poind_v before_o by_o a_o three_o party_n for_o a_o debt_n hope_v poind_v paterson_n contra_fw-la patrick_n adam_n 10._o in_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n the_o proprietar_n the_o time_n of_o the_o summons_n must_v be_v call_v albeit_o his_o infeftment_n be_v base_a but_o not_o the_o superior_a january_n 19_o 1636._o oliphant_n contra_fw-la oliphant_n and_o be_v sufficient_a to_o call_v the_o wodsetter_n without_o the_o reverser_n february_n 1._o 1631._o gilbert_n williamson_n contra_fw-la hendrie_n cunninghame_n the_o tenant_n also_o must_v be_v call_v in_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v their_o good_n but_o the_o present_a heretor_n and_o tenant_n be_v once_o discern_v the_o decreet_a will_v be_v effectual_a against_o all_o singular_a successor_n and_o subsequent_a tenant_n without_o a_o new_a decreet_a of_o transference_n hope_n poind_v of_o the_o ground_n forester_n contra_fw-la tenant_n november_n 21._o 1628._o watson_n contra_fw-la reid_n june_n 26._o 1662._o adamson_n contra_fw-la lord_n balmerino_n but_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n upon_o annualrent_n may_v proceed_v summary_o without_o declare_v the_o right_n in_o a_o petitorie_a judgement_n though_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la have_v not_o be_v in_o possession_n for_o seven_o year_n and_o a_o posterior_n annualrenter_fw-la in_o possession_n seven_o year_n be_v not_o find_v preferable_a because_o annualrent_n be_v debita_fw-la fundi_fw-la have_v neither_o prejudice_n nor_o profit_n by_o possession_n as_o in_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n which_o be_v only_o competent_a upon_o infeftment_n of_o property_n or_o tack_n january_n 9_o 1668._o old_a lady_n clerkingtoun_n contra_fw-la clerkingtoun_n and_o the_o young_a lady_n and_o a_o poind_n of_o the_o ground_n may_v proceed_v against_o the_o appear_v and_o heir_n without_o a_o charge_n to_o enter_v heir_n january_n 2._o 1667._o oliphant_n contra_fw-la hamiltoun_n 11._o as_o to_o the_o ground-right_a and_o property_n of_o the_o land_n apprize_a upon_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v not_o only_o effectual_a against_o the_o proprietar_n but_o against_o any_o other_o apprize_a for_o personal_a debt_n and_o infeftment_n thereupon_o be_v after_o the_o original_a infeftment_n of_o the_o annualrent_a though_o before_o the_o apprize_a thereon_o hope_n poind_v and_o apprize_a tenant_n of_o clunie_n contra_fw-la tarachtrie_n slowand_a and_o glendon_v and_o it_o be_v the_o singularity_n of_o this_o right_n that_o the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v once_o establish_v apprize_a thereupon_o will_v be_v prefer_v to_o all_o interveen_a right_n and_o diligence_n even_o though_o they_o proceed_v upon_o posterior_n infeftment_n and_o annualrent_n and_o though_o by_o the_o late_a act_n of_o parliament_n appryzing_n within_o year_n and_o day_n come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la there_o be_v a_o express_a exception_n of_o annualrent_n and_o therefore_o a_o apprize_a proceed_v upon_o a_o personal_a obligement_n and_o requisition_n both_o for_o principal_a and_o annual_a and_o within_o year_n and_o day_n of_o other_o appryzing_n the_o appryzer_n be_v allow_v to_o pass_v from_o his_o apprize_a as_o to_o the_o annualrent_n prior_n to_o the_o apprize_a and_o these_o be_v prefer_v to_o all_o the_o appryzing_n and_o his_o apprize_a be_v bring_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la for_o the_o principal_a sum_n and_o annualrent_n after_o the_o apprize_a december_n 22._o 1671._o campbel_n contra_fw-la yea_o a_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v betwixt_o the_o first_o effectual_a apprize_a and_o the_o subsequent_a appryzing_n within_o year_n and_o day_n be_v bring_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la with_o these_o appryzing_n as_o to_o the_o whole_a right_n as_o be_v in_o a_o matter_n dubious_a upon_o a_o new_a statute_n the_o annualrenter_fw-la have_v rest_v thereupon_o and_o not_o have_v apprise_v for_o his_o principal_a sum_n which_o if_o he_o have_v do_v he_o will_v clear_o have_v come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la february_n 6._o 1673._o brown_a of_o colstoun_n contra_fw-la edward_n nicolas_n there_o be_v a_o case_n propose_v by_o sir_n thomas_n hope_v viz._n if_o one_o have_v right_o to_o some_o year_n of_o a_o annualrent_a by_o liferent_a or_o otherways_o shall_v appryze_v for_o these_o year_n and_o that_o apprize_a expyre_n whether_o that_o apprize_a expire_a will_n carry_v the_o right_n of_o property_n not_o only_o from_o he_o who_o constitute_v the_o annualrent_a but_o from_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o annualrent_n himself_o so_o that_o the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n shall_v become_v extinct_a which_o seem_v to_o be_v resolve_v affirmative_o because_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n for_o the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v jus_o sed_fw-la ignobilius_fw-la become_v extinct_a if_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la there_o upon_o do_v appryze_v the_o property_n and_o be_v infeft_v and_o therefore_o whoever_o appryze_v for_o year_n of_o the_o annualrent_a the_o infeftment_n thereof_o unless_o it_o be_v take_v away_o by_o satisfaction_n or_o redemption_n extinguish_v the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n without_o distinction_n whether_o the_o apprize_a be_v lead_v for_o any_o year_n belong_v to_o the_o fire_n liferenter_fw-la or_o any_o other_o and_o whereas_o the_o difficulty_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o the_o liferenter_fw-la can_v prejudge_v the_o fire_n of_o the_o annualrent_a or_o appryze_v more_o from_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o land_n than_o he_o have_v it_o be_v answer_v the_o fire_n need_v not_o be_v prejudge_v because_o he_o have_v a_o virtual_a reversion_n and_o may_v thereby_o redeem_v from_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la and_o take_v the_o liferenter_v right_o neither_o do_v the_o apprize_a exclude_v the_o annualrent_n itself_o as_o to_o year_n posterior_n by_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o apprize_a but_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n constitute_v to_o that_o very_a end_n that_o a_o apprise_n for_o any_o year_n of_o the_o annualrent_n be_v draw_v back_o ad_fw-la svam_fw-la causam_fw-la viz._n the_o original_a infeftment_n of_o the_o annualrent_a and_o so_o exclude_v all_o posterior_n infeftment_n and_o therefore_o extinguish_v not_o only_o these_o but_o even_o the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n itself_o cease_v by_o accession_n of_o the_o property_n ut_fw-la juris_fw-la nobilioris_fw-la but_o if_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o annualrent_n be_v neglective_a in_o so_o dubious_a a_o case_n it_o be_v like_o the_o lord_n will_v repone_v he_o satisfy_v the_o liferenter_fw-la in_o the_o case_n of_o competition_n the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n itself_o will_v be_v prefer_v to_o the_o posterior_n right_n though_o no_o apprise_v follow_v january_n 29._o 1635._o sir_n james_n hamiltoun_n of_o brownhill_n contra_fw-la wilson_n infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n have_v the_o privilege_n and_o preference_n though_o they_o be_v make_v use_n of_o by_o way_n of_o competition_n without_o apprise_v thereupon_o yea_o though_o requisition_n be_v make_v and_o a_o apprise_v lead_v upon_o the_o sum_n whereunto_o the_o annualrent_n be_v accessary_a yet_o it_o be_v find_v the_o appriser_n may_v pro_fw-la loco_fw-la &_o tempore_fw-la pass_v from_o that_o apprise_n and_o upon_o the_o annualrent_n itself_o be_v prefer_v january_n 24._o 1663._o robert_n graham_n contra_fw-la john_n ross._n 12._o but_o as_o to_o apprise_v of_o movable_n or_o rent_n the_o lord_n use_v in_o competition_n to_o give_v so_o much_o time_n to_o the_o first_o annualrenter_fw-la and_o so_o to_o the_o rest_n after_o each_o term_n that_o they_o only_o may_v poind_v and_o so_o they_o decern_v the_o first_o annualrenter_fw-la to_o poind_v within_o twenty_o day_n of_o each_o term_n and_o the_o second_o within_o the_o next_o twenty_o day_n feb._n 15._o 1662._o lady_n mouswall_n elder_a and_o young_a competing_n the_o like_a allow_v the_o first_o annualrenter_fw-la forty_o day_n after_o each_o term_n july_n 26._o 1662._o sir_n john_n aiton_n contra_fw-la adam_n wat._n but_o as_o to_o the_o apprise_n of_o the_o property_n the_o first_o annualrenter_fw-la may_n apprise_n when_o he_o please_v and_o then_o be_v preferable_a to_o all_o other_o but_o the_o regulate_v of_o the_o poind_n of_o movable_n be_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o poor_a labourer_n the_o like_a june_n 26._o 1662._o adamson_n contra_fw-la lord_n balmerino_n where_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la may_v affect_v any_o part_n of_o the_o ground_n in_o solidum_fw-la albeit_o now_o belong_v to_o several_a heretor_n but_o so_o as_o the_o heretor_fw-la of_o the_o ground_n affect_v behove_v to_o have_v assignation_n to_o the_o decreet_a for_o obtain_v relief_n 13._o annualrent_n long_o ago_o have_v no_o effect_n but_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n and_o can_v not_o come_v in_o to_o hinder_v arrester_n of_o the_o duty_n for_o the_o proprietar_n debt_n march_v 24._o 1626._o grace_n contra_fw-la graham_n but_o thereafter_o be_v ordain_v to_o be_v a_o sufficient_a title_n against_o all_o intromettor_n with_o the_o duty_n personal_o march_v 15._o 1637._o richard_n guthrie_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o galloway_n annualrent_n be_v find_v liable_a to_o public_a burden_n proportional_a with_o the_o superplus_n rend_v belong_v to_o the_o fire_n june_n 23._o 1675._o david_n
find_v liable_a to_o the_o liferenter_fw-la for_o the_o true_a worth_n of_o the_o liferent-land_n and_o not_o according_a as_o he_o set_v they_o though_o they_o be_v never_o set_v before_o except_o the_o appryzer_n have_v set_v the_o land_n whole_o or_o near_o to_o the_o worth_n march_v 9_o 1631._o lady_n huttonhall_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o moristoun_n and_o touch._n 9_o a_o liferenter_n executor_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_a to_o the_o mertimas_n term_n though_o the_o liferenter_fw-la die_v upon_o the_o mertimas_n day_n in_o the_o afternoon_n february_n 16._o 1642._o executor_n of_o the_o lady_n bruntoun_n contra_fw-la heir_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o glasgow_n and_o they_o have_v right_a to_o the_o whole_a crop_v and_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n labour_v and_o sow_v by_o themselves_o or_o which_o be_v in_o mansing_n and_o not_o set_v to_o tenant_n though_o the_o liferenter_fw-la die_v before_o mertimas_n december_n 14._o 1621._o william_n 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la james_n nisbit_n a_o liferenter_n executor_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_a to_o the_o whole_a year_n rend_v of_o a_o miln_n liferent_v by_o she_o she_o have_v survive_v martimas_n and_o that_o miln_n rent_n be_v not_o due_a de_fw-fr die_v in_o diem_fw-la but_o as_o land-rent_n not_o as_o house_n mail_n though_o the_o conventional_a term_n of_o the_o miln_n rent_n be_v after_o martimas_n viz._n one_o term_n at_o candlemess_n after_o the_o separation_n and_o the_o other_o at_o whitsonday_n thereafter_o july_n 20._o 1671._o guthry_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o mckerstoun_n but_o a_o liferenter_fw-la infeft_v in_o a_o annualrent_a of_o victual_n provide_v to_o be_v pay_v yearly_o betwixt_o zule_n and_o candlemess_n her_o husband_n have_v die_v after_o martimas_n and_o before_o candlemess_n she_o be_v find_v to_o have_v no_o share_n of_o her_o annualrent_a for_o that_o crop_v january_n 12._o 1681._o katherine_n trotter_n lady_n craigli_v contra_fw-la rochhead_n lady_n prestoungrange_n 10._o a_o conjunctfee_n or_o conjunct-infeftment_a be_v that_o which_o be_v grant_v to_o more_o person_n joint_o which_o if_o it_o be_v provide_v to_o they_o and_o their_o heir_n simple_o it_o make_v they_o and_o their_o heir_n to_o have_v equal_a right_n pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la and_o they_o be_v all_o equal_o fiar_n and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o any_o of_o they_o their_o portion_n belong_v to_o their_o heir_n but_o the_o liferent_a of_o the_o deceass_v accress_v not_o to_o the_o surviver_n but_o when_o conjunct-infeftments_a be_v provide_v to_o husband_n and_o wife_n the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o two_o and_o their_o heir_n there_o the_o law_n presume_v that_o the_o heir_n be_v the_o man_n heir_n and_o by_o that_o interpretation_n the_o wife_n by_o the_o conjunctfee_n be_v but_o liferenter_fw-la and_o general_o heir_n of_o man_n and_o wife_n in_o all_o thing_n except_o movable_a right_n be_v ever_o understand_v to_o be_v the_o man_n heir_n propter_fw-la eminentiam_fw-la masculini_fw-la sexus_fw-la so_o be_v it_o find_v in_o a_o assignation_n to_o a_o reversion_n grant_v to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n and_o their_o heir_n that_o thereby_o the_o man_n heir_n first_o these_o of_o the_o marriage_n and_o next_o his_o other_o heir_n whatsoever_o be_v understand_v hope_v husband_n and_o wife_n walter_n collestoun_n contra_fw-la pitfoddel_n yet_o though_o this_o be_v presumptio_fw-la juris_fw-la it_o admit_v contrary_a more_o pregnant_a evidence_n as_o a_o reversion_n grant_v to_o a_o man_n and_o wife_n and_o their_o heir_n find_v to_o constitute_v the_o wife_n fire_n because_o she_o be_v heretrix_fw-la of_o the_o wodset_a land_n hope_v liferent_a kincaid_n contra_fw-la menzies_n of_o pitfoddel_n but_o to_o prevent_v this_o question_n the_o provision_n ordinary_o be_v to_o the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o two_o and_o their_o heir_n whilk_n fail_v to_o such_o particular_a heir_n express_v whereby_o these_o be_v common_o esteem_v fiar_n who_o heir_n what_o some_o ever_o be_v substitute_n and_o yet_o a_o sum_n provide_v to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n and_o the_o heir_n betwixt_o they_o whilk_n fail_v to_o divide_v betwixt_o the_o man_n and_o wife_n heir_n be_v find_v not_o to_o constitute_v the_o wife_n fire_n of_o the_o half_a but_o only_o liferenter_fw-la and_o the_o wife_n heir_n of_o line_n to_o be_v heir_n of_o provision_n to_o the_o man_n and_o that_o the_o sum_n be_v disposeable_a by_o he_o and_o arrestable_a by_o his_o creditor_n january_n 29._o 1639._o graham_n contra_fw-la park_n and_o gerdon_n so_o strong_a be_v this_o presumption_n that_o there_o be_v no_o more_o mean_v to_o be_v grant_v to_o wife_n but_o their_o liferent-right_a and_o no_o part_n of_o the_o fee_n unless_o the_o provision_n bear_v express_o a_o power_n to_o the_o wife_n to_o dispone_n and_o if_o it_o be_v adject_v at_o any_o time_n during_o her_o life_n the_o fee_n will_v remain_v in_o the_o man_n and_o that_o power_n in_o the_o wife_n will_v rather_o be_v understand_v as_o a_o faculty_n like_v to_o the_o power_n give_v to_o commissioner_n to_o dispone_n land_n than_o a_o act_n of_o property_n unless_o that_o the_o provision_n bear_v a_o power_n to_o the_o wife_n and_o her_o heir_n to_o dispone_n but_o a_o conjunctfee_n to_o future_a spouse_n of_o conquest_n during_o the_o marriage_n in_o these_o term_n the_o one_o half_a thereof_o to_o be_v dispone_v upon_o as_o the_o wife_n shall_v think_v fit_a be_v in_o a_o minute_n of_o contract_n express_v no_o heir_n but_o be_v a_o short_a draught_n the_o lady_n be_v of_o great_a quality_n have_v about_o 22000._o mark_n yearly_a in_o liferent_a beside_o money_n and_o movable_n and_o the_o husband_n be_v a_o nobleman_n son_n have_v gain_v a_o estate_n of_o 7000._o mark_n yearly_a in_o the_o ware_n which_o he_o have_v least_o the_o clause_n be_v find_v to_o be_v understand_v and_o extend_v so_o as_o to_o make_v both_o future_a spouse_n equal_a fiar_n see_v the_o conquest_n be_v main_o to_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o wife_n liferent_a june_n 27._o 1676._o earl_n of_o dumfermling_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o callender_n if_o a_o conjunct-infeftment_a be_v grant_v to_o two_o or_o more_o the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o and_o express_v no_o heir_n but_o a_o liferent_a to_o they_o all_o the_o same_o accress_v to_o the_o surviver_n or_o if_o it_o be_v a_o right_n of_o land_n or_o annualrent_n to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o two_o and_o to_o their_o son_n name_v and_o his_o heir_n the_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n be_v both_o liferenter_n and_o the_o son_n be_v fire_n only_o unless_o the_o right_n be_v for_o security_n of_o sum_n of_o money_n and_o then_o the_o person_n name_v be_v but_o as_o heir_n substitute_n the_o father_n be_v fire_n even_o though_o the_o son_n be_v infeft_v with_o the_o father_n and_o mother_n january_n 14._o 1663._o thomas_n bog_n contra_fw-la sir_n thomas_n nicolson_n july_n 23._o 1675._o moor_n of_o anistoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o lamingtoun_n 11._o the_o main_a difference_n betwixt_o conjunct-fee_n and_o other_o life-rent_n be_v that_o the_o conjunct-fiar_n though_o by_o interpretation_n liferenter_fw-la only_a and_o so_o may_v not_o alienat_fw-la or_o waste_v yet_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n and_o custom_n they_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o all_o casualty_n befalling_a during_o their_o life_n and_o may_v dispose_v thereof_o which_o will_v not_o only_o be_v effectual_a during_o their_o life_n but_o simple_o for_o that_o individual_a casuality_n so_o conjunct-fiars_a may_v receive_v and_o enter_v the_o heir_n of_o vassal_n and_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o their_o ward_n nonentry_n liferent-escheat_n and_o may_v grant_v gift_n thereof_o effectual_o even_o as_o to_o the_o time_n after_o their_o death_n so_o also_o a_o conjunct-siar_a infeft_v with_o her_o husband_n in_o land_n cum_fw-la sylvis_n be_v find_v thereby_o to_o have_v right_a to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o wood_n for_o she_o and_o her_o tenant_n use_n january_n 10._o 1610._o hunter_n and_o other_o contra_fw-la relict_n of_o gadgirth_n vide_fw-la title_n 13._o §_o 41._o liferenter_n have_v not_o these_o casualty_n of_o superiority_n yet_o a_o baron_n have_v dispone_v his_o barony_n reserve_v his_o liferent_a be_v thereby_o find_v to_o have_v right_a to_o receive_v the_o heir_n of_o his_o vassal_n but_o not_o singular_a successor_n january_n 11._o 1611._o crawfurd_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o glaspen_n and_o there_o be_v reason_n that_o the_o fire_n dispone_v with_o reservation_n to_o himself_o whereby_o his_o own_o infeftment_n stand_v pro_fw-la tanto_fw-la shall_v have_v great_a power_n than_o a_o liferent_a apart_o or_o by_o reservation_n not_o be_v before_o infeft_v conjunctfee_n though_o public_a as_o ordinary_o they_o be_v and_o thereby_o as_o to_o the_o superior_a the_o fee_n be_v full_a and_o the_o casualty_n of_o ward_n and_o nonentry_n exclude_v yet_o the_o heir_n may_v enter_v to_o the_o property_n and_o compel_v the_o superior_a to_o
27._o the_o entry_n of_o heir_n by_o hesp_n and_o steeple_n within_o burgh_n 28._o entry_n of_o heir_n by_o brieuc_n out_o of_o the_o chancellarie_n 29._o to_o who_o these_o brieve_n be_v direct_v 30._o the_o manner_n of_o cit_v the_o inquist_n and_o proclaim_v the_o brieve_n 31._o exception_n competent_a against_o member_n of_o inquist_n 32._o the_o appearand_a heir_n claim_v 33._o exception_n against_o the_o claim_n 34._o first_o head_n of_o the_o brieve_n 35._o the_o 2._o head_n of_o the_o brieve_n 36._o 3._o head_n of_o the_o brieve_n 37._o the_o 4._o head_n 〈◊〉_d of_o brieve_n 38._o the_o 5._o head_n of_o the_o brieve_n 39_o the_o 6._o head_n of_o the_o brieve_n 40._o the_o 7._o head_n of_o the_o brieve_n 41._o the_o service_n 42._o the_o reture_n 43._o reduction_n of_o return_v by_o a_o great_a inqui_v 44._o reduction_n thereof_o otherways_o 45._o reduction_n of_o return_v how_o competent_a 46._o precept_n out_o of_o the_o chancellarie_n to_o superior_n to_o infeft_n 47._o suspension_n of_o the_o precept_n and_o the_o reason_n competent_a therein_o 48._o the_o certification_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o superiority_n during_o the_o life_n of_o the_o superior_n disobey_v 49._o further_a reason_n of_o suspension_n of_o these_o precept_n 50._o whether_o the_o person_n near_o at_o the_o defunct_n decease_n may_v be_v enter_v where_o a_o near_o be_v in_o spe_fw-mi 51._o who_o be_v fiar_n of_o conjuct-fee_n or_o provision_n substitute_n 52._o the_o entreast_n of_o heir_n of_o provision_n and_o import_v of_o clause_n of_o conquy_a in_o contract_n of_o marriage_n by_o the_o former_a title_n it_o appear_v who_o be_v heir_n let_v we_o now_o consider_v what_o their_o interest_n be_v by_o be_v heir_n and_o that_o be_v either_o active_a by_o the_o benefit_n or_o passive_a by_o the_o burden_n whereunto_o they_o do_v succeed_v for_o heir_n be_v successor_n in_o universum_fw-la jus_o quod_fw-la defunctus_fw-la habuit_fw-la they_o do_v full_o represent_v the_o defunct_a both_o in_o the_o right_n belongiug_v to_o he_o and_o in_o the_o debt_n due_a by_o he_o first_o then_o of_o the_o interest_n common_a to_o all_o heir_n and_o next_o of_o the_o interest_n special_a to_o the_o several_a heir_n 1._o the_o interest_n of_o heir_n be_v most_o proper_o competent_a when_o they_o be_v enter_v heir_n according_a to_o the_o due_a course_n of_o law_n of_o which_o afterward_o yet_o something_n be_v competent_a not_o only_o to_o heir_n enter_v but_o to_o appear_v and_o heir_n as_o first_o they_o have_v interest_n to_o prusue_v exhibition_n of_o all_o writ_n make_v by_o their_o predecessor_n to_o their_o wife_n child_n and_o other_o in_o familia_fw-la but_o not_o of_o write_v make_v by_o they_o extra_fw-la familiam_fw-la december_n 6._o 1661._o margaret_z forester_n and_o schaw_n of_o sor_n nebeg_v her_o spouse_n contra_n tailzefere_o or_o to_o their_o predecessor_n simple_o to_o the_o effect_n they_o may_v know_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o heritage_n and_o may_v desiberat_v whether_o they_o will_v enter_v heir_n or_o not_o see_v if_o they_o do_v enter_v they_o be_v liable_a for_o all_o the_o defunct_n debt_n though_o they_o far_o exceed_v his_o estate_n and_o have_v no_o benefit_n of_o inventary_a as_o in_o moveable_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v allow_v to_o pursue_v for_o inspection_n of_o all_o write_v import_v a_o debt_n of_o the_o defunct_a yet_o not_o so_o as_o to_o open_v the_o charter_n chist_n of_o stranger_n who_o have_v purchase_v land_n from_o the_o defunct_a on_o pretence_n of_o the_o burden_n by_o the_o warrandice_n for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o stranger_n infeftment_n will_v exclude_v they_o and_o only_a disposition_n make_v to_o these_o in_o the_o family_n hinder_v not_o inspection_n of_o the_o heir_n whole_a right_n flow_v from_o the_o defunct_a or_o his_o predecessor_n but_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o all_o will_v be_v oblige_v to_o produce_v band_n or_o personal_a obleigement_n which_o may_v burden_v the_o appearand_a heir_n if_o he_o enter_v as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o disposition_n and_o bandsgranted_a by_o the_o defunct_a to_o stranger_n feb._n 26._o 1633_o laird_n of_o swynton_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o westnisbit_n but_o if_o infeftment_n have_v follow_v upon_o the_o disposition_n the_o defender_n will_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o produce_v the_o disposition_n because_o the_o appearand_a heir_n may_v by_o the_o register_n find_v his_o predecessor_n denude_v this_o inspection_n be_v competent_a during_o their_o annus_fw-la deliberandi_fw-la it_o be_v so_o find_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o appearand_a heir_n pursue_v exhibition_n within_o the_o year_n feb._n 26._o 1633._o laird_n of_o swinton_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o westnisbit_n where_o the_o writ_n pursue_v for_o be_v likely_a to_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o a_o plea_n against_o the_o defender_n himself_o this_o exhibition_n ad_fw-la deliberandum_fw-la be_v competent_a at_o any_o time_n before_o the_o heir_n enter_v even_o after_o the_o annus_fw-la deliberandi_fw-la which_o be_v grant_v to_o appearand_a heir_n that_o they_o may_v be_v free_a of_o all_o action_n on_o chargesto_n enter_v heir_n reduction_n or_o declarator_n during_o that_o time_n if_o they_o do_v not_o enter_v or_o behave_v as_o heir_n but_o on_o this_o account_n the_o appearand_a heir_n have_v no_o interest_n to_o put_v party_n to_o compt_n and_o reckon_v ad_fw-la deliberandum_fw-la june_n 22._o 1671._o lessy_n contra_fw-la alexander_n jeffray_n in_o these_o exhibition_n the_o relation_n or_o propinquity_n of_o blood_n of_o the_o appearand_a heir_n pass_v without_o probation_n as_o notorium_fw-la so_o as_o if_o the_o defender_n be_v absent_a the_o decrcet_n will_v not_o be_v null_a for_o want_v of_o probation_n of_o the_o title_n yet_o a_o scot_n man_n bear_v of_o parent_n reside_v in_o holland_n be_v find_v to_o have_v no_o interest_n to_o pursue_v exhibition_n as_o appearand_a heir_n to_o his_o father_n till_o he_o produce_v a_o authentic_a declaration_n and_o trial_n by_o the_o magistrant_n in_o that_o place_n that_o he_o be_v the_o elder_a lawful_a son_n of_o his_o father_n december_n 17._o 1627._o fleming_n contra_fw-la broun_n 2._o appearand_a heir_n may_v defend_v all_o right_n competent_a to_o they_o upon_o production_n of_o their_o predecessor_n infeftment_n whether_o they_o be_v call_v or_o compear_v for_o their_o interest_n january_n 19_o 1627._o laird_n of_o rosline_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n and_o george_n fairbairn_n for_o his_o interest_n they_o may_v also_o continue_v their_o predecessor_n possession_n and_o pursue_v for_o mail_n and_o duty_n of_o there_o land_n find_v caution_n in_o case_n of_o doubtfulness_n to_o make_v these_o forthcoming_a to_o any_o other_o have_v interest_n spot_n heir_n james_n oliphant_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n yea_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n be_v so_o far_o find_v to_o belong_v to_o a_o appearand_a heir_n that_o though_o he_o die_v un-entered_n the_o next_o heir_n not_o enter_v to_o he_o be_v find_v obleige_v to_o pay_v the_o former_a appearand_a heir_n aliment_n in_o so_o far_o as_o he_o intromit_v with_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o year_n during_o which_o the_o former_a appearand_a heir_n live_v december_n 20._o 1662._o lady_n tarsapie_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o trasapie_n and_o consequent_o the_o rent_n may_v be_v confirm_v by_o his_o executor_n or_o arrest_v for_o his_o debt_n the_o like_a be_v find_v of_o movable_a heirship_n wherewith_o the_o appearand_a heir_n be_v entertain_v by_o his_o mother_n june_n 29._o 1629._o robertson_n contra_fw-la dalntahoy_n they_o may_v also_o pursue_v the_o liferenters_a of_o their_o estate_n for_o aliment_n feb._n 12._o 1635._o james_n hepburn_n contra_fw-la damn_v margaret_n preston_n and_o isobel_n seatoun_n 3._o the_o aliment_n of_o heir_n out_o of_o there_o land_n be_v liferented_n or_o in_o ward_n be_v constitute_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1491._o cap._n 25._o bear_v a_o reasonable_a live_n to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o sustentation_n of_o the_o heir_n after_o the_o quantity_n of_o heritage_n if_o the_o say_a heir_n have_v no_o blensh_n or_o feu_fw-fr ferm_n to_o sustain_v he_o as_o well_o of_o ward_n land_n fall_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n as_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o any_o baron_n spiritual_n or_o temporal_a whereby_o it_o be_v clear_a 1._o that_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o aliment_n be_v indeterminat_fw-la and_o therefore_o be_v modify_v by_o the_o lord_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o his_o estate_n 2._o it_o take_v no_o place_n if_o the_o heir_n have_v blensh_o or_o feu_fw-fr land_n sufficient_a to_o sustain_v he_o but_o if_o these_o be_v not_o sufficient_a the_o same_o will_v be_v make_v up_o by_o the_o liferenters_a and_o wardatar_n proportional_o march_v 16._o 1622._o heir_n of_o milioun_n contra_fw-la calderwood_n yea_o where_o the_o minor_n have_v any_o other_o mean_n sufficient_a to_o entertain_v himself_o as_o the_o heir_n be_v a_o writer_n and_o thereby_o able_a to_o aliment_n himself_o he_o
right_n assign_v albeit_o not_o express_v in_o the_o assignation_n 18_o in_o what_o case_n the_o cedent_n oath_n prove_v against_o his_o astigny_n 19_o assignation_n intimate_fw-la before_o the_o cedent_n death_n give_v summar_n execution_n without_o confirmation_n 20_o all_o exception_n against_o cedent_n before_o intimation_n be_v relevant_a against_o assigny_n to_o personal_a right_n or_o tack_n 21_o the_o effect_n of_o backbond_n discharge_v or_o assignation_n of_o disposition_n before_o infeftment_n or_o apprising_n during_o the_o legal_a 22_o assigny_n by_o tutor_n have_v no_o execution_n till_o the_o tutor-count_n be_v make_v 23_o how_o far_o assignys_n to_o mutual_a contract_n may_v be_v debar_v till_o performance_n of_o their_o cedent_n part_n 24_o arrestment_n may_v be_v grant_v by_o all_o judge_n superior_a or_o inferior_a and_o how_o far_o they_o be_v effectual_a before_o other_o court_n 25_o the_o effect_n of_o arrestment_n make_v in_o the_o debitor_n own_o hand_n 26_o arrestment_n be_v personal_a and_o do_v not_o burden_n the_o successor_n of_o he_o in_o who_o hand_n it_o be_v make_v but_o be_v valid_a against_o the_o successor_n of_o the_o debtor_n 27_o arrestment_n be_v not_o effectual_a for_o or_o against_o herltable_a sum_n by_o infeftment_n but_o against_o the_o same_o when_o make_v movable_a or_o any_o other_o movable_a sum_n 28_o rent_n or_o annualrent_n be_v always_o arrestable_a 29_o the_o effect_n of_o arrestment_n of_o rent_n annualrent_n or_o other_o sum_n lay_v on_o before_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n 30_o the_o effect_n of_o arrestment_n lay_v on_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o factor_n 31_o arrestment_n extend_v only_o to_o the_o debt_n due_a by_o he_o in_o who_o hand_n it_o be_v lay_v on_o 32_o arrestment_n make_v the_o subject_a litigious_a 33_o the_o order_n and_o tenor_n of_o lose_v arrestment_n 34_o in_o what_o case_n arrestment_n lay_v on_o for_o sum_n due_a by_o decreet_n be_v loosable_a or_o not_o 35_o the_o effect_n of_o lose_v arrestment_n 36_o the_o order_n of_o action_n for_o make_v foorthcoming_a 37_o exception_n in_o the_o action_n for_o make_v foorthcoming_a 38_o the_o effect_n of_o arrestment_n for_o make_v movable_a good_n foorthcoming_a 39_o the_o effect_n of_o arrestment_n of_o sum_n 40_o he_o to_o who_o payment_n be_v make_v after_o arrestment_n be_v liable_a to_o restore_v 41_o the_o oath_n of_o party_n in_o who_o hand_n arrestment_n be_v make_v must_v condescend_v special_o what_o they_o then_o owe_v and_o when_o they_o pay_v 42_o the_o decreet_a for_o make_v foorthcoming_a do_v only_a transter_n the_o right_n to_o the_o arrester_n of_o the_o good_n or_o sum_v arrest_v 43_o but_o assignation_n do_v transfer_v the_o right_n when_o intimate_fw-la without_o far_a diligence_n and_o so_o be_v preserable_a to_o all_o posterior_n arrestment_n and_o respect_n be_v have_v to_o priority_n of_o hour_n if_o express_v in_o the_o intimation_n 44_o if_o the_o arrestment_n be_v prior_n to_o the_o intimation_n 〈◊〉_d be_v preferable_a not_o faillng_v diligence_n 45_o how_o assignation_n be_v complete_v by_o 〈◊〉_d citation_n charge_n possession_n or_o corroboration_n 46_o the_o preference_n of_o arrestment_n in_o competidon_n title_n xxiv_o disposition_n where_o of_o resignation_n in_o favorem_fw-la apprising_n and_o adjudication_n of_o real_a right_n 1_o disposition_n of_o property_n carry_v virtual_o all_o lesser_a right_n 2_o how_o superveening_a right_n belong_v to_o author_n belong_v to_o their_o singular_a successor_n 3_o disposition_n describe_v 4_o how_o disposition_n be_v accomplish_v in_o equity_n 5_o how_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o other_o civil_a nation_n 6_o possession_n accomplish_v real_a right_n 7_o property_n of_o movable_n be_v presume_v from_o possession_n 8_o resignation_n in_o favorem_fw-la 9_o disposition_n or_o assignation_n by_o those_o who_o have_v no_o right_n with_o consent_n of_o those_o who_o have_v how_o far_o 〈◊〉_d 10_o procuratory_n or_o infeftment_n of_o resignation_n after_o forty_o year_n possession_n by_o charter_n need_v not_o be_v produce_v 11_o infeftment_n on_o resignation_n carry_v any_o lesser_a right_n in_o the_o disponer_n though_o not_o express_v 12_o the_o effect_n of_o resignation_n accept_v by_o the_o superior_a before_o infeftment_n follow_v thereon_o 13_o superior_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o receive_v the_o singular_a successor_n of_o the_o vassal_n after_o infeftment_n expede_n though_o it_o bear_v to_o the_o vassal_n heir_n and_o assigny_n 14_o apprising_n can_v only_o proceed_v on_o liquid_a sum_n 15_o apprising_n reach_v all_o heritable_a right_n though_o not_o provide_v to_o assignys_n 16_o apprising_n carry_v all_o personal_a right_n without_o intimation_n 17_o the_o rise_n of_o infeftment_n upon_o posterior_n apprising_n 18_o infeftment_n may_v be_v obtain_v summary_o upon_o apprising_n after_o the_o debitor_n death_n 19_o the_o effect_n of_o apprising_n as_o to_o nonentry_n ward_n and_o liserent_a escheat_n 20_o the_o denounciation_n whereupon_o apprising_n follow_v render_v the_o matter_n litigious_a and_o exclude_v posterior_n voluntary_a right_n 21_o competition_n of_o apprising_n 22_o the_o effect_n of_o apprising_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o superior_n against_o their_o own_o 〈◊〉_d 23_o the_o effect_n of_o apprising_n at_o to_o remove_n &_o maillsand_n duty_n 24_o allowance_n of_o apprising_n 25_o whether_o superior_n must_v receive_v appriser_n not_o instruct_v their_o author_n right_o 26_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o year_n be_v rend_v due_a to_o superior_n for_o enter_v appriser_n 27_o what_o course_n be_v competent_a against_o contumacious_a superior_n 28_o the_o legal_a reversion_n of_o apprising_n 29_o appriser_n may_v use_v other_o diligence_n for_o their_o payment_n though_o the_o apprising_n be_v expire_v 30_o nullity_n of_o apprising_n 31_o modification_n of_o exorbitant_a penalty_n in_o apprising_n 32_o apprise_v sustain_v without_o a_o charge_n for_o the_o sum_n 33_o apprise_v sustain_v though_o the_o letter_n and_o execution_n be_v blank_a as_o to_o the_o land_n the_o messenger_n who_o denounce_v be_v judge_n to_o the_o appryse_v in_o which_o they_o be_v fill_v up_o which_o be_v a_o more_o solemn_a execution_n 34_o a_o apprise_v sustain_v without_o produce_v the_o letter_n of_o apprise_v be_v long_o before_o but_o the_o instruction_n of_o the_o debt_n be_v find_v necessary_a to_o be_v produce_v within_o prescription_n 35_o a_o apprise_v sustain_v though_o by_o dispensation_n at_o a_o private_a place_n and_o the_o court_n of_o apprise_v adjourn_v 36_o a_o apprise_n of_o right_n general_o prefer_v to_o a_o posterior_n apprise_v of_o the_o right_n in_o special_a be_v a_o annualrent_a 37_o apprising_n become_v extinct_a by_o payment_n and_o the_o debtor_n right_o revive_v without_o new_a investiture_n 38_o in_o what_o case_n appriser_n must_v possess_v and_o how_o they_o be_v countable_a 39_o what_o alteration_n in_o apprysing_n be_v introduce_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1661._o cap._n 62._o as_o to_o the_o endurance_n of_o the_o legal_a and_o come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la 40_o now_o apprising_n come_v in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o debitor_n apparent_a heir_n be_v satisfiable_a from_o he_o or_o his_o trustee_n 41_o how_o apprising_n against_o party_n charge_v to_o enter_v heir_n be_v redeemable_a 42_o legal_n run_v not_o against_o minor_n 43_o appriser_n continue_v to_o possess_v after_o the_o legal_a can_v use_v no_o other_o diligence_n but_o the_o sum_n be_v thereby_o satisfy_v though_o a_o part_n of_o the_o land_n be_v evict_v the_o rest_n be_v worth_a the_o whole_a sum._n 44_o the_o rise_n of_o adjudication_n 45_o the_o form_n of_o adjudication_n on_o 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v heir_n 46_o why_o adjudication_n pass_v at_o random_n and_o the_o 〈◊〉_d may_v now_o be_v put_v to_o instruct_v some_o interest_n in_o the_o debtor_n 47_o what_o right_n be_v affect_v with_o adjudication_n 48_o superior_n must_v receive_v adjudger_n pay_v a_o year_n rent_n unless_o they_o pay_v the_o creditor_n and_o then_o the_o superior_a will_v have_v no_o year_n rent_n 49_o how_o adjudication_n be_v redeemable_a 50_o adjudication_n may_v be_v for_o the_o apparent_a heir_n be_v own_o debt_n 51_o how_o adjudication_n become_v extinct_a 52_o the_o form_n and_o effect_n of_o adjudication_n to_o perfect_a disposition_n 53_o the_o form_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o partial_a and_o total_a adjudication_n introduce_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n september_n 6._o 1672._o title_n xxv_o confiscation_n where_o of_o single-escheat_n liferent-escheat_n shipwreck_n waith-goods_a treasure_n forefaulture_n bastardy_n and_o last-heir_n 1_o the_o tenor_n of_o letter_n of_o horning_n 2_o the_o execution_n of_o horning_n must_v bear_v the_o party_n charge_v personal_o or_o at_o his_o dwellinghouse_n design_v 3_o the_o execution_n at_o the_o dwellinghouse_n must_v bear_v six_o knock_n at_o the_o most_o patent_n gate_n because_o the_o messenger_n can_v get_v no_o entry_n 4_o the_o knock_n must_v be_v audible_a that_o those_o within_o may_v hear_v 5_o if_o the_o messenger_n
have_v unwarrantable_o refuse_v to_o enter_v if_o the_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n insist_v in_o his_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n for_o possession_n but_o he_o may_v forbear_v to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n and_o if_o holy_fw-mi long_o out_o without_o further_a diligence_n he_o will_v be_v presume_v to_o have_v relinquish_v his_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n and_o posterior_n right_n and_o diligence_n will_v be_v prefer_v but_o if_o he_o enter_v in_o possession_n no_o posterior_n infeftment_n or_o diligence_n will_v exclude_v he_o although_o he_o insist_v no_o further_o but_o the_o charge_n of_o horning_n and_o it_o have_v not_o occur_v to_o be_v determine_v how_o long_o that_o right_n will_v subsist_v without_o infeftment_n but_o it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o the_o superior_a will_v not_o be_v exclude_v from_o the_o casualty_n of_o superiority_n by_o his_o former_a vassal_n if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v in_o the_o fault_n in_o refuse_v to_o enter_v when_o the_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n offer_v he_o a_o charter_n with_o a_o year_n rend_v of_o the_o land_n or_o annualrent_a of_o the_o sum_n adjudge_v or_o apprise_v for_o this_o be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o ward_n february_n 9_o 1669._o black_a contra_fw-la david_n trinch_n neither_o be_v a_o superior_a find_v to_o have_v interest_n to_o exclude_v a_o appryzer_n from_o possession_n till_o he_o pay_v a_o year_n rent_n but_o that_o he_o may_v possess_v during_o the_o legal_a if_o he_o insist_v not_o for_o infeftment_n which_o insinuat_v that_o after_o expyre_v of_o the_o legal_a the_o superior_a may_v hinder_v the_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n to_o continue_v in_o possession_n till_o he_o take_v infeftment_n and_o pay_v a_o year_n rend_v but_o during_o the_o legal_a the_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n be_v but_o as_o a_o legal_a assignation_n to_o the_o mail_n and_o duty_n so_o that_o the_o appryzer_n can_v be_v force_v to_o take_v infeftment_n till_o the_o legal_a expyre_n and_o the_o land_n become_v irredeemable_o his_o own_o and_o then_o he_o be_v to_o pay_v a_o year_n rend_v but_o in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v no_o charge_n upon_o the_o apprize_a december_n 3._o 1672._o mr._n hendry_n hay_o contra_fw-la laird_n of_o earlestoun_n albeit_o in_o the_o case_n of_o johnstoun_n contra_fw-la the_o tenant_n of_o auchincorse_n july_n 22._o 1665._o the_o appryzer_n have_v charge_v the_o superior_a though_o he_o do_v not_o then_o obey_v yet_o appear_v in_o the_o process_n of_o mail_n and_o duty_n he_o offer_v now_o to_o receive_v the_o appryzer_n and_o therefore_o the_o appryzer_n be_v exclude_v till_o he_o pay_v the_o year_n rend_v which_o be_v under_o consideration_n of_o the_o lord_n in_o the_o posterior_n case_n of_o mr._n henry_n hay_o they_o resolve_v to_o give_v the_o apyryzer_n his_o option_n within_o the_o legal_a to_o take_v infeftment_n or_o not_o so_o that_o the_o charge_n do_v only_o hinder_v other_o to_o preveen_n but_o do_v not_o exclude_v the_o superior_a from_o any_o casuality_n of_o the_o superiority_n fall_v by_o his_o former_a vassal_n unless_o he_o have_v be_v in_o culpa_fw-la refuse_v the_o appryzer_n entry_n insist_v orderly_o to_o be_v enter_v which_o be_v a_o great_a advantage_n both_o to_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n not_o to_o have_v the_o accession_n of_o a_o year_n rend_v till_o the_o ancient_a right_n may_v be_v discover_v and_o that_o it_o may_v appear_v whether_o the_o apprize_a become_v a_o absolute_a right_n the_o main_a division_n of_o infeftment_n be_v in_o relation_n to_o the_o hold_v be_v in_o ward_n blench_v feu_n burgage_n and_o mortification_n 31._o a_o infeftment_n ward_n have_v its_o denomination_n from_o ward_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a casuality_n befalling_a to_o the_o superior_a thereby_o it_o be_v the_o most_o proper_a feudal_n right_o we_o have_v and_o therefore_o wherever_o the_o hold_n appear_v not_o or_o be_v unclear_a there_o ward-holding_a be_v understand_v it_o be_v ordinary_o express_v by_o render_v service_n use_v and_o wont_a and_o if_o the_o reddendo_fw-la be_v not_o express_v in_o name_n of_o blensh_fw-mi or_o feu_fw-fr ferm_n though_o it_o bear_v payment_n of_o some_o duty_n yet_o ward_n be_v infer_v as_o by_o a_o charter_n bear_v sex_n dinarios_fw-la nomine_fw-la cana_fw-la with_o a_o tax_v marriage_n so_o also_o it_o be_v infer_v by_o a_o reddendo_fw-la bear_v a_o particular_a duty_n payable_a at_o whitsunday_n and_o martimass_n cum_fw-la servitiis_fw-la in_o curiis_fw-la nostris_fw-la &_o alibi_fw-la debitis_fw-la &_o consuetis_fw-la hope_n de_fw-fr feudi_fw-la renovatione_fw-la williamson_n contra_fw-la thomson_n the_o main_a importance_n of_o a_o ward-holding_a be_v indefinite_a service_n to_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o vassal_n to_o his_o superior_a and_o especial_o in_o war_n but_o that_o be_v now_o little_a in_o use_n the_o main_a effect_n of_o it_o be_v the_o ward_n and_o marriage_n of_o the_o vassal_n of_o which_o hereafter_o 32._o ward_n land_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o proper_a feudal_n right_n may_v not_o be_v alienat_fw-la by_o the_o vassal_n grant_v any_o subaltern_a infeftment_n thereof_o otherways_o not_o only_o the_o subaltern_a infeftment_n be_v void_a but_o the_o vassal_n grant_a thereof_o his_o own_o infeftment_n become_v void_a by_o recognition_n yet_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1457._o cap._n 72._o all_o feus_n to_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n prelate_n baron_n or_o freeholders_n be_v allow_v and_o declare_v not_o to_o fall_v in_o ward_n as_o be_v but_o heritable_a assedation_n as_o the_o act_n bear_v pay_v to_o the_o superior_a during_o the_o ward_n the_o feu-duty_n provide_v the_o land_n be_v set_v to_o a_o competent_a avail_n without_o prejudice_n to_o the_o king_n which_o be_v ordinary_o interpret_v to_o be_v the_o retoured_a duty_n the_o same_o be_v repeat_v par._n 1503._o cap._n 91._o and_o extend_v not_o only_o to_o subaltern_a infeftment_n feu_n but_o also_o of_o annualrent_n so_o that_o it_o be_v without_o diminution_n of_o the_o rental_a which_o in_o land_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n by_o secular_a man_n be_v the_o retoured_a mail_n and_o in_o the_o king_n property_n and_o in_o kirk-land_n be_v the_o full_a rental_a they_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o subaltern_a infeftment_n which_o therefore_o the_o feus_n may_n not_o diminish_v and_o the_o annualrent_n may_v not_o be_v so_o great_a as_o to_o exhaust_v the_o land_n that_o the_o rental_a remain_v not_o free_a this_o last_o act_n be_v temporal_a for_o that_o king_n life_n and_o therefore_o the_o extension_n as_o to_o annualrent_n cease_v though_o the_o first_o act_n express_v that_o the_o king_n will_v ratify_v all_o feus_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n immediate_a vassal_n yet_o the_o act_n bear_v that_o the_o king_n thereby_o will_v give_v good_a example_n to_o the_o rest_n viz._n to_o other_o superior_n and_o therefore_o a_o feu_n of_o ward-land_n grant_v by_o a_o vassal_n hold_v ward_n of_o a_o subject_a before_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1606._o be_v find_v valid_a though_o without_o the_o superior_n consent_n june_n 24._o 1668._o stuart_n of_o torrence_n contra_fw-la fevar_n of_o ernock_n this_o privilege_n be_v take_v away_o as_o to_o all_o superior_n and_o their_o vassal_n except_o the_o vassal_n of_o the_o king_n who_o only_o may_v grant_v subaltern_a infeftment_n of_o their_o ward_n land_n par._n 1606._o cap._n 12._o whereby_o all_o such_o subaltern_a infeftment_n of_o their_o ward-land_n be_v declare_v null_n by_o exception_n or_o reply_n unless_o the_o superior_n consent_v be_v obtain_v and_o therefore_o the_o superior_n consent_v in_o the_o disposition_n by_o a_o vassal_n to_o a_o sub-vassal_n be_v find_v to_o exclude_v the_o vassal_n ward_n so_o far_o as_o concern_v the_o sub-vassal_n though_o it_o be_v a_o redeemable_a feu_fw-fr july_n 2._o 1672._o earl_n of_o eglintoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o greenock_n the_o same_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o vassal_n of_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n who_o be_v thereby_o also_o exclude_v from_o set_v of_o feus_n of_o ward-land_n to_o sub-vassal_n par._n 1633._o cap._n 16._o but_o the_o vassal_n of_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n be_v restore_v to_o their_o former_a privilege_n and_o the_o say_a act_n 1633._o whole_o repeal_v parliament_n 1641._o cap._n 58._o which_o now_o be_v rescind_v par._n 1661._o cap._n 15._o yet_o the_o land_n set_v in_o feu_n during_o the_o time_n of_o these_o several_a act_n now_o repeal_v be_v valid_a so_o ward-land_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n may_v not_o be_v set_v in_o feu_n nor_o of_o any_o other_o superior_n except_o bishop_n and_o their_o chapter_n for_o these_o may_v set_v feus_n for_o a_o feu-duty_n equivalent_a to_o the_o retour_fw-fr par._n 1621._o cap._n 9_o but_o this_o act_n be_v only_o temporary_a for_o three_o year_n and_o therefore_o subaltern_a infeftment_n grant_v by_o vassal_n if_o of_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o ward-land_n infer_v recognition_n thereof_o
alter_v the_o succession_n without_o a_o necessary_a or_o just_a consideration_n and_o so_o do_v exclude_v deed_n fraudulent_a or_o mere_o gratuitous_a which_o may_v evacuat_v the_o effect_n as_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n so_o that_o if_o there_o be_v heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n and_o also_o heir_n of_o another_o marriage_n the_o father_n can_v not_o alter_v the_o succession_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o heir_n of_o another_o marriage_n because_o of_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o wife_n and_o the_o tocher_n she-brings_a but_o it_o do_v not_o hinder_v the_o father_n to_o give_v competent_a portion_n to_o the_o bairn_n of_o another_o marriage_n june_n 19_o 1677._o murrays_n contra_fw-la murrays_n neither_o do_v such_o a_o clause_n of_o conquest_n during_o the_o marriage_n exclude_v a_o competent_a liferent_a constitute_v to_o wife_n of_o a_o subsequent_a marriage_n albeit_o there_o be_v bairn_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n june_n 16._o 1676._o katherine_n mitehel_n contra_fw-la child_n of_o thomas_n littlujohn_n yet_o where_o there_o survive_v no_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n a_o provision_n in_o a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n that_o such_o a_o sum_n the_o future_a spouse_n than_o have_v and_o all_o they_o shall_v acquire_v during_o the_o marriage_n shall_v be_v take_v to_o themselves_o in_o conjunct-fee_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n whilk_n failze_v the_o one_o half_a to_o the_o man_n heir_n and_o the_o other_o half_a to_o the_o woman_n heir_n find_v to_o constitute_v the_o man_n fire_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o that_o he_o may_v provide_v both_o the_o first_o stock_n and_o all_o the_o conquestro_n his_o child_n of_o a_o posterior_n marriage_n which_o be_v find_v no_o fraudulent_a 〈◊〉_d mere_o gratuitous_a deed_n december_n 1._o and_o 21._o 1680._o alexander_n anderson_n contra_fw-la androw_n bruce_n 42._o infeftment_n to_o more_o person_n subordinat_a be_v such_o as_o be_v take_v to_o parent_n and_o after_o their_o decease_n to_o such_o child_n and_o other_o person_n name_v whereby_o the_o parent_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v fire_n and_o not_o liferenter_fw-la and_o the_o child_n or_o other_o to_o be_v heir_n substitute_n albeit_o both_o the_o father_n and_o the_o bairn_n name_v be_v infeft_v july_n 23._o 1675._o laird_n of_o lambingtoun_n contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d of_o annistain_n but_o where_o the_o band_n do_v bear_v a_o sum_n lend_v by_o a_o father_n for_o himself_o and_o as_o administrator_n for_o his_o son_n and_o that_o the_o money_n be_v the_o son_n and_o payable_a to_o the_o father_n and_o after_o his_o decease_n to_o the_o son_n be_v find_v to_o constitute_v the_o son_n 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o father_n only_o life-rent_a february_n 14._o 1667._o campbel_n contra_fw-la constantine_n 43._o the_o three_o division_n of_o infeftment_n be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o succession_n and_o they_o be_v either_o simple_a or_o tailzy_v simple_a infeftment_n be_v these_o which_o be_v take_v to_o heir_n whatsoever_o for_o by_o that_o expression_n we_o express_v the_o lineal_a heir_n who_o according_a to_o law_n will_v succeed_v in_o any_o heritable_a right_n but_o tailzy_v infeftment_n be_v where_o the_o land_n be_v provide_v to_o any_o other_o than_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n as_o when_o it_o be_v provide_v to_o heir_n male_a or_o heir_n male_a of_o the_o fiar_n own_o body_n or_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o such_o a_o marriage_n or_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o titius_n whilk_n failze_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o seius_n etc._n etc._n of_o these_o tailzy_n there_o be_v many_o several_a way_n as_o the_o fire_n please_v to_o invent_v and_o ordinary_o in_o they_o all_o the_o last_o member_n or_o termination_n be_v the_o heir_n whatsoever_o of_o the_o last_o branch_n or_o person_n substitute_n or_o the_o disponer_n and_o when_o that_o take_v effect_n by_o succession_n the_o fee_n which_o before_o be_v tailzy_v become_v simple_a a_o tailzie_n must_v necessary_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o infeftment_n for_o no_o write_v apart_o can_v constitute_v a_o tailzie_n though_o bond_n or_o contract_n of_o tailzie_n as_o personal_a or_o incomplete_a right_n may_v force_v the_o contracter_n or_o his_o heir_n to_o perfect_v the_o same_o they_o must_v also_o be_v constitute_v by_o the_o superior_a be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o infeftment_n grant_v by_o he_o either_o original_o in_o the_o first_o constitution_n of_o the_o fee_n or_o thereafter_o by_o resignation_n or_o confirmation_n and_o as_o a_o superior_a be_v not_o oblige_v to_o alter_v the_o tenor_n of_o the_o first_o investiture_n or_o to_o accept_v a_o resignation_n or_o grant_v a_o confirmation_n in_o any_o case_n except_o where_o it_o be_v provide_v by_o law_n whereby_o he_o be_v necessitat_fw-la to_o receive_v appryzer_n and_o adjudger_n so_o neither_o in_o that_o case_n be_v he_o oblige_v to_o constitute_v a_o tailzie_n but_o only_o to_o receive_v the_o appryzer_n or_o the_o adjudger_n their_o heir_n whatsoever_o unless_o the_o debt_n and_o decreet_a whereupon_o the_o same_o proceed_v be_v conceive_v in_o favour_n of_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n in_o which_o case_n the_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n and_o infeftment_n thereupon_o must_v be_v conform_a unless_o it_o be_v otherways_o by_o consent_n of_o party_n tailzy_n also_o be_v constitute_v be_v break_v or_o change_v by_o consent_n of_o the_o superior_a accept_v resignation_n in_o favour_n of_o other_o heir_n whether_o the_o resigner_n resign_v in_o favour_n of_o himself_o or_o his_o heir_n whatsoever_o or_o in_o favour_n of_o any_o other_o and_o their_o heir_n but_o most_o ordinary_o by_o appryzing_n or_o adjudication_n whereby_o the_o superior_a be_v necessitat_fw-la to_o receive_v another_o vassal_n and_o his_o heir_n though_o perhaps_o he_o be_v substitute_n himself_o as_o a_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n as_o if_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o failze_v other_o heir_n there_o mention_v the_o fee_n return_n to_o himself_o but_o infeftment_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n have_v this_o privilege_n that_o they_o be_v not_o refuse_v either_o upon_o resignation_n or_o confirmation_n as_o the_o fire_n purchaser_n please_v yea_o it_o be_v declare_v by_o several_a 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o privy_a council_n that_o the_o king_n or_o his_o commissioner_n ought_v not_o to_o deny_v his_o confirmation_n upon_o the_o reasonable_a expense_n of_o the_o party_n which_o ordinance_n be_v repeat_v in_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o though_o the_o design_n thereof_o give_v not_o occasion_n to_o ratify_v the_o same_o yet_o they_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o narrative_a as_o motive_n of_o that_o statute_n and_o therefore_o be_v not_o derogat_n but_o rather_o approven_v parl._n 1578._o cap._n 66._o and_o though_o several_a king_n have_v revoke_v infeftment_n grant_v by_o they_o from_o heir_n of_o line_n to_o heir_n male_a and_o of_o tailzie_n yet_o the_o effect_n of_o such_o revocation_n have_v never_o be_v try_v by_o suit_n or_o decision_n conjunct-infeftments_a to_o husband_n and_o wife_n and_o their_o heir_n be_v also_o tailzy_v and_o though_o if_o the_o heir_n of_o that_o marriage_n be_v a_o son_n and_o of_o a_o first_o marriage_n he_o may_v be_v both_o heir_n of_o line_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n yet_o may_v he_o enter_v as_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n and_o if_o the_o defunct_a have_v other_o land_n provide_v to_o heir_n whatsoever_o he_o may_v renunce_v to_o be_v heir_n in_o these_o land_n to_o the_o effect_n they_o may_v be_v first_o burden_v with_o his_o father_n debt_n and_o he_o or_o his_o land_n provide_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n can_v be_v but_o burden_v in_o the_o second_o place_n in_fw-la subsidium_fw-la of_o what_o be_v want_v by_o the_o executor_n or_o heretage_n befalling_a to_o heir_n whatsoever_o much_o more_o be_v infeftment_n tailzy_v which_o be_v grant_v to_o husband_n and_o wife_n and_o to_o the_o bairn_n of_o the_o marriage_n whereby_o male_a and_o female_a come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la bond_n take_v to_o parent_n and_o after_o their_o decease_n to_o such_o a_o child_n nominatim_fw-la whereupon_o infeftment_n follow_v make_v a_o tailzy_v fee_n but_o these_o be_v rather_o call_v heir_n of_o provision_n and_o these_o be_v most_o proper_o call_v tailzy_v fee_n where_o several_a branch_n be_v special_o substitute_n one_o failze_v another_o but_o see_v heir_n of_o tailzie_n fall_n under_o consideration_n in_o the_o transmission_n of_o right_n by_o succession_n we_o shall_v insist_v no_o further_o thereon_o in_o this_o place_n but_o shall_v proceed_v to_o consider_v the_o clause_n which_o be_v adject_v in_o infeftment_n not_o be_v of_o the_o substantial_o or_o solemnity_n thereof_o and_o how_o far_o such_o come_v in_o as_o part_n of_o the_o real_a right_n affect_v singular_a successor_n and_o how_o far_o they_o be_v only_o personal_a affect_v alone_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o superior_a or_o vassal_n and_o last_o we_o shall_v consider_v the_o effect_n of_o infeftment_n themselves_o as_o to_o the_o first_o beside_o the_o
