Africa Adda Addua a River that parts the Dukedom of Milan from the State of Venice it ariseth in the Alpes and falls into the Po 6 Miles above Cremona towards Placentia also the name of a Country in the Milanese betwixt this River and Serio memorable for the Victory obtained by Lewis XII of France over the Venetians May. 14. 1509. Adea a Kingdom of Aethiopia in Africa extended upon the Eastern Ocean at the entrance of the Red Sea It was once under the Kings of Aethiopia but has now a King who doth not depend upon them Magadoxo the Capital of this Kingdom and a Sea-Port is become a separate Kingdom also it lies in three degrees of Northern Latitude Adegele Chrysorrhoas a River of Damascus in Scripture called Pharpar it flows through Damascus and its fields where it is lost and never reacheth the Sea its Fountains are in Libanus This is one of the Rivers mentioned by Naaman the Syrian 2 King 5. as better than all the Waters of Israel Adel a small Kingdom in Africa at the mouth of the Red Sea heretofore called Azania with a City and a River of the same name Adelsperg Postonia Pistonia a Town in Croatia Aden a very strong Town in Arabia Foelix at the Foot of the Mountains not far from the Mouth of the Red Sea It has a very large Sea-Port and is also the head of a Kingdom of the same name The Turks in 1538. took this Town and hang'd up their King but not long after the Inhabitants revolted and put themselves under the Protection of the King of Mocha and expelled the Turks again This Country was known to the Romans by the name of Adana who had here a great Trade § Also a Mountain in the Kingdom of Fez remarkable for Mines of Silver § There is a City of the same name in Cilicia which is an Archbishoprick under the Patriarch of Antioch upon the River Malmistra or Piramus and often mention'd by the antient Geographers Ader or Eder a Tower within a Mile of Bethlehem said to be built by the Patriarch Jacob and that here the Shepherds were advertised by Angels of the Birth of our Saviour Aderborn a small Town in Pomerania upon the Oder a little above Stetin belonging to the Swedes Aderburg a small Town in the Electorate of Brandenbourg upon the Oder Adiabene a Province of the antient Assyria which for some time was itself a Kingdom now called Bolan or according to others Mesere and Sarca It s two Rivers Adiabas and Diabas are mention'd by A. Marcellinus Admirati a River of Sicily Whether this or Bajaria be the Eleutherus of the Antients is a dispute amongst Geographers Adon a small River of Bretagne in France which falls into the Vilaine Adonis a River of Phaenicia in Syria arising near to Mount Libanus and dividing the Kingdom and Patriarchate of Jerusalem from Tripoli and the Patriarchate of Antioch falls into the Mediterranean near Gibel Adour a River of Aquitain vide Dour Adra a small Sea-Coast Town in the Kingdom of Granada in Spain with a Port and a strong Castle it stands upon the Mediterranean Sea 9 Leagues to the West of Almeria which has robb'd it of the Bishops Sea heretofore belonging to it Adran Adranon a Town in Sicily of old famous for an Idol Temple of the name Adraon Adraton a City and sometime a Bishops See in Arabia mention'd corruptly by the name of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the 16th Session of the Council of Chalcedon Adraste a Territory and an ancient City in Mysia famous heretofore for a Temple dedicated to Nemesis Adria Atri Hadria a City and an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Ravenna in the Polesine in the States of Venice little inhabited Some believe the Adriatique Ocean which we now call the Gulph of Venice derived its Name from hence Adrianople Vscudama Oresta is a City in the midst of Thrace taken by Bajazet in 1362. after which it became the Seat of their Empire till the takeing of Constantinople An. 1403. This City was rebuilt by Hadrian the Roman Emperor from whom it has its Name but is now called by the Turks Endrem by the French Adrianople It is an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Constantinople and is distant from it 150 Miles West being seated upon the River Mariza Hebrus The late deposed Emperor of the Turks for the most part resided in it he hating Constantinople and loving Hunting Adrinza the present Name of Assyria once the Mistris of the World Adrobe a River of that part of the Asian Tartary which is subject to the Moscovites it falls into the Wolga beneath Cazan Adrumete the same with Mahometa Adula the Name of a part of the Alpes from S. Gothard Aduliten Adulis an antient City in Africa upon the red Sea now called Ercoco Adyrmachides an antient People of Libya towards Egypt Their Daughters newly married were presented to their King who had a right to use or refuse them Aethiopia is about one half of Africa it is divided into two parts the Upper and the Lower The Upper is bounded on the North by Egypt and Libya on the West by the Lower Aethiopia as also on the South on the East it is bounded by the Red Sea and the Arabian and Barbarian Bays it contains Nubia Abissinia the Kingdoms of Muaci Macoci and Zanguebar c. The Lower Aethiopia is bounded on the North by Libya on the East by the Upper Aethiopia on the West and South by the Aethiopian Ocean It contains the Kingdoms of Monomotapa and Monemugi the Western Aethiopians which are divided into the Kingdoms of Congi Loangi and Angola c. This more Southern Part of Africa which was little known to the Ancients was found out by the Portugals Aferat The present Name of Euphrates one of the most celebrated Rivers in the World called by the Arabians Frat it springeth from the Mountains of Armenia Major and running to the West receives the Harpage and Arsametes then it bends to the South and divides the greater Armenia from the lesser Then it washeth Mesopotamia on the West and South and divides it from Syria and Arabia Deserta and at Cresiphon it runs into the Tigris with which it falls into the Persian Gulph beneath Teredon and Balsera Afra a strong Castle upon the Frontiers of Zaara in Africa and stands divided into Egypt Barbary Biledulgerid or Numidia Zaara or Libya Nigritia and Aethiopia AFRICA one of the four principal Parts of the Earth so called by the Grecians because it seldom feels any Cold it is bounded on the North by the Mediterranean Sea on the West and South by the Ocean on the East by the Arabian Gulph and the Red Sea being only joyned to Asia by a Neck of Land It was anciently known no farther South than to the Mountains of the Moon till the Portugueses of late discovered the Southern Parts The inland parts of it are generally barren and
South-East Aquileja is call'd by the French Aquilee by the Germans Aglar and Aglareu a Patriarchal City of Italy in antient times very great and one of the principal Cities of Italy the Residence of some Emperours In 452. Attila King of the Huns took and destroyed it after a Siege of 3 Years after this being rebuilt by Narsetes it was again Burnt and Ruin'd by the Lombards in 590. and was after this rebuilt by Poponâ— Patriarch of it In antient times it was under the temporal Jurisdiction of these Patriarchs but being afterwards taken by the Dukes of Austria it remains to this day in their hands It is now almost desolate by reason of its bad Air troublesom Rubbish and Ruins and the Vicinity of Venice which draws all Trade from it This City lies between the River Isonzo to the East and Ansa to the West and is not above 9 Miles distant from the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea on the North. It lies in 36. 10. Long. and 45. 45. Lat. Aquino Aquinum a very antient City in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Capona and heretofore a Roman Colony Almost Ruin'd and little consiberable now but for its being the Birth-place of S. Thomas Aquinas as formerly of the Poet Juvenal Aquisgrana Aquisgranum See Aix la Chapelle Aqutaine Aquatania a third Part of the antient Gaul supposed to be so call'd from the abundance of its Waters The Emperour Augustus divided it into Prima and Secunda including within both Bordeaux Agne Angoulesme Xaintes Poitiers Perigueux Bourges Clermont Rodes Albi Cahors Limoges Mende and Puy Whereunto the Emperour Adrian added a third Province by the Name of Novempopulonia See Gascoigne This Country continued in Obedience to the Roman Empire till Honorius about the Year 412. yielded part thereof to Athaulfe King of the Goths whose Successours took occasion thereupon to Usurp the whole About the Year 630. it came into the Possession of the Crown of France entirely The Gascoigners soon revoulted giving to Eudos their Leader the Title of Duke of Aquitain which brought on a War that was not ended till the powerful Reign of Charles the Great In 778. Charles the Great erected Aquitaine into a Kingdom in the Person of Lewis the Debonnaire his Son It continued a Kingdom about 100 Years and then broke into particular Fiefs and Hereditaments In 1152. it came to the Crown of England as Dukes of Aquitaine in the right of Eleanor Wife to Henry II. For its fortunes since see Gascoigne Arabia is a very large Country in Asia having on the North Syria and Diarbechia upon the East the Persian Gulph and the Streights of Basor by which it is separated from Persia on the South it has the Arabian Sea and on the West the Red Sea which cuts it off in great part from Africa The Southern and Eastern parts which are the greatest are well cultivated but the Northern is for the most part barren and sandy having but few Inhabitants or Cities by reason of the vast Desarts barren Mountains and want of Water It is all under Princes of its own except a small part of Arabia Petraea in which the Turks have some few Forts This vast Country is divided into three Parts viz. The Desart The Happy and The Stony Arabia Deserta the Desart is the least part of all the three and lies most North call'd by the Asiaticks Berii Arabistan bounded on the South by the Mountains of Arabia the Happy on the East by the Province of Iraca heretofore Chaldea upon the North by Diarvechia from which it is separated by the River Euphrates upon the West by Syria the Holy Land and Arabia the Stony Arabia Foelix the Happy is the greatest of all the three parts and lies extended to the South and East it is call'd by the Inhabitants Jemen and is encompass'd on all sides by the Sea except towards the North where it bounds upon the other two Arabia's There are in this part many Kingdoms and great Cities the Soil being fruitful and the Country not easie to be invaded by the neighbour Nations by reason of its Situation Arabia Petraea the Stony lies more West and is call'd by the Turks Dase-lik Arabistan or as others say Baraab Arabistan by the Natives it is bounded on the North by the Holy Land and part of Syria on the East by Arabia Deserta in part and by Arabia Foelix in part as also on the South and on the West it has the Red Sea and Egypt Two things have made these Countries known to all the World The wandering of the Children of Israel 40 Years in the first and the Birth of that great Deceiver Mahomet in the latter of these three Parts Aracuâ—es a People of Chili which are the most Warlike of all the Americans Arach Parthia a Province of the Kingdom of Persia Arach Petra the chief City of Arabia Petraea once the capital City of Moab and then call'd Rabath afterwards an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Jerusalem being taken from the Patriarch of Alexandria it was also once call'd Cyriacopolis and Mons Regalis by some now Krach it stands upon the Confines of Palestine near the Brook Zareth and lies in 66. 45. Long. and 30. 20. Lat. Arad Caucasus is a Mountain of Asia which the Fable of Prometheus has made very well known It is that part of Mount Taurus which lies betwixt the Euxine or Black Sea on the West and the Caspian Sea on the East including the Mengrelians Coraxicos Caitachians Heniochos and the Achaeans Achaeos It is continued also amongst the Asiatick Tartars as far as to the Cimmerian Bosphorus now commonly call'd Cocas This Mountain is very high and always covered with Snow It is call'd by Hayton the Armenian Cochias by others Albsor by Niger Adazer by Circassians Salatto and by the French le mont de Circassie Aradus an Island and City of Phaenicia in the Syrian Ocean over against Tortosa sometime the Seat of a Bishop till it fell under the Tyranny of the Turks Arafat a Mountain within a League or two of Mecca in Arabia On the top of it there is a Mosque whither the Mahometan Pilgrims repair tofinish their Devotions after their performance of the Ceremonies of Mecca It is the same they say that Abraham would have Sacrificed his Son Isaac upon in Commemoration whereof before they part they kill some Sheep in the Valley of Mina below and what they present not amongst their Friends they distribute to the Poor by the name of Corban that is their Oblation Aragon See Arragon Arais Araxes See Achlar Arakil-Uanc a Celebrated Village and Monastery at the foot of Ararat in Armenia in great esteem amongst the People there who believe it to be the place where Noah after the Deluge retired to offer his Sacrifices of Thanksgiving to God for his miraculous Preservation Aran Arania is a very fruitful Vale in Aquitain â—n France which lies between
negligence of the Spaniards grew so strong and numerous that all their after Attempts signified nothing Their Sugars which at first were coarse and would quickly melt if not spent are now improved to a great Perfection This Island is not well Watered with Rivers or fresh Springs yet lying now they want not that Element being supplied by Pools Ponds and Cisterns It is very fruitful and enjoys a perpetual Summer Hot but cooled by the Briezes which rise with the Sun and blow fresher as the Sun gets higher The chief Town of this Island is S. Michaels situate at the bottom of Carlisle Bay in the Southern part of the Island where Ships have a very secure Harbor Barbara a small Village in the Island of Sicily but once a City of great Fame and much taken notice of by Greek and Latin Writers under the several names of Aegesta Egesta Acesta and Segesta c. It lies 22 Miles from the Promontory and City of Drepanum now called Trapano to the North-West and 40 from Palermo upon the Western Shoar of the Island near it runs a small River which now beareth the name of S. Bartholomew Barbary Barbaria a large Country in the Western part of Africa lying a considerable length from East to West but not of equal breadth it is bounded on the North by the Mediterranean Sea on the East by Egypt on the West by the Atlantick Ocean and on the South by the Atlantick Mountains which separate it from Biledulgeridia In the times of the Roman Empire this vast Tract of Land was divided into divers Provinces viz. Mauritania Tingitana Casariensis Sitifensis Numidia Africa propria Byzacena Tripolitana Marmorica and Cyreniaca it is now divided into the Kingdoms of Fez Morocco Algiers Constantine antiently Cirta Tunis and Tripoly with the Territory of Barcana This Country was in antient times subject to the Commonwealth of Carthage and the great Kings of Mauritania and Numidia after it fell into the Romans Possession I have shew'd how they divided it Here was a most flourishing Church till the 5 Century in the begining of which the Vandals then Arians entered it and brought in their Heresie with them but that which more effectually contributed to the ruin of Christianity here was the Conquest of it by the Moors in 647 when one Hucha a famous General whom Osmen the Third Caliph of the Saracens imployed to that purpose finally expell'd the Romans and ever since the Moors have possessed it who being the most enraged Enemies of Christianity that ever professed the Mahometan Law have so far extirpated Christianity that there is very few if any of the Inhabitants of this vast Tract of Land which profess it Barbela a River in the Kingdom of Congo in Africa which falls into the River Zaire which washeth the Walls of S. Saviour or Banza the Capital of this Kingdom Barbenzon Barbentio a Principality in Hainaut Barberino Barberinum a small Town in Tuscany in Italy from whence the Noble Family of the Barberines receive their name of which Family Pope Vrban VIII was who succeeded Gregory XV. and sate 21. Years viz. from 1623. to 1644. This small Town is built upon an Hill in the Road between Florence and Siena 16 Miles from the former toward the South Barbowyna Berbis a Village of the lower Hungary where the Ruins of an antient Roman Town are yet seen upon the Drave 3 German Miles from Quinque Ecclesiae towards the South Barbuda or Barbada one of the Caribby Islands in America under the English but of no very great Account It is in length 15 Miles Lat. North 17. d. â— Barca Marmorica a small Kingdom in Africa on the West of Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea under the Empire of the Turks But there is no Town of any note in it there is adjoining to it a Desart called by the same name Barceâ— Barcetum a Castle in the Dukedom of Parma between the Rivers of Parma and Taro and the Apennine 22 Miles from Parma toward the South and 16 from Pentremoli There was antiently a very famous Monastery built here by the Kings of the Lombards Barcelona Barcino a City of Catalonia in Spain which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona and an University it has an excellent Port upon the Mediterranean Sea well Traded and also a Castle This City is the Capital of that Province and esteemed one of the best Cities of Spain Built by Hamilcar a Carthaginian and called by his Punick Sirname of Barca In the Year of our Lord 805. it was recovered out of the hands of the Moors by S. Lewis King of France it is seated between the outlet of the River Badelona Baetulo which runs on the Eastern sides and that of Lobregat Rubicatus which at the distance of 2 Miles on the Eastern side falls into the Mediterranean Sea It stands 12 Leagues from Tarragona East and 16 from â—â—rona towards the South and 13 from Ossuna Taken by the French in 1640 but returned under the Spaniard in 1652 after a very sharp Siege This City was Honored with the Title of an Earldom by Lewis the Good after he had taken it from the Saracens Charles the Gross gave this Earldom to Godfrey d'Arria for his Service against the Normans and his Heirs after the Death of Raimond the last Earl it was united to the Kingdom of Arragon in 1162. There were 3 small Councils celebrated in this City one in 540. one in 603. and the last in 1064. James II. King of Arragon died here in 1327 Alfonsus IV. in 1336. and John II. in 1479. Barcelonette a Town and Valley in Provence heretofore now in the Dominions of the Duke of Savoy Built or rebuilt by Raimond V. Earl of Provence in 1231 who called it by this name in memory that his Ancestors came into Provence from Barcelona in Spain Barcelor a City of the East-Indies under the Dominion of the King of Bisnagar upon the Sea Shoar between Goa and Canora It lies in almost 15 d. of Northern Lat. and Long. 105. This City was some time under the Portuguese but is now recovered bythe King of Bisnagnar a potent Indian Prince It was also heretofore the Capital of a distinct Kingdom Barcelos Celiobriga a small Town in Portugal Honored with the Title of a Dukedom It lies in the County of Entre Douro é minho upon the River Cavado which not far from thence falls into the Atlantick Ocean 6 Leagues North of Porto and 4 West of Braga Barcena Coloe a Marsh in Aethiopia out of which ariseth the River of Astapus as Ptolomy saith Bardewic a most antient City in Saxony within a Mile of Lunenburg said to be built 990 Years before the coming of our Saviour Bardi a People amongst the antient Gauls in very great Esteem with them for Poetry and Musick supposed to dwell about Montbard or Mont-Barri in Latin Mons Bardorum a Mountain in the Territory of Auxois in Burgundy which still retains their Name Bardt a
