beyonde the Equinoctiall 7224. myles from London and the moone chaungeth rather then at London by .5 howres .0 minutes and the longest Summer daye with them is our shortest Winter daye for that the pole Antartick or south pole is aboue the Horizon and is .16 howres .36 minutes c. The great riuer of Plate the longitude 327. degrees the latitude is the South pole 35. degrees and is South Southwest 5685. myles from London and the Moone chaungeth rather then at London by .3 howres 32. minutes and their longest summer day is in our winter is 14. howres .30 mynuts long Cappe Crusos the Eastermost part of all America is coÌ„monly called the cost of Brasell the longitude 345. degrees the latitude 5. degrees of the south pole and is South Southwest 3792 myles froÌ„ London the Moone changeth rather then at LondoÌ„ 2. houres 20. mi. the loÌ„gest day is about .12 houres .30 minuts Cappe de planco the longitude .306 degrees the latitude 5. degrees is southwest and by West 4547. myles from LondoÌ„ and the Moone changeth rather 4. howres .56 minutes and the longest daye is about 12. howres 20. minutes c. Cappe S. Marthae the loÌ„gitude .284 degrees the latitude 12. degrees and is west southwest to the southwards 5103. myles from London and the Moone chaungeth rather by 60. howres 24. minutes and the longest daye is 12 howres 45. minutes Carthagena the longitude .282 degrees the latitude 10. degrees .15 minutes and is West Southwest and to the South 5316. myles from London the moone changeth rather by .6 howres 32. mynutes and the longest day is 12. howres .38 minutes Nomber de Deus the longitude 276. degrees the latitude 7. degrees and is West Southwest 5685. myles from London and the moone chaungeth rather by 6. howres 56. minutes and the longest daye is .12 howres 25. mynutes c. The great famous Citie of Mexico the principallest place in all America the longitude .238 degrees the latitude .21 degrees 30. minutes and is West and by south 6844. myles from London and the moone chaungeth rather then at London by 9. howres 28. minutes and the longest day is 13. howres 20. mynutes The riuer of Palme in Floryda the longitude 260. degrees the latitude 39. degrees .20 minutes and is West and to the Southwardes 5034. miles from London and the moone chaungeth rather then at London by 8. howres .0 minutes and the longest daye is 14. howres 45. minutes The Cape of Cerra Floryda the longitude .272 degrees the latitude 31. degrees and is West and by Southe .4935 myles from London and the moone chaungeth rather by 7. howres .12 minutes the longest daye is .14 howres .6 minutes c. Perru in America the longitude .290 degrees the latitude hath the South pole 5. degrees and is Southwest and by West .5528 myles from London and the moone chaungeth rather then at London 6. howres 0. minutes and their longest daye is but .12 howres .20 mynutes Pannama a Towne or Citie vppon the Sea Coaste of Mare de Sur or South sea the longitude .276 degrees the latitude .20 degrees 40. minutes and is Southwest and by West and to the Westwardes 5794 myles from London and the Moone chaungeth rather by 6. howres 56. minutes and the longest day is 12. howres 15. minutes Tumbes a Port in the Prouince of Peru vpon the cost of the South Sea the longitude 276. degrees the latitud 12. degrees of the Antartick pole and is Southwest and by West 6045. myles from LondoÌ„ and the moone chauÌ„geth rather by 6 howres 56 minutes and the longest day is but .12 howres 15. minutes in our Winter Baculaius is on the north-Northeast ende of America commonlye called the new founde Lande the longitude of the midle of them is 320. degrees the latitude of the midle thereof is .54 degrees and is West and to the North partes .2200 myles from London the moone chaungeth rather by 3. howres .59 minutes and the longest daye is 16. howres 58. minutes The Lande of Labrador the longitude of the Eastermost Cape is 320 degrees the latitude thereof 63. degrees and the moone chaungeth rather by 3. howres 95. minutes and is West Northwest and to the Northwardes .2768 myles from London and the longest day is 20. howres 0. minutes longe And thus I doe ende the discription of the mayâ—e or firme land of America c. The ninth Chapter sheweth the Longitude and the Latitude and the other thinges before hearsed of certayne of the most principalle Ilands of Europe within the midle earth Sea and also of the moste principalle Ilands of Asia and America ANd now shall folow the longitude and the latitude and the other thinges before rehearsed of Certayne of the most notablest Ilands of all Asia and America and also of Europe and fyrst of certayne of the most principall Ilands in the midle earth Sea And fyrst the Iland of Cicilia being the principallest Iland in all that Seas the midle therof hath longitude 37. degrees the latitude 36. degrees and is Southeast and by South 1178. miles from London and the Moone chaungeth later by 1. howre .8 minutes and their longest daye is 14. howres .30 minutes c. The Ilande of Corsica the myddle thereof hath longitude 31. degrees the latitude 40. degrees is Southeast and by South 829. myles from London and the moone chaungeth later by .44 minuts and their longest day is 14. houres 50. minutes c. The Ilande of Sardinia the myddle hath longitude 31. degrees the latitude 38. degrees and is South Southeast and to the Eastwardes .932 myles from London and the Moone chaungeth later by 44. minutes and their longest day is .14 houres 40. minutes long c. The Ilande of Maiorica the myddle hath longitude .17 degrees the latitude 38. degrees 30. mynutes and is South and a little to the Westwardes .792 myles from