the_o first_o branch_n and_o therefore_o though_o there_o be_v no_o clause_n irritant_fw-la they_o may_v reduce_v alienation_n mere_o gratuitous_a or_o fraudulent_a especial_o when_o do_v not_o by_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n or_o heir_n male_a of_o he_o who_o constitute_v the_o tailzie_n for_o these_o be_v always_o in_o every_o tailzie_n in_o the_o first_o place_n and_o while_o the_o fee_n continue_v in_o they_o it_o be_v rather_o a_o simple_a fee_n then_o tailzy_v as_o it_o become_v again_o when_o all_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o tailzie_n fail_v the_o perpetuity_n of_o estate_n where_o they_o have_v be_v long_o accustom_v have_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d their_o inconvenience_n &_o therefore_o divice_n have_v be_v find_v out_o to_o 〈◊〉_d they_o ineffectual_a only_o the_o majoratus_fw-la of_o spain_n have_v be_v most_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d that_o the_o king_n nobilitate_v a_o person_n of_o merit_n and_o 〈◊〉_d either_o by_o the_o king_n gift_n or_o his_o own_o right_n that_o estate_n can_v neither_o be_v alienate_v or_o burden_v but_o remain_v alimentary_a for_o preservation_n of_o the_o dignity_n of_o that_o family_n but_o these_o perpetuity_n in_o england_n be_v now_o easy_o evacuat_a first_o by_o warrant_n to_o sell_v purchase_v in_o parliament_n which_o pass_v without_o much_o difficulty_n and_o if_o they_o become_v frequent_a with_o we_o it_o be_v like_a we_o will_v find_v the_o same_o remeid_v they_o be_v also_o evacuat_a by_o a_o simulat_fw-la action_n of_o fine_a and_o recovery_n whereby_o the_o purchaser_n pretend_v that_o he_o be_v unwarrantable_o dispossess_v of_o such_o land_n by_o the_o present_a fire_n who_o colude_v and_o be_v silent_a have_v receive_v a_o price_n or_o other_o consideration_n so_o that_o these_o sentence_n though_o collusive_a must_v be_v irrevocable_a in_o tailzy_n the_o heir_n male_a or_o heir_n of_o line_n of_o every_o branch_n be_v the_o issue_n of_o the_o stipes_n of_o that_o branch_n do_v succeed_v and_o therefore_o there_o be_v a_o good_a caution_n by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n that_o after_o the_o possibility_n of_o issue_n be_v extinct_a the_o present_a fire_n can_v do_v no_o more_o as_o to_o the_o fee_n but_o what_o a_o liferenter_fw-la can_v do_v the_o next_o branch_n be_v ordinary_o altogether_o stranger_n to_o that_o fire_n little_a care_n will_v be_v take_v to_o preserve_v the_o fee_n in_o the_o tailzie_n of_o stormount_n the_o whole_a estate_n be_v not_o comprehend_v and_o it_o be_v distinct_o provide_v that_o in_o case_n any_o of_o the_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n for_o the_o time_n shall_v contraveen_v that_o the_o right_n shall_v be_v divolve_v on_o that_o person_n who_o will_v succeed_v if_o the_o contraveen_a be_v dead_a but_o in_o such_o tailzy_n former_o it_o be_v not_o so_o clear_o order_v be_v only_o provide_v that_o the_o contraveen_a shall_v lose_v his_o right_n and_o the_o next_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n shall_v have_v place_n whereby_o it_o remain_v dubious_a whether_o the_o next_o branch_n of_o the_o tailzie_n be_v mean_v so_o that_o the_o contraveen_a lose_v his_o own_o interest_n and_o all_o descend_v of_o he_o or_o whether_o he_o lose_v the_o interest_n of_o all_o descend_v of_o that_o branch_n or_o whether_o he_o lose_v only_o his_o own_o personal_a interest_n wherein_o the_o design_n of_o the_o constituter_n of_o the_o tailzie_n may_v be_v dubious_a enough_o 59_o to_o sum_v up_o this_o important_a subject_n of_o tailzy_n let_v we_o consider_v the_o effect_n thereof_o according_a to_o the_o several_a ordinary_a tenor_n of_o the_o same_o and_o how_o far_o the_o fire_n or_o his_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n be_v bind_v up_o thereby_o we_o must_v then_o distinguish_v betwixt_o tailzy_n have_v clause_n not_o to_o alter_v burden_n or_o alienat_fw-la and_o these_o that_o be_v simple_a without_o any_o express_a restrictive_a clause_n second_o betwixt_o tailzy_n make_v free_o and_o these_o that_o be_v make_v for_o onerous_a cause_n three_o betwixt_o these_o that_o have_v clause_n resolutive_a or_o irritant_fw-la and_o these_o that_o have_v only_o such_o clause_n by_o way_n of_o obligation_n provision_n or_o condition_n as_o to_o the_o first_o case_n it_o be_v a_o general_a rule_n that_o cuique_fw-la est_fw-la rei_fw-la suae_fw-la moderator_n &_o arbyter_n every_o man_n may_v dispose_v of_o his_o own_o at_o his_o pleasure_n either_o to_o take_v effect_n in_o his_o life_n or_o after_o his_o death_n and_o so_o may_v provide_v his_o land_n to_o what_o heir_n he_o please_v and_o may_v change_v the_o succession_n as_o oft_o as_o he_o will_v which_o will_v be_v complete_v by_o resigning_n from_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n in_o the_o fee_n in_o favour_n of_o himself_o and_o such_o other_o heir_n as_o he_o please_v to_o name_n in_o the_o procuratory_n whereupon_o resignation_n be_v accept_v by_o a_o superior_a and_o new_a infeftment_n grant_v according_o the_o succession_n be_v effectual_o alter_v yea_o any_o obligement_n to_o take_v his_o land_n so_o hold_v will_v oblige_v the_o former_a heir_n to_o enter_v and_o to_o denude_v themselves_o for_o implement_n of_o that_o obligement_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o heir_n therein_o express_v and_o if_o the_o superior_a refuse_n to_o accept_v the_o resignation_n alter_v the_o succession_n a_o bond_n of_o borrow_a money_n though_o grant_v only_o upon_o design_n to_o alter_v the_o succession_n will_v be_v the_o ground_n of_o adjudication_n of_o the_o land_n and_o be_v assign_v to_o the_o fire_n himself_o and_o to_o such_o heir_n as_o he_o please_v the_o superior_a will_v be_v force_v to_o receive_v he_o according_o so_o that_o the_o first_o constituter_n of_o a_o tailzie_n or_o any_o heir_n succeed_v to_o he_o may_v change_v it_o at_o their_o pleasure_n unless_o the_o tailzie_n be_v for_o a_o onerous_a cause_n as_o when_o tailzy_n be_v mutual_a than_o the_o first_o constitutor_n of_o the_o mutual_a tailzy_n can_v alter_v the_o same_o although_o their_o debt_n may_v affect_v the_o same_o yet_o no_o fraudulent_a or_o gratuitous_a deed_n can_v alter_v or_o evacuat_v such_o tailzy_n and_o therefore_o a_o mutual_a contract_n betwixt_o two_o brethren_n obliege_v they_o that_o what_o land_n they_o shall_v succeed_v to_o or_o acquire_v shall_v be_v take_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n whilk_n failze_v to_o the_o brother_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n etc._n etc._n though_o thereafter_o either_o brother_n take_v their_o land_n otherways_o to_o their_o heir_n whatsoever_o whereby_o sister_n have_v succeed_v to_o one_o of_o these_o brother_n they_o be_v decern_v to_o denude_v themselves_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o other_o brother_n january_n 14._o 1631._o mr._n john_n sharp_n contra_fw-la helen_n sharp_n but_o if_o the_o cause_n onerous_a be_v of_o less_o import_n then_o to_o grant_v and_o continue_v a_o tailzie_n it_o will_v import_v no_o more_o than_o once_o perfect_v the_o infeftment_n by_o such_o a_o tailzie_n whereby_o the_o hope_n of_o succession_n arise_v to_o these_o party_n in_o who_o favour_n the_o fire_n be_v oblige_v to_o take_v the_o tailzy_n but_o he_o be_v not_o find_v oblige_v to_o continue_v the_o same_o but_o that_o he_o may_v alter_v it_o thereafter_o without_o refound_v the_o money_n he_o get_v for_o grant_v it_o be_v but_o of_o that_o value_n as_o be_v equal_a only_o to_o the_o hope_n of_o succession_n which_o behove_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o alteration_n sine_fw-la dolo_fw-la july_n 15._o 1636._o mr._n david_n drummond_n contra_fw-la drummond_n heir_n of_o provision_n by_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v in_o part_n overous_a be_v grant_v for_o a_o tocher_n and_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o wife_n concern_v therefore_o they_o can_v be_v alter_v by_o the_o husband_n at_o his_o pleasure_n but_o do_v exclude_v all_o fraudulent_a or_o mere_o gratuitous_a alteration_n as_o have_v be_v show_v section_n forty_o three_o but_o if_o there_o bean_n express_v obligement_n not_o to_o alter_v the_o tailzie_n albeit_o that_o will_v not_o give_v title_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o blood_n of_o the_o present_a fire_n to_o quarrel_v his_o deed_n or_o alteration_n yet_o it_o will_v give_v interest_n to_o any_o other_o branch_n of_o the_o tailzie_n whether_o to_o the_o person_n nominat_fw-la or_o his_o heir_n to_o quarrel_v and_o reduce_v such_o alteration_n though_o it_o will_v not_o exclude_v alteration_n by_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n for_o debt_n true_o borrow_v by_o the_o fire_n and_o therefore_o a_o tailzie_n of_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n lend_v in_o their_o term_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o creditor_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n whilk_n fail_v to_o the_o father_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o hsi_a body_n whilk_n fail_v to_o a_o person_n name_v and_o his_o heir_n and_o assigney_n whatsoever_o with_o a_o provision_n that_o the_o creditor_n and_o his_o heir_n shall_v do_v no_o deed_n hurtful_a to_o the_o tailzie_n nor_o the_o debtor_n shall_v not_o pay_v without_o consent_n of_o the_o heir_n
of_o the_o statute_n be_v to_o satisfy_v creditor_n by_o a_o judicial_a alienation_n of_o the_o debtor_n land_n ex_fw-la paritate_fw-la rationis_fw-la it_o be_v extend_v against_o the_o debtor_n appearand_a heir_n who_o be_v charge_v to_o enter_z heir_n do_v not_o enter_v and_o therefore_o land_n be_v adjudge_v from_o he_o to_o which_o he_o may_v have_v enter_v either_o for_o his_o predecessor_n debt_n or_o his_o own_o whereupon_o the_o superior_a be_v discern_v to_o receive_v the_o creditor_n adjudger_n whether_o for_o sum_n of_o money_n or_o for_o implement_n of_o disposition_n and_o obliegement_n to_o infeft_a but_o the_o custom_n allow_v not_o a_o year_n rend_v to_o superior_n for_o receive_v adjudger_n till_o the_o year_n rend_v be_v also_o extend_v to_o adjudication_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n decem._n 3._o 1669._o the_o lord_n of_o session_n have_v always_o take_v latitude_n in_o the_o modification_n of_o the_o year_n rend_v especial_o if_o the_o sum_n apprise_v or_o adjudge_v for_o be_v small_a and_o the_o land_n he_o great_a and_o they_o have_v allow_v the_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n his_o option_n during_o the_o legal_a to_o take_v infeftment_n or_o not_o and_o yet_o not_o to_o be_v exclude_v from_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n till_o he_o be_v satisfy_v decem._n 3._o 1672._o mr._n hendry_n hay_o contra_fw-la laird_n of_o farlstoun_n vide_fw-la tit._n 13._o §_o 29._o but_o the_o appryzer_n run_v that_o hazard_n that_o if_o the_o debtor_n die_v before_o he_o be_v satisfy_v if_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v ward_n it_o will_v fall_v in_o ward_n and_o relief_n by_o the_o debtor_n death_n and_o in_o nonentry_n for_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n that_o the_o casualty_n of_o the_o superiority_n shall_v neither_o fall_v by_o the_o appryzer_n nor_o by_o the_o debtor_n there_o be_v not_o the_o like_a reason_n that_o the_o liferent-escheat_n of_o the_o debtor_n shall_v exclude_v the_o appryzer_n if_o it_o fall_v after_o the_o apprize_a and_o charge_n for_o the_o liferent-escheat_n fall_v to_o the_o superior_a with_o all_o the_o burden_n which_o affect_v it_o by_o the_o vassal_n even_o with_o the_o burden_n of_o his_o tack_n and_o therefore_o apprize_a with_o a_o charge_n way_n be_v as_o effectual_a as_o these_o july_n 24._o 1632._o james_n rule_n con_fw-mi laird_n of_o billie_n the_o superior_a can_v have_v only_o one_o year_n rent_n from_o all_o the_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n but_o now_o since_o appryzer_n and_o adjudger_n within_o year_n and_o day_n come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la where_o one_o need_v only_o to_o be_v infeft_v or_o to_o charge_n there_o be_v less_o reason_n to_o give_v a_o easy_a modification_n of_o the_o year_n rend_v to_o the_o first_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n insist_v for_o infeftment_n then_o before_o because_o one_o infeftment_n serve_v for_o all_o and_o he_o who_o advance_v the_o same_o get_v relief_n of_o the_o rest_n before_o they_o have_v access_n to_o the_o rent_n 33._o the_o prime_a casulity_n of_o fee_n be_v ward_n which_o be_v not_o competent_a to_o all_o superior_n ward_n be_v only_o competent_a in_o fee_n hold_v in_o military_a service_n which_o have_v their_o denomination_n from_o this_o casuality_n be_v therefore_o call_v ward-holdings_a and_o that_o not_o by_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o investiture_n which_o seldom_o mention_v ward_n but_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o for_o when_o the_o fee_n be_v holdeu_o for_o military_a service_n or_o as_o the_o english_a better_a express_v by_o knight_n service_n extend_v not_o only_a to_o follow_v in_o war_n but_o to_o council_n and_o assistance_n in_o peace_n then_o when_o the_o vassal_n be_v unfit_a for_o such_o service_n the_o fee_n be_v open_a and_o remain_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o donatar_n and_o though_o this_o capacity_n may_v be_v in_o some_o soon_o yet_o it_o be_v fix_v in_o man_n to_o their_o majority_n at_o twenty_o one_o year_n complete_a and_o in_o woman_n till_o they_o become_v fourteen_o year_n complete_a for_o than_o they_o be_v capable_a of_o husband_n who_o may_v do_v the_o service_n require_v in_o the_o fee_n decem._n 20._o 1609._o and_o jan._n 27._o 1610._o lady_n kilbirnie_n contra_fw-la the_o heir_n of_o fairlie_n what_o fee_n be_v hold_v ward_n we_o have_v clear_v in_o the_o former_a title_n it_o now_o remain_v that_o we_o hold_v forth_o the_o effect_n of_o this_o casuality_n 24._o ward_n reach_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o person_n and_o of_o his_o land_n hold_v ward_n it_o have_v its_o denomination_n rather_o from_o the_o former_a for_o ward_n be_v as_o much_o as_o guard_n or_o custody_n the_o superior_a or_o his_o donatar_n be_v by_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o right_n as_o a_o tutor_n to_o the_o vassal_n heir_n craig_n observe_v that_o he_o be_v preserable_a to_o all_o other_o tutor_n except_o only_o the_o father_n of_o the_o heir_n who_o fee_n descend_v by_o the_o mother_n or_o some_o other_o person_n and_o that_o he_o be_v oblige_v as_o other_o tutor_n to_o pursue_v the_o right_n of_o the_o heir_n but_o the_o course_n of_o time_n have_v turn_v this_o right_n from_o its_o ancient_a institution_n so_o that_o the_o superior_a have_v less_o enjoyment_n of_o service_n but_o more_o of_o profit_n of_o the_o fee_n there_o be_v the_o less_o regard_n to_o the_o pupil_n education_n with_o or_o by_o the_o superior_a to_o the_o effect_n he_o may_v be_v fit_v for_o his_o service_n and_o therefore_o other_o tutor_n not_o only_o for_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o pupilsmean_n but_o even_o for_o the_o custody_n and_o education_n of_o his_o person_n will_v be_v prefer_v though_o of_o old_a the_o donatar_n of_o the_o ward_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o tutor_n in_o custody_n of_o the_o pupil_n person_n sinclar_n june_n 15._o 1543._o laird_n auchname_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o elphinstoun_n ledingtoun_n march_n 16._o 1565._o and_o july_n 12._o 1566._o weir_n contra_fw-la lochart_n yet_o late_a decision_n have_v favour_v tutor_n more_o and_o prefer_v they_o nicol._n ubi_fw-la pupuli_fw-la educari_fw-la mr._n james_n chalmers_n contra_fw-la elizabeth_n howstoun_n lady_n gadgirth_n neither_o have_v i_o ever_o observe_v that_o superior_n or_o their_o donatar_n be_v make_v liable_a as_o tutor_n for_o administration_n of_o their_o pupil_n affair_n 35._o the_o main_a effect_n of_o ward_n than_o be_v that_o thereby_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o donatar_n have_v during_o that_o time_n the_o full_a fruit_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o fee_n and_o may_v remove_v tenant_n and_o do_v all_o other_o deed_n that_o the_o proprietar_n may_v have_v do_v and_o be_v accustom_v to_o do_v as_o to_o continue_v the_o profit_n of_o a_o wood_n if_o there_o be_v constant_a cut_n as_o be_v divide_v in_o so_o many_o hag_n that_o the_o first_o be_v ready_a by_o the_o last_o be_v cut_v or_o go_v heugh_n as_o they_o be_v accustom_v by_o the_o vassal_n but_o he_o cannor_n cut_v more_o than_o the_o accustom_a yearly_a hag_n of_o wood_n or_o put_v in_o more_o coalzier_n than_o the_o vassal_n have_v at_o his_o death_n and_o ordinary_o before_o and_o he_o may_v remove_v and_o in_o put_v tenant_n and_o that_o without_o any_o precede_a declarator_n or_o favourable_a account_n esteem_v the_o retour_fw-fr mail_n for_o the_o rent_n as_o in_o nonentry_n but_o he_o may_v immediate_o pursue_v action_n for_o mail_n and_o duty_n remove_v etc._n etc._n unless_o the_o ward_n be_v tax_v and_o then_o the_o superior_a can_v have_v no_o more_o than_o the_o duty_n to_o which_o it_o be_v tax_v but_o for_o it_o he_o have_v not_o only_o the_o vassal_n and_o all_o intromettor_n with_o the_o fruit_n personal_o but_o he_o may_v also_o poynd_v the_o ground_n for_o the_o tax_v duty_n as_o craig_n affirm_v in_o this_o title_n 36._o yet_o the_o reach_n of_o the_o ward_n by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o fee_n can_v extend_v to_o alienation_n or_o consumption_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o fee_n or_o any_o part_n or_o pertinent_a thereof_o and_o this_o be_v clear_v by_o the_o statute_n parliament_n 1491._o cap._n 25._o whereby_o donatar_n must_v find_v caution_n not_o to_o destroy_v the_o biggings_n wood_n stank_n park_n meadow_n or_o dovecoat_n but_o to_o keep_v they_o in_o such_o kind_a as_o they_o get_v they_o ward_n be_v also_o restrain_v by_o the_o statute_n confirm_v feve_n of_o which_o former_o and_o these_o stand_v valid_a against_o the_o superior_a during_o the_o ward_n so_o do_v also_o all_o infeftment_n hold_v of_o he_o either_o by_o resignation_n or_o confirmation_n but_o not_o infeftment_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o his_o vassal_n unless_o confirm_v by_o he_o for_o albeit_o confirmation_n by_o the_o king_n which_o pass_v of_o course_n do_v not_o take_v away_o the_o casualty_n of_o ward_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o king_n vassal_n which_o affect_v the_o fee_n of_o the_o sub-vassal_n yet_o the_o confirmation_n of_o other_o superior_n of_o sub-vassal_n
order_n of_o redemption_n be_v lawful_o use_v the_o action_n thereupon_o be_v a_o declarator_n of_o redemption_n because_o it_o be_v the_o order_n that_o constitute_v the_o redemption_n and_o the_o declarator_n but_o find_v and_o declare_v it_o to_o be_v orderly_o proceed_v and_o decern-the_a wodsetter_n to_o denud_n himself_o conform_v thereto_o and_o therefore_o though_o the_o reversion_n be_v personal_a exclude_v assigney_n if_o that_o person_n once_o use_v the_o order_n he_o may_v assign_v it_o and_o dispone_n the_o land_n as_o redeem_v and_o the_o assignee_n at_o any_o time_n even_o after_o his_o death_n will_v have_v interest_n to_o declare_v july_n 29._o 1623._o earl_n marischal_n contra_fw-la his_o brother_n march_n 3._o 1630._o murray_n contra_fw-la myl_n july_n 30._o 1650._o campbel_n contra_fw-la dick._n declarator_n of_o redemption_n be_v sustain_v upon_o a_o order_n use_v against_o a_o defunct_a and_o the_o declarator_n pursue_v against_o his_o appearand_a heir_n without_o a_o charge_n to_o enter_v heir_n or_o a_o new_a order_n december_n 11._o 1638_o findlayson_n contra_fw-la weims_n but_o in_o the_o decreet_a of_o declarator_n of_o redemption_n against_o the_o appearand_a heir_n they_o can_v be_v decern_v to_o denude_v unless_o they_o be_v charge_v to_o enter_v heir_n yet_o the_o declarator_n itself_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o extinguish_v the_o wodset_n against_o singular_a successor_n but_o it_o will_v not_o convey_v the_o right_n of_o wodset_n to_o the_o redeemer_n and_o therefore_o if_o he_o be_v not_o infeft_v or_o heir_n to_o a_o person_n infeft_v in_o the_o wodset_a land_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o charge_v the_o appearand_a heir_n to_o enter_v to_o the_o effect_n he_o may_v denude_v and_o dispone_v and_o therefore_o a_o declarator_n of_o redemption_n against_o a_o appearand_a heir_n do_v bear_v that_o the_o sum_n shall_v not_o be_v give_v up_o till_o the_o appearand_a heir_n be_v infeft_v and_o resigned_n january_n 10._o 1665._o campbel_n contra_fw-la brison_n it_o be_v also_o sustain_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o appryzer_n of_o the_o reversion_n without_o call_v he_o from_o who_o it_o be_v apprise_v but_o only_o the_o wodsetter_n december_n 17._o 1629._o carnousie_n contra_fw-la lesmore_n in_o respect_n that_o the_o apprize_a be_v a_o legal_a assignation_n of_o the_o right_n of_o reversion_n grant_v by_o the_o wodsetters_n author_n and_o there_o have_v be_v no_o interveen_v singular_a successor_n but_o in_o redemption_n against_o singular_a successor_n in_o wodsetts_n who_o right_n do_v not_o instruct_v that_o they_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o reversion_n the_o pursuer_fw-mi must_v instruct_v that_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o reversion_n stand_v infeft_v in_o fee_n otherways_o that_o singular_a successor_n will_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o reversion_n and_o because_o the_o successor_n of_o the_o first_o wodsetter_n will_v have_v warrandice_n against_o the_o first_o wodsetter_n or_o his_o heir_n if_o they_o have_v dispone_v the_o land_n without_o reserve_v the_o reversion_n therefore_o in_o that_o case_n only_o the_o first_o wodsetter_n or_o his_o heir_n if_o he_o can_v be_v condescend_v upon_o have_v any_o visible_a estate_n have_v be_v of_o old_a accustom_a to_o be_v call_v which_o be_v not_o necessary_a in_o other_o case_n and_o have_v be_v the_o ground_n of_o that_o decision_n july_n 9_o 1630._o fisher_n contra_fw-la brown_n where_o it_o be_v find_v necessary_a to_o call_v the_o heir_n of_o the_o grant_a of_o reversion_n if_o the_o defender_n can_v condescend_v upon_o they_o for_o the_o ancient_a custom_n have_v be_v to_o have_v more_o respect_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o reversion_n then_o to_o the_o singular_a successor_n present_a possessor_n of_o the_o wodset_n as_o craig_n observe_v l._n 2._o dieges_fw-fr 6._o that_o sometime_o redemption_n have_v be_v sustain_v upon_o premonition_n and_o citation_n only_o of_o he_o who_o grant_v the_o reversion_n or_o his_o heir_n but_o ever_o since_o the_o present_a heritable_a possessor_n of_o the_o wodset_n must_v necessary_o be_v premonish_v and_o cite_v and_o but_o seldom_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o reversion_n or_o his_o heir_n as_o where_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o reversion_n be_v immediate_a author_n to_o the_o singular_a successor_n against_o who_o the_o order_n be_v use_v as_o in_o the_o former_a case_n his_o own_o right_n behove_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o right_n of_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o reversion_n who_o be_v common_a author_n and_o may_v intimate_v the_o plea_n to_o he_o but_o can_v not_o be_v oblige_v so_o to_o do_v where_o his_o own_o right_n show_v no_o right_n from_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o reversion_n a_o redemption_n be_v voluntary_a without_o process_n be_v sustain_v against_o a_o sub-wodsetters_a right_n be_v a_o liserent_a by_o the_o wodsetter_n to_o his_o wife_n albeit_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d yet_o the_o redeemer_n be_v not_o find_v oblige_v to_o know_v it_o but_o it_o be_v find_v take_v away_o without_o any_o order_n against_o she_o or_o citation_n of_o she_o july_n 27._o 1665._o lillias_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la her_o tenant_n redemption_n upon_o a_o rose-noble_n use_v upon_o the_o sabbath-day_n albeit_o the_o instrument_n of_o consignation_n do_v not_o bear_v the_o reversion_n be_v show_v nor_o read_v be_v sustain_v spot_n redemption_n laird_n of_o newwark_n contra_fw-la his_o son_n but_o this_o will_v not_o be_v draw_v in_o example_n among_o stranger_n where_o the_o wodset_n be_v redeemable_a upon_o considerable_a sum_n for_o though_o consignation_n upon_o the_o sabbath-day_n by_o a_o father_n against_o his_o son_n be_v sustain_v 〈◊〉_d non_fw-la debet_fw-la sed_fw-la factum_fw-la valet_fw-la yet_o the_o wodsetter_n can_v be_v oblige_v to_o attend_v and_o perform_v the_o requisite_n of_o consignation_n by_o numeration_n of_o money_n perusal_n of_o write_v and_o subscribe_v a_o renunciation_n upon_o the_o sabbath-day_n redemption_n be_v sustainedwithout_n necessity_n to_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi to_o uplift_v the_o sum_n consign_v from_o the_o consignatar_n and_o re-produce_a they_o at_o the_o bar_n unless_o it_o be_v instruct_v he_o have_v take_v they_o up_o december_n 7._o 1631._o grierson_n contra_fw-la gordoun_n where_o the_o extract_n be_v supercee_v till_o the_o consignatar_n be_v charge_v summary_o upon_o letter_n grant_v upon_o the_o instrument_n of_o consignation_n to_o exhibit_v the_o consign_v money_n but_o no_o annualrent_n be_v find_v due_a after_o consignation_n a_o redemption_n be_v sustain_v without_o production_n of_o the_o reversion_n the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v a_o appryzer_n and_o prove_v that_o the_o reversion_n be_v in_o the_o defender_n own_o hand_n february_n 19_o 1662._o child_n of_o wolmet_n contra_fw-la mr._n mark_n k_fw-mi the_o like_a where_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v a_o singular_a successor_n february_n 17._o 1663._o colonel_n james_n montgomery_n contra_fw-la robert_n halybruntoun_n yea_o a_o order_n use_v by_o a_o assignee_n sustain_v though_o he_o show_v not_o his_o assignation_n till_o the_o process_n of_o declarator_n yet_o so_o as_o the_o wodsetter_n be_v not_o countable_a for_o the_o rent_n but_o from_o the_o production_n of_o the_o assignation_n february_n 19_o 1674._o lord_n borthwick_n contra_fw-la pringles_n yet_o redemption_n be_v not_o sustain_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o heir_n not_o be_v enter_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o order_n though_o enter_v before_o declarator_n january_n 19_o 1672._o lord_n lovat_n and_o kintail_v contra_fw-la lord_n mcdonald_n but_o if_o the_o redeemer_n uplift_v the_o consign_v money_n he_o must_v produce_v the_o same_o with_o the_o annualrent_n and_o will_v have_v right_a to_o the_o rent_n during_o that_o time_n hope_v confirmation_n baikie_n contra_fw-la december_n 8._o 1671._o forrest_n contra_fw-la brounlie_n november_n 29._o 1672._o duke_n of_o buckleugh_n contra_fw-la scot_n of_o thirlestain_n redemption_n be_v not_o eleided_a because_o the_o sum_n be_v consign_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o redeemer_n own_o servant_n and_o take_v up_o from_o he_o see_v it_o be_v offer_v at_o the_o bar_n and_o no_o special_a provision_n in_o the_o reversion_n anent_o the_o consignatar_n hope_v confirmation_n laird_n of_o drum_n contra_fw-la wishart_n the_o like_a though_o there_o be_v a_o instrument_n of_o another_o nottar_n contrary_a the_o order_n of_o redemption_n july_n 18._o 1610._o earl_n of_o kinghorn_n contra_fw-la kincaid_n 20._o the_o effect_n of_o declarator_n of_o redemption_n be_v that_o it_o make_v the_o redeem_a land_n belong_v to_o the_o redeemer_n and_o make_v the_o sum_n consign_v movable_a and_o to_o belong_v to_o the_o wodsetters_n executor_n if_o he_o have_v accept_v the_o consignation_n or_o declarator_n do_v follow_v in_o his_o life-time_n but_o if_o declarator_n do_v follow_v after_o the_o wodsetters_n death_n the_o consign_v sum_n will_v not_o belong_v to_o his_o executor_n but_o to_o his_o heir_n who_o remain_v propietar_n of_o the_o wodset_n but_o if_o declarator_n pass_v in_o the_o wodsetters_n life_n it_o do_v take_v
acquire_v by_o a_o just_a title_n though_o for_o a_o cause_n onerous_a and_o a_o equivalent_a price_n and_o by_o continuation_n of_o possession_n bona_fw-la fide_fw-la yet_o prescription_n take_v no_o effect_n because_o of_o the_o inherent_a vitiosity_n the_o like_a be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o rapine_n or_o violent_a possession_n yet_o the_o fruit_n and_o profit_n of_o such_o thing_n belong_v to_o the_o bonae_fw-la fidei_fw-la possessor_n rather_o by_o that_o right_n that_o follow_v possession_n bonae_fw-la fidei_fw-la of_o which_o former_o in_o the_o title_n real_a right_n then_o by_o prescription_n three_o it_o run_v not_o against_o pupil_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n though_o some_o think_v that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o their_o movable_n yet_o it_o run_v against_o other_o minor_n but_o they_o may_v be_v restore_v if_o they_o pursue_v for_o restitution_n in_o the_o time_n and_o manner_n prescribe_v in_o law_n 11._o to_o come_v now_o close_o to_o our_o law_n concern_v prescription_n our_o common_a rule_n of_o prescription_n be_v by_o the_o course_n of_o forty_o year_n both_o in_o movable_n and_o immovables_n obligation_n action_n act_n decreet_n and_o general_o all_o right_n as_o well_o against_o these_o absent_a as_o present_v we_o have_v not_o these_o difference_n which_o we_o have_v show_v be_v in_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o because_o our_o prescription_n be_v so_o long_o there_o be_v little_a question_n with_o we_o de_fw-fr bona_fw-la fide_fw-la but_o there_o must_v be_v continual_a possession_n free_a from_o interruption_n and_o in_o land_n and_o other_o fee_n a_o title_n of_o which_o hereafter_o 12._o by_o our_o ancient_a custom_n there_o be_v no_o place_n for_o prescription_n in_o any_o case_n which_o have_v be_v correct_v by_o our_o statute_n both_o as_o to_o long_a and_o short_a prescription_n first_o as_o to_o personal_a right_n in_o par._n 1469._o cap._n 28._o &_o par_fw-fr 1474._o c._n 54._o it_o be_v statute_n that_o as_o to_o all_o obligation_n that_o shall_v be_v pursue_v thereafter_o and_o that_o be_v not_o then_o depend_v in_o law_n before_o the_o make_n of_o that_o act_n that_o if_o the_o creditor_n do_v not_o follow_v or_o pursue_v the_o obligation_n within_o the_o space_n of_o forty_o year_n and_o take_v document_n thereupon_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v prescrive_v and_o of_o no_o avail_n which_o statute_n though_o it_o mention_v only_a obligation_n that_o be_v to_o say_v simple_a obligation_n be_v also_o extend_v to_o other_o as_o contract_n of_o marriage_n whereupon_o no_o marriage_n follow_v as_o may_v be_v infer_v argumenta_fw-la a_o contrario_fw-la from_o the_o decision_n february_n 26._o 1622._o sir_n george_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la lord_n sinclar_n and_o afterward_o it_o have_v be_v ordinary_o extend_v even_o to_o contract_n of_o marriage_n wherepon_n marriage_n follow_v november_n 27._o 1630._o lauder_n contra_fw-la colmiln_n december_n 23._o 1630._o ogilbie_n contra_fw-la lord_n ogilbie_n it_o be_v also_o extend_v to_o testament_n june_n 19_o 1627._o lundie_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o balgoum_n and_o be_v also_o extend_v to_o pursuite_n for_o tutor_n count_n hope_n prescription_n it_o be_v also_o extend_v to_o all_o decreet_n though_o in_o foro_fw-la contradictorio_fw-la and_o this_o ordain_v to_o stand_v as_o a_o constant_a practic_n july_n 26._o 1637._o laird_n of_o lawyer_n contra_fw-la dumbar_n 13._o prescription_n of_o forty_o yeay_n be_v find_v sufficient_a to_o constitute_v the_o right_n to_o a_o bell_n in_o a_o kirk-steeple_n against_o another_o kirk_n pursue_v therefore_o without_o instruct_v a_o title_n whereby_o they_o have_v the_o bell_n which_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o be_v instruct_v but_o be_v presume_v from_o possession_n in_o movable_n december_n 7._o 1633._o minister_n and_o session_n of_o aberchirdo_n contra_fw-la parochioner_n and_o kirk_n of_o chanrie_n 14._o prescription_n be_v odious_a the_o forty_o year_n be_v account_v the_o momento_n in_o momentum_fw-la so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o run_a but_o the_o complete_n of_o the_o forty_o year_n that_o make_v prescription_n and_o therefore_o a_o write_v blank_a in_o the_o month_n and_o day_n express_v the_o year_n be_v reckon_v from_o the_o last_o of_o december_n that_o year_n and_o because_o there_o be_v three_o quarter_n want_v of_o forty_o year_n before_o insist_v upon_o the_o pursuit_n thereupon_o it_o be_v sustain_v as_o not_o prescribe_v sep._n 23._o 1630._o ogilbie_n contra_fw-la lord_n ogilbie_n but_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o length_n of_o this_o prescription_n it_o be_v account_v ex_fw-la tempore_fw-la continuo_fw-la &_o non_fw-la utili_fw-la and_o so_o no_o abatement_n for_o the_o time_n of_o trouble_n or_o surcease_v of_o justice_n even_o in_o the_o case_n of_o mortification_n to_o beadman_n june_n 30._o 1671._o beadman_n of_o magdalen_n chapel_n contra_fw-la gavin_n drysdale_n after_o this_o statute_n there_o be_v no_o prescription_n of_o heritable_a and_o real_a right_n and_o therefore_o not_o of_o a_o decreet_a of_o poind_v the_o ground_n hope_v prescription_n sir_n george_n currier_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o louristoun_n only_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o no_o person_n shall_v be_v compel_v to_o produce_v procuratory_n or_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n precept_n of_o clare_v constat_fw-la or_o other_o precept_n of_o seasine_n of_o land_n or_o annualrent_n whereof_o the_o heretor_n and_o their_o author_n or_o liferenter_n have_v liferent_n reserve_v in_o their_o infeftment_n be_v in_o possession_n forty_o year_n together_o their_o charter_n make_v mention_n of_o the_o precept_n the_o want_v whereof_o shall_v make_v no_o reduction_n the_o charter_n and_o seasine_n be_v extant_a par._n 1594._o cap._n 214._o 15._o but_o prescription_n of_o forty_o year_n be_v introduce_v of_o all_o heritable_a and_o other_o right_n par._n 1617._o cap._n 12._o where_o the_o heretor_n their_o predecessor_n and_o author_n possess_v land_n annualrent_a or_o other_o heritage_n by_o themselves_o their_o tenant_n or_o other_o have_v their_o right_n as_o by_o liferenter_n for_o the_o space_n of_o forty_o year_n together_o follow_v the_o date_n of_o their_o infeftment_n without_o lawful_a interruption_n that_o such_o shall_v not_o be_v trouble_v pursue_v or_o unquiet_v by_o hismajesty_n and_o other_o superior_n &_o author_n their_o heir_n and_o successor_n uponany_n ground_n whatsoever_o except_o upon_o falsehood_n provide_v such_o heretor_n show_v a_o charter_n to_o they_o or_o their_o author_n precede_v the_o say_n forty_o year_n possession_n with_o the_o instrument_n of_o seasine_n follow_v thereupon_o or_o otherways_o instrument_n of_o seasine_n one_o or_o more_o continue_v and_o stand_v together_o for_o the_o say_a space_n of_o forty_o year_n either_o proceed_n upon_o retour_n or_o precept_n of_o clare_v constat_fw-la where_o by_o stand_v together_o it_o be_v not_o mean_v unreduce_v but_o that_o either_o the_o vassal_n live_v and_o brook_v by_o one_o seasine_n forty_o year_n or_o if_o he_o die_v that_o the_o seasine_a be_v renew_v to_o his_o heir_n and_o so_o continue_v not_o only_o the_o possession_n but_o the_o seasine_a forty_o year_n in_o which_o the_o continuation_n of_o seasine_n can_v be_v reckon_v de_fw-fr diein_fw-fr diem_fw-la because_o there_o must_v necessary_o be_v a_o interval_n betwixt_o the_o death_n of_o the_o person_n first_o cease_v and_o the_o service_n of_o the_o heir_n to_o who_o the_o law_n give_v annum_fw-la deliberandi_fw-la to_o consider_v whether_o the_o heretage_n will_v be_v beneficial_a or_o hurtful_a and_o according_o whether_o he_o will_v enter_v or_o not_o february_n 15._o 1671._o earl_n of_o argile_n contra_fw-la lord_n of_o mcnaughtoun_n and_o also_o all_o action_n upon_o heritable_a bond_n reversion_n contract_n or_o other_o whatsoever_o except_o reversion_n incorporat_a within_o the_o body_n of_o infeftment_n use_v by_o the_o heretor_n for_o their_o title_n or_o registrat_n in_o the_o register_n of_o reversion_n which_o general_a clause_n be_v find_v to_o extend_v to_o action_n of_o reduction_n of_o retour_n though_o if_o no_o other_o heir_n have_v be_v retour_v the_o right_a of_o blood_n prescrive_v not_o but_o any_o person_n may_v enter_v heir_n to_o his_o predecessor_n who_o die_v hundred_o of_o year_n before_o yet_o if_o any_o other_o be_v enter_v he_o can_v after_o forty_o year_n quarrel_n or_o reduce_v the_o same_o by_o the_o general_a act_n of_o prescription_n though_o the_o retour_fw-fr be_v anterior_a to_o the_o special_a act_n of_o prescription_n of_o retour_n par._n 1617._o cap._n 13._o whereby_o retour_n thereafter_o be_v irreducible_a if_o not_o quarrel_v within_o twenty_o year_n november_n 28._o 1665._o young_a contra_fw-la johnstoun_n in_o the_o former_a statute_n it_o be_v declare_v that_o action_n of_o warrandice_n shall_v not_o prescrive_v from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o bond_n or_o infeftment_n whereupon_o warrandice_n be_v seek_v but_o only_o from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o distress_n 16._o but_o this_o prescription_n be_v not_o to_o be_v extend_v against_o superior_n upon_o their_o vassal_n possession_n
of_o the_o debt_n arrest_v be_v prefer_v to_o a_o prior_n arrestment_n lay_v on_o before_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n upon_o the_o debt_n arrest_v july_n 5._o 1673_o birnie_n contra_fw-la mowat_n and_o crawfoord_n and_o a_o arrestment_n lay_v on_o verbal_o by_o a_o town_n officer_n be_v exclude_v by_o a_o posterior_n arrestment_n have_v a_o execution_n before_o witness_n albeit_o the_o verbal_a execution_n be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n july_n 19_o 1678._o warrock_n contra_fw-la brown_n and_o a_o first_o arrester_n be_v not_o exclude_v for_o want_v of_o diligence_n but_o be_v prefer_v to_o a_o posterior_n arrester_n who_o have_v bring_v his_o cause_n to_o be_v conclude_v at_o which_o time_n the_o prior_n arrester_n compear_v and_o produce_v a_o assignation_n after_o his_o arrestment_n from_o the_o common_a debtor_n whereby_o he_o need_v no_o further_a diligence_n july_n 19_o 1673._o birnie_n contra_fw-la crawford_n this_o 〈◊〉_d be_v find_v no_o voluntary_a gratification_n see_v it_o prefer_v the_o first_o legal_a diligence_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n a_o assignee_n by_o a_o bankrupt_a be_v prefer_v to_o a_o posterior_n arrester_n in_o respect_n the_o assignee_n have_v use_v the_o first_o diligence_n by_o horning_n before_o the_o arrestment_n novem._n 20._o 1677._o bishop_n of_o glasgow_n contra_fw-la nicolas_n and_o brown_n title_n xxiv_o disposition_n where_o of_o resignation_n in_o favorem_fw-la appryzing_n and_o adjudication_n of_o real_a right_n 1._o disposition_n of_o proper_o carry_v virtual_o all_o lesser_a right_n 2._o how_o superveening_a right_n belong_v to_o author_n belong_v to_o their_o singular_a successor_n 3._o disposition_n descrive_v 4._o how_o disposition_n be_v accomplish_v in_o equity_n 5._o how_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o other_o civil_a nation_n 6._o possession_n accomplish_v real_a right_n 7._o proper_o of_o movable_n be_v presume_v from_o possession_n 8._o resignation_n in_o favorem_fw-la 9_o disposition_n or_o assignation_n by_o these_o who_o have_v no_o right_n with_o consent_n of_o these_o who_o have_v right_o how_o far_o effectual_a 10._o procuratory_n or_o infeftment_n of_o resignation_n after_o forty_o year_n possession_n by_o charter_n need_v not_o be_v produce_v 11._o infeftment_n on_o resignation_n carry_v any_o lesser_a right_n in_o the_o disponer_n though_o not_o express_v 12._o the_o effect_n of_o resignation_n accept_v by_o the_o superior_a before_o infeftment_n follow_v thereon_o 13._o superior_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o receive_v the_o singular_a successor_n of_o of_o the_o vassal_n after_o infeftment_n expede_n though_o it_o bear_v to_o the_o vassal_n heir_n and_o assigney_n 14._o appryzing_n can_v only_o proceed_v on_o liquid_a sum_n 15._o appryzing_n reach_v all_o heritable_a right_n though_o not_o provide_v to_o assigney_n 16._o appryzing_n carry_v all_o personal_a right_n without_o intimation_n 17._o the_o rise_n of_o infeftment_n upon_o posterior_n appryzing_n 18._o infeftment_n may_v be_v obtain_v summary_o upon_o appryzing_n after_o the_o debtor_n death_n 19_o the_o effect_n of_o appryzing_n as_o to_o nonentry_n ward_n and_o liferent-escheat_n 20._o the_o denunciation_n whereupon_o apprize_a follow_v render_v the_o matter_n litigious_a and_o exclude_v posterior_n voluntary_a right_n 21._o competition_n of_o appryzing_n 22._o the_o effect_n of_o appryzing_n at_o the_o instance_n ofsuperiours_n against_o their_o own_o vassal_n 23._o the_o effect_n of_o appryzing_n as_o to_o remove_n mail_n and_o duty_n 24._o allowance_n of_o appryzing_n 25._o whether_o superior_n must_v receive_v appryzer_n not_o instruct_v their_o author_n right_o 26._o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o year_n rend_v due_a to_o superior_n for_o enter_v appryzer_n 27._o what_o course_n be_v competent_a against_o contumacious_a superior_n 28._o the_o legal_a reversion_n of_o appryzing_n 29._o appryzers_n may_v use_v other_o diligence_n for_o their_o payment_n though_o the_o apprizing_n be_v expire_v 30._o nullity_n of_o apprizing_n 31._o modification_n of_o exorbitant_a penalty_n in_o apprizing_n 32._o apprize_v sustain_v without_o a_o charge_n for_o the_o sum_n 33._o apprize_v sustain_v though_o the_o letter_n and_o execuiton_n be_v blank_a as_o to_o the_o land_n the_o messenger_n who_o denunce_v be_v judge_n to_o the_o apprize_n in_o which_o they_o be_v fill_v up_o which_o be_v a_o more_o solemn_a execution_n 34._o a_o apprize_v sustain_v without_o produce_v the_o letter_n of_o apprize_v be_v long_o before_o but_o the_o instruction_n of_o the_o debt_n be_v find_v necessary_a to_o be_v produce_v within_o prescription_n 35._o a_o apprize_v sustain_v though_o by_o dispensation_n at_o a_o private_a place_n and_o the_o court_n of_o apprize_v adjourn_v 36._o a_o apprize_n of_o right_n general_o prefer_v to_o a_o posterior_n apprize_v of_o the_o right_n in_o special_a be_v a_o annualrent_a 37._o apprizing_n become_v extinct_a by_o payment_n and_o the_o debtor_n right_o revive_v without_o new_a investiture_n 38._o in_o what_o case_n apprizer_n must_v possess_v and_o how_o they_o be_v countable_a 39_o what_o alteration_n in_o apprizing_n be_v introduce_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1661._o cap._n 62._o as_o to_o the_o endurance_n of_o the_o legal_a and_o come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la 40._o now_o apprizing_n come_v in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o debtor_n appearand_a heir_n be_v satisfiable_a from_o he_o or_o his_o trusty_n 41._o how_o apprizing_n against_o party_n charge_v to_o enter_v heir_n be_v redeemable_a 42._o legal_n run_v not_o against_o minor_n 43._o apprizer_n continue_v to_o possess_v after_o the_o legal_a can_v use_v no_o other_o diligence_n but_o the_o sum_n be_v thereby_o satisfy_v though_o a_o part_n of_o the_o land_n be_v evict_v the_o rest_n be_v worth_a the_o whole_a sum_n 44._o the_o rise_n of_o adjudication_n 45._o the_o form_n of_o adjudication_n on_o renunciation_n to_o be_v heir_n 46._o why_o adjudication_n pass_v at_o random_n and_o may_v now_o be_v put_v to_o instruct_v some_o interest_n in_o the_o debtor_n 47._o what_o right_n be_v affect_v with_o adjudication_n 48._o superior_n must_v receive_v adjudger_n pay_v a_o year_n rent_n unless_o they_o pay_v the_o creditor_n and_o then_o the_o superior_a will_v have_v no_o year_n rent_n 49._o how_o adjudication_n be_v redeemable_a 50._o adjudication_n may_v be_v for_o the_o appearand_a heir_n own_o debt_n 51._o how_o adjudication_n become_v extinct_a 52._o the_o form_n and_o effect_n of_o adjudication_n to_o perfect_a disposition_n 53._o the_o form_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o partial_a and_o total_a adjudication_n introduce_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 6._o of_o september_n 1672._o a_o disposition_n may_v and_o sometime_o do_v signify_v the_o alienation_n of_o any_o right_n whether_o real_a or_o personal_a so_o the_o stile_n and_o translation_n ordinary_o bear_v the_o assigney_n to_o transfer_v and_o dispone_v as_o assignation_n be_v sometime_o extend_v to_o the_o disposal_n of_o real_a right_n which_o be_v srequent_o provide_v not_o only_o to_o heir_n but_o to_o assigney_n yet_o these_o term_n be_v so_o appropriate_a and_o distinguish_v that_o a_o disposition_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o alienation_n of_o real_a right_n and_o assignation_n of_o personal_a right_n 1._o in_o both_o disposition_n and_o assignation_n the_o disponer_n or_o cedent_fw-la be_v call_v author_n and_o the_o acquirer_n be_v call_v the_o singular_a successor_n and_o in_o both_o this_o common_a brockard_n take_v place_n jus_o superveniens_fw-la authori_fw-la accrescit_fw-la successori_fw-la that_o be_v what_o ever_o right_o befall_v to_o the_o author_n after_o his_o disposition_n or_o assignation_n it_o accress_v to_o his_o successor_n to_o who_o he_o have_v before_o dispone_v as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v in_o his_o person_n when_o he_o dispone_v and_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v express_o dispone_v by_o he_o whence_o arise_v the_o distinction_n betwixt_o disposition_n and_o assignation_n express_v and_o implicit_a or_o tacit_n when_o the_o right_o be_v not_o express_o dispone_v but_o tacit_o or_o virtual_o as_o he_o who_o dispones_fw-la the_o property_n hoc_fw-la ipso_fw-la do_v tacit_o and_o virtual_o dispone_v any_o lesser_a right_n as_o a_o reversion_n servitude_n liferent_a though_o no_o particular_a mention_n be_v of_o these_o according_a to_o another_o rule_n of_o law_n majori_fw-la inest_fw-la minis_fw-la so_o airy_a person_n infeft_v in_o property_n and_o his_o seasine_a registrat_n will_v have_v right_a to_o a_o reversion_n if_o no_o more_o be_v in_o the_o disponers_n person_n albeit_o assignation_n to_o reversion_n require_v special_a solemnity_n as_o to_o be_v registrat_n in_o the_o register_n of_o reversion_n yet_o the_o registration_n of_o this_o seasine_a will_v be_v equivalent_a so_o a_o liferent_a right_n grant_v by_o he_o who_o have_v only_o right_a of_o tack_v be_v find_v to_o carry_v the_o right_n of_o that_o tack_v during_o the_o liferenters_n life_n hope_v liferent_n laird_n rossyth_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n the_o like_a of_o a_o back-tack_n ibid._n lady_n boyd_n contra_fw-la her_o tenant_n stuart_n
contra_fw-la fleming_n the_o like_a find_v of_o a_o liferent_a which_o carry_v the_o right_n of_o a_o reversion_n quo_fw-la ad_fw-la the_o liferenters_n life_n decem._n 5._o 1665._o beg_v contra_fw-la beg._n 2._o there_o be_v no_o question_n of_o this_o accression_n when_o the_o disponer_n disponeth_n for_o all_o right_n he_o have_v have_v or_o shall_v acquire_v which_o be_v a_o general_a assignation_n or_o disposition_n of_o any_o right_a superveen_n if_o the_o debate_n fall_v betwixt_o the_o disponer_n and_o successor_n there_o be_v also_o little_a question_n if_o the_o right_o dispone_v have_v express_v or_o employ_v absolute_a warrandice_n as_o be_v for_o a_o cause_n onerous_a in_o which_o case_n if_o the_o question_n be_v betwixt_o the_o disponer_n and_o successor_n he_o who_o dispone_v for_o a_o equivalent_a cause_n import_v his_o acknowledgement_n of_o have_v a_o absolute_a right_n can_v clothe_v himself_o with_o any_o posterior_n right_o which_o will_v infer_v warrandice_n against_o he_o if_o it_o be_v in_o another_o person_n and_o therefore_o that_o personal_a objection_n exclude_v he_o it_o be_v in_o his_o own_o person_n neither_o be_v it_o questionable_a that_o if_o the_o disposition_n or_o assignation_n be_v limit_v as_o be_v only_o to_o a_o particular_a title_n or_o general_o for_o any_o right_n the_o disponer_n have_v or_o bear_v warrandice_n from_o his_o own_o fact_n and_o deed_n then_o if_o he_o acquire_v a_o posterior_n right_o he_o may_v make_v use_n thereof_o against_o that_o person_n to_o who_o he_o dispone_v much_o more_o may_v any_o singular_a successor_n of_o he_o and_o therefore_o in_o the_o case_n decide_v july_n 19_o 1664._o betwixt_o dam_n elizabeth_n dowglas_n and_o sir_n robert_n sinclar_a her_o spouse_n contra_fw-la the_o laird_n of_o wedderburn_n anent_o the_o teind_n of_o kello_n and_o kimmergem_n whereof_o the_o earl_n of_o home_n common_a author_n give_v a_o tack_v to_o wedderburns_n predecessor_n with_o warrandice_n from_o his_o own_o deed_n and_o any_o right_n the_o earl_n then_o have_v be_v reduce_v he_o do_v thereafter_o acquire_v a_o new_a right_n from_o coldinghame_n and_o thereupon_o grant_v a_o right_n to_o william_n dowglas_n of_o eula_n to_o who_o the_o say_a dam_n elizabeth_n dowglas_n be_v heir_n which_o supperveen_v right_o be_v find_v not_o to_o accresce_fw-it to_o wedderburn_n to_o defend_v his_o tack_v see_v he_o have_v not_o absolute_a warrandice_n but_o from_o his_o own_o deed_n only_o but_o the_o main_a question_n be_v when_o the_o contraversie_n be_v not_o betwixt_o the_o author_n and_o the_o party_n to_o who_o he_o dispones_fw-la but_o betwixt_o the_o singular_a successor_n of_o that_o author_n and_o that_o party_n to_o who_o he_o have_v dispone_v before_o in_o which_o case_n the_o personal_a objection_n upon_o the_o warrandice_n have_v no_o place_n and_o ofttimes_o the_o right_a superveen_n require_v special_a solemnity_n and_o can_v be_v transmit_v without_o these_o as_o resignation_n confirmation_n seasine_n yet_o even_o in_o these_o case_n reason_n and_o the_o lord_n decision_n extend_v the_o rule_n so_o that_o the_o superveen_a right_n ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la accresces_fw-la without_o any_o new_a solemnity_n but_o if_o the_o necessary_a solemnity_n have_v precede_v when_o there_o be_v no_o right_a whensoever_o the_o right_a superveen_n it_o be_v draw_v back_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o former_a solemnity_n fictione_n juris_fw-la and_o so_o if_o a_o superior_a acquire_v the_o right_n of_o forefaultry_a of_o his_o superior_a the_o same_o ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la accresce_v to_o the_o sub-vassal_n and_o can_v be_v make_v use_n of_o against_o they_o spot_n conjunctfee_n malcolm_n crawford_n contra_fw-la mordistoun_n the_o like_a be_v find_v feb._n 15._o 16._o 1665._o boid_n of_o penkil_n contra_fw-la vassal_n of_o carsluth_n in_o which_o case_n the_o vassal_n be_v ordain_v to_o pay_v their_o share_n of_o the_o composition_n of_o a_o ward_n but_o where_o the_o superveen_a right_n befall_v to_o the_o author_n appearand_a heir_n and_o be_v by_o he_o dispone_v to_o another_o before_o he_o be_v enter_v heir_n in_o that_o case_n the_o author_n appearand_a heir_n obtain_v gift_n of_o the_o liferent-escheat_n of_o land_n dispone_v to_o vassal_n the_o say_v liferent_a be_v not_o find_v to_o accresce_fw-it to_o the_o vassal_n because_o the_o appearand_a heir_n be_v denude_v thereof_o in_o favour_n of_o another_o before_o he_o be_v heir_n july_n 5._o 1611._o james_n skeen_n contra_fw-la vassal_n of_o athol_n this_o rule_n be_v so_o far_o extend_v that_o a_o supervenient_a right_n by_o decreet_a of_o reduction_n and_o improbation_n acquire_v by_o swintown_n have_v right_o to_o the_o land_n of_o brimstoun_n be_v find_v to_o accresce_fw-it to_o the_o earl_n of_o lauderdail_n be_v restore_v july_n 13._o 1664._o earl_n of_o lauderdale_n contra_fw-la heretor_fw-la of_o wolmet_n but_o where_o a_o person_n have_v a_o disposition_n of_o land_n do_v inse_v another_o in_o liferent_a himself_n never_o be_v infeft_v do_v assign_v the_o disposition_n to_o a_o three_o party_n who_o be_v thereupon_o infeft_v that_o disposition_n be_v not_o find_v to_o accresce_fw-it to_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la because_o his_o author_n be_v never_o infeft_v thereupon_o june_n 29._o 1676._o james_n brown_n contra_fw-la smith_n it_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n that_o if_o a_o party_n grant_v infeftment_n before_o he_o be_v infeft_v himself_o and_o he_o thereafter_o infeft_v it_o accresce_v to_o that_o party_n who_o he_o infeft_v before_o if_o the_o question_n be_v betwixt_o they_o but_o i_o have_v not_o observe_v it_o direct_o decide_v quid_fw-la juris_fw-la in_o these_o 〈◊〉_d if_o a_o person_n not_o infeft_v do_v give_v right_o to_o two_o party_n and_o thereafter_o be_v infeft_v to_o which_o of_o the_o two_o his_o superveen_a infeftment_n will_n accresce_fw-it or_o if_o he_o infeft_v one_o when_o he_o be_v not_o infeft_v and_o thereafter_o another_o when_o he_o be_v infeft_v which_o of_o these_o will_v have_v right_a but_o it_o seem_v the_o first_o infeftment_n in_o both_o case_n will_v be_v prefer_v because_o she_o common_a author_n right_o accresce_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la yet_o if_o the_o common_a author_n infeftment_n proceed_v upon_o the_o diligence_n of_o any_o party_n it_o may_v seem_v the_o same_o will_v only_o accresce_fw-it to_o he_o who_o be_v the_o procurer_n of_o it_o yet_o even_o in_o that_o case_n it_o be_v find_v to_o accress_v to_o the_o first_o right_o with_o absolute_a warrandice_n june_n 21_o 1671._o john_n nielson_n contra_fw-la menzies_n of_o enoch_n but_o now_o to_o return_v to_o what_o be_v special_a in_o disposition_n 3._o a_o disposition_n be_v the_o transmission_n or_o conveyance_n of_o real_a right_n from_o the_o disponer_n to_o his_o singular_a successor_n not_o in_o contemplation_n of_o the_o disponer_n death_n for_o such_o be_v comprehend_v among_o succession_n from_o the_o dead_a as_o legacy_n donation_n mortis_fw-la causa_fw-la etc._n etc._n a_o disposition_n be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o conveyance_n and_o so_o it_o be_v take_v not_o for_o the_o dispositive_a act_n of_o the_o will_v only_o but_o whatsoever_o else_o be_v requisite_a to_o complete_a the_o conveyance_n as_o tradition_n resignation_n possession_n though_o a_o disposition_n be_v ofttimes_o take_v as_o distinct_a from_o these_o for_o the_o more_o clear_a uptake_n of_o conveyance_n of_o real_a right_n consider_v first_o what_o be_v requifite_n to_o transmit_v they_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n without_o any_o positive_a law_n or_o custom_n and_o next_o what_o by_o these_o be_v requisite_a to_o transmit_v the_o several_a right_n as_o to_o the_o first_o it_o have_v be_v show_v in_o the_o title_n real_a right_n how_o far_o dominion_n and_o property_n be_v competent_a by_o the_o law_n of_o rational_a nature_n and_o it_o can_v be_v doubt_v but_o that_o though_o there_o be_v no_o positive_a law_n nor_o custom_n that_o the_o rational_a creature_n be_v natural_o instruct_v how_o to_o dispone_v and_o alienate_v his_o own_o the_o power_n of_o disposal_n be_v the_o characteristic_a of_o dominion_n which_o be_v natural_a to_o man_n be_v create_v lord_n of_o the_o creature_n the_o question_n than_o be_v by_o what_o act_n man_n may_v natural_o exercise_v the_o power_n of_o disposal_n which_o can_v be_v no_o act_n of_o the_o understanding_n that_o be_v only_o contemplative_a and_o nothing_o active_a nor_o operative_a for_o constitute_v or_o transmit_v of_o right_n but_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o act_n of_o the_o will_n for_o by_o it_o right_n be_v both_o acquire_v relinquish_v and_o alienate_v there_o may_v be_v three_o act_n of_o the_o will_n about_o the_o disposal_n of_o right_n a_o resolution_n to_o dispone_v a_o paction_n contract_n or_o obligation_n to_o dispone_n and_o a_o present_a will_n or_o consent_n that_o that_o which_o be_v the_o disponer_n be_v the_o acquirer_n resolution_n terminat_n within_o the_o resolver_n and_o may_v be_v dissolve_v by_o a_o contrary_a resolution_n
renunce_v in_o the_o second_o instance_n after_o decreet_a obtain_v against_o he_o or_o in_o the_o first_o instance_n when_o the_o ground_n and_o title_n of_o the_o pursuit_n instruct_v the_o debt_n than_o there_o need_v no_o other_o decreet_a cognitionis_fw-la causa_fw-la but_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi protest_v for_o adjudication_n the_o same_o will_v be_v admit_v summary_o adjudication_n itself_o be_v a_o most_o simple_a and_o summar_n process_n whereby_o the_o heir_n renunce_v and_o the_o debt_n be_v establish_v as_o say_v be_v the_o whole_a heretage_n renunce_v orbenefite_n whereto_o the_o heir_n may_v succeed_v be_v adjudge_v by_o the_o lord_n to_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi for_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o defunct_n obligement_n wherein_o the_o heir_n renunce_v be_v again_o call_v to_o sustain_v the_o part_n of_o a_o defender_n which_o be_v only_o for_o form_n sake_n for_o he_o can_v propone_v nothing_o and_o one_o single_a summons_n be_v sufficient_a without_o continuation_n because_o it_o be_v accessary_a to_o a_o prior_n decreet_a as_o dury_n observe_v but_o express_v not_o the_o party_n feb._n 26._o 1629._o and_o all_o be_v adjudge_v periculo_fw-la potentis_fw-la whatsoever_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi please_v to_o lybel_n allege_v that_o it_o may_v have_v belong_v to_o the_o heir_n enter_v yea_o though_o any_o party_n have_v interest_n shall_v compear_v and_o instruct_v that_o he_o have_v the_o only_a right_n and_o the_o defunct_a be_v full_o denude_v it_o will_v be_v incompetent_a hoc_fw-la loco_fw-la spot_n adjudication_n cairncorss_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o drumlanrig_v 46._o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o adjudication_n be_v but_o periculo_fw-la petentis_fw-la and_o can_v give_v no_o right_n unless_o the_o defunct_n right_o competent_a to_o the_o heir_n renunce_v be_v instruct_v neither_o can_v the_o adjudger_n who_o be_v a_o stranger_n to_o the_o debtor_n right_o be_v put_v to_o dispute_v the_o same_o in_o obtain_v the_o adjudication_n yet_o the_o lord_n admit_v a_o singular_a successor_n to_o propone_v upon_o his_o infeftment_n that_o the_o defunct_a be_v denude_v and_o adjudge_v not_o the_o property_n but_o all_o right_n of_o reversion_n or_o other_o right_n competent_a to_o the_o appearand_a heir_n july_n 22._o 1669._o alexander_n livingstoun_n and_o sornbeg_n contra_fw-la heir_n of_o line_n of_o the_o lord_n forrester_n in_o this_o case_n the_o matter_n be_v notour_n to_o many_o of_o the_o lord_n that_o the_o lord_n forrester_n have_v no_o son_n do_v contract_v his_o estate_n with_o one_o of_o his_o daughter_n to_o leiutenent_n general_n baity_n son_n who_o be_v thereupon_o public_o infeft_v but_o the_o reason_n why_o appryzing_n and_o adjudication_n have_v pass_v so_o much_o at_o random_n be_v because_o the_o appryzing_n have_v deboard_v from_o their_o ancient_a form_n by_o a_o inquest_n know_v the_o land_n which_o therefore_o will_v never_o have_v apprise_v land_n but_o where_o the_o debtor_n be_v common_o repute_n heretor_fw-la or_o heritable_a possessor_n but_o when_o appryzing_n come_v to_o be_v deduce_v by_o sheriff_n in_o that_o part_n constitute_v by_o the_o lord_n by_o dispensation_n at_o edinburgh_n where_o person_n be_v make_v the_o inquest_n who_o know_v nothing_o of_o the_o land_n than_o all_o become_v to_o be_v apprise_v which_o be_v claim_v and_o though_o the_o appryzer_n will_v not_o pay_v a_o year_n rend_v for_o enter_v he_o in_o land_n where_o he_o have_v no_o probability_n of_o right_n in_o his_o debtor_n the_o great_a inconvenience_n be_v as_o to_o the_o land_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n it_o be_v little_a addition_n of_o expense_n to_o pass_v one_o infeftment_n for_o all_o and_o other_o superior_n get_v a_o year_n rent_n salvo_fw-la jure_fw-la they_o be_v not_o suffer_v to_o contravert_n but_o now_o adjudication_n be_v in_o place_n of_o apppryzing_n and_o pass_v upon_o citation_n before_o the_o lord_n it_o be_v not_o like_a they_o will_v adjudge_v land_n where_o the_o debtor_n be_v not_o at_o least_o repute_v heritable_a possessor_n or_o liferenter_n for_o now_o the_o lord_n be_v in_o place_n of_o the_o inquest_n and_o albeit_o as_o they_o suffer_v decreet_n in_o absence_n to_o pass_v periculo_fw-la petentis_fw-la so_o they_o will_v suffer_v adjudication_n to_o pass_v of_o all_o that_o be_v libel_v but_o if_o any_o other_o shall_v appear_v and_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o and_o their_o predecessor_n have_v be_v hold_v and_o repute_v heritable_a possessor_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o right_a repute_n to_o be_v in_o the_o debtor_n the_o lord_n may_v ready_o supercee_v to_o adjudge_v till_o some_o evidence_n be_v give_v of_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o debtor_n seasine_n have_v be_v now_o registrat_n since_o the_o year_n 1617._o and_o likewise_o reversion_n though_o adjudicationes_fw-la of_o these_o might_n more_o easy_o pass_v then_o because_o no_o infeftment_n will_v follow_v but_o where_o land_n be_v adjudge_v and_o infeftment_n follow_v there_o arise_v thence_o ground_n of_o plea_n and_o pursuit_n especial_o for_o reduction_n and_o improbation_n upon_o which_o all_o the_o heretor_n of_o the_o land_n contain_v in_o the_o infeftment_n will_v be_v oblige_v to_o produce_v their_o right_n and_o open_v their_o charter_n chest_n to_o party_n have_v no_o pretence_n to_o their_o estate_n the_o adjudication_n be_v sustain_v of_o all_o land_n general_o without_o condescendence_n decemb._n 14._o 1638._o corser_n contra_fw-la dury_n but_o where_o the_o defender_n appear_v not_o or_o controvert_v it_o not_o in_o the_o adjudication_n process_n for_o mail_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o land_n adjudge_v be_v sustain_v in_o the_o same_o libel_n ibidem_fw-la and_o in_o adjudication_n of_o a_o reversion_n the_o declarator_n for_o redeem_v the_o same_o be_v sustain_v in_o the_o same_o lybel_n july_n 8._o 1629._o dury_n contra_fw-la kinross_n 47._o in_o adjudication_n all_o be_v competent_a to_o be_v adjudge_v which_o shall_v have_v befall_v the_o heir_n enter_v as_o land_n annualrent_n reversion_n tack_n liferent_n and_o all_o heritable_a bond_n yea_o not_o only_o these_o right_n themselves_o but_o the_o by-gone_a rent_n and_o duty_n thereof_o precede_v the_o adjudication_n and_o after_o the_o defunct_n death_n may_v be_v adjudge_v and_o pursue_v against_o the_o possessor_n and_o intrometter_n in_o that_o same_o process_n because_o these_o be_v competent_a to_o the_o heir_n renunce_v and_o there_o be_v no_o other_o way_n to_o attain_v they_o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o appryzing_n which_o be_v not_o extend_v to_o bygone_n see_v these_o may_v be_v arrest_v and_o pursue_v as_o movable_n belong_v to_o the_o debtor_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o say_a case_n corser_n contra_fw-la dury_n decemb._n 14._o 1638._o and_o likewise_o heirship_n movable_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n be_v competent_a in_o adjudication_n but_o not_o against_o other_o movable_n of_o the_o defunct_a which_o may_v be_v confirm_v spotswood_n caption_n isobel_n hagie_n contra_fw-la her_o daughter_n novemb_n 24._o 1638._o campbel_n contra_fw-la john_n baxter_n and_o so_o it_o be_v not_o competent_a against_o a_o heritable_a bond_n make_v movable_a by_o a_o charge_n jan._n 30._o 1627._o couper_n contra_fw-la williamson_n and_o bogmiln_n yet_o if_o a_o heritable_a sum_n shall_v become_v movable_a after_o the_o defunct_n death_n as_o by_o a_o order_n of_o redemption_n it_o will_v be_v competent_a by_o adjudication_n see_v it_o can_v be_v reach_v no_o other_o way_n in_o adjudication_n it_o be_v only_o competent_a to_o creditor_n to_o appear_v have_v like_o process_n of_o adjudication_n depend_v for_o all_o will_v be_v bring_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la who_o be_v ready_a before_o sentence_n with_o the_o first_o pursuer_fw-mi hope_v adjudication_n stuart_n contra_fw-la sturt_n 48._o if_o the_o adjudication_n be_v of_o land_n or_o annualrent_n require_v infeftment_n the_o superior_a will_v be_v compel_v to_o receive_v the_o adjudger_n though_o a_o stranger_n his_o vassal_n though_o he_o do_v not_o instruct_v his_o author_n right_o salvo_fw-la jure_fw-la cujustibet_fw-la &_o svo_fw-la feb._n 9_o 1667._o elizabeth_n ramsay_n contra_fw-la ker._n but_o as_o to_o the_o year_n duty_n payable_a by_o the_o adjudger_n to_o the_o superior_a for_o their_o entry_n though_o the_o lord_n think_v it_o equitable_a that_o it_o shall_v take_v place_n as_o well_o in_o adjudication_n as_o appryzing_n the_o reason_n be_v alike_o in_o both_o yet_o find_v not_o sufficient_a ground_n whereupon_o to_o decern_v it_o see_v the_o say_a year_n rend_v be_v express_v in_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1469._o cap._n 36._o and_o the_o composition_n of_o the_o superior_a for_o receive_v appryzer_n parliament_n 1621._o cap._n 6._o yet_o in_o the_o next_o act_n of_o the_o same_o parliament_n anent_o adjudication_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o composition_n to_o the_o superior_a though_o the_o act_n relate_v to_o the_o former_a act_n anent_o appryzing_n and_o therefore_o they_o think_v it_o not_o competent_a to_o they_o to_o extend_v the_o say_a composition_n ad_fw-la pares_fw-la casus_fw-la where_o