the Name of their King Charles X. The Danes took it in 1676. but they yielded it to the Swedes again in 1679. according to the Treaty of Fointainebleau Catmagnole a strong Town in the Marquisate of Saluces in Piedmont about 2 Miles from the Po and 9 from Turin in the Dominions of the Duke of Savoy ever since Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy during the Civil Wars of France made himself Master both of the Marquisate and it in 1588. and that the same were ceded to him by a Treaty of Peace in 1601. This Town has been taken by the French and retaken by the Confederates in this present War Carmarthenshire See Carmarthen Carmel Carmelus a Mountain in the Holy Land or Palestine upon the Mediterranean Sea 50 Miles North of Jerusalem betwixt Galilee and Samaria in the Tribe of Issachar about 30 Miles in Circuit deliciously covered and adorned with Trees Plantations Springs Villages Valleys and Caverns which have been the retreats of the solitary in all Ages Now inhabited by the Drâ—sians a Warlike People who are supposed to be the Relicks of the European Pilgrims and accordingly pay as little deference to the Port as they can There is a Monastery belonging to the Carmelites here whose whole Order derives their Name from the place These carmelites regard the Prophets Elias and Elisha as their Patriarchs whose 2 Grots with the Fountain that sprung miraculously up at the Prayers of Elias now under the keeping of a Mahometan Anchorite are much honored as well by Turks Moors and Arabs as the Jews and Christians The Prophet Agabus they say built a Chappel upon this Mountain in the year 83. a small part thereof being yet extant In the time of the Emperor Vespasian there was a Temple of an Oracle here so famous that Vespasian came in Person to consult it Possibly it was some remains of the Idol of Baal or Beelzebub that they used heretofore to adore in Acre a Town below at the foot of the Mountain The Prince of it pays yearly to the Turks for Tribute 12 Horses Carnarvan See Caernarvanshire Curnia Acarnania a Province in Epirus over-against the â—sle of Corfu or Cephalonia Carniola called by the Dutch Krain has Slavonia on the East Friuli on the West Carinthia and part of Sâ—eirmark North and Istria South fruitful in Corn and Wine this and Carinthia both belong to the House of Austria by descent to which they give the Title of a Duke The Inhabitants are part Sclavonians and part Germans its Capital City Laubach This Country was a Branch of the antient Carnia Carolina a Plantation of the English Quakers upon the Continent of North America which has its Name from Charles II. It lies between the Lat. of 29. and 36. deg being the most Northern part of Florida Tho the English began to plant it only since 1663. yet being extremely fruitful and temperate the Inhabitants are already very numerous and have built 2 considerable Town Charles Town and Albermarle This Country is bounded to the South by Florida to the North by Virginia to the West by the Apulathean Hills which are exceeding steep and high and to the East by the Atlantick Ocean The Colonies are endeavouring to improve it to Wine and Oil which the English chiefly want Carolstadt Carolostadium a Town in Croatia built by Charles Archduke of Austria and well fortified against the Turks seated at the confluence of the Kulp and the Mereswiz 2 German Miles from Meteling to the North-East the Governour of Croatia always resides here There is another of the same Name in the Bishoprick of Wurtzburg upon the Maine 3 German Miles North of Wurtzburg And a Third in Sweden in the Province of Westrogrothia built by Charles IX upon the Lake Wever which suffered much by the Danes in 1644. Carpathus See Scarpanto Hence the Carpathian Sea now called the Sea of Scarpanto betwixt the Islands of Rhodes and Candia derived its Name Carpenterland a vast Country in the Terra Australis of America lately discovered by one Carpenter a Dutchman who has left it his Name Carpentras Carpentoracte a City in Provence in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Avignon and the Capital of the County of Venacin under the Dominion of the Pope 4 Leagues from Avignon to the North-East It stands upon a very well watered Soil Caesarius Bishop of Arles presided at a Council here in 527. in the Papacy of Foelix IV. Long 25. 49. Lat. 43. 18. Carpi Carpum a small City in Lombardy in Italy with a Castle and Principality belonging to the Duke of Modena It has a large Territory to it and a Collegiate Church built first by Aistulphus one of the Kings of the Lombards who died about 750. Rebuilt by Albertus Pius who was then Prince of Carpi with greater magnificence and is exempted from the Jurisdiction of all the Neighbour Bishops who have any Pretensions to it by the Decrees of Julius II. and Leo X. This City lies 4 Leagues from Modena to the North. Carrara a small Town in the Province of Tuscany in Italy between Massa and Sarsina belonging to the Prince of Massa with the Title of a Principality Carrhae an antient City of Mesopotamia upon the River Charra remarkable in History for the Defeat of Crassus by the Parthians in the year of Rome 701. It has had the honor to be a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Edessa This is the Charan mentioned in the Story of the Patriarch Abraham Carriek-Fergus See Knock-Fergus Carrict Carricta a small Bailywick or Earldom in the West of Scotland which has Dumbritain-Fryth to the West and North Nithisdale to the East and Galloway to the South It is fruitful and supplyed both by Sea and Land with all the necessaries of Life The Earldom belongs now to the Prince of Scotland Cars See Chars Carthago Carthage call'd by the Grecians 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 was once the most famous and potent City in Africa and the Rival of Rome generally supposed to be built by Queen Dido a Tyrian Princess An. Mundi 3725. 72 years after Rome 874 years before the Birth of our Saviour But then Justin makes it to be built before Rome and Appian before the Ruin of Troy and this is now thought the more probable Opinion The Learned Vossius in his Book de Magnitudine Vrbium is confident that it was not only built before the Trojan War but in its greatest Dignity Extent and Power before that time and that Dido was only the Repairer of it and that it was much older than Tyre itself But however certain it is that it was a Phaenician Colony It subjected by degrees not only all Lybia but a great part of the adjacent Islands and the greatest part of Spain and Sicily It sustained 3 sharp Wars with Rome the first lasted 24 years the second 18 and had ended in the Ruin of Rome if the Carihaginians had but supplied their General effectually and in time The third lasted
private Buildings of great beauty and expence so that all considered it is one of the greatest richest and most populous Cities of Italy containing no less than seven Miles in compass and besides the Security the Sea gives it and the Neighbouring Mountains which serve instead of Ramparts it has four strong Castles or Citadels for its security which were built at several times by William III. a Norman Charles I. Brother to S. Lewis King of France Ferdinand King of Aragon and the Emperour Charles V. In the Metropolitan Church dedicated to S. Januarius they preserve the Blood of that Saint in a Glass congealed which they pretend melts and bubbles when the Head of the same Saint is brought near it And in the Church of the Dominicans they show the Crucifix which you are told spoke these words to S. Thomas Aquinas Benâ— de me scripsisti Thoma quamnam mercedem habebis whereunto he made answer Nullam domine praeter teipsum The Italians give Naples the name of la Gentile for its beauty and neatness it attracting all the Nobility of the Kingdom to it But their Proverb goes further Ma la gente cativa tuttavia un paradiso habitato da diavoli The people are bad it is altogether a Paradise inhabited by Devils This City is so very ancient it is reported to be built by Hercules about the year of the World 2725. in the times of Thola Judge of Israel The Chalcidians rebuilt or inlarged it and instead of Parthenope its old Name called it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is the New Town The Romans took it from the Samnites about the year of Rome 463. after three or four bloody Wars Being subjected to that State the Inhabitants of this City are much celebrated for their Fidelity to Rome and ever after the Battel of Cannae would not submit to Hannibal till he made use of force against them In the year of Rome 537. together with Rome and the rest of Italy in the fifth Century this City became a prey to the Goths and other Barbarous Nations amongst them to the Lombards from whom it passed to Charles the Great After this it fell under the Saracens In 1008. the Normans began under Tancred to enter upon this Stage whose Children drove out both the Greeks and Saracens and possessed this City and Kingdom under the Title of Earls of Calabria in 1216. there was an University opened here by Frederick II. Emperour of Germany The rest of its Fate depends on the Changes in the Kingdom except that prodigious Revolution in 1647. when one Masanello a poor Fisher Boy appearing against the Spaniards who had over-much oppressed this populous City by their Impositions raised such a storm against them as bid fair for the excluding them for ever out of that Kingdom In June 1688. Naples suffered extraordinarily by an Earthquake several days The Kingdom of Naples Nepolitanum Regnum has its name from its principal City but was at first called the Kingdom of Sicily as it is still in all the Publick Acts. It is bounded on the West with the Lands of the Church and on all other sides surrounded with the Mediterranean Sea Under the first Kings it was divided into four parts at present into twelve Provinces or Counties it has about thirty Cities great and small It s length from North to South ninety German Miles that is from the River of Tronto to the Cape of Spartivento and its breadth from Cape Massa not far from Naples to Cape Gargani or â—â—onte di S. Angelo on the Venetian Gulph thirty About the year of Christ 1000. this Kingdom was miserably harrased by the Saracens and Greeks then expelling the Children of Charles the Great The Normans drove out first the Saracens and then the Greeks In 1125. Pope Anacletus II. gave this Kingdom to Roger Earl of Sicily excluding the Children of William his Elder Brother In 1196 another Usurper dispossessed this Line and called in Henry VI. Emperour of Germany His Posterity injoyed it till 1261. when Charles Earl of Anjou entered and slew Manfred IV. the last of the German Line His Posterity injoyed it four Descents more when Charles IV. in the year 1371. entered and slew Joan Queen of Naples In the year 1434. Alphonso King of Arragon partly by Adoption and partly by Conquest got this Kingdom from another Joan the third of the Caroline Descent His Posterity injoyed it five Descents till Ferdinand III. King of Castile and Arragon dispossessed them in 1503. In this Family it is at this day Charles the present King of Spain being the sixth from Ferdinando Napo a River of the Kingdom of Peru in South America passing by Avila in the Province of Quiros to join it self with the River of Amazons Napoli di Barbaria a Town near Tripoli in Barbary called also Lebeda and Lepe Napoli di Nalvasia See Malvasia Napoli di Romania Nauplia Anaplia a City on the Eastern Shoar of the Morea in the Province of Romania anciently a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Corinth but that City being ruined it became an Archbishoprick it self This City stands upon the River Inachus sixty Miles from Misitra to the north-North-East fifty five from Athens to the North-West and thirty six from Corinth to the South Surrounded on all sides but the North with the Sea its Shoars are so very high and steep that an Enemy can neither land nor batter its Walls with their Cannon On the West it has a large and safe Haven secured by a Fort built upon a Rock in the midst of its Mouth and shut up on both sides by two Chains which from this Fort reach to the Town on the North side and to another Fort on the Continent to the South The Mountain of Palamede on the North commands the Town in all other points it is situated as well for Defence as Commerce equal to any place in Europe Said to have been built by Nauplius a Son of Hercules and to have been one of the most ancient Towns in the Morea It was first taken from the Greeks by the Venetians and French in 1205. But it did not long remain in their hands before it was retaker with the slaughter of all their Garrison and Governour In the thirteenth Century it fell into the hands of Mary d' Erigane Relict of Peter Son of Frederick Cornar Piscopia This Lady not being able to preserve it from the Turks resigned it to the Venetians in 1383. who fortified it the Turks however frequently attempted it Mahomet II. sent Machmut a Bassa with a potent Army to reduce it by force which design miscarried in 1460. After him Solyman the Magnificent in 1537. again besieged it and lost a great part of his Army to no purpose before it but about two years after upon a Treaty the Venetians surrendred it to purchase a Peace of him In 1686. the Venetians again came before it with a considerable Fleet and Army and having beaten the Serasquier of the Morea and
Pont near Belsey in the County of Northumberland giving the Title of Earl to the Duke of Newcastle and its name to the VVard it stands in It did formerly belong to the Barons Ogle Oglio Ollio Ollius a River in the States of Venice in Italy it springeth from the Mountains above Edulum in the Borders of Switzerland in the Valteline and flowing through Brescia or Brexa into the Lake de Iseo it leaves it at Calepio a little lower separating the Territory of Brescia from that of Cremona or the State of Venice from the Dukedom of Milan and watering part of the Dukedom of Mantoua it falls into the Po at Burgoforte Oie a County in Picardy It is extended from Calais as far as to Graveling and Dunkirk and hath a Town in it of the same name The Spaniards during the Civil Wars of the League possessed themselves of this County till by the Treaty of Vervin in 1598. it was surrendred again to the Crown of France The English heretosore held it above two Ages § There is a small Island Oie near that of Rè upon the Coast of Saintonge in Aquitain L'Oise Osesia Isauria Oesia Aesia a River of France which ariseth in Picardy in the Confines of Hainault and Champagne and washing Guise Lafere and Noyon at Compeigne it takes in the Aysne a bigger River than it self so by Pont S. Maxiente Beaumont and Pont Oyse falls into the Seyne six Miles below Paris towards Roan Okeham or Oakham the Capital Town of the County of Rutland seated in the rich and pleasant Vale of Catmoss and said to derive its name from the plenty of Oaks growing in its neighbourhood It has a Castle where the Assises are kept a Frecschool and a Hospital And by an ancient Privilege belonging to its Royalty a Nobleman entering on horseback within its Precincts pays the homage of a Shooe from his Horse Therefore upon the door of the Shire-Hall there are many Horse-shooes nailed and over the Judges Seat in the same one curiously wrought five foot and a half long with a breadth proportionable But this Homage or Forfeiture may be commuted for money Okehampton a Borough and Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Black-Torring It returns two Members of Parliament Old or Ould Olitis a River in Quercy in France Olde or Oude Vlda a River in Bretagne Oldenburg Oldenburgum Brannesia a small City in VVestphalia the Capital of a County of the same name seated upon the River Honta twenty five Miles from Breman to the West and forty from Embden to the East Built by Otho the Great and almost totally ruined by Fire in the year 1676. that very day the Citizens were to have taken the Oath of Allegiance to the King of Denmark The County of Oldemburg is a small County in the Circle of VVestphalia between East-Friesland to the West the Dukedom of Bremen to the East the Bishoprick of Munster to the South and the German Ocean to the North. Very fruitful especially as to Pasture and Cattle the Air is cold and Foggy This for a long time was under Counts of its own who are derived from VVittikindus the last King and first Duke of the Saxons VValepart one of his Nephews in 850. being the Earl of Oldemburg This Line continued with some small variation for twenty three or twenty four Descents and in 1676. failed Since which it has been annexed to the Crown of Denmark that King being descended of the Eldest Branch of the Earls of Oldenburg Oldenborg a Town in Holstein in the Territory of Wageren once a Bishops See but removed long since to Lubeck it stands not above three Miles from the Baltick Sea and thirty from Lubeck to the North. Oldenpo Oldenpoa a Tract in Esthonia in Livonia between Lettonia to the South Esthonia properly so called to the West Alentak to the North and Moscovy to the East under the Swedes the chief Town in it is Tonspat Oldenzeel or Oldensel Odesalia a strong Town in Overyssel in the Vnited Netherlands taken and dismantled by the Hollanders in 1626. Oldeslo Oldensloe Oldesloa a Town in Holstein in Wageren upon the River Trava in the Borders of Lavemburg three German Miles from Lubeck to the West and five from Hamburgh to the South-East The King of Denmark erected here a spacious Fortification in 1688. At which Lubeck was not a little alarm'd Oleron Vliarus an Island on the Coast of Aquitain belonging to the Duchy thereof upon the Shoar of Saintonge against the Mouth of the River Charente two Leagues from the Continent Six from North to South two from East to West strengthened by a very strong Castle on the South Side and universally famous for the Sea-Laws here Published by Richard I. King of England at his Return from the Holy Land in the fifth year of his Reign at which time this Island lay under the Dominion of the Kings of England This is the same Island with the Olarion of Sidonius Apollinaris which he says yields plenty of Rabbets Oleron or Oleron sur le Gave Oloronensis urbis Huro Hurona Elarona Loronensium Civitas a City of Bearn in the South of France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aux Destroyed by the Normans in the year 1080. and rebuilt by Centulus one of the Earls of this Province upon a Branch of the Gave thence called Le Gave de Oleron ten Leagues from Tarbes to the West eighteen from Dax to the South and twenty four from Pampelona to the North. It stands upon an Eminence having an old Tower Olika Olica a City in Volhinia a Province of Poland five Miles from Lucko to the South-East which in 1651. sustained a Siege against the Cossacks and preserved it self out of their Hands Olinde Olinda a Maritim City of Brasil in America the Capital of the Province of Pernambuc Taken by the Hollanders in 1629. and fortified but afterwards deserted and returned under the Crown of Portugal This City stands upon a Hill near the Mouth of the River Bibiribe has a Castle called S. George and a large Haven In 1676. it was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Salvadore Olivenza Evandria Oliventia a strong City of Portugal upon the River Guadiana three Leagues from Elvas to the South-West and twelve from Evora to the East Taken by the Spaniards in 1658. and restored to the Portuguese by the Treaty of Peace at Lisbon in 1688. Olivero Oliverio Helicon a River on the North of Sicily The Mount of Olives Mons Olivetus a Mount in the Vicinage to the East of the City Jerusalem in Palestine which hath the Valley of Jehosaphat lying betwixt Jerusalem and it and the Brook Kedron gliding at its Foot About two thousand Paces in length from North to South and six hundred in heighth affording a delightful Prospect not only over Jerusalem but towards the Mountains of Arabia towards Jordain and the Dead Sea Hebron and Samaria It breaks into three Points or little Hills whereof the
Sea It stands on the North side of the Island has a safe Port and Castle and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of St. Domingo Taken by the English in 1599 and being plundered left to the Spaniards S. Juan de Vlva Fanum Sancti Johannis de Vlva a triangular Fort in a small Island in the North Sea on the Coast of New Spain over against the Port of Vera Cruz erected by the Spaniards for its security and defence It stands eighty Miles from Mexico to the East Vera Cruz was at first called by this Name but the Spaniards changed it of latter years S. Ives a Market Town and Corporation in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Penwith having a Haven upon the Irish Sea and the Election of two Parliament Men. § There is a second S. Ives in Huntingtonshire in the Hundred of Hurstington upon the River Ouse with a fair Stone Bridge over it which is a Market Town of good Antiquity Said to have received this name from a holy Bishop Ivo who laboured in the Conversion of the Saxons about the year 600 and died here But his Body was removed afterwards to Ramsey Abbey S. Lawrence a great River of New France in North America taking its Source towards the Lake des Hurons and running from West to East falling into the North Sea over against Newfound Land making a great Bay or Gulph there called the Gulph of S. Lawrence See Canada S. Leo Fanum Sancti Leonis The same with Monfeltro S. Leonhart a Town in the Lower Carinthia in the Valley of Lavanthal near the River Lavant in the Borders of Stiria two Miles from S. André a City of Carinthia This Town is under the Bishop of Bamberg S. Licer or S. Lizier See Conserans S. Lucar de Barameda Fanum Sancti Lucae Luciferi a City in Andaluzia in Spain called by the French S. Lurques Some will have it to be the Lux Dubia of Strabo It has three Castles and a large and safe Port at the Mouth of the River Guadalquivir upon the Atlantick Ocean S. Lucia or Alouzia one of the Charibye Islands in America under the French S. Macaire a Town in the Province of Guyenne in France upon the Garonne ten Leagues from Bourdeaux and thirty from the Ocean which rises no further than to this Town S. Maixent a Town in the Province of Poictou in France upon the River Seure Niortoise which hath an antient Abbey noted for a Council held at it against Berengarius in 1073 and another in 1075. The Emperor Lewis the Debonnaire repair'd this Abbey in his time S. Malo Maclovipolis Aletha Maclovia Maclopolis Maclovium a City in Bretagne in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Touâ—s seated in a small Island called S. Aron but very little removed from the Continent to which it is joined by a Bridge It grew up out of the Ruins of Aletha Though its Circuit is not great yet it is well peopled rich strong and by reason of the goodness of the Haven much frequented It stands four Leagues from Dole to the South-West and fourteen from Rennes to the North. Fortified and well Garrisoned in consideration that its great importance renders it one of the Keys of the Kingdom James Cartier the French Discoverer of Canada in America was a Native of this City A Synod was held here in 1618. S. Mango a Town in the ` Hither Principate in the Kingdom of Naples in Italy bearing the Title of a Principality S. Marco Argentanum Fanum Sancti Marci a small City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Hither Calabria which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cosenza but exempt from his Jurisdiction It stands ten Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea and sixteen from Cosenza to the North. § There is a Town of this name in the Island of Sicily the same with the Calacta of the Antients S. Margarita Gorgon an Island of the Tyrrhenian Sea under the Grand Duke of Tuscany betwixt the Province of Toscana and the Island of Corsica Called also by the Italians La Gorgona S. Marie an Island in the Aethiopick Ocean towards the Bay of Anthongil and the Eastern Coast of the Island of Madagascar at the distance of two Leagues from the latter where the French have planted ten or twelve Villages It is eighteen Leagues in length three in breadth fruitful in Rice Sugar Gums Tobacco Fruits and Cattel White Coral and Ambergrease are found here The Climate continually rainy The Natives repute themselves to be of the Line of Abraham calling the Island in their Language The Island of Abraham Les Saintes Maries Delphicum Templum a small Town at the Mouth of the Rhosne in Provence in France Honoured heretofore with a Temple built by the Marseillians in honour of Apollo Delphicus and said to be the Place where the Vessel came safe a-shoar with Lazarus St. Mary Magdalen Mary the Mother of James and others which the Jews exposed to Sea to the mercy of the Winds and Storms without Sails or Oars And that the Bodies of the St. Maries were found hidden here in 1448. S. Maria di Leuca a City and Bishops See in the Terra di Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples Sancta Maria Pandataria an Island in the Tyrrhenian Sea upon the Coast of Terra di Lavoro a Province of the Kingdom of Naples thirty Miles from Puteoli It is small desolate and uncultivated Agrippina the Mother of Caligula the Roman Emperor was banished into this wretched Place by Tiberius the Emperor according to the Roman Custom S. Maria de Finis terre Artabarnm a Promontory in Gallicia which is the most North-Western Cape of Spain called by the Spaniards El Cabo de Finis terre by the French Le Cap de Fine terre It has the name of S. Mary also from a near Town which stands ten Leagues from Compostella to the West S. Marino Marinum Mons Titanus Fanum Sanctae Mariae Acer Mons a City in the Dukedom of Vrbino in Romandiola scarce four Leagues from the River Rimini twenty two from Pesaro to the West and five from S. Leo to the South-East which is the Capital of a small Republick Republichetta the Italians call it of the same name established in the year 600 and containing about six thousand People who bought the Fortress of Pennarosta in the year 1000 the Castle of Casolo in 1170 and in 1463 received four other Castles with the Town of Piagge by Donation from Pope Pius II. This City stands upon a high Hill well fortified under the Government of two Military Officers whom they change in every year twice § There is likewise in the Montouan and the Modenese in Italy two Towns of this name each adorned with the Title of an Earldom a Fortress in the Province of Toscana near Florence and a little Principality in S. Peters Patrimony § Not to omit the Island S. Marino de Vaz near the Cape of Good Hope upon the Coast