London and the Moone chaungeth rather by 12. minutes and the longest day is 14. houres 43. minutes c. The Ilande of Minorica the longitude .20 degrees the latitude 39. degrees and is due South .752 myles from London the Moone chaungeth at that tyme that it dooth at London and the longest daye is .14 houres .45 minutes c. The Ilande of Candie the longitude .55 degrees the latitude 35. degrees .20 minutes and is Southeast and by East and to the Eastwardes 1791. myles from London and the Moone chaungeth later then at London by 2. houres .20 minutes and the longest day is .14 houres .25 minutes c. The Ilands of Nigropant the longitude .54 degrees the latitude 38. degrees and is East South and to the Southwardes 1643. myles from London and the Moone chaungeth later by 2. houres .16 minutes and the longest day is .14 houres .40 minutes c. The Ilandes called Ciclades the myddle of
to the Southward Cobbam Churche South and by East and ⅙ part to the Southwards Ruggon Hill the Mille South ◠¾ to the Westwards Mepham Church South and by West and ½ to the Westwarde Tilberye Bulwark and Grauesend South Southwest and ½ to the Southwardes Northe Fleete Churche Southwest and ¼ to the South Swanskam Churche Southwest and ¾ to the Westwarde Saint Clements church west and by South and ⅛ parte to the West Grayes thurrock West and ⅔ partes to the South Litle Thurock West and ⅖ partes to the Southwarde The Vineyarde Mill West and ⅕ part to the Southwarde And so I make an ende And then I drew lynes from the Center of the Circle to the Circumference to the title of the names of the Townes and so I passed by the right lynes to the furthest partes of the paper fyrst vpon the one Circle then vppon the other tyll that I had drawne so many Lines as that there were Townes in both Circles and there where that the Lynes dyd crosse the one the other I made a marke For there standeth the Towne as by this Ensample it doth appeare The .16 chapter sheweth you how for to make a Trouke or skalle of measure in a mappe or Carde whereby you may know the distance in myles that it is from one towne to an other Now this being done you may know the distance from any one towne to an other For as many townes as you haue obserued and if you lyst you may goe from place to place tyll that you haue obserued and taken all the Townes in a whole region or countrie as thus first measure the distance in myles frō any one towne to another then that distance being knowne make a Tronke or Skall of measure with a pare of compasses according to the distance taken with the compasses betwene those .2 townes in the paper Then that being truly diuided into myles and halfe myles and quarters of myles then you may know the distance from one towne to an other thorowe all a whole region or countrye by the replying it with a payre of compasses as you maye perceaue by the rule or Skall made vppon the other side of the paper and the roundles with the prickes in the middle be myles and the prickes measured betwene them is one quarter of a myle as ensample for the makyng of a Tronke or Skall First I measured the distaunce between Northfleete Church Grauesend Church found the measure vpon the right lyne a myle and halfe a quarter and then I made a Tronke of Skall in the card as thus then I toke a payre of compasses and measured the distance from the crossing of the .2 lynes of the .2 circles of the Tytle of Grauesende and the Tytle of Northefleete and then I finding the measure to be a myle and ⅛ partes of a myle I did rebate the .8 part of a myle and then that which did remayne was iust a myle and then according to that proportion of measure I made a Skall or Tronke of measure on the side of the .2 Circles and deuided it into .4 equall parts and euerie one of these parts to be one quarter of a myle as by the demonstration afore made it doth appeare Now whensoeuer that you do desire for to know the distance from any one towne to an other then take your compasses and open the compasses to the widenesse betwene the .2 townes that the one foote might stande vpon the one Towne and the other vpon the other Then set your compasses to the Skall or Tronke of measure there shall you see the distance of myles open with halfe myles and quarters of myles as for ensample this by certayne places afore named which is Clyffe Church and the vinyarde mylle and the third to be Grauesende And the vinearde mille and Clyffe church the one beareth from the other by a right lyne East west Clyffe Church a quarter and halfe a poynt to the Northe of the East and the vinyard mille a quarter of a poynt to the South of the west and the distance betwene them by a ryght lyne ouer the water and the land .8 myles and ⅖ partes of a myle and Clyffe Churche beares from Grauesende East Northeast and to the North and the distance ouer the water and the lande by a ryght lyne 4. myles and ⅙ part of a myle Then the vinyarde mill bare from Grauesende West and by North and part of a poynt to the North and the distance to the mill from Grauesend .4 myle and ¾ partes of a myle as by this ensample it dothe appeare And now you knowing the distance vnto any place assygned you may know the height of any hill or the deepnesse of any valley by the order declared in the Chapter there by the Scall or els by the degrees c. The .17 Chapter sheweth vnto you how you may make a carde or mappe for any countrie placing in it the true Longitude and the true Latitude And also how for to know the true longitude and the true latitude NOw furthermore if that you liste you may make a carde bewtify it at your pleasure make it fairer you may drawe the longitude and the latitude of