v the_o same_o to_o a._n and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n and_o for_o want_v of_o such_o issue_n to_o b._n and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n and_o die_v have_v issue_n a_o son_n the_o term_n shall_v not_o go_v to_o his_o son_n but_o to_o his_o executor_n or_o administrator_n for_o it_o can_v be_v make_v a_o matter_n of_o inheritance_n so_o if_o a._n have_v die_v without_o issue_n male_a the_o term_n shall_v not_o have_v go_v or_o remain_v to_o b._n but_o to_o the_o executor_n or_o administrator_n of_o a._n as_o be_v late_o adjudge_v in_o the_o exchequer_n between_o sir_n roberâ—_n lewâ—nor_n and_o mistress_n hamond_n so_o of_o a_o advowson_n or_o any_o other_o hereditament_n grant_v or_o devise_v to_o one_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o a_o 100_o year_n or_o if_o such_o a_o termer_n grant_v a_o rent_n out_o of_o the_o land_n to_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n 37._o or_o the_o heir_n or_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n 524._o yet_o shall_v the_o same_o go_v to_o the_o executor_n and_o not_o to_o any_o heir_n for_o it_o be_v derive_v out_o of_o a_o chattel_n can_v be_v any_o freehold_a or_o inheritance_n but_o itself_o a_o mere_a chattel_n partus_fw-la sequitur_fw-la ventrem_fw-la of_o chattel_n personal_a personal_a chattel_n or_o good_n movable_a be_v also_o in_o like_a manner_n to_o be_v divide_v into_o quick_a or_o dead_a the_o quick_a be_v cattle_n of_o all_o kind_n as_o sheep_n horse_n cow_n bullock_n swine_n goat_n goose_n duck_n poultry_n etc._n etc._n there_o may_v be_v also_o in_o live_a creature_n reasonable_a a_o interest_n as_o in_o a_o chattel_n personal_a as_o in_o the_o person_n of_o a_o man_n take_v in_o execution_n for_o debt_n and_o this_o i_o hold_v to_o be_v in_o nature_n not_o a_o real_a but_o a_o personal_a chattel_n as_o before_o be_v touch_v for_o that_o debt_n be_v the_o root_n of_o it_o and_o the_o body_n be_v but_o a_o pledge_n or_o gage_n dischargeable_a instant_o upon_o payment_n release_n or_o other_o discharge_n of_o the_o debt_n like_a law_n of_o a_o prisoner_n take_v in_o the_o war_n ransom_n for_o thereof_o and_o therein_o as_o in_o a_o chattel_n have_v the_o party_n a_o legal_a interest_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o writ_n of_o trespass_n in_o the_o register_n for_o take_v away_o a_o prisoner_n viz._n quare_fw-la quendam_fw-la scotum_n prisonarium_fw-la suum_fw-la cepit_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o note_v late_o viz._n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o 8._o the_o king_n himself_o 38_o upon_o the_o win_n of_o bullen_n buy_v divers_a prisoner_n of_o his_o subject_n and_o by_o a_o statute_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o henry_n the_o 6._o his_o time_n this_o interest_n in_o a_o prisoner_n be_v mention_v as_o valuable_a and_o come_v from_o one_o king_n unto_o another_o 5._o therefore_o doubtless_o shall_v go_v from_o testator_n to_o executor_n by_o death_n and_o not_o be_v enfranchise_v or_o free_v thereby_o the_o interest_n which_o one_o have_v in_o a_o apprentice_n i_o take_v to_o be_v rather_o personal_a than_o real_a though_o for_o year_n because_o not_o spring_v cut_v of_o any_o real_a root_n as_o wardship_n and_o villeinage_n do_v but_o out_o of_o a_o mere_a contract_n as_o for_o a_o servant_n who_o master_n be_v dead_a doubtless_o he_o be_v legal_o discharge_v and_o be_v not_o servant_n either_o to_o heir_n or_o executor_n but_o meet_v and_o honest_a it_o be_v that_o one_o of_o they_o continue_v
he_o in_o service_n till_o a_o fit_a time_n of_o provide_v he_o a_o new_a master_n and_o fit_a for_o he_o not_o to_o depart_v sudden_o now_o for_o thing_n personal_a without_o life_n these_o be_v evident_a viz._n all_o householdstuffe_n implement_n and_o utensil_n money_n plate_n jewel_n corn_n pulse_n hay_o wood_n fell_v and_o sever_v from_o the_o ground_n ware_n merchandise_n cart_n plough_n coach_n saddle_n and_o such_o like_a movable_a thing_n more_o doubtful_a case_n touch_v thing_n personal_a first_o touch_v thing_n live_v 2._o if_o the_o testator_n have_v any_o tame_a pigeon_n or_o dear_a or_o coney_n or_o pheasant_n or_o partridge_n these_o all_o aswell_o as_o chicken_n shall_v go_v to_o the_o executor_n so_o though_o not_o tame_v if_o they_o be_v take_v and_o keep_v alive_a in_o any_o room_n cage_n or_o like_o receptacle_n as_o pheasant_n and_o partridge_n often_o be_v so_o fish_n in_o a_o trunk_n good_n as_o also_o young_a pigeon_n though_o not_o tame_v be_v in_o the_o dovehouse_n not_o able_a to_o fly_v out_o yet_o their_o dam_n the_o old_a one_o shall_v go_v to_o the_o heir_n with_o the_o dovehouse_n and_o if_o the_o testator_n have_v any_o reclaim_a hawk_n they_o also_o as_o chattel_n personal_a shall_v go_v to_o the_o executor_n because_o they_o be_v thing_n common_o vendible_a and_o whereas_o hound_n greyhound_n and_o spaniel_n be_v not_o so_o common_o buy_v and_o sell_v nor_o so_o ancient_o have_v be_v yet_o be_v they_o now_o grow_v to_o be_v a_o merchandise_n and_o why_o not_o for_o although_o they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n but_o thing_n of_o pleasure_n that_o hinder_v not_o but_o they_o may_v be_v valuable_a as_o well_o as_o instrument_n of_o music_n lewer_n both_o tend_v to_o delight_n and_o exhilarate_v the_o spirit_n a_o cry_n of_o hound_n have_v to_o my_o sense_n more_o spirit_n and_o vivacity_n than_o any_o other_o music_n add_v hereto_o that_o there_o may_v be_v some_o profit_n and_o advantage_n get_v by_o they_o both_o quoad_fw-la adeptionem_fw-la boni_fw-la &_o ademptionem_fw-la mali_fw-la â—eate_v the_o get_n of_o some_o good_a food_n and_o the_o preserve_n of_o other_o as_o lamb_n coney_n fish_n pultry_n by_o kill_a fox_n wild_a cat_n and_o other_o which_o destroy_v they_o and_o we_o know_v that_o money_n be_v recoverable_a in_o damage_n for_o take_v away_o such_o or_o a_o mastiff_n serve_v to_o keep_v a_o house_n so_o of_o ferret_n to_o catch_v coney_n etc._n etc._n therefore_o they_o be_v valuable_a but_o it_o may_v perhaps_o be_v object_v that_o none_o of_o these_o above_o be_v cattle_n and_o therefore_o not_o replevisable_v consequent_o no_o property_n in_o they_o for_o when_o more_o than_o one_o live_a chattel_n be_v distrain_v the_o replevin_n be_v to_o be_v by_o the_o name_n of_o averia_fw-la signify_v cattle_n for_o answer_v not_o to_o insist_v that_o one_o may_v have_v property_n in_o divers_a thing_n whereof_o no_o replevin_n lie_v as_o corn_n or_o hay_n not_o in_o sack_n nor_o cartes_n money_n not_o shut_v in_o bag_n nor_o box_n etc._n etc._n i_o further_o say_v that_o even_o the_o word_n averia_fw-la may_v be_v apply_v to_o these_o for_o so_o i_o find_v it_o to_o hen_n and_o capon_n in_o the_o book_n of_o entry_n 142._o viz._n in_o the_o writ_n of_o curia_fw-la claudenda_fw-la where_o the_o plaintiff_n complain_v of_o the_o defendant_n not_o make_v his_o mound_n per_fw-la quod_fw-la averiaipsius_fw-la a._n viz._n capone_n galinae_fw-la &_o alia_fw-la averia_fw-la ipsius_fw-la a._n that_o be_v whereby_o his_o cattle_n viz._n capon_n and_o hen_n and_o other_o his_o cattle_n come_v into_o the_o plaintiff_n house_n and_o garden_n to_o his_o damage_n 3._o etc._n etc._n and_o both_o newport_n and_o newdigate_n hold_v that_o a_o write_v of_o replevin_n lie_v of_o such_o thing_n though_o brudenell_n be_v of_o contrary_a opinion_n yet_o he_o also_o hold_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n maintainable_a for_o take_v of_o they_o and_o therefore_o admit_v a_o valuable_a property_n in_o they_o now_o come_v we_o to_o thing_n without_o life_n and_o first_o to_o those_o abroad_o in_o the_o field_n put_v the_o case_n that_o a_o man_n die_v in_o july_n before_o harvest_n i_o mean_v seize_v for_o life_n or_o in_o fee_n or_o tail_n in_o his_o own_o right_a or_o his_o wife_n or_o estate_v for_o year_n of_o land_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n be_v sow_v with_o corn_n or_o any_o manner_n of_o grain_n the_o common_a say_n be_v quicquid_fw-la plantatur_fw-la solo_fw-la solo_fw-la cedit_fw-la yet_o this_o shall_v go_v to_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o not_o to_o the_o wife_n or_o heir_n who_o shall_v have_v the_o land_n but_o hay_n grow_v viz._n grass_n ready_a to_o be_v cut_v apple_n pear_n and_o other_o fruit_n upon_o the_o tree_n shall_v go_v to_o the_o wife_n as_o also_o if_o they_o have_v be_v upon_o a_o man_n own_o land_n of_o inheritance_n they_o shall_v go_v to_o the_o heir_n though_o the_o corn_n shall_v go_v to_o the_o executor_n the_o reason_n of_o difference_n be_v because_o this_o late_a come_v not_o mere_o from_o the_o soil_n without_o the_o industry_n and_o manurance_n of_o man_n as_o the_o other_o do_v corn_n and_o i_o take_v hop_n though_o not_o sow_v if_o plant_v and_o saffron_n and_o hemp_n because_o swoon_v to_o pertain_v as_o corn_n to_o the_o executor_n all_o those_o yet_o shall_v pass_v to_o one_o to_o who_o the_o land_n be_v sell_v or_o convey_v if_o not_o except_v though_o never_o so_o near_o reap_v fell_n or_o gather_v but_o what_o if_o the_o wife_n have_v the_o lease_n for_o year_n as_o executor_n to_o some_o former_a husband_n or_o other_o friend_n effect_n and_o the_o husband_n after_o sow_v dye_n who_o then_o shall_v have_v the_o corn_n certain_o the_o corn_n shall_v go_v to_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o last_o husband_n at_o least_o so_o much_o as_o be_v more_o than_o the_o year_n value_v of_o the_o land_n or_o the_o make_n it_o up_o by_o addition_n of_o other_o thing_n 31._o for_o the_o value_n be_v to_o be_v assett_n for_o payment_n of_o debt_n and_o legacy_n put_v the_o case_n again_o that_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n be_v joynt-tenant_n of_o the_o land_n and_o then_o the_o very_a corn_n grow_v shall_v survive_v to_o she_o together_o with_o the_o land_n and_o though_o the_o husband_n sow_v it_o dy._n yet_o shall_v it_o not_o go_v to_o his_o executor_n be_v in_o consideration_n of_o thing_n grow_v on_o the_o ground_n let_v we_o not_o forget_v to_o think_v of_o tree_n sell_v by_o i._o s._n seize_v of_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o land_n to_o i._n d._n who_o die_v before_o fell_v this_o interest_n be_v a_o chattel_n which_o shall_v go_v to_o the_o executor_n and_o not_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o i._o d._n but_o some_o colour_n may_v be_v that_o these_o because_o fix_v to_o the_o soil_n and_o freehold_a be_v real_a chattel_n as_o the_o interest_n in_o land_n be_v and_o not_o personal_a so_o also_o of_o tree_n except_v by_o he_o who_o sell_v the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o land_n but_o in_o both_o case_n i_o conceive_v this_o interest_n to_o be_v personal_a and_o not_o real_a for_o that_o as_o it_o be_v a_o propriety_n of_o chattel_n in_o the_o vendee_fw-mi or_o vendor_n with_o exception_n it_o stand_v in_o consideration_n sever_v and_o abstract_v from_o the_o soil_n or_o ground_n where_o the_o tree_n grow_v though_o the_o tree_n be_v not_o actual_o sever_v by_o the_o axe_n from_o their_o mother_n earth_n but_o if_o the_o lessor_n for_o year_n or_o life_n except_o the_o tree_n 48._o these_o continue_v parcel_n of_o the_o freehold_a and_o inheritance_n and_o after_o corn_n reap_v and_o before_o the_o tithe_n set_v out_o the_o inheritor_n of_o the_o tithe_n die_v i_o think_v the_o executor_n and_o not_o the_o heir_n shall_v have_v the_o tithe_n after_o set_v out_o now_o let_v we_o come_v home_o to_o the_o testator_n house_n house_n and_o see_v in_o and_o about_o it_o some_o doubt_n what_o pertain_v to_o the_o heir_n and_o what_o to_o the_o executor_n question_n have_v be_v both_o of_o old_a and_o of_o late_a touch_v copper_n lead_n furnace_n 6._o fat_n be_v for_o dyer_n or_o brewer_n pale_n rail_n glass_n in_o window_n table_n dormants_n wainscotes_n doores_n lock_n key_n and_o such_o like_a to_o who_o these_o shall_v go_v whether_o to_o the_o heir_n or_o executor_n 26._o and_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o henry_n the_o 7._o his_o time_n a_o executor_n take_v a_o furnace_n which_o be_v set_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o house_n and_o not_o fix_v to_o any_o wall_n the_o heir_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o he_o for_o so_o do_v and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v for_o the_o heir_n viz._n that_o this_o be_v to_o go_v as_o part_v of_o the_o freehold_a and_o inheritance_n to_o the_o heir_n and_o
long_o before_o in_o edward_n the_o three_o his_o time_n 6._o it_o be_v debate_v whether_o it_o be_v waste_v in_o a_o lessee_n to_o remove_v or_o take_v away_o a_o furnace_n or_o not_o but_o i_o find_v no_o opinion_n deliver_v by_o the_o judge_n but_o in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n justice_n walines_o say_v that_o the_o lord_n dyer_n opinion_n be_v that_o where_o the_o furnace_n be_v not_o fix_v to_o the_o wall_n the_o lessee_n may_v within_o his_o termetake_v it_o away_o case_n contrary_o if_o it_o be_v fix_v to_o the_o wall_n for_o than_o it_o strengthen_v the_o house_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o may_v be_v in_o the_o one_o case_n so_o remove_v by_o the_o lessee_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o there_o as_o he_o say_v a_o chattel_n personal_a or_o movable_a so_o as_o it_o be_v attachable_a and_o there_o the_o case_n be_v that_o a_o clothier_n be_v a_o termer_n of_o a_o house_n have_v fix_v a_o copper_n to_o the_o wall_n with_o loom_n and_o prick_v necessary_a for_o his_o occupation_n a_o judgement_n be_v have_v against_o he_o the_o sheriff_n deliver_v the_o copper_n in_o execution_n as_o a_o chattel_n and_o after_o the_o lessee_n take_v it_o up_o and_o it_o be_v take_v from_o he_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o execution_n whereupon_o he_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n and_o by_o all_o the_o judge_n the_o action_n be_v mainetainable_a and_o whereas_o it_o be_v find_v by_o the_o jury_n that_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o kent_n the_o lessee_n may_v remove_v such_o a_o copper_n justice_n beaumond_n say_v that_o without_o any_o custom_n a_o lessee_n may_v so_o do_v at_o any_o time_n during_o his_o term_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v in_o the_o say_a case_n that_o the_o furnace_n be_v by_o itself_o deliver_v as_o a_o movable_a chattel_n and_o not_o as_o part_v of_o the_o house_n for_o that_o be_v not_o meddle_v withal_o nor_o at_o all_o deliver_v in_o extent_n as_o in_o the_o case_n between_o miles_n and_o prat_n where_o both_o house_n and_o copper_n be_v deliver_v upon_o a_o statute_n the_o house_n belike_o be_v hold_v upon_o such_o a_o rack_a rent_n as_o that_o the_o party_n do_v not_o desire_v to_o have_v it_o for_o he_o may_v have_v have_v the_o whole_a be_v a_o chattel_n and_o so_o have_v use_v the_o copper_n during_o the_o term_n and_o as_o touch_v all_o other_o fix_v thing_n the_o law_n be_v take_v in_o the_o say_a case_n in_o henry_n the_o 7._o his_o time_n to_o be_v all_o one_o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o furnace_n viz._n that_o they_o shall_v go_v to_o the_o heir_n save_v only_o that_o for_o glass_n in_o the_o window_n pollard_n say_v it_o be_v otherwise_o viz._n that_o that_o shall_v go_v to_o the_o executor_n which_o none_o there_o deny_v but_o since_o in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n it_o be_v otherwise_o resolve_v touch_v glass_n 64_o that_o it_o shall_v not_o go_v to_o the_o executor_n and_o the_o like_a be_v there_o say_v touch_v wainscote_n and_o so_o also_o by_o the_o lord_n ander_n in_o the_o say_a case_n of_o austin_n and_o touch_v post_n fix_v for_o that_o they_o be_v parcel_n of_o the_o freehold_a so_o also_o of_o millstone_n anvill_n doores_n key_n window_n none_o of_o these_o be_v chattel_n but_o parcel_n of_o the_o freehold_a or_o thereto_o pertain_v therefore_o not_o the_o executor_n now_o to_o come_v to_o garden_n also_o whereas_o i_o before_o lay_v down_o a_o difference_n betwixt_o thing_n sow_v â—_z or_o not_o arise_v from_o the_o earth_n without_o manure_v and_o such_o as_o grow_v of_o themselves_o it_o will_v thence_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o root_n of_o carrot_n parsnep_n turnip_n skerrit_n and_o such_o like_a coming_z and_o arise_v from_o yearly_a sow_v must_v go_v to_o the_o executor_n and_o not_o to_o the_o heir_n the_o case_n be_v so_o that_o the_o gardener_n and_o sower_n have_v the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o garden_n or_o soil_v now_o though_o in_o most_o place_n this_o can_v rare_o be_v a_o question_n of_o value_n yet_o about_o london_n and_o some_o great_a town_n it_o may_v and_o therefore_o not_o unworthy_a of_o a_o line_n or_o two_o a_o thought_n or_o two_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o case_n may_v give_v light_n touch_v right_o in_o other_o case_n and_o in_o my_o opinion_n these_o notwithstanding_o there_o be_v a_o sow_v and_o manurance_n to_o generate_v they_o and_o cause_v their_o be_v shall_v go_v to_o the_o heir_n and_o not_o to_o the_o executor_n my_o reason_n be_v for_o that_o the_o thing_n of_o profit_n be_v the_o root_n which_o be_v hide_v in_o the_o ground_n and_o i_o hold_v it_o no_o reason_n nor_o agreeable_a to_o law_n that_o the_o executor_n shall_v dig_v and_o break_v the_o soil_n and_o ground_n to_o search_v for_o her_o entrails_n he_o be_v to_o content_v himself_o with_o that_o which_o be_v above_o ground_n as_o million_o of_o all_o kind_n and_o the_o like_o who_o fruit_n be_v above_o the_o ground_n but_o as_o for_o artichok_n though_o the_o fruit_n be_v above_o the_o ground_n yet_o i_o think_v they_o have_v no_o such_o yearly_a set_n or_o manurance_n as_o shall_v sever_v they_o in_o interest_n from_o the_o soil_n therefore_o they_o shall_v go_v with_o it_o to_o the_o heir_n let_v we_o now_o consider_v of_o thing_n though_o not_o fix_v to_o yet_o usual_o keep_v in_o house_n viz._n write_n and_o evidence_n whereabout_o general_o no_o doubt_n can_v be_v but_o that_o they_o follow_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o land_n so_o as_o if_o they_o touch_v inheritance_n they_o pertain_v to_o the_o heir_n if_o but_o term_n good_n chattel_n or_o debt_n they_o pertain_v to_o the_o executor_n yea_o so_o do_v statute_n and_o bond_n in_o law_n howsoever_o otherwise_o in_o equity_n though_o they_o concern_v the_o assurance_n and_o enjoy_n of_o inheritance_n purchase_v what_o if_o a._n mortgage_n the_o inheritance_n of_o land_n to_o b._n upon_o condition_n of_o redemption_n by_o payment_n of_o 500_o pound_n to_o b._n his_o heir_n or_o executor_n and_o b._n die_v the_o deed_n be_v deliver_v into_o his_o hand_n now_o the_o heir_n not_o the_o executor_n shall_v have_v they_o for_o though_o the_o money_n may_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o executor_n yet_o mean_a time_n the_o land_n descend_v to_o the_o heir_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o debt_n to_o the_o executor_n for_o a._n may_v choose_v to_o pay_v or_o not_o put_v it_o on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o the_o land_n have_v be_v sell_v for_o 500_o pound_n not_o pay_v to_o a._n but_o a_o condition_n that_o if_o not_o pay_v to_o he_o his_o heir_n or_o executor_n by_o such_o a_o day_n then_o to_o re-enter_v and_o a._n die_v here_o be_v a_o debt_n to_o the_o executor_n and_o no_o land_n descend_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o a._n yet_o shall_v the_o heir_n have_v the_o deed_n for_o that_o a_o condition_n be_v descend_v to_o he_o question_n have_v be_v touch_v box_n and_o chest_n wherein_o the_o evidence_n concern_v inheritance_n be_v and_o although_o the_o better_a opinion_n in_o our_o book_n do_v pitch_n upon_o this_o difference_n that_o where_o they_o be_v seal_v up_o 15._o they_o shall_v pertain_v to_o the_o heir_n otherwise_o where_o not_o seal_v i_o can_v conceive_v that_o difference_n to_o be_v ground_v on_o good_a reason_n but_o rather_o think_v that_o box_n which_o have_v their_o very_a creation_n to_o be_v the_o house_n or_o habitation_n of_o deed_n shall_v as_o appertinent_a to_o they_o go_v to_o the_o heir_n whether_o seal_v or_o not_o on_o the_o other_o side_n chest_n make_v for_o other_o use_n viz._n the_o keep_n of_o nappery_n or_o apparel_n shall_v not_o as_o i_o conceive_v be_v take_v as_o appertinent_a to_o evidence_n because_o some_o be_v in_o they_o not_o for_o so_o may_v other_o thing_n also_o be_v nor_o as_o touch_v they_o can_v seal_v be_v of_o any_o effect_n but_o rather_o lock_v and_o not_o lock_v must_v make_v the_o difference_n touch_v they_o if_o any_o difference_n by_o enclosure_n of_o thing_n not_o actual_o in_o the_o testator_n but_o accrue_v to_o the_o executor_n by_o or_o after_o the_o testator_n death_n these_o be_v of_o diverse_a sort_n the_o first_o and_o chief_a whereof_o be_v thing_n get_v and_o acquire_v by_o action_n or_o suit_n second_o by_o condition_n or_o covenant_n without_o suit_n three_o by_o remainder_n of_o thing_n in_o action_n to_o speak_v first_o of_o the_o first_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o debt_n due_a to_o the_o testator_n be_v it_o by_o bond_n statute_n or_o judgement_n or_o for_o arrearage_n of_o rent_n be_v not_o asset_n to_o charge_v the_o executor_n until_o receipt_n of_o they_o and_o it_o be_v as_o clear_v that_o the_o action_n to_o recover_v these_o do_v pertain_v to_o the_o executor_n life_n and_o that_o the_o debt_n and_o damage_n recover_v
shall_v be_v assett_n to_o charge_v the_o executor_n so_o also_o of_o action_n of_o detinue_n and_o of_o covenant_n for_o any_o thing_n personal_a or_o any_o chattel_n real_a vendible_a lease_n wardship_n or_o the_o like_a but_o perhaps_o some_o will_v doubt_v of_o covenant_n touch_v inheritance_n viz._n the_o assurance_n of_o land_n or_o enjoy_v thereof_o free_a from_o this_o or_o that_o encumbrance_n or_o the_o like_a yet_o even_o in_o those_o case_n if_o the_o covenant_n be_v break_v in_o the_o testator_n life_n time_n i_o think_v clear_o the_o action_n be_v accrue_v to_o the_o executor_n for_o that_o his_o testator_n be_v to_o recover_v damage_n in_o the_o action_n of_o covenant_n for_o that_o breach_n and_o he_o be_v entitle_v to_o these_o damage_n as_o principal_a and_o not_o any_o accessary_a thing_n in_o that_o action_n the_o law_n have_v cast_v that_o action_n upon_o the_o executor_n and_o that_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o if_o waste_v be_v commit_v in_o the_o life_n of_o the_o lessor_n by_o his_o lessee_n and_o then_o the_o lessor_n die_v his_o heir_n can_v have_v no_o action_n for_o this_o waste_n viz._n because_o he_o can_v recover_v the_o treble_a damage_n as_o neither_o can_v the_o executor_n have_v it_o for_o that_o he_o can_v recover_v locum_fw-la vastatum_fw-la the_o place_n waste_v the_o inheritance_n whereof_o be_v in_o the_o heir_n 59_o that_o a_o executor_n at_o the_o common_a law_n can_v not_o maintain_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o good_n of_o his_o testator_n take_v away_o in_o his_o life_n time_n seem_v to_o be_v employ_v by_o the_o statuten_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o 5._o which_o give_v such_o action_n yet_o it_o seem_v that_o a_o replevin_n be_v mainetaineable_a by_o the_o executor_n at_o lest_o in_o some_o case_n for_o good_n take_v or_o distrayn_v in_o the_o testator_n life_n time_n but_o in_o case_n the_o distress_n be_v for_o rent_n service_n it_o be_v say_v a_o little_a after_o the_o make_n of_o that_o statute_n 106_o that_o the_o lord_n may_v not_o now_o avow_v for_o his_o rent_n or_o service_n because_o his_o tenant_n be_v dead_a but_o must_v set_v forth_o the_o matter_n and_o thereupon_o justify_v to_o excuse_v himself_o from_o answer_v damage_n and_o the_o executor_n shall_v by_o this_o action_n recover_v the_o cattle_n or_o good_n and_o that_o by_o the_o common_a law_n 〈…〉_z say_v the_o book_n though_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n have_v never_o be_v make_v for_o that_o the_o property_n remain_v in_o the_o testator_n note_v it_o speak_v not_o at_o all_o of_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o 4._o edward_n the_o 3._o contra_fw-la but_o newton_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o 6._o will_v have_v it_o that_o the_o executor_n in_o that_o case_n shall_v not_o have_v a_o replevin_n but_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n ground_v upon_o the_o say_a statute_n viz._n 4._o ed._n 3._o which_o i_o think_v can_v be_v by_o any_o mean_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n cap._n 3._o non_fw-la ideo_fw-la puniatur_fw-la dominus_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o the_o executor_n as_o well_o as_o his_o testator_n be_v thereby_o restrain_v as_o i_o think_v from_o the_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o the_o lord_n 3._o as_o for_o that_o no_o avowry_n can_v be_v make_v upon_o the_o tenant_n that_o be_v now_o remedy_v by_o a_o late_a statute_n the_o other_o statute_n have_v be_v take_v to_o extend_v to_o other_o thing_n than_o good_n movable_a for_o where_o a_o church_n become_v void_a ba._n a_o stranger_n present_v thereunto_o wrongful_o and_o the_o patron_n die_v it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n 3._o that_o the_o executor_n may_v by_o the_o equity_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n maintain_v a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la but_o whether_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n lie_v for_o a_o executor_n against_o he_o who_o spoil_v the_o testator_n corn_n grasse_n or_o wood_n grow_v have_v be_v question_v but_o no_o where_o resolve_v to_o my_o knowledge_n i_o think_v it_o may_v lie_v with_o some_o difference_n first_o for_o that_o the_o statute_n of_o 4._o edward_n the_o 3._o do_v not_o only_o speak_v of_o good_n carry_v away_o as_o limit_v the_o law_n to_o that_o trespass_n sole_o and_o particular_o supra_fw-la but_o speak_v general_o of_o trespass_n do_v to_o testator_n and_o then_o bring_v in_o that_o particular_a of_o good_n as_o one_o instance_n now_o there_o be_v many_o case_n of_o instance_n or_o ensample_n give_v in_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o yet_o do_v not_o restrain_v the_o remedy_n or_o purven_v to_o that_o particular_a or_o from_o extend_v to_o other_o case_n of_o like_a nature_n three_o the_o statute_n speak_v of_o trespass_n remain_v unpunished_a which_o it_o mean_v to_o redress_v but_o it_o shall_v still_o leave_v many_o unpunished_a if_o it_o shall_v have_v no_o large_a extent_n than_o to_o that_o one_o singular_a trespass_n of_o good_n take_v away_o viz._n moveable_n again_o the_o testator_n be_v clear_o entitle_v to_o a_o recovery_n of_o damage_n for_o this_o other_o trespass_n which_o if_o he_o have_v recover_v shall_v have_v come_v to_o his_o executor_n yea_o the_o thing_n themselves_o all_o if_o fell_v in_o the_o testator_n life_n and_o part_n though_o not_o fell_v shall_v have_v come_v to_o the_o executor_n therefore_o also_o the_o damage_n recoverable_a in_o lieu_n thereof_o out_o of_o which_o recover_v the_o debt_n and_o legacy_n of_o the_o testator_n be_v to_o be_v satisfy_v beside_o this_o action_n of_o trespass_n be_v a_o thing_n sever_v from_o the_o state_n of_o the_o land_n so_o as_o if_o the_o owner_n thereof_o have_v after_o this_o trespass_n do_v alien_v the_o land_n yet_o have_v this_o action_n remain_v to_o he_o as_o i_o take_v it_o clear_o and_o why_o not_o as_o well_o as_o where_o a_o trespass_n be_v do_v upon_o the_o land_n of_o the_o lessee_n and_o then_o the_o term_n expire_v this_o doubtless_o do_v not_o take_v away_o his_o action_n nor_o his_o executor_n but_o i_o think_v here_o may_v be_v some_o difference_n probable_o take_v as_o first_o between_o a_o trespass_n in_o destroy_v or_o take_v away_o come_v grow_v and_o a_o trespass_n in_o grass_n or_o wood_n grow_v for_o the_o first_o be_v of_o that_o nature_n as_o that_o though_o the_o owner_n have_v a_o state_n of_o inheritance_n in_o the_o land_n whereon_o it_o grow_v &_o shall_v have_v die_v before_o severance_n and_o fell_n yet_o it_o shall_v have_v go_v to_o the_o executor_n and_o not_o with_o the_o land_n to_o the_o heir_n therefore_o doubtless_o do_v the_o action_n for_o destroy_v or_o take_v away_o thereof_o accrue_v by_o the_o operation_n of_o law_n to_o the_o executor_n in_o lieu_n of_o the_o thing_n take_v or_o destroy_v otherwise_o perhaps_o of_o wood_n or_o grass_n which_o by_o the_o owner_n death_n shall_v have_v go_v to_o the_o heir_n and_o not_o to_o the_o executor_n and_o yet_o here_o again_o another_o difference_n i_o think_v may_v be_v betwixt_o grass_n and_o grass_n viz._n betwixt_o that_o in_o pasture_n and_o that_o in_o meadow_n yearly_a mow_v and_o turn_v into_o hay_n not_o lest_o to_o be_v consume_v by_o the_o mouth_n of_o beast_n as_o that_o grow_v in_o pasture_n for_o as_o the_o law_n distinguish_v between_o these_o soil_n give_v precedency_n to_o meadow_n and_o make_v it_o waste_v for_o a_o lessee_n to_o plough_n it_o up_o not_o so_o for_o pasture_n yea_o tithe_n be_v pay_v of_o hay_n but_o not_o of_o grass_n grow_v in_o pasture_n so_o the_o meadow_n grasse_n be_v in_o the_o owner_n purpose_n and_o intention_n as_o a_o thing_n sever_v from_o the_o soil_n shall_v i_o think_v so_o be_v also_o in_o the_o eye_n and_o estimation_n of_o the_o law_n and_o therefore_o stand_v in_o a_o different_a state_n and_o account_v from_o pasture_n grasse_n a_o three_o difference_n may_v be_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o trespass_n viz._n where_o the_o meadow_n grasse_n be_v eat_v up_o with_o cattle_n by_o a_o trespasser_n and_o where_o by_o he_o mow_v and_o carry_v away_o as_o hay_o for_o in_o this_o latter_a case_n a_o action_n of_o trover_n and_o conversion_n for_o so_o many_o load_n of_o hay_n be_v doubtless_o maintainable_a by_o the_o executor_n though_o it_o shall_v be_v admit_v that_o in_o the_o other_o case_n of_o consumption_n by_o the_o mouth_n of_o beast_n without_o severance_n no_o action_n shall_v be_v maintainable_a by_o the_o executor_n which_o yet_o i_o admit_v not_o but_o think_v the_o contrary_a probable_a for_o when_o meadow_n ground_n which_o yearly_a conceive_v sol_n sine_fw-la homine_fw-la generate_fw-la herbam_fw-la shall_v be_v ready_a to_o be_v deliver_v of_o her_o burden_n if_o a_o stranger_n put_v in_o a_o head_n of_o cattle_n which_o swallow_v up_o and_o tread_v down_o this_o fruit_n of_o her_o womb_n before_o the_o mower_n
with_o his_o scythe_n come_v as_o a_o midwife_n to_o help_v her_o delivery_n if_o then_o by_o the_o hasty_a death_n of_o the_o owner_n before_o action_n bring_v maintaineable_a this_o great_a trespass_n shall_v be_v dispunishable_a it_o be_v contrary_a as_o i_o think_v to_o the_o purpose_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o a_o great_a defect_n in_o the_o law_n yet_o here_o perhaps_o touch_v this_o a_o four_o difference_n may_v be_v or_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o time_n of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o owner_n viz._n where_o he_o die_v before_o time_n of_o mow_v and_o where_o not_o for_o dato_n that_o in_o the_o former_a case_n because_o if_o such_o destruction_n or_o consumption_n have_v not_o be_v yet_o the_o owner_n die_v before_o severance_n this_o shall_v not_o have_v come_v to_o the_o executor_n but_o have_v go_v with_o the_o soil_n to_o the_o heir_n that_o therefore_o the_o executor_n who_o be_v not_o damnify_v shall_v recover_v no_o damage_n yet_o in_o the_o other_o case_n the_o owner_n live_v till_o after_o hay_n time_n clear_o pass_v viz._n till_o the_o end_n of_o august_n i_o think_v now_o since_o this_o fruit_n of_o the_o meadow_n womb_n shall_v have_v be_v a_o chattel_n sever_v have_v not_o this_o trespasser_n make_v unlawful_a prevention_n therefore_o the_o executor_n to_o who_o the_o same_o shall_v have_v come_v towards_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o will_n shall_v have_v out_o of_o the_o say_a statute_n a_o action_n and_o remedy_n reach_v unto_o he_o to_o recover_v recompense_n in_o damage_n for_o this_o wrong_n do_v in_o retardationem_fw-la executionis_fw-la testamenti_fw-la a_o five_o and_o last_o difference_n may_v perhaps_o be_v in_o the_o state_n of_o the_o owner_n for_o posito_fw-la that_o where_o the_o land_n be_v his_o freehold_n or_o copyhold_n inheritance_n no_o action_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o his_o executor_n for_o wood_n or_o grass_n take_v or_o destroy_v in_o his_o life_n time_n yet_o where_o he_o be_v but_o tenant_n for_o year_n guardian_n or_o tenant_n by_o extent_n so_o as_o the_o very_a state_n in_o the_o land_n be_v to_o come_v and_o be_v come_v to_o the_o executor_n together_o with_o quicquid_fw-la plantatur_fw-la solo_fw-la i_o think_v the_o executor_n shall_v have_v together_o with_o the_o state_n in_o the_o soil_n the_o action_n to_o punish_v the_o robber_n of_o or_o trespasser_n upon_o the_o soil_n thus_o have_v scan_v and_o sift_v to_o the_o best_a of_o my_o ability_n all_o difference_n and_o circumstance_n of_o this_o point_n how_o far_o i_o be_o wide_a and_o wherein_o right_o aliorum_fw-la sit_fw-la judicium_fw-la or_o rather_o altioris_fw-la esto_fw-la judicii_fw-la but_o this_o be_v clear_a that_o wheresoever_o executor_n do_v recover_v any_o damage_n for_o trespass_n or_o other_o wrong_n a._n do_v to_o their_o testator_n the_o money_n recover_v at_o least_o if_o execution_n be_v have_v or_o money_n receive_v will_v be_v asset_n presentment_n in_o their_o hand_n as_o well_o as_o debt_n recover_v upon_o bond_n or_o bill_n or_o land_n by_o they_o take_v in_o extent_n upon_o statute_n recognizance_n or_o judgement_n release_v yea_o without_o ever_o have_v these_o money_n executor_n may_v make_v they_o asset_n in_o their_o hand_n viz._n by_o make_v release_v 9â—_n or_o acquittance_n or_o acknowledgement_n of_o satisfaction_n for_o this_o amount_v to_o a_o receipt_n and_o charge_v the_o executor_n towards_o the_o creditor_n with_o the_o whole_a penal_a sum_n though_o haply_o they_o receive_v but_o part_n as_o the_o principal_a or_o some_o like_a proportion_n therefore_o there_o be_v great_a caution_n to_o be_v use_v by_o executor_n in_o this_o kind_n that_o unless_o they_o be_v sure_a they_o have_v good_n sufficient_a to_o pay_v all_o debt_n and_o legacy_n they_o make_v no_o release_n acquittance_n or_o acknowledgement_n of_o satisfaction_n for_o more_o than_o they_o do_v receive_v be_v it_o debt_n or_o damage_n and_o the_o like_a caution_n to_o be_v use_v by_o they_o touch_v submission_n of_o debt_n or_o damage_n to_o arbitrement_n whereby_o discharge_v of_o the_o same_o may_v grow_v for_o the_o submission_n to_o the_o arbitrement_n be_v their_o voluntary_a act_n although_o the_o arbitrator_n by_o their_o judgement_n do_v discharge_v the_o debt_n or_o damage_n in_o part_n or_o in_o whole_a yet_o shall_v the_o creditor_n have_v like_a remedy_n thereupon_o against_o the_o executor_n as_o if_o they_o have_v release_v 23._o or_o which_o be_v more_o receive_v the_o same_o 4._o other_o action_n there_o be_v of_o discharge_n which_o as_o the_o testator_n himself_o in_o his_o life_n time_n may_v have_v have_v so_o may_v his_o executor_n after_o his_o death_n viz._n writ_n of_o error_n attaint_n disceyt_n audita_fw-la querela_fw-la identitate_fw-la nominis_fw-la but_o this_o last_o be_v give_v by_o statute_n whatsoever_o be_v regain_v by_o any_o of_o these_o way_n as_o undue_o lose_v by_o the_o testator_n shall_v also_o be_v asset_n special_a case_n pertinent_a to_o the_o premise_n 1._o chattel_n come_v to_o executor_n from_o the_o testator_n yet_o not_o asset_n 2._o asset_n which_o be_v no_o chattel_n 3._o thing_n in_o action_n and_o in_o the_o personalâ—y_n turn_v into_o chattel_n real_a &_o e_fw-la contra_fw-la as_o to_o the_o first_o i_o exemplify_v thus_o a._n make_v b_o his_o executor_n and_o die_v b._n make_v c._n his_o executor_n and_o die_v the_o good_n leave_v by_o a._n to_o b._n as_o executor_n far_o exceed_v his_o debt_n and_o legacy_n or_o let_v we_o suppose_v no_o debt_n nor_o legacy_n of_o a._n and_o that_o b._n die_v much_o in_o debt_n above_o the_o good_n he_o leave_v and_o do_v make_v no_o alteration_n of_o the_o property_n of_o the_o good_n of_o a._n but_o mere_o leave_v they_o to_o c._n his_o executor_n now_o shall_v not_o the_o good_n which_o come_v to_o b._n as_o executor_n of_o a._n and_o so_o from_o b._n to_o c._n be_v liable_a in_o law_n to_o pay_v the_o debt_n of_o b_o yet_o in_o conscience_n i_o think_v they_o shall_v and_o that_o c._n shall_v not_o receive_v they_o to_o his_o own_o use_n as_o in_o law_n he_o may_v where_o a._n leave_v no_o debt_n but_o if_o a._n make_v b._n executor_n do_v also_o by_o his_o will_v give_v he_o all_o his_o good_n and_o he_o in_o his_o life_n time_n make_v election_n to_o have_v they_o as_o legatee_n or_o by_o his_o will_n do_v so_o dispose_v of_o they_o or_o appoint_v they_o to_o go_v as_o the_o good_n he_o have_v as_o executor_n can_v not_o be_v give_v or_o dispose_v now_o by_o this_o election_n they_o be_v alter_v in_o property_n from_o be_v his_o as_o executor_n and_o so_o as_o his_o own_o good_n shall_v be_v liable_a to_o his_o debt_n but_o thing_n in_o action_n can_v not_o be_v so_o give_v or_o dispose_v viz._n debt_n etc._n etc._n yet_o if_o d._n be_v indebt_v to_o a._n one_o hundred_o pound_n and_o b._n his_o executor_n take_v new_a bond_n of_o he_o or_o another_o for_o it_o give_v up_o the_o old_a bond_n now_o be_v it_o become_v his_o own_o duty_n and_o so_o shall_v stand_v in_o his_o executor_n another_o instance_n of_o this_o thus_o if_o a._n patron_n of_o the_o church_n of_o d._n grant_v to_o b._n the_o next_o avoidance_n eliz._n the_o church_n become_v void_a b._n die_v before_o he_o present_v his_o executor_n present_v and_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o prefer_v his_o son_n or_o friend_n yet_o shall_v this_o make_v no_o asset_n in_o his_o hand_n for_o payment_n of_o debt_n for_o that_o he_o can_v not_o lawful_o take_v money_n to_o present_v ba._n but_o if_o b._n have_v die_v before_o the_o church_n have_v become_v void_a then_o because_o the_o executor_n may_v lawful_o have_v sell_v it_o prius_fw-la the_o value_n shall_v be_v asset_n in_o his_o hand_n as_o i_o conceive_v except_o perhaps_o the_o incumbent_n have_v die_v so_o hasty_o after_o b._n that_o the_o executor_n have_v not_o time_n convenient_a to_o find_v out_o a_o chapman_n and_o to_o sell_v it_o if_o in_o the_o other_o case_n a_o stranger_n have_v present_v and_o get_v his_o clerk_n admit_v and_o the_o executor_n of_o b._n have_v in_o a_o qua._n imp._n recover_v damage_n the_o money_n so_o recover_v shall_v have_v be_v asset_n thus_o much_o of_o the_o first_o viz._n that_o some_o thing_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o chattel_n may_v come_v to_o executor_n and_o yet_o not_o be_v asset_n touch_v the_o second_o viz._n that_o some_o thing_n may_v be_v asset_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o executor_n which_o yet_o be_v no_o chattel_n i_o shall_v give_v but_o two_o instance_n 46._o first_o where_o a_o man_n leave_v a_o villain_n for_o year_n to_o his_o executor_n and_o the_o villain_n purchase_v land_n in_o fee-simple_n heir_n and_o the_o executor_n enter_v into_o the_o land_n now_o have_v he_o fee_n simple_a therein_o and_o this_o land_n be_v asset_n for_o payment_n of_o the_o testator_n debt_n 21._o