before_o yea_o citation_n before_o the_o 5._o year_n and_o inhibition_n in_o the_o 5._o year_n with_o a_o subsequent_a security_n be_v find_v sufficient_a to_o take_v off_o the_o benefit_n of_o this_o act_n july_n 23._o 1666._o earl_n of_o southesk_n contra_fw-la marquis_n of_o huntlie_o this_o privilege_n be_v not_o competent_a by_o exception_n or_o reply_v offer_v to_o prove_v 5._o year_n possession_n but_o by_o a_o reture_n upon_o a_o commission_n serve_v by_o a_o inquest_n july_n 13._o 1666._o sr._n henry_n hoom_n contra_fw-la sr._n alexander_n hoom._n in_o this_o statute_n it_o be_v also_o provide_v that_o where_o there_o be_v tack_n or_o possession_n of_o land_n or_o teind_n possess_v by_o the_o forefault_n person_n in_o respect_n that_o the_o right_n thereof_o may_v also_o be_v abstract_v that_o the_o king_n and_o his_o donatar_n shall_v continue_v in_o that_o same_o possession_n for_o sieve_n year_n without_o any_o account_n for_o the_o profit_n thereof_o and_o long_o if_o a_o right_o be_v instruct_v of_o the_o forefault_n person_n and_o if_o a_o few_o be_v forefault_n the_o land_n be_v not_o liable_a for_o the_o feu_fw-fr duty_n precede_v the_o forefaulture_n because_o the_o discharge_v thereof_o may_v have_v be_v abstract_v possession_n for_o fever_n then_o 5._o year_n by_o the_o forefaulted_a person_n be_v find_v sufficient_a to_o continue_v for_o 5_o year_n though_o no_o tack_v be_v instruct_v jannuary_n 24._o 1667._o sr._n henry_n hoom_n contra_fw-la sr._n alexander_n hoom._n 36._o it_o be_v also_o declare_v in_o this_o statute_n that_o the_o forefaultur_n of_o the_o appearand_a heir_n carry_v therewith_o the_o right_n of_o the_o land_n to_o which_o he_o may_v succeed_v though_o he_o be_v never_o enter_v heir_n nor_o infeft_v whereof_o craig_n mention_n a_o case_n lib._n 2._o dieg._n 8._o that_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o laird_n of_o laisindrum_fw-la be_v exclude_v from_o their_o succession_n to_o their_o goodsir_n because_o their_o father_n be_v forefault_n though_o he_o be_v never_o receive_v nor_o infeft_v in_o these_o land_n 37._o craig_n in_o the_o forecited_a place_n move_v but_o determine_v not_o this_o question_n whether_o the_o forefaulture_n inser_v a_o corruption_n of_o the_o blood_n of_o all_o the_o descendants_n of_o the_o forefault_n person_n whereby_o till_o they_o be_v restore_v they_o be_v incapable_a of_o any_o succession_n though_o descend_v to_o they_o by_o the_o maternal_a line_n this_o corruption_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v frequent_o in_o fngland_n where_o person_n be_v special_o attaint_v and_o convict_v of_o treason_n and_o sometime_o with_o we_o it_o be_v call_v dishabilitation_n and_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o doom_n or_o sentence_n that_o the_o successor_n of_o the_o person_n convict_v shall_v be_v incapable_a of_o land_n estate_n honour_n or_o office_n yea_o then_o fame_n and_o memory_n be_v sometime_o condemn_v and_o their_o surname_n abolish_v as_o be_v do_v in_o the_o forefalture_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o gourie_n but_o it_o be_v not_o consonant_a to_o our_o custom_n that_o forefaulture_n in_o other_o case_n shall_v infer_v this_o corruption_n of_o blood_n first_o because_o of_o the_o multiplication_n of_o case_n to_o which_o forefaulture_n be_v now_o extend_v as_o to_o th_a on_o 〈◊〉_d man_n and_o false_a coyn._n 2._o if_o none_o of_o the_o descendants_n of_o 〈◊〉_d person_n be_v capable_a of_o succession_n to_o any_o person_n that_o can_v not_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o any_o speciality_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o succession_n but_o of_o something_o in_o their_o person_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o forefaulture_n exclude_v they_o thence_o which_o will_v not_o only_o take_v place_n in_o heritage_n but_o in_o movable_n yea_o the_o oye_n or_o far_a offspring_n of_o the_o forefaulted_a person_n can_v not_o succeed_v to_o their_o ownimmediat_a parent_n which_o will_v infer_v that_o they_o can_v be_v capable_a of_o no_o good_n or_o mean_n but_o the_o same_o will_v be_v instant_o confiscate_v 3._o though_o forefaulture_n in_o scotland_n have_v be_v very_o frequent_a the_o offpring_a of_o such_o have_v ordinary_o acquire_v land_n and_o good_n and_o their_o child_n succeed_v they_o therein_o without_o obtain_v restitution_n of_o their_o blood_n so_o that_o this_o corruption_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v think_v a_o speciality_n in_o some_o attrocious_a treason_n by_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o doom_n of_o forefaulture_n than_o a_o general_a consequence_n thereof_o 38._o but_o whereas_o it_o have_v be_v say_v that_o the_o appearand_a heir_n be_v forefault_v the_o king_n have_v right_a to_o the_o heritage_n to_o which_o he_o may_v succeed_v it_o may_v be_v question_v whether_o that_o my_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o appearand_a heir_n if_o he_o be_v forefault_v during_o his_o predecessor_n life_n or_o if_o it_o be_v only_o in_o the_o case_n that_o the_o heir_n apparent_a be_v forefault_v after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o predecessor_n where_o de_fw-fr presenti_fw-la he_o may_v be_v heir_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n if_o the_o person_n forefault_v shall_v be_v fugitive_n and_o survive_v his_o predecessor_n but_o the_o heritage_n accrese_v to_o he_o wherein_o he_o may_v de_fw-la presenti_fw-la infeft_v will_v fall_v under_o forefaulture_n though_o he_o be_v not_o actual_o infeft_v and_o it_o seem_v no_o less_o clear_a that_o be_v forefault_v if_o he_o shall_v die_v before_o his_o predecessor_n that_o his_o brother_n or_o collateral_n may_v succeed_v to_o their_o father_n or_o any_o other_o to_o who_o the_o forefaulted_a person_n if_o he_o have_v survive_v they_o will_v have_v succeed_v it_o be_v more_o doubtful_a whether_o his_o descendants_n can_v if_o any_o be_v for_o these_o will_v exclude_v the_o collaterall_n and_o there_o seem_v no_o reason_n to_o exclude_v they_o from_o their_o grandfather_n heritage_n not_o be_v dishabilitat_fw-la and_o see_v i_o have_v not_o find_v it_o extend_v further_o i_o conceive_v it_o more_o favourable_a that_o the_o heir_n appearand_n die_v before_o his_o predecessor_n shall_v not_o hinder_v his_o descendants_n to_o succeed_v to_o that_o predecessor_n but_o unless_o the_o forefaulture_n do_v incapacitat_fw-la the_o predecessor_n to_o dispose_v upon_o his_o own_o estate_n the_o forefaulture_n in_o that_o case_n will_v be_v improfitable_a yet_o see_v we_o have_v no_o complaint_n of_o exhaeredatione_fw-la in_o scotland_n but_o that_o parent_n may_v free_o dispose_v of_o their_o estate_n at_o their_o pleasure_n it_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o bind_v up_o the_o parent_n more_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o fisk_n then_o tohis_fw-la own_o child_n unless_o fraud_n to_o prevent_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o forefaulture_n without_o a_o rational_a cause_n do_v appear_v 39_o for_o the_o further_a security_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o denatar_n it_o be_v provyde_v par._n 1594._o cap._n 202._o that_o no_o letter_n of_o pension_n factory_a band_n or_o assignation_n grant_v by_o any_o forefault_n person_n shall_v be_v valid_a unless_o it_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o king_n or_o authorize_v by_o decreet_a of_o a_o ordinary_a judge_n obtain_v before_o citation_n in_o the_o process_n of_o forefaulture_n which_o seem_v to_o insinuate_v that_o creditor_n shall_v be_v satisfy_v out_o of_o the_o forefault_n estate_n but_o it_o will_v reach_v no_o further_o than_o the_o movable_n fall_v by_o forefaultnre_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v affect_v in_o the_o same_o way_n as_o fall_v by_o single-escheat_n the_o full_a dominion_n in_o both_o be_v the_o king_n but_o with_o the_o burden_n of_o admit_v the_o diligence_n of_o lawful_a creditor_n before_o declarator_n but_o i_o have_v not_o observe_v this_o practise_v in_o moveable_n of_o forefault_n person_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o statute_n appear_v by_o the_o act_n immediate_o precede_v whereby_o a_o former_a act_n of_o parliament_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o vassal_n of_o forefault_n person_n be_v resoind_v and_o appoint_v to_o be_v delet_fw-la out_o of_o the_o book_n of_o parliament_n which_o rescinded_a act_n though_o it_o be_v not_o extant_a but_o delet_fw-la as_o aforesaid_a have_v affect_v forefault_n estate_n with_o the_o debt_n of_o the_o forefault_n person_n and_o with_o the_o subaltern_a infeftment_n grant_v by_o forefault_n person_n not_o confirm_v and_o therefore_o such_o right_n being_n constitute_v by_o a_o law_n then_o stand_v can_v not_o be_v derogat_n by_o a_o subsequent_a law_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d to_o caution_n by_o the_o foresay_a act_n 202._o that_o simulat_fw-la or_o antedate_a right_n may_v not_o affect_v estate_n forefault_v before_o the_o say_v rescissory_a act._n 40._o sentence_n of_o forefaulture_n be_v pronunce_v be_v declare_v irreducible_a upon_o any_o nullity_n in_o the_o process_n upon_o which_o it_o proceed_v till_o the_o 〈◊〉_d be_v remit_v by_o the_o king_n or_o the_o party_n try_v and_o acquit_v thereof_o but_o restitution_n shall_v only_o be_v grant_v by_o way_n of_o grace_n to_o the_o party_n forefault_v or_o their_o posterity_n par._n 1584._o
mediate_o to_o his_o own_o son_n 23._o to_o return_v to_o our_o custom_n in_o succession_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o matter_n it_o be_v divide_v in_o two_o branch_n the_o one_o be_v of_o movable_n the_o other_o of_o immovables_n which_o do_v as_o much_o differ_v asthecustome_n of_o diversenation_n the_o successor_n in_o immovables_n do_v only_o retain_v the_o name_n of_o heir_n and_o therefore_o immovables_n be_v call_v heritable_a right_n and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o movable_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o heir_n be_v call_v heirship-moveable_a the_o successor_n in_o movable_n from_o the_o office_n of_o execute_v the_o defunct_n will_v express_v or_o presume_v be_v call_v executor_n we_o shall_v here_o summary_o at_o one_o view_n set_v forth_o the_o whole_a matter_n of_o succession_n with_o we_o which_o we_o shall_v more_o full_o and_o distinct_o follow_v in_o the_o ensue_a title_n heir_n in_o law_n be_v call_v universal_a successor_n quia_fw-la succedunt_fw-la in_o universum_fw-la jus_o quod_fw-la defunctus_fw-la habuit_fw-la they_o do_v whole_o represent_v the_o defunct_a and_o be_v as_o one_o person_n with_o he_o and_o so_o they_o do_v both_o succeed_v to_o he_o active_a in_o all_o the_o right_n belong_v to_o he_o and_o passive_a in_o all_o the_o obligation_n and_o debt_n due_a by_o he_o and_o when_o they_o do_v not_o orderly_o enter_v they_o become_v successor_n passive_a liable_a to_o the_o defunct_n debt_n but_o not_o heir_n active_a have_v power_n to_o claim_v his_o right_n till_o they_o be_v enter_v according_a to_o law_n other_o successor_n be_v call_v singular_a successor_n as_o assigney_n purchaser_n but_o heir_n only_o be_v universal_a successor_n and_o now_o when_o heir_n be_v of_o divers_a kind_n as_o some_o in_o movable_n some_o in_o land_n and_o other_o heritable_a right_n and_o of_o these_o ac_fw-la according_v to_o the_o investiture_n some_o succeed_v to_o land_n provide_v to_o heir_n of_o line_n some_o to_o land_n provide_v to_o heir_n male_a some_o to_o land_n otherways_o tailzy_v in_o all_o which_o some_o heir_n succeed_v alone_o and_o in_o solidum_fw-la some_o succeed_v in_o part_n &_o pro_fw-la rata_fw-la yet_o all_o may_v be_v say_v to_o succeed_v in_o universum_fw-la jus_o quod_fw-la defunctus_fw-la habuit_fw-la by_o universum_fw-la jus_o the_o whole_a right_n not_o simple_o &_o in_o solidunt_fw-la but_o the_o whole_a right_n of_o such_o a_o kind_n either_o in_o solidum_fw-la or_o at_o lest_o pro_fw-la rata_fw-la parte_fw-la as_o he_o who_o succeed_v in_o a_o half_a or_o three_o part_n of_o all_o the_o defunct_n right_n active_a &_o passive_a succee_v in_o universa_fw-la &_o singula_fw-la jura_fw-la in_o all_o and_o every_o right_n think_v not_o in_o totum_fw-la &_o solidum_fw-la the_o whole_a or_o every_o part_n of_o every_o right_n as_o to_o movable_n we_o shall_v not_o repeat_v what_o have_v be_v say_v title_n real_a right_n of_o the_o distinction_n of_o heritable_a and_o movable_a right_n whether_o good_n or_o movable_a debt_n but_o shall_v only_o hold_v forth_o what_o become_v of_o movable_a right_n after_o the_o owner_n decease_n and_o first_o if_o the_o defunct_a be_v marry_v there_o be_v thereby_o acommunion_n of_o good_n betwixt_o the_o defunct_a and_o the_o other_o spouse_n which_o be_v dissolve_v by_o death_n the_o survivor_n may_v withdraw_v their_o share_n which_o share_n be_v estimate_n by_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o family_n at_o that_o time_n for_o if_o in_o the_o family_n there_o be_v a_o husband_n a_o wife_n and_o child_n not_o forisfamiliat_v the_o wife_n her_o share_n be_v the_o three_o but_o if_o there_o be_v no_o child_n unforisfamiliat_v the_o wife_n share_n be_v the_o half_a which_o be_v not_o proper_o a_o succession_n but_o a_o division_n 24._o the_o first_o degree_n of_o succession_n in_o movable_n with_o we_o be_v by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o defunct_a by_o his_o testament_n or_o codicil_n whereby_o the_o defunct_a may_v name_v executor_n and_o dispose_v of_o his_o movable_n either_o in_o part_n by_o particular_a legacy_n or_o in_o whole_a by_o a_o universal_a legacy_n whereby_o in_o effect_n the_o universal_a legatar_n be_v institute_v heir_n in_o the_o movable_n and_o if_o the_o executor_n nominat_fw-la be_v not_o also_o universal_a legatar_n he_o have_v but_o one_o office_n and_o be_v not_o heir_n for_o himself_o but_o in_o name_n and_o to_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o legatar_n and_o have_v but_o fidei-comissum_a of_o the_o movable_n these_o legacy_n whether_o particular_a or_o universal_a do_v immediate_o transmit_v the_o right_n to_o the_o legatar_n and_o their_o successor_n the_o solemnity_n of_o testament_n or_o legacy_n be_v very_o plain_a with_o we_o but_o we_o shall_v leave_v they_o to_o the_o title_n executrie_n the_o will_n of_o the_o defunct_a be_v restrain_v with_o we_o in_o three_o case_n the_o first_o be_v bastard_n can_v at_o all_o test_n or_o leave_v legacy_n unless_o they_o be_v legittimat_fw-la or_o have_v power_n from_o the_o king_n of_o make_v testament_n or_o have_v lawful_a child_n 2._o a_o father_n be_v bind_v up_o in_o respect_n of_o his_o child_n in_o his_o family_n which_o be_v not_o forisfamiliat_v and_o provide_v for_o these_o have_v necessary_o their_o portion_n natural_a and_o bairn_n part_v of_o gear_n wherefrom_o their_o father_n can_v exclude_v 〈◊〉_d by_o 〈◊〉_d or_o otherways_o as_o by_o donation_n in_o contemplation_n of_o tion_n to_o a_o movable_a band_n grant_v on_o deathbed_n be_v find_v null_n as_o to_o the_o relict_n and_o bairn_n part_v spot_n assignation_n margaret_n pyrie_n contra_fw-la ramsay_n yea_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o gift_n of_o money_n by_o the_o defunct_a out_o of_o his_o own_o hand_n on_o deathbed_n be_v null_a as_o to_o they_o ibid._n mr._n andrew_n moncrieff_n contra_fw-la mr._n archibald_n moncrieff_n the_o like_a of_o a_o assignation_n to_o a_o confident_a person_n to_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o defunct_n bairn_n which_o be_v find_v not_o to_o prejudge_v the_o relic_n three_o durie_n july_n 10._o 1628._o cant_n contra_fw-la edgar_n and_o therefore_o a_o father_n have_v only_a power_n to_o dispose_v upon_o such_o a_o part_n of_o his_o good_n which_o be_v thence_o call_v dead_v part_n which_o if_o he_o have_v a_o relict_n and_o bairn_n in_o the_o family_n the_o bairn_n part_n be_v the_o three_o the_o relic_n part_n be_v also_o a_o three_o and_o so_o the_o defunct_n part_n be_v only_o a_o three_o but_o if_o there_o be_v no_o relict_n than_o the_o bairn_n part_n be_v the_o half_a and_o the_o dead_v part_n be_v the_o other_o half_a but_o if_o there_o be_v neither_o wife_n nor_o bairn_n the_o defunct_a may_v dispose_v of_o the_o whole_a as_o person_n never_o marry_v or_o wife_n upon_o who_o there_o be_v no_o restriction_n though_o they_o have_v husband_n or_o child_n for_o they_o may_v dispose_v of_o their_o share_n of_o the_o husband_n moveable_n or_o if_o they_o acquire_v or_o succeed_v to_o any_o moveable_n in_o viduity_n they_o may_v iniurley_n dispose_v thereof_o though_o they_o have_v child_n if_o his_o legacy_n exceed_v his_o own_o part_n than_o they_o abate_v proportional_o unless_o there_o be_v a_o preference_n grant_v by_o the_o testator_n or_o a_o privilege_n whereof_o i_o know_v none_o with_o we_o for_o even_o a_o legacy_n ob_fw-la pias_fw-la causas_fw-la viz._n a_o mortification_n to_o a_o kirk_n be_v find_v to_o have_v no_o privilege_n but_o it_o and_o other_o legacy_n suffer_v proportional_a deduction_n see_v they_o exceed_v dead_v part_n durie_n july_n 6._o 1630._o doctor_n monro_n contra_fw-la scot_n executor_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o restriction_n be_v that_o natural_a obliegment_n for_o provision_n of_o child_n of_o which_o before_o it_o be_v extend_v only_o to_o the_o immediate_a child_n and_o not_o to_o grandchild_n neither_o do_v it_o restrict_n the_o mother_n but_o only_o the_o father_n 3._o the_o three_o restriction_n of_o the_o defunct_n will_v be_v in_o favour_n of_o their_o heir_n of_o line_n for_o heir_n have_v the_o sole_a interest_n in_o heritable_a right_n be_v by_o our_o custom_n just_o exclude_v from_o come_v in_o with_o other_o child_n in_o moveable_n except_o that_o which_o be_v call_v heirship-moveable_a which_o be_v the_o best_a of_o every_o kind_n of_o movable_a wherein_o the_o defunct_n will_v can_v prejudge_v the_o heir_n the_o second_o member_n os_fw-la succession_n in_o moveable_n be_v from_o the_o intestat_fw-la so_o that_o fail_v the_o defunct_n will_v with_o the_o restriction_n aforesaid_a the_o near_a of_o kin_n have_v interest_n both_o in_o the_o defunct_n moveable_n and_o office_n of_o executrie_n and_o though_o they_o claim_v not_o the_o office_n yet_o have_v they_o 〈◊〉_d right_o to_o the_o good_n leave_v a_o three_o of_o dead_v part_n to_o the_o executor_n 〈◊〉_d administration_n of_o the_o office_n these_o near_a of_o kin_n take_v place_n all_o in_o 〈◊〉_d all_o the_o near_a degree_n male_a or_o female_a come_v in_o
be_v find_v to_o have_v no_o aliment_n from_o his_o mother_n life-rent_a who_o bring_v 8000._o mark_n of_o tocher_n and_o have_v but_o 10._o chalder_n of_o victual_n in_o life-rent_a july_n 21._o 1626._o laird_n of_o ramorny_n contra_fw-la law_n the_o like_a where_o the_o heir_n be_v not_o minor_a but_o design_v himself_o preacher_n and_o so_o have_v a_o calling_n feb._n 11._o 1636._o sibbald_n contra_fw-la wallace_n here_o the_o relict_n be_v infeft_v in_o no_o land_n but_o have_v a_o annualrent_a of_o 400._o mark_n out_o of_o land_n and_o the_o heir_n be_v not_o minor_a whereas_o the_o lord_n think_v the_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v not_o in_o favour_n of_o major_n who_o ought_v to_o do_v for_o themselves_o but_o all_o must_v be_v consider_v complex_o in_o this_o decision_n some_o heir_n by_o their_o quality_n not_o be_v bind_v to_o follow_v calling_n but_o the_o life-rent_a be_v a_o mean_a annualrent_n no_o more_o than_o a_o aliment_n to_o the_o relict_n the_o pursuer_fw-mi major_n and_o have_v a_o call_n and_o certain_o where_o the_o life-rent_a be_v but_o a_o aliment_n the_o appearand_a heir_n must_v rather_o want_v than_o the_o person_n provide_v for_o a_o cause_n onerous_a though_o the_o act_n mention_v only_a ward_n land_n yet_o it_o be_v extend_v to_o a_o minor_a have_v no_o ward_n land_n against_o a_o life-rent_a of_o all_o his_o fstate_n be_v house_n and_o annualrent_a of_o money_n feb._n 22._o 1631._o fiinnie_n contra_fw-la oliphant_n in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v not_o find_v sufficient_a that_o the_o life-rent_a offer_v to_o maintain_v the_o minor_a her_o own_o child_n upon_o her_o own_o charge_n she_o be_v marry_v to_o a_o second_o husband_n but_o the_o tutor_n obtain_v modisication_n with_o consideration_n of_o the_o movable_a heirship_n on_o the_o contrary_a where_o the_o mother_n be_v not_o marry_v her_o offer_n of_o entertainment_n be_v receive_v july_n 14._o 〈◊〉_d alexander_n noble_a and_o his_o tutor_n contra_fw-la his_o mother_n neither_o be_v the_o modifi_n cation_n exclude_v because_o there_o be_v free_a land_n at_o the_o defuncft_a death_n see_v they_o be_v apprise_v thereafter_o for_o the_o defunct_n debt_n hope_v the_o haer_v white_a contra_fw-la caldwall_n the_o like_a the_o debt_n be_v great_a and_o the_o annualrent_a thereof_o equivalent_a to_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n not_o liferent_v feb._n 13._o 1662._o antonia_n broun_n contra_fw-la her_o mother_n but_o aliment_n be_v not_o find_v due_a by_o a_o father_n life-rent_a to_o his_o son_n on_o this_o act_n but_o only_o super_fw-la jure_fw-la naturae_fw-la july_n 21._o 1636._o laird_n of_o rumorney_n contra_fw-la law_n nor_o by_o a_o grandfather_n to_o his_o oye_n who_o have_v dispone_v his_o estate_n to_o his_o son_n reserve_v his_o life-rent_a of_o a_o part_n the_o rest_n unsold_a by_o his_o son_n be_v liferented_n by_o his_o wife_n july_n 7._o 1629._o hamilton_n contra_fw-la his_o goodsir_n but_o where_o the_o heir_n mother_n bring_v a_o great_a tough_a and_o the_o grandfather_n fall_v to_o a_o plentiful_a estate_n by_o his_o brother_n the_o heir_n be_v find_v to_o have_v aliment_n of_o his_o goodsir_n though_o he_o dispone_v the_o land_n to_o the_o heir_n father_n burden_v with_o his_o mother_n life-rent_a june_n 27._o 1662._o heir_n of_o gairn_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o gairn_n this_o behove_v not_o to_o be_v from_o the_o statute_n but_o ex_fw-la debito_fw-la naturali_fw-la aliment_n be_v find_v due_a by_o a_o liferenter_fw-la to_o her_o daughter_n the_o appearand_a heir_n though_o she_o renounce_v to_o be_v heir_n july_n 16._o 1667._o hamilton_n contra_fw-la symonton_n but_o where_o a_o father_n dispone_v to_o his_o son_n a_o part_n of_o his_o estate_n reserve_v his_o life-rent_a and_o another_o to_o his_o son_n and_o his_o wife_n in_o conjunctfie_n after_o his_o son_n death_n his_o appearand_a heir_n get_v no_o part_n of_o his_o aliment_n from_o his_o goodsir_n but_o only_o from_o his_o mother_n feb._n 26._o 1675._o sr._n john_n whitfoord_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o lamington_n aliment_n be_v find_v due_a to_o the_o heir_n by_o a_o asigney_n to_o a_o gift_n of_o ward_n without_o necessity_n to_o prove_v that_o he_o intromit_v with_o the_o ward_n land_n unless_o he_o have_v be_v legal_o exclude_v which_o be_v modify_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o it_o be_v not_o find_v sufficient_a to_o entertain_v he_o in_o the_o assignyes_n family_n but_o nothing_o be_v modify_v for_o that_o time_n that_o the_o minor_n mother_n alimented_a he_o gratis_o feb._n 19_o 1679._o sibbald_n of_o cair_a contra_fw-la sr._n alexander_n ealconer_n 4._o heir_n also_o not_o enter_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o such_o obliegment_n or_o provision_n conceive_v in_o favour_n of_o heir_n which_o by_o their_o nature_n or_o mean_v require_v to_o be_v fulfil_v before_o the_o heir_n entry_n as_o when_o a_o party_n be_v obleige_v to_o employ_v a_o sum_n upon_o land_n and_o to_o procure_v himself_o and_o his_o umquhil_a spouse_n infeft_v therein_o in_o life-rent_a and_o the_o heir_n procreate_v betwixt_o they_o in_o fee_n the_o bairn_n of_o the_o marriage_n who_o will_v fall_v heir_n be_v thereby_o find_v to_o have_v right_o to_o crave_v his_o father_n to_o employ_v the_o money_n according_o though_o he_o never_o be_v nor_o actual_o can_v be_v heir_n his_o father_n be_v alive_a december_n 16._o 1628._o laird_n of_o collington_n contra_fw-la granton_n in_o this_o case_n the_o lord_n incline_v so_o to_o decide_v but_o decide_v not_o but_o that_o day_n durie_n observe_v a_o like_a case_n decide_v july_n 7._o 1632._o young_a contra_fw-la young_a the_o like_a be_v decide_v feb._n 13._o 1677._o alexander_n frazer_n contra_fw-la john_n frazer_n in_o which_o case_n a_o father_n by_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v obleige_v to_o employ_v a_o certain_a sum_n upon_o security_n to_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n in_o conjunct-fee_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n and_o likewise_o to_o take_v all_o conquest_n during_o the_o marriage_n the_o one_o half_a to_o the_o wife_n in_o life-rent_a and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n in_o fee_n after_o the_o wife_n death_n process_n be_v sustain_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o apparent_a heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n against_o his_o father_n who_o be_v decern_v to_o employ_v the_o special_a sum_n to_o himself_o and_o after_o his_o decease_n to_o the_o heir_n apparent_a of_o the_o marriage_n albeit_o thereby_o the_o father_n will_v remain_v fire_n and_o may_v dispone_v or_o burden_v the_o sum_n so_o employ_v for_o reasonable_a consideration_n but_o not_o by_o deed_n mere_o gratuitous_a to_o evacuat_v the_o obleigment_n and_o if_o he_o do_v deed_n prejudicial_a he_o will_v be_v obleige_v to_o purge_v the_o same_o or_o re-imploy_a 〈◊〉_d but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o find_v as_o to_o the_o conquest_n before_o the_o marriage_n which_o may_v be_v alter_v during_o his_o life_n for_o that_o only_o can_v be_v account_v conquest_n that_o he_o have_v more_o at_o his_o death_n then_o at_o his_o marriage_n and_o so_o heir_n of_o a_o marriage_n in_o a_o obleigment_n in_o case_n a_o wife_n decease_v without_o survive_a heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n these_o be_v interpret_v bairn_n of_o the_o marriage_n who_o survive_v their_o mother_n but_o die_v before_o their_o father_n and_o so_o can_v never_o be_v serve_v heir_n to_o he_o january_n 26._o 1630._o turnbul_n contra_fw-la colinshlie_n the_o like_a where_o a_o father_n be_v obleige_v to_o infeft_n himself_o and_o his_o spouse_n in_o conjunct-fee_n and_o the_o heir_n procreate_v betwixt_o they_o etc._n etc._n the_o apparent_a heir_n be_v find_v to_o have_v interest_n to_o pursue_v the_o father_n for_o fulfil_v thereof_o and_o of_o the_o obleigment_n adjoin_v not_o to_o dispone_v in_o their_o prejudice_n hope_v de_fw-fr haeredibus_fw-la hamilton_n contra_fw-la silvertonhil_n tack_n set_v to_o heir_n require_v no_o service_n but_o be_v notour_n to_o be_v the_o person_n who_o may_v be_v serve_v heir_n they_o have_v right_a without_o service_n june_n 9_o 1675._o hoom_n contra_fw-la johnston_n of_o oldwells_n 5._o as_o to_o the_o benefit_n of_o heir_n they_o have_v right_o not_o only_o to_o obleigment_n conceive_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o defunct_a and_o his_o heir_n but_o though_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o heir_n unless_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o obleigment_n there_o be_v a_o speciallity_n appropriate_v the_o same_o to_o the_o person_n of_o the_o defunct_a only_o as_o in_o commission_n trust_n etc._n etc._n so_o heir_n be_v find_v to_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o promise_n make_v to_o their_o predecessor_n for_o dispone_v of_o land_n to_o he_o acquire_v for_o his_o use_n though_o it_o mention_v not_o heir_n feb._n 22._o 1610._o heir_n of_o jean_n 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la livingston_n the_o like_a of_o a_o reversion_n not_o mention_v heir_n which_o be_v think_v to_o be_v omit_v by_o neglect_n see_v it_o bear_v not_o
it_o be_v free_a to_o the_o heir_n as_o well_o to_o renounce_v when_o he_o please_v as_o to_o enter_v when_o he_o please_v july_n 10._o 1631._o blair_n contra_fw-la broun_n but_o it_o be_v like_o the_o posterior_n creditor_n have_v be_v negligent_a otherwise_o that_o prae_fw-la natura_fw-la diligentia_fw-la of_o pursue_v and_o renounce_v within_o the_o year_n will_v have_v be_v account_v collusive_a and_o fraudulent_a and_o so_o will_v not_o prejudge_v the_o other_o creditor_n do_v diligence_n in_o the_o ordinary_a way_n general_a charge_n to_o enter_v heir_n do_v evanish_v as_o incomplete_a diligence_n if_o the_o party_n charge_v die_v before_o litiscontestation_n or_o sentence_n and_o though_o the_o forty_o day_n be_v expire_v before_o the_o death_n of_o the_o party_n charge_v yet_o the_o charge_n use_v not_o to_o be_v transfer_v or_o make_v use_n of_o against_o any_o subsequent_a heir_n apparent_a but_o it_o be_v not_o consequent_a that_o if_o the_o charger_n die_v before_o litiscontestation_n or_o sentence_n that_o the_o same_o shall_v also_o become_v void_a because_o the_o charger_n do_v not_o necessitate_v the_o party_n charge_v to_o enter_v or_o renounce_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o charger_n heir_n but_o of_o himself_o and_o it_o be_v find_v that_o a_o assigny_n may_v insist_v upon_o a_o charge_n at_o the_o cedent_n instance_n after_o the_o cedent_n death_n though_o nothing_o follow_v thereupon_o during_o his_o life_n june_n 18._o 1631._o prior_n of_o archattan_n concra_fw-la captain_n of_o clanronnald_n 23._o a_o special_a charge_n to_o enter_v heir_n differ_v from_o the_o general_a charge_n in_o this_o that_o the_o general_a charge_n be_v in_o lieu_n of_o the_o general_a service_n for_o thereby_o the_o creditor_n reach_v the_o person_n of_o the_o apparent_a heir_n of_o his_o debtor_n and_o his_o estate_n or_o good_n establish_v in_o his_o person_n unless_o he_o renounce_v and_o so_o the_o general_a charge_n be_v the_o ground_n of_o process_n and_o decreet_a for_o payment_n but_o thereby_o the_o creditor_n can_v reach_v the_o land_n and_o annualrent_n which_o be_v not_o as_o yet_o establish_v in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o apparent_a heir_n he_o not_o be_v special_o serve_v thereto_o or_o infeft_v therein_o and_o therefore_o that_o the_o creditor_n may_v reach_v these_o he_o must_v use_v a_o special_a charge_n which_o supply_v the_o special_a service_n and_o eutry_n this_o special_a charge_n though_o it_o proceed_v upon_o supplication_n without_o citation_n yet_o it_o must_v be_v upon_o production_n of_o a_o decreet_a at_o the_o creditor_n instance_n not_o only_a cognitiònis_fw-la causâ_fw-la but_o for_o performance_n and_o it_o be_v competent_a in_o two_o case_n first_o upon_o the_o proper_a debt_n of_o the_o party_n to_o be_v charge_v for_o if_o the_o debtor_n be_v unenter_v to_o some_o of_o his_o predecessor_n and_o so_o their_o right_n not_o establish_v in_o his_o person_n in_o that_o case_n the_o creditor_n must_v charge_v his_o own_o debtor_n special_o to_o enter_v heir_n in_o the_o right_n competent_a to_o he_o by_o that_o predecessor_n with_o certification_n if_o he_o enter_v not_o the_o creditor_n shall_v have_v such_o process_n and_o execution_n against_o that_o land_n and_o heretage_n to_o which_o he_o may_v enter_v as_o if_o he_o be_v actual_o enter_v therein_o whereupon_o apprise_v do_v proceed_v in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o a_o antecedent_n general_a charge_n which_o only_o be_v use_v to_o the_o effect_n that_o the_o debt_n may_v be_v establish_v in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o debtor_n apparent_a heir_n passiuè_fw-la by_o a_o decreet_a upon_o the_o general_a charge_n the_o other_o case_n be_v when_o the_o debt_n be_v not_o the_o proper_a debt_n of_o the_o party_n charge_v but_o of_o some_o predecessor_n to_o who_o he_o may_v be_v heir_n in_o which_o case_n the_o debt_n must_v first_o be_v 〈◊〉_d against_o he_o passive_a and_o then_o follow_v the_o special_a charge_n in_o this_o case_n the_o special_a charge_n can_v be_v till_o after_o year_n and_o day_n because_o it_o presuppose_v not_o only_o the_o summons_n but_o also_o the_o sentence_n upon_o the_o general_a charge_n both_o which_o must_v be_v after_o year_n and_o day_n when_o the_o debt_n be_v the_o proper_a debt_n of_o the_o party_n charge_v if_o the_o special_a charge_n may_v not_o be_v at_o any_o time_n even_o within_o year_n and_o day_n or_o if_o it_o must_v be_v after_o the_o annus_fw-la deliberandi_fw-la this_o make_v for_o the_o negative_a that_o it_o need_v not_o abide_v the_o year_n of_o deliberation_n because_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o deliberation_n be_v not_o so_o much_o whether_o the_o party_n charge_v will_v be_v heir_n as_o whether_o he_o will_v personal_o subject_v himself_o to_o the_o ground_n of_o that_o charge_n for_o albeit_o he_o renounce_v not_o it_o will_v not_o make_v he_o liable_a to_o any_o of_o the_o defunct_n debt_n except_o it_o be_v by_o his_o fraud_n and_o collusion_n with_o one_o creditor_n in_o prejudice_n of_o another_o and_o therefore_o see_v he_o can_v deliberate_v whether_o he_o will_v be_v subject_a to_o his_o own_o debt_n he_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v the_o benefit_n ofyear_n and_o day_n before_o the_o special_a charge_n be_v effectual_a yet_o before_o the_o late_a act_n prefer_v the_o diligence_n of_o the_o defunct_n creditor_n to_o the_o heir_n proper_a creditor_n there_o be_v no_o reason_n to_o allow_v special_a charge_n for_o the_o apparent_a heir_n own_o debt_n but_o more_o summar_n execution_n than_o other_o charge_n so_o to_o prefer_v the_o apparent_a heir_n proper_a creditor_n to_o be_v heir_n the_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o charge_n to_o enter_v heir_n and_o be_v only_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o special_a charge_n insinuate_v a_o exception_n if_o the_o heir_n be_v major_a but_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o lord_n have_v introduce_v the_o general_a charge_n to_o constitute_v the_o debt_n and_o allow_v both_o charge_n against_o minor_n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n either_o of_o a_o general_a or_o special_a charge_n as_o to_o real_a action_n which_o may_v proceed_v against_o apparent_a heir_n as_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n january_n 2._o 1667._o oliphant_n contra_fw-la hamilton_n neither_o in_o declarator_n or_o reduction_n 24._o the_o remedy_n against_o both_o charge_n to_o be_v heir_n be_v a_o renounciation_n to_o be_v heir_n whereby_o the_o renouncer_n person_n and_o his_o proper_a estate_n will_v not_o be_v liable_a for_o his_o predecessor_n debt_n but_o only_o his_o predecessor_n heretage_n this_o renounciation_n use_v to_o be_v offer_v by_o way_n of_o exception_n in_o the_o process_n upon_o the_o general_a charge_n and_o if_o the_o defender_n be_v not_o absent_a it_o be_v not_o ordinary_o admit_v by_o suspension_n except_o in_o favour_n of_o minor_n who_o though_o be_v apparent_a heir_n they_o take_v a_o day_n to_o renounce_v and_o fail_v therein_o yet_o they_o will_v be_v restore_v against_o the_o same_o by_o suspension_n without_o reduction_n january_n 25._o 1628._o kennedy_n contra_fw-la mackdougal_n spot_n minor_n nisbet_n contra_fw-la nisbet_n but_o if_o the_o minority_n be_v controverse_a and_o not_o instant_o verify_v it_o must_v be_v by_o reduction_n spot_n minor_n mr._n thomas_n craig_n advocate_n contra_fw-la cockburn_n renounciation_n to_o be_v heir_n be_v admit_v rebus_fw-la integris_fw-la though_o the_o decreet_a and_o charge_n be_v six_o year_n before_o july_n 20._o 1626._o harvie_n contra_fw-la baron_fw-fr yea_o it_o be_v admit_v though_o there_o be_v a_o adjudication_n and_o the_o decreet_a supsended_a which_o be_v declare_v to_o stand_v and_o the_o apparent_a heir_n person_n and_o proper_a estate_n be_v only_o free_v spot_n restitution_n in_o integrim_n john_n oliphant_n contra_fw-la mr._n william_n blackburn_n a_o renounciation_n to_o be_v heir_n be_v not_o admit_v with_o this_o quality_n except_v to_o the_o renouncer_n certain_a land_n whereinto_o he_o be_v appoint_v to_o be_v infeft_v by_o his_o father_n contract_n of_o marriage_n and_o whereupon_o inhibition_n be_v use_v before_o contract_v of_o the_o charger_n debt_n to_o the_o effect_n he_o may_v enter_v heir_n to_o those_o land_n january_n 23._o 1627._o lady_n ogilvy_n contra_fw-la lord_n ogilvy_n but_o in_o the_o like_a case_n hope_v inhibition_n donald_n thorntoun_n contra_fw-la bailzie_n june_n 15._o 1615._o and_o the_o like_a november_n 30._o 1620._o adamson_n contra_fw-la hamiltoun_n the_o apparent_a heir_n be_v suffer_v to_o renounce_v to_o be_v heir_n to_o his_o goodsire_n except_o as_o to_o those_o land_n which_o his_o goodsire_n have_v dispone_v to_o his_o father_n in_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n whereupon_o inhibition_n be_v use_v which_o the_o lord_n find_v a_o singular_a title_n consistent_a with_o a_o renounciation_n of_o the_o heretage_n ex_fw-la titulo_fw-la universali_fw-la the_o exception_n upon_o renounciation_n to_o be_v heir_n be_v elide_v if_o the_o defunct_n estate_n be_v burden_a with_o the_o heir_n
proper_a debt_n whichi_v take_v off_o by_o the_o dup_o of_o purge_v the_o same_o as_o appear_v in_o the_o decision_n before_o adduce_v the_o say_a exception_n be_v also_o elide_v by_o the_o reply_n as_o behave_v as_o heir_n albeit_o the_o same_o be_v libel_v as_o a_o several_a passive_a title_n march_v 18._o 1631._o reguel_n bennet_n contra_fw-la bennet_n 25._o the_o entry_n of_o heir_n be_v either_o of_o heir_n general_a or_o heir_n special_a the_o former_a require_v only_o a_o general_a service_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o all_o heir_n except_o heir_n in_o tack_n pension_n and_o heir_n nominatim_fw-la immediate_o substitute_n in_o band_n but_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n or_o provision_n must_v be_v serve_v that_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o the_o heir_n to_o who_o they_o be_v substitute_n be_v fail_v and_o therefore_o the_o only_a child_n of_o a_o marriage_n be_v find_v to_o have_v no_o title_n to_o pursue_v implement_n of_o the_o contract_n of_o marriage_n till_o he_o be_v serve_v heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n july_n 21._o 1676._o hay_o of_o drumelzier_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o tweeddale_n the_o general_n proceed_v thus_o a_o brieve_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o chancery_n of_o course_n without_o citation_n or_o supplication_n for_o serve_v such_o a_o person_n near_o and_o lawful_a heir_n to_o such_o a_o defunct_a it_o may_v be_v direct_v to_o any_o judge_n ordinar_n at_o the_o party_n option_n albeit_o the_o defunct_a nor_o the_o heir_n never_o live_v within_o that_o jurisdiction_n march_v 6._o 1630._o the_o laird_n of_o caskiben_fw-ge supplicant_n the_o lord_n may_v in_o case_n where_o a_o ancient_a or_o important_a service_n be_v require_v choose_v the_o judge_n most_o fit_v for_o the_o affair_n and_o when_o brieve_v pass_v of_o course_n they_o be_v obtain_v to_o any_o judge_n desire_v but_o they_o be_v easy_o advocate_n and_o remit_v to_o the_o macer_n with_o assessor_n in_o case_n of_o difficulty_n the_o tenor_n of_o the_o brieve_n be_v by_o way_n of_o precept_n from_o the_o king_n to_o the_o judge_n to_o inquire_v per_fw-la probos_fw-la &_o fideles_fw-la homines_fw-la patriae_fw-la that_o such_o a_o person_n die_v at_o the_o faith_n and_o peace_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n and_o that_o the_o user_n of_o the_o brieve_n be_v the_o near_a and_o lawful_a heir_n so_o this_o brieve_n have_v only_o these_o two_o head_n and_o thus_o not_o only_a heir_n of_o line_n may_v be_v serve_v general_o but_o also_o heir_n of_o conquest_n be_v to_o succeed_v to_o reversion_n heritable_a bond_n or_o the_o like_a right_n not_o have_v a_o infeftment_n or_o require_v a_o special_a service_n hope_v succession_n earl_n of_o dumbar_n heir_n and_o no_o doubt_n heir_n male_a may_v be_v serve_v general_o that_o they_o may_v succeed_v to_o the_o like_a right_n which_o may_v be_v conceive_v in_o their_o favour_n and_o whereunto_o they_o can_v have_v no_o other_o access_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n heir_n of_o a_o marriage_n may_v also_o be_v serve_v and_o heir_n of_o provision_n in_o band_n general_a service_n use_v to_o be_v include_v in_o special_a service_n as_o member_n thereof_o and_o a_o retour_fw-fr to_o a_o annualrent_a bear_v to_o be_v grant_v to_o heir_n whatsoever_o and_o that_o the_o person_n retour_v heir_n in_o the_o say_v annualrent_a be_v find_v to_o instruct_v he_o general_a heir_n though_o it_o do_v not_o bear_v per_fw-la expressum_fw-la that_o he_o be_v heir_n general_o but_o only_o in_o that_o annualrent_a feb._n 9_o 1676._o ricartoun_n drumniond_v contra_fw-la stirling_n of_o airdoch_n the_o general_a service_n of_o heir_n be_v retour_v do_v so_o establish_v right_n not_o have_v infeftment_n as_o disposition_n heritable_a bond_n reversion_n apprising_n and_o adjudication_n in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o heir_n serve_v as_o that_o no_o posterior_n heir_n can_v have_v right_o thereto_o unless_o they_o be_v serve_v heir_n to_o the_o person_n last_o serve_v heir_n though_o the_o right_o stand_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o firstacquirer_n and_o not_o of_o the_o last_o heir_n as_o a_o heritable_a bond_n or_o reversion_n remain_v in_o the_o name_n of_o afather_n to_o who_o his_o elder_a son_n be_v serve_v heir_n general_o who_o die_v without_o issue_n the_o second_o brother_n must_v be_v serve_v heir_n to_o his_o brother_n and_o not_o to_o his_o father_n therein_o as_o be_v think_v by_o all_o the_o lord_n after_o dispute_n in_o praesentia_fw-la albeit_o the_o matter_n be_v agree_v without_o decision_n spot_n heir_n captain_n peter_n rollo_n contra_fw-la stewart_n of_o 〈◊〉_d the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o general_a service_n be_v a_o compleatestablish_n of_o the_o right_n in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o therefore_o as_o in_o special_a service_n the_o heir_n be_v serve_v to_o he_o who_o die_v last_o vest_n and_o seize_v as_o offee_n whereby_o that_o right_o be_v establish_v so_o in_o the_o general_a service_n the_o heir_n must_v be_v serve_v to_o he_o in_o who_o person_n the_o right_o stand_v last_o and_o though_o in_o special_a service_n the_o heir_n can_v be_v serve_v to_o he_o who_o be_v last_o serve_v special_a heir_n unless_o he_o have_v be_v also_o infeft_v the_o reason_n thereof_o be_v because_o the_o special_a service_n as_o a_o incomplete_a right_n evanish_v and_o the_o next_o apparent_a heir_n must_v be_v serve_v again_o to_o the_o same_o defunct_a but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o in_o general_a service_n 26._o the_o entry_n of_o heir_n to_o land_n or_o annualrent_n the_o fee_n whereof_o be_v by_o infeftment_n be_v either_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o superior_a voluntarly_a or_o by_o law_n the_o former_a be_v by_o the_o superior_n precept_n which_o from_o the_o initial_a word_n thereof_o quia_fw-la mihi_fw-la clare_v constat_fw-la etc._n etc._n be_v call_v a_o precept_n of_o clare_n constat_fw-la by_o which_o the_o superior_a acknowledge_v that_o the_o defunct_a die_v last_o vest_n and_o seize_v in_o such_o land_n or_o annualrent_n and_o that_o the_o same_o be_v hold_v of_o he_o by_o such_o a_o tenor_n and_o that_o the_o obtainer_n of_o the_o precept_n be_v near_a and_o lawful_a heir_n to_o he_o in_o the_o say_a land_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o he_o be_v of_o lawful_a age_n for_o enter_v thereto_o and_o therefore_o command_v his_o bailiff_n to_o infeft_v he_o therein_o infeftment_n be_v past_o according_o giveth_z that_o party_n the_o real_a right_n of_o land_n or_o annualrent_n if_o do_v by_o the_o light_n superior_n it_o do_v also_o constitute_v the_o receiver_n thereof_o heir_n passiuè_fw-la and_o make_v he_o liable_a to_o his_o predecessor_n debt_n but_o it_o will_v not_o constitute_v or_o instruct_v he_o heir_n actiuè_fw-fr or_o give_v he_o a_o active_a title_n to_o pursue_v as_o heir_n yea_o it_o will_v not_o be_v a_o sufficient_a title_n as_o to_o the_o real_a right_n of_o the_o ground_n against_o any_o other_o party_n than_o those_o who_o acknowledge_v the_o giver_n thereof_o to_o be_v superior_a and_o the_o receiver_n to_o be_v heir_n for_o if_o upon_o any_o other_o colourable_a title_n they_o question_v any_o of_o these_o the_o infeftment_n and_o precept_n of_o clare_n constat_fw-la will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a alone_o unless_o it_o have_v obtain_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n or_o prescription_n 27._o like_o unto_o this_o be_v the_o entry_n of_o heir_n within_o burgh_n royal_a by_o hespand_n staple_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o burgh_n which_o be_v instruct_v by_o the_o instrument_n of_o seize_v only_o without_o other_o adminicle_n november_n 13._o 1623._o mershall_n contra_fw-la mershal_n july_n penult_n 1629._o wilson_n contra_fw-la stewart_n in_o which_o case_n though_o a_o seize_v by_o hesp_n and_o staple_n be_v sustain_v to_o instruct_v a_o heir_n actiuè_fw-fr yet_o it_o be_v only_o because_o this_o pursuer_fw-mi have_v be_v prove_v heir_n passiuè_fw-la the_o eby_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o that_o defender_n 28._o the_o secure_a entry_n of_o heir_n special_o in_o land_n or_o annalrent_n be_v by_o law_n the_o procedor_fw-la whereof_o be_v in_o this_o manner_n any_o person_n may_v summare_o 〈◊〉_d a_o brieve_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o general_a 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v direct_v by_o way_n of_o precept_n from_o the_o king_n or_o lord_n of_o the_o regality_n have_v chapel_n and_o chancelarie_n whereby_o the_o judge_n to_o who_o it_o be_v direct_v be_v ordain_v by_o a_o inquest_n upon_o oath_n to_o inquire_v who_o die_v last_o vest_n and_o seize_v as_o of_o fee_n in_o such_o land_n or_o annualrent_n and_o if_o at_o the_o faith_n and_o peace_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n and_o who_o be_v his_o near_a and_o lawful_a heir_n therein_o of_o who_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o chief_a by_o what_o service_n and_o what_o the_o value_n of_o it_o be_v now_o and_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o if_o the_o say_a heir_n be_v of_o lawful_a age_n in_o
money_n be_v lend_v and_o the_o obligement_n to_o repay_v be_v conceive_v thus_o to_o be_v pay_v at_o such_o a_o term_n to_o the_o lender_n and_o in_o case_n of_o his_o decease_n or_o fail_v he_o by_o decease_n or_o after_o his_o decease_n to_o such_o a_o person_n whence_o these_o question_n result_v first_o whether_o the_o lender_n be_v foot_n of_o the_o sum_n and_o the_o person_n substitute_n heir_n of_o provision_n or_o whether_o the_o person_n substitute_n be_v heir_n whether_o he_o may_v succeed_v at_o any_o time_n or_o only_o if_o the_o lender_n die_v before_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n as_o to_o the_o first_o question_n the_o person_n substitute_n be_v not_o foot_n but_o heir_n and_o the_o lender_n be_v not_o liferenter_fw-la but_o foot_n and_o therefore_o may_v dispose_v of_o the_o sum_n at_o pleasure_n by_o assignation_n legacy_n or_o otherwise_o as_o other_o fere_n may_v february_n 22._o 1623._o mr._n john_n leich_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o balnamoon_n february_n 28._o 1626._o tulliallan_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o clackmannan_n and_o where_o the_o clause_n bear_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o clackmannan_n and_o his_o spouse_n the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o two_o and_o in_o case_n of_o their_o decease_n to_o alexander_n bruce_n their_o son_n in_o fee_n with_o a_o obligement_n to_o infeft_a the_o spouse_n in_o liferent_a and_o the_o son_n in_o fee_n in_o a_o annualrent_a effeirand_n thereto_o yet_o the_o father_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_o to_o dispose_v of_o the_o sum._n the_o like_a be_v find_v feb._n 20._o 1629._o laird_n of_o drumkilbo_n contra_fw-la lord_n stormount_v where_o the_o father_n survive_v the_o term_n of_o payment_n though_o he_o free_o and_o without_o a_o cause_n onerous_a discharge_v the_o sum_n provide_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o he_o and_o fail_v he_o to_o his_o son_n though_o it_o bear_v a_o clause_n of_o infeftment_n to_o the_o father_n in_o liferent_a and_o to_o the_o son_n in_o fee_n but_o no_o infeftment_n follow_v the_o like_a though_o the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n subtitute_n be_v both_o infeft_v in_o one_o seasine_n july_n 23._o 1675._o laird_n of_o lamingtoun_n contra_fw-la muire_n of_o annistoun_n as_o to_o the_o second_o question_n the_o more_o ancient_a decision_n have_v interpret_v such_o clause_n strict_o thus_o that_o the_o sum_n payable_a at_o such_o a_o term_n to_o the_o first_o person_n shall_v be_v pay_v at_o that_o term_n to_o the_o person_n substitute_n so_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v payable_a at_o no_o term_n thereafter_o to_o the_o person_n substitute_n but_o if_o the_o first_o person_n survive_v the_o term_n of_o payment_n though_o he_o do_v nothing_o to_o alter_v the_o substitution_n the_o same_o shall_v not_o belong_v to_o the_o person_n substitute_n but_o to_o his_o heir_n hope_v succession_n spot_n assignation_n laird_n of_o bonytoun_n contra_fw-la john_n keith_n feb._n 22._o 1623._o john_n leich_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o balnamoon_n where_o it_o be_v find_v that_o such_o sum_n come_v under_o the_o first_o person_n survive_v the_o term_n their_o testament_n and_o belong_v to_o their_o executor_n but_o more_o frequent_a decision_n have_v with_o better_a reason_n interpret_v such_o clause_n on_o the_o contrary_a that_o the_o person_n substitute_n be_v heir_n of_o provision_n whensoever_o the_o defunct_a die_v whether_o before_o or_o after_o the_o term._n because_o constitution_n ofheir_n be_v simple_o and_o not_o ad_fw-la diem_fw-la but_o main_o because_o the_o ordinary_a intent_n of_o such_o clause_n be_v to_o appoint_v portion_n for_o the_o bairn_n name_v therein_o who_o therefore_o be_v substitute_n heir_n of_o provision_n to_o their_o father_n so_o that_o if_o he_o do_v not_o express_o alter_v or_o prejudge_v the_o substitution_n his_o intent_n be_v that_o they_o succeed_v he_o whensoever_o spot_n assignation_n currie_n contra_fw-la nimmo_n relict_n of_o john_n thomsom_n contra_fw-la william_n thomson_n the_o like_a in_o a_o legacy_n leave_v to_o a_o person_n and_o fail_v she_o by_o decease_n to_o another_o which_o be_v not_o find_v à _fw-fr fidei_fw-la commissum_fw-la to_o be_v restore_v by_o the_o first_o person_n to_o the_o second_o at_o her_o death_n and_o therefore_o the_o assigny_n of_o the_o first_o person_n be_v prefer_v spot_n disposition_n sarah_n reid_n contra_fw-la alexander_n downie_n january_n 18._o 1625._o wat_fw-mi contra_fw-la dobbie_fw-mi june_n 26._o 1634._o keith_n contra_fw-la inn_n therefore_o such_o sum_n bear_v no_o clause_n of_o infeftment_n yet_o fall_v under_o testament_n neither_o have_v the_o relict_n a_o three_o thereof_o hope_n succession_n in_o these_o substitution_n though_o the_o person_n be_v substitute_n as_o heir_n yet_o he_o be_v not_o proper_o heir_n and_o so_o need_v not_o to_o be_v enter_v by_o any_o service_n because_o he_o be_v nominate_v and_o there_o be_v no_o other_o heir_n but_o intailzy_n though_o some_o of_o the_o member_n of_o the_o tailzie_n be_v nominate_v yet_o because_o in_o land_n as_o be_v before_o say_v the_o person_n nominate_v be_v never_o the_o first_o heir_n therefore_o there_o must_v be_v a_o service_n to_o inquire_v whether_o the_o first_o heir_n fail_v or_o not_o which_o be_v unnecessary_a where_o there_o be_v one_o person_n only_o nominate_v to_o be_v heir_n concern_v which_o there_o needs_o beno_fw-la enquiry_n though_o the_o person_n substitute_v be_v as_o heir_n it_o follow_v not_o that_o they_o must_v be_v liable_a as_o heir_n of_o provision_n to_o the_o first_o person_n be_v debt_n contract_v before_o the_o substitution_n because_o they_o be_v not_o proper_o heir_n not_o require_v any_o service_n they_o be_v interpretatiuè_fw-fr like_a to_o heir_n because_o the_o nature_n and_o intent_n of_o such_o clause_n be_v not_o to_o constitute_v the_o first_o person_n as_o a_o naked_a liferenter_fw-la but_o that_o they_o be_v understand_v as_o if_o they_o be_v thus_o express_v with_o power_n to_o the_o first_o person_n to_o alter_v and_o dispone_v at_o his_o pleasure_n during_o his_o life_n so_o thereafter_o only_o the_o heir_n substitute_v take_v place_n though_o in_o these_o respect_n as_o heir_n yet_o in_o reality_n as_o secundary_a conditional_a or_o substitute_n fere_n but_o the_o substitute_n be_v liable_a other_o 〈◊〉_d heir_n and_o executor_n be_v discuss_v unless_o the_o person_n substitute_n abstain_v because_o the_o substitution_n be_v a_o gratuitous_a deed_n in_o prejudice_n of_o creditor_n post_fw-la contractum_fw-la debitum_fw-la and_o so_o annullable_n and_o the_o substitute_n meddle_v be_v liable_a to_o repay_v quoad_fw-la valorem_fw-la only_o but_o never_o by_o a_o universal_a passive_a title_n july_n 3._o 1666._o fleeming_a contra_fw-la fleeming_n the_o next_o difficulty_n be_v who_o be_v foot_n in_o provision_n or_o tailzy_n of_o sum_n annualrent_n or_o land_n in_o conjunctfee_n wherein_o these_o general_a rule_n do_v ordinary_o take_v place_n first_o that_o the_o last_o termination_n of_o heir_n whatsoever_o infer_v that_o person_n of_o the_o conjunctfeer_n who_o heir_n they_o be_v to_o be_v fere_n and_o the_o other_o liferenter_n 2._o when_o that_o be_v not_o express_v potior_fw-la est_fw-la conditio_fw-la masculi_fw-la the_o heir_n of_o the_o man_n be_v understand_v but_o these_o have_v their_o own_o limitation_n as_o first_o in_o movable_a good_n and_o sum_v provide_v to_o a_o man_n and_o a_o wife_n and_o their_o heir_n without_o i_o ntion_v which_o fail_v to_o who_o heir_n the_o same_o shall_v be_v due_a be_v find_v not_o to_o fall_v to_o the_o man_n heir_n but_o to_o divide_v equal_o betwixt_o the_o man_n and_o wife_n heir_n february_n 2._o 1632._o bartholomew_n contra_fw-la hassingtoun_n february_n 18._o 1637._o mungle_n contra_fw-la john_n steill_n yea_o a_o clause_n in_o a_o reversion_n redeemable_a by_o a_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n and_o their_o heir_n be_v find_v to_o constitute_v the_o wife_n foot_n of_o the_o reversion_n because_o she_o be_v foot_n of_o the_o land_n wadset_n hope_v liferent_a kincaid_n contra_fw-la menzies_n of_o pitfoddel_n but_o a_o assignation_n to_o a_o reversion_n provide_v to_o a_o man_n and_o wife_n the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o two_o and_o their_o heir_n be_v find_v to_o make_v the_o man_n only_a foot_n hope_v husband_n and_o wife_n walter_n collistoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o pitfoddel_n a_o clause_n in_o a_o charter_n provide_v land_n to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o two_o and_o the_o heir_n betwixt_o they_o which_o fail_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o man_n body_n which_o fail_v to_o the_o wife_n her_o heir_n whatsoever_o though_o the_o last_o termination_n be_v upon_o the_o wife_n yet_o the_o husband_n be_v find_v foot_n july_n 24._o 1622._o ramsey_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o conheath_n the_o like_a in_o a_o clause_n provide_v a_o sum_n be_v a_o wife_n tocher_n to_o the_o man_n and_o wife_n and_o the_o long_a liver_n of_o they_o two_o in_o conjunctfee_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n betwixt_o they_o which_o fail_v the_o wife_n heir_n yet_o the_o