euery place as thus first you may take the distance of euery Towne and Village and Hill or any other notable marke whatsoeuer it be and then make a marke for the name of such a Towne according to the obseruation that you haue obserued afore bothe the distance and towards what coste of the contrey the Towne doth declyne according to the crossing of the .2 lynes placing in it the principal ryuers or waters and then in the very midle of the mappe or carde make a Meridian lyne to the intēt for to rule al the rest of the work And then in the margent of the card from the South to the North vpon both of the edges of the mappe or card place the latitude of the country that is to say at how many degrees that the pole Artick is lyfted aboue your Horizon as you may know it by your Astrolobe by the altitude of the same vpon the Merydian lyne knowing what declination the Sun hath vpon that day of the moneth that you take the height of the Sunne And then if that the Sunne hath North declination you must substract or pull away the Suns declination with degrees and minutes if South declination you must adde or putte to the Sunnes declination with degrees and minutes and then that which shal remayne shall be the altitude of the Equinoctial Then pull that sūme out of .90 degrees with degrees and minuts the remaynder shal be the height of the North pole Artick aboue the Horizon And furthermore you may know the latitude of any Towne or Countrey by the starres of the South or starres of the North knowing there iust declination from the Equinoctial dooing by them as you doe by
Amerrica or Bay of Mexico and so reuerseth backe agayne and so thorowe the Cannel or Chanell of Bayhaina between the Cappe of Terra Florriday the great Ilande of Coba goyng from the West into the East which is the cause that those that doo go into the West Indies doo fyrst goe to the Cannaries and so to the Westwardes to the intent to haue the currant to the Westwardes into the Bay of Mexico and then when they doo returne home then they doo go by the North part of the Bay of Mexico through the chanel of Baphamea for that the currant dooth reuerse backe from the West into the East so that they haue the currant or streame to help them backe home agayne c. And theÌ„ in lyke maner partlye the currant that commeth about Cape bone sperance being beaten by the mayne lande of America as is sayde before part runneth or goeth thorowe the strayght of Magalenus and partly thorowe the great Golfe or Bay of Mexico as before is rehearsed and part dooth reuerse or goe backe alongest the coast of the South land that lyeth on the South side of the straightes of Magalenus where the South pole or pole Anterticke is raysed more theÌ„ .50 degrees and so goeth backe from the West into the East alongest the South Coast vntyl it dooth come into the East Occian sea agayne c. And this is the principallest currant as those that doo occupie those partes by sea doo knowe and these currantes are wel knowen to runne continually alwayes one way c. The seconde sort of currantes or streames is this as it is seene in dyuers places that they shall haue a currant or streame where it dooth not ebbe flow that alwayes doth goe vnto the windewards But that neuer happeneth but in the tyme of great wind and the cause thereof is this that the sea beyng wrought or troubled with great stormes of wynd dooth rayse great bellowes or waues or great knottes in the sea and that runneth rollyng with the wynde and dooth cause the water too bee vnleuell or vneuen as it is the nature of water to seeke to the lower partes tyll that it doth come vnto his leuel so by that meanes as the wind beareth the water in the sea with great waues or bellowes so the currant in the water dooth goe agaynst the wynd to come vnto his leuel againe as the experience thereof is seene in dyuers places where it dooth not ebbe and flowe as in the myddle earth sea or leuant seas and within the SouÌ„d that is to say within Elson Nore that hath narrowe enterances and yet is great seas within which dooth take away the effect of ebbing and flowing for that the straight is not sufficient to let in water yeâ—â—ugh for to cause it too ebbe and flowe And this effecte in lyke manner is many tymes seene sometyme on the coast of Barbary and in such other lyke places where it dooth not ebbe and flowe c. The thirde sort of currants or streames that runneth in the Sea where it dooth not ebbe and flowe as by experience is seene in diuers places is caused by the sailyng into the Sea of some great and myghty Ryuer that the lande water commyng forceably downe the Ryuer and so emptyeth or runneth into the Sea dooth cause a currant to goe in the sea agaynst the mouth of the Ryuer as it is seene in the middle earth Sea agaynst the mouth of Nilus and also it is many tymes seene in the North partes at the spryng of the yeare when the Snowe and the Ise is melted or consumed into water And then agaynst the mouthes of such Ryuers as doo emptye them into those seas dooth cause a great currant to runne a great distance from the lande in such places as this effect happeneth in those seas c. The eyght Chapter sheweth the cause that the waters of the Sea are salt c. AND furthermore as touchyng the naturall cause that the water of the Sea is salt whereas the opinion of some Authors is as Aristotle other that it is made salte by the powers of the Sunne by the drawing of the fyne substance of the water vp into the ayre the Sea is made salt by that meanes Then if that were the whole cause theÌ„ the water of the Sea shoulde be most saltest vnder or neare the Equinoctiall For that the Sunne hath a