haue you the right course The Riff or sand of Lesow hath 8. or 9. fatham water in the channell but the shifting shoaldes haue but 2. or 2. and a halfe The Cape of Denmarke called the Schaghen or Scaw lieth six leagues North and by East from thence The traffiques of these countries are manifold viz. Suet Fatt and all kinde of Tallow and other marchandises as Filbeards Barley Mault Wheate Rie and such like A CARDE of the Beldt with all the Sea coastes Bounds and Site of the countries called Laland vnto Steuens head A PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF THE VTTERMOST COASTE OF JVTLAND that stretcheth out with a point towardes the farthest partes of the North sea opposite to Norway IF you will sayle from Schagen called the Scaw towardes Sebuy your right course lieth six leagues South and by west Southwardes of it are dangerous scattering shoaldes or sandes in 2. 3. or 4. fatham but in the channell you haue 5. or 6. fatham water The broade tower of Hals beareth from Sebuy fiue leagues South southwest and South and by west on the east side whereof is the deepe of Aelburgh In the entry are two Buyes and the Tower called Hals standeth on the Northside thereof Aelburgh lieth three leagues from the deepe vp the riuer Two leagues Eastward of the deepe is a shoalde called Svveteryn of 6. or 7. fatham depth which you must strike ouer sayling into the Belt for in the Channell you haue 10. or 11. fatham water The Isle of Leson is all round about flat and shallow a good league into the sea conteyning but 3. fatham water but on the Southside the like depth reacheth into the Sea two leagues and it is beeset with bankes of 2. or 3. fatham depth But from the South coast where standeth a Church stretcheth out a riffe toward the East two great leagues into the sea within which you may anker in 6. or 7. fatham for a South southeast winde There lieth out also from the Northside a riffe a league into the sea Tryndell beareth from hence three little leagues to the seaward Northeast and hath a shoald an aker and a halfe large and is scarce foure foote deepe neare to the Northeast part therof lieth alwaies a buy least the ships which come from Schagen should strike vpon it The lesser Helmen beareth from Schagen foure leagues South southwest you may sayle rounde about it for there is no danger it is 5. fatham deepe Trindell lieth from Schagen six leagues Southeast somewhat easterly If you come by night about Schagen to sayle into the Sound bryng the watch fier or the fier beakon it self Southwest by west from you before you set South eastwards for then standeth the fier beakon in the middest of the east towne and you are farre inough beyonde the Riff or poynt of Schagen which are the surest markes by night But if you come out of the Sound by night set the fier beakon south south west from you before you turne about Schagen Riff vp towardes Hartshals when the watch fier beareth South southwest from you you may perceaue the watch beakon fiue foote distant Eastwards of the easterne towne which are most certayne markes to goe cleare of Schagen But if you will by night passe by Schagen with an Easterly winde take heede of the streame or currant of the Belt for you may easely be carried vnder Norvvay where there is a deep which you must carefully looke too Aelburg is the chiefest towne of traffique of this countrie from whence is transported stoare of Barley and Mault besides some Hides Tallow and such like thinges The outtermost coast towards the northern sea hath a hard and dangerous shoare whereof it standeth you greatly vpon to beware for many shippes do there perish because there be no Hauens nor Roades A Description of the outtermost coastes of Jutland both of the Belt side of the North Sea side as they are situated between Aelburger Diep or hauen and Rijncopen A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF OF THE SEA COASTS OF JVTLAND CALLED Yotland and of the hauens streames riuers and Islandes therevnto belonging THere runneth in by Bouenbergen a litle creeke about 2. fatham deep at halfe floud if you will goe in there tary your tide and then holde straight into the hauen as the charte sheweth you and when you are within the poynt cast anker where you haue 3. fatham at full sea for within it is shallow and most commonly dry If you will enter the creeke of Numit or Rincopen and being come as farre as the shoald of Reef-horne in 3. fatham depth turne vp Northeast and by North vntill you perceaue Blevvberch on your starrebord which lieth about two leagues Southerly from the sayd creeke and on the sande side of the entrie are two white Downes When you haue brought Blevvberch East Southeast bothe the white Downes are hidden almost north-Northeast from you beare boldly with the Downes almost hard abord the shoare and then shall you see the land markes vpon the North coast which when they shall be open before you tenne foote distance one from another hale alongst the shoare in 2. fatham water if you list with your Lead But when you are past the two Downes turne ouer towardes the two land markes and ride within by the North shoare in 3. or 4. fatham The entrie neere the Iap stretcheth inwardes north-Northeast and by North and North Northeast Right ouer against the North side of the white Downe standeth a broad Tower which you must keepe so vntill the land markes be one then by those markes runne alongest the Iap in it stretcheth most North north-North-east inwards vntill you are past the land marks if you will go farther in stay for a low water that you may perceiue how the drie Shoaldes and sandes lye on both sides for the channell is crooked and must be sounded Rincopen lieth inwardes about three leagues and there is eight leagues distance betwixt Numit and Sursuyt If you will sayle towardes Sursuyt or Scelinckeroog comming from the North ouer the shoald called Reef-horne in 3. fatham or thereaboutes you must conde alongst the South side of this shoald in 6. or 7. fatham water vntill you see the land on the Larbord you shall perceiue a gray Downe called Doodbergh holde alongst the land which is a low sand stretching from the East to the Westward in 3. fatham depth vntill you are come to the farthest end of the sand Then turne vp Westward and being within the sandes poynt anker in 3. fatham water or more There lyeth also a riuer or creeke ouerright the corner or poynt of this sand where a Boyer may enter in Here is the chiefe place of fishing of all Iutland where a ship without eyther cable or anker may be saued in time of neede From thence beareth Graevv diep three leagues South Southeast In the entrie you haue at halfe floud 2½ fatham Northward of the entrance is a poynt neere which you may
leag 10 From Sckagen to the Trindell S.E. and by E. leag 7 From the Trindell of Lesou vnto Anout s.e. leag 8 From Anout to Col. South southeast leag 9 From Col to Aselyn on Zealand in Den-marcke south west and by west leag 8 From Aselyn to Steuens head w. N.w. leag 14 From Falsterboner riffe to VVitmont s.e. by s. lea 14 From Steden to Bornholme E. and by S. leag 16 From Bornholm to Reefcol east and by north leag 20 From Bornholm to Coolsberghe south-east leag 10 From Bornholm vnto the Rocke north n.e. leag 15 From Bornholm to Houbourgh n.e. leag 38 From Houbourgh to Rygs head south and N. leag 28 From Houbourgh vnto the VVindou E.N.E. leag 26 From Oostergarde vnto the VVindou E. w. leag 20 From the VVindou to Dageroort N. E by n. leag 28 FroÌ„ Dageroort vnto the Gotsche sand n e. by n. lea 18 From Dageroort vnto the Vieu N.w. by N. leag 10 From the Gotsche sand to Bouschaer N. by E. leag 15 From Marien vnto Elsenuos N.N.E. leag 14 THE COVRSES OF FRISLAND IVTland Pomeren Courland and Lyffland FRom Maers deepth in Holland to Bornriff n.e. lea 10 From Bornriff to VVrangherooch E.N.E. leag 26 From VVrangherooch to Holy land north leag 5 From holy land vnto the Riuer of Elue southeast and by east leag 6 From Holy land to the Riuer of Eyder East and by North. leag 6 From Holy land vnto Rypen Northeast and by North. leag 12 From Rypen vnto Bouenbergh N. n.w. leag 25 From Bouenberghe to Holmen N. N. E. leag 6 From Holmen vnto Robbenknuyt northeast leag 8 From Robbenknuyt to Sckaghen north n.e. leag 9 From Sckaghen vnto Zebay south by w. leag 6 From Zebay vnto Hals s and by w. leag 5 From Hals vnto Steuens-head s. s. E. leagues 5 From Steuens-head to the great Helm s.s.w. leag 6 From the great Helm vnto wero s.s. E. leag 3 From wero vnto Bolsack s. s. w. leag 3 From Bolsack to Sproo s. s. E. leag 8 From Sproo vnto Longh-land s. E. leag 3 From Longh-land vnto Lalants haeck or hoocke south and North. leagues 7 From thence vnto Femeren s. E. leagues 4 From the Isle of Femeren to the Rae of Lubeck south south west leagues 8 From Rae to Crycer-oort N. E and s. w. lea 4 From Cruyceroort vnto Robbenes northeast and by East leag 12 From Robbenes to VVitmont n. E and by E. leag 8 From VVitmont to Iasmont s. E. and by E. leag 2 From Iasmont to the Paert s. s. e. leag 2 From the Paert vnto Colsberghe E. n. e. leag 12 From Colsberghe vnto Garshooft or head north east and by north leagues 10 From Garshead vnto Reefcol E.N.E. leag 4 FroÌ„ Reefcol vnto the Risschehooft or head E.n.c. lea 12 From Risheâ—â— vnto Heel s.e. leag 6 From Heel vnto the VVissel of Danzick s. by w. lea 4 FroÌ„ thence to Conincxberghe deepth n. E. by E. lea 10 From thence to the Memel n. N.E. leag 12 From the Memel to Zeuenberghe n.n.w. leag 8 From Zeuenberow vnto the VVindou N. by E. lea 14 From the VVindou vnto Lyseroert N.E. by E. leag 4 From Lyseroert to Domsnes E.N.E. leag 8 From Domsnes vnto Runen E. and w. leag 6 From Runen vnto Rygh S.E. leag 12 From Rygh vnto Pernouth N. and by E. leag 14 From Pernouth vnto the East end of the Olsel west northwest leag 10 From thence vnto the Swalawcroort n. E. leag 14 From thence vnto Dagheroort n.n.w. leag 18 From thence vnto Zyburgsnes n. E. leag 6 From Zybourghsnes to Oitkens Holm n.e. by e. lea 5 From Oitkins holm to Narien E.n. E. leag 6 From Narien vnto VVrangher E. leag 6 From VVrangher vnto Eke-holm E. and by s. leag 7 From Eke-holm vnto the Narue E. and by s. leag 12 From the Narue vnto the Russe-haecke n. leag 4 From the Russche-hookes to VVybourgh north-east and by n. leag 16 From the High Iland vnto the Narue s.e. leag 10 From Highland vnto Somere n.e. and by E. leag 10 From Highland vnto Narien w.s.w. leag 20 From Narien to Luz by the Scheeres n.n.w. leag 8 From Vieu vnto Bouscher s.w. and by s. leag 12 From Bouschaer vnto the great Carell s s.w. leag 10 From thence to the South end of Godtland s.e. and by s. leag 6 From Houbergh vnto the Ryghs head South and by east leag 26 From Houbergh to the South end of Oeland south-west and by west leag 18 From Oelandt vnto Bornholm s.w. and by s. leag 20 From Oelandt to the Rygish head s.e. leag 22 From Bornholm vnto VVitmondt s.w. leag 9 From Dorenbosch vnto Moen n.w. leag 7 From Moen vnto Gheester riffe s.s.w. leag 6 From Gheester riff vnto Lubecke s.w. and by w. lea 14 The Sea courses on the backside of Moscouie and generallie of all our trafficks FRom Candalex vnto Ombay s.e. and by e. leag 10 From Ombay vnto Stalsland south east leag 8 From Stalsland vnto VVarsiga E.s. E. leag 12 From VVarsiga vnto Caroa E.s. E. leag 8 From Carea vnto Karswyck E. leag 5 From Karswyck vnto Polongi E.n. E. leag 6 From Polongi vnto Sautsnawitz n.e. by e. leag 6 From Sautsnawits vnto the Iles n.n. E. leag 10 From the three Iles to Orlogonos n.n.w. leag 4 From Orlogonos to Sweetonos n.w. and by n. leag 12 From Sweetonos to the Seuen Iles s. E. leag 18 From the Seuen Iles vnto Kildin s. E. leag 24 From Kildin to Lauwes N.w. and by N. leag 8 From Lauwes to Oosterhauen S.E. leag 10 FroÌ„ Oosterhauen to VVaerhuys N.w. by N. leag 10 From VVaerhuys to Matcorf N.w. leag 10 From Matcorf to Northkin w. N.w. leag 12 From Northkin to the North Cape E. and w. leag 10 From the North Cape or Loppe to Trompsont w. S.w. leag 40 From Trompsont to Lof foote S.w. leag 38 From Lof-foote to Rust S.S.w. leag 25 From Rust to Stad S.w. more S. leag 90 From Stad to Berghen S. and N. leag 30 From Berghen vnto the VVtsiers S. and by E. leag 30 From the VVtsiers to the Noes S.E. leag 29 From Schaghen to the Riff s.w. and by w. leag 24 From the Riff to Calice by Flaunders s.s.w. leag 95 From the Heads to the Shingles or Nesse poynt S.w. and by w. leag 9 From the Nesse poynt to Beachy w.s.w. leag 7 From Beachy to the I le of wight w. and by s. leag 15 From VVight to the Start poynt w. and by s. leag 26 From the Start to without Vshant S. w. by w. leag 30 From Vshant to Cizarga s. s.w leag 86 From Cizarga to Cape de Finisterre w.s.w. leag 12 From Cape de Finisterre to the Barlings S. and N. leag 50 From Cape de Finisterre to the Terâ—â—…ra w. and by S. leag 120 From Cape de Finisterre to the I le Madera S. w. and by S. leag 180 From Madera to
Islands of Saltees hath 45. fatham But two leagues off Ireland it hath but 40. Betweene the Isles of Saltees and Milford it is 44. fatham deepe betweene Londay and the Isles of Sylly 38. fath In the mid way betweene the Isles of Sylly and Milford it is 44. fatham deepe but plaine North of Sylly 40. and 42. fatham Neere England by the landes ende the channell is of 50. fatham depth A ship that commeth from Cape Finisterre sayling North Northeast if shee hath 80. fatham sounding she is 20. leagues off the shoare and the ground is small blacke stones mingled with great red sand In the same course when you haue but 60. fatham water you are within 12. or 14. leagues off the shoare yet shall you not so soone ken land as you would thinke for you shall a great while haue 60. fath depth for it is at the North partes of the chanell about the Isles of sylly Betweene Vshant and the Isles of sylly the chanell is 70. fatham deepe On the Southside of the Isles of sylly the ground is small red stones and fine white sand Ouer against the Lizard and Falmouth 4. leagues from shoare it is 52. fatham deepe Betwixt Foy and Plimmouth sound in the midst of the chanell it is 60. fatham deep Betweene the Lyzard and the start beare no nearer the shoare then 35. fatham You maye cast anker in the trade or channell in 25. fatham and so shall you lie within the foreland streame Betweene Plimmouth and the Sept Isles in the middest of the chanell it is 55. fatham deepe But 4. leagues South Southwest of Plimmouth it is but 35. fatham South Southeastward of the midland of the start it is 45. fatham deepe but from thence 5. or 6. leagues Southeast you haue 54. fatham In the chanell betweene the Caskets and Portland it is 40. fatham deep a league Northward off the Isle of Alderney is a hole or pit 80. fatham deepe all the rest of the channell betweene Portland and the Isle of Alderney is of equall deapth viz. 40. fatham VVhen you are within kinning of Portland your sounding is 34. fatham and 3. leagues off the Isle of VVight 36. fatham as also two leagues Eastward of Beachy Betweene picardie and the Isle of VVight the channell in the middest is 38. fatham deepe Betweene VVinchelsey and picardy 24. fatham The shoald betweene the Heads called the Vrovven-sand hath but three fatham depth and a halfe but on the Southside of it there is 24. fatham And in all the faire way betwetne Zeland and Douer it is 24. fatham deepe A PERFECT DESCRIPTION of the depths of the North Sea from Englands foreland or the mouth of Flaunders IN the chanell and course from Englandes fore-land and sands of Flaunders you haue 24. fatham depth but three leagues Northwest and by west of the country of Zierickze there is a shoald commonly called Borbreck which hath 4. fatham depth VVithout this shoald the Chanell of Zealand is 26. fatham deepe Northwest of Harlem 8. or 9. miles within the sea there beginneth a shelf commonly called de breede Verthien reaching alongest the coast of Holland to the playne of Ameland where it endeth Ouer agaynst Harlem and Egmond is 13. 