certain_a dye_n after_o it_o caermardin_fw-fr comitatus_fw-la in_o quo_fw-la dimetae_n olim_fw-la habitarunt_fw-la those_o latter_a word_n i_o read_v thus_o aeternali_fw-la in_o domo_fw-la that_o be_v in_o a_o eternal_a house_n for_o sepulcher_n in_o that_o age_n habitation_n be_v term_v aeternales_fw-la domus_fw-la that_o be_v eternal_a habitation_n moreover_o between_o margan_n and_o kingseage_n by_o the_o high_a way_n side_n there_o lie_v a_o stone_n four_o foot_n long_o with_o this_o inscription_n punp_v â—ius_n car_fw-fr antopius_fw-la which_o the_o welsh_a britan_n by_o add_v and_o change_v letter_n thus_o read_v and_o make_v this_o interpretation_n as_o the_o right_n reverend_a bishop_n of_o landaff_n do_v write_v to_o i_o who_o give_v order_n that_o the_o draught_n of_o this_o inscription_n shall_v be_v take_v likewise_o for_o my_o sake_n pim_n bis_n a_o car_n antopius_fw-la that_o be_v the_o five_o finger_n of_o friend_n or_o neighbour_n kill_v we_o it_o be_v very_o think_v to_o be_v the_o sepulchre_n of_o prince_n morgan_n from_o who_o the_o country_n take_v name_n who_o be_v slay_v as_o they_o will_v have_v it_o eight_o hundred_o year_n before_o christ_n nativity_n but_o antiquary_n know_v full_a well_o that_o these_o character_n and_o form_n of_o letter_n be_v of_o a_o far_o late_a date_n after_o you_o be_v past_a margan_n neath_n the_o shore_n shoot_v forth_o into_o the_o north-east_n by_o aber-avon_n a_o small_a mercate_z town_n upon_o the_o river_n avons_fw-fr mouth_n whereof_o it_o take_v the_o name_n to_o the_o river_n nid_v or_o neath_n infamous_a for_o a_o quicksand_n upon_o which_o stand_v a_o ancient_a town_n of_o the_o same_o name_n which_o antonine_n the_o emperor_n in_o his_o itinerary_n call_v nidum_n which_o when_o fitz-haimon_a make_v himself_o lord_n of_o this_o country_n fall_v in_o the_o partition_n to_o richard_n granvill_v share_v neath_n who_o have_v found_v a_o abbey_n under_o the_o very_a town_n side_n and_o consecrate_v his_o own_o portion_n to_o god_n and_o to_o the_o monk_n return_v again_o to_o his_o own_o ancient_a and_o fair_a inheritance_n which_o he_o have_v in_o england_n gower_n beyond_o this_o river_n neath_n whatsoever_o lie_v between_o it_o and_o the_o river_n loghor_n which_o bound_v this_o shire_n in_o the_o west_n we_o call_v gower_n the_o britan_n and_o ninnius_n guhir_n wherein_o as_o he_o say_v the_o son_n of_o keian_n the_o scot_n plant_v themselves_o and_o take_v up_o a_o large_a room_n walsingh_n until_o that_o by_o cuneda_n a_o british_a lord_n they_o be_v drive_v out_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o henry_n earl_n of_o warwick_n win_v it_o from_o the_o welsh_a but_o by_o a_o conveyance_n and_o composition_n pass_v between_o william_n earl_n of_o warwick_n and_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o 5._o it_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n afterwards_o king_n john_n give_v it_o unto_o william_n breos_n who_o have_v take_v arthur_n earl_n of_o britain_n prisoner_n to_o be_v hold_v by_o service_n of_o one_o knight_n for_o all_o service_n and_o his_o heir_n successive_o hold_v it_o not_o without_o trouble_n unto_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o day_n for_o then_o william_n breos_n when_o he_o have_v alienate_v and_o sell_v this_o inheritance_n to_o many_o and_o in_o the_o end_n by_o mock_v and_o disappoint_v all_o other_o set_z hugh_z spenser_n in_o possession_n thereof_o to_o curry_v favour_n with_o the_o king_n and_o this_o be_v one_o cause_n among_o other_o thing_n that_o the_o noble_n hate_v the_o spenser_n so_o deadly_a and_o rash_o shake_v off_o their_o allegiance_n to_o the_o king_n howbeit_o this_o gower_n come_v to_o the_o mowbray_v by_o a_o heir_n of_o breos_n this_o be_v now_o divide_v into_o the_o east_n part_n and_o the_o west_n swinsey_n in_o the_o east_n part_n swinesey_n be_v of_o great_a account_n a_o town_n so_o call_v by_o the_o englishman_n of_o sea-swine_n but_o the_o britan_n aber-taw_n of_o the_o river_n taw_fw-mi running_z by_o it_o which_o the_o foresay_a henry_n earl_n of_o warwick_n fortify_v but_o there_o be_v a_o town_n far_o more_o ancient_a than_o this_o by_o the_o river_n loghor_n which_o antonine_n the_o emperor_n call_v leucarum_n loghor_n and_o we_o by_o the_o whole_a name_n loghor_n where_o a_o little_a after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o howel_n ap_fw-mi meredic_n invade_v the_o englishman_n on_o a_o sudden_a with_o a_o power_n of_o the_o mountainer_n slay_v divers_a man_n of_o quality_n and_o good_a account_n beneath_o this_o lie_v west-gow_a and_o by_o reason_n of_o two_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n wind_v in_o on_o either_o side_n one_o it_o become_v a_o biland_n more_o memorable_a for_o the_o fruitfulness_n than_o the_o town_n in_o it_o and_o in_o time_n pass_v of_o great_a name_n in_o regard_n of_o kined_a canonize_v a_o saint_n who_o live_v here_o a_o solitary_a life_n of_o who_o if_o you_o desire_v to_o know_v more_o read_v our_o countryman_n capgrave_n who_o have_v set_v out_o his_o miracle_n with_o great_a commendation_n since_o this_o country_n be_v first_o conquer_v by_o the_o english_a the_o lord_n thereof_o be_v those_o that_o lineal_o descend_v from_o fitz-haimon_a glamorgan-shire_n as_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n clares_z spenser_n beauchamp_n and_o one_o or_o two_o nevil_n and_o by_o a_o daughter_n of_o nevil_n who_o come_v likewise_o of_o the_o spensers_n blood_n richard_n the_o three_o king_n of_o england_n but_o when_o he_o be_v slay_v king_n henry_n the_o seven_o enter_v upon_o the_o inheritance_n of_o this_o country_n and_o give_v it_o to_o his_o uncle_n jaspar_n duke_n of_o bedford_n and_o when_o he_o die_v without_o issue_n the_o king_n resume_v it_o unto_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o leave_v it_o to_o his_o son_n king_n henry_n the_o eight_o who_o son_n king_n edward_n the_o six_o sell_v the_o great_a part_n thereof_o to_o sir_n william_n herbert_n who_o he_o have_v create_v earl_n of_o pembrock_n and_o baron_n of_o cardiff_n but_o of_o the_o race_n of_o those_o twelve_o knight_n there_o remain_v only_o in_o this_o shire_n the_o stradling_n a_o notable_a house_n and_o of_o long_a continuance_n the_o turbervill_n and_o some_o of_o the_o fleming_n the_o great_a man_n of_o which_o house_n dwell_v at_o flemingston_n now_o corrupt_o call_v flemston_n as_o one_o will_v say_v flemingstone_n which_o take_v the_o name_n of_o they_o and_o in_o england_n there_o be_v remain_v yet_o the_o lord_n saint_n john_n of_o bletso_n the_o granvill_n in_o devonshire_n and_o the_o siwards_n as_o i_o be_o inform_v in_o somersetshire_n the_o issue_n male_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v long_o since_o extinct_a and_o wear_v out_o and_o their_o land_n by_o daughter_n pass_v over_o to_o divers_a house_n with_o sundry_a alteration_n parish_n 118._o dimetae_n plinie_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o silures_n inhabit_v also_o the_o other_o part_n beside_o of_o this_o country_n west-wales_n which_o bear_v out_o far_o westward_o be_v call_v in_o english_a by_o some_o west-wales_n and_o contain_v caermardenshire_n pembrock-shire_n and_o cardiganshire_n but_o ptolomee_o who_o know_v britain_n far_o better_a place_v here_o another_o people_n who_o he_o call_v dimetae_n and_o demetae_n gildas_n likewise_o and_o ninnius_n both_o have_v use_v the_o name_n of_o demetia_n for_o this_o tract_n whereupon_o the_o britan_n that_o inhabit_v it_o change_v m._n into_o f._n according_a to_o the_o propriety_n of_o their_o tongue_n common_o call_v it_o at_o this_o day_n dife_v if_o it_o will_v not_o be_v think_v strain_a curiosity_n i_o will_v derive_v this_o denomination_n of_o the_o demetae_n from_o deheu_fw-la meath_z that_o be_v a_o plain_a champion_n towards_o the_o south_n like_v as_o the_o britan_n themselves_o have_v name_v all_o this_o south-wales_n deheubarth_n that_o be_v the_o south_n part_n yea_o and_o those_o very_o who_o inhabit_v another_o champion_n country_n in_o britain_n be_v call_v in_o old_a time_n meatae_n neither_o i_o assure_v you_o be_v the_o site_n of_o this_o region_n disagree_v from_o this_o signification_n for_o when_o you_o be_v come_v hither_o once_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o high_a hill_n gentle_o settle_v downward_o and_o grow_v still_o low_o and_o low_o it_o spread_v by_o little_a and_o little_a into_o a_o plain_a and_o even_a champion_n country_n caermardenshire_n caermardenshire_n marden-shire_n be_v plenteous_a enough_o in_o corn_n store_v abundant_o with_o cartaile_n and_o in_o some_o place_n yield_v pit_n coal_n for_o fuel_n on_o the_o east_n side_n it_o be_v limit_v with_o glamorgan_n and_o brechnock-shire_n on_o the_o west_n with_o pembrock-shire_n on_o the_o north_n with_o cardiganshire_n sever_v from_o it_o by_o the_o river_n tivie_n run_v between_o and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o ocean_n which_o with_o so_o great_a a_o bay_n or_o creek_n get_v within_o the_o land_n that_o this_o country_n seem_v as_o it_o be_v for_o very_a fear_n to_o have_v shrink_v back_o and_o
it_o at_o this_o day_n which_o sir_n rhise_v ap_fw-mi thomas_n that_o warlike_a knight_n who_o assist_v henry_n the_o seven_o when_o he_o get_v the_o crown_n and_o be_v by_o he_o right_o worthy_o admit_v unto_o the_o society_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o garter_n renew_v whereas_o before_o time_n it_o be_v name_v elmelin_n which_o name_n if_o the_o englishman_n give_v unto_o it_o of_o elme-tree_n their_o conjecture_n be_v not_o to_o be_v reject_v loventium_fw-la who_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v that_o loventium_n of_o the_o dimetae_n whereof_o ptolomee_n make_v mention_v for_o the_o britan_n call_n elmes_n llwiffen_n but_o see_v i_o can_v find_v by_o no_o record_n in_o history_n which_o if_o the_o norman_n first_o wrest_v this_o country_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n i_o be_o to_o proceed_v now_o orderly_o to_o the_o description_n of_o pembroch-shire_n it_o have_v parish_n 87._o penbrok_n comitatus_fw-la olim_fw-la pars_fw-la demetarum_fw-la penbroke-shire_n the_o sea_n now_o retire_v southward_o and_o with_o a_o mighty_a compass_n and_o sundry_a bay_n incurve_v the_o shore_n press_v on_o every_o side_n upon_o the_o county_n of_o penbroke_a common_o call_v penbroke-shire_n which_o in_o the_o old_a book_n be_v name_v comitatus_fw-la the_o lawful_a county_n of_o pembroch_o and_o of_o some_o west-wales_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o the_o east_n side_n where_o caermardenshire_n and_o on_o the_o north_n where_o a_o part_n of_o cardiganshire_n bound_v upon_o it_o a_o country_n plentiful_a in_o corn_n store_v with_o cat-tail_n and_o full_a of_o marvel_n and_o such_o kind_n of_o fatty_a earth_n to_o make_v the_o ground_n fertile_a and_o not_o destitute_a of_o pit_n coal_n this_o land_n as_o say_v giraldus_n be_v apt_a to_o bear_v wheat_n plentiful_o serve_v with_o sea-fish_n and_o saleable_a wine_n and_o that_o which_o be_v far_o above_o the_o rest_n by_o reason_n that_o ireland_n confine_v so_o near_o upon_o it_o of_o a_o very_a temperate_a and_o wholesome_a air_n first_o and_o foremost_a upon_o the_o shore_n descend_v southward_o tenby_n tenby_n a_o proper_a fine_a town_n well_o govern_v by_o a_o major_n and_o strong_o wall_v towards_o the_o land_n look_v down_o into_o the_o sea_n from_o a_o dry_a cliff_n very_o famous_a because_o it_o be_v a_o commodious_a road_n for_o ship_n and_o for_o abundance_n also_o of_o fish_n there_o take_v whereupon_o in_o the_o british_a tongue_n it_o be_v call_v tenby-y-piscoid_a and_o have_v for_o magistrate_n a_o major_a and_o a_o bailiff_n from_o thence_o the_o shore_n give_v back_o westward_o castle_n show_v the_o relic_n of_o manobe_a castle_n which_o giraldus_n call_v the_o mansion_n of_o pyrrhus_n in_o who_o time_n as_o himself_o write_v it_o be_v notable_o fortify_v with_o tower_n and_o bulwark_n have_v on_o the_o west_n side_n a_o large_a haven_n and_o on_o the_o north-west_n and_o north_n under_o the_o very_a wall_n a_o excellent_a fish-poole_n goodly_a to_o behold_v as_o well_o for_o the_o beauty_n thereof_o as_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o water_n from_o hence_o run_v the_o shore_n along_o not_o many_o mile_n continuate_a but_o at_o length_n the_o land_n shrink_v back_o on_o both_o side_n give_v place_n unto_o the_o sea_n which_o encroach_a upon_o it_o a_o great_a way_n haven_n make_v the_o haven_n which_o the_o englishman_n call_v milford_n haven_n than_o which_o there_o be_v not_o another_o in_o all_o europe_n more_o noble_a or_o safe_a such_o variety_n it_o have_v of_o nouk_v bay_n and_o so_o many_o cove_n and_o creek_n for_o harbour_v of_o ship_n wherewith_o the_o bank_n be_v on_o every_o side_n indent_v and_o that_o i_o may_v use_v the_o poet_n word_n hic_fw-la exarmatum_fw-la terris_fw-la cingentibus_fw-la aequor_fw-la clauditur_fw-la &_o placidam_fw-la discit_fw-la seruare_fw-la quietem_fw-la the_o sea_n disarm_v here_o of_o wind_n within_o high_a bank_n and_o hill_n enclose_v be_v and_o learn_v thereby_o to_o be_v both_o calm_a and_o still_o for_o to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o mariner_n word_n and_o their_o distinct_a term_n there_o be_v reckon_v within_o it_o 16._o creek_n 5._o bays_n and_o 13._o rhodes_n know_v every_o one_o by_o their_o several_a name_n neither_o be_v this_o haven_n famous_a for_o the_o secure_a safenesse_n thereof_o more_o than_o for_o the_o arrival_n therein_o of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o a_o prince_n of_o most_o happy_a memory_n who_o from_o hence_o give_v forth_o unto_o england_n then_o hopeless_a the_o first_o signal_n to_o hope_v well_o and_o raise_v itself_o up_o when_o as_o now_o it_o have_v long_o languish_v in_o civil_a misery_n and_o domestical_a calamity_n within_o itself_o upon_o the_o innermore_o and_o east_n creek_n of_o this_o haven_n pembroke_n in_o the_o most_o pleasant_a country_n of_o all_o wales_n stand_v penbroke_a the_o shire-towne_n one_o direct_a street_n upon_o a_o long_a narrow_a point_n all_o rock_n and_o a_o fork_a arm_n of_o milford_n haven_n ebb_v and_o flow_v close_o to_o the_o town_n wall_n on_o both_o side_n it_o have_v a_o castle_n but_o now_o ruinate_v and_o two_o parish_n church_n within_o the_o wall_n and_o be_v incorporate_a of_o a_o major_n bailiff_n and_o burgess_n but_o hear_v giraldus_n who_o thus_o describe_v it_o a_o tongue_n of_o the_o sea_n shoot_v forth_o of_o milford_n haven_n in_o the_o fork_a end_n enclose_v the_o principal_a town_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n and_o chief_a place_n of_o dimetia_n seat_v