thing_n accrue_v by_o covenant_n or_o assumption_n if_o a._n covenant_n with_o b._n to_o make_v he_o a_o lease_n of_o such_o or_o such_o land_n by_o such_o a_o day_n and_o b._n die_v before_o the_o day_n and_o before_o any_o lease_n make_v now_o must_v a._n make_v the_o lease_n to_o the_o executor_n of_o b._n and_o the_o lease_n so_o make_v to_o he_o shall_v be_v in_o he_o as_o executor_n and_o consequent_o as_o asset_n this_o be_v prove_v by_o the_o judgement_n in_o the_o case_n between_o chapman_n and_o dalton_n in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n com._n yet_o i_o confess_v that_o it_o be_v not_o express_v in_o the_o resolution_n of_o this_o case_n that_o this_o lease_n shall_v be_v asset_n but_o that_o the_o executor_n shall_v have_v the_o term_n as_o executor_n which_o imply_v as_o much_o in_o my_o understanding_n and_o the_o declaration_n whereupon_o the_o defendant_n demur_v set_v forth_o the_o breach_n of_o that_o covenant_n to_o be_v in_o retardatione_fw-la executioâ—is_fw-la testament_n so_o as_o the_o damage_n thereupon_o recover_v viz._n 300_o and_o 30._o pound_n be_v asset_n and_o consequent_o also_o shall_v the_o term_n have_v be_v in_o â—ew_a and_o recompense_v whereof_o these_o damage_n be_v give_v the_o like_a law_n if_o a._n assume_v upon_o good_a consideration_n to_o deliver_v in_o to_o b._n by_o such_o a_o day_n twenty_o quarter_n of_o malt_n or_o so_o many_o load_n of_o coal_n or_o wood_n or_o any_o other_o ware_n or_o merchandise_n and_o this_o be_v not_o perform_v in_o the_o life_n of_o b._n but_o after_o to_o his_o executor_n it_o shall_v be_v to_o he_o as_o executor_n and_o shall_v be_v asset_n in_o his_o hand_n as_o well_o as_o the_o money_n recover_v in_o damage_n for_o not_o perform_v shall_v have_v be_v of_o thing_n accrue_v by_o remainder_n or_o increase_v if_o a_o lease_n be_v make_v to_o one_o for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o his_o executor_n for_o year_n and_o he_o die_v this_o will_v be_v asset_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o executor_n though_o it_o be_v never_o in_o the_o testator_n as_o be_v in_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n resolve_v by_o three_o justice_n the_o lord_n anderson_n only_o be_v of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n and_o there_o it_o be_v say_v that_o cranmers_n case_n wherein_o the_o contrary_a in_o effect_n be_v resolve_v be_v of_o little_a authority_n for_o that_o there_o be_v first_o two_o judge_n against_o two_o till_o after_o mounson_n change_v his_o opinion_n upon_o a_o conceit_n that_o there_o the_o estate_n be_v by_o way_n of_o use_n which_o can_v make_v no_o difference_n like_o law_n where_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n be_v by_o will_n bequeath_v to_o a._n for_o life_n and_o after_o to_o b._n who_o die_v before_o a._n although_o b._n never_o have_v this_o term_n in_o he_o so_o as_o that_o he_o can_v grant_v or_o dispose_v it_o yet_o shall_v it_o rest_v in_o his_o executor_n as_o his_o good_n and_o be_v asset_n as_o for_o a_o remainder_n for_o year_n so_o in_o the_o testator_n that_o he_o may_v grant_v or_o dispose_v it_o at_o his_o pleasure_n no_o doubt_n can_v be_v thereof_o though_o the_o same_o fall_v not_o in_o possession_n to_o the_o testator_n in_o his_o life_n time_n yet_o no_o scruple_n nor_o doubt_n can_v be_v but_o that_o this_o be_v asset_n to_o the_o executor_n even_o whilst_o it_o continue_v a_o remainder_n and_o before_o it_o fall_v into_o possession_n because_o it_o be_v present_o valuable_a and_o vendible_a nor_o much_o of_o other_o nature_n to_o these_o be_v the_o case_n babington_n where_o the_o executor_n marchandize_v with_o the_o good_n of_o his_o testator_n make_v gain_v thereof_o so_o if_o the_o sheep_n or_o other_o cattle_n of_o the_o testator_n do_v breed_v viz._n bear_v lamb_n calf_n colt_n etc._n etc._n after_o the_o testator_n death_n even_o these_o which_o be_v never_o in_o the_o testator_n shall_v yet_o be_v asset_n and_o so_o the_o wool_n grow_v upon_o the_o sheep_n after_o the_o testator_n death_n but_o there_o be_v one_o case_n worth_a the_o consideration_n and_o worthy_a of_o some_o doubt_n as_o i_o think_v and_o that_o be_v this_o one_o leave_v to_o his_o executor_n a_o lease_n for_o year_n of_o land_n worth_a twenty_o pound_n by_o year_n and_o the_o executor_n keep_v this_o in_o his_o own_o hand_n one_o year_n after_o the_o testator_n death_n do_v make_v thereof_o thirty_o pound_n in_o clear_a gain_n above_o all_o charge_n now_o whether_o as_o to_o a_o creditor_n this_o whole_a thirty_o pound_n shall_v be_v asset_n or_o only_o twenty_o pound_n and_o the_o case_n simple_o thus_o put_v shall_v be_v understand_v of_o a_o occupy_v and_o manure_v without_o any_o stock_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o than_o if_o the_o executor_n do_v stock_n it_o with_o his_o own_o sheep_n or_o other_o cattle_n as_o he_o must_v have_v bear_v the_o loss_n by_o rot_n or_o death_n so_o be_v it_o reason_n that_o if_o the_o manurant_n prove_v gainful_a he_o reap_v the_o fruit_n thereof_o in_o recompense_n of_o his_o adventure_n and_o of_o his_o industry_n skill_n and_o good_a husbandry_n but_o if_o the_o testator_n stock_n of_o sheep_n and_o cattle_n be_v as_o of_o necessity_n or_o for_o the_o better_a advantage_n of_o the_o testator_n estate_n continue_v upon_o the_o lease_n land_n then_o be_v it_o reason_n that_o the_o gain_n or_o loss_n whethersoever_o of_o they_o god_n send_v do_v redound_v to_o the_o testator_n estate_n like_a law_n as_o i_o think_v if_o a_o executor_n find_v that_o he_o can_v instant_o after_o the_o testator_n death_n let_v the_o lease_n land_n near_o the_o value_n shall_v therefore_o buy_v seede-corne_n and_o hire_v the_o plow_a etc._n etc._n but_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o the_o lease_n have_v one_o entire_a valuation_n at_o the_o first_o upon_o the_o appraisement_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v first_o that_o the_o value_n upon_o the_o appraisement_n be_v not_o bind_v nor_o much_o respect_v at_o the_o common_a law_n if_o it_o be_v too_o high_a it_o shall_v not_o prejudice_v the_o executor_n if_o too_o low_a shall_v not_o advantage_v he_o but_o the_o very_a value_n find_v by_o jury_n when_o it_o come_v in_o question_n whether_o the_o executor_n have_v full_o administer_v or_o have_v asset_n or_o not_o be_v that_o which_o be_v bind_v next_o i_o say_v that_o if_o a_o long_a lease_n come_v to_o executor_n of_o land_n worth_a a_o hundred_o pound_n by_o year_n and_o no_o sale_n be_v make_v thereof_o by_o the_o space_n of_o a_o year_n or_o more_o now_o the_o term_n continue_v of_o the_o like_a value_n as_o at_o first_o it_o be_v no_o reason_n but_o this_o hundred_o pound_n raise_v the_o first_o year_n shall_v go_v towards_o the_o payment_n of_o debt_n and_o legacy_n rather_o than_o any_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v unpaid_a this_o thing_n i_o mean_v the_o knowledge_n of_o they_o be_v useful_a two_o way_n viz._n first_o to_o give_v light_n to_o executor_n to_o discern_v what_o unto_o they_o of_o right_n pertain_v next_o to_o show_v unto_o creditor_n and_o legatee_n what_o and_o how_o far_o thing_n shall_v be_v asset_n that_o be_v to_o say_v good_n to_o enable_v charge_n and_o bind_v executor_n to_o pay_v debt_n and_o legacy_n for_o whatsoever_o any_o of_o these_o way_n come_v to_o the_o executor_n from_o their_o testator_n or_o be_v recover_v by_o any_o of_o these_o action_n shall_v be_v in_o their_o hand_n assett_n the_o cost_n and_o charge_n of_o recover_v deduct_v chap._n vii_o what_o manner_n of_o interest_n a_o executor_n have_v in_o his_o testator_n good_n and_o chattel_n and_o how_o different_a from_o the_o common_a interest_n they_o or_o other_o have_v in_o their_o own_o proper_a good_n the_o interest_n which_o a_o executor_n have_v as_o executor_n in_o the_o good_n of_o his_o testator_n be_v much_o different_a from_o the_o absolute_a proper_a and_o ordinary_a interest_n which_o every_o one_o have_v in_o his_o own_o prope_fw-la good_n as_o may_v well_o appear_v in_o and_o by_o these_o point_n 1._o although_o if_o a_o stranger_n take_v away_o these_o good_n the_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o the_o executor_n be_v of_o general_a form_n 35._o quare_fw-la bona_fw-la sua_fw-la cepit_fw-la call_v they_o his_o good_n whereas_o a_o man_n outlaw_v in_o debt_n etc._n etc._n or_o convict_v or_o attaint_v of_o felony_n or_o treason_n 34._o forfeit_v all_o his_o own_o good_n yet_o these_o which_o he_o have_v as_o executor_n shall_v not_o be_v forfeit_v if_o a_o villain_n be_v make_v executor_n his_o lord_n can_v take_v these_o good_n though_o he_o may_v take_v all_o the_o villain_n own_o good_n 42._o and_o for_o take_v such_o good_n or_o for_o a_o debt_n due_a to_o the_o testator_n a_o villain_n may_v sue_v his_o lord_n nay_o if_o the_o executor_n grant_v all_o his_o good_n some_o good_a
heir_n may_v distrain_v they_o as_o damage_n fesante_n where_o the_o testator_n recover_v land_n and_o damage_n 2._o or_o a_o deed_n and_o damage_n he_o die_v before_o execution_n 6._o the_o heir_n shall_v have_v execution_n for_o the_o land_n or_o deed_n first_o and_o the_o executor_n for_o the_o damage_n but_o temp_n edward_n the_o 4._o it_o be_v say_v that_o until_o the_o heir_n sue_v a_o scir_n sac_fw-la the_o executor_n can_v sue_v execution_n for_o the_o damage_n if_o a_o creditor_n be_v make_v executor_n by_o his_o debtor_n and_o pay_v himself_o part_v out_o of_o the_o good_n he_o can_v sue_v the_o heir_n for_o the_o rest_n 4._o because_o the_o debt_n can_v be_v apportion_v but_o otherwise_o he_o may_v say_v the_o book_n yet_o quae._n if_o he_o do_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o executorship_n and_o have_v good_n sufficient_a to_o pay_v all_o if_o a_o debt_n be_v recover_v against_o one_o who_o die_v before_o execution_n sue_v 31._o leave_v good_n sufficient_a to_o satisfy_v 24_o now_o shall_v not_o the_o land_n descend_v to_o the_o heir_n be_v charge_v therewith_o nor_o by_o like_a reason_n any_o land_n convey_v after_o judgement_n see_v a_o good_a difference_n where_o land_n be_v convey_v 91._o upon_o condition_n of_o payment_n to_o the_o vend_n or_o his_o heir_n or_o assign_n 291._o and_o he_o die_v before_o the_o time_n and_o where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o vendee_fw-mi his_o heir_n or_o assign_n and_o he_o die_v in_o the_o first_o case_n payment_n shall_v be_v to_o the_o executor_n but_o not_o in_o the_o other_o what_o thing_n pertain_v to_o the_o heir_n and_o what_o to_o the_o executor_n be_v before_o show_v 4._o as_o for_o frowickes_n opinion_n that_o where_o good_n be_v mortgage_v upon_o condition_n that_o if_o the_o heir_n or_o executor_n pay_v etc._n etc._n here_o if_o the_o heir_n make_v payment_n he_o shall_v have_v the_o good_n i_o see_v not_o how_o that_o can_v be_v a_o directory_n for_o the_o follow_a chapter_n a._n all_o as_o but_o one_o represent_v the_o testator_n person_n and_o must_v join_v and_o be_v join_v in_o suit_n &_o e_fw-la contra_fw-la b._n where_o one_o alone_a must_v answer_v suit_n and_o how_o c._n when_o they_o differ_v in_o plea_n the_o best_a shall_v be_v take_v but_o one_o may_v confess_v alone_o d._n one_o aswell_o as_o all_o have_v may_v give_v assent_n or_o release_v the_o whole_a e._n one_o can_v give_v nor_o release_v to_o another_o nor_o divide_v f._n the_o possession_n of_o one_o be_v the_o possession_n of_o all_o to_o what_o purpose_n g._n if_o the_o survivor_n die_v intestate_a the_o testator_n be_v intestate_a though_o some_o other_o exec._n leave_v a_o executor_n h._n include_v in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o represent_v it_o be_v his_o assignee_n all_o one_o &_o e_fw-la contra_fw-la i._o what_o change_n by_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n touch_v proceed_n in_o suit_n k._n proceed_v to_o or_o in_o execution_n where_o without_o scire_fw-la fac_fw-la m._n whether_o the_o executor_n stand_v in_o his_o own_o quality_n or_o his_o testator_n n._n where_o one_o alone_a may_v sue_v o._n in_o suit_n for_o they_o such_o as_o will_v not_o join_v shall_v be_v sever_v and_o the_o other_a may_v sue_v and_o prosecute_v alone_o consequent_n inde_fw-la p._n death_n of_o one_o executor_n plaintiff_n or_o defendant_n where_o abate_v write_v chap._n ix_o how_o executor_n stand_v between_o themselves_o and_o in_o representation_n of_o or_o relation_n to_o the_o testator_n as_o his_o assignee_n or_o deputy_n or_o as_o the_o same_o person_n with_o he_o and_o where_o and_o to_o what_o purpose_n as_o other_o person_n first_o a_o all_o of_o they_o do_v represent_v the_o person_n of_o the_o testator_n 9_o and_o therefore_o must_v they_o all_o join_v in_o suit_n against_o other_o and_o in_o suit_n by_o other_o they_o must_v be_v all_o make_v defendant_n or_o at_o least_o so_o many_o of_o they_o as_o do_v administer_v 13._o for_o though_o the_o executor_n themselves_o must_v take_v notice_n by_o the_o will_n 21._o how_o many_o executor_n be_v and_o must_v frame_v their_o suit_n according_o 6._o creditor_n and_o stranger_n need_v not_o take_v notice_n of_o any_o more_o than_o do_v administer_v and_o execute_v the_o office_n of_o executor_n 20._o for_o this_o reason_n as_o i_o take_v it_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o 3._o where_o two_o executor_n be_v of_o a_o term_n 5._o and_o the_o reversion_n be_v grant_v by_o fine_a mention_v but_o one_o termor_n and_o thereupon_o a_o quid_fw-la juris_fw-la clamat_fw-la according_o bring_v against_o that_o one_o executor_n this_o be_v hold_v good_a enough_o though_o the_o other_o executor_n be_v not_o name_v in_o the_o suit_n belike_o because_o that_o one_o who_o indeed_o be_v the_o testator_n wife_n do_v only_o occupy_v the_o land_n and_o take_v the_o profit_n thereof_o for_o else_o since_o all_o the_o executor_n do_v represent_v the_o testator_n person_n all_o must_v have_v be_v name_v therefore_o do_v the_o judge_n resolve_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n â—86_n the_o 4._o that_o where_o a_o lessee_n for_o year_n make_v two_o executor_n and_o one_o of_o they_o be_v distrayn_v by_o the_o lord_n for_o rent_n who_o avow_v upon_o the_o lessor_n that_o executor_n shall_v have_v aid_n of_o his_o fellow_n executor_n a_o to_o the_o end_n that_o both_o may_v have_v aid_n of_o the_o lessor_n which_o one_o alone_a can_v not_o and_o upon_o this_o reason_n viz._n that_o the_o executor_n represent_v the_o person_n of_o their_o testator_n 3._o as_o one_o person_n for_o so_o speak_v the_o parliament_n it_o be_v enact_v in_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o 3._o that_o the_o executor_n though_o never_o so_o many_o shall_v have_v but_o one_o essoyne_n neither_o before_o appearance_n nor_o after_o a_o because_o their_o testator_n who_o person_n they_o represent_v can_v have_v have_v no_o more_o it_o be_v further_a also_o enact_v by_o the_o say_a statute_n that_o where_o two_o or_o three_o executor_n or_o more_o be_v they_o be_v sue_v in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n though_o all_o do_v not_o appear_v yet_o such_o one_o of_o they_o or_o more_o as_o do_v b_o or_o do_v appear_v at_o the_o grand_a distress_n 11._o shall_v answer_v alone_o without_o his_o companion_n and_o this_o statute_n have_v be_v take_v by_o equity_n in_o three_o respect_n 12._o first_o touch_v the_o person_n that_o it_o shall_v extend_v not_o to_o executor_n only_o but_o also_o to_o executor_n of_o executor_n yea_o to_o administrator_n also_o 35._o though_o the_o statute_n speak_v only_o of_o executor_n second_o 99_o touch_v the_o action_n whereas_o the_o statute_n speak_v only_o of_o the_o action_n of_o debt_n it_o be_v take_v by_o equity_n to_o extend_v to_o other_o action_n 4._o as_o the_o writ_n de_fw-fr rationabili_fw-la parâ—e_fw-la bonorum_fw-la and_o detinue_n negative_o yet_o perhaps_o this_o latter_a action_n will_v be_v say_v not_o to_o be_v maintaineable_a against_o executor_n 1._o for_o their_o testator_n act_v 4._o but_o for_o their_o own_o only_a 351._o but_o we_o yet_o be_v not_o come_v so_o far_o as_o to_o determine_v what_o be_v maintaineable_a deâ—_n but_o whether_o before_o all_o the_o executor_n do_v appear_v he_o or_o they_o which_o have_v appear_v shall_v be_v put_v to_o answer_v b_o and_o so_o to_o bring_v it_o to_o decision_n whether_o the_o action_n be_v maintaineable_a 22_o or_o not_o i_o think_v also_o that_o in_o the_o action_n of_o covenant_n 21_o and_o all_o other_o action_n against_o executor_n suit_n as_o executor_n he_o which_o appear_v must_v answer_v without_o his_o companion_n 22._o though_o the_o great_a opinion_n in_o the_o quadragesime_n be_v contrary_a touch_v the_o action_n of_o covenant_n affirmative_a but_o as_o for_o the_o sub_fw-la paena_fw-la against_o executor_n which_o be_v to_o make_v they_o to_o answer_v to_o a_o suit_n in_o equity_n 5._o that_o have_v be_v temp_n e._n 4._o take_v to_o be_v out_o of_o the_o reach_n and_o intent_n of_o the_o statute_n so_o also_o of_o the_o latitat_fw-la in_o the_o king_n bench_n as_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o same_o king_n time_n 13._o except_o all_o the_o executor_n make_v up_o the_o whole_a representative_a body_n of_o the_o testator_n be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o marshal_n b_o one_o or_o more_o of_o they_o who_o be_v there_o shall_v not_o be_v enforce_v to_o answer_v regiâ—_n and_o so_o be_v it_o also_o late_o hold_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n where_o master_n justice_n houghton_n give_v a_o excellent_a reason_n this_o case_n be_v out_o of_o the_o say_a statute_n viz._n for_o that_o this_o writ_n do_v not_o mention_v any_o debt_n nor_o name_v the_o defendant_n executor_n three_o and_o last_o that_o statute_n be_v extend_v by_o equity_n to_o other_o writ_n or_o process_n for_o where_o the_o statute_n speak_v only_o of_o the_o
shall_v account_v the_o release_n of_o he_o sever_v be_v a_o good_a discharge_n to_o the_o defendant_n as_o be_v resolve_v 48._o ed._n 3._o 14_o 15._o but_o this_o be_v not_o a_o plenary_a judgement_n for_o nothing_o be_v recover_v thereby_o but_o another_o judgement_n be_v to_o be_v have_v after_o the_o account_n which_o may_v be_v against_o the_o plaintiff_n so_o as_o this_o release_n come_v before_o any_o debt_n or_o duty_n adjudge_v what_o if_o the_o defendant_n be_v have_v in_o execution_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o executor_n who_o prosecute_v it_o and_o escape_v whether_o may_v the_o sever_a executor_n discharge_v the_o sheriff_n or_o jailor_n by_o a_o release_n i_o think_v he_o may_v not_o by_o that_o above_o it_o be_v plain_a 〈◊〉_d that_o if_o any_o one_o of_o the_o executor_n plaintiff_n die_v the_o writ_n be_v abate_v only_o where_o he_o so_o die_v be_v before_o sever_v 14._o opinion_n have_v be_v different_a as_o above_o appear_v so_o also_o be_v it_o if_o one_o of_o the_o defendant_n execntor_n die_v yea_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n creditor_n sue_v a._n b._n &_o c._n as_o execuâ—ors_n where_o only_o a_o and_o b._n be_v executor_n there_o by_o the_o death_n of_o c._n the_o writ_n abate_v or_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n p_o yet_o a._n and_o b._n as_o i_o think_v may_v have_v plead_v in_o abatement_n 34._o that_o they_o only_o be_v executor_n traverse_v that_o c._n be_v not_o executor_n but_o the_o book_n do_v not_o so_o resolve_v see_v 46._o e_o 3_o f._n 9_o 10._o as_o a._n and_o b._n above_o may_v admit_v that_o writ_n against_o they_o and_o c._n a_o so_o if_o the_o writ_n or_o suiâ—e_n have_v be_v against_o a._n only_o and_o he_o so_o admit_v it_o not_o plead_v in_o abatement_n the_o recovery_n against_o he_o alone_o be_v good_a 9_o e._n 4._o 12._o one_o that_o be_v outlawed_n or_o attaint_v in_o his_o own_o person_n 30_o may_v yet_o sue_v as_o executor_n m_o because_o this_o suit_n be_v in_o another_o right_n 69._o viz._n the_o testator_n 13._o but_o he_o that_o be_v excommunicate_a can_v proceed_v in_o suit_n as_o executor_n 15._o because_o none_o can_v converse_v with_o he_o without_o be_v excommunicate_a 25._o as_o a_o book_n say_v yet_o do_v not_o this_o excommunication_n plead_v abate_v or_o overthrow_v the_o suit_n but_o make_v that_o the_o defendant_n may_v stay_v from_o answer_v his_o suit_n until_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v absolve_v and_o discharge_v from_o his_o excommunication_n chap._n x._o of_o the_o possession_n of_o executor_n or_o their_o actual_a have_v 1._o what_o shall_v be_v say_v so_o to_o come_v to_o their_o hand_n as_o to_o charge_v they_o 2._o what_o shall_v be_v such_o a_o get_n or_o go_v from_o they_o as_o to_o excuse_v they_o we_o have_v before_o consider_v what_o thing_n shall_v come_v to_o executor_n and_o be_v come_v shall_v be_v asset_n in_o their_o hand_n now_o for_o that_o it_o be_v say_v in_o reed_n case_n that_o a_o executor_n shall_v not_o be_v charge_v with_o 5._o or_o in_o respect_n of_o any_o other_o good_n than_o those_o which_o come_v to_o his_o hand_n after_o his_o take_n upon_o he_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o executorship_n let_v we_o now_o examine_v what_o shall_v be_v say_v and_o account_v such_o a_o full_a and_o complete_a come_n to_o the_o hand_n of_o executor_n as_o shall_v make_v they_o within_o the_o reach_n and_o charge_n of_o creditor_n and_o legatee_n viz._n for_o the_o payment_n of_o debt_n and_o legacy_n as_o touch_v debt_n due_a to_o the_o testator_n it_o have_v before_o be_v show_v that_o until_o judgement_n and_o execution_n have_v they_o be_v not_o asset_n in_o the_o executor_n hand_n now_o then_o as_o touch_v other_o good_n or_o chattel_n possessory_a which_o be_v of_o two_o kind_n viz._n real_a and_o personal_a let_v we_o put_v the_o case_n thus_o the_o testator_n at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n have_v a_o flock_n of_o sheep_n in_o comberland_n corn_n in_o the_o barn_n in_o cornwall_n bullock_n in_o wales_n fat_a ox_n in_o buckâ—shâ—re_n money_n householdstuff_n and_o plate_n in_o london_n a_o lease_n for_o year_n in_o norfolk_n and_o his_o executor_n dwell_v at_o coventry_n viz._n far_o from_o all_o these_o place_n what_o kind_n of_o possession_n shall_v the_o law_n judge_v this_o executor_n to_o have_v in_o every_o of_o these_o instant_o upon_o the_o testator_n death_n and_o before_o he_o come_v where_o any_o of_o the_o thing_n be_v either_o to_o see_v or_o seize_v upon_o themâ—_n in_o all_o the_o particular_n above_o mention_v the_o law_n be_v all_o one_o except_o the_o case_n of_o the_o lease_n for_o year_n which_o if_o it_o be_v of_o land_n as_o be_v most_o usual_a then_o because_o it_o be_v a_o settle_a and_o immovable_a thing_n the_o law_n do_v not_o reach_v to_o it_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o executor_n b._n to_o put_v he_o in_o actual_a possession_n for_o possessio_fw-la est_fw-la quasi_fw-la pediâ—_n positio_fw-la until_o himself_o or_o some_o for_o he_o do_v actual_o enter_v thereupon_o nor_o indeed_o need_v the_o law_n help_v oâ—_n supply_v the_o want_n of_o actual_a possession_n in_o this_o case_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o moveable_n since_o land_n can_v be_v carry_v away_o as_o good_n may_v and_o therefore_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o purloin_v or_o imbesilment_n as_o moveable_n be_v but_o if_o the_o lease_n for_o year_n be_v of_o tithe_n the_o executor_n though_o in_o never_o so_o remote_a a_o place_n from_o they_o shall_v be_v instant_o upon_o the_o seâ—ting_n out_o thereoâ—_n in_o actual_a possession_n of_o they_o â—7_n so_o as_o he_o may_v maintain_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o any_o stranger_n which_o shall_v take_v the_o tithe_n set_v ouâ—_n 43._o though_o he_o nor_o any_o for_o he_o do_v ever_o before_o possess_v any_o of_o the_o say_a tithe_n or_o come_v near_o unto_o they_o but_o if_o the_o case_n be_v of_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n of_o a_o rectory_n consist_v not_o only_a of_o tithe_n but_o also_o of_o glebe_n land_n into_o which_o entry_n may_v be_v make_v as_o also_o livery_n of_o season_n in_o it_o than_o it_o may_v perhaps_o be_v some_o question_n whether_o such_o a_o actual_a possession_n in_o tithe_n shall_v be_v give_v by_o the_o law_n to_o a_o executor_n neglect_v to_o enter_v or_o not_o entry_v into_o the_o glebe_n land_n and_o so_o i_o leave_v the_o consideration_n of_o chattel_n real_a touch_v thing_n personal_a in_o which_o the_o executor_n have_v such_o a_o actual_a possession_n 50._o present_o upon_o the_o testator_n death_n 281._o as_o that_o he_o may_v maintain_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o any_o stranger_n take_v they_o away_o or_o spoil_v they_o 13._o though_o he_o nor_o any_o for_o he_o ever_o come_v near_o they_o 〈◊〉_d whether_o yet_o this_o shall_v be_v such_o a_o possession_n in_o the_o executor_n and_o such_o a_o come_n of_o these_o good_n to_o their_o hand_n as_o to_o charge_v they_o with_o payment_n of_o debt_n and_o legacy_n yea_o to_o make_v their_o own_o good_n liable_a instead_o of_o these_o be_v a_o point_n worthy_a of_o consideration_n and_o doubtless_o this_o thorough_o sift_v will_v prove_v a_o case_n mischievous_a whether_o way_n soever_o the_o law_n be_v take_v for_o first_o it_o must_v be_v admit_v that_o without_o the_o executor_n lay_v his_o hand_n actual_o and_o particular_o upon_o the_o good_n in_o the_o house_n or_o field_n of_o the_o testator_n whether_o the_o executor_n have_v resort_v he_o shall_v be_v say_v so_o in_o possession_n as_o to_o stand_v liable_a unto_o the_o creditor_n so_o far_o as_o they_o extend_v in_o value_n though_o after_o other_o purloin_v or_o imbesill_n they_o now_o than_o if_o distance_n of_o place_n shall_v make_v difference_n where_o shall_v be_v the_o bind_v and_o limit_v of_o that_o distance_n and_o if_o the_o executor_n may_v come_v at_o a_o stranger_n take_v or_o possess_v of_o the_o good_n it_o be_v mischievous_a to_o creditor_n on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v upon_o the_o executor_n to_o answer_v for_o all_o the_o good_n whereof_o the_o testator_n die_v possess_v it_o will_v be_v mischievous_a for_o they_o and_o deter_v they_o from_o take_v executorship_n upon_o they_o fince_n much_o purloin_v may_v be_v even_o of_o money_n jewel_n and_o good_n by_o servant_n and_o other_o about_o the_o testator_n or_o where_o these_o thing_n be_v i_o think_v therefore_o that_o if_o without_o any_o fraud_n collusion_n or_o voluntary_a connive_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o executor_n they_o be_v prevent_v by_o other_o of_o lay_v hold_n on_o the_o testator_n good_n so_o as_o that_o they_o may_v dispose_v of_o they_o especial_o if_o it_o can_v be_v know_v by_o who_o they_o be_v so_o purloin_v and_o imbesil_v or_o if_o they_o be_v person_n flee_v or_o insolvent_a that_o then_o
executor_n if_o perhaps_o benefit_n may_v accrue_v to_o he_o by_o the_o executorship_n as_o happy_o the_o discharge_n of_o a_o debt_n owe_v by_o himself_o etc._n etc._n other_o case_n there_o be_v wherein_o the_o executor_n will_v stand_v more_o clear_o discharge_v as_o if_o the_o testator_n leave_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n state_n by_o extent_n wardship_n or_o other_o good_n whereto_o he_o have_v but_o a_o defesible_a title_n and_o they_o be_v evict_v after_o his_o death_n so_o if_o he_o leave_v a_o ship_n at_o the_o sea_n with_o much_o good_n and_o merchandise_n which_o be_v drown_v in_o the_o return_n never_o arrive_v in_o safety_n so_o also_o if_o he_o leave_v a_o flock_n of_o sheep_n taint_v with_o the_o rot_n which_o die_v short_o after_o he_o in_o none_o of_o these_o three_o case_n doubtless_o shall_v the_o loss_n fall_v upon_o the_o executor_n but_o to_o put_v a_o case_n of_o more_o doubt_n what_o if_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n come_v to_o a_o executor_n subject_n to_o a_o condition_n for_o payment_n of_o rent_n or_o a_o sum_n in_o gross_a and_o the_o executor_n fail_v in_o payment_n whether_o shall_v this_o loss_n fall_v upon_o the_o executor_n to_o be_v make_v good_a to_o creditor_n or_o legatee_n out_o of_o his_o own_o substance_n or_o not_o to_o this_o i_o must_v answer_v by_o this_o distinction_n viz._n if_o the_o executor_n have_v take_v the_o profit_n of_o this_o land_n so_o long_o as_o to_o furnish_v he_o with_o money_n for_o this_o payment_n or_o if_o he_o have_v other_o good_n of_o his_o testator_n in_o his_o hand_n to_o supply_v the_o payment_n then_o be_v it_o his_o default_n that_o the_o money_n be_v not_o pay_v and_o he_o must_v bear_v the_o smart_n thereof_o otherwise_o not_o for_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o make_v payment_n out_o of_o his_o own_o good_n 〈◊〉_d yet_o be_v he_o a_o sullen_a and_o unkind_a executor_n who_o will_v not_o so_o do_v when_o as_o he_o may_v repay_v and_o satisfy_v himself_o by_o the_o profit_n thereof_o after_o like_a law_n if_o the_o executor_n suffer_v a_o bond_n of_o a_o hundred_o pound_n to_o be_v forfeit_n for_o not_o pay_v of_o fifty_o pound_n have_v sufficient_a in_o his_o hand_n so_o also_o of_o a_o recognizance_n statute_n or_o judgement_n defeazanse_v upon_o payment_n of_o a_o less_o sum_n yea_o a_o less_o doubt_n of_o all_o these_o case_n then_o of_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o lease_n for_o year_n for_o haply_o the_o executor_n have_v time_n to_o have_v sell_v the_o lease_n and_o make_v money_n thereof_o towards_o the_o payment_n of_o debt_n the_o omission_n and_o neglect_n whereof_o may_v be_v impute_v unto_o he_o as_o a_o default_n just_o occasion_v recompense_n to_o be_v by_o the_o law_n require_v from_o he_o but_o perhaps_o he_o may_v excuse_v himself_o that_o he_o can_v not_o find_v a_o chapman_n who_o will_v give_v he_o to_o the_o value_n thereof_o hereunto_o yet_o reason_n can_v easy_o reply_v that_o it_o have_v be_v much_o better_a to_o have_v sell_v it_o under_o the_o value_n then_o to_o have_v lose_v the_o whole_a value_n by_o expose_v or_o abandon_v it_o to_o a_o total_a forfeiture_n chap._n xi_o how_o far_o and_o where_o a_o executor_n have_v asset_n be_v chargeable_a or_o liable_a to_o action_n have_v consider_v what_o thing_n shall_v come_v to_o executor_n and_o be_v asset_n in_o their_o hand_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o will._n let_v we_o now_o consider_v what_o thing_n the_o executor_n be_v bind_v to_o pay_v satisfy_v or_o perform_v and_o what_o not_o where_o he_o be_v chargeable_a and_o where_o not_o this_o be_v admit_v that_o he_o have_v asset_n viz._n sufficient_a wherewith_o to_o perform_v here_o we_o will_v consider_v of_o these_o part_n 1._o of_o debt_n by_o specialty_n or_o record_n 2._o debt_n or_o duty_n by_o contract_n without_o specialty_n 3._o debt_n without_o either_o contract_n or_o specialty_n 4._o covenant_n by_o deed_n or_o specialty_n 5._o wrong_n do_v by_o the_o testator_n touch_v debt_n by_o specialty_n which_o be_v the_o most_o usual_a and_o common_a obligement_n it_o will_v not_o be_v impertinent_a to_o give_v a_o little_a light_n touch_v the_o validity_n of_o a_o specialty_n and_o the_o extent_n of_o it_o to_o executor_n the_o most_o doubt_n will_v arise_v upon_o bill_n and_o such_o write_n obligatory_a make_v not_o by_o scrivener_n nor_o clerk_n in_o common_a form_n but_o by_o other_o otherwise_o for_o haste_n or_o through_o simplicity_n thus_o long_o since_o we_o find_v a_o write_v make_v by_o a._n to_o b._n memorand_n 22._o that_o i_o have_v receive_v of_o b._n ten_o pound_n which_o i_o promise_v to_o pay_v etc._n etc._n this_o be_v seal_v and_o deliver_v be_v hold_v a_o good_a obligation_n by_o brian_n and_o catesby_n so_o if_o the_o word_n have_v be_v only_o i_o shall_v pay_v to_o b._n ten_o pound_n and_o whether_o such_o word_n or_o the_o like_a as_o covenant_n or_o grant_v to_o pay_v 166._o be_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o bill_n or_o bond_n or_o in_o a_o indenture_n or_o article_n it_o be_v a_o sufficient_a ground_n for_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n 5._o and_o though_o it_o shall_v be_v miswritten_a wigint_n for_o vigint_v or_o fiâ—teene_v for_o fifteen_o yet_o shall_v it_o be_v favourable_o construe_v and_o hold_v a_o good_a specialty_n of_o debt_n as_o have_v be_v resolve_v in_o these_o and_o like_a case_n and_o so_o also_o notwithstanding_o false_a latin_a in_o the_o obligation_n 16._o or_o the_o plural_a number_n for_o the_o singular_a number_n 8._o or_o word_n of_o repugnancy_n or_o nonsense_n yet_o if_o there_o be_v word_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o a._n 22_o be_v a_o debtor_n to_o b._n and_o it_o be_v seal_v and_o deliver_v it_o be_v a_o good_a writing_n obligatory_a yea_o though_o it_o want_v the_o word_n of_o conclusion_n 22._o viz._n in_o witness_v whereof_o as_o the_o lord_n dyer_n report_v to_o have_v be_v resolve_v although_o the_o contrary_a be_v hold_v in_o four_o several_a king_n time_n before_o as_o our_o book_n show_v 36._o now_o any_o such_o write_v obligatory_a do_v determine_v or_o drown_v any_o duty_n by_o contract_n 15._o because_o specialty_n be_v of_o a_o high_a nature_n 81._o so_o as_o if_o a._n and_o b._n do_v bargain_n with_o c._n to_o pay_v he_o a_o hundred_o prove_v for_o corn_n or_o other_o thing_n 17._o and_o after_o c._n take_v some_o such_o write_v obligatory_a 7â—_n as_o aforesaid_a of_o a._n now_o by_o this_o be_v b._n discharge_v of_o the_o debt_n because_o he_o stand_v charge_v only_o by_o the_o contract_n which_o be_v extinguish_v by_o the_o say_a specialty_n as_o for_o the_o extent_n and_o operation_n of_o these_o specialty_n annuity_n to_o and_o upon_o executor_n we_o must_v know_v that_o a_o executor_n do_v so_o represent_v the_o person_n of_o the_o testator_n 22._o and_o be_v so_o include_v in_o he_o as_o that_o every_o bond_n or_o covenant_n by_o the_o testator_n make_v for_o payment_n of_o money_n or_o the_o like_a reach_v to_o the_o executor_n although_o he_o be_v not_o name_v viz._n that_o he_o do_v not_o covenant_n for_o 22._o nor_o bind_v he_o and_o his_o executor_n by_o express_a word_n and_o yet_o the_o heir_n not_o name_v be_v not_o bind_v 18._o though_o there_o be_v never_o so_o great_a asset_n or_o land_n descend_v unto_o he_o now_o touch_v debt_n upon_o record_n much_o need_v not_o to_o be_v say_v charge_v except_o of_o those_o by_o statute_n marchant_n for_o to_o debt_n and_o damage_n already_o recover_v against_o the_o testator_n and_o to_o debt_n by_o recognizance_n the_o executor_n liablenesse_n be_v somewhat_o clear_a and_o conspicuous_a yet_o other_o inferior_a debt_n upon_o record_n may_v fit_o be_v think_v of_o as_o issue_n forfeit_v fine_n impose_v by_o justice_n at_o westmin_n or_o at_o assize_n quarter_n session_n commission_n of_o sewer_n of_o bankrupt_n by_o steward_n in_o leete_n or_o the_o like_a for_o all_o these_o be_v debt_n of_o record_n which_o executor_n stand_v charge_v withal_o so_o also_o if_o the_o testator_n be_v before_o auditor_n find_v in_o arrearage_n of_o account_n 11._o be_v a_o bailie_n 92._o or_o receiver_n for_o these_o auditor_n be_v by_o statute_n judge_n of_o record_n 103._o but_o if_o the_o account_n be_v make_v only_o before_o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o arrearage_n pertain_v or_o but_o before_o one_o auditor_n only_o it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o statute_n which_o speak_v of_o account_n before_o auditor_n in_o the_o plural_a number_n therefore_o the_o executor_n not_o chargeable_a because_o the_o testator_n may_v wage_v his_o law_n in_o those_o case_n not_o in_o the_o former_a and_o whereas_o exception_n be_v before_o make_v of_o a_o debt_n by_o statute_n marchant_n it_o be_v by_o reason_n that_o the_o lord_n bro._n tell_v we_o that_o if_o the_o conusor_n in_o that_o case_n be_v return_v dead_o