14. and 15. fatham depth and the ground is of all Oase mingled with blacke sand like vnto Mustard-seede The sayd shelfe or shoald hath 15. 16. or 17. fatham depth betweene Texel and Vlieland where the ground is grosse red sand 6. or 7. leagues from shoare for there the shoald is narrower then it is towardes the Southend The Chanell without the shoald betweene zealand and Texel is 26 fatham deepe euen as farre as the shoald which the fishers call Doggsant In the Channell on England side ouer agaynst Yermouth is 32. fatham depth but right against Flamborough and Scarborough point 38. fatham whereas the whyte shelf commonly called Doggsant beginneth reaching into the North seas to the chanell of Helichland This shoald where it is within kenning of Flamborough poynt hath but 9. or 10. fatham depth But when in the same sand you find 12. fatham depth then Texel is from you Southest almost 30. leagues but when you are come to 16. fatham depth then are you within 21. leagues South Southeast of Vlieland A ship that comes from the Riffe finding 18. fath depth on the foresaid sand is then 20. leagues South and by East of Vlieland but comming to 22. fatham must then sayle towardes the Vlie S. and by westward and South southwestward But if in the Chanell of Helichland 24. 26. fatham depth be found then must you sayle Southwest and S.w. and by S. and then are you come to the Scellinghe but when as in Helichland sound you haue 27. fatham then are you altogether to the Eastwards of it Betweene the Riffe the shoald called Doggersant the chanell is 26. fath deepe without the chanell westwards it is 32. fath deepe A ship that comes out of the English straightes or out of zealand hauing at the riffe 24. fatham depth is distant from the Noes in Norvvay 18. leagues almost North and by East but hauing 20. fatham is 16. leagues from it Northward and finding but 18. fatham is then 18. leagues off it North and by west The course from thence to the Holmes is 12. leagues North and by E. And from thence towards the poynt of Scakghens 18. leagues Northeast and by East There is a rocke of one onely fatham depth standing Northeast and Northeast and by East of the Holmes two leagues from the shoare The depth of the Northerne Ocean neere vnto Iutland and Ameland IN the sea without Iutland a myle distant from Dodenberg there is a banck called Reef-horn stretching out 8. leagues w. by S. which in some places hath but three fatham depth in some places may be sayled ouer and become a roade for a Northwest and a North winde in 20. fatham depth From Ameland towards the sea the ground is grosse sand red and blacke mingled with shelles From thence sayling Southward in 16. fatham three houres you shall come to the smooth Sea of Ameland where your ground is fine sand mingled with shelles North from Schellinghe in 24. fatham depth is found altogether fine white sand and afterwardes in 18. fatham white and blacke sand mingled Vlieland hath white sand mingled with shelles and thinne blacke sand in 16. fatham depth from the west end of Vlieland is great red sand mingled with black like vnto mustardseede about 6. or 7. leagues from the shoare At the East ende of schellingh to the seawards at 18. fatham water is found fine white sande mingled with blacke hauing in it thinges like needles Ouer against Borckom in the vvester Ems at 17. or 18. fatham depth land may be seene the ground is of grosse grauelly sand At 14. fatham depth may Ameland be kend but schellingh at 16. fatham and Vliland at 15. or 16. fatham water Any man may by night
Oesells poynt when you are cleare of it you may see a little Island which you must bring on the starbord hold on in 8. fatham depth betwene Oesell and that litle Island then set Northwest til ye get another Island on the starreborde side wherevpon stand two or three high trees but keepe alongest the coastes of Oesell vntil you see a great tree which being past you shall perceiue many litle Islandes on your Larbord which you must set halfe a league on the same side from you In this place you may best consider by your compasse how all the channels of this entrie doe stretch Oesell is a rough countrie and very hard to be knowne by such as are on the outside of the coastes This Charte also containeth part of Curland where standeth Dervvind the cheefest citie yet knowne to few Sea men and sometime though very seldome a smal vessel or two are fraighted there with clowbord and wainscot THE SEA Coastes round abouts the I le called Ossel With a part of Curland begining from Dagheroort vnto der Winde eueÌ„ as the Countrei doth shewe his situation that Waye A LARGE DESCRIPTION OF PRVSLAND WHEREOF DANTzick is the chiefest marte IF you will sayle from Hee ll to Dantzyck conde South and South by west towardes the castell of Termonde where you must passe through the olde entrie from the Eastwarde go in between two Buyes vntill you are cleare of the Peerres called kysten where alongst lieth a new entry which now is very commodious for litle vessels called Boyers From Hee ll to the entrie of Kingsborovv shape your course full East where you shall comonly haue two entries viz. the one lying South southeast vp alongst the high land of Hanheer the other E and E Southeast But you must not trust much to the incertentie because euery yeare they change their course sometimes Southeast and at other times inwards South Southeast when you are within there is a great Lake called the Hafr whith parteth it selfe two wayes th one towardes Meluing the other towardes Kingsborovv Your course to Meluing lyeth Southsouthwest and South and by west but Kingsborovv beareth about six leagues East and by Northward Moreouer if you will set out from Righ heade towards Memell your right course is twentie leagues Northeast and by East the entrance of Memell is 2. fatham deepe being within it turne westward and being cleare of the poynt anker in 5. fatham water Southward vp lieth a notable great bay or Lake called the Haft into which runneth Chronus the riuer of Memell out of Littuania from whence commeth great store of flaxe and likewise the Riuer of Dune neare vnto Kingsborovv so that many streames doe meete in this Lake The Dukedome of Prusland conteineth fiue notable marte townes viz. Dantzike Meluing Brimburgh Kingsbourgh and Memell amongest them all Dantzike is held for the cheefest where euery day is solde aboue a 1000. lastes of wheate and rie and likewise Rafters Pitch Tarre Flaxe Hempe Pruse beere commonly called Iupenbeer and many other commodities of great prise The trade in Meluinge and Brimsburghe is of such like merchandises in great abundance at kingsbourgh is the cheefest staple for dealebord and clowbord It yeeldeth also great store of VVheate Rie Flax VVaxe Hemp Pitch Tarre Sope Ashes and like merchandises in such great quantitie that it may worthely be counted amongest the most famous And so also may Memell whose traffique is most of Flaxe besides all such merchandises as may be had in kingsborough But I purpose not to perticularize euery thing that is transported thence Notwithstanding I must confesse that this is a most fertile and plentifull country which God hath blessed aboue all her neighbours other countries THE CARDE of the sea coastes of the land 〈◊〉 with all the hauens and ruâ—â—s from Memel vnto Heel AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE COASTES OF POMERLAND and the countries adioyning FIue Leagues from Vernorde lieth Righe head and from thence to Serneuisse you haue 3. leagues alongst the shoare runneth a small Riuer which farther inwards spreadeth into a great Lake And from Serneuisse to Liba it is fiue leagues where a creeke goeth in called the Osse On the East side therof stande many litle rockes or stumpes called VVollesaken From thence vnto Reefcoll which is a high Mountayne whereby the coaste is knowne you haue foure leagues and so farre lieth the Stolp or Gars-head from Reescoll where is the mouth of a litle Riuer fit for vessels of light burden From Gars-head to Revvold it is three leagues in that entrie called VVipper you haue 4. fatham Colesbourghe lieth from Revvolde seuen leagues where also lieth a litle streame or creeke called Radyng Between Colesbourgh and Iasmonde are reckned 12. leagues and do lie playne East and west the one from the other South east and Northwest from Colsbourgh beareth the Island Borneholme where you haue rounde aboute good anker holde Eertholmen is distant from Borneholme two great leagues North Northeast Vpon the coastes of Pomerland standeth Stattyn the principal marte towne of that countrie from whence is transported great store of VVheate Rie Barly Maulte and the Beere of Mesons There lieth also the Island of Rughen which at sometimes yeeldeth great plentie of Rie but commonly it is restrayned by the inhabitants THE SEA CARDE of the coastes of the Dutchie of Pomerland in there trewe Situation A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW DEEPE THAT STRETcheth vp to Stattin and Mesound and of the Sea coastes of Mekelenburgh Lubeck the Belt Greensound Moone c. IF you will sayle into the new deep set from Iasmonde two leagues South Southeast towardes the wood called Peert or Bock from whence you must hold on a league Southerly The entry turneth inward west Southwest where you haue shallow water both within and without As you sayle set Mesound on the starborde and Stattyn on the larbord side where is commonly calme water Grypsvvolde is situate vpon the very mouth of a litte riuer before you as you goe in If you will passe through the Yell which runneth neere Dorenbosch keepe betweene the coastes of Barts and the Isle of Rughen where you haue but 1. or 2. fatham water and is onely for small vessels This course may you also take to sayle into Mesound at Barts you haue a little riuer or creek goinge in which beareth onely Boyers and other small vessels Southwest and by west from VVitmond lieth Rostvvyck 12. leagues and is a port for small vessels and from Rostvvick to VVismere haue you 7. leagues Southwest it is a good hauen for all shippes Lubeck lieth from vvismer first to the west South west and then South west and by south where is a deepe channell for great ships to passe thorough for the shoald or barre that lieth in the entrie is of 12. foote depth There haue you a great Bay or a notable good hauen most safe for any winde except a Northeast and a North northeast From thence beareth Femeren
beare in 2. fatham you may also goe in there by your plumet and cast anker when you are past the poynt For all the whole channell is crooked sounding ground therefore assoone as you are within the poynt cast anker You may likewise take your course towardes Fanu in 3. fatham and so enter alongst the South coast There lyeth inward a riuer or creeke vp into the land wherevpon standeth a litle Tower called VVoer or VVoerd and on the Westside of this Riuer Boyers are laden assoone as you are within Graew diep there lieth a long sandy hill called Langleg hale in alongest that sand and leaue it on your Larbord Knutse diep lieth from Graews diep two great leagues where two land markes stand vpon a drie shoald which you must set almost East Southeast and East and by South and when they are one you shall find the first Buy from whence hold on to the second East Southeast vntill you are past the land markes Then haue you also on the Larbord side a little shoald when you are past the same turne vp Northwarde toward the beacons and cast anker in 3. 4. or 5. fatham There lie the ships that are bound outward from Rypen On the South end of Fanu are two indifferent high white Downes and are called the Southerne head On the North side standeth a broad Tower whereby the coast is very easily knowne About a great league Southward of Fanu lieth a litle rounde Island called Manu from whence stretcheth a flatt about a league and a halfe into the seaward As much Southward from thence beareth the Isle of Ryme which is two leagues long from thence two leagues into the sea is shallow water The Diep of Rypen goeth in betweene Ryme and Manu which is nought and all flatte and now a dayes not vsed by such as trauell to Rypen Silt is distant from Rym a league betweene these Islands goeth in the best Diep or channell of all Iutland for when the water is lowest it is 5. or 6. fatham deepe and stretcheth inwardes most East Southeast and East and by South On the Northpart of Sylt is an high redde cliff wheron standeth a church built minster like and a mill But within Silt you may peceiue a litle Island wheron standeth a house and when you haue brought that house about a cables length Northward of the Northcoast of Sylt and the blacke inland beginneth to couer the red cliff and to take it from your sight then are you come to the entrance and then sayle in East Southeast vntill you are within the Rust which is left on the starbord side And being past it you haue yet two other small shoaldes by the poynt of Sylt from whence runneth downe a violent and mightie streame towardes the North coast In the channell it is 10. 11. and 12. fatham deepe Then turne vp towardes the house almost Southeast and you shall perceiue in Sylt a house which is the Admiralles whether you must direct your course and cast anker for there is safe riding in all weathers But if you are bound vp to Lutk Tonderen you must there take in a Pilott which must sounde the channell Your course from hence to Tonderen lieth East southeast and East and by South you may also go in by the shoald of the Isle of Ryme sounding as you passe in 3. or 4. fatham There is also a little entrie hard by Sylt which you may passe into vnder the same Island But when you are cleere of the Rust turne towardes Rym and saile then vpon the markes Your course lieth from the Vlie to Numit North Northeast more Easterly 40. leagues From the Vlie to Scelenckrooge you haue xxxiiii leagues Northeast and by North from the Vlie to Knuyts diep your course is Northeast and moste Northerly 32. leagues and this is your way to Ripen From the Vlie to Sylt your course lieth Northeast 30. leagues out of this part of Iutland commeth a great number of Beefes Barley Mault Fatt Suet Tallow and such lyke THE Situation of 〈◊〉 with the â—auens Riuers shoalds and 〈…〉 from Boeuenberger vnto the I le of Silt ¶ An exacte and most dilligent description of Eyderste Ditmers and of the Sea coastes adioyning with their true site and distances TO saile from holy land to Liste or Silt Deepe your course is North and North and by West vntil you are past the shoald called Amerenborne which lieth out in vii or viii fatham depth almost west south west of the Isle of Ameren From whence set North north East vi or vii leagues towarde the North side of Sylt or Lyst how this Channell is to be entred the former Charte doth sufficiently instruct you There is also a little deepe neere the South shoare of Sylt fit for small vessels and fisher boates which at halfe floode hath about two fatham water On the South side of this entrie lieth a shoald alongst the Isle of Ameren and from thence stretcheth downe almost 11. leagues and a halfe into the sea where you haue iiii or v. fatham By night you can come no néerer this shoald then in 7. fatham water for about halfe a league from the Island it lieth aboue water And you may anker vnder the same in x. or xi fatham then may you sée Ameren almost halfe a league from you East and East and by North. But when it shall be north East from you or north East and by East you are on the South side of the shoald and may borrowe of the shoare in foure or fiue fatham Then saile in betwéene Ameren and the saide shoald North and north and by East towards the North Coast of the Island But about Ameren you must goe with your lead vntill you haue brought it Southward of you where you shall anker betweene the shoaldes of Sylt and Ameren which are both drie at low water There is safe riding in fyue or syxe fatham at halfe floode for any wind And if it happen that you are put to anker vnder the same with a ship that draweth much water bring the north part of Ameren North and by East from you and hold on to the North Coast of Ameren vntill you are cléere of the shoald where you may anker in what place you list because it is there déepe enough This entrie is called the Red déepe If comming from the sea you will saile in here set the highest Downe of Ameren south East Saile in betwéene the shoald and the bankes of the narrow déepe called Small Deepe vntill you are come néere the Coast of Ameren And borrowe alongst of the shoare in vi or vii fatham vntill you are past the north point of the Island and set the Island South from you But this entry is not for ships of burden The Fishermen of Voren do vse this place bothe for their going in and out on the South side of Sylt And if you will beare in with Small Deepe bring the Tower of Pielwormen East and by North