upon_o the_o ridge_n of_o a_o certain_a craggy_a and_o long_o shape_v rock_n and_o therefore_o the_o britan_n call_v it_o penbro_n which_o signify_v as_o much_o as_o a_o head_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o we_o in_o our_o tongue_n penbroke_a arnulph_n of_o montgomery_n brother_n to_o robert_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n first_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o fortify_v this_o place_n with_o a_o castle_n a_o very_a weak_a and_o slender_a thing_n god_n wot_v of_o stake_n and_o turf_n which_o afterward_o he_o return_v into_o england_n deliver_v unto_o girald_n of_o windsor_n his_o constable_n and_o captain_n to_o be_v keep_v with_o a_o garrison_n of_o few_o soldier_n and_o immediate_o the_o welshman_n of_o all_o south_n wales_n lay_v siege_n unto_o the_o say_a castle_n ireland_n but_o such_o resistance_n make_v girald_n and_o his_o company_n more_o upon_o a_o resolute_a courage_n than_o with_o any_o forcible_a strength_n that_o they_o miss_v of_o their_o purpose_n and_o dislodge_v afterward_o the_o say_a girald_n fortify_v both_o town_n and_o castle_n from_o whence_o he_o invade_v the_o country_n round_o about_o it_o far_o and_o near_o and_o at_o length_n that_o as_o well_o his_o own_o estate_n as_o they_o that_o be_v his_o follower_n and_o dependent_n may_v the_o better_o grow_v to_o greatness_n in_o these_o part_n he_o take_v to_o wife_n nesta_n sister_n to_o gruffin_n the_o prince_n of_o who_o he_o beget_v a_o goodly_a fair_a progeny_n by_o the_o which_o as_o say_v that_o giraldus_n who_o descend_v from_o he_o the_o englishman_n both_o keep_v still_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o south_n wales_n and_o win_v also_o the_o wall_n of_o ireland_n for_o all_o those_o noble_a family_n of_o girald_n or_o giraldines_n in_o ireland_n who_o they_o call_v fitz_n girald_n fetch_v their_o descent_n from_o the_o say_a girald_n service_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o tenure_n of_o this_o castle_n and_o town_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o town_n likewise_o of_o tinbigh_n of_o the_o grange_n of_o king_n wood_n of_o the_o commot_n of_o croytarath_n and_o of_o the_o manor_n of_o castle_n martin_n and_o tregoire_n reinold_n grey_n at_o the_o coronation_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o make_v suit_n to_o carry_v the_o second_o sword_n but_o in_o vain_a for_o answer_n be_v make_v that_o those_o castle_n and_o possession_n be_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n as_o pembroke_z town_n still_o be_v upon_o another_o creek_n also_o of_o this_o haven_n carew_n castle_n show_v itself_o which_o give_v both_o name_n and_o original_n to_o the_o notable_a family_n de_fw-fr carew_n castle_n who_o avouch_v themselves_o to_o have_v be_v call_v aforetime_o de_fw-fr montgomery_n and_o have_v be_v persuade_v that_o they_o be_v descend_v from_o that_o arnulph_n de_fw-fr montgomery_n of_o who_o i_o speak_v erewhile_o into_o this_o haven_n there_o discharge_v themselves_o with_o their_o outlet_n join_v almost_o in_o one_o gledawgh_n two_o river_n which_o the_o britan_n term_n gledawh_o that_o be_v if_o you_o interpret_v it_o sword_n whereupon_o themselves_o use_v to_o term_v it_o aber_n du_fw-fr gledhaw_n that_o be_v the_o outlet_a of_o two_o sword_n hard_o by_o the_o more_o easterly_a of_o they_o stand_v slebach_n a_o commandery_a in_o time_n pass_v of_o saint_n john_n knight_n of_o jerusalem_n which_o with_o other_o land_n wizo_n and_o walter_n his_o son_n give_v in_o old_a time_n unto_o that_o holy_a order_n of_o knighthood_n that_o they_o may_v serve_v as_o god_n knight_n
they_o who_o deserve_v for_o their_o virtue_n and_o piety_n to_o be_v renown_v let_v it_o suffice_v to_o note_v in_o a_o word_n that_o from_o paulinus_n the_o first_o archbishop_n consecrate_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o redemption_n 625._o there_o have_v sit_v in_o that_o see_v threescore_o and_o five_o archbishop_n unto_o the_o year_n 1606._o in_o which_o d._n toby_n matthew_n a_o most_o reverend_a prelate_n archbishop_n for_o the_o ornament_n of_o virtue_n and_o piety_n for_o learned_a eloquence_n and_o continual_a exercise_n of_o teach_v be_v translate_v hither_o from_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durrham_n this_o city_n for_o a_o time_n flourish_v very_o notable_o under_o the_o english_a saxon_n dominion_n until_o the_o dane_n like_o a_o mighty_a storm_n thunder_v from_o out_o of_o the_o north-east_n deface_v it_o again_o with_o merveilous_a great_a ruin_n and_o by_o kill_v and_o slay_v distain_v it_o with_o blood_n which_o that_o alcuine_a aforesaid_a in_o his_o epistle_n to_o egelred_n king_n of_o northumberland_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v presage_v before_o what_o signify_v say_v he_o that_o rain_v of_o blood_n which_o in_o lent_n we_o see_v at_o york_n the_o head_n city_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n in_o saint_n peter_n church_n to_o fall_v down_o violent_o in_o threaten_v wise_a from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o roof_n in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o house_n and_o that_o in_o a_o fair_a day_n may_v it_o not_o be_v think_v that_o blood_n be_v come_v upon_o the_o land_n from_o the_o north_n part_n very_o soon_o after_o it_o be_v imbrue_v with_o blood_n and_o do_v pine_v away_o with_o most_o miserable_a calamity_n when_o the_o dane_n spoil_v waste_a and_o murrher_v all_o where_o ever_o they_o come_v and_o very_o in_o the_o year_n 867._o the_o wall_n be_v so_o batter_v and_o shake_v by_o reason_n of_o continual_a war_n that_o osbright_n and_o ella_n king_n of_o northumberland_n while_o they_o pursew_v the_o dane_n easy_o break_v into_o the_o city_n who_o be_v both_o of_o they_o slay_v in_o a_o most_o bloody_a battle_n in_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o city_n leave_v the_o victory_n unto_o the_o dane_n whereupon_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n write_v in_o this_o manner_n york_n always_o expose_v first_o to_o the_o rage_n of_o the_o northern_a nation_n sustain_v the_o barbarous_a assault_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o groan_v be_v piteous_o shake_v with_o manifold_a ruin_n but_o as_o the_o very_a same_o author_n witness_v king_n athelstone_n win_v it_o perforce_o out_o of_o the_o dane_n hand_n and_o overthrow_v the_o castle_n quite_o which_o they_o have_v here_o fortify_v neither_o for_o all_o this_o be_v it_o altogether_o free_a from_o war_n in_o the_o time_n next_o ensue_v while_o that_o age_n run_v fatal_a for_o the_o destruction_n of_o city_n but_o the_o norman_n as_o they_o end_v these_o misery_n so_o they_o make_v almost_o a_o final_a hand_n of_o york_n also_o for_o when_o the_o son_n of_o sueno_n the_o dane_n have_v land_v in_o these_o part_n with_o a_o danish_a fleet_n of_o 240._o england_n sail_n the_o norman_n lie_v in_o garrison_n who_o keep_v two_o fort_n within_o the_o city_n fear_v lest_o the_o house_n in_o the_o suburb_n may_v stand_v the_o enemy_n in_o stead_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o ditch_n withal_o set_v they_o on_o fire_n but_o by_o reason_n the_o wind_n rise_v high_o the_o fire_n be_v so_o carry_v and_o spread_v throughout_o that_o city_n that_o now_o it_o be_v set_v a_o burn_a when_o the_o dane_n break_v in_o upon_o they_o make_v pitiful_a slaughter_n in_o every_o place_n have_v put_v the_o norman_n to_o the_o sword_n and_o keep_v alive_a william_n mallet_n and_o gilbert_n gant_n two_o principal_a person_n that_o they_o may_v be_v tithe_v with_o the_o soldier_n for_o 〈◊〉_d every_o ten_o man_n of_o the_o norman_n they_o choose_v out_o by_o lot_n to_o be_v execute_v whereupon_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n be_v so_o incense_v with_o desire_n of_o revenge_n that_o he_o show_v his_o cruelty_n upon_o the_o citizen_n by_o put_v they_o all_o to_o death_n as_o if_o they_o have_v take_v part_n with_o the_o dane_n and_o upon_o the_o city_n itself_o by_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n afresh_o and_o as_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n say_v he_o so_o depopulate_v and_o deface_v the_o village_n adjoin_v and_o the_o sinew_n of_o that_o fertile_a region_n be_v so_o cut_v by_o the_o spoil_v there_o commit_v and_o booty_n raise_v and_o the_o ground_n for_o the_o space_n of_o threescore_o mile_n lay_v so_o untilled_a that_o if_o a_o stranger_n have_v then_o see_v the_o city_n that_o in_o time_n be_v of_o high_a account_n the_o tower_n which_o with_o their_o lofty_a top_n threaten_v the_o sky_n and_o the_o field_n that_o be_v rich_a in_o pasture_n he_o can_v not_o but_o sigh_n and_o lament_v yea_o and_o if_o a_o ancient_a inhabitant_n have_v behold_v the_o same_o he_o can_v not_o have_v know_v they_o how_o great_a york_n have_v be_v aforetime_o domesday_n book_n shall_v tell_v you_o in_o these_o word_n in_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n time_n there_o be_v in_o york_n city_n six_o division_n or_o shire_n beside_o that_o of_o the_o archbishop_n one_o be_v lay_v waste_n for_o the_o castle_n or_o fort_n in_o the_o five_o division_n be_v 1428._o dwell_a mansion_n to_o give_v entertainment_n and_o in_o the_o archbishop_n shire_n or_o division_n 200._o dwell_a mansion_n likewise_o after_o these_o woeful_a overthrow_v our_o countryman_n necham_n thus_o versify_v of_o it_o visito_fw-la quam_fw-la foelix_fw-la ebrancus_n condidit_fw-la urbem_fw-la petro_n se_fw-la debet_fw-la pontificalis_fw-la apex_n civibus_fw-la hac_fw-la toties_fw-la viduata_fw-la nouÃsque_fw-la repleta_fw-la diruta_fw-la prospexit_fw-la moenia_fw-la saepe_fw-la sua_fw-la quid_fw-la manus_fw-la hostilis_fw-la queat_fw-la est_fw-la experta_fw-la frequent_a sed_fw-la quid_fw-la nunc_fw-la pacis_fw-la otia_fw-la long_fw-mi fovent_fw-la the_o city_n that_o great_a ebrauk_n build_v i_o come_v now_o for_o to_o view_v whereof_o the_o see_v pontifical_a be_v to_o saint_n peter_n due_a this_o many_o time_n lay_v desolate_a and_o people_v new_a have_v be_v her_o wall_n cast_v down_o and_o ruinate_v full_a often_o have_v it_o see_v what_o mischief_n hostile_a hand_n can_v work_v not_o once_o nor_o twice_o it_o find_v what_o then_o since_o now_o long_a time_n of_o peace_n do_v keep_v it_o safe_a and_o sound_a for_o in_o his_o time_n when_o after_o these_o troublesome_a storm_n a_o most_o pleasant_a calm_n of_o peace_n present_o ensue_v it_o rise_v of_o itself_o again_o and_o flourish_v afresh_o although_o the_o scot_n and_o rebel_n both_o do_v oftentimes_o make_v full_a account_n to_o destroy_v it_o but_o under_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n stephen_n it_o catch_v exceed_v great_a harm_n by_o casualty_n of_o fire_n wherein_o be_v consume_v the_o cathedral_n church_n the_o abbey_n of_o saint_n mary_n and_o other_o religious_a house_n yea_o and_o that_o noble_a and_o most_o furnish_v library_n as_o it_o be_v think_v which_o alcuin_n have_v record_v to_o have_v be_v found_v by_o archbishop_n egeldred_n his_o praeceptour_n as_o for_o the_o abbey_n of_o saint_n mary_n it_o quick_o recover_v the_o former_a dignity_n by_o new_a building_n but_o the_o cathedral_n church_n lie_v long_o ere_o it_o hold_v up_o head_n again_o and_o not_o before_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o his_o time_n for_o then_o john_n roman_z treasurer_n of_o the_o church_n lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o new_a work_n which_o his_o son_n john_n william_n melton_n and_o john_n thoresby_n all_o of_o they_o archbishop_n bring_v by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o that_o perfection_n and_o beauty_n which_o now_o it_o show_v yet_o not_o without_o the_o help_a hand_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n thereabouts_o especial_o of_o the_o percy_n and_o the_o vavasour_n which_o the_o arm_n of_o their_o house_n stand_v in_o the_o very_a church_n and_o their_o image_n at_o the_o west_n gate_n of_o the_o church_n do_v show_v percy_n portray_v with_o a_o piece_n of_o timber_n and_o vavasour_n with_o a_o stone_n in_o their_o hand_n for_o that_o the_o one_o supply_v the_o stone_n the_o other_o the_o timber_n for_o this_o new_a building_n this_o church_n as_o he_o report_v who_o write_v the_o life_n of_o aeneas_n silvius_n prim_fw-la who_o be_v pope_n pius_n the_o second_o and_o that_o upon_o the_o pope_n own_o relation_n for_o workmanship_n and_o greatness_n be_v memorable_a over_o all_o the_o world_n and_o the_o chapel_n most_o lightsome_a the_o glass-window_n whereof_o be_v fast_o bind_v between_o pillar_n that_o be_v most_o slender_a in_o the_o mid_n this_o chapel_n be_v that_o most_o dainty_a and_o beautiful_a chapter-house_n in_o which_o this_o verse_n stand_v paint_v in_o golden_a letter_n ut_fw-la rosa_fw-la flos_fw-la florum_fw-la sic_fw-la est_fw-la domus_fw-la ista_fw-la domorum_fw-la the_o flower_n of_o flower_n a_o rose_n man_n call_v so_o be_v
