Earls and nine hundred Barons not Titular only but men of great Estates It hath had twenty six Kings of several Countries beginning first with the Norman race and now being in the hand of Spain The disease called now the French Pox was first in all Christendome found here The Arms of this Kingdome are Azure seme of Fleur de Lices Or a file of three Labels Gules It s revenue is two millions and an half of Crowns whereof twenty thousand are the Popes for his chief rent and the rest so exhausted in maintaining Garrisons upon the Natives and a strong Navy against the Turks that the King of Spain receiveth not a fourth part theâ—…eof clearly It hath twenty Arch-bishops and one hundred twenty seven Bishops-seas This Crown and Kingdom hath been in long dispute between France and Spain Charles the Eighth of France won and lost it in a Dream so transitory was his possession of it much blood being spilt in the quarrel The Duke of Guise of the Family of Lorrain now pretends a right to it and hath attempted the Conquest of it of late years twice being called in by the Citizens of Naples in 1647. after that famous insurrection in the City of Naples under Mâ—…ssianelio the Fisherman who led and commanded 100000 men at his beck and pleasure for 14. dayes at the end whereof he and his mutinous Government expired being supposed to be poysoned by the Artifice of the Spaniard In the year 1654. the same Duke of Guise having better retained in mind the Courtshâ—…ps of the Neapolitans than his own misfortunes and his promises made at Madrid where he was kept prisoner from the time that Naples was reduced 1647. equipped another Fleet from that Kingdome from Toulon and Marseilles which nâ—…rrowly escaped the English Fleet under General Blake designed against it and after much bad weather landed and was defeated by the Spanish Vice-roy his Lieutenant General Marquis du Plessis being killed in the place with 2000 more and so the French were forced to re-imbarque and the Expedition frustrated The Spaniards how quietly hold it from the Papacy by a fealty Present yearly of a White Horse to his Holyness The Kingdom of Sicilia in Italy is situate under the fourth climate the longest day being thirteen hours and an half it shoots forth into the Sea with three Capes or Promontories The People are Ingenious Eloquent and Pleasant but withall very inconstant and full of talke they Invented Oratory Pastorall Eclogues Hour-glasses with Military Engins The Soyl is incredibly fruitfull in Wine Oyl Honey Minerals of Gold Silver and Allum together with plenty of Salt and Sugar there are also gems of Agats and Emeralds it yieldthe also great store of the richest Silk hath most excellent and delicious Fruits both for tast and colour with abundance also of all sorts of Grain Here is the hill Aetna which many have taken to be Hell and ignorant Papists Purgatory because of its sending forth of flames of fire which eth brimstone there causeth It hath many Cities Rivers and Lakes of which I cannot stand to treat There were eight Kings of Sicilia six of the first whereof were called to rule In the year one thousand two hundred eighty one the house of Arragon governed it and there hath succeeded ten Kings It is now united to the Crown of Spain the revenue is eight hundred thousand some say a million of Ducats disbursed again on the entertainment of the Vice-Roy defence of the Island the Arms are four Pallets Gules Sable being those of Arragon between two Flanches Argent charged with as many Eâ—…g'es Sable beaked Gules It hath had seven Princes four Dukes thirteen Marquisses fourteen Earls one Viscount and fourty eight Barons the People are Papists and have three Arch-bishops and nine Bishops The Island and Kingdom of Sardinia in Italy lieth west from Sicilie from the neerest point Cape Boy or Cape Bara It is distant about two hundred miles it is in length one hundred eighty miles ninety in breadth five hundred sixty in the circuit and is situate under the fourteenth Climate the longest day being fourteen houres there is neither Wolf nor Serpent neither venomous or hurtful beast but the Fox only and a little creature like a Spider which will by no means endure the sight of the Sun except held by violence Some pools it hath very plentiful of Fish but generally are so destitute of River-water that they are fain to keep the rain which falls in winter for their use in summer by means whereof and for that there is no passage for the Northern Winds being obstructed by the high Mountains neer Cape Lugudori the air is generally unhealthy if not pestilential The soil is very fertile but ill manured well stored with all sorts of cattel the horses hereof hot head-strong and hard to be broken but will last long the bullocks naturally gentle so that the Country-man doth as familiarly ride them as they do in Spain on Mules or Asses Here is also the beast called Mufr nes or Muscriones found in Corsica also but in no other part of Europe somewhat resembling a Stagg but of so strong an hide that it is used by the Italian in stead of Armour of the skin of which carryed to Cordova in Spain and there dressed is made the right Cordovant leather also there is an Herb whereof if one eat it is said that he will die with laughter the Herb being of such a poysonous nature that it causeth the Man to die with such a convulsion of sinews that he seemeth to grinn or laugh at the time of his death The People are small of stature their Complexion inclining unto swarthiness rude in Manners very slothful and rebellious yet given to Hunting their Diet mean their Apparel in Towns Gorgeous in Villages base their Religion Papistically formal little Curious their Clergy being counted the most illiterate and ignorant in that part of the World called Christendome it is now in the hands of the King of Spain governed by a Vice-Roy who resides at Calaris and must of necessity be a Spaniard under whom are two Deputies-Governours Spaniards also inferiour Officers of command may be of the natives what profits arise here to the King of Spain I have no where found The arms hereof are said to be Or a cross Gules betwixt four Saracens heads Sable curled argent There are also divers small Islands belonging thereunto And lastly it hath three Arch-bishops and fifteen Bishops The lands of the Church or the Popes Dominions in Italy lie west of the Realm of Naples extended north and south from the Adriatick to the Tuscan-Seas bounded on the north-north-east with the river Trontus on the south-east with the Axofenus by which two it is parted from that Kingdom as on the north-west by the rivers Poe and Frore by which it is separated from the State of Venice and on the southwest by the river Pisco by which it is divided from the modern Tuscany