and the highest downe of Ameren North. Saile in North north East by the out shoalds but when you are within a little way hold on north East and by north to Voren kéeping the Isle of Voren on your larboord and the north Maze on your starreboord side The Small Deepe hath at halfe floode two fatham and a halfe But if you wil saile from holy land to the Riuer of Heuer set north east a litle more easterly when you haue brought the Tower of Pielworme north East by north a Cables length northwarde of the southern Koehuse or cowhouse you are at the outtermost buy Thence hold on to the second north East and north-east by East and the tower of Pielwormen will stand north north-east but continue your course froÌ„ the second buy to the two first Beacons north east by East and from thence to the other two middle East north-east and then north-east and by east to th' other like markes but all these markes stand on the starboord as you goe into the Riuer of Heuer There is a foure square déepe stretching to Huis bridge The entry of the north Heuer lyeth néere Suderoge which is a very lettle Island hauing three or foure rewes of houses in it but at the shoald alled Quaghe it méeteth againe with the right Channell There is also a safe Road betwéen Pelworme and Suderoge but beare somwhat a loofe of the west side of Suderoge for there lieth out from thence a small sand wherfore saile in alongst the land of Pelworme and you shall sée a gréene Island called Nubell where you may anker on the west side in foure or fiue fatham for there is safe riding for ships fraighted and ready to goe out But if you wil to Huyse you may set the Isle of Nubell on your larboord side and returne againe into Huyse-deepe There is also a Channell or entrie neere the land of Eydorsteede leaue the shoald called Quaghe on the larboord side and enter north north-east vntill you are past the Beakons which stande vpon Quaghe and when you are come againe to the true Channell of Heuar which lyeth inwards most north-east and by east in the very entry of Heuar you haue iii. fatham water but on the shoalde called Suidbalge onely two and a halfe But if you wil goe from holy Island to Eyder shape your course east and by north till you perceiue the Tower of Gartingen on the south side of the Downes and north-east and by north from you By these markes saile alongst by the shoald called Blaewart as long as you haue v. or vi fatham where you may gage water But when you haue brought Wisselen-beeren east and by north at v. or vi fatham enter east south-east and east and by south turning sometimes eastward vntill you are cleare of the newe ground for then will the Beakon vpon the shoald of the Hont stand south south-east from you But when the Church of Taringhen appeareth a ships length eastward of the Village Ees you are past the newe ground Then hold on about a league and halfe north north-north-east towardes the Greene land called Coeberge and if you are to take in any Oxen hale alongst this shoare north north-east bearing sometimes somewhat more casterlie to Vlckehorne into the Channell called Doodebalge which you must warpe out of But when you are right against the south side of Coeberge there you enter into the Channel called Hetlanddeep which stretcheth down from the little Downes on the south-west and from thence reacheth Eyder straight vp to â—onnenghen first east and east by north alongst Dinners shoare then northeast to Tonnenghen The depth of Eyder is almost in euery place like and at halfe flood it hath v. vi or vii fatham If you will from Eyder to the Pipe set small sayle a while vntill the Church of Tatinghen appeare right to the most easterly house of Ees Then saile betwéene the vttermost part of Hont and the shoald of Blaeworte about a quarter of a mile where at halfe flood you shall find two fatham and a halfe water so holding on a little you shall come to the Channell of Pipe in v. or vi fatham There set almost east south-east vntill you are past the Beakon and from thence south-east and by east somewhat more southerly towards the shoalds of Hunen wheron standeth a Beakon and there haue you safe harborough for any wind you may also turne in northward within the Riff or shoald and anker before Buysen If you wyll goe from Buysen to the Elue run through the Channell called Blacke stroome almost south-west where you haue in the way two or thrée Beacons set them on the starboord side as you saile out and you shall enter the Elue néere vnto the seauenth buy And then shall you haue Neweworke almost south-west from you If you will saile to the Elue from holy land your course is south-east and by east and when the markes are one you find the outermost or first buy and the Neweworke will stand from you south-east and by south from the first buy to the second set east and east and by south And from thence to the buy that lieth by the newe entry east north-east and north-east and by east This buy lieth from the Neweworke south and south and by east Hold on from the buy called Coolton to the fourth buy north-east somewhat more easterly from whence to the fift buy east north-east and from the fift to the sixt saile east somewhat to the northwardes The sixt buy and the New worke lie south-west and by south and the north east and by north These buyes lie not as they were wont but are newe placed in a rancke not far from the Newe Shoaldes wherfore looke dilligently to your tide about these foure or fiue buyes for the flood entreth south-easterly through the new shoaldes and the ebbe contrariwise setteth through the northren shoaldes but you may sound the new shoaldes in v. or vi fatham viz. from the fourth buy to the farthest part of the newe shoalder from the vi buy to the vii your course lieth east and by south and east south-east and from the vii to the viii south-east and south east and by east and from thence to the ninth where the shoald is called Kos south-east and south-east and by south then from this buy to the shoald called Meem south-east and by east from Meem to Crutporte or the first buy which lieth in the open streame east south-east and then set towards the shoald called Pilgrimsand or the buy in Doest east and by south which you may saile vnto in foure or v. fatham water from thence to Brunsbuttell hold eastward next to the shoald of Saltshorne or Friburghe eastward alongst the north shoare then kéep east southeast alongst the north shore to the buy which lieth ouer against Steur and then forwards to the buy that lieth vpon Rugeroâ—tesande south-east and south-east and by east This
take heede of the wester VVeser which goeth in neere the Island of VVrangerough From hence holde on north-Northeast vntill you come to the first Buy and then will Menset beare South Southeast from you Menser church that standeth in Vrovv land is square and hath no steeple your right course from the first Buy to the fift lieth for the moste part East and East and by North. And when you are come to the fift Buy Menser will stand to your sight South Southwest Then goe South southeast to the Buy that lieth vpon the Maller and from thence to the Buy in the channell Southeast and so forward to the Buy that lyeth in Bolsersyle Southeast and by south and being past it conde towardes the South coast where you haue two beacons and safe harborough for a west wind And you may turne ouer into the riuer of Iad by the poynt of the red sand for there lyeth a Buy betweene the faire way and the red sand If you will sayle into East Eames it stretcheth in alongest by Borckomfriff East Southeast wherefore if you come from the East bring the Tower of Borckom South and by East from you and goe in towardes Borckoms shoare in 4. or 5. fatham then hale so alongest the shore till the tower be South southwest from you Then turne vp towards Iayst for you are cleere of the Riff so that you cannot strike vpon the same And when you are past the East end of borckom called Hooghen horne you finde high sandes on both sides and on the west side stand beacons where you may sayle in from beacon to beacon for so long as Norden Tower and the Island come not together you incurre no danger in the East Eams but when that Tower is one with the Isle of bant you meete with a bancke or shoald called Kings-platt wherefore keepe alongst the west shoare from beacon to beacon to Pelsommer shoald and you shall go safe But if you will beare in with the wester Emes bring the Island called the Bosch south and by East and the west ende of Rottom Southeast from you the shoare marks in one sayle in so to the first Buy where it is 6. fatham deepe from thence to the second Buy East and East and by North which lieth at low water in 4. fatham and so forward to the third Buy Eastward where you haue at low water 5. fatham and from thence holde on to the other two Buyes East and by South where it is 6. fatham deepe and sometime more as 7. or 8. fatham vntill you come vnto Hubets shoald and keepe then most alongst by the Riff to Borckom East southeast from borckom vnto the Ranzeel South East and by East and from Ranzeel to the Buy that lieth vpoÌ„ the shoald called Ruyd East Southeast On the west side of it stand 3. beacons from that Buy towardes Eamshorne set East Southeast where are two beacons betwixt but when you are past Emes-horne hold on sometimes Southeast South southeast South and at last South south west towards Groninger land thorow the straights where also vpon the west shoare you haue three beacons from thence hale alongst neere the coasts of Groninger southeast and East southeast that you may goe cleere of the shoald called Paep which lieth opposit to Delfsyll and appeareth aboue water at a low ebbe And when you haue gotten Fermsum crosse ouer towardes Knock least you strike on the shoald called Riddersant And then must you keep alongst the coast of Eamden two cables length off to Loegen By Knock is the road for ships that go out But if you will saile into Scholbalch you find two Buyes in the very entrie which stretcheth inwardes by the shoald called Peerdemart Bring the shoare markes of the Island Schirmonick-ooghe in one and sayle alongst the sayd shoald from the first Buy to the second vntill you are hard abord Schirmenick-oogh Then enter in South southwest and turne vp southward and at the last south southeast to the banck And so run thorow the channell toward Groningh southeast and towardes Dockum south There lieth also an entrie on the Eastside which stretcheth in southwest alongest the Island schirmonicke-ooghe vntill you are past the beacons of scholbalch And by the schelling runneth in boren diep where you haue 3. or 4. fatham water fayle in leauing Boren Riff on your Larbord for the most part East and East southeast to the coast of Ameland The traffique of these countries is not very great some corne is transported from the VVeser and good store of bremer beere crooked wood and like things out of Oudenburgh where Breme is the chiefest tower The greatest entercourse by sea is at Emden but such aboundance of Butter Cheese Bacon Barley Beanes Pease and such like merchandise is transported from Gronighe and Frisland as sufficeth for the substance almost of all the low countries and Germaine to the great benefit and commoditie of the inhabitantes A DESCRIPTION OF the Sea â—coastes of East Frysland with all their bankes Sandes and bekons
these particuler maps why in some coasts riuers and other Inland waters the townes towres rockes and other markes or signes do seeme on one side to stand vpright and on the other side cleane contrarie The gentle Reader shall vnderstand that in the particuler Chartes I haue treated little thereof as a matter not incident to the treatie of Nauigation But forasmuch as Pilots Shipmasters Mariners and many others whom it specially concerneth which set out daylie to the seas haue hitherto continually vsed as yet do alwaies vse the like charts so that with the least alteration therof they may often put in daunger their ship goods I thought it not requisite by and by to change the same although I know and haue prooued for certaintie that it will seeme very absurde and against reason to all cunning skilfull men whom I earnestly desire for that cause to haue me excused least by reason of the straungnes and such doubtfull alteration those which go to the sea should be brought to any doubt or confusion wherby many daungers and discommodities might ensue And let it not seeme straunge to any if peraduenture some of the sea coastes hauens countries c. appeare not so fully and plainely and shewe themselues as indeed they are and as they are pourtraied in our seuerall Chartes For albeit besides mine owne skill and experience I haue conferred and shewen whatsoeuer is contained in this booke to diuers Shipmasters and expert Pilots and haue corrected the same by their notes who according to their seuerall experience and iudgement haue praised and allowed all these seuerall Chartes which since that I haue published in the same forme yet because it is naturall for men to be deceaued for that diuers men haue not only diuers opinions but also euident faults perhaps many errors wil be found in this booke which a painfull and diligent Pilot will easely amend seing it is farre easier to correct that which is already inuented then to frame a new ⧠OF THE SPECIAL PROPERTIE OF THE SEA WHICH ASWEL IN times past as at this present maketh many to wonder NO man doubteth that the waues of the great Ocean and the force of the streame notwithstanding a contrary winde doe alwayes come from the North-west and flow very swiftly vpon all the sea coastes in the seas of our vsuall nauigation The waues are mounted on such an height and separated so