head_n yet_o other_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o this_o name_n arrive_v in_o this_o island_n with_o the_o english_a out_o of_o angloen_n in_o denmark_n the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n for_o there_o be_v a_o town_n call_v flemsburg_n flamborough_n and_o that_o the_o englishman_n from_o hence_o call_v it_o so_o like_v as_o the_o gaul_n as_o livy_n witness_v term_v mediolanum_n that_o be_v milan_n in_o italiâ—_n after_o the_o name_n of_o mediolanum_n in_o gaul_n which_o they_o have_v leave_v behind_o they_o for_o there_o be_v a_o little_a village_n in_o this_o promontory_n name_v flamborrough_n where_o a_o other_o notable_a house_n of_o the_o constable_n have_v ancient_o their_o seat_n flamborough_n which_o some_o do_v derive_v from_o the_o lacy_n constable_n of_o chester_n be_v in_o these_o part_n i_o can_v learn_v nothing_o for_o all_o the_o enquiry_n that_o i_o make_v as_o touch_v the_o bourne_v common_o call_v vipsey_n water_n which_o as_o walter_n of_o heminburgh_n have_v record_v flow_v every_o other_o year_n out_o of_o blind_a spring_n and_o run_v with_o a_o forcible_a and_o violent_a stream_n towards_o the_o sea_n never_o unto_o this_o promontory_n yet_o take_v here_o with_o you_o that_o which_o william_n newbrigensis_n who_o be_v bear_v near_o that_o place_n write_v of_o they_o those_o famous_a water_n which_o common_o be_v call_v vipsey_n rise_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n from_o many_o source_n not_o continual_o but_o every_o second_o year_n and_o be_v grow_v unto_o a_o great_a bourn_n run_v down_o by_o the_o low_a ground_n into_o the_o sea_n which_o when_o they_o be_v dry_a it_o be_v a_o good_a sign_n for_o their_o break_n out_o and_o flow_a be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o infallible_a token_n portend_v some_o dearth_n to_o ensue_v from_o thence_o the_o shore_n be_v draw_v in_o whereby_o there_o run_v forth_o into_o the_o sea_n a_o certain_a shelf_n or_o slang_n like_v unto_o a_o out-thrust_a tongue_n such_z as_o englishmen_z in_o old_a time_n term_v a_o file_n whereupon_o the_o little_a village_n there_o filey_n take_v name_n and_o more_o within_o the_o land_n you_o see_v flixton_n where_o in_o king_n athelstanes_n time_n be_v build_v a_o hospital_n for_o the_o defence_n thus_o word_n for_o word_n it_o be_v record_v of_o way-faring_a people_n pass_v that_o way_n from_o wolf_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v devour_v whereby_o it_o appear_v for_o certain_a that_o in_o those_o day_n wolf_n make_v foul_a work_n in_o this_o tract_n wolf_n which_o now_o be_v no_o where_o to_o be_v see_v in_o england_n no_o not_o in_o the_o very_a march_n towards_o scotland_n and_o yet_o within_o scotland_n there_o be_v number_n of_o they_o in_o most_o place_n this_o little_a territory_n or_o seignory_n of_o holdernesse_n holdernesse_n king_n william_n the_o first_o give_v to_o drugh_n buerer_n a_o fleming_n upon_o who_o also_o he_o have_v bestow_v his_o niece_n in_o marriage_n who_o when_o he_o have_v make_v away_o by_o poison_n and_o thereupon_o flee_v to_o save_v himself_o he_o have_v to_o succeed_v he_o stephen_n the_o son_n of_o odo_n pedigree_n lord_n of_o aulbemarle_n in_o normandy_n who_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o earl_n of_o champagne_n who_o king_n william_n the_o first_o because_o he_o be_v his_o nephew_n by_o the_o half_a sister_n of_o the_o mother_n side_n as_o they_o write_v make_v earl_n of_o aulbemarle_n who_o posterity_n in_o england_n retain_v the_o title_n although_o aulbemarle_n be_v a_o place_n in_o normandy_n his_o successor_n be_v william_n surname_v le_fw-fr grosse_n crâ—ssuâ—_n who_o only_a daughter_n avis_n be_v marry_v to_o three_o husband_n one_o after_o another_o namely_o to_o william_n magnavill_n earl_n of_o essex_n to_o baldwine_n de_fw-fr beton_n and_o william_n fort_n or_o de_fw-fr fortibus_fw-la by_o this_o last_o husband_n only_o she_o have_v issue_n william_n who_o also_o have_v a_o son_n name_v william_n his_o only_a daughter_n avelin_n be_v the_o wed_a wife_n of_o edmund_n crouchbacke_n gibbosus_fw-la earl_n of_o lancaster_n die_v without_o child_n and_o so_o as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o book_n of_o meaux_n abbey_n for_o default_n of_o heir_n the_o earldom_n of_o aulbemarle_n and_o honour_n of_o holdernesse_n be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n howbeit_o in_o the_o age_n ensue_a king_n richard_n the_o second_o create_v thomas_n of_o woodstock_n his_o uncle_n and_o afterward_o edward_n plantagenet_n earl_n of_o rutland_n the_o duke_n of_o york_n son_n duke_n of_o aulbemarle_n in_o his_o father_n life_n time_n likewise_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o make_v his_o own_o son_n thomas_n duke_z of_o clarence_z and_o earl_n of_o aulbemarle_n which_o title_n king_n henry_n the_o six_o afterward_o add_v unto_o the_o stile_n of_o richard_n beauchamp_n earl_n of_o warwick_n for_o the_o great_a augmentation_n of_o his_o honour_n eboracensis_fw-la comiâ—aâ—us_fw-la pars_fw-la septentrionalis_n vulgo_fw-la north_n ride_v north-riding_a scarce_a two_o mile_n above_o flamborrough-head_n begin_v the_o north-riding_a or_o the_o north_n part_n of_o this_o country_n ride_v which_o affront_a the_o other_o part_n and_o beginning_n at_o the_o sea_n be_v stretch_v out_o westward_o and_o carry_v a_o very_a long_a tract_n with_o it_o though_o not_o so_o broad_a for_o threescore_o mile_n together_o even_o as_o far_o as_o to_o westmoreland_n limit_v on_o the_o one_o side_n with_o derwent_n and_o for_o a_o while_n with_o the_o river_n ure_n on_o the_o other_o side_n with_o tees_n run_v all_o along_o it_o which_o on_o the_o north_n coast_n separate_v it_o from_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durrham_n and_o very_o fit_o may_v this_o part_n be_v divide_v into_o blackamoor_n cliveland_n northallverton-shire_n and_o richmondshire_n that_o which_o lie_v east_n and_o bend_v towards_o the_o sea_n be_v call_v blackamoor_n that_o be_v the_o black_a moorish_a land_n for_o it_o be_v mountainous_a and_o craggy_a the_o sea_n coast_n thereof_o have_v scarborrough_n castle_n castle_n for_o the_o great_a ornament_n a_o very_a goodly_a and_o famous_a thing_n in_o old_a time_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o burgh_n upon_o the_o scar_n or_o steep_a rock_n the_o description_n whereof_o have_v here_o out_o of_o william_n of_o newburgh_n his_o history_n a_o rock_n of_o a_o wonderful_a height_n and_o bigness_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o steep_a crag_n and_o cliff_n almost_o on_o every_o side_n be_v unaccessible_a bear_v into_o the_o sea_n wherewith_o it_o be_v all_o compass_v about_o save_v only_o a_o certain_a straight_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o gullet_n which_o yield_v access_n and_o open_v into_o the_o west_n have_v in_o the_o top_n a_o very_a fair_a green_a and_o large_a plain_n contain_v about_o threescore_o acre_n of_o ground_n or_o rather_o more_o a_o little_a well_o also_o of_o fresh_a water_n spring_v out_o of_o a_o stony_a rock_n in_o the_o foresay_a gullet_n or_o passage_n which_o a_o man_n shall_v have_v much_o ado_n to_o ascend_v up_o unto_o stand_v a_o stately_a and_o princelike_a tower_n and_o beneath_o the_o say_a passage_n begin_v the_o city_n or_o tower_n spread_v two_o side_n south_n and_o north_n but_o have_v the_o sore_a part_n westward_o and_o very_o it_o be_v fence_a afront_o with_o a_o wall_n of_o the_o own_o but_o on_o the_o east_n fortify_v with_o the_o rock_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o both_o the_o side_n thereof_o be_v water_v with_o the_o sea_n this_o place_n william_n le_fw-fr grosse_n earl_n of_o aulbemarle_n and_o holdernesse_n view_v well_o and_o see_v it_o to_o be_v a_o convenient_a plot_n for_o to_o build_v a_o castle_n upon_o help_a nature_n forward_o with_o a_o very_a costly_a work_n close_v the_o whole_a plain_a of_o the_o rock_n with_o a_o wall_n and_o build_v a_o tower_n in_o the_o very_o straight_o of_o the_o passage_n which_o be_v in_o process_n of_o time_n fall_v down_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o cause_v to_o be_v build_v in_o the_o same_o place_n a_o great_a and_o goodly_a castle_n after_o he_o have_v now_o bring_v under_o the_o noble_n of_o england_n who_o during_o the_o loose_a government_n of_o king_n stephen_n have_v consume_v the_o land_n of_o the_o crown_n but_o especial_o among_o other_o that_o william_n abovesaid_a of_o aulbemarle_n who_o have_v in_o this_o tract_n rule_v and_o reign_v like_o a_o king_n and_o possess_v himself_o of_o this_o place_n as_o his_o own_o touch_v the_o most_o project_n boldness_n of_o thomas_n stafford_n who_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v overthrow_v himself_o with_o great_a attempt_n with_o a_o few_o frenchman_n surprise_v this_o castle_n of_o a_o sudden_a in_o queen_n mary_n reign_n and_o hold_v it_o for_o two_o day_n together_o i_o need_v not_o to_o speak_v 144._o ne_o yet_o of_o shirley_n a_o gentleman_n of_o france_n who_o have_v accompany_v he_o be_v judicial_o indict_v and_o convict_v of_o high_a treason_n albeit_o he_o be_v a_o foreigner_n because_o he_o have_v do_v against_o
time_n and_o from_o out_o of_o they_o three_o hundred_o year_n ago_o and_o thirty_o robert_n stewart_n by_o marjorie_n his_o mother_n daughter_n to_o king_n robert_n brus_n obtain_v the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n and_o now_o late_o james_z stewart_n of_o that_o name_n the_o six_o king_n of_o scot_n by_o margaret_n his_o great_a grandmother_n daughter_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o the_o divine_a power_n of_o that_o most_o high_a and_o almighty_a ruler_n of_o the_o world_n so_o dispose_v be_v ascend_v with_o the_o general_a applause_n of_o all_o nation_n to_o the_o height_n of_o monarchical_a majesty_n over_o all_o britain_n and_o the_o isle_n adjacent_a rossia_fw-la the_o province_n rosse_n so_o call_v by_o a_o old_a scottish_a word_n which_o some_o interpret_v to_o be_v a_o promontory_n other_o a_o biland_n be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o people_n name_v cantae_n which_o term_v in_o effect_n imply_v as_o much_o in_o the_o time_n of_o ptolomee_n cantae_n this_o extend_v itself_o so_o wide_a and_o large_a that_o it_o reach_v from_o the_o one_o sea_n to_o the_o other_o what_o way_n it_o bear_v upon_o the_o vergivian_n or_o western_a ocean_n by_o reason_n of_o huge_a swell_a mountain_n advance_v their_o head_n aloft_o and_o many_o wood_n among_o they_o it_o be_v full_a of_o stags_n roe_n buck_n fallow_a deer_n and_o wild_a foul_a but_o where_o it_o but_v upon_o the_o german_a sea_n it_o be_v more_o lovely_a bedeck_v with_o corn_n field_n and_o pasture_n and_o withal_o much_o more_o civil_a in_o the_o very_a first_o entrance_n into_o it_o ardmanoch_n ardmanoch_n no_o small_a territory_n whereof_o the_o second_o son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n bear_v the_o title_n rise_v up_o with_o high_a mountain_n that_o be_v most_o trusty_a preserver_n of_o snow_n olympus_n as_o touch_v their_o height_n some_o have_v report_v unto_o i_o strange_a wonder_n and_o yet_o the_o ancient_a geometer_n have_v write_v that_o neither_o the_o depth_n of_o sea_n nor_o height_n of_o hill_n exceed_v by_o the_o plumbe_v line_n ten_o stadia_fw-la that_o be_v one_o mile_n and_o a_o quarter_n which_o notwithstanding_o they_o that_o have_v behold_v tenariffe_n among_o the_o canary_n land_n which_o be_v fifteen_o league_n high_a and_o sail_v withal_o the_o ocean_n near_o unto_o they_o will_v in_o no_o wise_n admit_v for_o truth_n in_o this_o part_n stand_v lovet_n castle_n and_o the_o barony_n of_o the_o worthy_a family_n of_o the_o fraser_n who_o for_o their_o singular_a good_a service_n for_o the_o scottish_a kingdom_n king_n james_n the_o second_o accept_v into_o the_o rank_n of_o baron_n and_o who_o the_o clan-ranalds_a a_o most_o bloody_a generation_n in_o a_o quarrel_n and_o brawl_v between_o they_o have_v whole_o destroy_v every_o mother_n son_n but_o that_o by_o the_o providence_n of_o god_n fourscore_o of_o the_o principal_a person_n of_o this_o family_n leave_v their_o wife_n at_o home_n all_o great_a with_o child_n who_o be_v deliver_v of_o so_o many_o son_n renew_v the_o house_n and_o multiply_v the_o name_n again_o but_o at_o nesse_n mouth_n there_o flourish_v sometime_o chanonrie_n so_o call_v of_o a_o rich_a college_n of_o canon_n while_o the_o ecclesiastical_a state_n stand_v in_o prosperity_n in_o which_o there_o be_v erect_v a_o see_v for_o the_o bishop_n of_o rosse_n hard_o by_o be_v place_v cromartie_n where_o urqhuart_n a_o gentleman_n of_o noble_a birth_n by_o hereditary_a right_n from_o his_o ancestor_n minister_v justice_n as_o sheriff_n to_o this_o sheriffdome_n and_o this_o be_v so_o commodious_a and_o safe_a a_o harbour_n for_o any_o fleet_n be_v it_o never_o so_o great_a that_o both_o sailor_n and_o geographer_n name_v it_o portus-salutis_a altum_fw-la that_o be_v the_o haven_n of_o safety_n above_o it_o be_v littus_n altum_fw-la whereof_o ptolomee_n make_v mention_v call_v now_o as_o it_o seem_v tarbarth_n for_o there_o indeed_o the_o shore_n rise_v to_o a_o great_a height_n enclose_v on_o the_o one_o side_n with_o cromer_n a_o most_o secure_a and_o safe_a haven_n and_o on_o the_o other_o with_o celnius_n cerones_n now_o killian_n the_o river_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o place_n towards_o the_o east_n ocean_n into_o the_o west_n sea_n the_o river_n longus_n mention_v in_o ptolomee_n at_o this_o day_n name_v lough_n longus_n run_v then_o the_o cerones_n ancient_o dwell_v where_o now_o be_v assinshire_n a_o country_n much_o mangle_v with_o many_o inlet_n and_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o bosom_a itself_o with_o manifold_a commodity_n rosse_n as_o for_o the_o earl_n of_o rosse_n it_o be_v full_a of_o difficulty_n to_o set_v they_o down_o in_o order_n successive_o out_o of_o writer_n about_o four_o hundred_o year_n past_a we_o read_v that_o ferqhuard_n flourish_v &_o enjoy_v this_o title_n but_o for_o default_n of_o issue_n male_a it_o come_v by_o a_o daughter_n to_o walter_n lesley_n who_o for_o his_o noble_a feat_n of_o arm_n courageous_o achieve_v under_o lewis_n the_o emperor_n be_v worthy_o name_v the_o noble_a knight_n he_o beget_v alexander_n earl_n of_o rosse_n and_o a_o daughter_n marry_v unto_o donald_n lord_n of_o the_o island_n hebrides_n this_o alexander_n have_v issue_v one_o only_a daughter_n who_o make_v over_o by_o her_o deed_n all_o her_o own_o title_n and_o right_a unto_o robert_n duke_n of_o albany_n whereat_o the_o say_v donald_n of_o the_o island_n be_v high_o enchafe_v and_o repine_v style_v himself_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o james_n the_o three_o king_n of_o the_o island_n and_o earl_n of_o rosse_n have_v with_o fire_n and_o sword_n lay_v waste_v his_o native_a country_n far_o &_o near_o at_o length_n the_o say_v k._n james_n the_o three_o by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o year_n 1476._o annex_v the_o earldom_n of_o rosse_n to_o the_o crown_n so_o as_o it_o may_v not_o be_v lawful_a for_o his_o successor_n to_o alienate_v by_o any_o mean_n from_o the_o crown_n either_o the_o earldom_n itself_o or_o any_o parcel_n thereof_o or_o by_o any_o device_n to_o grant_v the_o same_o unto_o any_o person_n save_v only_o to_o the_o king_n second_o son_n lawful_o bear_v whence_o it_o be_v that_o charles_n the_o king_n second_o son_n duke_n of_o york_n at_o this_o day_n hold_v a_o enjoy_v the_o title_n of_o earl_n of_o rosse_n sutherland_n beyond_o rosse_n sutherland_n look_v towards_o the_o east_n ocean_n a_o land_n more_o meet_a to_o breed_v cattle_n than_o to_o bear_v corn_n wherein_o there_o be_v hill_n of_o white_a marble_n a_o wonderful_a thing_n in_o this_o so_o cold_a a_o climate_n but_o of_o no_o use_n almost_o marble_n consider_v excess_n in_o building_n and_o that_o vain_a ostentation_n of_o riches_n be_v not_o yet_o reach_v to_o these_o remote_a region_n here_o be_v dunrobin_n dunrobin_n a_o castle_n of_o very_a great_a name_n the_o principal_a seat_n of_o the_o ancient_a earl_n of_o sutherland_n descend_v if_o i_o be_v not_o deceive_v sutherland_n out_o of_o the_o family_n of_o murray_n among_o who_o one_o william_n under_o king_n robert_n brus_n be_v most_o famous_a who_o marry_v the_o sister_n of_o the_o whole_a blood_n to_o k._n david_n and_o have_v by_o she_o a_o son_n who_o the_o say_v david_n declare_v heir_n apparent_a of_o the_o crown_n and_o compel_v his_o noble_n to_o swear_v unto_o he_o allegiance_n but_o he_o within_o a_o little_a after_o depart_v without_o issue_n and_o the_o earldom_n in_o the_o end_n come_v by_o a_o daughter_n and_o heir_n hereditary_o unto_o a._n gordon_n one_o of_o the_o line_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o huntly_n cathanes_n high_a lie_v cathanes_n butt_v full_a upon_o the_o say_a east_n sea_n bend_v inward_a with_o a_o number_n of_o creak_v and_o compass_n which_o the_o wave_n as_o it_o be_v indent_v in_o which_o dwell_v in_o ptolomee_n time_n the_o catini_n people_n but_o write_v false_o in_o some_o copy_n carini_n among_o who_o the_o self_n same_o ptolomee_n place_v the_o river_n ila_n which_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v the_o wifle_n at_o this_o day_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o province_n raise_v their_o great_a gain_n and_o revenue_n by_o graze_v and_o raise_v of_o cattle_n and_o by_o fish_v the_o chief_a castle_n therein_o be_v call_v girnego_n in_o which_o the_o earl_n of_o catnesse_n for_o the_o most_o part_n make_v their_o abode_n the_o bishop_n sea_n be_v in_o dornock_n a_o little_a mean_a town_n otherwise_o where_o also_o king_n james_n the_o four_o appoint_v the_o sheriff_n of_o catnesse_n to_o reside_v or_o else_o at_o wik_n as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v for_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n the_o earl_n of_o catnesse_n in_o ancient_a time_n be_v also_o earl_n of_o the_o orcades_n cathnesse_n but_o at_o last_o they_o become_v distinct_a and_o by_o the_o elder_a daughter_n of_o one_o malise_n give_v in_o marriage_n to_o william_n seincler_n the_o king_n pantler_n his_o heir_n successive_o come_v to_o be_v earl_n of_o catnesse_n