Government popular These People first knew their strength by the defeated Ambition of Charles Duke of Burgundy some Ages since whom after their request to him for Peace which he would not admit without Subjection intending also to swallow Italy they utterly overthrew at the Battel of Nancy but Francis the first of France made them know they were not invincible at the Battel of Serisolles in the Dutchy of Millain where he slew near 20000 of them and brought down their stomachs They are now the best strength the Kings of France have for Infantry of which there is a constant standing Force maintained but so Mercenary that upon any failure of their Pay their cry grown into a Proverb iâ—… No Money no Switzer The Cantons of the two different perswasions Roman and Zuinglian were lately at feud and several skirmishes happened to the Breach of the Confederacy and Union but all was at last Composed by the mediation of the French Ambassadors no lesse a Person then the Duke of Longoville being employed in that affair to prevent the designs and intrigues of the Spaniard and the Pope who promoted that difference The Country of the Grisons is bounded on the east with the Country of Tyrol with Switzerland on the north with Suevia and a part of the Switzers on the south with Lombardy on the west a very Mountainous and barren Land the People now Protestant their Government popular in these Alpine parts there are two Arch-bishops thirteen Bishops This Countrey is modernly called the Valtoline being the passage out of the Emperour 's Hereditary Countrey in Germany into Italy and therefore anxiously and jealously look'd upon by both the Crowns of France and Spain lest the Spaniard should have it open for any assistance suddenly to overwhelm the Princes thereof upon which account these Grisons suffered by both Armies in the business of Mantua aforesaid but in that Peace were re-established in their own Signiory as it now continues more out of others distrust then its own impregnability In this Country of the Grisons some thirty years agoe a Mountain by an Earth-quake fell and covered a Village called Pelura burying the Town and Inhabitants together in its ponderous Sepulchre so irrecoverably that not the Cry of any of those miserable persons was ever heard and were swallowed up quick in that terrible manner France hath alwayes been held the principal and worthiest Kingdome of all Christendome it is bounded on the east with Germany and southward with the Mediterranean Sea south-east with the Alps and on the north with the British Sea It is very fruitful in all sorts of grain and whatsoever is needful for the maintenance of life especially it hath great abundance of wines wherewith many other Lands are also served It is divided into many great Dukedoms and Provinces it hath in it also divers great mighty and famous Cities the People are heady but ingenious and good Warriours The Government is meerly Regal and at the pleasure of the Prince of which it hath had many great and powerful ones The Religion of the Land is Popish but there are many Protestants there who although they have been greatly persecuted yet sometimes their number hath indulged them in the exercise thereof The chief Orders of Knighthood yet extant here are first of St. Michael instituted one thousand four hundred and nine It consisted first of thirty persons but after of three hundred the Habit of the order a long Cloak of white Damask down to the ground with a border interwoven with cockle-shels of gold interlaced and furred with Ermins with a Hood of Crimson Velvet and a long tippet about their necks they wear a Collar woven with Cockle-shels the word Immensi tremor oceani the Picture of S. Michael Conquering the Divel was annexed to the Collar the Seat thereof antiently Saint Michael's mount in Normâ—…dy and the day Saint Michael's day Secondly of the Holy Ghost ordained one thousand five hundred seventy nine The order of St. Michael is to be given to none but such as were dignified with this whereunto none were to be admitted but such as could prove their Nobility by three descents their Oath to maintain the Romish Catholick Religion and persecute all opponents to it their Robe a black velvet mantle pourtrayed with Lillies and flames of gold the Collar of Flower-de-luces and flowers of gold with a Cross and a Dove appendent to it The Arms of France are Azure three Flower-de-luces Or it hath seventeen Arch-Bishops one hundred and eight Bishops and one hundred thirty two thousand Parishes The Pyrenean hills are only a bound between France and Spain two potent Kingdoms the whole length not reckoning in the windings and turnings affirmed to be eighty Spanish Leagues at three miles to a League the People barbarous but of what Religion my Author saith not It may be he esteemed them so barbarous that he thought they could live without any Religion at all The Kingdom of France hath been Governed and possessed by three several Races of Princes since the failure of the Issue of Charlemayn the last of whose name Chilperick the fourth was deposed first by the Pope and then by the common Consent of Parliament and Pepin the Great Son of the Mayre of the Pallace which Officer a long space of 120 years and upwards had successively mannaged the State both for Peace and War was advanced to the Crown which after a long descent vested in the name of Valois which for some centuries of years and during the Wars with England valiantly and prudently swayed the Sword and Scepter This line was extinct almost in memory in the Person of Henry the 3. of France stabbed at the Siege of Paris by