farre asunder that when two shippes are parted by such waues each others mastes and toppes cannot be seene which happeneth commonly at a still water or calme weather And these waues are so farre distant that you cannot shoot from one ship to another with a Caliuer Moreouer in all the streicts or Leuant sea the waues alwaies driue and rise vp against the coastes creekes and shores and also the little streames and riuers notwithstanding a contrary wind alwaies roule vp against the shore a thing doubtlesse strange wonderfull But yet I thinke that no man hath hitherto as farre as I know certainly declared or defined the naturall cause of this motion VVherefore in few words I will declare my opinion hereof The cause of this motion may proceede without preiudice to other mens opinions from the North-west quarter because many tempests and stormes arise in the North and North-west countries by reason of the coldnes and intemperature of the ayre land and sea from whence blow such mighty and forcible windes driuing and beating the sea and the waues thereof with such might that no contrary wind can stoppe or resist the course or tossing thereof and that happeneth by reason of the continuall succession of the waues and surges which driue one another from a coast so farre off But some man may demaunde why it proceedeth not rather from the South-west where the sea is widest and largest who may bee thus aunswered That the sunne with his naturall heate doth so temper and moderate the winds surges and waues vnder the South Clymates that there cannot arise such great tempestes For it is seene and prooued by daily experience in the Indian Nauigation that the sunne being high in the South Clymates doth make the weather calme and the waters smooth Contrarywise the sunne being in the North and North-west hath no such force but yeeldeth lesser heate which may bee the cause why the waues are alwayes troublesome North-westward and come rouling about all the sea coastes of Europe But I beleeue that a shippe farre from the shore and vnder sayle in the middest of the Northwest sea perceaueth no such matter But when you draw neare or about Nevv-found land you shall doubtlesse finde againe that the flouds and narrow seas within the land are stirred vp and flow from the north-North-east And this gentle Reader is my opinion hereof submitting my selfe to the better censure of other men But the secretes of Almighty God the onely creator and gouernor of all thinges are so incomprehensible and insearcheable although we behold the heauens the ayre the land seas that we are altogether vnable in respect of his omnipotencie or rather vnworthy to iudge or set downe any certaintie thereof but so farre as our indeuour and the compasse of our humaine wit giuen vs of God can naturally conceaue and no farther The rest we most humbly referre to his diuine maiestie vntill we are chaunged from this miserable and wretched life ⧠AN EXHORTATION TO the Apprentises of the Art of Nauigation THe first and chiefest way to attayne to the perfect skill and science of Nauigation is whensoeuer any Shipmaster or Mariner shall set foorth from land out of any Riuer or Hauen diligently to marke what buildings Castles Towers Churches Hils Bals Downes VVindmils or other marks are standing on the land All which or many of them let him pourtray with his penne how they beare and how farre distaunt but vppon the true and certeine poynts of the Compasse vppon which hee first set sayle and shaped his course whilest yet euery marke on the land may bee clearely and euidently perceaued to the end the true arising thereof may be the better had Hee must also very often cast the Lead that he may most exactly note in his Compt-booke how farre off all the shoalds and sands lie from the shoare In like manner must he proceed that descrieth and arriueth towards any other countrey to wit assoone as the arising and shew of the land be it high or low with the beakons and other markes may be plainely perceaued straightway must hee compare them all with those our Chartes and Tables And when the Coast is thus knowne eyther wholy or in parte then must hee warily and diligently indeuour to seeke out and finde the true depth and channell by certeine Marks Towers Churches Beakons c. which are found almost at euery port entrie cape or poynt and no lesse heedfully consider how his course lyeth inwardes and outwardes Any Mariner that will diligently and with vnderstanding practise these
N.E. and by E. From Derley to Cape de la Hague it falleth S.S.E. From Cape de la Hague to Aldernay N.E. In the Rasse of Blanquert it falleth N.E. From Dierley to the Caskets it falleth E. and w. From Garnsey to the Caskets it falleth a quarter of a tide East Southeast and the rest N.E. At the Sept Iles the flood falleth E. and by S. From the Sept Iles to S. Pol alongst the shoare E. by S. From S. Pol to the Fourne it falleth E. and by S. From the Fourne to S. Mathews poynct S. and by E. In the Bresont betweene Vshant and the Seames E.N.E. In the Ras of Fontenay the flood falleth thwart ouer the Rocke called the Emperesse and maketh a very great noyse and tumbling on the banke called the Calfe Furthermore vpon all the coastes of Poictou Gascoyne Biscay Gallicia Portugal and Spayne it falleth alwaies right of and on to and fro FOrasmuch as of late dayes many skilfull and experienced nauigators and shipmaisters haue most earnestly trauayled to finde out a sure and perfect way whereby with the help of some certayn signes or instruments aswell the Longitude of the place from East to West as the Altitude of the Pole betweene South and North might in sayling be secretly known yet haue brought nothing to light more then what long agoe was well knowne to our auncestors that is to say the vse of certaine instrumentes which in this thing are vncertayne though very good and perfect in that vse to the which they were first made and seeing that by them all there is not discouered any hidden way in the firmament by the which the Longitude of the place might certeinly be obserued and vsed I will not at this time make any mention thereof but deferre it till a fitter and more commodious time that I may then discouer to all men what I know therein Wherefore I would intreate all those that happily might finde this strange in a matter of such weight and importance not to be greeued thereat but paciently expect that which remaineth An exact description of the depths and soundings neere the diuers prouinces of our nauigation and first of Gascoigne Poictou and Brittayn WIthout Garumna the riuer of Bourdeaux there is 14. fatham depth but when you come within sight of Cordam tower but 30. fatham Ouer against the coast of Poictou 16. leagues without Oleron you haue 25. fath depth but comming neere the land of Poictou 8. leagues from the shoare you haue 35. fatham In the channell betweene Porthuis and Heys it is 30. fatham deepe and asmuch in the channell of Heys as also betweene Heys and Belile is the same depth VVithout the channell it is 35. fatham deepe but within are 25. fatham onely without Heys two Kenninges off there is found 45. fatham 22. Leagues Southwardes of Belile you haue 70. fatham but nyne leagues from the Northwest point of that Island towardes the Southwest is 60. fatham depth And ouer against the midst of Belile in 40. fatham depth you shall see land In your course betweene Belile and the Seems you may come no neere then 50. or 45. fatham If you sayle from Belile west and by North when you are against Gloyland you shall finde 60. fatham depth without and within the rocke which standes off Gloyland to the seawardes you haue 40. fatham water In 65. fatham depth without the west Penmarques you may saile Northwest and by west without the Seems but by night come no neerer then in 55. fatham for the ground is grosse and red sand full of round flints halfe a league west Southwest of the Seems is a ledge of rocks where you haue 7. fatham depth but betweene the Seems and the rocks there is 50. fatham water In the chanell betweene the Seems Heissand called Vshant you haue 55. fath depth the ground is grosse red sand mingled with little round stones red and black neere to Vshant there is 45. fatham but within it is of an vnequall and variable depth Southwestwardes almost six leagues off Vshant you haue 70. fatham and the ground is fine white sand mingled with litle white shelles and other small thinges like needles and then is Vshant East from you but if the sand be grosse and white mingled with great and white shels then is it Southeast to you But if you doubt of these grounds go Northerly if your sound be deeper then you are towardes the Seems if not so deepe then are you in the chanell almost North of Vshant Betweene vshant and Obeurac in the trade it is 60. fatham deepe betweene vshant and the Isles of Silly or sorlinges in the midst of the chanell there is 70. fatham depth If you sayle betweene the Seems and Vshant in 70. fatham water the ground will be of little blacke stones easie to be broken and of yellow earth or clay but if you finde red and hard sand goe Northward till you happen on white sand mingled with long strakes and then without doubt you sayle in the channell If setting from Cizarga you sayle N. northeastward in the Spanish seas towardes Vshant and finde your selfe in 80. fatham ye are 14. or 15. leagues off Vshant but comming neerer you shall haue 70. fatham water and be 10. leagues distant of Vshant But if you find the ground to be yellow shels little black stones then are you towards the Seems wherefore you must with the tide beare off northward to shunne Vshant vntill you finde white sand and thinges like needles for such are the groundes of the channell Betweene Vshant and the I le Base when you sayle at 4. fatham water you are 4. leagues off the shoare but by night come no neerer then 25. fatham when you are two leagues off Obcurac you shall finde 25. fatham depth but 8. leagues off the Sept Ilandes you haue 55. fatham A league without the rockes of Obeurac there is a blind or hidden rocke So that if you are to sayle vpon a boord betweene the Fourns and Obeurac come no neere that blinde rocke then 40. fatham but Eastwardes you may sayle in 30. or 25. fatham If a ship sayling west Southwest and Southwest and by west of the Isles of Sylly or Sorlinges at 80. fatham water be found by the crossestaffe or the Astrolabe to be vnder 49. degrees and 15. minutes of Altitude she is 26. leagues from land and must goe East and by North till she get 66. fatham water For then certeinly she is in the chanell betweene the Isles of Sylly and Vshant and then if she be bound for England she must sayle more Northward and betweene the lands end and the Lilard she shall haue 55. fatham depth A diligent description of the soundinges and groundes betweene Ireland England and Normandy THree leagues without the Iles of Dorsey vnder Ireland it is 45. fatham deepe In the chanell betweene Dorsey and Cape cleere is 42. or 43. fatham The chanell from Cape Cleere to the
trust to these measures At the North Hooke of Texel land may be seene at 16. fatham depth Holland is seene at 14. or 15. fath water when you sayle within the shoald called the breede Veerthiene which beginneth at the Northwest of Harlem and stretcheth alongst the coast of Holland to the west ende of Vliland and is 7. or 8. leagues distant from the shoare The soundinges and groundes of Iutland neere the poynt of the Cimbrians commonly called Schagen or Schaw A Great league west and by North from the schavv is 35. fatham depth North northeast a great league of the corner of this poynt is found 38. fatham depth And when the poynt is northwest from you then you haue 17. fatham water Betweene this poynt and Lesou the chanell is 20. fath deep and the ground like clay or dirt Betwixt Anhout and VVaersberg in the middest of the Channell is 22. fatham water Betweene Lesou and Anhout the ground is firme and stony neere VVaersbergh is a shoald of 17. fatham depth Betweene Anhout and Col is another shoald of 17. fatham where sometimes it is troublesome like a whirepoole The depths and grounds of the Balthic or Easterne seas BEtweene Oeland and Gothland the soundinges are vnequall sometimes of 20. sometimes of 23. fath the ground of blacke and stony grosse sand like vnto Peas VVhen the South end of Oeland is two leagues distant from you westwardes you haue 27. fatham water where also you may commodiously gage water But when the chappell in Sudernoorden beareth west Northwest off you then haue you 31. fatham depth and ground fit to gage water Ouer against the rocke in the faire way is 52. fatham and a claye ground but fit for gaging Betweene the greater and lesser Carla you haue 14. fath depth vnder which is safe road for ships There is a shoald betweene Houburg Ostergard contayning 24. fath depth the ground is great red sand but hardly from thence can you ken Gothland out of the top There is also to the Eastward another shoald of 36. fath depth which when you are past you haue more then 40. fatham water VVhen the poynt of Righ is 3. leagues Southeast from you then haue you 30. fatham depth but when it is from you halfe a league South south-easterly you haue 15. fatham the ground is white sand But when it beareth west a small league from you then you shall finde 16. fatham water Ouer against Heel halfe a league from the shoare it is almost 32. fatham deepe The roade for shippes at Heel hath 25. fatham depth Betweene Moane and Falsterborn is 14. fatham depth Betweene sted and Falsterborn in the very chanell it is but 12. fath deepe neere Falsterborn it is full of shoaldes but neere Sted you haue 13. fatham water Betweene Drakerriff and Southolmen which is more shoaldie there is 5. fatham depth wanting two foote From thence towardes the Sound it is sometime deeper as 6. 7. 8. 9. or 10. fatham A DESCRIPTION AND POVRTRAICT OF THE GREATEST PARTE OF THE SEACOASTES OF EVROPE FOr asmuch as these particular Sea Chartes which I haue set foorth of the Westerne Eastern and Northern Nauigation with the rest which I hope hereafter at the first opportunitie to publish haue their originall and beginnyng from this generall Charte of the Sea Coasts of Europe wherin you may playnly perceaue how the particular Countries are annexed and ioyned eache to other and euery one of them in his right place distance poynt of compas degrees minutes c. I haue therefore thought necessary to place this generall table or pourtraict at the very beginnyng of this booke before all the rest to th' end you may thereby the better seeke and finde out the particulars obseruynge th' order and methode of this booke Thinkynge it needelesse to make any larger discourse thereof for the vse of Saylyng Consideryng that the particular descriptions with their Charts being taken out of this generall and enlarged do very sufficiētly teache shew bothe the countries themselues their commodities so they be rightly examined accordyng to the true art of Nauigation employinge therewithall such necessarie instruments as appertayne therevnto A SHORTE INSTRVCTION OF THE FORME AND fashion of Buyes Beakons and other markes c. which are set for Shoaldes Sandes or hidden Rockes as they are marked in the particular Chartes of the Fliestreame Eemse Weeser the Elue Meersdiep and the Mase VPpon all the Riuers and Streames of Holland Friesland and Zeland the Buyes at the vpper ende are rounde and great and at the lower end small and sharpe like vnto this marke 1 being made blacke with Pitche or Tar lying for the moste parte vppon the right hande in Saylinge out on the lefthand in commyng in And on th' other side for sandes flats shoaldes do commonly stand the Beakons and other higher and more apparant marks made of Oasyers after this manner 2 that they may bee the farther of perceaued And where there is danger of poincts of Rockes Sandes shoaldes that stande out there are that you may shunne them white Tunnes or Buyes made after this fashion which do alwayes he vpon the contrary side of the foresaid black buyes The eye markes whereby you may assuredly finde these buyes and other markes are sufficiētly declared in the description before eache Charte But you must vnderstand that the Buyes and markes are herein noted as they weare Anno. 1582. Moreouer because the depthes and channels of the Riuers do yerely shift and chaunge their places both by reason of the vncertaintie and instabilitie of the sandie groundes and for that the entringes and mouthes of the Riuers do dayly waxe wider broder therfore these streames are to be tried by soundyng and to be sayled in with skilfull and experienced Pilots maisters The lande markes placed at the entries of Riuers I haue for streightnes of roome marked thus But where there is false roade grounde fit for Ankering I haue set downe this forme of an Anker The Figures which are placed in al Hauēs Riuers Streames Channels aswell in the mayne sea as elswhere vpō al the shoaldes Sandes Rockes do signifie the depth of the places as 1. 2. 3. 10. 12. Fatham so forth which is alwaies to be vnderstoode at half flood or ebbe The litle Crosses marked in this manner †alonge the Coastes neare Islandes and elswhere betoken hidden and daungerous Rockes of which you must carefully beware And where the double crosses are there lye greater Rockes couered with the water These markes in the Chartes are made thus A Generall Carde discription of the Sea Coastes of Europa and nauigation in this booke conteyned Semper eadem HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE SPQR Judocus Hondius fe A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE VLIE AND THE MARSDEEP TWO OF the notablest Riuers of all Holland from the Northern vnto the Southerne sea HE that will sayle from the North sea vp to Amsterdam or