the_o duke_n of_o york_n and_o so_o to_o the_o king_n domain_v or_o crown_n for_o peter_n de_fw-fr genevile_n son_n to_o that_o maud_n beget_v joan_n espouse_v to_o roger_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_n and_o the_o other_o part_n by_o margaret_n wife_n to_o john_n lord_n verdon_n ireland_n and_o by_o his_o heir_n who_o be_v constable_n of_o ireland_n be_v devolve_v at_o length_n upon_o divers_a family_n in_o england_n as_o furnivall_n burghersh_n crophul_n etc._n etc._n the_o county_n of_o longford_n unto_o west_n meath_z on_o the_o north_n side_n join_v the_o county_n of_o longford_n reduce_v into_o this_o rank_n of_o country_n a_o few_o year_n since_o by_o the_o provident_a policy_n of_o sir_n henry_n sidney_n lord_n deputy_n call_v before_o time_n anale_n anale_n inhabit_v by_o a_o numerous_a sept_n of_o the_o o-pharols_a of_o which_o house_n there_o be_v two_o great_a man_n and_o potentate_n one_o rule_v in_o the_o south_n part_n o-pharoll_a name_v o-pharoll_a boy_n that_o be_v the_o yellow_a the_o other_o in_o the_o north_n call_v o-pharoll_a ban_n that_o be_v the_o white_a and_o very_o few_o englishman_n be_v there_o among_o they_o and_o those_o plant_v there_o but_o of_o late_a along_o the_o side_n of_o this_o county_n pass_v shannon_n the_o noble_a river_n of_o all_o ireland_n which_o as_o i_o have_v say_v run_v between_o meth_n and_o conaught_n shannon_n ptolomee_o name_v it_o senus_n orosius_n sena_n and_o some_o copy_n sacana_n giraldus_n flumen_n senense_n but_o the_o people_n dwell_v there_o by_o call_v it_o shanon_n that_o be_v as_o some_o expound_v it_o the_o ancient_a river_n he_o spring_v out_o of_o thern_a hill_n in_o the_o county_n le_fw-fr trim_n and_o forthwith_o cut_v through_o the_o land_n southward_o one_o while_o overflow_v the_o bank_n and_o enlarge_v himself_o into_o open_a pool_n and_o other_o while_o draw_v back_o again_o into_o narrow_a straits_n and_o after_o he_o have_v run_v abroad_o into_o one_o or_o two_o lake_n gather_v himself_o within_o his_o bank_n vale_v bonnet_n to_o macolicum_n malc_n now_o call_v malc_n as_o the_o most_o learned_a geographer_n gerard_n mercator_n have_v observe_v whereof_o ptolomee_n have_v make_v mention_n and_o then_o by_o and_o by_o be_v entertain_v by_o another_o broad_a mere_n they_o call_v it_o lough_n regith_v the_o name_n and_o situation_n whereof_o do_v after_o a_o sort_n imply_v rigia_n that_o the_o city_n rigia_n which_o ptolomee_n place_v there_o stand_v not_o far_o from_o hence_o but_o when_o he_o have_v once_o get_v beyond_o this_o pool_n and_o draw_v himself_o to_o a_o narrow_a channel_n within_o the_o bank_n there_o stand_v hard_a upon_o he_o the_o town_n athlon_fw-la of_o which_o i_o will_v write_v in_o place_n convenient_a from_o thence_o shannon_n have_v get_v over_o the_o water-fall_a at_o killolo_n whereof_o i_o must_v speak_v anon_o be_v now_o able_a to_o bear_v the_o big_a ship_n that_o be_v in_o a_o divide_a channel_n as_o it_o be_v with_o two_o arm_n clasp_v about_o the_o city_n limirick_n whereof_o i_o have_v speak_v already_o from_o hence_o shannon_n pass_v on_o direct_o for_o threescore_o mile_n or_o thereabouts_o in_o length_n bear_v a_o great_a breadth_n and_o make_v many_o a_o island_n by_o the_o way_n speed_v himself_o westward_o and_o in_o what_o place_n soever_o he_o become_v shallow_a and_o afford_v ford_n at_o a_o ebb_n or_o low_a water_n there_o be_v plant_v little_a fort_n with_o ward_n such_o be_v the_o careful_a providence_n of_o our_o forefather_n to_o restrain_v the_o inroad_n of_o preytake_v robber_n and_o so_o at_o length_n he_o run_v and_o void_v out_o at_o a_o huge_a mouth_n into_o the_o west_n ocean_n beyond_o knoc_z patric_n bredunicum_fw-la that_o be_v patrick_n hill_n for_o so_o necham_n term_v that_o place_n in_o these_o his_o verse_n of_o shannon_n fluminibus_fw-la magnis_fw-la laetatur_fw-la hibernia_n sineus_n inter_fw-la connatiam_fw-la momomiamque_fw-la fluit_fw-la transit_fw-la per_fw-la muros_fw-la limirici_fw-la knoc_z patric_n illum_fw-la oceani_fw-la clausum_fw-la sub_fw-la ditione_n videt_fw-la ireland_n take_v joy_n in_o river_n great_a and_o shannon_n they_o among_o betwixt_o connaught_n and_o munster_n both_o hold_v on_o his_o course_n along_o he_o run_v hard_a by_o limrick_n way_n knoc_z patric_n then_o at_o last_o within_o the_o gulf_n of_o the_o ocean_n do_v see_v he_o lodge_v fast_o connachtia_n or_o conaght_o the_o four_o part_n of_o ireland_n which_o bear_v westward_o close_v in_o with_o the_o river_n shannon_n the_o outlet_a of_o the_o lake_n or_o lough_n erne_n which_o some_o call_v trovis_n other_o bana_n and_o with_o the_o main_a western_a sea_n be_v name_v by_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la conachtia_fw-la and_o conacia_n in_o english_a conaght_n and_o in_o irish_a conaughty_n in_o ancient_a time_n as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o ptolomee_n it_o be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o gangani_n auteri_n who_o be_v also_o name_v concani_n auteri_n and_o nagnatae_n those_o concani_n or_o gangani_n like_v as_o the_o luceni_n their_o next_o neighbour_n that_o come_v from_o the_o lucensii_n in_o spain_n may_v seem_v by_o the_o affinity_n of_o name_n and_o also_o by_o the_o vicinity_n of_o place_n to_o have_v be_v derive_v from_o the_o concani_n in_o spain_n who_o in_o strabo_n be_v according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o read_v name_v coniaci_n and_o conisci_n who_o silius_n testify_v in_o these_o verse_n follow_v to_o have_v be_v at_o the_o first_o scythian_n and_o to_o have_v usual_o drink_v horse_n blood_n a_o thing_n even_o of_o late_a day_n nothing_o strange_a among_o the_o wild_a irish._n et_fw-la qui_fw-la massagetem_fw-la monstrans_fw-la feritate_fw-la parentem_fw-la cornipedis_fw-la fusa_fw-la satiaris_fw-la concane_n vena_fw-la and_o concane_n though_o in_o savageness_n that_o now_o resemble_v still_o thy_o parent_n old_a the_o massaget_n of_o horse-blood_n drink_v thy_o â—â—ll_v and_o beside_o he_o horace_n et_fw-la letum_fw-la equino_fw-la sanguine_fw-la concanum_fw-la and_o concaine_n who_o think_v it_o so_o good_a to_o make_v his_o drink_n of_o horse_n blood_n unless_o a_o man_n will_v suppose_v this_o irish_a name_n conaughty_n to_o be_v compound_v of_o concani_n and_o nagnatae_n well_o this_o province_n as_o it_o be_v in_o some_o place_n fresh_a and_o fruitful_a so_o by_o reason_n of_o certain_a moist_a place_n yet_o cover_v over_o with_o grass_n which_o of_o their_o softness_n they_o usual_o term_v boghe_n like_v as_o all_o the_o island_n beside_o every_o where_o be_v dangerous_a and_o thick_o set_v with_o many_o and_o those_o very_a shady_a wood_n as_o for_o the_o sea_n coast_n lie_v commodious_a as_o it_o do_v with_o many_o bay_n creek_n and_o navigable_a river_n after_o a_o sort_n it_o invit_v and_o provoke_v inhabitant_n to_o navigation_n but_o the_o sweetness_n of_o inbred_a idleness_n do_v so_o hang_v upon_o their_o lazy_a limb_n that_o they_o have_v rather_o get_v their_o live_n from_o door_n to_o door_n than_o by_o their_o honest_a labour_n keep_v themselves_o from_o beggary_n conaught_n be_v at_o this_o day_n divide_v into_o these_o county_n twomond_n or_o clare_n galway_n maio_n slego_n letrim_n and_o roscoman_n the_o ancient_a concani_n abovesaid_a hold_v in_o old_a time_n the_o more_o southerly_a part_n of_o this_o conaught_n where_o now_o lie_n twomond_n or_o clare_n the_o county_n galway_n clan-richards_n country_n and_o the_o barony_n of_o atterith_n twomond_n or_o the_o county_n clare_n twomon_n or_o twomond_n which_o giraldus_n call_v thuetmonia_n the_o irish_a twowoun_n that_o be_v the_o north-mounster_n which_o although_o it_o lie_v beyond_o the_o river_n shannon_n yet_o be_v count_v in_o time_n past_a part_n of_o monster_n until_o sir_n henry_n sidney_n lord_n deputy_n lay_v it_o unto_o conaught_n shoot_v out_o into_o the_o sea_n with_o a_o very_a great_a promontory_n grow_v by_o little_a and_o little_a thin_a and_o narrow_a on_o the_o east_n and_o south_n side_n it_o be_v so_o enclose_v with_o the_o wind_a course_n of_o the_o river_n shannon_n which_o wax_v big_a and_o big_a like_v as_o on_o the_o west_n part_n with_o the_o open_a main_a sea_n and_o on_o the_o north_n side_n confine_v so_o close_o upon_o the_o county_n galway_n that_o there_o be_v no_o come_n unto_o it_o by_o land_n but_o through_o the_o clan-ricards_a territory_n this_o be_v a_o country_n wherein_o a_o man_n will_v wish_v for_o nothing_o more_o either_o from_o sea_n or_o soil_n be_v but_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n correspondent_a to_o the_o rest_n which_o industry_n sir_n robert_n muscegros_n a_o english_a nobleman_n richard_n clare_n and_o thomas_n clare_n young_a brethren_n of_o the_o stock_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n unto_o who_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o have_v grant_v this_o country_n stir_v up_o long_o since_o by_o build_v town_n and_o castle_n and_o by_o allure_a they_o to_o the_o fellowship_n of_o a_o civil_a conversation_n of_o who_o name_n the_o chief_a town_n clare_n now_o the_o
dwell_a place_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o twomond_n take_v denomination_n as_o also_o the_o whole_a tract_n of_o it_o call_v the_o county_n of_o clare_n the_o place_n of_o great_a note_n and_o name_n than_o the_o rest_n killaloe_n be_v kilfennerag_n and_o killaloe_n or_o laon_n the_o bishop_n seat_n this_o in_o the_o roman_a provincial_n be_v term_v episcopatus_fw-la ladensis_fw-la where_o there_o stand_v a_o rock_n in_o the_o mid_a channel_n of_o the_o river_n shannon_n catarracta_fw-la from_o which_o the_o water_n rush_v down_o a_o main_a with_o a_o great_a fall_n and_o noise_n and_o by_o stand_v thus_o in_o the_o way_n as_o a_o bar_n hinder_v the_o river_n that_o it_o can_v carry_v vessel_n no_o further_o which_o if_o it_o be_v cut_v down_o or_o a_o drain_v make_v about_o it_o the_o river_n be_v able_a to_o bring_v up_o vessel_n much_o high_o to_o the_o great_a commodity_n of_o all_o the_o neighbour_n inhabitant_n not_o far_o from_o the_o bank_n of_o shannon_n bunraty_n be_v seat_v bunraty_n for_o which_o sir_n robert_n muscegros_n obtain_v from_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o mercate_z and_o fair_a and_o when_o he_o have_v fortify_v it_o with_o a_o castle_n give_v it_o at_o length_n unto_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o who_o grant_v both_o this_o town_n and_o the_o whole_a territory_n unto_o richard_n clare_n aforesaid_a and_o seven_o mile_n from_o thence_o clare_n appear_v clare_n the_o principal_a town_n at_o a_o creek_n flow_v up_o out_o of_o shannon_n full_a of_o island_n and_o these_o twain_o be_v the_o only_a mercate_z town_n here_o and_o those_o but_o small_a one_o most_o of_o the_o english_a who_o be_v in_o time_n past_o bring_v hither_o to_o inhabit_v be_v either_o root_v out_o or_o become_v degenerate_a and_o grow_v irish_a but_o they_o who_o carry_v the_o whole_a sway_n here_o at_o this_o day_n be_v of_o the_o irish_a blood_n as_o mac-nemors_a mac-mahon_n o-loughton_a and_o the_o mighty_a by_o far_a of_o all_o other_o the_o o-briens_n descend_v from_o the_o ancient_a potentate_n or_o king_n of_o conaght_n or_o as_o themselves_o give_v it_o forth_o twomond_n from_o the_o monarch_n of_o ireland_n of_o these_o morogh_n o-brien_n be_v the_o first_o earl_n of_o twomond_n create_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o for_o term_v of_o life_n and_o after_o he_o to_o donough_n his_o brother_n son_n and_o his_o heir_n who_o at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v make_v baron_n of_o ibarcan_a succeed_v in_o the_o earldom_n and_o be_v slay_v by_o his_o brother_n sir_n donel_n o-brien_n connagher_n o-brien_n donagh_n son_n be_v the_o three_o earl_n and_o father_n to_o donaugh_n now_o the_o four_o earl_n who_o have_v show_v singular_a good_a proof_n of_o his_o faithful_a loialty_n and_o courageous_a valour_n unto_o his_o prince_n and_o country_n in_o most_o dangerous_a time_n to_o his_o singular_a commendation_n the_o county_n of_o gallway_n the_o county_n of_o gallway_n meer_v south_n upon_o clare_n west_n upon_o the_o ocean_n north_n upon_o the_o county_n maio_n and_o east_n upon_o the_o river_n shannon_n a_o land_n very_o thankful_a unto_o the_o industrious_a husbandman_n and_o no_o less_o profitable_a unto_o the_o shepherd_n the_o west_n shore_n endent_v in_o with_o small_a inlets_a and_o outlet_n or_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v a_o border_n all_o along_o of_o green_a land_n and_o rugged_a rock_n set_v orderly_o as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o row_n among_o which_o four_o land_n call_v arran_n arran_n make_v a_o barony_n and_o many_o a_o foolish_a fable_n go_v of_o they_o as_o if_o they_o be_v the_o land_n of_o the_o live_n wherein_o none_o do_v die_v also_o inis_fw-la