no_o remedy_n appear_v for_o the_o conusee_fw-fr to_o have_v execution_n of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o conusor_n 〈◊〉_d but_o only_o of_o his_o land_n 43_o if_o this_o shall_v be_v thus_o it_o be_v a_o very_a mischievous_a case_n for_o many_o bind_v in_o statute_n have_v no_o land_n but_o lease_n and_o good_n of_o great_a value_n and_o if_o by_o their_o death_n their_o good_n and_o chattel_n shall_v be_v set_v free_a from_o this_o statute_n and_o the_o creditor_n without_o remedy_n the_o law_n be_v very_o defective_a and_o it_o be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o strange_a in_o this_o case_n because_o the_o statute_n of_o actoâ—_n burnell_n and_o mercatoribus_fw-la seem_v to_o pitch_v principal_o upon_o good_n and_o to_o tend_v unto_o assurance_n between_o merchant_n who_o usual_o be_v not_o land_a man_n but_o that_o the_o law_n do_v give_v remedy_n in_o such_o case_n as_o well_o against_o the_o good_n as_o land_n of_o the_o decease_a conusor_n appear_v by_o the_o resolution_n of_o late_a make_v in_o what_o order_n and_o precedence_n statute_n be_v to_o be_v satisfy_v by_o executor_n as_o after_o we_o shall_v see_v of_o debt_n by_o contract_n without_o deed_n as_o lease_n paroll_n etc._n etc._n contract_n be_v of_o diverse_a kind_n and_o we_o will_v begin_v with_o those_o in_o the_o realty_n as_o most_o worthy_a if_o therefore_o one_o be_v lessee_n for_o year_n or_o for_o life_n without_o any_o indenture_n or_o deed_n as_o he_o may_v be_v and_o his_o rent_n be_v behind_o 1._o he_o die_v 342._o now_o be_v the_o executor_n liable_a to_o the_o payment_n of_o this_o rent_n without_o any_o specialty_n for_o that_o his_o testator_n if_o he_o have_v be_v sue_v in_o his_o life_n time_n 5._o can_v not_o have_v wage_v his_o law_n but_o if_o the_o lessâ—e_n for_o year_n 11._o in_o his_o life_n time_n sell_v or_o grant_v away_o his_o term_n or_o lease_n 247._o although_o he_o still_o lie_v at_o the_o stake_n for_o the_o rent_n to_o grow_v due_a after_o until_o the_o â—essor_n accept_v the_o assignee_n for_o his_o tenant_n yet_o if_o the_o lessee_n die_v his_o executor_n shall_v not_o be_v charge_v for_o any_o rent_n due_a 3â—_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o testator_n but_o what_o if_o the_o lessee_n do_v not_o alien_a or_o assign_v his_o term_n â—a_n but_o die_v thereof_o possess_v and_o the_o executor_n perceive_v the_o land_n not_o to_o be_v worth_a the_o rent_n waive_v the_o same_o yet_o the_o lessor_n will_v not_o enter_v thereinto_o nor_o intermeddle_v therewith_o whether_o may_v he_o yet_o charge_v the_o executor_n with_o the_o rent_n â—22_n during_o the_o term_n i_o answer_v that_o if_o he_o have_v asset_n that_o be_v sufficient_a for_o payment_n of_o this_o and_o other_o debt_n he_o can_v waive_n this_o lease_n but_o shall_v be_v tie_v to_o answer_v this_o rent_n though_o much_o more_o than_o the_o land_n be_v worth_a for_o the_o take_n of_o the_o lease_n be_v much_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o obligation_n to_o pay_v money_n yet_o because_o it_o be_v yearly_a executory_a the_o executor_n may_v waive_n it_o in_o case_n his_o testator_n estate_n will_v not_o supply_v and_o bear_v that_o loss_n but_o what_o if_o there_o be_v asset_n to_o bear_v this_o yearly_a loss_n for_o some_o year_n but_o not_o during_o the_o whole_a term_n i_o think_v in_o this_o case_n the_o executor_n must_v pay_v the_o rent_n so_o long_o as_o this_o asset_n will_v hold_v out_o and_o then_o must_v waive_n the_o possession_n give_v notice_n to_o the_o reversioner_n and_o this_o i_o think_v he_o may_v do_v well_o enough_o notwithstanding_o his_o occupation_n of_o the_o land_n divers_a year_n after_o the_o testator_n death_n because_o that_o be_v not_o voluntary_a but_o as_o of_o necessity_n yet_o this_o i_o leave_v as_o a_o quaere_fw-la to_o be_v well_o advise_v of_o with_o good_a counsel_n of_o contract_n personal_a where_o the_o testator_n may_v wage_v his_o law_n there_o the_o action_n lie_v not_o against_o the_o executor_n 13._o as_o have_v be_v touch_v 25._o and_o therefore_o he_o be_v not_o chargeable_a in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o a_o simple_a contract_n king_n as_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o or_o that_o to_o his_o testator_n yea_o though_o it_o be_v the_o inheritance_n of_o land_n which_o be_v sell_v so_o as_o the_o sale_n be_v without_o deed_n or_o though_o by_o deed_n yet_o if_o no_o counterpart_n be_v under_o the_o hand_n of_o he_o to_o who_o the_o sale_n be_v make_v and_o the_o custom_n of_o london_n report_v to_o the_o contrary_a viz._n that_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n shall_v be_v maintain_v against_o executor_n upon_o a_o contract_n be_v hold_v void_a at_o least_o no_o good_a plea_n against_o other_o creditor_n that_o such_o a_o debt_n be_v recover_v against_o the_o executor_n or_o pay_v by_o he_o as_o be_v towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n resolve_v demurrer_n though_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o her_o time_n it_o be_v a_o demurrer_n 16._o yea_o though_o such_o a_o debt_n grow_v for_o the_o most_o necessary_a thing_n 13._o viz._n meat_n and_o drink_v 186._o which_o bind_v even_o a_o infant_n to_o payment_n b._n yet_o will_v it_o not_o charge_v the_o executor_n of_o a_o man_n of_o full_a age_n but_o this_o be_v mean_v where_o the_o contract_n be_v only_o by_o word_n for_o where_o the_o testator_n put_v his_o seal_n to_o any_o deed_n or_o write_v make_v upon_o such_o sale_n this_o be_v more_o than_o a_o simple_a contract_n and_o take_v from_o the_o vendee_fw-mi his_o wager_n of_o law_n and_o so_o charge_v the_o executor_n 21._o but_o if_o the_o testator_n seal_v but_o unto_o a_o tail_n or_o tally_n â—_o with_o scotch_n express_v a_o deâ—t_n this_o be_v no_o such_o specialty_n as_o shall_v chaâ—ge_v executor_n yet_o in_o some_o case_n without_o any_o seal_n at_o all_o the_o executor_n be_v chargeable_a but_o although_o no_o action_n of_o debt_n lie_v against_o the_o executor_n upon_o such_o a_o simple_a contract_n yet_o may_v the_o creditor_n 4._o in_o that_o case_n maintain_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n ground_v case_n upon_o the_o assumption_n employ_v though_o not_o express_v as_o now_o stand_v resolve_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o all_o court_n at_o westminster_n though_o heretofore_o there_o have_v be_v much_o difference_n of_o opinion_n thereabouts_o and_o indeed_o thus_o the_o executor_n be_v charge_v in_o matter_n for_o a_o simple_a contract_n though_o not_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o debt_n but_o as_o for_o breach_n of_o promise_n make_v recompense_n in_o damage_n instead_o of_o the_o debt_n and_o the_o chief_a reason_n for_o it_o be_v because_o the_o testator_n can_v not_o have_v wage_v his_o law_n in_o this_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o himself_o 〈…〉_z though_o in_o debt_n he_o may_v where_o the_o testator_n retain_v servant_n in_o husbandry_n or_o otherwise_o and_o die_v there_o be_v wage_n due_a to_o these_o so_o retain_v the_o executor_n be_v liable_a to_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o the_o same_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o party_n be_v compellable_n by_o statute_n 16_o thus_o to_o serve_v and_o therefore_o the_o testator_n can_v not_o have_v wage_v his_o law_n but_o in_o case_n of_o servant_n not_o compellable_n as_o waiter_n or_o servingman_n as_o we_o call_v they_o no_o action_n of_o debt_n lie_v against_o the_o executor_n 〈◊〉_d for_o their_o wage_n contract_n though_o against_o the_o testator_n himself_o it_o do_v for_o the_o contract_n be_v sufficient_a to_o charge_v he_o who_o make_v it_o see_v of_o account_n after_o where_o executor_n shall_v be_v charge_v without_o either_o contract_n or_o specialâ—y_n where_o a_o prisoner_n owe_v money_n to_o a_o jailor_n 4._o or_o keeper_n of_o prison_n for_o his_o diet_n b._n or_o victual_n and_o die_v his_o executor_n shall_v be_v chargeable_a for_o this_o debt_n because_o it_o be_v for_o the_o common_a wealth_n to_o have_v prisoner_n keep_v which_o can_v be_v without_o afford_v they_o victual_n a._n also_o also_o where_o one_o have_v a_o patent_n or_o tally_n of_o the_o exchequer_n to_o receive_v money_n of_o some_o customer_n receiver_n or_o other_o officer_n of_o the_o crown_n b._n and_o deliver_v it_o to_o he_o he_o then_o have_v money_n of_o the_o king_n in_o his_o hand_n 17._o if_o he_o pay_v not_o the_o same_o 9_o but_o die_v hamper_n his_o executor_n shall_v stand_v chargeable_a with_o the_o payment_n thereof_o 25._o so_o for_o arrearage_n of_o account_n before_o auditor_n if_o more_o than_o one_o but_o this_o be_v debt_n of_o record_n in_o law_n so_o if_o any_o lord_n of_o free_a tenant_n do_v levy_v aid_n of_o they_o for_o the_o marriage_n of_o his_o elder_a daughter_n 83._o and_o he_o die_v before_o she_o be_v marry_v 〈…〉_z she_o may_v recover_v this_o money_n by_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o his_o executor_n but_o
this_o be_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o statute_n there_o be_v a_o precedent_n in_o the_o book_n of_o entry_n of_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o the_o executor_n of_o a_o heir_n b._n by_o which_o it_o seem_v that_o a_o man_n bind_v himself_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o leave_v asset_n the_o heir_n take_v the_o profit_n become_v so_o a_o debtor_n that_o his_o executor_n shall_v be_v charge_v a._n and_o in_o the_o register_n there_o be_v a_o writ_n against_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o guardian_n of_o the_o spiritualty_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n for_o the_o debt_n of_o b._n who_o die_v intestate_a and_o who_o good_n come_v to_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o say_a guardian_n viz._n the_o dean_n of_o york_n in_o allowance_n whereof_o there_o be_v a_o note_n add_v of_o the_o like_a writ_n 2._o bring_v in_o k._n r._n 2._o his_o time_n and_o that_o then_o a_o precedent_n be_v allege_v of_o such_o a_o writ_n in_o king_n ed._n 2._o his_o time_n against_o the_o executor_n of_o a_o ordinary_a and_o that_o they_o be_v enforce_v to_o answer_v unto_o it_o so_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o trew_n 77._o in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o but_o ald._n oppose_v he_o shire_n also_o the_o rationabile_fw-la parte_fw-la bonorum_fw-la by_o custom_n in_o some_o place_n be_v maintaineable_a for_o the_o wife_n and_o child_n against_o the_o executor_n but_o no_o action_n of_o account_n lie_v against_o executor_n except_o for_o the_o king_n more_o hereof_o tit_n wrong_n of_o covenant_n charge_v executor_n we_o have_v already_o touch_v upon_o covenant_n in_o part_n viz._n where_o they_o be_v express_o for_o payment_n of_o money_n show_v they_o to_o be_v in_o law_n bond_n that_o be_v write_n obligatory_a whereupon_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n may_v be_v bring_v eliz._n as_o well_o as_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n though_o the_o word_n of_o the_o deed_n bear_v the_o sound_n and_o phrase_n of_o a_o covenant_n yet_o in_o some_o case_n no_o action_n of_o debt_n lie_v upon_o a_o covenant_n to_o pay_v money_n as_o if_o a._n covenant_n that_o his_o executor_n shall_v within_o a_o year_n or_o such_o a_o time_n after_o his_o death_n pay_v ten_o pound_n to_o b._n now_o for_o that_o no_o action_n of_o debt_n be_v maintaineable_a against_o a._n himself_o it_o lie_v not_o against_o his_o executor_n but_o only_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n as_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n case_n so_o if_o the_o covenant_n be_v conditional_a as_o thus_o that_o if_o c._n do_v not_o pay_v to_o b._n ten_o pound_n than_o a._n will_v pay_v it_o and_o so_o also_o perhaps_o if_o the_o covenant_n be_v in_o the_o distinctive_a viz._n to_o do_v such_o a_o act_n or_o to_o pay_v ten_o pound_n now_o if_o the_o act_n be_v not_o do_v yet_o no_o action_n of_o debt_n lie_v for_o the_o money_n but_o only_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n but_o now_o let_v we_o come_v to_o the_o case_n of_o mere_a covenant_n 1st_a and_o see_v which_o of_o they_o will_v charge_v a_o executor_n and_o which_o not_o if_o a_o lessee_n for_o year_n covenant_n to_o repair_v the_o building_n or_o to_o pay_v the_o quitrent_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o land_n let_v there_o be_v little_a doubt_n but_o the_o executor_n to_o who_o the_o term_n come_v must_v as_o well_o as_o his_o testator_n perform_v that_o covenant_n although_o he_o do_v not_o covenant_n for_o he_o and_o his_o executor_n and_o yet_o of_o these_o case_n doubt_n have_v be_v and_o touch_v the_o latter_a viz._n of_o pay_v quitrent_n marg_n divers_a justice_n in_o queen_n mary_n time_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n so_o personal_a that_o it_o die_v with_o the_o person_n and_o do_v not_o charge_v the_o executor_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o contrary_a opinion_n express_v in_o the_o book_n and_o since_o that_o time_n reg_fw-la viz._n towards_o the_o end_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n in_o the_o action_n of_o covenant_n between_o the_o dean_n and_o canon_n of_o windsor_n and_o hide_v touch_v reparation_n at_o the_o first_o much_o opinion_n be_v that_o only_o the_o person_n covenant_v be_v tie_v to_o this_o performance_n but_o after_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o that_o covenant_n do_v run_v with_o the_o estate_n 24._o and_o so_o both_o executor_n and_o assignee_n bind_v to_o performance_n but_o in_o that_o case_n it_o be_v say_v by_o popham_n chief_a justice_n eliz._n that_o if_o the_o covenant_n have_v be_v to_o do_v a_o collatterall_n act_n neither_o the_o executor_n nor_o the_o assignee_n have_v be_v tie_v thereby_o and_o therefore_o where_o a_o lessee_n for_o year_n covenant_n within_o such_o a_o time_n to_o build_v a_o new_a house_n upon_o the_o land_n and_o die_v before_o that_o time_n expire_v i_o doubt_v whether_o the_o executor_n be_v bind_v to_o perform_v this_o or_o not_o although_o it_o do_v concern_v the_o land_n let_v so_o as_o perhaps_o the_o rent_n or_o fine_a be_v the_o less_o in_o respect_n of_o this_o charge_n of_o new_a structure_n or_o building_n which_o be_v a_o great_a reason_n that_o the_o executor_n though_o not_o name_v shall_v be_v tie_v to_o the_o performance_n but_o if_o the_o covenant_n have_v be_v to_o build_v a_o house_n elsewhere_o then_o upon_o the_o land_n let_v or_o to_o do_v any_o other_o collateral_a thing_n not_o pertinent_a to_o the_o land_n lâ—t_n it_o be_v clear_v the_o executor_n be_v name_v to_o perform_v it_o and_o yet_o in_o those_o case_n if_o there_o be_v a_o breach_n or_o non-performance_n in_o the_o teâ—stators_n life_n time_n as_o that_o the_o time_n of_o performance_n be_v expire_v before_o his_o death_n than_o it_o be_v clear_v the_o executor_n be_v bind_v to_o yield_v recompense_n by_o way_n of_o damage_n recoverable_a opinion_n in_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n as_o both_o shelley_n and_o fâ—tzherbert_n agree_v and_o so_o also_o do_v the_o lord_n popham_n agree_v in_o the_o say_a case_n of_o hide_n as_o i_o find_v in_o my_o own_o report_n of_o that_o case_n though_o in_o the_o lord_n cook_n report_v only_o the_o point_n in_o question_n that_o be_v not_o mention_v now_o let_v we_o consider_v of_o the_o case_n where_o there_o be_v no_o express_a covenant_n at_o all_o so_o much_o as_o for_o the_o lessor_n himself_o but_o only_o a_o covenant_n employ_v or_o covenant_n in_o law_n as_o we_o call_v it_o as_o if_o lessee_n for_o life_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n and_o die_v within_o the_o term_n so_o as_o the_o lessee_n be_v evict_v by_o he_o in_o reversion_n 〈…〉_z or_o remainder_n in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n by_o three_o justice_n viz._n walsh_n browne_n and_o dyer_n that_o by_o this_o covenant_n in_o law_n the_o executor_n be_v not_o chargeable_a and_o in_o the_o same_o case_n the_o lord_n dyer_n set_v down_o another_o resolution_n after_o to_o the_o same_o effect_n but_o master_n serjeant_n bendloes_n report_v this_o latter_a case_n to_o be_v of_o a_o lease_n make_v by_o tenant_n in_o tail_n viz._n before_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o henry_n 8._o or_o not_o warrantable_a by_o it_o set_v down_o the_o opinion_n contrary_o wâ—ndsor_n viz._n that_o the_o action_n be_v mainetaineable_a against_o the_o executor_n this_o may_v serve_v for_o instance_n the_o like_o be_v in_o any_o other_o case_n where_o the_o lessor_n have_v not_o a_o good_a and_o a_o firm_a title_n but_o perhaps_o subject_a to_o a_o condition_n or_o other_o eviction_n so_o as_o the_o lessee_n can_v enjoy_v the_o land_n according_a to_o his_o lease_n but_o this_o must_v be_v so_o understand_v that_o no_o eviction_n or_o breach_n of_o covenant_n be_v in_o the_o life_n of_o the_o testator_n himself_o for_o if_o that_o be_v there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o the_o executor_n stand_v chargeable_a and_o therefore_o if_o one_o make_v a_o lease_n of_o land_n by_o deed_n wherein_o he_o have_v nothing_o this_o covenant_n be_v perhaps_o present_o break_v and_o though_o the_o lessor_n die_v before_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n bring_v it_o will_v be_v mainetaineable_a against_o his_o executor_n though_o no_o express_a covenant_n this_o be_v useful_a to_o be_v know_v though_o in_o these_o day_n there_o be_v few_o lease_n so_o make_v without_o express_a covenant_n and_o the_o executor_n also_o name_v and_o where_o there_o be_v a_o special_a covenant_n in_o express_a word_n case_n it_o do_v qualify_v the_o covenant_n employ_v so_o as_o although_o word_n of_o demise_n and_o grant_n tie_v the_o lessor_n to_o a_o general_a warranty_n of_o the_o title_n against_o all_o man_n yet_o it_o be_v after_o covenant_v that_o the_o lessee_n shall_v enjoy_v against_o the_o lessor_n and_o his_o heir_n or_o against_o all_o claim_n under_o he_o or_o his_o ancestor_n now_o no_o eviction_n by_o or_o under_o any_o other_o title_n give_v cause_n of_o action_n or_o
to_o the_o one_o and_o by_o quick_a confession_n of_o the_o other_o action_n b._n for_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v against_o his_o will_n to_o stand_v out_o in_o suit_n and_o expend_v cost_n where_o the_o debt_n be_v clear_a nor_o be_v this_o coviâ—e_n but_o lawful_a discretion_n which_o conscience_n will_v also_o approve_v some_o good_a consideration_n induce_v nay_o after_o suit_n commense_v yet_o until_o the_o executor_n have_v notice_n thereof_o he_o may_v pay_v any_o other_o creditor_n and_o then_o plead_v that_o he_o have_v full_o administer_v before_o notice_n nor_o be_v the_o sheriff_n return_v of_o summons_n or_o distress_n sufficient_a cause_n of_o notice_n for_o the_o summons_n may_v perhaps_o be_v upon_o his_o land_n but_o if_o it_o be_v to_o his_o person_n it_o be_v notice_n sufficient_a and_o then_o to_o save_v himself_o he_o must_v say_v that_o he_o be_v not_o summon_v till_o such_o a_o day_n before_o which_o he_o have_v full_o administer_v yet_o doubtless_o the_o executor_n may_v be_v arrest_v at_o the_o creditor_n suit_n in_o some_o sort_n which_o yet_o shall_v be_v no_o sufficient_a notice_n of_o this_o debt_n as_o for_o the_o purpose_n if_o he_o be_v sue_v by_o latitat_fw-la out_o of_o the_o king_n bench_n this_o suppose_v a_o trespass_n give_v no_o notice_n of_o a_o debt_n so_o also_o of_o a_o subpoena_fw-la out_o of_o the_o exchequer_n but_o the_o original_n returnable_a in_o the_o common_a plea_n express_v the_o debt_n and_o so_o in_o some_o sort_n do_v the_o process_n thereupon_o and_o therefore_o it_o seem_v by_o some_o book_n eliz._n that_o if_o it_o be_v lay_v in_o the_o same_o county_n where_o the_o executor_n dwell_v he_o must_v take_v notice_n of_o it_o at_o his_o own_o peril_n but_o this_o i_o take_v not_o to_o be_v law_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o great_a opinion_n that_o way_n and_o although_o to_o make_v it_o more_o clear_a the_o executor_n in_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o his_o time_n estrang_v himself_o from_o notice_n of_o the_o suit_n before_o payment_n to_o other_o do_v allege_v that_o the_o action_n be_v lay_v in_o a_o foreign_a country_n that_o be_v no_o great_a proof_n that_o if_o his_o abode_n have_v be_v in_o the_o county_n where_o the_o action_n be_v bring_v he_o must_v have_v take_v notice_n but_o thus_o it_o be_v clear_a and_o a_o little_a surplusage_n hurt_v not_o now_o between_o a_o debt_n by_o obligation_n and_o a_o debt_n for_o rent_n or_o damage_n upon_o a_o covenant_n break_v i_o conceive_v no_o difference_n nor_o any_o priority_n or_o precedency_n but_o it_o be_v as_o the_o executor_n discretion_n to_o pay_v first_o which_o he_o will_v as_o if_o all_o be_v by_o bond_n so_o also_o of_o rent_n behind_o and_o unpaid_a as_o i_o conceive_v but_o touch_v they_o principal_o intend_v rent_n upon_o lease_n for_o year_n divers_a consideration_n be_v to_o be_v have_v and_o some_o distinction_n to_o be_v make_v as_o first_o between_o rent_n behind_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o testator_n death_n of_o which_o that_o before_o say_v be_v to_o be_v understand_v and_o that_o which_o grow_v behind_o after_o next_o between_o suit_n for_o the_o rent_n by_o action_n of_o debt_n and_o by_o distress_n and_o avoury_a as_o to_o the_o first_o difference_n if_o the_o rent_n grow_v due_a since_o the_o testator_n death_n then_o be_v it_o not_o account_v in_o law_n the_o testator_n debt_n for_o only_o so_o much_o be_v in_o law_n account_v asset_n to_o the_o executor_n as_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o lease_n amount_v to_o over_o and_o above_o the_o rent_n so_o as_o for_o that_o rent_n so_o behind_o the_o executor_n himself_o stand_v debtor_n as_o have_v be_v resolve_v and_o therefore_o he_o be_v suable_a in_o the_o debet_fw-la and_o detinet_fw-la whereas_o for_o rend_v behind_o in_o the_o testator_n life_n and_o all_o other_o the_o debt_n of_o his_o testator_n he_o must_v be_v sue_v in_o the_o detinet_fw-la only_o hence_o it_o must_v follow_v as_o it_o seem_v that_o a_o executor_n sue_v for_o debt_n upon_o bond_n or_o bill_n can_v except_o in_o some_o special_a case_n plead_v a_o payment_n or_o recovery_n of_o rent_n grow_v due_a since_o his_o testator_n death_n though_o of_o rend_v behind_o at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n it_o be_v otherwise_o and_o yet_o here_o again_o another_o difference_n or_o distinction_n be_v to_o be_v take_v viz._n where_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o lease_n exceed_v the_o rent_n and_o where_o the_o rent_n be_v great_a than_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o the_o profit_n for_o even_o there_o as_o else_o where_o be_v show_v the_o executor_n if_o he_o have_v asset_n be_v tie_v to_o the_o hold_v of_o the_o lease_n and_o payment_n of_o the_o rent_n and_o consequent_o do_v so_o much_o of_o that_o rent_n as_o exceed_v the_o yearly_a profit_n stand_v in_o equal_a degree_n the_o testator_n debt_n with_o other_o debt_n by_o specialty_n and_o yet_o again_o to_o reconsider_v this_o point_n what_o if_o the_o debt_n of_o the_o testator_n by_o speciality_n payable_a present_o at_o his_o death_n or_o before_o the_o time_n that_o any_o rent_n can_v grow_v due_a upon_o this_o lease_n shall_v amount_v to_o the_o full_a value_n of_o the_o testator_n good_n may_v not_o then_o the_o executor_n though_o he_o do_v not_o pay_v those_o debt_n before_o the_o rend_a day_n for_o that_o will_v make_v the_o case_n clear_a waive_n the_o term_n for_o if_o he_o may_v then_o happy_o iâ—_n he_o do_v not_o so_o but_o shall_v by_o payment_n of_o any_o of_o this_o rent_n want_v good_n to_o pay_v any_o part_n of_o the_o debt_n by_o speciality_n it_o may_v lie_v upon_o himself_o and_o his_o own_o good_n as_o happen_v by_o his_o own_o default_n but_o on_o the_o one_o side_n it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o he_o can_v not_o waive_n it_o so_o long_o as_o he_o have_v asset_n because_o thereby_o he_o stand_v equal_o liable_a to_o pay_v that_o debt_n be_v once_o due_a as_o the_o other_o debt_n by_o specialty_n on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o though_o the_o debt_n for_o rent_n and_o upon_o bond_n shall_v be_v admit_v to_o be_v in_o nature_n equal_a yet_o the_o case_n be_v put_v of_o rend_v not_o due_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o testator_n death_n it_o be_v not_o then_o a_o debt_n nor_o duty_n whereas_o a_o bond_n make_v a_o present_a debt_n and_o duty_n though_o not_o present_o payable_a the_o day_n of_o payment_n be_v not_o yet_o come_v so_o as_o this_o latter_a be_v discharge_v by_o a_o release_n of_o debt_n or_o duty_n and_o so_o be_v not_o the_o former_a so_o to_o leave_v that_o point_n unresolved_a let_v we_o next_o see_v whether_o in_o some_o case_n though_o the_o rent_n exceed_v not_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o the_o land_n yet_o even_o that_o payable_a after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n may_v not_o stand_v in_o most_o part_n if_o not_o whole_o upon_o the_o testator_n score_v as_o his_o debt_n as_o well_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v payable_a before_o his_o death_n posito_fw-la then_o that_o the_o whole_a or_o half_a year_n rend_v be_v payable_a at_o the_o annunciation_n of_o our_o lady_n and_o that_o the_o testator_n die_v two_o or_o three_o day_n or_o some_o like_a short_a time_n before_o that_o feast_n now_o certain_o shall_v the_o law_n be_v unreasonable_a if_o it_o shall_v lay_v this_o debt_n upon_o the_o executor_n shoulder_n in_o respect_n of_o those_o few_o winter_n day_n profit_n which_o he_o take_v but_o sure_o since_o the_o take_n of_o the_o profit_n induce_v the_o law_n to_o lay_v the_o rent_n upon_o the_o executor_n as_o his_o own_o debt_n therefore_o as_o where_o the_o executor_n have_v the_o profit_n for_o the_o whole_a year_n or_o half_a year_n except_o some_o few_o day_n incur_v in_o the_o testator_n life_n time_n those_o few_o day_n will_v be_v unregarded_a according_a to_o the_o rule_n de_fw-fr minimis_fw-la non_fw-la curate_n lex_fw-la &_o the_o whole_a rent_n shall_v lie_v upon_o the_o executor_n as_o his_o own_o debt_n so_o on_o the_o contrary_a part_n where_o the_o whole_a year_n or_o half_a year_n profit_n except_o some_o few_o day_n incur_v after_o the_o testator_n death_n the_o rent_n become_v payable_a so_o instant_o after_o the_o testator_n death_n must_v in_o reason_n lie_v whole_o upon_o the_o testator_n estate_n as_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v what_o if_o to_o this_o i_o add_v that_o the_o testator_n cattle_n wherewith_o the_o ground_n be_v stock_v do_v depasture_n and_o devour_v the_o profit_n all_o the_o time_n after_o the_o testator_n death_n till_o the_o day_n of_o payment_n of_o the_o rent_n nay_o if_o the_o rent_n be_v payable_a at_o mich._n and_o the_o anâ—unc_fw-la and_o the_o testator_n die_v a_o few_o day_n after_o mich._n the_o rent_n be_v of_o or_o near_o the_o value_n of_o
from_o the_o very_a time_n of_o make_v the_o lease_n as_o either_o by_o a_o contract_n real_a of_o quid_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la or_o rather_o by_o a_o operation_n of_o law_n or_o legal_a constitution_n or_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o realm_n without_o any_o contract_n of_o person_n last_o for_o that_o the_o lessor_n do_v not_o distrain_v the_o cattle_n therefore_o or_o in_o that_o respect_n for_o that_o they_o be_v or_o be_v the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n but_o for_o that_o he_o find_v they_o levant_a and_o couchant_a upon_o the_o land_n which_o must_v afford_v his_o rent_n or_o a_o distress_n for_o it_o if_o behind_o so_o as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v any_o under_o tenant_n or_o stranger_n cattle_n they_o may_v have_v be_v distrain_v some_o may_v perhaps_o object_v this_o reason_n why_o these_o impound_v cattle_n shall_v be_v deliver_v in_o execution_n viz._n for_o that_o where_o otherwise_o the_o creditor_n by_o statute_n or_o judgement_n shall_v lose_v all_o or_o part_n of_o his_o debt_n yet_o by_o this_o relief_n do_v to_o he_o shall_v not_o the_o lessor_n lose_v his_o rent_n for_o that_o he_o may_v at_o any_o time_n after_o distrain_v any_o good_n or_o cattle_n find_v upon_o the_o ground_n at_o any_o time_n during_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o lease_n but_o here_o beside_o the_o point_n of_o delay_n and_o stay_v for_o this_o rent_n which_o to_o many_o be_v the_o sole_a mean_n of_o maintain_v their_o household_n and_o family_n this_o further_a be_v considerable_a that_o perhaps_o the_o lease_n may_v be_v near_o expire_a perhaps_o so_o high_o rack_v and_o rent_a even_o to_o or_o above_o the_o value_n as_o that_o the_o executor_n have_v his_o testator_n stock_n take_v from_o it_o and_o he_o by_o execution_n will_v not_o stock_n it_o any_o more_o and_o so_o the_o land_n lie_v fresh_a if_o the_o lessor_n shall_v lose_v the_o benefit_n of_o his_o former_a distress_n he_o shall_v be_v perhaps_o without_o remedy_n for_o his_o arrearage_n of_o rent_n and_o if_o the_o case_n be_v of_o a_o distress_n for_o rend_v behind_o after_o the_o testator_n death_n i_o conceive_v though_o not_o so_o strong_o for_o most_o of_o the_o reason_n abovesaid_a that_o the_o law_n will_v be_v all_o one_o as_o in_o the_o other_o case_n for_o though_o in_o this_o case_n respect_n shall_v not_o be_v have_v to_o the_o executor_n loss_n upon_o who_o good_n the_o law_n cast_v this_o debt_n though_o not_o the_o other_o yet_o here_o the_o point_n of_o loss_n must_v fall_v either_o upon_o the_o lessor_n lose_v his_o distress_n or_o upon_o the_o other_o creditor_n by_o specialiy_v or_o record_v lose_v whole_o or_o in_o part_n his_o debt_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o this_o local_a tie_n upon_o this_o land_n for_o payment_n of_o the_o rent_n whereto_o even_o the_o fealty_n of_o the_o lessee_n and_o tenure_n of_o the_o land_n bind_v he_o and_o it_o i_o think_v no_o act_n that_o the_o lessee_n can_v do_v by_o enter_v into_o bond_n or_o statute_n or_o have_v judgement_n against_o he_o can_v hinder_v the_o lessor_n or_o reversioner_n from_o take_v his_o remedy_n upon_o this_o lease_v land_n for_o the_o rent_n therefore_o due_a but_o rather_o any_o other_o creditor_n shall_v be_v a_o loser_n in_o his_o debt_n doubtless_o iâ—_n in_o bar_n to_o the_o avowrie_n for_o this_o rent_n due_a either_o before_o or_o since_o the_o testator_n death_n the_o executor_n will_v plead_v that_o the_o testator_n be_v indebt_v a_o thousand_o pound_n by_o statute_n recognizance_n or_o judgement_n which_o be_v more_o than_o all_o his_o good_n amount_v unto_o it_o will_v be_v no_o good_a plea_n but_o may_v be_v demur_v upon_o 31._o what_o if_o he_o plead_v so_o much_o debt_n of_o record_n to_o the_o crown_n sure_o i_o doubt_v whether_o this_o plea_n will_v be_v allow_v in_o any_o other_o court_n then_o the_o exchequer_n yet_o if_o these_o arrearage_n of_o rent_n shall_v be_v levy_v upon_o the_o land_n so_o as_o either_o the_o executor_n must_v pay_v it_o or_o lose_v the_o cattle_n distrain_v by_o a_o return_n irreplevisable_v and_o then_o shall_v not_o have_v sufficient_a to_o satisfy_v the_o debt_n to_o the_o crown_n i_o see_v not_o how_o he_o shall_v well_o escape_v when_o pursue_v in_o the_o exchequer_n to_o make_v up_o this_o crown_n debt_n out_o of_o his_o own_o purse_n which_o be_v hard_a for_o this_o we_o may_v pitch_v upon_o as_o a_o maxim_n and_o principle_n that_o a_o executor_n where_o no_o default_n be_v in_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v bind_v to_o pay_v more_o for_o his_o testator_n then_o his_o good_n amount_v unto_o again_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n that_o where_o nothing_o be_v to_o be_v have_v viz._n just_o to_o be_v have_v the_o king_n lose_v his_o right_n and_o our_o book_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o king_n prerogative_n must_v not_o do_v wrong_a potestas_fw-la ejus_fw-la juris_fw-la est_fw-la bracton_n non_fw-la injuriae_fw-la nam_fw-la potestas_fw-la injuriae_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la dei_fw-la sed_fw-la diaboli_fw-la on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o if_o land_n lease_v come_v to_o the_o king_n by_o grant_n outlawry_n or_o otherwise_o the_o rent_n reserve_v can_v be_v distrain_v for_o and_o therefore_o be_v it_o not_o very_o unreasonable_a nor_o incongruent_a that_o the_o king_n interest_n for_o his_o debt_n shall_v make_v the_o distress_n of_o a_o subject_a to_o stand_v by_o and_o give_v place_n this_o therefore_o among_o other_o of_o the_o premise_n do_v i_o leave_v as_o a_o quaere_fw-la nor_o be_v it_o altogether_o unprofitable_a either_o for_o a_o executor_n or_o creditor_n to_o know_v what_o way_n and_o passage_n what_o case_n and_o contingent_n be_v doubtful_a and_o hazardous_a and_o if_o in_o these_o unbeaten_a path_n where_o our_o book_n and_o relation_n have_v hold_v i_o forth_o no_o light_n express_v or_o particular_a i_o have_v err_v in_o mis-resolving_a or_o miss_v to_o resolve_v resolve_v i_o hope_v i_o shall_v without_o difficulty_n obtain_v pardon_n now_o let_v we_o consider_v of_o assumption_n or_o promise_n make_v by_o the_o testator_n upon_o good_a consideration_n the_o performance_n whereof_o or_o make_v recompense_n and_o satisfaction_n for_o not_o perform_v do_v lie_v upon_o a_o executor_n as_o before_o be_v show_v these_o therefore_o be_v to_o come_v behind_o and_o give_v place_n unto_o all_o the_o former_a so_o as_o a_o executor_n this_o way_n or_o for_o these_o sue_v may_v plead_v debt_n by_o specialty_n rent_n etc._n etc._n amount_v to_o the_o whole_a good_n and_o yet_o these_o debt_n by_o contract_n or_o assumption_n express_v be_v to_o be_v satisfy_v before_o legacy_n be_v to_o be_v have_v 11._o first_o because_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n those_o be_v recoverable_a and_o so_o be_v not_o legacy_n next_o because_o as_o our_o book_n speak_v it_o concern_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o testator_n to_o have_v aes_fw-la alienum_fw-la all_o duty_n and_o debt_n to_o other_o man_n satisfy_v before_o the_o debtor_n voluntary_a gift_n or_o bequest_n also_o these_o debt_n by_o assumption_n or_o simple_a contract_n be_v to_o be_v satisfy_v before_o the_o reasonable_a part_n of_o the_o wife_n or_o child_n to_o which_o by_o custom_n in_o some_o county_n they_o be_v entitle_v see_v 21._o ed._n 4._o 21._o &_o 2_o ed._n 4._o 13._o &_o 2._o hen._n 6._o 16._o and_o note_v that_o in_o such_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n it_o be_v not_o of_o necessity_n to_o lay_v or_o set_v forth_o in_o the_o declaration_n that_o the_o defendant_n have_v asset_n to_o pay_v all_o debt_n by_o specialty_n case_n and_o this_o also_o but_o if_o there_o want_v the_o defendant_n must_v allege_v that_o in_o his_o excuse_n for_o else_o it_o shall_v be_v presume_v that_o he_o have_v asset_n so_o also_o in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n ground_v upon_o the_o executor_n own_o assumption_n to_o pay_v his_o testator_n debt_n and_o yet_o as_o the_o l._n cook_n conceive_v and_o upon_o good_a reason_n as_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v if_o the_o executor_n so_o promise_v have_v not_o asset_n sufficient_a in_o his_o hand_n to_o pay_v this_o debt_n promise_v he_o plead_a non_fw-la assumpsit_fw-la may_v give_v that_o in_o evidence_n for_o then_o the_o consideration_n fail_v as_o also_o if_o there_o be_v no_o such_o debt_n due_a since_o the_o plaintiff_n can_v not_o have_v recover_v if_o he_o have_v sue_v and_o so_o his_o forbearance_n to_o sue_v be_v no_o valuable_a consideration_n chap._n xiii_o of_o devastation_n or_o waste_v that_o which_o s._n paul_n of_o dispenser_n spiritual_a who_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o executor_n of_o the_o last_o will_v and_o testament_n of_o our_o saviour_n christ_n do_v say_v or_o enjoin_v viz._n that_o they_o must_v be_v find_v faithful_a the_o same_o be_v require_v of_o these_o less_o or_o inferior_a dispenser_n the_o executor_n of_o man_n will_n and_o
a_o testatum_fw-la the_o process_n may_v be_v direct_v into_o the_o right_a county_n but_o in_o the_o say_a case_n it_o be_v reply_v to_o the_o plea_n of_o full_o administer_v that_o there_o be_v asset_n in_o essex_n the_o action_n be_v lay_v in_o middlesex_n and_o yet_o as_o it_o seem_v by_o the_o book_n the_o trial_n be_v to_o be_v by_o a_o jury_n of_o middlesex_n which_o say_v the_o book_n may_v find_v the_o asset_n in_o essex_n but_o there_o the_o plea_n be_v demur_v upon_o and_o hold_v a_o good_a plea_n which_o prove_v that_o although_o the_o transitorinesse_n of_o the_o asset_n make_v they_o subject_a to_o the_o notice_n of_o a_o foreign_a jury_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o like_o a_o act_n transitory_a and_o not_o local_a for_o that_o must_v be_v plead_v to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o action_n be_v lay_v though_o in_o truth_n not_o so_o but_o have_v issue_n be_v join_v upon_o the_o point_n i_o think_v it_o shall_v be_v try_v in_o essex_n where_o the_o asset_n be_v lay_v the_o rather_o for_o that_o perhaps_o they_o may_v be_v real_a chattel_n 271._o viz._n land_n lease_v to_o the_o testator_n or_o other_o land_n of_o he_o appoint_v to_o be_v sell_v for_o payment_n of_o debt_n 47._o which_o as_o heretofore_o have_v be_v hold_v a_o jury_n of_o another_o county_n can_v find_v beside_o although_o such_o a_o foreign_a jury_n may_v find_v other_o movable_a asset_n yet_o be_v at_o their_o election_n they_o be_v not_o thereto_o compellable_n 104._o as_o elsewhere_o be_v hold_v here_o then_o may_v be_v the_o difference_n viz._n that_o if_o the_o asset_n be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o the_o county_n where_o the_o trial_n be_v a._n there_o the_o sheriff_n of_o that_o county_n can_v return_v nulla_fw-la bona_fw-la el._n without_o add_v that_o the_o executor_n have_v waste_v but_o if_o there_o be_v no_o verdict_n at_o all_o touch_v asset_n judgement_n pass_v against_o the_o executor_n upon_o a_o demurrer_n confession_n nihil_fw-la dicit_fw-la or_o the_o like_a there_o may_v the_o sheriff_n make_v such_o a_o return_n of_o nulla_fw-la bona_fw-la testatoris_fw-la without_o return_v any_o devastation_n and_o so_o also_o where_o the_o verdict_n either_o find_v asset_n general_o not_o find_v in_o what_o place_n they_o be_v b._n or_o express_o find_v they_o to_o be_v in_o another_o county_n as_o a_o little_a before_o we_o find_v may_v be_v do_v by_o a_o jury_n of_o london_n of_o asset_n in_o essex_n in_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o his_o time_n 210._o as_o a_o little_a after_o the_o say_a case_n of_o chichester_n be_v by_o the_o lord_n dier_n report_v the_o sheriff_n return_v upon_o the_o fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la that_o the_o executor_n have_v no_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n do_v add_v in_o the_o same_o return_n that_o one_o of_o the_o two_o executor_n have_v waste_v report_n and_o thereupon_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la be_v award_v against_o he_o and_o upon_o scire_fw-la feci_fw-la return_v and_o default_n make_v execution_n be_v adjudge_v and_o award_v against_o his_o good_n only_o and_o this_o course_n of_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la both_o the_o lord_n dier_n as_o elsewhere_o i_o find_v it_o report_v and_o prisot_n temp_n hen._n 6._o approve_v but_o i_o be_o perplex_v with_o doubt_n what_o plea_n the_o executor_n come_v in_o upon_o the_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la can_v plead_v for_o except_v his_o denial_n of_o waste_v may_v be_v plead_v contrary_a to_o the_o sheriff_n return_n contra_fw-la and_o put_v in_o issue_n so_o as_o to_o cause_v a_o new_a trial_n after_o a_o former_a perhaps_o precede_v judgement_n which_o i_o think_v will_v not_o be_v admit_v than_o his_o come_n in_o be_v to_o little_a purpose_n for_o aught_o i_o can_v conceive_v here_o again_o it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o in_o the_o case_n of_o chichester_n 185._o the_o judgement_n be_v have_v upon_o trial_n of_o full_o administer_v but_o in_o other_o case_n temp_n hen._n 8._o it_o be_v upon_o confession_n which_o be_v all_o one_o as_o i_o take_v it_o with_o condemnation_n upon_o demurrer_n or_o non_fw-la sum_fw-la informatus_fw-la or_o trial_n upon_o non_fw-la est_fw-la factum_fw-la the_o bond_n or_o a_o release_n to_o the_o testator_n or_o the_o like_a now_o between_o all_o these_o &_o that_o of_o chichester_n there_o be_v a_o broad_a difference_n for_o there_o the_o defendant_n be_v convince_v by_o verdict_n to_o have_v asset_n which_o if_o they_o continue_v not_o in_o his_o hand_n in_o kind_n must_v be_v answer_v out_o of_o his_o own_o good_n as_o waste_v therefore_o the_o fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la to_o leafy_a the_o debt_n of_o the_o testator_n good_n if_o any_o find_v or_o in_o default_n thereof_o out_o of_o his_o own_o good_n be_v very_o agreeable_a and_o pursuant_n but_o in_o none_o of_o other_o casess_v be_v there_o any_o such_o trial_n or_o conviction_n of_o the_o defendant_n have_v asset_n so_o as_o it_o rest_v aeque_fw-la dubium_fw-la whether_o they_o have_v asset_n or_o not_o and_o therefore_o it_o may_v seem_v somewhat_o hard_a and_o harsh_a to_o send_v out_o such_o a_o writ_n in_o that_o case_n 2441._o and_o so_o shall_v i_o have_v think_v if_o i_o have_v only_o see_v the_o report_n of_o pettifers_n case_n condemp_n but_o look_v into_o the_o record_n and_o find_v the_o condemnation_n there_o to_o be_v by_o nihil_fw-la dicit_fw-la in_o effect_n i_o can_v uphold_v any_o distinction_n of_o course_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o say_a difference_n of_o case_n nor_o indeed_o do_v that_o course_n there_o direct_v presume_v that_o the_o executor_n either_o have_v asset_n or_o have_v waste_v they_o but_o command_v that_o if_o asset_n etc._n etc._n then_o the_o levy_n shall_v be_v one_o way_n nothing_o if_o waste_v than_o another_o way_n so_o if_o neither_o nihil_fw-la fiend_n cap._n xiiii_o of_o a_o executor_n of_o his_o own_o wrong_n to_o begin_v with_o some_o definition_n or_o description_n of_o this_o man_n he_o be_v such_o as_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o office_n of_o a_o executor_n by_o intrusion_n not_o be_v so_o constitute_v by_o the_o testator_n or_o decease_a nor_o for_o want_v of_o such_o constitution_n substitute_v by_o the_o ordinary_a to_o administer_v touch_v who_o we_o will_v consider_v in_o these_o part_n and_o with_o this_o method_n viz._n 1._o what_o act_n or_o intermedling_n of_o such_o a_o one_o not_o be_v executor_n nor_o administrator_n by_o right_n shall_v make_v he_o to_o become_v a_o executor_n by_o wrong_n vide_fw-la 5._o more_o perstat_fw-la 43._o e._n cap._n 8._o 2._o in_o what_o manner_n and_o by_o what_o name_n such_o shall_v be_v sue_v special_o when_o another_o then_o be_v executor_n or_o administrator_n or_o himself_o after_o such_o act_n become_v administrator_n 3._o what_o act_v do_v by_o he_o shall_v stand_v firm_a as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v a_o executor_n by_o right_n how_o far_o he_o become_v liable_a to_o creditor_n and_o how_o and_o to_o who_o 5._o see_v a_o late_a stat_fw-la 43._o el._n cap_n 8._o hereabout_o as_o to_o the_o first_o b._n it_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n mary_n doubt_v and_o not_o resolve_v whether_o the_o only_a seize_v and_o take_v into_o one_o hand_n the_o good_n of_o the_o decease_a do_v make_v one_o executor_n of_o his_o own_o wrong_n without_o any_o further_a act_n 9_o and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o last_o queen_n time_n the_o lord_n diar_n say_v that_o the_o post_n slion_n and_o occupation_n of_o or_o meddle_v with_o the_o good_n be_v that_o which_o give_v notice_n to_o creditor_n who_o they_o be_v to_o sue_v as_o executor_n but_o doubtless_o creditor_n must_v look_v further_o before_o suit_n for_o else_o can_v they_o not_o know_v whether_o he_o so_o intermeddling_o be_v executor_n or_o administrator_n nor_o consequent_o how_o to_o found_v their_o suit_n right_o and_o safe_o for_o good_a success_n since_o a_o suit_n against_o a_o executor_n as_o administrator_n or_o against_o a_o administrator_n as_o executor_n will_v prove_v ruinous_a and_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n yea_o where_o a_o administrator_n sue_v as_o executor_n do_v not_o plead_v that_o administration_n be_v commit_v unto_o he_o but_o general_o deny_v that_o he_o be_v executor_n or_o administer_v as_o executor_n 306._o the_o lord_n diar_n hold_v that_o it_o must_v be_v find_v for_o he_o yet_o leave_v it_o doubtful_a but_o the_o clear_a and_o safe_a way_n have_v be_v to_o have_v plead_v the_o administration_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o the_o former_a case_n the_o lord_n dyer_n say_v b._n that_o one_o intermeddle_v only_o about_o the_o funeral_n and_o lay_v out_o money_n therefore_o a_o overseer_n or_o conductor_n or_o he_o who_o have_v letter_n of_o the_o ordinary_a ad_fw-la colligend_n viz._n to_o get_v and_o keep_v the_o good_n in_o safety_n and_o one_o who_o intermeddle_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o will_v true_o make_v but_o control_v by_o a_o latter_a
