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fat_a suet_n tallow_n and_o such_o like_a the_o situation_n of_o 〈◊〉_d with_o the_o â—avens_n river_n shoald_n and_o 〈…〉_o from_o boevenberger_n unto_o the_o i_o will_v of_o silt_n ¶_o a_o exact_v and_o most_o diligent_a description_n of_o eyderste_fw-mi ditmer_n and_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_n adjoin_v with_o their_o true_a site_n and_o distance_n to_o sail_n from_o holy_a land_n to_o list_n or_o silt_v deep_o your_o course_n be_v north_n and_o north_n and_o by_o west_n until_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o shall_v call_v amerenborne_a which_o lie_v out_o in_o seven_o or_o viij_o fathom_n depth_n almost_o west_n south_n west_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o ameren_n from_o whence_o set_v north_n north_n east_n vi_fw-la or_o seven_o league_n toward_o the_o north_n side_n of_o sylt_n or_o list_v how_o this_o channel_n be_v to_o be_v enter_v the_o former_a chart_fw-la do_v sufficient_o instruct_v you_o there_o be_v also_o a_o little_a deep_a near_o the_o south_n shore_n of_o sylt_n fit_a for_o small_a 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and_o the_o high_a down_o of_o ameren_n north._n sail_v in_o north_n north_n east_n by_o the_o out_o shoald_n but_o when_o you_o be_v within_o a_o little_a way_n hold_v on_o north_n east_n and_o by_o north_n to_o voren_n keep_v the_o isle_n of_o voren_n on_o your_o larboard_o and_o the_o north_n maze_n on_o your_o starreboord_n side_n the_o small_a deep_o have_v at_o half_a flood_n two_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a but_o if_o you_o will_v sail_v from_o holy_a land_n to_o the_o river_n of_o hever_n set_v north_n east_n a_o little_a more_o easterly_a when_o you_o have_v bring_v the_o tower_n of_o pielworme_n north_n east_n &_o by_o north_n &_o a_o cable_n length_n northward_o of_o the_o southern_a koehuse_v or_o cowhouse_n you_o be_v at_o the_o outtermost_a buy_v thence_o hold_v on_o to_o the_o second_o north_n east_n and_o north-east_n &_o by_o east_n and_o the_o tower_n of_o pielworman_n will_v stand_v north_n north-east_n but_o continue_v your_o course_n from_o the_o second_o buy_v to_o 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you_o may_v anchor_n on_o the_o west_n side_n in_o four_o or_o five_o fathom_n for_o there_o be_v safe_a ride_v for_o ship_n freight_v and_o ready_a to_o go_v out_o but_o if_o you_o will_v to_o huyse_n you_o may_v set_v the_o isle_n of_o nubell_n on_o your_o larboard_o side_n and_o return_v again_o into_o huyse-deepe_a there_o be_v also_o a_o channel_n or_o entry_n near_o the_o land_n of_o eydorsteede_o leave_v the_o shall_v call_v quaghe_n on_o the_o larboard_o side_n and_z enter_z north_n north-east_n until_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o beakon_v which_o stand_v upon_o quaghe_n and_o when_o you_o be_v come_v again_o to_o the_o true_a channel_n of_o hevar_n which_o lie_v inward_n most_o north-east_n and_o by_o east_n in_o the_o very_a entry_n of_o hevar_n you_o have_v three_o fathom_n water_n but_o on_o the_o shoalde_v call_v suidbalge_fw-mi only_o two_o and_o a_o half_a but_o if_o you_o will_v go_v from_o holy_a island_n to_o eyder_n shape_n your_o course_n east_n and_o by_o north_n till_o you_o perceive_v the_o tower_n of_o gartingen_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o down_n and_o north-east_n and_o by_o north_n from_o you_o by_o these_o mark_n sail_v alongst_o by_o the_o shall_v call_v blaewart_n as_o long_o as_o you_o have_v v._o or_o vi_o fathom_n where_o you_o may_v gage_v water_n but_o when_o you_o have_v bring_v wisselen-beeren_a east_n and_o by_o north_n at_o v._o or_o vi_fw-la fathom_n enter_v east_n southeast_n and_o east_n and_o by_o south_n turn_v sometime_o eastward_o until_o you_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o new_a ground_n for_o than_o will_v the_o beacon_n upon_o the_o shall_v of_o the_o hont_n stand_v south_n southeast_n from_o you_o but_o when_o the_o church_n of_o taringhen_n appear_v a_o ship_n length_n eastward_o of_o the_o village_n ee_v you_o be_v pass_v the_o new_a ground_n then_o hold_v on_o about_o a_o league_n and_o half_a north_n north-east_n towards_o the_o green_a land_n call_v coeberge_n and_o if_o you_o be_v to_o take_v in_o any_o ox_n hale_v alongst_o this_o shore_n north_n north-east_n bear_v sometime_o somewhat_o more_o casterlie_o to_o vlckehorne_n into_o the_o channel_n call_v doodebalge_n which_o you_o must_v warp_v out_o of_o but_o when_o you_o be_v right_a against_o the_o south_n side_n of_o coeberge_n there_o you_o enter_v into_o the_o channel_n call_v hetlanddeep_o which_o stretch_v down_o from_o the_o little_a down_n on_o the_o south-west_n and_o from_o thence_o reach_v eyder_n straight_o up_o to_o â—onnenghen_fw-mi first_fw-mi east_n and_o east_n &_o by_o north_n alongst_o dinner_n shore_n &_o then_o north-east_n to_o tonnenghen_n the_o depth_n of_o eyder_n be_v almost_o in_o every_o place_n like_o and_o at_o half_a flood_n it_o have_v v._o vi_o or_o seven_o fathom_n if_o you_o will_v from_o eyder_n to_o the_o pipe_n set_v small_a sail_n a_o while_n until_o the_o church_n of_o tatinghen_n appear_v right_a to_o the_o most_o easterly_a house_n of_o ee_n then_o sail_v between_o the_o uttermost_a part_n of_o hont_n and_o the_o shall_v of_o blaeworte_n about_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n where_o at_o half_a flood_n you_o shall_v find_v two_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a water_n so_o hold_v on_o a_o little_a you_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o channel_n of_o pipe_n in_o v._o or_o vi_fw-la fathom_n there_o set_v almost_o east_n southeast_n until_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o beacon_n and_o from_o thence_o southeast_n and_o by_o east_n somewhat_o more_o southerly_a towards_o the_o shoald_n of_o hunen_n whereon_o stand_v a_o beacon_n and_o there_o have_v you_o safe_a harbour_n for_o any_o wind_n you_o may_v also_o turn_v in_o northward_a within_o the_o riff_o or_o shall_v and_o anchor_n before_o buysen_n if_o you_o will_v go_v from_o buysen_n to_o the_o ell_n run_v through_o the_o channel_n call_v black_a stroome_n almost_o south-west_n where_o you_o have_v in_o the_o way_n two_o or_o three_o beacon_n set_v they_o on_o the_o starboard_n side_n as_o you_o sail_v out_o and_o you_o shall_v enter_v the_o ell_n near_o unto_o the_o seven_o buy_v and_o then_o shall_v you_o have_v neweworke_n almost_o south-west_n from_o you_o if_o you_o will_v sail_v to_o the_o ell_n from_o holy_a land_n your_o course_n be_v southeast_n and_o by_o east_n and_o when_o the_o mark_n be_v one_o you_o find_v the_o outermost_a or_o first_o buy_v and_o the_o neweworke_n will_v stand_v from_o you_o southeast_n and_o by_o south_n from_o the_o first_o buy_v to_o the_o second_o set_a east_n and_o east_n and_o by_o south_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o buy_v that_o lie_v by_o the_o new_a entry_n east_n north-east_n and_o north-east_n and_o by_o east_n this_o buy_v lie_v from_o the_o neweworke_n south_n and_o south_n and_o by_o east_n hold_v on_o from_o the_o buy_v call_v coolton_n to_o the_o four_o buy_v north-east_n somewhat_o more_o easterly_a from_o whence_o to_o the_o five_o buy_v east_n north-east_n and_o from_o the_o five_o to_o the_o sixth_o sail_n east_n somewhat_o to_o the_o northwards_o the_o 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south_n then_o from_o this_o buy_v to_o the_o shall_v call_v meem_n southeast_n and_o by_o east_n &_o from_o meem_n to_o crutporte_v or_o the_o first_o buy_v which_o lie_v in_o the_o open_a stream_n east_n southeast_n and_o then_o set_v towards_o the_o shall_v call_v pilgrimsand_n or_o the_o buy_v in_o do_v east_n and_o by_o south_n which_o you_o may_v sail_v unto_o in_o four_o or_o v._o fathom_n water_n from_o thence_o to_o brunsbuttell_n hold_v eastward_o next_o to_o the_o shall_v of_o saltshorne_n or_o friburghe_n eastward_o alongst_o the_o north_n shore_n then_o keep_v east_n southeast_n alongst_o the_o north_n shore_n to_o the_o buy_v which_o lie_v over_o against_o steur_n and_o then_o forward_o to_o the_o buy_v that_o lie_v upon_o rugeroâ—tesande_n southeast_n and_o southeast_n and_o by_o east_n this_o
take_v heed_n of_o the_o wester_n weser_n which_o go_v in_o near_o the_o island_n of_o wrangerough_n from_o hence_o hold_v on_o north-east_n until_o you_o come_v to_o the_o first_o buy_v and_o then_o will_v menset_fw-la bear_v south_n southeast_n from_o you_o menser_n church_n that_o stand_v in_o vrow_n land_n be_v square_a and_o have_v no_o steeple_n your_o right_a course_n from_o the_o first_o buy_v to_o the_o five_o lie_v for_o the_o most_o part_n east_n and_o east_n and_o by_o north._n and_o when_o you_o be_v come_v to_o the_o five_o buy_v menser_n will_v stand_v to_o your_o sight_n south_n southwest_n then_o go_v south_n southeast_n to_o the_o buy_v that_o lie_v upon_o the_o maller_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o buy_v in_o the_o channel_n southeast_n and_o so_o forward_o to_o the_o buy_v that_o lie_v in_o bolsersyle_n southeast_n and_o by_o south_n and_o be_v past_o it_o conde_n towards_o the_o south_n coast_n where_o you_o have_v two_o beacon_n and_o safe_a harbour_n for_o a_o west_n wind_n and_o you_o may_v turn_v over_o into_o the_o river_n of_o jad_n by_o the_o point_n of_o the_o red_a sand_n for_o there_o lie_v a_o buy_v between_o the_o fair_a way_n and_o the_o red_a sand_n if_o you_o will_v sail_v into_o east_n eames_n it_o stretch_v in_o alonge_v by_o borckomfriff_n east_n southeast_n wherefore_o if_o you_o come_v from_o the_o east_n bring_v the_o tower_n of_o borckom_n south_n and_o by_o east_n from_o you_o and_o go_v in_o towards_o borckoms_n shore_n in_o 4._o or_o 5._o fathom_n then_o hale_v so_o alonge_v the_o shore_n till_o the_o tower_n be_v south_n south-west_n from_o you_o then_o turn_v up_o towards_o jayst_n for_o you_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o riff_o so_o that_o you_o can_v strike_v upon_o the_o same_o and_o when_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o east_n end_n of_o borckom_n call_v hooghen_n horn_n you_o find_v high_a sand_n on_o both_o side_n and_o on_o the_o west_n side_n stand_v beacon_n where_o you_o may_v sail_v in_o from_o beacon_n to_o beacon_n for_o so_o long_o as_o norden_n tower_n and_o the_o island_n come_v not_o together_o you_o incur_v no_o danger_n in_o the_o east_n eam_n but_o when_o that_o tower_n be_v one_o with_o the_o isle_n of_o bant_z you_o meet_v with_o a_o bank_n or_o shall_v called_z kings-platt_a wherefore_o keep_v alongst_o the_o west_n shore_n from_o beacon_n to_o beacon_n to_o pelsom_a shall_v and_o you_o shall_v go_v safe_a but_o if_o you_o will_v bear_v in_o with_o the_o wester_n eme_v bring_v the_o island_n call_v the_o bosch_n south_n and_o by_o east_n and_o the_o west_n end_n of_o rottom_n southeast_n from_o you_o &_o the_o shore_n mark_n in_o one_o &_o sail_v in_o so_o to_o the_o first_o buy_v where_o it_o be_v 6._o fathom_n deep_a from_o thence_o to_o the_o second_o buy_v east_n and_o east_n and_o by_o north_n which_o lie_v at_o low_a water_n in_o 4._o fathom_n and_o so_o forward_o to_o the_o three_o buy_v eastward_o where_o you_o have_v at_o low_a water_n 5._o fathom_n and_o from_o thence_o hold_v on_o to_o the_o other_o two_o buy_v east_n and_o by_o south_n where_o it_o be_v 6._o fathom_n deep_a and_o sometime_o more_o as_o 7._o or_o 8._o fathom_n until_o you_o come_v unto_o hubet_n shall_v and_o keep_v then_o most_o alongst_o by_o the_o riff_o to_o borckom_n east_n southeast_n from_o borckom_n unto_o the_o ranzeel_n south_n east_n and_o by_o east_n and_o from_o ranzeel_n to_o the_o buy_v that_o lie_v upon_o the_o shall_v call_v ruyd_v east_n southeast_n on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o it_o stand_v 3._o beacon_n from_o that_o buy_v towards_o eamshorne_a set_a east_n southeast_n where_o be_v two_o beacon_n betwixt_o but_o when_o you_o be_v past_a emes-horne_n hold_v on_o sometime_o southeast_n south_n southeast_n south_n and_o at_o last_o south_n south_n west_n towards_o groninger_n land_n through_o the_o strait_n where_o also_o upon_o the_o west_n shore_n you_o have_v three_o beacon_n &_o from_o thence_o hale_v alongst_o near_o the_o coast_n of_o groninger_n southeast_n and_o east_n southeast_n that_o you_o may_v go_v clear_a of_o the_o shall_v call_v paep_v which_o lie_v opposite_a to_o delfsyll_v and_o appear_v above_o water_n at_o a_o low_a ebb_n and_o when_o you_o have_v get_v fermsum_fw-la cross_v over_o towards_o knock_n lest_o you_o strike_v on_o the_o shall_v call_v riddersant_a and_o then_o must_v you_o keep_v alongst_o the_o coast_n of_o eamden_n two_o cable_n length_n off_o to_o loegen_n by_o knock_n be_v the_o road_n for_o ship_n that_o go_v out_o but_o if_o you_o will_v sail_v into_o scholbalch_n you_o find_v two_o buy_v in_o the_o very_a entry_n which_o stretch_v inwards_o by_o the_o shall_v call_v peerdemart_n bring_v the_o shore_n mark_n of_o the_o island_n schirmonick-ooghe_a in_o one_o and_o sail_v alongst_o the_o say_v shall_v from_o the_o first_o buy_v to_o the_o second_o until_o you_o be_v hard_o aboard_o schirmenick-oogh_a then_o enter_v in_o south_n south-west_n and_o turn_v up_o southward_o and_o at_o the_o last_o south_n southeast_n to_o the_o bank_n and_o so_o run_v through_o the_o channel_n towards_o groningh_n southeast_n and_o towards_o dockum_n south_n there_o lie_v also_o a_o entry_n on_o the_o eastside_n which_o stretch_v in_o south-west_n alonge_v the_o island_n schirmonicke-ooghe_a until_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o beacon_n of_o scholbalch_n and_o by_o the_o schel_v run_v in_o boren_n diep_v where_o you_o have_v 3._o or_o 4._o fathom_n water_n fail_v in_o leave_v boren_n riff_o on_o your_o larbord_n for_o the_o most_o part_n east_n and_o east_n southeast_n to_o the_o coast_n of_o ameland_n the_o traffic_n of_o these_o country_n be_v not_o very_o great_a some_o corn_n be_v transport_v from_o the_o weser_n and_o good_a store_n of_o breme_a beer_n crooked_a wood_n and_o like_a thing_n out_o of_o oudenburgh_n where_o breme_n be_v the_o chief_a tower_n the_o great_a intercourse_n by_o sea_n be_v at_o emden_n but_o such_o abundance_n of_o butter_n cheese_n bacon_n barley_n beanes_n pease_n and_o such_o like_a merchandise_n be_v transport_v from_o gronighe_o and_o friesland_n as_o suffice_v for_o the_o substance_n almost_o of_o all_o the_o low_a country_n and_o german_a to_o the_o great_a benefit_n and_o commodity_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n a_o description_n of_o the_o sea_n â—coastes_v of_o east_n frysland_n with_o all_o their_o bank_n sand_n and_o bekon_v