OF ALDERNEY GARNZEY AND IERZEY AND THE QVASKETTES CALLED the Kaskets together with all the coasts rocks and shoalds lying thereabouts both within and without FEcam beareth westward from Deepe 7. leagues and is a bard hauen Beyond it lieth the point of Strusard from whence you may sayle to Seyne head S. S. W. Newhauen called Hable-neuf standeth inwarde from thence halfe a league where you may anker to stay for the tide and sayle vp the Seyne to Roane so that before the tide be vnbent you passe ouer the first traues or Drybancks and the way from Newhauen to Honfleur lieth S. E. But you must sayle along the south shoare because the north side of the riuer to Quillebeuf is ful of shoaldes and then are you thorow the first traues But you must be very heedfull of that strong spring of the Sea called the Barre or beare in which the tide setteth so violently and swiftly that a ship can scarse be kept vp with all her ankers and cables But all this reach is to be sounded Southwest of Seyne head lyeth a banke of three fatham and before the dike of Cadom called the Fosse of Caen there are bankes which you may sayle round abouts by the channell of Caen which is a bard hauen Six leagues or thereaboutes towardes the west standeth the Cape of Cherbourge where for a rough northwest winde is good harbour there lye sands ouerthwart the bay which at low water haue but two fatham depth Agaynst a north and northwest winde you may safely anker vnder Alderney by the little bard hauen in a sandy bay hard abourd the shoare where it is 7. or 8. fatham deepe If you will enter the race of Blancquerd you may runne in eyther in the midst of the channell or at your discretion betweene the cape of Haghe and Alderney for you may borow the north shoare alongst vpon 10. or 12. fatham vntill you are past the Sans which is a row or ledge of hidden rockes to be left on the starreboord there cast anker in the channell at 7. or 8. fatham and against the broad tower The race of Blanquerd reacheth inwardly south and by east and south south east But if you will sayle on the backside of the great Isle of Iersey you must crosse ouer and anker vnder the same where you please for in euery place thereaboutes is good ground And there is an other safe road for ships vnder the main of Sainct Malo called Conkall you may sayle into the same both by East and west before it lieth a ledge of rockes aboue water The bay is great and the harbour safe hauing at lowe water 4. or 5. fatham From this roade you may descrie the Isle of Ierzey right ouer against the same almost 5. dutch myles off But if by reason of a northwest tempest you are driuen to seeke safe ankering vnder Garnezcy or elswhere you must set for Garnezcy or the little Isle of Arme auoyding on the west side the great rockes of the Quasquettes called the Kaskets sayling south and by east vntil the castle which standeth in the sea be brought to the south poynt of Garnezcy Then saile betweene the greater and the lesser Island where you may anker by south or by north from the castle where you please in 7. or 8 fathams But if you will anker at the south side of the sayd Island beare aloofe to sea-ward from the outmost poynt of the land because all that shoare is full of rockes after you haue doubled that poynt you may anker at 12. or 14. fatham you may goe out againe Eastward betweene the Isles Arme and Sarke or seeke there for roade as you list Sarke standeth from the Cape of the Haghe or the trade of Alderney 6. dutch leagues south and by west Although these Islandes lye neere the coastes of Fraunce they are notwithstanding subiect to the Crowne and gouernement of England their trade is little or nothing at all and therefore vnknowne to vs. A CARDE of parte of the Sea Coastes of Normandie and Britānie with the Islands adioyninge A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEEN S. MALO AND BEYOND THE PORTE OF ROSCOVV IF you come from the Westerne sea and seeke harbour vnder Garnezey you must sayle in by the south shore of the lande and may Anker in the Channell at 20. or 25. Fatham neare to the sharpe tower or els where at your pleasure Ierzey standeth from Garnezey southeast almost 5. dutch leagues where is also safe roade for shippes S. Malo is distant from Ierzey 8. leagues towardes the south and is a bard hauen at the entrie whereof are rockes betweene which you must sayle into the riuer and cast anker before the citie at 5. or 6. fatham And there lyeth a bancke westward two or three dutch leagues from the towne vnder which there is safe roade in 5. fatham water There is also an Island called Brybac standing from thence three dutch leagues which you may sayle round about and cast Anker where you will And 2. leagues from thence there is a riuer called Lantrilliers which hath many rockes and shoaldes on the west side From thence stand the sept Isles distant two dutch leagues within which lieth white hauen called Port blanc of 6. or 7. fatham Those Islandes may be sayled round about There lieth a shoald called Octobers northwest from the west point of the sayd Island about a league and a halfe of the shoare Vlisshauen called Green Island is scituated a dutche league westwarde which may on both sides be entered and is a most safe hauen for all wether The Riuer of Morlays lieth fiue dutche leagues from the sept Isles and is a bard hauen you may anker amongst the rockes at 5. fatham in the Channell Two dutche leagues from that place standeth an Islande commonly called Taureau by which you may saile into the Riuer of S. Paul de Lyon which without is full of rockes but within them you may anker at 6. or 7. fatham There lieth an Isle called Ysle de bas 2. dutch leagues distante from thence you may sayle in on both sides of it to the Channell or Road of Roscou which containeth 7. or 8. fatham both on the east and west side Obcurac beareth from Roscou 5. leagues hauing many white sandy bayes alongest the shoare which are most certaine markes of that coast The Inhabitantes of these countries haue great entercourse and traffique with the Portugalles viz. of wheate Rie linnen Cloth and other lyke grosse marcchaundizes THE SHEWING OR APPEARING of the Sea coastes of Britaine euē as they open and shewe betwene S. Malo and Roscou A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF CONQVET BREST AND FONTENEAV THE WONDERFVL COASTES OF BRITANY A Dutch league Eastward of the Cape of Gobe called Les Fours or the Fourn there are many blacke rockes lieng alongst the coast which our sea-men call the Backouens and within the same are manie little white sandie bayes The land is also somewhat low and bewtified
inwardes South and by East after you are in you may turne vp Eastward where you haue 4. or 6. fatham water on the South-side of the hauen lieth an Island where standeth a light tower which you must set South and by East from you as you sayle in where it is 3. fatham deepe Machichaco a good hauen lyeth fiue leagues from Bilbao west south west and Southwest by west which from the west side stretcheth inwards Southest and by East in 8. or 9 fatham In the middest of the entry you shall finde a rocke which you must leaue on the Larbord side you may also sayle in at the East side of the rocke but there you haue but 3. fatham From the entrie the hauen is wide and broad and you may anker in any place of the channell at 8. or 9. fatham Castro beareth three leagues westward from Machichaco stretcheth inward westerly In the midst of the entry standeth a rock almost south-west which you may sayle round about in 6. or 7. fatham The streightnesse beareth vp Southerly you may turne in towardes the East and cast anker in the channell at 10. or 12. fatham These portes yeeld Rosin Chessenuttes Iron wooll Orenges Filbberdnuttes and steele which are their trades A CARDE OF THE SEA COASTES of Acason Biscay with their hauens and opening of their landes hills and Mountaynes * A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEENE Laredo and Sentillana LAredo beareth westward from Castro fiue Dutche leagues To enter the bay set S. Anthonies hill South East from you and hale along S. Anthonies shore vntill you are cleare of the East poynt of the land Then turne vp Eastward vntill you come to Laredo where you may lay out anker in 6. or 7. fatham But if you will beare into the hauen within the two walles you must doe it at highe water for it is a port for barkes and vessels of small burden There lieth a shoald amiddest the entrie of the hauen wheare it is alwayes very troublesome and may be sayld about S. Ander lieth foure Dutch leagues from S. Anthonies mount hale along the west shoare vntill you come to the great rocke whereon standeth a little house on eyther side whereof you may saile in S. Anders hauen stretcheth in from the entrance Northwest and hath 6. or 7. fatham water Foure Dutch leagues from S. Ander lieth S. Martyns It is very narrow as you come in and a bard hauen and parteth it selfe inwardes into two litle streames Fiue dutch leagues by west of S. Martyns standeth S. Vincents whose hauen also is bard and hath a Rocke standinge westward of the entree and a little fillet or riffe of sand from the East poyncte you must sayle in betweene this sande and the rocke where it is narrow but within it is a round hauen mayntained by a little riuer Three Dutch leagues westward lyeth Lhanes likewise a bard hauen on the East side of which lyeth a banke sayle in on the west side of it there is likewise a little riuer In these countries is great store of wooll Iron Chesse-nuttes Orenges Steele and Rosin of all which thinges there is great traffique THE SEA COASTES of Byscuy betweene Laredo and 〈◊〉 euen as they shew when you pass before them A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEENE Rio de Sella and Auiles SIx Dutch leagues Westward of L'hanes lieth Rio de Sella If you will enter the hauen marke the maste which standeth vpon the Easterne shoare neere which you must enter because the west side is rockie and daungerous inwardes And being past the mast anker before the towne it is a bard hauen Villa viciosa beareth 10. Dutch leagues westward of Rio de Sella you must come in by the westerne shoare because the Easterne is slat and perillous Right within the mouthe of the hauen you shall finde a little shoald which appeareth at a lowe ebbe this is likewise a bard hauen The towne standeth on the west side whither you may sayle anker in the largest place Six leagues from Villa viciosa westward lieth Sanpsons cape and on the East side therof standeth a little Island with a small tower betweene these two is goodharborough and faire ground to anker in at 6. or 7. fatham on the westside of Sanpson euen right before the litle porte is likewise good riding in 6. or 7. fatham VVestward of Sanpson lieth Gyon hauing a peere of stone vnder which Th' inhabitantes doe lay their fisher boates A good Dutch mile from thence westward is the bay of Tores where is safe harbarough and 8. or 9. fatham water On the cape standeth an high tower Two leagues farther westward lyeth Cape de Pennas from whence a rewe of rockes stretcheth out into the sea Two leagues from thence standeth Auiles the best porte of all these coastes On the Eastside therof is a chapple neare vnto the point you must passe vntill you are within two rockes where it is wide and broad By the west poynt there runneth vp a little sandy riffe along the shoare reaching inwardes by the hauen towardes the towne where it is very shoaldie on both sides and on the westside of the hauen lie two great rocks right against the little Church that standeth by the sandy bay There is in these coastes farre greater plentie and store of fruits wines and other good marchandises than is in Biscay The Mappe of the Sea Coastes of Biscay betweene Rio de Sella Auiles verie naughty hauens for great shippes Iodocus Hondiusfe A DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF RIBA DEOS BIVIERO AND LVARCA FRom Auiles vnto Luarca are six dutch leagues South-west and by west it is an hauen for small ships and stretcheth Southeast inwards the Eastside is dangerous but the west is good and faire Riba Deos beareth Southwest and by west from Luarca and is a good hauen for all ships westward of it standeth a sharpe steeple and a little from thence into the sea lieth a hidden rocke when you enter the mouth of the hauen two other Towers come in sight at the west side of the hauen the one on high the other below nigh the shoare Then conde thorow the very middest of the channell vntill you come against the second or farthest tower within the hauen where you may anker on both sides at your pleasure But the west side is deeper contayning 4. 5. or 6. fatham euen vp to Riba Deos which standeth vpon a great bay The Cape of Brilo is six leagues Northwest from Riba Deos. westward from this cape standeth S. Ciprian ouer agaynst which lie two great round rockes A league thence westward standeth an Island thwart the mouth of the hauen of Biuiero which you may sayle about on both sides yet best roming in is on the west side where being cleere of the poynt you may anker at 6. or 7. fatham Two leagues to the west of S. Ciprian is S. Marks roade which is a faire bay Two leagues from thence is a