greater force by the meanes of the direction of the shadow of the Sunne whereby the Sunne shoulde drawe or distil it more faster then it dooth in any of the other Clymates Yet notwithstandyng it is seene by experience that the water of the Sea is as salte in the Latitude of .60 degrees in the Occian Sea as it is vnder the Equinoctiall And as some haue sayde it is as salte in Iselande and at the North Cappe which is within the Polle or Cyrcle neare fyue degrees And there the Sunne cannot haue any great power for that the Sunne hath but a very glaunsyng shadowe in Iune And in the Wynter part of the yeare the Sunne wyll not appeare or ryse vnto them in the space of tenne Weekes And furthermore if the water of the sea were made salte onely by the powers of the Sunne then those seas must needes become freshe by another great cause and that is this For in the Spring of the yeare in the meltyng of the Snowe and the Ise there falleth such abundance of freshe water that it would make it freshe and yet the water is verye salt insomuch that in dyuers places in the North parte they doo make salt of the sea water although that it is not made by the heate or powers of the Sunne as it is made in Spayne and in Fraunce for that they doo make it in Scotlande with the heate of the fyre so as some haue sayde it is made in Rosey not farre from Sainct Nicolas And furthermore as it may be prooued the water is not made salt by the power of the Sunne for that the heade of the great Ryuer Nylus that commeth from the Mountaynes of the Moone hath Latitude beyond the Equinoctial twelue degrees And so in sundry places standeth in sundry great pooles not farre from the Equinoctial and so passeth from vnder the Equinoctiall vnto the Northwards and dooth empty it selfe in the middle earth sea and yet that water is fresh and not salt So that it is manifest that the powers of the Sun are not altogether the cause that the water of the sea is salt Wherfore in mine opinion the water of the sea is become salt by the Minerals or substance of the nature of the ground which is salt properly of it self and so mollified or soked that it turneth vnto water hauing anye moysture or lyquor to come vnto it As for an ensample that in sundrie places it is knowen that there is Salt found and dygged out of the ground and is perfect Salt and
beginneth the second booke shewing by longitude and by latitude the dystance vnto any Towne or Citie or place vpon the face of the earth keping one poynt or winde ouer the Sea and LANDE although that it be not the very nearest way for the very nearest way ouer the Sea and Land can not be by one poynt of the Compasse except it be vpon the Meridian lyne that is due South or due North from you or being vnder the Equinoctial to be due East or West But if it be in any other place from vnder the Equinoctiall although it be due East or West both the places to be vnder one Paralell yet in the going due East and West is not the nearest way ouer the Sea and Land but the next way ouer the Sea and Lande is by diuers wyndes or poyntes of the compasse and the further frō the Equinoctial to eyther of the two poles the greater chaunging of the poyntes of the compasse For the next way ouer the Sea and the Land vnto any place is to goe by the great circle which is equall vnto the Equinoctiall or the Meridian circle which will not be according vnto any one poynt of the compasse but vnto dyuers as for proofe thereof you shall haue this for an ensample thus that in the latitude of .60 degrees that there were two Townes or places in that paralell the one being opposite or right against the other that is .180 degrees and a degree in that paralel doth containe .30 myles And nowe to goe iust East or West in that paralel to come vnto the place assigned it is .5400 myles as for proofe therof multiply .180 tymes .30 but that is not the next way vnto the place assygned but the next way is to goe by the Merydian lyne that is to say to goe due North vntill you do come ryght vnder the pole and then to goe by that Merydian due South tyll you haue that latitude agayne and then it is but .3600 myles as you may knowe by playne multiplycation as it is from the latitude of .90 degrees vnto the pole to go due North .30 degrees and from the pole Southward agayne other .30 degrees that is in all .60 degrees and then to multyply .60 tymes .60 it sheweth the true dystance which is but .3600 myles And to goe by the paralell lyne that is due East or West then it is .5400 myles that is halfe so much more as by playne proofe you may know But if the two places be both vnderneth one paralel be shorter thē 180. degrees asūder thē it requireth to go by diuers points of the compasse and not by the Meridian according vnto the passing of the great circle which doth conteine in circumference 21600. myles which is the greatest compasse of the earth and not according vnto moe paralels then one which is the Equinoctial nether vnto no one poynt of the compasse for any poynt of the Compasse will bring you vnto the poles of the worlde or verye neare excepte those that be pararel which is East or West as all ryght lynes drawe being extended exceptynge lynes paralell will Crosse the other in the ende so all the poyntes of the Compasse doe winde vntyl they doe come vnto the poles or very neare the poles of the world as they be all Hilicall or Spherall lynes Wherefore there is no one poynt or wynde that can be prescribed to be the next way by that poynt vnto any place assygned but onely the Meridyan lyne or lynes and to goe East and West then to be vnder the Equinoctiall for the nexte way els is by sundry poyntes of