the_o second_o point_n it_o may_v have_v these_o two_o part_n 1._o when_o the_o executor_n be_v able_a to_o give_v such_o assent_n to_o a_o legacy_n and_o 2._o when_o he_o may_v do_v it_o with_o safety_n 367_o as_o for_o the_o first_o he_o be_v able_a before_o probat_fw-la of_o the_o will_n to_o assent_v unto_o the_o execution_n of_o a_o legacy_n as_o elsewhere_o be_v show_v and_o that_o although_o he_o be_v not_o of_o full_a age_n of_o 21_o year_n but_o if_o he_o be_v under_o 17_o year_n so_o as_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o office_n of_o a_o executor_n and_o therefore_o administration_n be_v during_o that_o time_n to_o be_v commit_v to_o some_o other_o 29_o here_o his_o assent_n be_v not_o of_o force_n or_o effectual_a as_o we_o find_v in_o prince_n case_n to_o have_v be_v hold_v in_o the_o case_n of_o pigot_n and_o gascon_a as_o for_o the_o second_o part_n till_o all_o debt_n be_v pay_v the_o executor_n may_v not_o safe_o consent_v that_o the_o legatee_n enter_v into_o the_o lease_n or_o chattel_n devise_v no_o more_o than_o he_o may_v pay_v money_n bequeath_v if_o there_o be_v not_o sufficient_a also_o to_o pay_v all_o debt_n of_o these_o thing_n more_o be_v say_v elsewhere_o yet_o because_o the_o reader_n or_o he_o that_o desire_v direction_n in_o these_o point_n will_v look_v for_o they_o under_o this_o title_n i_o think_v not_o good_a here_o to_o be_v altogether_o silent_a touch_v they_o as_o for_o the_o three_o point_n viz._n whether_o the_o assent_n of_o one_o executor_n where_o there_o be_v many_o be_v sufficient_a 15._o i_o see_v not_o how_o to_o doubt_v since_o any_o one_o executor_n may_v give_v away_o any_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n or_o release_v any_o debt_n due_a to_o he_o therefore_o much_o more_o assent_n which_o be_v no_o more_o or_o great_a work_n in_o effect_n then_o a_o atturnment_n of_o one_o lessee_n upon_o a_o grant_n of_o a_o reversion_n and_o if_o there_o want_v to_o pay_v debt_n he_o only_o who_o assent_v shall_v answer_v for_o it_o of_o his_o own_o good_n and_o not_o his_o companion_n c._n but_o if_o this_o executor_n be_v either_o under_o the_o age_n of_o 17_o year_n or_o under_o coverture_n viz._n a_o woman_n marry_v such_o be_v not_o able_a to_o give_v a_o good_a assent_n to_o bind_v the_o other_o no_o nor_o themselves_o for_o then_o thereby_o the_o infant_n may_v draw_v a_o debt_n upon_o himself_o and_o the_o wife_n upon_o her_o husband_n by_o assent_v to_o or_o pay_v of_o a_o legacy_n there_o not_o be_v sufficient_a good_n to_o pay_v all_o debt_n but_o the_o husband_n assent_n be_v sufficient_a where_o the_o wife_n be_v executor_n for_o his_o act_n who_o she_o have_v choose_v to_o be_v her_o head_n may_v prejudice_v as_o well_v she_o as_o himself_o yea_o though_o she_o be_v within_o age_n yet_o he_o be_v of_o full_a age_n his_o assent_n will_v stand_v good_a but_o if_o he_o or_o another_o executor_n in_o his_o own_o right_n be_v above_o 17_o year_n of_o age_n and_o under_o 21_o i_o doubt_v whether_o now_o his_o assent_n will_v be_v sufficient_a at_o least_o except_o the_o case_n be_v put_v that_o there_o be_v asset_n sufficient_a which_o perhaps_o there_o may_v be_v material_a though_o not_o in_o the_o other_o see_v more_o hereof_o after_o in_o the_o title_n of_o woman_n covert_a and_o infant_n executor_n as_o to_o the_o four_o point_n first_o there_o may_v be_v a_o assent_n &_o election_n employ_v as_o well_o as_o express_v for_o if_o in_o the_o devise_n or_o bequest_n the_o legatee_n be_v appoint_v to_o do_v some_o act_n as_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o legacy_n he_o and_o the_o excecutor_n do_v accept_v the_o performance_n thereof_o this_o amount_v to_o a_o assent_n so_o if_o the_o devise_n be_v to_o a_o executor_n for_o the_o education_n of_o some_o child_n which_o he_o do_v according_o educate_v this_o make_v a_o election_n to_o have_v the_o thing_n by_o way_n of_o legacy_n and_o not_o as_o executor_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o case_n of_o paramoor_n and_o yard_o plough_v 543._o so_o if_o a_o horse_n be_v bequeath_v and_o one_o offer_v to_o buy_v he_o of_o the_o executor_n himself_o he_o direct_v he_o to_o go_v and_o buy_v the_o horse_n of_o the_o legatee_n 321._o or_o if_o the_o executor_n himself_o offer_v money_n to_o the_o legatee_n for_o the_o horse_n demurrer_n this_o imply_v a_o assent_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v the_o legatee_n by_o the_o will_n and_o so_o be_v it_o hold_v in_o the_o case_n between_o low_a and_o carter_n where_o the_o devisee_fw-mi of_o a_o term_n do_v grant_v it_o to_o the_o executor_n and_o this_o acceptance_n of_o a_o grant_n from_o he_o be_v hold_v to_o imply_v the_o executor_n assent_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v he_o to_o grant_v but_o i_o see_v not_o well_o how_o that_o shall_v be_v law_n which_o in_o the_o latter_a part_n of_o the_o lo._n dyer_n be_v find_v reg_fw-la viz._n where_o a_o term_n be_v devise_v to_o i._n s._n and_o he_o be_v make_v executor_n and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n enter_v and_o occupy_v the_o land_n a_o whole_a year_n without_o prove_v the_o will_n himself_o that_o this_o be_v a_o election_n to_o have_v it_o as_o devisee_fw-mi and_o not_o as_o executor_n for_o first_o he_o have_v good_a right_n to_o the_o term_n as_o executor_n before_o probat_fw-la and_o so_o may_v clear_o in_o that_o right_o have_v take_v the_o profit_n although_o it_o have_v not_o be_v devise_v or_o bequeath_v to_o he_o and_o that_o before_o any_o will_n prove_v second_o he_o can_v not_o by_o right_a have_v it_o as_o legatee_n without_o assent_n of_o himself_o or_o some_o other_o as_o executor_n legatee_n therefore_o this_o general_a accepation_n can_v determine_v no_o election_n as_o elsewhere_o be_v hold_v as_o for_o disassent_v or_o disablement_n to_o assent_v as_o if_o the_o executor_n do_v once_o declare_v his_o assent_n that_o the_o legatee_n shall_v have_v his_o legacy_n he_o may_v then_o enter_v into_o it_o or_o take_v it_o notwithstanding_o the_o executor_n countermand_n or_o revocation_n of_o his_o assent_n after_o so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n i_o think_v if_o he_o do_v full_o and_o express_o deny_v that_o the_o legacy_n shall_v take_v effect_n he_o can_v after_o make_v a_o good_a assent_n thereunto_o for_o that_o election_n once_o make_v must_v stand_v peremptory_a be_v it_o refusal_n to_o assent_v or_o assent_v yet_o quae_fw-la of_o this_o for_o that_o the_o refusal_n to_o assent_v may_v be_v check_v by_o sentence_n or_o decree_n in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n or_o court_n of_o equity_n and_o so_o a_o assent_n be_v enforce_v but_o if_o the_o power_n of_o assent_v be_v legal_o lose_v by_o the_o mean_v aforesaid_a viz._n disable_v i_o see_v not_o how_o any_o legal_a interest_n can_v be_v transfer_v by_o that_o compel_a assent_n case_n howsoever_o decree_v and_o what_o be_v say_v of_o a_o legacy_n bequeath_v to_o another_o the_o same_o may_v be_v understand_v in_o case_n where_o the_o bequest_n be_v to_o the_o executor_n himself_o and_o he_o make_v his_o election_n to_o have_v it_o as_o legatee_n 359_o or_o as_o executor_n but_o if_o where_o a_o horse_n be_v bequeath_v to_o a_o the_o executor_n after_o the_o testator_n death_n do_v ride_v the_o horse_n or_o use_v he_o in_o the_o coach_n or_o in_o the_o plough_n i_o do_v not_o take_v this_o to_o be_v any_o such_o disagreement_n to_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o legacy_n as_o that_o the_o executor_n can_v after_o assent_v to_o the_o legatee_n have_v thereof_o no_o more_o though_o it_o be_v somewhat_o more_o then_o where_o a_o drinking-cup_n be_v bequeath_v and_o the_o executor_n after_o the_o testator_n death_n do_v use_v it_o to_o drink_v in_o nay_o if_o a_o lease_n of_o land_n be_v bequeath_v to_o a_o and_o the_o executor_n continue_v the_o depasture_v of_o the_o testator_n therein_o yet_o be_v not_o this_o any_o disagreement_n to_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o legacy_n but_o if_o this_o lease-land_n be_v let_v out_o by_o the_o testator_n from_o year_n to_o year_n and_o the_o executor_n discharge_v the_o tenant_n and_o take_v it_o into_o his_o hand_n at_o the_o year_n end_n this_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v a_o disassent_v to_o the_o legacy_n and_o so_o also_o perhaps_o may_v his_o take_n or_o distrain_v for_o any_o rent_n thereupon_o due_a after_o the_o testator_n death_n yet_o be_o i_o not_o resolute_a that_o the_o disassent_v be_v so_o peremptory_a and_o unchangeable_a as_o the_o assent_n remember_v the_o case_n in_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o his_o time_n 23._o where_o a_o term_n be_v grant_v by_o a_o lessee_n conditional_o so_o as_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lessor_n can_v be_v have_v by_o such_o a_o day_n though_o the_o lessor_n assent_n be_v at_o one_o time_n deny_v yet_o
may_v it_o be_v yield_v at_o another_o so_o as_o it_o be_v at_o any_o time_n before_o the_o day_n but_o yet_o there_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o if_o no_o time_n of_o assent_n be_v limit_v than_o one_o express_v denial_n or_o refusal_n will_v be_v peremptory_a so_o as_o the_o refusal_n be_v express_v to_o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o assent_n be_v to_o be_v give_v otherwise_o if_o it_o be_v but_o in_o speech_n to_o or_o among_o stranger_n this_o and_o the_o former_a case_n variation_n 19_o eliz._n give_v the_o best_a light_n to_o this_o point_n that_o i_o remember_v now_o for_o disablement_n to_o assent_v it_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o forementioned_a case_n of_o low_a and_o carter_n that_o where_o a_o term_n be_v bequeath_v to_o a_o and_o after_o the_o testator_n death_n the_o executor_n take_v a_o new_a lease_n of_o the_o same_o land_n for_o more_o year_n in_o possession_n or_o to_o begin_v present_o now_o by_o this_o be_v the_o term_n leave_v by_o the_o testator_n surrender_v and_o drown_v so_o as_o it_o can_v not_o pass_v to_o a_o by_o the_o executor_n assent_v after_o as_o to_o the_o five_o point_n viz._n in_o what_o manner_n a_o lease_n for_o year_n or_o other_o chattel_n real_a may_v be_v bequeath_v to_o one_o for_o a_o time_n with_o remainder_n to_o another_o it_o have_v be_v heretofore_o much_o doubt_v when_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n be_v bequeath_v to_o one_o for_o life_n or_o for_o so_o many_o year_n as_o he_o shall_v live_v whether_o the_o limit_v of_o a_o remainder_n thereof_o after_o his_o decease_n be_v of_o any_o validity_n in_o law_n or_o not_o and_o this_o doubt_n have_v this_o ground_n any_o state_n for_o life_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o law_n be_v great_a than_o any_o term_n for_o year_n therefore_o when_o a_o termer_n have_v by_o his_o will_n give_v his_o term_n or_o his_o house_n or_o land_n which_o he_o so_o hold_v for_o year_n to_o one_o for_o life_n or_o for_o so_o many_o year_n as_o he_o shall_v live_v this_o testator_n and_o devisor_n have_v not_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o law_n any_o estate_n remain_v in_o he_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v think_v very_o hard_o for_o he_o to_o give_v or_o limit_v a_o remainder_n to_o another_o but_o after_o many_o arguing_n and_o debating_n it_o be_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n resolve_v that_o such_o a_o remainder_n be_v good_a and_o that_o if_o the_o first_o devisee_fw-mi die_v before_o the_o term_n expire_v 542._o that_o then_o he_o to_o who_o the_o remainder_n be_v limit_v may_v enter_v and_o enjoy_v the_o residue_n of_o the_o term_n as_o for_o the_o give_v of_o part_n of_o the_o year_n to_o one_o and_o the_o residue_n to_o the_o other_o viz._n if_o the_o term_n be_v twenty_o year_n the_o lessee_n bequeathe_v ten_o thereof_o to_o his_o wife_n and_o the_o remainder_n to_o his_o daughter_n of_o this_o no_o doubt_n ever_o be_v but_o that_o it_o be_v good_a for_o that_o after_o the_o first_o state_n limit_v there_o remain_v a_o further_a term_n viz._n ten_o year_n more_o in_o the_o devisor_n whereof_o he_o have_v power_n to_o dispose_v whereas_o in_o the_o other_o case_n after_o the_o term_n limit_v to_o one_o for_o life_n there_o remain_v but_o a_o possibility_n that_o this_o life_n shall_v not_o take_v up_o the_o whole_a term_n but_o now_o put_v we_o the_o case_n a_o three_o way_n viz._n that_o the_o termor_n devise_v or_o bequeathe_v the_o thing_n in_o lease_n to_o one_o child_n entail_v with_o remainder_n to_o another_o and_o die_v and_o the_o first_o enter_v and_o die_v without_o issue_n now_o whether_o shall_v the_o next_o in_o remainder_n or_o the_o executor_n of_o he_o so_o die_v have_v the_o term_n residue_n and_o this_o case_n come_v in_o question_n and_o be_v adjudge_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o k._n john_n his_o reign_n in_o the_o exchequer_n for_o there_o master_n hamond_n hold_v by_o lease_n for_o year_n from_o the_o crown_n the_o manner_n of_o acre_n in_o kent_n devise_v the_o same_o by_o his_o will_n to_o alexander_n hamond_n his_o elder_a son_n and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n with_o remainder_n to_o ralph_n hamond_n another_o son_n in_o like_a manner_n and_o the_o like_a remainder_n to_o thomas_n hamond_n and_o make_v the_o say_a alexander_n executor_n difference_n who_o after_o his_o father_n decease_n elect_v to_o take_v as_o legatory_n and_o after_o ralph_n hamond_n die_v leave_v issue_n male_a and_o make_v his_o wife_n executrix_fw-la alexander_n not_o have_v issue_n male_a grant_v the_o whole_a term_n by_o deed_n to_o b_o and_o c._n for_o the_o behoof_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o wife_n during_o their_o life_n and_o after_o to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o young_a daughter_n who_o sir_n robert_n lewkenor_n marry_v then_o alexander_n die_v without_o issue_n male_a the_o wife_n and_o executrix_n of_o ralph_n hammond_n enter_v claim_v the_o term_n and_o be_v keep_v out_o seal_v a_o lease_n whereupon_o a_o eject_v firmae_fw-la be_v bring_v and_o a_o jury_n appear_v at_o the_o bar_n in_o the_o exchequer_n find_v a_o special_a verdict_n in_o effect_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la and_o in_o argument_n of_o this_o case_n first_o the_o main_a question_n be_v whether_o this_o case_n be_v all_o one_o in_o law_n with_o the_o former_a where_o a_o term_n be_v devise_v to_o one_o for_o life_n which_o remainder_n over_o so_o as_o by_o the_o death_n of_o alexander_n hammond_n without_o issue_n male_a the_o term_n shall_v go_v to_o the_o next_o in_o remainder_n as_o in_o the_o other_o case_n by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o devisee_fw-mi for_o life_n die_v within_o the_o term_n it_o shall_v do_v and_o on_o the_o plaintiff_n part_v it_o be_v urge_v to_o be_v all_o one_o so_o that_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o bequeast_n supra_fw-la alexander_n have_v a_o estate_n to_o he_o and_o his_o executor_n only_o so_o long_o as_o there_o shall_v be_v heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n and_o he_o die_v without_o such_o issue_n the_o term_n remain_v to_o the_o executor_n of_o ralph_n who_o have_v the_o remainder_n in_o like_a manner_n and_o leave_v issue_n male_a which_o still_o live_v and_o so_o that_o seat_n of_o ralph_n yet_o have_v continuance_n for_o it_o be_v admit_v by_o the_o counsel_n on_o that_o side_n that_o the_o term_n can_v not_o go_v to_o the_o issue_n male_a of_o ralph_n according_a to_o the_o word_n and_o intent_n of_o the_o will_n since_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o make_v a_o term_n to_o descend_v without_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n this_o therefore_o they_o say_v the_o law_n shall_v work_v which_o be_v near_a to_o the_o intent_n viz._n that_o after_o alexander_n death_n it_o shall_v go_v first_o to_o his_o executor_n and_o assignee_n so_o long_o as_o issue_v male_a of_o his_o body_n do_v continue_v and_o for_o want_v of_o such_o issue_n then_o to_o ralph_n his_o executor_n and_o assignee_n so_o long_o as_o his_o issue_n male_a shall_v last_v and_o therefore_o in_o this_o case_n the_o issue_n male_a of_o alex._n fail_v the_o executor_n of_o ralph_n who_o issue_n male_a fail_v not_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o term_n and_o so_o judgement_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v lessee_n of_o that_o executor_n on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v say_v by_o the_o defendant_n counsel_n that_o this_o case_n differ_v much_o from_o the_o other_o case_n where_o the_o term_n or_o land_n hold_v by_o lease_n be_v give_v but_o for_o life_n to_o the_o first_o with_o remainder_n to_o another_o which_o case_n as_o have_v be_v often_o resolve_v be_v clear_o admit_v to_o be_v good_a law_n for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o intent_n of_o the_o testator_n may_v and_o do_v take_v effect_n but_o in_o this_o case_n if_o the_o land_n shall_v go_v to_o the_o executor_n and_o assignee_n of_o ralph_n hammon_n it_o must_v go_v against_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o testator_n who_o mind_n and_o will_n be_v as_o it_o appear_v by_o his_o word_n that_o it_o shall_v go_v only_o to_o the_o issue_n male_a of_o one_o son_n after_o another_o and_o not_o to_o any_o executor_n now_o then_o since_o this_o intent_n be_v so_o contrary_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n that_o it_o can_v not_o take_v effect_n therefore_o it_o must_v be_v void_a and_o so_o all_o the_o word_n of_o heir_n male_a stand_v void_a the_o will_n be_v to_o be_v construe_v as_o a_o sole_a and_o absolute_a gift_n and_o bequeast_n to_o the_o say_v alex._n &_o consequent_o the_o term_n must_v go_v to_o his_o executor_n and_o assignee_n and_o for_o this_o point_n resemblance_n be_v make_v to_o a_o case_n resolve_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n adjudgâ—â—â—_n where_o a_o lease_n be_v make_v by_o indent_n to_o a._n habend_n to_o a._n b._n and_o c._n for_o their_o life_n now_o because_o b._n and_o c._n can_v take_v
effect_n and_o it_o have_v be_v resolve_v that_o this_o assent_n shall_v be_v effectual_a as_o well_o to_o all_o the_o remainder_n as_o to_o the_o first_o estate_n and_o so_o according_a to_o former_a resolution_n it_o be_v admit_v in_o hamon_n case_n that_o alexander_n his_o assent_n to_o take_v as_o legatee_n suffice_v if_o the_o bequest_n have_v be_v good_a for_o the_o remainder_n to_o ralph_n and_o other_o and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o doubtless_o be_v because_o here_o the_o particular_a estate_n and_o the_o remainder_n be_v all_o but_o one_o estate_n in_o law_n they_o make_v but_o one_o degree_n in_o a_o writ_n of_o entre_fw-fr nor_o shall_v have_v but_o one_o year_n and_o a_o day_n to_o enter_v for_o mortmain_n and_o a_o atturnment_n to_o the_o grantee_n of_o a_o rent_n or_o reversion_n for_o life_n with_o remainder_n over_o do_v enure_v also_o to_o the_o remainder_n which_o be_v a_o assent_n have_v much_o affinity_n to_o that_o of_o the_o executor_n each_o tend_v to_o perfect_v the_o grant_n of_o another_o man_n now_o then_o whereas_o it_o be_v urge_v in_o hammoâ—ds_n case_n that_o the_o state_n limit_v to_o ralâ—e_n shall_v take_v effect_n not_o as_o a_o remainder_n but_o as_o a_o new_a estate_n to_o commence_v future_o viz._n when_o alexander_n shall_v be_v dead_a without_o issue_n male_a if_o it_o shall_v be_v admit_v to_o be_v so_o then_o can_v not_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o first_o state_n to_o alexander_n have_v enure_v to_o this_o since_o to_o a._n remainder_n it_o work_v as_o be_v one_o estate_n with_o the_o first_o which_o reason_n must_v fail_v other_o way_n this_o difference_n between_o a_o remainder_n and_o new_a estate_n future_a bring_v to_o my_o mind_n the_o case_n of_o a_o rent_n by_o way_n of_o new_a creation_n grant_v by_o c._n out_o of_o land_n to_o a._n for_o life_n or_o in_o tail_n with_o remainder_n to_o b._n in_o like_a manner_n where_o it_o have_v probable_o be_v hold_v although_o this_o limitation_n to_o b._n can_v be_v good_a by_o way_n of_o remainder_n because_o c._n have_v no_o estate_n in_o the_o rent_n remain_v with_o he_o when_o he_o make_v the_o grant_n to_o a._n yet_o shall_v it_o be_v good_a by_o way_n of_o new_a grant_n and_o creation_n to_o commence_v future_o but_o this_o doubtless_o can_v so_o be_v but_o with_o a_o difference_n for_o if_o the_o grant_n be_v by_o indenture_n between_o c._n on_o the_o one_o part_n and_o a._n only_o on_o the_o other_o part_n now_o b._n be_v no_o party_n to_o the_o deed_n can_v take_v nothing_o by_o it_o except_o by_o way_n of_o remainder_n but_o if_o he_o be_v party_n to_o the_o indenture_n or_o if_o the_o grant_n be_v by_o deed_n poll_n to_o which_o all_o man_n be_v alike_o party_n than_o it_o happy_o may_v enure_v as_o a_o future_a grant_n to_o b._n this_o not_o impertinent_a now_o as_o the_o executor_n assent_v to_o one_o can_v enure_v to_o another_o though_o of_o the_o same_o thing_n except_o by_o way_n of_o remainder_n so_o neither_o can_v it_o any_o way_n where_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o the_o same_o except_z in_o very_o special_a case_n as_o if_o a_o termor_n bequeath_v a_o rent_n to_o a_o and_o the_o land_n itself_o to_o b_o the_o executor_n assent_n that_o a_o shall_v have_v the_o rent_n be_v no_o assent_n that_o b_o shall_v have_v the_o land_n case_n yet_o i_o think_v the_o assent_n that_o b_o shall_v have_v the_o land_n do_v imply_v the_o assent_n that_o a_o shall_v have_v the_o rent_n profit_n 1._o for_o that_o the_o restraint_n impose_v by_o the_o law_n against_o the_o pass_n of_o a_o chattel_n by_o a_o will_n without_o the_o executor_n assent_n be_v out_o of_o respect_n to_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o testator_n debt_n now_o if_o the_o land_n shall_v pass_v to_o b_o it_o be_v no_o more_o available_a to_o the_o testator_n debt_n that_o it_o pass_v discharge_v of_o the_o rent_n then_o charge_v 2._o since_o the_o gift_n and_o bequest_n be_v of_o the_o land_n charge_v with_o the_o rent_n therefore_o if_o this_o bequest_n shall_v take_v effect_n it_o shall_v carry_v the_o land_n according_a to_o the_o testator_n intent_n viz._n with_o this_o charge_n upon_o it_o for_o what_o else_o do_v the_o executor_n in_o this_o but_o assent_n that_o the_o will_n of_o the_o testator_n herein_o do_v stand_v and_o take_v effect_n and_o consequent_o b_o must_v take_v the_o term_n according_a to_o the_o will_n and_o not_o in_o any_o different_a or_o contrary_a manner_n next_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v of_o the_o manner_n of_o assent_n by_o executor_n which_o have_v some_o affinity_n with_o the_o four_o point_n but_o here_o we_o shall_v consider_v only_o of_o assent_n conditional_a now_o to_o this_o purpose_n we_o will_v cast_v our_o eye_n upon_o two_o sort_n of_o condition_n viz._n precedent_n and_o subsequent_a as_o for_o â—he_n former_a a_o executor_n may_v to_o a_o legatee_n absolute_o give_v assent_n upon_o a_o condition_n precedent_n as_o thus_o i_o be_o content_a that_o if_o you_o can_v get_v and_o bring_v in_o to_o i_o such_o a_o bond_n wherein_o the_o testator_n stand_v bind_v unto_o i._n s._n that_o then_o you_o enter_v upon_o the_o term_n or_o take_v the_o corn_n or_o cattle_n to_o you_o bequeath_v so_o of_o other_o like_a condition_n which_o may_v precede_v the_o assent_n as_o if_o you_o can_v get_v the_o assent_n of_o my_o coexecutor_n or_o if_o you_o will_v pay_v the_o arrearage_n of_o rent_n to_o the_o lessor_n behind_o at_o the_o testator_n death_n or_o if_o you_o will_v pay_v the_o wage_n already_o due_a to_o the_o servant_n attend_v about_o the_o cattle_n or_o corn_n to_o you_o bequeath_v in_o this_o case_n if_o the_o condition_n be_v not_o perform_v there_o be_v no_o assent_n and_o therefore_o the_o condition_v in_o this_o manner_n be_v good_a but_o if_o it_o be_v upon_o a_o condition_n subsequent_a as_o thus_o i_o do_v agree_v that_o you_o shall_v have_v the_o thing_n bequeath_v to_o you_o provide_v that_o you_o shall_v pay_v so_o much_o yearly_o to_o i_o or_o to_o such_o a_o creditor_n of_o the_o testator_n now_o the_o legatee_n enter_v into_o or_o take_v the_o thing_n bequeath_v shall_v not_o lose_v it_o again_o by_o fail_v to_o perform_v the_o condition_n afterward_o for_o the_o executor_n by_o his_o assent_n can_v make_v that_o legacy_n conditional_a which_o the_o testator_n give_v absolute_o no_o more_o than_o he_o can_v make_v that_o bequest_n to_o be_v absolute_a which_o the_o testator_n give_v conditional_o except_o by_o a_o release_n make_v of_o the_o condition_n as_o in_o other_o thing_n so_o in_o this_o the_o executor_n assent_n be_v like_a to_o the_o atturnment_n of_o a_o lessee_n which_o can_v be_v upon_o a_o condition_n subsequent_a where_o the_o grant_n be_v absolute_a or_o without_o condition_n though_o yet_o he_o may_v to_o his_o atturnment_n prefix_v a_o condition_n precedent_n in_o the_o eight_o place_n we_o be_v touch_v the_o bequest_n of_o lease_n or_o chattel_n real_a to_o consider_v what_o manner_n of_o interest_n one_o to_o who_o a_o remainder_n of_o a_o term_n after_o the_o death_n of_o another_o be_v limit_v have_v and_o whether_o he_o may_v grant_v the_o same_o or_o dispose_v thereof_o during_o the_o life_n of_o the_o first_o and_o as_o to_o that_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o he_o have_v but_o a_o possibility_n of_o remainder_n for_o that_o possible_o the_o whole_a term_n may_v be_v spend_v in_o the_o life_n of_o the_o first_o to_o who_o during_o his_o or_o her_o life_n it_o be_v bequeath_v now_o a_o mere_a possibility_n be_v not_o grantable_a therefore_o be_v it_o resolve_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n case_n where_o he_o in_o remainder_n grant_v or_o sell_v his_o state_n or_o interest_n to_o another_o during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o first_o that_o this_o grant_n be_v utter_o void_a because_o a_o possibility_n can_v be_v grant_v 48._o but_o whereas_o some_o opinion_n in_o that_o case_n be_v deliver_v that_o this_o possibility_n can_v not_o be_v release_v no_o more_o then_o grant_v it_o have_v since_o be_v resolve_v that_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n by_o his_o deed_n of_o grant_n or_o release_v to_o the_o devisee_fw-mi for_o life_n may_v make_v his_o estate_n which_o before_o be_v determinable_a by_o his_o death_n to_o be_v now_o absolute_a so_o as_o it_o shall_v continue_v to_o his_o executor_n administrator_n and_o assign_v after_o his_o death_n during_o the_o whole_a term_n it_o may_v be_v that_o what_o be_v conceive_v in_o the_o say_a case_n of_o fulsey_n negative_o of_o the_o validity_n of_o a_o release_n by_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n may_v be_v mean_v or_o perhaps_o express_v of_o a_o release_n to_o he_o in_o the_o reversion_n but_o sure_o i_o think_v though_o he_o can_v not_o surrender_v yet_o his_o release_n or_o defeasance_n to_o he_o
as_o i_o conceive_v ability_n to_o sue_v the_o debtor_n in_o his_o own_o name_n but_o in_o our_o law_n it_o be_v otherwise_o the_o suit_n must_v be_v in_o the_o executor_n name_n for_o a_o debt_n or_o thing_n in_o action_n can_v be_v assign_v except_o by_o or_o to_o the_o king_n and_o only_o at_o the_o common_a law_n be_v the_o debt_n recoverable_a but_o the_o spiritual_a court_n may_v force_v the_o executor_n to_o sue_v or_o let_v his_o name_n be_v use_v in_o the_o suit_n for_o and_o by_o the_o legatee_n if_o one_o bequeath_v all_o his_o moveable_n account_n debt_n due_a to_o he_o be_v not_o bequeath_v nor_o corn_n nor_o fruit_n grow_v on_o the_o ground_n nor_o stone_n nor_o timber_n prepare_v for_o building_n as_o the_o canonist_n and_o civilian_n hold_v on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o one_o bequeath_v the_o moiety_n of_o all_o his_o good_n the_o legatee_n shall_v have_v only_o the_o moiety_n of_o that_o which_o remain_v after_o debt_n pay_v quae._n for_o that_o only_o be_v to_o be_v account_v the_o testator_n which_o he_o have_v ultraes_fw-la alienum_fw-la 59_o by_o a_o bequest_n of_o all_o utensil_n or_o household-stuff_n supra_fw-la plate_n nor_o jewel_n be_v not_o give_v if_o one_o bequeath_v to_o his_o wife_n all_o her_o apparel_n 286._o she_o shall_v not_o have_v as_o some_o civilian_n say_v her_o ornament_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n by_o which_o be_v mean_v as_o i_o take_v it_o chain_n jewel_n bracelet_n ring_n etc._n etc._n but_o other_o be_v of_o contrary_a opinion_n except_o they_o be_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o she_o to_o wear_v if_o a_o bed_n be_v give_v by_o a_o will_n ibid._n venit_fw-la ornamentum_fw-la ejus_fw-la say_v the_o civilian_n that_o be_v the_o furniture_n thereof_o pass_v viz._n not_o only_o the_o bed_n bedsteed_o bedclothe_n but_o also_o the_o curtain_n and_o valent_n as_o i_o take_v it_o but_o i_o think_v that_o by_o gift_n of_o a_o coach_n by_o will_n the_o coach-horse_n pass_v not_o yet_o perhaps_o the_o furniture_n of_o the_o coach-horse_n may_v pass_v as_o appertenant_a to_o the_o coach_n for_o so_o i_o think_v they_o shall_v do_v rather_o than_o by_o bequest_n of_o the_o coach_n horse_n without_o the_o coach_n if_o one_o bequeath_v to_o a_o ibid._n meat_n drink_z and_o clothing_n or_o alimenta_fw-la he_o shall_v have_v say_v the_o civil_a law_n also_o lodging_n habitation_n and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o life_n viz._n as_o i_o take_v it_o fire_n and_o wash_n etc._n etc._n if_o one_o bequeath_v to_o his_o daughter_n ten_o pound_n a_o year_n for_o her_o apparrel_v b._n and_o she_o demand_v none_o in_o four_o year_n now_o shall_v she_o not_o after_o that_o time_n have_v the_o arrearage_n of_o this_o ten_o pound_n by_o year_n for_o the_o time_n pass_v if_o a_o man_n bequeath_v one_o of_o his_o horse_n or_o cow_n ibid._n not_o name_v which_o to_o i._o s._n he_o be_v to_o choose_v which_o he_o will_v so_o it_o be_v not_o the_o best_a of_o all_o say_v the_o civil_a law_n and_o perhaps_o the_o mention_n of_o that_o exception_n grow_v out_o of_o respect_n to_o the_o hariot_n which_o the_o lord_n shall_v have_v or_o the_o mortuary_n which_o the_o parson_n shall_v have_v a_o man_n bequeath_v thirty_o piece_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n to_o a_o ibid._n twenty_o to_o b_o and_o ten_o to_o c_o to_o be_v have_v in_o such_o a_o chest_n or_o casket_n and_o it_o be_v find_v after_o his_o death_n that_o there_o be_v but_o thirty_o in_o all_o in_o that_o casket_n or_o box_n now_o each_o shall_v be_v abate_v ratable_o say_v my_o summist_n so_o as_o a_o shall_v have_v fifteen_o b_o ten_o and_o c_o five_o and_o this_o stand_v with_o good_a reason_n and_o justice_n for_o so_o each_o have_v a_o proportionable_a part_n and_o it_o be_v reasonable_a that_o it_o be_v by_o parliament_n establish_v for_o law_n that_o all_o both_o legatee_n and_o creditor_n shall_v be_v pay_v in_o like_a proportion_n where_o the_o state_n will_v not_o suffice_v for_o full_a payment_n of_o each_o rather_o than_o that_o a_o executor_n shall_v have_v power_n to_o pay_v one_o all_o and_o another_o nothing_o yet_o if_o the_o testator_n leave_v sufficient_a to_o make_v good_a all_o those_o sixty_o piece_n bequeath_v quae._n if_o that_o which_o be_v want_v in_o the_o casket_n shall_v not_o be_v supply_v and_o make_v up_o for_o if_o the_o case_n follow_v find_v with_o the_o same_o author_n be_v good_a law_n it_o shall_v seem_v so_o to_o be_v if_o one_o 286._o say_v he_o bequeath_v to_o i._o s._n that_o which_o be_v another_o man_n and_o whereto_o the_o testator_n have_v no_o right_a then_o ought_v his_o executor_n to_o buy_v it_o and_o give_v it_o to_o the_o legatee_n or_o else_o satisfy_v he_o to_o the_o full_a value_n and_o this_o not_o only_o by_o the_o civil_a but_o also_o by_o the_o canon_n law_n and_o in_o foro_fw-la conscientiae_fw-la say_v my_o author_n again_o if_o a_o bequeath_v to_o b_o such_o a_o horse_n by_o name_n 287._o and_o after_o sell_v away_o that_o horse_n and_o die_v now_o be_v his_o executor_n bind_v to_o answer_v the_o value_n thereof_o to_o b_o and_o if_o the_o testator_n after_o his_o sale_n of_o that_o horse_n have_v buy_v another_o and_o call_v he_o by_o the_o same_o name_n as_o the_o first_o now_o shall_v this_o late_a horse_n pass_v to_o b_o say_v the_o book_n except_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v that_o the_o testator_n sell_v the_o former_a horse_n of_o purpose_n to_o revoke_v his_o will_n touch_v that_o bequest_n so_o again_o find_v i_o 286._o that_o if_o one_o have_v but_o a_o moiety_n or_o one_o half_a of_o green_n close_o or_o of_o a_o stack_n of_o corn_n or_o other_o chattel_n do_v give_v the_o whole_a so_o as_o the_o word_n be_v apparent_a to_o reach_v to_o more_o than_o his_o moiety_n then_o must_v the_o executor_n buy_v out_o the_o other_o part_n for_o the_o legatee_n or_o give_v he_o the_o value_n but_o if_o the_o word_n be_v but_o general_a so_o as_o they_o may_v be_v reasonable_o satisfy_v with_o the_o testator_n part_n no_o supply_n shall_v be_v make_v so_o also_o if_o one_o have_v good_n in_o pledge_n bequeath_v they_o it_o shall_v be_v construe_v to_o extend_v no_o further_o than_o his_o right_n a_o bequest_n be_v make_v of_o a_o hundred_o pound_n to_o be_v pay_v at_o a_o future_a time_n a._n viz._n divers_a year_n after_o the_o testator_n death_n a_o question_n be_v make_v by_o the_o summist_n whether_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o money_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n shall_v go_v to_o the_o legatee_n or_o the_o executor_n and_o he_o resolve_v with_o this_o difference_n if_o the_o day_n be_v give_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o legatee_n be_v a_o infant_n who_o can_v not_o safe_o receive_v it_o any_o soon_o than_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o profit_n but_o if_o the_o respite_n of_o payment_n be_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o executor_n then_o shall_v the_o legatee_n have_v but_o the_o bare_a sum_n without_o any_o addition_n of_o mean_a profit_n if_o one_o bequeath_v all_o his_o term_n or_o good_n to_o his_o executor_n for_o payment_n of_o his_o debt_n 331._o or_o debt_n and_o legacy_n it_o be_v a_o void_a bequest_n because_o it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o law_n will_v say_v if_o he_o have_v say_v nothing_o b._n so_o if_o it_o be_v general_o to_o perform_v his_o will_n a._n if_o one_o seize_v in_o fee_n simple_a of_o land_n bequeath_v it_o to_o his_o executor_n to_o pay_v debt_n the_o executor_n have_v no_o state_n of_o freehold_n for_o if_o he_o shall_v than_o it_o must_v be_v either_o for_o life_n which_o may_v end_v by_o his_o quick_a death_n before_o debt_n pay_v or_o in_o fee-simple_n which_o will_v carry_v away_o the_o land_n for_o ever_o from_o the_o heir_n where_o perhaps_o a_o few_o year_n profit_n may_v suffice_v to_o satisfy_v the_o debt_n yea_o then_o by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o executor_n the_o land_n shall_v descend_v to_o his_o heir_n and_o not_o go_v to_o his_o executor_n who_o will_v be_v executor_n of_o the_o first_o testator_n if_o one_o give_v or_o grant_v all_o his_o good_n have_v lease_n for_o year_n as_o well_o as_o moveable_n life_n the_o lease_n shall_v not_o pass_v 43._o as_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o time_n of_o ed._n the_o 6._o and_o so_o also_o be_v it_o admit_v in_o portmans_n case_n argue_v for_o the_o word_n bona_fw-la comprehend_v only_a moveable_n by_o the_o better_a opinion_n there_o but_o the_o point_n in_o that_o case_n be_v pertinent_a to_o this_o place_n viz._n a_o bequest_n in_o a_o will_n of_o all_o the_o testator_n good_n and_o whether_o thereby_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n pass_v or_o not_o be_v divers_a time_n debate_v but_o not_o resolve_v the_o judge_n differ_v in_o opinion_n in_o that_o point_n but_o in_o