little hauen called Quirins which on the west side is full of rockes but on the East side faire and good to enter at Three leagues from Quirin lieth the Cape of Ortegall where also standeth a Castle neere which you haue safe roade for a west and a Southwest wind This countrey yeeldeth great plentie of the best wynes of Ribadeos aswell red as claret and likewise aboundance of Orenges Apples Peares Chessenuttes and other fruites all which are both comfortable and wholsome for mans body THE SEA COASTES of Gallicia from Cape of Auiles vnto Ortegal A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF CORVNNA CALLED THE GROYNE FEROLES and Monsej the cheefest portes of Gallicia THe hauen of Siguera beareth three dutche leagues South westward from Ortegall it stretcheth inward South east and is a good Porte the Southside thereof hath a low point and is good but the Northside is all rockie and fowle gound You must anker before you come to the village of Siguera Foure dutche leagues westwarde from thence lieth Cape de Prior which reacheth out into the sea Two dutch leagues farther southward you haue the hauen of Feroles vpon the northside therof are 2. or 3. sandie Bayes of which the most Southerly is the greatest whervpon do stande a house or two when you are come nigh the house then appeareth vnto you somewhat Southerly the hauen of Feroles where you may sayle in at the middest of the water and beynge cleare of the North corner geuynge it a little bieth anker in the Channell at 12. fatham for before the village it self it is flat and rockie The south poynt of Feroles stretcheth far outward and is full of rockes you may set out from Feroles to Corunna South and South and by East vntill you be somwhat within the towre which standeth vpon a round Hill or Cliffe Then shall you see on the starborde side a litle Island wherein standeth a litle Church called S. Blase hale alonge a Cables length of it and anker before the towne at 6. or 7. fatham If you will runne into the Channell of Coruna from the Island Cyzarga called by the Fleminges Caesarea you must shape your course East south east about 5. leagues vntill you are within sight of the towre which standeth on the west coast of the lande for then shall you keepe 4. or 5. Cables length of the shore and may holde on your course in the Chanel right South east 4. or 5. leagues and beinge past Corunna may cast anker at Fontenne or Pytance on the west side vnder a rew of Rockes at 10. or 12. fatham water And ouer agaynst Corunna East north east standeth a cittie called Puente de Mas where you may also anker at 10. or 12. fatham There haue you likewise on the northside a rew of Rockes and ouer the Riuer a great Bridge There lieth an Hauen called Queres South south west and South and by west of the Island Cyzarga whose entrie is fayre after you are entred you must turne in westward a great half league and may anker there at 8. or 9. fatham in the channell Seuen dutch leagues westward of Cyzarga lieth the east poynt of Monsei or C. de Bellem neare which you may sayle to Monsei South south east and Southeast and by south If you wil come in thither from the west keepe the cape of Corrian called the Groyne without Cape de conde two ships lengths vntil you may see Marikerke which stands on the westside cleare without Monsei poynt Continue your course towardes Marykerke through the channel south east and anker behinde the Rokes before the towne at 8. or 9. fatham Yet shall you not saile into Monsei before Marykerke be seene without the poynt of Monsei There you may likewise anker on the Northside of the hauen at 6. or 7. fatham On the Southside of the towne of Monsei there is a Bay before which lieth a shoald East north east about two cables length thwart the hauen Marykerke lieth from Monsei North and by East but it lieth East North east from the Shingles VVhen you come from Sea if Marykerke be from you South east you may enter at the west side of the rockes the rocks lie from Monsei South west and by south but the inner end of the rockes beareth South and by west The Cape de Finisterre and Monte Lauro lie from eache other South east and North west and the Rockes betwixt them beare South south east There is a Bay betweene the Capes of Finisterre and Corrian where eastward of the great Rocke you may anker before the sandie Bay at 6. or 7. fatham A litle dutch league to the Eastward of Finisterre beareth the hauen of Corcouia which the Fleminges call Corco baiona It stretcheth inwards to the North where you may cast anker in the channel at the sandy Bay in 8. or 9. Fatham These Coastes or Portes do yelde like Marchandises and Fruites as the aforesayd coastes of Riba deos c. They take besides at certaine seasons euery yeare a wonderfull great quantitie of whales to their great profit and commoditie The mappe ' of the sea coastes of Galicia and of Octugall Vntill you bee paste the Cape of Finisterre Euen as it is scituated and as it appeereth When you comme sailinge alongst Out of the Spannishe Sea A TRVE DECLARATION OF THE SEA COASTES OF GALLITIA FROM the Cape de Finisterre beyonde Camino IF you will sayle into Muros or Moores set Montelauro called Mounteluer Northeast and by East from you holde then on towardes Montelauro and you shall go cleare of the Rockes that he on both sides but borow most of the south side because that is the salfest But when you come neare Montelauro you shall see many high Rockes which you must leaue on the larebord side three cables length and so go in South south east of Montelauro you haue a blinde Rocke in the middest of the Channell which you must leaue on the starbord side But when the Towne that lieth in Northwards of Montelauro cometh full open vnto you then are you past this blinde Rocke which lieth South and by East somwhat more Easterly of the East ende of the towne You must shunne the first poynt within Montelauro two Cables length of and hauyng past the other poynt beare in Northwardes to the towne which is on the starbord side The citie Muros standeth on the west side of the hauen where you may anker at .12 or .13 fatham But if you will enter the Riuer of Roxo you must set Southwarde without the cape of Muros for there are many rockes stretching out into the sea on the Northside of the hauen of Roxo which you cannot saile between VVherefore holde on till you be south of the great rocke and hauing left all the rockes on your Larebordside or to the seawards continue your course between the firme lande and the rocke vntill you may see the hauen open before you Then must you passe vp in the middest of
the channell vnto the Island Roxo and there anker where you please But on the Southside are 2. or 3. bayes where is good anker holde If you will go to Puente Vedra set in on the Southside of the Isle Blidedones which is a very flat land lying in lēgth East north east about two dutch leagues then shall you come to a little Island in the middest of the Hauen which you shall leaue on the Larboorde To the Southward of it you may perceaue a towre on the mayne lande before which you must sayle and anker at 7. or 8. fatham Foure dutch leagues from Puente vedra lie the Islandes of Bayon which to such as come out of the sea shew like gray rockes or cliffes If you will go in at the North-side your course lieth in midde water betweene these Islandes and the mayne lande vntill the channell of Cannas or Cangas and Vigo be opened vnto you then go Eastwarde in The Hauen is fayre and large you may ride on both sides either before Vigo or Cangas and may likewise go farther in beyonde the South poynte to Rondello where both shippe and lading may be salfe in the Oase without cable or anker But if you will sayle in by the south Island of Bayone your course lieth in the middest of the channell between the sayd Island and the mayne land vntill you are cleare of the poynt of Bayon Then set towards the East poynt of Boyon wherevpon standeth a castle afterwards turne southwarde behinde the Castle to the cittie where you may anker at 6. or 7. fatham You may also crosse ouer thence to Vigo betwixt the poynte and the Islande or Rocke that lieth in the other side of the hauen at 3. or 4. fatham But if you will sayle from the southermost Islande to Vigo or Cangas holde on two leagues Northeast vntill you may see thorough between the mayne and the North Island and that the cittie of Cangas appeare without the corner which is on the North side of the hauen Then ariseth a low point on the starboord side holde on in the middest of the channell between the sayd point the North land where you may anker in what place you please both on the Southside before Vigo and on the North side before Cangas in 12. or 13. fatham These countries and portes yeld great aboundance of Orenges Chestnuts and very small wines And thither is carried great quantitie of Corne to the great benefit and behoofe of many Marchaunts and Marriners A DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF Galicia beginning from Cap de finisterre Vnto Camino Dōne According Vnto the true Situation appearing Thereof * 1588 * A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COSTES OF THE NORTH PART of Portugale viz. from Viana to cape de Montego ABout three dutch leagues to the Southward of Bayone standeth a monastery vpon the strand Fiue Dutch leagues from hence is the riuer of Viana called Rio de Lymas at the entry wherof lyeth a notable ledge of rocks That you may goe cleare of the same hold on still Southward vntill the two fire or watch Towers which stand vpon South-land be brought in one For by these markes you may hale along the shoare in 4. or 5. fatham vntill the two houses and the little steeple which you see vpon the Northside of the land be brought together Then hold on so alongest the shoare on the East side of the rocke whereon standeth a mast vntil the riuer lie open before you Then saile inwards on the South side of the second rocke whereon also standeth a maste Then crossing vp Northward to Viana anker at 7. or 8. fatham In the very entrie lieth a barre whereon is two fatham water Fiue Dutch leagues South of Viana standeth Villa del Conde and at the entrie of that hauen are many rockes rounde about which you may safely passe in 5. or 6. fatham depth Farther inward lieth a barre or a shoald thwarting all the mouth of the hauen and hath 2. fatham water the deepest place in all the hauen is not aboue 3. or 4. fatham but the best depth is to the Southward It is a bard hauen and in the North part full of rockes and sandes Three leagues Southward of Villa del Conde lie the great high rockes of Lesons halfe a league to the Northward of the riuer of Port de Port called Rio Duero betwixt which rockes and the mayne you may saile in on both sides and there ride at 6. or 7. fatham for the ground is very good for ankering There lieth a rocke vnder water halfe a league Southwest of the west corner of the said rocks The porte of Metellyn lieth within the foresaid high rockes being a bard hauen of 2. fatham A league Southward of Lesons rockes lieth the Riuer Port de Port. into which you must hale on the Northside keeping all the rockes Northward of the riuer and saile along the South shoare East and by North vntill you are cleare of the rocke whereon standeth a crosse then fare you forward in the middest of the riuer to the citie Port de port Inwardes it is 10. or 12. fatham but the entrie is onely 3. or 4. fatham deepe at halfe floud You may enter likewise on the South side along the shoare where at high water there is 3. fatham From Port de port to Aueiro is 8. leagues all the coast alongst the shoare is downes About the mouth of Aueiro are ragged downes and may hale along the strand at 10. or 12. fatham when the high blacke hill within the land beareth East and by South from you then are you in the entrie and right before Aueiro riuer when you are come in 6. or 7. fatham water you shall see three mastes standing vpon the shoare which you must keepe togither bearing inwardes East and by South and East South east vntill you come neare the shoare where these mastes stand by the sand bancks Then set Northward and holding on neare the North shoare leaue all the flattes on the starreboord vntill you haue the riuer open before you Then turne in againe East South east vp to Aueiro in the middest of the channell betwene both the coasts At the entrance vpon the shoald at halfe floud you haue but 2. fatham vntill you are within it where you haue 5. or 6. fatham depth Fiue Dutch leagues Southward of Aueiro beareth the Cape de Montego and a eague to the Southward of that Cape lieth the bard hauen Pisage halfe a league to the westward from thence in the sea lieth a bancke conteining 6. fatham water vnder which you may ride at 12. or 13. fatham Vnder the Burlynges which are pourtraied in the next Table you may cast anker at 10. fatham right against the Hermitage where you haue very faire ground These countries yeeld store of wines Oringes Oyle and Oliues and much good Salte is carried from Aueiro But the citie of port de port is the chiefest Towne of traffique in all these
coastes THE SEA COASTES OF Portugal betwene Camino Montego eueÌ„ as the Countrie there aboutes is lying and situated with all the hauens thereof Exactly doÌ„ne and corected with great dilligence A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF THE MOST notable part of Portugall viz. from the Burlinges to beyond Sainct Vues THe Cape of Roxent beareth 12. leagues South and by East and South south-east from the Burlings About a league to the Eastward of Roxent lieth the Roade called Cascals where against a North wind you may anker at 10. or 12. fatham If you wil from Cascals into the riuer of Lysbone hale along the north shore bearing a loofe from the first blacke poynte about a cables length Then go towards S. Gyles poynt a quarter of a Cables length of it but take heed you enter not in a calme and a low ebbe because the tide setteth strongly vpon the northern shoalde called the north Malechopos or Katchupps when you are within S. Gyles beare alongest the North shoare vntil you are past the castell called Restiers or Rastels and anker at 12. or 13. fatham before the Towne called Bolin But if you will sayle in the channell called the Craeck deepe or great deepe of Lisbone set the west poynt of Roxent right against Cas-cals vntill the abbey which standeth vpon the hill westward of Restiers aunswereth to the little tower which beareth Northwardes vpon the land Then goe so towardes the Abbey of S. Katherynes almost North-east and North-east and by East vntill on your Larbord side you haue two third partes of the riuer Continue then your course towards Restiers vntill you are past the castell where you may anker at your pleasure But if through the Craicke deepe you will turne in or out vpon a board bring the said little Tower two mastes length westward and the like distance to the northward of the sayd Abbey and euery time when you haue brought your markes after this sort turne the shippe vntill you come to S. Katherynes bay But if you will set towardes the Bankes of S. Vues or S. Toous keepe the first poynt lying to the westward of Zizembre a shippes length without the point that beareth Eastward of it vntill you see a white house appeare ouer agaynst the castell that standes on the shoare Then may you discouer the castell of Palmedo in a great valley keepe these markes after this maner and goe North