the compasse c. Wherefore I omitte to say any more thereof but onely to shew vnto you how for to know the dystance vnto any Towne or place situated vpon the lace of the whole earth by any one assygned poynte of the compasse then for to knowe the true distaunce ouer the Sea and the lande And I doo shewe it thys waye for two causes the first is this for that it is not possible to passe the next way by the meanes of the frozen Zone Wherfore it is supposed that it is not nauigable in those Seas neyther passageable by lande in those Countreys and the seconde cause is this as before is declared in the goyng the next waye it dooth require to goe by sundry poyntes of the compasse which woulde be but a confused matter for the most part of those persons that doo desire to knowe the distaunce vnto any place assigned neyther shall he knowe so readily which way it standeth or beareth from him And furthermore in the knowing the distaunce vnto any place assigned and by what poynt of the compasse it beareth this is to be considered that the Longitude dooth begin at the Meridian of the Cannary Iland and so to follow vnto the Eastwardes and so ending at .360 againe at the Cannary Ilandes as I doo shewe in my booke called the Regiment for the Sea The second Chapter sheweth vnto you howe you may knowe the distaunce vnto any Towne situate vppon the face of the whole earth so that you do◠knowe the true Longitude and the true Latitude of them NOw furthermore if that you doo know the Longitude and the Latitude of any towne or townes situate vppon the earth you may know the distaunce vnto them as before is declared as thus If that the towne be iust East or West from you that is to say that your towne or place is vnder the Paralel that the other towne is that is to say that the Pole artike of that towne or place is so manye degrees aboue the Horizon as your towne is both in degrees and minutes then shall you seeke how many degrees of Longitude the other towne dooth differ frō yours then you shall seeke how many myles that one degree shal answere vnto it in that paralel and then you shall multiplie the one by the other that is to say the degrees by the myles and that summe which commeth of that multiplication shal be the distance betweene the two townes as for ensample thus by the Citie of London Answerpe in Brabant which differeth but .4 minutes in Latitude for at London the Pole is raised .51 degrees .32 minutes and at the Citie of Antwerpe the Pole is raised .51 degrees .28 minutes therefore we be both vnder one paralel Now the Longitude of London is from the Cannarie Ilandes .19 degrees and .54 minutes and Antwerpes Longitude is .26 degrees .36 minutes so that Antwerpe standeth East from London .6 degrees .42 minutes Now must I know how many miles a degree conteineth in that paralel and of that I doo make mention in my booke called The Regiment for the Sea in the .16 Chapter and that I doo finde to be .37 myles to one degree Thē I multiplie .6 times .37 because that it is .6 degrees .37 myles to one degree and of
that multiplication there commeth .222 Then there is .42 minutes more and that .42 minutes conteineth neare .26 myles so that the whole summe of myles from London to Antwerpe by a right East line ouer the Sea and the land is .248 myles Now furthermore if that towne or place haue that Longitude that your towne hath and hath another Latitude that is to saye that it dooth stande due South or North from you hauing all one Meridian lyne then must you looke howe manye degrees the other towne is Southe or Northe from your towne and then you knowyng that you maye knowe the distaunce to any Towne or place that standeth vnderneath your Meridian allowyng .60 myles for euery degree of Latitude as for ensample thus by the Citie of London and Roane in Normandie which hath in manner all one Longitude as the Citie of London hath .19 degrees .54 minutes of Longitude as afore is declared so hath the Towne of Roane .20 degrees .3 minutes which differeth 6. myles to the Eastwardes of the Meridian of the Citie of London and as it is afore rehearsed that the latitude of London is .51 degrees and .32 minutes the Latitude of Roane is 49. degrees and .10 minutes so that Roane standeth .2 degrees .22 minutes to the Southwardes of the Citie of London And then multiplie .2 tymes .60 which maketh .120 and then there is .22 minutes more then that commeth to .22 myles so that .120 myles and .22 myles maketh in al .142 myles the distance betweene the Citie of London and Roane â—uer the sea land by a ryght lyne betweene them Now furthermore if so be that any towne or countrie hath an other longitude and an other latitude then yours hath then to knewe the distance betweene theÌ„ you must woorke thus First looke what latitude that your towne hath and then looke the latitude of the other towne that you woulde knowe the distance vnto then that being knowne you must seeke the longitude of the other towne howe muche it doeth differ from yours then looke howe many myles of the latitude wyl answeare to one degree then that number beyng multiplied the number of degrees by the myles and that sheweth howe many myles that it is from the Meridian of your towne to the Meridian of the other towne Then the other towne hath an other latitude then yours hath and if the towne bee to the Northwardes of your towne then the degrees of that paralell shall bee shorter then the degrees of your paralell and if the latitude of the towne bee to the South partes of your towne then shal the degrees of the parallel be longer then the degrees of the parallel of your towne Then in like manner as you haue multiplied