leag_n 10_o from_o sckagen_n to_o the_o trindell_n s.e._n and_o by_o e._n leag_n 7_o from_o the_o trindell_n of_o lesou_n unto_o anout_n s.e._n leag_fw-mi 8_o from_o anout_n to_o col._n south_n southeast_n leag_fw-mi 9_o from_o col_n to_o aselyn_n on_o zealand_n in_o denmarcke_n south_n west_n and_o by_o west_n leag_fw-mi 8_o from_o aselyn_n to_o steven_n head_n w._n n.w._n leag_fw-mi 14_o from_o falsterboner_n riff_o to_o witmont_n s.e._n &_o by_o s._n lea_n 14_o from_o steden_n to_o bornholme_n e._n and_o by_o s._n leag_n 16_o from_o bornholm_n to_o reefcol_n east_n and_o by_o north_n leag_fw-mi 20_o from_o bornholm_n to_o coolsberghe_n southeast_n leag_fw-mi 10_o from_o bornholm_n unto_o the_o rock_n north_n n.e._n leag_fw-mi 15_o from_o bornholm_n to_o houbourgh_n n.e._n leag_fw-mi 38_o from_o houbourgh_n to_o rig_v head_n south_n and_o n._n leag_n 28_o from_o houbourgh_n unto_o the_o windou_n e.n.e._n leag_n 26_o from_o oostergarde_n unto_o the_o windou_n e._n &_o w._n leag_n 20_o from_o the_o windou_n to_o dageroort_n n._n e_o &_o by_o n._n leag_n 28_o fron_n dageroort_n unto_o the_o gotsche_n sand_n n_z e._n &_o by_o n._n lea_n 18_o from_o dageroort_n unto_o the_o vieu_n n.w._n &_o by_o n._n leag_n 10_o from_o the_o gotsche_n sand_n to_o bouschaer_n n._n &_o by_o e._n leag_n 15_o from_o marien_n unto_o elsenuos_fw-la n.n.e._n leag_n 14_o the_o course_n of_o friesland_n ivtland_n pomeren_n courland_n and_o lyffland_n from_o maers_n deepth_n in_o holland_n to_o bornriff_n n.e._n lea_n 10_o from_o bornriff_n to_o wrangherooch_n e.n.e._n leag_n 26_o from_o wrangherooch_n to_o holy_a land_n north_n leag_n 5_o from_o holy_a land_n unto_o the_o river_n of_o ell_n southeast_n and_o by_o east_n leag_fw-mi 6_o from_o holy_a land_n to_o the_o river_n of_o eyder_n east_n and_o by_o north._n leag_n 6_o from_o holy_a land_n unto_o rypen_n northeast_n and_o by_o north._n leag_n 12_o from_o rypen_n unto_o bovenbergh_n n._n n.w._n leag_fw-mi 25_o from_o bovenberghe_n to_o holmen_n n._n n._n e._n leag_n 6_o from_o holmen_n unto_o robbenknuyt_n north-east_n leag_fw-mi 8_o from_o robbenknuyt_n to_o sckaghen_n north_n n.e._n leag_fw-mi 9_o from_o sckaghen_n unto_o zebay_n south_n &_o by_o w._n leag_n 6_o from_o zebay_n unto_o hals_n s_o and_o by_o w._n leag_n 5_o from_o hals_n unto_o stevens-head_n s._n s._n e._n league_n 5_o from_o stevens-head_n to_o the_o great_a helm_n s.s.w._n leag_fw-mi 6_o from_o the_o great_a helm_n unto_o wero_n s.s._n e._n leag_n 3_o from_o wero_n unto_o bolsack_n s._n s._n w._n leag_n 3_o from_o bolsack_n to_o sproo_n s._n s._n e._n leag_n 8_o from_o sproo_n unto_o longh-land_n s._n e._n leag_n 3_o from_o longh-land_n unto_o lalants_n haeck_n or_o hoocke_n south_n and_o north._n league_n 7_o from_o thence_o unto_o femeren_n s._n e._n league_n 4_o from_o the_o isle_n of_o femeren_n to_o the_o rae_n of_o lubeck_n south_n south_n west_n league_n 8_o from_o rae_n to_o crycer-oort_a n._n e_o and_z s._n w._n lea_n 4_o from_o cruyceroort_n unto_o robbenes_n north-east_n and_o by_o east_n leag_fw-mi 12_o from_o robbenes_n to_o witmont_n n._n e_o and_o by_o e._n leag_n 8_o from_o witmont_n to_o jasmont_n s._n e._n and_o by_o e._n leag_n 2_o from_o jasmont_n to_o the_o paert_n s._n s._n e._n leag_n 2_o from_o the_o paert_n unto_o colsberghe_n e._n n._n e._n leag_n 12_o from_o colsberghe_n unto_o garshooft_v or_o head_n north_n east_n and_o by_o north_n league_n 10_o from_o garshead_n unto_o reefcol_n e.n.e._n leag_n 4_o fron_n reefcol_n unto_o the_o risschehooft_v or_o head_n e.n.c._n lea_n 12_o from_o risheâ—â—_n unto_o heel_n s.e._n leag_fw-mi 6_o from_o heel_n unto_o the_o wissel_n of_o danzick_n s._n &_o by_o w._n lea_n 4_o fron_n thence_o to_o conincxberghe_n deepth_n n._n e._n &_o by_o e._n lea_n 10_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o memel_fw-la n._n n.e._n leag_fw-mi 12_o from_o the_o memel_fw-la to_o zevenberghe_n n.n.w._n leag_fw-mi 8_o from_o zevenberow_n unto_o the_o windou_n n._n &_o by_o e._n lea_n 14_o from_o the_o windou_n unto_o lyseroert_n n.e._n &_o by_o e._n leag_n 4_o from_o lyseroert_n to_o domsnes_n e.n.e._n leag_n 8_o from_o domsnes_n unto_o runen_n e._n and_o w._n leag_n 6_o from_o runen_n unto_o rygh_a s.e._n leag_n 12_o from_o rygh_o unto_o pernouth_n n._n and_o by_o e._n leag_n 14_o from_o pernouth_n unto_o the_o east_n end_n of_o the_o olsel_n west_n northwest_n leag_fw-mi 10_o from_o thence_o unto_o the_o swalawcroort_n n._n e._n leag_n 14_o from_o thence_o unto_o dagheroort_n n.n.w._n leag_fw-mi 18_o from_o thence_o unto_o zyburgsnes_n n._n e._n leag_n 6_o from_o zybourghsnes_n to_o oitkens_n holm_n n.e._n &_o by_o e._n lea_n 5_o from_o oitkins_n holm_n to_o narien_n e.n._n e._n leag_n 6_o from_o narien_n unto_o wrangh_a e._n leag_n 6_o from_o wrangh_a unto_o eke-holm_n e._n and_o by_o s._n leag_n 7_o from_o eke-holm_n unto_o the_o narue_v e._n and_o by_o s._n leag_n 12_o from_o the_o narue_v unto_o the_o russe-haecke_a n._n leag_n 4_o from_o the_o russche-hooke_n to_o wybourgh_n north-east_n and_o by_o n._n leag_n 16_o from_o the_o high_a island_n unto_o the_o narue_v s.e._n leag_fw-mi 10_o from_o highland_n unto_o somere_n n.e._n and_o by_o e._n leag_n 10_o from_o highland_n unto_o narien_n w.s.w._n leag_fw-mi 20_o from_o narien_n to_o luz_n by_o the_o scheere_n n.n.w._n leag_fw-mi 8_o from_o vieu_n unto_o bouscher_n s.w._n and_o by_o s._n leag_n 12_o from_o bouschaer_n unto_o the_o great_a carell_n s_o s.w._n leag_fw-mi 10_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o south_n end_n of_o godtland_n s.e._n and_o by_o s._n leag_n 6_o from_o houbergh_n unto_o the_o rygh_n head_n south_n and_o by_o east_n leag_fw-mi 26_o from_o houbergh_n to_o the_o south_n end_n of_o oeland_n south-west_n and_o by_o west_n leag_n 18_o from_o oelandt_n unto_o bornholm_n s.w._n and_o by_o s._n leag_n 20_o from_o oelandt_n to_o the_o rygish_a head_n s.e._n leag_fw-mi 22_o from_o bornholm_n unto_o witmondt_n s.w._n leag_fw-mi 9_o from_o dorenbosch_n unto_o moen_n n.w._n leag_fw-mi 7_o from_o moen_n unto_o gheester_fw-mi riff_o s.s.w._n leag_fw-mi 6_o from_o gheester_n riff_o unto_o lubeck_n s.w._n and_o by_o w._n lea_n 14_o the_o sea_n course_n on_o the_o backside_n of_o moscovie_n and_o general_o of_o all_o our_o traffic_v from_o candalex_n unto_o ombay_n s.e._n and_o by_o e._n leag_n 10_o from_o ombay_n unto_o stalsland_n south_n east_n leag_fw-mi 8_o from_o stalsland_n unto_o warsiga_n e.s._n e._n leag_n 12_o from_o warsiga_n unto_o caroa_n e.s._n e._n leag_n 8_o from_o carea_n unto_o karswyck_n e._n leag_n 5_o from_o karswyck_n unto_o polongi_n e.n._n e._n leag_n 6_o from_o polongi_n unto_o sautsnawitz_n n.e._n by_o e._n leag_n 6_o from_o sautsnawit_n unto_o the_o isle_n n.n._n e._n leag_n 10_o from_o the_o three_o isle_n to_o orlogonos_n n.n.w._n leag_fw-mi 4_o from_o orlogonos_n to_o sweetonos_n n.w._n and_o by_o n._n leag_n 12_o from_o sweetonos_n to_o the_o seven_o isle_n s._n e._n leag_n 18_o from_o the_o seven_o isle_n unto_o kildin_n s._n e._n leag_n 24_o from_o kildin_n to_o lauwe_n n.w._n and_o by_o n._n leag_n 8_o from_o lauwe_n to_o oosterhaven_n s.e._n leag_n 10_o fron_n oosterhaven_v to_o waerhuys_n n.w._n &_o by_o n._n leag_n 10_o from_o waerhuys_n to_o matcorf_n n.w._n leag_n 10_o from_o matcorf_n to_o northkin_n w._n n.w._n leag_fw-mi 12_o from_o northkin_n to_o the_o north_n cape_n e._n and_o w._n leag_n 10_o from_o the_o north_n cape_n or_o lop_v to_o trompsont_n w._n s.w._n leag_fw-mi 40_o from_o trompsont_n to_o lof_o foot_n s.w._n leag_n 38_o from_o lof-foote_n to_o rust_v s.s.w._n leag_fw-mi 25_o from_o rust_n to_o stad_n s.w._n more_o s._n leag_fw-mi 90_o from_o stad_n to_o berghen_n s._n and_o n._n leag_n 30_o from_o berghen_n unto_o the_o wtsier_n s._n and_o by_o e._n leag_n 30_o from_o the_o wtsier_n to_o the_o noes_n s.e._n leag_n 29_o from_o schaghen_n to_o the_o riff_o s.w._n and_o by_o w._n leag_n 24_o from_o the_o riff_o to_o calais_n by_o flaunders_n s.s.w._n leag_fw-mi 95_o from_o the_o head_n to_o the_o shingles_n or_o nesse_n point_n s.w._n and_o by_o w._n leag_n 9_o from_o the_o nesse_n point_n to_o beachy_a w.s.w._n leag_fw-mi 7_o from_o beachy_a to_o the_o i_o will_v of_o wight_n w._n and_o by_o s._n leag_n 15_o from_o wight_n to_o the_o start_n point_n w._n and_o by_o s._n leag_n 26_o from_o the_o start_n to_o without_o vshant_n s._n w._n &_o by_o w._n leag_n 30_o from_o vshant_n to_o cizarga_n s._n s.w_o leag_n 86_o from_o cizarga_n to_o cape_n de_fw-fr finisterre_n w.s.w._n leag_fw-mi 12_o from_o cape_n de_fw-fr finisterre_n to_o the_o barlings_n s._n and_o n._n leag_n 50_o from_o cape_n de_fw-fr finisterre_n to_o the_o terâ—â—…ra_n w._n and_o by_o s._n leag_n 120_o from_o cape_n de_fw-fr finisterre_n to_o the_o i_o will_v madera_n s._n w._n and_o by_o s._n leag_n 180_o from_o madera_n to_o
inwards_o south_n and_o by_o east_n after_o you_o be_v in_o you_o may_v turn_v up_o eastward_o where_o you_o have_v 4._o or_o 6._o fathom_n water_n on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o haven_n lie_v a_o island_n where_o stand_v a_o light_a tower_n which_o you_o must_v set_v south_n and_o by_o east_n from_o you_o as_o you_o sail_v in_o where_o it_o be_v 3._o fathom_n deep_a machichaco_n a_o good_a haven_n lie_v five_o league_n from_o bilbao_n west_n south_n west_n and_o south-west_n &_o by_o west_n which_o from_o the_o west_n side_n stretch_v inward_o southest_n and_o by_o east_n in_o 8._o or_o 9_o fathom_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o entry_n you_o shall_v find_v a_o rock_n which_o you_o must_v leave_v on_o the_o larbord_n side_n you_o may_v also_o sail_v in_o at_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o rock_n but_o there_o you_o have_v but_o 3._o fathom_n from_o the_o entry_n the_o haven_n be_v wide_a and_o broad_a and_o you_o may_v anchor_n in_o any_o place_n of_o the_o channel_n at_o 8._o or_o 9_o fathom_n castro_n bear_v three_o league_n westward_o from_o machichaco_n &_o stretch_v inward_a westerly_a in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o entry_n stand_v a_o rock_n almost_o south-west_n which_o you_o may_v sail_v round_o about_o in_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n the_o straightness_n bear_v up_o southerly_a you_o may_v turn_v in_o towards_o the_o east_n and_o cast_v anchor_n in_o the_o channel_n at_o 10._o or_o 12._o fathom_n these_o port_n yield_v rosin_n chessenutte_n iron_n wool_n orange_n filbberdnutte_n and_o steel_n which_o be_v their_o trade_n a_o card_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o acason_n &_o biscay_n with_o their_o haven_n and_o open_v of_o their_o land_n hill_n and_o mountain_n *_o a_o true_a description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n between_o laredo_n and_o sentillana_n laredo_n bear_v westward_o from_o castro_n five_o dutche_n league_n to_o enter_v the_o bay_n set_v s._n anthony_n hill_n south_n east_n from_o you_o and_o hale_v along_o s._n anthony_n shore_n until_o you_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o east_n point_n of_o the_o land_n then_o turn_v up_o eastward_o until_o you_o come_v to_o laredo_n where_o you_o may_v lay_v out_o anchor_n in_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n but_o if_o you_o will_v bear_v into_o the_o haven_n within_o the_o two_o wall_n you_o must_v do_v it_o at_o high_a water_n for_o it_o be_v a_o port_n for_o bark_n and_o vessel_n of_o small_a burden_n there_o lie_v a_o shall_v amidst_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o haven_n where_o it_o be_v always_o very_o troublesome_a and_o may_v be_v sail_a about_o s._n ander_n lie_v four_o dutch_a league_n from_o s._n anthony_n mount_n hale_v along_o the_o west_n shore_n until_o you_o come_v to_o the_o great_a rock_n whereon_o stand_v a_o little_a house_n on_o either_o side_n whereof_o you_o may_v sail_v in_o s._n anders_n haven_n stretch_v in_o from_o the_o entrance_n northwest_o and_o have_v 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n water_n four_o dutch_a league_n from_o s._n ander_n lie_v s._n martyn_n it_o be_v very_o narrow_a as_o you_o come_v in_o and_o a_o bard_n haven_n and_o part_v itself_o inwards_o into_o two_o little_a stream_n five_o dutch_a league_n by_o west_n of_o s._n martyn_n stand_v s._n vincents_n who_o haven_n also_o be_v bar_v and_o have_v a_o rock_n stand_a westward_o of_o the_o entry_n and_o a_o little_a fillet_n or_o riff_o of_o sand_n from_o the_o east_n poyncte_fw-la you_o must_v sail_v in_o between_o this_o sand_n and_o the_o rock_n where_o it_o be_v narrow_a but_o within_o it_o be_v a_o round_a haven_n maintain_v by_o a_o little_a river_n three_o dutch_a league_n westward_o lie_v lhanes_n likewise_o a_o bard_n haven_n on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o which_o lie_v a_o bank_n sail_n in_o on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o it_o there_o be_v likewise_o a_o little_a river_n in_o these_o country_n be_v great_a store_n of_o wool_n iron_n chessenutte_n orange_n steel_n and_o rosin_n of_o all_o which_o thing_n there_o be_v great_a traffic_n the_o sea_n coast_n of_o byscuy_a between_o laredo_n and_o 〈◊〉_d even_o as_o they_o show_v when_o you_o pass_v before_o they_o a_o true_a description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n between_o rio_n de_fw-fr sella_n and_o auiles_n fix_v dutch_a league_n westward_o of_o l'hanes_n lie_v rio_n de_fw-fr sella_n if_o you_o will_v enter_v the_o haven_n mark_v the_o mast_n which_o stand_v upon_o the_o eastern_a shore_n near_o which_o you_o must_v enter_v because_o the_o west_n side_n be_v rocky_a and_o dangerous_a inward_n and_o be_v past_o the_o mast_n anchor_n before_o the_o town_n it_o be_v a_o bard_n haven_n villa_n viciosa_fw-la bear_v 10._o dutch_a league_n westward_o of_o rio_n de_fw-fr sella_n you_o must_v come_v in_o by_o the_o western_a shore_n because_o the_o eastern_a be_v slat_n and_o perilous_a right_o within_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o haven_n you_o shall_v find_v a_o little_a shall_v which_o appear_v at_o a_o low_a ebb_n this_o be_v likewise_o a_o bard_n haven_n the_o town_n stand_v on_o the_o west_n side_n whither_o you_o may_v sail_v &_o anchor_n in_o the_o large_a place_n six_o league_n from_o villa_n viciosa_fw-la westward_o lie_v sanpsons_n cape_n and_o on_o the_o east_n side_n thereof_o stand_v a_o little_a island_n with_o a_o small_a tower_n between_o these_o two_o be_v goodharborough_n and_o fair_a ground_n to_o anchor_n in_o at_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o sanpson_n even_o right_o before_o the_o little_a port_n be_v likewise_o good_a ride_v in_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n westward_o of_o sanpson_n lie_v gyon_n have_v a_o peer_n of_o stone_n under_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v lay_v their_o fisher_n boat_n a_o good_a dutch_a mile_n from_o thence_o westward_o be_v the_o bay_n of_o tores_n where_o be_v safe_a harbarough_n and_o 8._o or_o 9_o fathom_n water_n on_o the_o cape_n stand_v a_o high_a tower_n two_o league_n far_o westward_o lie_v cape_n de_fw-fr pennas_fw-la from_o whence_o a_o rue_v of_o rock_n stretch_v out_o into_o the_o sea_n two_o league_n from_o thence_o stand_v auiles_n the_o best_a port_n of_o all_o these_o coast_n on_o the_o eastside_n thereof_o be_v a_o chapel_n near_o unto_o the_o point_n you_o must_v pass_v until_o you_o be_v within_o two_o rock_n where_o it_o be_v wide_a and_o broad_a by_o the_o west_n point_n there_o run_v up_o a_o little_a sandy_a riff_o along_o the_o shore_n reach_v inwards_o by_o the_o haven_n towards_o the_o town_n where_o it_o be_v very_a shoaldie_n on_o both_o side_n and_o on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o haven_n lie_v two_o great_a rock_n right_a against_o the_o little_a church_n that_o stand_v by_o the_o sandy_a bay_n there_o be_v in_o these_o coast_n far_o great_a plenty_n and_o store_n of_o fruit_n wine_n and_o other_o good_a merchandise_n than_o be_v in_o biscay_n the_o map_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o biscay_n between_o rio_n de_fw-fr sella_n &_o auiles_n very_o naughty_a haven_n for_o great_a ship_n jodocus_n hondiusfe_n a_o description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o riba_n deos_fw-la biviero_n and_o lvarca_n from_o auiles_n unto_o luarca_n be_v six_o dutch_a league_n south-west_n and_o by_o west_n it_o be_v a_o haven_n for_o small_a ship_n and_o stretch_v southeast_n inward_o the_o eastside_n be_v dangerous_a but_o the_o west_n be_v good_a and_o fair_a riba_n deos_fw-la bear_v south-west_n and_o by_o west_n from_o luarca_n and_o be_v a_o good_a haven_n for_o all_o ship_n westward_o of_o it_o stand_v a_o sharp_a steeple_n and_o a_o little_a from_o thence_o into_o the_o sea_n lie_v a_o hide_a rock_n when_o you_o enter_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o haven_n two_o other_o tower_n come_v in_o sight_n at_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o haven_n the_o one_o on_o high_a the_o other_o below_o nigh_o the_o shore_n then_o conde_n through_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o channel_n until_o you_o come_v against_o the_o second_o or_o far_a tower_n within_o the_o haven_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n on_o both_o side_n at_o your_o pleasure_n but_o the_o west_n side_n be_v deep_a contain_v 4._o 5._o or_o 6._o fathom_n even_o up_o to_o riba_n deos_fw-la which_o stand_v upon_o a_o great_a bay_n the_o cape_n of_o brilo_n be_v six_o league_n northwest_o from_o riba_n deos._n westward_o from_o this_o cape_n stand_v s._n cyprian_n over_o against_o which_o lie_n two_o great_a round_a rock_n a_o league_n thence_o westward_o stand_v a_o island_n thwart_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o haven_n of_o biviero_n which_o you_o may_v sail_v about_o on_o both_o side_n yet_o best_a roam_v in_o be_v on_o the_o west_n side_n where_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o point_n you_o may_v anchor_n at_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n two_o league_n to_o the_o west_n of_o s._n cyprian_n be_v s._n mark_v road_v which_o be_v a_o fair_a bay_n two_o league_n from_o thence_o be_v a_o