in Limosin and watering Limoges entereth La Marche passeth into Poictou and three Leagues above Saumur to the East falls into the Loyre Vieste Viesta Apeneste a City in the Capitanato a Province of the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Manfredonia and stands at the foot of Mount Gargani upon the Adriatick Sea 25 Miles from Manfredonia to the South-East Built out of the Ruins of Marinum an antient Roman City which was honoured with a Bishops See and mentioned by Pliny Vietri a Town and Dutchy in the Kingdom of Naples near Salerno Vigazolo Vigisole Togisonus a Lake in the Territory of Padoua in Lombardy Vigenne Vincenna a River of Burgundy Vigevano Viglebanum Vergeminum a small City with a strong Castle in the Dukedom of Milan in 1530. made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan from which it stands 20 Miles to the West and 12 from Novara upon the River Tecino There is a small County belonging to it of the same name Vignori Vangionis Rivus a Town in Champagne Vihitz Vihitza a City of Croatia also called Bigion upon a small Lake made by the River Wana 45 Miles from Segna or Zeng to the East and from Zara ro the North formerly the Capital of Croatia and a Hanse Town Uikesland a Tract in Esthonia in Livonia between Reval and Pernaw upon the Baltick Sea under the Swedes Uilaine Vindana Herius Vicennonia Vidana a River of Bretagne in France which watering Rennes the Capital of that Province falls into the British Sea between Nantes and Vannes Uilla de Chiesa Villa Ecclesiae a City on the South side of the Island of Sardinia which is a Bishops See ever since the year 1513. but little and not much inhabited Uilach Cacorum Villachum a City of the Vpper Carinthia upon the Drave where it receives the Geyla in the Dominions of the Bishop of Bamberg eighteen Miles from Clagonfurt to the West and forty six from Vdine to the North. Uilla Franca a Town in Piedmont in the County of Nizza with a large Port on the Mediterranean Sea Built in 1295. by Charles II. King of Naples five Miles from Nizza to the West and from Monaco to the same Near this place the French defeated Prosper Colonna in 1516. Uille Franche de Conflent Villa Franca Consluentum a City of Rousillon in the Mountains upon the River Thetis at the soot of the Pyren ten Leagues from Perpignan to the West Uille Franche de Rovergue a great City of Aquitain in the Province of Rovergue upon the River Veronium eight Leagues from Rhodes to the West and from Caors to the East § There is another Town of this name in the Territory of Beaujolois Uillemur a Town in Languedoc Uillena Bigerra once a City of the Bastitana's mentioned by Livy Ptolemy and some others Now a Town in the Kingdom of Murcia in the Borders of Valencia twelve Leagues from Murcia to the North. As appears by several ancient Inscriptions there found Uilne Vilna a City in the Kingdom of Poland called by the Inhabitants Wilenski by the Poles Wylna by the Germans Wilde and Wildaw by the French Vilne and Vilna It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnesna and the Capital of Lithuania Built in 1305. by Gedemin Great Duke of Lithuania and since become a very great City Ill handled by the Russ in 1655. when they took it The Swedes have since regained and rebuilt it In 1579. there was an University opened here by King Stephen It stands upon a River of the same name one hundred and thirty Polish Miles from Cracow to the South-East and forty eight from Riga to the South Long. 49. 50. Lat. 55. 10. Uilss Quintanica a River of Bavaria Uimen Vinemagum Vimesium a Tract in Picardy between Normandy to the South the Mouth of the Somme to the North and the British Sea to the West Uimory a Village in the Province of Gastinois in France one League from Montargis where the Duke of Guise obtained a Victory over the Foreign Forces that came to the succor of the Huguenots in 1587. Uinay the same with Vence Uincennes a famous Palace and Castle Royal near Paris to the East surrounded with a large Park which Philip the August K. of France walled in 1183. There was a Castle standing there at that time Philip de Valois in 1327. demolish'd that old Castle and laid the foundations of a new one in the same place K. John carried on the Work and Charles V. born here in 1338 brought it to perfection In 1614. The Qu. Regent of France Maria de Medicis adorned it with a Gallery and 1660. Lewis XIV established both the Palace and Castle in their present State Three of the Kings of France have died here Lewis X. in 1316. Henry V. K. of England and by Conquest of France in 1422. Charles IX in 1574. The Chappel of the Castle received its Foundation from Charles V. in 1379. In this Chappel the body of Card. Mazarine dying here in 1661 rested till in the year 1684 it was removed to the Church of the College of his own name at Paris and his heart given to the Theatines The Castle now serves for a Prison of State and Persons of great note have often found their Tombs in it Uindish Marck Vindorum Marchia a part of the Dukedom of Carniola between Croatia to the East Czirknitzerzee to the West and the Save to the North. The principal places of which are Metling Rudelswerd and Ribnick Uinoxberg See Bergue S. Vinoch a City of Flanders Taken by the French in 1646. Retaken by the Spaniards in 1658. Uintuniglia Albintiminium Albintemelium Vintimilium a City of Liguria in the States of Genoua which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan fifteen Miles from Nizza to the West Uipao Frigius a River of Carniola called by the Germans Wipach by the Italians Vipao It ariseth out of the Alpes in the Borders of Carniola near the Castle of Wipach and flowing through the Dukedom of Goritia between it and Gratz falls into the Isonzo Upon the Banks of this River Theodosius the Great overthrew Eugenius the Usurper in 394. Uique See Vich Uire Viria a City in the Lower Normandy of good esteem upon a River of the same name twelve Leagues from Caen to the North-West and a little more from Coutance to the East Uirginia a Country in North America Bounded on the South by Carolina on the East by the Vergivian Ocean on the North by Maryland on the West by Mountains and a vast Tract of undiscovered Lands First discovered by Sabastian Cabot a Portuguese in an English Ship in 1497. Viewed by Sir Fran. Drake called Virginia by Sir Walter Rawleigh in Honour of Qu. Elizabeth in 1584. First planted in 1607. by Sir John Popham The Air is pleasant and wholsome except in the Lowlands and Marshes Subject to violent changes especially when the North-West Winds blow which coming from Mountains always covered with Snow
of it is to be seen the Bridge of Loyang over the River Loyang 360 Perches long about one and an half broad so curiously contrived with great Pillars instead of Arches and so finely imbellished with Sculptures as no where to find a Parallel in the World Cividad del Roy Philippo a Colony of Spaniards planted in Magellanica at the Mouth of the Streights of Magellan but dissipated by Famine again it being far remote from their Countries and seldom visited Civita Nova a small Town in the Marcha Anconitana in Italy 5 or 6 Miles from Loretto and near the Adriatick upon a Hill dignified with the Title of a Dukedom Civita Busella Bucellum a Town in the hither Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples upon the River Sangro Civita Vecchia a famous Port in S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy believed by some to be the Centum Cellae of the Antients Civitella a Town in the farther Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples upon a Rock with the River Librata at the Foot of it Besieged by the French in 1557. under the Duke of Guise in vain Clagenfurt Clagenfurtum Claudia the Capital Town of the Dutchy of Carinthia in Germany â— Leagues from the River Drave and the same Distance from S. Veir There is a great Lake near it It is a fortified Town See Klagenfurt Clain Clanis Clitis a River of the Province of Poictou in France which having received the Vonne the ClouÌ„ere c. passes by Poictiers and loses its Name at length in the Vienne below Chasteleraud Clairvaux Clarevallum a famous Abbey of Champaigne upon the River Aube in the Diocese of Langres 5 or 6 Leagues from the said City Founded in the Year 1115. by the Great S. Bernard Himself being the first Abbot Who left above â—00 Religious in it at his Death Hence the Title of Abbas Clarevallensis given that very Divine Person Clare Clarence Clarentia a Country-Village in the County of Suffolk upon the River Stour which divideth Essex from Suffolk about 6 Miles West of Sudbury It had once a Castle but now ruined yet famous for the great Men who have born the Titles of Earls or Duke of it The last of which was George Duke of Clarence Brother to Edward IV. King of England who in 1421. was drowned in a Butt of Malmesey The second King at Arms retains the Surname of Clarencieux as appertaining formerly to the Dukes of Clarence At present the Title of Earl of Clare is in the Family of Hollis § There is also a Town and County in the Province of Connaught in Ireland of this Name the former standing near the Fall of the River Fergus into the Shannon Clarendon or Clarindon is a Noble Country House and Park belonging heretofore to the Kings of England about 2 Miles North of Salisbury in Wiltshire Famous of old for a Parliament here held in 1164. where were made the Constitutions of Clarindon Charles II. of blessed Memory added a new and lasting Honor to this Place when April 20. 1661. three Days before his Coronation he created the Loyal Edward Hide late Lord Chancellor Earl of Clarâ—ndon Viscount Cornbury c. who dying at Roüen in Normandy in 1674. was succeeded by Henry his eldest Son a Person of great Virtue and Goodness Clarentia or Clarenza a Country in the Morea described to contain the antient Achaia properly so called Sicyonia and Corinth Heretofore renowned under particular Dukes of its own The capital City bears the same Name of Clarenza Claros a mountainous Island of the Aegean Sea consecrated in antient times to Apollo Called at present Calamo § The Name of Claros is likewise born by a Town now unknown but mentioned we find amongst the Antients as belonging to the Colophonii in Ionia Apollo having had an Oracle in it and his Attribute thence deriv'd of Clarius Deus Claven Cleven Clavenna a small City in the Valtoline with an Earldom call'd by the Germans the Graffschaft von Cleven This City stands 5 Leagues from the Lake that bears its Name to the North upon the River Maiera called by the French Chiavenne Clausenbourg Claudipolis called by the Inhabitants Coloswar is the principal Town in Transylvania great populous and ennobled with an antient Castle All the Publick Affairs of that Principality are transacted and Justice administred here It stands upon the River Samosch nine German Miles from A'ba Jùlia North and fifteen from Waradin East The Duke of Lorrain put into it an Imperial Garrison Oct. 19. 1687. upon Articles agreed in a peaceable manner by the Magistrates and Governor for the late Prince Abafti Clay a Market-Town in the County of Norfolk and the Hundred of Holt. Clazomenae the Birth-place of the Philosopher Anaxagoras an antient City of Ionia in Asia Minor built in the Year of Rome 98. upon the Aegeun Sea betwixt Smyrna and Chio. Clebuâ—g Mortimer a Market-Town in Shropshire in the Hundred of Stottesden Clerac or Clairac a Town in the County of Agennois in Guyenne in France 4 Leagues from Agen and the same Distance from Nerac It stands upon the River Lot which a little below falls into the Garonne And has a famous Abbey in it Clermont en Argene a Town in the Dukedom of Bar upon the River Ayr four Leagues from Verdun West and seven from Barleduc North-East This belongeth to the Duke of Lorrain but in 1654. was taken from him and annexed to the Crown of France It is honoured with the Title of an Earldom Clermont en Auvergne Arvernae Claromons Claromontium the principal City of the Province of Auvergne and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourges It stands upon a declining ground in a Territory called Limaigne which is very fruitful upon the River Tiretaine twenty Leagues South of Moulins and twenty five East of Limoges Here was a General Council celebrated in 1095. under Pope Vrban II. in which the Croisade for the recovery of the Holy Land was concluded and Godfrey of Bouillon declared General of the same Also Philip I. King of France was excommunicated until his repentance for Adultery This is thought to have arisen out of the Ruines of Gergovia an old Roman Town It is honoured with the Title of an Earldom belonging to the Crown ever since the Union of Auvergne with the Crown Clermont on Beauvais a Town in the Isle of France five Leagues South of Beauvais in the North-East Border of that County The Earldom of this place is famous for giving a beginning to the Royal House of Bourbon in the Person of Robert of France Earl of Clormont en Beavais the Son of St. Lewis Clermont de Lodeve a Town in Languedoc upon the River Lorgue four and twenty Leagues from Avignon West So distinguished because standing in the Diocese of Lodeve It gives Name to an Honourable Family and is beautified with a Collegiate Church a Cattle and some Monasteries § There are other Clermonts in this Kingdom One in Danphine in the Territory of Viennois giving the Title of an Earldom
to Count Teckeley who commanded the Action for seventy Rix Dollars Crosno Crosna a small City in the Black Russia in the Kingdom of Poland in the Palatinate of Primyslie near the Carpathian Hills and the Rivers Visloc and Jasiolde Crossen Crossa a City in the Province of Silesia and Kingdom of Bohemia upon the River Oder where it entertains the River Borber from the South about ten Miles above Franckfort This is the Capital of a small Dukedom which being many Ages ago mortgaged to the Duke of Brandenburg and not redeemed in due time has ever since been in his Possession Crotona an ancient City in the Further Calabria in Italy which is now a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio Milo and several other famous Athletae were Natives of this place in whose times it was no less than twelve Miles in circuit Croty a Sea-Port on the North side of the Somme in Picardy two French Miles from Asselane to the South and the same distance from Caen in Normandy to the North. Crouch one of the little Rivers of the County of Essex Crow or le Crou Crodoldus sometimes called Gonnesse is a River in the Isle of France which arising above a Village called Louvre five Miles East from St. Dennis falls into the Seine at S. Dennis Crowland a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Ellow upon the River Weeland in a very fenny low ground The best Streets of it are severed from each other not unlike Venice by interjacent Water-courses and the Causeys leading to it so narrow that no Carts can possibly pass which may justifie the Proverb saying All the Carts which come to Crowland are shod with Silver Croy a Village in Picardy two or three Leagues from Amiens giving its Name to a Family of Honor in the Low Countreys Croydon or Croyden Neomagus a Market Town in Surrey the Capital of its Hundred seated near the Spring head of the River Wandle nine Miles from London where the Archbishop of Canterbury has a Countrey House it has an Hospital for the Poor and a Free-School for Children founded by Archbishop Whitgift Crumaw or Crumeaw Crumaviae a Town in the Province of Moravia in Germany betwixt Brin and Znaim adorned with the Title of a Dukedom and a fine Castle Crussol a Seigniory in the Province of Vivaretz in France near the Rhosne giving its Name and the Title of Earl to an Honourable Family Cresiphon an ancient Town of the Kingdom of Assyria near the Tygris said to be built by the Parthians Cuama or Coama a River of the Kingdom of Sofala in Africa said to derive its Source from the Lake of Sachaf where it has the Name of Zamber towards the Mountains of the Moon the same Lake that the Moderns take to be the Head of the Nile Cuba an Island in the Bay of Mexico in America to the South of Florida which is one of the greatest that belongs to that part of the World It has on the East Hispaniola divided from it by a Bay of the breadth of fourteen Spanish Leagues on the West the firm Land of America on the South Jamaica at the distance of nineteen Leagues In length two hundred Spanish Leagues in breadth not above thirty five The greatest part of it is Mountainous but well watered Infinitely peopled when the Spaniards discovered it but they destroy'd all the Inhabitants and have not been able yet to people it themselves so that the greatest part is desolate This and Jamaica were the first Places of America which Columbus discovered in 1492. There are six Cities in this Island the principal of which is St. Jago on the South side and Havana a noble and well fortified Sea-Port on the North side under the Tropick of Cancer Cuckfield or Cuxfield a Market Town in Sussex in Lewis Rape Cuco a strong City by Situation upon a high Hill in the Kingdom of Algiers in Africa towards the River Major The Soil it stands in affords plenty of all things necessary for humane life Cucusa an ancient City of Armenia the Less upon the Frontiers of Cilioia and Cappadocia having formerly born the honour of an Episcopal See and the more remark'd in History for being the place whither S. John Chrysostom was banished by the order of the Empress Eudoxa Cuenca Concâ—a a City of New Castile in Spain which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo the Capital of La Sierra It stands in a Rocky and Mountainous Country upon the River Xucar twenty five Leagues East from Toledo and thirty four West from Valencia Built by the Goths out of the Ruines of a Roman City called Valeria not far distant The Moors became next Masters of it and kept it till 1177. when the Spaniards recovered it again Cueva a Town in the Kingdom of Castile in Spain giving its Name there to a Family of Honor. Cufa a City of Chaldaea or Yerach in Asia upon the West side of Euphrates sixty Miles South from Bagdet or Babylon on the Borders of Arabia Deserta and heretofore the Residence of the Califfs after that it was under the Persians and at present under the Turks being much declined from its ancient Splendor Wealth and Greatness Long. 79. 10. and Lat. 32. 00. forty five German Miles above Balsera North. Cuhiung a City and Territory of the Province of Junnan in China having Jurisdiction over six other old Cities and standing in a fruitful and pleasant Country that is provided with Mines of Silver and Precious Stones Cujavio Cujavia a Province of the Kingdom of Poland bounded on all sides by the greater Poland but the North where it has Prussia The chief Town is Brestia Brezestie ten Miles from Thorn to the South and thirty from Damzick Culhu Cullus a Town and Port upon the Mediterranean in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa where the River Collo or Culhu is discharged into the Sea betwixt Hipone and Bugia Culliton a Market Town in Devonshire the Capital of its Hundred Culm a City of Poland upon the Vistula in Prussia built upon a Hill This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnesa though heretofore under the Archbishop of Riga built in 1223. by the Knights of the Teutonick Order but having suffered much in the Swedish Wars it is now almost desolate and the Bishop has removed his Palace to Colme three Miles more to the East Culm stands twenty Miles South of Dantzick and ten North from Waldislaw and is the Capital of a little Country adjacent called by the Inhabitants Colmischland Culembach Culembachium a small Town in Franconia upon the River Mayn near the Rise of it six Miles from Bamberg East and as many from Coberg South-East the Capital of a Marquisate belonging to the Duke of Brandenburg and part of the Burgravate of Noremburg between the Territory of Bamberg to the West Misnia to the North Bohemia and Bavaria to the East and Norimburg to the South belonging also to the Duke of Brandenburg Culembourg