a Iacobine Monk when by vertue of the Salique Law which admits of no Females to the Crown it devolved after a long and bloody war worse then their three Civil Wars concerning Religion the Head of the Protestant Armies being this very Prince to Henry of that name the fourth of Bourbon This was a Son of Valour the Great Captain who by assistance of Queen Elizabeth by some Forces under the Earl of Essex broke that abominable League of the Guisians against him and established his Throne and preparing for some great design was stabbed by one Francis Ravilliac in hâ—…s Coach in the Streets of Paris His Son Lewis the 13 succeeded in whose Reign in the year 1627. was that unfortunante Expedition of the English to the Isle of Rhee in relief of the Rochellers where the French taking advantage the English as they were retreating after four Months Continuance in that Island defying the whole strength of France but in vain besieging the strong Citadel of St. Martins were at last ventured on as they were passing over a Cawsey to their Ships On both sides this way there were Salt-pans the way it self broad enough but for four Men a Breast where they were put unto some Confusion and a great many perished in the Salt-pans but the
is necessary to the life of man it is the nature of this tree though never so ponderous a weight wereput upon it never to yield to the burden but still to resist the heaviness of it and to endeavour to lift and raise it self the more upwards a fit emblem of the resurrection The people are not black but tawny or olive-coloured they weep and mourn over the bodies of their dead daubed over with dung they hold it a great impiety to burn or bury them but having embalmed them they lay them in some inner room the men keep at home for the houshold business the Women follow merchandise and affairs abroad the men carry burdens upon their heads and the women upon their shoulders a witty and ingenious people the first Inventers of Geometry Arithmetick Physick Astronomy Necromancy and Sorcery yea they found out the very use of Letters The Christians among them differ from all other Christians first using circumcision with baptism Secondly conferring all orders under priesthood on infants immediately after baptism their parents till they come to sixteen years of age performing what they promised in their behalf to wit chastity fasting on Wednesday and Friday and the four Lents of the year Thirdly reputing baptism not to be of any efficacy except ministred by a Priest in the open Church in what extremity soever Fourthly and yet not baptising any children till the fortieth day though they die in the mean time Fifthly giving the Lords Supper to Infants as soon as Christned Sixthly contracting marriages in the second degree without dispensation Seventhly not observing the Lords day nor any Festivals except in cities Eighthly reading the Gospel writ by Nicodemus They differ from the Papists in these things first administring the Lords Supper in both kinds secondly with leavened bread thirdly admitting neither extreme unction nor the Lords Supper to those that are sick fourthly nor Purgatory nor prayer for the dead fifthly nor using elevation in the act of administring and sixthly accounting the Roman Church for heretical and esteeming the Latines no better then the Jews This Kingdom of Aegypt was a long while possessed by the Mamalukes a kind of Stratocracy or Army-power such as we had lately in England by Red-coats and Protector the Sultan was always elected by the souldiery who chose always one out of themselves the last of that Dignity was Tomombejus who being defeated by Sultan Selymus some 260 years ago was taken in Grand Cayro whither he fled out of the field and had made a brave defence by barricading the streets for three days He continued not long in a condition of Captivity for he was hanged at his Prison Door and exposed to the view of the Egyptians as a spectacle of the Vanity of humane greatness By this Selymus this Kingdom was reduced into a province where one of the principal Bashawes keeps Court in great state His Government being the richest in all the Turkish Dominions from whence yearly many ships lading of wealth is brought to Constantinople which is alwayes way-laid by some Gallies of Malta or Florence but of late years with little success they come so strongly guarded and if they fear any danger have all the Coast of Cyprus Rhodes and the Continent to Friend The Bashawes are sent thither as Spunges for when they have sucked an incredible treasure by pilling fraud and rapine they are sent for home and are squeezed to their skins which sometimes they are forced to part with to boot There hath been no change but of the Governours ever since the Conquest of this Kingdom which is usual with other Bashawes as namely those of Aleppo who do often rebel and threaten the Grand Seigniour so that at present the Egyptians continue in the same obedience and dumb slavery to which they have been so long accustomed changing in this Turkish Tyranny the names not the nature thereof from that they suffered under the Mamalukes Mount Atlas is a ridge of hills of exceeding height and of no small length it is above the clouds and is always covered with snow in the midst of summer full of thick woods and against Africa so fruitful that it affords excellent fruits of its natural growth not planted grafted or inoculated with the hand of man Lybia hath mount Atlas on the north by which it is parted from Barbary and Asrenaca on the east with Lybia Marmarica interposed betwixt it and Egypt and part of Ethiopia superior or the Abassine Empire on the south with Ethiopia inferior and the land of Negroes and on the west with the main Atlantick Ocean the countrey abounds with dates the chief diet of the people which commonly rotteth out their teeth their Goats they feed with the stones wherewith they grow fat and yield store of Milk the Air is so sound that it cureth the French Pox without any Physick the Inhabitants are base and vile People Thieves Murderers Treacherous and ignorant of all things feeding most on Dates Barley and Carrion counting Bread a diet for Holidayes their Garments of the