little_a haven_n call_v quirin_n which_o on_o the_o west_n side_n be_v full_a of_o rock_n but_o on_o the_o east_n side_n fair_a and_o good_a to_o enter_v at_o three_o league_n from_o quirin_n lie_v the_o cape_n of_o ortegall_n where_o also_o stand_v a_o castle_n near_o which_o you_o have_v safe_a road_n for_o a_o west_n and_o a_o south-west_n wind_n this_o country_n yield_v great_a plenty_n of_o the_o best_a wine_n of_o ribadeos_n aswell_o red_a as_o claret_n and_o likewise_o abundance_n of_o orange_n apple_n pear_n chessenutte_n and_o other_o fruit_n all_o which_o be_v both_o comfortable_a and_o wholesome_a for_o man_n body_n the_o sea_n coast_n of_o gallicia_n from_o cape_n of_o auiles_n unto_o ortegal_n a_o perfect_n description_n of_o corunna_n call_v the_o groin_n feroles_n and_o monsej_n the_o chief_a port_n of_o gallicia_n the_o haven_n of_o siguera_n bear_v three_o dutche_n league_n south_n westward_o from_o ortegall_n it_o stretch_v inward_a south_n east_n and_o be_v a_o good_a porte_fw-fr the_o southside_n thereof_o have_v a_o low_a point_n and_o be_v good_a but_o the_o northside_n be_v all_o rocky_a and_o foul_a gound_o you_o must_v anchor_n before_o you_o come_v to_o the_o village_n of_o siguera_n four_o dutche_n league_n westward_o from_o thence_o lie_v cape_n the_o prior_n which_o reach_v out_o into_o the_o sea_n two_o dutch_a league_n farther_z southward_a you_o have_v the_o haven_n of_o feroles_n upon_o the_o northside_n thereof_o be_v 2._o or_o 3._o sandy_a bay_n of_o which_o the_o most_o southerly_a be_v the_o great_a whereupon_o do_v stand_v a_o house_n or_o two_o when_o you_o be_v come_v nigh_o the_o house_n then_o appear_v unto_o you_o somewhat_o southerly_a the_o haven_n of_o feroles_n where_o you_o may_v sail_v in_o at_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o water_n and_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o north_n corner_n geve_v it_o a_o little_a bi_v anchor_n in_o the_o channel_n at_o 12._o fathom_n for_o before_o the_o village_n itself_o it_o be_v flat_a and_o rocky_a the_o south_n point_n of_o feroles_n stretch_v far_o outward_a and_o be_v full_a of_o rock_n you_o may_v set_v out_o from_o ferole_n to_o corunna_n south_n and_o south_n and_o by_o east_n until_o you_o be_v somewhat_o within_o the_o tower_n which_o stand_v upon_o a_o round_a hill_n or_o cliffe_n then_o shall_v you_o see_v on_o the_o starborde_n side_n a_o little_a island_n wherein_o stand_v a_o little_a church_n call_v s._n blaze_v hale_v along_o a_o cable_n length_n of_o it_o and_o anchor_n before_o the_o town_n at_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n if_o you_o will_v run_v into_o the_o channel_n of_o coruna_n from_o the_o island_n cyzarga_n call_v by_o the_o fleminge_n caesarea_n you_o must_v shape_v your_o course_n east_n south_n east_n about_o 5._o league_n until_o you_o be_v within_o sight_n of_o the_o tower_n which_o stand_v on_o the_o west_n coast_n of_o the_o land_n for_o than_o shall_v you_o keep_v 4._o or_o 5._o cable_n length_n of_o the_o shore_n and_o may_v hold_v on_o your_o course_n in_o the_o channel_n right_a south_n east_n 4._o or_o 5._o league_n and_o be_v past_o corunna_n may_v cast_v anchor_n at_o fontenne_n or_o pytance_n on_o the_o west_n side_n under_o a_o rue_n of_o rock_n at_o 10._o or_o 12._o fathom_n water_n and_o over_o against_o corunna_n east_n north_n east_n stand_v a_o city_n call_v puente_n de_fw-fr mas_n where_o you_o may_v also_o anchor_n at_o 10._o or_o 12._o fathom_n there_o have_v you_o likewise_o on_o the_o northside_n a_o rue_n of_o rock_n and_o over_o the_o river_n a_o great_a bridge_n there_o lie_v a_o haven_n call_v queres_fw-la south_n south_n west_n and_o south_n and_o by_o west_n of_o the_o island_n cyzarga_n who_o entry_n be_v fair_a after_o you_o be_v enter_v you_o must_v turn_v in_o westward_o a_o great_a half_a league_n and_o may_v anchor_n there_o at_o 8._o or_o 9_o fathom_n in_o the_o channel_n seven_o dutch_a league_n westward_o of_o cyzarga_n lie_v the_o east_n point_n of_o monsei_n or_o c._n de_fw-fr bellem_fw-la near_o which_o you_o may_v sail_v to_o monsei_n south_n south_n east_n and_o southeast_n and_o by_o south_n if_o you_o will_v come_v in_o thither_o from_o the_o west_n keep_v the_o cape_n of_o corrian_n call_v the_o groin_n without_o cape_n de_fw-fr conde_n two_o ship_n length_n until_o you_o may_v see_v marikerke_n which_o stand_v on_o the_o westside_n clear_a without_o monsei_n point_n continue_v your_o course_n towards_o marykerke_n through_o the_o channel_n south_n east_n and_o anchor_n behind_o the_o rogue_fw-mi before_o the_o town_n at_o 8._o or_o 9_o fathom_n yet_o shall_v you_o not_o sail_v into_o monsei_n before_o marykerke_n be_v see_v without_o the_o point_n of_o monsei_n there_o you_o may_v likewise_o anchor_n on_o the_o northside_n of_o the_o haven_n at_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o town_n of_o monsei_n there_o be_v a_o bay_n before_o which_o lie_v a_o shall_v east_n north_n east_n about_o two_o cable_n length_n thwart_o the_o haven_n marykerke_n lie_v from_o monsei_n north_n and_o by_o east_n but_o it_o lie_v east_n north_n east_n from_o the_o shingles_n when_o you_o come_v from_o sea_n if_o marykerke_n be_v from_o you_o south_n east_n you_o may_v enter_v at_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o rock_n the_o rock_n lie_v from_o monsei_n south_n west_n and_o by_o south_n but_o the_o inner_a end_n of_o the_o rock_n bear_v south_n and_o by_o west_n the_o cape_n de_fw-fr finisterre_n and_o monte_fw-fr lauro_n lie_v from_o each_o other_o south_n east_n and_o north_n west_n and_o the_o rock_n betwixt_o they_o bear_v south_n south_n east_n there_o be_v a_o bay_n between_o the_o cape_n of_o finisterre_n and_o corrian_n where_o eastward_o of_o the_o great_a rock_n you_o may_v anchor_n before_o the_o sandy_a bay_n at_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n a_o little_a dutch_a league_n to_o the_o eastward_o of_o finisterre_n bear_v the_o haven_n of_o corcovia_n which_o the_o fleminge_n call_v corco_n baiona_fw-la it_o stretch_v inward_o to_o the_o north_n where_o you_o may_v cast_v anchor_n in_o the_o channel_n at_o the_o sandy_a bay_n in_o 8._o or_o 9_o fatham_n these_o coast_n or_o port_n do_v yield_v like_o merchandise_n and_o fruit_n as_o the_o aforesaid_a coast_n of_o riba_n deos_fw-la etc._n etc._n they_o take_v beside_o at_o certain_a season_n every_o year_n a_o wonderful_a great_a quantity_n of_o whale_n to_o their_o great_a profit_n and_o commodity_n the_o map_n '_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o galicia_n and_o of_o octugall_n until_o you_o be_v paste_v the_o cape_n of_o finisterre_n even_o as_o it_o be_v situate_v and_o as_o it_o appear_v when_o you_o come_v sailinge_v alongst_o out_o of_o the_o spannishe_a sea_n a_o true_a declaration_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o gallitia_n from_z the_o cape_n de_fw-fr finisterre_n beyond_o camino_n if_o you_o will_v sail_v into_o muros_fw-la or_o moores_n set_v montelauro_n call_v mounteluer_n northeast_n and_o by_o east_n from_o you_o hold_v then_o on_o towards_o montelauro_n and_o you_o shall_v go_v clear_a of_o the_o rock_n that_o he_o on_o both_o side_n but_o borrow_v most_o of_o the_o south_n side_n because_o that_o be_v the_o salf_a but_o when_o you_o come_v near_a montelauro_n you_o shall_v see_v many_o high_a rock_n which_o you_o must_v leave_v on_o the_o larebord_n side_n three_o cable_n length_n and_o so_o go_v in_o south_n south_n east_n of_o montelauro_n you_o have_v a_o blind_a rock_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n which_o you_o must_v leave_v on_o the_o starbord_v side_n but_o when_o the_o town_n that_o lie_v in_o northwards_o of_o montelauro_n come_v full_a open_a unto_o you_o then_o be_v you_o past_o this_o blind_a rock_n which_o lie_v south_n and_o by_o east_n somewhat_o more_o easterly_a of_o the_o east_n end_n of_o the_o town_n you_o must_v shun_v the_o first_o point_n within_o montelauro_n two_o cable_n length_n of_o and_o have_v past_o the_o other_o point_n bear_v in_o northwards_o to_o the_o town_n which_o be_v on_o the_o starbord_v side_n the_o city_n muros_fw-la stand_v on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o haven_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n at_o .12_o or_o .13_o fathom_n but_o if_o you_o will_v enter_v the_o river_n of_o roxo_fw-la you_o must_v set_v southwarde_o without_o the_o cape_n of_o muros_fw-la for_o there_o be_v many_o rock_n stretch_v out_o into_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o northside_n of_o the_o haven_n of_o roxo_fw-la which_o you_o can_v sail_v between_o wherefore_o hold_v on_o till_o you_o be_v south_n of_o the_o great_a rock_n and_o have_v leave_v all_o the_o rock_n on_o your_o larebordside_n or_o to_o the_o seaward_n continue_v your_o course_n between_o the_o firm_a land_n and_o the_o rock_n until_o you_o may_v see_v the_o haven_n open_a before_o you_o then_o must_v you_o pass_v up_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o
red_a point_n lie_v a_o great_a white_a rock_n when_o you_o have_v bring_v this_o rock_n right_a over_o the_o black_a point_n you_o be_v hard_o abourde_v the_o blind_a rock_n that_o lie_v thwart_v the_o channel_n of_o dartmouth_n yet_o near_o to_o the_o eastward_o but_o when_o you_o come_v to_o discern_v the_o key_n of_o the_o town_n that_o stand_v on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o haven_n keep_v amid_o the_o channel_n until_o you_o may_v perfect_o see_v the_o same_o then_o hale_v inwards_o until_o you_o be_v within_o the_o two_o castle_n stand_v on_o the_o haven_n side_n and_o you_o shall_v go_v clear_a of_o the_o rock_n the_o haven_n be_v wide_o within_o you_o may_v turn_v westward_o and_o let_v fall_v anchor_n before_o the_o town_n or_o the_o brew-house_n where_o you_o listen_v three_o league_n eastward_o from_o thence_o be_v the_o road_n of_o torbay_n which_o be_v very_a self_n for_o a_o south-west_n wind_n you_o may_v likewise_o anchor_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o start_n where_o be_v good_a anchor_n hold_v in_o 8._o or_o 9_o fathan_fw-ge four_o league_n to_o the_o northward_o of_o torbay_n lie_v the_o bay_n of_o tynmouth_n a_o self_n harbour_n for_o a_o south_n wind_n where_o be_v also_o good_a ground_n for_o anker_a in_o 7._o or_o 8._o fathom_n if_o you_o come_v out_o of_o the_o west_n into_o portland_n road_n hold_v on_o two_o cable_n length_n off_o alongst_o porteland_n shore_n and_o have_v past_o the_o point_n turn_v westward_n till_o you_o come_v to_o the_o castle_n where_o be_v good_a road_n against_o a_o south_n and_o south_n and_o by_o east_n wind_n at_o 7._o or_o 8._o fathom_n northward_o of_o portland_n lie_v a_o little_a bard_n haven_n call_v weymouth_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n at_o 4._o or_o 5._o fathom_n if_o you_o will_v ride_v under_o s._n aldomes_n land_n shun_v the_o needle_n of_o shipman_n pool_n and_o so_o sail_v into_o the_o town_n which_o at_o a_o low_a water_n you_o have_v anker_v at_o 3._o fathom_n these_o port_n yield_v 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island_n between_o the_o chesell_n &_o the_o isle_n point_n because_o of_o the_o rock_n call_v the_o warden_n which_o lie_v on_o wight-side_n near_o the_o shore_n then_o turn_v eastward_o over_o against_o calshorte_a you_o must_v cast_v anchor_n in_o 7._o or_o 8._o fathom_n but_o if_o you_o will_v enter_v at_o the_o east_n end_n of_o wight_n keep_v the_o castle_n right_a against_o the_o lime-kil_a that_o lie_v above_o portesmouth_n until_o that_o culuer_n cliff_n come_v within_o the_o point_n of_o the_o i_o will_v for_o than_o shall_v you_o have_v bring_v the_o lyme-kill_a to_o the_o east_n end_n of_o portesmouth_n which_o you_o must_v so_o hold_v until_o the_o castle_n which_o stand_v to_o the_o westward_a of_o portesmouth_n do_v appear_v on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o wood_n and_o then_o ply_v sometime_o towards_o saint_n helen_n abbey_n keep_n your_o mark_n in_o this_o sort_n you_o shall_v take_v no_o hurt_n on_o the_o shoalde_v or_o sand_n but_o if_o you_o can_v see_v the_o limekill_n then_o shall_v you_o keep_v the_o castle_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o culuer_n cliff_n until_o you_o have_v bring_v s._n helen_n church_n with_o out_o the_o point_n of_o the_o island_n a_o ship_n length_n then_o may_v you_o free_o sail_v northwest_o up_o without_o any_o danger_n of_o the_o riff_o or_o tayle-sand_n that_o lie_v out_o then_o keep_v the_o square_a tower_n between_o the_o east_n end_n of_o portesmouth_n and_o the_o castle_n until_o you_o may_v see_v the_o castle_n which_o stand_v on_o the_o westside_n of_o portesmouth_n eastward_o of_o the_o wood_n and_o so_o may_v you_o go_v inwards_o the_o mark_n of_o these_o shoalds_z and_o flat_n be_v these_o viz._n the_o castle_n stand_a eastward_n of_o portesmouth_n and_o the_o square_a tower_n whereof_o i_o have_v now_o treat_v when_o you_o have_v bring_v the_o lymekill_n so_o much_o to_o the_o eastward_o of_o the_o castle_n that_o you_o may_v but_o see_v betwixt_o they_o then_o be_v you_o upon_o a_o little_a shall_v which_o at_o low_a water_n have_v 5._o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a and_o then_o have_v you_o the_o castle_n that_o stand_v on_o the_o west_n end_n of_o portesmouth_n at_o the_o west_n corner_n of_o the_o wood_n but_o when_o the_o square_a tower_n that_o stand_v by_o east_n of_o portesmouth_n be_v bring_v westward_o of_o the_o castle_n then_o the_o castle_n by_o west_n of_o portesmouth_n stand_v at_o the_o wood_n west_n end_n you_o have_v there_o at_o high_a water_n 6._o fathom_n and_o when_o the_o square_a tower_n be_v see_v between_o the_o east_n end_n of_o portsmouth_n and_o the_o castle_n and_o the_o castle_n stand_v right_a betwixt_o the_o limekill_n and_o the_o tower_n &_o likewise_o when_o the_o castle_n on_o the_o west_n end_n of_o portesmouth_n stand_v to_o the_o eastward_o of_o the_o wood_n then_o have_v you_o 11._o fathom_n at_o high_a water_n but_o when_o the_o limekill_n and_o portesmouth_n tower_n be_v one_o &_o the_o castle_n bear_v westward_o of_o the_o wood_n then_o have_v you_o 10._o fathom_n at_o high_a water_n and_o last_o when_o s._n helen_n lie_v south_n west_n and_o by_o west_n from_o you_o than_o the_o south_n east_n end_n of_o the_o shall_v bear_v north_n east_n and_o by_o north_n from_o you_o three_o league_n eastward_o of_o weenbridge_n lie_v arundel_n which_o be_v a_o bard_n haven_n &_o at_o half_a flood_n .2_o fathom_n deep_a you_o must_v go_v in_o by_o the_o west_n coast_n and_o let_v fall_v your_o anchor_n before_o the_o town_n in_o .5_o fathom_n four_o league_n from_o arundel_n stand_v new_a shoram_n the_o east_n side_n thereof_o have_v a_o gravel_o chesell_n where_o alonge_v you_o may_v sail_v in_o and_o in_o the_o entry_n you_o have_v .3_o fathan_fw-ge water_n at_o half_a flood_n in_o the_o midst_n before_o the_o haven_n lie_v rock_n under_o water_n the_o entry_n on_o the_o west_n side_n be_v wide_a and_o broad_a and_o be_v at_o half_a flood_n 2._o fathom_n deep_a the_o haven_n be_v large_a and_o broad_a within_o where_o you_o may_v anchor_n in_o 4._o or_o 5._o fathom_n if_o you_o will_v sail_v into_o the_o cammer_n of_o rye_n shape_n your_o course_n alongst_o the_o shingel_n and_o when_o you_o shall_v be_v a_o cable_n length_n of_o the_o point_n of_o the_o shingel_n turn_v up_o towards_o the_o castle_n of_o winchelzey_n leave_v all_o the_o shore_n or_o shall_v mark_n on_o your_o starbord_v then_o let_v fall_v your_o anchor_n in_o the_o river_n of_o rye_n call_v the_o rother_n at_o 4._o or_o 5._o fathom_n for_o the_o cammer_n where_o in_o time_n past_a we_o be_v wont_a to_o lie_v be_v now_o foul_a &_o full_a of_o shoalde_n these_o country_n yield_v little_a else_o but_o wool_n clothe_v and_o fier-wood_n which_o be_v transport_v from_o thence_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o england_n between_o the_o i_o will_v of_o wight_n &_o dover_n with_o the_o principal_a haven_n thereof_o according_a to_o their_o situation_n and_o appear_v *_o honi_fw-fr soit_fw-fr qvi_fw-fr mal_fw-fr y_fw-fr pense_fw-fr the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o mariners_z mirror_n contain_v in_o diverse_a perfect_a plot_n &_o sea_n charts_n both_o the_o northern_a and_o eastern_a navigation_n viz._n from_o the_o strait_n between_o dover_n and_o calais_n the_o coast_n of_o england_n scotland_n norway_n emdenyutland_n a_o with_o all_o the_o sound_n of_o denmark_n &_o the_o baltic_a sea_n unto_o wiburgh_n and_o the_o name_n with_o their_o particular_a description_n trafik_n and_o commodity_n a_o perfect_n description_n and_o portrait_n of_o the_o chief_a part_n of_o england_n viz._n of_o thames_n the_o river_n of_o london_n and_o of_o all_o the_o sand_n bank_n flatte_n and_o shoalde_v unto_o harwich_n if_o you_o come_v from_o the_o west_n and_o will_v pass_v within_o the_o goodwin_n to_o the_o foreland_n first_o shape_n your_o course_n north_n north-east_n