Northeast and North-east and by North vntill you are past the aforesayde castell on the shoare And from thence hale along that shoare at a cables length to S. Vues In the banks of S. Vues lie 7. shoaldes or barres which at full sea haue 4. fatham water On the South-side these bankes are drie and doe for the moste part shewe aboue water The entrie along the South coastes is onely for Barks and small vessels anker neare the citie of S. Vues at 6. or 7. fatham In this part of Portugall is so great trade and varietie of traffique that it is hardly to be matched in all Europe For there is great plentie of all kinde of spices suger siluer golde wine oyle salt Iuory cochenille brasill and innumerable other kinds of marchandises that are brought thither out of the Indies and from thence transported and dispersed throughout all Europe THE SEA MAPPE OF Pâ—â—â—ugal wherein are situated the most famous marâ— towne of Lisbone St vues with their Riuers and coastes as they show when you saiell vp and downe them A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF ALGARBES the Southern part of Portugall AT the Cape of S. Vincent you haue salfe harborow for a North and Northwest winde Two leagues from Lagos lieth a great rock vnder water and a great league Southward from Villa Noua whether if yee will goe bring the tower and the mast standing vpon the East land togither and holde alonge the shoare vntil you are past the tower then beare in Northward till you come before the citie of Villa Noua where on the South side you haue a great drie bancke at the entrie or mouth is onely 2. fatham water at half floud and the north side is ful of bancks and shoaldes About 6. leagues Eastward beareth the citie Faraon where vpon the shoare standeth a light tower from the corner whereof lieth out a banck which you must auoyd Go in on the East side setting the tower on the Larbord the shoare of Tauilas on the starrebord side Foure leagues Northward of Faraon lieth Tauilas the entrance is crooked and full of shoalds which you must passe by obseruyng the shoare markes beacons and other signes before you may enter At halfe floud you haue there not aboue 10. or 12. foote depth euery yere the channell shifteth Foure leagues from thence Northward lieth Aimont a good hauen and you may beare right in from the sea or may enter by the Eastside hard abord the shoare within it is wide and broade you may turne to Castro-Marin or Aimont where you may anker at 5. or 6. fatham as you shall thinke best Fiue leagues further Eastward you haue the channell of L'epe which doth chaunge almost euery yeare Two leagues Eastward from thence lieth the entrie of S. Michael where you may come directly in from the sea then from S. Michaels with litle barkes you may passe the shoaldes to L'epe or Cartaya where you may take in the good Bastard wine These Hauens doe yeeld figges oyle corke and wines there is also great store of fish taken at Lagos which is carried thorough the straightes of Gibraltar sold and distributed among the most part of the townes of the Leuant A Description of the Sea Coastes of the land of Algarbe and a parte of the Condado with their shew opening A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES AND HAVENS OF ANDALVZIA SAltees beareth 4. leagues Eastward from S. Michaell you may saile by it to the great Condado and may goe in by the west entrance and keepe Guelua which we call the Vuoolfe ouer the Easterne point of the hauen bearing inwardes to Saltees But if you will enter by the land side then must you beare in with the west ende of the white cliffe hale then a cables length off alongest the shoare by the great tree that standeth westward of the cliffe keepyng still the point of the hauen right ouer against the Tower of Odier vntill you are cleare of the Island Then set Northward to Palos where you may anker at 5. or 6. fatham Saltees lieth 8. leagues from Chipiona South-east you may heere enter the riuer of S. Lucar de Barrameda called Guadalgueuir two cables length from the shoare and when you are cleare of the second shoalde giue it a birth of the South shoare vntill the Abbey and the great tree are one then holde on to S. Lucyfers Church commonly called S. Lucar de Barrameda To get the true depth and channell of the riuer set the said great tree right ouer the East-end
of the Abbey and so may you enter or goe forth But when Chipiona beareth South Southwest from you and the castell and tower are one then are you neare the first blinde rocke or shoalde The markes of the rocke that lieth in the entrance of S. Lucars channell are when the windmill and the white Frierie are brought togither on the East-side of S. Lucar for then should you by sayling forwardes strike vpon the rocke wherefore keepe the windmill fiue foote distant Northward of the Abbey and then shall you enter in the best of the channell which at halfe tide is 4. fatham deepe within it is wide and broade anker there at 10. or 12. fatham before the little Church which standeth on the North shoare Calis-malis lyeth South-east from Chipiona 7. leagues there haue you the entrie wide broad You may sayle in about two cables length of the Puercos which lie about half a league from the North corner of Calis About a great halfe league North-east and by North from thence lieth a rocke vnder water called the Diamant then appeareth S. Maryes little Church betweene two great highe hilles If you will go farther in then Calis hold on South-east beyond Puntall where is good harborough for all winds Calis bay is wide and broad and of 15. or 16. fatham depth A North-west winde beateth full vpon it From Calis to the straight of Gibraltar you haue eight leagues and three leagues thence to the hauen or roade of Gibraltar which is a very fayre bay and is able to conteyne many ships About the poynt of Tariffa or the streight halfe a league from lande lyeth a shoalde no deeper then 1½ fatham which you must bee heedefull to auoyde These countries bring foorth all kindes of the best wines fruites and other Marchandises as Seckes Bastarde and Romany Figges Reasins Oyle Oliues Pomegranets Cytherons or Orenges Sugar Skinnes of India and great plentie of the best Salt THE SEA COASTES of Andaluzia made according vnto the right situation thereof eauen as they appeare open with their Riuers and hauens A DECLARATION OF THE SEA CHART FROM THE FARTHEST part of England to Plimouth IF comming out of the East you are bound with the Sorlinges shape your course in by the Easterne shore at 8. or 9. fatham There is a Bulwarke or sconce before the castell And thence off a little waye lieth a rocke vnder water you may sayle betwixt it and the Bulwarke On the west side of the hauen are two rockes keepe them in one and goe neare the North shoare so shall you safely sayle without the poynt in 10. fatham but take heede you come no nearer To go cleare of the rocke that lieth in the entrance set the northerne rocke northward of the other rocke so much as you may see thorough them and then are you on the North-side of the rocke that lieth in the entrie And when you are past the rockes that are aboue water turne Northward neare the castell and anker at 8. or 9. fatham If you wil go from the Lysarde to Monsbay hold on west North-west vntill you see the castell in Monsbay vpon a high round rocke Then beare into the Bay right on the west side of the castell vntill you discerne a litle Island nigh the west coast wherevpon are two sharpe steeples like vnto watch-towers or beakons And goe so into the Bay nigh to that Island or rocke for there alongest it is cleare leauing the castell a good way on your starrebord side by reason of the rockes adioyning VVhen you are past the Island you shall see a great sandy bay where you may anker in 7. or 8. fatham But the best of the roade agaynst a South South South-east winde is at 6. or 7. fathā If you will sayle to Fallmouth hale inwardes alongest the Easterne shoare two cables off that you may be cleare of the blinde rocke that lieth in the entrie Beyond the hauen standes a high wood which you must keepe beyond the Northerne poynt of the west land By that wood are two chalky marks which you must likewise keepe aboue the sayd poynt then beare towards the middest of the high west land where you may anker at 15. fatham at the northerne poynt of the high land But if you will runne farther in plie Eastward towardes the Bay and when you are cleare of the shoald which reacheth downe from the Easterne tower inwards towardes the middest along the hauen there anker within the bancke neare the East land at 8. or 10. fatham Foy standeth also in a great Bay beeing a bard hauen where on each side standes a tower Beare in betweene both shoares But on the west-side the water is broader betweene the stakes and the tower which standeth on the west coast But if you will hale in along the west shoare within the stakes bearing a little off from the land holde about the middest of the channell but nearer to the westward vntill you come before the towne where at full sea you haue depth enough Here is no great trade or traffique but for broad cloathes kersies and Tinne The greatest part of the inhabitantes liue vpon grasing shipping THE SEA COASTES of England from the Sorlinges by the landes end to Plymouth with the hauens and harbrowghes A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF ENGLAND betweene Plimouth and Portland IF you will sayle into the Sounde of Plimouth and goe cleare of the Rocke beare alongst hard by the East-side of the Island wher it is 5. fatham deepe at high water vntill you see the Churche of Lyme-house on the west-side of the valley for then are you cleere of the rocke behinde that Island and vpon the maine lande of Plimouth standeth a wall which if you doo heedefully marke and Lyme-house Churche appeare on the North head of the aforesayd valley then shall you runne right vpon the Rocke where you haue but 3. fatham at low water yet behinde the Island you may anker in .12 or 13. fatham But if you will forwards into the west harborough set westward between the Island the mayne land vntill you haue opened the west harborough hauen then holde on in the middest of the channell between both landes vntill you are within the west poynt where you may cast anker at 9. or 10. fatham VVhen you will sayle from the Cape called Ramhead into Catvvater then plie towards Plimouth point vntill Catvvater lie open before you leaue the greater parte of the water on your starborde side and so sayle into the middest of the channell where you may anker right against the northland in 4. or 5. fatham at a dead low water And you may anker also on the side of the entrie vnder the Cape of Ramhead Northward thereof by the shoare in 10. fatham water for there is cleare grounde If your course lieth to Dartmouth you shal diserne a red point on the East-side of the Hauen and a blacke point at the waters side In the
Red poynt lieth a great white rocke when you haue brought this rocke right ouer the Black poynt you are harde abourde the Blinde rocke that lieth thwart the Channell of Dartmouth yet neerer to the East-ward But when you come to discerne the Kay of the towne that standeth on the East-side of the Hauen keepe amidst the channell vntill you may perfectly see the same then hale inwardes vntill you are within the two Castles standyng on the hauens side and you shall go cleere of the Rocke The hauen is wide within you may turne westward and let fal anker before the towne or the Brew-houses where you list Three leagues East-ward from thence is the road of Torbay which is very salfe for a South-west winde you may likewise anker on the East-side of the start where is good anker holde in 8. or 9. fathā Foure leagues to the Northward of Torbay lyeth the bay of Tynmouth a salfe harborough for a South winde where is also good ground for ankering in 7. or 8. fatham If you come out of the west into Portland road holde on two cables length off alongst Porteland shoare and hauing past the poynt turne westwardes till you come to the castell where is good road against a South and South and by East winde at 7. or 8. fatham Northwarde of Portland lieth a litle bard hauen called VVeymouth where you may anker at 4. or 5. fatham If you will ride vnder S. Aldomes Land shun the Needles of Shipmans poole and so saile into the town which at a low water you haue ankeryng at 3. fatham These Portes yeeld almost nothing els but wooll and clothe the inhabitantes doe liue chiefly vpon grazyng A DESCRIPTION OF THE Sea coastes of England Betweene Plymmouth Portland with the cheefest hauens thereof according vnto theire Situation A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETVVEENE THE Isle of Wight and Douer TO goe in at the west end of Wight you must looke well to the tide for the flood sets very sore vpon the Needles and the ebbe likewise westwarde vpon the Shingels and Chalkie Rockes which lie westwardes of the Needles and it is very narrow between the Needles and the Shingels wherfore saile directly with the Needles very neere them and keepe the inner poynt of the Isle right without the Needles And when you are so come within the Needles beare somewhat off the Island between the Chesell the Isles poynte because of the Rockes called the VVardens which lie on VVight-side neare the shore then turninge Eastward ouer against Calshorte you must cast anker in 7. or 8. fatham But if you will enter at the East ende of VVight keepe the Castle right against the Lime-kil that lies aboue Portesmouth vntil that Culuer cliffe come within the point of the I le for then shall you haue brought the Lyme-kill to the east end of Portesmouth which you must so holde vntill the Castle which standeth to the westward of Portesmouth doo appeare on the East side of the wood and then plie sometimes towards Sainct Helens Abbey keepyng your markes in this sorte you shall take no hurt on the Shoaldes or Sandes But if you cannot see the Limekill then shall you keepe the Castle on the west-side of Culuer cliffe vntill you haue brought S. Helens church with out the poynt of the Island a shippes length Then may you freely sayle Northwest vp without any daunger of the Riffe or tayle-sand that lieth out Then keepe the square Towre between the East ende of Portesmouth and the Castle vntill you may see the Castle which standeth on the west-side of Portesmouth Eastward of the wood and so may you goe inwardes The marks of these Shoalds and Flats are these viz. The Castle standinge Eastwards of Portesmouth and the square towre wherof I haue now treated VVhen you haue brought the Lymekill so much to the Eastward of the Castle that you may but see betwixt thē then are you vpon a litle shoald which at low water hath 5. fatham and a halfe and then haue you the Castle that standeth on the west ende of Portesmouth at the west corner of the wood But when the square towre that standeth by East of Portesmouth is brought westward of the Castle then the Castle by west of Portesmouth standeth at the woods west ende You haue there at high water 6. fatham And when the square towre is seen betwen the East end of Portsmouth and the Castle and the Castle standeth right betwixt the Limekill and the towre likewise when the Castle on the west end of Portesmouth standeth to the Eastwarde of the wood then haue you 11. fatham at high water But when the Limekill and Portesmouth towre are one the castle beareth westward of the wood then haue you 10. fatham at high water and lastly when S. Helen lieth south west and by west from you then the South east ende of the shoald beareth North east and by north from you Three leagues Eastward of VVeenbridge lieth Arundel which is a bard hauen at half flood .2 fatham deepe you must go in by the west coast and let fall your anker before the towne in .5 fatham Foure leagues from Arundell standeth Nevv Shoram The East side therof hath a grauelly Chesell where alongest you may sayle in and in the entrie you haue .3 fathā water at half flood in the midst before the hauen lie rockes vnder water The entrie on the west side is wide and broad and is at halfe flood 2. fatham deepe the hauen is large and broade within where you may anker in 4. or 5. fatham If you will sayle into the Cammer of Rye shape your course alongst the Shingels and when you shal be a Cables length of the poynt of the Shingels turne vp towards the Castle of VVinchelzey leauing all the shore or shoald markes on your starbord then let fall your Anker in the Riuer of Rie called the Rother at 4. or 5. fatham for the Cammer where in times past we were wonte to lie is now fowle full of shoaldes These countries yeeld litle else but wooll Clothe and Fier-wood which are transported from thence THE SEA COASTES OF ENGLAND betweene the I le of Wight Douer with the principal hauens thereof according to their situation and Appearing * HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE THE SECOND PART OF THE MARINERS MIRROVR conteining in diuers perfect plots sea charts boeth the Northern and Eastern NAVIGATION VIZ. From the Streights between Douer and Callis the coastes of England Scotland Norway Emdenyutland A with all the sounds of Denmark the Baltick sea unto Wiburgh and the Name With their particular descriptions trafiks and commodities A PERFECT DESCRIPTION AND POVRTRAICT OF THE CHIEFEST PART OF England viz. of Thames the riuer of London and of all the sandes bankes flattes and shoaldes vnto Harwich IF you come from the West and will passe within the Goodwin to the foreland first shape your course North north-east