another_o point_n which_o make_v a_o end_n of_o the_o case_n all_o agree_v yet_o the_o better_a opinion_n be_v as_o i_o find_v in_o my_o report_n that_o a_o lease_n will_v pass_v by_o such_o word_n in_o a_o will_n though_o not_o in_o a_o deed_n or_o grant_n by_o word_n otherwise_o make_v for_o that_o legacy_n be_v demandable_a in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n where_o bona_fw-la &_o catalla_fw-la be_v take_v for_o all_o one_o 28._o see_v also_o the_o state_n of_o marlbr_n give_v a_o action_n to_o the_o successor_n ad_fw-la repetenda_fw-la bona_fw-la predecess_n yet_o a_o eject_v custod_a have_v be_v maintain_v thereupon_o sea_n so_o also_o upon_o the_o stat_fw-la for_o executor_n de_fw-fr bonis_fw-la asportatis_fw-la in_o vita_fw-la testator_n have_v it_o be_v resolve_v and_o where_o administration_n be_v grant_v it_o be_v only_o omnium_fw-la bonorum_fw-la without_o speak_v of_o chattel_n yet_o have_v the_o administrator_n interest_n in_o lease_n as_o well_o as_o moveable_n 16._o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o stat_fw-la de_fw-fr prerog_n reg_fw-la mention_v only_a forfeiture_n de_fw-la catallis_fw-la be_v clear_o extend_v to_o moveable_n so_o also_o in_o the_o writ_n of_o assize_n de_fw-fr catallis_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o eo_fw-la capta_fw-la fuerint_fw-la comprehend_v and_o in_o the_o writ_n of_o execution_n upon_o a_o stat_fw-la there_o be_v only_o the_o word_n catalla_o and_o not_o bona_fw-la and_o in_o the_o case_n report_v by_o kelway_n temp_n henry_n the_o 7_o the_o it_o seem_v bona_fw-la &_o catalla_fw-la be_v take_v for_o synonyma_fw-la or_o all_o one_o a._n it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o these_o stat_fw-la and_o writ_n be_v allege_v or_o consider_v of_o temp_n ed._n 6._o but_o in_o portmans_n case_n the_o most_o of_o they_o be_v if_o one_o will_v that_o his_o wife_n or_o any_o other_o shall_v have_v or_o hold_v or_o enjoy_v the_o moiety_n of_o his_o lease_n with_o his_o executor_n this_o imply_v not_o that_o the_o executor_n have_v the_o other_o moiety_n as_o a_o legacy_n also_o but_o otherwise_o as_o the_o law_n cast_v it_o upon_o he_o no_o more_o than_o where_o the_o moiety_n of_o fee-simple_n land_n be_v devise_v to_o the_o young_a son_n this_o shall_v not_o make_v the_o elder_a son_n to_o have_v the_o other_o moiety_n otherwise_o then_o by_o descent_n as_o between_o low_a and_o charter_n be_v conceive_v but_o there_o be_v a_o proviso_n in_o the_o wife_n bequest_n that_o if_o she_o marry_v from_o the_o house_n reg_fw-la than_o etc._n etc._n popham_n cap._n justice_n hold_v that_o if_o she_o marry_v at_o all_o this_o be_v a_o marry_n from_o the_o house_n for_o she_o be_v no_o long_a widow_n of_o that_o house_n though_o she_o marry_v with_o one_o of_o that_o kindred_n and_o who_o have_v no_o other_o house_n but_o will_v dwell_v in_o the_o bequeath_v cap._n xx._n of_o the_o executor_n of_o a_o executor_n i_o shall_v be_v tax_v of_o omission_n if_o i_o shall_v not_o show_v whether_o the_o thing_n fore-spoken_a of_o executor_n 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stat_fw-la temp_n h._n 8._o give_v remedy_n to_o executor_n for_o recovery_n of_o rent_n of_o inheritance_n behind_o in_o the_o testator_n life_n 27._o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o executor_n of_o executor_n be_v within_o the_o equity_n as_o well_o as_o within_o the_o stat._n 9_o ed._n 3._o cap._n 3._o that_o the_o executor_n who_o appear_v at_o the_o grand_a distress_n shall_v answer_v alone_o conveyance_n yet_o the_o statute_n westm_n 2._o cap._n 23._o for_o executor_n be_v take_v not_o to_o extend_v to_o executor_n of_o executor_n 45._o quod_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la lex_fw-la so_o as_o now_o in_o all_o case_n except_v of_o special_a trust_n or_o authority_n 62._o without_o the_o office_n of_o executorship_n the_o executor_n of_o a_o executor_n how_o far_o soever_o in_o degree_n remote_a stand_v as_o to_o the_o point_n both_o of_o be_v have_v and_o do_v in_o the_o same_o state_n and_o plight_n as_o the_o first_o and_o immediate_a executor_n cap._n xxi_o touch_v administrator_n of_o these_o also_o as_o stand_v in_o much_o affinity_n with_o executor_n it_o may_v be_v by_o some_o expect_v that_o i_o shall_v have_v treat_v but_o first_o my_o excuse_n be_v that_o these_o of_o executor_n only_o have_v grow_v to_o so_o great_a a_o bulk_n above_o expectation_n i_o be_v unwilling_a to_o enlarge_v it_o further_o second_o that_o which_o in_o the_o point_n of_o have_v and_o do_v be_v before_o set_v forth_o and_o show_v touch_v executor_n may_v be_v apply_v to_o and_o understand_v of_o administrator_n sthough_o not_o what_o be_v speak_v of_o be_v and_o unbeing_n or_o revocation_n of_o executorship_n and_o other_o circumstantial_a point_n last_o i_o may_v perhaps_o if_o these_o find_v good_a acceptance_n ad_fw-la ere_o long_o that_o which_o appertain_v to_o administrator_n distinguish_v from_o executor_n or_o wherein_o they_o stand_v in_o different_a state_n cap._n xxii_o consideration_n in_o conscience_n touch_v payment_n of_o debt_n legacy_n and_o the_o prefer_n or_o 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shall_v be_v say_v so_o to_o come_v to_o their_o hand_n as_o to_o charge_v they_o 1_o in_o thing_n real_a 130_o 2_o in_o thing_n personal_a 132_o 2_o what_o shall_v be_v say_v such_o a_o lose_n or_o go_v from_o they_o as_o to_o excuse_v they_o 137_o chap._n xi_o of_o a_o executor_n have_v asset_n how_o far_o and_o where_o he_o be_v chargeable_a and_o liable_a to_o action_n 1_o payment_n of_o debt_n by_o specialty_n or_o record_n 141_o 2_o of_o debt_n or_o duty_n by_o simple_a contract_n without_o specialty_n 145_o 3_o of_o debt_n without_o either_o contract_n or_o specialty_n 149_o 4_o of_o covenant_n charge_v executor_n by_o deed_n or_o specialty_n 150_o 5_o of_o wrong_n do_v by_o testator_n and_o how_o far_o the_o executor_n be_v liable_a to_o make_v amends_o 155_o the_o office_n of_o executor_n the_o thing_n considerable_a touch_v executor_n introduction_n may_v all_o in_o effect_n be_v reduce_v to_o these_o three_o head_n viz._n 1._o their_o be_v 2._o their_o have_v 3._o their_o 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may_v be_v some_o doubt_n since_o keble_n deny_v he_o ability_n to_o present_v to_o a_o church_n testam_fw-la and_o in_o the_o very_a point_n ancient_o the_o opinion_n of_o canonist_n have_v be_v negative_a but_o more_o late_o grow_v affirmative_a who_o may_v be_v executor_n â—_o more_o a_o excommunicate_a person_n can_v sue_v that_o be_v proceed_v in_o suit_n as_o executor_n till_o he_o be_v absolve_v there_o be_v danger_n of_o excommunication_n to_o all_o that_o converse_v with_o he_o but_o this_o make_v not_o a_o nullity_n of_o his_o executorship_n nor_o over_o throw_v the_o suit_n but_o stay_v it_o only_o from_o proceed_v until_o absolution_n just_a as_o for_o person_n attaint_v or_o outlaw_v we_o have_v before_o speak_v affirmative_o in_o way_n of_o proof_n that_o they_o may_v make_v executor_n for_o continuation_n of_o the_o executorship_n 5._o so_o of_o alien_n and_o other_o before_o recusant_n convict_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o death_n of_o any_o testator_n be_v disable_v to_o be_v his_o executor_n whether_o corporation_n compound_v or_o consist_v of_o divers_a person_n may_v be_v make_v executor_n or_o not_o i_o doubt_v first_o because_o they_o can_v be_v feoffee_n in_o trust_n to_o other_o use_v second_o they_o be_v a_o body_n frame_v for_o a_o special_a purpose_n three_o they_o can_v come_v to_o prove_v a_o will_n or_o at_o least_o to_o take_v a_o oath_n as_o other_o do_v what_o a_o man_n may_v give_v or_o dispose_v by_o his_o will._n have_v consider_v of_o the_o maker_n of_o executor_n by_o will_n and_o of_o they_o so_o make_v let_v we_o now_o consider_v what_o by_o this_o will_n may_v be_v dispose_v give_v 25._o or_o bequeath_v and_o first_o he_o who_o himself_o be_v a_o executor_n can_v by_o his_o will_n give_v or_o bequeath_v to_o any_o
other_o the_o good_n chattel_n or_o credit_n he_o have_v as_o executor_n the_o property_n not_o be_v alter_v for_o that_o he_o have_v not_o they_o proper_o as_o his_o own_o or_o to_o his_o own_o use_n only_o he_o may_v make_v a_o continuation_n of_o the_o executorship_n and_o his_o executor_n shall_v have_v they_o as_o executor_n to_o the_o first_o testator_n as_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o both_o bench_n eliz._n in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n and_o if_o he_o be_v administrator_n the_o bequest_n be_v then_o also_o void_a nor_o then_o will_v they_o go_v to_o his_o executor_n but_o to_o a_o new_a administrator_n but_o on_o his_o deathbed_n he_o may_v give_v they_o by_o word_n or_o deed_n property_n though_o not_o by_o will._n next_o if_o a_o man_n have_v debt_n owe_v to_o he_o as_o many_o have_v much_o it_o be_v considerable_a whether_o by_o way_n of_o bequest_n in_o his_o will_n he_o can_v give_v away_o these_o to_o any_o from_o his_o executor_n 15._o and_o doubtless_o he_o can_v effectual_o in_o law_n it_o they_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o assignment_n unto_o any_o except_o the_o king_n so_o as_o if_o he_o give_v such_o a_o debt_n to_o a._n and_o such_o to_o b._n yet_o must_v the_o suit_n for_o they_o be_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o executor_n and_o so_o also_o the_o release_n or_o acquittance_n for_o they_o and_o not_o in_o their_o name_n to_o who_o the_o bequest_n be_v but_o when_o they_o be_v receive_v if_o there_o be_v no_o debt_n to_o pay_v 〈◊〉_d the_o executor_n ought_v to_o deliver_v they_o to_o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o bequest_n be_v 9_o and_o therefore_o may_v be_v compel_v in_o court_n of_o conscience_n or_o in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n therefore_o the_o case_n of_o the_o bequeath_v money_n payable_a upon_o a_o mortgage_n be_v in_o this_o manner_n to_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v good_a and_o not_o otherwise_o as_o i_o take_v it_o grant_n he_o that_o be_v joint_o with_o any_o other_o estate_v in_o land_n or_o good_n grant_n can_v give_v no_o part_n by_o his_o will_n but_o all_o will_v survive_v but_o by_o act_n in_o his_o life_n he_o may_v dispose_v of_o his_o part_n and_o the_o assignee_n may_v dispose_v of_o his_o moiety_n by_o will_n common_a yea_o though_o it_o be_v half_a a_o horse_n or_o ox_n that_o can_v be_v divide_v so_o of_o a_o lease_n of_o land_n or_o tithe_n or_o grant_v of_o good_n to_o two_o habendum_fw-la one_o moiety_n to_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o moiety_n to_o the_o other_a each_o may_v give_v his_o moiety_n by_o will._n but_o if_o one_o be_v possess_v or_o estate_v for_o year_n by_o lease_n wardship_n or_o extent_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n or_o have_v the_o next_o avoidance_n of_o a_o church_n in_o her_o right_n he_o can_v by_o will_v give_v or_o bequeath_v any_o of_o these_o but_o notwithstanding_o they_o will_v remain_v unto_o his_o wife_n upon_o his_o death_n but_o yet_o his_o gift_n or_o grant_v of_o they_o take_v effect_n in_o his_o life_n time_n will_v bind_v his_o wife_n and_o carry_v away_o the_o interest_n from_o she_o if_o one_o be_v tenant_n for_o the_o life_n of_o one_o or_o more_o other_o as_o oft_o time_n man_n take_v lease_n for_o life_n of_o young_a person_n than_o themselves_o this_o can_v be_v by_o will_n dispose_v of_o for_o that_o it_o be_v no_o chattel_n nor_o be_v it_o within_o the_o statute_n of_o will_n for_o that_o it_o be_v no_o state_n of_o inheritance_n therefore_o let_v the_o party_n look_v to_o convey_v it_o in_o his_o life_n time_n lest_o it_o go_v to_o a_o occupant_a viz._n he_o who_o first_o shall_v enter_v if_o it_o be_v a_o state_n in_o land_n he_o must_v either_o make_v livery_n have_v a_o bargain_n and_o sale_n enrol_v or_o covenant_v to_o stand_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o wife_n or_o some_o of_o his_o blood_n or_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n determinable_a upon_o those_o life_n good_a it_o be_v by_o bargain_n and_o sale_n for_o year_n if_o the_o thing_n be_v in_o lease_n that_o so_o without_o enrolment_n or_o atturnment_n the_o rent_n may_v pass_v else_o a_o bargain_n and_o sale_n may_v be_v make_v for_o a_o month_n or_o such_o like_a time_n and_o then_o a_o release_n or_o grant_v of_o the_o reversion_n in_o stead_n of_o levery_n &_o seisin_n but_o if_o a_o man_n have_v a_o lease_n for_o never_o so_o many_o year_n determinable_a upon_o life_n or_o life_n that_o be_v if_o such_o or_o such_o live_v so_o long_o which_o unskilled_a person_n call_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n this_o state_n may_v well_o enough_o be_v give_v and_o dispose_v by_o will_n because_o it_o be_v but_o a_o chattel_n if_o a_o man_n seize_v in_o fee_n or_o in_o tail_n of_o land_n have_v corn_n grow_v upon_o it_o and_o by_o his_o will_n do_v give_v the_o corn_n and_o die_v before_o severance_n this_o be_v a_o good_a bequest_n because_o the_o corn_n shall_v have_v go_v to_o the_o executor_n so_o it_o be_v also_o of_o a_o parson_n touch_v his_o glebe_n and_o a_o man_n seize_v in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n or_o his_o own_o right_a but_o for_o life_n etc._n but_o as_o for_o tree_n grow_v upon_o the_o ground_n these_o can_v no_o otherwise_o be_v give_v by_o will_n then_o as_o the_o land_n itself_o upon_o which_o they_o grow_v itself_o may_v be_v give_v of_o which_o matter_n as_o not_o pertain_v to_o the_o office_n of_o executor_n viz._n how_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n land_n may_v be_v give_v by_o will_n i_o intend_v not_o to_o treat_v in_o these_o discourse_n of_o the_o revocation_n and_o countermand_n of_o will_n and_o new_a publication_n have_v consider_v of_o the_o make_n of_o will_n and_o executor_n let_v we_o before_o we_o come_v to_o the_o probat_fw-la consider_v of_o revocation_n for_o that_o may_v take_v away_o the_o force_n of_o a_o will_v right_o make_v consuramatur_fw-la a_o will_v therefore_o have_v two_o part_n viz._n inception_n which_o be_v the_o make_n and_o consummation_n which_o be_v the_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n or_o maker_n of_o the_o will_n a._n there_o be_v power_n in_o he_o at_o any_o time_n before_o death_n to_o revoke_v or_o alter_v his_o will_n at_o his_o pleasure_n consider_v we_o therefore_o of_o revocation_n and_o also_o of_o new_a publication_n or_o reaffirmance_n of_o will_n in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n as_o therefore_o a_o will_n may_v be_v make_v by_o word_n so_o also_o may_v a_o will_n make_v in_o write_v be_v by_o word_n revoke_v or_o disannul_v for_o since_o every_o make_n of_o a_o late_a will_n be_v a_o countermand_n and_o suppression_n of_o the_o former_a will_n and_o since_o a_o will_n may_v be_v make_v nuncupative_o or_o by_o word_n and_o so_o by_o make_v a_o verbal_a will_n one_o may_v revoke_v a_o write_a will._n it_o will_v thereupon_o follow_v that_o one_o by_o word_n may_v express_v the_o alteration_n of_o his_o mind_n thus_o far_o that_o the_o will_n by_o he_o former_o make_v shall_v not_o stand_v but_o be_v revoke_v and_o annul_v and_o this_o will_v stand_v and_o be_v effectual_a so_o as_o if_o he_o after_o die_v without_o make_v any_o new_a will_n or_o new_a publication_n or_o reaffirmance_n of_o the_o former_a he_o die_v intestate_a or_o without_o will_n as_o a_o will_n may_v be_v whole_o revoke_v so_o also_o in_o part_n hereabout_o a_o good_a resolution_n be_v in_o a_o kentish_a case_n where_o one_o ryete_n by_o his_o will_n in_o writing_n do_v give_v some_o gavelkinde_n land_n to_o one_o harrison_n and_o five_o day_n before_o his_o death_n say_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o witness_n that_o this_o gift_n shall_v not_o stand_v and_o that_o he_o will_v alter_v it_o when_o he_o come_v home_o desire_v they_o to_o bear_v witness_n of_o his_o revocation_n now_o before_o he_o come_v home_o he_o be_v kill_v by_o the_o say_v harrison_n who_o cause_v the_o will_n in_o writing_n to_o be_v prove_v and_o after_o he_o be_v attaint_v and_o hang_v for_o the_o murder_n and_o his_o son_n by_o the_o custom_n of_o kent_n viz._n the_o father_n to_o the_o bough_n and_o the_o son_n to_o the_o plough_n enter_v into_o the_o land_n b._n and_o this_o manner_n of_o revocation_n by_o word_n only_o be_v hold_v sufficient_a although_o the_o will_n in_o writing_n be_v not_o cancel_v nor_o deface_v 60._o and_o the_o like_a resolution_n for_o verbal_a revocation_n be_v employ_v in_o the_o case_n of_o forse_n and_o hembling_n where_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n or_o marry_v woman_n by_o word_n countermanding_n and_o revoke_v she_o will_v former_o make_v when_o she_o be_v a_o sole_a or_o unmarried_a woman_n this_o be_v not_o effectual_a nor_o of_o force_n by_o reason_n of_o her_o coverture_n take_v away_o the_o freedom_n of_o her_o
in_o tithe_n advowsons_n commons_o fair_n and_o like_a thing_n be_v grant_v or_o assign_v otherwise_o then_o by_o deed_n yet_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o such_o a_o state_n for_o year_n in_o any_o of_o these_o may_v be_v give_v by_o will_n as_o well_o as_o a_o lease_n of_o land_n which_o prove_v a_o will_n to_o have_v the_o force_n and_o effect_n of_o a_o deed_n of_o make_v a_o debtor_n or_o creditor_n executor_n and_o first_o of_o the_o debtor_n make_v executor_n suppose_v we_o then_o that_o a._n and_o b._n be_v make_v executor_n the_o testator_n be_v indebt_v to_o a._n twenty_o pound_n and_o b._n be_v indebt_v to_o the_o testator_n twenty_o pound_n how_o do_v thing_n stand_v present_o upon_o death_n it_o first_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o the_o debt_n of_o b._n to_o the_o testator_n stand_v in_o law_n extinct_a this_o make_n of_o he_o executor_n be_v a_o release_n in_o law_n therefore_o let_v debtee_n take_v heed_n of_o make_v their_o debtor_n executor_n and_o yet_o doubtless_o i_o think_v suh_o a_o debtor_n make_v executor_n shall_v hold_v himself_o restrain_v in_o conscience_n from_o take_v benefit_n thereof_o 4._o if_o the_o debt_n remit_v there_o shall_v want_v to_o satisfy_v either_o debt_n or_o legacy_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o i_o doubt_v whether_o a_o court_n of_o conscience_n may_v not_o just_o so_o order_n the_o testator_n be_v perhaps_o ignorant_a of_o this_o point_n in_o law_n that_o this_o debt_n shall_v be_v release_v by_o make_v the_o debtor_n executor_n 38._o and_o what_o be_v speak_v of_o make_v the_o debtor_n executor_n general_o the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o make_v any_o one_o of_o the_o debtor_n executor_n vavaser_n where_o there_o be_v many_o joint_a debtor_n and_o so_o also_o where_o many_o executor_n be_v make_v and_o but_o one_o of_o they_o be_v debtor_n to_o the_o testator_n for_o they_o can_v sue_v without_o make_v he_o who_o be_v the_o debtor_n also_o a_o plaintiff_n trespassor_n which_o he_o can_v do_v against_o himself_o the_o like_a law_n touch_v action_n of_o trespass_n or_o account_v yet_o of_o old_a where_o one_o make_v his_o bayley_n one_o of_o his_o executor_n together_o with_o a._n and_o b._n who_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o account_n against_o the_o bayley_n in_o their_o two_o name_n only_o justice_n herle_n hold_v the_o action_n well_o bring_v 23._o this_o be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o his_o time_n but_o the_o contrary_n have_v be_v since_o resolve_v choke_v some_o also_o have_v hold_v that_o though_o in_o the_o life_n of_o this_o executor_n who_o be_v a_o debtor_n 17._o he_o can_v not_o be_v sue_v yet_o after_o his_o death_n the_o survive_a executor_n may_v sue_v his_o executor_n 36_o but_o that_o can_v be_v as_o i_o take_v it_o for_o that_o the_o debt_n be_v utter_o extinct_a by_o the_o make_n of_o he_o executor_n as_o if_o the_o testator_n have_v release_v it_o to_o he_o 185._o yea_o though_o this_o executor_n die_v before_o he_o do_v ever_o administer_v or_o prove_v the_o will._n and_o like_o extinguishment_n of_o the_o debt_n 84._o if_o the_o creditor_n marry_v with_o one_o of_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o debtor_n yet_o be_v there_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n maintain_v temp_n edward_n 3_o by_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n 82_o against_o the_o husband_n and_o other_o executor_n upon_o a_o obligation_n by_o the_o testator_n to_o the_o wife_n before_o her_o marriage_n but_o if_o a_o debtor_n take_v administration_n of_o the_o good_n of_o his_o creditor_n this_o i_o think_v shall_v not_o discharge_v he_o but_o that_o his_o debt_n shall_v stand_v as_o assett_n in_o his_o hand_n because_o the_o intestate_a do_v no_o act_n to_o free_v he_o from_o the_o debt_n the_o debtor_n or_o creditor_n make_v executor_n this_o make_n of_o the_o debtee_n executor_n and_o so_o the_o party_n who_o both_o shall_v pay_v and_o be_v pay_v the_o debt_n give_v he_o clear_o power_n to_o pay_v himself_o before_o any_o other_o if_o his_o debt_n be_v by_o specialty_n or_o upon_o record_n alter_v nay_o some_o have_v hold_v that_o so_o much_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n shall_v be_v alter_v in_o property_n out_o of_o the_o executor_n as_o executor_n into_o he_o as_o creditor_n but_o how_o that_o can_v be_v i_o can_v see_v for_o whether_o shall_v it_o be_v satisfy_v out_o of_o the_o lease_n and_o chattel_n real_a or_o personal_a whether_o out_o of_o the_o corn_n in_o the_o barn_n executor_n cattle_n in_o the_o field_n plate_n or_o housholdstuffe_n this_o till_o some_o election_n make_v by_o this_o debtee_n executor_n can_v be_v know_v nor_o shall_v be_v effect_v by_o any_o operation_n of_o law_n prevent_v the_o executor_n election_n in_o take_v his_o satisfaction_n where_o and_o how_o he_o will_n for_o certain_o as_o a_o executor_n have_v election_n to_o pay_v which_o creditor_n he_o will_v first_o so_o have_v he_o election_n to_o pay_v and_o satisfy_v himself_o debt_n by_o what_o part_n of_o the_o testator_n good_n he_o will_v yet_o perhaps_o if_o there_o be_v ready_a money_n in_o the_o executor_n hand_n there_o shall_v be_v a_o alteration_n of_o the_o property_n of_o so_o much_o thereof_o as_o be_v owe_v by_o the_o testator_n to_o the_o executor_n and_o if_o there_o come_v not_o to_o the_o hand_n of_o such_o executor_n 3._o sufficient_a to_o pay_v himself_o he_o may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o the_o other_a executor_n or_o the_o heir_n as_o by_o some_o have_v be_v conceive_v yet_o let_v it_o be_v well_o advise_v of_o whether_o if_o he_o do_v administer_v at_o all_o and_o special_o if_o he_o pay_v himself_o any_o part_n he_o have_v not_o thereby_o bar_v or_o disable_v his_o suit_n for_o the_o residue_n but_o if_o he_o refuse_v to_o administer_v at_o all_o debt_n it_o be_v very_o unreasonable_a that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o sue_v the_o other_o executor_n for_o so_o a_o debtor_n may_v by_o subtlety_n make_v his_o creditor_n a_o executor_n with_o other_o and_o take_v a_o course_n that_o his_o good_n shall_v come_v only_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o those_o other_o so_o as_o the_o debtor_n can_v not_o pay_v himself_o and_o consequent_o if_o he_o can_v not_o sue_v the_o other_o executor_n he_o shall_v thus_o be_v strip_v of_o his_o debt_n by_o a_o sleight_n quaere_fw-la if_o he_o may_v bring_v the_o action_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o other_o executor_n only_o the_o will_n be_v prove_v in_o his_o name_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o rest_n or_o whether_o the_o action_n shall_v be_v bring_v in_o his_o name_n also_o and_o then_o he_o be_v sever_v at_o his_o own_o prayer_n but_o against_o the_o heir_n there_o be_v none_o to_o join_v with_o he_o executor_n and_o he_o may_v he_o sue_v if_o he_o have_v not_o administer_v as_o executor_n this_o admit_v that_o the_o bond_n extend_v to_o the_o heir_n which_o without_o express_a word_n it_o do_v not_o though_o for_o the_o executor_n it_o be_v otherwise_o thus_o have_v consider_v of_o the_o state_n of_o thing_n before_o and_o without_o any_o will_n prove_v or_o other_o act_n do_v by_o executor_n we_o shall_v now_o come_v to_o the_o point_n of_o proof_n but_o two_o thing_n pertinent_a to_o it_o be_v in_o order_n precedent_n 1._o what_o may_v be_v do_v by_o or_o to_o a_o executor_n before_o prove_v of_o the_o will._n 2._o of_o refusal_n and_o the_o thing_n incident_a thereunto_o before_o probate_v what_o may_v be_v do_v by_o or_o to_o executor_n as_o to_o this_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o before_o prove_v of_o a_o will_n by_o the_o executor_n he_o may_v seize_v and_o take_v into_o his_o hand_n any_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n yea_o enter_v into_o the_o house_n of_o the_o heir_n if_o not_o lock_v so_o to_o do_v and_o to_o take_v the_o specialty_n of_o debt_n and_o general_o he_o may_v do_v all_o thing_n 18._o which_o to_o the_o office_n of_o a_o executor_n pertain_v except_o only_o bring_v of_o action_n and_o prosecution_n of_o suit_n ordinary_a he_o may_v pay_v debt_n receive_v debt_n make_v acquittance_n and_o release_v of_o debt_n due_a to_o the_o testator_n and_o take_v lease_n or_o acquittance_n of_o debt_n owe_v by_o the_o testator_n yea_o if_o before_o such_o prove_v the_o day_n incur_v for_o payment_n upon_o bond_n make_v by_o or_o to_o the_o testator_n payment_n must_v be_v make_v to_o or_o by_o this_o executor_n though_o no_o will_v be_v prove_v upon_o like_a pain_n of_o forfeiture_n as_o if_o the_o will_n be_v prove_v also_o a_o executor_n may_v before_o probate_n sell_v or_o give_v away_o any_o of_o the_o good_n or_o chattel_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o whereas_o the_o assent_n of_o a_o executor_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o settle_n and_o execution_n of_o a_o legacy_n as_o
before_o have_v be_v show_v so_o as_o if_o one_o give_v i_o his_o white_a horse_n or_o black_a cow_n by_o will_n or_o any_o other_o well_o know_v thing_n i_o can_v after_o his_o death_n take_v it_o eliz._n though_o i_o come_v where_o it_o be_v but_o be_o punishable_a by_o action_n of_o trespass_n at_o the_o executor_n suit_n if_o he_o do_v not_o assent_v yet_o a_o executor_n before_o the_o will_v prove_v may_v give_v this_o assent_n and_o it_o will_v stand_v good_a yea_o although_o he_o die_v after_o any_o of_o these_o act_n do_v the_o will_n be_v never_o prove_v by_o he_o yet_o do_v these_o act_n so_o do_v stand_v firm_a and_o good_a as_o i_o take_v it_o yet_o as_o i_o find_v a_o executor_n make_v his_o will_n and_o die_v before_o he_o have_v prove_v the_o will_n of_o his_o testator_n his_o executor_n may_v not_o prove_v both_o the_o will_n and_o so_o become_v executor_n to_o both_o the_o testator_n 372._o but_o in_o case_n the_o good_n be_v after_o debt_n pay_v bequeath_v to_o the_o executor_n his_o executor_n may_v take_v administration_n of_o the_o first_o testator_n good_n with_o the_o will_v annex_v as_o by_o doctor_n drury_n be_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n declare_v to_o be_v the_o law_n and_o course_n of_o the_o court_n spiritual_a to_o which_o credit_n be_v give_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o our_o law_n and_o the_o court_n of_o star-chamber_n for_o though_o the_o book_n do_v not_o mention_v it_o to_o have_v be_v in_o star-chamber_n it_o be_v elsewhere_o so_o report_v yea_o a_o executor_n for_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n take_v from_o he_o fox_n or_o a_o trespass_n do_v upon_o the_o lease_n land_n or_o a_o distrayn_v or_o impound_v of_o good_n or_o cattle_n may_v maintain_v before_o the_o will_v be_v prove_v action_n of_o trespass_n or_o replevin_n or_o detinue_v for_o these_o action_n arise_v upon_o the_o executor_n own_o possession_n but_o before_o the_o prove_v of_o a_o will_n a_o executor_n can_v maintain_v a_o suit_n or_o action_n of_o debt_n or_o the_o like_a and_o the_o reason_n be_v for_o that_o therein_o he_o must_v show_v forth_o the_o will_v prove_v under_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o ordinary_a and_o so_o as_o i_o take_v it_o must_v it_o be_v if_o he_o bring_v any_o action_n for_o trespass_v do_v or_o good_n take_v in_o the_o testator_n life_n time_n so_o as_o the_o testator_n himself_o be_v entitle_v to_o the_o action_n and_o it_o grow_v not_o upon_o the_o executor_n possession_n a._n i_o find_v that_o a_o executor_n grant_v the_o next_o avoidance_n of_o a_o church_n which_o to_o he_o come_v from_o the_o testator_n the_o grantee_n mainetain_v a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la without_o show_v forth_o the_o will_n a._n but_o the_o executor_n himself_o may_v so_o have_v do_v as_o of_o his_o own_o possession_n before_o the_o will_v prove_v and_o so_o without_o show_v it_o under_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o spiritual_a court_n as_o well_o as_o action_n of_o trespass_n or_o replevin_n for_o good_n take_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n yet_o in_o the_o principal_a case_n of_o greysbrooke_n and_o fox_n which_o be_v a_o action_n of_o detinue_n by_o the_o executor_n for_o good_n take_v or_o detain_v after_o the_o testator_n death_n b._n the_o plaintiff_n do_v show_v forth_o the_o will_v prove_v but_o that_o prove_v not_o any_o necessity_n thereof_o or_o that_o if_o the_o will_n have_v not_o be_v prove_v it_o can_v be_v no_o hurt_n to_o show_v it_o forth_o so_o upon_o his_o own_o contract_n for_o the_o testator_n good_n as_o if_o the_o executor_n sell_v cattle_n or_o other_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n before_o the_o will_v prove_v he_o may_v for_o the_o money_n payable_a maintain_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n before_o he_o have_v prove_v any_o will_n and_o in_o this_o and_o the_o action_n of_o trespass_n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o name_v he_o executor_n also_o on_o the_o other_a side_n a_o executor_n may_v well_o enough_o be_v sue_v for_o debt_n of_o the_o testator_n before_o the_o will_v be_v prove_v for_o he_o may_v not_o by_o his_o own_o act_n of_o delay_v the_o probate_n of_o the_o will_n keep_v off_o suit_n except_o he_o will_v refuse_v in_o due_a manner_n that_o so_o administration_n be_v grant_v there_o may_v be_v some_o body_n suable_a by_o the_o testator_n creditor_n for_o debt_n by_o he_o owe_a and_o the_o usual_a plea_n of_o the_o defendant_n to_o estrange_v himself_o from_o the_o testament_n be_v to_o say_v that_o he_o neither_o be_v executor_n nor_o have_v administer_v as_o executor_n so_o as_o if_o he_o either_o be_v executor_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la or_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la by_o his_o own_o act_n of_o administer_a it_o suffice_v of_o refusal_n to_o prove_v the_o will_n and_o therein_o of_o administration_n foreclude_v refusal_n now_o touch_v this_o other_o point_n fit_a to_o be_v think_v of_o before_o we_o meddle_v with_o the_o probate_n viz_o refusal_n to_o prove_v we_o will_v thereabouts_o consider_v these_o several_a part_n viz._n first_o how_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n refusal_n may_v or_o must_v be_v second_o in_o what_o case_n or_o in_o respect_n of_o what_o act_n one_o name_v executor_n have_v lose_v or_o determine_v his_o election_n of_o refusal_n or_o acceptance_n three_o of_o what_o effect_n and_o operation_n the_o refusal_n be_v what_o difference_n where_o all_o the_o executor_n refuse_v and_o where_o but_o some_o or_o one_o of_o they_o four_o what_o relation_n it_o have_v now_o touch_v the_o first_o 14._o the_o ordinary_a before_o commit_v administration_n where_o a_o will_n be_v make_v and_o executor_n name_v if_o he_o know_v of_o it_o 47._o must_v send_v out_o process_n against_o the_o executor_n 14._o to_o come_v in_o and_o prove_v it_o and_o if_o they_o do_v not_o come_v 281._o they_o be_v to_o be_v excommunicate_a but_o if_o they_o do_v come_v if_o they_o nor_o any_o of_o they_o will_v prove_v by_o reason_n of_o such_o refusal_n the_o ordinary_a may_v commit_v administration_n perhaps_o also_o they_o may_v be_v appoint_v executor_n at_o a_o time_n future_a and_o not_o present_o now_o refusal_n can_v be_v verbal_o or_o by_o word_n but_o it_o must_v be_v by_o some_o act_n enter_v or_o record_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n executorship_n and_o therefore_o must_v be_v do_v before_o some_o judge_n spiritual_a and_o not_o before_o neighbour_n in_o the_o country_n for_o that_o be_v not_o effectual_a yet_o sir_n ralph_n rowlett_n make_v the_o lord_n keeper_n bacon_n catlin_n chief_a justice_n and_o the_o master_n of_o the_o roll_n executor_n they_o write_v a_o letter_n to_o the_o ordinary_a that_o they_o can_v not_o attend_v the_o executorship_n and_o therefore_o wish_v he_o to_o commit_v administration_n who_o do_v so_o make_v every_o of_o their_o refusal_n and_o this_o be_v hold_v good_a so_o as_o a_o lease_n be_v by_o that_o will_v bequeath_v to_o catlin_n and_o he_o after_o this_o refusal_n enter_v and_o assign_v it_o to_o one_o and_o the_o administrator_n assign_v it_o to_o another_o it_o come_v in_o question_n between_o they_o whether_o have_v best_a right_n come_v and_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o assignee_n of_o the_o administrator_n against_o catiline_n assignee_n whereas_o if_o the_o refusal_n have_v be_v void_a catlin_n have_v continue_v executor_n and_o so_o his_o title_n have_v be_v better_a first_o in_o case_n the_o ordinary_a himself_o canterbury_n be_v make_v executor_n there_o say_v the_o book_n he_o may_v refuse_v before_o his_o commissary_n and_o so_o be_v it_o there_o plead_v for_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n who_o be_v make_v executor_n to_o sir_n william_n oldhalle_n what_o shall_v be_v such_o a_o meddle_v or_o administer_a by_o a_o executor_n that_o he_o can_v refuse_v after_o as_o to_o the_o second_o admin_n where_o a_o executor_n have_v administer_v he_o can_v afterward_o refuse_v b._n because_o he_o have_v already_o accept_v of_o the_o executorship_n and_o so_o determine_v his_o election_n at_o least_o the_o ordinary_n ought_v not_o to_o accept_v of_o such_o refusal_n but_o shall_v compel_v he_o to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o executorship_n as_o the_o law_n be_v take_v both_o in_o the_o time_n of_o ed._n 4._o and_o of_o queen_n elizabeth_n eliz_n yet_o if_o the_o ordinary_a do_v admit_v one_o to_o refuse_v notwithstanding_o that_o he_o have_v administer_v this_o stand_v good_a as_o it_o seem_v conceive_v by_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 6._o 8._o for_o there_o the_o executor_n command_v one_o to_o take_v good_n of_o the_o testator_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o i._o s._n who_o do_v according_o and_o afterward_o the_o executor_n refuse_v before_o the_o ordinary_a and_o administration_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o say_v i._o s._n who_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o the_o party_n so_o take_v the_o good_n from_o
erroneous_a probate_n have_v 4._o what_o relation_n either_o probate_a or_o refusal_n have_v as_o touch_v the_o first_o point_n viz._n how_o and_o where_o and_o before_o who_o will_n be_v to_o be_v prove_v brief_o thus_o the_o prove_v be_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n yet_o in_o some_o manor_n by_o prescription_n will_n be_v to_o be_v prove_v before_o the_o steward_n though_o no_o land_n thereby_o pass_v as_o appear_v by_o divers_a book_n and_o in_o the_o manor_n of_o maunsfield_n be_v this_o prescription_n 43._o and_o in_o other_o whereof_o tremaile_o be_v steward_n in_o king_n richard_n the_o three_o his_o time_n as_o he_o declare_v and_o the_o like_a i_o may_v tell_v of_o my_o own_o knowledge_n touch_v the_o manor_n of_o cowlâ—y_n and_o caveâ—sham_n in_o the_o county_n of_o oxford_n where_o i_o have_v keep_v the_o court_n for_o the_o lord_n viscount_n wallingford_n and_o find_v it_o in_o present_a and_o frequent_a use_n 12._o and_o it_o be_v say_v by_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n 7._o that_o this_o prove_v of_o will_n in_o the_o court_n spiritual_a be_v not_o ancient_a but_o of_o late_a time_n yea_o it_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o linwood_n the_o dean_n of_o the_o arch_n that_o it_o pertain_v not_o to_o the_o spiritual_a court_n of_o common_a right_n nor_o be_v so_o in_o use_n in_o other_o kingdom_n 279._o the_o reason_n why_o the_o law_n of_o england_n have_v herein_o give_v way_n to_o the_o ordinary_a and_o court_n spiritual_a be_v say_v by_o walsh_n in_o greisbrooke_n &_o fox_n case_n to_o be_v the_o piety_n and_o integrity_n which_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v in_o those_o of_o that_o function_n have_v charge_n of_o soul_n indeed_o they_o be_v as_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o executor_n of_o the_o new_a testament_n or_o last_o will_v and_o testament_n of_o jesus_n christ_n whereby_o great_a legacy_n and_o gift_n be_v give_v to_o man_n &_o by_o pastor_n to_o be_v dispense_v &_o distribute_v of_o which_o distributer_n it_o be_v require_v as_o s._n paul_n say_v that_o they_o be_v find_v faithful_a 2._o and_o happy_a be_v they_o who_o with_o he_o can_v plead_v 27._o plenè_fw-la administavit_fw-la viz._n that_o they_o have_v full_o administer_v as_o he_o do_v much_o depend_v thereupon_o viz._n god_n honour_n the_o blessing_n prosperity_n &_o safety_n of_o the_o country_n the_o piety_n justice_n conscience_n contentation_n and_o salvation_n of_o man_n as_o for_o will_n prove_v in_o london_n and_o oxford_n before_o the_o major_n that_o be_v only_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o burgage_n within_o those_o place_n devisable_v but_o they_o be_v to_o be_v prove_v also_o before_o the_o ordinary_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o good_n and_o there_o only_o where_o no_o land_n bequeath_v the_o prove_v then_o be_v to_o be_v before_o the_o ordinary_a general_n particular_a or_o special_a by_o general_n i_o mean_v the_o metropolitan_a or_o archbishop_n york_n before_o who_o it_o be_v to_o be_v prove_v in_o case_n the_o testator_n have_v good_n valuable_a call_v bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la in_o divers_a diocese_n whereof_o he_o be_v superior_a of_o bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la what_o shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la be_v considerable_a for_o there_o about_o have_v be_v much_o diversity_n of_o opinion_n some_o hold_v that_o they_o must_v be_v of_o forty_o shilling_n value_n some_o five_o pound_n some_o ten_o pound_n yea_o some_o that_o the_o value_n of_o a_o penny_n suffice_v to_o draw_v it_o to_o the_o archbishop_n from_o the_o particular_a bishop_n but_o that_o difference_n of_o opinion_n i_o conceive_v to_o be_v now_o clear_v 93._o by_o a_o canon_n make_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o majesty_n reign_n at_o a_o convocation_n then_o hold_v whereby_o it_o be_v establish_v that_o five_o pound_n shall_v be_v the_o sum_n or_o value_n of_o bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la yet_o therein_o be_v this_o proviso_n that_o where_o by_o composition_n or_o custom_n in_o any_o diocese_n bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la be_v rate_v at_o any_o great_a sum_n the_o same_o shall_v continue_v not_o alter_v it_o be_v likewise_o thereby_o provide_v that_o if_o any_o man_n die_v in_o itinere_fw-la viz._n in_o his_o journey_n or_o travel_n the_o good_n which_o he_o then_o have_v about_o he_o shall_v not_o cause_v that_o administration_n shall_v be_v commit_v or_o the_o will_v prove_v before_o the_o metropolitan_a have_v consider_v of_o the_o value_n now_o another_o point_n observable_a be_v what_o thing_n shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la and_o as_o to_o that_o debt_n owe_v to_o the_o testator_n be_v bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la as_o well_o as_o good_n in_o possession_n their_o value_n be_v answerable_a yet_o i_o think_v if_o the_o penal_a sum_n of_o the_o bond_n be_v but_o five_o pound_n for_o payment_n of_o a_o less_o sum_n although_o the_o bond_n be_v forfeit_v yet_o in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n where_o respect_n to_o conscience_n suppress_v the_o favour_v of_o executor_n this_o will_v not_o be_v take_v to_o be_v bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la viz._n of_o five_o pound_n value_n although_o in_o law_n the_o whole_a penal_a sum_n be_v a_o duty_n but_o if_o the_o debt_n be_v five_o pound_n or_o more_o though_o it_o be_v desperate_a or_o due_a from_o the_o king_n against_o who_o no_o suit_n can_v be_v but_o only_o by_o petition_n yet_o will_v this_o stand_v for_o &_o as_o bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la as_o i_o take_v it_o in_o the_o court_n spiritual_a though_o thereabouts_o i_o can_v but_o conjecture_v since_o the_o rule_n of_o our_o law_n determine_v it_o not_o and_o this_o point_n touch_v the_o king_n be_v debtor_n eliz._n i_o find_v debate_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n but_o not_o resolve_v so_o far_o as_o i_o find_v but_o there_o popham_n at_o the_o bar_n urge_v that_o no_o debt_n shall_v be_v bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la and_o if_o it_o shall_v yet_o not_o such_o for_o which_o no_o remedy_n by_o suit_n as_o in_o that_o case_n the_o queen_n be_v debtor_n yet_o a_o further_a question_n local_a be_v touch_v these_o debt_n or_o thing_n in_o action_n 〈…〉_z in_o what_o place_n or_o diocese_n they_o shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v as_o bona_z notab_n viz._n whether_o in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o debtor_n be_v or_o where_o the_o obligation_n or_o other_o specialty_n be_v and_o as_o to_o this_o the_o law_n have_v be_v take_v that_o because_o the_o person_n of_o the_o debtor_n be_v movable_a passant_a and_o transitory_a therefore_o these_o debt_n shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v and_o to_o make_v bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la where_o the_o bond_n or_o other_o specialty_n be_v and_o not_o where_o the_o debtor_n inhabit_v and_o dwell_v and_o so_o be_v it_o not_o long_o since_o conceive_v by_o justice_n walmes_o 305._o and_o justice_n beaumond_n in_o one_o pretimans_fw-la case_n no_o other_o contradict_v it_o herein_o therefore_o many_o be_v mistake_v who_o only_o in_o respect_n that_o the_o person_n of_o the_o debtor_n do_v dwell_v in_o foreign_a diocese_n other_o than_o the_o place_n of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n or_o where_o his_o other_o good_n be_v do_v take_v administration_n in_o the_o prerogative_n court_n though_o the_o specialty_n remain_v where_o the_o party_n die_v or_o his_o good_n residue_n be_v but_o in_o case_n the_o debt_n be_v only_o by_o contract_n without_o speciality_n than_o indeed_o they_o be_v to_o be_v esteem_v bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la there_o and_o in_o that_o place_n where_o the_o debtor_n be_v as_o the_o say_a judge_n well_o ceive_v the_o difference_n but_o in_o case_n land_n be_v give_v to_o executor_n for_o payment_n of_o debt_n or_o legacy_n this_o shall_v not_o be_v bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la as_o i_o take_v it_o though_o it_o be_v asset_n of_o the_o validity_n and_o invalidity_n of_o probates_n as_o to_o the_o three_o point_n we_o will_v first_o see_v of_o what_o validity_n a_o erroneous_a proof_n be_v and_o thereabouts_o we_o shall_v find_v this_o difference_n admit_v that_o one_o have_v not_o bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la in_o divers_a diocese_n so_o as_o of_o right_a the_o prove_v of_o the_o will_n appertain_v not_o to_o the_o metropolitan_a and_o yet_o the_o will_n be_v prove_v before_o he_o this_o be_v not_o mere_o void_a but_o stand_v in_o force_n till_o it_o be_v reverse_v by_o some_o sentence_n upon_o appeal_n eliz._n as_o be_v resolve_v between_o fear_fw-mi and_o jeoffries_n in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n in_o case_n one_o have_v bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la in_o divers_a diocese_n or_o a_o peculiar_a and_o a_o diocese_n and_o yet_o the_o will_n be_v prove_v before_o the_o particular_a bishop_n within_o who_o diocese_n part_n of_o the_o good_n be_v this_o be_v mere_o and_o utter_o void_a without_o any_o reversall_a so_o also_o of_o prove_v in_o some_o peculiar_a and_o in_o case_n one_o have_v bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la both_o in_o