these_o particular_a map_n why_o in_o some_o coast_n river_n and_o other_o inland_a water_n the_o town_n tower_n rock_n and_o other_o mark_n or_o sign_n do_v seem_v on_o one_o side_n to_o stand_v upright_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n clean_o contrary_a the_o gentle_a reader_n shall_v understand_v that_o in_o the_o particular_a chartes_n i_o have_v treat_v little_a thereof_o as_o a_o matter_n not_o incident_a to_o the_o treaty_n of_o navigation_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o pilot_n shipmaster_n mariner_n and_o many_o other_o who_o it_o special_o concern_v which_o set_v out_o daily_a to_o the_o sea_n have_v hitherto_o continual_o use_v &_o as_o yet_o do_v always_o use_v the_o like_a chart_n so_o that_o with_o the_o least_o alteration_n thereof_o they_o may_v often_o put_v in_o danger_n their_o ship_n &_o good_n i_o think_v it_o not_o requisite_a by_o and_o by_o to_o change_v the_o same_o although_o i_o know_v and_o have_v prove_v for_o certainty_n that_o it_o will_v seem_v very_o absurd_a and_o against_o reason_n to_o all_o cunning_a &_o skilful_a man_n who_o i_o earnest_o desire_v for_o that_o cause_n to_o have_v i_o excuse_v lest_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o straungnes_n and_o such_o doubtful_a alteration_n those_o which_o go_v to_o the_o sea_n shall_v be_v bring_v to_o any_o doubt_n or_o confusion_n whereby_o many_o danger_n and_o discommodity_n may_v ensue_v and_o let_v it_o not_o seem_v strange_a to_o any_o if_o peradventure_o some_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_n haven_n country_n etc._n etc._n appear_v not_o so_o full_o and_o plain_o and_o show_v themselves_o as_o indeed_o they_o be_v and_o as_o they_o be_v portray_v in_o our_o several_a chartes_n for_o albeit_o beside_o my_o own_o skill_n and_o experience_n i_o have_v confer_v and_o show_v whatsoever_o be_v contain_v in_o this_o book_n to_o diverse_a shipmaster_n and_o expert_a pilot_n and_o have_v correct_v the_o same_o by_o their_o note_n who_o according_a to_o their_o several_a experience_n and_o judgement_n have_v praise_v and_o allow_v all_o these_o several_a chartes_n which_o since_o that_o i_o have_v publish_v in_o the_o same_o form_n yet_o because_o it_o be_v natural_a for_o man_n to_o be_v deceive_v &_o for_o that_o diverse_a man_n have_v not_o only_o diverse_a opinion_n but_o also_o evident_a fault_n perhaps_o many_o error_n will_v be_v find_v in_o this_o book_n which_o a_o painful_a and_o diligent_a pilot_n will_v easy_o amend_v see_v it_o be_v far_o easy_a to_o correct_v that_o which_o be_v already_o invent_v then_o to_o frame_v a_o new_a â§_o of_o the_o special_a property_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o aswell_o in_o time_n past_a as_o at_o this_o present_a make_v many_o to_o wonder_v no_o man_n doubt_v that_o the_o wave_n of_o the_o great_a ocean_n and_o the_o force_n of_o the_o stream_n notwithstanding_o a_o contrary_a wind_n do_v always_o come_v from_o the_o northwest_n and_o flow_v very_o swift_o upon_o all_o the_o sea_n coast_n &_o in_o the_o sea_n of_o our_o usual_a navigation_n the_o wave_n be_v mount_v on_o such_o a_o height_n and_o separate_v so_o far_o asunder_o that_o when_o two_o ship_n be_v part_v by_o such_o wave_n each_o other_o mast_n and_o top_n can_v be_v see_v which_o happen_v common_o at_o a_o still_a water_n or_o calm_a weather_n and_o these_o wave_n be_v so_o far_o distant_a that_o you_o can_v shoot_v from_o one_o ship_n to_o another_o with_o a_o caliver_n moreover_o in_o all_o the_o streict_n or_o levant_n sea_n the_o wave_n always_o drive_v and_o rise_v up_o against_o the_o coast_n creek_n and_o shore_n and_o also_o the_o little_a stream_n and_o river_n notwithstanding_o a_o contrary_a wind_n always_o roll_n up_o against_o the_o shore_n a_o thing_n doubtless_o strange_a &_o wonderful_a but_o yet_o i_o think_v that_o no_o man_n have_v hitherto_o as_o far_o as_o i_o know_v certain_o declare_v or_o define_v the_o natural_a cause_n of_o this_o motion_n wherefore_o in_o few_o word_n i_o will_v declare_v my_o opinion_n hereof_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o motion_n may_v proceed_v without_o prejudice_n to_o other_o man_n opinion_n from_o the_o northwest_n quarter_n because_o many_o tempest_n and_o storm_n arise_v in_o the_o north_n and_o northwest_n country_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o coldness_n and_o intemperature_n of_o the_o air_n land_n and_o sea_n from_o whence_o blow_v such_o mighty_a and_o forcible_a wind_n drive_v and_o beat_v the_o sea_n and_o the_o wave_n thereof_o with_o such_o might_n that_o no_o contrary_a wind_n can_v stop_v or_o resist_v the_o course_n or_o toss_v thereof_o and_o that_o happen_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o continual_a succession_n of_o the_o wave_n and_o surge_n which_o drive_v one_o another_o from_o a_o coast_n so_o far_o off_o but_o some_o man_n may_v demand_v why_o it_o proceed_v not_o rather_o from_o the_o south-west_n where_o the_o sea_n be_v wide_a and_o large_a who_o may_v be_v thus_o answer_v that_o the_o sun_n with_o his_o natural_a heat_n do_v so_o temper_n and_o moderate_v the_o wind_n surge_n and_o wave_n under_o the_o south_n climate_n that_o there_o can_v arise_v such_o great_a tempest_n for_o it_o be_v see_v and_o prove_v by_o daily_a experience_n in_o the_o indian_a navigation_n that_o the_o sun_n be_v high_a in_o the_o south_n climate_n do_v make_v the_o weather_n calm_a and_o the_o water_n smooth_a contrariwise_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o north_n and_o northwest_n have_v no_o such_o force_n but_o yield_v lesser_a heat_n which_o may_v be_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o wave_n be_v always_o troublesome_a northwestward_a and_o come_v roll_v about_o all_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o europe_n but_o i_o believe_v that_o a_o ship_n far_o from_o the_o shore_n and_o under_o sail_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o northwest_o sea_n perceave_v no_o such_o matter_n but_o when_o you_o draw_v near_o or_o about_o new-found_a land_n you_o shall_v doubtless_o find_v again_o that_o the_o flood_n and_o narrow_a sea_n within_o the_o land_n be_v stir_v up_o and_o flow_v from_o the_o north-east_n and_o this_o gentle_a reader_n be_v my_o opinion_n hereof_o submit_v myself_o to_o the_o better_a censure_n of_o other_o man_n but_o the_o secret_n of_o almighty_a god_n the_o only_a creator_n and_o governor_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v so_o incomprehensible_a and_o insearcheable_a although_o we_o behold_v the_o heaven_n the_o air_n the_o land_n &_o sea_n that_o we_o be_v altogether_o unable_a in_o respect_n of_o his_o omnipotency_n or_o rather_o unworthy_a to_o judge_v or_o set_v down_o any_o certainty_n thereof_o but_o so_o far_o as_o our_o endeavour_n and_o the_o compass_n of_o our_o human_a wit_n give_v we_o of_o god_n can_v natural_o conceive_v and_o no_o far_o the_o rest_n we_o most_o humble_o refer_v to_o his_o divine_a majesty_n until_o we_o be_v change_v from_o this_o miserable_a and_o wretched_a life_n â§_o a_fw-la exhortation_n to_o the_o apprentice_n of_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n the_o first_o and_o chief_a way_n to_o attain_v to_o the_o perfect_a skill_n and_o science_n of_o navigation_n be_v whensoever_o any_o shipmaster_n or_o mariner_n shall_v set_v forth_o from_o land_n out_o of_o any_o river_n or_o haven_n diligent_o to_o mark_v what_o building_n castle_n tower_n church_n hill_n ball_n down_n windmill_n or_o other_o mark_n be_v stand_v on_o the_o land_n all_o which_o or_o many_o of_o they_o let_v he_o portray_v with_o his_o pen_n how_o they_o bear_v and_o how_o far_o distant_a but_o upon_o the_o true_a and_o certain_a point_n of_o the_o compass_n upon_o which_o he_o first_o set_v sail_n and_o shape_v his_o course_n while_o yet_o every_o mark_n on_o the_o land_n may_v be_v clear_o and_o evident_o perceave_v to_o the_o end_n the_o true_a arise_v thereof_o may_v be_v the_o better_a have_v he_o must_v also_o very_o often_o cast_v the_o lead_n that_o he_o may_v most_o exact_o note_v in_o his_o compt-booke_n how_o far_o off_o all_o the_o shoald_n and_o sand_n lie_v from_o the_o shore_n in_o like_a manner_n must_v he_o proceed_v that_o describe_v and_o arrive_v towards_o any_o other_o country_n to_o wit_n assoon_o as_o the_o arise_v and_o show_v of_o the_o land_n be_v it_o high_a or_o low_o with_o the_o beakon_v and_o other_o mark_n may_v be_v plain_o perceave_v straightway_o must_v he_o compare_v they_o all_o with_o those_o our_o chartes_n and_o tables_n and_o when_o the_o coast_n be_v thus_o know_v either_o whole_o or_o in_o part_n then_o must_v he_o wary_o and_o diligent_o endeavour_v to_o seek_v out_o and_o find_v the_o true_a depth_n and_o channel_n by_o certain_a mark_n tower_n church_n beakon_v etc._n etc._n which_o be_v find_v almost_o at_o every_o port_n entry_n cape_n or_o point_n and_o no_o less_o heedful_o consider_v how_o his_o course_n lie_v inwards_o and_o outwards_o any_o mariner_n that_o will_v diligent_o and_o with_o understanding_n practice_v these_o
n.e._n and_o by_o e._n from_o derley_n to_o cape_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hague_n it_o fall_v s.s.e._n from_o cape_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hague_n to_o aldernay_n n.e._n in_o the_o rasse_n of_o blanquert_n it_o fall_v n.e._n from_o dierley_n to_o the_o casket_n it_o fall_v e._n and_o w._n from_o garnsey_n to_o the_o casket_n it_o fall_v a_o quarter_n of_o a_o tide_n east_n southeast_n and_o the_o rest_n n.e._n at_o the_o sept_n isle_n the_o flood_n fall_v e._n and_o by_o s._n from_o the_o sept_n isle_n to_o s._n pol_n alongst_o the_o shore_n e._n &_o by_o s._n from_o s._n pol_n to_o the_o fourne_n it_o fall_v e._n and_o by_o s._n from_o the_o fourne_n to_o s._n mathews_n point_n s._n and_o by_o e._n in_o the_o bresont_n between_o vshant_n and_o the_o seam_n e.n.e._n in_o the_o ras_n of_o fontenay_n the_o flood_n fall_v thwart_v over_o the_o rock_n call_v the_o empress_n and_o make_v a_o very_a great_a noise_n and_o tumble_v on_o the_o bank_n call_v the_o calf_n furthermore_o upon_o all_o the_o coast_n of_o poictou_n gascoigne_n biscay_n gallicia_n portugal_n and_o spain_n it_o fall_v always_o right_a of_o and_o on_o to_o and_o fro_o forasmuch_o as_o of_o late_a day_n many_o skilful_a and_o experience_a navigator_n and_o shipmaister_n have_v most_o earnest_o travayl_v to_o find_v out_o a_o sure_a and_o perfect_a way_n whereby_o with_o the_o help_n of_o some_o certain_a sign_n or_o instrument_n aswell_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o place_n from_o east_n to_o west_n as_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o pole_n between_o south_n and_o north_n may_v in_o sail_v be_v secret_o know_v yet_o have_v bring_v nothing_o to_o light_v more_o than_o what_o long_o ago_o be_v well_o know_v to_o our_o ancestor_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o use_n of_o certain_a instrument_n which_o in_o this_o thing_n be_v uncertain_a though_o very_o good_a and_o perfect_a in_o that_o use_n to_o the_o which_o they_o be_v first_o make_v and_o see_v that_o by_o they_o all_o there_o be_v not_o discover_v any_o hide_a way_n in_o the_o firmament_n by_o the_o which_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o place_n may_v certain_o be_v observe_v and_o use_v i_o will_v not_o at_o this_o time_n make_v any_o mention_n thereof_o but_o defer_v it_o till_o a_o fit_a and_o more_o commodious_a time_n that_o i_o may_v then_o discover_v to_o all_o man_n what_o i_o know_v therein_o wherefore_o i_o will_v entreat_v all_o those_o that_o happy_o may_v find_v this_o strange_a in_o a_o matter_n of_o such_o weight_n and_o importance_n not_o to_o be_v greeve_v thereat_o but_o patient_o expect_v that_o which_o remain_v a_o exact_a description_n of_o the_o depth_n and_o sounding_n near_o the_o diverse_a province_n of_o our_o navigation_n and_o first_o of_o gascoigne_n poictou_n and_o britain_n without_o garumna_n the_o river_n of_o bourdeaux_n there_o be_v 14._o fathom_n depth_n but_o when_o you_o come_v within_o sight_n of_o cordam_n tower_n but_o 30._o fathom_n over_o against_o the_o coast_n of_o poictou_n 16._o league_n without_o oleron_n you_o have_v 25._o faith_n depth_n but_o come_v near_o the_o land_n of_o poictou_n 8._o league_n from_o the_o shore_n you_o have_v 35._o fathom_n in_o the_o channel_n between_o porthuis_n and_o heys_n it_o be_v 30._o fathom_n deep_a and_o asmuch_o in_o the_o channel_n of_o heys_n as_o also_o between_o heys_n and_o belile_n be_v the_o same_o depth_n without_o the_o channel_n it_o be_v 35._o fathom_n deep_a but_o within_o be_v 25._o fathom_n only_o without_o heys_n two_o kenninge_n off_o there_o be_v find_v 45._o fathom_n 22._o league_n southwards_o of_o belile_n you_o have_v 70._o fathom_n but_o nine_o league_n from_o the_o northwest_o point_n of_o that_o island_n towards_o the_o south-west_n be_v 60._o fathom_n depth_n and_o over_o against_o the_o midst_n of_o belile_n in_o 40._o fathom_n depth_n you_o shall_v see_v land_n in_o your_o course_n between_o belile_n and_o the_o seem_v you_o may_v come_v no_o near_a then_o 50._o or_o 45._o fathom_n if_o you_o sail_v from_o belile_n west_n and_o by_o north_n when_o you_o be_v against_o gloyland_n you_o shall_v find_v 60._o fathom_n depth_n without_o and_o within_o the_o rock_n which_o stand_v off_o gloyland_n to_o the_o seawarde_n you_o have_v 40._o fathom_n water_n in_o 65._o fathom_n depth_n without_o the_o west_n penmarque_v you_o may_v sail_v northwest_o and_o by_o west_n without_o the_o seem_v but_o by_o night_n come_v no_o near_o then_o in_o 55._o fathom_n for_o the_o ground_n be_v gross_a and_o red_a sand_n full_a of_o round_a flint_n half_o a_o league_n west_n southwest_n of_o the_o seem_v be_v a_o ledge_n of_o rock_n where_o you_o have_v 7._o fathom_n depth_n but_o between_o the_o seem_v and_o the_o rock_n there_o be_v 50._o fathom_n water_n in_o the_o channel_n between_o the_o seem_v &_o heissand_n call_v vshant_fw-mi you_o have_v 55._o faith_n depth_n the_o ground_n be_v gross_a red_a sand_n mingle_v with_o little_a round_a stone_n red_a and_o black_a near_o to_o vshant_n there_o be_v 45._o fathom_n but_o within_o it_o be_v of_o a_o unequal_a and_o variable_a depth_n southwestwardes_o almost_o six_o league_n off_o vshant_n you_o have_v 70._o fathom_n and_o the_o ground_n be_v fine_a white_a sand_n mingle_v with_o little_a white_a shell_n and_o other_o small_a thing_n like_o needle_n and_o then_o be_v vshant_n east_n from_o you_o but_o if_o the_o sand_n be_v gross_a and_o white_a mingle_v with_o great_a and_o white_a shell_n then_o be_v it_o southeast_n to_o you_o but_o if_o you_o doubt_v of_o these_o ground_n go_v northerly_a if_o your_o sound_n be_v deep_a than_o you_o be_v towards_o the_o seem_v if_o not_o so_o deep_a then_o be_v you_o in_o the_o channel_n almost_o north_n of_o vshant_n between_o ushant_n and_o obeurac_n in_o the_o trade_n it_o be_v 60._o fathom_n deep_a between_o ushant_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a or_o sorlinge_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n there_o be_v 70._o fathom_n depth_n if_o you_o sail_v between_o the_o seem_v and_o vshant_n in_o 70._o fathom_n water_n the_o ground_n will_v be_v of_o little_a black_a stone_n easy_a to_o be_v break_v and_o of_o yellow_a earth_n or_o clay_n but_o if_o you_o find_v red_a and_o hard_a sand_n go_v northward_o till_o you_o happen_v on_o white_a sand_n mingle_v with_o long_o strike_v and_o then_o without_o doubt_n you_o sail_n in_o the_o channel_n if_o set_v from_o cizarga_n you_o sail_v n._n northeastward_o in_o the_o spanish_a sea_n towards_o vshant_n and_o find_v yourself_o in_o 80._o fathom_n you_o be_v 14._o or_o 15._o league_n off_o vshant_n but_o come_v near_o you_o shall_v have_v 70._o fathom_n water_n and_o be_v 10._o league_n distant_a of_o vshant_n but_o if_o you_o find_v the_o ground_n to_o be_v yellow_a shell_n &_o little_a black_a stone_n then_o be_v you_o towards_o the_o seem_v wherefore_o you_o must_v with_o the_o tide_n bear_v off_o northward_o to_o shun_v vshant_n until_o you_o find_v white_a sand_n and_o thing_n like_o needle_n for_o such_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o channel_n between_o vshant_n and_o the_o i_o will_v base_a when_o you_o sail_n at_o 4._o fathom_n water_n you_o be_v 4._o league_n off_o the_o shore_n but_o by_o night_n come_v no_o near_o than_o 25._o fathom_n when_o you_o be_v two_o league_n off_o obcurac_n you_o shall_v find_v 25._o fathom_n depth_n but_o 8._o league_n off_o the_o sept_n island_n you_o have_v 55._o fathom_n a_o league_n without_o the_o rock_n of_o obeurac_n there_o be_v a_o blind_a or_o hide_a rock_n so_o that_o if_o you_o be_v to_o sail_v upon_o a_o board_n between_o the_o fourn_v and_o obeurac_n come_v no_o near_a that_o blind_a rock_n than_o 40._o fathom_n but_o eastwardes_o you_o may_v sail_v in_o 30._o or_o 25._o fathom_n if_o a_o ship_n sail_v west_n southwest_n and_o south-west_n and_o by_o west_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a or_o sorlinge_n at_o 80._o fathom_n water_n be_v find_v by_o the_o crossestaffe_n or_o the_o astrolabe_n to_o be_v under_o 49._o degree_n and_o 15._o minute_n of_o altitude_n she_o be_v 26._o league_n from_o land_n and_o must_v go_v east_n and_o by_o north_n till_o she_o get_v 66._o fathom_n water_n for_o then_o certain_o she_o be_v in_o the_o channel_n between_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a and_o vshant_n and_o then_o if_o she_o be_v bind_v for_o england_n she_o must_v sail_v more_o northward_o and_o between_o the_o land_n end_n and_o the_o lilard_n she_o shall_v have_v 55._o fathom_n depth_n a_o diligent_a description_n of_o the_o soundinge_n and_o ground_n between_o ireland_n england_n and_o normandy_n three_o league_n without_o the_o isle_n of_o dorsey_n under_o ireland_n it_o be_v 45._o fathom_n deep_a in_o the_o channel_n between_o dorsey_n and_o cape_n clear_a be_v 42._o or_o 43._o fathom_n the_o channel_n from_o cape_n clear_a to_o the_o