ceath_n well_o know_v in_o time_n pass_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o monastery_n of_o colman_n a_o devout_a saint_n hist._n found_v for_o scot_n and_o englishman_n and_o inis-bovind_a which_o bede_n interprete_v out_o of_o the_o scottish_a tongue_n to_o signify_v the_o isle_n of_o white_a heifer_n whereas_o it_o be_v a_o mere_a british_a word_n but_o the_o englishman_n soon_o forsake_v the_o monastery_n when_o the_o scot_n and_o they_o can_v not_o well_o agree_v together_o logh-corbes_a further_o within_o lie_v a_o lake_n call_v logh-corbes_a where_o ptolomee_n place_v the_o river_n ausoba_n spread_v out_o twenty_o mile_n or_o thereabouts_o in_o length_n and_o three_o or_o four_o in_o breadth_n be_v navigable_a and_o garnish_v with_o 300._o petty_a land_n full_a of_o grass_n and_o bear_v pine-tree_n which_o lake_n when_o it_o reach_v near_o the_o sea_n grow_v narrow_a into_o a_o river_n gallwey_n run_v under_o gallway_n in_o the_o irish_a tongue_n gallive_a name_v so_o or_o else_o i_o can_v tell_v of_o the_o gallaeci_n in_o spain_n the_o very_a principal_a city_n of_o this_o province_n and_o which_o will_v think_v hardly_o to_o be_v reckon_v the_o three_o in_o ireland_n sure_o a_o very_a proper_a and_o fair_a city_n it_o be_v build_v almost_o round_o and_o in_o manner_n tower-like_a of_o entry_n and_o some_o stone_n and_o have_v beside_o to_o set_v it_o out_o a_o bishop_n see_v and_o withal_o through_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o haven_n and_o ride_v abovesaid_a under_o it_o be_v well_o frequent_v with_o merchant_n have_v easy_a and_o gainful_a traffic_n by_o exchange_n of_o rich_a commodity_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n 1516._o not_o full_a four_o mile_n from_o hence_o stand_v knoctoe_n that_o be_v the_o hill_n of_o axe_n under_o which_o that_o noble_a girald_n fitz-girald_a earl_n of_o kildare_n and_o by_o time_n for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o and_o thirty_o year_n lord_n deputy_n of_o ireland_n discomfit_v and_o put_v to_o flight_n after_o a_o bloody_a overthrow_n the_o great_a rabble_n of_o rebel_n that_o ever_o be_v see_v before_o in_o ireland_n raise_v and_o gather_v together_o by_o william_n burk_n o-bren_a mac-nomare_a and_o o-carrall_n not_o far_o from_o hence_o eastward_o stand_v aterith_n in_o which_o remain_v some_o footing_n of_o the_o name_n of_o auteri_n common_o call_v athenry_n aterith_n enclose_v round_o about_o with_o a_o wall_n of_o great_a circuit_n but_o slender_o inhabit_v it_o glori_v much_o of_o that_o warlike_a baron_n thereof_o birminghams_n john_n de_fw-fr birmingham_n a_o englishman_n out_o of_o which_o family_n the_o earl_n of_o louth_n descend_v but_o these_o birminghams_n of_o aterith_n be_v now_o as_o it_o be_v degenerate_a into_o barbarous_a irishry_n scarce_o acknowledge_v themselves_o to_o have_v be_v english_a original_o the_o sept_n or_o kindred_n of_o the_o irish_a here_o that_o be_v of_o the_o better_a sort_n be_v o_o kelleis_n o_o maiden_n o_o flairt_n mac_n dervis_n etc._n etc._n clanricard_a clanricard_a that_o be_v the_o son_n kindred_n or_o tube_n of_o richard_n or_o the_o land_n of_o richard_n son_n confine_v upon_o these_o and_o lie_v to_o this_o county_n the_o name_n it_o take_v after_o the_o irish_a manner_n from_o one_o richard_n of_o a_o english_a family_n call_v the_o burgh_n that_o become_v afterward_o of_o most_o high_a renown_n and_o name_n in_o this_o tract_n and_o out_o of_o which_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o create_v ulick_n burgh_n earl_n of_o clanricard_a who_o elder_a son_n carry_v the_o title_n of_o baron_n dunkellin_a his_o son_n richard_n be_v the_o second_o earl_n who_o child_n beget_v of_o sundry_a wife_n stir_v up_o many_o trouble_n to_o the_o grief_n of_o their_o father_n the_o overthrow_n of_o their_o own_o country_n and_o themselves_o after_o richard_n who_o die_v a_o old_a man_n succeed_v his_o son_n ulick_n the_o three_o earl_n and_o father_n to_o richard_n the_o four_o earl_n now_o live_v who_o fast_a fidelity_n and_o singular_a fortitude_n have_v to_o his_o great_a praise_n evident_o appear_v when_o the_o english_a and_o their_o whole_a estate_n in_o ireland_n be_v in_o great_a danger_n tuen_o in_o this_o territory_n be_v the_o archbishop_n see_v of_o toam_n unto_o which_o in_o old_a time_n many_o bishop_n be_v subject_a but_o at_o this_o day_n the_o bishopric_n of_o anagchony_n duae_fw-la and_o maio_n be_v annex_v unto_o it_o the_o bishopric_n likewise_o of_o kilmacough_n which_o in_o the_o old_a provincial_n unless_o the_o name_n be_v corrupt_a be_v not_o mention_v as_o also_o of_o clonfert_n be_v seat_v in_o this_o part_n and_o as_o i_o have_v hear_v unite_v to_o the_o see_v of_o toam_n the_o county_n of_o maio_n the_o county_n maio_n on_o which_o the_o western_a ocean_n beat_v lie_v bound_v south_n with_o the_o county_n of_o galway_n east_n with_o the_o county_n roscoman_n and_o north_n with_o the_o county_n of_o slego_n a_o fertile_a country_n and_o a_o pleasant_a abundant_o rich_a in_o cattle_n dear_a hawk_n and_o plenty_n of_o honey_n take_v the_o name_n of_o maio_n maio._n a_o little_a city_n with_o a_o bishop_n see_v in_o it_o which_o in_o the_o roman_a provincial_n be_v call_v mageo_n but_o that_o episcopal_a seat_n be_v now_o annex_v to_o the_o metropolitan_a of_o
per_fw-la ultima_fw-la serpit_fw-la mersit_fw-la rege_fw-la satos_fw-la occidit_fw-la orbis_fw-la honos_fw-la while_o norman_n after_o victory_n of_o noble_a frenchman_n win_v make_v sail_n for_o england_n god_n himself_o withstand_v they_o all_o anon_o for_o as_o the_o rough_a and_o surge_a wave_n they_o cut_v with_o brittle_a bark_n he_o bring_v upon_o the_o trouble_a sea_n thick_a fog_n and_o weather_n dark_a while_o sailor_n then_o in_o coast_n unknown_a be_v drive_v and_o hale_v astray_o upon_o blind_a rock_n their_o ship_n be_v split_v and_o quick_o cast_v away_o thus_o when_o salt_n water_n enter_v in_o and_o upmost_a hatch_n catch_v drown_v be_v that_o royal_a progeny_n world_n honour_n come_v to_o naught_o more_o westward_n certain_a land_n affront_n france_n yet_o under_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o first_o of_o all_o upon_o the_o coast_n of_o normandy_n or_o the_o lexobii_n who_o our_o britan_n or_o welshman_n term_n lettaw_n as_o one_o will_v say_v littorales_n that_o be_v coast-man_n lie_v alderney_n alderney_n which_o in_o the_o record_n be_v name_v aurney_n aureney_n and_o aurigney_n so_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v that_o arica_n which_o in_o antonine_n according_a to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n copy_n be_v reckon_v among_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o british_a sea_n other_o hold_v it_o to_o be_v that_o ebodia_n or_o evodia_n whereof_o paulus_n diaconus_fw-la only_a have_v make_v mention_n who_o have_v small_a skill_n of_o this_o coast_n which_o he_o place_v thirty_o mile_n from_o the_o shore_n of_o seine_n and_o tell_v of_o a_o rumble_a &_o roar_a noise_n of_o water_n fall_v into_o a_o gulf_n or_o charybdis_n that_o be_v hear_v a_o far_o off_o this_o alderney_n lie_v in_o the_o chief_a trade_n of_o all_o ship_n pass_v from_o the_o eastern_a part_n to_o the_o west_n three_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o coast_n of_o normandy_n thirty_o from_o the_o near_a part_n of_o england_n extend_v from_o south_n east_n to_o the_o north_n west_n and_o contain_v about_o eight_o mile_n in_o circuit_n the_o south_n shore_n consist_v of_o high_a cliff_n the_o air_n be_v healthful_a the_o soil_n sufficient_o rich_a full_a of_o fresh_a pasture_n and_o cornfield_n yet_o the_o inhabitant_n poor_a through_o a_o custom_n of_o part_v their_o land_n into_o small_a parcel_n by_o gavelkind_n the_o town_n be_v situate_a well_o near_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o isle_n have_v a_o parish_n church_n and_o about_o 80._o family_n with_o a_o harbour_n call_v crabbic_a some_o mile_n off_o on_o the_o east_n side_n there_o be_v a_o ancient_a fort_n and_o a_o dwell_a house_n build_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o chamberlans_n for_o the_o fee_n farm_n of_o the_o isle_n be_v grant_v by_o queen_n elizabeth_n to_o g._n chamberlain_n son_n to_o sir_n leonard_n chamberlain_n of_o shirburne_n in_o oxfordshire_n when_o he_o recover_v it_o from_o the_o french_a and_o under_o this_o fort_n the_o sand_n with_o violent_a drift_n from_o the_o northwest_o overlay_v the_o land_n so_o that_o now_o it_o serve_v thereabouts_o most_o for_o coney_n i_o know_v not_o whether_o i_o be_v best_a to_o relate_v of_o a_o giant_n tooth_n one_o of_o the_o grinder_n which_o be_v find_v in_o this_o island_n of_o that_o big_a size_n that_o it_o equal_v a_o man_n fist_n see_v saint_n augustine_n write_v of_o one_o that_o himself_o see_v so_o big_a that_o if_o it_o be_v cut_v in_o small_a piece_n to_o the_o proportion_n of_o our_o tooth_n it_o seem_v it_o may_v have_v make_v a_o hundred_o of_o they_o hence_o westward_o there_o run_v out_o a_o craggy_a ridge_n of_o rock_n which_o have_v their_o several_a eddy_n casquettes_n and_o therefore_o fear_v of_o the_o mariner_n who_o term_v they_o casquette_v out_o of_o one_o of_o the_o which_o proper_o name_v casket_n there_o gush_v a_o most_o sweet_a spring_n of_o fresh_a water_n to_o the_o great_a comfort_n of_o the_o iland-fisherman_n beat_v up_o and_o down_o hereabout_o at_o these_o to_o remember_v incident_o that_o the_o memory_n of_o a_o well-deserving_a patriot_n may_v not_o perish_v the_o fleet_n which_o john_n philipot_n citizen_n of_o london_n set_v forth_o and_o man_v at_o his_o own_o private_a charge_n have_v a_o glorious_a victory_n over_o a_o rabble_n of_o pirate_n who_o impeach_v all_o traffic_n take_v their_o captain_n and_o fifteen_o spanish_a ship_n that_o consort_v with_o they_o which_o worthy_a man_n also_o maintain_v 1000_o soldier_n at_o his_o own_o pay_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n against_o the_o french_a who_o sore_o infest_a the_o southern_a coast_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o to_o omit_v his_o great_a loan_z to_o the_o king_n and_o other_o good_a and_o laudable_a office_n to_o his_o country_n under_o these_o lie_v southward_n caesarea_n whereof_o antonine_n have_v write_v scarce_o twelve_o mile_n distant_a from_o alderney_n which_o name_n the_o frenchman_n now_o have_v clip_v so_o short_a as_o the_o spaniard_n have_v caesar_n augusta_n in_o spain_n gerzey_n for_o they_o call_v it_o gearzey_n like_a as_o cherburgh_n for_o caesarisburgus_fw-la and_o saragose_v for_o caesar_n augusta_fw-la gregorius_n turonensis_n call_v it_o the_o island_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o lie_v to_o the_o city_n constantia_n where_o he_o report_v how_o pratextatus_n bishop_n of_o rouen_n be_v confine_v hither_o like_v as_o papirius_n massonius_n term_v it_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o constantia_n because_o it_o but_v just_a upon_o the_o ancient_a city_n constantia_n which_o may_v seem_v in_o ammianus_n to_o be_v name_v castra_n constantia_n moritavum_fw-la and_o in_o the_o forego_n ages_fw-la moritonium_fw-la for_o robert_n montensis_fw-la write_v thus_o comes_fw-la moritonii_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la constantiarum_fw-la if_o that_o be_v not_o a_o gloss_n of_o the_o transcriber_n for_o moritonium_fw-la which_o now_o be_v mortaigne_a be_v far_a distant_a from_o the_o sea_n this_o isle_n be_v thirty_o mile_n or_o thereabouts_o in_o compass_n fence_v with_o rock_n and_o shelf_n which_o be_v shallow_a place_n dangerous_a for_o such_o as_o sail_v that_o way_n the_o ground_n be_v fertile_a enough_o bear_v plenty_n of_o sundry_a sort_n of_o corn_n and_o breed_a cat-tail_n of_o divers_a kind_n but_o sheep_n especial_o and_o most_o of_o they_o with_o fair_a head_n carry_v four_o horn_n a_o piece_n the_o air_n be_v very_o wholesome_a and_o healthy_a not_o subject_a to_o any_o other_o disease_n but_o ague_n in_o september_n which_o thereupon_o they_o term_v settember_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o be_v for_o physician_n here_o and_o for_o that_o it_o be_v scarce_o of_o fuel_n in_o steed_n of_o fire_n wood_n they_o use_v a_o kind_n of_o sea_n weed_n which_o they_o call_v uraic_n marinus_fw-la deem_v to_o be_v that_o fucus_fw-la marinus_fw-la which_o pliny_n mention_v and_o grow_v every_o where_o about_o in_o craggy_a land_n and_o on_o rock_n most_o plenteous_o this_o be_v dry_v at_o the_o fire_n serve_v for_o to_o burn_v with_o the_o ash_n whereof_o as_o it_o be_v with_o marle_n and_o the_o fat_a of_o the_o earth_n they_o dung_n common_o their_o field_n and_o fallow_n and_o thereby_o make_v they_o very_a battle_n &_o fruitful_a neither_o be_v they_o permit_v to_o gather_v it_o but_o in_o the_o spring_n and_o summer_n season_n and_o then_o upon_o certain_a day_n appoint_v by_o the_o magistrate_n at_o which_o time_n with_o a_o certain_a festival_n mirth_n they_o repair_v in_o number_n from_o all_o part_n to_o the_o shore_n with_o their_o car_n as_o also_o to_o the_o rock_n near_o unto_o they_o they_o speed_v themselves_o a_o vie_n with_o their_o fisher-boat_n but_o whatsoever_o of_o this_o kind_a the_o sea_n cast_v up_o the_o poor_a may_v gather_v for_o their_o own_o use_n the_o inward_a part_n of_o the_o isle_n gentle_o rise_v and_o swell_v up_o with_o pretty_a hill_n under_o which_o lie_v pleasant_a valley_n water_v with_o riveret_n and_o plant_v with_o fruitful_a tree_n but_o apple_n tree_n especial_o of_o which_o they_o make_v a_o kind_n of_o drink_n well_o store_v it_o be_v with_o farm_n place_n and_o village_n have_v within_o it_o twelve_o parish_n and_o furnish_v on_o every_o side_n with_o creek_n and_o commodious_a road_n among_o which_o the_o safe_a be_v that_o in_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o isle_n between_o the_o two_o little_a town_n saint_n hilary_n and_o saint_n alban_n which_o harbour_n have_v also_o a_o little_a island_n belong_v to_o it_o fortify_v with_o a_o garrison_n have_v no_o way_n of_o access_n unto_o it_o wherein_o by_o report_n saint_n hilary_n bishop_n of_o poitiers_n after_o he_o have_v be_v banish_v hither_o be_v inter_v for_o the_o town_n dedicate_v to_o his_o name_n just_o over_o against_o this_o island_n be_v account_v the_o principal_a town_n both_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o mercate_z and_o traffic_v there_o as_o also_o of_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n which_o be_v