Jupiter the other to Venus heretofore are yet visible upon it England Anglia called by the French Angleterre by the Italians Inghilterra by the Germans Engel-landt by the Spaniards Inglaterra is the greatest the most Southern and the best Part of the Island of Great Britain called heretofore Albion Britannica and Britannia Which noble Island is divided into three Parts England Wales and Scotland England has Scotland on the North the Irish Sea in part and Wales in part and then the Irish Sea again on the West the British Sea on the South and the German Sea on the East Between 17. and 22. Deg. of Long. between 50. and 57. of N. Lat. It lies together with Wales in the Form of a great Triangle whereof the Southern Shoar is the Base and Berwick the opposite Angle from whence to the Lands End it is accounted three hundred eighty six Miles Long and two hundred seventy nine Broad containing in that Compass about thirty Millions of Acres of Land It was divided by the Romans into five Parts by the Saxons into seven Kingdoms and now into forty one Shires or Counties In which the Parishes amount to about ten thousand The Air is very Temperate both in Winter and Summer being warmed in the one and cooled in the other by the Sea-Vapors the Soil for the most part very fruitful watered with three hundred twenty five Rivers The Inhabitants Valiant and Industrious And as Nature has given it whatever is absolutely necessary to the Life of Man so the Natives by their Trade and Commerce bring in from abroad what may be had throughout the World for Convenience Delight Magnificence and Ornament It has also the best Government and the best constituted Religion of any Nation in the World and as much Learning Civility Arts and Trade as any other Our Fleets excel at Sea our Foot at Land those of all other Nations In short we want nothing to make us happy but Gratitude to God and Union amongst our selves This Island became first known to the Romans about fifty years before the Birth of Christ Julius Caesar entered it with a Fleet in the Year of the World 3895. and renewed his Attempt the year following but the Civil Wars breaking out between him and Pomper the Romans made little Progress here though they kept their Ground till the Reign of Claudius who entered Britain in Person and staying not long his General Aulus Plautius carried on the War so that he took in the greatest part of this Island now called England and under him Vespasian learned the Art of War Didius Avitus succeeded as General and Nero as Emperor under whom the Romans were in great Danger of an utter Extirpation from the Britains But this Storm blowing over they conquered all they cared for as far the Fyrths of Galloway and Edinburgh in Scotland only their ordinary and standing Bounds were between Newcastle and Carlisle They continued their Possession till the year of Christ 433. and then withdrew to desend their nearer Dominions on the Continent against the prevailing barbarous Northern Nations In 449. the Saxons were called in to help the Britains against the Picts those Nations that had never been subject to the Romans in the North of Britain In 455. Hengist their General set up the Kingdom of Kent and began the Conquest of the British By the year 819. the Heptarchy or seven Kingdoms of the Saxons united in one under Egbert King of the West-Saxons which Union received its utmost Perfection under Alfrid about 873. The Danes who had given Occasion to this Union pursuing their Depredations at last conquered the Saxons in 1018. and set up Sweno a Prince of their own In 1042. Edward the Confessor restored the Saxon Line which was broken by William the Conqueror in 1066. But the Blood was again restored by Henry II. in 1155. Edward I. united Wales in 1246. K. Henry II. began and K. John finished the Conquest of Ireland about the Year 1184. in the Reign of Richard I. his Brother In the year 1602. James I. K. of Scotland succeeding Qu Elizabeth of Blessed Memory united Scotland to England And the great Rebellion in 1640. ended in 1660. by the Restitution of Charles the Merciful and Just Yet the Miseries that brought it in the Calamities that attended it and the Judgments that have followed it may be eternal Monitors to English Men to be Loyal to the King and stedfast to the Church Engur Astelfus a River of Asia which springeth from Mount Caucasus and watering Mengrelia falls into the Euxine or Black Sea between Charus and Hippus Twenty Miles North of Chobus another River of the same Country Engury Ancyra a City of Galatia in the Lesser Asia upon the River Parthenius now Sangari which falls into the Black Sea at Cangary This was the Metropolis of Galatia yet seated in the Confines of Paphlagonia on an advanced Ground And made Famous by a Council here held in 314. and another in 357. Called by the Turks Enguri Engouri Angouri or Anguri fifty Miles to the East from Scutari and sixty from Smyrna to the N. East It is now considerable and the Capital of one of the Turkish Provinces in Asia Mithridates the Famous King of Pontus was overthrown by Pompey near this City-Bajazet the Turk in the year 1403. was in the same Place taken Prisoner by Tamerlane the Scythian Conqueror Long. 62. 10. Lat. 42. 30. Enham Aenhamum a Town in the County of Southampton in the Hundred of Andover Of Note for a Council here congregated of the Bishops of both the Provinces in the Year 1009. under the Reign of King Ethelred Enkoping Enecopia a Town in the Province of Vplandia in the Kingdom of Sweden near the Lake Meler five or six Leagues from Vpsal Enna an ancient City standing heretofore in the Center of the Island of Sicily and Famous both for a Temple dedicated to the Goddess Ceres Ennea and for the excellentest Springs in all the Island which are applauded by Cicero and Diodorus The Bellum Servile of Sicily was raised by Syrus Ennus of this Place and ended with the Reduction of this Place also under the Conduct of Pimperna Eno Aenos a City of Thrace called by the Turks Ygnos by the Greeks Eno. It stands on the Archipelago at the Mouth of the River Hebrus now Mariza which runs a little South of Adrianople and here falls into the Sea over against the Isle of Samandrachi forty Miles from the new Dardanels to the North and sixty five English Miles from Adrianople South Is now a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Constantinople Enrichemont See Boisbelle Ens Claudivium Claudionum Anisus is both a River and a City of Austria the River riseth in the Bishoprick of Saluburgh near Rachstad and running North-East as far as Newmarckt it takes in that of Celstal North-West it meets the Steyr at Steyr Castle and there it turns to the North and washeth the East Side of the City of Ens half a German
to Religion of this Age. The result of it was this the learned Thuanus and Pithaeus being Commissioners for ordering of the Dispute on the Roman Catholicks side and Isaac Casaubon with others according to the Kings appointment for the Huguenots After an Examination of nine Passages that day it appearing sometimes the Objection was taken for the Answer sometimes Words omitted and Sentences curtailed and others misapplied there was no continuing of the Conference longer for Du Plessis retired into the Country sick and dyed soon after In 1679. there was a Peace concluded here between the Crowns of Sweden and Denmark by which the Swedes recovered whatever had been taken from them by the Danes Fontanelle a Village and Monastery in Normandy upon the Seyne twelve Miles from Roan to the East Fontana Bianca Naustathmus a Sea-Port on the Eastern Shoar of Sicily at the mouth of the River Cacyparis twelve Miles from Syracuse to the South Fontarabia Fons Rapidus called by the Inhabitants Fuenteravia and sometimes Ondarrivia and Ondar Ibaya by the French Fontarabie by the Italians Fontarabia is a very strong Town in Guipuscoa in Spain upon the Shoars of the Bay of Biscay upon the River Vidosa Bassages in the Confines of France and Spain Built by the Goths in 625. It belonged as is pretended heretofore to France as part of the Territory of Bayonne and subject to that Bishop till Philip II. King of Spain in 1571. caused it to be taken from that Diocese It is so seated that at low Water it is easily entered but at high Water surrounded with the Sea and so fortified besides that a few Men may defend it against a vast Army so that it is the Key of the Kingdom of Spain and also a convenient Haven The French have had an Eye upon this place In 1638. under the Prince of Conde and the Duke of Espernon they attempted to reduce it but were beaten off with great shame and loss the two Generals mutually blaming each other after the ill success I have read that Charles V. after he had fortified this place called it his Pillow upon which he could securely sleep and it has proved so Fontenay a Town near Auxerre in the Province of Burgundy in France famous in History for the bloody Battel fought at it betwixt the four Sons of Lewis the Debonnaire in 841 wherein above a hundred thousand men were slain upon the place with the Victory to the two younger Brothers Charles the Bald and Lewis the German Fontenay le Comte Fontenacum Fontenaeum the chief Town of Poictou upon the River Vendee seven Miles North-East of Fochel it is a fine Town seated at the foot of an Hill and made rich by a great Fair kept here Fonteuralt Fons Ebraldi a little Town in Anjou in France which has a very much celebrated Nunnery the Abbess of which is Head of the Order and governs all the Men of that Order It stands about one League from the Loyre and three from Salmur to the North-East Forcalquier Forum Neronis once a City of Gallia Narbonensis mentioned by Pliny now a Town in Provence upon the River Laye which is the Capital of a County of the same name It stands upon an Hill between Sisteron to the South-East and Apt Apta Julia to the north-North-East six Miles from the latter and eleven from Aix to the North. The Title of Earl of this place and the Lands adjacent is born by the Crown Forcheim Forchena Locoritum Trutavia a small City in Franconia upon the River Rednitz where it takes in the Wisent to the North four Miles from Bamberg to the South under the Bishop of Bamberg Forcone Avia Furconium once a City of Italy now a Village in the further Abruzzo upon the River Pescara Aternus eight Miles from Aquila to which place the Bishops See was removed upon the ruin of this ancient City by the Lombards Fordingbridg a Market Town in the County of Southampton The Capital of its Hundred Fordon Fordunum a strong Town in the County of Mern in the North of Scotland ten Miles from the German Ocean and fifteen from Aberdeen to the North-East In this Place John de Fordon the Author of the Scotichronicon was born but it was anciently much more honoured on the account of Palladius the Apostle of the Scotch here buried who was sent by Pope Celestine in 431. to Preach the Christian Faith to this Nation Fordsham a Market Town in Cheshire upon the Banks of the River Weever Fordwich a Member of the Town and Port of Sandwich in Kent Forenza Forentum a Town in Abruzzo in Italy Le Foretz or Foresiens a Country of France extended in length from North to South upon the River Loyre and bounded on the North by Bourbon on the West by Auvergne on the East by Beaujolois and on the South by Velay It is divided into the Upper Foretz in which are Feâ—rs and St. Estienne and the Lower in which is Monbrison the Capital and Roanne This is a very fruitful County under the Jurisdiction of Lyon Forest Noire or the Black Forest a large Wood extending from South to North the space of ten or twelve Leagues as far as to the Neighbourhood of Strasburgh beginning about Basil The four Towns standing at a little distance from the head of it viz. Rhinfeldâ— Lauffembourg Seckinghen and Waldshust are hence called the four Forest Towns La Forest Sebusiani or Segusiani Populi the same with Foretz La Forest de Biere Sylva Bierica the Wood by Fountain-bleau La Forest de Bondis Sylva Bugiensis a Forest on the borders of Savoy The Forest of Dean a vast Wood in Glouoestershire which in ancient Times was exceeding dark and terrible to pass through between the River Wye and the Severn it was so great an Harbor for Thieves that robbed all Passengers that in the Reign of Henry VI. of England there were Laws made to restrain them but saith Mr. Cambden since the rich Iron Mines were found here those frightful Woods by degrees became much thinner than before and the Rebels of 1640. promoted it by selling the Timber of it to the Hollanders who returned their kindness by a War in Ships built of the same Forflamine Forum Flaminii a City of Vmbria ruined by the Lombards in 740. It stood three Miles from Nuceria Forli Forum Livii a City of Romandiola which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ravenna It stands in a Plain near the little River Ronco and the foot of the Hills with a Castle at the distance of fifteen Miles from Ravenna to the South between the Cities of Cesena and Faventia within the Dominions of the Pope Blondus the Historian was born here La Formentera Ophiusa one of the two Islands which were antiently called Pityusae in the Mediterranean upon the Coast of Spain toward Ivica As desart now as we read it was in Strabo's time inhabited only by a number of wild Asses Formigue Formicae one of the Isles de Hyeres upon the
which it sprung A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio from which it lies twenty seven Miles to the North-East Giera-petra Hiera-petra Hyerpytna a City of Candia or Creet which has a Castle and an Haven such as it is and heretofore a Bishops See it lies on the South side of the Island in the Territory of Sitia near Mount Malaura sixteen Miles from Setia to the West now under the Dominion of the Turks Giessen Giessa a small but very strong City in Hassia in Germany upon the River Lhone four Leagues from Marpurg to the South It was of late years made an University and is the strongest Town in this Province under the Landtgrave of Darmstadt in part and of Cassel in part Giffhorn a Town in the Dutchy of Lunenburg in the Lower Saxony upon the River Allere three or four Leagues from Brusnwick and a little more from Zell Gigel Gigeri Gigari Igiti a City of Africa heretofore a Bishops See but now a small Village in the Province of Bugia in the Kingdom of Algier twenty seven Miles from Algier to the East upon the Shoars of the Mediterranean Taken by the French in 1664. and afterwards deserted There was another City which Ptolemy calls Colops and placeth in the Province of Zeugitania which is now called Giger Giglio Igilium Iginium Egilium a small Mountainous Island in the Tyrrhenian Sea which has in it one Village and a Castle and belonged heretofore to the Republick of Sienna with which it came into the hands of the Duke of Tuscany It lies about a Mile from the nearest Coast of Italy between 34. and 35. deg of Long. in Lat. 41. 55. Gihon one of the four Rivers springing from the Paradise of Adam and Eve Gen. 2. 13. Josephus makes it the same with the Nile others with the Araxes See Nilus Gilan Gelae Gilania a Province of Persia upon the South side of the Caspian Sea which from it is often called the Sea of Gilan The chief City of this Province is Gilan and stands upon the River Abisirni twenty five German Miles from the Caspian Sea in Long. 90. 13. and Lat. 40. Gilboa a Chain of Mountains in the Holy Land extended the length of ten or twelve Leagues from the City Jezrael to Jordan along the Tribe of Issachar and the Vpper Galilee Famous in the Jewish History for the encampment defeat and death of King Saul and his three Sons here in a Battel with the Philistines and for David's cursing these Mountains with Barrenness for Jonathan's sake They are almost all covered with Stones Taking their Name some suppose from an ancient City Gilboa As at this time we are told of a considerable Town called Gilbus standing amongst them Gilead The Mount properly in the Region of Trachonitis in Palestine whereat Jacob and Laban passed a Covenant with each other Gen. 31. But afterwards extended to express the Cities and Country adjacent which were given by Moses to the Tribe of Gad Josh 13. 25. Gillesland a Tract in the North parts of the County of Cumberland from whence the Earl of Carlisle receives the title of Baron Dacre of Gillesland Gilolo an Island in the East Indian Ocean to the west of the Moluccaes and East of the Terra des Papaous in 165. deg of Long. It has four Points of Land shooting forth into the Sea as many different ways One about twenty another fifty Leagues Long. The Capital of it is called Gilolo also Gindes a River springing from the Martian Mountains of Armenia and ending in the Tigris In which course it retarding the passage of Cyrus's Army to the Siege of Babylon he broke it into three hundred and sixty Channels Gingi Gingis a great City in the Promontory of Malabar in the East-Indies which gives Name to a Province This City was heretofore under the King of Bisnagar but has now a Prince of its own it is very strong and has a Castle built upon a Rock The Province or Kingdom of Gingi has Bisnagar to the North the Gulph of Bengala on the East the Mountains of Malabar on the West and the Kingdom of Tanjaour to the South Gingiro a Kingdom in the Lower Aethiopia towards Melincle Zanguebar and the Eastern Ocean Ginopoli Gemanopolis Jonopolis a City of Paphligonia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gangra It lies upon the Black Sea ten German Miles West of Carambis the most Northern Cape of the Lesser Asia Giordano Jordan Giorgiana Georgia Giovenazzo Juvenacium a Maritim City of Apulia Pucetia now Terra di Lavoro upon the Gulph of Venice between Bari to the North and Trani to the South welve Miles from the first and a little morefrom the latter In Long. 40. 50. Lat. 41. 12. This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari It stands upon an Hill and is almost incompassed with the Sea Giovenco Juvencus Invectus a River of Italy in the Kingdom of Naples which falls into the Lake of Celano at the foot of the Appennine forty five Miles West of Rome in the Province of Abruzzo Heretofore it passed through the Lake without mixing with it but whether it passeth into any other River or is swallowed up by the subterraneous passages which carry away the waters of that Lake Leandro has not informed us Gir a River of Africa which rising in Biledulgerida not far from the Atlantick Ocean runs Eastward and passing under several Chains of Hills and Mountains at last falls into Nile above the Cataracts of Egypt It is a vast and wonderful River in all things and deserves a more particular description if the Counties through which it passes were so known to us as to enable us to give it Girgia See Hyrach Girigo Girgium a City of the Vpper Egypt near the Nile the Capital of a Province which takes its Name from this City betwixt Barbanda and the Sahid Otherwise written Girgilo Girmasti Caicus a River of the Lesser Asia which rising by a City of the same Name washeth Judai Pergama Caristo and Stinga then falls into the Archipelago over against the Isle of Metellino The City of Girmasti was of Old called Hierogerma and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cyzioeno called only Germa in the Councils being attributed by some to Mysia Minor by others to Phrygia Minor it lies between Balichstria to the East and Pergama to the West Giro or Palmacia Venaria a small Island on the Eastern Coasts of Genoua Girona Gerunda a City of Catalonia in Spain built by Gerion a celebrated Hero who is said to have lived Anno Mundi 2840. and to have been Contemporary with Hely the Judge of Israel It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona of a large extent seated partly upon the descent of a Hill partly upon a Plain ennobled with two Bridges one in the City over the River Oingar and the other without the City on the North side over the River Ter and besides is very well fortified and honoured with the