the number of myles by the degrees of your towne so in like manner you shall seeke howe many myles wyll annsweare vnto one degree in that parallel Then multiplye the degrees by the myles and it wyll shewe vnto you the distaunce of myles from the other towne too the Meridian of your towne then the distance of the Southermost towne from the Meridian is moe myles then the other towne is Therefore you shal adde or pull both your nuÌ„bers together and then take halfe that for your East and West line then shall you multyply the number of myles in it selfe and keepe it in memorye then you knowing the number of myles of Latitude that the one Towne doth differ from the other then in lyke maner you shall multyply that number in it selfe then the multiplycation of both the numbers you shall adde together then you shall by extraction of Rootes seeke the square Roote â— that being knowne shall be the iust distaunce by that poynte or right Lyne ouer the Sea and the Lande from the one Towne to the other as for ensample thus By the Citie of London and the Citie of Hierusalem nowe being destroyed whiche was somtime the most famous Citie on earth and the Latitude of London as afore is declared beinge 51. degrees 32. minutes and euery degree of our paralell is 37. myles and the Latitude of Hierusalem is 31. degrees and 22. minutes then for euery degree in that paralell shall be 51. myles Then I knowing the Longtitude of the Citie of London for to bee 19. degrees and 54. minutes then I doe seeke the Langtitude of Hierusalem and I finde it for to bee 65. degrees and 45. mynutes Then I doo pull away 19 degrees 54. minutes out of 65. degrees 45. minutes and then remayneth 45. degrees 51. mynutes and so many degrees and minutes is Hierusalem Easte from the Citie of London Then first I doe multiply the miles in a degree of our paralell as this beinge 45. degrees and 37. miles to one degree Therefore I doe multiply the one by the other that is 45. times 37. and of that multiplycation commeth 1665. then 51. minutes more and that commeth neare vnto 32. miles then put 32. vnto 1665. that maketh 1697. and so manye miles it is from the Citie of London vnto the Meridian lyne of Hierusalem And now you must multiplye the number of degrees into myles for the latitude of Hierusalem whiche is 51. myles to one degree in that paralel and the degrees be in number 45. degrees 51. minutes Therfore I doe multyplye 45. by 51. and of that multyplycation there commeth 2295. Then there is 51. minutes more and that commeth neare vnto 44. miles and put 44. vnto 2295. and that maketh 2339. and so manye myles it is betweene Hierusalem and the Meridian lyne of the Citie of London Then this being done I doe adde both the numbers together that is to say the number of miles in the paralel of London betweene both the Meridians the one being .1697 and the other for to be 2339. then addynge both these numbers together maketh 4036. then take halfe that number for your true East and West lyne whiche wyll be 2018. myles then I doe seeke the diuersitie beeweene the 2. paralels as thus The pole artick of London is raysed 51. degrees and 32. mynutes and the pole artick of Hierusalem is raysed 31. degrees and 22. minutes Then I doe substract 31. degrees 22. mynutes out of 51. degrees 32. minutes the remainder is 20. degrees 10. minutes then I doe multiplye the number of degrees by myles 60. miles to one degree because that they bee degrees of Latitude thus .20 times 60. of that multiplication commeth .1200 and then there is 10. mynutes more and those 10. minutes commeth to 10. miles so that the whole summe of myles from the paralel of London to the paralel of Hierusalem is 1210. myles And now for to fynde the true distance ouer the Sea and the land by a poynt or lyne you must doe thus by the exctactions of rootes Fyrst you must multiplye the Longitude and the number of myles in it selfe as it is afore rehearsed the halfe of the miles of the distaunce betweene the 2.
water as it is manifestly to be seene c. And furthermore as touching the ebbyng and flowyng vpppon the Coast of the Occient Sea for that it floweth generally a Southwest Moone so mine opinion is this by the meanes of the shuttyng or inclosyng of the Sea betweene America and Europe and Africa that it commeth to passe thus for the water cannot followe the course of the Moone for after that the Moone is past the Meridian in the Bay of America commonly called the Bay of Mexico that then the waters can no longer followe the course of the Moone for that it is letten by the mayne lande And then when the Moone dooth come rounde about vnto the Southeast then the powers of the Moone doo tracte or draw the waters vnto the Eastwardes by whiche meanes the waters hauing a great course or swaye vnto the Eastwardes are drawen so vehementlye by the powers of the Moone vntyll suche tyme as the Moone dooth come vnto the Meridian that it cannot sodaynely reuerse although the Moone bee paste the Meridian to the Westwarde as we maye see manye tymes by common experience that any thing forced to moue violentlye is not presently stayed but that it must haue a tyme in the staying as the force of the dryfte dooth decay which must be by litle and litle c. And so by that meanes the Mone is in the Southwest before the waters wylbe descended and for proofe thereof if that you doo put water in any broade or long vessell and sturre the water in such sort that it may swaye from one ende vnto the other and after that it hath begunne to sway from ende vnto end it wyll be a long tyme before it wyll stande styll for you cannot make it to staye vppon the sodayne but it wyll