from Farder And from thence shape your course to Anslo Copervvicke and Soen vvater and so forwardes thorough the rockes called Lammeren to Braekenes which is a shallow riuer towardes the sides where most part of the firre borde and timber is sawed Rogh point lieth foure leagues North northeast from Farder the rockes called the Sisters are 3. leagues Northeast and by North from Farder The Isle of Akersounde is distant from thence 5. leagues to the Northeast In these partes lie the hauens of the Northeast countrie where now a dayes is the chiefest taking of herringes which was woont to be in Malstrande From all these hauens come deale bordes great and little mastes rayles rafters timber to make hoopes fire woode and such like stuffe fit for building The Sea Coastes of Norway And of the land of North-East as they shewe and appeare betweene Mardou and Akersond according unto their right situation AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE NORTHEAST COVNTRIES where Malstrande is the cheefest Porte IF you will saile from the cape called Schagen or Scaw to Masterlande shape your course East north east till you may discouer an high round rocke or hill called Bretto towards which you must beare East North east till the rockes called the Pater nosters be in sight which you shall leaue on your larbord And when you shal be nigh the shoare the entrie of Masterland will be open before you on your South side liyng Eastward and East south eastwardes And leaue the Island wherin standeth a beakon or warlocke on your starbord But when you come to the poynt then the citie lieth open before you make fast a Cable to the Kay and cast Anker to the Seawards You may sayle out agayne Southward into the mayne two or three wayes If you will beare in with Calfsounde enter harde aborde the great Rocke wheron standeth a high warlocke you may by holding on the same course sayle into Coyhell and Bahuys you may also set forwardes to the Riuer of Nilues called VVinder between the Rockes wher on the East side you haue the mayne and the channell lieth open before you Right before the Riuer lieth a ragged Island which you must leaue on the Larborde You may anker vnder the same in 15. or 16. fatham the hauen is called Reefsounde Two leagues Eastward of Reefsounde lieth the Island Malesounde which you may sayle rounde about Consbaeke lieth from thence two leagues to the East north eastward Monstersounde standeth also on the East-side of the hauen and from thence VVaersberghe lieth 3. leagues to the Southward If you will sayle to vvaersberghe bringe the Castle which standeth in the mayne lande South of you and holde on thorough the middest of the channell between the Island and the Easterne shoare but edge nearer the island because of the rocke vnderwater that stretcheth out from the eastern poynt There is also a blinde Rocke at the poynte of the Island when you are cleare thereof you may borrow of the Northern shore and there come to anker for it is broade and 4. or 5. fatham deepe Parte of these Coastes doo belonge to the gouernement of the Kynge of Svvedeland and parte to the Kynge of Denmarke Their traffique is all sortes of Tallow and such grosse wares Skines Hides Barly and great stoare of Filberd-nuttes A MOST PERFECT description of the Sea coastes of the North East land parte of Norway part of Swedeland as it lieth betwene Distelbergh and Waersbergh A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE PRINCIPALL PART OF DENmarke where standeth the famous citie of Capen-hauen the cheefest place of the kings residence NOrth-east and by North of Coll lieth an Island called Swedero which is like an hauen on the inside but it is open on the North-side If you cannot goe cleare of Coll beare boldly with the sayd Island hold on streight within the great rock neere the church where you may anker in 10. fatham and ride safely From Anholte set South southeast towardes Zealande And if by reason that the winde hangeth Easterly you cannot get into the Sound hale alongst the coast of Zealand on the backside of Haselin where is good ground in euery place for ankering There is also a great bay which is a good harborough ouer-right alongst the coasts of Zealand for a Northeast winde where is 5. or 6. fatham water To saile into the Sound hold Southeasterly in from Coll but bring not the Isle of VVeen open of Elsenoers castell till you are cleare of Svvynebode Then may you passe by Lappesande thorough the middest of the channell and being past the castell anker where you list Towardes VVeen are certaine places where is good riding in 7. fatham water but it lieth farre from the shoare If you saile from the Sound to Coppen hauen being come to the ende of the wood you may sound the whole channell as you go vpon 5. or 6. fatham and not faile to find the Buy but keep still in 5. fatham when the tower of Coppen hauen is Southwest from you then are you come neare the first Buy where you haue 7. fatham on the East side holde on from the Northerne Buy to the other South by East borrow of the westerne coast if the wind hang westerly in 6. or 7. fatham where you haue also 9. or 10. fatham water Set Southward frō the second to the third Buy for there haue you 10. or 11. fatham then are you right against Southolme where it is shallower and narower from thence continue your course south to the Buy of Casperkine where is 7. fatham water The Fissher lieth from the Buy in Casperkine East and by North the west side thereof is very shallow Your course from Casperkine to the shoald or sand called Drakerriff is South where a Buy lieth in 5. fatham water but from Drakerriff to Steden South and by westward and then haue you sometimes deeper sounding But when you are betwixt Steden and Falsterborne and the flat broad tower of Falsterborne be one with the castell then are you at the poynt of the Riffe or bancke where lieth a Buy in 4. fatham depth and there beginneth the Easterne sea called the Belt and may shape your course thence Easterly towardes Brontholme If you will backe againe from Steden towardes Draker when you come neare Drakerriff if the tower of Coppen hauen appeare on the East side of Draker wood bring Draker North and by west off you so shal you go cleare of the Riff And when the tower of Coppen hauen is to sight a ships length Eastward from the wood you are thwart of Drakerriff Buy where you haue 5. fatham water Your course from Drakerriff to the Buy in Casperkine is almost plaine North where it is about 6. or 7. fatham deepe and there the channell is narrower But from Casperkine to the other three Buyes set North and north and by west where you haue 10. 9. 8. or 7. fathā water when Coppen hauen is Southwest then are you come
here and there with some houses To get the Channell or passage betweene the foresaid rockes and bayes you must saile 2. Cables length from the said rockes almost South Southeast keeping S. Matthewes Abbey in the valley Eastward from Conquet point then beare inwardes vntill you come to Blanc-hauen or Conquet point hale then to the outwardes vntill S. Mathewes Abbey be open vnto you without Conquet point sailing alongest a Cables length off for so shall you not strike vpon the Bell which lieth off Conquet point almost three cables length But keepe Flemynes bay full west of the white Friers called the Blancs Moines But when you may plainely discerne Conquet you are thwart the rockes called Les Fenestriers which lie vnder water at the east side of Conquet hauen But if being at Sea you must turne in bring S. Mathewes Abbey right without Conquet point and saile againe about the rockes called the Hagles which lie almost a third part of the bredth of the waye from Vshant There is a harborough betwixt Fenestriers and the Blancs Moines vnder S. Matthewes point in 6. or 7. fatham And if you wil put ouer from S. Matthewes point to the Race of Fonteneau you must conde the ship from Blancs Moines south and by east vntil you come to the Emperours and Emperes rocks called the Keiser and Keiserine But as you must not presse to neere Keiser least you strike vpon the rockes which lie vnder water so great heede is to be taken that you be not caried away with the tide or currente which commonly setteth in towardes the Keiserine vpon the shoald called the Calfe which stretcheth downe from Keiserine like a tongue and it is alwaies there as a whirlepoole and verie tempestuous The Race of Fonteneau lieth out into the Sea South Southwest But Bresont stretcheth into the sea west and by South foure dutch leagues from S. Matthewes The marke to crosse the Race from S. Mathewes to the Keyser is the mill of Fenestriers standing directly westward off S. Matthewes Abbey But if you will saile to Croixduyns from S. Matthewes poynt hold on east and by south so that you keepe still the Southermost part of the rockes called the Cheminees without Blancs Moines vntill you get the bay of Crodune and the chappell appeare on the grauelly shoare towards which chappell you may safely beare and there anker in 9 or 10. fatham Ouer against Crodun by the north shoare lieth Bertrandes-bay being a very good harborough for a north and northwest winde But he which will goe vp to Breste or Landerneau must get good Pilots for it is all sounding water The Collignier beareth South Southeast about a league a halfe from S. Matthewes poynt The Faukenes lie off from the west poynt of Crodun about the fourth part of a league west southwest The southermost Faukenes standeth from the northermost about halfe a league South South-east and is vnder-water at a high spring-tide A cables length off north north-east lieth a blinde rocke which at lowest ebbe is euen with the water This South Faukenes beareth north-east and by north from Crodun There is also another hidden rocke west-ward from the north-east Faukenes which appeareth at lowest water The rocke called the Hen lieth distant from Faukenes west South-west two Cables length There is another called the Chicken almost north-west and by west from the Hen being two sharpe rockes which at a great ebbe are either euen or little aboue the water There lieth also a rocke east and by south from S. Matthewes poynt lyeng in the middest of Bertrandes-bay by the North-side of the water of Brest And these are his markes viz. when the southermost of the rocks called Cheminees are one with S. Matthewes poynt then you strike vpon this rocke but if it appeare a little without then you goe cleare VVest Penmarques is a bard hauen which is to be entered on the East-side along the shoare and leaue the great rocke on the starre-boord side which being once past you may anker at three fatham water for as you come in without the rocke you haue 8. or 9. fatham you may also sayle within the East Penmarques for the maine is sandy strande where you may anker in 10. or 12. fatham very safely neere vnto the Isle of Morton for there is faire ground THE SEA Carde ofs Britayne Conteining the Coastes Bays Iles and hauens that lye betweene Rouscou and Groye verie dilligently corrected Aº 1588 AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE SOVTH COASTES OF BRITANY BETWEENE BLAVET AND Picquelier wherein is also contayned Belisle and Groy TO sayle into Blauet when you haue the East poynt of the Island called Groy South and by west then are you come to the entry thereof which stretcheth inwardes north northeast where is a very safe harborough for any winde or wether at 6. or 7. fatham water In the entry you haue 4. fatham water but there lie some shoalds which you must shunne On the west-side of the entrie standeth a great sharpe steeple There is also vnder Groy good ground for ankering 7. or 8. fatham deepe and safe harborough for a south-west winde But beware of the south-east shoare for it is rockie ground But if you will harbour vnder Belisle you may goe in on both sides all at large where you may let fall your anker at 10. or 12. fatham water by S. Paules spire steeple But at a Northeast or north north-west winde you must way and plie vp to the East side of the Island where before S. Helen you haue safe road at 10. fatham But if the winde come aboue at south or south south-east returne then before the foresayd steeple of S. Paule There lie 3. Islands about a league and halfe from Belisle the middest whereof hath safe harborough you may sayle betwixt them from Island to Island in some places finde good riding About two leagues thence lieth the maine land where are 2. great bayes or riuers from whence you may betwixt the maine and the foresaid Islandes within Belisle sayle to Croyswicke or Croisill and the riuer of Nantes called the Loyre Croyswicke lyeth from Belisle about 8. dutch leagues East and by North and East North-east And from Croyswicke to the riuer of Loyre it is about 3. leagues He which will goe vp that riuer let him runne along the shoare of Croyswicke 3. cables length off to the pierced rock which he may look thorough like a great gate From thence let him keepe still two cables length off the northerne shore streight to the point whereon standeth a sharpe steeple vntill he be within the rockes called Les Pourceaux which lye in the middest of the riuer betwixt the pierced rocke and the steeple But when he is past S. Nazarethes steeple he may anker in the channell at 10. or 12. fatham where he must take in a Pilotte to lead him vp the Loyre vnto Nantes by the helpe of the plummet There lie Banckes to the Sea-ward a league and