coarsest Cloth so short that they cover not half the body the richer sort wear a Jacket of blew Cotton with great Sleeves they ride upon Camels without Stirrup or Saddle a Leather thrust through an hole made in the nose of the Camel serves them for a Bridle and to save Spurs they use a Goade their Religion is Mahometisme The land of Negro's is bounded on the east with Ethiopia superior on the west with the Atlantick Ocean on the north with Lybia Deserta and the south with the Ethiopick Ocean and part of Ethiopia inferior the Country very hot by reason of the situation under the Torrid Zone yet very well inhabited full of People and in some places alwayes grassy well watered specially where the River Nâ—…ger overfloweth well stored with Corn Cattel and Garden ware well wooded having store of Beasts wilde and tame they want fruit Trees they have both Gold and Silver Mines very pure the Inhabitants are of little wit and destitute of all Arts and Sciences prone to Luxury and for the most part Mahomeans Ethiopia superior is bounded on the east with the Red Sea and the Sinus Barbaricus on the west with Lybia inferiour the Realm of Nubia in the Land of Negroes and part of the Kingdome of Congo in the other Ethiopia and on the north with Egypt and Lybia Marmarica and on the south on the Mountains of the Moon it is in length a thousand five hundred miles in breadth half as much The religion of the people is they use to circumcise their children both males and females Secondly they baptise the males at forty and the Females eighty dayes after Circumcision Thirdly after the Lords Supper they are not to spit till the Sun-set Fourthly they professe but one nature and one will in Christ. Fifthly they accept only the three first generall Councils Sixthly their Priests live by the labour of their own hands for they allow them nothing nor
of Castles and Villages such abundance of People and with such Politique Government that she may compare with any The Soil is fruitful both in Corn and Wine it hath many Navigable Rivers stored with plenty of Fishes most excellent Fountains and hot Bathes Mines of Gold Silver Tin Copper Lead and Iron it hath very Learned Men skilful in all Sciences and Mechanick Arts The Religion is here very diverse for there being many free Provinces some are Papists some Protestants and of these again some Calvinists some Lutherans There are six Arch-Bishops and thirty four Bishops The Wars of Germany ushered in by the Comet or Blazing-Star in 1618 have had dire and prodigious effects first the Prince Elector Palatine undertaking the Crown of Bohemia was worsted at Prague and the King of Denmark seconding him was likewise brought very low by Count Tilly the Emperour's General and glad to accept of a Peace upon hard terms when in 1629 enters Gustâ—…vus Adolphus the King of Sweden whose victorious Armes conquered Tilly at the Battel of Leipsick and presently over-run all Germany defeated the Emperours next General Wallestein Duke of Freidland at Lutzen where notwithstanding he was killed his Army had the Day of whom it was said that Before Death in Death and after Death he was victorious At the Battel of Nordlingâ—…in the Fortune of the Swedes failed a great slaughter being made on them by the Imperial Army and so a Peace was afterwards patched and again interrupted till the solemn and general Pacification at Munster since which time the Princes and People have been in quiet The Prince Elector Palatine losing the one half of his Estate as forfeited to the Emperour who hath invested the Duke of Bavaria the Electors neerest kinsman in the upper Palatinate Denmark and Norway are very great Regions bordering southward upon Germany they extend toward the north to seventy one degrees and thirty minutes north Latitude towards the east they border upon Sweden and on the west and north-side they are invironed with the Sea they at this time are under the Government of one King who is Lord of Seland Greenland Hitland and Gothland These Kingdomes afford unto other Lands Oxen Barley Mault Stock-fish Tallow Sand Nuts Hides Goat-skins Masts Deals Oaken-boards Wood to burn Pitch Tarr Brimstone and the like their Religion is the Lutherans The chief Order of Knighthood in it is that of the Elephant their Badge a Collar powdered with Elephants towered supporting the Kings Arms and having at the end the Picture of the Virgin Mary The Arms of the Land are Quarterly Of three Lions passant Vert crowned of the first for the Kingdome of Denmark and two Gules a Lion rampant Or crowned and armed of the first in the Paws a Dansk hatchet Argent for the Kingdome of Norway there are two Arch-Bishops thirteen Bishops This King is allyed to the Crown of England Queen Ann Wife to King Iames being Aunt to this present King Frederick Twice in twenty years not to mention other Wars before hath this Crown been endangered by the Swedes but more neerly in 1657 and 8 when the King of Sweden Carolus Gustavus being drawn out of Poland to prevent the Dane then in Arms against him with strange success almost over-run his Countrey In a most hard Winter he passed his Arms and Canon over the Sea from the Continent unto the Island of Funen where he overthrew the Dane took Cronenburg Castle which Commanded the Sound and at last laid Seige to Copenhaguen the chief City of Denmark where attempting a Storm by night he was repulsed with the loss of three thousand Men and soon after the Hollanders with a Fleet in spight of his Navy and the said Castle entered and relieved the Town with Conceit whereof and a violent Feaver the said King not long after deceased and the Danes in gratitude and Honour of their King Frederick who had so bravely defended and stood by them consented to make that Kingdome hereditary as now it is established all the Estates having done Homage which before was onely Elective the Family of this King afore injoying onely the Crown of Norway by descent and inheritance This Prince suffered much for siding with the Dutch against the English in the late difference seizing there twenty of our Merchant-men on pretence of his Aunts Dower but was forced at last to make recompense for the dammages which the Dutch