island_n of_o saltees_n have_v 45._o fathom_n but_o two_o league_n off_o ireland_n it_o have_v but_o 40._o between_o the_o isle_n of_o saltees_n and_o milford_n it_o be_v 44._o fathom_n deep_a &_o between_o londay_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a 38._o faith_n in_o the_o mid_a way_n between_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a and_o milford_n it_o be_v 44._o fathom_n deep_a but_o plain_a north_n of_o silly_a 40._o and_o 42._o fathom_n near_o england_n by_o the_o land_n end_v the_o channel_n be_v of_o 50._o fathom_n depth_n a_o ship_n that_o come_v from_o cape_n finisterre_n sail_v north_n north-east_n if_o she_o have_v 80._o fathom_n sound_v she_o be_v 20._o league_n off_o the_o shore_n and_o the_o ground_n be_v small_a black_a stone_n mingle_v with_o great_a red_a sand_n in_o the_o same_o course_n when_o you_o have_v but_o 60._o fathom_n water_n you_o be_v within_o 12._o or_o 14._o league_n off_o the_o shore_n yet_o shall_v you_o not_o so_o soon_o ken_v land_n as_o you_o will_v think_v for_o you_o shall_v a_o great_a while_n have_v 60._o faith_n depth_n for_o it_o be_v at_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o channel_n about_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a between_o vshant_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a the_o channel_n be_v 70._o fathom_n deep_a on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a the_o ground_n be_v small_a red_a stone_n and_o fine_a white_a sand_n over_o against_o the_o lizard_n and_o falmouth_n 4._o league_n from_o shore_n it_o be_v 52._o fathom_n deep_a betwixt_o foy_n and_o plymouth_n sound_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n it_o be_v 60._o fathom_n deep_a between_o the_o lizard_n and_o the_o start_n bear_v no_o near_o the_o shore_n than_o 35._o fathom_n you_o may_v cast_v anchor_n in_o the_o trade_n or_o channel_n in_o 25._o fathom_n and_o so_o shall_v you_o lie_v within_o the_o foreland_n stream_n between_o plymouth_n and_o the_o sept_n isle_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n it_o be_v 55._o fathom_n deep_a but_o 4._o league_n south_n south-west_n of_o plymouth_n it_o be_v but_o 35._o fathom_n south_n southeastward_o of_o the_o midland_n of_o the_o start_n it_o be_v 45._o fathom_n deep_a but_o from_o thence_o 5._o or_o 6._o league_n southeast_n you_o have_v 54._o fathom_n in_o the_o channel_n between_o the_o casket_n and_o portland_n it_o be_v 40._o fathom_n deep_a &_o a_o league_n northward_o off_o the_o isle_n of_o alderney_n be_v a_o hole_n or_o pit_n 80._o fathom_n deep_a all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o channel_n between_o portland_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o alderney_n be_v of_o equal_a depth_n viz._n 40._o fathom_n when_o you_o be_v within_o kin_v of_o portland_n your_o sound_v be_v 34._o fathom_n and_o 3._o league_n off_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n 36._o fathom_n as_o also_o two_o league_n eastward_o of_o beachy_a between_o picardy_a and_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n the_o channel_n in_o the_o midst_n be_v 38._o fathom_n deep_a between_o winchelsey_n and_o picardy_a 24._o fathom_n the_o shall_v between_o the_o head_n call_v the_o vrowen-sand_n have_v but_o three_o fathom_n depth_n and_o a_o half_a but_o on_o the_o southside_n of_o it_o there_o be_v 24._o fathom_n and_o in_o all_o the_o fair_a way_n betwetne_n zealand_n and_o dover_n it_o be_v 24._o fathom_n deep_a a_o perfect_n description_n of_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o north_n sea_n from_o england_n foreland_n or_o the_o mouth_n of_o flaunders_n in_o the_o channel_n and_o course_n from_o england_n fore-land_n and_o sand_n of_o flaunders_n you_o have_v 24._o fathom_n depth_n but_o three_o league_n northwest_o and_o by_o west_n of_o the_o country_n of_o zierickze_n there_o be_v a_o shall_v common_o call_v borbreck_n which_o have_v 4._o fathom_n depth_n without_o this_o shall_v the_o channel_n of_o zealand_n be_v 26._o fathom_n deep_a northwest_o of_o harlem_n 8._o or_o 9_o mile_n within_o the_o sea_n there_o begin_v a_o shelf_n common_o call_v the_o breed_n verthien_n reach_v alonge_v the_o coast_n of_o holland_n to_o the_o plain_n of_o ameland_n where_o it_o end_v over_o against_o harlem_n and_o egmond_n be_v 13._o 14._o and_o 15._o fathom_n depth_n and_o the_o ground_n be_v of_o all_o oase_n mingle_v with_o black_a sand_n like_a unto_o mustardseed_n the_o say_a shelf_n or_o shall_v have_v 15._o 16._o or_o 17._o fathom_n depth_n between_o texel_n and_o vlieland_n where_o the_o ground_n be_v gross_a red_a sand_n 6._o or_o 7._o league_n from_o shore_n for_o there_o the_o shall_v be_v narrow_a than_o it_o be_v towards_o the_o southend_n the_o channel_n without_o the_o shall_v between_o zealand_n and_o texel_n be_v 26_o fathom_n deep_a even_o as_o far_o as_o the_o shall_v which_o the_o fisher_n call_v doggsant_a in_o the_o channel_n on_o england_n side_n over_o against_o yermouth_n be_v 32._o fathom_n depth_n but_o right_o against_o flamborough_n and_o scarborough_n point_n 38._o fathom_n whereas_o the_o white_a shelf_n common_o call_v doggsant_n begin_v reach_v into_o the_o north_n sea_n to_o the_o channel_n of_o helichland_n this_o shall_v where_n it_o be_v within_o ken_n of_o flamborough_n point_n have_v but_o 9_o or_o 10._o fathom_n depth_n but_o when_o in_o the_o same_o sand_n you_o find_v 12._o fathom_n depth_n then_o texel_n be_v from_o you_o south_a almost_o 30._o league_n but_o when_o you_o be_v come_v to_o 16._o fathom_n depth_n then_o be_v you_o within_o 21._o league_n south_n southeast_n of_o vlieland_n a_o ship_n that_o come_v from_o the_o riff_o find_v 18._o faith_n depth_n on_o the_o foresay_a sand_n be_v then_o 20._o league_n south_n and_o by_o east_n of_o vlieland_n but_o come_v to_o 22._o fathom_n must_v then_o sail_v towards_o the_o vlie_a s._n and_o by_o westward_o and_o south_n southwestward_o but_o if_o in_o the_o channel_n of_o helichland_n 24._o 26._o fathom_n depth_n be_v find_v then_o must_v you_o sail_v south-west_n and_o s.w._n and_o by_o s._n and_o then_o be_v you_o come_v to_o the_o scellinghe_n but_o when_o as_o in_o helichland_n sound_v you_o have_v 27._o fathom_n then_o be_v you_o altogether_o to_o the_o eastward_n of_o it_o between_o the_o riff_o &_o the_o shall_v call_v doggersant_a the_o channel_n be_v 26._o faith_n deep_o without_o the_o channel_n westward_n it_o be_v 32._o faith_n deep_a a_o ship_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o english_a strait_n or_o out_o of_o zealand_n have_v at_o the_o riff_o 24._o fathom_n depth_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o noes_n in_o norway_n 18._o league_n almost_o north_n and_o by_o east_n but_o have_v 20._o fathom_n be_v 16._o league_n from_o it_o northward_o and_o find_v but_o 18._o fathom_n be_v then_o 18._o league_n off_o it_o north_n and_o by_o west_n the_o course_n from_o thence_o to_o the_o holmes_n be_v 12._o league_n north_n and_o by_o e._n and_o from_o thence_o towards_o the_o point_n of_o scakghens_n 18._o league_n northeast_n and_o by_o east_n there_o be_v a_o rock_n of_o one_o only_a fathom_n depth_n stand_v north-east_n and_o north-east_n and_o by_o east_n of_o the_o holmes_n two_o league_n from_o the_o shore_n the_o depth_n of_o the_o northern_a ocean_n near_o unto_o jutland_n and_o ameland_n in_o the_o sea_n without_o jutland_n a_o mile_n distant_a from_o dodenberg_n there_o be_v a_o bank_n call_v reef-horn_n stretch_v out_o 8._o league_n w._n &_o by_o s._n which_o in_o some_o place_n have_v but_o three_o fathom_n depth_n &_o in_o some_o place_n may_v be_v sail_v over_o and_o become_v a_o road_n for_o a_o northwest_o and_o a_o north_n wind_n in_o 20._o fathom_n depth_n from_o ameland_n towards_o the_o sea_n the_o ground_n be_v gross_a sand_n red_a and_o black_a mingle_v with_o shell_n from_o thence_o sail_v southward_o in_o 16._o fathom_n three_o hour_n you_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o smooth_a sea_n of_o ameland_n where_o your_o ground_n be_v fine_a sand_n mingle_v with_o shell_n north_n from_o schellinghe_n in_o 24._o fathom_n depth_n be_v find_v altogether_o fine_a white_a sand_n and_o afterwards_o in_o 18._o fathom_n white_a and_o black_a sand_n mingle_v vlieland_n have_v white_a sand_n mingle_v with_o shell_n and_o thin_a black_a sand_n in_o 16._o fathom_n depth_n from_o the_o west_n end_n of_o vlieland_n be_v great_a &_o red_a sand_n mingle_v with_o black_a like_o unto_o mustardseed_n about_o 6._o or_o 7._o league_n from_o the_o shore_n at_o the_o east_n end_n of_o schellingh_n to_o the_o seaward_n at_o 18._o fathom_n water_n be_v find_v fine_a white_a sand_n mingle_v with_o black_a have_v in_o it_o thing_n like_o needle_n over_o against_o borckom_n in_o the_o wester_fw-ge ems_n at_o 17._o or_o 18._o fathom_n depth_n land_n may_v be_v see_v the_o ground_n be_v of_o gross_a gravel_o sand_n at_o 14._o fathom_n depth_n may_v ameland_n be_v ken_v but_o schellingh_v at_o 16._o fathom_n and_o vliland_n at_o 15._o or_o 16._o fathom_n water_n any_o man_n may_v by_o night_n
of_o alderney_n garnzey_n and_o jerzey_n and_o the_o qvaskette_n call_v the_o kasket_n together_o with_o all_o the_o coast_n rock_n and_o shoald_n lie_v thereabouts_o both_o within_o and_o without_o fecam_n bear_v westward_o from_o deep_a 7._o league_n and_o be_v a_o bard_n haven_n beyond_o it_o lie_v the_o point_n of_o strusard_n from_o whence_o you_o may_v sail_v to_o seyne_n head_n s._n s._n w._n newhaven_n call_v hable-neuf_a stand_v inward_a from_o thence_o half_a a_o league_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n to_o stay_v for_o the_o tide_n and_o sail_v up_o the_o seyne_n to_o roan_n so_o that_o before_o the_o tide_n be_v unbend_v you_o pass_v over_o the_o first_o trave_n or_o drybanck_n and_o the_o way_n from_o newhaven_n to_o honfleur_n lie_v s._n e._n but_o you_o must_v sail_v along_o the_o south_n shore_n because_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o river_n to_o quillebeuf_n be_v full_a of_o shoalde_n and_o then_o be_v you_o through_o the_o first_o trave_n but_o you_o must_v be_v very_o heedful_a of_o that_o strong_a spring_n of_o the_o sea_n call_v the_o bar_n or_o bear_v in_o which_o the_o tide_n set_v so_o violent_o and_o swift_o that_o a_o ship_n can_v scarce_o be_v keep_v up_o with_o all_o her_o anchor_n and_o cable_n but_o all_o this_o reach_n be_v to_o be_v sound_v southwest_n of_o seyne_n head_n lie_v a_o bank_n of_o three_o fathom_n and_o before_o the_o dike_a of_o cadom_fw-la call_v the_o fosse_n of_o caen_n there_o be_v bank_n which_o you_o may_v sail_v round_o about_o by_o the_o channel_n of_o caen_n which_o be_v a_o bard_n haven_n six_o league_n or_o thereabouts_o towards_o the_o west_n stand_v the_o cape_n of_o cherbourge_n where_o for_o a_o rough_a northwest_n wind_n be_v good_a harbour_n there_o lie_v sand_n overthwart_v the_o bay_n which_o at_o low_a water_n have_v but_o two_o fathom_n depth_n against_o a_o north_n and_o northwest_n wind_v you_o may_v safe_o anchor_n under_o alderney_n by_o the_o little_a bard_n haven_n in_o a_o sandy_a bay_n 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part_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o normandy_n and_o britamnie_n with_o the_o island_n adjoininge_v a_o perfect_n description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n between_o s._n malo_n and_o beyond_o the_o porte_fw-fr of_o roscow_o if_o you_o come_v from_o the_o western_a sea_n and_o seek_v harbour_n under_o garnezey_n you_o must_v sail_v in_o by_o the_o south_n shore_n of_o the_o land_n and_o may_v anchor_n in_o the_o channel_n at_o 20._o or_o 25._o fatham_n near_o to_o the_o sharp_a tower_n or_o else_o where_o at_o your_o pleasure_n jerzey_n stand_v from_o garnezey_n southeast_n almost_o 5._o dutch_a league_n where_o be_v also_o safe_a road_n for_o ship_n s._n malo_n be_v distant_a from_o jerzey_n 8._o league_n towards_o the_o south_n and_o be_v a_o bard_n haven_n at_o the_o entry_n whereof_o be_v rock_n between_o which_o you_o must_v sail_v into_o the_o river_n and_o cast_v anchor_n before_o the_o city_n at_o 5._o or_o 6._o fathom_n and_o there_o lie_v a_o bank_n westward_o two_o or_o 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haven_n for_o all_o wether_n the_o river_n of_o morlays_n lie_v five_o dutche_n league_n from_o the_o sept_n isle_n and_o be_v a_o bard_n haven_n you_o may_v anchor_n among_o the_o rock_n at_o 5._o fathom_n in_o the_o channel_n two_o dutche_n league_n from_o that_o place_n stand_v a_o island_n common_o call_v taureau_n by_o which_o you_o may_v sail_v into_o the_o river_n of_o s._n paul_n the_o lion_n which_o without_o be_v full_a of_o rock_n but_o within_o they_o you_o may_v anchor_n at_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n there_o lie_v a_o isle_n call_v ysle_z de_fw-fr bas_fw-fr 2._o dutch_a league_n distante_fw-la from_o thence_o you_o may_v sail_v in_o on_o both_o side_n of_o it_o to_o the_o channel_n or_o road_n of_o roscou_n which_o contain_v 7._o or_o 8._o fathom_n both_o on_o the_o east_n and_o west_n side_n obcurac_n bear_v from_o roscou_n 5._o league_n have_v many_o white_a sandy_a bay_n alonge_v the_o shore_n which_o be_v most_o certain_a mark_n of_o that_o coast_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o these_o country_n have_v great_a intercourse_n and_o traffic_n with_o the_o portugal_n viz._n of_o wheat_n rye_n linen_n cloth_n and_o other_o like_a gross_a marcchaundize_n the_o show_v or_o appear_v of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o britain_n even_o as_o they_o open_v and_o show_v between_o s._n malo_n and_o roscou_n a_o true_a description_n of_o conqvet_n breast_n and_o fonteneav_v the_o wonderful_a coast_n of_o britain_n a_o dutch_a league_n eastward_o of_o the_o cape_n of_o gobe_n call_v les_fw-fr four_n or_o the_o fourn_n there_o be_v many_o black_a rock_n lie_v alongst_o the_o coast_n which_o our_o seaman_n call_v the_o backovens_n and_o within_o the_o same_o be_v many_o little_a white_a sandy_a bay_n the_o land_n be_v also_o somewhat_o low_a and_o bewtify_v
here_o and_o there_o with_o some_o house_n to_o get_v the_o channel_n or_o passage_n between_o the_o foresay_a rock_n and_o bay_n you_o must_v sail_v 2._o cable_n length_n from_o the_o say_a rock_n almost_o south_n southeast_n keep_v s._n matthewes_n abbey_n in_o the_o valley_n eastward_o from_o conquer_v point_n then_o bear_v inwards_o until_o you_o come_v to_o blanc-haven_n or_o conquer_v point_n hale_v then_o to_o the_o outwards_n until_o s._n mathewes_n abbey_n be_v open_a unto_o you_o without_o conquer_v point_n sail_v alonge_v he_o cables_n length_n off_o for_o so_o shall_v you_o not_o strike_v upon_o the_o bell_n which_o lie_v off_o conquer_v point_n almost_o three_o cable_n length_n but_o keep_v flemyne_n bay_fw-mi full_a west_n of_o the_o white_a friar_n call_v the_o blanc_n moine_n but_o when_o you_o may_v plain_o discern_v conquer_v you_o be_v thwart_v the_o rock_n call_v les_fw-fr fenestriers_n which_o lie_v under_o water_n at_o the_o east_n side_n of_o conquer_v haven_n but_o if_o be_v at_o sea_n you_o must_v turn_v in_o bring_v s._n mathewes_n abbey_n right_a without_o conquer_v point_n and_o sail_v again_o about_o the_o rock_n call_v the_o hagle_n which_o lie_v almost_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o way_n from_o vshant_n there_o be_v a_o harbour_n betwixt_o fenestrier_n and_o the_o blanc_n moine_n under_o s._n matthewes_n point_n in_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n and_o if_o you_o will_v put_v over_o from_o s._n matthewes_n point_n to_o the_o race_n of_o fonteneau_n you_o must_v conde_n the_o ship_n from_o blancs_n moine_v south_n and_o by_o east_n until_o you_o come_v to_o the_o emperor_n and_o empere_n rock_n call_v the_o keisar_n and_o keiserine_n but_o as_o you_o must_v not_o press_v to_o near_o keisar_n lest_o you_o strike_v upon_o the_o rock_n which_o lie_v under_o water_n so_o great_a heed_n be_v to_o be_v take_v that_o you_o be_v not_o carry_v away_o with_o the_o tide_n or_o currente_n which_o common_o set_v in_o towards_o the_o keiserine_n upon_o the_o shall_v call_v the_o calf_n which_o stretch_v down_o from_o keiserine_n like_o a_o tongue_n and_o it_o be_v always_o there_o as_o a_o whirlpool_n and_o very_o tempestuous_a the_o race_n of_o fonteneau_n lie_v out_o into_o the_o sea_n south_n southwest_n but_o bresont_n stretch_v into_o the_o sea_n west_n and_o by_o south_n four_o dutch_a league_n from_o s._n matthewes_n the_o mark_n to_o cross_v the_o race_n from_o s._n mathewes_n to_o the_o keyser_n be_v the_o mill_n of_o fenestrier_n stand_v direct_o westward_o off_o s._n matthewes_n abbey_n but_o if_o you_o will_v sail_v to_o croixduyn_n from_o s._n matthewes_n point_n hold_v on_o east_n and_o by_o south_n so_o that_o you_o keep_v still_o the_o southermost_a part_n of_o the_o rock_n call_v the_o cheminees_n without_o blancs_n moine_n until_o you_o get_v the_o bay_n of_o crodune_n and_o the_o chapel_n appear_v on_o the_o gravel_o shore_n towards_o which_o chapel_n you_o may_v safe_o bear_v and_o there_o anchor_n in_o 9_o or_o 10._o fathom_n over_o against_o crodun_fw-la by_o the_o north_n shore_n lie_v bertrandes-bay_n be_v a_o very_a good_a harbour_n for_o a_o north_n and_o northwest_n wind_n