delictum_fw-la shall_v not_o be_v competent_a after_o the_o intrometter_n death_n it_o be_v also_o think_v by_o the_o whole_a lord_n after_o dispute_v in_o presentia_fw-la upon_o this_o title_n that_o it_o take_v only_o place_n where_o there_o appear_v the_o apparent_a heir_n animus_n immiscendi_fw-la &_o adeundi_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la and_o not_o where_o he_o have_v any_o probable_a or_o colourable_a title_n spot_n heirship_n corser_n contra_fw-la durie_n yet_o in_o favourable_a case_n a_o small_a intromission_n be_v sustain_v as_o make_v use_n of_o the_o defnuct'_v chief_a bed_n and_o board_n though_o stand_v in_o the_o defunct_n house_n see_v the_o heir_n enter_v the_o house_n before_o he_o obtain_v inventary_a of_o the_o movable_n make_v by_o authority_n of_o a_o judge_n though_o the_o house_n belong_v to_o himself_o proprio_fw-la jure_fw-la march_n 8._o 1610._o john_n bailzie_n contra_fw-la hoom_n of_o bassenden_n or_o by_o intromission_n with_o a_o mazer_n cup_n of_o the_o defunct_n and_o drink_v therein_o enter_v in_o the_o house_n when_o he_o die_v lie_v in_o his_o bed_n and_o bed_n clothes_n stand_v there_o and_o wear_v his_o silk_n stocking_n though_o all_o these_o be_v undisposed_a upon_o and_o that_o the_o defunct_n mother_n who_o have_v give_v they_o to_o her_o son_n have_v meddle_v therewith_o who_o die_v in_o a_o chamber_n belong_v to_o his_o mother_n and_o his_o name_n be_v upon_o the_o mazer_n january_n 15._o 1630._o cleghorn_n contra_fw-la fairly_n 6._o there_o be_v two_o case_n of_o behave_v as_o heir_n viz._n intromission_n with_o the_o movable_a heirship_n and_o intromission_n with_o the_o land_n teind_n tack_n or_o other_o right_n which_o may_v have_v belong_v to_o the_o intromitter_n as_o heir_n in_o both_o which_o case_n the_o intromission_n will_v not_o infer_v this_o passive_a title_n unless_o the_o intrometter_n may_v succeed_v in_o the_o same_o particular_n and_o therefore_o the_o apparent_a heir_n of_o line_n and_o no_o other_o can_v be_v liable_a by_o intromission_n with_o heirship_n movable_a because_o the_o same_o can_v only_o belong_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n so_o the_o intromission_n with_o rent_n of_o land_n tiend_n or_o tack_v will_v not_o infer_v gestionem_fw-la unless_o by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n who_o will_v succeed_v therein_o according_a as_o they_o be_v provide_v to_o heir_n of_o line_n of_o conquest_n heir_n male_a or_o of_o tailzie_n or_o provision_n neither_o will_v any_o other_o intromission_n be_v relevant_a but_o what_o be_v immediate_a or_o by_o express_a warrant_n command_v or_o ratihabition_n 7._o a_o tutor_n or_o curator_n intromission_n will_v not_o infer_v gestionem_fw-la upon_o his_o pupil_n unless_o he_o accept_v the_o same_o from_o the_o tutor_n in_o his_o account_n nor_o the_o intromission_n of_o one_o have_v a_o general_a commission_n as_o factor_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v so_o find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o tutor_n intromission_n with_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o pupil_n predecessor_n land_n for_o the_o restitution_n whereof_o he_o be_v only_o find_v liable_a nevember_n 3._o 1665._o david_n boyd_n contra_fw-la tailzfair_n 8._o behave_v as_o heir_n by_o intromission_n with_o the_o movable_a heirship_n be_v most_o unquestionable_a when_o the_o say_v movable_a be_v choose_v draw_v and_o separat_fw-la by_o the_o heir_n from_o the_o remanent_fw-la moveable_n in_o which_o case_n the_o apparent_a heir_n will_v not_o be_v admit_v to_o allege_v that_o the_o defunct_a can_v not_o have_v a_o heir_n or_o heirship_n movable_a when_o he_o former_o draw_v the_o same_o july_n 13._o 1631._o laird_n of_o of_o gadgirth_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o auchinleck_n but_o it_o seem_v very_o hard_a where_o the_o apparent_a heir_n choice_n of_o such_o particular_n as_o the_o best_a of_o every_o kind_a for_o her_o heirship_n do_v not_o evident_o appear_v for_o that_o must_v be_v account_v the_o best_a which_o be_v such_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o apparent_a heir_n and_o yet_o in_o favourable_a case_n intromission_n with_o any_o kind_a of_o moveable_n out_o of_o which_o heirship_n may_v be_v draw_v will_v be_v find_v sufficient_a and_o repute_v as_o the_o heir_n choice_n as_o the_o apparent_a heir_n make_v use_n of_o his_o father_n board_n lie_v in_o his_o bed_n though_o he_o dispose_v not_o thereof_o and_o though_o the_o same_o be_v stand_v in_o a_o house_n dispone_v to_o he_o by_o his_o father_n before_o contract_v of_o the_o debt_n pursue_v on_o see_v he_o continue_v two_o year_n in_o possession_n and_o get_v no_o warrant_n from_o the_o lord_n or_o make_v any_o inventary_n thereof_o july_n 14._o 1626._o gilbert_n johnston_n and_o masson_n his_o spouse_n contra_fw-la masson_n the_o like_a by_o make_v use_n of_o the_o defunct's_n bassin_n silver_n spoon_n timber_n bed_n and_o board_n without_o alienation_n thereof_o though_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o intromission_n be_v when_o the_o intrometter_n be_v not_o apparent_a heir_n himself_o but_o be_v tutor_n to_o another_o heir_n who_o be_v idiot_n see_v he_o continue_v five_o year_n after_o the_o idiot_n death_n himself_o be_v then_o apparent_a heir_n january_n 17._o 1627._o frazer_n contra_fw-la monimusk_n yet_o the_o contrary_n be_v find_v where_o the_o intromission_n begin_v before_o the_o intrometter_n be_v apparent_a heir_n there_o be_v a_o near_a apparent_a heir_n though_o it_o continue_v after_o that_o near_o apparent_a heir_n death_n when_o the_o intrometter_n be_v apparent_a heir_n july_n 〈◊〉_d 1629._o mr._n robert_n cwingham_n contra_fw-la moultry_n yea_o behave_v as_o heir_n be_v sustain_v by_o intromission_n with_o certain_a good_n of_o the_o defunct_a which_o may_v have_v be_v heirship_n though_o they_o be_v confirm_v promiscous_o by_o a_o executor_n and_o buy_v from_o he_o by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n but_o this_o executor_n be_v his_o own_o domestic_a servant_n and_o confirm_v to_o his_o own_o behoof_n december_n 16._o 1630._o weir_n contra_fw-la ker_n of_o cavers_n the_o like_a where_o the_o heirship_n good_n be_v sell_v to_o the_o apparent_a heir_n by_o a_o stranger_n see_v they_o be_v not_o deliver_v to_o that_o stranger_n but_o possess_v by_o the_o defunct_a till_o his_o decease_n but_o his_o possession_n continue_v by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n nicol._n plus_fw-fr valet_fw-la quod_fw-la agitur_fw-la feb._n 9_o 1621._o melvil_n contra_fw-la melvil_n but_o the_o contrary_n be_v find_v the_o good_n be_v dispone_v by_o the_o defunct_a to_o the_o apparent_a heir_n albeit_o not_o deliver_v before_o his_o death_n otherways_o than_o that_o the_o defunct_a be_v un-married_n come_v to_o his_o son_n house_n and_o live_v with_o he_o till_o his_o death_n january_n 30._o 1630._o calderwood_n contra_fw-la porteous_n neither_o be_v the_o same_o infer_v by_o a_o disposition_n of_o the_o defunct_a to_o his_o apparent_a heir_n of_o certain_a moveable_n in_o satisfaction_n of_o his_o heirship_n moveable_n whereunto_o he_o may_v succeed_v feb._n 24._o 1636._o meidhope_n contra_fw-la hepburn_n 9_o the_o ordinary_a objection_n and_o exception_n against_o behave_v as_o heir_n by_o intromission_n with_o the_o heirship_n movable_a be_v first_o that_o the_o defunct_a be_v neither_o prelate_n baron_n nor_o burgess_n to_o who_o heir_n only_o heirship_v movable_a be_v competent_a by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o extent_n whereof_o be_v show_v in_o the_o former_a title_n and_o therefore_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi must_v condescend_v and_o instruct_v that_o the_o defunct_a be_v either_o baron_n prelat_n or_o burgess_n which_o will_v besufficient_o instruct_v by_o the_o defunct_n infeftment_n of_o land_n or_o annualrent_n at_o any_o time_n for_o thence_o it_o will_v be_v presume_v that_o he_o continue_v undenude_v till_o his_o death_n semel_fw-la baro_fw-la semper_fw-la baro_fw-la presumptiuè_fw-la and_o this_o will_v be_v elide_v by_o this_o exception_n that_o the_o defunct_a be_v denude_v before_o his_o death_n for_o though_o some_o have_v be_v of_o opinion_n that_o semel_fw-la baro_fw-la semper_fw-la baro_fw-la be_v mean_v that_o though_o a_o person_n once_o infeft_v be_v denude_v yet_o his_o heir_n will_v have_v heirship_n as_o a_o baron_n for_o which_o i_o find_v neither_o reason_n nor_o decision_n but_o it_o be_v most_o reasonable_a that_o he_o who_o be_v once_o prove_v to_o be_v a_o baron_n shall_v be_v presume_v so_o to_o continue_v unless_o the_o contrary_n be_v prove_v that_o he_o be_v denude_v it_o be_v so_o find_v january_n 27._o 1636._o straiton_n contra_fw-la chirnside_n but_o if_o the_o legal_a be_v not_o expire_v at_o the_o defunct_n death_n he_o be_v not_o esteem_v denude_v and_o therefore_o his_o heir_n have_v heirship_n feb._n 26._o 1663._o cuthbert_n of_o draky_n contra_fw-la monro_n of_o foulis_n july_n 8._o 1628._o dumbar_n contra_fw-la lesly_n neither_o will_v it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o the_o defunct_a be_v once_o burgess_n but_o itmu_v be_v prove_v that_o when_o he_o die_v he_o be_v act_v as_o a_o burgess_n so_o that_o neither_o the_o heir_n of_o honorary_a burgess_n nor_o they_o who_o once_o be_v
traffic_v burgess_n and_o take_v themselves_o to_o a_o country_n life_n their_o heir_n will_v have_v heirship_n movable_a and_o therefore_o semel_fw-la civis_fw-la semper_fw-la civis_fw-la be_v not_o presume_v neither_o semel_fw-la paerlatus_fw-la semper_fw-la praelatus_fw-la for_o if_o a_o benefice_a person_n be_v deprive_v or_o demit_v before_o the_o death_n his_o heir_n will_v have_v no_o heirship_n movable_a 10._o the_o second_o defense_n against_o intromission_n with_o heirship_n movable_a and_o which_o be_v also_o competent_a against_o vicious_a intromission_n be_v that_o the_o defunct_a die_v rebel_n and_o his_o escheat_n be_v gifxt_v and_o declare_v before_o intent_v of_o the_o creditor_n pursuit_n june_n 10._o 1663._o gordon_n of_o lismoir_n contra_fw-la keith_n june_n 10._o 1674._o lady_n spenserfield_n contra_fw-la hamilton_n of_o kilbrachmount_n december_n 22._o 1674._o heir_n of_o seatoun_n of_o blair_n contra_fw-la sir_n alexander_n seatoun_n and_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o allege_v that_o the_o apparent_a heir_n have_v any_o right_a or_o tolerance_n from_o the_o donatar_n for_o the_o exception_n be_v equiparat_fw-la to_o executor_n confirm_v against_o vicious_a intromission_n whereby_o vicious_a intromission_n be_v exclude_v albeit_o the_o intromission_n be_v before_o another_o be_v confirm_v executor_n if_o the_o confirmation_n be_v before_o intent_v of_o the_o creditor_n cause_n but_o it_o be_v no_o relevant_a defense_n that_o the_o defunct_a die_v rebel_n and_o so_o have_v no_o moveable_n but_o that_o they_o be_v confiscate_v neither_o be_v it_o sufficient_a that_o the_o escheat_n be_v gift_v not_o be_v also_o declare_v before_o the_o creditor_n pursuit_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o say_v two_o first_o case_n 11._o the_o three_o defense_n be_v that_o the_o apparent_a heir_n intromet_v by_o a_o gift_n to_o himself_o or_o to_o his_o behoof_n or_o by_o a_o right_n or_o tolerance_n from_o a_o donatar_n these_o be_v prior_n to_o the_o creditor_n pursuit_n although_o posterior_n to_o his_o intromission_n albeit_o not_o declare_v be_v relevant_a because_o the_o donatar_n thereby_o be_v in_o possession_n and_o needs_o no_o declarator_n feb._n 26._o 1663._o cuthbirt_n of_o draky_n contra_fw-la monro_n of_o 〈◊〉_d june_n 10._o 1663._o gordon_n of_o lismoir_n contra_fw-la keith_n july_n 4._o 1674._o mr._n william_n innes_n contra_fw-la george_n wilson_n june_n 10._o 1674._o lady_n spenserfield_n contra_fw-la hamilton_n of_o kilbrachmont_n feb._n 10._o 1676._o grant_v contra_fw-la grant_n 12._o the_o four_o exception_n be_v when_o movable_n belong_v to_o a_o defunct_a remain_v in_o his_o house_n whereunto_o his_o apparent_a heir_n have_v right_o by_o infeftment_n wherein_o the_o defunct_a have_v his_o liferent_a or_o tolerance_n if_o the_o heir_n enter_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o house_n if_o at_o his_o entry_n he_o represent_v to_o any_o competent_a judge_n that_o there_o be_v movable_n in_o or_o about_o the_o house_n belong_v to_o the_o defunct_a which_o he_o desire_v to_o be_v inventary_v or_o that_o such_o as_o can_v be_v preserve_v may_v be_v sell_v that_o the_o price_n may_v be_v make_v forthcoming_a to_o all_o party_n have_v interest_n if_o inventary_a or_o sale_n be_v make_v by_o warrant_n of_o that_o judge_n the_o continue_v of_o these_o movable_n in_o the_o house_n or_o the_o sale_n of_o those_o which_o can_v be_v preserve_v will_v not_o infer_v behave_v as_o heir_n yet_o the_o make_v use_n of_o the_o thing_n in_o the_o inventary_a or_o the_o sale_n of_o that_o which_o be_v not_o warrant_v yea_o the_o ommission_n out_o of_o the_o inventary_a of_o movable_n of_o any_o considerable_a value_n be_v find_v to_o infer_v behaviour_n january_n 25._o 1632._o helen_n scarlet_n contra_fw-la john_n paterson_n 13._o the_o other_o ordinary_a member_n of_o behave_v as_o heir_n be_v by_o intromission_n with_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n or_o tiend_n whereunto_o the_o defunct_a have_v right_o by_o infeftment_n or_o enter_v in_o possession_n of_o these_o land_n and_o tiend_n unto_o which_o the_o apparent_a heir_n will_v succeed_v which_o be_v the_o most_o direct_a behaviour_n as_o heir_n and_o be_v only_o competent_a against_o such_o person_n as_o may_v be_v heir_n in_o that_o whereinto_o they_o immix_v themselves_o and_o so_o a_o heir_n of_o line_n poslessing_n or_o intromet_v with_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n provide_v to_o heir_n male_a or_o to_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n or_o provision_n or_o the_o intromission_n of_o these_o with_o the_o profit_n of_o land_n or_o tiend_n befalling_a to_o heir_n of_o line_n will_v only_o infer_v restitution_n or_o reparation_n but_o will_v not_o infer_v a_o general_a passive_a title_n make_v the_o party_n liable_a to_o all_o the_o defunct_n debt_n 14._o there_o be_v many_o defence_n which_o use_v to_o be_v propon_v against_o this_o species_n of_o behaviour_n as_o first_o it_o be_v a_o ordinary_a custom_n to_o shun_v this_o passive_a title_n that_o the_o apparent_a heir_n grant_v a_o bond_n of_o purpose_n to_o adjudge_v the_o defunct_n right_a upon_o the_o apparent_a heir_n renounciation_n and_o then_o take_v right_o to_o the_o adjudication_n till_o the_o lord_n by_o a_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la feb._n 28._o 1662._o do_v declare_v that_o if_o apparent_a heir_n shall_v in_o time_n come_v take_v right_o to_o any_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n of_o their_o predecessor_n right_n for_o their_o own_o debt_n and_o do_v 〈◊〉_d thereby_o whether_o before_o or_o after_o expyre_v of_o the_o legal_a they_o shall_v be_v liable_a as_o behave_v as_o heir_n which_o have_v always_o since_o be_v follow_v and_o therefore_o no_o defense_n for_o such_o right_n will_v be_v sustain_v albeit_o it_o be_v a_o true_a debt_n of_o the_o apparent_a heir_n and_o not_o a_o simulat_fw-la bond_n grant_v of_o design_n to_o adjudge_v or_o apprise_n neither_o be_v it_o a_o relevant_a defense_n that_o the_o land_n or_o teind_n be_v apprise_v or_o adjudge_v from_o the_o defunct_a albeit_o infeftment_n have_v follow_v thereupon_o if_o the_o heir_n apparent_a intromet_n without_o right_n or_o warrant_v from_o the_o appryser_n or_o adjudger_n within_o the_o legal_a feb._n 21._o 1663._o henry_n hamilton_n contra_fw-la william_n hamilton_n but_o it_o be_v a_o relevant_a exception_n that_o the_o apparent_a heir_n intromission_n or_o possession_n be_v by_o right_o from_o a_o appryser_n or_o adjudger_n though_o the_o legal_a be_v not_o expire_v unless_o the_o sum_n be_v full_o satisfy_v by_o intromission_n or_o otherways_o january_n 10._o 1662._o barclay_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o cragievar_n the_o like_a though_o the_o apparent_a heir_n continue_v to_o possess_v for_o some_o time_n after_o the_o appryse_v be_v satisfy_v by_o intromission_n feb._n 26._o 1663._o cuthbert_n of_o draky_n contra_fw-la monro_n of_o foulis_n yea_o intromission_n with_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o defunct_n land_n by_o his_o apparent_a heir_n waselide_v by_o a_o tolerance_n from_o a_o donatar_n of_o recognition_n albeit_o not_o declare_v till_o after_o his_o intromission_n the_o apparent_a heir_n pay_v the_o single_a value_n of_o his_o intromission_n july_n 17._o 1666._o thomas_n ogilvie_n contra_fw-la lord_n grace_n but_o a_o tolerance_n from_o appryser_n after_o their_o intromission_n be_v not_o find_v relevant_a july_n 11._o 1671._o sr._n george_n maxvell_n contra_fw-la maxvel_n yet_o the_o apparent_a heir_n intromission_n be_v elide_v because_o the_o defunct_n right_n be_v improven_v though_o after_o the_o intromission_n march_n 22._o 1628._o roderick_n farquhar_n contra_fw-la campbel_n of_o kingingcluch_v and_o a_o apparent_a heir_n intromission_n be_v elide_v by_o a_o colourable_a title_n though_o not_o valid_a whereby_o the_o heir_n of_o a_o marriage_n be_v enter_v and_o infeft_v as_o heir_n to_o her_o mother_n yet_o her_o infeftment_n be_v reduce_v and_o her_o father_n be_v find_v foot_n in_o a_o dubious_a provision_n of_o conjunct-fee_n the_o heir_n so_o serve_v be_v not_o find_v liable_a as_o behave_v as_o heir_n to_o her_o father_n but_o only_a quoad_fw-la valorem_fw-la of_o her_o intromission_n july_n 12._o 1671._o adam_n gairns_n contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d sandielands_n but_o it_o be_v not_o elide_v because_o the_o apparent_a heir_n pass_v by_o his_o father_n and_o be_v infeft_v as_o heir_n to_o his_o good-sire_n though_o his_o father_n be_v infeft_v that_o colourable_a title_n be_v not_o sustain_v the_o apparent_a heir_n be_v in_o mala_fw-la fide_fw-la have_v the_o evident_n in_o his_o hand_n november_n 23._o 1671._o rorieson_n contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d yet_o behave_v as_o heir_n be_v not_o infer_v by_o the_o heir_n apparant_n intromet_v with_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n which_o his_o predecessor_n have_v dispone_v in_o trust_n to_o a_o three_o party_n for_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o apparent_a heir_n and_o whereupon_o the_o entrust_v be_v infeft_v january_n 14._o 1662._o nicol_n contra_fw-la home_n of_o planderge_v but_o intromission_n by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n be_v elide_v by_o a_o disposition_n by_o a_o defunct_a to_o the_o apparent_a heir_n son_n his_o oye_n though_o without_o
infeftment_n or_o by_o a_o tack_v to_o the_o apparent_a heir_n husband_n though_o expire_v before_o the_o defunct_n death_n as_o be_v continue_v per_fw-la tacitam_fw-la 〈◊〉_d january_n 16._o 1667._o reid_n contra_fw-la salmond_n behave_v as_o heir_n be_v infer_v by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n enter_v in_o possession_n of_o a_o coal-heugh_a whereof_o the_o defunct_a have_v tack_n for_o term_n to_o run_v albeit_o the_o apparent_a heir_n take_v a_o new_a tack_v june_n 26._o 1610._o atchison_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o cockpen_n the_o like_a though_o the_o apparent_a heir_n take_v a_o gist_n of_o the_o defunct_n escheat_n who_o have_v a_o unexpired_a tack_v of_o the_o land_n and_o pretend_v to_o possess_v as_o donatar_n to_o the_o single_a escheat_n june_n 28._o 1610._o crawford_n contra_fw-la cockpen_n 15._o behave_v as_o heir_n be_v also_o infer_v by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n give_v a_o receipt_n of_o the_o defunct_n charter_n chest_n and_o keep_v it_o two_o year_n without_o protestation_n or_o inventary_a june_n 28._o 1670._o ellis_n of_o southside_n contra_fw-la carse_n 16._o behave_v as_o heir_n will_v also_o be_v infer_v by_o uplift_v or_o discharge_v sum_n principal_a or_o annual_a which_o will_v befall_v to_o the_o party_n heir_n or_o by_o do_v any_o deed_n that_o may_v transmit_v the_o defunct_n right_a but_o it_o be_v not_o find_v infer_v by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n renounce_v to_o be_v heir_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o heir_n male_a to_o who_o their_o father_n have_v dispone_v see_v they_o give_v no_o right_a thereby_o hurtful_a to_o creditor_n though_o they_o get_v a_o sum_n for_o their_o kindness_n and_o willing_a renounciation_n july_n 5._o 1666._o laurence_n scot_n contra_fw-la heir_n of_o auchinleck_n neither_o by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n get_v benefit_n by_o a_o transaction_n with_o a_o party_n have_v right_o from_o the_o defunct_a grant_v on_o deathbed_n and_o be_v oblige_v to_o acquire_v the_o defunct_n debt_n and_o apprise_n thereon_o and_o to_o communicate_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o apprise_n unless_o a_o deed_n have_v be_v do_v communicate_v any_o right_n of_o the_o defunct_a july_n 19_o 1666._o margaret_n nevoy_n contra_fw-la lord_n balmerino_n but_o behaviour_n be_v not_o infer_v by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n take_v out_o of_o brieve_n see_v the_o same_o be_v not_o serve_v june_n 28._o 1670._o ellis_n of_o southside_n contra_fw-la carse_n neither_o be_v it_o infer_v by_o propon_a payment_n of_o the_o defunct_n debt_n and_o succumb_a which_o be_v only_o effectual_a as_o to_o that_o process_n july_n 16._o 1629._o murray_n contra_fw-la ross._n january_n 21._o 1675._o james_n tailzifer_fw-la contra_fw-la john_n corsan_fw-la neither_o be_v it_o infer_v by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n voluntary_a payment_n of_o their_o predecessor_n debt_n january_n 26._o 1628._o commissar_n of_o dunkel_n contra_fw-la abercromby_n 17._o there_o be_v the_o same_o ground_n for_o exclude_v this_o passive_a title_n unless_o it_o be_v establish_v against_o the_o apparent_a heir_n in_o his_o own_o life_n as_o to_o exclude_v vicious_a intromission_n which_o have_v frequent_o be_v repel_v when_o not_o establish_v in_o the_o intrometter_n life_n 18._o it_o remain_v now_o to_o consider_v whether_o behave_v as_o heir_n be_v a_o vicious_a passive_a title_n will_v import_v more_o than_o if_o the_o apparent_a heir_n have_v be_v actual_o enter_v which_o may_v occur_v in_o two_o case_n first_o where_o heirs-portioners_a behave_v themselves_o as_o heir_n whether_o they_o will_v be_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la or_o only_o pro_fw-la rata_fw-la 2._o whether_o those_o who_o behave_v themselves_o as_o heir_n will_v have_v the_o same_o benefit_n of_o the_o order_n of_o discuss_v and_o relief_n as_o if_o they_o be_v actual_o enter_v as_o to_o the_o first_o case_n the_o behaviour_n of_o heirs-portioners_a can_v oblige_v they_o in_o solidum_fw-la but_o in_o so_o far_o only_o as_o if_o they_o be_v actual_o enter_v heir_n which_o be_v always_o pro_fw-la rata_fw-la parte_fw-la according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o heirs-portioners_a non_fw-la per_fw-la capita_fw-la sed_fw-la per_fw-la stirpes_fw-la but_o as_o it_o have_v be_v yet_o undetermined_a whether_o heirs-portioners_a may_v be_v liable_a for_o more_o than_o their_o share_n of_o the_o debt_n not_o exceed_v their_o share_n of_o the_o benefit_n to_o which_o they_o have_v succeed_v there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o if_o heirs-portioners_a behave_v as_o heir_n they_o will_v be_v make_v liable_a quoad_fw-la valorem_fw-la of_o their_o intromission_n if_o it_o do_v exceed_v their_o share_n as_o to_o the_o other_o case_n behave_v as_o heir_n be_v a_o vicious_a passive_a title_n they_o will_v not_o have_v the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o discuss_v which_o be_v only_o competent_a to_o heir_n lawful_o enter_v yea_o they_o will_v not_o have_v relief_n from_o the_o heir_n who_o be_v liable_a before_o they_o because_o they_o have_v in_o their_o person_n no_o active_a title_n yet_o it_o be_v in_o arbitrio_fw-la judicis_fw-la to_o ordain_v the_o creditor_n on_o satisfaction_n to_o assign_v his_o right_n by_o which_o the_o heir_n behave_v may_v indirect_o attain_v relief_n as_o assigny_n by_o the_o creditor_n this_o favour_n will_v not_o be_v refuse_v unless_o the_o manner_n of_o behaviour_n be_v very_o odious_a as_o when_o it_o be_v fraudulent_a by_o conceal_v the_o immixtion_n or_o that_o the_o creditor_n himself_o have_v a_o other_o interest_n may_v be_v prejudge_v by_o his_o assignation_n and_o therefore_o heir_n behave_v if_o distress_v for_o movable_a debt_n they_o have_v no_o direct_a recourse_n against_o executor_n and_o if_o the_o executory_a be_v mean_a so_o that_o there_o be_v small_a provision_n for_o the_o wife_n and_o child_n the_o creditor_n will_v not_o be_v ordain_v to_o assign_v and_o it_o may_v so_o fall_v out_o in_o other_o case_n the_o same_o reason_n may_v occur_v where_o heir_n of_o conquest_n or_o heir_n male_a of_o tailzie_n or_o provision_n behave_v if_o the_o prior_n heir_n who_o be_v near_a of_o blood_n have_v little_a benefit_n and_o provision_n title_n xxix_o lucrative_a successor_n 1._o the_o rise_n of_o this_o passive_a title_n 2._o it_o takès_fw-fr place_n though_o the_o disposition_n bear_v cause_n onerous_a 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v otherwise_o instruct_v 3._o it_o be_v extend_v to_o disposition_n in_o contract_n of_o marriage_n in_o some_o case_n 4._o lucrative_a disposition_n of_o any_o part_n of_o the_o heritage_n infer_v this_o passive_a title_n 5._o this_o title_n be_v extend_v to_o disposition_n make_v to_o oyes_o though_o then_o not_o immediate_a apparent_a heir_n but_o not_o to_o brother_n though_o none_o then_o near_a 6._o whether_o it_o suffice_v to_o infer_v this_o title_n that_o the_o infeftment_n be_v after_o the_o debt_n or_o if_o the_o disposition_n whereon_o the_o infeftment_n proceed_v must_v also_o be_v after_o 7._o case_n in_o which_o this_o title_n take_v no_o place_n there_o be_v no_o nation_n have_v be_v more_o favourable_a to_o creditor_n or_o more_o studious_a of_o their_o satisfaction_n than_o this_o which_o have_v anticipate_v all_o conveyance_n device_n and_o fraud_n prejudicial_a to_o creditor_n either_o in_o favour_n of_o singular_a successor_n by_o simulate_v assignation_n or_o disposition_n without_o equivalent_a onerous_a cause_n or_o in_o favour_n of_o apparent_a heir_n that_o they_o may_v in_o no_o way_n enjoy_v their_o predecessor_n 〈◊〉_d without_o satisfy_v their_o debt_n which_o have_v give_v the_o rise_n to_o this_o passive_a title_n whereby_o apparent_a heir_n accept_v disposition_n from_o their_o predecessor_n of_o their_o heretage_n wherein_o they_o will_v have_v succeed_v or_o any_o part_n thereof_o be_v make_v liable_a to_o all_o their_o predecessor_n debt_n contract_v before_o such_o disposition_n or_o right_n and_o the_o acceptance_n thereof_o be_v account_v praeceptio_fw-la haereditatis_fw-la and_o as_o a_o immixtion_n with_o the_o inheritance_n make_v the_o apparent_a heir_n to_o represent_v the_o defunct_a passiuè_fw-fr yet_o with_o this_o temperament_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v liable_a only_o to_o the_o debt_n contract_v before_o the_o disposition_n or_o right_o make_v to_o he_o by_o the_o defunct_a in_o which_o right_o he_o may_v have_v succeed_v wherein_o apparent_a heir_n be_v most_o expedient_o difference_v from_o the_o other_o singular_a successor_n without_o onerous_a cause_n that_o these_o be_v not_o ordinary_o personal_o liable_a except_o in_o so_o far_o as_o they_o have_v dispose_v of_o such_o right_n as_o be_v fraudulent_o dispone_v to_o they_o in_o trust_n and_o in_o which_o they_o be_v interpose_v person_n to_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o disponer_n or_o his_o child_n but_o these_o right_n be_v always_o reduceable_a at_o the_o instance_n of_o anterior_a creditor_n but_o because_o such_o fraud_n be_v more_o incident_a to_o apparent_a heir_n therefore_o these_o be_v personal_o liable_a for_o the_o whole_a anterior_a debt_n and_o the_o right_o grant_v by_o they_o may_v also_o be_v reduce_v upon_o the_o statute_n 1621._o yet_o the_o personal_a obligement_n
who_o come_v in_o their_o place_n and_o be_v nominate_v of_o the_o estate_n of_o parliament_n ambulatory_a and_o the_o senator_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n be_v invest_v with_o the_o power_n of_o both_o and_o their_o person_n and_o the_o place_n of_o judicature_n become_v fix_v and_o have_v so_o continue_v near_o the_o space_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n this_o court_n be_v much_o improven_v by_o your_o majesty_n royal_a grandfather_n who_o delight_v exceed_o in_o it_o and_o honouredit_v frequent_o with_o his_o presence_n while_o he_o be_v in_o scotland_n so_o do_v your_o royal_a father_n when_o he_o come_v to_o scotland_n to_o be_v crown_v and_o your_o majesty_n have_v own_v and_o encourage_v it_o more_o than_o any_o your_o majesty_n do_v not_o demand_n or_o expect_v great_a revenue_n from_o this_o kingdom_n that_o which_o we_o can_v be_v useful_a in_o to_o your_o majesty_n be_v our_o personal_a service_n and_o our_o firm_a adherence_n to_o your_o crown_n and_o monarchy_n and_o to_o your_o royal_a family_n in_o which_o we_o have_v a_o peculiar_a interest_n and_o which_o no_o time_n can_v communicate_v to_o any_o of_o your_o other_o dominion_n which_o they_o neither_o can_v claim_v nor_o shall_v invy_v that_o you_o be_v of_o our_o nation_n and_o have_v govern_v we_o during_o twenty_o century_n and_o more_o and_o by_o we_o you_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a king_n in_o the_o world_n which_o be_v the_o most_o noble_a and_o resplendent_a jewel_n in_o your_o crown_n what_o family_n on_o earth_n can_v parallel_v that_o motto_n which_o a_o hundred_o year_n ago_o be_v write_v about_o your_o royal_a ensign_n upon_o your_o palace_n nobis_fw-la haec_fw-la invicta_fw-la miserunt_fw-la centum_fw-la sex_n proavi_fw-la therefore_o your_o royal_a family_n have_v be_v betroth_v to_o a_o virgin_n crown_n which_o never_o know_v another_o husband_n and_o though_o it_o have_v be_v darken_v with_o cloud_n and_o recess_n yet_o never_o be_v and_o i_o hope_v never_o shall_v be_v in_o widuity_n the_o mutual_a affection_n betwixt_o your_o majesty_n royal_a family_n and_o this_o nation_n be_v a_o prime_a interest_n to_o both_o which_o shall_v be_v much_o encourage_v and_o improven_v your_o majesty_n without_o just_a ground_n of_o jealousy_n to_o your_o other_o kingdom_n may_v own_o a_o peculiar_a care_n of_o we_o and_o weought_v to_o 〈◊〉_d a_o singular_a kindness_n to_o and_o confidence_n in_o your_o majesty_n and_o your_o royal_a successor_n this_o may_v he_o so_o promove_v that_o your_o majesty_n may_v by_o treaty_n have_v army_n of_o this_o nation_n abroad_o entertain_v without_o your_o charge_n and_o ready_a at_o your_o call_n as_o you_o have_v dowglas_n regiment_n in_o france_n which_o may_v secure_v your_o peace_n at_o home_n and_o make_v you_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o less_o aid_n from_o your_o people_n you_o may_v also_o have_v thrive_a plantation_n abroad_o if_o these_o who_o every_o year_n go_v from_o this_o nation_n to_o seek_v their_o fortune_n abroad_o be_v direct_v and_o encourage_v and_o it_o be_v certain_o a_o great_a interest_n to_o keep_v the_o nation_n at_o home_n in_o constant_a affection_n index_n of_o the_o title_n of_o the_o whole_a book_n with_o the_o summary_n subjoin_v part_n i._n title_n i._n common_a principle_n of_o law_n 1_o description_n of_o law_n 2_o description_n and_o division_n of_o justice_n 3_o divine_a law_n 4_o reason_n 5_o conscience_n 6_o equity_n 7_o moral_a law_n 8_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n 9_o judicial_a law_n 10_o law_n of_o nation_n 11_o civil_a law_n 12_o feudal_n law_n 13_o canon_n law_n 14_o the_o reason_n of_o humane_a law_n 15_o the_o law_n of_o scotland_n 16_o whether_o law_n may_v be_v handle_v as_o a_o rational_a discipline_n 17_o three_o common_a principle_n of_o equity_n and_o three_o of_o positive_a law_n 18_o obedience_n 19_o freedom_n 20_o engagement_n 21_o description_n and_o division_n of_o right_n 22_o method_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o method_n here_o propose_v title_n ii_o of_o liberty_n 1_o liberty_n describe_v 2_o liberty_n 〈◊〉_d from_o dominion_n and_o obligation_n 3_o the_o principle_n whence_o liberty_n arise_v 4_o restraint_n and_o constraint_n 5_o liberty_n be_v bound_v by_o obedience_n 6_o it_o be_v diminish_v by_o delinquence_n 7_o by_o engagement_n 8_o by_o subjection_n 9_o liberty_n be_v lose_v by_o bondage_n 10_o bondage_n introduce_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n 11_o bondage_n lawful_a 12_o manrent_n 13_o manumission_n 14_o patronage_n 15_o the_o condition_n of_o our_o servant_n 16_o injury_n agaio_v liberty_n how_o obviat_fw-la title_n iii_o of_o obligation_n 1_o personal_n right_n and_o obligation_n describe_v 2_o kind_n of_o obligation_n 3_o obediential_a obligation_n describe_v 4_o divide_v 5_o enumerat_fw-la 6_o obligation_n natural_a and_o civil_a 7_o obligation_n principal_a and_o accessary_n 8_o obligation_n pure_a conditional_a and_o to_o a_o day_n title_n iu._n conjugal_a obligation_n 1_o marriage_n a_o divine_a contract_n 2_o whereby_o marriage_n be_v formal_o constitute_v 3_o dissolution_n of_o marriage_n by_o death_n 4_o desertion_n and_o adherence_n 5_o jus_fw-la mariti_fw-la 6_o the_o husband_n obligation_n 7_o the_o power_n of_o the_o husband_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n 8_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o neighbour_n nation_n 9_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o scotland_n 10_o the_o wife_n escheat_n 11_o the_o husband_n be_v concourse_n 12_o a_o wife_n obligation_n null_a 13_o a_o communion_n of_o good_n and_o debt_n 14_o donation_n betwixt_o man_n and_o wife_n revocable_a 15_o dissolution_n of_o marriage_n within_o the_o year_n 16_o divorce_n 17_o right_n arise_v from_o the_o dissolution_n of_o marriage_n 18_o privilege_n of_o wife_n title_n v._o obligation_n between_o parent_n and_o child_n 1_o obligation_n betwixt_o parent_n and_o child_n be_v divine_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 2_o the_o power_n of_o parent_n over_o their_o child_n 3_o in_o infancy_n 4_o in_o minority_n 5_o in_o majority_n 6_o oeconomical_a government_n 7_o provision_n of_o child_n 8_o obligation_n of_o child_n to_o their_o parent_n 9_o aliment_n due_a to_o parent_n 10_o obligation_n mutual_a of_o child_n 11_o patria_fw-la potestas_fw-la among_o the_o roman_n 12_o among_o other_o nation_n especial_o as_o lawful_a administration_n 13_o forissawiliation_n and_o emancipation_n title_n vi_o obligation_n of_o tutor_n and_o curator_n pupil_n minor_n and_o person_n interdict_v 1_o the_o rise_n of_o tutory_a in_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 2_o order_n of_o tutory_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 3_o the_o natural_a obligation_n of_o tutor_n 4_o pupil_n obligation_n to_o their_o tutor_n 5_o kind_n of_o tutor_n by_o the_o common_a law_n 6_o tutor_n testamentar_n 7_o tutor_n testamentar_n exclude_v all_o other_o 8_o tutor_n of_o law_n who_o 9_o how_o tutor_n of_o law_n be_v enter_v 10_o the_o time_n within_o which_o they_o must_v enter_v 11_o tutor_n dative_n 12_o pre-tutor_n 13_o factor_n for_o tutor_n 14_o contutor_n 15_o tutor_n custody_n of_o the_o pupil_n person_n 16_o tutor_n authorise_v their_o pupil_n 17_o tutor_n or_o their_o factor_n rightsrelate_v to_o the_o pupil_n accresce_fw-it to_o they_o 18_o tutor_n can_v only_o do_v necessary_a not_o free_a arbitrary_a deed_n but_o may_v not_o sell_v land_n sine_fw-la authoritate_fw-la judicis_fw-la 19_o tutor_n be_v liable_a for_o annualrent_a for_o their_o pupil_n mean_n 20_o tutor_n be_v conveenable_a with_o their_o pupil_n and_o liable_a in_o quantum_fw-la intus_fw-la babent_fw-la 21_o tutor_n account_n 22_o tutor_n be_v liable_a for_o exact_a diligence_n both_o for_o intromission_n and_o omission_n 23_o tutor_n be_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la 24_o tutory_a how_v finish_v 25_o tutor_n of_o idiot_n &_o furious_a person_n 26_o gesta_fw-la tutarum_fw-la accrescunt_fw-la pupillis_fw-la 27_o remove_v or_o suspect_v tutor_n 28_o duty_n of_o pupil_n to_o their_o tutor_n 29_o rise_v of_o curator_n 30_o curator_n ad_fw-la light_n &_o negotia_fw-la 31_o minor_n may_v at_o their_o option_n choose_v or_o not_o choose_v their_o curator_n 32_o minor_n deed_n have_v curator_n without_o their_o consent_n be_v ipso_fw-la jure_fw-la null_n nisi_fw-la in_o quantum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 33_o curator_n consent_v not_o requisite_a to_o later-will_n 34_o restitution_n of_o minor_n upon_o enorm_a lesion_n 35_o minor_n non_fw-la tenetur_fw-la placuare_fw-la super_fw-la 〈◊〉_d paternam_fw-la 36_o difference_n betwixt_o tutor_n and_o curator_n 37_o duty_n of_o curator_n 38_o curator_n or_o interdictor_n for_o prodigal_n or_o lavish_a person_n 39_o interdictor_n constitute_v causâ_fw-la cognitâ_fw-la 40_o interdiction_n by_o parent_n consent_v 41_o publication_n and_o registration_n of_o interdiction_n 42_o interdiction_n extend_v only_o to_o heritable_a right_n not_o movable_n nor_o to_o personal_a execution_n 43_o interdiction_n be_v only_o competent_a by_o way_n of_o reduction_n 44_o interdiction_n can_v be_v take_v off_o but_o by_o authority_n of_o a_o judge_n title_n vii_o restitution_n 1_o restitution_n of_o other_o
the_o mother_n nou._n 117._o the_o haer_v cap._n 10._o 12._o the_o custom_n of_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n do_v follow_v more_o close_o the_o natural_a law_n as_o the_o custom_n of_o france_n and_o the_o netherlands_o as_o be_v record_v by_o gudel_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la nou._n cap._n 13._o and_o mathias_n stephanus_n 〈◊〉_d the_o like_a of_o the_o custom_n of_o germany_n oecon_fw-mi juris_fw-la civilis_fw-la lib._n 2._o cap._n 67._o §_o 4._o the_o custom_n of_o this_o nation_n also_o keep_v close_a to_o what_o be_v express_v before_o of_o the_o natural_a law_n as_o to_o the_o interest_n and_o obligation_n of_o parent_n and_o child_n and_o thereby_o aliment_n be_v frequent_o decern_v to_o child_n to_o be_v pay_v by_o their_o father_n if_o they_o expel_v they_o from_o their_o family_n and_o that_o not_o only_o by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n provide_v aliment_n to_o heir_n of_o land_n to_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o liferenter_n but_o a_o father_n though_o his_o son_n have_v no_o land_n be_v find_v conveenable_a super_fw-la jure_fw-la naturae_fw-la alendi_fw-la 〈◊〉_d july_n 21._o 1636._o laird_n of_o ramorney_n contra_fw-la law_n so_o also_o by_o our_o custom_n a_o father_n be_v tutor_n of_o law_n to_o his_o son_n be_v pupil_n and_o therefore_o a_o father_n be_v find_v liable_a to_o the_o son_n for_o annualrent_a of_o his_o mother_n three_o of_o movable_n remain_v in_o the_o father_n hand_n february_n 4._o 1665._o beg_v contra_fw-la beg._n but_o a_o father_n be_v not_o find_v oblige_v for_o annualrent_a of_o a_o legacy_n belong_v to_o his_o son_n uplift_v by_o he_o see_v he_o aliment_v the_o son_n december_n 15._o 1668._o margaret_n winram_n contra_fw-la mr._n james_n ellies_n a_o father_n be_v also_o curatour_n to_o his_o child_n special_o when_o in_o his_o family_n unless_o other_o curatour_n be_v choose_v by_o his_o consent_n and_o so_o a_o father_n discharge_v the_o rent_n of_o his_o son_n land_n set_v by_o the_o father_n though_o he_o be_v only_o life-rent_a and_o the_o son_n the_o pupil-fiar_n be_v find_v valid_a for_o year_n after_o the_o father_n decease_n in_o respect_n he_o be_v lawful_a administrator_n young_a rosyth_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n but_o a_o father_n be_v poor_a be_v not_o allow_v to_o lift_v his_o son_n money_n without_o find_v caution_n to_o make_v it_o forthcoming_a february_n 12._o 1636._o givan_n contra_fw-la richardson_n neither_o may_v a_o father_n be_v lapsis_fw-la bonis_fw-la assign_v a_o tack_v acquire_v by_o he_o to_o his_o son_n though_o he_o may_v uplift_v the_o duty_n as_o administrator_n january_n 29._o 1629._o land_n contra_fw-la dowglas_n so_o deed_n do_v by_o such_o minor_n without_o their_o father_n consent_n as_o lawful_a administrator_n be_v find_v null_n george_n stuart_n contra_fw-la home_n of_o rentoun_n after_o pupilarity_n a_o father_n be_v no_o more_o tutor_n to_o his_o child_n and_o so_o may_v not_o discharge_v for_o his_o daughter_n be_v past_a pupilarity_n but_o only_o consent_v with_o she_o as_o curatour_n june_n 26._o 1610._o john_n forrest_n contra_fw-la forrest_n a_o father_n be_v lawful_a administratour_n both_o as_o tutor_n and_o curatour_n honorarie_a of_o himself_o without_o any_o cognition_n or_o solemnity_n and_o be_v not_o liable_a for_o omission_n neither_o be_v he_o exclusive_a of_o other_o curatour_n but_o deed_n do_v without_o a_o father_n consent_n by_o a_o son_n be_v find_v null_n albeit_o the_o son_n reside_v not_o in_o his_o family_n but_o follow_v the_o law_n have_v no_o call_v or_o patrimony_n to_o maintain_v himself_o but_o live_v on_o his_o father_n charge_n neither_o be_v his_o father_n subscribe_v with_o he_o find_v a_o sufficient_a authorise_v of_o he_o see_v he_o subscribe_v with_o his_o father_n as_o cautioner_n for_o he_o december_n 7_o 1666._o sir_n george_n mckenzie_n contra_fw-la mr._n john_n fairholme_n 13._o as_o to_o the_o father_n power_n to_o keep_v his_o child_n within_o his_o family_n and_o to_o apply_v their_o work_n for_o his_o use_n though_o controversy_n in_o that_o point_n have_v seldom_o be_v move_v but_o the_o matter_n transact_v by_o consent_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o child_n may_v be_v compel_v to_o remain_v with_o their_o parent_n and_o to_o employ_v their_o service_n for_o their_o use_n even_o after_o their_o majority_n unless_o they_o be_v forisfamiliat_a by_o marriage_n or_o by_o education_n in_o a_o distinct_a call_v from_o their_o parent_n unless_o their_o parent_n deal_v unnatural_o with_o they_o either_o by_o attrocity_n or_o unwillingness_n to_o provide_v they_o with_o a_o competent_a marriage_n in_o due_a time_n and_o with_o mean_n suitable_a to_o their_o condition_n for_o that_o obligement_n to_o provide_v for_o they_o will_v be_v a_o ground_n of_o exception_n against_o they_o if_o he_o will_v unjust_o detain_v they_o in_o these_o case_n or_o if_o the_o father_n countenance_n or_o allow_v the_o child_n to_o live_v by_o themselves_o and_o to_o manage_v their_o own_o affair_n apart_o from_o whence_o his_o tacit_n consent_n to_o their_o emancipation_n may_v be_v infer_v in_o which_o case_n also_o zas_n 19_o in_o lib._n utrum_fw-la turp_v etc._n etc._n de_fw-fr verb._n oblige_v and_o math._n steph._n oecon_fw-mi juris_fw-la civilis_fw-la lib._n 2._o cap._n 1._o do_v declare_v that_o the_o consuetude_n of_o germany_n be_v the_o same_o with_o our_o custom_n before_o express_v the_o english_a account_n child_n to_o be_v emancipat_v so_o soon_o as_o they_o pass_v their_o minority_n cowell_n institut_n jure_fw-la anglicani_n tit._n 12._o §_o 4._o title_n vi_o obligation_n of_o tutor_n and_o curator_n pupil_n minor_a and_o person_n interdict_a 1._o the_o rise_n of_o tutory_a in_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 2._o order_n of_o tutory_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 3._o the_o natural_a obligation_n of_o tutor_n 4._o pupil_n obligation_n to_o their_o tutor_n 5._o kind_n of_o tutor_n by_o the_o common_a law_n 6._o tutor_n testamentar_n 7._o tutor_n testamentar_n exclude_v all_o other_o 8._o tutor_n of_o law_n who_o 9_o how_o tutor_n of_o law_n be_v enter_v 10._o the_o time_n within_o which_o they_o must_v enter_v 11._o tutor_n dative_n 12._o pro-tutor_n 13._o factor_n for_o tutor_n 14._o contutor_n 15._o tutor_n custody_n of_o the_o pupil_n person_n 16._o tutor_n authorise_v their_o pupil_n 17._o tutor_n or_o their_o factor_n right_n relate_v to_o the_o pupil_n accress_n to_o they_o 18._o tutor_n can_v only_o do_v necessary_a not_o free_a arbitrary_a deed_n but_o may_v not_o sell_v land_n sine_fw-la authoritate_fw-la judicis_fw-la 19_o tutor_n be_v liable_a for_o annualrent_a for_o their_o pupil_n mean_n 20._o tutor_n be_v conveenable_a with_o their_o pupil_n and_o liable_a in_o quantum_fw-la intus_fw-la habent_fw-la 21._o tutor_n account_n 22._o tutor_n be_v liable_a for_o exact_a diligence_n both_o for_o intromission_n and_o omission_n 23._o tutor_n be_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la 24._o tutory_a how_o finish_v 25._o tutor_n of_o idiot_n and_o furious_a person_n 26._o gesta_fw-la tutorum_fw-la accrescunt_fw-la pupillis_fw-la 27._o remove_v of_o suspect_a tutor_n 28._o duty_n of_o pupil_n to_o their_o tutor_n 29._o rise_v of_o curator_n 30._o curator_n ad_fw-la light_n &_o negotia_fw-la 31._o minor_n may_v at_o their_o option_n choose_v or_o not_o choose_v their_o curator_n 32._o minor_n deed_n have_v curator_n without_o their_o consent_n be_v ipso_fw-la jure_fw-la null_n nisi_fw-la in_o quantum_fw-la â—â—erantur_fw-la 33._o curators_n consent_n not_o requisite_a to_o latter_a wi_n 34._o restitution_n of_o minor_n upon_o enorm_a lesione_n 35._o minor_n non_fw-la tenetur_fw-la placitare_fw-la super_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la paternam_fw-la 36._o difference_n betwixt_o tutor_n and_o curator_n 37._o duty_n of_o curator_n 38._o curator_n or_o interdictor_n for_o prodigal_n or_o lavish_a person_n 39_o interdictor_n constitute_v causa_fw-la cognita_fw-la 40._o interdiction_n by_o parent_n consent_n 41._o publication_n and_o registration_n of_o interdiction_n 42._o interdiction_n only_o extend_v to_o heritable_a right_n not_o movable_n not_o to_o personal_a execution_n 43._o interdiction_n be_v only_o competent_a by_o way_n of_o reduction_n 44._o interdiction_n can_v be_v take_v off_o but_o by_o authority_n of_o a_o judge_n tutor_n and_o curator_n succeed_v in_o the_o place_n of_o parent_n and_o their_o obligation_n have_v a_o near_a resemblance_n and_o therefore_o shall_v be_v here_o fit_o subjoin_v though_o in_o the_o constitution_n and_o duty_n of_o tutor_n and_o curator_n the_o positive_a law_n predomine_v yet_o that_o without_o any_o positive_a law_n or_o contract_n there_o be_v a_o duty_n of_o tuition_n and_o protection_n of_o orphan_n and_o special_o upon_o these_o who_o by_o relation_n of_o blood_n be_v their_o near_a kinsman_n and_o in_o place_n of_o their_o parent_n it_o will_v appear_v by_o what_o ensue_v and_o what_o be_v superad_v either_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o party_n in_o curator_n or_o by_o the_o law_n in_o tutor_n with_o the_o condition_n and_o interest_n of_o
eleided_a by_o restitution_n of_o the_o good_n within_o forty_o eight_o hour_n they_o be_v accept_v and_o keep_v by_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi nic._n de_fw-fr vi_fw-la bon_fw-fr rapt_a sym._n contra_fw-la ambross_n but_o not_o eleided_a by_o restitution_n within_o twenty_o four_o hour_n not_o be_v re_z integra_fw-la the_o spuilzy_v horse_n his_o back_n be_v break_v by_o the_o spuilzier_n nic._n ibid._n robert_n know_v contra_fw-la joseph_n lermont_n neither_o eleided_a by_o restitution_n within_o four_o or_o five_o day_n before_o which_o the_o pursuit_n be_v intent_a and_o here_o the_o spuilziers_n brother_n have_v take_v away_o the_o good_n short_o after_o restitution_n january_n 12._o 1610._o contra_fw-la forrester_n 24._o there_o be_v also_o a_o common_a exception_n against_o spuilzy_n upon_o prescription_n of_o three_o year_n they_o not_o be_v pursue_v within_o that_o space_n after_o the_o commit_v thereof_o and_o that_o by_o express_a statute_n par._n 1579._o cap._n 51._o but_o this_o prescription_n be_v only_o against_o the_o spuilzie_n as_o such_o so_o that_o it_o take_v away_o the_o privilege_n thereof_o as_o to_o the_o violent_a profit_n &_o juramentum_fw-la in_o litem_fw-la yet_o may_v it_o thereafter_o be_v pursue_v as_o wrongous_n intromission_n for_o restitution_n only_o and_o if_o many_o be_v pursue_v they_o be_v not_o liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la but_o equal_o unless_o a_o great_a intromission_n of_o some_o of_o they_o be_v prove_v january_n 17._o 1668._o captain_n strachen_n contra_fw-la george_n morison_n which_o also_o be_v competent_a in_o many_o case_n where_o spuilzie_n be_v either_o not_o sustainable_a or_o eleidable_a in_o its_o atrocity_n as_o a_o spuilzie_n nam_fw-la levis_fw-la exceptioexcusat_fw-la a_o spolio_fw-la and_o yet_o action_n for_o restitution_n remain_v and_o sometime_o the_o spuilzie_n may_v be_v restrict_v thereto_o if_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi please_fw-mi before_o 〈◊〉_d so_o to_o do_v or_o otherways_o he_o have_v therefore_o a_o several_a action_n as_o if_o spuilzie_n be_v pursue_v and_o a_o exception_n of_o lawful_a poynd_n admit_v to_o be_v prove_v the_o defender_n will_v be_v assoilzy_v from_o the_o spuilzie_n even_o though_o the_o decreet_a whereupon_o the_o poind_v proceed_v be_v reduce_v for_o informality_n and_o yet_o he_o will_v have_v a_o several_a action_n for_o restitution_n which_o may_v be_v also_o decern_v in_o the_o action_n of_o spuilzie_n but_o spuilzie_n be_v not_o eleided_a by_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n their_o bring_v back_o the_o good_n of_o their_o tenant_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o hypotheck_n ex_fw-la intervallo_fw-la february_n 9_o 1676._o park_n contra_fw-la cockburn_n of_o roslin_n neither_o be_v the_o spuilzie_n of_o a_o horse_n eleided_a because_o he_o be_v find_v in_o the_o skaith_n and_o be_v offer_v back_o within_o forty_o eight_o hour_n upon_o payment_n of_o the_o skaith_n unless_o he_o have_v be_v put_v in_o a_o poind-fold_n or_o safe_a place_n have_v water_n grass_n or_o fodder_n and_o that_o by_o the_o sentence_n of_o a_o judge_n the_o skaith_n have_v be_v estimate_n and_o the_o horse_n poynd_v therefore_o february_n 10._o 1676._o duncan_n contra_fw-la kid_n december_n 2._o 1679._o mr._n john_n beaton_n contra_fw-la home_n so_o spuilzie_n be_v not_o eleided_a upon_o allege_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi have_v spuilzy_v or_o recept_n as_o much_o of_o the_o defender_n good_n by_o the_o act_n 112._o par._n 7._o &_o act_n 16._o par._n 10._o king_n james_n 6._o unless_a the_o pursuer_fw-mi have_v be_v a_o break_a man_n and_o notorious_a thief_n of_o a_o clan_n who_o can_v not_o be_v reach_v by_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o law_n july_n 23._o 1678._o james_n baird_n contra_fw-la parochioner_n of_o fivie_a 25._o intrusion_n and_o ejection_n be_v delinquence_n in_o land_n and_o immovables_n as_o spuilzie_n be_v in_o movable_n and_o they_o differ_v in_o this_o that_o intrusion_n be_v the_o enter_z ing_z in_o possession_n be_v for_o the_o time_n void_a without_o consent_n of_o the_o party_n interress_v or_o order_n of_o law_n but_o ejection_n as_o its_o etymon_n intimat_n be_v not_o only_o the_o unwarrantable_a enter_v in_o land_n but_o the_o cast_v out_o violent_o of_o the_o then_o possessor_n in_o this_o there_o be_v violence_n in_o the_o other_o wrong_n but_o no_o violence_n in_o the_o entry_n though_o it_o be_v a_o violent_a detention_n and_o in_o either_o case_n the_o injure_v must_v be_v at_o least_o repute_n in_o possession_n but_o as_o the_o possession_n must_v begin_v by_o some_o bodily_a act_n it_o may_v be_v continue_v alone_o by_o the_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n willing_a or_o affect_v the_o possession_n which_o be_v conjecture_v or_o presume_v from_o circumstance_n for_o if_o it_o be_v but_o a_o short_a time_n since_o the_o possessor_n do_v corporal_o possess_v and_o nothing_o appear_v that_o he_o have_v relinquish_v his_o possession_n or_o his_o affection_n thereto_o cease_v then_o he_o be_v still_o possessor_n and_o be_v so_o presume_v because_o of_o his_o interest_n but_o if_o his_o abstinence_n be_v total_a or_o long_o that_o he_o have_v retain_v nothing_o as_o key_n or_o keep_v of_o door_n close_o than_o the_o possession_n be_v hold_v as_o 〈◊〉_d and_o he_o who_o enter_v by_o a_o real_a or_o colourable_a title_n be_v no_o intruder_n and_o can_v be_v extrude_v but_o by_o warn_v and_o process_n of_o 〈◊〉_d and_o therefore_o though_o intrusion_n be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o the_o void_a possession_n it_o be_v only_o mean_v as_o to_o corporal_a possession_n there_o be_v still_o a_o presume_a possession_n animo_fw-la on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o injure_a in_o other_o thing_n intrusion_n and_o ejection_n do_v in_o all_o thing_n agree_v ejection_n must_v be_v pursue_v within_o three_o year_n pa._n 1579._o cap._n 81._o which_o be_v extend_v to_o intrusion_n by_o these_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n that_o eject_v and_o other_o of_o that_o nature_n be_v pursue_v within_o three_o year_n after_o commit_v thereof_o february_n 2._o 1610._o 〈◊〉_d of_o craighall_n contra_fw-la 26._o ejection_n be_v only_o competent_a to_o the_o natural_a possessor_n possess_v by_o themselves_o their_o hind_n and_o cottar_n but_o not_o to_o a_o heretor_fw-la for_o ejection_n of_o his_o tenant_n unless_o the_o tenant_n concur_v november_n 26._o 1626._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la bruce_n hope_v ejection_n margaret_n cunninghame_n contra_fw-la peter_n 〈◊〉_d hence_o it_o be_v that_o intrusion_n or_o ejection_n be_v not_o commit_v but_o by_o enter_v in_o natural_a possession_n or_o at_o least_o by_o out-putting_a or_o inputting_a of_o tenant_n for_o though_o possessor_n invert_v their_o master_n possession_n and_o pay_v their_o rent_n to_o another_o this_o will_v not_o infer_v against_o they_o intrusion_n or_o ejection_n but_o in_o both_o these_o case_n there_o be_v other_o remeid_n in_o law_n by_o remove_v or_o action_n for_o mail_n and_o duty_n which_o be_v competent_a against_o intrometter_n though_o ejection_n and_o intrusion_n prescrive_v by_o this_o statute_n yet_o it_o be_v only_o as_o such_o for_o take_v away_o of_o its_o singular_a privilege_n viz._n the_o violent_a profit_n for_o though_o they_o be_v not_o pursue_v within_o three_o year_n yet_o they_o be_v competent_a be_v libel_v and_o restrict_v to_o restitution_n of_o possession_n and_o for_o the_o ordinary_a profit_n and_o in_o this_o they_o differ_v from_o remove_v which_o can_v be_v pursue_v but_o upon_o warn_v forty_o day_n precede_v whitsonday_n but_o these_o may_v be_v pursue_v at_o any_o time_n without_o warn_v march_v 16._o 1627._o walter_z hay_o contra_fw-la mark_v ker._n spot_n ejection_n james_n mowat_n contra_fw-la james_n davidson_n july_n 15._o 1626._o mcphedrick_n contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d yet_o where_o the_o pursuer_n title_n be_v only_o a_o assignation_n to_o a_o year_n tack_v though_o he_o restrict_v the_o ejection_n to_o the_o possession_n and_o the_o ordinary_a profit_n the_o same_o be_v not_o sustain_v in_o respect_n the_o year_n tack_v be_v long_o before_o expire_v and_o be_v only_o sustain_v for_o damnage_n and_o interest_n in_o not_o possess_v his_o year_n tack_v during_o the_o time_n and_o for_o the_o profit_n thereof_o during_o that_o year_n december_n 17._o 1631._o lord_n lowdoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o capringtoun_n ejection_n and_o intrusion_n be_v found_v especial_o upon_o possession_n and_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi needs_o not_o dispute_v his_o right_n neither_o his_o enter_v in_o possession_n which_o though_o it_o be_v vicious_a yet_o if_o it_o be_v continue_v by_o a_o considerable_a space_n and_o the_o 〈◊〉_d be_v then_o eject_v he_o will_v not_o be_v exclude_v by_o allege_v his_o entry_n be_v vicious_a as_o if_o he_o have_v enter_v in_o the_o vice_n of_o a_o tennent_n remove_v by_o the_o defender_n yea_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o person_n eject_v the_o action_n be_v sustain_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o his_o appearand_a heir_n upon_o condition_n he_o infeft_v himself_o before_o extract_v nicol_n de_fw-fr haeredibus_fw-la blair_n contra_fw-la mathie_n as_o also_o ejection_n
our_o decision_n have_v be_v exceed_o various_a in_o this_o matter_n for_o clear_v whereof_o several_a case_n must_v be_v distinguish_v first_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o contracter_n themselves_o and_o in_o that_o either_o the_o mutual_a obliegement_n be_v conceive_v conditional_o that_o the_o one_o part_n be_v perform_v or_o upon_o the_o performance_n thereof_o the_o other_o part_n shall_v be_v perform_v or_o where_o the_o obliegement_n be_v not_o conceive_v conditional_o yet_o they_o be_v proper_o mutual_a cause_n each_o of_o other_o the_o obligement_n to_o deliver_v the_o ware_n and_o to_o pay_v the_o price_n in_o permutation_n the_o thing_n exchange_v and_o mutual_a obliegement_n for_o delivery_n thereof_o be_v the_o mutual_a cause_n each_o of_o other_o in_o location_n the_o use_n of_o that_o which_o be_v set_v for_o hire_n and_o the_o hire_n be_v the_o mutual_a cause_n and_o so_o be_v the_o obligation_n hinc_fw-la inde_fw-la otherways_o the_o obliegement_n be_v not_o the_o proper_a cause_n each_o of_o other_o but_o either_o whole_o different_a matter_n which_o be_v frequent_o accumulate_v in_o the_o same_o contract_n or_o the_o one_o but_o the_o occasion_n and_o motive_n and_o not_o the_o proper_a cause_n of_o the_o other_o the_o case_n of_o assignays_n must_v be_v consider_v in_o all_o these_o for_o the_o first_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v for_o the_o negative_a that_o in_o reciprocal_a contract_n neither_o party_n can_v have_v effectual_a action_n except_o he_o perform_v the_o whole_a contract_n on_o his_o part_n as_o to_o the_o first_o member_n of_o the_o first_o case_n there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o when_o the_o mutual_a obliegement_n be_v conceive_v conditional_o he_o that_o demand_v the_o one_o part_n must_v perform_v the_o other_o as_o to_o the_o other_o member_n when_o the_o obliegment_n be_v mutual_a cause_n each_o of_o other_o express_o when_o the_o contract_n bear_v for_o the_o which_o cause_n or_o when_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n appear_v so_o to_o be_v it_o be_v most_o consonant_a to_o reason_n to_o the_o civil_a law_n a_o our_o practice_n that_o neither_o party_n shall_v obtain_v implement_n of_o the_o obligement_n to_o he_o till_o he_o fulfil_v the_o obliegement_n by_o he_o it_o be_v so_o find_v july_n 27._o 〈◊〉_d laird_n of_o keir_n contra_fw-la mr._n james_n marjoribank_n leidingtoun_n november_n 〈◊〉_d 1565._o james_n crichtoun_n contra_fw-la marion_n crichtoun_n july_n 1581._o lord_n 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la provost_n of_o lincluden_n where_o the_o reason_n be_v render_v because_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d data_fw-la &_o non_fw-la secuta_fw-la till_o he_o who_o crave_v implement_n fulfil_v his_o own_o part_n 〈◊〉_d though_o it_o be_v ordinary_o understand_v when_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o obligationaltogether_o fail_v yet_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n so_o long_o as_o the_o cause_n be_v suspend_v or_o delay_v on_o the_o one_o part_n the_o effect_n be_v also_o to_o be_v delay_v on_o the_o other_o but_o in_o contract_n wherein_o the_o obliegement_n be_v not_o the_o proper_a cause_n each_o of_o other_o the_o one_o part_n have_v effect_n before_o the_o other_o be_v fulfil_v and_o the_o same_o be_v only_o reserve_v or_o declare_v not_o to_o be_v prejudge_v by_o way_n of_o action_n or_o charge_n sinclar_n february_n 19_o 1548._o laird_n of_o ker_n contra_fw-la panter_n december_n 1563._o earl_n of_o glencairn_n contra_fw-la commendator_fw-la of_o kilwinning_n as_o to_o the_o second_o case_n whether_o a_o assignay_n charge_v or_o pursue_v upon_o a_o mutual_a contract_n be_v in_o any_o better_a case_n than_o the_o cedent_fw-la or_o can_v crave_v implement_n till_o the_o cedent_n part_v be_v perform_v the_o difficulty_n be_v here_o that_o if_o assiggnays_n be_n cloged_a with_o the_o obliegement_n of_o the_o cedent_fw-la it_o will_v mar_v commerce_n and_o render_v such_o contract_n ineffectual_a as_o to_o summar_n execution_n and_o so_o obliegement_n therein_o for_o liquid_a sum_n of_o money_n may_v not_o be_v poind_v or_o apprize_v for_o nor_o any_o execution_n valid_a thereupon_o but_o this_o will_v not_o follow_v for_o though_o these_o execution_n be_v summary_o use_v they_o will_v stand_v valide_fw-la only_o the_o effect_n will_v be_v suspend_v till_o the_o other_o part_n be_v perform_v but_o the_o assignay_n have_v no_o title_n whereby_o to_o compel_v his_o cedent_fw-la to_o perform_v his_o part_n therefore_o the_o other_o contracter_n must_v either_o be_v decern_v to_o assign_v his_o part_n of_o the_o contract_n to_o the_o assignay_n to_o the_o other_o part_n that_o thereupon_o he_o may_v insist_v for_o performance_n and_o that_o before_o the_o extract_v of_o his_o decreet_a or_o rather_o execution_n may_v be_v sist_v except_o as_o to_o adjudication_n for_o his_o security_n till_o he_o procure_v implement_n of_o his_o cedent_n part_n or_o otherways_o that_o he_o find_v caution_n that_o the_o other_o contracter_n use_v diligence_n against_o his_o cedent_fw-la for_o performance_n that_o the_o assignay_n shall_v make_v up_o what_o shall_v be_v want_v to_o he_o as_o be_v do_v in_o the_o case_n betwixt_o william_n cunningham_n contra_fw-la john_n ross_n wherein_o a_o assignay_n charge_v upon_o a_o contract_n for_o the_o price_n of_o land_n by_o which_o contract_n his_o cedent_fw-la be_v oblige_v to_o cause_v the_o tenant_n pay_v certain_a by-gone_a ferm_n therefore_o the_o assignay_n be_v ordain_v to_o find_v caution_n for_o satisfy_v of_o these_o ferm_n against_o the_o cedent_fw-la february_n 15._o 1627._o william_n cunninghame_n contra_fw-la john_n ross._n hope_n contract_n laird_n of_o rentoun_n contra_fw-la robert_n dowglas_n and_o though_o a_o donatar_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_o to_o the_o price_n of_o land_n due_a by_o a_o contract_n though_o the_o rebel_n have_v not_o perform_v his_o part_n of_o the_o contract_n hope_v cessio_fw-la bonorum_fw-la balfour_n contra_fw-la futhy_n there_o be_v nothing_o allege_v of_o the_o insolvency_n of_o the_o cedent_fw-la but_o a_o donatar_a pursue_v for_o the_o price_n of_o fews_n the_o fewer_n be_v assoilzy_v from_o the_o declarator_n till_o the_o donatar_n obtain_v the_o fews_n to_o be_v perfect_v here_o it_o be_v know_v the_o donatar_n be_v in_o trust_n for_o the_o rebel_n who_o be_v in_o power_n to_o perform_v january_n 28._o 1673._o lord_n lion_n contra_fw-la arthur_n forbes_n but_o there_o can_v be_v no_o reason_n that_o the_o one_o part_n of_o the_o mutual_a cause_n shall_v be_v effectual_a without_o the_o other_o for_o if_o the_o cedent_n back-bond_n apart_o will_v affect_v the_o assignay_n much_o more_o when_o it_o be_v in_o the_o same_o contract_n yea_o though_o the_o matter_n proceed_v not_o by_o way_n of_o contract_n but_o by_o bond_n apart_o if_o thereby_o it_o appear_v that_o these_o bond_n be_v mutual_a cause_n one_o of_o another_o the_o effect_n shall_v be_v the_o same_o and_o though_o there_o be_v no_o more_o to_o prove_v that_o they_o be_v mutual_a cause_n but_o that_o they_o be_v of_o the_o same_o date_n and_o before_o the_o same_o witness_n the_o lord_n will_v ready_o examine_v the_o witness_n insert_v ex_fw-la officio_fw-la whether_o they_o be_v mutual_a cause_n each_o of_o other_o and_o therefore_o where_o a_o bond_n apart_o do_v bear_v that_o the_o creditor_n shall_v ratify_v a_o disposition_n of_o the_o same_o date_n at_o his_o majority_n under_o a_o great_a penalty_n a_o bond_n grant_v apart_o to_o that_o party_n of_o that_o same_o date_n be_v assign_v the_o assignay_n be_v find_v to_o have_v no_o power_n to_o lift_v the_o principal_a sum_n till_o the_o cedent_fw-la ratify_v at_o his_o majority_n or_o be_v past_o his_o anni_fw-la utiles_fw-la without_o reduction_n november_n 14._o 1628._o cunninghame_n contra_fw-la cunninghame_n the_o like_a be_v find_v as_o to_o write_v of_o the_o same_o date_n with_o a_o contract_n anent_o the_o same_o matter_n though_o not_o mention_v in_o the_o contract_n hope_v contract_n duncrub_n contra_fw-la chapman_n but_o if_o in_o contract_n or_o mutual_a bond_n the_o mutual_a obliegement_n have_v different_a term_n of_o performance_n a_o pursuit_n upon_o the_o one_o part_n will_v not_o be_v stop_v by_o not_o performance_n of_o the_o other_o part_n while_o the_o term_n agree_v for_o the_o performance_n be_v not_o come_v november_n 28._o 1676._o sir_n david_n carmichael_n of_o basmedy_n contra_fw-la dempster_n of_o pitliver_n 17._o to_o come_v now_o to_o particular_n according_a to_o the_o order_n propose_v loan_n comprehend_v both_o the_o contract_n in_o the_o law_n call_v mutuum_fw-la and_o commodatum_fw-la by_o the_o former_a a_o thing_n fungible_a be_v free_o give_v for_o the_o like_a to_o be_v restore_v in_o the_o same_o kind_a and_o quantity_n though_o not_o the_o same_o individual_a a_o fungible_a be_v that_o which_o be_v estimate_n according_a to_o the_o quantity_n and_o be_v not_o easy_o decernable_a nor_o notice_v in_o the_o individual_a or_o particular_a body_n but_o only_o in_o the_o like_a quantity_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n the_o chief_a of_o