now exempted and is one of the States united in the Dutch League § Het Groeningerlandt the Province belonging to this City was heretofore a part of Friesland It s present bounds on the North are the German Ocean and the overflown Shallows on the West Friesland divided from it by the River Lavica on the South Overyssel and on the East East-Friesland from which it is divided by the vast Lake called Dollert The principal City is Groeningen It was of old subject to the Bishop of Vtretcht from whom the City revolted and put it self under the Duke of Guelderland in 1515. It submitted also to Charles V. in 1536. and under that Family continued till 1594. when it was taken by the Forces of the Vnited Provinces from the Spaniards This Province enjoys the last Voice in the Assemblies of the States General Groen-Land or Green-Land Gronia called by the French Terreverte by the Dutch Spitsbergen is a considerable part of the Artick Continent which lies more North than Island First discovered by Ericus Rufus an Islander in 982. After this it was searched and inhabited towards the Shoars by the Danes and Norwegians In 1256. Magnus King of Norway sent a Royal Navy to reduce the Inhabitants who had refused to pay him Tribute But from 1379 all Navigation thither was intermitted and the Inhabitants heard of no more The more Southern parts were again discovered about the end of the last Century by Martin Forbisher an Englishman George Monk a Dane and others yet there can very little be said of it remarkable but its Harbours frequented by the Europeans for Fishing By several advances in succeeding times the Land is discovered to deg 78. of Latitude whether it be an Island or a part of the American or any other Continent is not known Hofman saith the Inhabitants live on Fish and Fowl whereas most I might perhaps say all that have sailed thither pretend to have found no other Inhabitants than Wolves Bears Foxes and Deer It s moâ—â— Southern Cape is in deg 66. of Latitude It has perpetual day during our Summer and Night during our Winter and three months longer for their Summer lasts only three months and fourteen days Grol Grolle or Groenlo Grola is a City belonging to the Vnited Provinces in Guelderland in the District of Zutphen little but well fortified and seated upon the River Slinke Taken from the Dutch by the Marquess of Spinola in 1605. Again by the Dutch in 1617. By the French in 1672. and again deserted in 1674 This City is in the borders of Westphalia and of the Bishoprick of Munster four Leagues from Zutphen to the East There is a Tract written by Grotius entituled Obsidio Grollae Groneburgh See Tavasthus Grosseto Grossetum Rosetum a small City in the State of Siena in Italy upon the Sea Shoar which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Siena and has a Castle that is very strong It stands about three Miles from the River Ombrone to the North-West near the Lake of Prilis now di Castiglione or di Buriano and four from Siena South This City sprung up out of the ruins of Rusellae which stood about two Miles from it Grosso Ticarius a River of Corsica on the South side of the Island Groswerder an Island of Prussia at the Mouth of the Vistula Grosverner or le Grand Brenner that part of the Alpes next Trent Grotkaw Grotkavia a small City of Bohemia in Silesia the Capital of a Dukedom of the same Name under the Dominion of the Bishop of Breslaw from which it is distant seven Miles to the South and thirteen from Prague to the East The Dukedom of Grotkaw is a part of the Vpper Silesia in Bohemia which has belonged to the Bishoprick of Breslaw from the times of Priteslaus Pogarellus Bishop of that Diocese who bought it of Bolâ—slaus Duke of Lignitz and Brieg and annexed it for ever to this See It lies between the Dukedom of Oppelen to the East Monsterberg to the West Brieg to the North and Niessa to the South Grotkaw and Niessa are the principal places in it La Grotta de Cani a pestilential Cavern near the Lake Agnano in Italy four Leagues from Naples towards Pozzuoli call'd likewise the Cavern of Charon from the mortal malignity of the Air and Vapours within it In 1628. Kircher says he tryed the experiment of letting down a dog into it which thereupon became as perfectly dead but taken up and plunged in the Lake Agnano he revived again to 1. Mund. Subter And from this sort of quality it comes to bear the name of de Cani La Grotta di Napoli Crypta Neapolitana a Read cut a-cross the foot of the Mountain Posilipo twelve foot deep and broad and half a League long in the way betwixt Naples and Pozzuoli in Italy for the convenience of a shorter Passage from the one to the other It was the work of Lucullus who empoly'd a hundred thousand men about it and finished it in fifteen days Grubenhagen a Castle and Territory in the Lower Saxony in the Dukedom of Brunswick towards the Mountains not far from the River Leina almost five Miles from Gottingen to the North and eight from Goslar to the South-West twenty seven from Bremen to the South-East This is the Capital of a Dukedom the only City in which is Eimberke two Miles North of this Castle which belongs to the Duke of Brunswick Hannover Gruninghen a Town in the Principality of Halberstad in the Lower Saxony Guadajox Salsum a River of Andalusia which at first was called Biboras or Viboras but taking in the two small Rivolets of Tovazo and Salado it has the name of Guadajox and falls into the Guadalquivir between Sevil and Cordova Guadalajara Guadalaxara a City in New Spain which is the Capital of New Gallicia and is very considerable being seated upon the River Baranja and built in 1531 by the Spaniards under whom it is This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico ever since 1570 when the See was translated from Compostella hither and the Seat of the Parliament or Courts of Justice of this Province It is forty Leagues distant from the South Sea and eighty from Mexico to the West standing in a well watered and fruitful Plain The Province of New Gallicia called of old Xalisco hath the name given it sometimes of Guadalajara from this City § Guadalajara a Town in New Castile the Capital of Algar upon the River Henares four Leagues from Henares Complutum to the East and nine from Madrid it has been called Carraca Guadalaviar Durias Turia a River in Valentia in Spain it ariseth in Arragon in the Confines of New Castile near the Head of Tagus Tajo and running Eastward watereth Albarazin and Tervel then turning South it entereth the Kingdom of Valentia and by the Capital City of it falls into the Bay of Valentia over against Majorca Guadalentin Chrysius Terebs a River of Spain which ariseth in Granada near Guadix and
of Edessa at first but afterwards it became the Metropolis it self Seated in the Province of Diarbeck near the River Chabor forty Miles from Edessa sixty from Euphrates to the East The Tartars under Tamberlane treated this City with great Cruelty since that it has been in a declining condition and now not much inhabited It is mentioned several times in the Holy Scriptures upon the account of Abraham's sojourning and burying his Father Terah here before he went into the Land of Canaan Gen. 11. 31. Acts 7. 4. in which last place it is called Charran in Mesopotamia And by Pliny and Ptolemy Charrae It s Long. is 73. 20. Lat. 36. 10. Heresbach a Town in the Diocese of Cleves in Germany Heri Aria a Province in Persia in Asia more commonly called Hera or Herat it has a City and a River of the same Name This River in the later Maps called Pulimoilon riseth out of the Mountains of Cassubi and washing the Walls of this City on all sides it standing in an Island falls into the Lake of Burgian The City is called Ser-heri in Long. 100. 13. and Lat 36. 20. Ninety German Miles West of Candahar one hundred and twenty South-East of the Caspian The Roses of this Province are thought the best in the World The Province of Heri is a part of that of Chorasan which is one of the most rich fertile and populous Provinces in all Persia In the City of Heri are made the best Persian Tapestries on which and other accounts it is much frequented by the Indians who must pass through it in their way to Persia See Olearius his Travels Herit Adramitae a Province in Arabia the happy Herma or Erma a City of Galatia called Germa or Therma by the ancient Geographers and now sometimes Germaste It stands in the Confines of Bithynia and Phrygia upon the River Sagarium Sacrio where it falls into the Casilirnach which falls into the Euxine Sea at Cagani twenty one German Miles East of Scutari This City is placed thirty six German Miles East of Bursia Now an Archbishop's See Long. 60. 10. Lat. 42. 25. Hermanstad Cibinium a City in Transylvania commonly by the Inhabitants called Seben and Zeben by the Italians Cibinio by the Germans Hermanstad The Capital of that Dukedom the Seat of the Prince a great populous strong well-built City seated in a Plain upon the River Cibinium Cibin which a little lower falls into the Aluta The Inhabitants are Saxons it stands fifteen Miles from Clausemberg to the East and eight from Alba Julia. A Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Colocza though there is now no Bishop of it The late Duke of Lorrain of famous Memory in November 1687. put into this place a Garrison of three thousand Imperialists by the agreement of Prince Abafti then Prince of Transylvania to enjoy the same for their Winter Quarters Hermanstein or Erenbreitstein Eremberti lapis a Castle in the Bishoprick of Trier in Germany upon the Rhine near its Confluence with the Moselle standing on a Rock that is on all sides inaccessible which makes it one of the strongest in Germany It sustained a long Siege in the year 1637. and could only at last be taken by Famine Hermanville a place near Calais in France Herndall Herndalia a part of Norway on this side the Mountains of Norway by the Province of Jemplandt on which depends Nomedale Hellegelandt Frostein Inder Heroa and some others which together with it were yielded to the Swedes in 1645. by the Danes Herou Heropolis a City of Egypt near the bottom of the Red Sea ninety miles from Damiata to the South-East about thirty five English Miles from Sues to the West and sixty from the next Shoar of the Mediterranean to the South Mentioned by Pliny and Ptolemy It s Long. 63. 30. Lat. 29. 50. Herstal Heristel or Haristal a Town upon the Maes near Liege in Westphalia adorned heretofore with a magnificent Palace built by Pepin King of France who resided so frequently at it that in the French History he is sirnamed Pepin of Heristel This Palace was afterwards destroyed by the Normans Hersteld a City in the Circle of Westphalia in Germany upon the River Weser belonging to the Bishops of Paderborne since the year 1608. The People of Paderborne conspiring once against their Bishop the Episcopal See was removed from Paderborne hither which was re-established at Paderborne again in 799. Charles the Great also resided here some considerable time Hertford Durocobriva a Town in a County of the same name in the South of England upon the River Lea or Ligean as the Saxons called it which runs through it In 607. here was a Synod Now saith Mr. Cambden it is not very populous yet for its Antiquity it deserves-regard It has given Name to this County and is reputed the Shire-Town It has a Castle built as some think by Edward the Elder enlarged by the Family De Clare to whom it belonged as Earls of Hertford in the times of Henry II. and King Stephen Afterwards it belonged to the Crown Edward III. granted it to John of Gaunt his Son then Earl of Richmond and after Duke of Lancaster Hertfordshire Herfordiae Comitatus Cattieuchlani hath on the North Cambridgeshire on the West Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire on the South Middlesex and on the East Essex it is very fruitful as to Corn and Pasture has plenty of Woods and Groves and for great Towns and Rivers it may vye with most Counties in England considering its bigness This County had first for Earls or Marquesses the Family De Clare who for seven Descents between 1139. and 1314. enjoyed this Title Being extinguished Henry VIII in 1537. created Edward Seymour Viscount Beauchamp Earl of Hertford who afterward in 1551. was made Duke of Sommerset being the fourteenth Earl and seventh of his Family who hath born this amongst other Titles of Honour Hertogenraiad Rodia Ducis a Town in Holland Hertzogthumb in the High Dutch signifies a Dukedom and is frequently used by them So Hertzogthumb Bremen is the Dukedom of Bremen Hertzogthumb Ferden is the Dukedom of Ferden Heruli an ancient People of the Country now called the Dukedom of Meckleburg in the Lower Saxony in Germany towards the Baltick Sea who established themselves in Italy in the fifth Century and were of the number of those Barbarians that formed their States upon the ruin of the Roman Empire Odoacer their King dispossessed Augustulus in the year 476. and having reigned about seventeen years he was slain by Theodorick King of the Ostrogoths The Emperor Justinian granted them Lands to cultivate whereupon they not only gave themselves entirely to him but became Christians and Gethesius their King was baptized in 528. Till this Conversion their Customs were to offer Men in Sacrifices to their Gods to kill the sick and aged to oblige Wives not to survive their Husbands and to indulge themselves in every voluptuousness Hervorden Hervordia a City in VVestphalia in the County of
to the North. Iser Isara a River of Germany in the Dukedom of Bavaria It ariseth in the Borders of the County of Tyrol three Miles from Inspruck to the West and flowing to the North through Bavaria watereth Munick or Munichen the Capital of that Dutchy and Frisingen beneath which the Amber Ambra from the West falls into it at Landschut and at last it ends in the Danube over against Derkendorf six Miles West of Passaw and the same distance above Straubing to the East L'Isere Isara a River in France which is caled Isar by Ptolemy and Scoras by Polybius it ariseth in the Territory of Tarentaise near Moutiers in the Dukedom of Savoy which it watereth beneath which it takes in the Arche from the South then passeth by Montmelian to Grenoble over against which it admits the Drac from the South and above Valence falls into the Rhosne It is a rapid River § There is another of this Name in the Dukedom of Bavaria in Germany Isernia Aesernia a City in the Kingdom of Naples by some called Sernia It stands in the Province of Molise and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Capua seated four Miles from the River Volturno to the East and the same from the Confines of the Terra di Lavoro at the foot of the Apennine thirty Miles from Capua to the North and almost twenty from Trivento to the South It is now in a tolerable good state and made more famous by the Birth of St. Peter Celestine a Pope Isin Istnisca a Village and a River in Bavaria six Miles from Munichen to the East Isis a River of Oxfordshire at the Confluence of which with the River Thame stands Dorchester in the same County Island Thule Islandia is a great Island in the Northern Ocean called by the Dutch Het Islandt by the Germans Ynslandt It lies between Norway to the East and Greenland to the West from East to West two hundred French Leagues and about half so broad Well peopled and fruitful towards the Sea-shoar but the middle is barren desolate and very Mountainous Nâ—ddock a Norwegian first discovered it in 860. and called it Sneeland that is the Land of Snow Flocko a Pyrate of Norway afterward gave it the Name of Isee-Land from the great quantity of Ice he found about it It began to be inhabited by the Norwegians under Ingulphus so soon as ever it was discovered that Nation being then dissatisfied with Horald their Prince It became subject to Norway in 1260. by doing Homage to that Crown and in the Right of that Kingdom it belongs to the King of Denmark who every year sends them a Governour who resides at the Castle of Bestede called otherwise Kronniges-Gard that is the Vice-Roys Residence They were converted to the Christian Faith by Adebert Bishop of Bremen Canutus King of the Vandals settled Bishops first amongst them in 1133. one at Hola another at Schalholt the two principal Cities and to each of them annexed a School They had at first neither Money nor Cities but lived in Caves in the sides of Mountains covered their Huts with Fishes Bones and eat dried Fish instead of Bread They speak the ancient Cimbrian Tongue In 1584 the Bible was Printed in their Language They have no Cattle but Horses and Cows nor any Trees but Box and Juniper The Country produceth so great a quantity of sweet Grass that their Cattle would burst 't is said if they did suffer them to eat it as they would On the East and West sides of the Isle there are burning Mountains The Inhabitants are strong and fierce It lies between eight and ten degrees of Long and in Lat. 67. one hundred and fifty German Miles from the Shoars of Norway to the West Their longest day in Summer is twenty four hours without night and their night in Winter when the Sun enters into Capricorn the same without day The Vulgar believe the Mountain Hecla to be the Prison of damned Souls Mines of Sulphur are found in it with which the Merchants drive a Traffick Isle de feu the Island of Fire one of the Islands of Cap. Verde upon the Coast of Africa so called from a burning Mountain therein It has a Port defended by a Fort on the North West The Ille of France Insula Franciae is a very great Province the most celebrated rich and populous of any in that Kingdom It is bounded on the North by Picardy on the East by Champagne on the West by Normandy and on the South by La Beausse it contains in it twelve Counties as le Parisis la Brie Francoise l' Hurepois le Gastinois le Mantoan le Vexin Francois le Beavoisis le Valois le Soissonois c. The principal City is Paris the Royal City of this Kingdom Islas de los Ladrones or Islas de las Velas by the French called Isles des Larrons a mass of little Islands in the Archipelago of St. Lazare betwixt the Oriental and the Pacifick Oceans extending from North to South at the extremity of our Hemisphere Eastward Discovered in 1520. by the famous Magellan Some inhabited by a salvage people whose addiction to Thievery occasioned this general ill name upon them all of the Islands of Thieves Yet the greatest part are barren They reckon fifteen principal ones The Air temperate but that the Hurricanes from time to time rage with violence These Salvages are excellent at making of Matts and they traffick to Tartary in Canoes Isle Maurice an Island in the Aethiopick Ocean to the East of Madagascar so named by the Hollanders in 1598. in honour of Maurice of Nassaw Prince of Orange But the Portugueze made the first discovery of it who called it Ilha do Cerno or Swan-Island the English also have given the Name of Warwick to its Haven In 1640. the Hollanders settled upon it and have built it a Fort. It yields Palm-trees Cocao Ebony plenty of Fish and Tortoises of a vast magnitude § There is another small Island of this Name near the Coast of Moscovia to the West of Weigats Streight discovered by the Hollanders in 1594. in their search for a North Passage to China Full of Lakes Ponds and Marishes Isles des Papas du Pape or des Princes called by the Turks Papas-Adasi by the Greeks Papadonisia or the Priests Island from their being inhabited by the Religious Caloyers of the Order of S. Basil lie within four Leagues of Constantinople betwixt the Sea of Marmora and the entrance into the Streights of Gallipoli The Europeans of Constantinople and Pera ordinarily divert themselves at them Isles des Perles the Islands of Pearl are a Shoal of Islands in the South Sea twelve Leagues from Panama in South America to which the abundance of Pearls heretofore fish'd out of the Sea adjacent occasioned the giving of this Name The two principal are Del Rio and Tararequi Maze and odoriferous Trees grow upon them The Spaniards here having made an end of all the Natives serve themselves