but_o he_o which_o will_v go_v up_o to_o breast_n or_o landerneau_n must_v get_v good_a pilot_n for_o it_o be_v all_o sound_a water_n the_o collignier_n bear_v south_n southeast_n about_o a_o league_n &_o a_o half_a from_o s._n matthewes_n point_n the_o faukenes_n lie_v off_o from_o the_o west_n point_n of_o crodun_fw-la about_o the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o league_n west_n south-west_n the_o southermost_a faukenes_n stand_v from_o the_o northermost_a about_o half_a a_o league_n south_n southeast_n and_o be_v under-water_n at_o a_o high_a springtide_n a_o cable_n length_n off_o north_n north-east_n lie_v a_o blind_a rock_n which_o at_o low_a ebb_n be_v even_o with_o the_o water_n this_o south_n faukenes_n bear_v north-east_n and_o by_o north_n from_o crodun_fw-la there_o be_v also_o another_o hide_a rock_n westward_n from_o the_o north-east_n faukenes_n which_o appear_v at_o low_a water_n the_o rock_n call_v the_o hen_n lie_v distant_a from_o faukenes_n west_n south-west_n two_o cable_n length_n there_o be_v another_o call_v the_o chicken_n almost_o northwest_n and_o by_o west_n from_o the_o hen_n be_v two_o sharp_a rock_n which_o at_o a_o great_a ebb_n be_v either_o even_a or_o little_a above_o the_o water_n there_o lie_v also_o a_o rock_n east_n and_o by_o south_n from_o s._n matthewes_n point_n lie_a in_o the_o midst_n of_o bertrandes-bay_n by_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o water_n of_o breast_n and_o these_o be_v his_o mark_n viz._n when_o the_o southermost_a of_o the_o rock_n call_v cheminees_n be_v one_o with_o s._n matthewes_n point_n than_o you_o strike_v upon_o this_o rock_n but_o if_o it_o appear_v a_o little_a without_o than_o you_o go_v clear_a west_n penmarques_n be_v a_o bard_n haven_n which_o be_v to_o be_v enter_v on_o the_o east-side_n along_o the_o shore_n and_o leave_v the_o great_a rock_n on_o the_o starre-boord_n side_n which_o be_v once_o past_a you_o may_v anchor_n at_o three_o fathom_n water_n for_o as_o you_o come_v in_o without_o the_o rock_n you_o have_v 8._o or_o 9_o fathom_n you_o may_v also_o sail_v within_o the_o east_n penmarques_n for_o the_o main_n be_v sandy_a strande_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n in_o 10._o or_o 12._o fathom_n very_o safe_o near_o unto_o the_o isle_n of_o morton_n for_o there_o be_v fair_a ground_n the_o sea_n card_n of_n britain_n contain_v the_o coast_n bay_n isle_n and_o haven_n that_o lie_v between_o rouscou_n and_o groye_n very_o diligent_o correct_v annus_n 1588._o a_o exact_a description_n of_o the_o south_n coast_n of_o britain_n between_o blavet_fw-la and_o picquely_a wherein_o be_v also_o contain_v belisle_n and_o groy_n to_o sail_n into_o blavet_fw-la when_o you_o have_v the_o east_n point_n of_o the_o island_n call_v groy_n south_n and_o by_o west_n then_o be_v you_o come_v to_o the_o entry_n thereof_o which_o stretch_v inwards_o north_n north-east_n where_o be_v a_o very_a safe_a harbour_n for_o any_o wind_n or_o wether_n at_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n water_n in_o the_o entry_n you_o have_v 4._o fathom_n water_n but_o there_o lie_v some_o shoald_n which_o you_o must_v shun_v on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o entry_n stand_v a_o great_a sharp_a steeple_n there_o be_v also_o under_o groy_n good_a ground_n for_o anker_a 7._o or_o 8._o fathom_n deep_a and_o safe_a harbour_n for_o a_o south-west_n wind_n but_o beware_v of_o the_o southeast_n shore_n for_o it_o be_v rocky_a ground_n but_o if_o you_o will_v harbour_v under_o belisle_n you_o may_v go_v in_o on_o both_o side_n all_o at_o large_a where_o you_o may_v let_v fall_v your_o anchor_n at_o 10._o or_o 12._o fathom_n water_n by_o s._n paul_n spire_n steeple_n but_o at_o a_o north-east_n or_o north_n northwest_n wind_n you_o must_v way_n and_o ply_v up_o to_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o island_n where_o before_o s._n helen_n you_o have_v safe_a road_n at_o 10._o fathom_n but_o if_o the_o wind_n come_v above_o at_o south_n or_o south_n southeast_n return_v then_o before_o the_o foresay_a steeple_n of_o s._n paul_n there_o lie_v 3._o island_n about_o a_o league_n and_o half_a from_o belisle_n the_o midst_n whereof_o have_v safe_a harbour_n you_o may_v sail_v betwixt_o they_o from_o island_n to_o island_n &_o in_o some_o place_n find_v good_a ride_v about_o two_o league_n thence_o lie_v the_o main_a land_n where_o be_v 2._o great_a bay_n or_o river_n from_o whence_o you_o may_v betwixt_o the_o main_a and_o the_o foresay_a island_n within_o belisle_n sail_n to_o croyswicke_n or_o croisill_n and_o the_o river_n of_o nantes_n call_v the_o loire_n croyswicke_n lie_v from_o belisle_n about_o 8._o dutch_a league_n east_n and_o by_o north_n and_o east_n north-east_n and_o from_o croyswicke_n to_o the_o river_n of_o loire_n it_o be_v about_o 3._o league_n he_o which_o will_v go_v up_o that_o river_n let_v he_o run_v along_o the_o shore_n of_o croyswicke_n 3._o cable_n length_n off_o to_o the_o pierce_a rock_n which_o he_o may_v look_v through_o like_o a_o great_a gate_n from_o thence_o let_v he_o keep_v still_o two_o cable_n length_n off_o the_o northern_a shore_n straight_o to_o the_o point_n whereon_o stand_v a_o sharp_a steeple_n until_o he_o be_v within_o the_o rock_n call_v les_fw-fr pourceaux_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o river_n betwixt_o the_o pierce_a rock_n and_o the_o steeple_n but_o when_o he_o be_v past_a s._n nazarethe_n steeple_n he_o may_v anchor_n in_o the_o channel_n at_o 10._o or_o 12._o fathom_n where_o he_o must_v take_v in_o a_o pilotte_n to_o lead_v he_o up_o the_o loire_n unto_o nantes_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o plummet_n there_o lie_v bank_n to_o the_o seaward_o a_o league_n and_o
the_o channel_n unto_o the_o island_n roxo_fw-la and_o there_o anchor_n where_o you_o please_v but_o on_o the_o southside_n be_v 2._o or_o 3._o bay_n where_o be_v good_a anchor_n hold_v if_o you_o will_v go_v to_o puente_n vedra_n set_v in_o on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o isle_n blidedones_n which_o be_v a_o very_a flat_a land_n lie_v in_o length_n east_n north_n east_n about_o two_o dutch_a league_n then_o shall_v you_o come_v to_o a_o little_a island_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o haven_n which_o you_o shall_v leave_v on_o the_o larboorde_n to_o the_o southward_n of_o it_o you_o may_v perceive_v a_o tower_n on_o the_o main_n land_n before_o which_o you_o must_v sail_v and_o anchor_n at_o 7._o or_o 8._o fathom_n four_o dutch_a league_n from_o puente_n vedra_fw-mi lie_v the_o island_n of_o bayon_n which_o to_o such_o as_o come_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n show_v like_o gray_a rock_n or_o cliff_n if_o you_o will_v go_v in_o at_o the_o north-side_n your_o course_n lie_v in_o mid_n water_n between_o these_o island_n and_o the_o main_n land_n until_o the_o channel_n of_o cannae_n or_o cangas_n and_o vigo_n be_v open_v unto_o you_o then_o go_v eastward_o in_o the_o haven_n be_v fair_a and_o large_a you_o may_v ride_v on_o both_o side_n either_o before_o vigo_n or_o cangas_n and_o may_v likewise_o go_v far_o in_o beyond_o the_o south_n point_n to_o rondello_n where_o both_o ship_n and_o lade_n may_v be_v self_n in_o the_o oase_n without_o cable_n or_o anchor_n but_o if_o you_o will_v sail_v in_o by_o the_o south_n island_n of_o bayone_n your_o course_n lie_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n between_o the_o say_a island_n and_o the_o main_n land_n until_o you_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o point_n of_o bayon_n then_o set_v towards_o the_o east_n point_n of_o boyon_n whereupon_o stand_v a_o castle_n afterward_o turn_v southwarde_o behind_o the_o castle_n to_o the_o city_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n at_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n you_o may_v also_o cross_v over_o thence_o to_o vigo_n betwixt_o the_o point_n and_o the_o island_n or_o rock_n that_o lie_v in_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o haven_n at_o 3._o or_o 4._o fathom_n but_o if_o you_o will_v sail_v from_o the_o southermost_a island_n to_o vigo_n or_o cangas_n hold_v on_o two_o league_n north-east_n until_o you_o may_v see_v through_o between_o the_o main_n and_o the_o north_n island_n and_o that_o the_o city_n of_o cangas_n appear_v without_o the_o corner_n which_o be_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o haven_n then_o arise_v a_o low_a point_n on_o the_o starboard_n side_n hold_v on_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n between_o the_o say_a point_n &_o the_o north_n land_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n in_o what_o place_n you_o please_v both_o on_o the_o southside_n before_o vigo_n and_o on_o the_o north_n side_n before_o cangas_n in_o 12._o or_o 13._o fathom_n these_o country_n and_o port_n yield_v great_a abundance_n of_o orange_n chestnut_n and_o very_o small_a wine_n and_o thither_o be_v carry_v great_a quantity_n of_o corn_n to_o the_o great_a benefit_n and_o behoof_n of_o many_o merchant_n and_o mariner_n a_o description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o galicia_n beginning_n from_o cap_n de_fw-fr finisterre_fw-fr unto_o camino_n donne_n according_a unto_o the_o true_a situation_n &_o appear_v thereof_o *_o 1588._o *_o a_o perfect_n description_n of_o the_o sea_n cost_v of_o the_o north_n part_n of_o portugal_n viz._n from_o viana_n to_o cape_n de_fw-fr montego_n about_o three_o dutch_a league_n to_o the_o southward_n of_o bayone_n stand_v a_o monastery_n upon_o the_o strand_n five_o dutch_a league_n from_o hence_o be_v the_o river_n of_o viana_n call_v rio_n de_fw-fr lymas_n at_o the_o entry_n whereof_o lie_v a_o notable_a ledge_n of_o rock_n that_o you_o may_v go_v clear_a of_o the_o same_o hold_v on_o still_o southward_o until_o the_o two_o fire_n or_o watch_v tower_n which_o stand_v upon_o south-land_n be_v bring_v in_o one_o for_o by_o these_o mark_n you_o may_v hale_v along_o the_o shore_n in_o 4._o or_o 5._o fathom_n until_o the_o two_o house_n and_o the_o little_a steeple_n which_o you_o see_v upon_o the_o northside_n of_o the_o land_n be_v bring_v together_o then_o hold_v on_o so_o alonge_v the_o shore_n on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o rock_n whereon_o stand_v a_o mast_n until_o the_o river_n lie_v open_a before_o you_o then_o sail_v inward_o on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o second_o rock_n whereon_o also_o stand_v a_o mast_n then_o cross_v up_o northward_o to_o viana_n anchor_n at_o 7._o or_o 8._o fathom_n in_o the_o very_a entry_n lie_v a_o bar_n whereon_o be_v two_o fathom_n water_n five_o dutch_a league_n south_n of_o viana_n stand_v villa_n del_o conde_n and_o at_o the_o entry_n of_o that_o haven_n be_v many_o rock_n round_o about_o which_o you_o may_v safe_o pass_v in_o 5._o or_o 6._o fathom_n depth_n farther_o inward_a lie_v a_o bar_n or_o a_o shall_v thwart_v all_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o haven_n and_o have_v 2._o fathom_n water_n the_o deep_a place_n in_o all_o the_o haven_n be_v not_o above_o 3._o or_o 4._o fathom_n but_o the_o best_a depth_n be_v to_o the_o southward_n it_o be_v a_o bard_n haven_n and_o in_o the_o north_n part_n full_a of_o rock_n and_o sand_n three_o league_n southward_o of_o villa_n del_fw-it conde_n lie_v the_o great_a high_a rock_n of_o leson_n half_a a_o league_n to_o the_o northward_o of_o the_o river_n of_o port_n de_fw-fr port_n call_v rio_n duero_n betwixt_o which_o rock_n and_o the_o main_n you_o may_v sail_v in_o on_o both_o side_n and_o there_o ride_v at_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n for_o the_o ground_n be_v very_o good_a for_o anker_a there_o lie_v a_o rock_n under_o water_n half_o a_o league_n southwest_n of_o the_o west_n corner_n of_o the_o say_a rock_n the_o port_n of_o metellyn_n lie_v within_o the_o foresay_a high_a rock_n be_v a_o bard_n haven_n of_o 2._o fathom_n a_o league_n southward_o of_o lesons_n rock_n lie_v the_o river_n port_n de_fw-fr port._n into_o which_o you_o must_v hale_v on_o the_o northside_n keep_v all_o the_o rock_n northward_o of_o the_o river_n and_o sail_v along_o the_o south_n shore_n east_n and_o by_o north_n until_o you_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o rock_n whereon_o stand_v a_o cross_n then_o fare_v you_o forward_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o river_n to_o the_o city_n port_n the_o port_n inward_n it_o be_v 10._o or_o 12._o fathom_n but_o the_o entry_n be_v only_o 3._o or_o 4._o fathom_n deep_a at_o half_a flood_n you_o may_v enter_v likewise_o on_o the_o south_n side_n along_o the_o shore_n where_o at_o high_a water_n there_o be_v 3._o fathom_n from_o port_n the_o port_n to_o aueiro_n be_v 8._o league_n all_o the_o coast_n alongst_o the_o shore_n be_v down_n about_o the_o mouth_n of_o aueiro_n be_v ragged_a down_n and_o may_v hale_v along_o the_o strand_n at_o 10._o or_o 12._o fathom_n when_o the_o high_a black_a hill_n within_o the_o land_n bear_v east_n and_o by_o south_n from_o you_o then_o be_v you_o in_o the_o entry_n and_o right_n before_o aueiro_n river_n when_o you_o be_v come_v in_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n water_n you_o shall_v see_v three_o mast_n stand_v upon_o the_o shore_n which_o you_o must_v keep_v together_o bear_v inwards_o east_n and_o by_o south_n and_o east_n south_n east_n until_o you_o come_v near_o the_o shore_n where_o these_o mast_n stand_v by_o the_o sand_n bank_n then_o set_v northward_o and_o hold_v on_o near_o the_o north_n shore_n leave_v all_o the_o flatte_n on_o the_o starreboord_n until_o you_o have_v the_o river_n open_a before_o you_o then_o turn_v in_o again_o east_n south_n east_n up_o to_o aueiro_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n between_o both_o the_o coast_n at_o the_o entrance_n upon_o the_o shall_v at_o half_a flood_n you_o have_v but_o 2._o fathom_n until_o you_o be_v within_o it_o where_o you_o have_v 5._o or_o 6._o fathom_n depth_n five_o dutch_a league_n southward_o of_o aueiro_n bear_v the_o cape_n de_fw-fr montego_n and_o a_o eague_n to_o the_o southward_n of_o that_o cape_n lie_v the_o bard_n haven_n pisage_n half_o a_o league_n to_o the_o westward_a from_o thence_o in_o the_o sea_n lie_v a_o bank_n contain_v 6._o fathom_n water_n under_o which_o you_o may_v ride_v at_o 12._o or_o 13._o fathom_n under_o the_o burlynge_v which_o be_v portray_v in_o the_o next_o table_n you_o may_v cast_v anchor_n at_o 10._o fathom_n right_a against_o the_o hermitage_n where_o you_o have_v very_o fair_a ground_n these_o country_n yield_v store_n of_o wine_n orange_n oil_n and_o olive_n and_o much_o good_a salt_n be_v carry_v from_o aueiro_n but_o the_o city_n of_o port_n de_fw-fr port_n be_v the_o chief_a town_n of_o traffic_n in_o all_o these_o