troublous_a and_o rough_a narrow_a sea_n separate_v by_o the_o space_n of_o two_o or_o three_o hour_n sail_v from_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o danmony_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o observe_v the_o custom_n of_o ancient_a time_n they_o have_v no_o fair_n nor_o mercate_n and_o refuse_v money_n they_o give_v and_o take_v one_o thing_n for_o another_o they_o provide_v themselves_o of_o necessary_n by_o way_n of_o exchange_n rather_o than_o by_o prise_v and_o give_v of_o money_n they_o serve_v the_o god_n devout_o both_o man_n and_o woman_n will_v be_v count_v wizzard_n and_o skilful_a in_o foretell_v thing_n to_o come_v eustathius_n out_o of_o strabo_n term_v the_o inhabitant_n melanchlanos_fw-la because_o they_o be_v clad_v in_o black_a garment_n reach_v down_o to_o the_o ankle_n and_o as_o sardus_n be_v persuade_v they_o depart_v out_o of_o this_o world_n for_o the_o most_o part_n so_o long_a liver_n that_o they_o desire_v to_o live_v no_o long_o for_o from_o the_o top_n of_o a_o rock_n as_o he_o say_v they_o throw_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n in_o hope_n of_o a_o more_o happy_a life_n which_o doubtless_o be_v the_o persuasion_n of_o the_o britain_n druid_n hither_o also_o the_o roman_a emperor_n be_v wont_a to_o send_v person_n condemn_v to_o work_v in_o the_o mine_n for_o maximus_n the_o emperor_n when_o he_o have_v condemn_v priscillanus_fw-la to_o death_n for_o heresy_n command_v his_o sectary_n and_o disciple_n justantius_n a_o bishop_n of_o spain_n and_o tiberianus_n after_o their_o good_n be_v confiscate_v to_o be_v carry_v away_o into_o the_o land_n of_o silly_a and_o marcus_n the_o emperor_n banish_v he_o that_o in_o the_o commotion_n of_o cassius_n have_v prophesy_v and_o utter_v many_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v by_o a_o divine_a instinct_n of_o the_o god_n into_o this_o island_n as_o some_o be_v very_o persuade_v who_o willing_o for_o syria_n insula_n read_v sylia_n insula_n that_o be_v the_o isle_n of_o silly_a consider_v the_o geographer_n as_o yet_o know_v no_o such_o island_n as_o syria_n mathematicis_fw-la this_o confine_a or_o pack_v away_o of_o offender_n into_o land_n be_v in_o those_o day_n a_o kind_n of_o exile_n and_o the_o governor_n of_o province_n may_v in_o that_o manner_n banish_v if_o they_o have_v any_o land_n under_o they_o if_o not_o they_o write_v unto_o the_o emperor_n that_o himself_o will_v assign_v some_o island_n for_o the_o party_n condemn_v neither_o be_v it_o lawful_a without_o the_o privity_n of_o the_o prince_n to_o translate_v else_o whither_o or_o to_o bury_v the_o body_n of_o he_o that_o be_v thus_o banish_v into_o a_o island_n in_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o middle_a time_n we_o find_v not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o name_n of_o these_o land_n of_o silly_a but_o only_o that_o king_n athelstane_n subdue_v they_o and_o after_o his_o return_n build_v a_o church_n in_o honour_n of_o s._n beriana_n or_o buriena_n in_o the_o utmost_a promontory_n westward_o of_o britain_n where_o he_o land_v full_o against_o these_o on_o the_o french_a coast_n axantos_fw-la lie_v pliny_n axanto_n a_o isle_n right_a before_o the_o osissimi_fw-la or_o britain_n armoury_n which_o keep_v still_o the_o name_n whole_a be_v call_v ushant_n ushant_n antonine_n term_v it_o uxantissena_n in_o which_o one_o word_n two_o land_n grow_v together_o to_o wit_n uxantis_n and_o sena_n for_o this_o island_n lie_v somewhat_o low_o now_o call_v sayen_v siambis_n which_o butt_v full_a upon_o breast_n be_v name_v in_o some_o copy_n siambis_n and_o of_o pliny_n corrupt_o sounos_n about_o which_o from_o east_n to_o west_n for_o seven_o mile_n together_o or_o thereabouts_o there_o shoot_v forth_o a_o number_n of_o rock_n rather_o than_o land_n stand_v very_o thick_a together_o seam_n touch_v this_o say_fw-ge take_v with_o you_o that_o which_o pomponius_n mela_n report_v scena_fw-la say_v he_o lie_v in_o the_o british_a sea_n opposite_a unto_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o osissimi_fw-la be_v famous_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o oracle_n of_o a_o french_a god_n who_o shee-priest_n vow_v perpetual_a virginity_n be_v say_v to_o be_v nine_o in_o number_n the_o frenchman_n call_v they_o zenas_n or_o lenas_n for_o so_o read_v i_o with_o turnebus_n rather_o than_o gallitenas_n and_o man_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o they_o be_v endue_v with_o especial_a endowment_n of_o nature_n be_v able_a by_o enchantment_n to_o trouble_v the_o sea_n and_o raise_v up_o wind_n to_o turn_v themselves_o into_o what_o live_v creature_n they_o list_v to_o heal_v all_o those_o malady_n which_o with_o other_o be_v incurable_a for_o to_o know_v also_o and_o to_o foretell_v thing_n to_o come_v etc._n etc._n beneath_o these_o there_o lie_v other_o land_n in_o length_n namely_o isles_n aux_fw-fr motion_n near_o unto_o pen-mac_n that_o be_v the_o horsehead_n gleran_n over_o against_o old_a blavic_n which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v blavet_fw-la grois_n and_o bellisle_n all_o which_o pliny_n call_v veneticae_n for_o they_o lie_v opposite_a unto_o the_o veneti_n in_o little_a britain_n nesidae_fw-la who_o i_o wot_v not_o whether_o they_o be_v so_o name_v as_o one_o will_v say_v fishermen_z for_o venna_n in_o the_o ancient_a language_n of_o the_o gall_n seem_v to_o signify_v so_o much_o these_o strabo_n suppose_v to_o have_v be_v the_o founder_n and_o stockfather_n of_o the_o venetian_n in_o italy_n who_o write_v also_o that_o they_o intend_v to_o have_v give_v caesar_n battle_n at_o sea_n when_o he_o mind_v the_o conquest_n of_o britain_n these_o island_n veneticae_n some_o out_o of_o dionysius_n afer_n term_n neside_v whereas_o in_o the_o greek_a book_n we_o read_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o tract_n of_o the_o island_n of_o which_o priscian_n out_o of_o he_o write_v thus_o nec_fw-la spatio_fw-la distant_a nessidum_fw-la littora_fw-la longè_fw-la in_o quibus_fw-la vxores_fw-la samnitum_fw-la amnitum_fw-la bacchica_n sacra_fw-la concelebrant_fw-la hederae_fw-la foliis_fw-la tectaeque_fw-la corymbis_fw-la non_fw-la sic_fw-la bistonides_n absynthi_n ad_fw-la flumina_fw-la thrace_n exertis_fw-la celebrant_a clamoribus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d nor_o distant_a far_o from_o hence_o the_o shore_n do_v lie_v of_o land_n which_o nessides_n many_o call_n wherein_o the_o wife_n of_o amnite_n solemn_o concelebrate_v their_o high_a feast_n bacchanal_n with_o ivy_n leave_v and_o berry_n cover_v all_o the_o thracian_a dame_n make_v not_o so_o loud_a a_o cry_n at_o bacchus_n feast_n the_o river_n absynt_v by_o which_o festus_n avienus_n also_o have_v express_v in_o these_o verse_n hinc_fw-la spumosus_fw-la item_n ponti_fw-la liquor_n explicat_fw-la aestum_fw-la et_fw-la brevis_fw-la è_fw-la pelago_fw-la vortex_fw-la subit_fw-la hic_fw-la chorus_n ingens_fw-la poeminei_fw-la coetus_fw-la pulchri_fw-la colit_fw-la orgia_n bacchi_fw-la producit_fw-la noctem_fw-la ludus_fw-la sacer_fw-la aera_fw-la pulsant_fw-la vocibus_fw-la &_o crebris_fw-la laiè_fw-la sola_fw-la calcibus_fw-la urgent_a non_fw-la sic_fw-la absynthi_n propè_fw-la flumina_fw-la thrace_n &_o almae_fw-la bistonides_n non_fw-la quà _fw-la celeri_fw-la rvit_fw-la agmina_fw-la ganges_n indorum_fw-la populi_fw-la stata_fw-la curant_fw-la festa_fw-la lyaeo_n from_o hence_o likewise_o the_o foam_a sea_n display_v his_o swell_a tide_n and_o from_o the_o deep_a short_a whirl_n puff_v rise_v here_o by_o the_o water_n side_n a_o mighty_a sort_n of_o woman_n meet_v the_o feast_n of_o bacchus_n fair_a to_o celebrate_v their_o sacred_a sport_n last_o all_o night_n long_o the_o air_n ring_v over_o head_n with_o voice_n shrill_a and_o under_o foot_n the_o ground_n with_o many_o a_o frisk_n and_o stamp_n of_o they_o in_o dance_v do_v resound_v like_a noise_n make_v not_o thracian_a dame_n the_o biston_n wife_n i_o say_v along_o absynthus_fw-la river_n while_o they_o use_v to_o sport_n and_o play_v nor_o indian_n near_o swift_a ganges_n stream_n far_o in_o such_o frantic_a wise_a bacchus_n what_o time_n to_o god_n liaeus_n they_o their_o set_a feast_n solemnize_v now_o that_o bellisle_n be_v one_o of_o these_o foresay_a nessidae_fw-la the_o authority_n of_o strabo_n from_o the_o faithful_a report_n of_o other_o do_v prove_v sufficient_o for_o it_o lie_v before_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n loire_n and_o ptolomee_n place_v the_o samnitae_n in_o a_o coast_n of_o france_n opposite_a unto_o it_o for_o thus_o write_v strabo_n moreover_o they_o say_v there_o be_v a_o little_a island_n in_o the_o ocean_n lie_v not_o far_o into_o the_o deep_a sea_n full_a against_o the_o mouth_n of_o ligeris_n that_o in_o it_o inhabit_v the_o wife_n of_o the_o samnitae_n which_o be_v inspire_v with_o the_o instinct_n or_o divine_a power_n of_o bacchus_n and_o by_o ceremony_n and_o sacrifice_n procure_v the_o favour_n of_o bacchus_n that_o no_o man_n come_v thither_o but_o themselves_o take_n their_o bark_n sail_v away_o and_o company_n with_o their_o own_o husband_n and_o so_o return_v again_o into_o the_o island_n also_o that_o a_o custom_n it_o be_v among_o they_o to_o take_v away_o the_o roof_n of_o their_o temple_n yearly_a
the_o son_n of_o silvius_n and_o last_o of_o one_o hessicio_fw-la and_o there_o want_v not_o as_o i_o have_v hear_v say_v a_o certain_a count-palatine_a who_o 〈◊〉_d need_v have_v our_o brutus_n to_o be_v call_v brotus_n because_o forsooth_o in_o his_o birth_n he_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o mother_n death_n as_o if_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sound_v so_o much_o in_o greek_a in_o the_o judgement_n of_o other_o they_o shall_v have_v leave_v the_o original_a of_o britain_n as_o probable_a if_o they_o have_v father_v their_o progeny_n either_o upon_o brito_n the_o centaur_n who_o hinginus_fw-la mention_v bretanus_fw-la or_o that_o bretanus_fw-la of_o who_o daughter_n celtice_n parthenius_n nicaeus_n a_o very_a ancient_a author_n write_v that_o hercules_n beget_v celtus_n the_o father_n of_o the_o celtae_n and_o from_o who_o hesychius_n derive_v the_o word_n britain_n as_o for_o these_o observation_n and_o judgement_n of_o other_o man_n which_o i_o have_v recite_v i_o beseech_v you_o let_v no_o man_n commence_v action_n against_o i_o a_o plain_a meaning_n man_n and_o a_o ingenuous_a student_n of_o the_o truth_n as_o though_o i_o impeach_v that_o narration_n of_o brutus_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o have_v be_v always_o i_o hope_v lawful_a for_o every_o man_n in_o such_o like_a matter_n both_o to_o think_v what_o he_o will_v and_o also_o to_o relate_v what_o other_o have_v think_v for_o i_o own_o part_n let_v brutus_n be_v take_v for_o the_o father_n and_o founder_n of_o the_o british_a nation_n i_o will_v not_o be_v of_o a_o contrary_a mind_n let_v the_o britain_n resolve_n still_o of_o their_o original_n to_o have_v proceed_v from_o the_o trojan_n into_o which_o stock_n as_o i_o will_v hereafter_o prove_v they_o may_v true_o engraph_v themselves_o i_o will_v not_o gain-stand_a it_o i_o wot_v full_a well_o that_o nation_n in_o old_a time_n for_o their_o original_n have_v recourse_n unto_o hercules_n &_o in_o late_a age_n to_o the_o trojan_n let_v antiquity_n herein_o be_v pardon_v livius_n if_o by_o entermingle_v falsity_n and_o truth_n humane_a matter_n and_o divine_a together_o it_o make_v the_o first_o beginning_n of_o nation_n and_o city_n more_o noble_a sacred_a and_o of_o great_a majesty_n see_v that_o as_o pliny_n write_v even_o false_o to_o claim_v and_o challenge_v descent_n from_o famous_a personage_n imply_v in_o some_o sort_n a_o love_n of_o virtue_n as_o for_o myself_o i_o willing_o acknowledge_v with_o varro_n the_o best_a learned_a of_o all_o roman_n 4._o such_o original_n as_o these_o fetch_v from_o the_o god_n to_o be_v profitable_a that_o valorous_a man_n may_v believe_v although_o untrue_o that_o they_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o god_n and_o thereby_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n assure_o persuade_v of_o some_o divine_a race_n may_v presume_v to_o enterprise_v great_a matter_n more_o bold_o act_v the_o same_o more_o resolute_o and_o upon_o the_o very_a security_n thereof_o perform_v all_o more_o happy_o by_o which_o word_n nevertheless_o s._n augustine_n gather_v that_o the_o say_v most_o learned_a varro_n confess_v although_o not_o stout_o nor_o confident_o yet_o covert_o that_o these_o opinion_n be_v altogether_o truthless_a forasmuch_o then_o as_o all_o writer_n be_v not_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o mind_n as_o touch_v the_o very_a name_n and_o the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o britain_n and_o i_o fear_v i_o great_o that_o no_o man_n be_v able_a to_o fetch_v out_o the_o truth_n so_o deep_o plunge_v within_o the_o wind_a revolution_n of_o so_o many_o age_n let_v the_o reader_n of_o his_o candour_n and_o humanity_n pardon_v i_o also_o among_o other_o if_o modest_o and_o without_o the_o prejudice_n of_o any_o man_n i_o likewise_o interpose_v my_o conjecture_n not_o upon_o any_o mind_n i_o have_v contentious_o to_o wrangle_v be_v that_o far_o from_o i_o but_o in_o my_o desire_n to_o search_v out_o the_o truth_n which_o have_v whole_o possess_v i_o and_o bring_v to_o this_o point_n that_o in_o the_o question_n now_o in_o hand_n i_o have_v rather_o ask_v forgiveness_n for_o my_o fault_n if_o there_o be_v any_o than_o commit_v no_o fault_n at_o all_o howbeit_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o name_n may_v if_o it_o be_v possible_a more_o easy_o and_o with_o better_a success_n appear_v i_o will_v endeavour_v first_o as_o i_o may_v to_o find_v out_o the_o most_o ancient_a inhabitor_n of_o the_o island_n albeit_o they_o lie_v so_o hide_v in_o the_o utmost_a nook_n and_o secret_a close_a of_o antiquity_n as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o most_o thick_a wood_n where_o no_o pathwaies_o be_v to_o be_v see_v that_o very_o small_a hope_n there_o be_v or_o none_o at_o all_o to_o fetch_v those_o thing_n back_o again_o with_o all_o my_o diligence_n which_o oblivion_n have_v so_o long_o remove_v out_o of_o the_o sight_n of_o our_o ancestor_n but_o to_o seek_v for_o this_o matter_n far_o off_o and_o to_o omit_v caesar_n with_o diodorus_n and_o other_o who_o will_v have_v the_o britan_n to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d bear_v of_o themselves_o in_o the_o very_a land_n and_o mere_a 〈◊〉_d aborigines_n that_o be_v homeling_n and_o not_o foreign_a bring_v in_o who_o also_o imagine_v that_o man_n in_o the_o beginning_n spring_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n like_v unto_o mushroom_n and_o todstoole_n we_o be_v teach_v out_o of_o the_o sacred_a history_n pen_v by_o moses_n that_o after_o the_o deluge_n sem_fw-mi