undertook for him Sweden is a great and mighty Kingdome bordering on the East upon Muscovia on the south upon the Baltick Sea and Denmark on the West upon Norway and on the North upon the Finmark and the Zurick Sea The Merchandises it selleth are Copper Iron Lead costly Furrs Buff and Ox-hides Goat-skins Tallow Pitch Barley Mault Hazel-nuts and such like things their Religion is Lutheran the Arms of the Kingdom Azure three Crowns Or It hath two Arch-Bishops eight Bishops It is a wonder and Men can scarce comprehend how this Nation is come to this greatness to make War in so many parts of Europe being to pass over the Sea or how they get so many Men in Arms the Dominions thereof being large but not populous so that there never came from thence sixty thousand Men. It was reported that many Women in Mens clothes supplyed their places and fought like Amazons The beginning of this upstart greatness was from Charles Duke of Sunderman who being Uncle to Sigismond King of Sweden by Descent and of Poland by Election upon his seating himself in that Kingdom and constituting his Uncle Vice-Roy of his Native Kingdome of Sweden he with the consent of the Senators assumes the Crown and maintaines it against his Nephew whereupon ensued divers Battels the Usurper wafting over his Swedes into Poland and beginning an offensive War when he dying his Son the Great Gustavus prosecuted it afresh till after various Successes a Truce was concluded on before the expiration of which he fell with that strange success into Germany before said After his death his Daughter Christina was Crowned and Reigned seventeen years when another occasion of War hapning they judging her not capable to mannage it procured her to renounce her right to the Crown and resign it to her kinsman Carolus Gustavus who with a powerfull Army invaded Poland prompted thereunto by Cardinal Mazarine and the Usurping Protector of England who by an Ambassador Mr. Whitlock projected that Invasion to keep the Arms of the House of Austria in suspence and attendance of the issue of that War which were raised to the assistance of the Spaniards then in War with both French and English Carolus Gustavus dying as aforesaid the Crown is placed on the head of his Son Charles a Child of five years old by his Wife the Daughter of the Duke of Holsteyn Of their late Conquests within these fourty years there remains to that Crown all Pomerania and the Arch-Bishoprick of Brâ—…men in Germany besides other less Provinces gained from the Dane and several Islands
Spain or Portugal The mortality that happened there at our first Landing proceeding either from the griping Monopoly of some hoarding Officers or through want of timely recruits or through some fatal Conjunction of the superiour Luminaries It is by good Experience found to be a temperate climate for all 't is scandalized with the Fiction of the Torrid Zone the Heat in the day time being alwayes allayed with the Sea-Breezes which rise with the Sun and the Nights are by an interchangeable and never-failing intercourse refreshed with Land-Breezes Nor is the fertility lesse propitious than the temperature producing in as great abundance as any where in the Indies Sugar-Canes Tobacco Cotton Maez or Indian Corn Potatoes Yaums and Coco-Nuts the Earth continuing its Spring and being green and florid all the year long Here are store of Hogs fatned by what drops from the Trees whole Herds of Beeves which before they were frighted by our unskilful method of killing them by shot fed by 1000 in the Savana's or large Champion fields but now sculk in the Woods and Coverts and appear not but by night Here are also a number of wilde Horses well shaped and very serviceable being all bred of Spanish Gennets which may be bought for 3 l. sterling and will yield 6000 l. of Sugar at Barbadoes There are likewise excellent plenty of choice Timber Trees and Wood for the Dyers use as Fustick Brasiletta and Ebony and a kind of Logwood China Roots Gum Guaiacum Lignum Vitae Cassia c. There are also abundance of Cocoa Trees which the Spaniard reckons one of his chiefest Incomes which may be yearly improved There is one Rarity more which is the Alligator or Indian Crocodile some of them 6 or 7 foot long but they cannot hurt a man if he be aware of them their motion being slow and head and body must move together There are no Mines found out yet but they are not to be despaired of in the prosecution of the Plantation The English have built a new Town at Cagway point of about 600. Houses where at present the Governour resides having quitted the City of S. Iago de la Vega the Spaniards chief town which is seated in a pleasant Savana This City was some 30 years ago plundred by General Iackson who came with 500 men from St. Christophers and in spight of 2000 Spaniards in a readinesse to receive him and 7 Barricadoes such was the Mariners exceeding greediness of spoil forced the Town and plundered it and made the Spaniard give him a great sum to boot to spare it from the fire it had formerly 2000 houses and 16 Churches and Chappels and now but 600 Houses the Skeleton of two Churches and an Abbey Point Cagway is very well fortified and has Guns in it as good as any the Tower had there is also another Plantation of the English in one Regiment at Port Morant who have already made it considerable by planting several Commodities After Venables left the Island the Government was devolved to the eldest Collonel and afterwards Cromwel sent Collonel Brain to command them who died there and then it was conferred on Collonel Doyley who hath been happily active in promoting this Colony and is yet Governour till the Arrival of the Lord Windsor sent thither with a Patent from the King and Grant of the whole Island under whose care it is likely to flourish The King of Spain's Dominions in the West-Indies IT will be unnecessary and of no use to insist much upon the Countries subject to the King of Spain in America because we have no traffique in those parts the King of Spain forbidding and keeping all men from thence with as much diligent watchfulness as the Dragon did the Golden or Hesperian Apples With much difficulty he obtained his Mines