law_n reject_v pactum_fw-la legis_fw-la commissoriae_fw-la which_o we_o call_v a_o clause_n irritant_fw-la whereby_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o if_o the_o debt_n be_v not_o pay_v at_o such_o a_o time_n the_o reversion_n shall_v be_v void_a our_o custom_n do_v not_o annul_v such_o clause_n but_o by_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la november_n 27._o 1592._o it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o lord_n will_v decide_v in_o all_o clause_n irritant_fw-la in_o infeftment_n bond_n and_o tack_n according_a to_o the_o express_a word_n and_o meaning_n thereof_o precise_o yet_o the_o lord_n allow_v such_o clause_n to_o be_v purge_v by_o performance_n before_o sentence_n declare_v the_o clause_n irritant_fw-la commit_v in_o which_o process_n though_o it_o be_v commit_v long_o before_o yet_o by_o payment_n at_o the_o bar_n it_o will_v be_v purge_v even_o though_o the_o party_n after_o the_o irritancy_n get_v possession_n hope_n clause_n irritant_fw-la john_n edgar_n contra_fw-la gordoun_n of_o earlestoun_n yea_o though_o the_o wodsetter_n have_v obtain_v a_o decreet_a of_o remove_v two_o year_n after_o the_o failzie_a against_o which_o reposition_n be_v grant_v pay_v all_o damnage_n and_o interest_n july_n 8._o 1636._o cleghorn_n contra_fw-la ferguson_n and_o albeit_o the_o money_n be_v not_o ready_a to_o purge_v at_o the_o bar_n so_o that_o the_o failzie_n be_v declare_v yet_o it_o be_v supercee_v extract_n for_o a_o time_n that_o it_o may_v be_v purge_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n february_n 7._o 1628._o pringle_n contra_fw-la ker._n but_o where_o the_o requisition_n be_v on_o nine_o score_n day_n there_o be_v no_o time_n grant_v after_o the_o decreet_a to_o purge_v july_n 19_o 1625._o nairn_n contra_fw-la naper_n this_o clause_n be_v so_o odious_a that_o it_o be_v elide_v by_o the_o wodsetters_n possession_n of_o a_o part_n of_o the_o land_n and_o thereby_o get_v a_o part_n of_o the_o annualrent_a march_v 18._o 1629._o barcley_n contra_fw-la stevinson_n the_o like_a by_o accept_v of_o payment_n of_o annualrent_a after_o failzie_n hope_n clause_n irritant_fw-la nasmith_n contra_fw-la kinloch_n the_o like_a by_o payment_n of_o annualrent_n or_o by_o compensation_n therewith_o ibid._n barns_n contra_fw-la barcley_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n and_o our_o custom_n be_v because_o impignoration_n be_v a_o permutative_a contract_n wherein_o equality_n be_v mean_v and_o require_v and_o clause_n irritant_fw-la be_v redact_v to_o equality_n respect_n be_v not_o have_v to_o the_o term_n and_o expression_n of_o the_o contract_n but_o to_o the_o thing_n true_o do_v and_o therefore_o though_o sale_n of_o land_n with_o reversion_n be_v express_v yet_o if_o there_o be_v not_o a_o competent_a equivalent_a price_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o real_a and_o proper_a sale_n but_o only_o a_o wodset_n under_o that_o conception_n the_o clause_n irritant_fw-la have_v no_o further_a effect_n than_o be_v before_o express_v but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o true_a sale_n and_o competent_a price_n the_o clause_n irritant_fw-la be_v not_o penal_a but_o have_v its_o full_a effect_n but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v still_o purgeable_a till_o declarator_n which_o therefore_o be_v necessary_a even_o though_o the_o clause_n irritant_fw-la bear_v that_o the_o reversion_n shall_v be_v null_a without_o declarator_n for_o the_o remee_n of_o the_o exorbitancy_n of_o such_o clause_n irritant_fw-la 61._o impignoration_n be_v either_o express_a by_o the_o explicit_a consent_n of_o party_n or_o implicit_a which_o be_v introduce_v by_o law_n without_o consent_n of_o party_n of_o such_o tacit_a hypothecation_n there_o have_v be_v many_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o in_o the_o ware_n for_o the_o price_n in_o house_n for_o expense_n in_o preservation_n or_o melioration_n or_o for_o money_n lend_v for_o that_o use_n to_o a_o wife_n in_o the_o good_n of_o her_o husband_n for_o her_o tocher_n to_o pupil_n and_o minor_n in_o the_o good_n of_o their_o tutor_n and_o curator_n for_o their_o duty_n and_o administration_n to_o pupil_n in_o the_o good_n of_o their_o mother_n be_v their_o tutrix_n or_o in_o the_o good_n of_o her_o second_o husband_n if_o she_o do_v not_o make_v a_o account_n and_o procure_v a_o new_a tutor_n before_o her_o marriage_n to_o legator_n in_o the_o good_n of_o executor_n to_o the_o fisk_n for_o their_o tribute_n or_o their_o contract_n to_o city_n in_o the_o good_n of_o their_o administrator_n but_o our_o custom_n have_v take_v away_o express_a hypothecation_n of_o all_o or_o a_o part_n of_o the_o debtor_n good_n without_o delivery_n and_o in_o the_o tacit_a legal_a hypothecation_n have_v only_o allow_v a_o few_o allow_v ordinary_o party_n to_o be_v prefer_v according_a to_o the_o priority_n of_o their_o legal_a diligence_n that_o commerce_n may_v be_v the_o more_o sure_a and_o every_o one_o may_n more_o easy_o know_v his_o condition_n with_o who_o he_o contract_v and_o therefore_o good_n sell_v be_v not_o find_v under_o any_o hypothecation_n for_o the_o price_n june_n 14._o 1676._o thomas_n cushney_n contra_fw-la john_n crystie_n yet_o with_o we_o there_o remain_v the_o tacit_a hypothecation_n of_o the_o fruit_n on_o the_o ground_n in_o the_o first_o place_n and_o they_o not_o satisfy_v the_o good_n on_o the_o ground_n belong_v to_o the_o possessor_n for_o the_o term_n or_o the_o year_n when_o the_o crop_v be_v on_o the_o ground_n but_o not_o for_o prior_n or_o past_a year_n and_o therefore_o all_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n or_o their_o assigney_n have_v right_o to_o the_o mail_n and_o duty_n have_v interest_n to_o recover_v the_o rent_n thereof_o from_o all_o intromettor_n with_o the_o fruit_n rent_n or_o profit_n thereof_o though_o upon_o a_o title_n unless_o their_o title_n be_v preferable_a or_o at_o least_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n this_o be_v extend_v to_o intromettor_n though_o they_o buy_v the_o corn_n which_o grow_v on_o the_o ground_n in_o public_a mercat_n at_o zule_n albeit_o the_o heretor_fw-la have_v poynd_v a_o part_n of_o the_o crop_n for_o the_o rent_n of_o a_o prior_n year_n unless_o at_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n candlemas_n there_o be_v sufficient_a fruit_n on_o the_o ground_n to_o satisfy_v the_o rent_n march_v 29._o 1639._o da_z marry_o hay_o contra_fw-la archibald_n elliot_n second_o it_o be_v extend_v to_o intromettor_n with_o the_o crop_v and_o good_n of_o the_o ground_n though_o they_o lawful_o poynd_v the_o same_o from_o the_o tenant_n for_o their_o just_a debt_n nic._n in_o quibus_fw-la causis_fw-la pignus_fw-la etc._n etc._n earl_n of_o wintoun_n contra_fw-la barcley_n unless_o they_o leave_v as_o much_o upon_o the_o ground_n as_o may_v satisfy_v the_o rent_n beside_o the_o household_n stuff_n july_n 25._o 1623._o february_n 3._o 1624._o hay_o contra_fw-la keith_n the_o like_a wherein_o the_o present_a crop_v be_v not_o account_v but_o leave_v for_o the_o subsequent_a rent_n of_o which_o the_o term_n be_v not_o come_v june_n 29._o 1624._o polwart_n contra_fw-la three_o it_o be_v extend_v that_o thereby_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n may_v summary_o stop_v poind_v unless_o sufficient_a good_n be_v leave_v to_o pay_v the_o rent_n beside_o the_o plenish_n of_o the_o house_n february_n 3._o 1624._o arrocks_n bairn_n contra_fw-la keith_n four_o this_o be_v extend_v against_o the_o donatar_n of_o the_o tenant_n escheat_n intromet_v thereby_o who_o be_v find_v liable_a though_o no_o action_n be_v move_v by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n for_o seven_o year_n in_o the_o say_a case_n hay_o contra_fw-la keith_n the_o like_a be_v sustain_v as_o to_o the_o good_n of_o the_o possessor_n of_o house_n invecta_fw-la &_o illata_fw-la for_o house-maile_n for_o all_o intromettor_n therewith_o be_v liable_a and_o the_o good_n may_v be_v stop_v from_o poind_v for_o the_o possessor_n debt_n without_o deforcement_n be_v invecta_fw-la &_o illata_fw-la but_o this_o extend_v only_o to_o one_o year_n or_o two_o term_n mail_n december_n 7._o 1630._o dick_n contra_fw-la land_n but_o the_o hypothecation_n of_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v great_a then_o of_o the_o tenant_n other_o good_n for_o the_o fruit_n be_v liable_a according_a to_o the_o value_n thereof_o for_o the_o rent_n though_o there_o remain_v other_o good_n sufficient_a to_o pay_v the_o rent_n on_o the_o ground_n see_v there_o remain_v not_o sufficient_a fruit_n to_o pay_v the_o same_o march_z ult_n 1624._o lady_n down_o and_o her_o spouse_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o down_n this_o hypothecation_n of_o the_o fruit_n for_o the_o rent_n be_v extend_v to_o a_o town_n set_v their_o custom_n even_o against_o the_o sub-tacksman_a not_o bind_v to_o the_o town_n who_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o tacksmans_n creditor_n in_o a_o double_a poynd_n january_n 31._o 1665._o anderson_n and_o proven_n contra_fw-la the_o town_n of_o edinburgh_n it_o be_v also_o extend_v to_o the_o seller_n of_o fish_v against_o the_o donatar_n of_o the_o tacks-mans_n escheat_n who_o be_v find_v liable_a to_o restore_v
favourable_a but_o the_o adjection_n of_o a_o penalty_n or_o estimation_n make_v not_o the_o obligation_n alternative_a but_o if_o any_o of_o the_o member_n of_o the_o alternative_a become_v not_o entire_a the_o debtor_n can_v offer_v that_o member_n january_n 18._o 1675._o collector_n of_o the_o king_n and_o lord_n taxation_n contra_fw-la inglis_n of_o straitoun_n the_o manner_n also_o of_o performance_n admit_v not_o that_o the_o debtor_n may_v perform_v by_o part_n that_o which_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o by_o on_o obligation_n if_o it_o be_v not_o that_o which_o can_v be_v perform_v all_o at_o once_o as_o the_o performance_n of_o some_o act_n require_v divers_a season_n but_o otherways_o it_o must_v be_v do_v without_o intermission_n for_o neither_o can_v money_n or_o grain_n be_v deliver_v at_o one_o instant_a but_o that_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v perform_v together_o which_o be_v without_o intermission_n yet_o the_o civil_a law_n favour_v the_o debtor_n so_o far_o that_o the_o creditor_n can_v refuse_v to_o accept_v a_o part_n of_o the_o money_n due_a title_n xi_o liberation_n from_o obligation_n 1._o obligation_n cease_v by_o contrary_a consent_n by_o discharge_n declaration_n renunciation_n or_o per_fw-la pactum_fw-la de_fw-la non_fw-la pentendo_fw-la 2._o three_o subsequent_a discharge_v liberat_fw-la from_o preceedings_a 3._o payment_n make_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la 4._o consignation_n 5._o acceptilation_n 6._o compensation_n 7._o retention_n 8._o innovation_n 9_o confusion_n have_v thus_o run_v through_o the_o constitution_n and_o effect_n of_o conventional_a obligation_n it_o be_v requisite_a in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o consider_v their_o destitution_n and_o how_o they_o cease_v which_o we_o have_v express_v in_o the_o general_a term_n of_o liberation_n comprehend_v not_o only_a payment_n but_o all_o the_o way_n by_o which_o obligation_n or_o bond_n be_v dissolve_v or_o loose_v and_o debtor_n liberat_fw-la we_o be_v not_o here_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o objection_n competent_a against_o obligation_n from_o their_o nullity_n for_o such_o be_v never_o true_o obligation_n neither_o of_o the_o common_a exception_n against_o they_o and_o other_o right_n as_o prescription_n litiscontestation_n res_fw-la judicata_fw-la circumvention_n extortion_n etc._n etc._n of_o which_o in_o their_o proper_a place_n but_o only_o of_o the_o proper_a way_n of_o take_v away_o obligation_n and_o these_o be_v either_o by_o contrair_a consent_n or_o by_o performance_n or_o the_o equivalent_a thereof_o 1._o first_o as_o consent_n constitute_v so_o contrary_a consent_n destitute_v any_o obligation_n whether_o it_o be_v by_o declaration_n renunciation_n discharge_v or_o per_fw-la pactum_fw-la de_fw-la non_fw-la petendo_fw-la which_o may_v be_v extend_v not_o only_o to_o conventional_a but_o to_o natural_a obligation_n as_o to_o any_o duty_n omit_v or_o transgress_v which_o be_v past_a though_o not_o to_o the_o discharge_n of_o the_o obligation_n itself_o as_o to_o the_o future_a for_o love_v to_o god_n or_o our_o neighbour_n and_o most_o of_o the_o duty_n betwixt_o husband_n and_o wife_n parent_n and_o child_n can_v be_v discharge_v as_o to_o the_o future_a neither_o can_v future_a fraud_n or_o force_n be_v effectual_o discharge_v for_o such_o cadunt_fw-la in_o turpem_fw-la causam_fw-la if_o the_o write_v be_v special_a and_o express_a there_o can_v be_v no_o question_n when_o it_o concern_v a_o personal_a right_n and_o be_v give_v by_o the_o party_n have_v power_n to_o discharge_n and_o therefore_o a_o discharge_v of_o a_o clause_n in_o a_o bond_n constitute_v a_o annualrent_n whereupon_o infeftment_n follow_v for_o a_o sum_n lend_v by_o a_o father_n and_o take_v to_o his_o son_n in_o fee_n and_o bear_v with_o power_n to_o the_o father_n during_o his_o life_n to_o dispone_n be_v find_v valid_a and_o that_o it_o require_v not_o registration_n as_o a_o discharge_v of_o reversion_n january_n 6._o 1681._o marry_o bruce_n contra_fw-la patrick_n hepburn_n but_o a_o discharge_v of_o a_o annuity_n belong_v to_o a_o office_n by_o infeftment_n contain_v a_o renunciation_n of_o that_o annuity_n be_v not_o find_v relevant_a against_o a_o appryzer_n december_n 9_o 1679._o lord_n hattoun_n contra_fw-la the_o town_n of_o dundee_n neither_o do_v a_o discharge_n of_o a_o sum_n payable_a to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n and_o the_o bairn_n of_o the_o marriage_n subscribe_v only_o by_o the_o husband_n exclude_v the_o wife_n from_o her_o liferent_a right_n to_o that_o sum_n january_n 22._o 1680._o isobel_n caddel_n contra_fw-la john_n raith_n neither_o be_v a_o discharge_n to_o a_o cautioner_n upon_o payment_n find_v competent_a to_o the_o principal_a debtor_n unless_o the_o cautioner_n concur_v for_o the_o principal_n may_v be_v distress_v by_o the_o cautioner_n use_v the_o name_n of_o the_o creditor_n as_o his_o cedent_fw-la july_n 13._o 1675._o margaret_n scrimzour_n contra_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o southesk_n a_o discharge_v to_o one_o or_o more_o debtor_n viz._n contutor_n find_v not_o to_o liberat_fw-la the_o rest_n except_z in_o so_o far_o as_o satisfaction_n be_v make_v or_o as_o the_o other_o contutor_n will_v be_v exclude_v from_o relief_n by_o the_o party_n discharged_n december_n 19_o 1669._o seatoun_n contra_fw-la seatoun_n but_o payment_n make_v by_o one_o party_n who_o land_n be_v affect_v by_o inhibition_n do_v liberat_fw-la the_o rest_n pro_fw-la tanto_fw-la though_o it_o bear_v not_o in_o satisfaction_n but_o to_o restrict_n the_o inhibition_n january_n 5._o 1675._o ballantine_n contra_fw-la edgar_n but_o discharge_v by_o master_n to_o tenant_n for_o rent_n by_o their_o subscription_n without_o witness_n and_o not_o be_v holograph_n be_v sustain_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o custom_n so_o to_o discharge_v november_n 7._o 1674._o john_n boyd_n contra_fw-la story_n and_o by_o the_o same_o custom_n receipt_n and_o discharge_v of_o merchant_n and_o factor_n in_o re_fw-mi mercatoria_fw-la be_v sufficient_a by_o the_o party_n subscription_n albeit_o neither_o holograph_n nor_o with_o witch_n but_o the_o main_a question_n be_v how_o far_o general_a discharge_v be_v to_o be_v extend_v which_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n one_o where_o there_o be_v particular_n discharge_v with_o a_o general_a clause_n and_o then_o the_o general_n be_v not_o extend_v to_o matter_n of_o great_a importance_n than_o the_o great_a of_o the_o particular_n february_n 24._o 1636._o lawson_n contra_fw-la ark_n inglas_n the_o other_o be_v where_o the_o discharge_n be_v only_o general_a without_o particular_n which_o use_v not_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o clause_n of_o warandice_n clause_n of_o relief_n or_o obliegement_n to_o infeft_n or_o to_o purchase_v real_a right_n and_o therefore_o a_o discharge_v of_o all_o debt_n sum_n of_o money_n bond_n obligation_n clag_n claim_n for_o whatsoever_o cause_n be_v find_v not_o to_o discharge_v a_o contract_n for_o purchase_v a_o apprize_a of_o land_n and_o dispone_v the_o same_o november_n 19_o 1680._o beatrix_n dalgarn_n contra_fw-la the_o laird_n of_o tolquhon_n neither_o be_v a_o discharge_n whole_o general_a extend_v to_o a_o obligation_n by_o the_o party_n discharge_v as_o cautioner_n unless_o it_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o discharge_v be_v grant_v upon_o satisfaction_n of_o that_o debt_n hope_n bond_n ogilbie_n contra_fw-la napier_n but_o it_o be_v extend_v to_o contravention_n though_o there_o be_v a_o decreet_a after_o the_o discharge_v hope_v contravention_n laird_n of_o aitoun_n contra_fw-la his_o brother_n yea_o a_o general_n discharge_v in_o a_o decreet_a arbitral_n be_v find_v to_o liberat_fw-la the_o submitter_n cautioner_n hope_n bond_n lady_n balmastiner_n and_o her_o son_n contra_fw-la alexander_n 〈◊〉_d neither_o be_v a_o general_a discharge_n find_v to_o extend_v to_o a_o sum_n assign_v by_o the_o discharger_n before_o the_o discharge_v albeit_o the_o assignation_n be_v not_o intimate_fw-la see_v the_o discharger_n be_v not_o presume_v to_o know_v the_o want_n of_o the_o intimation_n unless_o it_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o sum_n be_v particular_o common_v upon_o or_o satisfy_v at_o obtain_v the_o general_n discharge_v february_n 3._o 1671._o blair_n of_o bagillo_fw-la contra_fw-la blair_n of_o denhead_n neither_o be_v a_o general_n discharge_v extend_v to_o sum_n whereuto_fw-la the_o discharger_n succeed_v after_o the_o discharge_v february_n 14._o 1633._o halyburtoun_n contra_fw-la huntar_n 2._o three_o subsequent_a discharge_v do_v presume_v that_o all_o preceeding_n be_v pass_v from_o as_o first_o the_o discharge_v of_o three_o immediate_a subsequent_a year_n rend_v june_n 21._o 1610._o nowison_n contra_fw-la hamiltoun_n this_o be_v sustain_v though_o the_o discharge_v be_v only_o grant_v by_o a_o chamberlain_n hope_n clause_n irritant_fw-la laird_n of_o wedderburn_n contra_fw-la john_n nisbit_n this_o be_v sustain_v to_o purge_v a_o clause_n irritant_fw-la yea_o though_o some_o of_o the_o discharge_v be_v grant_v by_o the_o father_n and_o the_o rest_n by_o the_o son_n as_o heir_n february_n 17._o 1631._o williamson_n contra_fw-la the_o laird_n of_o bagillo_fw-la which_o be_v extend_v to_o by_o gone_n though_o a_o bond_n be_v
act_n either_o without_o the_o possessor_n consent_n or_o by_o their_o tolerance_n or_o tradition_n and_o delivery_n or_o by_o forsake_v or_o relinquish_a they_o so_o that_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o possession_n of_o movable_n there_o be_v little_a controversy_n 12._o second_o possession_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v also_o clear_a in_o many_o case_n as_o first_o in_o habitation_n whether_o in_o cave_n tent_n or_o proper_a house_n next_o in_o garden_n enclosure_n and_o all_o plantation_n three_o in_o field_n by_o pasturage_n or_o tillage_n in_o so_o far_o as_o the_o act_n extend_v so_o far_o these_o all_o be_v most_o natural_a possession_n but_o after_o that_o most_o ancient_a simplicity_n right_n and_o the_o way_n of_o acquire_v thereof_o be_v multiply_v and_o therefore_o possession_n can_v not_o be_v entire_a but_o behove_v to_o be_v divide_v among_o the_o several_a interest_n than_o do_v the_o difficulty_n arise_v as_o when_o one_o have_v the_o property_n a_o second_o the_o fruit_n a_o three_o the_o use_n a_o four_o the_o servitude_n in_o some_o part_v a_o five_o the_o detention_n for_o security_n a_o six_o the_o custody_n or_o location_n and_o all_o these_o exercise_v either_o by_o the_o party_n themselves_o their_o servant_n or_o child_n in_o their_o power_n and_o their_o procurator_n in_o their_o name_n yea_o and_o by_o opposite_a and_o interrupt_a act_n many_o at_o once_o pretend_v to_o the_o same_o kind_n and_o part_n of_o possession_n 13._o so_o then_o the_o three_o kind_n of_o possession_n be_v when_o the_o earth_n begin_v to_o be_v divide_v by_o limit_n and_o bound_n and_o to_o have_v common_a denomination_n than_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v attain_v by_o exercise_v possessory_a act_n upon_o a_o part_n as_o he_o who_o possess_v a_o field_n need_v not_o go_v about_o it_o or_o touch_v every_o turf_n of_o it_o by_o himself_o or_o his_o cattle_n but_o by_o possess_v a_o part_n unless_o there_o be_v contrary_a possessory_a acts._n so_o possession_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o land_n contain_v in_o one_o tenement_n be_v find_v sufficient_a to_o validat_n a_o base_a infeftment_n as_o to_o the_o whole_a and_o to_o exclude_v a_o posterior_n public_a infeftment_n for_o remove_v the_o tenant_n from_o a_o part_n of_o the_o tenement_n though_o the_o base_a infeftment_n have_v possession_n several_a year_n and_o have_v attain_v or_o pursue_v for_o no_o possession_n of_o these_o tenement_n spot_n remove_n hunter_n contra_fw-la hardie_n observe_v by_o dury_n january_n 14._o 1630._o the_o like_a of_o possession_n of_o a_o tack_v of_o a_o part_n of_o teind_n in_o a_o tack_v find_v sufficient_a to_o validat_n the_o tack_v as_o to_o the_o whole_a spot_n 1._o possessione_n lady_n merchistoun_n contra_fw-la wrights-house_n 14._o possession_n civil_a be_v extend_v to_o uplift_v of_o mail_n and_o duty_n which_o be_v sufficient_a to_o introduce_v and_o preserve_v property_n though_o the_o pasturage_n and_o tillage_n and_o all_o other_o natural_a deed_n of_o possession_n be_v in_o other_o who_o be_v proper_o call_v possessor_n who_o hold_v and_o possess_v for_o themselves_o in_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v the_o excresce_fw-it of_o the_o profit_n above_o the_o rent_n as_o to_o which_o they_o possess_v in_o name_n of_o their_o master_n and_o therefore_o this_o possession_n be_v partly_o naturral_a to_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o partly_o civil_a by_o their_o tenant_n 15._o five_o possession_n be_v attain_v symbolical_o where_o there_o be_v not_o use_v of_o the_o whole_a or_o a_o part_n but_o only_o of_o a_o symbol_n or_o token_n and_o this_o be_v when_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v possess_v be_v present_a as_o the_o civil_a possession_n by_o infeftment_n by_o delivery_n of_o earth_n and_o stone_n upon_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n or_o by_o delivery_n of_o a_o parcel_n of_o corn_n for_o a_o stack_n or_o field_n of_o corn_n or_o some_o of_o a_o herd_n or_o flock_n for_o the_o whole_a flock_n be_v present_a in_o which_o the_o symbol_n be_v also_o part_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v possess_v have_v some_o affinity_n to_o natural_a possession_n six_o civil_a possession_n be_v by_o a_o token_n or_o symbol_n which_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v possess_v but_o be_v a_o token_n to_o represent_v it_o as_o either_o have_v some_o resemblance_n with_o it_o as_o the_o delivery_n of_o a_o copy_n or_o scroll_n for_o a_o office_n or_o a_o penny_n for_o a_o annualrent_a or_o otherways_o have_v no_o resemblance_n but_o be_v a_o token_n mere_o suppositious_a to_o represent_v it_o as_o delivery_n of_o a_o batton_n in_o resignation_n or_o delivery_n of_o a_o thing_n buy_v or_o sell_v by_o a_o wisp_n of_o straw_n which_o ordinary_o be_v in_o absence_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v possess_v 16._o seven_o possession_n be_v attain_v or_o retain_v without_o symbol_n and_o without_o interposition_n of_o any_o person_n in_o our_o power_n or_o procurator_n but_o only_o by_o conjunction_n of_o interest_n so_o when_o the_o property_n of_o land_n be_v grant_v to_o one_o and_o the_o usufruct_v or_o liferent_a to_o another_o or_o when_o the_o liferent_a be_v reserve_v the_o possesssion_n of_o the_o liferenter_fw-la be_v hold_v to_o be_v the_o possession_n of_o the_o fire_n as_o to_o all_o other_o three_o party_n and_o right_n and_o a_o husband_n possession_n of_o land_n by_o himself_o or_o any_o derive_v right_o from_o he_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v the_o wife_n possession_n by_o her_o liferent_a infeftment_n the_o several_a kind_n and_o degree_n of_o possession_n be_v thus_o lay_v open_a it_o will_v be_v more_o easy_a to_o takeup_v the_o common_a notion_n and_o nature_n of_o it_o and_o it_o may_v be_v thus_o describe_v 17._o possession_n be_v the_o hold_v or_o detain_v of_o any_o thing_n by_o ourselves_o or_o other_o for_o our_o use_n it_o be_v not_o every_o hold_v or_o detain_v which_o make_v possession_n for_o so_o depositar_n detain_v but_o because_o it_o be_v not_o for_o their_o use_n they_o do_v not_o possess_v to_o possession_n there_o must_v be_v a_o act_n of_o the_o body_n which_o be_v detention_n and_o hold_v and_o a_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o be_v the_o inclination_n or_o affection_n to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o thing_n detain_v which_o be_v of_o the_o mind_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o perceivable_a as_o that_o of_o the_o body_n but_o it_o be_v presume_v whensoever_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o detainer_n may_v be_v to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o thing_n but_o where_o it_o may_v be_v wrong_a or_o hurtful_a it_o be_v not_o presume_v as_o he_o who_o take_v another_o man_n horse_n by_o the_o head_n or_o keep_v that_o which_o be_v waith_n or_o take_v in_o his_o hand_n the_o money_n or_o good_n of_o another_o which_o if_o it_o be_v to_o make_v use_n of_o it_o will_v infer_v theft_n and_o therefore_o such_o detention_n be_v not_o presume_v to_o be_v possession_n he_o also_o who_o detain_v or_o hold_v a_o thing_n not_o at_o all_o for_o his_o own_o use_n but_o for_o another_o who_o do_v detain_v by_o he_o as_o by_o his_o servant_n or_o procurator_n do_v not_o possess_v but_o otherways_o if_o he_o have_v no_o warrant_n from_o another_o but_o only_o intend_v or_o be_v oblige_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v to_o the_o behoof_n of_o another_o in_o that_o case_n he_o be_v possessor_n because_o the_o real_a right_o be_v in_o he_o and_o there_o be_v upon_o he_o only_o a_o obligation_n to_o make_v it_o forthcoming_a to_o another_o and_o they_o who_o possess_v partly_o for_o themselves_o and_o partly_o for_o other_o as_o tenant_n have_v possession_n in_o part_n 18._o to_o come_v now_o to_o the_o requisite_n for_o enter_v and_o begin_v possession_n there_o must_v be_v both_o the_o detention_n of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o detention_n of_o the_o mind_n for_o use_v for_o neither_o of_o the_o two_o alone_o can_v begin_v possession_n corporal_a possession_n alone_o can_v neither_o begin_v it_o nor_o continue_v it_o and_o if_o any_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v enough_o possession_n will_v be_v very_o large_a and_o but_o imaginary_a but_o the_o manner_n of_o this_o seizure_n of_o possession_n to_o begin_v it_o be_v very_o diverse_a by_o all_o the_o several_a way_n which_o be_v before_o set_v forth_o 19_o possession_n be_v once_o begin_v be_v continue_v not_o only_o by_o reiteration_n of_o possessory_a act_n but_o even_o by_o the_o mind_n only_o though_o there_o be_v no_o outward_a act_n exerce_v and_o the_o mind_n and_o affection_n to_o continue_v possession_n be_v always_o presume_v unless_o the_o contrary_n appear_v so_o that_o if_o the_o thing_n once_o possess_v be_v void_a as_o to_o outward_a act_n yet_o it_o be_v hold_v possess_v by_o the_o mind_n and_o any_o contrary_a act_n of_o other_o enter_v to_o that_o possession_n be_v unwarrantable_a and_o intrusion_n for_o as_o have_v be_v
heir_n yet_o by_o act_n of_o exchequer_n it_o be_v only_o extend_v to_o three_o term_n after_o the_o ward_n though_o the_o old_a style_n be_v still_o continue_v charter_n do_v also_o comprehend_v several_a condition_n and_o provision_n of_o which_o hereafter_o and_o some_o charter_n do_v express_v a_o bound_a which_o be_v ordinary_a in_o these_o within_o burgh_n and_o some_o do_v express_v a_o particular_a enumeration_n and_o some_o have_v only_o the_o general_a name_n of_o barony_n or_o tenendry_n or_o some_o other_o common_a designation_n under_o which_o there_o may_v be_v particular_a designation_n comprehend_v and_o some_o charter_n bear_v infang-thief_n outfang-thief_n pit_n and_o gallow_n these_o charter_n or_o other_o write_v in_o place_n of_o charter_n though_o they_o do_v never_o so_o full_o comprehend_v the_o dispositive_a will_n of_o the_o superior_a yet_o they_o never_o become_v a_o real_a right_n till_o they_o be_v complete_v by_o seasine_n which_o import_v the_o take_n of_o possession_n for_o seasine_n and_o seizure_n be_v from_o the_o same_o original_n signify_v lay_v hold_v of_o or_o take_v possession_n and_o dissease_v be_v dispossession_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o needless_a question_n whether_o seasine_n or_o possession_n be_v distinct_a and_o which_o be_v most_o effectual_a for_o till_o the_o solemnity_n of_o instrument_n of_o seasine_n be_v introduce_v to_o accomplish_v the_o real_a right_n of_o fee_n possession_n be_v necessary_a to_o be_v join_v to_o the_o disposition_n which_o possession_n may_v either_o be_v natural_a by_o actual_a inhabitation_n manure_v or_o stock_v the_o ground_n positione_n sediuni_fw-la or_o may_v be_v civil_a by_o uplift_v the_o fruit_n and_o duty_n or_o it_o may_v be_v symbolical_a positione_n pedum_fw-la by_o enter_v upon_o the_o land_n as_o vassal_n upon_o the_o superior_n warrant_v but_o if_o this_o symbolical_a possession_n be_v retent_a a_o possessione_n naturali_fw-la the_o superior_a dispon_n to_o another_o who_o first_o attain_v the_o natural_a possession_n be_v will_v have_v be_v prefer_v to_o the_o symbolical_a possession_n as_o be_v suspect_v and_o simulat_fw-la retenta_fw-la possessione_n therefore_o till_o the_o time_n of_o king_n james_n the_o first_o any_o charter_n disposition_n or_o precept_n from_o a_o superior_a to_o a_o vassal_n mention_v his_o heir_n or_o a_o heritable_a right_n with_o true_a and_o real_a possession_n without_o simulation_n be_v sufficient_a to_o complete_a the_o fee_n so_o a_o charter_n with_o natural_a possession_n be_v sustain_v be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n robert_n the_o second_o june_n 24._o 1625._o and_o also_o before_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n james_n the_o second_o hope_v seasine_n earl_n of_o mar_n contra_fw-la bishop_n of_o aberdeen_n 16._o but_o king_n james_n the_o first_o have_v be_v long_o detain_v in_o england_n be_v take_v in_o his_o voyage_n come_v home_o from_o france_n do_v thence_o bring_v in_o the_o solemnity_n of_o seasines_n by_o the_o instrument_n of_o a_o nottar_n about_o the_o year_n 1530._o as_o craig_n relate_v l._n 2._o diege_n 7._o near_o the_o beginning_n and_o yet_o say_v that_o long_o thereafter_o even_o near_o to_o his_o time_n the_o baily_n seal_v upon_o the_o superior_n disposition_n charter_n or_o precept_n be_v sufficient_a to_o instruct_v delivery_n of_o possession_n neither_o be_v there_o necessity_n in_o any_o case_n to_o prove_v the_o delivery_n or_o the_o superior_n enter_v the_o vassal_n in_o possession_n but_o that_o be_v presume_v from_o the_o possession_n itself_o and_o therefore_o it_o need_v not_o be_v debate_v how_o the_o vassal_n enter_v in_o possession_n or_o what_o warrant_v the_o bailzie_n have_v to_o give_v he_o possession_n or_o what_o warrant_v the_o person_n who_o receive_v the_o possession_n for_o the_o vassal_n have_v as_o his_o procurator_n or_o acturney_n for_o if_o the_o vassal_n be_v in_o the_o natural_a and_o civil_a possession_n all_o these_o power_n be_v presume_v neither_o be_v precept_n of_o seasine_n or_o acturney_n then_o in_o use_n for_o as_o this_o solemnity_n of_o a_o instrument_n of_o seasine_n be_v introduce_v from_o england_n so_o be_v the_o name_n of_o acturney_n which_o be_v frequent_a there_o but_o seldom_o usedhere_v but_o in_o case_n of_o seasine_n after_o instrument_n of_o seasine_n become_v in_o use_n they_o be_v not_o only_o sustain_v as_o the_o mean_a of_o probation_n that_o possession_n or_o seasine_n be_v give_v or_o take_v but_o they_o be_v the_o necessary_a solemnity_n to_o accomplish_v the_o right_n which_o can_v not_o be_v supply_v by_o any_o other_o mean_a or_o probation_n though_o the_o superior_a with_o a_o thousand_o witness_n shall_v subscribe_v all_o the_o content_n of_o a_o seasine_a it_o will_v be_v of_o no_o effect_n to_o make_v a_o real_a right_n without_o the_o attest_v of_o a_o nottar_n in_o which_o sense_n the_o vulgar_a maxim_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v nulla_fw-la sasina_fw-la nulla_fw-la terra_fw-la which_o be_v not_o only_o necessary_a to_o the_o first_o vassal_n but_o must_v be_v renew_v to_o all_o his_o heir_n and_o successor_n although_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o france_n the_o vassal_n be_v once_o infeft_v his_o heir_n need_v not_o be_v infeft_v but_o do_v continue_v to_o possess_v by_o his_o right_n as_o the_o heir_n of_o tacks-man_n do_v with_o we_o but_o every_o heir_n must_v be_v infeft_v in_o fee_n otherways_o if_o they_o die_v uninfeft_v they_o never_o attain_v the_o real_a right_n but_o only_o a_o possessory_a title_n to_o the_o fruit_n and_o rent_n which_o will_v belong_v to_o their_o executor_n in_o so_o far_o as_o unuplift_v from_o their_o predecessor_n death_n till_o their_o own_o death_n or_o renunciation_n to_o be_v heir_n and_o will_v be_v affect_v for_o their_o proper_a debt_n which_o will_v not_o affect_v the_o heritage_n or_o the_o next_o heir_n enter_v who_o must_v enter_v to_o the_o defunct_a who_o die_v last_o infeft_v and_o will_v be_v liable_a for_o his_o debt_n but_o not_o for_o the_o debt_n of_o his_o appear_v and_o heir_n who_o be_v never_o infeft_v 17._o let_v we_o then_o consider_v the_o formal_a tenor_n of_o a_o instrument_n of_o seasine_n and_o the_o meaning_n thereof_o and_o then_o consider_v the_o essential_o and_o necessary_a requisite_n thereto_o and_o how_o far_o unformal_a seasine_n have_v be_v sustain_v a_o formal_a seasine_n be_v the_o instrument_n of_o a_o nottar-publick_a bear_v the_o delivery_n of_o symbolical_a possession_n by_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o bailzie_n to_o the_o vassal_n or_o his_o acturney_n by_o delivery_n of_o earth_n and_o stone_n and_o other_o symbol_n accustom_v upon_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o fee_n which_o shall_v contain_v the_o name_n of_o god_n as_o its_o initial_a word_n in_o dei_fw-la nomine_fw-la amen_o that_o may_v keep_v the_o nottar_n in_o remembrance_n of_o his_o faith_n and_o trust_n deter_v he_o to_o take_v the_o name_n of_o god_n to_o a_o falsehood_n or_o lie_n second_o it_o shall_v bear_v the_o date_n by_o the_o day_n month_n and_o year_n of_o god_n and_o be_v accustom_v to_o have_v the_o indiction_n and_o name_n of_o the_o pope_n which_o since_o the_o reformation_n have_v not_o be_v in_o use_n but_o it_o shall_v contain_v the_o name_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n three_o it_o bear_v the_o appearance_n of_o the_o vassal_n or_o his_o certain_a aucturney_n which_o be_v sufficient_o instruct_v by_o have_v of_o the_o precept_n of_o seasine_n in_o his_o hand_n which_o be_v but_o presumptio_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o do_v not_o exclude_v a_o contrary_a probation_n especial_o as_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o first_o vassal_n who_o by_o take_v infeftment_n become_v liable_a for_o all_o his_o predecessor_n debt_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o superior_a shall_v grant_v a_o precept_n of_o clare_v constat_fw-la the_o bearer_n whereof_o as_o aucturney_n for_o the_o appearant_a heir_n take_v seasine_n will_v involve_v the_o appear_v and_o heir_n in_o all_o his_o father_n debt_n and_o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o superior_a and_o aucturneys_n oath_n that_o the_o precept_n of_o seasine_n be_v without_o warrant_n from_o the_o appearant_a heir_n and_o so_o be_v fraudulent_a and_o collusive_a to_o involve_v he_o in_o his_o predecessor_n debt_n in_o a_o overburden_a and_o hurtful_a succession_n four_o it_o must_v bear_v the_o delivery_n of_o the_o precept_n of_o seasine_n to_o the_o superior_a if_o he_o be_v present_a or_o in_o his_o absence_n to_o his_o bailzie_n who_o warrant_n be_v secure_v because_o there_o be_v a_o blank_a leave_v in_o the_o precept_n for_o his_o name_n in_o which_o blank_n any_o person_n name_v be_v fill_v up_o he_o be_v sufficient_o authorize_v as_o bailzie_n in_o that_o part_n special_o constitute_v five_o it_o bear_v the_o bailzy_n accept_v of_o the_o precept_n and_o deliver_v of_o it_o to_o the_o nottar_n in_o presence_n of_o the_o witness_n six_o it_o must_v bear_v the_o nottar_n read_v of_o
any_o thing_n mention_v in_o the_o statute_n as_o to_o the_o competition_n of_o infeftment_n upon_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n with_o prior_n base_a infeftment_n nor_o of_o the_o competition_n of_o one_o base_a infeftment_n with_o another_o yet_o custom_n since_o that_o statute_n have_v clear_v and_o determine_v the_o competition_n of_o public_a and_o base_a infeftment_n and_o have_v restrict_v this_o statute_n in_o some_o point_n and_o extend_v it_o in_o other_o first_o custom_n have_v prefer_v all_o public_a infeftment_n upon_o resignation_n or_o confirmation_n or_o upon_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n to_o base_a infeftment_n though_o prior_n if_o the_o base_a infeftment_n have_v lie_v out_o of_o all_o kind_n of_o possession_n and_o likewise_o have_v prefer_v posterior_n base_a infeftment_n first_o clede_n with_o possession_n to_o prior_n base_a infeftment_n without_o possession_n especial_o in_o consideration_n that_o such_o base_a infeftment_n be_v fraudulent_a or_o simulat_fw-la retenta_fw-la possessione_n for_o the_o retain_v of_o possession_n be_v a_o pregnant_a ground_n of_o simulation_n not_o only_o of_o infeftment_n but_o many_o other_o right_n as_o when_o movable_n be_v dispone_v and_o deliver_v but_o present_o take_v back_o and_o the_o natural_a possession_n continue_v in_o the_o disponer_n though_o instrument_n be_v take_v upon_o the_o delivery_n yet_o other_o disposition_n or_o legal_a diligence_n attain_v and_o retain_v possession_n be_v preferable_a because_o the_o other_o disposition_n be_v presume_v fraudulent_a and_o simulat_fw-la and_o gift_n of_o single_a escheat_n or_o liferent_a escheat_n be_v presume_v to_o be_v simulat_fw-la if_o the_o rebel_n or_o his_o conjunct_a and_o confident_a person_n be_v long_o suffer_v to_o retain_v the_o possession_n and_o therefore_o base_a infeftment_n retenta_fw-la possessione_n be_v also_o presume_v fraudulent_a and_o simulat_fw-la and_o that_o not_o only_a presumptione_n juris_fw-la by_o this_o and_o other_o statute_n but_o presumptione_n juris_fw-la &_o de_fw-la jure_fw-la admit_v no_o contrary_a probation_n for_o certain_o base_a infeftment_n may_v be_v and_o oftentimes_o have_v be_v without_o simulation_n and_o for_o onerous_a cause_n and_o yet_o these_o have_v never_o be_v sustain_v or_o admit_v to_o probation_n to_o validat_n such_o base_a infeftment_n and_o albeit_o long_a retention_n of_o possession_n may_v raise_v presumptionem_fw-la hominis_fw-la that_o public_a infeftment_n be_v simulat_fw-la or_o without_o cause_n onerous_a yet_o that_o presumption_n have_v not_o be_v own_v by_o law_n second_o custom_n have_v prefer_v posterior_n base_a infeftment_n attain_v possession_n or_o use_v diligence_n to_o attain_v it_o to_o prior_n base_a infeftment_n not_o attain_v possession_n nor_o use_v diligence_n to_o attain_v it_o and_o albeit_o the_o superveen_a statute_n for_o registration_n of_o seasine_n be_v design_v for_o publication_n thereof_o that_o purchaser_n thereafter_o may_v not_o be_v ensnare_v or_o disappoint_v whereby_o it_o may_v seem_v that_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o private_a or_o base_a infeftment_n and_o public_a infeftment_n may_v have_v be_v lay_v aside_o since_o the_o act_n for_o registration_n of_o seasines_n whereby_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o real_a right_n by_o prove_v base_a infeftment_n clad_v with_o possession_n by_o witness_n wherein_o our_o law_n be_v so_o just_o jealous_a and_o cautious_a that_o they_o be_v not_o admit_v in_o case_n where_o write_v use_n to_o be_v adhibit_v may_v be_v avoid_v yet_o the_o preserence_n of_o public_a infeftment_n to_o prior_n base_a infeftment_n not_o clad_v with_o possession_n be_v fix_v by_o custom_n from_o this_o statute_n before_o the_o act_n for_o registration_n of_o seasines_n by_o the_o space_n of_o threescore_o seventeen_o year_n have_v be_v still_o continue_v and_o such_o infeftment_n as_o be_v without_o consent_n of_o the_o superior_a or_o order_n of_o law_n have_v still_o retain_v the_o name_n and_o nature_n of_o base_a infeftment_n and_o albeit_o the_o alledgeance_n use_v sometime_o to_o be_v propon_v against_o base_a infeftment_n that_o they_o be_v null_a not_o be_v clad_v with_o possession_n yet_o it_o be_v no_o simple_a nullity_n but_o only_o a_o preference_n of_o a_o more_o solemn_a right_n for_o pursuit_n for_o mail_n and_o duty_n remove_n yea_o and_o reduction_n be_v sustain_v thereupon_o and_o will_v not_o be_v exclude_v upon_o pretence_n of_o want_n of_o possession_n as_o thereby_o be_v null_n though_o they_o have_v lie_v long_o out_o of_o possession_n so_o a_o base_a infeftment_n without_o possession_n be_v find_v a_o sufficient_a title_n in_o a_o reduction_n to_o enforce_v production_n of_o all_o other_o infeftment_n base_a or_o public_a albeit_o the_o superior_a do_v not_o concur_v spot_n kirk-man_n dowglas_n contra_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o home_n and_o such_o infeftment_n do_v always_o exclude_v posterior_n arrestment_n they_o do_v also_o exclude_v the_o terce_n of_o the_o granter_n relict_n january_n 27._o 1669._o bell_n of_o belford_n contra_fw-la lady_n rutherford_n but_o base_a infeftment_n do_v not_o exclude_v the_o liferent_a escheat_n of_o their_o author_n unless_o they_o attain_v possession_n in_o cursu_fw-la rebellionis_fw-la march_v 19_o 1633._o laird_n of_o rentoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o blackiter_n february_n 21._o 1667._o robert_n milne_n contra_fw-la clerkson_n where_o there_o be_v no_o further_a ground_n of_o simulation_n than_o the_o want_n of_o possession_n very_o little_a possession_n or_o diligence_n for_o possession_n will_v prefer_v base_a infeftment_n to_o posterior_n public_a infeftment_n or_o to_o posterior_n base_a infeftment_n clad_v with_o possession_n as_o the_o lift_n of_o one_o term_n rend_v do_v prefer_v a_o base_a infeftment_n to_o a_o posterior_n public_a infeftment_n clad_v with_o many_o year_n possession_n hope_n alienation_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la mcadam_n and_o the_o payment_n of_o a_o small_a part_n of_o annualrent_n far_o within_o a_o term_n annual_a be_v sustain_v to_o prefer_v a_o base_a infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n and_o it_o be_v also_o prefer_v because_o there_o be_v a_o decreet_a of_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n though_o not_o put_v to_o execution_n february_n 26._o and_o 27._o 1662._o creditor_n of_o kinglassie_n competing_n and_o a_o citation_n for_o attain_v possession_n be_v find_v sufficient_a february_n 13._o 1624._o corse_n contra_fw-la july_n 2._o 1625._o raploch_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o lethem_n june_n 26._o 1662._o wilson_n contra_fw-la thomson_n january_n 24._o 1679._o hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la seatoun_n yea_o a_o base_a infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v prefer_v to_o a_o posterior_n base_a infeftment_n of_o property_n which_o interveen_v before_o the_o first_o term_n at_o which_o the_o annualrent_n be_v payable_a and_o clad_v with_o possession_n before_o that_o term_n so_o that_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la do_v not_o lie_v out_o of_o possession_n but_o can_v attain_v none_o july_n 26._o 1676._o captain_n alison_n contra_fw-la bailzie_n carmichael_n and_o a_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v out_o of_o discontiguous_a land_n in_o several_a shire_n be_v prefer_v as_o to_o both_o tenement_n by_o get_v payment_n of_o annualrent_n from_o the_o heretor_fw-la or_o tenant_n of_o either_o tenement_n november_n 6._o 1673._o mr._n alexander_n miln_n contra_fw-la mr._n thomas_n hay_o and_o possession_n by_o a_o infeftment_n for_o corroboration_n of_o a_o annualrent_a do_v prefer_v the_o principal_a infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n have_v no_o other_o possession_n july_n 9_o 1668._o alexander_n contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d and_o a_o infeftment_n of_o principal_a land_n and_o warrandice_n land_n be_v clad_v with_o possession_n of_o the_o principal_a land_n these_o be_v evict_v be_v find_v to_o make_v the_o infeftment_n of_o the_o warrandice_n land_n effectual_a from_o its_o date_n and_o prefer_v to_o a_o posterior_n public_a infeftment_n of_o the_o warrandice_n land_n though_o clad_v with_o long_a possession_n january_n 9_o 1666._o elizabeth_n brown_n contra_fw-la john_n scot._n yea_o base_a infeftment_n to_o wivesupon_o their_o contract_n of_o marriage_n 〈◊〉_d prefer_v to_o all_o posterior_n infeftment_n and_o the_o husband_n possession_n be_v account_v the_o wife_n possession_n though_o he_o be_v common_a author_n to_o both_o november_n 23._o 1664._o elizabeth_n nisbet_n contra_fw-la patrick_n murray_n and_o though_o the_o husband_n do_v not_o 〈◊〉_d himself_o but_o wodsetter_n derive_v right_o from_o he_o june_n 18._o 1667._o lady_n 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la sir_n john_n strachan_n and_o where_o the_o husband_n mother_n do_v 〈◊〉_d by_o a_o liferent_a flow_v from_o the_o husband_n father_n to_o who_o 〈◊〉_d he_o be_v heir_n it_o be_v find_v sufficient_a to_o clothe_v his_o wife_n infeftment_n with_o possession_n february_n 21._o 1672._o mr._n james_n reid_n contra_fw-la countess_n of_o dundee_n but_o a_o base_a infeftment_n of_o a_o wodsett_n with_o a_o back-tack_n to_o the_o grant_a be_v not_o hold_v clad_v with_o possession_n by_o the_o granter_n possession_n as_o tacks-man_n till_o some_o further_a possession_n be_v attain_v where_o there_o be_v any_o further_a ground_n of_o suspicion_n or_o simulation_n there_o must_v be_v a_o clear_a
solemnity_n requisite_a in_o infeftment_n there_o use_v to_o be_v many_o clause_n insert_v therein_o all_o which_o we_o can_v follow_v but_o shall_v insist_v in_o the_o most_o ordinar_n and_o and_o important_a these_o be_v union_n erection_n warrandice_n reservation_n provision_n condition_n and_o clause_n irritant_fw-la 44._o union_n be_v the_o conjunction_n or_o incorporation_n of_o land_n or_o tenement_n lie_v discontigue_n or_o several_a kind_n unto_o one_o tenement_n that_o one_o seasine_a may_v suffice_v for_o they_o all_o in_o which_o there_o be_v sometime_o express_v a_o special_a place_n where_o seasine_n shall_v be_v take_v and_o when_o that_o be_v not_o seasine_n upon_o any_o part_n be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o whole_a land_n lie_v contiguous_a be_v natural_o unite_v and_o needs_o no_o union_n so_o that_o seasine_n take_v upon_o any_o of_o they_o extend_v to_o the_o whole_a but_o where_o they_o lie_v discontiguous_a other_o tenement_n be_v interject_v there_o must_v be_v seasine_n take_v upon_o every_o discontiguous_a tenement_n which_o must_v be_v all_o particular_o so_o express_v in_o the_o instrument_n of_o season_n whereof_o one_o will_v serve_v for_o all_o the_o tenement_n or_o otherways_o when_o they_o be_v tenement_n of_o several_a kind_n as_o land_n milns_n fortalices_n and_o fish_n all_o which_o be_v several_a kind_n of_o tenement_n and_o require_v several_a seasine_n and_o pass_v by_o several_a symbol_n or_o token_n as_o land_n by_o earth_n and_o stone_n milns_n by_o the_o clap_n fortalices_n by_o the_o entry_n at_o the_o gate_n and_o enclose_v the_o person_n possess_v and_o exclude_v the_o grant_a of_o the_o possession_n solemn_o conform_v to_o the_o charter_n or_o precept_n union_n can_v be_v constitute_v original_o by_o no_o other_o than_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n concede_v the_o same_o january_n 16._o 1623._o mr._n hendry_n aikin_n contra_fw-la greenlaw_n or_o confirm_v the_o same_o january_n 16._o 1623._o aikin_n contra_fw-la stuart_n and_o therefore_o union_n be_v constitute_v by_o a_o subject_a not_o have_v the_o same_o from_o the_o king_n be_v find_v null_a by_o exception_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o possessor_n though_o pretend_v no_o right_n december_n 16._o 1628._o lady_n borthwick_n contra_fw-la scot_n of_o goldylands_n and_o when_o there_o be_v a_o place_n for_o the_o seasine_a of_o the_o union_n a_o seasine_a take_v elsewhere_o reach_v none_o of_o the_o land_n lie_v discontigue_n march_v 19_o 1636._o lady_n dunipace_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o but_o if_o the_o land_n unite_v by_o the_o king_n be_v dispone_v whole_o together_o by_o the_o vassal_n to_o other_o subaltern_o infeft_v the_o union_n stand_v valid_a july_n 12._o 1626._o stuart_n and_o dowglas_n contra_fw-la cranstoun_n home_n repeat_v jan._n 5._o 1627._o which_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n ought_v to_o be_v extend_v to_o subaltern_n infeftment_n of_o a_o annualrent_a of_o a_o barony_n or_o unite_a tenement_n which_o be_v find_v to_o extend_v to_o a_o miln_n and_o to_o land_n lie_v discontigue_n though_o not_o take_v in_o the_o place_n design_v in_o the_o union_n spot_n executor_n lady_n ednem_fw-la contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o ednem_fw-la 45._o erection_n be_v when_o land_n be_v not_o only_o unite_v in_o one_o tenement_n but_o be_v erect_v into_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o barony_n which_o comprehend_v lordship_n earldom_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o be_v more_o noble_a title_n of_o a_o barony_n have_v the_o like_a seudal_a effect_n and_o whensoever_o the_o tenement_n be_v grant_v as_o a_o barony_n union_n be_v comprehend_v as_o the_o lesser_a degree_n though_o not_o express_v and_o therefore_o one_o seasine_n carry_v the_o whole_a barony_n and_o all_o milns_n and_o fortalices_n thereupon_o and_o fish_v adjacent_a thereto_o erection_n can_v be_v only_o grant_v by_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n and_o be_v not_o communicable_a by_o the_o subaltern_n infeftment_n though_o the_o union_n employ_v therein_o may_v be_v communicate_v erection_n be_v find_v to_o be_v instruct_v by_o the_o king_n confirmation_n of_o a_o charter_n design_v the_o land_n a_o barony_n though_o it_o be_v not_o a_o barony_n before_o but_o the_o half_a of_o a_o barony_n wherein_o the_o baron_n infeft_v his_o son_n in_o libera_n baronia_n which_o infeftment_n be_v confirm_v by_o the_o king_n do_v constitute_v it_o a_o full_a barony_n whereby_o a_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n take_v upon_o a_o part_n of_o the_o land_n affect_v the_o whole_a november_n 16._o 1630._o laird_n of_o clackmanan_n contra_fw-la alardice_n erection_n of_o kirklands_n in_o temporal_a barony_n or_o lordship_n whereby_o the_o lord_n of_o erection_n be_v interject_v betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o fevar_n be_v prohibit_v par._n 1592._o cap._n 119._o and_o par._n 1594._o cap._n 195._o for_o all_o these_o land_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n par._n 1587._o cap._n 29._o and_o par._n 1633._o cap._n 10._o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v evident_a that_o such_o erection_n be_v prejudicial_a both_o to_o the_o king_n who_o lose_v his_o casualty_n of_o the_o fevar_n and_o to_o the_o people_n who_o must_v accept_v another_o superior_a in_o stead_n of_o the_o king_n and_o though_o they_o have_v former_o but_o subject_n to_o their_o superior_n yet_o churchman_n be_v much_o more_o easy_a than_o secular_a person_n as_o require_v little_a service_n and_o be_v ashamed_a to_o demand_v rigorous_a rate_n but_o any_o man_n may_v obtain_v the_o land_n he_o have_v in_o property_n hold_v mediate_o of_o the_o king_n which_o be_v kirk-land_n erect_v in_o any_o dignity_n the_o king_n please_v to_o grant_v there_o be_v many_o exception_n in_o the_o act_n of_o annexation_n of_o the_o temporality_n of_o kirk-land_n and_o in_o the_o act_n against_o erection_n by_o which_o the_o kirk-land_n except_v be_v valid_o erect_v and_o all_o the_o erection_n be_v so_o far_o allow_v as_o to_o give_v the_o lord_n of_o erection_n right_n to_o the_o feu-duty_n or_o fruit_n of_o the_o property_n of_o kirk-land_n feve_v till_o they_o be_v redeem_v by_o payment_n of_o ten_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o the_o infeftment_n grant_v to_o the_o vassal_n medio_fw-la tempore_fw-la be_v valid_a but_o the_o casualty_n ought_v still_o to_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n it_o have_v be_v sometime_o question_v whether_o the_o union_n and_o erection_n of_o land_n be_v dissolve_v and_o lose_v by_o a_o infeftment_n of_o a_o part_n thereof_o from_o the_o vassal_n hold_v of_o the_o superior_a by_o resignation_n or_o confirmation_n craig_n l._n 2._o dieges_fw-fr 7._o be_v for_o the_o affirmative_a confirm_v by_o the_o resemblance_n of_o a_o sheaf_n of_o arrow_n bind_v with_o one_o ligament_n for_o if_o one_o arrow_n be_v pull_v out_o all_o become_v louse_n and_o so_o the_o union_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v dissolve_v unless_o the_o superior_a give_v the_o new_a infeftment_n but_o prejudice_n of_o the_o rest_n but_o though_o such_o case_n frequent_o occur_v whereby_o infeftment_n of_o discontiguous_a land_n will_v only_o be_v valid_a as_o to_o the_o contiguous_a land_n upon_o which_o they_o be_v take_v yet_o in_o no_o competition_n or_o other_o process_n have_v it_o be_v observe_v by_o any_o to_o be_v draw_v in_o question_n or_o decide_v so_o that_o we_o have_v ever_o rest_v in_o the_o negative_a and_o the_o consequence_n from_o that_o resemblance_n be_v not_o sufficient_a but_o on_o the_o contrary_a he_o who_o unite_v many_o discontiguous_a land_n unite_v every_o part_n of_o they_o to_o every_o part_n so_o that_o the_o take_v off_o of_o one_o part_n dissolve_v only_o itself_o the_o rest_n remain_v unite_v but_o union_n or_o erection_n do_v not_o change_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o land_n unite_v as_o to_o the_o shire_n and_o bailziry_n where_o they_o natural_o lie_v vide_fw-la tit._n confiscatione_n §_o horning_n barony_n and_o unite_a tenement_n when_o they_o be_v original_o grant_v aught_o to_o express_v the_o several_a tenement_n according_a to_o their_o proper_a designation_n and_o so_o express_o unite_v they_o but_o when_o these_o be_v acknowledge_v to_o have_v be_v barony_n or_o otherways_o unite_v or_o be_v name_v or_o defign_v as_o such_o by_o these_o who_o have_v power_n to_o unite_n than_o the_o common_a name_n of_o the_o unite_a barony_n or_o tenement_n be_v sufficient_a to_o carry_v all_o that_o be_v hold_v and_o repute_n as_o part_v and_o pertinent_o thereof_o which_o be_v extend_v to_o land_n as_o part_n of_o a_o common_a designation_n though_o some_o particular_n be_v name_v and_o the_o land_n in_o question_n have_v also_o proper_a name_n and_o be_v express_v in_o the_o ancient_a infeftment_n the_o right_a in_o question_n be_v a_o apprize_a march_v 23._o 1622._o gallowsheils_n contra_fw-la lord_n borthwick_n union_n and_o erection_n be_v as_o quality_n of_o the_o real_a right_n and_o pass_v unto_o singular_a successor_n as_o be_v before_o express_v 46._o warrandice_n be_v either_o real_a when_o infeftment_n be_v give_v of_o one_o tenement_n in_o security_n of_o