cham_fw-mi and_o japhet_n the_o three_o son_n of_o no_n have_v multiply_v their_o issue_n in_o great_a number_n depart_v asunder_o from_o the_o mountain_n of_o armenia_n where_o the_o ark_n have_v rest_v into_o divers_a part_n and_o quarter_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o propagate_v the_o nation_n throughout_o the_o wide_a world_n that_o some_o of_o their_o posterity_n come_v to_o this_o isle_n after_o the_o family_n be_v by_o little_a and_o little_o spread_v and_o disperse_v abroad_o both_o reason_n itself_o and_o also_o the_o authority_n of_o theophilus_n antiochenus_fw-la do_v joint_o prove_v when_o as_o say_v he_o in_o old_a time_n there_o be_v few_o man_n in_o arabia_n and_o chaldaea_n after_o the_o division_n of_o tongue_n they_o increase_v and_o multiply_v more_o and_o more_o hereupon_o some_o depart_v towards_o the_o east_n some_o get_v they_o to_o the_o spacious_a and_o open_a main-land_n other_o go_v forward_a into_o the_o north_n seek_v there_o to_o seat_n themselves_o neither_o give_v they_o over_o to_o possess_v ground_n every_o where_o until_o they_o come_v as_o far_o as_o to_o britain_n situate_a in_o the_o northern_a climate_n and_o moses_n himself_o express_o show_v the_o same_o writing_z that_o the_o island_n of_o the_o gentile_n be_v by_o the_o posterity_n of_o japhet_n divide_v in_o their_o region_n the_o island_n of_o nation_n gentile_n the_o divine_n call_v those_o which_o lie_v far_a off_o and_o wolfgangus_n musculus_fw-la a_o theologer_n not_o of_o the_o low_a rank_n think_v that_o the_o nation_n and_o family_n which_o come_v from_o japhet_n first_o inhabit_v the_o isle_n of_o europe_n such_o as_o say_v he_o be_v england_n 2._o sicily_n etc._n etc._n now_o that_o europe_n fall_v unto_o japet_n and_o his_o progeny_n not_o divine_v only_o but_o josephus_n also_o and_o other_o have_v record_v for_o isidorus_n out_o of_o a_o ancient_a writer_n cit_v this_o the_o nation_n descend_v of_o japhet_n possess_v from_o the_o mountain_n taurus_n northward_o the_o one_o half_a of_o asia_n and_o all_o europe_n so_o far_o as_o to_o the_o british_a ocean_n leave_v name_n both_o to_o place_n and_o people_n both_o of_o which_o very_o many_o afterward_o become_v change_v the_o rest_n remain_v as_o they_o be_v and_o we_o have_v see_v that_o blessing_n of_o no_n god_n enlarge_v japhet_n 9_o and_o let_v he_o dwell_v in_o the_o tent_n of_o sem_fw-mi and_o let_v chanaan_n be_v his_o servant_n fulfil_v in_o the_o people_n of_o europe_n for_o europe_n which_o as_o pliny_n say_v breed_v up_o a_o people_n conqueror_n of_o all_o nation_n have_v triumph_v more_o than_o once_o over_o those_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n which_o fall_v unto_o sem_fw-mi and_o cham_fw-mi and_o in_o this_o part_n have_v the_o offspring_n of_o japhet_n spread_v itself_o far_o and_o wide_o for_o of_o his_o son_n magog_n beget_v the_o massaget_n javan_n the_o jones_n thubal_n the_o spaniard_n and_o mesech_n the_o moschovit_n but_o gomer_n his_o elder_a son_n in_o these_o far_a and_o remote_a border_n of_o europe_n give_v both_o beginning_n and_o name_n to_o the_o gomerian_o etc._n which_o be_v after_o call_v cimbrian_o and_o cimmerian_n for_o the_o name_n of_o cimbrian_o or_o cimmerian_n fill_v in_o some_o sort_n this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o not_o only_o in_o germany_n but_o also_o in_o gaul_n spread_v exceed_v much_o they_o which_o now_o be_v the_o gaul_n be_v as_o josephus_n and_o zonaras_n write_v call_v of_o gomer_n gomari_fw-la
disburden_v themselves_o so_o long_o until_o the_o universal_a world_n be_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o creator_n replenish_v with_o inhabitant_n every_o where_o we_o ought_v therefore_o to_o be_v persuade_v that_o the_o ancient_a gomerian_o of_o gaul_n now_o france_n either_o chase_a away_o by_o the_o pursuit_n of_o other_o or_o cast_v out_o for_o lessen_v of_o the_o multitude_n or_o else_o inflame_v with_o a_o desire_n to_o travel_v and_o see_v far_a country_n a_o thing_n natural_o inbred_a in_o man_n cross_v the_o sea_n and_o come_v over_o first_o into_o this_o isle_n which_o from_o the_o continent_n they_o be_v able_a to_o ken_v and_o it_o stand_v to_o very_o good_a reason_n also_o that_o every_o country_n receive_v the_o first_o inhabitant_n from_o place_n near_o border_v rather_o than_o from_o such_o as_o be_v most_o disjoin_v for_o who_o will_v not_o think_v that_o cyprus_n have_v the_o first_o inhabitor_n out_o of_o asia_n next_o unto_o it_o candie_n crete_n and_o sicily_n out_o of_o greece_n neereby_o and_o corsica_n out_o of_o italy_n a_o neighbour_n country_n and_o not_o to_o go_v far_o zealand_n out_o of_o germany_n the_o near_a unto_o it_o as_o also_o island_n out_o of_o norway_n rather_o than_o from_o the_o remote_a tract_n of_o tartary_n and_o barbary_n mauritania_n in_o like_a manner_n why_o shall_v not_o we_o think_v that_o out_o britain_n be_v inhabit_v at_o first_o by_o the_o gaul_n their_o neighbour_n rather_o than_o either_o by_o the_o trojan_n or_o italian_n the_o alabâ—s_n and_o brutian_o so_o far_o distant_a and_o remove_v neither_o do_v writer_n fetch_v the_o original_n and_o infancy_n as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o britain_n be_v from_o any_o other_o place_n than_o their_o neighbour_n country_n gaul_n the_o inner_a part_n of_o britain_n say_v caesar_n be_v inhabit_v of_o they_o who_o they_o themselves_o report_v out_o of_o their_o record_n to_o have_v be_v bear_v in_o the_o island_n the_o sea_n coast_n of_o those_o who_o upon_o purpose_n to_o make_v war_n have_v pass_v thither_o out_o of_o cleve_n belgium_n in_o gaul_n who_o all_o in_o manner_n carry_v the_o name_n of_o those_o city_n and_o state_n out_o of_o which_o they_o come_v thither_o and_o after_o they_o have_v war_v there_o remain_v for_o there_o be_v in_o britain_n like_v as_o also_o in_o gaul_n people_n name_v belgae_n atrebatii_n parisi_n cenomanni_n etc._n etc._n semblable_o tacitus_n generally_n quoth_v he_o if_o a_o man_n consider_v all_o circumstance_n it_o be_v most_o likely_a that_o the_o gaul_n be_v neighbour_n people_v the_o land_n of_o britain_n next_o unto_o they_o yea_o and_o beda_n one_o that_o among_o all_o our_o writer_n favour_v the_o truth_n at_o the_o first_o say_v he_o this_o island_n have_v those_o britain_n only_a to_o inhabit_v it_o from_o who_o also_o it_o take_v the_o name_n who_o by_o report_n have_v sail_v out_o from_o the_o tract_n of_o armorica_n into_o britain_n challenge_v unto_o themselves_o the_o south_n coast_v thereof_o now_o he_o call_v the_o tract_n of_o armorica_n the_o sea_n coast_v of_o france_n gaul_n opposite_a unto_o our_o island_n this_o also_o seem_v to_o make_v for_o our_o purpose_n that_o caesar_n report_v how_o divitiacus_n the_o gaul_n even_o in_o his_o remembrance_n hold_v a_o good_a part_n both_o of_o gaul_n and_o also_o of_o britanny_n under_o his_o government_n gaul_n as_o also_o that_o which_o be_v of_o great_a moment_n pliny_n among_o the_o maritime_a people_n just_o over_o against_o britain_n near_o unto_o the_o county_n of_o bullen_n reckon_v the_o briannos_fw-la britain_n like_v as_o dionysius_n after_o a_o more_o ancient_a writer_n than_o he_o in_o these_o verse_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d word_n for_o word_n thus_o and_o very_o that_o utmost_a point_n and_o angle_v of_o this_o europe_n part_n inhabit_v the_o iberian_o people_n of_o haughty_a heart_n near_o gebraltar_n at_o hercules_n his_o pillar_n call_v of_o old_a turn_v up_o the_o main_a in_o length_n what_o way_n the_o current_a cold_a of_o northern_a ocean_n with_o strong_a tide_n do_v interflow_v and_o swell_v where_o britain_n and_o those_o fair_a white_a folk_n the_o martial_a german_n dwell_v for_o these_o word_n where_o britain_n be_v seem_v to_o have_v respect_n unto_o those_o other_o turn_v upon_o the_o main_a in_o length_n and_o eustathius_n who_o do_v set_v forth_o his_o commentary_n upon_o this_o author_n understand_v it_o of_o the_o briton_n in_o gaul_n in_o these_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v and_o of_o these_o briton_n the_o isle_n of_o britain_n over_o against_o they_o take_v their_o denomination_n howbeit_o avienus_n and_o stephen_n in_o his_o book_n of_o city_n religion_n be_v of_o a_o contrary_a mind_n moreover_o the_o same_o religion_n be_v of_o both_o people_n observe_v among_o the_o britain_n say_v tacitus_n there_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o their_o ceremony_n and_o superstitious_a persuasion_n a_o apparent_a conformity_n with_o the_o gaul_n the_o gaul_n quoth_v solinus_n after_o a_o detestable_a manner_n of_o sacred_a rite_n not_o to_o the_o honour_n but_o rather_o to_o the_o injury_n of_o religion_n offer_v man_n flesh_n in_o their_o sacrifice_n that_o the_o britain_n do_v the_o very_a same_o dio_fw-mi cassius_n beside_o other_o report_v in_o his_o nero._n both_o nation_n also_o have_v their_o druidae_n as_o caesar_n and_o tacitus_n very_o sufficient_a writer_n do_v witness_v concern_v which_o druidae_n let_v not_o the_o reader_n think_v much_o to_o run_v over_o this_o whole_a passage_n out_o of_o caesar._n druidae_n the_o druidae_n be_v present_a at_o all_o divine_a service_n the_o overseer_n they_o be_v of_o public_a and_o private_a sacrifice_n the_o interpreter_n also_o of_o their_o religious_a rite_n and_o ceremony_n to_o these_o a_o great_a number_n of_o young_a man_n do_v flock_n for_o to_o be_v teach_v and_o those_o do_v they_o high_o esteem_v and_o honour_n for_o light_o they_o decide_v and_o determine_v all_o controversy_n as_o well_o public_a as_o private_a and_o in_o case_n any_o heinous_a fact_n be_v commit_v if_o there_o be_v a_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n if_o variance_n arise_v about_o inheritance_n if_o strife_n about_o the_o bound_n of_o land_n they_o in_o their_o discretion_n judge_v of_o the_o matter_n they_o appoint_v reward_n they_o award_v penalty_n and_o punishment_n if_o any_o either_o private_a person_n or_o body_n politic_a stand_v not_o to_o their_o decree_n they_o put_v they_o by_o all_o sacrifice_n as_o excommunicate_v and_o this_o among_o they_o be_v the_o most_o grievous_a punishment_n they_o that_o be_v thus_o interdict_v be_v reckon_v as_o godless_a and_o most_o wicked_a person_n all_o man_n decline_v from_o they_o they_o avoid_v both_o meeting_n and_o talk_v with_o they_o for_o fear_n of_o take_v harm_n by_o contagion_n from_o they_o neither_o have_v they_o the_o benefit_n of_o law_n though_o they_o request_v it_o nor_o be_v capable_a of_o any_o office_n though_o they_o sue_v for_o it_o moreover_o of_o all_o these_o druid_n there_o be_v one_o precedent_n who_o have_v the_o great_a authority_n among_o they_o when_o he_o be_v dead_a look_v who_o excel_v the_o rest_n in_o worth_n and_o dignity_n he_o succee_v he_o but_o if_o there_o be_v many_o of_o equal_a estimation_n choose_v there_o be_v one_o by_o the_o voice_n of_o the_o druid_n sometime_o also_o they_o fall_v together_o by_o the_o ear_n and_o take_v arm_n about_o this_o place_n of_o precedency_n these_o druid_n at_o one_o certain_a time_n of_o the_o year_n hold_v a_o solemn_a session_n within_o a_o consecrate_a place_n in_o the_o march_n of_o the_o chartres_n carnutes_n a_o country_n hold_v to_o be_v the_o middle_n of_o all_o france_n hither_o resort_v as_o unto_o the_o term_n from_o all_o part_n as_o many_o as_o have_v any_o controversy_n or_o suit_n in_o law_n and_o to_o their_o judgement_n and_o decree_n they_o yield_v obedience_n their_o learning_n and_o profession_n be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v first_o find_v and_o devise_v in_o britain_n and_o so_o from_o thence_o translate_v into_o france_n and_o now_o also_o in_o these_o day_n they_o that_o desire_v more_o exact_a knowledge_n thereof_o britain_n go_v thither_o for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o be_v instruct_v therein_o the_o druid_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v free_v from_o warfare_n neither_o with_o the_o rest_n pay_v they_o tribute_n immunity_n they_o have_v in_o exemption_n as_o from_o war-service_n so_o from_o all_o other_o charge_n whatsoever_o thus_o many_o there_o be_v who_o be_v excite_v with_o so_o great_a reward_n and_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n meet_v together_o at_o school_n for_o to_o learn_v and_o be_v thither_o send_v by_o their_o kinsfolk_n friend_n and_o parent_n there_o by_o report_n they_o learn_v by_o rote_n a_o great_a number_n
the_o manner_n be_v of_o slave_n during_o the_o saturnalia_fw-la to_o celebrate_v that_o festival_n time_n in_o the_o habit_n of_o their_o master_n and_o so_o present_o with_o willing_a heart_n follow_v plautius_n the_o force_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n for_o fear_v lest_o if_o they_o arrive_v all_o in_o one_o place_n they_o may_v be_v put_v by_o their_o land_n carry_v back_o by_o a_o gale_n of_o wind_n find_v some_o trouble_n in_o their_o passage_n yet_o take_v heart_n again_o because_o as_o they_o sail_v along_o there_o be_v see_v a_o fire-drake_n in_o the_o element_n shoot_v from_o the_o east_n the_o west_n they_o be_v convey_v over_o into_o the_o island_n and_o no_o man_n stop_v they_o for_o the_o britan_n suppose_v verily_a in_o regard_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o i_o have_v relate_v that_o they_o will_v not_o come_v have_v not_o assemble_v themselves_o and_o therefore_o without_o any_o conflict_n they_o lay_v hide_v within_o bog_n marsh_n and_o wood_n in_o hope_n by_o linger_a delay_n to_o weary_a the_o roman_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v force_v without_o any_o service_n exploit_v to_o retire_v hence_o like_a as_o it_o have_v befall_v unto_o julius_n caesar._n wherefore_o plautius_n take_v great_a pain_n in_o seek_v of_o they_o out_o after_o he_o have_v find_v they_o now_o they_o be_v not_o free_a state_n but_o rule_v under_o divers_a king_n first_o he_o discomfit_v caractacus_n afterward_o togodumnus_n the_o son_n of_o cunobellinus_n for_o their_o father_n be_v decease_v when_o these_o be_v flee_v part_n of_o the_o oâ—fordshire_n bodunni_n who_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o hartfordshire_n catuellani_n he_o receive_v into_o his_o protection_n and_o have_v leave_v a_o garrison_n there_o he_o go_v forward_o to_o a_o certain_a river_n but_o because_o the_o britan_n thought_n the_o roman_n can_v not_o possible_o pass_v over_o without_o a_o bridge_n they_o lay_v encamp_v more_o careless_o on_o the_o far_a side_n thereof_o plautius_n therefore_o set_v the_o german_n who_o be_v wont_a to_o wade_v through_o the_o most_o swift_a and_o violent_a river_n even_o in_o their_o very_a armour_n these_o come_n upon_o the_o enemy_n