a._n pofess_z of_o a_o lease_n for_o sixty_o year_n of_o one_o hundred_o pound_n land_n mortgage_v it_o for_o five_o hundred_o pound_n or_o be_v it_o that_o the_o mortgage_n or_o pledge_v be_v of_o a_o jewel_n or_o piece_n of_o plate_n for_o half_a the_o value_n and_o that_o before_o the_o day_n limit_v for_o payment_n and_o redemption_n a._n have_v make_v b._n his_o executor_n die_v and_o b._n at_o the_o time_n and_o place_n make_v payment_n as_o be_v condition_v now_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o this_o lease_n plate_n or_o jewel_n be_v worth_a much_o more_o than_o the_o sum_n for_o which_o it_o be_v mortgage_v shall_v be_v in_o he_o whole_o in_o his_o own_o right_n and_o to_o his_o own_o use_n or_o partly_o if_o not_o whole_o as_o executor_n to_o a._n so_o as_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o payment_n of_o debt_n and_o legacy_n here_o it_o must_v be_v clear_o admit_v that_o b._n be_v enable_v to_o this_o redemption_n only_o and_o mere_o by_o the_o condition_n annex_v to_o the_o mortgage_n or_o pledge_v it_o must_v also_o be_v admit_v that_o this_o condition_n and_o the_o power_n or_o interest_n to_o take_v benefit_n thereof_o to_o he_o come_v and_o be_v derive_v only_o as_o executor_n of_o a._n this_o be_v premise_v it_o must_v needs_o follow_v as_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o condition_n work_v and_o have_v his_o operation_n in_o the_o redemption_n to_o destroy_v the_o grant_n mortgage_n or_o pledge_v it_o must_v needs_o make_v these_o again_o the_o testator_n good_n in_o statu_fw-la quod_fw-la prius_fw-la and_o so_o to_o be_v in_o b._n as_o executor_n since_o in_o that_o right_n only_o he_o be_v entitle_v to_o take_v benefit_n of_o the_o condition_n for_o what_o be_v it_o which_o hinder_v before_o this_o from_o be_v the_o testator_n good_n nothing_o certain_o but_o only_o the_o force_n and_o strength_n of_o the_o mortgage_n or_o pledge_v now_o by_o the_o redemption_n that_o be_v become_v void_a &_o have_v it_o lo_v its_o force_n therefore_o the_o property_n of_o these_o thing_n must_v needs_o now_o be_v as_o if_o no_o such_o mortgage_n or_o pledge_n have_v be_v or_o as_o if_o it_o have_v at_o the_o first_o be_v void_a and_o of_o no_o force_n thus_o must_v the_o condition_n work_v for_o he_o who_o make_v it_o viz._n a._n the_o testator_n and_o those_o of_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n hen._n 7._o do_v yet_o say_v that_o by_o this_o redemption_n the_o testator_n be_v so_o much_o in_o debt_a to_o the_o executor_n as_o he_o disburse_v for_o the_o redemption_n which_o can_v stand_v with_o no_o reason_n unless_o by_o it_o the_o property_n and_o interest_n shall_v be_v reduce_v to_o the_o testator_n behoof_n that_o thus_o it_o be_v be_v also_o prove_v as_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v by_o the_o case_n of_o mortgage_n of_o inheritance_n upon_o which_o the_o heir_n make_v payment_n according_a to_o the_o condition_n be_v not_o now_o in_o as_o a_o new_a purchasor_n but_o as_o heir_n so_o as_o he_o shall_v have_v his_o age_n and_o be_v in_o ward_n even_o for_o this_o land_n yea_o it_o shall_v be_v asset_n in_o his_o hand_n for_o satisfaction_n of_o his_o father_n or_o other_o ancestor_n debt_n which_o in_o some_o respect_n be_v a_o hard_a case_n than_o that_o of_o the_o executor_n for_o he_o have_v mean_n to_o satisfy_v himself_o of_o the_o money_n disburse_v either_o out_o of_o the_o thing_n redeem_v or_o other_o good_n of_o his_o testator_n but_o the_o heir_n have_v no_o such_o mean_n yet_o it_o will_v be_v ask_v how_o the_o executor_n can_v be_v free_a from_o mischief_n for_o if_o this_o thing_n redeem_v be_v entire_a as_o the_o cup_n or_o the_o lease_n the_o whole_a will_v be_v take_v in_o execution_n for_o the_o testator_n debt_n to_o admit_v this_o yet_o here_o be_v one_o clear_a way_n of_o remedy_n viz._n the_o executor_n may_v before_o such_o execution_n sell_v the_o thing_n and_o so_o pay_v himself_o and_o retain_v the_o surplusage_n to_o the_o testator_n use_v and_o the_o like_a of_o this_o be_v frequent_a in_o use_n viz._n for_o executor_n to_o pay_v of_o the_o testator_n debt_n with_o their_o own_o money_n and_o to_o make_v themselves_o satisfaction_n out_o of_o the_o testator_n good_n beside_o it_o not_o impossible_a that_o this_o redeem_a thing_n shall_v be_v thus_o in_o interest_n part_v that_o answerable_o and_o proportionable_o to_o the_o sum_n disburse_v for_o redemption_n with_o reference_n to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o thing_n redeem_v a_o moiety_n or_o three_o part_n or_o three_o part_n thereof_o shall_v be_v to_o the_o executor_n in_o his_o own_o right_n as_o his_o own_o proper_a good_n and_o the_o rest_n in_o he_o as_o executor_n as_o posito_fw-la that_o a._n and_o b._n be_v tenant_n in_o common_a of_o such_o a_o entire_a chattel_n a._n make_v b._n his_o executor_n and_o die_v now_o have_v b._n one_o moiety_n as_o executor_n and_o another_o as_o his_o own_o proper_a and_o upon_o a_o judgement_n against_o he_o as_o executor_n that_o moiety_n only_o which_o he_o have_v as_o executor_n must_v be_v take_v in_o execution_n and_o here_o may_v be_v remember_v how_o in_o execution_n of_o a_o judgement_n or_o levy_v of_o a_o amerciament_n out_o of_o a_o entire_a chattel_n of_o more_o value_n than_o the_o sum_n to_o be_v levy_v the_o whole_a be_v to_o be_v sell_v and_o the_o surplusage_n above_o the_o debt_n or_o amerciament_n be_v to_o be_v deliver_v back_o to_o the_o owner_n for_o in_o all_o this_o debate_n we_o must_v presume_v the_o thing_n redeem_v by_o the_o executor_n to_o be_v of_o better_a value_n than_o the_o sum_n pay_v else_o we_o may_v easy_o admit_v the_o whole_a to_o the_o executor_n again_o the_o lease_n for_o year_n be_v not_o so_o entire_a a_o thing_n i_o mean_v the_o land_n let_v but_o that_o thereof_o partition_n may_v be_v make_v yea_o enforce_a by_o action_n between_o joint_a tenant_n and_o tenant_n in_o common_a but_o here_o will_v be_v object_v the_o case_n of_o redemption_n by_o the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n who_o though_o she_o have_v a_o brother_n bear_v after_o so_o as_o now_o she_o be_v no_o long_a heir_n yet_o she_o shall_v as_o the_o book_n say_v retain_v the_o land_n redeem_v from_o the_o heir_n as_o a_o perquisite_a or_o purchase_n as_o for_o this_o which_o i_o will_v not_o oppose_v the_o law_n so_o frame_v to_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o daughter_n because_o of_o great_a mischief_n to_o she_o if_o be_v strip_v of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o inheritance_n by_o the_o birth_n of_o a_o brother_n she_o shall_v also_o lose_v that_o which_o her_o money_n have_v redeem_v without_o have_v any_o remedy_n to_o have_v her_o money_n again_o or_o any_o recompense_n for_o it_o but_o in_o the_o other_o case_n there_o be_v no_o such_o mischief_n for_o that_o the_o executor_n may_v pay_v himself_o as_o have_v be_v show_v now_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o case_n shall_v be_v understand_v that_o the_o redemption_n be_v by_o payment_n after_o the_o day_n then_o will_v i_o easy_o admit_v that_o the_o property_n or_o interest_n be_v in_o the_o executor_n to_o his_o own_o use_n or_o that_o the_o condition_n now_o have_v no_o power_n to_o reduce_v it_o back_o or_o to_o operate_v any_o thing_n it_o be_v rather_o a_o re-emption_a than_o a_o redemption_n since_o it_o be_v at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o mortgagee_n to_o dispose_v it_o at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o any_o stranger_n as_o well_o as_o the_o executor_n may_v thus_o have_v redeem_v viz._n repurchase_a it_o therefore_o only_a equity_n and_o not_o law_n in_o that_o case_n can_v make_v any_o part_n of_o the_o value_n asset_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o so_o also_o i_o think_v if_o we_o shall_v admit_v in_o the_o other_o case_n of_o payment_n at_o the_o day_n that_o the_o property_n of_o the_o chattel_n be_v to_o the_o executor_n as_o his_o own_o and_o not_o his_o testator_n good_n no_o part_n of_o surplusage_n of_o value_n can_v in_o law_n be_v asset_n howsoever_o in_o equity_n last_o if_o the_o executor_n redeem_v by_o payment_n at_o the_o day_n with_o the_o testator_n own_o money_n or_o good_n none_o will_v doubt_v but_o that_o the_o thing_n redeem_v be_v in_o he_o as_o executor_n and_o the_o money_n by_o he_o pay_v for_o redemption_n be_v well_o administer_v the_o good_n redeem_v being_n of_o better_a value_n but_o this_o way_n it_o make_v no_o difference_n whether_o the_o whole_a value_n of_o the_o good_n redeem_v shall_v be_v hold_v asset_n and_o the_o money_n pay_v for_o redemption_n stand_v drown_v therein_o or_o that_o that_o sum_n be_v still_o adjudge_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o executor_n as_o asset_n and_o only_o the_o surplusage_n of_o the_o thing_n redeem_v over_o and_o above_o the_o sum_n pay_v for_o redemption_n
bind_v the_o lessor_n or_o his_o executor_n to_o make_v recompense_n of_o wrong_n do_v by_o testator_n and_o whether_o executâ—rs_n be_v liable_a to_o amends_o although_o executor_n do_v represent_v the_o person_n of_o their_o testator_n yet_o if_o the_o testator_n commit_v any_o trespass_n upon_o the_o good_n of_o another_o or_o upon_o his_o person_n of_o land_n no_o action_n lie_v for_o this_o against_o the_o executor_n for_o actio_fw-la personalis_fw-la moritur_fw-la cum_fw-la persona_fw-la 15._o so_o if_o a_o sheriff_n â—_o jailor_n or_o keeper_n of_o prison_n suffer_v one_o in_o execution_n for_o debt_n or_o damage_n to_o escape_v though_o hereby_o the_o party_n at_o who_o suit_n the_o execution_n be_v be_v entitle_v to_o a_o action_n viz._n a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o such_o officer_n by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o by_o statute_n a_o action_n of_o debt_n yet_o if_o he_o so_o suffer_a die_v for_o that_o such_o sufferance_n be_v a_o wrong_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o trespass_n no_o action_n lie_v against_o his_o executor_n for_o the_o same_o and_o upon_o the_o same_o reason_n as_o i_o presume_v if_o one_o carry_v away_o his_o corn_n and_o hay_n without_o set_v out_o the_o ten_o although_o the_o treble_a value_n be_v recoverable_a against_o he_o in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n yet_o if_o he_o die_v before_o such_o recovery_n the_o action_n be_v go_v and_o lie_v not_o against_o his_o executor_n no_o not_o although_o the_o testator_n be_v a_o lessee_n for_o year_n so_o as_o his_o state_n come_v to_o his_o executor_n like_a law_n in_o other_o penal_a statute_n as_o for_o arrest_v one_o at_o the_o suit_n of_o i._o s._n without_o his_o privity_n or_o assent_n or_o for_o not_o appear_v as_o a_o witness_n be_v serve_v with_o a_o sâ—b_n poena_fw-la and_o have_v charge_n tender_v and_o many_o like_a yea_o if_o a_o lessee_n for_o year_n commit_v waste_v and_o die_v no_o action_n lie_v against_o the_o executor_n for_o this_o waste_n for_o all_o these_o case_n be_v within_o the_o rule_n of_o actio_fw-la personalis_fw-la moritur_fw-la cum_fw-la persona_fw-la and_o many_o other_o like_o case_n may_v be_v put_v but_o these_o may_v suffice_v yet_o if_o a_o parson_n vicar_n or_o other_o spiritual_a or_o ecclesiastical_a person_n do_v suffer_v a_o ruin_n or_o decay_v of_o the_o house_n or_o building_n upon_o his_o such_o spiritual_a benefice_n or_o promotion_n and_o die_v his_o executor_n be_v liable_a by_o the_o spiritual_a or_o ecclesiastical_a law_n to_o the_o successor_n suit_n for_o amends_o to_o the_o repair_n of_o such_o spoil_n or_o decay_v and_o because_o some_o use_v fraudulent_o to_o grant_v away_o their_o good_n so_o as_o nothing_o shall_v be_v leave_v to_o their_o executor_n it_o be_v enact_v temp_n elizabeth_n 10._o that_o such_o grauntee_n of_o good_n shall_v be_v liable_a to_o the_o successor_n suit_n for_o these_o dilapidation_n as_o if_o they_o be_v executor_n as_o for_o one_o other_o case_n of_o this_o nature_n viz._n where_o a_o executor_n waste_v the_o good_n of_o his_o testator_n or_o a_o administrator_n the_o good_n of_o his_o intestate_a and_o die_v whether_o his_o executor_n be_v subject_a to_o action_n for_o this_o or_o not_o i_o adjorne_v the_o reader_n to_o that_o place_n where_o i_o shall_v treat_v of_o such_o waste_a or_o devastation_n by_o executor_n unto_o this_o head_n not_o unfit_o may_v be_v refer_v what_o before_o be_v say_v of_o action_n against_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o debtor_n heir_n 77._o and_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o ordinary_a for_o the_o specialty_n bind_v to_o payment_n reach_v not_o to_o any_o of_o these_o but_o because_o their_o testator_n shall_v have_v pay_v these_o debt_n with_o the_o good_n or_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o debtor_n and_o do_v not_o but_o retain_v they_o to_o themselves_o supâ—a_o therefore_o for_o this_o as_o a_o wrong_n be_v they_o suable_a as_o i_o take_v it_o so_o also_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n be_v the_o executor_n of_o a_o administrator_n chargeable_a where_o he_o do_v neither_o pay_n the_o debt_n 35._o nor_o leave_v the_o good_n to_o the_o next_o administrator_n 11._o but_o otherwise_o dispose_v of_o they_o yet_o a_o executor_n be_v not_o chargeable_a in_o a_o action_n of_o detinue_n nor_o of_o account_n except_o to_o the_o king_n for_o the_o testator_n detain_v and_o not_o pay_v or_o answer_v thing_n receive_v or_o under_o his_o charge_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o after_o account_v make_v before_o auditor_n and_o the_o bailie_n or_o receiver_n be_v find_v in_o arrearage_n and_o die_v that_o in_o this_o case_n his_o executor_n be_v chargeable_a be_v because_o the_o auditor_n be_v make_v judge_n by_o the_o statute_n west_n 2._o cap._n 11._o and_o so_o this_o arrearage_n which_o they_o have_v judge_v 1_o be_v a_o debt_n by_o record_n but_o if_o the_o case_n be_v put_v on_o the_o other_o side_n viz._n that_o the_o bailie_n or_o receiver_n have_v find_v in_o surplusage_n upon_o his_o account_n viz._n that_o he_o have_v lay_v out_o more_o in_o his_o lord_n or_o master_n business_n than_o his_o receipt_n amount_v unto_o and_o then_o his_o lord_n or_o master_n die_v a._n now_o shall_v not_o he_o have_v any_o action_n against_o the_o executor_n for_o the_o surplusage_n because_o it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o purview_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n the_o second_o table_n chap._n xii_o direct_v the_o order_n and_o method_n to_o be_v use_v by_o executor_n in_o payment_n of_o the_o testator_n debt_n 1_o of_o disbursement_n about_o the_o testator_n funeral_n 1_o 2_o about_o prove_v of_o his_o will_n 2_o 3_o payment_n of_o the_o testator_n debt_n upon_o record_n 3_o 4_o and_o first_o debt_n to_o the_o king_n or_o crown_n 4_o 5_o debt_n by_o judgement_n or_o recovery_n in_o some_o court_n of_o record_n 8_o 6_o debt_n by_o recognizance_n and_o statute_n 11_o 7_o debt_n by_o specialty_n by_o bond_n bill_n etc._n etc._n 14_o 8_o debt_n by_o rent_n reserve_v upon_o lease_n of_o ground_n farm_a by_o the_o testator_n 18_o 9_o duty_n by_o the_o testator_n assumpsit_fw-la or_o promise_v or_o upon_o simple_a contract_n make_v by_o he_o 29_o chap._n xiii_o of_o devastation_n or_o waste_v 1_o what_o shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o waste_a or_o deva_v and_o how_o many_o way_n that_o may_v be_v do_v 32_o 2_o who_o shall_v by_o this_o act_n of_o devastation_n be_v charge_v to_o yield_v recompense_n and_o make_v satisfaction_n 36_o 3_o who_o shall_v reap_v the_o benefit_n or_o take_v advantage_n of_o this_o devastation_n 38_o 4_o how_o far_o the_o executor_n thus_o waste_v shall_v incur_v damage_n or_o make_v his_o own_o good_n liable_a 40_o 5_o by_o what_o way_n or_o mean_n shall_v relief_n be_v have_v upon_o this_o point_n of_o waste_v 41_o chap._n fourteen_o of_o a_o executor_n of_o his_o own_o wrong_n 1_o what_o act_n or_o intermedling_n of_o such_o a_o one_o not_o be_v executor_n nor_o administrator_n by_o right_n shall_v make_v he_o to_o become_v a_o executor_n by_o wrong_n 49_o 2_o in_o what_o manner_n and_o by_o what_o name_n such_o shall_v be_v sue_v especial_o when_o another_o then_o be_v executor_n or_o administrator_n or_o himself_o after_o such_o act_n become_v administrator_n 55_o 3_o how_o far_o a_o executor_n of_o his_o own_o wrong_n become_v liable_a and_o obnoxious_a to_o suit_n 57_o 4_o what_o act_v do_v to_o he_o or_o by_o he_o who_o be_v executor_n of_o his_o own_o wrong_n shall_v stand_v firm_a and_o good_a as_o do_v by_o or_o to_o the_o right_a executor_n 58_o 5_o of_o addition_n and_o alteration_n by_o statute_n 43._o eliz._n c._n 8._o 60_o chap._n xv._n of_o plea_n by_o executor_n and_o which_o be_v best_a which_o most_o prejudicial_a to_o they_o 1_o to_o plead_v he_o be_v never_o executor_n nor_o ever_o administer_v as_o executor_n 62._o 67_o 2_o to_o plead_v full_o administer_v 64_o chap._n xvi_o of_o judgement_n against_o executor_n own_o good_n though_o no_o plea_n of_o the_o defendant_n nor_o devastation_n do_v so_o occasion_n and_o of_o the_o several_a manner_n of_o judgement_n in_o several_a case_n 73._o chap._n xvii_o of_o marry_a woman_n and_o infant_n executor_n 76._o 1_o whether_o they_o may_v make_v will_n with_o or_o without_o their_o husband_n assent_n and_o how_o where_o and_o in_o what_o case_n 77_o 2_o whether_o they_o may_v be_v make_v executor_n without_o their_o husband_n assent_n or_o how_o far_o their_o husband_n may_v hinder_v it_o 84_o 3_o touch_v administration_n viz._n what_o act_n in_o execution_n of_o the_o executorship_n they_o may_v do_v without_o their_o husband_n or_o their_o husband_n without_o they_o 89_o 4_o touch_v infant_n and_o their_o make_n or_o be_v make_v executor_n wherein_o the_o several_a age_n of_o female_n 92_o the_o several_a age_n of_o male_n 93_o chap._n xviii_o of_o legacy_n 1_o whither_o any_o
the_o land_n it_o will_v then_o be_v haâ—d_a that_o the_o executor_n shall_v for_o this_o winter_n profit_n pay_v the_o rent_n out_o of_o his_o own_o purse_n especial_o if_o the_o whole_a year_n rend_v be_v payable_a at_o that_o one_o day_n as_o in_o some_o case_n it_o be_v or_o if_o the_o whole_a year_n profit_n be_v take_v in_o the_o summer_n as_o in_o case_n of_o a_o lease_n of_o tithe_n it_o be_v so_o also_o of_o meadow_n ground_n usual_o drown_v in_o the_o winter_n so_o if_o the_o lease_n be_v then_o to_o end_v not_o have_v a_o summer_n half_a year_n to_o succeed_v and_o make_v amends_o for_o the_o winter_n or_o if_o the_o winter_n half_a year_n be_v the_o latter_a half_n the_o lease_n beginning_n at_o lady_n day_n so_o that_o there_o be_v but_o a_o summer_n for_o each_o winter_n follow_v and_o not_o any_o for_o the_o winter_n pass_v of_o like_a consideration_n with_o these_o be_v the_o case_n of_o a_o lease_n of_o wood_n for_o a_o rent_n which_o be_v fellable_n but_o once_o in_o eight_o or_o nine_o year_n now_o if_o the_o lessee_n have_v make_v the_o last_o sale_n and_o fell_n before_o his_o death_n the_o law_n shall_v cast_v the_o rent_n upon_o the_o executor_n own_o estate_n for_o the_o time_n future_a it_o shall_v lay_v loss_n upon_o he_o which_o be_v against_o reason_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o law_n even_o in_o this_o particular_a as_o appear_v by_o this_o that_o she_o enable_v a_o executor_n to_o pay_v himself_o before_o any_o debt_n of_o equal_a nature_n so_o as_o she_o more_o tender_v a_o executor_n indemnity_n then_o any_o other_o creditor_n therefore_o i_o think_v that_o with_o and_o upon_o the_o difference_n above_o show_v even_o rend_v grow_v due_a after_o the_o testator_n death_n may_v in_o some_o case_n be_v the_o testator_n debt_n payable_a equal_o with_o debt_n by_o bond_n but_o here_o i_o conceive_v that_o if_o the_o executor_n be_v in_o such_o case_n of_o destitution_n of_o asset_n as_o may_v justify_v his_o wave_n of_o a_o lease_n over-rented_n he_o then_o may_v waive_n these_o term_n residue_n because_o for_o the_o future_a the_o profit_n will_v come_v short_a of_o answer_v the_o rent_n though_o at_o the_o first_o and_o so_o in_o the_o total_a the_o profit_n do_v exceed_v the_o rent_n and_o if_o for_o want_n of_o wave_v where_o he_o may_v this_o rend_a fall_n upon_o he_o the_o payment_n thereof_o will_v be_v no_o excuse_n against_o another_o creditor_n nor_o as_o to_o he_o be_v a_o good_a administration_n for_o ignorantia_fw-la juris_fw-la non_fw-la excusat_fw-la this_o be_v pertinent_a to_o our_o present_a consideration_n which_o debt_n may_v with_o safety_n be_v pay_v leave_v another_o unpaid_a and_o the_o hazard_n of_o executor_n by_o ignorance_n of_o the_o law_n have_v be_v a_o principal_a motive_n to_o my_o writing_n these_o discourse_n in_o english_a hitherto_o we_o have_v only_o consider_v as_o i_o think_v of_o rent_n as_o they_o be_v recoverable_a by_o action_n of_o debt_n now_o let_v we_o see_v if_o there_o may_v not_o be_v somewhat_o different_a consideration_n touch_v distrain_v for_o rent_n and_o so_o come_v to_o recover_v it_o by_o avowrie_n put_v we_o than_o the_o case_n that_o a_o executor_n have_v full_o administer_v in_o payment_n of_o debt_n by_o bond_n and_o after_o the_o lessor_n or_o revertioner_n come_v and_o distrain_v for_o arrearage_n of_o rent_n due_a in_o the_o testator_n life_n can_v the_o executor_n in_o bar_n of_o the_o avowrie_n plead_v full_o administer_v as_o he_o may_v have_v do_v if_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n have_v be_v bring_v for_o these_o arrearage_n doubtless_o i_o think_v no_o nothing_o shall_v hinder_v the_o levy_n of_o the_o rent_n upon_o the_o land_n so_o long_o as_o it_o be_v enjoy_v under_o the_o title_n of_o the_o lease_n except_o the_o land_n come_v to_o the_o king_n upon_o who_o possession_n no_o distress_n can_v be_v take_v i_o think_v therefore_o that_o the_o executor_n who_o pay_v out_o of_o his_o own_o purse_n to_o the_o value_n of_o this_o lease_n for_o to_o i_o intend_v the_o case_n and_o else_o can_v he_o not_o have_v full_o administer_v as_o in_o the_o case_n be_v put_v he_o shall_v i_o say_v have_v abate_v in_o the_o price_n and_o valuation_n of_o the_o lease_n as_o well_o the_o arrearage_n of_o rent_n as_o the_o rent_n future_o payable_a both_o be_v equal_o leviable_a upon_o the_o land_n and_o if_o he_o so_o have_v do_v he_o be_v no_o loser_n by_o payment_n of_o this_o arrearage_n but_o if_o trust_v to_o the_o power_n of_o a_o executor_n and_o to_o the_o plea_n of_o full_o administer_v he_o do_v not_o so_o but_o disburse_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o lease_n to_o the_o full_a value_n without_o such_o abatement_n he_o must_v bear_v the_o loss_n of_o his_o own_o ignorance_n he_o may_v also_o another_o way_n have_v help_v himself_o viz._n by_o payment_n of_o that_o arrearage_n leave_v other_o debt_n by_o specialty_n unpaid_a and_o what_o if_o suit_v be_v present_o commense_v upon_o the_o testator_n death_n before_o he_o can_v make_v payment_n of_o the_o rent_n behind_o whether_o may_v the_o executor_n then_o plead_v this_o debt_n for_o rent_n as_o he_o may_v a_o debt_n by_o judgement_n or_o statute_n and_o sure_o i_o think_v it_o probable_a that_o he_o may_v because_o it_o be_v a_o debt_n from_o which_o he_o can_v be_v free_v by_o payment_n of_o the_o other_o debt_n sue_v for_o by_o speciality_n if_o the_o revertioner_n will_v also_o commence_v suit_n before_o judgement_n have_v for_o the_o creditor_n by_o specialty_n then_o may_v the_o executor_n help_v himself_o by_o confess_v his_o action_n first_o but_o this_o perhaps_o the_o revertioner_n will_v not_o conceive_v safe_a for_o he_o since_o that_o way_n the_o other_o may_v get_v judgement_n before_o he_o and_o so_o he_o may_v lose_v both_o his_o suit_n and_o his_o debt_n whereas_o hold_v himself_o to_o the_o course_n of_o distress_n the_o lease_n continue_v he_o have_v land_n at_o the_o stake_n for_o his_o debt_n what_o if_o he_o distrain_v and_o avow_v may_v not_o now_o 〈◊〉_d executor_n pay_v he_o or_o at_o least_o confess_v his_o â—â—tion_n or_o avowry_n so_o as_o he_o first_o have_v judgement_n may_v first_o be_v satisfy_v sure_o after_o suit_n commence_v i_o see_v not_o how_o the_o creditor_n by_o bond_n can_v so_o be_v prevent_v at_o least_o without_o judgement_n have_v for_o the_o rent_n yea_o though_o such_o a_o judgement_n be_v have_v yet_o because_o the_o judgement_n in_o that_o case_n be_v not_o that_o he_o shall_v recover_v the_o sum_n due_a for_o rent_n but_o only_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o return_n to_o the_o pound_n of_o the_o cattle_n distrain_v for_o the_o rent_n it_o be_v questionable_a whether_o the_o payment_n thereupon_o of_o the_o rent_n shall_v prevent_v the_o judgement_n after_o have_v in_o the_o suit_n upon_o bond_n but_o i_o think_v it_o shall_v because_o although_o it_o be_v not_o a_o express_a recovery_n of_o the_o rent_n yet_o be_v it_o such_o a_o judgement_n compulsary_a for_o the_o same_o as_o make_v the_o payment_n inevitable_a and_o of_o necessity_n and_o where_o before_o we_o have_v make_v the_o question_n only_o between_o the_o say_a rent-debt_n and_o the_o debt_n by_o obligation_n let_v we_o now_o put_v the_o case_n between_o the_o rent-debt_n and_o the_o debt_n by_o statute_n or_o judgement_n if_o then_o the_o lessor_n after_o death_n of_o the_o lessee_n distrain_v for_o the_o rent_n behind_o part_n of_o the_o testator_n cattle_n and_o after_o there_o come_v a_o writ_n of_o execution_n upon_o a_o judgement_n or_o statute_n of_o the_o testator_n whether_o shall_v these_o beast_n in_o the_o pound_n for_o rent_n be_v deliver_v in_o execution_n or_o not_o admitting_z that_o without_o they_o there_o be_v not_o good_n sufficient_v for_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o judgement_n or_o statute_n and_o sure_o i_o think_v they_o can_v be_v deliver_v in_o execution_n distress_n first_o for_o that_o they_o be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o law_n as_o in_o string-fellowe_n case_n though_o there_o the_o king_n preroga-time_n overtop_v that_o point_n yea_o so_o i_o think_v though_o they_o be_v replevied_a for_o that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v return_v to_o the_o pound_n dyeâ—_n if_o judgement_n pass_v for_o the_o avowant_n to_o which_o purpose_n security_n be_v give_v so_o as_o they_o be_v but_o in_o tâ—e_v case_n of_o a_o prisoner_n bail_v who_o still_o be_v in_o some_o sort_n in_o custody_n second_o for_o that_o this_o rend_v incident_a to_o and_o descendible_a with_o the_o reversion_n breed_v a_o debt_n of_o a_o real_a nature_n and_o so_o of_o more_o dignity_n and_o worth_n than_o debt_n personal_a three_o for_o that_o the_o land_n let_v as_o in_o a_o sort_n debtor_n stand_v chargeable_a with_o this_o distress_n
hereof_o they_o be_v to_o be_v regardful_a not_o only_o in_o respect_n of_o escape_v damage_n to_o their_o own_o estate_n but_o more_o especial_o in_o respect_n of_o a_o oath_n which_o divers_a of_o our_o book_n mention_v to_o be_v take_v by_o executor_n and_o in_o one_o of_o the_o book_n of_o relation_n of_o case_n in_o the_o twenty_o year_n of_o hen_n 7._o his_o time_n there_o be_v a_o expression_n of_o three_o thing_n whereto_o the_o office_n of_o a_o executor_n tie_v he_o 1._o to_o do_v true_o and_o thereto_o be_v they_o swear_v say_v this_o book_n 2._o to_o be_v diligent_a viz._n with_o sedulity_n to_o attend_v the_o discharge_n of_o the_o trust_n 3._o to_o do_v lawful_o nor_o well_o can_v this_o latter_a be_v without_o knowledge_n what_o be_v lawful_a or_o require_v by_o the_o law_n now_o what_o be_v former_o say_v of_o the_o right_a method_n and_o order_n of_o payment_n of_o debt_n discover_v in_o much_o part_n how_o and_o by_o what_o way_n a_o executor_n may_v waste_v and_o misspend_v his_o testator_n good_n and_o consequent_o incur_v a_o devastation_n and_o so_o make_v his_o own_o good_n liable_a but_o of_o that_o more_o full_o and_o particular_o by_o itself_o and_o herein_o we_o will_v consider_v of_o these_o part_n 1._o what_o shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o waste_a or_o deva_v and_o how_o many_o way_n that_o may_v be_v do_v 2._o who_o shall_v by_o this_o act_n be_v charge_v to_o yield_v recompense_n 3._o who_o shall_v take_v the_o benefit_n or_o advantage_n of_o it_o 4._o how_o far_o or_o in_o what_o measure_n the_o advantage_n shall_v be_v take_v 5._o what_o way_n or_o by_o what_o mean_v it_o shall_v be_v have_v as_o to_o the_o first_o this_o waste_n be_v do_v divers_a way_n 1._o by_o the_o executor_n his_o plain_n palpable_a and_o direct_v give_v sell_v spend_v or_o consume_v the_o testator_n good_n after_o his_o own_o will_n leave_v debt_n unpaid_a 2_o by_o pay_v what_o be_v not_o to_o be_v pay_v which_o yet_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v where_o there_o be_v debt_n payable_a and_o unpaid_a 3._o by_o the_o way_n former_o discourse_v of_o viz._n the_o not_o observe_v the_o right_a method_n and_o order_n of_o payment_n 4._o by_o assent_v to_o a_o legatee_n have_v a_o thing_n bequeath_v debt_n be_v unpaid_a 5._o by_o sell_v good_n of_o the_o testator_n at_o a_o under_o value_n for_o be_v the_o appraisement_n what_o it_o will_v and_o let_v he_o sell_v for_o what_o he_o will_v he_o must_v stand_v charge_v to_o the_o best_a and_o utmost_a value_n towards_o the_o creditor_n yet_o if_o upon_o a_o judgement_n against_o the_o testator_n or_o the_o executor_n the_o sheriff_n sell_v some_o of_o the_o testator_n good_n at_o a_o undervalue_n this_o be_v no_o vastation_n of_o the_o executor_n for_o this_o difference_n hody_a chief_a baron_n make_v but_o since_o a_o executor_n may_v happy_o prevent_v this_o act_n of_o the_o sheriff_n by_o pay_v the_o due_a sum_n upon_o sale_n of_o the_o testator_n good_n at_o the_o best_a value_n or_o otherwise_o he_o be_v to_o be_v blame_v to_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o conscience_n of_o the_o sheriff_n or_o undersheriffe_n rather_o 6._o and_o last_o this_o may_v be_v do_v to_o the_o executor_n smart_n by_o undue_a viz._n not_o legal_a discharge_n of_o any_o debt_n or_o duty_n pertain_v to_o the_o testator_n &_o that_o divers_a way_n require_v heedfulness_n as_o if_o a_o executor_n upon_o a_o bond_n of_o two_o hundred_o pound_n forfeit_v for_o payment_n of_o a_o hundred_o pound_n accept_v the_o principal_a or_o perhaps_o also_o some_o use_n cost_n or_o damage_n and_o give_v a_o release_n or_o acquittal_n of_o the_o whole_a forfeit_a bond_n or_o of_o all_o action_n or_o upon_o record_n acknowledge_v satisfaction_n upon_o judgement_n have_v 91_o this_o be_v a_o waste_n of_o so_o much_o as_o the_o penal_a sum_n be_v more_o than_o be_v receive_v iâ—st_n and_o so_o far_o his_o own_o good_n stand_v liable_a to_o creditor_n not_o satisfy_v and_o so_o doubtless_o be_v it_o if_o he_o do_v but_o give_v up_o the_o bond_n have_v no_o judgement_n upon_o it_o though_o he_o neither_o make_v release_v nor_o acknowledge_v satisfaction_n but_o his_o verbal_a agreement_n to_o require_v or_o sue_v for_o no_o more_o or_o his_o give_v a_o note_n of_o receipt_n for_o so_o much_o as_o he_o have_v receive_v or_o deliver_v of_o the_o bond_n into_o a_o friend_n hand_n or_o into_o a_o court_n of_o equity_n in_o way_n of_o security_n to_o the_o debtor_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v sue_v for_o more_o be_v no_o devastation_n since_o still_o the_o rest_n in_o law_n remain_v due_a and_o sueable_a so_o this_o set_v no_o more_o upon_o the_o executor_n score_n than_o he_o receive_v but_o let_v he_o take_v heed_n of_o release_n except_o he_o be_v sure_a there_o be_v no_o other_o debt_n demandable_a nor_o only_o be_v there_o danger_n in_o release_n of_o debt_n but_o of_o trespass_n or_o other_o cause_n of_o action_n also_o as_o if_o one_o take_v away_o good_n from_o the_o testator_n or_o from_o his_o executor_n if_o the_o executor_n make_v he_o a_o release_n this_o be_v a_o devastation_n and_o make_v his_o own_o good_n liable_a to_o the_o whole_a value_n of_o the_o good_n release_v as_o appear_v by_o russel_n case_n where_o the_o release_n of_o a_o infant_n executor_n to_o one_o who_o have_v take_v and_o commit_v to_o his_o use_n jewel_n and_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n be_v plead_v the_o release_n be_v therefore_o hold_v void_a in_o respect_n of_o nonage_n for_o that_o if_o it_o shall_v have_v stand_v good_a it_o have_v amount_v to_o a_o devastavit_fw-la and_o make_v the_o executor_n own_o good_n liable_a which_o his_o infancy_n consider_v have_v be_v hard_o another_o way_n of_o discharge_v dangerous_a to_o executor_n be_v submit_v matter_n of_o debt_n or_o duty_n or_o touch_v good_n take_v away_o to_o arbitrement_n for_o if_o by_o the_o award_n of_o the_o arbitrator_n the_o debtor_n or_o wrong_a doer_n be_v discharge_v or_o acquit_v without_o make_v full_a recompense_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o value_n will_v as_o to_o other_o creditor_n sit_v upon_o the_o executor_n skirt_n because_o it_o be_v their_o voluntary_a act_n thus_o to_o submit_v it_o to_o arbitrator_n thus_o may_v executor_n fall_v under_o prejudice_n not_o only_o by_o wilful_a waste_n or_o unfaithful_a miscarriage_n wherein_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v pity_v but_o through_o incogitancy_n and_o unskilfulnesse_n also_o nay_o i_o may_v say_v true_o that_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a for_o executor_n in_o some_o case_n to_o walk_v safe_o for_o beside_o that_o to_o find_v out_o all_o judgement_n and_o recognizance_n by_o or_o against_o their_o testator_n be_v of_o some_o difficulty_n more_o than_o for_o statute_n whereof_o by_o search_n in_o a_o office_n descry_v may_v be_v have_v yet_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o statute_n merchant_n and_o statute_n staple_n may_v be_v and_o stand_v effectual_a against_o executor_n though_o not_o enrol_v albeit_o against_o purchaser_n of_o the_o conusor_n land_n they_o be_v not_o of_o force_n if_o neglect_v be_v of_o enrolment_n within_o three_o month_n but_o where_o statute_n or_o recognizance_n lie_v for_o performance_n of_o covenant_n upon_o sale_n or_o lease_n of_o land_n marriage_n agreement_n or_o otherwise_o how_o hard_o be_v it_o for_o executor_n to_o know_v whether_o any_o covenant_n be_v break_v or_o not_o how_o hard_o to_o be_v sure_a they_o find_v out_o all_o bond_n bill_n covenant_n and_o article_n in_o write_v make_v and_o keep_v by_o other_o whereby_o any_o money_n be_v due_a and_o payable_a before_o debt_n by_o contract_n or_o legacy_n as_o also_o all_o promise_n or_o debt_n by_o contract_n payable_a before_o legacy_n for_o the_o law_n have_v prescribe_v no_o time_n for_o their_o claim_n and_o demand_v and_o whether_o some_o such_o thing_n or_o mean_a of_o publication_n be_v not_o fit_a to_o be_v enact_v let_v the_o judicious_a consider_v to_o attain_v to_o this_o knowledge_n of_o the_o testator_n debt_n i_o remember_v that_o it_o be_v by_o the_o lord_n brook_v report_v that_o in_o king_n henry_n the_o 8_o the_o his_o time_n sir_n edmund_n knightley_n be_v executor_n to_o sir_n william_n spencer_n make_v proclamation_n in_o certain_a market_n town_n that_o the_o creditor_n shall_v come_v by_o a_o certain_a day_n and_o claim_n and_o prove_v their_o debt_n but_o he_o for_o this_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o fleet_n and_o fine_v for_o that_o none_o may_v make_v proclamation_n say_v the_o book_n without_o warrant_n or_o authority_n from_o the_o king_n except_o major_n and_o such_o like_a governor_n of_o town_n who_o by_o privilege_n or_o custom_n may_v so_o do_v but_o the_o danger_n be_v only_o where_o there_o be_v not_o sufficient_a of_o the_o testator_n good_n and_o chatel_n to_o satisfy_v both_o