severall supplies being lost and his Colonies ready to depart besides the frequent Fights betwixt themselves in point of private advantages several Governours supplanting one another by Tragical means the principal whereof was Columbus that successeful Captain Ferdinandus Cortesius Marquiss of the Valley Pizarro Almagrus Vasca and Blasco By Cortesius Atabalipa King of Peru was taken Prisoner in which are his Mines of Potossi c. Who refusing a dangerous peace offered by the Spaniard by the fortune of the War was made a Prisoner and for his ransome sending to his chief City of Cuscon and other places of his Kingdome filled his Prison being a reasonable Hall with Gold and Silver and yet neverthelesse lost his Life being strangled by the deliberate advice of his Enemies who substituted his Brother in his place The Indians upbraiding the Spaniard with their Cruelty and Covetousnesse and calling Money their God bidding them to eat it It is reported when they first entred the Country they shooed their Horses with Gold and Silver To our discourse this Countrey is divided into Mexicana and Peruana That part of America which is called Mexicana is divided into three several parts according to the scituation of the Land in Plains Mountains and lesse Hilly grounds Out of these Countries are brought over into Europe Gold Silver Bezoar and other precious stones Sarsaparilla and Sugar in abundance Brasil-Wood Cotton costly Plumes Jackanapes several sorts of curiously feathered Birds and many more Drugs and Merchandize We will run over only the several Countries and so conclude The first is the Island of Hispaniola famous for our Defeat before the chief City of St. Domingo though formerly sacked without much opposition by Sir Francis Drake It is seated in 18 19 and 20 degrees of Northern Latitude being 150. Leagues long East and West inhabited chiefly by Negroes which with the Spaniards make not in all above 500. the Commodities are Ginger Sugar Cotton Wool c. and Tallow and Hides 100000. yearly gotten of the wild Cattel which are the biggest in the World The next is the I le of Cuba lying West from Hispaniola 200. Leagues long East and West the broadest part not 45 the Commodities the same with Hispaniola the Land neither so pleasant nor wholsome In it is the Town of Havana in 22. degrees the great resort of the Spanish Fleet the Harbour strongly secured by two Castles Next Porto Rico 15 Leagues from Hispaniola 45 Leagues long East and West 23 broad then Sancta Crux in 16 degrees and a half the Virgins Virgin Gorda Blances Anagada Sambrito Angula St. Martins in 17 degrees and a half once possest by the Spaniards now by the Dutch as is Eustas likewise More Southwardly is Trinidado I le 50 Leagues long and 70 broad Margareta Tortuga Gardiner Caracute Calava and Tamasca On the Continent the Spaniard hath Florida which begins in 34 degrees the Gulf hereof is notable having two Entrances the one between Youcatan and Cuba where the stream cometh fiercely in the other is between Cuba and the Cape of Florida where it runneth more violently out New Spain Besides this Province of Florida the King of Spain in this Nothern America
of all the Provinces of the Kingdom of New-Galicia and the most Southerly It hath all sorts of Grain Herbs and Fruits of New-Spain and plenty of Kine Horses and Swine It is a wholesome good air and hath many silver mines the chief City and Head of the Kingdom is Guadalaira in twenty degrees The Province of Mechoacan lyeth between the Province of Mexico and the Kingdom of New-Galisia it hath in breadth by the coast of the South Sea fourscore leagues and threescore within land Here are many good Mines and it is a fruitful land and hath much Wheat Millet Coco all sorts of Spanish fruits Cotton-wool the rich drug of Choconeel store of Cattel and Fish and the Indians are industrious and given to labour the chief City is Mechoachan it stands in eighteen degrees fifteen minutes and forty and seven leagues from Mexico The Province of Mexico falleth between Mechoacan and Talasvalia it hath in length North and south one hundred and thirty leagues and in breadth eighteen Guaxcaca Province cometh to the Coast of the South Sea and it lyeth between Mexico and Gutamalia Province along the coast of the South Sea one hundred leagues Soconusco is the Westerliest Province of the Kingdom of Gutamalia it joyneth to the Province of Guaxcaca from whence it lieth on the Southeast thirty four Leagues and far into the Land It is plentiful of Wheat Coco Millet and Cattel The Province of Gutamalia is the head of the Kingdome of Gutamalia it joyneth to the Province of Soconusco and on the South Sea it stretcheth 70 leagues the Country is of a good temperature and plentiful of Cotton-Wool Wheat Millet and Cattel and other Seeds and fruits the Winds and Rains in October are very furious This Province hath abundance of Gold some Silver store of Balm and liquid Amber Copal Suchicopal excellent liquors and the Gumme animi with the Beasts that breed the Bezoar stone But the Volcans here are very noysome to those that lie near them for they often burst forth casting out fire-stones and ashes And here are more of those Volcans or fire-pits than in all India besides The Province of Chiapa is an inland Province it is Mediterrauean to Soconusco Mexico Tabasco and Verapas and in length forty leagues and something less in breadth It hath store of Wheat Millet and other Grain and Seeds much Cattel but few Sheep Verapas is also an inland Province of Gutamalia and is Mediterranean to Chiapa Youcatan Honduras and Gutamalia of thirty Leagues over it is a moist Country and it hath plenty of Millet and Wheat Cotton-Wool Coco and much of that sort of Fowls whose feathers make the rare coloured Indian pictures and this is a great Merchandise amongst them Panama hath a Council that hath for Jurisdiction no more then the Province of Panama and the election of the Governour of Veragua in regard they are appointed Principals of the Navigation for the dispatch of Peru and ordering the King of Spains Treasure which is yearly transported to Porto Belio over the straight of Darien and from thence to Spain It adjoyneth on Carthagena and