Lewis VIII King of France which was afterward in 1267. set right by a Treaty when Lewis IX in consideration of a Marriage surrendered all his Right and Title as Son of the said Blanch to Alphonsus V. King of Leon and Castile Peter de la Marca Archbishop of Paris in his History of Bearn saith this Kingdom did not begin so early as the Spaniards pretend and endeavours to prove it But this is no place for Controversies Leon Leondoul Leona a City in Britagne in France on the North Shoar of that Province thirty three Leagues from Rennes to the West ten from Treguier and eleven from Brest to the North. This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toures one S. Paul being its most ancient Bishop about the year 600 the City is often called S. Paul de Leon from him it is the Capital of the Territory of Leonnois well fortified and has also a Castle and a safe Harbour upon the British Sea Heretofore the Seat of the Dukes of Britagne and the Country of the ancient Osismi or Osismii mentioned by Caesar whence its Latin Name besides Leona and Leonum is Civitas Osismorum § There is mention made of another Leon in Cappadocia in the Lesser Asia otherwise called Vatiza and thought to be the Polemenium of the Ancients S. Leonard a Town in Limosin in France and another in Nivergne Lepanto Naupactus Aetolia a Sea-Port in Achaia now Livadia called by the Turks Enebchti is seated in that part of Greece which the Ancients called Aetolia twelve Miles from Patras the Italians gave it the name of Lepanto it is seated not far from the entrance of the Western Bay of Corinth heretofore so called but now from this place the Gulph of Lepanto The City is built on the South side of a towering Mountain formed like a Cone on the top of which is a strong Castle surrounded with four strong Walls set at some distance one above another between which the Inhabitants have their Houses The Port is very handsom and beautiful and may be secured by a Chain the Mouth of it is so streight it will hold but a few Ships and those cannot go out and in at any time for want of Water It is seated in a pleasant Country filled with delightful Gardens yielding some of the best Wine in Greece and has on the East side a a fine River which serves their Mills then their Gardens and afterward all the City and Seamen The Turks have six or seven Mosques in it the Greeks two Churches and the Jews three Synagogues In 1408. it was under the Emperor of Greece but being too remote as things then stood for him to secure it Emanuel the Emperor assigned it to the Venetians who took care to fortifie it as it is now In 1475. Mahomet the Great the same that took Constantinople having gained Corinth besieged it with an Army of thirty thousand Men and after four Months spent before it was forced to retire with with shame and loss The Turks having found by this costly experiment the strength of this important place in 1499. made use of another method besides a victorious Army and a potent Fleet to terrifie them he imployed Bribes corrupted Hiâ—ronimo Tropo the Venetian Governour and by a Treachery altogether unworthy of Bajazet II. who was here in person possessed himself of it In 1571. Octob. 7. in the Gulph of Lepanto from five a Clock in the morning till night was fought the most bloody Sea Battel betwixt the Christian and the Ottoman Fleets that ever besel the Turks since the beginning of their Empire There in the same Gulph where the Emperor Augustus overthrew Marc Anthony The Christians lost eight thousand Men. Of the Turks five thousand were taken prisoners and about thirty thousand slain with Hali Bassaw their Admiral Of the Turkish Gallies one hundred and thirty were taken and above ninety others sunk burnt and destroyed The Generalissimo on the Christians side was Don John of Austria a Natural Brother to Philip II. King of Spain accompanied with the Flower of the Italian Nobility At the same time nigh twenty thousand Christian Slaves recovered their Liberty In 1687. the Venetians having in the three preceding years almost beat the Turks out of the rest of the Morea and resolved to begin this Campagne with the Siege of Patras their General Morosini Landed in the Morea near Patras on July 22. notwithstanding all the opposition of the Serasquier the 24. he fought and defeated the Serasquier and having thereupon taken in Patras and the Dardanell Castle on that side so called in imitation of those of the Hellespont he crossed to the other to Lepanto and found the Turks making all the haste they could to empty the Place for him whereupon he entred and took Possession of it for that Republick without striking one blow Thus was this important Place lost as basely as it was gained and the Cowardize of this Age has revenged the Treachery of the former It had in it one hundred and twenty Brass Canon And it is an Archiepiscopal City tho the Archbishop has used to reside at Larta The Gulph of Lepanto is formed by the shooting forth of two Promontories into the Ionian Sea from the Morea and Achaia called Capo Antirio and Capo Rione The first of which has the Castle of Patras the other the Castle of Romelia for its defence Leprus Pariedrus a huge Mountain of a vast height out of which Araxes and Euphrates spring Lera Igmanus Sigmanus a River of Aquitain in France more commonly called La Leyre which falls into the small Bay of Buch eight Miles from Bourdeaux to the South-West and the same distance from the Mouth of the Guaronne to the South Leresse See the Nieper Lergue Larga a River in Gallia Narbonensis Hoffman Lericee a small Town upon the Coasts of the Republick of Genoua in Italy at the Foot of the Rocks looking to the Sea It is taken to be the Portus Erycis of Ptolemy and Antoninus A frequented place for Embarkations four or five Miles from Sarzana and East of Sestri de Levante There is a Gulph by it separated by a Neck of Land from the Gulph of Spezza or Speccia Lerida Ilerda a City of Catalonia in Spain which in the Roman times was the Capital of that part of Spain they called Tarraconensis It is now called Leyda by the Inhabitants and Lerida by the Spaniards a strong place built upon a rising ground but declining to the River Segre Taken from the Moors in 1143. and made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona In 1300. here was an University opened at which Pope Calixtus III. took his Degree of Doctor of the Laws yet it never acquired any great Fame or Repute of later times it has suffered much from the French who have made many Attempts upon it But in 1646. in one of their Attacks they were beaten off and lost all their Cannon here This City lies twenty four Spanish
to the West and sixteen from Magdeburg to the South It has a Castle called Pleisenburg and an University opened here by Frederick Marquess of Misnia in 1409. Upon the Banishment of the followers of Jerome of Prague from that City four thousand Students retiring to this In 1520. Luther disputed here with Eckius against the Popes Supremacy soon after which they embraced the Reformation In 1547. this City which then belonged to Maurice Duke of Saxony was besieged by John the Elector of that House in the Month of January Maurice tho a Protestant having joined with the Emperour against the rest of the Augustane Princes who had taken Arms for the defence of their Religion and Liberty against Charles V. And although the City was not then taken yet it was much defaced by the Battery and its Suburbs burnt In 1630. Gustavus Adolphus gave the Forces of Ferdinand II. a great defeat near this place In 1642. the Swedes defeated the Forces of Ferdinand III. under the Arch-Duke Leopold and Piccolomineo and thereupon the City was forced to yield it self to the Victorious Swedes It is not great but rich by reason of its Mart twice every year and the great concourse of Students to this University Leyte Leyta Lutis a River of Austria which washing the Town Prurck adder Leyta in the Lower Austria at Altemburg falls into the Danube three Hungarian Miles from Presburg to the South and six from Javarin Lez Ledum Liria a River of Languedoc it ariseth three Miles above Montpellier and a little beneath falls by the Lake of Maguelone into the Mediterranean Sea See Les. Lhon See Lippe Lhundain the Welsh Name of London Lhydaw the Name of Bretagne a Province in France in some of the Writers of the middle Ages Liacura Parnassus a Mountain in Greece in Achaia Liamone Pitanus or Ticarius a River in the Isle of Corsica Liampo the most Easternly Cape of all the Continent of China in the East-Indies taking its Name from a Town so called in the Province of Chechiara Lianne Liana Elna a small River in Picardy in France which ariseth in the Confines of Artois and flowing through the County of Bologne by the Capital City of it falls into the British Sea Liasto Liguidon a Sea-Port on the East of Sardinia an Island in the Mediterranean Sea Libano Libanus the greatest and best known Mountain in Syria which alone produceth the Cedar Tree in that Country It beginneth between the Confines of Arabia and Damascus and ends at the Mediterranian Sea near Tripoli having run from East to West one hundred and twenty five Miles It is the oftenest mentioned of any Mountain in the Sacred Scriptures exceeding high and very far spread fruitful and pleasant and was the Northern Boundary of the Holy Land and Mother of the River Jordan Now inhabited by divers Towns and some Cities amongst which is the Seat of the Residence of the Patriarch of the Maronites The Rivers Rochan Nahar-Rossens and Nahar-Cardicha spring from it The Northern part is said to be continually covered with Snow It hath Palestine to the South Mesopotamia to the East and Armenia to the North with one foot in Phoenicia another in Syria and the Mediterranean to the West Opposite to it stands a Mountain called Antilibanus separated only by a Valley See Antilibanus Libaw Liba a Town in the Dukedom of Curland in the Kingdom of Poland which has an Haven on the Baltick Sea in the Confines of Samogitia eighteen German Miles from Memel in Prussia and twenty five from Mittaw the Capital of Semigallia to the West This Town was often taken and retaken in the late Wars between the Swedes and Poles at last by the Treaty of Olive-Kloster in 1660. it was restored to the Duke of Curland Liburnia a Branch of the ancient Illyricum now thrown partly into Croatia and partly into Dalmatia It s principal City was Scardona now Scardo in Dalmatia The Lopsi were some of its ancient people to whom is owing the invention of light Frigats thence called Naves Liburnicae Libya is so considerable a part of Africa in the old Geographies that the Greeks called all Africa Lybia It stood divided into the Exterior and Interior The former lay along the Mediterranean betwixt Egypt and Marmorica or from Egypt South according to others along the left Bank of the Nile as far as to Aethiopia in which space the Desart of Elfocat and the Kingdom and Desart of Gaoga now are contained The other ran from the Mountain Atlas to the River Niger containing the now vast Desart of Zaara And this latter is Libya properly so called Which together with Libya Marmorica now Barca and Libya Cyrenaica makes up a second division that we find in Writers of Libya Lichfield Lichfeldia a City which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Canterbury seated in the County of Stafford twenty four English Miles from Leicester to the West ten from Stafford to the North-East and sixteen from Coventry to the North-West It is a low seated beautiful and large City divided into two parts by a clear Brook which is crossed by Causeys with Sluces in them for the Passage of the Water That part which lies on the South Side of this Water is the greater by far and divided into several Streets and the North Part though less has the Cathedral Church the Close incompassed with a strong Wall in which are the Prebends Houses and the Bishops Palace This has been a Bishops See very long for in the year of our Lord 606. Oswius King of Northumberland having conquered the then Pagan Mercians instituted a Bishoprick and settled Dwina as Bishop here to instruct them in the Christian Faith his Successors were in such esteem with the following Kings of Mercia that they did not only obtain large Possessions for the maintaining the Dignity of this See but were also reputed the Primates of Mercia and Archbishops Ladulph one of them had a Pall sent him as such upon the Golden Solicitations of Offa King of the Mercians about 779. Which Dignity lasted not long for it died with this King and Archbishop Ladulph A Synod held in 1075. ordaining that the Bishops Sees for the future should be settled in the greatest Cities Peter Bishop of Lichfield removed this to Chester Robert Lindsey another of them removed it to Coventry Roger Clinton a third Bishop but the thirty seventh in Succession in 1148. began the beautiful Cathedral here which he dedicated to the Blessed Virgin and S. Chad and rebuilt the Castle which is now intirely ruined The Ciose in the old Rebellion was garrisoned for the King But the Lord Brook a zealous Parliamentarian coming before it March 2. 1642. though the General was slain and so paid dear for his Disloyalty yet the place was taken by that Party The twenty second of that Month the King's Forces returned and besieged it the second time and April 8. after a Defeat of three thousand that came to the Relief of
inhabited by any but the Wild Arabs though prodigiously fruitful and that he frequently met the ruins of great Cities buried in their own Rubbish whose Memorial was perished with them Lisonzo See Isonzo Lissa an Island belonging to Dalmatia thirty Miles South of Lesina Lissus a River of Thrace said by Herodotus to be drunk dry by Xerxes's Army § This is likewise the ancient Name of the Town Fionissi in Canadia which Strabo calls Lictus See Fionissi And of another in Albania near the Bay of Drin now called Alessio Listra Lystra a City of Lycaonia in the Lesser Asia mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles It lies forty Miles from Cogni Iconium to the West and was once a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Iconium but is now totally ruined and desolate Lita Lete a City of Macedonia upon the Gulph of Thessalonica which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Thessalonica two Miles from it to the South Lithquo See Linlithgo Lithuania a Province and Grand Dukedom belonging to the Kingdom of Poland called by the Inhabitants Litwa by the Germans Littawen by the Poles Litewsky which was heretofore a part of Sarmatia Europaea This Country imbraced the Christian Faith in 1386. Jagellon Grand Duke of Lithuania being made King of Poland and in 1569. this Dukedom was for ever united to the Kingdom of Poland It is bounded on the East by Moscovy or great Russia on the North by the same in part and by Livonia and Samogitia on the West by Poland properly so called and Mozâ—via on the South by Red Russia The Dukedom of Czernichow did heretofore belong to this Province which is now under the Russ The principal Cities are Breslaw Brest Grodno Minsko Mohilow Noovogrodook Poloczk Troki Wilne or Vilna the Capital and Witebsk This is the greatest Province belonging to that Kingdom being in length from the River of Polet to Dassow two hundred and sixty German Miles and in breadth between the Niemen or Memel and the Nieper eighty It is all overspread with Woods Forests and Marshes which since the times of Sigismond I. have yet been very much improved The Air is exceeding cold and the Inhabitants as barbarous Their language is a dialect of the Sclavonick and their Frontiers have been often desolated by the incursions of the Tartars and Moscovites Livadia Lebadia Creusa a City of Boeotia which from this City is now called Livadia It is seated upon a River which falls into a Lake of the same name but was anciently called Cephissus Mr. Wheeler who had seen this Place saith It is an ancient City and still called by its ancient name the Greeks pronouncing B as we do the V Consonant The ancient buildings are yet remaining we found saith he several Inscriptions to the same purpose it is situate about a pointed Hill on the top of which is an old Castle on the N. side of the high Cliffs of a Mountain of a moderate height which I took to be part of the Helicon till I found it afterwards parted from it by a Valley therefore I now take it to be Mount Tilphusium This City stands fifteen Leagues from Delphis now Salona to the East From this City all that part of Greece which was anciently called Achaia is now called Livadia lying from Negropont in the East to the Ionian Sea West having Thessalia on the North the Gulph of Lepanto the Hexamilia and the Bay of Corinth on the South in which stand Lepanto Salona Livadia and Athens Livenza Liquentia a River in the State of Venice which ariseth in the borders of Bellunese and flowing South separates the Marquisate of Treviso from Friuli then falls into the Venetian Gulph twenty Miles from Venice to the South East Livonia called by the Inhabitants lieâ—Lieâ—land by the Poles Inflanty by the French Livonie is a great and cultivated Province of the Kingdom of Poland ever since it was taken from the Knights of the Teutonick Order but the greatest part of it has since been taken from them by the Swedes It is bounded on the North by the Bay of Finland on the West with the Bay of Riga both parts of the Baltick Sea on the South with Samogithia and Lituania and on the East with Ingria and Pleskow two Provinces belonging to the Russ It is divided into four Counties Esten Esthonia Curland Semigallen and Letten Esten is under the Swede and also Letten except a little part towards the East which the Russ have Curland and Semigallen are subject to a Duke who is a Feudatary of the Crown of Poland there belong to it also Oesel and Dagho two Islands in the Baltick Sea which were possessed by the Dane till in 1645. by a Treaty at Bromsbro they were yielded to the Swede The chief Towns in it are Narva Parnaw Revel Riga the Capital Derpt and Wolmer It s length from Narva to Memmel is ninety German Miles its breadth from the Sea to Dodina sixty It produceth Wheat in abundance which the Dwina and Narva bring down to Riga and Narva for Exportation Its Forests abound with wild Boars Bears c. which come over the Narva out of Russia This People being then Barbarous began to imbrace the Christian Faith about 1161. Meinradus became their first Bishop in 1190. The way of Instruction being thought too slow by his Successors Albertus one of them instituted an Order of Knights to Bang them into Christianity which were called the Livonian Order but in time united with the Teutonick in 1237. About 1525. these two Orders were again parted by Albert Duke of Brandenburgh and Sigismond King of Poland put an end to them in 1587. In 1617. the Swedes became Masters of this Country In 1634. the Muscovites ceded all their right to it to Ladislaus K. of Poland who by the treaty of Stumsdorf confirmed the Swedes in the possession of as much as they held on the North of the Dwina for twenty six years All which was entirely yielded to them in 1660. by the peace of Oliva Livorno See Ligorne Lizaine Liricinus a River in Normandy The Lizard Point the furthest South-West Point or Cape of the Goon-hilly Downes in Cornwal which is a tract pretty large shooting forth from the main Land into the South Sea In Latin called Danmoniorum Promontorium Lizza Laodicea Llanbeder a Market Town in Cardiganshire in Wales in the Hundred of Moythen Llandaff Landava a small City and a Bishops See in the County of Clamorgan in South Wales seated upon the West side of the River Taff three Miles to the North from the Sea This Bishoprick was Founded by Germanus and Lupus two Holy French Bishops about 522. And Dubricius a Holy Man was made the first Bishop to whom Meuricke a British Lord freely gave all the Land that lieth between the Taff and the Elei But one Kitchin a Bishop about the time of the Reformation so wasted the Revenue that it will scarce maintain its Bishop Dr. William Beaw the seventy sixth Bishop is the present
for adhering to the Party of Albinus against him burning a great part of the City Gratianus the Emperor was perfidiously murthered in this City in 384. Majoranus General to Leo the Emperour at the request of Sidonius Apollinarus repaired and beautified this City very much about 460. But this was no long-lived splendor the Goths and Almains soon after prevailing against the Romans in France In the Reign of Clothaire King of France about 532. an end being put to the Kingdom of Burgundy erected here by the Goths this City fell into the Hands of the French In the Reign of Gunthram King of Metz between 565. and 596. this City was again burnt nor did it suffer less from the Moors about 730. who were called by the remainder of the Goths against the Franks About 955. it was given to Conrade I. King of Burgundy After this it was for some time subject to the Counts of the Forest till 1173. The See was founded by S. Potinus and Irenaeus the first of which suffered Martyrdom here about 177. Anno 1079. Pope Gregory VII is said to have made it an Archbishops See doubtless it was so long before Pope Clement V. was crowned here in the presence of Philip the Fair King of France Edward I. of England and James King of Arragon in 1305. There have been many Councils held here The most celebrated was that in 1245. under Innocent IV. against Frederick II. where that Prince was deposed as an Heretick for Intelligence with the Sultan and Familiarity with his Women which produced a destructive War in Germany and Italy There was another in 1274. under Pope Gregory X. against the Greek Church in which were five hundred Bishops sixty or seventy Archbishops and one thousand other Ecclesiasticks together with the Patriarchs of Antioch and Constantinople c. Long. 26. 00. Lat. 45. 15. Lyonnois Lugdunensis Provincia is a small Province in France having on the East la Bresse and the Dauphine on the South and West le Foretz and on the North le Beaujolois it has on the East the Rhosne and extends from it to the West about twelve Leagues in length about fifteen Lyons en Forest Leones a small Town in Normandy incompassed with Woods and Forests upon the River Orleau four Leagues from Roan to the East Lyon en Beausse a Village in that Province seven Leagues from Orleans to the North. Lyon sur Loyre a Village in Orleans in the Confines of Berry one League above Sully to the East Lysmore See Lismore M A. MAara Spelunca Sidoniorum a Grott or Cave in Palestine in the Territory of Great Zidon or the Land of the Sidonians mentioned Josh 13. 4. In the year 1161. the Christians secured themselves for sometime here against the Saracens Macandan a Promontory in Africa called by the Ancients Arsinarium now commonly Cape Verde Macao Amacao Amacum a City in China in the Province of Quantum upon the South part of that Kingdom in Long. 141. 30. Lat. 23. 00. Built upon a small Island with two Forts heretofore under the Portuguese during which times it was a celebrated Mart much frequented and very rich but being now in the hands of the Tartars who have conquered China it decays a pace and is much declined from what it was Macaria a Lake or Marsh near Marathon a Town in Attica in which a considerable part of the Forces of Xerxes King of Persia perished being beaten by the Grecians both by Sea and Land at the same time and in their flight forced into this unpassable place by the pursuers Whence the Proverb in Macariam abi for a Curse § This also was the ancient Name of a City in the Island of Cyprus now become a Village and called Jalines The whole Island of Cyprus had the Title of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 given it by the Greeks from its fertility And the Island of Maczua in the Gulph of Arabia has been honoured with the same Macascar Macassar Macasaria a great Island in the Indian Sea sometimes called Celebes Extended from North to South two hundred French Leagues and one hundred broad there are in it six Kingdoms Macasar Cion Sanguin Cauripana Getigan and Supara the two principal Cities are Macasar and Bantachia The South parts are much frequented by the English and Dutch which latter of late in 1669. have severely treated the King of Macascar whose Dominions lie in the South of the Island and comprehend the far greatest part of it This Island lies between the Molucco's to the East and Borneo to the West and is sometimes ascribed to the former The Line cutteth the Northern part of it The Inhabitants heretofore went naked did eat Mans Flesh and had all the Criminals of the Molucco's sent over to them for that purpose but they are much civilized Two young Princes of this Country Brothers that were bred at Siam in the Mahometan Religion and sent to Paris by the King of Siam to be instructed in Christianity on October 17. 1687. received Christian Baptism at Paris It produces plenty Rice Fruit Cocao Cattle Fish besides Gold Ivory Cotton c. The City Macasar stands in the South part and enjoys the benefit of a good Port. Macclesfield or Maxfield a large fair Market Town in Cheshire upon the River Bollin The Capital of its Hundred Adorned with the Title of an Earldom in the Person of the Right Honourable Charles Gerard. Macchia a Dutchy in the Capitanata in the Kingdom of Naples Macedonia is a Kingdom of great antiquity and fame in Greece Anciently bounded by the Adriatick Sea to the West the Aegean Sea to the East now called the Archipelago the Vpper Moesia a part of Illyricum now called Servia cut off by Mount Sandus to the North and on the South it had Epirus Thessalia and Achaia It was then divided into four parts as Livy saith under which were twenty six Provinces and at this day though Albania which was of old a part of it is dismembred yet the remainder is divided into four parts by the Turks 1. Jamboli of old Macedonia prima and secunda which lies East between Thrace and the Bay of Thessalonica 2. Macedonia properly so called lies between Mount Karoponitze to the North Thessalia to the South and the Bay of Thessalonica to the East 3. Comenolitari the third part Macedonia tertia and part of Thessalia has Macedonia properly so called on the North Albania on the West Thessalia on the South and the same Bay on the East 4. Janna lies yet more South and is the remainder of that which was anciently called Thessalia on the North it has Commenolitari on the West Epirus on the South Livadia and on the East the Archipelago and Bay of Negropont The Reader may observe that Thessalia is now a part of Macedonia though anciently not and Albania which anciently was a part of it now is a separate Kingdom both are under the Turks This Country anciently divided into one hundred and fifty Tribes or