by_o a_o wrongful_a person_n and_o in_o suttons_n case_n it_o be_v express_o hold_v that_o each_o executor_n shall_v answer_v for_o so_o much_o as_o he_o waste_v now_o for_o the_o five_o and_o last_o point_n viz._n how_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n relief_n shall_v be_v have_v upon_o this_o point_n of_o waste_v for_o he_o to_o who_o it_o pertain_v first_o this_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o in_o case_n where_o the_o verdict_n pass_v direct_o against_o the_o plaintiff_n no_o devastation_n can_v come_v in_o question_n for_o that_o no_o judgement_n be_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n no_o writ_n of_o execution_n can_v issue_v and_o therefore_o if_o upon_o the_o issue_n of_o full_o administer_v it_o shall_v appear_v that_o there_o have_v be_v a_o devastation_n which_o cause_v asset_n to_o fail_v reg_fw-la then_o must_v the_o jury_n find_v that_o the_o defendant_n have_v asset_n and_o not_o find_v a_o devastation_n as_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n between_o hankeford_n and_o metford_n for_o there_o the_o jury_n find_v a_o devastation_n viz._n a_o surrender_n of_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n leave_v by_o the_o testator_n it_o be_v hold_v void_a and_o nugatory_n and_o be_v not_o regard_v by_o the_o court_n which_o say_v that_o must_v come_v in_o by_o the_o sheriff_n return_v viz._n upon_o the_o fieri_fw-la fac_fw-la thus_o asset_n be_v find_v in_o the_o executor_n hand_n judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n to_o recover_v his_o debt_n and_o to_o have_v it_o levy_v of_o these_o asset_n nor_o be_v this_o find_n of_o they_o by_o a_o jury_n against_o truth_n though_o they_o be_v waste_v and_o so_o not_o to_o be_v have_v in_o kind_n for_o the_o executor_n have_v they_o in_o right_a since_o he_o have_v not_o rightful_o part_v from_o they_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n propossessore_fw-la habetur_fw-la qui_fw-la dolo_fw-la or_o injuria_fw-la desiit_fw-la possidere_fw-la as_o in_o the_o case_n first_o put_v this_o waste_a can_v come_v in_o question_n for_o want_v of_o a_o judgement_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n so_o also_o where_o the_o judgement_n itself_o extend_v to_o the_o executor_n own_o good_n by_o reason_n of_o some_o false_a plea_n whereof_o we_o shall_v after_o consider_v for_o since_o that_o the_o consequence_n and_o effect_n of_o a_o vastation_n be_v but_o to_o make_v the_o executor_n own_o proper_a good_n liable_a to_o the_o debt_n of_o the_o creditor_n this_o be_v altogether_o needless_a where_o the_o judgement_n itself_o have_v lay_v hold_n on_o his_o good_n but_o now_o in_o case_n where_o the_o judgement_n extend_v only_o to_o the_o testator_n good_n in_o the_o executor_n hand_n let_v we_o find_v the_o way_n to_o relieve_v the_o creditor_n in_o case_n the_o testator_n good_n be_v waste_v by_o misadministr_a or_o otherwise_o for_o hereabout_o the_o right_a way_n have_v often_o be_v miss_v and_o again_o easy_o may_v be_v in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n this_o course_n be_v take_v case_n viz._n the_o sheriff_n return_v general_o that_o the_o executor_n have_v no_o good_n 32_o a_o surmise_n be_v enter_v that_o the_o executor_n have_v convert_v to_o his_o own_o use_n the_o testator_n good_n whereupon_o a_o writ_n be_v award_v to_o the_o sheriff_n to_o inquire_v thereof_o by_o jury_n or_o enquest_n which_o he_o do_v and_o return_v that_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o executor_n have_v waste_v the_o good_n and_o thereupon_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la be_v award_v against_o the_o executor_n to_o show_v cause_n why_o execution_n shall_v not_o be_v of_o his_o own_o good_n and_o upon_o two_o nihil_n return_v execution_n be_v so_o award_v but_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v hereupon_o bring_v and_o although_o it_o be_v say_v for_o defence_n of_o that_o course_n that_o it_o be_v usual_a in_o the_o common_a plea_n and_o more_o favourable_a than_o the_o other_o course_n where_o the_o sheriff_n only_o return_v the_o waste_a or_o be_v sole_a judge_n thereof_o whereas_o here_o it_o be_v find_v by_o a_o inquest_n of_o juror_n and_o thereupon_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la award_v yet_o do_v the_o court_n resolve_v the_o contrary_a and_o reverse_v this_o execution_n as_o erroneous_a for_o it_o be_v say_v that_o upon_o the_o sheriff_n return_v of_o nulla_fw-la bona_fw-la viz._n that_o there_o be_v no_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n to_o be_v find_v the_o plaintiff_n shall_v have_v a_o special_a writ_n of_o fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la 9_o will_v the_o sheriff_n to_o levy_v the_o sum_n recover_v etc._n either_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n or_o if_o it_o can_v appear_v that_o the_o executor_n have_v waste_v the_o testator_n then_o to_o levy_v it_o of_o his_o own_o good_n and_o this_o way_n as_o be_v say_v the_o executor_n have_v good_a remedy_n by_o action_n against_o the_o sheriff_n if_o without_o just_a cause_n he_o levy_v it_o of_o his_o good_n 11._o but_o the_o other_o way_n viz._n when_o inquest_n be_v thereupon_o take_v the_o remedy_n fail_v since_o neither_o sheriff_n do_v according_a to_o the_o inquest_n can_v be_v punish_v nor_o the_o juror_n find_v false_o be_v subject_n to_o any_o attaint_n it_o be_v no_o verdict_n upon_o issue_n join_v but_o a_o inquest_n of_o office_n which_o exclude_v also_o all_o challenge_n of_o juror_n and_o whereas_o that_o book_n mention_n the_o sheriff_n subjection_n to_o action_n only_o in_o case_n of_o his_o mis-feasance_a or_o do_v wrong_n i_o conceive_v that_o he_o be_v likewise_o suable_a for_o omission_n or_o nonfeasance_n in_o this_o case_n viz._n for_o not_o levy_v the_o debt_n upon_o the_o executor_n own_o good_n where_o proof_n be_v make_v of_o his_o waste_n and_o where_o the_o book_n mention_n this_o fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la to_o be_v in_o this_o manner_n upon_o the_o sheriff_n return_v in_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la 32._o doubtless_o the_o book_n therein_o be_v misprint_v and_o shall_v be_v a_o fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la for_o in_o a_o sciri_n facias_fw-la the_o sheriff_n can_v return_v nothing_o but_o that_o he_o have_v warn_v the_o party_n or_o that_o he_o have_v nothing_o where_o by_o he_o may_v be_v warn_v this_o then_o be_v the_o course_n there_o prescribe_v that_o first_o a_o general_a fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la go_v out_o and_o that_o thereupon_o the_o sheriff_n return_v general_o that_o the_o defendant_n have_v no_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o that_o thereupon_o the_o say_v special_a writ_n be_v to_o issue_n yet_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n the_o verdict_n pass_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n upon_o the_o issue_n of_o full_o administer_v case_n the_o sheriff_n be_v not_o permit_v to_o make_v such_o a_o general_a return_n of_o no_o good_n to_o be_v find_v of_o the_o testator_n but_o be_v enforce_v by_o the_o court_n upon_o good_a advisement_n either_o to_o levy_v the_o debt_n or_o to_o return_v a_o devastavit_fw-la and_o so_o be_v do_v at_o last_o by_o the_o sheriff_n of_o london_n much_o against_o their_o mind_n and_o thereupon_o go_v out_o a_o writ_n to_o levy_v the_o debt_n of_o the_o executor_n own_o good_n first_o into_o london_n and_o after_o into_o devonshire_n upon_o a_o testatum_fw-la that_o the_o executor_n have_v good_n there_o and_o it_o be_v there_o say_v that_o if_o no_o good_n can_v be_v there_o find_v than_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v have_v a_o capias_fw-la to_o take_v the_o executor_n body_n in_o execution_n or_o a_o elegit_fw-la for_o the_o moiety_n of_o his_o land_n but_o certain_o i_o can_v find_v except_o with_o a_o difference_n how_o this_o course_n of_o enforce_v the_o sheriff_n to_o do_v one_o of_o these_o two_o can_v be_v just_a as_o neither_o can_v justice_n fulthorp_n 38._o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o approve_v it_o for_o a_o jury_n of_o one_o county_n may_v find_v asset_n in_o another_o county_n as_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o lay_v which_o yet_o be_v understand_v of_o good_n movable_a and_o not_o of_o land_n this_o then_o thus_o be_v if_o a_o jury_n of_o kent_n find_v asset_n which_o be_v in_o london_n or_o essex_n how_o can_v the_o sheriff_n of_o kent_n where_o the_o action_n be_v lay_v leafy_a the_o debt_n recover_v by_o or_o out_o of_o these_o good_n or_o since_o he_o can_v why_o shall_v he_o be_v compel_v to_o make_v a_o false_a return_n of_o a_o waste_a do_v when_o the_o good_n remain_v unspent_a and_o unwasted_a in_o another_o county_n why_o rather_o shall_v he_o not_o be_v suffer_v to_o return_v according_a to_o truth_n that_o there_o be_v nothing_o within_o his_o county_n or_o bayliwicke_n whereof_o the_o debt_n may_v be_v levy_v 8._o since_o even_o his_o oath_n tie_v he_o to_o make_v a_o true_a return_n nor_o be_v this_o contrary_a to_o the_o verdict_n find_v asset_n general_o and_o this_o so_o return_v upon_o
will_v after_o find_v and_o prove_v may_v free_v himself_o from_o be_v a_o executor_n of_o his_o own_o wrong_n by_o special_a plead_n how_o or_o in_o what_o right_a he_o intermedle_v and_o traverse_v his_o administer_a in_o other_o manner_n and_o that_o this_o traverse_n need_v not_o nay_o may_v not_o be_v 28._o be_v hold_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o 6_o the_o and_o 7_o the_o for_o that_o such_o act_n amount_v not_o to_o any_o administer_a at_o all_o aliter_fw-la and_o where_o no_o administer_a at_o all_o be_v confess_v such_o a_o traverse_n of_o not_o administer_a in_o other_o manner_n be_v dissonant_n and_o not_o legal_a but_o let_v we_o look_v back_o upon_o these_o several_a point_n exempt_v by_o the_o lord_n dyar_n exec._n and_o we_o shall_v see_v some_o caution_n necessary_a touch_v they_o and_o their_o safe_a entertainment_n first_o as_o touch_v the_o point_n of_o bury_v the_o dead_a it_o must_v be_v understand_v to_o be_v with_o some_o expense_n of_o the_o decease_v good_n and_o so_o be_v it_o express_v in_o the_o say_a book_n of_o henry_n the_o 6_o the_o his_o time_n else_o for_o a_o man_n out_o of_o charity_n 28._o to_o lay_v out_o of_o his_o own_o money_n not_o intermeddle_v with_o the_o good_n of_o the_o decease_a to_o bury_v a_o friend_n have_v little_a colour_n to_o involve_v he_o so_o do_v in_o a_o executorship_n by_o wrong_n take_v the_o case_n than_o that_o such_o person_n lay_v out_o or_o expend_v of_o the_o decease_v good_n or_o money_n upon_o his_o funeral_n heed_n must_v be_v take_v touch_v the_o measure_n and_o proportion_n whereabout_o though_o i_o can_v give_v no_o particular_a and_o distinct_a lymit_n yet_o doubtless_o either_o mere_a necessity_n viz._n church_n duty_n etc._n etc._n or_o at_o least_o decent_a suitableness_n to_o his_o quality_n must_v be_v the_o bound_n and_o herein_o to_o speak_v as_o i_o think_v this_o latter_a must_v either_o be_v utter_o exclude_v or_o hold_v within_o very_o narrow_a compass_n for_o what_o reason_n that_o a_o knight_n or_o man_n of_o high_a quality_n leave_v though_o perhaps_o entail_v land_n of_o good_a value_n yet_o good_n not_o sufficient_a to_o pay_v his_o debt_n shall_v have_v a_o hundred_o pound_n or_o more_o of_o that_o which_o shall_v satisfy_v creditor_n spend_v in_o pompous_a inter_v of_o he_o for_o his_o worship_n 322._o and_o reputation_n next_o overseer_n may_v only_o be_v excuse_v for_o seek_v to_o preserve_v and_o keep_v the_o testator_n good_n not_o in_o case_n they_o expend_v or_o dispose_v thereof_o matter_n so_o also_o for_o he_o who_o be_v autorize_v by_o the_o ordinary_a to_o collect_v for_o if_o he_o sell_v or_o dispose_v of_o any_o though_o good_n otherwise_o subject_a to_o perish_v it_o make_v he_o a_o executor_n by_o wrong_n as_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n notwithstanding_o that_o by_o the_o ordinary_n letter_n he_o be_v express_o direct_v or_o warrant_v so_o to_o do_v for_o it_o be_v say_v the_o ordinary_a himself_o can_v not_o so_o do_v as_o for_o he_o who_o administer_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o will_v after_o disprove_v or_o control_v by_o a_o latter_a he_o must_v not_o doubtless_o stand_v free_a for_o the_o good_n before_o administer_v but_o either_o as_o rightful_a or_o wrongful_a executor_n stand_v liable_a to_o the_o creditor_n 105._o nor_o do_v every_o such_o intermeddle_v by_o one_o out_o of_o all_o these_o excuse_n and_o evasion_n as_o will_v be_v a_o administration_n make_v one_o a_o executor_n by_o wrong_n if_o one_o do_v but_o take_v a_o horse_n of_o the_o decease_a and_o tie_v he_o in_o his_o house_n or_o stable_a this_o make_v he_o not_o a_o executor_n say_v paston_n a_o justice_n so_o of_o like_a act_n or_o intermedling_n 28._o as_o he_o that_o deliver_v to_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o decease_a her_o apparel_n at_o least_o if_o it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o be_v convenient_a to_o her_o degree_n but_o if_o she_o take_v or_o another_o deliver_v more_o than_o such_o to_o she_o 166_o she_o or_o he_o become_v a_o executor_n by_o wrong_n but_o now_o let_v we_o come_v to_o a_o difference_n where_o there_o be_v a_o rightful_a executor_n and_o a_o will_n by_o he_o prove_v or_o administration_n commit_v for_o there_o such_o light_a act_n or_o intermedling_n shall_v not_o make_v one_o a_o executor_n by_o wrong_n eliz._n as_o where_o there_o be_v no_o other_o of_o right_a to_o be_v sue_v as_o if_o one_o take_v good_n wrongful_o from_o such_o a_o right_a executor_n or_o administrator_n this_o though_o he_o convert_v they_o to_o his_o own_o use_n make_v he_o not_o a_o executor_n by_o wrong_n but_o a_o trespassor_n to_o the_o rightful_a executor_n or_o administrator_n who_o even_o for_o these_o good_n once_o asset_n in_o his_o hand_n stand_v liable_a to_o suit_n of_o creditor_n they_o be_v neither_o lawful_o evict_v nor_o right_o administer_v but_o in_o case_n there_o have_v be_v no_o executor_n at_o that_o time_n or_o no_o will_n prove_v nor_o administration_n commit_v than_o such_o take_n of_o the_o decease_v good_n into_o a_o strange_a hand_n have_v make_v a_o executorship_n by_o wrong_n b._n and_o thus_o be_v the_o difference_n late_o resolve_v 34._o as_o be_v report_v by_o the_o lord_n cook_n in_o the_o case_n between_o reade_n and_o carter_n in_o the_o common_a place_n yet_o this_o further_a difference_n be_v there_o hold_v viz._n that_o although_o there_o be_v a_o executor_n or_o administrator_n by_o right_n yet_o if_o a_o stranger_n take_v upon_o he_o to_o receive_v debt_n and_o make_v acquittance_n or_o to_o pay_v debt_n claim_v to_o be_v a_o executor_n he_o be_v sueable_a as_o a_o executor_n by_o this_o act_n and_o so_o also_o in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n be_v hold_v by_o 6._o just_a b._n as_o touch_v the_o receipt_n of_o debt_n and_o make_v acquittance_n but_o the_o book_n mention_n not_o whether_o any_o other_o executor_n than_o be_v or_o not_o but_o in_o the_o point_n of_o bare_a payment_n of_o debt_n frowick_n make_v another_o difference_n 5._o viz._n if_o a_o stranger_n do_v with_o his_o own_o money_n pay_v the_o debt_n of_o a_o friend_n decease_v and_o not_o with_o the_o debtor_n this_o be_v but_o a_o act_n of_o charity_n and_o make_v he_o not_o a_o executor_n by_o wrong_n otherwise_o if_o with_o the_o debtor_n money_n yet_o to_o this_o another_o difference_n must_v be_v add_v viz._n that_o if_o he_o thus_o pay_v with_o his_o own_o money_n have_v take_v into_o his_o own_o hand_n good_n of_o the_o decease_a then_o be_v his_o payment_n presume_v as_o by_o or_o out_o of_o the_o value_n of_o these_o good_n and_o so_o make_v he_o a_o executor_n by_o wrong_n contrary_o if_o he_o have_v no_o such_o good_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o in_o the_o point_n of_o intermeddle_v with_o and_o dispose_n of_o the_o testator_n good_n where_o another_o executor_n be_v this_o further_a difference_n be_v to_o be_v add_v or_o understand_v viz._n that_o where_o the_o good_n so_o take_v never_o come_v actual_o to_o the_o executor_n hand_n but_o be_v in_o a_o remote_a place_n there_o this_o taker_n become_v executor_n for_o as_o it_o be_v mischievous_a to_o the_o executor_n if_o he_o shall_v by_o a_o possession_n in_o law_n cast_v upon_o he_o stand_v chargeable_a with_o these_o good_n in_o remote_a place_n purloin_v as_o asset_n in_o his_o hand_n so_o be_v it_o as_o mischievous_a to_o creditor_n if_o neither_o executor_n by_o right_n nor_o this_o stranger_n as_o a_o executor_n by_o wrong_n shall_v stand_v liable_a to_o creditor_n for_o they_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o right_a executor_n may_v sue_v and_o recover_v damage_n for_o they_o and_o that_o so_o recover_v shall_v be_v asset_n but_o the_o creditor_n have_v no_o mean_n at_o the_o common_a law_n to_o enforce_v he_o to_o sue_v and_o perhaps_o it_o may_v be_v a_o cold_a suit_n and_o with_o these_o addition_n i_o think_v that_o late_o resolve_v difference_n may_v stand_v firm_a and_o sound_a yet_o in_o former_a time_n without_o such_o difference_n the_o take_v only_o and_o possession_n of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o decease_a be_v hold_v to_o create_v a_o executorship_n by_o wrong_n as_o belknap_n say_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edw._n 3._o 9_o and_o especial_o if_o the_o act_n be_v such_o as_o remove_v the_o property_n out_o of_o the_o right_a executor_n eliz._n as_o just_o fennar_n in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n say_v testae_fw-la meipso_fw-la how_o and_o by_o what_o name_n suit_n shall_v be_v against_o such_o and_o the_o like_a touch_v the_o second_o point_n viz._n in_o what_o manner_n suit_n shall_v be_v against_o such_o point_n first_o in_o general_a this_o usurp_a executor_n be_v not_o in_o suit_n to_o be_v distinguish_v by_o name_n from_o the_o right_a executor_n 8._o but_o to_o be_v sue_v general_o by_o the_o
of_o the_o testator_n good_n if_o so_o much_o in_o value_n of_o they_o be_v in_o the_o defendant_n hand_n and_o if_o not_o than_o the_o cost_v only_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o executor_n and_o this_o sure_o be_v the_o right_a and_o more_o just_a way_n for_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n that_o upon_o on_o a_o promise_n more_o than_o upon_o a_o bond_n the_o law_n shall_v cast_v the_o whole_a debt_n upon_o the_o back_n and_o state_n of_o the_o executor_n but_o perhaps_o the_o two_o judgement_n may_v be_v reconcile_v thus_o the_o late_a be_v give_v upon_o a_o verdict_n non_fw-la assumpsit_fw-la be_v the_o issue_n and_o there_o the_o jury_n assess_v damage_n in_o certain_a viz._n two_o hundred_o fifty_o three_o pound_n with_o the_o cost_n so_o as_o here_o the_o judgement_n be_v complete_a and_o full_a viz._n to_o recover_v the_o say_a sum_n but_o in_o the_o other_o case_n the_o judgement_n be_v have_v upon_o a_o demurrer_n so_o as_o the_o damage_n not_o be_v know_v it_o be_v general_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v recover_v his_o damage_n against_o the_o defendant_n sed_fw-la quia_fw-la nescitur_fw-la quae_fw-la damna_fw-la etc._n etc._n because_o it_o appear_v not_o to_o the_o court_n what_o the_o damage_n be_v therefore_o a_o writ_n be_v award_v to_o inquire_v of_o damage_n upon_o the_o return_n whereof_o execute_v the_o judgement_n be_v full_o and_o complete_o to_o be_v give_v of_o a_o sum_n in_o certain_a which_o second_o judgement_n it_o appear_v not_o by_o the_o book_n in_o what_o manner_n it_o be_v enter_v and_o therefore_o may_v perhaps_o be_v then_o agreeable_a with_o the_o other_o and_o that_o the_o say_v first_o judgement_n before_o damage_n inquire_v of_o be_v not_o a_o plenary_a &_o full_a judgement_n eliz._n but_o a_o award_n of_o judgement_n have_v be_v divers_a time_n resolve_v banc_fw-la and_o that_o therefore_o any_o defect_n and_o insufficiency_n in_o the_o declaration_n may_v be_v show_v time_n enough_o after_o the_o first_o and_o before_o the_o second_o judgement_n yea_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n die_v before_o the_o second_o judgement_n though_o after_o the_o first_o the_o action_n fall_v to_o the_o ground_n so_o if_o the_o defendant_n die_v otherwise_o of_o death_n after_o full_a judgement_n but_o this_o notwithstanding_o and_o howsoever_o it_o there_o be_v do_v upon_o the_o second_o judgement_n i_o think_v it_o be_v right_a and_o fit_a that_o the_o first_o judgement_n shall_v express_v that_o the_o damage_n shall_v be_v have_v and_o levy_v out_o of_o the_o testator_n good_n for_o who_o and_o in_o who_o right_a the_o executor_n be_v sue_v another_o case_n there_o be_v wherein_o the_o judgement_n must_v be_v as_o it_o seem_v against_o the_o executor_n own_o good_n death_n viz._n in_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n for_o a_o breach_n of_o covenant_n since_o the_o testator_n death_n debt_n for_o so_o be_v it_o hold_v both_o by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o common_a plea_n except_o the_o l._n dyar_n eliz_n and_o by_o the_o pregnotary_n in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n where_o the_o case_n be_v of_o a_o house_n upon_o the_o lease_n negligent_o burn_v in_o the_o executor_n time_n for_o which_o damage_n only_o be_v to_o be_v recover_v and_o sometime_o where_o the_o executor_n himself_o be_v so_o to_o bear_v the_o burden_n etc._n i_o find_v the_o judgement_n enter_v that_o the_o sum_n recover_v shall_v be_v levy_v of_o the_o land_n and_o good_n of_o the_o executor_n chap._n xvii_o of_o woman_n covert_a executor_n there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o person_n who_o have_v some_o disability_n upon_o they_o viz._n femme_fw-fr covert_n or_o marry_a woman_n and_o infant_n touch_v who_o we_o find_v in_o many_o place_n question_n and_o disceptation_n in_o our_o book_n we_o will_v consider_v of_o they_o by_o themselves_o or_o apart_o from_o other_o yet_o not_o join_v they_o together_o neither_o but_o each_o by_o himself_o separately_z first_o therefore_o of_o femme_fw-fr covert_n touch_v who_o we_o will_v consider_v these_o three_o thing_n first_o whether_o they_o may_v make_v will_n and_o executor_n with_o or_o without_o their_o husband_n assent_n and_o how_o where_o and_o in_o what_o case_n second_o whether_o they_o may_v be_v make_v executor_n without_o their_o husband_n assent_n or_o how_o their_o husband_n may_v hinder_v it_o three_o what_o act_v in_o execution_n of_o the_o executorship_n they_o may_v do_v without_o their_o husband_n or_o their_o husband_n without_o they_o a_o woman_n marry_v 1_o or_o femme_fw-fr covert_n we_o know_v be_v sub_fw-la potestate_fw-la viri_fw-la cui_fw-la in_o vita_fw-la contradicere_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la as_o say_v the_o write_v give_v by_o the_o law_n to_o the_o wife_n for_o recovery_n of_o her_o land_n after_o her_o husband_n death_n be_v alien_v by_o he_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o judge_n examinata_fw-la when_o a_o woman_n be_v to_o acknowledge_v a_o fine_a of_o any_o land_n do_v examine_v she_o apart_o from_o her_o husband_n to_o know_v whether_o she_o be_v willing_a or_o come_v to_o do_v it_o by_o the_o compulsion_n of_o her_o husband_n it_o be_v therefore_o hard_a for_o she_o to_o have_v freedom_n of_o will_n and_o consequent_o freedom_n to_o make_v a_o will_n beside_o all_o her_o moveable_n or_o good_n personal_a good_a which_o she_o have_v at_o the_o time_n of_o her_o marriage_n otherwise_o than_o as_o executrix_fw-la or_o administratrix_fw-la be_v by_o the_o law_n total_o devest_v out_o of_o she_o and_o settle_v in_o the_o husband_n as_o full_o ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la upon_o the_o very_a marriage_n as_o any_o other_o that_o be_v his_o own_o before_o of_o these_o therefore_o she_o can_v make_v no_o disposition_n no_o more_o than_o of_o other_o her_o husband_n good_n but_o in_o case_n she_o do_v by_o will_v bequeath_v they_o although_o the_o will_n and_o gift_n be_v void_a yet_o if_o the_o husband_n 24._o as_o the_o case_n be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n the_o second_o do_v after_o his_o wife_n death_n consent_n to_o this_o her_o will_n &_o gift_n by_o deliver_v of_o the_o good_n bequeath_v after_o her_o death_n or_o assent_v that_o the_o legatee_n take_v they_o by_o virtue_n of_o such_o will_n and_o gift_n this_o amount_v to_o a_o new_a gift_n by_o the_o husband_n if_o a_o woman_n have_v a_o lease_n a_o estate_n by_o extent_n a_o wardship_n the_o next_o avoidance_n of_o a_o church_n or_o other_o chattel_n real_a these_o be_v not_o devest_v out_o of_o she_o into_o her_o husband_n by_o marriage_n but_o in_o case_n she_o over-live_a he_o they_o continue_v to_o she_o as_o before_o no_o alienation_n or_o alteration_n have_v be_v make_v by_o the_o husband_n who_o have_v power_n to_o dispose_v of_o they_o by_o gift_n in_o his_o life-time_n though_o not_o by_o his_o will_n yet_o such_o a_o woman_n in_o her_o husband_n life-time_n can_v not_o of_o or_o for_o these_o thing_n without_o her_o husband_n assent_n make_v a_o executor_n or_o will_n but_o she_o die_v before_o he_o they_o will_v by_o the_o operation_n of_o law_n accrue_v to_o he_o and_o here_o then_o observe_v a_o case_n though_o not_o frequent_a yet_o full_a of_o mischief_n when_o it_o happen_v suppose_v that_o a_o woman_n indebt_v a_o thousand_o pound_n and_o have_v lease_n and_o movable_a good_n to_o the_o value_n of_o three_o thousand_o or_o four_o thousand_o pound_n marry_v with_o i._n s._n and_o then_o die_v before_o the_o debt_n be_v recover_v against_o she_o in_o this_o case_n the_o husband_n shall_v have_v and_o go_v away_o with_o all_o this_o value_n of_o his_o wife_n and_o be_v not_o in_o law_n liable_a to_o pay_v one_o penny_n of_o her_o debt_n after_o because_o he_o be_v neither_o her_o executor_n nor_o administrator_n what_o the_o chancery_n can_v do_v or_o rather_o what_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n or_o lord_n keeper_n will_v do_v in_o this_o case_n i_o will_v not_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o say_v or_o determine_v another_o sort_n or_o kind_n of_o good_n or_o rather_o interest_n a_o woman_n may_v have_v viz._n debt_n or_o thing_n in_o action_n which_o as_o the_o former_a be_v not_o devest_v out_o of_o she_o by_o marriage_n into_o her_o husband_n they_o nor_o yet_o can_v she_o thereof_o make_v a_o executor_n without_o her_o husband_n assent_n although_o they_o be_v one_o degree_n far_o from_o the_o husband_n than_o the_o say_a chatel_n real_n for_o that_o though_o thâ—_n husband_n do_v overlive_v the_o wife_n he_o shall_v not_o be_v entitle_v to_o they_o as_o to_o the_o former_a 22._o but_o if_o his_o wife_n make_v he_o executor_n wife_n as_o she_o may_v or_o if_o after_o her_o death_n he_o take_v administration_n of_o her_o good_n then_o as_o he_o be_v thereby_o entitle_v to_o they_o so_o be_v he_o liable_a also_o to_o pay_v her_o debt_n out_o of_o the_o same_o when_o he_o shall_v have_v receive_v they_o last_o etc._n dato_n that_o a_o woman_n covert_n
must_v needs_o be_v a_o die_a for_o part_v testate_a and_o for_o part_v intestate_a as_o for_o the_o second_o point_n viz._n wife_n or_o woman_n covert_n be_v make_v executor_n and_o so_o have_v the_o office_n of_o executorship_n put_v upon_o they_o against_o their_o husband_n will_n 119._o there_o have_v also_o be_v diversity_n of_o opinion_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n 1_o brab_n justice_n say_v she_o may_v executor_n without_o her_o husband_n and_o the_o administration_n shall_v be_v deliver_v to_o she_o only_o and_o i_o think_v he_o mean_v that_o this_o may_v be_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o her_o husband_n or_o whether_o he_o will_v or_o not_o for_o so_o be_v it_o say_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o to_o be_v the_o law_n spiritual_a b._n and_o indeed_o in_o court_n spiritual_a no_o difference_n be_v make_v between_o woman_n marry_v and_o unmarried_a for_o aught_o i_o can_v find_v there_o a_o wife_n sue_v and_o be_v sue_v alone_o without_o her_o husband_n he_o intermeddle_v not_o nor_o be_v intermedle_v withal_o touch_v the_o thing_n pertain_v to_o his_o wife_n but_o at_o the_o common_a law_n it_o be_v otherwise_o and_o there_o as_o bryan_n chief_a justice_n say_v 15._o a_o wife_n without_o the_o assent_n of_o her_o husband_n can_v be_v executor_n he_o mean_v thereby_o that_o the_o husband_n may_v oppose_v and_o hinder_v it_o for_o such_o a_o one_o may_v be_v name_v executor_n in_o and_o by_o a_o will_n without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o her_o husband_n let_v we_o then_o see_v how_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n the_o husband_n can_v hinder_v she_o prove_v of_o the_o will_n or_o intermeddle_v to_o administer_v since_o it_o may_v be_v a_o matter_n both_o of_o much_o trouble_n and_o danger_n to_o he_o to_o have_v the_o executorship_n fasten_v upon_o his_o wife_n and_o consequent_o upon_o himself_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o may_v be_v a_o benefit_n and_o advantage_n to_o the_o husband_n and_o therefore_o we_o will_v also_o consider_v whether_o the_o husband_n may_v though_o his_o wife_n will_v refuse_v assume_v the_o executorship_n and_o fasten_v it_o upon_o she_o the_o testator_n therefore_o be_v dead_a and_o fame_n or_o common_a bruit_n carry_v it_o to_o the_o ordinary_a that_o the_o wife_n of_o i._o s._n be_v make_v executrix_fw-la if_o she_o come_v not_o in_o gratis_o or_o voluntary_o to_o prove_v the_o will_n process_n or_o a_o citation_n be_v to_o be_v send_v out_o of_o the_o spiritual_a court_n against_o she_o to_o enforce_v her_o come_n in_o to_o take_v on_o she_o the_o executorship_n she_o come_v may_v clear_o as_o well_o as_o any_o other_o person_n especial_o if_o her_o husband_n concur_v with_o she_o therein_o refuse_v this_o office_n trust_v and_o charge_n so_o as_o if_o there_o be_v no_o other_o executor_n name_v the_o ordinary_a must_v commit_v the_o administration_n if_o she_o shall_v not_o come_v and_o appear_v she_o shall_v be_v excommunicate_a as_o i_o take_v it_o notwithstanding_o any_o allegation_n or_o intimation_n by_o her_o husband_n of_o his_o unwillingness_n to_o have_v she_o take_v upon_o she_o the_o executorship_n but_o suppose_v she_o do_v come_v into_o court_n and_o offer_v herself_o ready_a to_o take_v the_o executorship_n upon_o she_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n her_o husband_n express_v he_o disassent_v thereunto_o pray_v that_o she_o may_v not_o have_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o will_n to_o she_o commit_v what_o will_v then_o be_v do_v this_o i_o confess_v pertain_v to_o another_o learning_n and_o not_o to_o that_o of_o our_o profession_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o i_o find_v that_o in_o the_o court_v spiritual_a a_o wife_n stand_v in_o the_o same_o plight_n and_o state_n as_o a_o woman_n sole_a the_o husband_n not_o intermedle_v with_o all_o in_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o wife_n therefore_o do_v i_o conceive_v that_o in_o that_o court_n the_o husband_n refusal_n will_v not_o be_v of_o force_n to_o hinder_v the_o commit_n of_o the_o executorship_n to_o the_o wife_n not_o refuse_v at_o least_o if_o there_o come_v not_o a_o prohibition_n to_o stay_v the_o spiritual_a court_n such_o proceed_n but_o whether_o a_o prohibition_n be_v in_o such_o a_o case_n to_o be_v grant_v or_o not_o as_o i_o find_v no_o resolution_n in_o my_o book_n so_o will_v i_o not_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o resolve_v this_o stand_v clear_a in_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n 1._o that_o the_o wife_n be_v under_o the_o husband_n power_n and_o can_v contradict_v he_o in_o plead_v and_o do_v other_o act_n even_o touch_v she_o own_o freehold_a 24._o nay_o she_o can_v take_v land_n nor_o good_n by_o gift_n or_o conveyance_n without_o her_o husband_n assent_n as_o the_o law_n have_v be_v and_o for_o aught_o i_o know_v be_v take_v but_o if_o once_o the_o will_v be_v prove_v and_o the_o execution_n thereof_o commit_v to_o the_o wife_n though_o against_o her_o husband_n mind_n and_o consent_n i_o think_v it_o will_v stand_v sirme_a and_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n be_v after_o sue_v can_v say_v that_o she_o be_v never_o executrix_fw-la and_o i_o doubt_v whether_o the_o wife_n administer_a without_o the_o husband_n privity_n and_o assent_n although_o the_o will_v be_v not_o prove_v do_v not_o conclude_v her_o husband_n as_o well_o as_o herself_o from_o say_v after_o in_o any_o suit_n against_o they_o that_o she_o neither_o be_v executor_n nor_o do_v ever_o administer_v as_o executor_n husband_n yet_o perhaps_o this_o administration_n by_o the_o wife_n against_o her_o husband_n mind_n will_v as_o against_o he_o be_v as_o a_o void_a act_n else_o can_v i_o see_v how_o brian_n opinion_n before_o cite_v viz._n that_o the_o wife_n shall_v not_o be_v a_o executor_n without_o or_o against_o her_o husband_n mind_n can_v be_v law_n on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o husband_n of_o a_o woman_n name_v executor_n will_v have_v his_o wife_n to_o take_v upon_o she_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o will_n wife_n and_o to_o prove_v the_o same_o but_o she_o will_v not_o assent_v thereunto_o wish_v perhaps_o that_o gain_n and_o benefit_n rather_o to_o some_o of_o her_o kindred_n by_o way_n of_o administration_n then_o to_o her_o own_o husband_n by_o her_o executorship_n as_o sometime_o wife_n accord_v not_o well_o with_o their_o husband_n in_o this_o case_n i_o think_v the_o court_n spiritual_a will_v not_o fasten_v the_o executorship_n upon_o the_o wife_n against_o she_o will_n but_o dato_fw-la that_o the_o husband_n though_o the_o will_v be_v not_o prove_v do_v administer_v as_o in_o the_o wife_n right_a but_o against_o her_o mind_n and_o will_n shall_v she_o be_v now_o hereby_o bind_v and_o conclude_v so_o as_o after_o she_o can_v decline_v or_o avoid_v the_o executorship_n and_o sure_o i_o think_v that_o during_o her_o husband_n life_n she_o stand_v conclude_v at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o that_o there_o she_o shall_v not_o be_v nor_o can_v be_v sue_v alone_o as_o executor_n and_o then_o be_v sue_v with_o he_o she_o must_v join_v in_o plea_n with_o he_o viz._n that_o she_o neither_o be_v executor_n nor_o administer_v as_o executor_n and_o then_o this_o act_n of_o her_o husband_n give_v in_o evidence_n will_v as_o i_o take_v it_o cause_n that_o the_o verdict_n be_v find_v against_o she_o bill_n not_o so_o after_o her_o husband_n death_n then_o she_o may_v refuse_v as_o the_o lord_n dyar_n say_v and_o cit_v as_o resolve_v these_o thing_n i_o think_v good_a to_o offer_v to_o consideration_n and_o so_o leave_v they_o without_o resolution_n difference_n perhaps_o may_v be_v where_o a_o woman_n so_o make_v executor_n take_v a_o husband_n after_o the_o testator_n death_n before_o either_o prove_v or_o refuse_v to_o prove_v the_o will_n and_o where_o she_o be_v make_v executor_n during_o the_o coverture_n as_o there_o be_v in_o case_n of_o a_o descent_n of_o her_o land_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o a_o disseasor_n for_o when_o there_o be_v upon_o she_o such_o a_o state_n of_o election_n she_o marry_v before_o her_o resolution_n or_o determination_n do_v upon_o the_o matter_n deliver_v it_o into_o the_o husband_n hand_n not_o so_o where_o it_o first_o find_v and_o fall_v upon_o she_o in_o the_o state_n of_o coverture_n if_o the_o husband_n be_v indebt_v to_o the_o testator_n this_o make_n of_o the_o wife_n executor_n be_v as_o i_o take_v it_o a_o release_n in_o law_n as_o well_o as_o if_o she_o be_v the_o debtor_n but_o if_o after_o the_o testator_n death_n she_o do_v marry_v such_o a_o debtor_n it_o be_v a_o devastation_n the_o three_o point_n touch_v the_o administration_n or_o execution_n of_o the_o office_n of_o executor_n by_o a_o femme_fw-fr covert_n and_o her_o husband_n we_o will_v now_o come_v to_o admit_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o will_v assume_v by_o concurrent_a consent_n of_o husband_n
from_o the_o attainder_n and_o punishment_n incident_a to_o a_o felon_n regular_o it_o be_v thus_o but_o non_fw-la est_fw-la regula_fw-la quin_fw-la fall_v it_o one_o of_o much_o less_o year_n have_v attain_v ripeness_n of_o discretion_n and_o discern_a shall_v incur_v the_o like_a attainder_n as_o one_o of_o full_a age_n as_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o 6._o touch_v a_o infant_n but_o of_o the_o age_n of_o nine_o year_n who_o have_v kill_v another_o boy_n of_o like_a age_n with_o his_o knife_n and_o then_o hide_v the_o slay_a boy_n and_o excuse_v the_o blood_n find_v upon_o he_o by_o say_v that_o his_o nose_n have_v bleed_v it_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o judge_n that_o he_o be_v to_o be_v hang_v as_o a_o felon_n his_o such_o nonage_n notwithstanding_o the_o other_o point_n touch_v which_o this_o age_n of_o fourteen_o year_n be_v especial_o material_a be_v touch_v a_o heir_n of_o land_n hold_v by_o socage_n for_o in_o case_n such_o heir_n be_v under_o that_o age_n he_o be_v to_o be_v in_o ward_n to_o the_o next_o kin_n but_o if_o he_o be_v of_o that_o age_n he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v in_o ward_n at_o all_o for_o that_o the_o law_n judge_v he_o to_o be_v of_o discretion_n at_o those_o year_n and_o therefore_o a_o guardian_n in_o socage_n be_v in_o effect_n but_o a_o bailiff_n accountable_a he_o have_v no_o need_n of_o such_o a_o one_o other_o than_o such_o as_o himself_o shall_v choose_v the_o three_o age_n in_o and_o touch_v male_n material_a be_v fifteen_o year_n for_o every_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n or_o one_o have_v freeholder_n in_o socage_n or_o by_o knight_n service_n when_o his_o elder_a son_n come_v to_o that_o age_n viz._n fifteen_o year_n be_v to_o have_v of_o they_o aid_n for_o the_o make_n of_o he_o a_o knight_n towards_o which_o every_o one_o hold_v by_o a_o whole_a knight_n fee_n be_v to_o pay_v twenty_o shilling_n and_o so_o ratable_o for_o more_o more_o and_o less_o less_o and_o each_o hold_n twenty_o pound_n land_n in_o socage_n be_v to_o pay_v the_o like_a sum_n and_o so_o ratable_o for_o more_o or_o less_o the_o four_o age_n of_o male_n be_v the_o full_a age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n which_o make_v he_o free_a from_o wardship_n have_v land_n hold_v by_o knight-service_n descend_v unto_o he_o and_o also_o make_v he_o able_a to_o alien_a land_n or_o good_n make_v firm_a his_o bond_n statute_n recognizance_n etc._n etc._n for_o although_o at_o fourteen_o the_o law_n judge_v he_o of_o discretion_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o hold_v he_o full_o ripe_a till_o one_o and_o twenty_o the_o last_o age_n of_o male_n respect_v by_o the_o law_n be_v seventy_o year_n oblitum_fw-la at_o which_o time_n sheriff_n be_v to_o forbear_v to_o impanell_n they_o in_o juries_n 1._o and_o in_o case_n they_o do_v not_o such_o old_a man_n may_v have_v a_o write_v to_o the_o sheriff_n ground_v upon_o the_o statute_n for_o that_o purpose_n make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o â—_o command_v such_o sheriff_n to_o forbear_v the_o impanel_a of_o he_o and_o he_o may_v have_v a_o action_n to_o recover_v damage_n upon_o that_o statute_n this_o be_v call_v by_o most_o a_o writ_n of_o dotage_n a_o word_n perhaps_o ancient_o take_v in_o a_o good_a and_o favourable_a sense_n pro_n dote_v etatis_fw-la viz._n a_o gift_n privilege_n or_o exemption_n allow_v to_o age_n in_o favour_n thereof_o and_o as_o a_o benefit_n have_v thus_o by_o way_n of_o ingredient_n or_o introduction_n take_v view_n of_o these_o several_a age_n let_v we_o now_o see_v wherein_o and_o how_o age_n be_v material_a touch_v they_o who_o be_v to_o make_v or_o to_o be_v make_v executor_n and_o what_o age_n require_v thereabouts_o master_n perkins_n say_v 97._o that_o one_o of_o four_o year_n old_a may_v make_v a_o will_n and_o consequent_o executor_n and_o his_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o executor_n be_v to_o account_v before_o the_o ordinary_a do_n it_o can_v be_v intend_v but_o that_o the_o good_n shall_v be_v distribute_v for_o the_o good_a of_o his_o soul_n he_o speak_v as_o if_o he_o only_o make_v a_o executor_n by_o his_o will_n but_o do_v not_o bequeath_v any_o thing_n but_o leave_v all_o to_o the_o executor_n conscience_n and_o discretion_n which_o be_v not_o usual_a though_o fesible_a as_o before_o i_o have_v show_v or_o say_v at_o least_o but_o admit_v it_o be_v so_o and_o no_o bequest_n at_o all_o contain_v in_o the_o will_n yet_o since_o at_o that_o age_n a_o infant_n have_v no_o discretion_n to_o elect_v a_o fit_a person_n to_o distribute_v his_o good_n money_n and_o other_o thing_n no_o nor_o to_o make_v continuation_n of_o a_o executorship_n to_o another_o to_o who_o perhaps_o the_o infant_n be_v executor_n i_o can_v see_v that_o his_o will_n shall_v be_v of_o any_o force_n but_o if_o he_o be_v of_o the_o age_n of_o 14._o year_n be_v the_o age_n of_o discretion_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o law_n than_o i_o shall_v hold_v he_o able_a to_o make_v a_o will_n although_o yet_o he_o be_v a_o infant_n till_o twenty_o one_o year_n and_o can_v make_v no_o gift_n of_o land_n nor_o good_n which_o shall_v be_v of_o force_n and_o babington_n chief_a justice_n 6._o to_o other_o purpose_n make_v like_o distinction_n between_o a_o infant_n of_o such_o tender_a year_n and_o one_o come_v to_o the_o year_n of_o discretion_n so_o also_o as_o before_o we_o show_v be_v it_o in_o the_o case_n of_o felony_n and_o that_o way_n also_o sound_v that_o which_o hanck_n 22._o say_v in_o henry_n the_o four_o his_o time_n viz._n that_o a_o infant_n of_o 18._o year_n old_a may_v be_v a_o disseisor_n as_o imply_v that_o his_o year_n may_v be_v so_o tender_a 44._o that_o as_o candish_n say_v of_o a_o infant_n in_o edward_n the_o three_o his_o time_n he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v intend_v able_a to_o know_v or_o discern_v between_o good_a and_o evil_a i_o think_v therefore_o he_o shall_v be_v at_o the_o least_o of_o the_o age_n of_o discretion_n viz._n 14._o year_n who_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o make_v a_o will_n and_o consequent_o a_o executor_n and_o the_o custom_n for_o a_o infant_n of_o 15._o year_n old_a to_o bequeath_v by_o will_n have_v as_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v 5._o affinity_n with_o this_o opinion_n though_o there_o the_o case_n be_v of_o land_n in_o a_o borough_n devisable_v by_o custom_n 6._o and_o that_o way_n reflect_v the_o case_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o infant_n under_o 15._o year_n of_o age_n shall_v not_o wage_v his_o law_n viz._n take_v a_o oath_n to_o acquit_v himself_o of_o a_o debt_n or_o excuse_v his_o default_n in_o a_o action_n real_a and_o further_a reason_n of_o this_o opinion_n will_v arise_v out_o of_o the_o consideration_n of_o a_o infant_n make_v a_o executor_n now_o touch_v a_o infant_n make_v executor_n how_o young_a soever_o he_o be_v the_o make_n of_o he_o so_o be_v not_o void_a but_o yet_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o will_n which_o be_v the_o performance_n of_o the_o office_n of_o executor_n shall_v not_o be_v commit_v to_o he_o till_o he_o come_v to_o the_o age_n of_o 17._o year_n by_o the_o law_n spiritual_a and_o till_o then_o for_o that_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o do_v the_o part_n of_o a_o executor_n administration_n be_v to_o be_v commit_v to_o some_o other_o yet_o if_o it_o be_v a_o woman_n infant_n who_o be_v so_o make_v executrix_fw-la p._n in_o case_n she_o be_v marry_v to_o a_o man_n of_o 17_o year_n old_a or_o more_o now_o be_v it_o as_o if_o she_o be_v of_o that_o age_n and_o her_o husband_n shall_v have_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o will_n and_o if_o administration_n be_v before_o commit_v during_o the_o minority_n of_o the_o woman_n eliz._n it_o shall_v now_o cease_v as_o be_v say_v in_o prince_n case_n yet_o i_o do_v a_o little_a marvel_n at_o these_o opinion_n consider_v that_o these_o thing_n be_v manage_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n and_o by_o that_o law_n and_o it_o intermedle_n not_o with_o the_o husband_n in_o the_o wife_n case_n now_o by_o that_o law_n and_o not_o our_o common_a law_n come_v in_o this_o limit_n of_o 17._o year_n and_o i_o have_v see_v it_o otherwise_o report_v in_o and_o touch_v this_o last_o point_n further_n touch_v infant_n executor_n and_o under_o that_o age_n of_o 17._o year_n this_o be_v to_o be_v note_v viz._n that_o such_o a_o one_o be_v not_o able_a as_o a_o executor_n to_o assent_v to_o a_o legacy_n 29._o so_o as_o it_o may_v by_o virtue_n thereof_o settle_v in_o the_o legatee_n also_o if_o administration_n be_v during_o such_o minority_n commit_v with_o special_a word_n of_o restraint_n or_o limitation_n viz._n