Popian to the south-east and south-West The air at Panama is extream unwholsome and the place very sickly but it is mended and made durable by the Trade is brought in by the vast sums yearly brought there to carry to Spain of which the Inhabitants get part The Countrey of Carthegena lyeth on the north sea and is parted from the Province of Panama by the River of Darian from whence to the River Magdalen is fourscore leagues The Land is mountainous and hilly full of high trees this Region is fruitful in some places and in other some as Barren The Seed of England will grow but in few parts of this Countrey but here are many Cattel Horses and Swine The temperature of this Countrey is hot and very rainy neither is their Mines worked either of Gold or Silver but much rozen and liquors which they have from the Trees and Sanguis Draconis Granado THis Kingdome lyeth from the Sea adjoyning on the South part of Cartagena It is a very rich Countrey in Mines of Emralds Gold Steel and Copper store of Pastures with all sorts of Cattel Wheat Millet Fruits and Herbs The Indians are great Traders and able men of body ingenious in the Sciences of the Spaniards The Merchandise cometh up the River Magdalen on which this Land lyeth The Province of Sancta Martha lyeth between Cartagena and the River Hacha on the North sea It is a plentiful Country of Millet Potatoes much Gold Emralds and other rich Stones and Copper The Province of Venesiula lyeth on the north Sea parted from Sancta Martha by the River of Hacha on the east is the Province of Suava or New Andulesia as the Spaniards call it The Coasts of the Sea is near one hundred and thirty leagues of length In this Land are veins of Gold of more than two and twenty Caracts and a half It is plentiful of Wheat and other Seeds for there are two Harvests in a year It hath abundance of all kind of Cattel great and smal Cotton and Salsaparilla Guana This Region comprehendeth all the Land that lyeth between the Province of Venesiula and Brasill which beginneth at two degrees of South latitude this Land is more famous for report than for any certain knowledge of the riches thereof The Provinces of Plate take name from the River on which they lie the passage to them is up the said River but they are almost on the back of Brazil They are large and far wholsomer than Brazil plenty of Sugar Ginger Wine Wheat Millet all sorts of English Fruits store of Cattel Swine and Horses but no mines that are worked They are subjected by the Spaniards and united to the Council of Peru on the South Sea for nearness of lying to that Kingdome there is a common passage from these Provinces thither by land over the Mountains the most of the Land is indifferently inhabited The Coast of Chilia reacheth to twenty eight degrees of South latitude This Region is wholesome above all other in the Indies being of an excellent temperature as neither too hot nor too cold It is abundantly Rich in Gold and Silver Mines and all sorts of Cattel and Grain Fruits and excellent and pleasant Wine The Country men are strong and valiant beyond compare which the Spaniards know to their great cost for they could never totally subdue this Nation The bounds of this Council of Charcas stretcheth from Chilia to Peru It hath abundance of Cattel of all kinds great shag-haired Sheep bigger than Goats that carry great burthens on their backs store of Corn of all sorts Fruits and Wine much Gold and the greatest Mines of Silver in the World There are few Spanish Towns and but one but Port in regard the Spaniards get neat the Hill of Potosi to the City Imperial which lyeth in nineteen degrees of latitude far from the Sea and delivereth that
sailing towards the North about on thousand six hundred forty further than Guinny discovered divers Lands and passing on the South-side sailed about the East coast of New Guinny and so going on Westward he came to the Indies whence we may certainly gather that all the former descriptions and definitions of the Magellanick and unknown Lands are but mean abuses and certain devised Fables These Lands and Countries being subdued in the space of 60 years with much blood and hazard were settled as his Dominions in the year 1550 from which time they have continued without any remarkable alteration setting aside some private inroads of the English Dutch and French till the business of Iamaica which now threatens some danger to the vast and potent body of the Spanish Empire Brazil This Province beginneth where Guana endeth at two degrees of south latitude where there is a point called the Cape of Snakes from whence it lyeth along the Coast of the North-Sea to twenty five degrees and on the back-side west lyeth the Provinces of the River of Plate The air is the whole year through very hot the Winter which your Summer distinguished only with the rain that falleth at that season Here are many venemous Worms and great Serpents 't is plentiful of Pastures Cattel and Horses little Millet and no English grain wherefore their bread is Casabi or Potatoes which are in great plenty There are great shews of silver and gold but none gotten nor Mines certainly known The chief commodity is Sugar Cotton-wool Bombast and Brazil wood It hath near the Sea-coast about 20. Portugal Towns many Ingeniowes or Sugerworks the first Town of the Country is called Tamerico and five leagues to the south of that Farnambuck or Recif then All Saints a hundred leagues from Farnambuck in fourteen degrees forty minutes The Town of the Sure-haven in 16 degrees and a half the Holy-Ghost in 20. There is another Town on the River Generio in twenty three degrees near which they cut much Brasil-wood There are on the coast eight or ten Ports more principal than the rest which are the River Saint Dominick north-northeast of Farnambuck by the Cape of Saint Augustine which standeth in nine degrees The Island of Tamerico before rehearsed the River of Saint Francis in ten degrees and a half It is very great The Bay of All Saints is three leagues and thirteen up into the land The River of Trinidado and the River of Canamon in 13 degrees and a half and the River of the Virgins in 16 and Portesceurae in 17. The River of Parague