sway too and fro vntil that it dooth stay it selfe by litle and litle c. And furthermore as touching the ebbyng and flowyng in the other inferior Seas and Hauens and Ryuers that happeneth by this meanes as it is a full Sea in all the places vppon the West parte towardes the Occian Sea so that when it door finde the water of our inferior Sea lower then that which dooth come out of the Occian Sea then it runneth in vntil that it commeth to be leuel For the propertie of water is alwayes to runne vnto the lower partes and so by that meanes and also the sway that it hath it runneth and floweth into al Hauens and Harbours and Riuers as long as it fyndeth any place lower or inferior in hight vnto it selfe And then as soone as it fyndeth the water behynde it lower then it is before it then it stayeth and beginneth to runne backe agayne for as is sayde before the propertie of waters is alwayes to runne to the lower partes and by this meanes it floweth into al ryuers Hauens and Crickes vppon the Sea coast and in some place it dooth hygher flowe more water vpryght and dooth ebbe more water in lyke manner downe right then that it dooth in some other places and that happeneth by this meanes and if any place haue a wyde enterance and then afterwardes is shut vp into a narow roume hauing some distance to reuerse backe agayne then the water dooth ryse and flowe very hygh for that thâ— water commeth in with a great sway and will not vppon the sodayne reuerse backe agayne as by ensample it may be seen in Seuern that commeth vp to Bristow and as before is sayde by the Ryuer of Thames that it is not a ful Sea in all places at one instant For when that it is entred in at the mouth and hath taken his sway withal then it runneth in by the meanes that the water is lower within then it is with out at the Sea for that it is a quarter flood and more at the Sea before that the flood entreth into the Ryuer and so floweth vpwardes for it must haue a tyme before that it can hygh so much water at the mouth or enterance to be hygher then it is within vp into the Ryuer for it is three parts flood vpon the landes end before that it be anye flood at London for that the distance is a great way in the Ryuer very crooked and narrow and many poynts and Naases that doo let and stay the Tyde but afterwardes when it is in and hath taken his sway then it cannot so soone reuerse backe vntyll that the water is well descended or ebbed behynde it too the Seawardes as it dooth manifestly appeare by experience And by this order it floweth into all Hauens and Ryuers accordyng vnto the indraught The seuenth Chapter sheweth the cause of Currantes or streames that runneth in the Sea in such places where it dooth not ebbe and flowe and of Currantes or streames in the Sea there are three seuerall sortes as in the Chapter it dooth appeare c. AND furthermore as touchyng the Currantes or the streame in many places in the Sea whereas it dooth not ebbe and flowe as that is perceyued in manye places as by experience is seene and knowen in the Sea And to let you vnderstande what those Currantes or Strames bee that it is a continuall runnyng of the water in the Sea alwayes one way and not reuersyng or commyng backe wardes to and fro as it dooth in such places where it doth ebbe and flow but that the water alwayes in those Seas or partes doth â—unne continually one waye or els at the least a long tyme according vnto the naturall cause of that currant And of these currantes I doo fynde three seuerall sortes that doo come of three seuerall causes and the cause of euery one of them is contrary vnto the nature of the other And fyrst concerning the naturall cause of the principallest Currantes as by experience of them is seene in diuers places by those that haue trauayled into those partes by the Sea as thus The currant ruÌ„neth forceably and continually from the East vnto the West at the Cappe bone speraunce the Southermost Cappe of Africa or Ethiopia and so reboundeth vpon the Coast of America which is drawen by the powers of the Moone by ber dayly motion as in the Chapter next before is rehearsed as it dooth appeare by the ensample of ebbyng and flowing and so rebounding vppon the Coast of America by that impediment that it cannot get passage that way accordyng vnto the dayly motion then it is forced to seeke other passages so that parte thereof dooth seeke and dooth goe thorowe the strayghtes of Magelenâ—s into the South Sea and there the currant dooth go continually from the East into the West But that strayght or passage beyng vnsufficient for that it is so narrowe the currant is forced to seeke some other waye Wherefore partly it dooth deuide it selfe and so dooth runne vp vnto the Coaste of Brasyll towardes the Equinoctiall by Cappe Crucis and Saint Dâ—myngs and so into the great Bay of