seem_v to_o make_v a_o herzeld_a due_a by_o tenant_n possess_v four_o oxen-gang_n of_o land_n to_o their_o master_n go_v to_o the_o war_n by_o poor_a tenant_n possess_v only_o four_o ongat_fw-la of_o land_n or_o less_o such_o not_o be_v able_a by_o reason_n of_o poverty_n to_o go_v in_o person_n with_o he_o yet_o the_o constant_a custom_n lay_v herezeld_n most_o upon_o tenant_n possess_v more_o land_n and_o general_o upon_o all_o who_o be_v not_o cottar_n not_o pay_v immediate_o to_o the_o master_n but_o to_o his_o tennent_n dwell_v upon_o the_o ground_n and_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n whether_o he_o be_v mailer_n or_o fermer_n only_o due_a at_o the_o tenants_n death_n the_o herezeld_v be_v find_v due_a to_o the_o lady_n liferenter_fw-la though_o the_o defunct_a have_v the_o room_n in_o steelbow_n hope_n herezeld_v lady_n tockrig_n contra_fw-la oliver_n baird_n but_o not_o where_o the_o defunct_a tennent_n be_v warn_v and_o decern_v to_o remove_v hope_n ibid._n walter_n callender_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n and_o craig_n observe_v lib._n 2._o dieges_fw-fr 8._o that_o a_o herezeld_v be_v take_v the_o tenants_n successor_n be_v not_o to_o be_v remove_v for_o a_o year_n so_o it_o be_v find_v march_v 20._o 1629._o auchnacloich_n contra_fw-la mathie_n 81._o steelbow_n good_n set_v with_o land_n upon_o these_o term_n that_o the_o like_a number_n of_o good_n shall_v be_v restore_v at_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o tack_v do_v not_o pass_v by_o disposition_n of_o land_n as_o pertinent_o thereof_o unless_o they_o be_v express_v but_o do_v remain_v as_o moveable_n arrestable_a december_n 4._o 1638._o lady_n westmoreland_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o home_n january_n 28._o 1642._o 〈◊〉_d dunda_fw-la contra_fw-la george_n brown_n and_o so_o they_o fall_v under_o single_a escheat_n and_o can_v be_v take_v from_o the_o tennent_n till_o his_o tack_v run_v out_o decem._n 6._o 1628._o lawson_n contra_fw-la lady_n boghal_o have_v consider_v the_o nature_n tenor_n and_o import_v of_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o feess_n it_o be_v now_o proper_a to_o consider_v the_o legal_a effect_n thereof_o which_o be_v either_o injudicio_fw-la possessorio_fw-la or_o petitorio_fw-la 82._o in_o possessorio_fw-la all_o infeftment_n clad_v with_o lawful_a possession_n during_o the_o time_n prescribe_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n be_v valide_fw-la and_o effectual_a either_o in_o pursuit_n or_o defence_n ay_o and_o while_o they_o be_v reduce_v and_o thereby_o not_o only_o be_v the_o fire_n or_o these_o derive_v right_o from_o he_o secure_a to_o possess_v and_o can_v be_v impede_v or_o disquict_v by_o any_o other_o right_o though_o it_o will_v be_v a_o prior_n and_o better_a right_o in_o petitorio_fw-la but_o thereupon_o all_o possessory_a action_n may_v effectual_o proceed_v for_o mail_n and_o duty_n for_o remove_n of_o tenant_n or_o possessor_n for_o perambulation_n or_o cognition_n of_o march_n much_o more_o for_o intrusion_n succeed_v in_o the_o vice_n of_o remove_a tenant_n or_o ejection_n as_o to_o which_o possession_n alone_o be_v sufficient_a the_o motive_n introductory_n of_o this_o privilege_n in_o possessory_a judgement_n be_v because_o infeftment_n be_v ordinary_o grant_v subaltern_o there_o be_v many_o superior_n betwixt_o and_o the_o supreme_a and_o each_o superior_a keep_v his_o own_o infeftment_n and_o give_v to_o his_o vassal_n out_o a_o charter_n and_o seasine_n hold_v of_o himself_o and_o therefore_o no_o perfect_a right_n of_o the_o ground_n can_v be_v instruct_v but_o by_o a_o deduction_n from_o the_o king_n the_o suprem_fw-la superior_n or_o by_o prescription_n and_o therefore_o in_o petitorio_fw-la whereby_o the_o full_a validity_n of_o the_o right_n be_v declare_v or_o decern_v before_o a_o full_a issue_n all_o the_o interveen_a superior_n must_v be_v call_v to_o produce_v their_o right_n till_o the_o common_a superior_n from_o who_o both_o party_n derive_v right_a so_o that_o neither_o party_n can_v quarrel_v his_o 〈◊〉_d which_o require_v a_o long_a course_n of_o time_n and_o therefore_o he_o who_o by_o infeftment_n be_v suffer_v to_o possess_v for_o a_o considerable_a course_n of_o time_n unquarrel_v the_o law_n presume_v his_o right_n be_v good_a and_o he_o be_v not_o only_o secure_v not_o to_o be_v comptable_a for_o the_o rent_n and_o profit_n he_o have_v enjoy_v which_o require_v no_o course_n of_o time_n but_o bonae_fw-la fidei_fw-la possessor_n facit_fw-la fructus_fw-la conjumptos_fw-la suos_fw-la of_o which_o in_o the_o former_a title_n §_o 28._o but_o he_o be_v even_o secure_a for_o all_o that_o he_o shall_v enjoy_v until_o in_o a_o petitory_a judgement_n by_o a_o declarator_n or_o reduction_n he_o be_v put_v in_o mala_fw-la fide_fw-la by_o the_o production_n of_o another_o right_n appear_v evident_o to_o be_v better_a and_o exclusive_a of_o his_o till_o which_o he_o be_v not_o to_o doubt_v of_o his_o own_o right_n but_o may_v safe_o and_o quiet_o enjoy_v and_o spend_v the_o fruit_n the_o time_n require_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n for_o attain_v this_o privilege_n be_v undetermined_a and_o in_o arbitrio_fw-la judicis_fw-la at_o first_o but_o it_o be_v not_o sustain_v upon_o two_o year_n possession_n july_n 17._o 1610._o auchterlony_n contra_fw-la annan_n it_o be_v sustain_v upon_o fifeteen_fw-mi year_n possession_n ordinary_o and_o then_o upon_o fourteen_o year_n possession_n july_n 16._o 1623._o sybald_n contra_fw-la stuart_n and_o upon_o ten_o year_n possession_n november_n 19_o 1623._o hamilton_n contra_fw-la dick._n march_n 29._o 1624._o monnypenny_n contra_fw-la tenant_n it_o be_v also_o sustain_v upon_o seven_o year_n possession_n decemb._n 10._o 1623._o irving_n contra_fw-la gordon_n hope_n confirm_v earl_n of_o arran_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o comely_a and_o earl_n of_o seaforth_n and_o it_o be_v once_o sustain_v upon_o six_o year_n possession_n march_v 13._o 1627._o feurd_a contra_fw-la stivenson_n yea_o once_o upon_o three_o year_n possession_n hope_n possession_n murray_n of_o lochmaben_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n but_o now_o of_o a_o long_a time_n it_o have_v be_v fix_v to_o seven_o year_n possession_n and_o it_o be_v not_o only_o sustain_v as_o to_o land_n either_o as_o to_o the_o fiar_n or_o liferenter_n but_o also_o to_o multure_n where_o the_o land_n and_o quantity_n of_o multure_n be_v particular_o express_v but_o it_o be_v not_o sustain_v upon_o a_o apprize_n without_o infeftment_n or_o charge_n feb._n 6._o 1668._o mr._n george_n johnstoun_n contra_fw-la charles_n erskin_n neither_o be_v it_o sustain_v upon_o obtain_v decreet_n or_o lift_v of_o seven_o year_n rend_v together_o but_o continue_v in_o possession_n by_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o year_n by_o labour_v or_o uplift_v the_o rent_n january_n 25._o 1672._o harper_n contra_fw-la armour_n neither_o upon_o possession_n as_o part_v and_o pertinent_a the_o possession_n be_v vicious_a and_o violent_a june_n 25._o 1674._o mr._n heugh_n maxwel_n contra_fw-la ferguson_n the_o like_a where_o the_o possession_n be_v intervert_v june_n 24._o 1679._o menzies_n of_o sckian_n contra_fw-la campbel_n of_o torerick_n neither_o upon_o apprize_v and_o infeftment_n against_o a_o other_o apprizer_n within_o year_n and_o day_n july_n 17._o 1675._o balie_n baird_n contra_fw-la bailie_n justice_n neither_o be_v it_o sustain_v against_o a_o apprize_n for_o the_o avail_n of_o a_o marriage_n be_v debitum_fw-la sundi_fw-la december_n 17._o 1673._o patrick_n hadden_n contra_fw-la john_n more_n neither_o against_o the_o king_n nor_o his_o donatar_n see_v the_o king_n need_v no_o reduction_n and_o can_v be_v prejudge_v by_o the_o neglect_n of_o his_o officer_n not_o pursue_v in_o seven_o year_n january_n 28._o 1679._o laird_n of_o blair_n contra_fw-la lady_n heslehead_n neither_o against_o a_o liferenter_fw-la unless_o the_o possession_n have_v be_v seven_o year_n after_o her_o husband_n death_n neither_o against_o recourse_n upon_o infeftment_n of_o warrandice_n after_o eviction_n which_o require_v no_o reduction_n january_n 9_o 1666._o elizabeth_n broun_n contra_fw-la john_n scot._n the_o like_a unless_o there_o have_v be_v seven_o year_n possession_n after_o the_o eviction_n february_n 20._o 1668._o mr._n john_n forbes_n contra_fw-la inn_n neither_o be_v it_o ever_o sustain_v against_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n feu-duty_n or_o other_o debita_fw-la fundi_fw-la june_n 29._o 1662._o adamson_n contra_fw-la lord_n balmirrino_n neither_o have_v annualrent_n the_o benefit_n of_o possessory_a judgement_n for_o they_o more_o than_o against_o they_o but_o it_o be_v not_o find_v relevant_a to_o exclude_v a_o possessory_a judgement_n that_o there_o be_v interruption_n by_o citation_n not_o be_v within_o the_o last_o seven_o year_n july_n 15._o 1668._o earl_n of_o wintoun_n contra_fw-la gordon_n of_o letterfary_n nor_o because_o the_o matter_n become_v litigious_a by_o a_o denunciation_n and_o apprise_v june_n 17._o 1678._o sir_n william_n stuart_n contra_fw-la murrays_n it_o use_v to_o be_v controvert_v whether_o seven_o year_n possession_n be_v relevant_a against_o a_o infeftment_n clad_v with_o possession_n immediate_o before_o the_o seven_o year_n as_o to_o
fall_v by_o reduction_n or_o nullity_n of_o infeftment_n or_o retour_n 20._o burgage_n fall_v not_o in_o nonentrie_n as_o to_o the_o burgh_n or_o particular_a person_n 21._o the_o effect_n of_o the_o general_a declarator_n of_o nonentry_n 22._o the_o effect_n of_o nonentrie_n after_o citation_n in_o the_o general_a declarator_n 23._o exception_n against_o nonentry_n as_o to_o the_o feu-dutie_n or_o retoured_a mail_n 24._o exception_n against_o nonentrie_n as_o to_o the_o full_a rent_n 25._o whether_o nonentrie_n after_o ward_n require_v declarator_n 26._o the_o original_a of_o relief_n 27._o the_o custom_n of_o england_n and_o france_n as_o to_o relief_n 28._o the_o quantity_n of_o relief_n with_o we_o 29._o whether_o relief_n be_v due_a during_o nonentrie_n 30._o whether_o relief_n be_v due_a when_o the_o heir_n be_v enter_v whether_o the_o fee_n be_v burden_v with_o conjunct-fee_n or_o liferent_a 31._o relief_n stop_v not_o the_o heir_n seasine_n 32._o composition_n for_o the_o entry_n of_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n 33._o the_o original_a of_o ward_n 34._o the_o effect_n of_o ward_n as_o to_o the_o heir_n person_n 35._o the_o effect_n of_o ward_n as_o to_o the_o fee._n 36._o the_o restriction_n of_o ward_n 37._o the_o value_n of_o the_o marriage_n of_o heir_n of_o ward-vassal_n 38._o the_o true_a interest_n of_o superior_n in_o the_o marriage_n of_o their_o vassal_n 39_o the_o single_a value_n of_o marriage_n not_o penal_a but_o favourable_a 40._o double_o value_v penal_a and_o unfavourable_a with_o the_o exception_n against_o it_o 41._o single_a value_n find_v due_a where_o the_o heir_n be_v marry_v before_o his_o predecessor_n die_v by_o precipitation_n 42._o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o single_a value_n in_o heir_n male_a or_o female_a 43._o marriage_n be_v debitum_fw-la fundi_fw-la 44._o it_o belong_v to_o the_o elder_a superior_a 45._o the_o royal_a prerogative_n prefer_v the_o king_n to_o all_o other_o as_o to_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o vassal_n 46._o marriage_n be_v due_a by_o the_o heir_n of_o appryzer_n 47._o exception_n against_o the_o value_n of_o marriage_n 48._o the_o rise_n of_o liferent-escheat_n 49._o it_o extend_v to_o all_o kind_n of_o liferent_n 50._o liferent_n of_o fee_n not_o have_v infeftment_n or_o not_o owe_v fidelity_n to_o a_o subject_a belong_v to_o the_o king_n 51._o liferent_a escheat_n of_o sub-vassal_n to_o who_o they_o belong_v 52._o liferent_a escheat_n be_v not_o exclude_v by_o voluntary_a infeftment_n after_o denunciation_n not_o be_v for_o implement_n of_o a_o special_a obligement_n to_o infeft_v before_o denunciation_n 53._o liferent_a escheat_n be_v exclude_v by_o apprize_a for_o debt_n anterior_a to_o the_o rebellion_n there_o be_v infeftment_n or_o charge_v in_o cursu_fw-la rebellionis_fw-la 54._o liferent_a esche_n it_o extend_v not_o to_o burgage_n or_o mortification_n 55._o but_o extend_v to_o minister_n stipend_n 56._o liferent_a escheat_n be_v make_v effectual_a by_o declarator_n have_v now_o show_v what_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o vassal_n in_o the_o fee_n it_o will_v be_v the_o more_o easy_a to_o find_v out_o what_o the_o superior_n right_o of_o the_o superiority_n retain_v for_o what_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o fee_n and_o be_v not_o dispone_v to_o the_o vassal_n be_v reserve_v to_o the_o superior_a and_o it_o be_v either_o constitute_v as_o belong_v to_o the_o superior_a constant_o or_o casual_o 1._o the_o constant_a right_n of_o the_o superior_a stand_v main_o in_o these_o particular_n first_o superiority_n itself_o be_v dominium_fw-la directum_fw-la as_o the_o tenentry_n be_v but_o dominium_fw-la utile_fw-la as_o before_o be_v show_v and_o therefore_o the_o superior_a must_v be_v infeft_v as_o well_o as_o the_o vassal_n and_o that_o in_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n itself_o without_o mention_n of_o the_o superiority_n which_o follow_v but_o upon_o the_o concession_n of_o the_o fee_n in_o tenentry_n though_o sometime_o through_o the_o ignorance_n of_o writer_n infeftment_n bear_v express_o to_o be_v of_o the_o superiority_n 2._o only_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n as_o the_o common_a fountain_n of_o all_o right_n of_o the_o ground_n need_v no_o infeftment_n but_o have_v his_o right_n found_v in_o jure_fw-la communi_fw-la and_o be_v not_o feudal_n but_o allodial_a and_o when_o the_o right_a of_o land_n fall_v to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o casuality_n of_o his_o superiority_n as_o forefaulture_n recognition_n bastardy_n or_o last_o heir_n if_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o king_n they_o be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la consolidat_fw-la with_o the_o superiority_n and_o the_o declarator_n require_v thereanent_a do_v not_o constitute_v but_o declare_v the_o king_n right_o without_o prejudice_n of_o what_o be_v consume_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la but_o where_o they_o be_v not_o hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o king_n the_o right_a thereof_o be_v perfect_v by_o gift_n and_o presentation_n whereby_o the_o immediate_a superior_a be_v oblige_v to_o receive_v the_o donatar_n by_o infeftment_n like_a to_o that_o of_o his_o former_a vassal_n yet_o the_o king_n right_o by_o the_o casuality_n though_o it_o be_v not_o perfect_v be_v real_a and_o effectual_a against_o all_o singular_a successor_n whereby_o deed_n of_o treason_n and_o recognition_n be_v in_o fact_n ordinary_o prove_v by_o witness_n purchaser_n can_v be_v secure_v by_o any_o register_n and_o therefore_o must_v secure_v themselves_o by_o the_o king_n confirmation_n &_o novo_fw-la damus_fw-la but_o where_o the_o king_n succeed_v in_o any_o fee_n to_o a_o subject_a as_o to_o property_n or_o superiority_n before_o he_o can_v alienat_fw-la the_o same_o he_o must_v be_v serve_v heir_n in_o special_a thereunto_o so_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o be_v serve_v heir_n to_o queen_n ann_n his_o mother_n in_o the_o lordship_n of_o dumfermling_n in_o which_o king_n james_n infeft_v she_o in_o fee_n to_o she_o and_o her_o heir_n by_o a_o morning-gift_n the_o first_o day_n after_o his_o marriage_n with_o she_o and_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o be_v serve_v heir_n to_o charles_n duke_n of_o lennox_n in_o the_o earldom_n of_o lennox_n in_o which_o service_n the_o chancellor_n and_o fourteen_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v the_o inquest_n the_o young_a lord_n be_v leave_v out_o because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o more_o but_o fifteen_o but_o the_o king_n need_v no_o infeftment_n upon_o such_o retour_n but_o if_o he_o acquire_v any_o land_n hold_v immediate_o of_o himself_o the_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n must_v be_v registrat_n and_o if_o hold_v of_o a_o subject_a there_o arise_v no_o real_a right_n to_o a_o donatar_a till_o he_o be_v infeft_v upon_o the_o king_n presentation_n and_o his_o seasine_a registrat_n by_o both_o which_o the_o certainty_n of_o land-rights_a be_v preserve_v 3._o second_o superiority_n carry_v a_o right_a to_o all_o action_n follow_v the_o land_n against_o any_o other_o than_o the_o vassal_n for_o see_v superior_n be_v infeft_v in_o the_o land_n they_o can_v only_o be_v repel_v from_o such_o action_n by_o the_o right_n grant_v to_o their_o vassal_n but_o by_o no_o other_o and_o so_o may_v remove_v possessor_n who_o can_v show_v no_o right_n this_o be_v find_v though_o the_o superior_n infeftment_n bear_v he_o only_o to_o be_v infeft_v in_o the_o superiority_n of_o the_o land_n november_n 19_o 1624._o lag_a contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n 4._o if_o a_o superior_a become_v fire_n by_o succession_n or_o acquisition_n for_o establish_v the_o property_n in_o his_o person_n he_o may_v either_o be_v infeft_v upon_o his_o own_o precept_n or_o the_o king_n november_n 26._o 1668._o daughter_n of_o mr._n robert_n mortoun_n 5._o but_o a_o superior_a can_v interpose_v betwixt_o himself_o and_o his_o vassal_n by_o infeft_v another_o in_o the_o land_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o himself_o such_o infeftment_n be_v find_v null_a by_o exception_n january_n 30._o 1671._o dowglas_n of_o kelhead_n contra_fw-la vassal_n superior_n must_v receive_v and_o infeft_v their_o sub-vassal_n upon_o the_o refusal_n or_o incapacity_n of_o the_o vassal_n and_o may_v at_o any_o time_n after_o receive_v the_o immediate_a vassal_n or_o his_o successor_n or_o another_o if_o the_o immediate_a vassal_n right_o be_v extinct_a or_o acquire_v by_o the_o superior_a which_o be_v no_o unwarrantable_a interposition_n which_o be_v repel_v as_o contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o feudal_n contract_n and_o right_o it_o be_v inconsistent_a that_o the_o superior_a shall_v both_o give_v his_o superiority_n to_o another_o and_o claim_v it_o himself_o dans_fw-fr &_o retinens_fw-la nihil_fw-la that_fw-mi and_o if_o that_o be_v allow_v interpose_a vassal_n may_v be_v infinite_o multiply_v november_n 26._o 1672._o earl_n of_o argyle_n contra_fw-la mcleod_n in_o which_o case_n the_o late_a marquis_n of_o argyle_n be_v forefault_n mcleod_n who_o be_v argyles_n vassal_n be_v retour_v and_o infeft_v in_o the_o land_n as_o hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o king_n which_o do_v not_o hinder_v the_o king_n to_o interpose_v this_o
earl_n of_o argile_n as_o donatar_n to_o his_o father_n forefaulture_n see_v the_o king_n have_v do_v no_o deed_n to_o accept_v mcleod_n as_o his_o immediate_a vassal_n but_o that_o he_o be_v infeft_v by_o precept_n out_o of_o the_o chanclery_n pass_v of_o course_n 6._o superior_n nor_o their_o donatar_n need_v not_o instruct_v the_o superior_n right_a but_o the_o vassal_n must_v acknowledge_v it_o or_o disclaim_v he_o upon_o his_o peril_n so_o it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o casuality_n of_o marriage_n february_n 25._o 1662._o arbuthnet_n contra_fw-la keith_n which_o will_v not_o hold_v if_o the_o right_n of_o superiority_n be_v new_o acquire_v and_o no_o infeftment_n give_v to_o the_o vassal_n or_o his_o predecessor_n by_o virtue_n thereof_o the_o superior_n infeftment_n give_v he_o interest_n to_o pursue_v reduction_n and_o improbation_n against_o all_o party_n even_o against_o his_o own_o vassal_n who_o will_v be_v force_v to_o produce_v their_o right_n under_o the_o certification_n to_o be_v declare_v null_n or_o false_a and_o feign_a though_o when_o they_o be_v produce_v they_o may_v defend_v they_o 7._o superiority_n carry_v a_o right_a to_o the_o service_n and_o duty_n contain_v in_o the_o vassal_n reddendo_fw-la and_o that_o not_o only_o personal_o against_o the_o vassal_n upon_o any_o personal_a obligation_n or_o contract_n in_o write_n but_o also_o by_o virtue_n of_o intromission_n in_o meddle_v with_o the_o fruit_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n for_o all_o such_o intromettor_n may_v be_v pursue_v and_o distress_v personal_o for_o the_o duty_n contain_v in_o the_o reddendo_fw-la which_o be_v grant_v to_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n for_o their_o tack_v duty_n against_o tenant_n and_o all_o intromettor_n with_o the_o rent_n be_v much_o more_o competent_a to_o the_o superior_a for_o his_o feu-duty_n or_o other_o service_n in_o kind_n how_o far_o this_o will_v be_v extend_v to_o blensh-duty_n have_v be_v show_v in_o the_o former_a title_n and_o as_o to_o service_n which_o be_v annual_a as_o win_v and_o lead_v of_o peat_n etc._n etc._n these_o be_v not_o due_a if_o they_o be_v not_o require_v yearly_o in_o due_a time_n whether_o they_o be_v due_a by_o vassal_n to_o the_o superior_a or_o tenant_n to_o their_o master_n january_n penult_n 1624._o carnowsie_a contra_fw-la keith_n so_o service_n of_o harrage_n and_o carriage_n in_o a_o feu-duty_n be_v find_v not_o due_a but_o when_o demand_v within_o the_o year_n june_n 27._o 1662._o mr._n david_n watson_n contra_fw-la mr._n james_n elleis_n 8._o but_o also_o the_o superiority_n carry_v the_o right_a to_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o reddendo_fw-la real_o against_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o fee_n for_o which_o he_o have_v action_n of_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n against_o the_o vassal_n and_o all_o singular_a successor_n to_o he_o whereby_o he_o may_v appryze_v the_o good_n upon_o the_o ground_n or_o the_o ground-right_a and_o property_n of_o the_o land_n the_o say_n duty_n be_v liquidat_n upon_o repayment_n whereof_o the_o land_n be_v redeemable_a as_o in_o other_o appryzing_n 9_o superiority_n carry_v the_o right_a of_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o vassal_n land_n and_o inhabitant_n thereof_o if_o the_o same_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o superior_a in_o his_o own_o infeftment_n either_o implicit_o as_o be_v a_o barony_n lordship_n or_o earldom_n or_o express_o have_v the_o power_n of_o court_n and_o their_o issue_n and_o though_o the_o superior_a grant_v the_o same_o to_o the_o vassal_n yet_o that_o be_v not_o exclusive_a of_o his_o own_o right_n but_o cumulative_a therewith_o how_o far_o superiority_n carry_v the_o right_a of_o thirlage_n of_o the_o vassal_n land_n to_o their_o superior_n milns_n when_o the_o vassal_n have_v not_o grant_v to_o they_o the_o privilege_n of_o milns_n and_o multar_n will_v appear_v among_o servitude_n of_o which_o hereafter_o 10._o superiority_n carry_v all_o the_o casualty_n thereof_o require_v declarator_n to_o heir_n and_o singular_a successor_n hoc_fw-la ipso_fw-la that_o they_o have_v the_o superiority_n establish_v in_o their_o person_n and_o do_v not_o fall_v to_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o superior_a as_o to_o bygone_n before_o his_o death_n unless_o gift_v or_o liquidat_n by_o sentence_n march_v 5._o 1611._o dowglas_n contra_fw-la captain_n crawford_n february_n 19_o 1635._o cunninghame_n contra_fw-la stuart_n july_n 11._o 1673._o robert_n fa_fw-it contra_fw-la lord_n balmerino_n and_o laird_n of_o pourie_n but_o feu-duty_n or_o any_o casuality_n may_v be_v separate_a from_o the_o superiority_n by_o sentence_n or_o assignation_n and_o therefore_o a_o disposition_n of_o the_o superiority_n be_v find_v to_o imply_v a_o assignation_n to_o the_o feu-duty_n by-gone_a which_o be_v to_o the_o vassal_n himself_o need_v no_o intimation_n and_o be_v valid_a against_o a_o singular_a successor_n infeft_v in_o the_o land_n in_o superiority_n december_n 14._o 1676._o earl_n of_o argile_n contra_fw-la lord_n mcdonald_n 11._o a_o superior_a of_o kirk-land_n pursue_v his_o vassal_n for_o his_o reddendo_fw-la be_v not_o exclude_v till_o he_o instruct_v that_o he_o consent_v to_o the_o surrender_n conform_v to_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1633._o annex_v the_o superiority_n of_o kirk-land_n to_o the_o crown_n reserve_v the_o feu-duty_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o erection_n who_o consent_v to_o the_o surrender_n which_o be_v presume_v in_o possessorio_fw-la june_n 27._o 1662._o mr._n david_n watson_n contra_fw-la mr._n james_n elleis_n 12._o superior_n be_v oblige_v to_o receive_v appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n for_o a_o year_n duty_n albeit_o the_o superior_a allege_v a_o better_a right_o than_o the_o appryzer_n but_o the_o infeftment_n to_o bear_v salvo_fw-la jure_fw-la cujuslibet_fw-la &_o svo_fw-la july_n 4._o 1667._o george_n shein_n contra_fw-la james_n chrystie_n yet_o a_o superior_a have_v receive_v a_o appryzer_n be_v not_o find_v exclude_v from_o any_o right_n to_o the_o property_n though_o he_o make_v no_o reservation_n thereof_o see_v his_o receive_n be_v necessary_a july_n 19_o 1664._o hospital_n of_o glasgow_n contra_fw-la robert_n campbel_n but_o a_o superior_a be_v charge_v to_o receive_v a_o adjudger_n be_v find_v to_o have_v his_o option_n either_o to_o receive_v he_o for_o a_o year_n rent_n or_o to_o pay_v the_o sum_n adjudge_v for_o get_v assignation_n to_o the_o adjudication_n be_v redeemable_a by_o the_o vassal_n from_o the_o superior_a and_o without_o any_o year_n entry_n to_o be_v pay_v at_o redemption_n see_v the_o vassal_n be_v not_o change_v as_o be_v provide_v par._n 1439._o cap._n 36._o june_n 10._o 1671._o sir_n francis_n scot_n of_o thirlestain_n contra_fw-la lord_n drumlanerk_n 13._o and_o a_o superior_a be_v also_o oblige_v to_o receive_v a_o donatar_n upon_o the_o king_n presentation_n gratis_o without_o present_a payment_n of_o the_o nonentry_n duty_n till_o declarator_n and_o if_o he_o refuse_v he_o lose_v his_o superiority_n during_o his_o life_n june_n 25._o 1680._o laird_n of_o blair_n contra_fw-la lord_n montgomerie_n 14._o a_o superior_a must_v also_o receive_v his_o sub-vassal_n who_o his_o immediate_a vassal_n refuse_v to_o enter_v without_o further_a instruct_v of_o the_o vassal_n right_o but_o by_o receipt_n of_o the_o feu-duty_n by_o he_o as_o superior_a wherein_o the_o mediate_v superior_a supplet_fw-la vicem_fw-la of_o the_o immediate_a salvo_fw-la jure_fw-la june_n 28._o 1672._o menzies_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o 〈◊〉_d yet_o a_o superior_a can_v exclude_v a_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n within_o the_o legal_a from_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d till_o he_o pay_v a_o year_n rend_v december_n 3._o 1672._o mr._n hendry_n hay_o contra_fw-la earlstoun_n 15._o and_o if_o a_o superior_a or_o any_o to_o his_o behoof_n take_v the_o gift_n of_o his_o own_o ward_n he_o be_v find_v to_o have_v no_o interest_n to_o extend_v it_o further_o against_o his_o vissal_n infeft_v with_o absolute_a warrandice_n then_o to_o a_o proportional_a part_n of_o the_o composition_n and_o expense_n february_n 15._o 1665._o boyd_n of_o penkil_n cintra_fw-la tenant_n of_o carslooth_n the_o like_a where_o the_o ward_n have_v fall_v after_o the_o vassal_n right_o for_o if_o it_o have_v fall_v before_o he_o can_v have_v nothing_o december_n 1._o 1676._o lord_n lindsay_n contra_fw-la bargallon_n 16._o superior_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o receive_v upon_o resignation_n or_o by_o confirmation_n and_o have_v accept_v resignation_n it_o do_v not_o exclude_v the_o marriage_n of_o the_o resigner_n heir_n there_o be_v no_o infeftment_n upon_o the_o resignation_n before_o the_o resigner_n death_n november_n 14._o 1677._o sir_n william_n purves_n contra_fw-la strachan_n of_o kinadie_n 17._o superiority_n fall_v to_o more_o person_n do_v not_o oblige_v the_o vassal_n to_o take_v infeftment_n of_o they_o all_o but_o if_o heir_n portioner_n of_o the_o elder_a july_n 30._o 1678._o lady_n lus_o contra_fw-la inglis_n and_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n if_o the_o superiority_n fall_v to_o many_o singular_a successor_n by_o apprize_a or_o otherway_n the_o vassal_n
most_o frequent_o blensh_o for_o a_o penny_n but_o if_o no_o hold_v be_v express_v it_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v ward_n and_o therefore_o the_o casualty_n of_o the_o superiority_n befall_v to_o the_o superior_a according_a to_o the_o kind_n of_o the_o hold_n as_o in_o property_n so_o that_o be_v ward_n or_o blensh_o it_o fall_v in_o nonentry_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o superior_a without_o declarator_n and_o so_o cease_v during_o that_o time_n even_o though_o the_o constituent_a as_o debtor_n be_v superior_a though_o he_o may_v be_v liable_a personal_o upon_o any_o personal_a obligement_n for_o pay_v thereof_o march_v 23._o 1631._o somervel_v contra_fw-la somervel_n annualrent_n may_v be_v either_o base_a or_o public_a by_o resignation_n or_o confirmation_n as_o to_o the_o requisit_n to_o accomplish_v it_o when_o base_a it_o be_v full_o show_v before_o title_n 13._o §_o base_a infeftment_n 5._o so_o likewise_o annualrent_a fall_v in_o liferent_a escheat_n belong_v to_o the_o superior_a during_o the_o annualrenters_n life_n and_o if_o it_o be_v redeem_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o money_n come_v in_o place_n thereof_o as_o follow_v a_o pari_fw-la from_o a_o wodsett_n redeem_v which_o be_v fall_v in_o liferent-escheat_n and_o therefore_o the_o money_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v employ_v upon_o annualrent_a for_o the_o superior_a during_o the_o life_n of_o the_o wodsetter_n june_n 29._o 1661._o tailzief_o contra_fw-la maxtoun_n and_o cunninghame_n 6._o the_o english_a distinguish_v rend_v in_o rent-service_n rent-charge_a and_o rent-seck_n rent-service_n be_v that_o which_o be_v due_a by_o the_o reddendo_fw-la of_o a_o infeftment_n of_o property_n as_o a_o feu_n or_o blensh_a duty_n this_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o infeftment_n of_o property_n but_o have_v the_o same_o effect_n by_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n as_o other_o annualrent_n rent-charge_n be_v that_o which_o not_o be_v by_o reddendo_fw-la yet_o be_v so_o constitute_v that_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la may_v brevi_fw-la manu_fw-la his_o term_n be_v pass_v poind_v the_o ground_n therefore_o we_o have_v no_o such_o annualrent_n for_o we_o admit_v of_o no_o distress_n without_o public_a authority_n but_o all_o execution_n must_v proceed_v by_o decreet_a and_o precept_n rent-seck_a be_v so_o call_v as_o reditus_fw-la siccus_fw-la because_o it_o be_v dry_a have_v no_o effect_n without_o sentence_n such_o be_v our_o annualrent_n 7._o there_o be_v a_o distinction_n of_o annualrent_n mention_v par._n 1551._o c._n 10._o in_o feu_fw-fr annual_n ground-annuals_a and_o top-annuals_a which_o craig_n think_v to_o quadrat_fw-la with_o the_o english_a distinction_n of_o rent_n but_o the_o consideration_n of_o that_o act_n and_o ordinance_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o article_n there_o express_v will_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o case_n be_v there_o of_o tenant_n within_o burgh_n the_o feu_fw-fr annual_a be_v that_o which_o be_v due_a by_o the_o reddendo_fw-la of_o the_o property_n either_o of_o the_o ground_n before_o the_o house_n be_v build_v or_o the_o ground_n and_o house_n together_o ground-annuals_a be_v a_o distinct_a several_a annualrent_n constitute_v upon_o the_o ground_n before_o the_o house_n be_v build_v and_o the_o top-annualrent_a be_v out_o of_o the_o house_n which_o be_v the_o more_o clear_a that_o when_o such_o tenement_n be_v destroy_v the_o least_o abatement_n be_v of_o the_o feu-annual_a or_o feu-duty_n and_o therefore_o the_o proprietar_n repair_v the_o tenement_n be_v to_o pay_v the_o feu-annuals_a with_o abatement_n of_o a_o six_o part_n and_o the_o ground-annual_a as_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o the_o top-annual_a suffer_v a_o abatement_n of_o a_o five_o part_n and_o the_o top-annual_a of_o a_o four_o part_n 8._o the_o chief_a effect_n of_o annualrent_n either_o by_o reddendo_fw-la in_o property_n or_o several_a infeftment_n be_v by_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n upon_o which_o the_o annualrent_n be_v constitute_v and_o that_o by_o a_o ordinary_a action_n whereby_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la pursue_v upon_o letter_n to_o poind_v and_o appryze_v all_o good_n upon_o the_o ground_n for_o payment_n of_o his_o annualrent_n and_o also_o for_o poind_v and_o apprize_a the_o ground-right_a and_o property_n itself_o as_o to_o the_o first_o member_n the_o english_a custom_n extend_v it_o to_o all_o good_n that_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v upon_o the_o ground_n at_o the_o term_n if_o they_o have_v but_o lie_v down_o thereupon_o and_o our_o ancient_a custom_n extend_v it_o to_o all_o good_n of_o the_o possessor_n &_o invecta_fw-la &_o illata_fw-la by_o they_o without_o retrinch_v it_o to_o what_o the_o tennent_n be_v due_a to_o the_o proprietar_n constituent_a of_o the_o annualrent_a and_o the_o poind_n in_o this_o case_n be_v extend_v to_o purge_v a_o spuilzie_n november_n 21._o 1628._o watson_n contra_fw-la reid_n june_n 26._o 1628._o laird_n of_o ednem_fw-la contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o ednem_fw-la where_o the_o pursuit_n be_v rather_o declaratory_a to_o establish_v the_o pursuer_n right_o then_o for_o present_a possession_n or_o execution_n but_o thereafter_o the_o lord_n have_v be_v accustom_v to_o interpose_v with_o charger_n upon_o decreet_n of_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n to_o restrict_n the_o same_o in_o favour_n of_o tenant_n to_o their_o term_n mail_n from_o the_o statute_n 1469._o cap._n 36._o bearing_n that_o the_o cattle_n of_o poor_a man_n inhabitant_n of_o the_o ground_n shall_v not_o be_v poind_v for_o the_o landlord_n debt_n where_o the_o mail_n extend_v not_o to_o the_o avail_n thereof_o and_o though_o the_o act_n seem_v correctory_n of_o a_o evil_a custom_n to_o poind_v the_o tenants_n good_n for_o the_o master_n debt_n yet_o the_o same_o reason_n equity_n and_o favour_n of_o their_o rusticity_n crave_v the_o extension_n of_o it_o to_o these_o debita_fw-la fundi_fw-la and_o therefore_o it_o be_v so_o restrict_v the_o tenant_n produce_v their_o tack_n or_o offer_v to_o depone_v upon_o their_o rent_n summary_o without_o take_v a_o term_n but_o it_o be_v not_o find_v requisite_a that_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la shall_v either_o lybel_n or_o prove_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o rent_n february_n 14._o 1674._o lady_n pitfoddel_n contra_fw-la the_o laird_n of_o pitfoddel_n and_o tenant_n in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v find_v that_o if_o the_o tenant_n the_o time_n of_o the_o poind_n have_v compear_v and_o produce_v their_o tack_n or_o have_v offer_v to_o make_v faith_n what_o the_o rent_n be_v if_o more_o have_v be_v poind_v for_o then_o equivalent_a to_o their_o rent_n it_o will_v have_v be_v a_o spuilzie_n but_o they_o shall_v not_o only_o depone_v what_o their_o rent_n be_v but_o what_o be_v rest_v of_o it_o for_o the_o poind_n of_o the_o ground_n or_o the_o brieve_n of_o distress_n be_v only_o restrict_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o remeid_v of_o that_o inconvenience_n that_o be_v sometime_o in_o use_n that_o where_o sum_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o brieve_n or_o distress_n against_o the_o lord_n owner_n of_o the_o ground_n the_o good_n and_o cattle_n of_o poor_a man_n inhabitant_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v take_v and_o distrenzy_v for_o the_o lord_n debt_n where_o the_o mail_n extend_v not_o to_o the_o avail_n of_o the_o debt_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o tennent_n shall_v not_o be_v distrenzy_v for_o the_o lord_n debt_n where_o the_o mail_n exetnd_v not_o to_o the_o avail_n of_o the_o debt_n further_a than_o his_o term_n mail_n extend_v to_o and_o therefore_o in_o so_o far_o as_o the_o tenant_n mail_n be_v rest_v the_o poind_a may_v proceed_v and_o likewise_o for_o the_o current_a term_n though_o not_o yet_o come_v that_o be_v if_o the_o rent_n be_v victual_v payable_a all_o at_o one_o term_n the_o poind_a may_v proceed_v for_o the_o value_n of_o the_o victual_n according_a to_o the_o rate_n of_o the_o victual_n communibus_fw-la annis_fw-la in_o the_o several_a place_n of_o the_o country_n as_o man_n use_v to_o buy_v or_o wodset_n or_o by_o the_o feir_n of_o that_o place_n neither_o cantack_n absolute_o secure_v the_o tenant_n if_o they_o be_v posterior_n to_o the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_a in_o which_o case_n if_o they_o be_v within_o the_o true_a value_n of_o the_o land_n the_o 〈◊〉_d or_o other_o poind_v pro_fw-la debitis_fw-la fundi_fw-la can_v be_v prejudge_v by_o collusive_a tack_n or_o such_o as_o be_v grant_v with_o considerable_a diminution_n of_o the_o true_a worth_n so_o that_o the_o poind_a may_v proceed_v for_o one_o year_n or_o term_n mail_n as_o the_o land_n be_v worth_a the_o time_n of_o the_o poind_n but_o in_o this_o case_n the_o poind_a can_v proceed_v summary_o till_o it_o be_v cognosce_v by_o declarator_n or_o reduction_n of_o the_o tack_n which_o may_v frequent_o occur_v tenant_n be_v oft_o accustom_v to_o suspend_v in_o decreet_n for_o poind_v the_o ground_n poind_v of_o the_o ground_n be_v find_v to_o take_v no_o effect_n against_o corn_n stand_v upon_o the_o ground_n have_v be_v
receive_v he_o 12._o terce_n be_v the_o three_o of_o the_o tenement_n in_o which_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n provide_v to_o his_o wife_n survive_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n though_o there_o be_v no_o provision_n or_o paction_n for_o that_o purpose_n the_o original_n hereof_o as_o have_v be_v show_v before_o among_o the_o interest_n of_o marriage_n be_v from_o that_o obligation_n upon_o the_o husband_n to_o provide_v for_o his_o wife_n which_o therefore_o positive_a law_n have_v determine_v to_o a_o three_o of_o his_o movable_n if_o there_o be_v child_n in_o the_o family_n and_o if_o there_o be_v none_o to_o a_o half_a but_o in_o either_o case_n she_o have_v a_o three_o of_o his_o tenement_n and_o though_o as_o craig_n observe_v by_o our_o ancient_a custom_n terce_n extend_v only_o to_o a_o three_o of_o the_o tenement_n a_o husband_n have_v the_o time_n of_o the_o marriage_n yet_o since_o it_o extend_v to_o a_o three_o of_o those_o he_o stand_v infeft_v in_o as_o of_o fee_n the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n and_o so_o when_o he_o be_v denude_v before_o his_o death_n the_o terce_n be_v exclude_v yea_o a_o base_a infeftment_n without_o possession_n grant_v by_o a_o husband_n to_o his_o creditor_n be_v find_v to_o exclude_v his_o wife_n from_o a_o terce_n of_o that_o land_n january_n 27._o 1669._o bell_n of_o belford_n contra_fw-la lady_n rutherford_n this_o provision_n of_o law_n be_v more_o equitable_a and_o proportionable_a then_o ordinary_o be_v their_o provision_n by_o contract_n of_o the_o husband_n who_o be_v carry_v with_o affection_n do_v ofttimes_o provide_v his_o wife_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o their_o child_n and_o ruin_n of_o their_o estate_n which_o this_o terce_n keep_v always_o proportionable_a and_o make_v the_o wife_n sharer_n of_o the_o industry_n and_o fortune_n of_o the_o man_n and_o therefore_o more_o careful_a over_o it_o and_o upon_o the_o contrary_a give_v out_o but_o small_a provision_n to_o their_o wife_n at_o their_o marriage_n when_o ofttimes_o they_o do_v but_o begin_v to_o have_v estate_n which_o they_o increase_v not_o according_a to_o the_o increase_n of_o their_o fortune_n but_o the_o law_n do_v more_o fit_o order_v the_o wife_n provision_n to_o be_v increase_v or_o decrease_v according_a to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o man_n 13._o the_o terce_n take_v place_n ordinary_o where_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n and_o it_o have_v no_o effect_n till_o the_o widow_n take_v brieve_v out_o of_o the_o chancelery_n direct_v to_o sheriff_n or_o baily_n to_o call_v a_o inquest_n of_o fifteen_o swear_a man_n and_o thereby_o to_o serve_v the_o brieve_n which_o have_v two_o head_n the_o one_o that_o the_o bearer_n be_v lawful_a wife_n to_o the_o defunct_a the_o other_o that_o he_o die_v in_o fee_n of_o such_o tenemnt_n this_o be_v a_o pleadable_a brieve_n and_o have_v no_o retour_fw-fr but_o service_n alone_o be_v sufficient_a enough_o to_o give_v the_o wife_n interest_n that_o other_o liferenter_n have_v it_o be_v special_o statute_n that_o where_o the_o marriage_n be_v not_o question_v in_o the_o husband_n life_n and_o the_o widow_n be_v hold_v and_o repute_v his_o lawful_a wife_n in_o his_o time_n no_o exception_n in_o the_o contrary_n shall_v be_v sustain_v in_o the_o service_n of_o the_o brieve_n but_o she_o shall_v be_v serve_v and_o enjoy_v the_o terce_n till_o it_o be_v declare_v in_o a_o petitory_a judgement_n that_o she_o be_v not_o lawful_a wife_n par._n 1503._o cap._n 77._o 14._o the_o brieve_v be_v thus_o serve_v the_o sheriff_n or_o bailiff_n must_v also_o if_o it_o be_v demand_v ken_v the_o relict_n to_o her_o terce_n which_o be_v ordinary_o do_v by_o the_o sun_n or_o the_o shade_n that_o be_v whether_o the_o division_n shall_v begin_v at_o the_o east_n or_o the_o west_n and_o so_o the_o division_n of_o the_o tenement_n proceed_v by_o aikers_n two_o befalling_a to_o the_o heir_n and_o one_o to_o the_o relict_n wherein_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v march_n set_v and_o instrument_n take_v thereupon_o which_o be_v as_o a_o seasine_a but_o this_o division_n be_v most_o inconvenient_a except_o the_o whole_a interest_n be_v use_v to_o be_v set_v in_o aikerdale_n it_o be_v not_o exclusive_a of_o other_o division_n by_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o land_n or_o the_o rent_n so_o many_o room_n be_v design_v for_o the_o tercer_n the_o rest_n remain_v for_o the_o fire_n this_o way_n of_o ken_n will_v be_v valid_a and_o much_o better_a but_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o divide_v at_o serve_v the_o brieve_n to_o constitute_v the_o terce_n for_o the_o service_n give_v sufficient_a title_n to_o the_o three_o of_o the_o mail_n and_o duty_n of_o every_o room_n march_v 5._o 1632._o relic_n of_o veatch_n of_o dawick_n contra_fw-la 15._o but_o that_o thereby_o she_o can_v remove_v possessor_n be_v because_o she_o brook_v the_o terce_n pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la with_o the_o heir_n till_o it_o be_v be_v kenned_a or_o otherways_o divide_v and_o the_o terce_n be_v serve_v give_v right_o not_o only_o to_o the_o year_n thereafter_o but_o precede_v since_o the_o husband_n death_n november_n 20._o 1624._o tenant_n contra_fw-la crawford_n and_o fleming_n and_o so_o the_o tercer_n may_v pursue_v the_o heretor_fw-la or_o other_o intromettor_n for_o all_o by-gones_a of_o the_o three_o of_o the_o duty_n not_o as_o they_o be_v at_o the_o husband_n death_n but_o as_o they_o be_v better_v by_o the_o fire_n feb._n 13._o 1628._o countess_z of_o dumfermling_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o dumfermling_n and_o that_o without_o deduction_n of_o factor-fee_n march_v 27._o 1634._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la the_o tercer_n be_v serve_v have_v interest_n to_o pursue_v for_o commission_n to_o cognosce_fw-la pasturage_n land_n what_o soum_n they_o may_v hold_v that_o she_o may_v have_v the_o three_o soum_n or_o else_o to_o divide_v january_n 18._o 1628._o contra_fw-la mackenzie_n the_o division_n of_o the_o terce_n from_o the_o two_o three_o may_v be_v in_o the_o most_o convenient_a way_n wherein_o all_o dwelling-house_n or_o kiln_n and_o barn_n and_o other_o house_n for_o service_n will_v come_v in_o as_o they_o may_v be_v most_o convenient_o divide_v this_o be_v the_o most_o ordinary_a way_n of_o terce_n by_o service_n as_o say_v be_v when_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v in_o fee_n 16._o terce_n take_v place_n not_o only_o in_o land_n but_o also_o in_o annualrent_n wherein_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n novemb_n 30._o 1627._o tenant_n of_o easthouses_n contra_fw-la hepburn_n but_o not_o to_o the_o terce_n of_o annualrent_n of_o band_n whereupon_o no_o infeftment_n follow_v june_n 24._o 1663._o elizabeth_n scrimzeour_n contra_fw-la murrays_n it_o be_v also_o extend_v to_o infeftment_n of_o teind_n feb._n 13._o 1628._o countess_z of_o dumfermling_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o dumfermling_n but_o it_o be_v not_o extend_v to_o tenement_n or_o land_n within_o burgh_n or_o hold_v burgage_n neither_o to_o superiority_n or_o feu-duty_n or_o other_o casualty_n thereof_o nor_o to_o tack_n ibidem_fw-la neither_o to_o patronage_n or_o advocation_n of_o kirk_n neither_o do_v terce_n extend_v to_o reversion_n if_o the_o fire_n who_o land_n be_v liable_a to_o a_o terce_n die_v and_o his_o wife_n have_v right_a to_o another_o terce_n which_o be_v call_v the_o lesser_a terce_n though_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n of_o the_o whole_a tenement_n she_o have_v not_o a_o three_o of_o the_o whole_a but_o a_o three_o of_o these_o two_o three_o which_o be_v unaffected_a with_o the_o great_a terce_n till_o the_o former_a tercers_n death_n craig_n lib._n 2._o diege_n 22._o propose_v two_o case_n in_o which_o the_o relict_n will_v have_v a_o terce_n though_o the_o husband_n die_v not_o infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n the_o first_o be_v if_o the_o husband_n infeft_v his_o appearand_a heir_n in_o his_o estate_n if_o there_o be_v no_o liferent_a provide_v to_o his_o wife_n by_o a_o contract_n in_o that_o case_n the_o relict_n will_v have_v a_o terce_n which_o be_v most_o just_a albeit_o it_o will_v not_o proceed_v summary_o by_o a_o brieve_n which_o bear_v only_o warrant_v for_o a_o terce_n of_o the_o tenement_n in_o which_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n but_o it_o may_v proceed_v by_o reduction_n or_o declarator_n and_o will_v not_o only_o have_v effect_n against_o the_o appearand_a heir_n but_o against_o any_o gratuitous_a disposition_n reserve_v the_o husband_n own_o liferent_a for_o such_o deed_n will_v be_v find_v fraudulent_a and_o contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o obligation_n of_o husband_n to_o provide_v their_o wife_n unless_o there_o remain_v tenement_n out_o of_o which_o a_o reasonable_a terce_n may_v remain_v to_o the_o relict_n according_a to_o her_o quality_n the_o other_o case_n be_v when_o a_o father_n by_o his_o son_n contract_v of_o marriage_n be_v oblige_v to_o infeft_a his_o son_n
9_o servitude_n of_o prospect_n or_o light_n 10._o way_n 11._o water_v 12._o watergang_n 13._o feval_v 14._o pasturage_n 15._o thirleage_v 16._o several_a way_n of_o constitute_a thirlage_n 17._o several_a case_n in_o which_o thirlage_n be_v not_o constitute_v 18._o the_o effect_n and_o extent_n of_o thirlage_n 19_o the_o import_n of_o several_a clause_n of_o thirlage_n 20._o invecta_fw-la &_o illata_fw-la or_o thol_a fire_n and_o water_n 21._o sequels_fw-fr 22._o miln_n service_n 23._o privilege_n of_o milns_n 24._o how_o thirlage_n become_v extinct_a 25._o in_o multure_n seed_n or_o horse_n corn_n be_v to_o be_v deduce_v but_o no_o other_o expense_n of_o labour_v 26._o thirlage_n constitute_v by_o a_o vassal_n not_o effectual_a against_o the_o superior_a 27._o deduction_n for_o insufficiency_n of_o the_o miln_n break_v down_o of_o the_o damn_v or_o frost_n servitude_n be_v distinguish_v in_o real_a and_o personal_a though_o neither_o of_o they_o be_v personal_a right_n yet_o these_o servitude_n whereby_o one_o tenement_n be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o another_o tenement_n and_o to_o person_n only_o as_o have_v right_o to_o and_o for_o the_o use_n of_o that_o tenement_n be_v call_v real_a servitude_n as_o not_o be_v subservient_fw-fr direct_o to_o person_n but_o to_o thing_n and_o the_o other_o be_v call_v personal_n because_o thereby_o the_o tenement_n be_v subservient_fw-fr direct_o to_o person_n and_o not_o with_o respect_n to_o any_o other_o thing_n as_o liferent_n etc._n etc._n before_o we_o come_v to_o the_o particular_a kind_n of_o these_o real_a servitude_n it_o will_v be_v fit_a to_o inquire_v how_o such_o servitude_n be_v constitute_v and_o next_o how_o they_o be_v destitute_a and_o ceass_n 1._o as_o to_o the_o first_o these_o servitude_n require_v no_o infeftment_n though_o they_o may_v be_v constitute_v by_o infeftment_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o infeftment_n to_o their_o constitution_n second_o real_a servitude_n can_v by_o constitute_v by_o any_o personal_a right_n as_o by_o contract_n paction_n testament_n or_o legacy_n neither_o by_o disposition_n or_o assignation_n alone_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o they_o be_v real_a right_n and_o can_v by_o constitute_v by_o any_o personal_a right_n which_o though_o they_o be_v ofttimes_o the_o remote_a cause_n of_o real_a right_n yet_o there_o be_v more_o requisite_a to_o their_o constitution_n and_o therefore_o though_o such_o personal_a right_n may_v be_v sufficient_a against_o the_o granter_n thereof_o by_o a_o personal_a objection_n whereby_o they_o can_v come_v against_o their_o own_o deed_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o sufficient_a against_o singular_a successor_n neither_o do_v they_o affect_v the_o ground_n three_o all_o real_a servitude_n be_v constitute_v by_o possession_n or_o use_n for_o thing_n corporeal_a be_v say_v only_o to_o be_v possess_v therefore_o incorporeal_a right_n as_o servitude_n have_v rather_o use_v then_o possession_n to_o consummate_v they_o which_o though_o it_o be_v the_o last_o requisite_a to_o accomplish_v servitude_n yet_o be_v not_o sufficient_a alone_o but_o must_v have_v another_o title_n either_o by_o the_o express_a consent_n of_o the_o proprietar_n or_o by_o prescription_n there_o be_v no_o difference_n in_o what_o way_n the_o consent_n be_v adhibite_fw-la so_o it_o be_v in_o write_v and_o the_o obligement_n to_o grant_v any_o servitude_n with_o possession_n be_v equivalent_a to_o the_o formal_a disposition_n or_o grant_v thereof_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o most_o of_o these_o right_n which_o do_v essential_o require_v nothing_o else_o but_o consent_v alone_o or_o consent_v with_o possession_n and_o not_o any_o other_o solemnity_n as_o obliegement_n to_o grant_v assignation_n discharge_v renunciation_n be_v equivalent_a to_o these_o right_n themselves_o when_o formal_o make_v 2._o the_o civilian_n debate_v much_o whether_o servitude_n can_v be_v introduce_v by_o prescription_n and_o whether_o in_o that_o case_n there_o be_v requisite_a a_o title_n and_o the_o proprietar_n knowledge_n wherein_o we_o need_v not_o insist_v see_v our_o prescription_n be_v only_o by_o statute_n upon_o the_o course_n of_o forty_o year_n in_o most_o case_n presume_v both_o a_o title_n and_o knowledge_n but_o they_o be_v upon_o ten_o year_n against_o those_o who_o be_v present_a may_v require_v more_o yet_o many_o even_o of_o the_o learnede_a of_o they_o account_v prescription_n sufficient_a without_o title_n or_o any_o other_o then_o presume_a knowledge_n with_o we_o the_o servitude_n of_o a_o way_n to_o the_o kirk_n be_v not_o find_v constitute_v by_o possession_n thirty_o year_n but_o by_o immemorial_n possession_n go_v and_o come_v that_o way_n uninterrupted_a without_o any_o write_n for_o here_o the_o way_n be_v claim_v at_o the_o near_a to_o the_o kirk_n whether_o the_o desender_n land_n be_v under_o crop_v or_o not_o for_o though_o a_o way_n to_o the_o kirk_n be_v due_a to_o all_o party_n in_o the_o paroch_n without_o consent_n or_o prescription_n yet_o it_o must_v be_v with_o the_o least_o detriment_n to_o the_o interjacent_a land_n and_o so_o can_v always_o be_v the_o near_a way_n but_o must_v go_v about_o corn_n and_o though_o thirty_o or_o forty_o year_n alternative_a be_v not_o sustain_v to_o constitute_v a_o way_n through_o land_n even_o under_o 〈◊〉_d yet_o forty_o year_n be_v equivalent_a and_o always_o 〈◊〉_d to_o immemorial_n possession_n in_o the_o same_o case_n 〈◊〉_d gtoun_n observe_v that_o a_o convement_n way_n to_o the_o kirk_n without_o go_v through_o corn_n be_v sustain_v without_o prescription_n and_o the_o like_a will_v be_v sustain_v for_o passage_n to_o mercat_n town_n or_o 〈◊〉_d port_n a_o servitude_n of_o lay_v over_o a_o miln_n damn_v upon_o another_o heretors_n land_n be_v find_v constitute_v by_o possession_n forty_o year_n whereby_o the_o heretor_fw-la of_o the_o miln_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_o that_o when_o the_o water_n do_v wash_v away_o the_o ground_n from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o damn_v to_o lengthen_v the_o same_o upon_o the_o seruient_fw-fr tenement_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v make_v effectual_a with_o the_o least_o detriment_n and_o that_o he_o be_v not_o liable_a for_o any_o damage_n by_o wash_v away_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o seruient_fw-fr tenement_n by_o occasion_n of_o his_o damn_v july_n 20._o 1677._o laird_n of_o gairletoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o smeatoun_n june_n 27._o 1623._o gilbert_n neilson_n contra_fw-la sheriff_n of_o galloway_n it_o must_v be_v advert_v that_o when_o such_o servitude_n be_v say_v to_o be_v constitute_v by_o sole_a prescription_n without_o write_n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v without_o write_n from_o the_o proprietar_n of_o the_o seruient_fw-fr tenement_n for_o ordinary_o there_o be_v this_o much_o title_n in_o write_n for_o these_o servitude_n that_o the_o party_n have_v right_o thereto_o be_v infeft_v in_o the_o tenement_n with_o the_o pertinent_o under_o which_o servitude_n be_v comprehend_v or_o with_o common_a 〈◊〉_d trage_n by_o which_o he_o have_v not_o only_o such_o pasturage_n as_o he_o have_v be_v long_o in_o possession_n of_o upon_o the_o land_n of_o his_o superior_a or_o author_n but_o forty_o year_n possession_n therewith_o be_v sufficient_a against_o any_o other_o who_o can_v be_v say_v in_o no_o case_n to_o have_v do_v any_o deed_n for_o the_o constitute_n of_o the_o servitude_n and_o it_o be_v so_o find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o town_n of_o pearth_n concern_v the_o isle_n of_o sleiple_n but_o this_o long_a possession_n be_v not_o estimat_fw-la by_o deed_n do_v by_o the_o proprietar_n of_o the_o seruient_fw-fr tenement_n as_o he_o who_o bring_v his_o grain_n to_o another_o man_n 〈◊〉_d for_o 〈◊〉_d so_o many_o year_n these_o deed_n of_o his_o do_v not_o constitute_v a_o thirleage_n upon_o his_o land_n unless_o he_o suffer_v the_o proprietar_n or_o tennent_n of_o the_o miln_n to_o cause_v he_o or_o his_o tenant_n either_o to_o bring_v their_o grain_n by_o process_n or_o otherways_o and_o he_o who_o open_v a_o window_n in_o his_o dyke_n or_o wall_n whereby_o his_o neighbour_n have_v a_o prospect_n do_v not_o thereby_o put_v himself_o under_o a_o servitude_n but_o if_o he_o suffer_v his_o neighbour_n to_o break_v a_o window_n in_o his_o wall_n and_o enjoy_v it_o till_o prescription_n be_v run_v his_o suffering_n introduce_v that_o servitude_n 3._o as_o to_o these_o who_o can_v impose_v servitude_n when_o they_o be_v constitute_v by_o express_a consent_n they_o can_v by_o constitute_v without_o consent_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d and_o if_o the_o superior_a consent_n not_o they_o will_v not_o be_v effectual_a against_o he_o if_o the_o 〈◊〉_d be_v open_a and_o return_v to_o he_o by_o right_a of_o superiority_n for_o a_o time_n or_o for_o 〈◊〉_d liferenter_n can_v constitute_v a_o servitude_n to_o have_v a_o real_a right_n against_o singular_a successor_n or_o beyond_o the_o endurance_n of_o that_o liferent_a or_o wodset_a much_o less_o can_v tenant_n yet_o both_o can_v begin_v or_o continue_v to_o make_v up_o
till_o when_o he_o please_v or_o open_v the_o ground_n for_o other_o effect_n of_o property_n as_o to_o win_v coal_n or_o stone_n unless_o by_o consent_n or_o custom_n it_o be_v otherways_o regular_a but_o so_o far_o as_o remain_v grass_n belong_v whole_o to_o the_o other_o but_o most_o ordinary_o pasturage_n be_v in_o common_a either_o to_o the_o proprietar_n and_o he_o that_o have_v the_o servitude_n or_o to_o many_o have_v acquire_v the_o servitnde_n promiscuous_o though_o with_o exclusion_n of_o the_o proprietar_n from_o grassing_n and_o that_o again_o be_v either_o for_o a_o indefinite_a number_n of_o sum_n or_o definit_o for_o a_o certain_a number_n express_v common_a pasturage_n be_v ordinary_o constitute_v by_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o dominant_a ground_n express_v the_o clause_n with_o common_a pasturage_n which_o when_o general_a have_v no_o other_o effect_n then_o the_o common_a clause_n of_o charter_n to_o give_v the_o right_n of_o any_o pasturage_n belong_v to_o the_o fee_n if_o any_o be_v but_o if_o it_o be_v clad_v with_o immemorial_n or_o forty_o year_n possession_n by_o the_o act_n of_o prescription_n it_o carry_v unquestionable_o the_o right_n of_o pasturage_n upon_o any_o ground_n belong_v to_o the_o superior_a and_o upon_o which_o he_o may_v the_o time_n of_o the_o charter_n have_v constitute_v a_o pasturage_n yet_o it_o be_v more_o dubious_a whether_o long_a possession_n can_v introduce_v pasturage_n upon_o ground_n not_o belong_v to_o the_o superior_a grant_a of_o the_o charter_n and_o it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o it_o have_v be_v so_o constitute_v yea_o though_o the_o clause_n of_o common_a pasturage_n be_v not_o in_o the_o charter_n but_o only_o the_o land_n dispone_v with_o part_n and_o pertinent_o with_o long_a possession_n spot_n servitude_n knockdolian_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o partick_n the_o like_a be_v former_o find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o town_n of_o pearth_n anent_o the_o isle_n of_o sleiple_n pasturage_n may_v also_o be_v constitute_v by_o a_o contract_n clad_v with_o possession_n without_o any_o seasine_a which_o be_v effectual_a even_o against_o singular_a successor_n jan._n 26._o 1622._o turnbul_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o blanernie_n pasturage_n be_v constitute_v in_o reference_n to_o the_o dominant_a ground_n though_o it_o be_v indefinite_a and_o promiscuous_a must_v be_v regulate_v and_o proportionat_v according_a to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o several_a dominant_a ground_n have_v right_a thereto_o proportional_a to_o the_o rent_n thereof_o or_o the_o good_n it_o may_v hold_v and_o fodder_n in_o winter_n thus_o a_o comontie_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v visit_v and_o soumed_a and_o proportionat_a to_o every_o room_n have_v privilege_n therein_o nicol._n de_fw-fr communi_fw-la the_o laird_n of_o sessnock_n contra_fw-la nimnto_fw-la absent_a and_o though_o the_o pasturage_n have_v be_v never_o so_o long_o promiscuous_o use_v without_o any_o determinat_fw-la soum_n but_o that_o all_o have_v put_v to_o it_o what_o they_o please_v that_o can_v by_o constitute_v by_o prescription_n as_o a_o right_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o very_a nature_n and_o substance_n of_o the_o servitude_n whereby_o the_o pasturage_n will_v be_v destroy_v and_o unprofitable_a to_o all_o if_o not_o regulable_a and_o restrainable_a to_o what_o it_o may_v hold_v and_o that_o by_o proportion_n for_o though_o some_o have_v be_v in_o use_n to_o put_v more_o good_n and_o some_o few_o yet_o unless_o the_o quantity_n have_v be_v determinat_fw-la and_o fix_v other_o can_v not_o be_v exclude_v from_o their_o proportion_n but_o such_o as_o by_o forty_o year_n forbearance_n be_v whole_o exclude_v it_o be_v accustom_v in_o some_o place_n to_o regulate_v common_a pasturage_n by_o soum_v and_o roum_v which_o be_v the_o determine_n of_o the_o several_a soum_n it_o may_v hold_v by_o particular_a proportion_n to_o every_o room_n of_o the_o dominant_a tenement_n but_o none_o of_o the_o party_n interress_v can_v compel_v the_o rest_n to_o divide_v see_v it_o will_v be_v frequent_o to_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o several_n of_o the_o party_n interress_v as_o when_o common_a pasturage_n be_v in_o a_o common_a muire_n enclose_v with_o a_o dyke_n and_o so_o need_v none_o at_o least_o but_o one_o herd_n for_o they_o all_o which_o if_o it_o be_v divide_v of_o time_n the_o several_a proportion_n of_o most_o interress_v can_v not_o be_v worth_a a_o several_a hird_n especial_o when_o the_o property_n remain_v in_o another_o though_o burden_v with_o this_o servitude_n even_o though_o the_o proprietar_n retain_v a_o share_n in_o the_o common_a pasturage_n yet_o he_o alone_o be_v proprietar_n and_o if_o any_o stone_n or_o coal_n be_v find_v there_o it_o will_v belong_v to_o he_o alone_o but_o it_o be_v otherways_o in_o the_o community_n of_o the_o full_a property_n where_o after_o division_n any_o party_n may_v till_o and_o use_v all_o act_n of_o property_n a_o servitude_n of_o pasturage_n of_o a_o definite_a number_n of_o sheep_n upon_o large_a muir_n be_v find_v not_o to_o give_v interest_n to_o cause_v the_o heretor_fw-la or_o tenants_n soum_n the_o same_o that_o the_o ground_n may_v not_o be_v overflock_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o servitude_n january_n 23._o 1679._o mr._n alexander_n dunlop_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o drumelzier_n where_o pasturage_n be_v constitute_v upon_o ground_n a_o part_n of_o which_o have_v be_v plough_v before_o the_o constitution_n it_o do_v not_o hinder_v the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n to_o blow_n other_o place_n than_o what_o be_v former_o plough_v but_o he_o may_v plough_v as_o much_o as_o he_o please_v yet_o so_o that_o whenever_o the_o plough_v ground_n lie_v lee_n the_o pasturage_n will_v reach_v the_o same_o jan._n 20._o 1680._o earl_n of_o southesk_n contra_fw-la melgam_fw-la and_o other_o heretor_n about_o munrew-mount_a 15._o the_o chief_a and_o most_o frequent_a servitude_n in_o scotland_n be_v thirlage_n or_o a_o restriction_n of_o land_n to_o milns_n wherein_o the_o miln_n be_v dominant_a and_o the_o land_n astrict_v be_v seruient_fw-fr for_o as_o have_v be_v show_v before_o a_o miln_n be_v a_o distinct_a tenement_n from_o land_n and_o be_v not_o comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o part_n and_o pertinent_a thereof_o unless_o there_o be_v a_o erection_n in_o barony_n lordship_n etc._n etc._n milns_n at_o first_o be_v build_v as_o sometime_o they_o be_v yet_o without_o any_o astriction_n or_o thirlage_n but_o only_o to_o gain_v by_o the_o work_n thereof_o a_o equivalent_a hire_n and_o so_o it_o be_v a_o voluntary_a personal_a contract_n of_o location_n and_o conduction_n none_o be_v oblige_v to_o grind_v their_o grain_n thereat_o but_o such_o only_o come_v as_o please_v and_o for_o such_o hire_n as_o party_n do_v accord_v yet_o these_o who_o come_v to_o a_o miln_n without_o astriction_n and_o without_o express_a paction_n be_v understand_v thereby_o to_o agree_v to_o the_o ordinary_a multure_n of_o corn_n not_o astrict_v which_o be_v call_v outen-town-multures_a but_o now_o most_o land_n be_v astrict_v to_o certain_a milns_n and_o for_o a_o certain_a quantity_n of_o multure_n far_o beyond_o the_o value_n of_o the_o work_n or_o grind_n of_o the_o corn_n but_o upon_o other_o consideration_n whereby_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n astrict_v as_o when_o a_o heretor_fw-la astrict_v his_o own_o tenant_n to_o his_o own_o or_o another_o miln_n it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o their_o rent_n for_o the_o more_o multure_n they_o pay_v they_o pay_v the_o less_o rent_n and_o so_o it_o be_v alike_o to_o they_o whether_o it_o be_v great_a or_o small_a or_o otherways_o when_o a_o superior_a give_v out_o land_n upon_o condition_n of_o thirlage_n the_o multure_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o reddendo_fw-la or_o price_n and_o it_o be_v a_o general_a rule_n that_o none_o can_v thirl_z land_n but_o he_o that_o be_v fire_n and_o have_v power_n of_o disposal_n thereof_o and_o therefore_o astriction_n though_o it_o be_v not_o favourable_a but_o have_v the_o ordinary_a odium_fw-la that_o other_o servitude_n have_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v account_v a_o unjust_a and_o intolerable_a bondage_n 16._o there_o be_v many_o question_n about_o thirlage_n which_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o two_o head_n first_o how_o thirlage_n be_v constitute_v and_o instruct_v second_o how_o far_o it_o be_v to_o be_v extend_v as_o for_o the_o first_o we_o shall_v proceed_v from_o the_o way_n more_o evident_a to_o these_o which_o be_v more_o dubious_a and_o first_o positive_o and_o then_o negative_o the_o first_o and_o most_o unquestionable_a way_n of_o constitution_n of_o thirlage_n be_v when_o a_o heretor_fw-la thirl_v his_o own_o land_n to_o his_o own_o miln_n by_o consent_n of_o his_o tenant_n whereby_o the_o multure_n become_v a_o part_n of_o the_o rent_n second_o when_o a_o heretor_fw-la dispones_fw-la his_o land_n with_o express_a condition_n of_o thirlage_n thereof_o to_o his_o miln_n or_o to_o any_o other_o