subordination to it but now much diminished having been often ruinated by the Kings of Arracam Tungking and Siam Nevertheless a fertile Country much visited by the Merchants of Europe In the Year 1568. the King of Pegu knowing the King of Siam to have two white Elephants desired by his Embassadors to purchase one of them at any price required but was refused He therefore entereth in revenge into Siam with a powerful Army and takes the Capital City so that the King of Siam fearing to fall into the hands of his Enemy poysoned himself from which time the Kings of Siam have acknowledged the Soveraignty of the Kings of Pegu. This Kingdom belongs now to the King of Ava The frontiers both of Siam and it suffer the greatest misery by the continual Wars betwixt the two Crowns it lies between the Kingdom of Tungking to the East and that of Arracam to the West Pein Peina a Town in Lunenburg famous for a Fight between Albert Duke of Brandenburg and Mauricius Duke of Saxony July 9. 1553. Maurice got the Victory but died within two days of the Wounds he received Albert being driven out of Germany died in 1557. in France in the XXXV year of his Age having lived much longer than was consistent with his Inconstancy and Perfidy saith Brietius This Town is seated upon the Weser Peiseda reca Peisida a River in the Asian Tartary East of the River Ob whose Fountains are not known as arising in desolate and unfrequented Countries it falls into the Frozen Sea above Nova Zembla Peking Pechinum the principal Province in the Kingdom of China Bounded on the East by Leaotum and Xantum on the North by Tartary and the great Wall on the West by Xansi and on the South by Honan The principal City is Peking Pechinum A vast and populous City which in 1404. became the Royal City of China instead of Nanquin The Inhabitants are innumerable though it has been often taken and plundered in the late Tartarian War It is now recovering those losses and ruins under the King of Tartary who is become the Master of it The Province of Peking contains eight Capital Cities one hundred and thirty five lesser Cities four hundred and eighteen thousand nine hundred eighty nine Families Petlecas Aliacmon Haliacmon a River in Macedonia which falls into the Bay of Thessalonica over against Thessalonia to the South-West thirty three English Miles Called Platamona Bistrisa and Aliagmo from Aliagmon the name it bears in Claudian Pelion See Petras Pella an ancient City of Palaestine in Asia sometime dignified with a Bishops See under the Patriarchs of Jerusalem who for many years kept their Residence here § A second in the Kingdom of Macedonia made famous by the Births of Philip King of Macedon and Alexander the Great his Son thence surnamed Pellaeus Some call it now Janizza others Zuchria It being hitherto extant and noted for excellent Works in Marble § The Ancients mention a third in Achaia Peloponnesus the ancient name of the Morea then divided into these eight parts Achaia properly so called Arcadia Argos Corinthus Elis Laconia Messene and Sicyonia See Morea The famous Peloponnesian War which lasted from the Year of Rome 323 in the 87th Olympiad to the taking of Athens in the Year 350 rather chose to be named from the People of this Country who maintain'd it against the Athenians than from the Athenians their Enemies Pelorus Pelorias or Pelorum the same with Capo di Faro Pelusium See Belvais Pelysz Pelysia a Town in the Lower Hungary which is the Capital of a County of the same Name It lies fifteen Miles from Vaccia to the South-West twenty six from Alba Regalis and twenty from Buda to the North-East Pembridge a Market Town in Herefordshire in the Hundred of Stretford upon the River Arrow Penbrokeshire Penbrochium one of the Shires in Wales Bounded on the North by Cardigan separated by the Rivers Tyuy and Keach on the East by Caermarthenshire on the South and West by the Irish Sea From North to South it is twenty six Miles from East to West twenty in Circuit ninety five This County affords Corn and Cattle in great plenty and has a mild and pleasant Air. Penbroke the Town which gives Name to this Shire is one direct Street upon a long narrow Point of a Rock in Milford Haven the Sea every Tide flowing up to the Town-Walls It has a Castle though now ruined and two Parish Churches within the Walls and is a Corporation represented in Parliament by one Burgess The first Earl of Pembroke was Gilbert de Clare Created in 1138. In 1201. it came into the Family of Martial by Marriage this Family enjoyed it six Descents and by Females it continued till the Year 1390. After which it became very unsteady till Edward VI. in 1551. Created William Herbert Lord Steward Earl of Pembroke whose Posterity still enjoy that Honour in the seventh Descent Pendennis a strong Castle in Cornwal Pene Suevus one of the Branches of the Oder in Pomerania Peneus a River in the Province of Thessalia in Macedonia which greatned with the Rivers Ion Pattisus and Apidanus passes betwixt the Mountains Ossa and Olympus to surrender it self into the Bay of Thessalonica having first watered the pleasant Fields of Tempe It is now called Salampria The Fiction of the Metamorphosis of Daphne into a Laurel in this River gives it a place in the Writings of the Poets Pengeab the same with Lahor a City in the East-Indies Pengick Penica a City in Misnia upon the River Muldaw between Altemburg to the West and Chemnitz to the East seven German Miles and the same distance from Leipsick to the South Peniel or Penuel an antient City of the Holy Land in the Tribe of Reuben beyond the Brook of Jabbov at the foot of Mount Libanus near Tripoli and upon the Frontiers of the Amorites So called from Jacob's Vision of an Angel wrestling with him according to his own Interpretation thereof that he had seen God face to face Gen. 32. 30. Gideon broke down the Tower and slew the Men of this City because they refused to give his Army Bread Judg. 8. 8. 17. But Jeroboam rebuilt it Penk a River in Staffordshire near to which stands Penkridge a Market Town in the Hundred of Cudleston of good Antiquity Penna or Civita di Penna Penna S. Joannis Pinna in Vestinis a City in Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishop's See over which there is no Archbishop who has any Jurisdiction This is very frequent in Italy In 1585. a Synod was assembled here Penna-Fiel Penna fidelis a Town in Old Castile in Spain near the Duero six Leagues from Valadolid It had the honor to give the Title of Duke to Ferdinand the Just King of Arragon from the year 1395. to 1412 before his Ascension to the Crown which Title afterwards was enjoyed by his Son John who succeeding to the Crown also in 1458. changed this Dutchy into a
of Africa so called by the Portuguese an uninhabited Place almost wholly covered with Mountains Nor the Charriby Island in America which first the Spaniards possessed and was afterwards divided betwixt the French and Dutch Sancta Martha Fanum Sanctae Marthae a City in the Terra Firma a Province of South America on the Shoar of the North Sea which has an Haven and a Castle in the Hands of the Spaniards Also a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Fé de Bogota It has been taken and plundered both by the English and Hollanders and therefore not much peopled Yet it is the capital City of S. Martha a Province in Castile D'or in South America of the same name The Province abounds in Oranges Citrons Pomegranates Vines Maze Mines of Gold Pretious Stones c. Partly under the Spaniards and partly under a Race of unconquered Natives who with Kings of their own make vigorous opposition to the Spaniards It hath some Mountains in it covered with Snow though the Maritime Parts are hot The City stands with a large Port upon the North Sea honoured with the Residence of the Governour of the Province In 1595. Sir Francis Drake set fire to it In 1630. the General of the Dutch West India Company took it but the Spaniards ransomed it again The French have had their turns likewise of pillaging of this City § The Mountain Sierras Nevadas in Castile D'or passes also by this name Sancta Maura Leucadia Leucas Neritum an Island in the Ionian Sea on the Coast of Epirus to which it is joined by a Timber Bridge nine Miles from Cephalonia It has a City of the same Name very strong seated on the East side in the middle of the Channel where it is a League over This Town is a mere Nest of Pyrats which though they live in the Turkish Territories are yet by their own Masters persecuted for this infamous Trade the Bassa of the Morea making a Voyage thither to burn their Galliots as Mr. Wheeler acquaints us There belongs to it an Aquaduct which now serves instead of a Bridge to those that go on Foot to this Place It is not at the top above a Yard broad and about a Mile long and so very high that if two should meet upon it their Lives would be endangered there being no Stairs and scarce room to pass This City has about six thousand Inhabitants Greeks Christians and Turks It is also a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lepanto The Island was under the State of Venice till Mahomet II. took it from them In 1684. the Venetians under Morosini retook it It is fruit ul in Corn Oranges Limons and Almonds its Pasturage very good and though about forty Miles in compass yet has it not above thirty poor Villages inhabited by such as Till the Ground and Fish So that the Bishop has apparently a small Revenue S. Maximin a Town of Provence in the Diocese of Aix in which Charles II. King of France in the thirteenth Century founded a famous Monastery of the Dominicans It was also adorned with a College in 1476. The common Opinion as to its antient Name speaks it to be Villa Lata S. Menehould Fanum Sancti Menehildis a Town in Champagne in the Territory of Argonne the Capital of which it is upon the River Aisne nine Leagues from Chaalons to the East and the same distance from Virdun it has a strong Castle built on an Hill taken twice within the compass of a few years S. Michael the chief Town in Barbadoes at the bottom of Carlile Bay in the South part of the Island which has an Harbour able to secure five hundred Vessels at once This Town is long containing several Streets and beautified by many well-built Houses Also very populous being the Seat of the Governour or his Deputy and of the Courts of Justice for the whole Island the Scale of their Trade where most of the Merchants and Factors have their Houses and Store-Houses from whence the Inhabitants are supplied with the English Commodities by way of Exchange yet is the Town liable to be floated by the Spring Tides and by that means made unhealthful For its defence it has two strong Forts with a Platform in the middle which command the Road and are well stored with Cannon Mount S. Michel Mons Sancti Michaelis in periculo Maris a Town built with great art upon an inaccessible Rock in the Sea between Bretagne and Normandy whence came the first Institution of the Knights of the Order of S. Michel It belongs to Normandy and is seated at the Mouth of the River Lers at a low Water it may be approached by Land besides the Castle it has an Abbey and a Church built by Aubert Bishop of Auranches in 706 in the Reign of Childebert King of France The Rock had been chosen for a Retreat by Hermites in the times foregoing This Town stands four Leagues from Auranches to the West and the same distance from S. Malo to the East The Sand here is good for making of Salt § In Mounts Bay in the County of Cornwal there is of this name a Hill called S. Michael's Mount separated by a sandy Plain from the Main Land but at Ebb water accessible on foot This Mount riseth to a good heighth and bears an old Fort upon the top of it Ilha de S. Miguel one of the Tercera Islands in the Atlantick Ocean under the Portugueze betwixt Tercera to the North and S. Maria to the South The principal Settlements in it are S. Antonio Villa Franca and Punta del gada § The Venetians are Masters of an Island of the same name upon the Coast of Dalmatia near Zara in the Adriatick which they call Isold di san Michele others Vgliana § There is a third Isla de S. Miguel in the East Indian Ocean betwixt Calamianes or Paragoia to the North and Borneo to the South S. Miguel Fanum Sancti Michelis Michaelopolis a City of South America in the Kingdom of Peru and Presecture of Quitoa seated in the Valley of Piura twelve Miles from the South Sea The first Colony the Spaniards setled in this Province The Indians used to call it Chila There is a Town of the same Name in New Spain in the Province of Guatimala at the Mouth of the River Lempa sixty Miles from Guatimala to the East Another in New Granada A fourth called S. Miguel del Estero in Tucumania twenty eight Leagues from San Jago del Estero which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of la Plata S. Mihel a City in Lorain upon the Maes in the Dukedom of Bar between Toul to the South and Verdun to the North. S. Miniato al Tedesco Miniatum Teutonis a City of Hetruria in the Dukedom of Florence built upon an Hill by the River Arno between Florence to the East and Pisa to the West twenty Miles from either Heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Florence S. Morris a Town in the
South called Swold's Bay made by the shooting forth chiefly of Easton Ness the most Eastern Point of England The Cliff hath several Pieces of Ordinance planted upon it Sowe the River upon which Stafford is situated Sowtham a Market Town in Warwickshire in the Hundred of Knightlow Spa a small Town in the Bishoprick of Liege in the Low Countries famed for its Medicinal Mineral Waters Spahan See Hispaam Spain Hispania is one of the most considerable Kingdoms in Europe called heretofore Hesperia and Iberia It is separated from France towards the North-East by the Pyrenean Hills on all other sides surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea the Streights of Gibraltar and the Atlantick Ocean so that it lies in the form of a vast Peninsula joined to France by a Neck of eighty Spanish Leagues over Called by the Natives La Espanna by the French L'Espagne by the Italians La Spagna by the English Spain by the Poles Hispanska by the Germans Spanien and by the Dutch Spangien It s greatest length from East to West is one hundred and ninety German Miles or five hundred Italian It s circuit two thousand four hundred and eighty Italian Miles taking in the Creeks and Windings of the Seas and Mountains it is two thousand eight hundred and sixteen Miles the least of which Computations is four hundred and sixty Miles greater than France was forty years agone The ancient Geographers with one consent affirm That it abounded with whatsoever the Ambition or Needs of Men required full of Men and Horses all over replenished with Mines of Gold Silver Brass Iron and Lead white and black had Corn Wine and Oyl in abundance in short so extremely fruitful that if any place for want of Water was less useful yet even there Hemp and Flax thrived very well It was in those days the West-Indies of the World and like them the Store-House of the ancient Treasures The Ancients divided it into three great parts called by them Tarraconensis Baetica and Lusitania First Hispania Tarraconensis was the greatest of the three and the most Eastern On the East bounded by the Pyrenean Hills on the North by the Bay of Biscay on the West by the Atlantick Ocean and Lusitania on the South by the Mediterranean Sea and Baetica Secondly Hispania Baetica was the most Southern part bounded on the East and South by the former in part and by the Ocean on the West and North by the same Ocean and Lusitania Thirdly Hispania Lusitanica was the most Western part extended upon the Ocean between Hispania Tarraconensis and Hispania Baetica The very ancient History of this Country is either fabulous or lost The Phoenicians may justly be supposed to have been the first Civilizers of it and the Founders of the most ancient Cities as Diodorus Siculus and Strabo affirm After these who settled mostly in Baetica the Grecians followed who from Marseille sent many Colonies into Hispania Tarraconensis The Carthaginians were the next who about forty years after they were by the Romans dispossessed of Sicily Sardinia and Corsica in the end of the first Punick War about the year of Rome 512 by the Isle of Gades which was theirs before entered Spain and in less than twenty years under Amilcar Asdrubal and Hannibal the Son of Amilcar destroyed Saguntum built New Carthage conquered all the Nations of this Country as far the Pyrenean Hills and the Mediterranean Sea and might easily have subdued the rest but that Hannibal chose rather to revenge the Injuries of his Country and ruin Rome by an Invasion of Italy The Jealousie of the Carthaginians ruined his Designs in Italy and the Roman Fortunes prevailed in Spain too under Cornelius Scipio about the year of Rome 545. The People having been broken by the Carthaginians submitted the more willingly and easily to the Romans and continued under them till about the year of Christ 400 when Gundericus King of the Vandals first conquered them The Goths followed these and in 418 set up a Kingdom which in time extirpated the Vandals or drove them over the Sea into Africa This Kingdom continued under thirty one Princes till 724 when the Moors came in and after a Fight of seven Days continuance prevailed against the Goths and forced Spain They brought over fifty thousand Families of Moors and Jews and so fixed themselves here that though they were in a short time cantoned into a small Kingdom and the Spaniards with the remainders of the Goths who had secured themselves in the Mountains and other places of difficult access by the help of the French made a gainful and prevailing War upon them yet they could not be intirely subdued before 1492 In after times it is hard to say whether the good Fortunes or ill Government of the Spaniards have contributed most to the ruin of this once most potent Kingdom For first Ferdinando and Isabella in 1492 expelled out of Spain one hundred and seventy thousand Families of the Jews Philip II. in 1610. expelled nine hundred thousand Moors And America being found in the mean time the numbers of Spaniards that passed thither is unknown Philip I. succeeded in 1504 The first Prince of the House of Austria who reigned in Spain Charles V. his Son in 1516. Philip II. in 1556. Philip III. in 1598. Philip IV. in 1621. Charles II. the present King began his Reign in September 1665 being then an Infant This Kingdom is now divided into fifteen Kingdoms or Provinces viz. 1. Navarre 2. Biscay 3. Guipuscòa 4. Leon and Oviedo 5. Gallicia 6. Corduba 7. Granada 8. Murcia 9. Toledo 10. Castile 11. Portugal 12. Valentia 13. Catalonia 14. The Kingdom of Majorca 15. And the Kingd of Arragon Which are at this day all reduced under three Crowns or Governments Castile Portugal and Arragon The Religion professed is strict Roman Catholick especially since the introducing the Inquisition by Pedro Gonsales de Mendoza Archbishop of Toledo in 1478. The Christian Faith was taught this Nation very early by S. James or more probably by S. Paul Arianisin entered with the Goths and continued till 588. They never heard of the Roman Rites till after 1083 when a Frenchman being made Archbishop of Toledo endeavoured the Introduction of that Service and was at first opposed in it by all the other Prelates and People It had been well for Spain if it had never been received seeing it has cost that Nation so many of its People no less than three thousand Families having been destroyed by the Inquisition in one Diocese in three years not to mention the loss of the United Netherlands and the ruin of Flanders The Cities of Spain are too numerous to be here inserted New Spain Hispania Nova is a considerable Country in North America called by the Spaniards la Nueva Espanna and sometimes el Mexico from its Capital City It contains all that space of Land between the North and the South Sea that lies between the Terra Firma or Streight of Panama to the East and Florida to