that_o it_o be_v do_v to_o the_o use_n or_o profit_n of_o the_o infant_n executor_n than_o no_o sale_n of_o lease_n or_o good_n or_o assent_n to_o legacy_n by_o such_o administrator_n will_v bind_v or_o prejudice_v the_o infant_n executor_n but_o otherwise_o perhaps_o if_o the_o administration_n during_o the_o minority_n be_v commit_v general_o 671._o and_o if_o the_o testator_n himself_o make_v a_o infant_n executor_n do_v also_o appoint_v another_o to_o be_v his_o executor_n during_o his_o nonage_n express_v it_o to_o be_v only_o for_o the_o benefit_n and_o behoof_n of_o the_o infant_n executor_n i_o doubt_v whether_o this_o temporary_a executor_n stand_v any_o whit_n restrain_v from_o what_o pertain_v to_o the_o power_n of_o a_o absolute_a executor_n for_o there_o may_v be_v perhaps_o difference_n between_o he_o to_o who_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o good_n commit_v the_o government_n of_o they_o though_o but_o for_o a_o time_n and_o in_o special_a manner_n and_o a_o administrator_n so_o special_o make_v by_o the_o ordinary_a another_o be_v present_o by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o owner_n or_o testator_n to_o have_v the_o administration_n in_o who_o for_o a_o time_n legal_a defect_n be_v find_v but_o now_o let_v we_o pass_v over_o this_o age_n of_o 17._o and_o consider_v of_o the_o infant_n between_o that_o time_n of_o his_o be_v admit_v to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o executorship_n and_o his_o accomplishment_n of_o his_o full_a age_n of_o 21._o first_o then_o suppose_v that_o he_o do_v release_v a_o debt_n due_a to_o his_o testator_n whether_o shall_v this_o be_v good_a to_o bind_v he_o and_o to_o discharge_v the_o debtor_n aswell_o as_o if_o the_o executor_n have_v be_v of_o full_a age_n he_o now_o have_v prove_v the_o will_n and_o be_v by_o the_o law_n spiritual_a approve_v a_o able_a executor_n and_o this_o point_n come_v in_o question_n in_o russell_n case_n eliz._n in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n consideration_n be_v have_v both_o of_o divers_a good_a reason_n for_o enable_v of_o this_o release_n as_o that_o a_o executor_n represent_v the_o person_n of_o his_o testator_n and_o in_o his_o right_n and_o power_n do_v these_o act_n and_o not_o in_o his_o own_o and_o therefore_o his_o infancy_n which_o be_v a_o state_n or_o condition_n of_o his_o own_o natural_a person_n shall_v no_o more_o disable_v he_o then_o it_o do_v the_o king_n 45._o a_o mayor_n or_o other_o head_n of_o a_o corporation_n 24._o also_o divers_a book_n be_v find_v to_o run_v that_o way_n as_o well_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o infant_n as_o of_o a_o femme_fw-fr covert_n but_o upon_o great_a deliberation_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o upon_o conference_n have_v with_o the_o lord_n anderson_n manwood_n and_o other_o justice_n it_o be_v resolve_v and_o adjudge_v that_o the_o release_n of_o a_o infant_n executor_n without_o payment_n of_o the_o debt_n or_o duty_n will_v not_o bind_v or_o bar_v he_o 27._o first_o for_o that_o if_o it_o shall_v it_o will_v be_v a_o waste_a or_o deva_v of_o the_o good_n of_o his_o testator_n and_o so_o will_v charge_v his_o own_o good_n second_o it_o will_v be_v a_o wrong_n which_o a_o infant_n can_v not_o do_v by_o his_o release_n three_o it_o be_v no_o pursuit_n nor_o performance_n of_o the_o office_n or_o duty_n of_o a_o executor_n but_o the_o contrary_a and_o upon_o this_o judgement_n a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n where_o it_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o that_o the_o release_n be_v not_o effectual_a nor_o bind_v so_o as_o this_o point_n now_o have_v the_o resolution_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n but_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o if_o payment_n or_o satisfaction_n have_v be_v make_v than_o the_o infant_n executor_n may_v have_v make_v a_o good_a acquittance_n and_o discharge_v &_o indeed_o payment_n itself_o if_o prove_v bring_v discharge_n enough_o except_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o single_a bill_n note_v that_o the_o principal_a case_n adjudge_v be_v not_o of_o a_o release_n of_o any_o debt_n or_o duty_n by_o specialty_n but_o of_o trespass_n in_o conversion_n of_o good_n find_v or_o take_v in_o the_o testator_n life_n time_n but_o poâ—ito_n that_o this_o infant_n have_v assent_v to_o a_o legacy_n whether_o will_v this_o bind_v he_o or_o not_o for_o in_o the_o say_a case_n of_o russell_n it_o be_v say_v that_o all_o thing_n which_o a_o infant_n do_v according_a to_o the_o office_n and_o duty_n of_o a_o executor_n will_v stand_v firm_a now_o it_o be_v part_n of_o his_o office_n to_o pay_v and_o execute_v legacy_n yet_o since_o this_o act_n amount_v to_o a_o vastation_n or_o waste_v of_o the_o testator_n good_n aswell_o as_o the_o other_o in_o case_n there_o remain_v not_o good_n sufficient_v for_o payment_n of_o the_o debt_n and_o consequent_o here_o aswell_o as_o in_o the_o other_o case_n the_o infant_n own_o good_n will_v become_v liable_a to_o his_o testator_n debt_n i_o doubt_v and_o incline_v that_o it_o be_v not_o nor_o can_v stand_v effectual_a for_o except_v in_o the_o other_o we_o admit_v a_o want_n or_o possibility_n of_o want_n of_o asset_n or_o good_n the_o release_n can_v neither_o hurt_v the_o infant_n himself_o nor_o do_v wrong_a to_o any_o other_o and_o that_o admit_v this_o case_n be_v of_o like_a prejudice_n yet_o if_o this_o asset_fw-ge shall_v be_v void_a so_o also_o will_v be_v his_o payment_n of_o legacy_n and_o how_o then_o be_v he_o a_o able_a executor_n at_o the_o age_n of_o 17._o yes_n to_o sue_v and_o to_o be_v sue_v for_o debt_n and_o legacy_n and_o if_o upon_o suit_n it_o can_v be_v show_v that_o debt_n will_v take_v up_o all_o or_o disable_v the_o payment_n then_o happy_o he_o may_v be_v force_v to_o pay_v quaere_fw-la notwithstanding_o whether_o these_o act_n though_o voluntary_o stand_v not_o good_a upon_o bene_fw-la esse_fw-la or_o conditional_o viz._n if_o there_o be_v beside_o good_n sufficient_a etc._n etc._n or_o that_o else_o the_o nonaged_a executor_n may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o account_n for_o the_o money_n by_o he_o pay_v to_o the_o legatee_n and_o also_o avoid_v his_o assent_n where_o that_o only_a needful_a but_o doubtless_o neither_o the_o assent_n of_o such_o executor_n before_o his_o age_n of_o 17._o nor_o any_o payment_n of_o a_o debt_n to_o he_o can_v be_v good_a although_o such_o act_n to_o or_o by_o another_o executor_n before_o the_o prove_v of_o the_o will_n will_v stand_v firm_a and_o good_a for_o this_o infant_n want_v not_o only_o prove_v but_o also_o ability_n to_o prove_v his_o testator_n will_v yea_o the_o will_n stand_v suspend_v and_o the_o testator_n as_o it_o be_v intestate_a whilst_o the_o administration_n stand_v in_o force_n so_o as_o during_o that_o time_n nothing_o can_v be_v do_v by_o any_o as_o executor_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v great_a difference_n between_o the_o case_n what_o if_o payment_n of_o a_o legacy_n be_v make_v to_o a_o infant_n can_v he_o make_v a_o sufficient_a acquittance_n this_o i_o confess_v be_v beside_o the_o point_n in_o hand_n yet_o because_o it_o concern_v infant_n and_o executor_n though_o not_o infant_n executor_n it_o be_v not_o amiss_o here_o to_o cast_v some_o thought_n and_o word_n upon_o the_o point_n for_o that_o it_o many_o time_n perplex_v both_o executor_n and_o legatee_n first_o therefore_o in_o case_n the_o executor_n be_v of_o the_o year_n of_o discretion_n viz._n 14._o i_o hold_v it_o clear_a that_o any_o payment_n to_o he_o make_v will_v stand_v good_a for_o that_o the_o law_n at_o that_o age_n hold_v he_o able_a to_o govern_v and_o manage_v his_o own_o land_n hold_v in_o socage_n and_o consequent_o to_o receive_v the_o rent_n thereof_o wherefore_o whether_o he_o who_o make_v such_o payment_n have_v any_o acquittance_n or_o not_o if_o he_o have_v proof_n of_o the_o payment_n he_o be_v well_o enough_o acquit_v from_o any_o second_o payment_n and_o if_o without_o payment_n he_o get_v a_o acquittance_n it_o will_v not_o suffice_v the_o infancy_n of_o he_o who_o make_v the_o acquittance_n consider_v beside_o if_o the_o acquittance_n be_v as_o most_o usual_o they_o be_v acquittance_n but_o sign_v only_o with_o the_o name_n of_o the_o maker_n and_o not_o seal_v it_o be_v only_o a_o evidence_n or_o proof_n of_o payment_n and_o no_o pledable_a acquittance_n because_o no_o deed_n so_o as_o it_o nothing_o differ_v from_o proof_n by_o witness_n save_v that_o it_o be_v not_o mortal_a as_o they_o but_o now_o if_o the_o infant_n be_v under_o the_o year_n of_o discretion_n what_o shall_v we_o say_v to_o a_o payment_n to_o he_o special_o if_o he_o be_v but_o three_o or_o four_o year_n old_a or_o thereabout_a here_o i_o think_v caution_n be_v to_o be_v use_v by_o the_o executor_n general_o and_o the_o sure_a way_n be_v if_o he_o fear_v to_o
keep_v it_o in_o any_o respect_n to_o pay_v it_o into_o the_o court_n where_o it_o be_v recoverable_a viz._n where_o the_o will_n be_v prove_v yet_o the_o case_n so_o may_v be_v as_o that_o this_o payment_n may_v not_o be_v at_o all_o safe_a for_o the_o executor_n as_o put_v the_o case_n that_o he_o enter_v into_o bond_n or_o statute_n to_o pay_v all_o legacy_n by_o such_o a_o day_n to_o the_o several_a legatee_n here_o i_o think_v the_o payment_n into_o the_o court_n spiritual_a suffice_v not_o quaeâ—â—_n for_o that_o must_v make_v the_o receipt_n to_o be_v with_o some_o charge_n which_o be_v in_o some_o kind_n a_o abatement_n there_o i_o think_v therefore_o legal_o to_o secure_v the_o executor_n the_o payment_n must_v be_v to_o or_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o guardian_n because_o of_o noriture_n viz._n he_o or_o she_o who_o have_v though_o not_o as_o guardian_n in_o respect_n of_o land_n the_o custody_n or_o education_n of_o the_o infant_n for_o otherwise_o to_o pay_v it_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o such_o a_o tender_a infant_n separate_v from_o any_o governor_n or_o guardian_n be_v to_o expose_v it_o to_o loss_n both_o for_o that_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o count_v the_o sum_n and_o for_o that_o he_o yet_o not_o be_v come_v to_o discern_a year_n be_v like_a with_o esop_n cock_n to_o part_v with_o pearl_n or_o coin_n for_o plume_n and_o trifle_n of_o no_o value_n but_o in_o case_n no_o bond_n nor_o other_o collateral_a penalty_n lie_v upon_o the_o executor_n or_o in_o case_n the_o bond_n or_o statute_n be_v only_o to_o perform_v the_o will_n general_o which_o nothing_o alter_v the_o course_n of_o payment_n which_o by_o the_o will_v the_o law_n lay_v upon_o executor_n then_o be_v not_o the_o executor_n put_v to_o any_o such_o payment_n nor_o need_v pay_v without_o demand_n and_o acquittance_n as_o in_o case_n of_o payment_n upon_o a_o single_a bill_n or_o of_o a_o rend_v seek_v where_o no_o distress_n can_v be_v take_v nor_o other_o penalty_n incur_v yet_o in_o that_o case_n if_o demand_v be_v and_o acquittance_n ready_a to_o be_v give_v let_v the_o executor_n take_v heed_n in_o case_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o performance_n that_o he_o stand_v not_o upon_o the_o invalidity_n of_o the_o acquittance_n in_o respect_n of_o nonage_n for_o as_o i_o have_v say_v proof_n by_o witness_n may_v supply_v a_o nullity_n of_o acquittance_n and_o much_o more_o the_o weakness_n or_o imbecility_n payment_n according_a to_o the_o testator_n appointment_n be_v the_o matter_n with_o ch_n acquit_v the_o payer_n and_o this_o the_o executor_n may_v have_v testify_v under_o the_o hand_n of_o divers_a witness_n express_v circumstance_n so_o as_o all_o die_a may_v continue_v safe_o from_o second_o payment_n as_o well_o as_o a_o acquittance_n the_o witness_n whereunto_o be_v subject_a to_o mortality_n as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o but_o herein_o court_v of_o equity_n do_v often_o interpose_v helpful_o for_o they_o who_o seek_v not_o evasion_n from_o payment_n but_o only_a security_n in_o pay_v and_o of_o infant_n executor_n and_o by_o occasion_n thereof_o of_o infancy_n in_o legatoree_n or_o legatee_n thus_o much_o of_o legacy_n although_o these_o be_v not_o recoverable_a at_o and_o by_o the_o common_a law_n but_o most_o natural_o at_o and_o by_o the_o law_n ecclesiastical_a yet_o by_o suit_n in_o court_n of_o equity_n as_o the_o chancery_n and_o court_n of_o request_n they_o be_v often_o obtain_v and_o of_o many_o thing_n touch_v they_o the_o common_a law_n take_v notice_n and_o have_v manifold_a occasion_n so_o to_o do_v we_o will_v therefore_o consider_v thereabouts_o these_o part_n or_o point_n some_z whereof_o have_v be_v in_o part_n before_o touch_v upon_o other_o occasion_n whether_o any_o legacy_n in_o certain_a &_o lie_v in_o prender_n may_v be_v take_v or_o have_v without_o the_o executor_n assent_v by_o the_o legatee_n or_o he_o to_o who_o it_o be_v be_v queathe_v when_o a_o executor_n can_v or_o safe_o may_v pay_v deliver_v or_o assent_v to_o a_o legacy_n whether_o one_o executor_n alone_o may_v do_v it_o and_o what_o if_o the_o executor_n be_v a_o infant_n or_o woman_n covert_n what_o shall_v amount_v to_o a_o assent_n of_o the_o executor_n and_o what_o to_o a_o disassent_v or_o disablement_n of_o assent_n how_o a_o lease_n or_o chattel_n real_a may_v be_v give_v to_o one_o for_o a_o time_n with_o remainder_n to_o another_o how_o not_o where_o a_o assent_n to_o the_o first_o or_o one_o part_n of_o the_o bequest_n shall_v imply_v or_o amount_v to_o a_o assent_n for_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o assent_n and_o therein_o of_o assent_n conditional_a what_o manner_n of_o interest_n he_o in_o the_o remainder_n of_o a_o lease_n after_o the_o death_n of_o another_o have_v during_o the_o life_n of_o that_o other_o and_o whether_o he_o may_v dispose_v of_o it_o during_o that_o time_n and_o how_o whether_o this_o remainder_n can_v be_v defeat_v by_o any_o act_n of_o the_o devisee_fw-mi for_o life_n or_o by_o the_o death_n of_o he_o in_o remainder_n first_o by_o what_o act_n or_o accident_n a_o legacy_n may_v be_v forfeit_v or_o lose_v and_o therein_o of_o revocation_n death_n before_o etc._n etc._n whether_o the_o executor_n assent_n shall_v have_v relation_n to_o the_o testator_n death_n and_o shall_v make_v good_a a_o grant_v before_o make_v by_o the_o legatee_n 30._o as_o for_o the_o first_o we_o have_v before_o show_v the_o assent_n of_o the_o executor_n to_o be_v necessary_a before_o any_o legacy_n can_v be_v have_v for_o that_o debt_n be_v first_o to_o be_v pay_v and_o that_o the_o executor_n be_v to_o look_v to_o at_o his_o peril_n but_o hereto_o add_v a_o little_a out_o of_o m._n swinborne_n a_o learned_a civilian_n who_o say_v that_o in_o case_n any_o good_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n or_o custody_n of_o j._n s._n and_o the_o owner_n do_v bequeath_v they_o to_o he_o then_o may_v he_o keep_v or_o retain_v they_o against_o the_o will_n of_o the_o executor_n so_o as_o there_o be_v other_o sufficient_a good_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o executor_n for_o payment_n of_o all_o debt_n but_o though_o thus_o as_o it_o seem_v will_v it_o stand_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n yet_o for_o that_o no_o property_n be_v transfer_v to_o the_o legatee_n without_o the_o executor_n assent_n therefore_o doubtless_o the_o executor_n may_v at_o the_o common_a law_n recover_v the_o thing_n withhold_v or_o damage_n to_o the_o value_n against_o the_o legatee_n detain_v it_o another_o case_n there_o be_v wherein_o as_o the_o learned_a civilian_n say_v the_o legatee_n may_v take_v the_o thing_n to_o he_o bequeath_v lie_v in_o prender_n viz._n horse_n other_o beast_n or_o piece_n of_o plate_n or_o other_o like_a thing_n know_v and_o in_o be_v and_o that_o be_v where_o the_o testator_n do_v express_o so_o appoint_v by_o his_o will_n but_o herein_o doubtless_o the_o common_a law_n at_o and_o by_o the_o which_o debt_n be_v recoverable_a against_o executor_n will_v oppose_v the_o law_n spiritual_a for_o else_o by_o such_o appointment_n the_o testator_n may_v cause_v that_o all_o his_o good_n shall_v be_v take_v by_o legatee_n and_o that_o none_o shall_v remain_v to_o pay_v debt_n yet_o if_o there_o be_v other_o good_n beside_o sufficient_a for_o payment_n of_o debt_n than_o indeed_o i_o see_v not_o how_o the_o executor_n can_v hinder_v such_o take_n without_o violate_v his_o oath_n take_v for_o performance_n of_o the_o will_n if_o any_o say_v that_o it_o be_v also_o a_o breach_n of_o oath_n in_o the_o other_o case_n i_o say_v he_o observe_v not_o that_o there_o that_o clause_n in_o the_o will_n be_v against_o the_o law_n be_v void_a and_o consequent_o there_o be_v a_o nullity_n upon_o it_o and_o it_o be_v as_o if_o no_o such_o thing_n be_v in_o the_o will_n and_o so_o the_o oath_n extend_v not_o to_o it_o and_o as_o a_o chattel_n shall_v not_o be_v transfer_v to_o a_o stranger_n without_o the_o executor_n assent_n so_o if_o the_o devisee_fw-mi be_v to_o the_o executor_n himself_o till_o he_o elect_v to_o take_v as_o legatee_n it_o shall_v be_v in_o he_o as_o executor_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o strain_n and_o argument_n of_o two_o case_n in_o plough_v comment_fw-fr and_o more_o late_o in_o the_o king_n bench_n the_o point_n be_v divers_a day_n argue_v be_v at_o last_o so_o resolve_v by_o three_o judge_n against_o one_o elkington_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o coke_n at_o the_o bar_n be_v very_o good_a yardley_n for_o here_o the_o executor_n sustain_v two_o person_n viz._n a_o executor_n and_o legatee_n and_o so_o all_o one_o case_n as_o where_o the_o bequest_n be_v to_o another_o for_o quando_fw-la duo_fw-la jura_fw-la concurrunt_fw-la inuna_fw-la persona_fw-la eliz._n aequunt_fw-la est_fw-la ac_fw-la si_fw-la essent_fw-la in_o diversis_fw-la agree_v as_o for_o
nothing_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o a._n shall_v not_o have_v iâ—_n for_o their_o life_n but_o for_o his_o own_o only_a this_o case_n be_v say_v to_o come_v very_o close_o in_o reason_n to_o the_o case_n in_o question_n for_o as_o here_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o lease_n be_v that_o b._n and_o c._n shall_v be_v estate_v for_o their_o life_n and_o since_o that_o can_v not_o be_v therefore_o the_o name_n of_o they_o shall_v be_v utter_o void_a and_o as_o if_o they_o have_v not_o at_o all_o be_v name_v and_o their_o life_n shall_v not_o stand_v as_o a_o measure_n for_o the_o estate_n of_o a._n so_o in_o other_o case_v the_o intent_n of_o the_o will_n be_v that_o the_o lease_n or_o land_n lease_v shall_v go_v to_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o body_n first_o of_o alexander_n and_o after_o of_o raulphe_n since_o this_o can_v be_v therefore_o the_o word_n and_o name_n of_o heir_n male_n shall_v stand_v for_o a_o mere_a blank_n and_o cipher_n and_o not_o to_o measure_v out_o any_o state_n to_o the_o say_v alex._n and_o ra._n and_o their_o executor_n and_o assign_v also_o it_o be_v say_v on_o the_o defendant_n part_n that_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o law_n be_v of_o so_o short_a and_o uncertain_a continuance_n that_o if_o a._n make_v a_o lease_n to_o b._n for_o his_o life_n and_o after_o make_v a_o lease_n of_o the_o same_o land_n to_o c._n for_o year_n now_o shall_v not_o this_o latter_a lease_n be_v void_a absolute_o for_o any_o part_n of_o the_o term_n but_o shall_v stand_v in_o expectance_n of_o the_o death_n of_o b._n and_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o die_v shall_v take_v effect_n immediate_o whereas_o if_o the_o lease_n to_o b._n have_v be_v for_o ten_o year_n or_o any_o like_a term_n than_o the_o lease_n to_o c._n shall_v have_v be_v void_a for_o so_o many_o year_n of_o his_o term_n thus_o it_o appear_v that_o a_o state_n for_o life_n be_v very_o momentary_a in_o the_o judgement_n of_o law_n and_o not_o repute_v of_o any_o certain_a continuance_n so_o much_o as_o for_o a_o day_n but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o of_o a_o estate_n tail_n so_o as_o if_o a._n have_v give_v land_n to_o b._n in_o tail_n do_v after_o without_o indenture_n which_o make_v a_o estoppell_n make_v a_o lease_n to_o c._n for_o xxj_o year_n and_o then_o b._n die_v without_o issue_n during_o the_o term_n yet_o shall_v not_o the_o lease_n take_v effect_n because_o it_o be_v utter_o void_a at_o the_o first_o make_v for_o a_o estate_n tail_n be_v a_o state_n of_o inheritance_n may_v in_o the_o intendment_n and_o judgement_n of_o law_n have_v continuance_n for_o ever_o as_o appear_v both_o by_o the_o case_n of_o adam_n and_o lambert_n where_o it_o be_v hold_v within_o the_o statute_n of_o chauntery_n which_o speak_v of_o gift_n to_o have_v continuance_n for_o ever_o therefore_o a_o reversion_n upon_o a_o estate_n tail_n be_v no_o asset_n nor_o give_v cause_n of_o receipt_n otherwise_o in_o all_o these_o case_n it_o be_v touch_v a_o reversion_n expectant_a upon_o a_o state_n for_o life_n again_o it_o be_v say_v by_o the_o defendant_n council_n that_o a_o estate_n may_v be_v limit_v to_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n during_o the_o life_n of_o b._n with_o remainder_n to_o c._n as_o in_o chudlies_n case_n be_v resolve_v but_o if_o land_n be_v give_v to_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n so_o long_o as_o b._n shall_v have_v heir_n of_o his_o body_n or_o heir_n male_n with_o remainder_n over_o to_o c._n this_o remainder_n be_v utter_o void_a so_o as_o there_o be_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o law_n a_o great_a difference_n between_o the_o largeness_n and_o continuance_n of_o a_o estate_n tail_n and_o of_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n and_o if_o which_o be_v worth_a the_o observe_n a_o feâ—_n simple_a can_v afford_v a_o remainder_n to_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o it_o after_o such_o a_o gift_n to_o one_o and_o his_o heir_n during_o the_o continuance_n of_o a_o estate_n tail_n or_o of_o the_o measure_n thereof_o much_o less_o can_v a_o term_n yield_v such_o large_a thong_n to_o be_v cut_v out_o of_o it_o as_o a_o remainder_n after_o a_o estate_n to_o one_o so_o long_o as_o he_o shall_v have_v heir_n of_o his_o body_n or_o heir_n male_n which_o be_v all_o one_o and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o remainder_n be_v hold_v void_a by_o baldwin_n 7._o and_o shelley_n though_o engl_n field_n be_v of_o contrary_a opinion_n as_o the_o lord_n dyer_n show_v further_o it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o such_o a_o conveyance_n by_o will_n shall_v stand_v good_a it_o will_v raise_v a_o perpetuity_n not_o to_o be_v cut_v off_o by_o any_o recovery_n but_o whereas_o the_o case_n of_o hammon_n have_v be_v relate_v before_o so_o by_o way_n of_o admittance_n it_o be_v argue_v as_o a_o gift_n and_o bequest_n to_o al._n ham._n and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n with_o remainder_n in_o like_a manner_n to_o ralph_n the_o truth_n of_o the_o case_n be_v that_o the_o word_n of_o the_o will_n be_v only_o to_o alexander_n and_o his_o heir_n male_n not_o speak_v of_o his_o body_n and_o so_o to_o ralph_n which_o as_o be_v urge_v by_o the_o defendant_n counsel_n make_v the_o case_n strong_a against_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o admit_v that_o the_o former_a way_n alexander_n shall_v have_v have_v but_o a_o state_n determinable_a upon_o the_o continuance_n of_o his_o issue_n males_n yet_o here_o not_o so_o since_o the_o reason_n why_o in_o willes_n such_o a_o devise_n be_v make_v the_o law_n shall_v supply_v the_o word_n of_o the_o body_n be_v only_o to_o make_v a_o estate_n tail_n to_o the_o issue_v male_a according_a to_o the_o testator_n intent_n now_o in_o this_o case_n of_o a_o term_n for_o year_n so_o bequeath_v no_o estate_n tail_n can_v possible_o be_v though_o these_o word_n have_v be_v in_o the_o will_n and_o therefore_o the_o motive_n to_o the_o law_n fail_v no_o such_o supply_n will_v be_v make_v by_o the_o law_n since_o it_o will_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n consequent_o here_o be_v neither_o state_n tail_n nor_o issue_n or_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o body_n on_o who_o continuance_n this_o state_n of_o alex._n shall_v be_v determinable_a therefore_o it_o be_v a_o absolute_a and_o total_a bequest_n of_o the_o term_n to_o alexander_n for_o ever_o viz._n so_o long_o as_o the_o term_n shall_v continue_v for_o as_o a_o bequest_n to_o one_o for_o ever_o be_v asmuch_o as_o a_o bequest_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n so_o a_o bequest_n to_o one_o and_o his_o heir_n be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v to_o he_o for_o ever_o and_o this_o case_n after_o six_o argument_n on_o each_o side_n at_o the_o bar_n if_o i_o much_o mistake_v not_o be_v upon_o argument_n by_o the_o baron_n adjudge_v for_o the_o defendant_n by_o the_o lord_n chief_a baron_n tanfeild_n and_o m_o r._n baron_n bromley_n m_o r._n baron_n denham_n who_o only_o hear_v as_o i_o take_v it_o one_o argument_n on_o each_o side_n make_v of_o purpose_n in_o respect_n of_o his_o come_n into_o his_o place_n after_o the_o former_a argument_n be_v of_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n and_o the_o judgement_n proceed_v upon_o the_o point_n former_o touch_v that_o as_o this_o case_n be_v the_o state_n of_o alexander_n do_v not_o end_v by_o his_o death_n and_o remain_v to_o the_o executor_n of_o ralph_n other_o point_n be_v stir_v which_o will_v be_v touch_v upon_o other_o division_n after_o in_o this_o chapter_n it_o will_v be_v observe_v that_o i_o do_v more_o full_o express_v reason_n and_o point_v enforce_v on_o the_o defendant_n part_n then_o on_o the_o plaintiff_n whereof_o let_v these_o two_o reason_n be_v accept_v first_o that_o i_o better_a can_v relate_v that_o then_o the_o other_o be_v the_o first_o who_o argue_v for_o the_o defendant_n and_o hear_v little_a of_o that_o which_o be_v by_o other_o say_v on_o either_o side_n after_o nor_o hear_v the_o court_n nec_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la conductus_fw-la nec_fw-la pedibus_fw-la fortis_fw-la second_o the_o labour_n do_v lie_v on_o the_o defendant_n part_v to_o prove_v that_o this_o case_n differ_v from_o the_o common_a case_n of_o devise_n to_o one_o for_o life_n with_o remainder_n to_o another_o we_o be_v now_o come_v to_o the_o six_o point_n viz._n that_o where_o house_n or_o land_n hold_v by_o lease_n or_o the_o profit_n thereof_o or_o the_o lease_n or_o term_v itself_o which_o in_o a_o will_n make_v no_o difference_n be_v bequeath_v to_o a._n for_o life_n or_o for_o some_o part_n of_o the_o term_n with_o the_o remainder_n to_o b._n and_o the_o executor_n assent_v that_o a._n shall_v enjoy_v his_o bequest_n 6._o whether_o this_o shall_v enure_v to_o b._n also_o since_o without_o the_o executor_n assent_v 47_o no_o legacy_n can_v take_v
the_o conveyance_n to_o another_o by_o the_o common_a law_n amount_v to_o a_o revocation_n therefore_o be_v the_o statute_n make_v tempore_fw-la henrici_fw-la 8._o to_o redress_v this_o 9_o viz._n that_o where_o the_o king_n have_v grant_v land_n or_o other_o thing_n to_o one_o during_o his_o pleasure_n this_o shall_v not_o be_v revoke_v by_o a_o grant_n to_o another_o without_o recital_n of_o the_o former_a and_o declaration_n that_o the_o king_n have_v determine_v his_o pleasure_n be_v now_o to_o consider_v of_o relation_n in_o the_o executor_n assent_v it_o be_v meet_v that_o since_o these_o discourse_n be_v principal_o intend_v for_o those_o who_o be_v not_o ground_v student_n in_o or_o professor_n of_o the_o law_n that_o we_o show_v what_o we_o mean_v by_o relation_n or_o what_o it_o be_v in_o law_n thus_o therefore_o be_v it_o conceive_v that_o relation_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o fiction_n in_o law_n make_v a_o thing_n do_v at_o one_o time_n to_o be_v accept_v and_o repuld_v or_o to_o have_v its_o operation_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v do_v at_o another_o time_n past_a as_o for_o the_o purpose_n a_o do_v bargain_n and_o sell_v freehold_n land_n to_o b._n in_o august_n by_o indenture_n which_o be_v not_o enrol_v until_o october_n follow_v yet_o this_o have_v such_o relation_n to_o the_o date_n of_o the_o indenture_n that_o if_o a._n after_o that_o and_o before_o the_o inrolment_n become_v bind_v in_o a_o statute_n or_o grant_v a_o rend_a charge_n or_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n or_o take_v a_o wife_n or_o commit_v felony_n yet_o shall_v none_o of_o these_o bee_n of_o any_o force_n to_o charge_n or_o prejudice_v the_o state_n of_o b._n for_o that_o the_o law_n adjudge_v he_o now_o owner_n by_o relation_n as_o from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o date_n yea_o if_o a_o servant_n depart_v in_o august_n for_o some_o great_a breach_n with_o his_o master_n do_v kill_v his_o master_n in_o october_n this_o be_v in_o law_n petty_a treason_n as_o if_o he_o have_v continue_v servant_n when_o he_o do_v the_o fact_n because_o it_o relate_v to_o the_o malice_n conceive_v when_o he_o be_v his_o servant_n now_o then_o have_v show_v that_o a_o term_n or_o other_o chatell_n real_a or_o personal_a pass_v not_o nor_o be_v transfer_v in_o property_n to_o the_o devisee_fw-mi until_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o executor_n be_v thereunto_o have_v we_o now_o put_v the_o case_n that_o this_o assent_n be_v not_o have_v till_o a_o year_n or_o some_o such_o good_a space_n after_o the_o testator_n death_n and_o make_v our_o question_n whether_o this_o shall_v have_v relation_n to_o the_o testator_n death_n viz._n to_o be_v in_o the_o law_n account_v as_o if_o it_o have_v then_o be_v or_o perhaps_o to_o some_o purpose_n so_o to_o stand_v and_o to_z other_o not_o so_o that_o this_o be_v useful_a and_o material_a to_o be_v know_v be_v it_o thus_o show_v one_o bequeathe_v his_o term_n of_o tithe_n of_o a_o advowson_n of_o a_o house_n or_o land_n by_o he_o first_o lease_v to_o a_o undertenant_a for_o rent_n and_o die_v in_o may_n the_o executor_n assent_v to_o the_o bequest_n in_o october_n between_o which_o two_o time_n tithe_n be_v set_v out_o the_o church_n become_v void_a rent_n grow_v payable_a now_o if_o this_o assent_n shall_v relate_v to_o the_o testator_n death_n the_o devisee_fw-mi shall_v have_v these_o else_o not_o the_o like_a case_n may_v be_v put_v of_o the_o brood_n of_o cow_n mare_n and_o ewe_n fall_v between_o the_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o the_o assent_n so_o also_o of_o fleece_n of_o sheep_n shear_v etc._n etc._n now_o to_o come_v to_o the_o point_n it_o be_v report_v by_o the_o lord_n cook_n to_o have_v be_v hold_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n eliz._n that_o this_o assent_n shall_v as_o between_o the_o executor_n 1â—_n and_o the_o legatee_n have_v relation_n to_o the_o testator_n death_n case_v yet_o so_o that_o if_o the_o executor_n before_o his_o assent_n to_o the_o devisee_fw-mi of_o a_o lease_n commit_v waste_v b._n now_o the_o action_n of_o waist_n shall_v be_v bring_v against_o the_o executor_n in_o the_o tenuit_fw-la for_o the_o waist_n do_v before_o and_o not_o against_o the_o devisee_fw-mi in_o the_o tenet_n but_o put_v the_o case_n that_o the_o legatee_n before_o the_o executor_n assent_v grant_v the_o term_n to_o i._o s._n now_o if_o to_o any_o purpose_n this_o assent_n shall_v have_v relation_n it_o shall_v certain_o so_o be_v to_o make_v good_a this_o grant_n as_o make_v the_o legatee_n to_o be_v estate_v and_o consequent_o able_a to_o grant_v before_o the_o executor_n assent_v yet_o do_v i_o not_o find_v any_o opinion_n or_o resolution_n in_o the_o point_n but_o find_v it_o debate_v at_o the_o bar_n in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n between_o puckering_n eliz._n and_o egerton_n in_o the_o case_n of_o administration_n grant_v to_o a._n after_o she_o grant_v a_o free_a term_n leave_v by_o her_o intestate_a husband_n but_o i_o find_v no_o resolution_n therein_o nor_o perhaps_o want_v there_o material_a difference_n betwixt_o that_o case_n and_o the_o other_o for_o there_o the_o devisee_fw-mi have_v at_o least_o a_o inception_n of_o title_n by_o gift_n of_o the_o owner_n want_v only_o a_o circumstance_n of_o assent_n to_o perfect_v it_o but_o here_o this_o woman_n till_o administration_n have_v not_o so_o unless_o perhaps_o the_o statute_n 21._o of_o henry_n the_o eight_o direct_v or_o enjoin_v ordinary_n to_o grant_v administration_n shall_v amount_v to_o a_o kind_n of_o title_n ad_fw-la rem_fw-la though_o not_o yet_o in_o re_fw-mi but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o point_n of_o asset_n 15._o where_o a_o reversion_n be_v grant_v by_o deed_n or_o fine_a if_o the_o lessee_n a_o good_a time_n after_o do_v atturne_n this_o shall_v have_v no_o relation_n to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o grant_n so_o as_o for_o waste_v commit_v or_o rend_v grow_v due_a between_o the_o grant_n and_o atturnment_n the_o grantee_n can_v have_v no_o remedy_n therefore_o it_o be_v good_a for_o he_o who_o buy_v or_o have_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o gift_n of_o a_o legatee_n to_o have_v the_o assent_n of_o the_o executor_n before_o the_o sale_n or_o gift_n well_o testify_v or_o if_o the_o assent_n be_v not_o have_v till_o after_o let_v he_o take_v a_o new_a gift_n that_o he_o may_v not_o rest_v in_o a_o doubtful_a case_n for_o beside_o the_o premise_n that_o great_a legist_n sir_n edward_n cook_n when_o he_o be_v a_o practiser_n to_o master_n stubbe_n of_o norfolk_n for_o his_o sea_n give_v his_o opinion_n as_o i_o have_v be_v confident_o inform_v that_o where_o a_o lessee_n for_o year_n be_v outlaw_v do_v grant_v his_o term_n and_o after_o reverse_v the_o outlawry_n this_o do_v not_o make_v good_a the_o grant_n by_o relation_n it_o not_o be_v in_o the_o grantor_n at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o grant_n and_o this_o have_v much_o affinity_n with_o the_o principal_a point_n for_o there_o if_o the_o relation_n help_v not_o the_o grant_n be_v not_o good_a from_o the_o legatee_n divers_a case_n of_o bequest_n consider_v and_o expound_v if_o a_o termor_n of_o a_o house_n eliz._n bequeath_v his_o house_n to_o b._n without_o express_v how_o long_o he_o shall_v have_v it_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o whole_a term_n and_o number_n of_o year_n so_o of_o land_n also_o by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o house_n the_o orchard_n garden_n and_o backesides_n do_v pass_v yea_o if_o the_o house_n with_o thappurtenance_n be_v bequeath_v thereby_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o house_n or_o use_v with_o it_o do_v pass_v though_o yet_o they_o will_v not_o so_o do_v by_o such_o word_n in_o any_o lease_n 286._o deed_n or_o grant_v yet_o by_o some_o civilian_n or_o canonist_n the_o orchard_n belong_v to_o a_o house_n shall_v not_o pass_v by_o the_o only_a gift_n of_o the_o house_n without_o some_o word_n show_v the_o intent_n of_o the_o testator_n so_o to_o be_v or_o except_o one_o gate_n or_o door_n lead_v as_o well_o to_o the_o orchard_n as_o to_o the_o house_n but_o some_o other_o of_o they_o hold_v that_o it_o do_v pass_v without_o any_o such_o help_n of_o circumstance_n so_o as_o it_o be_v adjoin_v to_o the_o house_n if_o a_o lessee_n for_o year_n give_v his_o term_n by_o his_o will_n to_o a._n he_o shall_v have_v it_o without_o pay_v any_o rent_n suprâ—_n for_o the_o executor_n shall_v pay_v it_o for_o he_o a_o i_o find_v in_o the_o summist_n but_o against_o reason_n i_o think_v if_o one_o bequeath_v his_o indenture_n of_o lease_n his_o whole_a state_n in_o that_o lease_n pass_v so_o if_o one_o bequeath_v his_o obligation_n or_o other_o specialty_n the_o debt_n or_o duty_n itself_o shall_v go_v to_o the_o legatee_n and_o by_o the_o canon_n or_o civil_a law_n the_o very_a action_n itself_o pass_v supra_fw-la viz._n