occupied or furnished with some of the elementall substances so that rather then any hollow or concaue place in the earth shall bee vacant ayre wyll seeke thither if it were in the very Center of the earth For as is sayde before if water bee able to seeke passage through the vaines in the earth then much rather the ayre shall doo it for that it is much thinner subtiller then water although that ayre wyll geue place vnto water by his ponderousnes or waight c. The tenth Chapter sheweth the reason howe America and all the Ilandes and newe found Countries and Lands became peopled and of what posteritie they be come of c. AND furthermore as touchinge the vaine argumentes and opinions of some people as touching the discouering of a number of Landes and Ilandes that haue not beene founde nor knowne but within litle more then .100 yeares as all America and a number of Countries and great and small Ilandes more none of them of any quantitie or bignesse for that they are peopled and for that they are peopled I haue harde some vayne and foolish arguments therof why there shoulde be people there for that these Countries or places were neuer knowen before except there were any more Adams then one or any more â—oyes theÌ„ one So we may see by experience how apt a nuÌ„ber of people are to fal into errours vsyng most vayne and contentious argumentes in those matters that are past their capacitie whiche is a great offence before God and also to the euiâ—l Ensample vnto the world vnto such as doo heare of the same For it is no smal errour for vs to fal into for to think that there was anâ—more Adams in the world then one for that it is vtterly against all the Canonycall Scriptures and also it is as great an errour to say that there were saued any more people after the deluge or flood more then Nâ—y and his famyly that was in the Arke with him as it is manyfestly declared in Genesis c. Wherefore I thinke it not hurtfull to shewe my opinion as concerning how all America became peopled with all the other new founde landes and Ilandes lying in the sea wheresoeuer they be c. Fyrste thus my opinyon is that America is parte of the great Ilande called Atlantida as it is further declared in the eight Chapter goyng before that the Kinges of the Ilande dyd gouerne a great part of Europe and Africa and accordyng vnto some Authors that the Kings of that Ilande were the sonnes of Neptunus then that dooth sygnifye that there was a trade or occupying of Shipping betweene these knowne partes and that great Ilande and then when that great Ilande dyd synke as before is declared the Sea Atlanticus was so full of mudde that it coulde not bee sayled in longe time afterwardes And by the Ensample of America that all the Ilande dyd not synke but the Westermost parte dyd remayne still Although this happened long beefore the commyng of Christ and as before is declared the great store of mud and fylth that dyd remayne in the Sea was the onely cause that dyd let the Trafficke and passage betweene vs in these knowne partes and them that were vnknowne vnto vs in all this long time of this mud remayning in the Sea so long time that those men that were the Sea men in those dayes were of long time dead before the Sea was cleare of the mudde And also those sea men as it is to be gathered that were in the Ilande dyd perishe by the meanes of the sinking of the East syde of that great Ilande Wherfore it is to be gathered that those that were in these partes dyd neuer attempt to seeke any Lande that wayes to the Westwardes neither those that were remayning vpon that part of the Ilande that dyd not synke dyd neuer attempt to seeke any Lande vnto the Eastwardes And in lyke manner they could not so conueniently doo it for that they had no Shipping to goe vnto the Sea but small Boats called Cannouses which be occupyed to no other purpose or vse but onely to goe on fyshing or els to transport themselues from Ilande vnto Ilande neare vnto the mayne c. And yet it is possible that some people might passe out of these partes by shipping although they neuer made any returne agayne but might tarry there and inhabite in those parts And now insomuch that it is knowen that they had boates and dyd transport them selues from place vnto place and from Iland vnto Iland before the fynding of the mayne land of America So it is not to be meruayled at why al the Ilands in the sea that are of any quantitie haue people in them considering that they had in al those partes the vse of Boates from the beginning after Noy or what time we had Boates. c. And nowe furthermore as touching the great fyrme land that lyeth to the Southeâ—wards beyond the Equinoctiall about .50 degrees is extended vnto the South partes no man in these partes dooth knowe and it is peopled too and the people thereof may come out of America for there is nothing to let them but a narrowe â—â—a called the straight of Magalenus and they hauing the vse of Boates howe easily is it to be passed So that there can be no Iâ—and lying in the sea neare vnto America that is of any bygnesse but that it is peopled whether it be to the Eastwardes towards vs or to the West partes in the South Sea or the East Ocean Sea c. And furthermore as it dooth appeare in the Scriptures that Noy had three sonnes that is to say Sem Ham and Iaphet and that Sem the eldest sonne of Noye dyd inhabite the partes of Africa and Cham or Ham the seconde sonne of Noy dyd inhabite the partes of Asia and Iaphet the youngest sonne of Noy dyd inhabite Europe and the Ilandes in the sea as the great Ilande Atlantida nowe called America and that the Kinges of that greate Ilande were the sonnes of Neptunus and the people the posteritie of Iaphet the youngest sonne of Noy c. FINIS ⧠A Table of the Contentes of the Chapters of the fyfth and last booke called a Treasure for Trauaylers To the reader of the fifth and last booke The first Chapter of the fifth booke sheweth the natural causes how sandes bankes bee ingendred or made hoth in the seâ— and riuers c. The second Chapter sheweth the naturall causes of Marish ground and other plaine meddows or ground by the sydes of ryuers c. The third Chapter sheweth the natural cause of the high cliffes by the sea coasts c. The fourth Chapter sheweth the natural cause why the Beach the great bolder stones on the sea coasts is become rouÌ„d smooth without any edges or corners c. The fyfth chapter sheweth the naturall causes of the rockes in the sea c. The sixth Chapter