coast_n the_o sea_n coast_n of_o portugal_n between_o camino_n &_o montego_n even_o as_o the_o country_n there_o abouts_o be_v lie_v and_o situate_v with_o all_o the_o haven_n thereof_o exact_o do_v and_o corect_v with_o great_a diligence_n a_o perfect_n description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o the_o most_o notable_a part_n of_o portugal_n viz._n from_o the_o burlinge_n to_o beyond_o saint_n vue_v the_o cape_n of_o roxent_n bear_v 12._o league_n south_n and_o by_o east_n and_o south_n southeast_n from_o the_o burling_n about_o a_o league_n to_o the_o eastward_o of_o roxent_n lie_v the_o road_n call_v cascal_n where_o against_o a_o north_n wind_n you_o may_v anchor_n at_o 10._o or_o 12._o fathom_n if_o you_o will_v from_o cascal_n into_o the_o river_n of_o lysbone_n hale_v along_o the_o north_n shore_n bear_v a_o loof_o from_o the_o first_o black_a point_n about_o a_o cable_n length_n then_o go_v towards_o s._n gyles_n point_n a_o quarter_n of_o a_o cable_n length_n of_o it_o but_o take_v heed_n you_o enter_v not_o in_o a_o calm_a and_o a_o low_a ebb_n because_o the_o tide_n set_v strong_o upon_o the_o northern_a shoalde_v call_v the_o north_n malechopos_n or_o katchupps_n when_o you_o be_v within_o s._n gyles_n bear_v alonge_v the_o north_n shore_n until_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o castle_n call_v restier_n or_o rastel_n and_o anchor_n at_o 12._o or_o 13._o fathom_n before_o the_o town_n call_v bolin_n but_o if_o you_o will_v sail_v in_o the_o channel_n call_v the_o craeck_n deep_a or_o great_a deep_a of_o lisbon_n set_v the_o west_n point_n of_o roxent_n right_a against_o cascals_a until_o the_o abbey_n which_o stand_v upon_o the_o hill_n westward_o of_o restier_n answer_v to_o the_o little_a tower_n which_o bear_v northwards_o upon_o the_o land_n then_o go_v so_o towards_o the_o abbey_n of_o s._n katherynes_n almost_o north-east_n and_o north-east_n and_o by_o east_n until_o on_o your_o larbord_n side_n you_o have_v two_o three_o part_n of_o the_o river_n continue_v then_o your_o course_n towards_o restier_n until_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o castle_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n at_o your_o pleasure_n but_o if_o through_o the_o craicke_n deep_o you_o will_v turn_v in_o or_o out_o upon_o a_o board_n bring_v the_o say_v little_a tower_n two_o mast_n length_n westward_o and_o the_o like_a distance_n to_o the_o northward_a of_o the_o say_a abbey_n and_o every_o time_n when_o you_o have_v bring_v your_o mark_n after_o this_o sort_n turn_v the_o ship_n until_o you_o come_v to_o s._n katherynes_n bay_n but_o if_o you_o will_v set_v towards_o the_o bank_n of_o s._n vue_n or_o s._n toous_a keep_v the_o first_o point_n lie_v to_o the_o westward_a of_o zizembre_n a_o ship_n length_n without_o the_o point_n that_o bear_v eastward_o of_o it_o until_o you_o see_v a_o white_a house_n appear_v over_o against_o the_o castle_n that_o stand_v on_o the_o shore_n then_o may_v you_o discover_v the_o castle_n of_o palmedo_n in_o a_o great_a valley_n keep_v these_o mark_n after_o this_o manner_n and_o go_v north_n northeast_n and_o north-east_n and_o by_o north_n until_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o aforesaid_a castle_n on_o the_o shore_n and_o from_o thence_o hale_v along_o that_o shore_n at_o a_o cable_n length_n to_o s._n vues_n in_o the_o bank_n of_o s._n vues_n lie_n 7._o shoalde_n or_o bar_n which_o at_o full_a sea_n have_v 4._o fathom_n water_n on_o the_o southside_n these_o bank_n be_v dry_a and_o do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n show_v above_o water_n the_o entry_n along_o the_o south_n coast_n be_v only_o for_o bark_n and_o small_a vessel_n anchor_n near_o the_o city_n of_o s._n vue_v at_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n in_o this_o part_n of_o portugal_n be_v so_o great_a trade_n and_o variety_n of_o traffic_n that_o it_o be_v hardly_o to_o be_v match_v in_o all_o europe_n for_o there_o be_v great_a plenty_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o spice_n sugar_n silver_n gold_n wine_n oil_n salt_n ivory_n cochenille_o brasill_n and_o innumerable_a other_o kind_n of_o merchandise_n that_o be_v bring_v thither_o out_o of_o the_o indies_n and_o from_o thence_o transport_v and_o disperse_v throughout_o all_o europe_n the_o sea_n map_n of_o pâ—â—â—ugal_n wherein_o be_v situate_v the_o most_o famous_a marâ—_n town_n of_o lisbon_n &_o st_n vue_n with_o their_o river_n and_o coast_n as_o they_o show_v when_o you_o saiell_n up_o and_o down_o they_o a_o perfect_n description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o algarbe_n the_o southern_a part_n of_o portugal_n at_o the_o cape_n of_o s._n vincent_n you_o have_v self_n harborow_n for_o a_o north_n and_o northwest_o wind_n two_o league_n from_o lagos_n lie_v a_o great_a rock_n under_o water_n and_o a_o great_a league_n southward_o from_o villa_n nova_fw-la whether_o if_o you_o will_v go_v bring_v the_o tower_n and_o the_o mast_n stand_v upon_o the_o east_n land_n together_o and_o hold_v along_o the_o shore_n until_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o tower_n then_o bear_v in_o northward_o till_o you_o come_v before_o the_o city_n of_o villa_n nova_fw-la where_o on_o the_o south_n side_n you_o have_v a_o great_a dry_a bank_n at_o the_o entry_n or_o mouth_n be_v only_o 2._o fathom_n water_n at_o half_a flood_n and_o the_o north_n side_n be_v full_a of_o bank_n and_o shoalde_n about_o 6._o league_n eastward_o bear_v the_o city_n faraon_n where_o upon_o the_o shore_n stand_v a_o light_a tower_n from_o the_o corner_n whereof_o lie_v out_o a_o bank_n which_o you_o must_v avoid_v go_v in_o on_o the_o east_n side_n set_v the_o tower_n on_o the_o larbord_n &_o the_o shore_n of_o tavilas_n on_o the_o starrebord_n side_n four_o league_n northward_o of_o faraon_n lie_v tavilas_n the_o entrance_n be_v crooked_a and_o full_a of_o shoald_n which_o you_o must_v pass_v by_o observe_v the_o shore_n mark_n beacon_n and_o other_o sign_n before_o you_o may_v enter_v at_o half_a flood_n you_o have_v there_o not_o above_o 10._o or_o 12._o foot_n depth_n &_o every_o year_n the_o channel_n shift_v four_o league_n from_o thence_o northward_o lie_v aimont_n a_o good_a haven_n and_o you_o may_v bear_v right_a in_o from_o the_o sea_n or_o may_v enter_v by_o the_o eastside_n hear_v aboard_o the_o shore_n within_o it_o be_v wide_a and_o broad_a you_o may_v turn_v to_o castro-marin_n or_o aimont_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n at_o 5._o or_o 6._o fathom_n as_o you_o shall_v think_v best_a five_o league_n further_o eastward_o you_o have_v the_o channel_n of_o l'epe_n which_o do_v change_v almost_o every_o year_n two_o league_n eastward_o from_o thence_o lie_v the_o entry_n of_o s._n michael_n where_o you_o may_v come_v direct_o in_o from_o the_o sea_n &_o then_o from_o s._n michael_n with_o little_a bark_n you_o may_v pass_v the_o shoalde_n to_o l'epe_v or_o cartaya_n where_o you_o may_v take_v in_o the_o good_a bastard_n wine_n these_o haven_n do_v yield_v fig_n oil_n cork_n and_o wine_n there_o be_v also_o great_a store_n of_o fish_n take_v at_o lagos_n which_o be_v carry_v through_o the_o strait_n of_o gibraltar_n sell_v and_o distribute_v among_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o town_n of_o the_o levant_n a_o description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o the_o land_n of_o algarbe_n and_o a_o part_n of_o the_o condado_fw-es with_o their_o show_n &_o open_v a_o perfect_n description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n and_o havens_n of_o andaluzia_n saltee_n bear_v 4._o league_n eastward_o from_o s._n michael_n you_o may_v sail_v by_o it_o to_o the_o great_a condado_fw-es and_o may_v go_v in_o by_o the_o west_n entrance_n and_o keep_v guelua_n which_o we_o call_v the_o vuoolfe_n over_o the_o eastern_a point_n of_o the_o haven_n bear_v inwards_o to_o saltees_n but_o if_o you_o will_v enter_v by_o the_o land_n side_n then_o must_v you_o bear_v in_o with_o the_o west_n end_n of_o the_o white_a cliff_n hale_v then_o a_o cable_n length_n off_o alonge_v the_o shore_n by_o the_o great_a tree_n that_o stand_v westward_o of_o the_o cliff_n keep_n still_o the_o point_n of_o the_o haven_n right_o over_o against_o the_o tower_n of_o odier_n until_o you_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o island_n then_o set_v northward_o to_o palos_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n at_o 5._o or_o 6._o fathom_n saltees_n lie_v 8._o league_n from_o chipiona_n southeast_n you_o may_v here_o enter_v the_o river_n of_o s._n lucar_n de_fw-fr barrameda_n call_v guadalguevir_n two_o cable_n length_n from_o the_o shore_n and_o when_o you_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o second_o shoalde_v give_v it_o a_o birth_n of_o the_o south_n shore_n until_o the_o abbey_n and_o the_o great_a tree_n be_v one_o then_o hold_v on_o to_o s._n lucyfer_n church_n common_o call_v s._n lucar_n de_fw-fr barrameda_n to_o get_v the_o true_a depth_n and_o channel_n of_o the_o river_n set_v the_o say_v great_a tree_n right_a over_o the_o east-end_n
of_o the_o abbey_n and_o so_o may_v you_o enter_v or_o go_v forth_o but_o when_o chipiona_n bear_v south_n southwest_n from_o you_o and_o the_o castle_n and_o tower_n be_v one_o then_o be_v you_o near_o the_o first_o blind_a rock_n or_o shoalde_a the_o mark_n of_o the_o rock_n that_o lie_v in_o the_o entrance_n of_o s._n lucre_n channel_n be_v when_o the_o windmill_n and_o the_o white_a friary_n be_v bring_v together_o on_o the_o east-side_n of_o s._n lucar_n for_o than_o shall_v you_o by_o sail_v forwards_o strike_v upon_o the_o rock_n wherefore_o keep_v the_o windmill_n five_o foot_n distant_a northward_o of_o the_o abbey_n and_o then_o shall_v you_o enter_v in_o the_o best_a of_o the_o channel_n which_o at_o half_a tide_n be_v 4._o fathom_n deep_a within_o it_o be_v wide_a and_o broad_a anchor_n there_o at_o 10._o or_o 12._o fathom_n before_o the_o little_a church_n which_o stand_v on_o the_o north_n shore_n calis-malis_a lie_v southeast_n from_o chipiona_n 7._o league_n there_o have_v you_o the_o entry_n wide_a &_o broad_a you_o may_v sail_v in_o about_o two_o cable_n length_n of_o the_o puercos_n which_o lie_v about_o half_a a_o league_n from_o the_o north_n corner_n of_o calis_n about_o a_o great_a half_a league_n north-east_n and_o by_o north_n from_o thence_o lie_v a_o rock_n under_o water_n call_v the_o diamant_n then_o appear_v s._n maryes_fw-mi little_a church_n between_o two_o great_a high_a hill_n if_o you_o will_v go_v far_o in_o than_o calis_n hold_v on_o southeast_n beyond_o puntall_a where_o be_v good_a harbour_n for_o all_o wind_n calis_n bay_n be_v wide_a and_o broad_a and_o of_o 15._o or_o 16._o fathom_n depth_n a_o northwest_n wind_n beat_v full_a upon_o it_o from_o calis_n to_o the_o straight_a of_o gibraltar_n you_o have_v eight_o league_n and_o three_o league_n thence_o to_o the_o haven_n or_o road_n of_o gibraltar_n which_o be_v a_o very_a fair_a bay_n and_o be_v able_a to_o contain_v many_o ship_n about_o the_o point_n of_o tariffa_n or_o the_o straight_a half_o a_o league_n from_o land_n lie_v a_o shoalde_a no_o deep_o than_o 1½_n fathom_n which_o you_o must_v be_v heedful_a to_o avoid_v these_o country_n bring_v forth_o all_o kind_n of_o the_o best_a wine_n fruit_n and_o other_o merchandise_n as_o secke_v bastard_n and_o romany_n fig_n reasins_z oil_n olive_n pomegranate_n cithaeron_n or_o orange_n sugar_n skin_n of_o india_n and_o great_a plenty_n of_o the_o best_a salt_n the_o sea_n coast_n of_o andaluzia_n make_v according_a unto_o the_o right_a situation_n thereof_o even_a as_o they_o appear_v &_o open_v with_o their_o river_n and_o haven_n a_o declaration_n of_o the_o sea_n chartley_n from_z the_o farthest_n part_n of_o england_n to_o plymouth_n if_o come_v out_o of_o the_o east_n you_o be_v bind_v with_o the_o sorlinge_n shape_n your_o course_n in_o by_o the_o eastern_a shore_n at_o 8._o or_o 9_o fathom_n there_o be_v a_o bulwark_n or_o sconce_n before_o the_o castle_n and_o thence_o off_o a_o little_a way_n lie_v a_o rock_n under_o water_n you_o may_v sail_v betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o bulwark_n on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o haven_n be_v two_o rock_n keep_v they_o in_o one_o and_o go_v near_o the_o north_n shore_n so_o shall_v you_o safe_o sail_v without_o the_o point_n in_o 10._o fathom_n but_o take_v heed_n you_o come_v no_o near_o to_o go_v clear_a of_o the_o rock_n that_o lie_v in_o the_o entrance_n set_v the_o northern_a rock_n northward_o of_o the_o other_o rock_n so_o much_o as_o you_o may_v see_v through_o they_o and_o then_o be_v you_o on_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o rock_n that_o lie_v in_o the_o entry_n and_o when_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o rock_n that_o be_v above_o water_n turn_v northward_o near_o the_o castle_n and_o anchor_n at_o 8._o or_o 9_o fathom_n if_o you_o will_v go_v from_o the_o lysarde_n to_o monsbay_n hold_v on_o west_n northwest_o until_o you_o see_v the_o castle_n in_o monsbay_n upon_o a_o high_a round_a rock_n then_o bear_v into_o the_o bay_n right_a on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o castle_n until_o you_o discern_v a_o little_a island_n nigh_o the_o west_n coast_n whereupon_o be_v two_o sharp_a steeple_n like_v unto_o watchtower_n or_o beakon_v and_o go_v so_o into_o the_o bay_n nigh_o to_o that_o island_n or_o rock_n for_o there_o alonge_v it_o be_v clear_a leave_v the_o castle_n a_o good_a way_n on_o your_o starrebord_n side_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o rock_n adjoin_v when_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o island_n you_o shall_v see_v a_o great_a sandy_a bay_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n in_o 7._o or_o 8._o fathom_n but_o the_o best_a of_o the_o road_n against_o a_o south_n &_o south_n southeast_n wind_n be_v at_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathan_fw-ge if_o you_o will_v sail_v to_o fallmouth_n hale_v inwards_o alonge_v the_o eastern_a shore_n two_o cable_n off_o that_o you_o may_v be_v clear_a of_o the_o blind_a rock_n that_o lie_v in_o the_o entry_n beyond_o the_o haven_n stand_v a_o high_a wood_n which_o you_o must_v keep_v beyond_o the_o northern_a point_n of_o the_o west_n land_n by_o that_o wood_n be_v two_o chalky_a mark_n which_o you_o must_v likewise_o keep_v above_o the_o say_a point_n then_o bear_v towards_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o high_a west_n land_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n at_o 15._o fathom_n at_o the_o northern_a point_n of_o the_o high_a land_n but_o if_o you_o will_v run_v far_o in_o ply_v eastward_o towards_o the_o bay_n and_o when_o you_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o shall_v which_o reach_v down_o from_o the_o eastern_a tower_n inward_o towards_o the_o midst_n along_o the_o haven_n there_o anchor_n within_o the_o bank_n near_o the_o east_n land_n at_o 8._o or_o 10._o fathom_n foy_n stand_v also_o in_o a_o great_a bay_n be_v a_o bard_n haven_n where_o on_o each_o side_n stand_v a_o tower_n bear_v in_o between_o both_o shore_n but_o on_o the_o westside_n the_o water_n be_v broad_a between_o the_o stake_n and_o the_o tower_n which_o stand_v on_o the_o west_n coast_n but_o if_o you_o will_v hale_v in_o along_o the_o west_n shore_n within_o the_o stake_n bear_v a_o little_a off_o from_o the_o land_n hold_v about_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n but_o near_a to_o the_o westward_o until_o you_o come_v before_o the_o town_n where_o at_o full_a sea_n you_o have_v depth_n enough_o here_o be_v no_o great_a trade_n or_o traffic_n but_o for_o broad_a clothes_n kersey_n and_o tin_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n live_v upon_o graze_v &_o ship_v the_o sea_n coast_n of_o england_n from_o the_o sorlinge_n by_o the_o land_n end_v to_o plymouth_n with_o the_o haven_n and_o harbrowghe_v a_o perfect_n description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o england_n between_o plymouth_n and_o portland_n if_o you_o will_v sail_v into_o the_o sound_n of_o plymouth_n and_o go_v clear_a of_o the_o rock_n bear_v alongst_o hard_a by_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o island_n where_o it_o be_v 5._o fathom_n deep_a at_o high_a water_n until_o you_o see_v the_o church_n of_o lymehouse_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o valley_n for_o then_o be_v you_o clear_a of_o the_o rock_n behind_o that_o island_n and_o upon_o the_o main_a land_n of_o plymouth_n stand_v a_o wall_n which_o if_o you_o do_v heedeful_o mark_v and_o lymehouse_n church_n appear_v on_o the_o north_n head_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a valley_n then_o shall_v you_o run_v right_a upon_o the_o rock_n where_o you_o have_v but_o 3._o fathom_n at_o low_a water_n yet_o behind_o the_o island_n you_o may_v anchor_n in_o .12_o or_o 13._o fathom_n but_o if_o you_o will_v forward_o into_o the_o west_n harbour_n set_v westward_o between_o the_o island_n &_o the_o main_n land_n until_o you_o have_v open_v the_o west_n harbour_n haven_n then_o hold_v on_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n between_o both_o land_n until_o you_o be_v within_o the_o west_n point_n where_o you_o may_v cast_v anchor_n at_o 9_o or_o 10._o fathom_n when_o you_o will_v sail_v from_o the_o cape_n call_v ramhead_n into_o catwater_n then_o ply_v towards_o plymouth_n point_n until_o catwater_n lie_v open_a before_o you_o leave_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o water_n on_o your_o starborde_n side_n and_o so_o sail_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n right_v against_o the_o northland_n in_o 4._o or_o 5._o fathom_n at_o a_o dead_a low_a water_n and_o you_o may_v anchor_n also_o on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o entry_n under_o the_o cape_n of_o ramhead_n northward_o thereof_o by_o the_o shore_n in_o 10._o fathom_n water_n for_o there_o be_v clear_a ground_n if_o your_o course_n lie_v to_o dartmouth_n you_o shall_v discern_v a_o red_a point_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o haven_n and_o a_o black_a point_n at_o the_o water_n side_n in_o the_o