in twenty near the Town of Sanctus Spiritus and in twenty three degrees Cold Cape beyond Saint Vincent This Province hath been in difference betwen the Portugeses and West-India Company of Holland and as the Dutch got great footing there without right so the Portugals since their falling from Spain have surprized them again and recovered them by the same slight they got the East-Indies from us but not with such vile murthers as they committed on the English This Reconquest of it by the Portugal from the Dutch was in 1654 the strong Fort of Recif which held out the last being delivered to them with the whole Land by certain Articles which contained the whole surrender for which the Dutch General there Sigismond Schop at his comming home into Holland was tried for his life but his Friends or the Justice of his Cause preserved him And thus now God enabling me I have finished the Description of the World and the four parts thereof and leave my endeavours herein to the judgement of the Reader The chiefest Cities of America with the Names of the Rivers IN the Northern part of America are Greenland East-land and Iceland in which are the Towns of Bearford and Scalbod In Canada or new France are the Towns of Quebec and Port-Royal some degrees more southerly are New-England the New-Low-countries Virginia the Isles of Bermudes and more southerly of them the Islands of Barbadoes and Saint Christophers In Virginia are the towns of Iames In New-England the towns of Plimmouth and Boston the Rivers in Canada that be most famous are the River of Canada or Saint Lawrence the River of Chesseapeac or Powatan Trinity and the River of May. The Cities in New-Mexico that are most remarkable are the End and the Granado In Hispaniola is the City of Domingo in Cubai the City called Havana In the Isle of Iamaica the City called Sevilla In the Island of Boriquenrie Puerto-Rico In Florida is Saint Augustino In Mexico or New-Spain are these great Cities Mexico Mechoacan or Wallodolid Saint Estevan Del Puerto Los-Angeles Antequera De la Vetoria Meroda Guadalaida Compostella Saint Sebastian Saint Miguel Gernada and Zacateca There are also Saint Iago De Guatimala Guevetulan Cividad Real Verapax Valadolid or Commagaiva Leoa de Nicaragua Cartago La Conception Porto ello and Panama The Rivers here most famous are North of New-Mexico Spiritu Sancto towards the east Spiritu Sancto towards the west Econdido Panuco Barania Zacatula and Desaguadero de Nicaragua In Terra Firma are the famous Cities of Cartagena Saint Martha Saint Fe de Bogatta Na Sa de los Remedios Veneznella O Cori Cordova Lannuenâ—… O Comana Manoa O el Dorado In Peru are these remarkable Cities Cali Popaian Saint Francisco de Quito Bacca Saint Iuan de las Selinas Lima O los Reyes Cusco Potosi la Plata Sancta Cruz de la Sierra Saint Iago de Chili and L' Imperiale The Rivers which are most famous in Terra Firma and in Peru the River Grand O de Darien the River Grand O de Santa Martha Paria Orinoque Essequebe and Desaguedero de Peru. In the south part of America is Terra Magellanica where is the City of Del Rey Felippe there are the Magellan Isles and Terra del Foco. In Brasil are these fifteen memorable Cities Para Maranhan Ciara Potenii Paraiba Tamaraca Olinda Seregippe Saint Salvador Los Isteos Porto Seguro Spiritu Sancto Sancte Sebastian Los Santos and Farnambuck The Rivers in Brasile are Orelane or des Amazones Maragnan O de Mirari Tabacourn the great River of Potengi the River Zoyal In Ria de plata are the Cities of Saint Iago del Festero Cordova de Tucuman L. Assumtion Cividad Real O Ontiveros The River here that is most famous is called Paraguay FINIS A Catalogue of some Plates Maps Pictures and Copy-books that are Printed and Sold by John Overton dwelling at the sign of the White Horse next door to Little Saint Bartholomews Gate in Little Brittain General Maps A Map of the World A most excellent Map of England Scotland and Ireland A Map of France A new Map of England adorned and beautified with the chief Cities and Towns thereof more exact than hitherto Maps of Shires Kent two sheets Essex Surrey Hartfordshire Norfolk Suffolk Staffordshire Warwickshire Worcestershire Leicestershire and Rutland in one Cheshire Lancashire Virginia Pictures of Men in Quarto The Picture of Oliver Cromwell Sir Tho. Overbury Cardinal Wolsey Sir Tho. Gresham D. of Buckingham Prince Princess of Orange Prince Rupert Prince Maurice E. of Salisbury Mr. Brightman Bish. Usher Dr. Eravius M. Shelton Gen. Lashly L. Say E. of Pembrook E. of Manchester Great Sheets The Pourtraictures of their most excellent Majesties King Charles 2d and Queen Katherine most excellently Graven to the life beyond all Draughts before in Imperial Paper The Pourtraictures of all the Royal Progeny Battel of Nazeby 2 sheets with observations Dunbar-battel in 2 sheets 4 Plates of signs or badges for Inns or Taverns 42. The City of London Gunpowder Treason and 88. The Arms of the Trades and Corporations of London 74. A Death Jerusalem 2 sheets Collonel Ludlow on Horseback X Commandments X Persecutions of Christians Orpheus Copy-Books Some late Copy-Books by Ed. Cocker with several Books of Flowers Beasts Birds Flies and Worms very delightful and useful to all Naturalists A Book of Flowers and Fishes with the same curiosity of Art Davis Copy-Book Billingsley in Quarto Billingsley in Octavo One published by P. S. 2d by Lewis Hews 2d called Hancocks 22. Plates And all other sorts of Copy-Books that are to be had in London Books for Draughts of Men Birds Beasts Flowers Fruits Flyes Fishes c. 1 Book of J. Fullers Drawings 15. plates 1 Book of Draughts of Mr. Hollars work and Mr. Vanderburghs 18 plates Flora 13 plates Beasts Birds c. 1 Book of Birds sitting on sprigs 16 plates 1 Book of Beasts 1 Book of branches 11 plates 1 Book of Flowers 12 Plates for Cheese trenchers Pictures in Sheets of their Excellencies Rob. E. Essex Tho. L. Fairfax Also O. Cromwell Divers Pictures of Mr. Payn Hollar Faythorn Pumbarp Gaywood and other Artists works And all other sorts of Maps Pictures Copy-books c. that are usually sold in black and white and in Colour Minerva and 7 liberal Arts. FINIS The Earth The Air. The Fruits