miln_n three_o when_o the_o heretor_fw-la of_o milns_n or_o land_n feve_n and_o dispones_fw-la the_o miln_n with_o the_o multure_n of_o his_o own_o land_n per_fw-la expressum_fw-la all_o these_o way_n be_v not_o contraverse_v constitution_n of_o thirlage_n whether_o they_o be_v in_o a_o infeftment_n contract_n bond_n or_o other_o personal_a right_n for_o these_o be_v clad_v with_o possession_n be_v sufficient_a to_o constitute_v a_o servitude_n though_o the_o right_n of_o the_o miln_n be_v a_o separate_a fee_n 〈◊〉_d infeftment_n four_o when_o the_o heretor_fw-la of_o the_o miln_n 〈◊〉_d or_o dispones_fw-la the_o same_o with_o the_o multure_n use_v and_o wont_a though_o he_o do_v not_o express_v out_o of_o what_o land_n it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o constitute_v a_o thirlage_n upon_o the_o land_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o pay_v in_o town_n multure_n be_v then_o his_o own_o land_n or_o to_o convey_v the_o right_n of_o the_o multure_n of_o other_o land_n be_v former_o astrict_v but_o where_o a_o barony_n be_v principal_o dispone_v with_o the_o miln_n thereof_o and_o the_o multure_n of_o the_o miln_n use_v and_o wont_a it_o be_v not_o find_v to_o extend_v to_o the_o multure_n of_o another_o barony_n hold_v of_o another_o superior_a though_o in_o use_n to_o come_v to_o that_o miln_n december_n 11._o 1666._o earl_n of_o cassils_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o dalmortoun_n and_o john_n whiteford_n five_o thirlage_n of_o a_o whole_a barony_n be_v infer_v by_o infeftment_n in_o the_o miln_n of_o the_o barony_n with_o the_o multure_n of_o the_o say_v miln_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o heretor_fw-la both_o of_o the_o miln_n and_o barony_n whereby_o these_o part_n of_o the_o barony_n that_o be_v not_o in_o use_n of_o astricted_a multure_n before_o be_v thereby_o astrict_v and_o that_o according_a to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o barony_n jan._n 31._o 1611._o wilson_n contra_fw-la warrock_n here_o the_o constitution_n bear_v not_o use_v and_o wont_a but_o multure_n of_o the_o miln_n general_o the_o like_a where_o the_o infeftment_n bear_v only_o the_o miln_n of_o the_o barony_n with_o astricted_a multure_n not_o repeat_v multure_n of_o the_o barony_n july_n 9_o 1611._o alexander_n moncrief_n contra_fw-la borthwick_n and_o pittinweem_n six_o thirlage_n be_v constitute_v without_o infeftment_n or_o any_o write_v subscrive_v by_o the_o heretor_fw-la of_o the_o land_n astrict_v but_o only_o by_o a_o act_n or_o rolment_n of_o barron_n court_n bearing_z the_o heretors_n consent_n and_o forty_o year_n possession_n conform_v hope_v milns_n and_o multure_n earl_n of_o murray_n contra_fw-la earlesmiln_n the_o like_a by_o decreet_a against_o the_o possessor_n their_o master_n not_o be_v call_v or_o consent_v but_o his_o bailie_n enact_v they_o to_o pay_v multure_n with_o long_a possession_n ibid._n mr._n andrew_n miln_n contra_fw-la patrick_n falconer_n seven_o a_o dry_a multure_n be_v find_v constitute_v and_o instruct_v by_o use_n of_o payment_n forty_o year_n without_o any_o other_o adminicle_n because_o it_o can_v not_o be_v construct_v as_o a_o free_a or_o voluntary_a deed_n as_o other_o multure_n may_v be_v hope_v milns_n and_o multure_n james_n dog_n contra_fw-la maxwel_n and_o the_o tenant_n of_o prestoun_n july_n 23._o 1675._o sir_n george_n kinaird_n contra_fw-la mr._n john_n drummond_n eight_o thirlage_n be_v infer_v of_o land_n within_o barony_n of_o the_o king_n property_n to_o the_o milns_n hold_v and_o repute_v to_o be_v the_o milns_n of_o that_o barony_n only_o as_o be_v in_o use_n past_a memory_n of_o man_n to_o do_v deed_n of_o thirlage_n as_o pay_v of_o multure_n lay_v in_o of_o damn_n february_n 5._o 1635._o dog_n contra_fw-la mushet_n january_n 8._o 1662._o james_n stuart_n contra_fw-la fevar_n of_o aberlednoch_n january_n 4._o 1662._o john_n nicolson_n contra_fw-la fevar_n of_o tillicoutrie_n nor_o be_v it_o find_v relevant_a that_o the_o fevar_n have_v right_a cum_fw-la molendinis_fw-la in_o the_o tenendas_fw-la which_o be_v but_o past_a of_o course_n in_o exchequer_n in_o the_o common_a clause_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o foresay_a case_n january_n 8._o 1662._o james_n stuart_n contra_fw-la fevar_n of_o aberlednoch_n the_o reason_n hereof_o be_v because_o the_o king_n right_n be_v constitute_v jure_fw-la coronae_fw-la without_o infeftment_n or_o other_o write_v which_o be_v not_o requisite_a or_o accustom_a to_o be_v keep_v and_o therefore_o the_o presumption_n from_o long_a possession_n be_v sufficient_a craig_n l._n 2._o dieges_fw-fr 8._o relate_v it_o as_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o that_o immemorial_n possession_n be_v sufficient_a to_o instruct_v the_o thirlage_n of_o kirklands_n in_o the_o same_o way_n as_o of_o the_o king_n land_n to_o which_o he_o assent_v not_o but_o the_o reason_n seem_v much_o to_o be_v the_o same_o especial_o after_o the_o reformation_n when_o the_o evident_n of_o the_o kirk_n be_v lose_v or_o destroy_v so_o that_o long_a possession_n have_v be_v sufficient_a to_o instruct_v the_o right_n of_o propperty_n of_o kirklands_n and_o may_v much_o more_o instruct_v this_o servitude_n unless_o milns_n and_o multure_n have_v be_v grant_v to_o the_o fevar_n anterior_a to_o the_o feu_n of_o the_o miln_n but_o unquestionable_o thirlage_n be_v easy_o sustain_v in_o kirk-land_n than_o other_o as_o it_o be_v sustain_v be_v by_o a_o infeftment_n of_o a_o miln_n cum_fw-la multuris_fw-la general_o and_o the_o bishop_n precept_n to_o his_o tenant_n to_o pay_v their_o multure_n to_o that_o miln_n with_o long_a possession_n though_o without_o consent_n of_o the_o chapter_n decemb._n 7._o 1665._o david_n veatch_n contra_fw-la john_n duncan_n 17._o as_o to_o the_o negative_a first_o thirlage_n be_v not_o infer_v by_o use_n of_o come_v to_o the_o miln_n and_o pay_v multure_n there_o at_o though_o immemorial_n even_o though_o the_o multure_n pay_v be_v as_o great_a as_o the_o thirl_z multure_n march_v 13._o 1635._o gilchrist_n contra_fw-la menzies_n the_o reason_n hereof_o be_v because_o such_o payment_n be_v but_o voluntatis_fw-la non_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la and_o therefore_o can_v no_o more_o infer_v a_o servitude_n than_o they_o who_o past_a memory_n come_v such_o a_o way_n to_o a_o town_n be_v astrict_v only_o to_o come_v that_o way_n but_o infeftment_n in_o a_o miln_n with_o the_o astricted_a multure_n of_o such_o land_n per_fw-la expressum_fw-la and_o forty_o year_n possession_n of_o pay_v the_o insucken_a multure_n be_v find_v to_o constitute_v the_o thirlage_n though_o the_o fevar_n be_v infeft_v cum_fw-la molendinis_fw-la before_o the_o feu_n of_o the_o miln_n and_o sometime_o go_v to_o other_o milns_n which_o not_o be_v frequent_a and_o for_o some_o whole_a year_n be_v find_v but_o clandestine_v and_o such_o as_o occur_v in_o all_o thirlage_n and_o no_o legal_a interruption_n june_n 29._o 1665._o heretor_n of_o the_o miln_n of_o kythick_n contra_fw-la fevar_n second_o thirlage_n be_v not_o infer_v because_o the_o land_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o superior_n barony_n have_v a_o miln_n of_o the_o barony_n where_o the_o vassal_n infeftment_n contain_v cum_fw-la molendinis_fw-la &_o multuris_fw-la or_o a_o feu-duty_n pro_fw-la omni_fw-la alio_fw-la onere_fw-la or_o such_o a_o feu-duty_n allanerly_a novemb_n 26._o 1631._o oliphant_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o marshal_n but_o where_o the_o baron_n disposition_n contain_v not_o these_o clause_n his_o give_v a_o subaltern_a infeftment_n of_o a_o part_n of_o his_o barony_n which_o part_n be_v thirl_a to_o the_o miln_n before_o it_o be_v not_o find_v liberat_fw-la but_o continue_v thirl_a to_o the_o miln_n of_o the_o barony_n though_o the_o miln_n and_o multure_n of_o the_o barony_n be_v dispone_v thereafter_o to_o another_o july_n 17._o 1629._o newlistoun_n contra_fw-la inglis_n for_o if_o the_o vassal_n have_v acquire_v that_o part_n of_o the_o barony_n with_o the_o multure_n it_o will_v have_v be_v express_v particular_o or_o general_o see_v thereby_o the_o seller_n behove_v to_o diminish_v the_o rental_a of_o his_o miln_n three_o thirlage_n of_o a_o barony_n or_o any_o part_n thereof_o be_v not_o infer_v by_o a_o disposition_n or_o infeftment_n of_o a_o miln_n grant_v by_o the_o baron_n though_o it_o be_v the_o only_a miln_n of_o the_o barony_n see_v he_o express_v not_o it_o to_o be_v so_o nor_o express_v any_o land_n nor_o the_o multure_n thereof_o but_o only_a dispo_n ed_z the_o miln_n with_o the_o pertinent_o july_n 12._o 1621._o william_n douglas_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o murray_n in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v several_a act_n of_o court_n thirl_a the_o tenant_n and_o long_a possession_n which_o be_v not_o insist_v on_o but_o only_o the_o act_n of_o court_n which_o be_v not_o find_v sufficient_a see_v it_o be_v only_o by_o a_o bailie_n without_o warrant_n or_o consent_n of_o the_o heretor_fw-la albeit_o clad_v with_o forty_o year_n possession_n but_o a_o decreet_a against_o the_o tenant_n for_o astricted_a multure_n and_o immemorial_n possession_n be_v find_v to_o constitute_v thirlage_n to_o
the_o miln_n of_o the_o barony_n albeit_o the_o defender_n be_v infeft_v cum_fw-la molendinis_fw-la prio_fw-la to_o the_o infeftment_n of_o the_o heretor_fw-la of_o the_o miln_n and_o do_v sometime_o go_v to_o other_o milns_n but_o clandestine_o and_o sometime_o be_v bring_v back_o by_o force_n june_n 24._o 1665._o colonel_n montgomery_n contra_fw-la wallace_n and_o other_o which_o do_v not_o import_v interruption_n which_o be_v not_o find_v by_o clandestine_v abstraction_n but_o by_o pay_v no_o multure_n at_o least_o for_o a_o whole_a year_n four_o thirlage_n be_v not_o infer_v by_o any_o deed_n of_o tenant_n possessor_n wodsetter_n liferenter_n or_o any_o other_o but_o the_o fire_n and_o therefore_o there_o will_v be_v no_o process_n sustain_v against_o the_o tenant_n for_o multure_n unless_o the_o fire_n be_v call_v february_n 9_o 1628._o laird_n of_o wardess_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o dunkincie_n or_o at_o least_o that_o there_o have_v be_v prio_fw-la decreet_n wherein_o he_o be_v call_v constitute_v the_o thirlage_n and_o all_o 〈◊〉_d and_o act_n otherways_o be_v null_a by_o exception_n if_o quarrel_v within_o prescription_n five_o thirlage_n of_o land_n to_o another_o man_n miln_n do_v not_o infer_v a_o thirlage_n of_o the_o teind_n of_o these_o land_n though_o acquire_v by_o the_o heretor_fw-la who_o thirl_a the_o land_n july_n 7._o 1635._o laird_n of_o innerweek_n contra_fw-la hamiltoun_n the_o like_a in_o molendino_fw-la regio_fw-la where_o no_o write_n be_v show_v but_o possession_n to_o consttute_v the_o thirlage_n which_o be_v find_v not_o to_o extend_v the_o teind_n january_n 8._o 1662._o james_n stewart_n contra_fw-la fevar_n of_o aberledno_n the_o like_a where_o the_o clause_n of_o thirlage_n bear_v omnium_fw-la granorum_fw-la crescentium_fw-la super_fw-la terris_fw-la suis_fw-la here_o the_o heretor_fw-la of_o the_o land_n thirl_a have_v no_o right_n to_o the_o teind_v spot_n milns_n and_o multure_n laird_n of_o wauchtoun_n contra_fw-la hoom_n of_o ford_n the_o like_a where_o the_o clause_n in_o a_o charter_n grant_v by_o a_o abbot_n to_o his_o fevar_n bear_v the_o astriction_n omnium_fw-la granorum_fw-la which_o be_v find_v to_o extend_v to_o the_o teind_n which_o then_o belong_v to_o the_o abbot_n and_o the_o teind_v be_v find_v thirl_a when_o a_o feu-duty_n be_v pay_v both_o for_o stock_n and_o teind_v january_n 21._o 1681._o greirson_n contra_fw-la gordoun_n of_o spado_fw-la nor_o will_v the_o exception_n of_o teind_v be_v sustain_v in_o milns_n belong_v to_o kirkman_n have_v right_o to_o both_o stock_n and_o teind_v 18._o the_o next_o point_n propose_v be_v the_o effect_n and_o extent_n of_o thirlage_n be_v constitute_v which_o be_v exceed_o various_a for_o clear_v whereof_o advert_v that_o thirlage_n be_v either_o introduce_v and_o instruct_v by_o custom_n and_o prescription_n or_o by_o paction_n and_o write_v when_o it_o be_v by_o prescription_n and_o custom_n it_o be_v whole_o regulat_fw-la by_o custom_n and_o the_o heretor_fw-la of_o the_o miln_n and_o his_o tenant_n can_v get_v no_o more_o and_o will_v get_v less_o than_o they_o instruct_v to_o be_v their_o ancient_a custom_n which_o hold_v where_o thirlage_n be_v constitute_v by_o write_v but_o general_o with_o the_o multure_n sequels_fw-fr and_o service_n use_v and_o wont_a for_o then_o also_o custom_n must_v rule_v it_o and_o the_o heretor_fw-la of_o the_o miln_n will_v not_o be_v put_v to_o prove_v what_o the_o custom_n be_v before_o that_o write_v though_o it_o relate_v to_o custom_n past_a but_o long_a custom_n present_a will_v be_v sufficient_a presumption_n and_o proof_n of_o what_o be_v that_o preterite_n custom_n if_o the_o contrary_n can_v be_v prove_v and_o though_o it_o shall_v be_v prove_v yet_o forty_o year_n possession_n will_v alter_v the_o case_n and_o either_o increase_v the_o servitude_n or_o the_o freedom_n if_o the_o servitude_n be_v constitute_v by_o writ_n special_a regard_n be_v have_v to_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o writ_n which_o therefore_o vary_v thirlage_n according_o so_o thirlage_n simple_o express_v in_o the_o writ_n without_o mention_n of_o all_o grain_n grow_v upon_o the_o ground_n be_v find_v to_o extend_v to_o all_o corn_n grow_v thereupon_o abstract_v to_o other_o milns_n or_o sell_v though_o they_o have_v pay_v no_o multure_n past_o memory_n for_o sell_v corn_n june_n 26._o 1635._o laird_n of_o wauchtoun_n contra_fw-la hoom_n of_o ford_n 19_o a_o clause_n of_o thirlage_n bear_v una_fw-la cum_fw-la multuris_fw-la omnium_fw-la terrarum_fw-la intra_fw-la parochiam_fw-la find_v not_o to_o extend_v to_o other_o corn_n bought-in_a and_o not_o grow_v within_o the_o sucken_n hope_n milns_n and_o multure_n giles_n murray_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o drumsei_n a_o clause_n of_o thirlage_n thirl_a a_o heretors_n tenant_n to_o another_o man_n miln_n and_o all_o the_o tenant_n grain_n grow_v upon_o the_o land_n find_v not_o to_o extend_v to_o that_o heretors_n farm-bear_a whether_o deliver_v to_o he_o or_o sell_v by_o he_o to_o his_o tenant_n or_o other_o but_o that_o the_o same_o be_v multure-free_a but_o yet_o be_v thirl_a and_o behove_v to_o come_v to_o the_o miln_n and_o pay_v the_o small_a duty_n only_o hope_n milns_n and_o multure_n lord_n keith_n contra_fw-la nathaniel_n keith_n which_o be_v also_o observe_v with_o this_o further_a that_o invecta_fw-la &_o illata_fw-la be_v not_o thereby_o thirl_a spot_n de_fw-fr servitutibus_fw-la a_o clause_n of_o thirlage_n omnium_fw-la granorum_fw-la crescentium_fw-la be_v find_v not_o to_o extend_v to_o the_o heretors_n farm_n who_o have_v so_o thirl_a his_o land_n not_o be_v ground_n at_o any_o other_o miln_n but_o sell_v or_o otherways_o make_v use_n of_o neither_o to_o corn_n not_o grow_v within_o the_o thirl_z though_o thol_a fire_n and_o water_n or_o garnel_v there_o july_n 11._o 1621._o keith_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o peterhead_n a_o clause_n of_o thirlage_n grant_v by_o a_o town_n to_o a_o miln_n express_v invecta_fw-la &_o illata_fw-la find_v to_o be_v extend_v to_o all_o corn_n kiln_v or_o steep_v within_o the_o thirl_z though_o not_o bring_v to_o the_o miln_n nor_o use_v make_v of_o within_o the_o thirl_z spoos_n de_fw-fr servitute_fw-la ruthven_n contra_fw-la cuthbert_n of_o draky_n thirlage_n of_o invecta_fw-la &_o illata_fw-la constitute_v by_o a_o town_n charter_n find_v effectual_a as_o to_o the_o grain_n that_o grow_v in_o the_o thirl_z of_o that_o miln_n and_o be_v liable_a for_o a_o great_a multure_n as_o grana_fw-la crescentia_fw-la so_o that_o these_o corn_n be_v buy_v by_o the_o town_n fall_v to_o pay_v both_o the_o ordinary_a multure_n as_o grow_v in_o the_o thirl_z and_o a_o lesser_a multure_n by_o a_o several_a thirlage_n by_o the_o town_n charter_n thirl_a omne_fw-la invecta_fw-la &_o illata_fw-la in_o their_o town_n to_o that_o same_o miln_n see_v the_o town_n may_v shun_v the_o inconvenience_n of_o double_a multure_n by_o buy_v only_a corn_n which_o grow_v not_o in_o the_o thirl_z of_o that_o miln_n decemb._n 11._o 1678._o sir_n andrew_n ramsay_n contra_fw-la the_o town_n of_o kirkaldie_n 20._o in_o this_o case_n invecta_fw-la &_o illata_fw-la be_v find_v to_o import_v malt_n make_v within_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o town_n or_o brew_v within_o the_o same_o but_o not_o to_o meal_n where_o they_o do_v not_o buy_v the_o corn_n but_o buy_v the_o meal_n though_o it_o be_v bake_v in_o the_o town_n in_o respect_n it_o be_v so_o prove_v to_o be_v the_o custom_n november_n 24._o 1680._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la but_o the_o quantity_n of_o abstract_n multure_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o town_n man_n oath_n they_o be_v not_o find_v oliege_v to_o depone_v that_o they_o have_v pay_v the_o whole_a multure_n of_o year_n long_o by-gone_a but_o only_o if_o they_o know_v and_o remember_v that_o any_o part_n of_o it_o be_v not_o pay_v and_o what_o that_o part_n of_o it_o be_v december_n 12._o 1679._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la but_o ordinary_o invecta_fw-la &_o illata_fw-la or_o thol_a fire_n and_o water_n be_v only_o interpret_v of_o steep_v and_o kill_v but_o not_o of_o bake_v or_o brew_v a_o clause_n in_o fevars_n charter_n thirl_a they_o to_o the_o superior_n milns_n of_o such_o a_o paroch_n whereof_o there_o be_v four_o be_v find_v not_o to_o be_v put_v in_o the_o option_n of_o the_o fevar_n to_o go_v to_o any_o of_o the_o four_o but_o to_o keep_v to_o the_o particular_a miln_n to_o which_o they_o be_v accustom_v in_o respect_n the_o milns_n have_v several_a sucken_n and_o the_o fevar_n be_v in_o use_n forty_o year_n to_o pay_v multure_n and_o do_v all_o service_n thereto_o as_o be_v find_v 1663._o as_o to_o the_o miln_n of_o catharine_n and_o the_o like_v find_v as_o to_o the_o miln_n of_o dalsangan_n another_o miln_n of_o mauchlein_n about_o the_o same_o time_n thirlage_n be_v constitute_v or_o determine_v by_o custom_n do_v ordinary_o carry_v not_o only_o multure_n of_o the_o grain_n grow_v within_o the_o sucken_n but_o those_o that_o thole_n
fire_n and_o water_n within_o the_o same_o by_o be_v kiln_v and_o steep_v and_o in_o some_o place_n brown_a within_o the_o same_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o multure_n if_o it_o be_v not_o determine_v by_o write_n be_v determine_v by_o use_n of_o payment_n of_o the_o barony_n or_o sucken_n though_o a_o part_n thereof_o in_o question_n pay_v less_o former_o which_o do_v only_o liberat_fw-la they_o from_fw-la bygones_fw-la july_n 20._o 1610._o neilson_n of_o craigcaffie_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o innermesson_n 21._o beside_o the_o multures_n thirlage_n be_v extend_v to_o sequels_fw-fr which_o be_v express_v in_o thirlage_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v the_o knaveship_n bannock_n or_o lock_v payable_a beside_o the_o multure_n to_o the_o milner_n and_o their_o servant_n for_o their_o service_n according_a to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o several_a milns_n though_o these_o be_v not_o express_v march_v 22._o 1628._o adamson_n of_o braco_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o shallie_n the_o like_a before_o even_o where_o the_o corn_n be_v abstract_v spot_n milns_n march_v 22._o 1628._o and_o where_o the_o thirlage_n be_v by_o use_n and_o custom_n these_o small_a duty_n be_v according_o due_a beside_o the_o multure_n 22._o thirlage_n also_o carry_v service_n to_o the_o miln_n as_o carry_v home_o of_o miln-stone_n uphold_v the_o damn_n watergates_o and_o of_o the_o milnhouse_n which_o be_v service_n diverse_a and_o regulate_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o several_a milns_n the_o thirlage_n constitute_v by_o infeftment_n of_o a_o miln_n cum_fw-la mutturis_fw-la &_o sequelis_fw-la find_v to_o give_v right_a to_o the_o ordinary_a miln_n service_n to_o the_o miln-damn_a and_o miln-stone_n by_o paction_n or_o prescription_n the_o same_o be_v take_v away_o february_n 27._o 1668._o maitland_n contra_fw-la lesly_n in_o prove_v of_o the_o custom_n of_o these_o duty_n to_o milns_n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n to_o prove_v forty_o year_n constant_a custom_n but_o diverse_a year_n custom_n in_o 〈◊〉_d unless_o a_o contrary_a custom_n be_v prove_v by_o the_o thirl_a nicol._n de_fw-fr servitute_fw-la 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la ballachan_n but_o it_o be_v find_v that_o a_o heretor_fw-la of_o a_o miln_n be_v infeft_v and_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o miln_n with_o the_o multure_n of_o the_o land_n in_o question_n 〈◊〉_d he_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n with_o seven_o year_n 〈◊〉_d and_o so_o it_o will_v stand_v and_o be_v effectual_a till_o it_o be_v reduce_v notwithstanding_o a_o anterior_a infeftment_n cum_fw-la mollendinis_fw-la june_n 28._o 1636._o maxwel_o contra_fw-la maxwel_n 23._o thirlage_n also_o be_v esteem_v by_o some_o to_o carry_v this_o privilege_n that_o the_o heretor_fw-la of_o the_o miln_n may_v brevi_fw-la manu_fw-la cast_v down_o any_o other_o miln_n big_v within_o the_o thirl_z but_o craig_n opinion_n be_v in_o the_o contrary_a in_o the_o forecited_a place_n and_o it_o be_v so_o find_v where_o the_o miln_n so_o big_v have_v go_v fifteen_o day_n spot_n husband_n and_o wife_n laird_n of_o ludquharn_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o marischal_n but_o whether_o it_o may_v not_o be_v hinder_v while_o the_o new_a miln_n be_v in_o building_n be_v not_o so_o clear_a at_o least_o it_o may_v be_v civil_o interrupt_v nunciatione_fw-la novi_fw-la operis_fw-la in_o respect_n of_o the_o favour_n of_o go_v milns_n these_o be_v not_o to_o be_v destroy_v for_o the_o public_a use_n of_o the_o country_n from_o which_o ground_n it_o be_v that_o the_o watergang_n of_o a_o miln_n pass_v through_o a_o heretors_n land_n be_v not_o suffer_v to_o be_v stop_v though_o it_o be_v without_o consent_n or_o prescription_n not_o be_v to_o his_o prejudice_n hope_n milns_n laird_n of_o bass_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o balgown_n but_o though_o milns_n may_v not_o be_v stop_v brevi_fw-la manu_fw-la yet_o building_n a_o miln_n within_o the_o thirl_z on_o pretence_n to_o get_v voluntary_a multure_n and_o that_o the_o builder_n will_v still_o bring_v his_o own_o corn_n to_o the_o other_o miln_n be_v unwarrantable_a and_o contrary_a the_o common_a custom_n of_o destroy_a quern_n which_o may_v have_v the_o same_o pretence_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v know_v what_o be_v clandestine_o ground_fw-mi at_o the_o new_a miln_n within_o the_o old_a thirl_z but_o halyard_n be_v build_n a_o miln_n near_o to_o breastmiln_a who_o crave_v summary_o to_o stop_v he_o by_o supplication_n to_o the_o lord_n they_o do_v refuse_v to_o stop_v because_o it_o be_v not_o clear_a that_o his_o land_n be_v thirl_a july_n 29._o 1673._o thirlage_n have_v also_o this_o effect_n in_o someplace_n that_o when_o any_o person_n be_v apprehend_v abstracting_a corn_n the_o horse_n and_o corn_n may_v be_v seize_v upon_o braevi_fw-la manu_fw-la and_o the_o corn_n confiscate_v to_o the_o milner_n and_o craig_n relate_v in_o the_o forecited_a place_n that_o it_o be_v the_o ordinary_a custom_n in_o france_n that_o corn_n be_v escheat_n to_o the_o lord_n and_o may_v be_v seize_v summary_o it_o be_v relate_v by_o craig_n l._n 2._o dieg._n 8._o out_o of_o the_o statute_n of_o king_n william_n that_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o master_n and_o two_o servant_n in_o every_o miln_n swear_v to_o be_v faithful_a to_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o his_o man_n and_o that_o the_o common_a multure_n not_o determine_v by_o infeftment_n be_v the_o twenty_o grain_n and_o that_o all_o grain_n that_o shall_v be_v set_v down_o upon_o the_o ground_n of_o another_o thirl_z shall_v pay_v multure_n there_o and_o that_o when_o a_o horse_n carry_v grain_n out_o of_o the_o thirl_z be_v take_v the_o grain_n be_v escheat_n to_o the_o miller_n and_o the_o horse_n to_o the_o master_n and_o that_o he_o who_o remove_v from_o the_o thirl_z shall_v have_v his_o seed_n multure_n free_a these_o be_v most_o part_n overrule_v by_o custom_n as_o have_v be_v before_o show_v this_o far_o i_o find_v it_o among_o our_o custom_n that_o the_o spuilzie_n of_o a_o horse_n be_v elide_v because_o he_o be_v seize_v upon_o take_v corn_n out_o of_o the_o thirl_z to_o another_o miln_n as_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o that_o place_n and_o that_o after_o carry_v back_o thereof_o the_o horse_n be_v offer_v that_o same_o night_n january_n 22._o 1635._o menzies_n contra_fw-la mckie_n thirlage_n omnium_fw-la granorum_fw-la crescentium_fw-la upon_o such_o a_o tenement_n find_v to_o extend_v not_o only_o to_o the_o tenant_n but_o to_o the_o mains_fw-fr july_n 29._o 1673._o dundas_n of_o breastmiln_n contra_fw-la skeen_n of_o halyard_n 24._o it_o remain_v that_o we_o confider_v how_o thirlage_n be_v constitute_v be_v destitute_a or_o take_v off_o and_o that_o be_v in_o the_o like_a manner_n as_o it_o be_v constitute_v either_o by_o prescription_n whereby_o liberty_n be_v recover_v to_o the_o thirl_a land_n which_o need_v no_o positive_a act_n to_o deny_v the_o multure_n but_o simple_a forbearance_n to_o lift_v or_o seek_v they_o be_v enough_o or_o otherways_o by_o any_o discharge_n or_o renunciation_n without_o further_a solemnity_n for_o in_o that_o way_n also_o it_o be_v constitute_v but_o the_o most_o ordinary_a way_n of_o take_v off_o thirlage_n be_v by_o grant_v a_o charter_n contain_v milns_n and_o multure_n in_o the_o tenendas_fw-la which_o be_v not_o find_v good_a as_o to_o the_o king_n fevar_n because_o past_a in_o exchequer_n without_o notice_n as_o the_o common_a style_n january_n 8._o 1662._o james_n stuart_n contra_fw-la fevar_n of_o aberledno_n which_o be_v more_o evident_a when_o milns_n and_o multure_n be_v in_o the_o dispositive_a clause_n it_o have_v the_o like_a effect_n when_o the_o miln_n and_o multure_n be_v dispone_v to_o one_o party_n and_o by_o a_o prior_n disposition_n or_o infeftment_n the_o same_o land_n which_o be_v of_o old_a of_o the_o thirl_z be_v grant_v to_o the_o vassal_n thereof_o cum_fw-la molendanis_fw-la &_o multuris_fw-la for_o thereby_o the_o posterior_n infeftment_n of_o the_o miln_n and_o multure_n be_v a_o non_fw-la habente_fw-la potestatem_fw-la and_o ineffectual_a novemb_v 26._o 1631._o mr._n william_n elephant_n contra_fw-la earl_n marischal_n 25._o in_o thirlage_n there_o be_v only_a allowance_n or_o deduction_n of_o seed_n and_o horse-corn_n but_o nothing_o for_o expense_n of_o labour_v jan._n 14._o 1662._o nicolson_n contra_fw-la fevar_n of_o tillicoutrie_n 26._o thirlage_n by_o a_o vassal_n be_v not_o find_v effectual_a against_o the_o superior_a when_o the_o land_n fall_v in_o his_o hand_n by_o ward_n unless_o the_o superior_a have_v consent_v decem._n 11._o 1666._o earl_n of_o cassils_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o dalmortoun_n thirlage_n by_o a_o vassal_n charter_n find_v not_o to_o make_v he_o liable_a for_o the_o abstraction_n of_o his_o tenant_n but_o only_o the_o tenant_n themselves_o decemb._n 10._o 1667._o earl_n of_o cassils_n contra_fw-la sheriff_n of_o galloway_n 27._o if_o it_o be_v question_v whether_o multure_n be_v due_a when_o the_o miln_n be_v unable_a to_o work_v by_o frost_n break_v of_o the_o
when_o they_o be_v allocat_fw-la all_o intrometter_n with_o the_o teind_n of_o these_o land_n allocat_fw-la be_v liable_a for_o the_o stipend_n not_o proportional_o with_o other_o intrometter_n but_o in_o so_o far_o as_o their_o whole_a intromission_n can_v reach_v even_o though_o they_o make_v payment_n before_o they_o be_v charge_v by_o the_o minister_n which_o they_o allege_v be_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la to_o the_o heretor_fw-la or_o tacksman_n february_n 19_o 1629._o kirk_n contra_fw-la gilchrist_n and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o allocation_n the_o stipend_n be_v a_o burden_n affect_v the_o whole_a teind_v out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v modify_v and_o the_o minister_n may_v take_v himself_o either_o to_o the_o heretor_fw-la or_o possessor_n spot_n kirk-man_n mr._n andrew_n ker_n contra_fw-la william_n gilchrist_n december_n 3._o 1664._o mr._n j._n hutcheson_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o cassils_n in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o minister_n may_v take_v himself_o to_o any_o of_o the_o heretor_n of_o the_o paroch_n for_o the_o whole_a teind_v inso_v far_o as_o his_o modified_a stipend_n go_v see_v he_o have_v no_o locality_n and_o that_o the_o heretor_fw-la distress_v behove_v to_o seek_v his_o relief_n proportional_o from_o the_o rest_n and_o a_o minister_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_a to_o pursue_v a_o heretor_fw-la for_o his_o stipend_n pay_v out_o of_o his_o land_n and_o that_o accept_v a_o assignation_n to_o a_o part_n of_o the_o tenant_n duty_n do_v not_o liberat_fw-la the_o heretor_fw-la further_o then_o what_o the_o minister_n receive_v unless_o the_o assignation_n bear_v in_o full_a satisfaction_n november_n 9_o 1677._o mr._n john_n rutherford_n contra_fw-la murray_n of_o skirling_n yea_o though_o a_o heretor_fw-la be_v but_o a_o appryzer_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o teind_n he_o be_v find_v liable_a personal_o though_o he_o have_v not_o intromet_v and_o though_o he_o offer_v to_o assign_v as_o much_o of_o the_o rent_n december_n 20._o 1622._o sir_n john_n prestoun_n contra_fw-la sir_n john_n ker._n and_o though_o the_o intrometter_n be_v but_o a_o wodsetter_n both_o of_o stock_n and_o teind_v have_v no_o more_o but_o his_o annualrent_n and_o there_o be_v sufficient_a teind_v beside_o the_o wodset_n march_v 21._o 1633._o mr_n william_n keith_n contra_fw-la james_n grace_n and_o other_o but_o where_o a_o liferenter_fw-la possess_fw-fr she_o be_v only_o find_v liable_a not_o the_o fire_n june_n 24._o 1663._o menzies_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o glenurchie_n 31._o but_o teind_n before_o valuation_n be_v only_o due_a according_a to_o the_o crop_v and_o good_n without_o restrain_v the_o heretor_fw-la in_o the_o free_a use_n of_o his_o ground_n who_o may_v leave_v it_o all_o grass_n though_o it_o have_v never_o be_v so_o long_a corn_n and_o may_v stock_n it_o with_o yield_v good_n which_o will_v yield_v no_o viccarage_n and_o therefore_o have_v enclose_v a_o parcel_n of_o ground_n and_o sow_v it_o with_o kail_n carrot_n and_o herb_n the_o same_o be_v find_v teind_v free_a unless_o these_o be_v accustom_v to_o pay_v teind_v in_o that_o place_n june_n 9_o 1676._o alexander_n burnet_n contra_fw-la william_n gibb_n 32_o even_o after_o valuation_n teind_n be_v not_o debita_fw-la fundi_fw-la nor_o do_v affect_v singular_a successor_n as_o to_o bygones_fw-la before_o their_o right_n february_n 28._o 1662._o earl_n of_o callender_n contra_fw-la andrew_n monro_n 33._o the_o legal_a term_n of_o benefice_n and_o stipend_n whereby_o they_o be_v due_a to_o the_o incumbent_n be_v whitsonday_n at_o which_o the_o fruit_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v full_o sow_v and_o michaelmess_n at_o which_o they_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v full_o separate_v and_o therefore_o if_o the_o incumbent_n entry_n be_v before_o whitsonday_n he_o have_v that_o whole_a year_n so_o if_o he_o be_v depose_v or_o transport_v before_o whitsonday_n he_o have_v no_o part_n of_o that_o year_n if_o after_o whitsonday_n and_o before_o michaelmess_n he_o have_v the_o half_a july_n 24._o 1662._o mr._n patrick_n weims_n contra_fw-la cunninghame_n if_o after_o michaelmess_n he_o have_v the_o whole_a but_o if_o the_o incumbent_n die_v he_o have_v further_a interest_n in_o his_o benefice_n even_o after_o his_o death_n 34._o minister_n die_v their_o wife_n bairn_n or_o executor_n have_v the_o annat_n of_o their_o beneficeor_n stipend_n which_o be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v their_o ancient_a right_n parl._n 1571._o cap._n 41._o whereby_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o benefice_a person_n die_v shall_v have_v right_a to_o the_o fruit_n of_o their_o benefice_n upon_o the_o ground_n and_o the_o annat_n thereafter_o to_o pertain_v to_o their_o executor_n but_o the_o question_n be_v what_o the_o annat_n import_v there_o be_v a_o letter_n concern_v it_o write_v by_o the_o king_n to_o the_o general_n assembly_n and_o ratify_v by_o they_o all_o do_v agree_v that_o if_o the_o incumbent_a die_n after_o michaelmess_n he_o have_v right_a to_o that_o whole_a year_n by_o his_o service_n and_o to_o the_o half_a of_o the_o next_o year_n by_o the_o annat_n but_o if_o he_o die_v before_o michaelmess_n he_o have_v right_a to_o the_o half_a of_o the_o stipend_n if_o he_o survive_v whitsonday_n proprio_fw-la jure_fw-la and_o to_o the_o other_o half_a as_o the_o ann_n which_o his_o executor_n have_v right_a to_o but_o all_o the_o question_n be_v when_o the_o incumbent_n do_v not_o only_o survive_v michaelmess_n whereby_o he_o have_v the_o half_a of_o the_o next_o year_n but_o if_o he_o survive_v the_o last_o of_o dec._n whether_o he_o have_v right_a to_o the_o whole_a stipend_n of_o that_o year_n as_o to_o which_o that_o rule_n have_v be_v sustain_v in_o favorabilibus_fw-la annus_fw-la incaptus_fw-la habetur_fw-la pro_fw-la completo_fw-la &_o therefore_o the_o ann_n be_v the_o who_o year_n which_o be_v so_o decide_v july_n 5._o 1662._o executor_n of_o mr._n james_n fairlie_n contra_fw-la his_o parochioner_n but_o the_o ann_n of_o bishop_n and_o minister_n be_v now_o bring_v to_o a_o much_o more_o equal_a way_n by_o act_n of_o 〈◊〉_d august_n 23._o 1672._o whereby_o it_o be_v statute_n that_o the_o ann_n in_o alltime_n thereafter_o shall_v be_v half_a a_o year_n rend_v of_o the_o benefice_n or_o stipend_n over_o and_o above_o what_o be_v due_a to_o the_o defunct_a for_o his_o incumbency_n viz._n if_o he_o survive_v whitsonday_n he_o shall_v have_v the_o half_a of_o that_o year_n for_o his_o incumbency_n and_o the_o other_o half_a for_o his_o ann_n and_o if_o he_o survive_v michaelmess_n he_o shall_v have_v the_o half_a of_o the_o next_o year_n for_o his_o ann_n whereas_o before_o if_o he_o survive_v michaelmess_n and_o live_v but_o till_o the_o last_o of_o december_n his_o ann_n be_v but_o the_o half_a of_o the_o next_o year_n but_o if_o he_o live_v till_o the_o first_o of_o january_n his_o ann_n be_v that_o whole_a year_n whereby_o the_o next_o incumbent_n have_v nothing_o to_o expect_v for_o a_o year_n during_o which_o the_o kirk_n be_v like_a to_o lie_v vacant_a the_o annat_n divide_v betwixt_o the_o relict_n and_o near_a of_o kin_n if_o there_o be_v no_o bairn_n and_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o gleib_n if_o there_o be_v no_o new_a intrant_fw-la july_n 19_o 1664._o elizabeth_n scrimzour_n relict_n of_o mr._n john_n murray_n contra_fw-la his_o executor_n but_o where_o there_o be_v a_o intrant_fw-la the_o gleib_n belong_v to_o he_o and_o be_v not_o part_n of_o the_o ann_n nor_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o former_a minister_n unless_o it_o have_v be_v sow_v by_o he_o and_o the_o crop_v upon_o it_o at_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o intrant_fw-la july_n 6._o 1665._o mr._n john_n colvil_n contra_fw-la lord_n balnterino_n where_o it_o be_v also_o find_v that_o the_o defunct_a have_v his_o ann_n though_o he_o have_v neither_o wife_n nor_o bairn_n 35._o to_o conclude_v this_o title_n with_o the_o interest_n of_o patron_n in_o benefice_n we_o have_v already_o show_v their_o original_a and_o kinds_a their_o interest_n in_o the_o benefice_n or_o stipend_n be_v first_o the_o right_a of_o presentation_n of_o a_o qualify_a person_n for_o the_o ministry_n who_o the_o presbytrie_n behove_v to_o try_v and_o admit_v if_o he_o be_v qualify_v whereanent_fw-la the_o patron_n may_v appeal_v to_o the_o synod_n and_o thence_o to_o the_o general_n assembly_n and_o if_o that_o person_n be_v still_o reject_v he_o must_v present_v another_o which_o must_v be_v do_v within_o six_o month_n after_o the_o vacancy_n may_v come_v to_o his_o knowledge_n otherways_o the_o kirk_n may_v admit_v a_o qualify_a person_n for_o that_o time_n par._n 1592._o cap._n 115._o par._n 1606._o cap._n 2._o par._n 1609._o cap._n 12._o since_o the_o restitution_n of_o bishop_n presentation_n must_v be_v direct_v to_o they_o in_o their_o several_a diocese_n second_o during_o the_o vacancy_n without_o the_o patron_n default_n but_o by_o the_o default_n of_o the_o presbytery_n refuse_v to_o admit_v a_o qualify_a person_n he_o have_v
grassum_fw-la before_z and_o therefore_o rental_n express_o so_o grant_v or_o to_o tenant_n constitute_v kindly_a tenant_n though_o they_o contain_v no_o ish_n shall_v not_o be_v annul_v for_o want_v of_o a_o be_v which_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o rental_a to_o be_v a_o life-rent_a and_o it_o will_v be_v far_o contrary_a to_o that_o favour_n that_o in_o other_o case_n be_v allow_v they_o to_o sustain_v they_o but_o as_o verbal_a tack_n last_v for_o a_o year_n upon_o this_o ground_n it_o be_v that_o a_o rental_a grant_v to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n not_o bear_v the_o long_a liver_n nor_o any_o issue_n be_v yet_o find_v to_o constitute_v they_o both_o rentallers_n during_o their_o life_n and_o their_o wife_n survive_v to_o enjoy_v the_o same_o february_n 20._o 1629._o laird_n of_o ley_n young_a contra_fw-la kirkwood_n 21._o rental_n do_v ordinary_o contain_v a_o clause_n not_o to_o subset_n assign_v or_o annalzie_a which_o if_o it_o be_v contraveen_v not_o only_o the_o assignation_n or_o sub-tack_n be_v void_a but_o the_o rental_a itself_o february_n 28._o 1610._o john_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la thomas_n boid_n the_o like_a be_v subset_n as_o to_o a_o part_n pro_fw-la tanto_fw-la hope_v rental_n lord_n douglas_n contra_fw-la walkinshaw_n but_o if_o the_o assignation_n or_o sub-tack_n be_v to_o the_o major_a part_n it_o do_v annul_v the_o whole_a rental_a november_n 13._o 22._o laird_n of_o craigie_n wallace_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n yea_o though_o the_o subtack_n be_v only_o grant_v for_o certain_a year_n and_o these_o expyre_v before_o the_o pursuit_n hope_v rental_n earl_n of_o roxburgh_n contra_fw-la ker._n this_o be_v so_o far_o extend_v as_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o rental_a without_o any_o such_o clause_n that_o it_o fall_v in_o whole_a in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o ward-land_n recognosce_fw-la by_o alienate_v or_o subset_a the_o whole_a or_o major_a part_n if_o possession_n follow_v and_o that_o by_o exception_n or_o reply_n march_v 15._o 1631._o earl_n of_o galloway_n contra_fw-la burgess_n of_o wigtoun_n though_o the_o alienation_n be_v by_o excambion_n and_o be_v conditional_a if_o the_o heretor_fw-la consent_v else_o to_o be_v null_a the_o like_a where_o the_o rentall_a have_v give_v a_o disposition_n of_o the_o rentalled_a room_n whereupon_o the_o acquirer_n be_v in_o possession_n which_o be_v find_v to_o annul_v the_o rental_a albeit_o it_o bear_v assigney_n and_o to_o exclude_v a_o sub-tack_n by_o the_o rentall_a to_o that_o same_o party_n before_o any_o contraversie_n move_v february_n 21._o 1632._o laird_n of_o johnstoun_n contra_fw-la jamison_n the_o like_a though_o the_o sub-tennent_n offer_v to_o repone_v the_o rentall_a november_n 13._o 1622._o bonar_n contra_fw-la nicolson_n the_o like_a upon_o a_o assignation_n of_o a_o rental_a though_o it_o contain_v a_o power_n to_o sub-set_a and_o in-put_a and_o out-put_a tenant_n march_v 21._o 1623._o laird_n of_o craigie_n wallace_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n but_o this_o take_v no_o place_n if_o the_o sub-tack_n be_v set_v to_o the_o rentallers_n elder_a son_n who_o be_v to_o succeed_v march_v 19_o 1622._o earl_n of_o roxburgh_n contra_fw-la robert_n grace_n it_o will_v also_o be_v elide_v if_o the_o heretor_fw-la receive_v duty_n from_o the_o assignee_n as_o assignee_n hopehic_n laird_n of_o craigie_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n but_o it_o will_v not_o be_v infer_v by_o the_o rentallers_n enter_v another_o in_o possession_n without_o grant_v he_o a_o right_n in_o write_v july_n 5._o 1625._o laird_n of_o aitoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o wedderburn_n last_o of_o january_n 1633._o laird_n of_o cleghorn_n contra_fw-la crawfoord_n unless_o the_o rental_a contain_v a_o obligement_n to_o put_v no_o other_o in_o possession_n and_o than_o it_o become_v null_n by_o grant_v tolerance_n and_o that_o by_o exception_n against_o the_o person_n have_v tolerance_n without_o call_v the_o rentall_a july_n 15._o 1628._o maxwel_o contra_fw-la a_o rental_a set_v the_o keep_n of_o a_o house_n yard_n and_o other_o to_o the_o rentall_a and_o his_o heir_n as_o kindly_a tenant_n be_v not_o find_v null_a by_o demolish_n the_o house_n and_o yard_n whereby_o the_o rentall_a fail_v in_o his_o duty_n and_o in_o the_o cause_n of_o grant_v the_o rental_a january_n 29._o 1628._o duke_z of_o lennox_z contra_fw-la houstoun_n 22._o a_o sub-tack_n be_v that_o which_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o principal_a tacks-man_n to_o his_o subtennent_n who_o do_v not_o thereby_o become_v tennent_n to_o the_o setter_n of_o the_o principal_n tack_v this_o be_v competent_a to_o tacks-man_n where_o land_n be_v set_v to_o they_o or_o their_o subtennent_n or_o that_o they_o have_v power_n to_o out-put_a and_o in-put_a tenant_n and_o it_o be_v like_o a_o subaltern_a infeftment_n it_o have_v the_o same_o effect_n to_o defend_v the_o possession_n as_o the_o principal_n tack_v itself_o if_o it_o be_v clad_v with_o possession_n and_o can_v be_v take_v away_o by_o any_o renounciation_n grant_v by_o the_o principal_a tacks-man_n though_o his_o tack_v bear_v not_o assigney_n but_o though_o it_o be_v not_o observe_v it_o have_v bear_v either_o power_n to_o in-put_a tenant_n or_o sub-tennent_n july_n 14._o 1625._o earl_n of_o mortoun_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n yea_o when_o the_o principal_a tack_v be_v reduce_v for_o not_o production_n the_o subtacksman_n not_o have_v be_v call_v the_o sub-tack_n be_v sustain_v as_o a_o defence_n notwithstanding_o the_o reduction_n see_v the_o heretor_fw-la have_v consent_v to_o the_o sub-tack_n december_n 13._o 1626._o earl_n of_o galloway_n contra_fw-la meculloch_n yet_o otherways_o the_o heretor_fw-la be_v not_o oblige_v to_o know_v the_o sub-tack_n nor_o to_o call_v the_o subtacksman_n in_o the_o reduction_n of_o the_o principal_n tack_v and_o it_o become_v null_a by_o exception_n unless_o the_o substacks-man_n have_v appear_v and_o produce_v his_o interest_n in_o the_o reduction_n or_o in_o the_o second_o instance_n can_v propone_v a_o defence_n sufficient_a for_o the_o principal_a tacks-man_n or_o himself_o after_o which_o it_o do_v not_o defend_v he_o as_o bon_fw-fr a_fw-fr fidei_fw-la possessor_n after_o inhibition_n or_o draw_v the_o teind_v decem._n 11._o 1623._o earl_n of_o wigtoun_n contra_fw-la parochioner_n of_o stobo_n but_o otherways_o the_o sub-tack_n will_v be_v sufficient_a till_o warning_n this_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o sub-tack_n passive_a but_o active_a it_o be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a title_n to_o pursue_v without_o instruct_v the_o principal_a tack_v unless_o it_o have_v be_v acknowledge_v by_o the_o defender_n or_o clad_v with_o possession_n sufficient_a for_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n march_v 29._o 1622._o sir_n james_n cleiland_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o arbuckle_n for_o in_o intrusion_n or_o ejection_n sole_a possession_n be_v the_o title_n 23._o tacite_fw-la relocation_n be_v that_o which_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v the_o mind_n of_o both_o party_n after_o expire_a of_o a_o tack_v when_o neither_o the_o setter_n warn_v nor_o the_o tacks-man_n renounce_v for_o other_o signification_n of_o the_o alteration_n of_o their_o mind_n will_v not_o suffice_v these_o be_v the_o habile_fw-la way_n of_o void_a tack_n which_o be_v now_o much_o more_o strengthen_v by_o the_o statute_n prohibit_v tenant_n to_o be_v put_v out_o without_o warning_n before_o whitsonday_n but_o where_o warning_n be_v not_o requisite_a though_o other_o competent_a way_n of_o evacuate_a the_o tack_v will_v be_v sufficient_a as_o inhibition_n in_o teind_n or_o action_n for_o remove_v summary_o from_o fortalice_n coalheught_n etc._n etc._n yea_o though_o warning_n have_v be_v use_v if_o it_o prescrive_v by_o three_o year_n not_o pursue_v thereupon_o it_o have_v no_o effect_n even_o against_o tacit_a relocation_n july_n 6._o 1610._o mr._n robert_n bruice_n contra_fw-la captain_n andrew_n bruice_n there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o tacit_a relocation_n by_o take_v the_o rent_n before_o the_o hand_n during_o which_o time_n as_o craig_n observe_v in_o the_o forecited_a place_n the_o setter_n can_v remove_v the_o defunct_n successor_n for_o the_o year_n ensue_v in_o both_o which_o case_n he_o be_v understand_v to_o relocate_v tacit_o by_o these_o deed_n tacite_fw-la relocation_n have_v the_o same_o effect_n to_o maintain_v possession_n that_o the_o tack_v have_v even_o against_o singular_a successor_n and_o that_o not_o only_o to_o the_o tacksman_n but_o to_o the_o sub-tennent_n be_v possessor_n who_o allege_v the_o principal_a tacks-man_n be_v not_o warn_v and_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o allege_v he_o have_v a_o tack_v for_o term_n to_o run_v but_o only_o that_o he_o be_v not_o warn_v december_n 2._o 1628._o mr._n walter_n whitefoord_n contra_fw-la johnstoun_n but_o where_o the_o subtennent_a be_v warn_v tacit_a ralocation_n allege_v by_o the_o subtennent_a be_v not_o sustain_v without_o produce_v a_o stand_v tack_v to_o the_o principal_a tacks-man_n january_n 30._o 1663._o riccart_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o udnie_n here_o the_o warning_n be_v by_o a_o singular_a
right_n yet_o they_o be_v affect_v with_o back-bond_n grant_v by_o the_o tacks-man_n which_o be_v relevant_a againstthe_v tacks-mans_n singular_a successor_n though_o neither_o registrat_n nor_o intimate_fw-la january_n 8._o 1668._o margaret_n forbes_n contra_fw-la it_o remain_v now_o to_o consider_v how_o tack_n be_v destitute_a and_o take_v off_o and_o first_o as_o to_o the_o point_n of_o right_n next_o as_o to_o possession_n as_o to_o the_o point_n of_o right_n we_o shall_v not_o speak_v of_o the_o nullity_n of_o tack_n by_o which_o they_o be_v never_o true_o constitute_v and_o so_o need_v not_o be_v destitute_a but_o when_o they_o have_v once_o a_o real_a be_v they_o cease_v first_o by_o any_o deed_n contrary_a to_o the_o tenor_n or_o nature_n thereof_o as_o have_v be_v before_o show_v in_o rental_n which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o ordinary_a tack_n unless_o there_o be_v a_o clause_n irritant_fw-la and_o that_o be_v declare_v and_o so_o be_v not_o competent_a by_o exception_n spot_n hic_fw-la robert_n stevinson_n contra_fw-la alexander_n barcley_n 32._o second_o they_o become_v void_a by_o not_o payment_n of_o the_o tack-duty_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o a_o feu_n right_o by_o the_o delay_n of_o two_o year_n unless_o the_o tacks-man_n offer_v payment_n at_o such_o a_o time_n november_n 23._o 1629._o romanno_fw-mi contra_fw-la nisbit_n 33._o three_o if_o the_o tacks-man_n be_v pursue_v to_o find_v caution_n for_o the_o duty_n rest_v and_o in_o time_n come_v if_o he_o find_v no_o caution_n the_o tack_v become_v void_a and_o he_o may_v be_v remove_v summary_o without_o warning_n this_o be_v also_o sustain_v against_o a_o back-tack_n in_o wodsetts_n though_o have_v no_o clause_n irritant_fw-la hope_n confirmation_n sir_n thomas_n dischingtoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o pitmeden_n idem_fw-la william_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o argile_n it_o be_v also_o sustain_v though_o the_o duty_n be_v small_a the_o ground_n plenish_v and_o but_o one_o year_n rest_v february_n 27._o 1627._o lawson_n contra_fw-la scot._n but_o it_o be_v not_o sustainable_a where_o there_o be_v no_o bygones_n rest_v neither_o be_v it_o sustain_v unless_o a_o year_n be_v rest_v the_o time_n of_o the_o citation_n at_o least_o at_o litiscontestation_n albeit_o the_o tacks-man_n be_v bankrupt_a and_o in_o prison_n for_o debt_n january_n 3._o 1672._o lady_n binnie_n contra_fw-la heugh_n sinclar_fw-la 34._o four_o tack_n ceass_n by_o the_o expyre_a of_o the_o term_n thereof_o and_o the_o setter_n warning_n or_o other_o deed_n to_o take_v off_o tacit_a relocation_n or_o the_o tenant_n renounciation_n the_o form_n whereof_o be_v the_o tennent_fw-fr forty_o day_n before_o whitsonday_n subscrive_v and_o deliver_v to_o his_o master_n a_o renunciation_n of_o his_o tack_n and_o possession_n consent_v that_o he_o enter_v braevi_fw-la manu_fw-la without_o hazard_n of_o ejection_n whereupon_o there_o must_v be_v take_v a_o instrument_n of_o renunciation_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o nottar_n as_o a_o solemnity_n requisite_a which_o be_v sufficient_a to_o instruct_v the_o overgive_n astbeing_n the_o habile_fw-la way_n approven_v in_o law_n albeit_o in_o other_o case_n not_o approven_v in_o law_n instrument_n of_o nottar_n prove_v not_o the_o deed_n of_o the_o party_n in_o this_o case_n it_o avoid_v the_o tack_n and_o be_v probable_a by_o instrument_n if_o the_o tack_n be_v expire_v but_o during_o the_o tack_n the_o instrument_n will_v not_o prove_v the_o acceptance_n of_o the_o renunciation_n 35._o five_o tack_n be_v take_v off_o by_o the_o contrary_a consent_n of_o both_o party_n though_o they_o be_v not_o expire_v as_o when_o they_o be_v real_o leave_v by_o the_o tennent_fw-fr and_o possess_v by_o the_o master_n or_o when_o by_o write_v they_o be_v renunce_v and_o accept_v for_o verbal_a renunciation_n may_v be_v resile_v from_o before_o they_o be_v perfect_v in_o write_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o verbal_a tack_n may_v and_o much_o more_o promise_n to_o renunce_v this_o way_n of_o renunciation_n be_v express_v and_o direct_v 36._o six_o tack_n be_v take_v away_o by_o tacit_a and_o employ_v renunciation_n and_o by_o pass_v therefrom_o as_o by_o take_v a_o posterior_n tack_n for_o few_o year_n and_o make_v use_n thereof_o albeit_o but_o a_o minute_n not_o by_o contract_n nor_o subscribe_v by_o the_o tacksman_n nor_o in_o his_o hand_n but_o his_o acceptance_n prove_v by_o witness_n and_o by_o pay_v conform_a january_n 17._o 1632._o earl_n of_o lawderdail_n contra_fw-la waterstoun_n by_o accept_v a_o posterior_n factory_a of_o the_o same_o land_n hope_v action_n of_o reduction_n earl_n of_o tillibairn_n contra_fw-la james_n dalzel_n by_o pay_v a_o great_a duty_n february_n 27._o 1610._o atcheson_n of_o gossoord_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n lethem_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n but_o not_o by_o pay_v of_o more_o present_n ibid_fw-la robert_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o melburn_n neither_o by_o sub-tennent_n pay_v a_o great_a duty_n without_o warrant_n of_o the_o principal_a tennent_n june_n 5._o 1611._o laird_n of_o phairnieherst_n contra_fw-la minister_n of_o innerkeithing_n also_o by_o take_v a_o heritable_a right_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n but_o it_o hold_v not_o if_o the_o heritable_a right_n be_v reduce_v for_o then_o the_o tack_v revive_v spot_n apprize_a laird_n of_o garthland_n contra_fw-la campbel_n neither_o be_v it_o take_v off_o by_o a_o posterior_n apprize_a in_o the_o tacks-mans_n person_n see_v it_o be_v satisfy_v and_o declare_v extinct_a against_o he_o last_o of_o february_n 1623._o brice_n semple_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o closseburn_n 37._o tack_n be_v take_v off_o as_o to_o possession_n by_o remove_v of_o the_o tenant_n either_o voluntarly_a as_o be_v before_o express_v or_o more_o ordinary_o judicial_o by_o process_n of_o remove_v which_o be_v most_o frequent_a and_o important_a and_o therefore_o be_v reserve_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o together_o in_o this_o place_n though_o there_o be_v diverse_a kind_n of_o remove_n have_v respect_n to_o diverse_a title_n for_o though_o remove_v be_v competent_a against_o all_o possessor_n whether_o possess_v without_o any_o title_n or_o by_o a_o insufficient_a title_n as_o a_o invalide_a infeftment_n or_o the_o like_a yet_o the_o rise_v thereof_o be_v for_o remove_v of_o tenant_n 38._o remove_v be_v either_o summar_n without_o warning_n or_o solemn_a upon_o warning_n again_o summar_n remove_v be_v either_o by_o paction_n or_o law_n by_o paction_n when_o it_o be_v so_o agree_v by_o the_o tack_v or_o other_o write_v that_o the_o tenant_n shall_v remove_v at_o such_o a_o term_n without_o warning_n which_o will_v be_v sufficient_a at_o that_o time_n craig_n hic_fw-la this_o will_v hold_v upon_o disposition_n whereupon_o the_o disponer_n may_v be_v compel_v to_o remove_v summary_o without_o any_o such_o express_a clause_n which_o be_v also_o extend_v in_o favour_n of_o appryzer_n against_o their_o debtor_n possess_v a_o house_n march_z 26._o 1612._o january_n 18._o 1623._o earl_n of_o lothian_n contra_fw-la sir_n john_n ker_n and_o his_o son_n but_o it_o be_v more_o questionable_a whether_o it_o will_v be_v sufficient_a at_o any_o time_n thereafter_o if_o the_o tennent_n be_v suffer_v to_o possess_v per_fw-la tacitum_fw-la relocationem_fw-la especial_o see_v the_o statute_n for_o warning_n be_v a_o public_a law_n introduce_v for_o the_o good_a of_o poor_a tenant_n who_o rusticity_n be_v excusable_a if_o they_o advert_v not_o to_o anterior_a paction_n nam_fw-la pacta_fw-la privatorum_fw-la non_fw-la derogant_fw-la juri_fw-la communi_fw-la yet_o upon_o the_o contrary_a cuique_fw-la libet_fw-la 〈◊〉_d juri_fw-la pro_fw-la se_fw-la introducto_fw-la betwixt_o which_o i_o conceive_v this_o temperament_n will_v hold_v that_o such_o paction_n though_o recent_a may_v be_v effectual_a at_o the_o precise_a term_n or_o at_o any_o term_n or_o time_n thereafter_o upon_o intimation_n if_o it_o be_v so_o agree_v upon_o in_o write_n for_o promise_n in_o this_o case_n may_v be_v resile_v from_o as_o before_o be_v show_v but_o in_o either_o case_n the_o tennent_n must_v have_v intimation_n before_o the_o term_n which_o will_v suffice_v without_o the_o solemnity_n of_o warning_n but_o it_o must_v be_v of_o that_o length_n that_o the_o tennent_fw-fr may_v provide_v for_o himself_o and_o remove_v his_o good_n which_o will_v be_v in_o the_o arbitrament_n of_o the_o judge_n and_o i_o suppose_v that_o they_o will_v walk_v most_o fair_o and_o safe_o who_o shall_v intimate_v the_o same_o to_o the_o tennent_n forty_o day_n before_o the_o term_n or_o otherways_o all_o the_o effect_n be_v like_a to_o be_v that_o he_o will_v be_v discern_v to_o remove_v at_o the_o next_o whitsonday_n after_o the_o process_n without_o violent_a profit_n as_o use_n to_o be_v do_v when_o there_o be_v any_o probable_a excuse_n for_o the_o tenant_n not_o remove_v summar_n remove_v be_v competent_a by_o law_n without_o paction_n in_o all_o case_n where_o the_o statute_n appoint_v warning_n take_v no_o place_n which_o be_v chief_o regulate_v
by_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o statute_n that_o tenant_n be_v not_o put_v at_o unaworse_a to_o seek_v their_o habitation_n or_o at_o a_o unseasonable_a time_n of_o the_o year_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a in_o several_a case_n first_o where_o the_o possessor_n be_v not_o tennent_n but_o a_o vicious_a possessor_n or_o where_o the_o possessor_n have_v nothing_o but_o a_o insufficient_a infeftment_n or_o tolerance_n for_o the_o statute_n be_v only_o in_o favour_n of_o tenant_n who_o be_v liable_a for_o mail_n and_o duty_n second_o warn_v be_v not_o find_v necessary_a for_o remove_v possessor_n from_o a_o tower_n or_o fortalice_n though_o set_v in_o tack_v hope_v hic_fw-la lady_n saltoun_n contra_fw-la mr._n william_n livingstoun_n or_o from_o a_o coal_n ibid._n wolmet_n contra_fw-la niddrie_n or_o from_o the_o possession_n of_o a_o liferenters_n house_n or_o land_n after_o the_o liferenters_n death_n and_o that_o upon_o supplication_n it_o be_v obtain_v without_o process_n hope_v liserent_a prestoun_n contra_fw-la cockpen_n and_o this_o be_v competent_a at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o liferenter_fw-la against_o these_o who_o continue_v the_o possession_n of_o a_o former_a liferenter_fw-la after_o her_o death_n january_n 12._o 1622._o lady_n kincaid_n contra_fw-la her_o tenant_n the_o like_a but_o to_o take_v effect_n at_o whitsonday_n after_o the_o process_n against_o a_o liferenters_n servant_n possess_v without_o a_o tack_v in_o write_v and_o also_o without_o violent_a profit_n february_n 16._o 1628._o thomson_n contra_fw-la merstoun_n but_o if_o the_o possession_n from_o the_o liferenter_fw-la be_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o tack_v the_o possessor_n must_v be_v warn_v as_o have_v be_v show_v among_o the_o effect_n of_o tack_n remove_v be_v also_o competent_a by_o source_n of_o of_o law_n upon_o a_o process_n to_o find_v caution_n for_o the_o rent_n or_o to_o remove_v of_o which_o before_o as_o to_o what_o be_v special_a in_o tack_n of_o teind_n have_v be_v consider_v in_o that_o title_n the_o prime_a kind_n of_o remove_v be_v that_o which_o be_v solemn_a upon_o warn_v for_o clear_v whereof_o we_o shall_v first_o consider_v the_o order_n pre-required_n second_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi three_o the_o exception_n of_o the_o defender_n four_o the_o effect_n of_o remove_v 39_o the_o order_n of_o remove_v of_o old_a be_v thus_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n do_v only_o verbal_o intimate_v to_o the_o tennent_n to_o remove_v at_o the_o next_o whitsonday_n and_o the_o only_a solemnity_n requisite_a be_v that_o before_o the_o say_a term_n he_o appear_v before_o the_o door_n of_o the_o tennent_n and_o break_v a_o lance_n there_o as_o a_o symbol_n of_o his_o break_v the_o tacit_a relocation_n betwixt_o they_o whereupon_o the_o second_o day_n after_o whitsonday_n he_o come_v braevi_fw-la manu_fw-la and_o expel_v the_o tennent_fw-fr or_o at_o least_o lay_v out_o some_o of_o his_o good_n to_o complete_a the_o solemnity_n of_o his_o remove_n craig_n hic_fw-la hence_o arise_v many_o quarrel_n violence_n and_o breach_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n when_o the_o tennent_fw-fr have_v any_o reason_n or_o pretence_n for_o which_o not_o to_o remove_v or_o otherways_o be_v unwilling_a and_o not_o compel_v by_o law_n or_o public_a authority_n but_o by_o private_a force_n 40._o for_o remeid_v whereof_o that_o excellent_a statute_n concern_v warning_n and_o remove_v of_o tenant_n be_v make_v par._n 1555._o cap._n 39_o prescrive_v the_o order_n of_o remove_v thus_o that_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n give_v a_o precept_n of_o warning_n in_o write_v command_v his_o officer_n which_o may_v be_v any_o person_n he_o please_v for_o who_o name_n a_o blank_a be_v set_v in_o the_o precept_n to_o go_v forty_o day_n precede_v whitsonday_n and_o intimate_v to_o the_o tennent_fw-fr that_o he_o remove_v himself_o his_o family_n sub-tennent_n good_n and_o gear_n at_o the_o say_a term_n and_o leave_v the_o tenement_n void_a and_o red_a that_o the_o warner_n may_v enter_v in_o possession_n this_o may_v be_v do_v either_o personnal_o or_o at_o his_o dwell_a house_n second_o the_o precept_n must_v authorise_v the_o officer_n to_o make_v the_o say_a denounciation_n forty_o day_n before_o the_o term_n upon_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n leave_v a_o copy_n thereof_o affix_v thereupon_o and_o by_o the_o same_o space_n it_o must_v be_v do_v at_o the_o kirk-door_n at_o the_o time_n of_o dissolve_v the_o congregation_n from_o the_o first_o sermon_n leave_v a_o copy_n thereof_o affix_v upon_o the_o kirk-door_n all_o which_o must_v be_v do_v before_o two_o witness_n require_v for_o that_o effect_n and_o execution_n make_v conform_v by_o the_o officer_n which_o without_o any_o other_o instrument_n or_o solemnity_n do_v sufficient_o prove_v unless_o it_o be_v improven_v upon_o this_o order_n the_o pursuer_fw-mi have_v a_o privilege_a action_n upon_o six_o day_n warn_v only_o without_o continuation_n par._n 1555._o cap._n 39_o and_o that_o because_o of_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o dispatch_n that_o the_o new_a tenant_n who_o have_v take_v may_v be_v put_v in_o possession_n and_o the_o land_n not_o left_a waste_n both_o to_o public_a and_o private_a detriment_n this_o order_n must_v be_v use_v though_o the_o term_n of_o the_o tack_v be_v not_o at_o whitsonday_n but_o at_o martimess_n or_o candlesmess_n and_o it_o will_v not_o suffice_v to_o be_v make_v forty_o day_n before_o these_o term_n june_n 15._o 1631._o ramsay_n contra_fw-la weir_n the_o reason_n hereof_o be_v because_o the_o warning_n be_v appoint_v that_o the_o tenant_n may_v timeous_o provide_v for_o themselves_o which_o can_v be_v but_o before_o whitsonday_n the_o ordinary_a time_n land_n use_v to_o be_v set_v if_o the_o party_n remove_v be_v out_o of_o the_o country_n it_o will_v suffice_v to_o warn_v they_o upon_o the_o ground_n and_o at_o the_o kirk-door_n upon_o forty_o day_n but_o the_o citation_n must_v be_v upon_o sixty_o day_n which_o be_v consequent_a from_o the_o statute_n which_o prescrive_v nothing_o different_a from_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o law_n in_o the_o case_n of_o party_n out_o of_o the_o country_n it_o be_v so_o decide_v january_n 11._o 1622._o laird_n of_o faldenside_n contra_fw-la bimerside_n february_n 20._o 1666._o mebrair_a contra_fw-la sir_n robert_n chrightoun_n alias_o murray_n this_o statute_n reach_v not_o warning_n from_o tenement_n within_o burgh_n which_o be_v regulat_fw-la by_o the_o custom_n of_o burgh_n thus_o the_o town_n officer_n by_o command_n of_o a_o bailie_n though_o without_o write_v warn_v only_o at_o the_o tenement_n forty_o day_n precede_v whitsonday_n and_o in_o evidence_n thereof_o use_v to_o chalk_n the_o door_n craig_n hic_fw-la nicolson_n remove_v andrew_z ker_n contra_fw-la euphan_n moor_n this_o be_v extend_v to_o a_o house_n within_o burgh_n of_o barony_n july_n 18._o 1634._o mr._n john_n hart_n contra_fw-la nor_n be_v warn_v before_o whitsonday_n find_v necessary_a for_o remove_v a_o tennent_fw-fr from_o a_o soap-work_n november_n 21._o 1671._o james_n riddel_n contra_fw-la charles_n zinzan_n 41._o we_o come_v now_o to_o the_o tit._n requisite_a for_o remove_v which_o must_v be_v a_o real_a right_n of_o the_o ground_n except_o the_o question_n be_v against_o a_o party_n who_o be_v personal_o oblige_v to_o remove_v and_o therefore_o first_o there_o need_v no_o title_n against_o such_o party_n who_o have_v the_o possession_n from_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi for_o these_o can_v never_o question_v his_o title_n who_o interest_n depend_v thereupon_o but_o acknowledge_v he_o by_o payment_n of_o mail_n and_o duty_n will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a without_o a_o right_n in_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi second_o a_o personal_a or_o incomplete_a right_n be_v a_o sufficient_a title_n for_o remove_v against_o the_o grant_a of_o it_o or_o his_o heir_n if_o it_o contain_v a_o clause_n to_o remove_v or_o put_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi in_o possession_n express_o or_o by_o consequence_n three_o infeftment_n of_o property_n or_o liferent_a be_v a_o sufficient_a title_n in_o remove_v and_o that_o upon_o production_n of_o the_o seasine_a only_o where_o the_o defender_n show_v no_o better_a right_n nicol._n remove_v adam_z wat_fw-mi contra_fw-la ord_n but_o the_o seasine_a must_v be_v both_o before_o the_o warning_n and_o the_o term_n except_o first_o in_o the_o case_n of_o heir_n this_o be_v a_o possessory_a judgement_n and_o a_o continuance_n of_o the_o predecessor_n possession_n so_o that_o the_o tennent_n can_v be_v in_o doubt_n or_o hazard_v to_o quit_v the_o possession_n as_o he_o may_v be_v in_o other_o case_n where_o he_o may_v be_v liable_a both_o for_o the_o rent_n and_o render_v the_o possession_n to_o another_o party_n and_o so_o it_o be_v sustain_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o heir_n though_o his_o retour_fw-fr and_o seasine_n be_v after_o the_o warning_n february_n 9_o 1610._o earl_n of_o kingborn_n contra_fw-la arbuthnet_n hope_v hic_fw-la john_n small_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o