between Durazzo and the River Aspro which last falls into the same Sea twenty five Miles from Durazzo to the North Some call it Aspro Spirnazza others Spirnazza Arzenza Spitsberg an University in Brandenburgh founded in 1544. Spitsberg Spitzberga Regio Arctica or the Sharp Mountains as the Name signifies is a large Country and a part of the Artick Continent between Nova Zembla to the East and Greenland to the West which are yet not near it by three hundred Miles It was called thus by the Dutch upon their discovering it in 1596. the English call it new-New-Land others Spigelberg It extends to deg 80. of North Latitude Whether it be an Island or joyned to any Continent is unknown to the Europeans extreme cold without one Village in it only some parts are frequented by the Dutch who Fish for Whales and find some two hundred foot long Here are a great number of Bears black and white Foxes and Sea-Geese Split the same with Spalatro Splugen Splugue Speluca the highest Mountain amongst the Grisons a part of the Rhetian Alpes upon which there was once a strong Castle near the Lower Branch of the Rhine about eight Miles from Clâ—ven to the North. Spoleti Spoletum Spoletium is a City in the States of the Church in Italy called Spoleto and Spolete the Capital of a Dukedom of the same Name It stands in the Province of Vmbria or Ombria partly on an Hill partly in a Valley upon the River Tessino thirteen Miles from Fuligno to the North-East forty five from Rome to the North and sixty two from Ancona to the South It is a Bishops See immediatly under the Pope and a City of great Antiquity having defended it self very well against Hannibal in the second Punick War In 1234 here was a Council held under Pope Gregory IX for the Recovery of the Holy Land The same year the Bishop's See was translated hither from Spollo In seven hundred and forty it was besieged by Luitprandus King of the Lombards and reduced to great Extremities In 1155 Frederick Barberossa took plundered and burnt it for violating his Ambassadors and corrupting his Coin In 1583 here was a Synod held by its Bishop It shows some stately Ruines of an Amphitheatre a Temple and a Palace of the Kings of the Goths who made it their Residence Il Ducato di Spoleto Spoletanus Ducatus is a very large Province of Italy called of old Vmbria of latter times Ombria And a Dukedom from the time that Longinus the Greek Exarch of Ravenna after the recalling Narses instituted Dukes for the Government of this Province The Lombards made a Conquest of it under Alboinus one of their Kings in 571. But they left it under Dukes still one of which in 740 joyning with Pope Gregary and rebelling against his Master Luitprandus drew a War upon the Province In 876. Charles the Bald one of the Caroline Princes made Guido a Descendent of Charles the Great Duke of Spoleto whose Posterity in thirteen Descents enjoyed it to 1198. How or when this Province fell under the Pope I know not but it bore the Title of a Dukedom under them till 1440 when it reassumed its ancient Name of Ombria See Leander Albertus Sponheim Sponheimensis Comitatus a County in the Palatinate of the Rhine between the Moselle and the Naw which last falls into the Rhine four German Miles beneath Mentz The fourth part of it is under the Marquess of Baden the rest has been under the Electors Palatine ever since 1416 when it came to that Family by the Marriage of Isabella Heiress of it with Robert Elector Palatine The principal places in it are Creutznach Simmeren and Birkenfeld Sporades the scattered Islands towards Candia in the Archipelago so called in opposition to the Cyclades which lye together in the form of a Circle The Romans Saracens and the Corsairs with the present Masters the Turks of them by their several devastations have reduced these once flourishing retreats into a poor condition There are always some Greeks upon them Sprche Sprewe Spra la Sprehe Spreha a River in Germany which ariseth in the Borders of Bohemia and flowing through Lusatia watereth Bautzen Cotâ—â—itz and Luben then entering Brandenburgh falls by Berlin into the Havel at Spandow which last ends in the Elbe at Havelburg Sprotaw Sproâ—avia a City of Silesia in the Dukedom of Glogaw upon a River of the same Name which falls into the Bober Four Miles from Glogaw to the West Spurnhead Ocelli a Cape or Promontory in Yorkshire at the Mouth of the Humber Squillaci Scyllctiâ—m Scillaceum a small City of great Antiquity called by Ptolemy Scilacium Pliny Scylaceum and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Reggio in the Fuâ—ther Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples to which there belongs a Bay upon the Ionian Sea called Golfo di Squillaei This City stands sixty five Miles from Regio to the North-East fifty five from Rossano to the South and has not above three hundred Houses in it Long. 40. 12. Lat. 37. 48. It was an Athenian Colony and one of the most considerable Cities belonging to the Brutii in Magna Graecia Staden Statio Stada a City in the Lower Saxony in the Dukedom of Bremen near the Elbe anciently a Free Imperial City and a Hanse Town but now subject to the Duke of Breme It stands upon a small River called Sâ—â—â—vinge which a little lower falls into the Elbe seven German Miles from Hamburgh to the West and twelve from Bremen to the North. A very strong Town Taken in 1676 by the Duke of Brunswick In 1680 it was restored by the Treaty concluded at Zell to the Swedes under whom it was before put by the Treaty of Munster Staffanger Stavandria Stafangria Stavangria a City of Norway which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Drontheim and has a large safe Harbor upon the German Ocean It stands in the Prefecture of Bergen ninety Miles from Bergen to the South and sixty from the Baltick Sea Long. 27. 45. Lat. 61. 15. Staffarda a Town not far from Saluzzes in Piedmont made remarkable by the Battel between the Duke of Savoy's Army and the French on the eighteenth of August 1690 in which the former retired with loss Staffordshire Staffordia Cornavi a County in the middle of England Bounded on the North by Cheshire and Darbyshire where a Stone shews the point in which these three Countries meet on the East by Darbyshire cut off by the Dowe and Trent on the South by Warwickshire and Worcestershire and on the West by Shropshire It represents a Lozenge in its form its length being forty four Miles from North to South and its breadth twenty seven the whole Circumference one hundred and forty seven containing one hundred and thirty Parishes and eight Market Towns For Springs Brooks and Rivers besides the Trent it hath the Dove which partly separates it from Derbyshire the Churner the Blithe the Line the Teaâ— the Sowe the Penk the Manifold and several
Silks and Maroquines but the Country elsewhere is extreme Sandy hot and desert About 1660. the King of this place after many Victories conquered Morocco and Fez and kept them for some time This is supposed to have been a part of the ancient Numidia Tagaste is now a desolate Village in the Province of Constantine in the Kingdom of Algiers in Barbary which heretofore was a Bishops See and famous for giving Birth to S. Augustine Tagat a fruitful Mountain two Leagues from the City Fez to the East in the Kingdom of Fez in Barbary about two Leagues in length Covered with Pines on one side and affording Land for Tillage on the other Taicheu Taicheum a City in the Province of Chekiam in China It stands upon a Mountain and is the Capital over five other Cities Tajima a Town and Province in the North part of Niphon Taillebourg a Town in the Province of Xaintonge in France upon the River Charante at which S. Louis King of France in 1242. defeated the Malecontents of his Kingdom that were risen in Arms against him Tajo Tagus one of the most celebrated Rivers of Spain It ariseth from two Fountains in New Castile but in the Borders of Arragon at the foot of Mount Vallezillo And running North it takes in the Molina then turning South-West it passeth by Pastrana to Aronjues where it admits the Tajuna with a knot of other Rivers from Madrid and Henares turning more Westerly it salutes Toledo takes in beneath it the Gaudarrama and the Alberch visits Talavera and Puente de Archobisbo where it is covered by a Bridge beneath Almaraz it receives the Guadalupo So passing by Alcantara it entereth the Kingdom of Portugal at Perdigaon and receiving the Rio Monsul and a vast number of small Brooks in that Kingdom it forms the vast Haven of Lisbon and on the South side of that City passeth into the Atlantick Ocean having from its Fountains run one hundred and ten Spanish Leagues and being at its Mouth two Spanish Leagues broad There is no River in Spain more frequently mentioned than this especially on the account of its Golden Sand by the Poets Taiping a City of the Province of Nankim upon the River Kiang in China There is another of Quantum which is now under the King of Tumkim Taitung a strong City in the Province of Xamsi in China It is the third of Note there and drives a great Trade Tajuna Tagonius a River of New Castile which falls into the Tajo Taiyven the Capital City of the Province of Xansi in China near the River Truen Talabo or Talaro Pitanus a River in Corsica Talamone a Town and Port to the Tyrrehenian Sea in the Estate called Degli Presidii upon the Borders of the Dukedom of Tuscany in Italy Belonging to the Spaniards Talavera Ebara Libora a Town in New Castile upon the Tajo See Tajo Talâ—a a very fruitful Island in the Caspian Sea according to Pliny who calls it Tazata and other Ancients But we have no Modern Account of it Tamaga Tamaâ—a and Tambro a River of Spain which ariseth in Gallicia above Mone Roy and running South through the Province of Entre Douro è minbo falls into the Douro six Spanish Leagues above Porto to the East Tamar Tamaris a River in the East of Cornwal which divides that County from Devonshire It ariseth in Devonshire near the Irish Sea and running South watereth Bridgrule Telcoâ— Tamerten which has its name from this River Beyton Lawhitton Cal-Stock and having received amongst others the Foy at Plimouth it entereth the British Sea forming there a Noble and Capacious Haven See Cambden Tamaraca a City and Island upon the Coast of Brasil in South America under the Portuguese making one of the fourteen Governments or Provinces of Brasil Tamaro Thamarus a small River in the Principato in the Kingdom of Naples which rising from the Appennine a little above Benevento falls into the Calore Tamasso Tamassus a Town in the Island of Cyprus towards Famagosta Of great Repute for its Tin-Mines Taming Taminga a City in the Province of Pekim in China Tampan the Mouth of the Rhosne Tamul a petty Kingdom contained in Bisnagar in the Hither East-Indies Tamworth a Borough and Market Town in the Borders of Staffordshire and Warwickshire at the Confluence of the Tame and the Auker whereof one washeth that part of the Town which stands in Staffordshire and the other that in Warwickshire It hath a strong though small Castle for its defence is beautified with a large Church and in the Lower House of Parliament represented by two Burgesses Tanagra an ancient City of Boeotia now Stramulipa in Greece near the River Asopus Called Orops by Aristotle and Gephyra in Stephanus Athenaeus mentions Cetus Tanagranus as a Proverb for a vast Whale because one of a prodigious Magnitude was cast up here It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens the same with the Anatoria of some Moderns Tanais a River of Crim Tartary which divides Europe from Asia Called by the Neighbouring Nations Don by the Italians Tana It ariseth in the Province of Rezan in Moscovy eleven hundred Miles from Moscow from the Lake Iuvanouvo Lezicro which is five hundred Wrests broad and flowing with a very Oblique Course through the Countries possessed by the Precopensian or Crim Tartars not far from the Wolga falls into the Lake of Moeotis near a City called from it Tanais now ruined This City was once taken by the Russ but now in the hands of the Turks The River divides it into two parts and affords it the convenience of an Haven though now not much frequented Long. 60. 40. Lat. 48. 09. Tanaro Tanarus a Navigable River of Lombardy which ariseth in Piedmont in the Borders of the States of Genoua from the Apennine and running North-East watereth Mondovi Alba Asti and Alexandria in the Dukedom of Milan it falls into the Po at Bassignano between Casal to the North and Voghera to the South Tandaya one of the Philippine Islands Tandra an Island of the Euxine Sea at the Mouth of the Borysthenes Taneâ—axima a small Island belonging to Japan Tanes Tanitioum Ostium one of the Eastern Mouths of the Nile This gave name to Tunis now Tanes a desolate Village in Egypt at this time but formerly one of the greatest richest and strongest Cities of Egypt a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Damietta The Calyphs rebuilt it after it had been some Ages desolate but it soon returned to its former State Tangier Tingi Tingis one of the oldest Cities of Africa in the Province of Hasbat in the Kingdom of Fez. Built by Antaeus a Phoenician as the Learned Sir John Marsham proves from Procopius who mentions an ancient Pillar with this Inscription in the Phoenician Tongue We are fled from Joshua the Son of Nun a Robber whereupon he placeth the building of it in Joshua's time and saith it is undoubtedly a very ancient Phoenician Colony It stands at the Mouth of the Streights
the West which by the Indians was called Anahuac that is The Land by the Water It extends from fifteen deg of Latitude to twenty six exclusively in breadth six hundred Italian Miles in length twelve hundred The Air is very temperate tho situate wholly in the Torrid Zone by reason of the frequent Showers which fall in June July and August their hottest Months in the year and also by reason of the Sea Breezes It is abundantly inriched with inexhaustible Mines of Gold Silver Brass and Iron has great plenty of Coco-Nuts Cochineel Wheat Barley Oranges Limons Figs Cherries Apples and Pears Cattle and Fowl but it has few Grapes and no Wine Their Seed time is in April or May their Harvest in October in the Low Countries they sow in October and reap in May. This Kingdom had Kings of its own from 1332 to 1520 about two years before which Francis Cortez a Spaniard entered it with eleven Ships and five hundred and fifty Men by help of which he sacked the Town of Pontonchon defeated by his Cannon and Horse forty thousand naked Indians who came to revenge this Injury and in 1531 took the City of Mexico Aug. 13. and put an end to the Indian Empire The Provinces of this vast Kingdom are 1. Panuco 2. Mechuacan 3. Mexicana 4 Tlascala 5. Guaxaca And the 6. Jucatan Governed by a Viceroy under the King of Spain who from this Accession to his European Dominions uses the Royal Stile of Hispaniarum Rex Spalatro Salo Salona nova Spalatum Palatium Dioclesiani a City of Dalmatia called by the Italians Spalato by the Sclavonians Spla It is very strong rich and populous and an Archbishops See seated upon the Adriatick upon which it has a large and safe Haven thirty five Miles from Sebenico Long. 40. 54. Lat. 44. 00. This City grew up out of the Ruins of Salona which stood four Miles more to the North. And in 1420 destroyed an Army of the Turks which was sent against it The Learned Mr. Wheeler in his Travels pag. 15. has given a large account of the Site of this City and a little lower pag. 19. of the City of Salona the Mother of Spalato The Emperour Dioclesian was a Native of Salona who building himself a Palace in this place whence the name Spalatro might be occasioned by an easie corruption the other Salona grew by time neglected It is commanded by a Fortress upon an Hill without the Gate in which the Venetians keep the lesser Garrison because they make sure of the Fortress of Clissa by which the passage lies out of Turky to Spalatro The Walls of Dioclesian's Palace you have yet standing and the little Temple which he built in the middle of it has become the Cathedral Church It is situated in a fruitful Country Spalding a Market Town in the division of Holland in Lincolnshire and the Hundred of Ellow upon the Weland Well built and traded though not far from the Washes Spandow Spandava a City in the Marquisate of Brandenburgh upon the River Havel where it entertains the Sprehe two Miles beneath Berlin to the West and about six from Brandenburgh to the East well fortified yet taken by Gustavus Adolphus in 1631. Sparta See Misitra Spenderobi Spenderobis Spenderovia a City of Servia called by the Turks Semender by the Hungarians Sendrew or Zendrew and Zendrin by the Italians Sandria It is a Bishops See thought to be Ptolemy's Singidunum and stands about six German Miles from Belgrade to the East upon the Danube fourteen from Temesware to the South The Turkish Governour of Servia resides for the most part in this City Taken in this War by the Imperialists amidst their other Conquests in Hungary and retaken by the Turks by storm Sept. 1690. Spilâ—by a Market Town in Lincolnsh in the Hundred of Bulling brook Spinola a Seignory in the Neighbourhood of Montferrat the Milany and the States of Genoua in Italy Honoured with the Title of a Marquisate Spire Spira Nemetes Noviomagus Nemetus a City of Germany called by the Germans Speyr by the French Spire by the Italians Spira It is a Free and Imperial City in the Upper Circle of the Rhine in the Diocese of Spire but not subject to the Bishop This great rich populous City is Free but under the Protection of the Elector Palatine and the Bishop under the Archbishop of Mentz It stands in the middle between Strasburgh to the South and Mentz to the North fifty German Miles from either and fifteen from Heidelberg to the North-West The Imperial Chamber which was first instituted at Franckfort in 1495 by Maximilian I. In 1530 was by Charles V. removed to Spire and has been ever since in this City Of old called Nemetum and in 1082. being so far by its then Bishop enlarged as to inclose the Village of Spire neighbouring upon it took the Name of Spire The Cathedral was built in 1011 by Conrade the Emperour in which are the Tombs of eight of the German Emperours to wit Conrade II. who gave the Town of Brunchsol and all the Territory of Brutingow to this Bishoprick about the year 1030 Henry III. his Son who finished the Cathedral begun by his Father Henry IV. Henry V. Philip Rodolph I. Adolp of Nassaw and Albert I. The Emperours which granted Privileges to this City were Charles IV Rodolphus I. Albert Lewis Wenceslaus Frederick III. and Maximilian II. Near it Philip the Suabian beat Oâ—ho the Saxon in 1202. In a Diet here held in 1526 the Peace of Religion was first established which when it was endeavoured to be Repealed in a second Diet here held in 1529 several of the German Princes Protested against the Repeal and were thence called Protestants Jesses the first Bishop was present in the Council of Cologne in 346. This City was taken by Gustavus Adolphus who demolished all its Out-works because he was not willing to spare so many Men out of his Army as were necessary for a Garrison to it by which the Germans the more easily recovered it in 1635. It received a French Garrison in Sept. 1688 who have demolished it since The Imperial Chamber consists of fifteen Counsellors eight Roman Catholicks and seven Protestants two Presidents a Roman Catholick and a Protestant and the Bishop as the Principal Judge In 1675. the Elector of Treves succeeded to the Bishoprick Spiritu Sancto Spiritus Sanctus a small City which is the Capital of a Prefecture in Brasil under the Portuguese Sixty Spanish Leagues from the River Januario to the North and fifty from Porto Seguro to the South § There is a River in the Kingdom of Monomotapa in Africa which discharges itself into the Aethiopick Ocean at Cabo de S. Nicolo of this name called by the Portuguese Rio de lo Spiritu Santo Spirlinga a small Town in Sicily which was the only place in that Island innocent of that bloody and infamous Conspiracy called the Sicilian Vespers Spirnazza Panyasus a River of Macedonia which falls into the Adriatick Sea