from_o farder_n and_o from_o thence_o shape_v your_o course_n to_o anslo_n coperwicke_n and_o soen_n water_n and_o so_o forwards_o through_o the_o rock_n call_v lammeren_n to_o braekenes_n which_o be_v a_o shallow_a river_n towards_o the_o side_n where_o most_o part_n of_o the_o fir_n board_n and_o timber_n be_v saw_v rogh_n point_n lie_v four_o league_n north_n north-east_n from_o farder_n the_o rock_n call_v the_o sister_n be_v 3._o league_n northeast_n and_o by_o north_n from_o farder_n the_o isle_n of_o akersounde_a be_v distant_a from_o thence_o 5._o league_n to_o the_o north-east_n in_o these_o part_n lie_v the_o haven_n of_o the_o north-east_n country_n where_o now_o a_o day_n be_v the_o chief_a take_v of_o herring_n which_o be_v wont_v to_o be_v in_o malstrande_fw-fr from_o all_o these_o haven_n come_v deal_v board_n great_a and_o little_a mast_n rail_n rafter_n timber_n to_o make_v hoop_n fire_n wood_n and_o such_o like_a stuff_n fit_a for_o building_n the_o sea_n coast_n of_o norway_n and_o of_o the_o land_n of_o north-east_n as_o they_o show_v and_o appear_v between_o mardou_n and_o akersond_n according_a unto_o their_o right_a situation_n a_o exact_a description_n of_o the_o north-east_n country_n where_o malstrande_n be_v the_o chief_a porte_fw-fr if_o you_o will_v sail_v from_o the_o cape_n call_v schagen_n or_o scaw_n to_o masterlande_n shape_n your_o course_n east_n north_n east_n till_o you_o may_v discover_v a_o high_a round_a rock_n or_o hill_n call_v bretto_n towards_o which_o you_o must_v bear_v east_n north_n east_n till_o the_o rock_n call_v the_o pater_n noster_n be_v in_o sight_n which_o you_o shall_v leave_v on_o your_o larbord_v and_o when_o you_o shall_v be_v nigh_o the_o shore_n the_o entry_n of_o masterland_n will_v be_v open_a before_o you_o on_o your_o south_n side_n li_v eastward_o and_o east_n south_n eastwardes_o and_o leave_v the_o island_n wherein_o stand_v a_o beacon_n or_o warlocke_n on_o your_o starbord_v but_o when_o you_o come_v to_o the_o point_n than_o the_o city_n lie_v open_a before_o you_o make_v fast_o a_o cable_n to_o the_o key_n and_o cast_v anchor_n to_o the_o seawards_n you_o may_v sail_v out_o again_o southward_o into_o the_o main_n two_o or_o three_o way_n if_o you_o will_v bear_v in_o with_o calfsounde_a enter_v hear_v aboard_o the_o great_a rock_n whereon_o stand_v a_o high_a warlocke_n you_o may_v by_o hold_v on_o the_o same_o course_n sail_n into_o coyhell_n and_o bahuys_n you_o may_v also_o set_v forwards_o to_o the_o river_n of_o nilue_n call_v window_n between_o the_o rock_n where_o on_o the_o east_n side_n you_o have_v the_o main_n and_o the_o channel_n lie_v open_a before_o you_o right_o before_o the_o river_n lie_v a_o ragged_a island_n which_o you_o must_v leave_v on_o the_o larborde_n you_o may_v anchor_n under_o the_o same_o in_o 15._o or_o 16._o fathom_n the_o haven_n be_v call_v reefsounde_a two_o league_n eastward_o of_o reefsounde_a lie_v the_o island_n malesounde_v which_o you_o may_v sail_v round_o about_o consbaeke_n lie_v from_o thence_o two_o league_n to_o the_o east_n north_n eastward_o monstersounde_a stand_v also_o on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o haven_n and_o from_o thence_o waersberghe_n lie_v 3._o league_n to_o the_o southward_n if_o you_o will_v sail_v to_o waersberghe_v bring_v the_o castle_n which_o stand_v in_o the_o main_n land_n south_n of_o you_o and_o hold_v on_o through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n between_o the_o island_n and_o the_o eastern_a shore_n but_o edge_n near_o the_o island_n because_o of_o the_o rock_n underwater_fw-mi that_o stretch_v out_o from_o the_o eastern_a point_n there_o be_v also_o a_o blind_a rock_n at_o the_o point_n of_o the_o island_n when_o you_o be_v clear_a thereof_o you_o may_v borrow_v of_o the_o northern_a shore_n and_o there_o come_v to_o anchor_n for_o it_o be_v broad_a and_o 4._o or_o 5._o fathom_n deep_a parte_fw-la of_o these_o coast_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o government_n of_o the_o king_n of_o swedeland_n and_o part_n to_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n their_o traffic_n be_v all_o sort_n of_o tallow_n and_o such_o gross_a ware_n skine_n hides_n barley_n and_o great_a store_n of_o filberd-nutte_n a_o most_o perfect_n description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o the_o north_n east_n land_n part_n of_o norway_n part_n of_o swedeland_n as_o it_o lie_v between_o distelbergh_n and_o waersbergh_n a_o perfect_n description_n of_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o denmarke_n where_o stand_v the_o famous_a city_n of_o capen-haven_n the_o chief_a place_n of_o the_o king_n residence_n north-east_n and_o by_o north_n of_o coll_n lie_v a_o island_n call_v swedero_n which_o be_v like_o a_o haven_n on_o the_o inside_n but_o it_o be_v open_a on_o the_o north-side_n if_o you_o can_v go_v clear_a of_o coll_n bear_v bold_o with_o the_o say_a island_n &_o hold_v on_o straight_o within_o the_o great_a rock_n near_o the_o church_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n in_o 10._o fathom_n and_o ride_v safe_o from_o anholte_n set_v south_n southeast_n towards_o zealande_n and_o if_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o wind_n hang_v easterly_a you_o can_v get_v into_o the_o sound_n hale_v alongst_o the_o coast_n of_o zealand_n on_o the_o backside_n of_o haselin_n where_o be_v good_a ground_n in_o every_o place_n for_o anker_a there_o be_v also_o a_o great_a bay_n which_o be_v a_o good_a harbour_n overright_a alongst_o the_o coast_n of_o zealand_n for_o a_o north-east_n wind_n where_o be_v 5._o or_o 6._o fathom_n water_n to_o sail_v into_o the_o sound_n hold_v southeasterly_a in_o from_o coll_n but_o bring_v not_o the_o isle_n of_o ween_n open_a of_o elsenoer_n castle_n till_o you_o be_v clear_a of_o swynebode_v then_o may_v you_o pass_v by_o lappesande_n through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n and_o be_v past_o the_o castle_n anchor_n where_o you_o listen_v towards_o ween_n be_v certain_a place_n where_o be_v good_a ride_v in_o 7._o fathom_n water_n but_o it_o lie_v far_o from_o the_o shore_n if_o you_o sail_v from_o the_o sound_n to_o coppen_n haven_n be_v come_v to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o wood_n you_o may_v sound_v the_o whole_a channel_n as_o you_o go_v upon_o 5._o or_o 6._o fathom_n and_o not_o fail_v to_o find_v the_o buy_v but_o keep_v still_o in_o 5._o fathom_n when_o the_o tower_n of_o coppen_n haven_n be_v south-west_n from_o you_o then_o be_v you_o come_v near_o the_o first_o buy_v where_o you_o have_v 7._o fathom_n on_o the_o east_n side_n hold_v on_o from_o the_o northern_a buy_v to_o the_o other_o south_n &_o by_o east_n borrow_v of_o the_o western_a coast_n if_o the_o wind_n hang_v westerly_a in_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n where_o you_o have_v also_o 9_o or_o 10._o fathom_n water_n set_a southward_o from_o the_o second_o to_o the_o three_o buy_v for_o there_o have_v you_o 10._o or_o 11._o fathom_n &_o then_o be_v you_o right_o against_o southolme_n where_o it_o be_v shallow_a and_o narow_a from_o thence_o continue_v your_o course_n south_n to_o the_o buy_v of_o casperkine_n where_o be_v 7._o fathom_n water_n the_o fissher_n lie_v from_o the_o buy_v in_o casperkine_a east_n and_o by_o north_n the_o west_n side_n thereof_o be_v very_o shallow_a your_o course_n from_o casperkine_n to_o the_o shall_v or_o sand_n call_v drakerriff_n be_v south_n where_o a_o buy_v lie_v in_o 5._o fathom_n water_n but_o from_o drakerriff_n to_o steden_n south_n and_o by_o westward_o and_o then_o have_v you_o sometime_o deep_a sound_v but_o when_o you_o be_v betwixt_o steden_n and_o falsterborne_n and_o the_o flat_a broad_a tower_n of_o falsterborne_n be_v one_o with_o the_o castle_n then_o be_v you_o at_o the_o point_n of_o the_o riff_o or_o bank_n where_o lie_v a_o buy_v in_o 4._o fathom_n depth_n and_o there_o begin_v the_o eastern_a sea_n call_v the_o belt_n and_o may_v shape_v your_o course_n thence_o easterly_a towards_o brontholme_n if_o you_o will_v back_o again_o from_o steden_n towards_o draker_n when_o you_o come_v near_a drakerriff_n if_o the_o tower_n of_o coppen_n haven_n appear_v on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o draker_n wood_n bring_v draker_n north_n and_o by_o west_n off_o you_o so_o shall_v you_o go_v clear_a of_o the_o riff_o and_o when_o the_o tower_n of_o coppen_n haven_n be_v to_o sight_n a_o ship_n length_n eastward_o from_o the_o wood_n you_o be_v thwart_v of_o drakerriff_n buy_v where_o you_o have_v 5._o fathom_n water_n your_o course_n from_o drakerriff_n to_o the_o buy_v in_o casperkine_n be_v almost_o plain_a north_n where_o it_o be_v about_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n deep_a and_o there_o the_o channel_n be_v narrow_a but_o from_o casperkine_n to_o the_o other_o three_o buy_v set_v north_n and_o north_n and_o by_o west_n where_o you_o have_v 10._o 9_o 8._o or_o 7._o fathan_fw-ge water_n when_o coppen_n haven_n be_v south-west_n then_o be_v you_o come_v
have_v you_o the_o right_a course_n the_o riff_o or_o sand_n of_o lesow_n have_v 8._o or_o 9_o fathom_n water_n in_o the_o channel_n but_o the_o shift_a shoalde_n have_v but_o 2._o or_o 2._o and_o a_o half_a the_o cape_n of_o denmark_n call_v the_o schaghen_n or_o scaw_n lie_v six_o league_n north_n and_o by_o east_n from_o thence_o the_o traffic_n of_o these_o country_n be_v manifold_a viz._n suet_n fat_a and_o all_o kind_n of_o tallow_n and_o other_o merchandise_n as_o filbeard_n barley_n malt_n wheat_n rye_n and_o such_o like_a a_o card_n of_o the_o beldt_n with_o all_o the_o sea_n coast_n bound_n and_o site_n of_o the_o country_n call_v laland_n unto_o steven_n head_n a_o plain_a description_n of_o the_o uttermost_a coast_n of_o jutland_n that_o stretch_v out_o with_o a_o point_n towards_o the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o north_n sea_n opposite_a to_o norway_n if_o you_o will_v sail_v from_o schagen_n call_v the_o scaw_n towards_o sebuy_n your_o right_a course_n lie_v six_o league_n south_n and_o by_o west_n southwards_o of_o it_o be_v dangerous_a scatter_a shoalde_n or_o sand_n in_o 2._o 3._o or_o 4._o fathom_n but_o in_o the_o channel_n you_o have_v 5._o or_o 6._o fathom_n water_n the_o broad_a tower_n of_o hals_n bear_v from_o sebuy_n five_o league_n south_n south-west_n and_o south_n and_o by_o west_n on_o the_o east_n side_n whereof_o be_v the_o deep_a of_o aelburgh_n in_o the_o entry_n be_v two_o buy_v and_o the_o tower_n call_v hals_n stand_v on_o the_o northside_n thereof_o aelburgh_n lie_v three_o league_n from_o the_o deep_a up_o the_o river_n two_o league_n eastward_o of_o the_o deep_a be_v a_o shoalde_v call_v sweteryn_n of_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n depth_n which_o you_o must_v strike_v over_o sail_v into_o the_o belt_n for_o in_o the_o channel_n you_o have_v 10._o or_o 11._o fathom_n water_n the_o isle_n of_o leson_n be_v all_o round_a about_o flat_a and_o shallow_a a_o good_a league_n into_o the_o sea_n contain_v but_o 3._o fathom_n water_n but_o on_o the_o southside_n the_o like_a depth_n reach_v into_o the_o sea_n two_o league_n and_o it_o be_v beeset_v with_o bank_n of_o 2._o or_o 3._o fathom_n depth_n but_o from_o the_o south_n coast_n where_o stand_v a_o church_n stretch_v out_o a_o riff_o towards_o the_o east_n two_o great_a league_n into_o the_o sea_n within_o which_o you_o may_v anchor_n in_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n for_o a_o south_n southeast_n wind_n there_o lie_v out_o also_o from_o the_o northside_n a_o riff_o a_o league_n into_o the_o sea_n tryndell_n bear_v from_o hence_o three_o little_a league_n to_o the_o seaward_o north-east_n and_o have_v a_o shall_v a_o acre_n and_o a_o half_a large_a and_o be_v scarce_o four_o foot_n deep_a near_o to_o the_o north-east_n part_v thereof_o lie_v always_o a_o buy_v lest_o the_o ship_n which_o come_v from_o schagen_n shall_v strike_v upon_o it_o the_o lesser_a helmen_n bear_v from_o schagen_n four_o league_n south_n south-west_n you_o may_v sail_v round_o about_o it_o for_o there_o be_v no_o danger_n &_o it_o be_v 5._o fathom_n deep_a trindell_n lie_v from_o schagen_n six_o league_n southeast_n somewhat_o easterly_a if_o you_o come_v by_o night_n about_o schagen_n to_o sail_v into_o the_o sound_n bring_v the_o watch_n fire_n or_o the_o fire_n beacon_n itself_o south-west_n &_o by_o west_n from_o you_o before_o you_o set_v south_n eastward_n for_o than_o stand_v the_o fire_n beacon_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o east_n town_n and_o you_o be_v far_o enough_o beyond_o the_o riff_o or_o point_n of_o schagen_n which_o be_v the_o sure_a mark_n by_o night_n but_o if_o you_o come_v out_o of_o the_o sound_n by_o night_n set_v the_o fire_n beacon_n south_n south_n west_n from_o you_o before_o you_o turn_v about_o schagen_n riff_o up_o towards_o hartshal_n when_o the_o watch_n fire_n bear_v south_n south-west_n from_o you_o you_o may_v perceive_v the_o watch_n beacon_n five_o foot_n distant_a eastward_n of_o the_o eastern_a town_n which_o be_v most_o certain_a mark_n to_o go_v clear_a of_o schagen_n but_o if_o you_o will_v by_o night_n pass_v by_o schagen_n with_o a_o easterly_a wind_n take_v heed_n of_o the_o stream_n or_o currant_n of_o the_o belt_n for_o you_o may_v easy_o be_v carry_v under_o norway_o where_o there_o be_v a_o deep_a which_o you_o must_v careful_o look_v too_o aelburg_n be_v the_o chief_a town_n of_o traffic_n of_o this_o country_n from_o whence_o be_v transport_v store_n of_o barley_n and_o malt_n beside_o some_o hide_n tallow_n and_o such_o like_a thing_n the_o outtermost_a coast_n towards_o the_o northern_a sea_n have_v a_o hard_a and_o dangerous_a shore_n whereof_o it_o stand_v you_o great_o upon_o to_o beware_v for_o many_o ship_n do_v there_o perish_v because_o there_o be_v no_o haven_n nor_o road_n a_o description_n of_o the_o outtermost_a coast_n of_o jutland_n both_o of_o the_o belt_n side_n &_o of_o the_o north_n sea_n side_n as_o they_o be_v situate_v between_o aelburger_n diep_n or_o haven_n and_o rijncopen_fw-mi a_o perfect_n description_n of_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o jutland_n call_v yotland_n and_o of_o the_o haven_n stream_n river_n and_o island_n thereunto_o belong_v there_o run_v in_o by_o bovenbergen_n a_o little_a creek_n about_o 2._o fathom_n deep_a at_o half_a flood_n if_o you_o will_v go_v in_o there_o tarry_v your_o tide_n and_o then_o hold_v straight_o into_o the_o haven_n as_o the_o chart_fw-la show_v you_o and_o when_o you_o be_v within_o the_o point_n cast_v anchor_n where_o you_o have_v 3._o fathom_n at_o full_a sea_n for_o within_o it_o be_v shallow_a and_o most_o common_o dry_a if_o you_o will_v enter_v the_o creek_n of_o numit_v or_o rincopen_fw-mi and_o be_v come_v as_o far_o as_o the_o shall_v of_o reef-horne_n in_o 3._o fathom_n depth_n turn_v up_o north-east_n and_o by_o north_n until_o you_o perceive_v blewberch_n on_o your_o starrebord_n which_o lie_v about_o two_o league_n southerly_a from_o the_o say_a creek_n and_o on_o the_o sand_n side_n of_o the_o entry_n be_v two_o white_a down_n when_o you_o have_v bring_v blewberch_n east_n southeast_n &_o both_o the_o white_a down_n be_v hide_v almost_o north-east_n from_o you_o bear_v bold_o with_o the_o down_n almost_o hard_o aboard_o the_o shore_n and_o then_o shall_v you_o see_v the_o land_n mark_n upon_o the_o north_n coast_n which_o when_o they_o shall_v be_v open_a before_o you_o ten_o foot_n distance_n one_o from_o another_o hale_v alongst_o the_o shore_n in_o 2._o fathom_n water_n if_o you_o listen_v with_o your_o lead_n but_o when_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o two_o down_n turn_v over_o towards_o the_o two_o land_n mark_n and_o ride_v within_o by_o the_o north_n shore_n in_o 3._o or_o 4._o fathom_n the_o entry_n near_o the_o jap_n stretch_v inwards_o north-east_n and_o by_o north_n and_o north_n northeast_n right_o over_o against_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o white_a down_o stand_v a_o broad_a tower_n which_o you_o must_v keep_v so_o until_o the_o land_n mark_n be_v one_o then_o by_o those_o mark_n run_v alonge_v the_o jap_n in_o &_o it_o stretch_v most_o north_n north-east_n inward_o until_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o land_n mark_n if_o you_o will_v go_v far_o in_o stay_v for_o a_o low_a water_n that_o you_o may_v perceive_v how_o the_o dry_a shoalde_n and_o sand_n lie_v on_o both_o side_n for_o the_o channel_n be_v crooked_a and_o must_v be_v sound_v rincopen_fw-mi lie_v inwards_o about_o three_o league_n and_o there_o be_v eight_o league_n distance_n betwixt_o numit_v and_o sursuyt_n if_o you_o will_v sail_v towards_o sursuyt_n or_o scelinckeroog_n come_v from_o the_o north_n over_o the_o shall_v call_v reef-horne_n in_o 3._o fathom_n or_o thereabouts_o you_o must_v conde_n alongst_o the_o south_n side_n of_o this_o shall_v in_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n water_n until_o you_o see_v the_o land_n on_o the_o larbord_n you_o shall_v perceive_v a_o gray_a down_o call_v doodbergh_n hold_v alongst_o the_o land_n which_o be_v a_o low_a sand_n stretch_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o westward_n in_o 3._o fathom_n depth_n until_o you_o be_v come_v to_o the_o far_a end_n of_o the_o sand_n then_o turn_v up_o westward_o and_o be_v within_o the_o sand_n point_n anchor_n in_o 3._o fathom_n water_n or_o more_o there_o lie_v also_o a_o river_n or_o creek_n overright_v the_o corner_n or_o point_n of_o this_o sand_n where_o a_o boyer_n may_v enter_v in_o here_o be_v the_o chief_a place_n of_o fish_v of_o all_o jutland_n where_o a_o ship_n without_o either_o cable_n or_o anchor_n may_v be_v save_v in_o time_n of_o need_n from_o thence_o bear_v graew_n diep_v three_o league_n south_n southeast_n in_o the_o entry_n you_o have_v at_o half_a flood_n 2½_n fathom_n northward_o of_o the_o entrance_n be_v a_o point_n near_o which_o you_o may_v