be_v not_o waken_v every_o five_o year_n for_o such_o prescrive_v in_o ten_o year_n by_o the_o act_n 9_o par._n 1669._o the_o exception_n of_o remove_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v very_o frequent_a and_o various_a for_o it_o be_v ordinary_o propon_v and_o sustain_v that_o the_o defender_n be_v tenant_n by_o payment_n of_o mail_n and_o duty_n to_o a_o three_o party_n who_o be_v not_o warn_v nor_o call_v neither_o be_v they_o put_v to_o dispute_v their_o master_n right_o to_o be_v valide_fw-la which_o hold_v whether_o his_o right_n be_v a_o infeftment_n liferent-right_a or_o tack_v and_o though_o the_o tennent_n have_v be_v put_v to_o condescend_v what_o the_o right_n be_v and_o that_o in_o specie_fw-la it_o be_v a_o valide_fw-la right_o though_o he_o need_v not_o dispute_v the_o particular_a defect_n of_o it_o nor_o the_o competition_n of_o it_o with_o any_o other_o right_o that_o have_v be_v do_v that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi might_n know_v how_o to_o quarrel_v their_o master_n right_o but_o i_o have_v never_o observe_v that_o litiscontestation_n have_v be_v make_v or_o a_o term_n assign_v to_o tenant_n to_o instruct_v their_o master_n right_o therefore_o this_o defence_n be_v but_o dilatory_a and_o shall_v not_o be_v sustain_v unless_o instant_o verify_v by_o tack_n or_o discharge_v from_o the_o allege_a master_n which_o will_v be_v repel_v if_o the_o tenant_n have_v intervert_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi or_o his_o author_n possession_n or_o if_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v singular_a successor_n not_o presume_v to_o know_v any_o interest_n but_o of_o the_o possessor_n if_o the_o tennent_n produce_v his_o master_n seasine_n with_o his_o tack_v or_o discharge_v it_o will_v instruct_v this_o dilator_n which_o be_v sufficient_a upon_o the_o not_o call_v the_o tenants_n master_n for_o his_o not_o be_v warn_v be_v proper_a for_o himself_o to_o allege_v and_o the_o party_n will_v in_o the_o same_o process_n get_v warrant_n to_o cite_v that_o master_n who_o must_v defend_v himself_o upon_o his_o own_o right_n and_o therefore_o this_o defence_n be_v sustain_v to_o tenant_n though_o they_o condescend_v upon_o no_o other_o right_n to_o their_o master_n but_o tacit_a relocation_n december_n 2._o 1628._o mr._n walter_n whitefoord_n contra_fw-la laird_n johnstoun_n it_o have_v also_o be_v sometime_o sustain_v that_o the_o defender_n be_v tenant_n by_o payment_n of_o mail_n and_o duty_n to_o a_o appryzer_n though_o not_o infeft_v hope_n hic_fw-la crawfoord_v contra_fw-la brown_n this_o exception_n be_v also_o elide_v by_o this_o reply_n that_o the_o defender_n have_v acknowledge_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi by_o payment_n of_o mail_n and_o duty_n nicol_n hic_fw-la lady_n evandale_n contra_fw-la her_o tenant_n it_o be_v also_o elide_v by_o allege_v that_o the_o defender_n master_n right_o be_v reduce_v at_o the_o pursuer_n instance_n december_n 12._o 1622._o spading_n contra_fw-la fleming_n the_o like_a where_o his_o right_n be_v reduce_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o pursuer_n author_n spot_n hic_fw-la maxwel_fw-mi contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o glassock_n earl_n of_o nithisdale_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n the_o exception_n against_o remove_v upon_o the_o defender_n own_o right_a be_v either_o in_o respect_n of_o his_o right_n to_o the_o land_n in_o question_n or_o to_o the_o other_o land_n brook_v by_o he_o pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la with_o it_o for_o the_o first_o there_o be_v as_o many_o such_o defence_n as_o there_o be_v right_n competent_a for_o defend_v possession_n and_o they_o be_v either_o found_v upon_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n which_o how_o conpetent_fw-la may_v be_v see_v at_o large_a title_n infeftment_n 13._o §_o 82._o which_o need_v not_o to_o be_v repeat_v or_o if_o that_o be_v not_o competent_a the_o defender_n must_v found_v himself_o upon_o the_o point_n of_o right_n which_o ordinary_o infer_v a_o competition_n of_o right_n but_o in_o either_o case_n the_o defence_n will_v not_o be_v sustain_v upon_o any_o right_n if_o the_o possession_n be_v not_o attain_v there_o upon_o bat_n upon_o the_o pursuer_n right_a which_o possession_n must_v be_v restore_v and_o the_o defender_n leave_v to_o his_o action_n upon_o the_o other_o right_a as_o accord_n as_o if_o after_o redemption_n of_o a_o temporary_a right_n whereby_o the_o defender_n enter_v in_o possession_n he_o shall_v defend_v upon_o another_o right_n which_o will_v not_o be_v sustain_v in_o this_o possessory_a judgdement_n against_o he_o or_o his_o successor_n from_o who_o he_o have_v the_o possession_n november_n 22._o 1677._o sir_n archibald_n stuart_n of_o castlemilk_n contra_fw-la duke_n of_o hamiltoun_n the_o exception_n pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la be_v very_o pregnant_a and_o take_v not_o only_a place_n in_o solemn_a remove_n but_o in_o the_o action_n to_o find_v caution_n for_o mail_n and_o duty_n or_o to_o remove_v though_o the_o excipient_fw-la have_v take_v tack_n from_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi december_n 6._o 1623._o 〈…〉_z contra_fw-la carmichael_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o find_v relevant_a to_o stop_v remove_v from_o the_o pursuer_n part_v of_o a_o coal-heugh_a in_o land_n undevide_v because_o the_o coal_n be_v divisible_a by_o measure_n as_o they_o be_v raise_v out_o of_o the_o coal-pot_n spot_n remove_n hugh_z somervel_v contra_fw-la dickson_n neither_o be_v it_o find_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v a_o relict_n in_o possession_n of_o a_o house_n which_o can_v not_o be_v divide_v whereof_o she_o have_v a_o three_o part_n and_o possess_v the_o other_o two_o thirâ—s_o pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la but_o the_o fire_n have_v the_o two_o three_o be_v to_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o possession_n pay_v she_o the_o three_o of_o the_o mail_n upon_o condition_n that_o if_o he_o seâ—_n the_o tenement_n she_o shall_v be_v prefer_v give_v as_o much_o mail_n as_o another_o january_n 26._o 1665._o legan_n contra_fw-la galbraith_n the_o last_o exception_n against_o remove_v be_v obedience_n by_o voluntary_a remove_n conform_v to_o the_o warning_n and_o leave_v the_o land_n void_a and_o red_a at_o the_o term_n without_o necessity_n of_o a_o renunciation_n in_o write_v march_z 2._o 1637._o keith_n contra_fw-la simpson_n the_o like_a the_o defender_n find_v caution_n to_o desist_v from_o the_o possession_n nicol._n de_fw-fr migrando_fw-la wallace_n contra_fw-la mitchel_n but_o the_o alledgeance_n of_o obedience_n be_v not_o find_v relevant_a upon_o a_o exception_n bear_v that_o the_o land_n be_v leave_v void_a and_o red_a at_o the_o term_n see_v that_o it_o bear_v not_o that_o the_o possession_n be_v offer_v to_o the_o charger_n in_o respect_n that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o remove_n another_o party_n enter_v in_o his_o vice_n january_n penult_v 1624._o greenlaw_n contra_fw-la adamson_n but_o the_o obedience_n must_v be_v full_a according_a to_o the_o warn_n by_o the_o defender_n remove_v himself_o his_o family_n sub-tennent_n and_o cottar_n good_n and_o gear_n so_o that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi may_v enter_v in_o possession_n and_o therefore_o decreet_a will_v be_v obtain_v against_o the_o principal_a tacks-man_n and_o the_o letter_n still_o put_v to_o execution_n against_o he_o till_o all_o these_o be_v remove_v and_o if_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi please_fw-mi he_o may_v pursue_v they_o to_o remove_v without_o other_o warning_n then_o what_o be_v make_v to_o the_o principal_a tacks-man_n so_o it_o be_v sustain_v against_o a_o son_n upon_o a_o warn_n against_o his_o father_n even_o after_o his_o father_n death_n january_n 26._o 1630._o hoom_n contra_fw-la hoom._n as_o to_o the_o last_o point_n concern_v the_o effect_n of_o decreet_n of_o remove_v it_o be_v not_o only_o the_o attain_n possession_n of_o the_o land_n itself_o but_o sometime_o also_o the_o corn_n grow_v thereupon_o as_o be_v a_o part_n thereof_o be_v a_o possession_n violent_a hope_v spuilzie_n john_n elliot_n contra_fw-la lord_n balcleugh_n yea_o of_o the_o hay_n of_o that_o crop_v though_o separate_v and_o stack_v by_o the_o person_n remove_v hope_v spuilzie_n sir_n james_n balmuire_v contra_fw-la williamson_n but_o the_o main_a effect_n be_v the_o obtain_v the_o violent_a profit_n of_o the_o land_n until_o the_o possessor_n obedience_n and_o that_o both_o against_o these_o who_o be_v warn_v and_o against_o these_o who_o succeed_v in_o the_o vice_n of_o warn_v or_o remove_v tenant_n 44._o violent_a profit_n be_v so_o call_v because_o they_o be_v such_o profit_n as_o be_v due_a by_o and_o for_o violent_a possessioa_n whatsoever_o way_n it_o be_v by_o warning_n and_o remove_v ejection_n intrusion_n or_o succeed_v in_o the_o vice_n and_o they_o be_v opposite_a to_o ordinary_a profit_n which_o be_v due_a by_o tacit_n relocation_n or_o be_v former_o accustom_v to_o be_v pay_v violent_a profit_n be_v pursue_v for_o by_o a_o several_a action_n after_o the_o decreet_a of_o remove_v be_v obtain_v wherein_o the_o decreet_a of_o remove_v be_v both_o a_o sufficient_a title_n and_o probation_n of_o the_o violent_a possession_n against_o the_o party_n
thereto_o as_o dury_n observe_v but_o express_v not_o the_o party_n july_n 22._o 1626._o as_o to_o the_o contrair_a decision_n observe_v by_o craig_n it_o say_v nothing_o see_v the_o first_o infeftment_n upon_o the_o last_o resignation_n be_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o resigner_n son_n and_o so_o inter_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v fraudulent_a which_o will_v not_o hold_v so_o if_o that_o son_n have_v be_v a_o stranger_n acquire_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la for_o a_o cause_n onerous_a so_o then_o the_o resignation_n in_o 〈◊〉_d do_v not_o denude_v the_o resigner_n of_o the_o real_a right_n but_o be_v incomplete_a till_o infeftment_n follow_v and_o therefore_o a_o personal_a renunciation_n of_o he_o in_o who_o favour_n it_o be_v will_v full_o evacuat_v the_o resignation_n and_o make_v the_o resigner_n infeftment_n as_o entire_a as_o at_o first_o which_o can_v not_o be_v without_o a_o new_a infeftment_n if_o the_o resigner_n have_v be_v divest_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o resignation_n ad_fw-la remanentiam_fw-la the_o superior_n simple_a renunciation_n or_o discharge_v thereof_o can_v not_o revive_v the_o vassalsprior_fw-la infeftment_n but_o he_o behove_v to_o be_v infeft_v the_o 〈◊〉_d and_o though_o after_o the_o resignation_n till_o it_o be_v pass_v from_o or_o infeftment_n follow_v the_o land_n be_v in_o nonentry_n it_o will_v not_o conclude_v that_o the_o resigner_n be_v denude_v and_o the_o fee_n be_v in_o the_o superior_a more_o than_o other_o non-entry_n which_o give_v not_o the_o superior_a the_o property_n but_o a_o casuality_n of_o the_o fee_n in_o what_o case_n disposition_n of_o movable_n or_o land_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v simulate_v or_o fraudulent_a have_v be_v show_v before_o title_n reparation_n upon_o circumvention_n or_o fraud_n wherein_o retention_n of_o possession_n in_o movable_n be_v a_o main_a ground_n for_o presume_v simulation_n especial_o in_o gift_n of_o escheat_n yet_o if_o the_o disposition_n of_o movable_n bear_v express_o to_o take_v effect_n after_o the_o disponers_n death_n retention_n of_o possession_n will_v not_o annul_v it_o neither_o will_v it_o be_v esteem_v as_o a_o legacy_n or_o donatio_fw-la mortis_fw-la causa_fw-la if_o death_n be_v the_o term_n and_o not_o the_o consideration_n of_o it_o and_o it_o be_v not_o find_v ptejudge_v by_o the_o disponer_n universal_a legacy_n march_v 8._o 1626._o traquair_n contra_fw-la traquair_n 13._o so_o much_o for_o conventional_a conveyance_n of_o real_a right_n judicial_a conveyance_n of_o real_a right_n be_v competent_a not_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n which_o can_v be_v alienate_v without_o consent_n of_o the_o owner_n and_o in_o the_o case_n of_o infeftment_n hold_v of_o the_o superior_a without_o his_o consent_n who_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o receive_v any_o to_o be_v his_o vassal_n but_o the_o heir_n and_o successor_n of_o the_o first_o vassal_n provide_v in_o the_o first_o investiture_n and_o though_o the_o investiture_n bear_v also_o the_o vassal_n heir_n and_o assigney_n yet_o the_o superior_a can_v thereupon_o be_v compel_v direct_o to_o receive_v a_o singular_a successor_n assigney_n be_v only_o mean_v such_o assigney_n to_o who_o the_o disposition_n shall_v be_v assign_v before_o infeftment_n thereon_o as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o recognition_n lady_n carnagy_n contra_fw-la cranburn_n february_n 5._o 1663._o but_o law_n have_v introduce_v in_o favour_n of_o creditor_n judicial_a conveyance_n require_v no_o consent_n but_o authority_n of_o law_n which_o have_v also_o its_o foundation_n in_o natural_a equity_n by_o which_o as_o obligation_n be_v effectual_a for_o exaction_n of_o what_o be_v thereby_o due_a so_o be_v there_o be_v no_o positive_a law_n norcustom_v the_o creditor_n may_v exact_v either_o what_o be_v due_a in_o specie_fw-la or_o the_o equivalent_a and_o therefore_o reprysal_n betwixt_o nation_n not_o govern_v by_o one_o common_a authority_n be_v lawful_a and_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o nation_n extend_v not_o only_o against_o the_o party_n injurer_n who_o be_v oblige_v to_o repair_v but_o against_o all_o the_o subject_n of_o his_o sovereign_n if_o he_o do_v not_o cause_v reparation_n to_o be_v make_v the_o judicial_a transmission_n of_o movable_n be_v by_o poind_v which_o be_v a_o legal_a execution_n we_o shall_v leave_v it_o to_o that_o place_n arrestment_n and_o the_o action_n for_o make_v for_o the_o come_n do_v also_o transmit_v moveable_n but_o be_v rather_o proper_a to_o personal_a right_n and_o so_o be_v competent_a against_o the_o haver_n of_o movable_n by_o reason_n of_o that_o personal_a obligation_n of_o restitution_n which_o be_v upon_o the_o haver_n to_o the_o owner_n beside_o his_o own_o property_n of_o old_a alienation_n of_o land_n for_o money_n be_v very_o rare_a in_o scotland_n or_o the_o contract_n of_o considerable_a debt_n for_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n do_v then_o live_v in_o a_o plain_a and_o sober_a way_n content_v themselves_o with_o that_o which_o their_o own_o estate_n do_v afford_v and_o there_o be_v then_o know_v no_o legal_a execution_n for_o debt_n against_o land_n or_o heritable_a right_n but_o only_o against_o movable_n by_o the_o brieff_a of_o distress_n or_o poynd_n by_o which_o not_o only_o the_o movable_n of_o the_o debtor_n be_v poynd_v for_o his_o debt_n but_o all_o the_o movable_n upon_o his_o land_n belong_v to_o his_o tenant_n as_o appear_v from_o act_n 36._o par._n 1469._o bear_v this_o title_n that_o the_o poor_a tenant_n shall_v pay_v no_o further_o than_o their_o term_n mail_n for_o their_o lord_n debt_n by_o the_o brieff_n of_o distress_n which_o be_v correctory_n of_o the_o former_a custom_n whereby_o the_o good_n and_o cattle_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v distrenzy_v for_o their_o lord_n debt_n though_o their_o mail_n extend_v not_o to_o the_o avail_n of_o the_o debt_n and_o that_o not_o only_o for_o real_a debt_n affect_v the_o ground_n by_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_a feu-duty_n or_o casualty_n of_o superiority_n or_o other_o debita_fw-la fundi_fw-la for_o which_o the_o movable_n of_o the_o tenant_n and_o possessor_n may_v yet_o be_v poynd_v for_o the_o lord_n debt_n not_o exceed_v their_o term_n mail_n which_o be_v ordinary_o in_o their_o hand_n or_o if_o pay_v may_v be_v allow_v in_o the_o next_o term_n but_o for_o the_o heritor_n personal_a debt_n for_o by_o the_o act_n the_o debtor_n moveable_n in_o that_o or_o any_o other_o barony_n or_o shire_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v poynd_v for_o satisfy_v of_o the_o debt_n but_o debita_fw-la fundi_fw-la can_v only_o reach_v the_o movable_n of_o the_o barony_n or_o tenement_n affect_v therewith_o and_o though_o that_o this_o act_n by_o its_o tenor_n will_v yet_o extend_v to_o poind_v of_o tenant_n movable_n for_o their_o master_n personal_a debt_n custom_n have_v restrict_v it_o only_o to_o real_a debt_n and_o it_o be_v entire_o in_o desuetude_n as_o to_o personal_a debt_n which_o can_v burden_v tenant_n but_o upon_o arrestment_n in_o so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v then_o debtor_n to_o their_o master_n before_o this_o statute_n in_o the_o year_n 1469._o there_o be_v no_o mention_n in_o our_o law_n or_o custom_n of_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n but_o apprize_a be_v thereby_o introduce_v in_o this_o manner_n that_o where_o the_o debtor_n have_v not_o movable_a good_n but_o land_n the_o sheriff_n shall_v cause_n sell_v the_o land_n to_o the_o avail_n of_o the_o debt_n and_o pay_v the_o creditor_n which_o shall_v be_v redeemable_a by_o the_o debtor_n within_o seven_o year_n and_o if_o he_o can_v find_v a_o buyer_n he_o shall_v appryze_v the_o debtor_n land_n by_o thirteen_o person_n of_o the_o best_a and_o worthy_a in_o the_o 〈◊〉_d lest_o suspect_v to_o either_o party_n and_o assign_v to_o the_o creditor_n land_n to_o the_o avail_n of_o the_o sum_n and_o the_o superior_a shall_v receive_v the_o creditor_n or_o any_o oath_n buyer_n for_o a_o year_n rent_n as_o the_o land_n be_v set_v for_o the_o time_n or_o otherways_o shall_v take_v the_o land_n to_o himself_o and_o undergo_v the_o debt_n according_a to_o this_o act_n appryzing_n do_v proceed_v by_o sheriff_n and_o baihe_n who_o for_o satisfy_v of_o debt_n liquidat_n by_o decreet_n issue_v precept_n for_o denunce_v such_o land_n to_o be_v apprise_v upon_o fifteen_o day_n warn_v conform_v to_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o denunciation_n be_v public_o read_v upon_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n before_o witness_n and_o a_o copy_n thereof_o leave_v fix_v thereupon_o and_o also_o at_o the_o mercat_n cross_n of_o the_o head_n burgh_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n where_o the_o land_n lie_v and_o to_o the_o debtor_n who_o land_n be_v to_o be_v apprise_v express_v the_o creditor_n sum_n day_n and_o place_n of_o apprize_a that_o all_o party_n interest_v may_v appear_v person_n of_o inquest_n and_o witness_n be_v also_o summon_v to_o the_o same_o diet_n and_o ordinary_o the_o place_n be_v upon_o the_o ground_n of_o
the_o land_n that_o the_o value_n and_o worth_n thereof_o may_v the_o more_o clear_o appear_v where_o after_o discuss_v of_o the_o appryzer_n claim_v the_o hability_n of_o the_o person_n of_o inquest_n and_o witness_n so_o much_o land_n be_v apprise_v and_o adjudge_v as_o be_v worth_a the_o sum_n the_o year_n rend_v to_o the_o superior_a and_o expense_n of_o infeftment_n and_o if_o the_o land_n be_v burden_v with_o any_o former_a annualrent_n whereby_o a_o proportion_n of_o land_n can_v not_o be_v apprise_v free_a of_o burden_n there_o be_v apprise_v a_o annualrent_a forth_o of_o the_o land_n effeirand_a to_o the_o sum_n and_o expense_n aforesaid_a and_o redeemable_a in_o the_o same_o manner_n which_o be_v sustain_v by_o the_o meaning_n and_o intent_n of_o the_o statute_n though_o by_o the_o word_n of_o it_o apprize_a of_o land_n be_v only_o mention_v it_o be_v ever_o extend_v to_o all_o heritable_a right_n thus_o it_o continue_v till_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n upon_o exception_n against_o the_o sheriff_n upon_o his_o interest_n relation_n or_o enimity_n or_o upon_o the_o lie_a of_o land_n in_o diverse_a jurisdiction_n for_o prevent_v of_o expense_n by_o many_o appryzing_n where_o the_o land_n in_o one_o jurisdiction_n suffice_v not_o do_v grant_v letter_n of_o apprize_a under_o the_o signet_n direct_v not_o to_o the_o ordinar_n sheriff_n but_o to_o sherift_n in_o that_o part_n which_o be_v frequent_a do_v come_v to_o run_v in_o course_n to_o messenger_n as_o sheriff_n in_o that_o part_n etc._n etc._n and_o thereby_o the_o appryzer_n in_o respect_n the_o letter_n have_v a_o blank_a for_o insert_v the_o messenger_n name_n do_v choice_n the_o messenger_n who_o do_v denunce_v all_o land_n and_o other_o heritable_a right_n which_o the_o appryzer_n pretend_v to_o belong_v to_o his_o debtor_n and_o in_o respect_n the_o letter_n bear_v dispensation_n of_o the_o place_n do_v apprise_v at_o edinhurgh_n all_o that_o the_o appryzer_n clame_v in_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o debt_n without_o knowledge_n or_o consideration_n of_o the_o value_n of_o the_o land_n or_o other_o apprise_v or_o proportion_n to_o the_o sum_n apprise_v for_o and_o thereupon_o be_v infeft_v in_o the_o whole_a and_o pay_v to_o the_o superior_a a_o composition_n for_o a_o year_n rend_v of_o the_o whole_a which_o be_v a_o considerable_a accession_n to_o the_o debtor_n debt_n and_o behove_v to_o be_v pay_v by_o he_o and_o by_o the_o say_n appryzing_n the_o appryzer_n may_v and_o oftentimes_o do_v enter_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o whole_a land_n without_o be_v countable_a for_o the_o rent_n thereof_o of_o what_o quantity_n soever_o by_o this_o abuse_n the_o intent_n of_o that_o excellent_a statute_n for_o appryzing_n be_v enervat_fw-la and_o the_o same_o turn_v in_o a_o mere_a formality_n until_o the_o par._n 1621._o cap._n 6._o which_o begin_v to_o correct_v that_o exorbitant_a abuse_n and_o declare_v appryzer_n countable_a for_o their_o intromission_n in_o so_o far_o as_o exceed_v their_o annualrent_n to_o be_v impute_v in_o their_o principal_a sum_n pro_fw-la tanto_fw-la and_o that_o they_o be_v thereby_o satisfy_v of_o their_o sum_n principal_a and_o annual_a composition_n to_o the_o superior_a and_o expense_n of_o apprize_a and_o infeftment_n that_o thereby_o the_o apprize_a shall_v expyre_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la and_o it_o be_v also_o declare_v that_o if_o the_o land_n apprise_v be_v not_o worth_a of_o free_a rent_n effeirand_a to_o the_o annualrent_a of_o the_o say_a sum_n that_o before_o redemption_n he_o shall_v be_v satisfy_v of_o the_o superplus_n by_o which_o act_n it_o be_v declare_v that_o minor_n may_v redeem_v land_n apprise_v from_o they_o at_o any_o time_n within_o their_o age_n of_o twenty_o five_o year_n complete_a yet_o so_o that_o after_o the_o first_o seven_o year_n the_o appryzer_n shall_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o whole_a mail_n and_o duty_n till_o he_o be_v redeem_v which_o have_v always_o be_v extend_v to_o land_n apprise_v from_o person_n be_v major_a if_o a_o minor_a succeed_v during_o the_o legal_a and_o if_o a_o person_n be_v major_a succeed_v to_o he_o who_o be_v minor_a he_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o reversion_n of_o seven_o year_n in_o so_o far_o as_o be_v not_o run_v in_o the_o minor_n life_n and_o if_o less_o remain_v then_o a_o year_n at_o the_o minor_n death_n the_o major_n have_v a_o full_a year_n to_o redeem_v after_o the_o minor_n death_n and_o by_o the_o act_n 1669._o of_o the_o abrogat_fw-la parliament_n 1641._o appryzer_n be_v declare_v countable_a for_o the_o rent_n of_o apprise_v land_n intromet_v with_o by_o they_o during_o all_o the_o time_n of_o the_o legal_a whether_o competent_a to_o minor_n or_o other_o and_o because_o of_o another_o great_a abuse_n by_o the_o debord_v of_o appryzing_n from_o the_o first_o institution_n that_o the_o first_o appryzer_n apprize_a the_o whole_a estate_n the_o other_o creditor_n have_v no_o more_o but_o the_o legal_a reversion_n which_o do_v ordinary_o expyre_v the_o subsequent_a creditor_n not_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v money_n to_o redeem_v the_o anterior_a appryzer_n whereby_o the_o first_o appryzer_n carry_v the_o whole_a estate_n and_o exclude_v all_o the_o rest_n and_o be_v ashamed_a to_o take_v so_o great_a a_o legal_a advantage_n and_o sometime_o not_o dare_v to_o make_v use_n of_o it_o do_v ordinary_o compone_v with_o the_o debtor_n his_o appearand_a heir_n or_o some_o confident_a to_o their_o behoof_n whereby_o the_o debtor_n heir_n recover_v his_o whole_a estate_n by_o satisfy_v one_o creditor_n and_o exclude_v all_o the_o rest_n therefore_o the_o par._n 1661._o by_o their_o act_n 62._o anent_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n declare_v that_o all_o appryzing_n deduce_v since_o the_o first_o of_o january_n 1652._o or_o to_o be_v deduce_v in_o time_n come_v within_o a_o year_n after_o the_o first_o apprize_a which_o become_v effectual_a by_o infeftment_n or_o charge_n shall_v come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la as_o if_o one_o apprize_a have_v be_v lead_v for_o all_o the_o sum_n and_o thereby_o the_o legal_a be_v extend_v to_o ten_o year_n and_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o whensoever_o the_o appearand_a heir_n or_o any_o to_o his_o behoof_n shall_v acquire_v right_a to_o any_o expyre_v apprize_a that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v redeem_v from_o they_o within_o the_o space_n of_o ten_o year_n after_o their_o acquiry_n by_o posterior_n appryzer_n upon_o payment_n of_o what_o they_o true_o pay_v in_o so_o far_o as_o shall_v not_o be_v satisfy_v by_o their_o intromission_n but_o neither_o do_v this_o statute_n cure_v the_o abuse_n of_o appryzing_n and_o therefore_o the_o act_n of_o par._n of_o the_o 6._o of_o septem_fw-la 1672._o upon_o consideration_n of_o debord_v of_o appryzing_n from_o the_o first_o design_n and_o of_o the_o great_a inconvenience_n arise_v thereby_o for_o the_o bring_n in_o of_o all_o appryzer_n within_o year_n and_o day_n do_v give_v way_n to_o break_v the_o credit_n and_o ruin_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o most_o considerable_a heretor_n in_o the_o kingdom_n that_o creditor_n be_v thereby_o invite_v under_o the_o hazard_n of_o be_v exclude_v to_o appryze_v within_o a_o year_n and_o thereby_o one_o wilful_a malicious_a or_o necessitous_a creditor_n apprize_v all_o the_o rest_n follow_v and_o entire_o brook_v their_o credit_n unless_o they_o will_v pay_v all_o their_o debt_n in_o one_o day_n therefore_o the_o parliament_n do_v in_o place_n of_o appryzing_n ordain_v adjudication_n to_o proceed_v before_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n for_o adjudge_v the_o land_n and_o other_o heritable_a right_n of_o debtor_n effeirand_a to_o the_o sum_n apprise_v for_o and_o a_o five_o part_v more_o in_o place_n of_o the_o penaltiy_n and_o sheriff-fee_n and_o allow_v witness_n for_o either_o party_n for_o clear_v of_o the_o rental_a and_o rate_n of_o the_o land_n in_o the_o several_a place_n where_o they_o lie_v and_o appoint_v the_o adjudger_n to_o have_v present_a possession_n of_o the_o land_n adjudge_v not_o be_v accountable_a for_o his_o intromission_n during_o the_o legal_a redeemable_a only_o within_o five_o year_n whereby_o the_o creditor_n have_v easy_a accress_n for_o his_o satisfaction_n without_o all_o hazard_n or_o account_n which_o have_v be_v the_o ground_n of_o many_o tedious_a process_n of_o count_n and_o reckon_a for_o the_o intromission_n of_o former_a appryzer_n and_o wherein_o the_o adjudger_n be_v to_o have_v the_o consent_n of_o his_o debtor_n both_o as_o to_o right_n and_o possession_n and_o delivery_n of_o the_o evident_n and_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o if_o the_o debtor_n do_v not_o instruct_v and_o deliver_v a_o good_a right_n and_o consent_n as_o say_v be_v that_o the_o creditor_n may_v adjudge_v all_o the_o debtor_n estate_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o to_o the_o same_o effect_n as_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1661._o between_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n we_o shall_v not_o here_o speak_v of_o
unexpyre_v not_o only_o as_o to_o his_o own_o estate_n but_o as_o to_o the_o cautioner_n estate_n february_n 10._o 1675._o lady_n torwoed-head_n contra_fw-la florence_n gardner_n 39_o but_o the_o appryzer_n have_v it_o in_o his_o option_n whether_o he_o will_v enter_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o mail_n and_o duty_n or_o will_v uplift_v more_o thereof_o than_o his_o annualrent_n yet_o if_o a_o posteriour_a appryzer_n insist_v for_o possession_n the_o first_o must_v either_o possess_v do_v diligence_n and_o be_v countable_a or_o suffer_v he_o to_o possess_v february_n 11._o 1636._o colqhoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o balvie_n but_o if_o the_o appryzer_n possess_v he_o must_v do_v diligence_n for_o the_o rent_n of_o that_o land_n he_o possess_v and_o be_v countable_a not_o only_o for_o what_o he_o intromet_v with_o but_o for_o what_o he_o may_v have_v intromet_v with_o and_o if_o the_o land_n be_v tennent-stead_n at_o his_o entry_n he_o must_v count_v according_o at_o that_o rate_n though_o thereafter_o give_v over_o and_o waste_v if_o he_o neither_o set_v nor_o labour_v they_o himself_o nor_o intimate_fw-la to_o the_o debtor_n so_o to_o do_v feb._n 9_o 1639._o brownhill_n contra_fw-la cawder_n the_o like_a find_v that_o the_o appryzer_n be_v countable_a according_a to_o the_o rental_a allow_v all_o defalcation_n jan._n 4._o 1662._o james_n seaton_n contra_fw-la antony_n roswal_n but_o where_o the_o appryzer_n enter_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o land_n waste_v he_o be_v not_o find_v countable_a according_a as_o he_o set_v they_o thereafter_o for_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o proper_a labourage_n see_v by_o the_o season_n without_o his_o fault_n he_o lose_v thereby_o decem._n 23._o 1629._o john_n dickson_n contra_fw-la young_a but_o a_o appryzer_n be_v find_v countable_a for_o the_o rental_a of_o all_o the_o tenant_n of_o a_o small_a tenement_n lie_v contigue_fw-la have_v take_v decreet_a against_o all_o the_o tenant_n and_o yet_o refuse_v to_o count_v for_o some_o particular_a room_n without_o show_v any_o hindrance_n to_o uplift_v from_o these_o which_o other_o appryzer_n call_v to_o account_n can_v not_o know_v that_o he_o have_v forbear_v these_o but_o nothing_o be_v determine_v as_o to_o the_o common_a debtor_n own_o labourage_n jan._n 14._o 1681._o schaw_n of_o grimmat_n contra_fw-la john_n mure_n writer_n yet_o where_o the_o appryzer_n be_v disturb_v in_o his_o possession_n by_o the_o debtor_n via_fw-la facti_fw-la or_o via_fw-la juris_fw-la he_o be_v not_o find_v countable_a by_o a_o rental_a but_o what_o he_o recover_v till_o he_o attain_v to_o peaceable_a possession_n jan._n 20._o 1681._o burnet_n contra_fw-la burnet_n of_o barns_n 40._o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1661._o cap._n 62._o have_v lengthen_v the_o legal_a of_o appryzing_n and_o have_v bring_v in_o all_o who_o appryze_v within_o a_o year_n of_o the_o first_o effectual_a apprize_a pari_fw-la passu_fw-la by_o this_o act_n these_o these_o alteration_n be_v introduce_v as_o to_o appryzing_n first_o whereas_o before_o the_o first_o appryzer_n be_v infeft_v or_o do_v diligence_n have_v only_o access_n to_o the_o whole_a apprise_v land_n till_o he_o be_v satisfy_v now_o the_o lord_n be_v impower_v to_o limit_v the_o possession_n during_o the_o legal_a as_o they_o shall_v see_v cause_n the_o appryzer_n get_v his_o annualrent_n or_o security_n therefore_o and_o therefore_o a_o appryzer_n pursue_v for_o remove_v and_o mail_n and_o duty_n his_o pursuit_n be_v only_o sustain_v for_o so_o much_o of_o the_o apprise_v land_n as_o she_o shall_v choose_v the_o rent_n whereof_o will_v be_v equivalent_a to_o eight_o per_fw-la cent_n of_o the_o sum_n apprise_v for_o he_o be_v countable_a for_o the_o superplus_n more_o than_o his_o annualrent_n and_o public_a burden_n the_o defender_n house_n and_o mains_fw-fr be_v always_o except_v see_v there_o be_v sufficient_a of_o other_o rent_n june_n 27._o 1672._o nicolson_n contra_fw-la sir_n william_n murray_n but_o the_o power_n grant_v to_o the_o lord_n to_o restrict_n appryzer_n be_v only_o personal_a and_o peculiar_a to_o the_o debtor_n and_o not_o to_o the_o posterior_n appryzer_n july_n 28._o 1671._o murray_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o southesk_n and_o other_o second_o all_o appryzing_n lead_v since_o the_o first_o of_o january_n 1652._o before_o the_o first_o effectual_a compryze_a obtain_v infeftment_n or_o charge_v the_o superior_a to_o receive_v or_o within_o a_o year_n after_o the_o same_o or_o to_o be_v lead_v thereafter_o upon_o any_o persosonal_a debt_n come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la as_o if_o they_o all_o have_v be_v contain_v in_o one_o compryze_a the_o other_o appryzer_n pay_v to_o the_o first_o effectual_a compryzer_n the_o expense_n of_o his_o compryze_a and_o infeftment_n thereupon_o but_o the_o year_n be_v not_o to_o count_v from_o the_o infeftment_n or_o charge_n by_o which_o the_o apprize_a become_v effectual_a but_o from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o decreet_a of_o apprize_a july_n 4._o 1671._o laird_n of_o balfour_n contra_fw-la mr._n william_n dowglas_n but_o this_o extend_v not_o to_o appryzing_n or_o annualrent_n or_o other_o debita_fw-la fundi_fw-la and_o according_o it_o be_v decide_v by_o the_o lord_n that_o those_o other_o appryzer_n behove_v to_o pay_v the_o whole_a composition_n to_o the_o superior_a feb._n 5._o 1663._o robert_n graham_n contra_fw-la john_n ross._n yet_o these_o appryzing_n that_o be_v prior_n to_o the_o act_n be_v not_o find_v to_o come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o appryzing_n albeit_o the_o act_n bear_v that_o they_o shall_v come_v in_o as_o if_o they_o be_v in_o one_o apprize_a but_o only_o from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o as_o to_o what_o the_o first_o appryzer_n have_v possess_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la before_o the_o act_n of_o his_o intromission_n exceed_v his_o annualrent_n the_o same_o shall_v be_v impute_v to_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o compryzing_n and_o composition_n and_o in_o payment_n of_o the_o sum_n apprise_v for_o pro_fw-la tanto_fw-la jan._n 7._o 1665._o graham_n of_o blaitwood_n contra_fw-la brown_n but_o a_o apprize_a lead_v before_o january_n 1652._o though_o infeftment_n or_o charge_n be_v use_v thereon_o after_o jan._n 1652._o be_v find_v to_o exclude_v all_o appryzer_n after_o jan._n 1652._o who_o infeftment_n or_o charge_n be_v posterior_n to_o the_o infeftment_n or_o charge_n upon_o the_o apprize_a lead_v before_o jan._n 1652._o and_o that_o the_o say_a posterior_n apprize_a do_v not_o come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la with_o that_o lead_v before_o jan._n 1652._o because_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n relate_v nothing_o to_o appryzing_n deduce_v before_o jan._n 1652._o decemb._n 12._o 1666._o sir_n henry_n home_n contra_fw-la creditor_n of_o kello_n and_o albeit_o the_o first_o effectual_a apprize_a be_v satisfy_v and_o so_o extinct_a yet_o it_o do_v stand_v valid_a as_o to_o the_o second_o apprize_a within_o year_n and_o day_n but_o a_o three_o apprize_a be_v not_o find_v thereby_o to_o come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la with_o the_o second_o apprize_a as_o be_v within_o year_n and_o day_n thereof_o as_o if_o the_o second_o apprize_a become_v the_o first_o appryzer_n decemb._n 13._o 1672._o street_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o northesk_n and_o james_n dean_n feb._n 20._o 1679._o tenant_n of_o mortoun_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o queensberry_n and_o where_o the_o first_o appryzer_n 〈◊〉_d but_o a_o part_n of_o the_o land_n apprise_v the_o second_o appryzer_n not_o infeft_v be_v prefer_v to_o the_o three_o appryzer_n infeft_v as_o to_o the_o remanent_fw-la rent_n because_o the_o second_o appryzer_n need_v no_o infeftment_n but_o the_o infeftment_n upon_o the_o first_o apprize_a be_v sufficient_v for_o all_o the_o appryzing_n lead_v within_o the_o year_n of_o the_o first_o decemb._n 22._o 1664._o doctor_n ramsay_n and_o william_n hay_o contra_fw-la alexander_n seatoun_n there_o be_v also_o a_o exception_n from_o this_o clause_n by_o another_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1661._o cap._n 21._o session_n 3._o that_o second_o appryser_n shall_v not_o be_v prejudge_v if_o they_o do_v acquire_v right_a to_o a_o former_a appryse_v redeem_v and_o satisfy_v by_o they_o for_o their_o own_o security_n before_o the_o say_a act_n albeit_o lead_v since_o jan._n 1652._o which_o first_o comprise_v shall_v remain_v in_o the_o same_o case_n as_o apprysing_n be_v former_o it_o be_v so_o decide_v without_o necessity_n to_o allege_v that_o right_o be_v take_v to_o the_o first_o appryse_v to_o shun_v the_o expyre_a of_o the_o legal_a or_o any_o other_o necessary_a cause_n decemb._n 9_o 1664._o veatch_n of_o dawick_n contra_fw-la alexander_n williamson_n three_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o legal_a be_v alter_v from_o seven_o year_n to_o ten_o year_n so_o that_o where_o the_o legal_a be_v not_o 〈◊〉_d the_o time_n of_o the_o act_n three_o year_n be_v allow_v to_o redeem_v they_o from_o whitsonday_n 1661._o which_o terminate_v at_o whitsonday_n 1664._o whereanent_fw-la it_o be_v question_v whether_o intromission_n
last_o infeftment_n will_v also_o be_v presume_v to_o continue_v superior_a and_o the_o inquest_n will_v serve_v according_o unless_o another_o superior_a be_v instruct_v or_o acknowledge_v by_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi which_o acknowledgement_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o pursuer_n hazard_n of_o disclamation_n and_o that_o the_o subsequent_a superior_n right_n be_v in_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o he_o can_v be_v prejudge_v by_o the_o service_n therefore_o that_o point_n will_v be_v so_o serve_v periculo_fw-la petentis_fw-la 37._o the_o four_o head_n of_o the_o brieve_n be_v by_o what_o service_n the_o fee_n be_v hold_v whether_o it_o be_v ward_n blench_v feu_n or_o burgage_n which_o also_o must_v be_v instruct_v by_o the_o evident_n and_o if_o nothing_o else_o appear_v the_o fee_n be_v presume_v to_o be_v ward_n because_o that_o only_o be_v the_o proper_a fee_n and_o the_o other_o be_v improper_a decline_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o fee_n and_o therefore_o be_v not_o presume_v but_o must_v be_v prove_v and_o as_o craig_n observe_v lib._n 2._o dieg_n 17._o it_o will_v not_o instruct_v the_o fee_n not_o to_o be_v ward_n though_o it_o contain_v a_o particular_a reddendo_fw-la of_o a_o cane_n or_o duty_n yea_o though_o it_o bear_v pro_fw-la omni_fw-la alio_fw-la servitio_fw-la &_o questione_fw-la seculari_fw-la unless_o it_o express_v the_o say_v reddendo_fw-la to_o be_v in_o name_n of_o blench_v duty_n or_o in_o name_n of_o feudutie_n so_o a_o infeftment_n bear_v a_o particular_a duty_n payable_a at_o whitsunday_n and_o martinmass_o yearly_a cum_fw-la servitiis_fw-la in_o curiis_fw-la nostris_fw-la debitis_fw-la &_o consuetis_fw-la be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o ward_n hold_v hope_v de_fw-fr feudi_fw-la renovatione_fw-la williamson_n contra_fw-la thomson_n and_o a_o infeftment_n bear_v sex_n denarios_fw-la nomine_fw-la canae_fw-la with_o a_o tax_v marriage_n be_v find_v ward_n feb._n 7._o 1610._o as_o be_v resolve_v by_o oliphant_n the_o king_n advocate_n in_o a_o consultation_n with_o the_o bishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n for_o enter_v the_o lord_n lindsay_n to_o the_o land_n of_o struthers_n 38._o the_o five_o head_n be_v the_o value_n of_o the_o fee_n now_o and_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n the_o reason_n of_o insert_v of_o this_o article_n be_v because_o there_o be_v due_a to_o the_o superior_a a_o year_n rend_v of_o the_o fee_n for_o the_o entire_a of_o the_o heir_n which_o be_v call_v the_o relief_n of_o which_o former_o title_n superiority_n and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v constant_a and_o liquidat_n there_o be_v a_o general_a valuation_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n which_o be_v call_v the_o old_a retour_fw-fr or_o old_a extent_n thereafter_o there_o be_v a_o second_o retour_fw-fr call_v the_o new_a retour_fw-fr or_o extent_n whereby_o the_o new_a retour_fw-fr of_o some_o shire_n be_v make_v the_o triple_a and_o some_o the_o quadruple_a of_o the_o old_a yea_o different_a new_a retour_n be_v in_o the_o same_o shire_n but_o there_o be_v no_o new_a retour_n in_o southern_a shire_n upon_o the_o border_n which_o be_v frequent_o waste_v with_o war_n and_o little_a addition_n in_o the_o northern_a shire_n so_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o article_n be_v what_o the_o fee_n be_v worth_a now_o that_o be_v what_o the_o new_a retour_fw-fr or_o extent_n thereof_o be_v and_o what_o it_o be_v worth_a in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n or_o what_o be_v the_o old_a extent_n thereof_o craig_n declare_v he_o can_v never_o find_v clear_a satisfaction_n in_o the_o reason_n of_o these_o expression_n especial_o why_o the_o old_a retour_fw-fr be_v call_v that_o which_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o he_o conjecture_v that_o because_o our_o fore_a father_n be_v say_v to_o rest_n in_o peace_n therefore_o by_o the_o same_o peace_n be_v mean_v the_o time_n of_o our_o predecessor_n but_o i_o conceive_v the_o matter_n may_v be_v better_o clear_v thus_o the_o casualty_n of_o the_o superiority_n be_v of_o old_a the_o chief_a patrimony_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o scotland_n and_o be_v further_o extend_v than_o of_o late_a and_o therefore_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o time_n of_o the_o make_v the_o new_a retour_fw-fr and_o cause_n thereof_o be_v the_o frequency_n of_o war_n require_v a_o addition_n of_o the_o royal_a revenue_n and_o though_o through_o the_o alteration_n of_o the_o rate_n of_o money_n neither_o of_o the_o retour_n be_v now_o considerable_a yet_o doubtless_o they_o be_v very_o considerable_a in_o those_o time_n so_o that_o by_o quid_fw-la valet_fw-la nunc_fw-la be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o time_n of_o war_n at_o which_o time_n the_o new_a retour_fw-fr was_z make_v which_o be_v the_o more_o evident_a by_o the_o opposite_a member_n what_o be_v the_o value_n in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n so_o that_o the_o old_a retour_fw-fr be_v that_o value_n which_o be_v before_o the_o necessity_n of_o heighten_v thereof_o by_o the_o war_n be_v fit_o say_v to_o be_v that_o which_o be_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o the_o new_a retour_fw-fr that_o which_o be_v make_v in_o time_n of_o war._n and_o immediate_o after_o the_o constitution_n thereof_o the_o brieve_n be_v make_v to_o express_v it_o by_o the_o then_o present_a time_n nunc_fw-la which_o have_v be_v always_o so_o continue_v because_o the_o style_n of_o brieu_v be_v not_o to_o be_v alter_v this_o be_v the_o more_o evident_a that_o the_o border_v shire_n which_o be_v frequent_o waste_v by_o incursion_n be_v not_o alter_v in_o their_o extent_n so_o that_o it_o have_v be_v make_v in_o a_o time_n of_o war._n the_o new_a extent_n be_v not_o only_o the_o rule_n of_o relief_n but_o of_o nonentrie_n in_o land_n hold_v ward_n and_o blench_v for_o the_o new_a retour_fw-fr mail_n be_v only_o due_a till_o general_a declarator_n but_o in_o feu_n land_n there_o be_v only_a regard_n to_o the_o extent_n for_o during_o the_o nonentry_n thereof_o at_o least_o before_o general_a declarator_n nothing_o be_v due_a but_o the_o feu_fw-fr duty_n and_o the_o duplication_n thereof_o for_o the_o relief_n annualrent_n have_v no_o difference_n before_o or_o after_o declarator_n and_o therefore_o be_v always_o retour_v to_o the_o full_a value_n of_o the_o annualrent_a and_o be_v thus_o express_v quod_fw-la valet_fw-la seipsum_fw-la 39_o the_o six_o head_n be_v whether_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v of_o lawful_a age_n wherein_o we_o must_v distinguish_v betwixt_o ward_n holding_n and_o other_o holding_n blench_v feu_n or_o burgage_n for_o in_o these_o any_o age_n be_v lawful_a age._n but_o in_o ward_n holding_n because_o the_o superior_a by_o virtue_n of_o the_o ward_n have_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n during_o the_o heir_n minority_n therefore_o they_o can_v enter_v till_o their_o majority_n at_o which_o time_n only_o the_o heir_n be_v of_o lawful_a age_n which_o in_o man_n be_v twenty_o one_o year_n complete_a and_o in_o woman_n fourteen_o year_n complete_a january_n 27._o 1610._o laird_n of_o kilbirnie_n contra_fw-la fairly_n yet_o if_o the_o king_n or_o any_o other_o superior_a give_v dispensation_n of_o the_o age_n the_o service_n will_v proceed_v but_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o ward_n continue_v with_o the_o superior_a by_o the_o dispensation_n in_o the_o disposition_n the_o heir_n age_n must_v also_o be_v instruct_v to_o the_o inquest_n either_o as_o be_v notour_n by_o inspection_n of_o the_o person_n for_o it_o will_v be_v ridiculous_a to_o prove_v a_o gray-headed_n heir_n to_o be_v major_a but_o in_o dubio_fw-la witness_n or_o other_o sufficient_a adminicle_n must_v be_v adhibit_v 40._o the_o seven_o head_n of_o the_o brieve_n be_v in_o who_o hand_n the_o fee_n be_v that_o be_v to_o who_o the_o profit_n and_o benefit_n thereof_o do_v now_o belong_v for_o ordinary_o the_o fee_n be_v retour_v to_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o superior_a by_o reason_n of_o nonentrie_n but_o sometime_o retoured_a to_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o supeior_n superior_n when_o the_o sùperior_a have_v lose_v the_o casualty_n of_o the_o superiority_n during_o his_o life_n and_o sometime_o it_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o liferenter_n by_o conjunct-fee_n or_o liferent_a hold_v of_o the_o superior_a which_o do_v not_o hinder_v the_o entry_n of_o the_o heir_n to_o the_o fee_n yet_o exclude_v nonentrie_n the_o remanent_fw-la particle_n of_o the_o brieve_n from_o what_o time_n how_o by_o what_o service_n by_o who_o and_o through_o what_o cause_n be_v but_o circumstance_n relative_a to_o the_o last_o head_n that_o thereby_o it_o may_v appear_v first_o how_o long_o the_o fee_n have_v be_v in_o nonentry_n or_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o immediate_a superior_n or_o liferenter_fw-la 2._o how_o it_o come_v to_o be_v in_o that_o condition_n so_o it_o become_v in_o nonentrie_n by_o the_o vassal's_n death_n and_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o mediate_v superior_a by_o the_o contumacy_n of_o the_o immediate_a superior_n in_o not_o enter_v his_o vassal_n and_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o liferenter_fw-la
serve_v without_o delay_n otherways_o they_o can_v never_o be_v serve_v there_o be_v ever_o possibility_n of_o the_o issue_n of_o men._n yet_o if_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v enter_v before_o the_o superveniency_n even_o though_o but_o in_o the_o womb_n the_o same_o will_v take_v place_n but_o if_o the_o ascendent_n be_v actual_o enter_v the_o law_n afford_v no_o remedy_n reversion_n or_o restitution_n neither_o can_v this_o difficulty_n be_v a_o reason_n against_o the_o succcession_n ofascendents_n because_o the_o question_n be_v only_o betwixt_o they_o and_o their_o own_o child_n and_o nothing_o operat_o in_o favour_n of_o their_o brother_n and_o sister_n or_o their_o descendants_n as_o to_o the_o other_o case_n in_o the_o instance_n propose_v it_o seem_v the_o succeession_n ought_v to_o have_v depend_v till_o the_o event_n of_o the_o lawful_a issue_n of_o marion_n weir_n first_o because_o that_o have_v a_o determine_a time_n by_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n viz._n the_o fift_v or_o fifty_o two_o year_n of_o her_o age_n at_o which_o time_n the_o issue_n of_o woman_n be_v repute_v extinct_a which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o the_o case_n of_o men._n second_o in_o tailzy_n upon_o contract_n and_o for_o onerous_a cause_n respect_n be_v to_o be_v have_v to_o the_o meaning_n and_o interest_n of_o the_o party_n contracter_n and_o in_o dubio_fw-la pars_fw-la mitior_fw-la est_fw-la sequenda_fw-la and_o that_o sense_n be_v to_o be_v embrace_v by_o which_o the_o provision_n can_v have_v some_o effect_n and_o not_o that_o by_o which_o they_o can_v have_v none_o whereby_o it_o may_v seem_v that_o it_o be_v blackwood_n meaning_n that_o the_o succession_n of_o his_o own_o natural_a daughter_n shall_v be_v substitute_n in_o the_o second_o member_n to_o the_o heir_n betwixt_o the_o major_a and_o she_o and_o that_o while_o these_o be_v possibe_v his_o heir_n shall_v have_v no_o place_n otherways_o the_o second_o membet_n have_v be_v elusory_a for_o if_o by_o saill_v the_o heir_n of_o the_o major_a with_o the_o say_v marion_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o say_v major_n decease_n marions_fw-fr heir_n by_o another_o lawful_a husband_n shall_v take_v place_n her_o other_o heir_n can_v never_o take_v place_n for_o she_o can_v not_o have_v another_o lawful_a husband_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o major_n her_o first_o husband_n death_n yet_o the_o reason_n on_o the_o contrary_n be_v no_o less_o pregnant_a and_o that_o in_o this_o case_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o heir_n ascendent_a the_o heir_n near_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o feer_n death_n shall_v have_v right_n immediate_o to_o succeed_v because_o the_o fee_n necessary_o must_v belong_v to_o some_o person_n and_o it_o can_v hang_v in_o the_o air_n on_o a_o future_a possibility_n which_o be_v a_o principle_n whereof_o mention_n and_o use_n have_v be_v make_v frequent_o before_o second_o if_o that_o be_v the_o meaning_n then_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o major_n death_n the_o land_n be_v true_o nullius_fw-la and_o so_o as_o caduciary_n behove_v to_o shall_v to_o the_o king_n as_o vltimus_fw-la haeres_fw-la but_o if_o it_o have_v be_v so_o express_v that_o no_o place_n shall_v be_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o major_n other_o heir_n till_o there_o be_v no_o possibility_n of_o heir_n of_o marion_n weir_n the_o defficulty_n seem_v the_o same_o that_o the_o fee_n shall_v be_v pendent_a and_o nullius_fw-la it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o even_o in_o that_o other_o case_n the_o major_n other_o heir_n will_v succeed_v notwithstanding_o that_o provision_n which_o do_v but_o resolve_v in_o apersonalobligation_n to_o those_o heir_n to_o forebear_v yet_o they_o be_v heir_n and_o if_o contrary_a the_o provision_n they_o shall_v enter_v it_o will_v give_v interest_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o marion_n weir_n to_o compel_v the_o major_n heir_n have_v enter_v to_o denude_v themselves_o in_o their_o favour_n but_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n in_o this_o case_n and_o as_o to_o the_o reason_n upon_o the_o contrary_a though_o it_o may_v seem_v blackwood_n interest_n that_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o natural_a daughter_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o second_o place_n yet_o non_o fuit_fw-la habilis_fw-la modus_fw-la to_o make_v the_o fee_fw-mi pendent_n and_o nullius_fw-la but_o to_o that_o which_o be_v the_o main_a reason_n otherways_o the_o second_o member_n behove_v to_o be_v elusory_a it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o elusory_a because_o the_o most_o ordinary_a and_o hope_a case_n be_v that_o there_o shall_v have_v be_v heir_n betwixt_o the_o major_a and_o marion_n who_o if_o they_o have_v die_v without_o issue_n the_o land_n will_v have_v fall_v to_o marion_n heir_n by_o another_o lawful_a husband_n and_o not_o to_o the_o major_n other_o heir_n so_o that_o the_o case_n which_o fall_v out_o that_o there_o be_v no_o child_n procreate_v betwixt_o the_o major_a and_o marion_n be_v not_o fear_v and_o so_o not_o provide_v for_o as_o it_o ofttimes_o fare_v in_o such_o case_n therefore_o we_o conceive_v it_o more_o probable_a that_o in_o all_o case_n that_o person_n who_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o defunct_n death_n be_v in_o be_v bear_v or_o unborn_a may_v be_v heir_n and_o immediate_o enter_v so_o soon_o as_o by_o the_o birth_n it_o appear_v who_o may_v be_v serve_v there_o have_v a_o late_a case_n occur_v and_o be_v determine_v on_o that_o occasion_n the_o late_a earl_n of_o leven_n tailzy_v his_o estate_n and_o dignity_n to_o the_o heir_n male_a of_o his_o body_n which_o faill_v to_o the_o elder_a heir_n female_a without_o division_n which_o faill_v to_o the_o second_o son_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o rothess_n which_o faill_v to_o the_o second_o son_n of_o the_o lord_n melvil_n who_o have_v marry_v the_o earl_n of_o levens_n sister_n which_o faill_v to_o the_o second_o son_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o weemes_n who_o have_v marry_v his_o mother_n leven_n leave_v three_o daughter_n after_o he_o who_o die_v all_o un-entered_n rothess_n have_v no_o second_o son_n david_n melvil_n second_o son_n to_o the_o lord_n melvil_n take_v a_o brieve_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n to_o serve_v himself_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o leven_n the_o earl_n of_o rothess_n take_v a_o gift_n of_o the_o nonentry_n in_o the_o name_n of_o sr._n william_n bruce_n who_o raise_v a_o advocation_n of_o the_o brieve_n with_o a_o declarator_n that_o while_o there_o be_v no_o hope_n of_o a_o second_o son_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o rothess_n body_n david_n melvil_n nor_o no_o son_n of_o a_o subsequent_a branch_n can_v be_v enter_v or_o declare_v that_o the_o land_n be_v in_o nonentrie_n both_o member_n of_o the_o say_a declarator_n the_o lord_n do_v sustain_v and_o stop_v the_o service_n albeit_o many_o inconvenience_n be_v represent_v thence_o arise_v as_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o active_a title_n for_o pursue_v the_o right_n of_o the_o family_n or_o for_o receive_v vassal_n nor_o any_o access_n to_o the_o estate_n passiuè_fw-fr by_o creditor_n but_o the_o lord_n do_v reserve_v to_o the_o special_a declarator_n how_o far_o the_o nonentry_n will_v reach_v whether_o to_o the_o retoured_a duty_n only_o or_o to_o the_o full_a rent_n but_o many_o of_o the_o lordswerc_n of_o opinion_n that_o david_n melvil_n shall_v enter_v as_o heir_n of_o tilzie_n yet_o so_o that_o if_o the_o chancellor_n have_v a_o second_o son_n he_o or_o his_o issue_n will_v succeed_v as_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n to_o david_n melvil_n and_o neither_o his_o own_o heir_n of_o line_n nor_o the_o earl_n of_o weemes_n second_n son_n because_o at_o the_o time_n of_o david_n melvil_n death_n the_o chancellor_n second_o son_n will_v be_v a_o near_a heir_n of_o tailzie_n to_o david_n than_o his_o own_o son_n as_o be_v of_o a_o prior_n branch_n of_o the_o tailzie_n feb._n 22._o 1677._o sr._n william_n bruce_n contra_fw-la david_n melvil_n but_o the_o lord_n find_v that_o the_o nonentrie_n by_o the_o special_a declarator_n can_v not_o reach_v to_o the_o full_a rent_n but_o only_o to_o the_o retoured_a duty_n see_v the_o apparent_a heir_n be_v neither_o in_o culpa_fw-la nor_o mora_fw-la which_o do_v only_o infer_v the_o full_a duty_n and_o therefore_o find_v the_o donatar_n have_v right_a to_o the_o retoured_a duty_n and_o that_o the_o remainder_n continue_v in_o haereditate_fw-la jacente_fw-la to_o be_v manage_v by_o the_o lord_n malvil_n as_o curator_n datus_fw-la bonis_fw-la of_o the_o estate_n of_o leven_n by_o the_o king_n have_v power_n to_o manage_v the_o affair_n of_o that_o estate_n as_o a_o tutor_n or_o as_o if_o a_o heir_n have_v be_v enter_v july_n 24._o 1677._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la 51._o it_o come_v ofttimes_o to_o pass_v that_o through_o the_o unclear_a conception_n of_o clause_n of_o provision_n it_o become_v dubious_a who_o be_v thereby_o constitut_o foot_n and_o who_o liferenter_fw-la as_o be_v ordinary_a when_o sum_n of_o