at_o unaware_o hurt_v not_o a_o man_n of_o they_o but_o wound_v the_o horse_n only_o that_o draw_v their_o chariot_n who_o when_o they_o be_v trouble_v and_o disorder_v the_o man_n be_v not_o able_a to_o sit_v they_o then_o send_v he_o flavus_n vespasianus_n who_o afterward_o become_v emperor_n and_o his_o brother_n sabinus_n with_o he_o as_o lieutenant_n who_o likewise_o have_v pass_v over_o the_o river_n surprise_v very_o many_o of_o the_o barbarian_n and_o slay_v they_o neither_o flee_v the_o rest_n away_o but_o the_o morrow_n after_o join_a battle_n wherein_o the_o victory_n remain_v doubtful_a until_o such_o time_n as_o c._n sidius_fw-la geta_n at_o the_o very_a point_n to_o have_v be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o the_o enemy_n vanquish_v they_o so_o as_o that_o for_o his_o good_a service_n triumphal_a honour_n be_v grant_v unto_o he_o although_o he_o have_v not_o be_v consul_n from_o thence_o the_o barbarian_n retire_v themselves_o to_o the_o river_n thames_n where_o it_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o with_o the_o flow_v thereof_o rise_v high_a this_o river_n they_o soon_o pass_v over_o as_o be_v skilful_a of_o such_o place_n as_o will_v afford_v they_o firm_a footing_n and_o be_v passable_a ford_n and_o the_o roman_n in_o pursue_v they_o be_v in_o danger_n soon_o after_o when_o the_o german_n have_v swim_v over_o a_o second_o time_n while_o some_o of_o they_o pass_v over_o at_o a_o bridge_n high_a up_o the_o river_n environ_v the_o barbarian_n on_o every_o side_n they_o make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o they_o but_o when_o unadvised_o they_o follow_v after_o the_o rest_n they_o fall_v upon_o blind_a bog_n and_o lose_v many_o of_o their_o man_n hereupon_o and_o for_o that_o the_o britan_n by_o occasion_n of_o togodumnus_n his_o death_n abate_v not_o their_o courage_n one_o whit_n but_o rather_o prepare_v themselves_o to_o fight_v the_o more_o fierce_o in_o revenge_n of_o his_o death_n plautius_n for_o fear_n go_v no_o far_o but_o set_v a_o guard_n to_o keep_v what_o he_o have_v get_v send_v for_o claudius_n have_v a_o warrant_n and_o commandment_n so_o to_o do_v in_o case_n he_o be_v overlay_v with_o any_o extraordinary_a violence_n for_o which_o expedition_n among_o much_o other_o equipage_n elephant_n elephant_n also_o be_v get_v together_o and_o prepare_v claudius_n advertise_v of_o these_o news_n commit_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o city_n and_o the_o soldier_n likewise_o to_o the_o charge_n of_o vitellius_n upon_o who_o as_o also_o upon_o himself_o he_o have_v confer_v a_o consulship_n for_o six_o month_n then_o go_v he_o down_o in_o person_n by_o water_n from_o rome_n to_o ostra_n and_o so_o from_o thence_o sail_v to_o marshil_n and_o travel_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o way_n partly_o by_o land_n and_o partly_o by_o sea_n come_v to_o the_o ocean_n embark_v cross_v the_o channel_n into_o britain_n and_o go_v direct_o forward_o to_o his_o force_n expect_v he_o by_o the_o thames_n side_n when_o he_o have_v receive_v they_o into_o his_o own_o charge_n and_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n he_o fight_v a_o set_a battle_n with_o the_o barbarian_n assemble_v against_o his_o come_n and_o obtain_v victory_n then_o take_v he_o in_o madon_n camalodunum_n the_o royal_a seat_n of_o cunobellinus_n and_o many_o thence_o he_o drive_v other_o upon_o their_o yield_a he_o take_v to_o mercy_n for_o these_o act_n perform_v divers_a time_n he_o be_v style_v imperator_n a_o thing_n direct_o against_o the_o roman_n custom_n for_o lawful_a it_o be_v not_o in_o one_o war_n to_o assume_v that_o name_n often_o than_o once_o furthermore_o claudius_n disarm_v the_o britan_n and_o commit_v as_o well_v they_o to_o be_v govern_v as_o the_o rest_n to_o be_v subdue_v unto_o plautius_n himself_o make_v speed_n to_o rome_n send_v before_o he_o pompeius_n and_o silanus_n his_o daughter_n son_n in_o law_n with_o tiding_n of_o this_o victory_n thus_o much_o dio._n howbeit_o suetonius_n report_v that_o part_n of_o the_o island_n he_o take_v into_o his_o hand_n upon_o submission_n without_o any_o battle_n or_o bloodshed_n sixteen_o day_n or_o thereabouts_o himself_o stay_v in_o britain_n in_o which_o time_n he_o remit_v unto_o the_o gentry_n and_o nobility_n of_o the_o britan_n the_o confiscation_n of_o their_o good_n for_o which_o benefit_n of_o he_o they_o frequent_v his_o temple_n and_o adore_v he_o as_o a_o god_n thus_o return_v he_o to_o rome_n in_o the_o six_o month_n after_o that_o he_o go_v forth_o from_o thence_o so_o great_a a_o matter_n it_o be_v and_o of_o such_o consequence_n to_o have_v conquer_v even_o so_o small_a a_o parcel_n of_o britain_n that_o the_o senate_n thereupon_o decree_v in_o the_o honour_n of_o claudius_n yearly_a game_n triumphal_a arch_n both_o in_o rome_n and_o also_o at_o bologne_n gessoriacum_n in_o gaul_n and_o a_o most_o honourable_a and_o stately_a triumph_n to_o the_o behold_v whereof_o the_o governor_n of_o province_n also_o yea_o and_o certain_a banish_a person_n be_v permit_v to_o come_v into_o rome_n a_o naval_a coronet_n be_v fix_v upon_o the_o looure_n of_o the_o palace_n pliny_n as_o it_o be_v the_o ensign_n of_o the_o british_a sea_n subdue_v by_o he_o the_o province_n bring_v in_o crown_n of_o gold_n and_o france_n gallia_n comata_fw-la one_o above_o the_o rest_n weigh_v 9_o pound_n and_o the_o hither_o part_n of_o spain_n another_o of_o 7._o pound_n weight_n he_o mount_v up_o into_o the_o capitol_n by_o the_o stair_n on_o his_o knee_n support_v and_o heave_v up_o by_o his_o son_n in_o law_n on_o either_o side_n he_o enter_v in_o triumph_v wise_a the_o gulf_n adriaticke_a sea_n embark_v in_o a_o vessel_n more_o like_a to_o some_o exceed_a great_a house_n than_o a_o ship_n unto_o his_o wife_n messalina_n be_v allow_v by_o the_o senate_n the_o high_a place_n to_o sit_v in_o as_o also_o to_o ride_v in_o a_o caroche_n or_o hang_v coach_n after_o this_o he_o set_v forth_o triumphal_a play_n and_o game_n have_v take_v upon_o he_o for_o that_o purpose_n the_o consular_a office_n and_o authority_n the_o solemnity_n be_v exhibit_v at_o once_o in_o two_o theatre_n and_o many_o time_n when_o he_o be_v go_v aside_o from_o the_o sight_n other_o have_v the_o charge_n thereof_o horse_n run_n for_o the_o prize_n he_o promise_v as_o many_o as_o those_o day_n will_v admit_v howbeit_o above_o ten_o there_o be_v not_o for_o between_o every_o course_n of_o horse_n bear_n be_v kill_v champion_n perform_v their_o devoirs_fw-fr and_o choice_n boy_n send_v for_o out_o of_o asia_n dance_v the_o warlike_a dance_n in_o armour_n moreover_o upon_o valerius_n asiaticus_n julius_n silanus_n sidius_fw-la geta_n and_o other_o in_o regard_n of_o this_o conquest_n he_o heap_v triumphal_a
the_o arian_n their_o heresy_n creep_v into_o britain_n arius_n wherein_o from_o the_o first_o year_n of_o the_o great_a constantine_n a_o sweet_a consent_n and_o harmony_n of_o christ_n the_o head_n and_o his_o member_n have_v continue_v until_o such_o time_n as_o that_o deadly_a and_o perfidious_a arianism_n gildas_n like_v to_o a_o pestiferous_a serpent_n from_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o sea_n cast_v up_o her_o venom_n upon_o we_o cause_v brethren_n dwell_v together_o to_o be_v disjoined_n piteous_o one_o from_o another_o and_o thus_o the_o way_n as_o it_o be_v be_v make_v over_o the_o ocean_n all_o other_o cruel_a and_o fell_a beast_n wheresoever_o shake_v out_o of_o their_o horrible_a mouth_n the_o mortiferous_a poison_n of_o every_o heresy_n inflict_v the_o deadly_a sting_n and_o wound_n of_o their_o tooth_n upon_o this_o our_o country_n desirous_a evermore_o to_o hear_v some_o novelty_n but_o hold_v nought_o at_o all_o steadfast_o in_o favour_n of_o these_o arian_n severus_n constantius_n summon_v four_o hundred_o bishop_n of_o the_o west_n church_n to_o ariminum_n for_o who_o the_o emperor_n by_o his_o commandment_n allow_v corn_n and_o victual_n bishop_n but_o that_o be_v think_v of_o the_o aquitane_n french_a and_o britain_n a_o unseemly_a thing_n refuse_v therefore_o that_o allowance_n out_o of_o the_o emperor_n coffer_n they_o choose_v rather_o to_o live_v at_o their_o own_o proper_a charge_n three_o only_o out_o of_o britain_n for_o want_n of_o their_o own_o have_v maintenance_n from_o the_o state_n refuse_v the_o contribution_n offer_v unto_o they_o from_o the_o rest_n repute_v it_o more_o safe_a and_o void_a of_o corruption_n to_o charge_v the_o common_a treasure_n than_o the_o private_a state_n of_o any_o person_n after_o this_o when_o constantius_n be_v depart_v this_o world_n julianus_n that_o apostata_fw-la who_o have_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o augustus_n against_o constantius_n first_o drive_v out_o palladius_n who_o have_v be_v master_n of_o office_n into_o britain_n and_o send_v away_o alphius_n who_o have_v govern_v britan_n as_o deputy_n lieutenant_n marcellinus_n to_o re-edify_v jerusalem_n but_o fearful_a round_a ball_n of_o flame_a fire_n break_v forth_o near_o unto_o the_o foundation_n skar_v he_o from_o that_o enterprise_n and_o many_o a_o thousand_o of_o jew_n who_o wrestle_v in_o vain_a against_o the_o decree_n of_o god_n be_v overwhelm_v with_o the_o ruin_n this_o dissolute_a emperor_n augustus_n and_o in_o his_o beard_n only_o a_o philosopher_n fear_v as_o have_v erewhile_o be_v say_v to_o come_v and_o aid_v the_o poor_a distress_a britan_n and_o yet_o from_o hence_o he_o carry_v out_o every_o year_n great_a store_n of_o corn_n to_o maintain_v the_o roman_a garrison_n in_o germany_n when_o valentinian_n the_o emperor_n steer_v the_o helm_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n emperor_n what_o time_n as_o through_o the_o whole_a world_n the_o trumpet_n resound_v nothing_o but_o the_o warlike_a al_n arm_v the_o pict_n saxon_n scot_n and_o attacot_n vex_v the_o britan_n with_o continual_a trouble_n and_o annoyance_n fraomarius_n then_o king_n of_o the_o almains_n be_v translate_v hither_o and_o by_o commission_n make_v tribune_n or_o marshal_n over_o a_o band_n of_o the_o almains_n for_o number_n and_o power_n in_o those_o day_n high_o renown_v 28._o to_o repress_v the_o incursion_n of_o those_o barbarous_a nation_n nevertheless_o britain_n be_v through_o the_o general_a conspiracy_n of_o those_o barbarian_n afflict_v and_o bring_v to_o extreme_a distress_n nectaridius_n come_v or_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o maritime_a tract_n slay_v and_o bucholbaudes_n the_o general_n by_o a_o ambush_n of_o the_o enemy_n circumvent_v the_o intelligence_n of_o which_o occurrence_n when_o it_o be_v bring_v unto_o rome_n with_o great_a horror_n the_o emperor_n send_v severus_n be_v even_o then_o lord_n high_a steward_n of_o his_o household_n to_o redress_v what_o be_v do_v amiss_o in_o case_n his_o hap_n have_v be_v to_o have_v see_v the_o wish_a end_n who_o be_v within_o a_o while_n after_o call_v away_o jovinius_fw-la go_v to_o the_o same_o part_n corrupt_v send_v back_o proventuside_v in_o post_n mind_v to_o crave_v the_o puissant_a help_n of_o a_o army_n for_o they_o avouch_v than_o the_o urgent_a necessary_a occasion_n require_v so_o much_o at_o the_o last_o so_o many_o and_o so_o fearful_a calamity_n be_v by_o daily_a rumour_n report_v as_o touch_v the_o same_o island_n that_o theodosius_n be_v elect_v and_o appoint_v to_o make_v speed_n thither_o theodosius_n a_o man_n of_o approve_a skill_n in_o warlike_a affair_n most_o fortunatelie_o achieve_v who_o have_v levy_v and_o get_v unto_o he_o a_o courageous_a company_n of_o young_a gallant_n to_o furnish_v as_o well_o legion_n as_o cohort_n put_v himself_o in_o his_o journey_n with_o a_o brave_a show_n of_o confidence_n lead_v the_o way_n attacot_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o pict_n divide_v into_o two_o nation_n the_o dicalidones_n and_o vecturiones_n the_o attacot_n likewise_o a_o warlike_a people_n and_o the_o scot_n range_v in_o divers_a part_n do_v much_o mischief_n where_o they_o go_v as_o for_o the_o cohort_n of_o gaul_n the_o frankner_n and_o saxon_n confine_v upon_o they_o break_v out_o and_o make_v road_n where_o ever_o they_o can_v either_o by_o land_n or_o sea_n and_o what_o with_o drive_v booty_n with_o fire_v town_n and_o kill_v poor_a captive_n make_v foul_a work_n there_o to_o stay_v these_o woeful_a misery_n if_o prosperous_a fortune_n will_v have_v give_v leave_n this_o most_o vigorous_a and_o valiant_a captain_n intend_v a_o voyage_n to_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o the_o earth_n when_o he_o be_v come_v to_o the_o sea_n side_n at_o boulogne_n which_o lie_v divide_v from_o the_o opposite_a tract_n of_o land_n by_o a_o narrow_a sleeve_n strait_a ebb_a and_o flow_v where_o the_o water_n be_v wont_a to_o swell_v on_o high_a with_o terrible_a tide_n and_o again_o to_o fall_v down_o flat_a and_o lie_n like_o even_a plain_n without_o any_o harm_n of_o sailer_n or_o passenger_n richborow_n from_o thence_o have_v sail_v and_o leisurely_o cross_v the_o say_a sea_n he_o arrive_v as_o rhutupiae_n a_o quiet_a road_n and_o harbour_n over_o against_o it_o from_o whence_o after_o that_o the_o batavian_o heruli_n jovij_fw-la and_o victores_fw-la company_n confident_a of_o their_o strength_n and_o power_n who_o follow_v be_v come_v he_o depart_v and_o march_v towards_o london_n a_o old_a town_n augusta_n which_o the_o posterity_n call_v augusta_n having_z divide_v his_o troop_n into_o sundry_a part_n he_o set_v upon_o those_o company_n of_o rove_a and_o rob_v enemy_n even_o when_o they_o be_v heavy_a load_v with_o booty_n and_o pillage_n and_o have_v quick_o discomfit_v those_o that_o drive_v before_o they_o their_o prisoner_n bind_v and_o cattle_n he_o force_v they_o to_o forgo_v the_o prey_n which_o the_o most_o miserable_a tributary_n have_v lose_v in_o the_o end_n after_o full_a restitution_n make_v of_o all_o save_v only_o some_o small_a parcel_n bestow_v upon_o his_o weary_a soldier_n he_o enter_v most_o joyful_o into_o the_o city_n over_o set_v before_o with_o distress_n and_o calamity_n but_o now_o sudden_o refresh_v so_o far_o forth_o as_o hope_v of_o recovery_n and_o safety_n may_v effect_v and_o there_o be_v raise_v up_o with_o this_o lucky_a hand_n to_o adventure_v great_a exploit_n and_o yet_o cast_v with_o himself_o project_n promise_a security_n he_o stay_v doubtful_a of_o the_o future_a event_n as_o have_v learn_v by_o the_o information_n of_o revolt_a fugitive_n and_o confession_n of_o captive_n that_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n of_o sundry_a nation_n and_o a_o stiffnecked_a people_n of_o so_o fell_a and_o fierce_a a_o disposition_n can_v not_o possible_o be_v vanquish_v but_o by_o secret_a wile_n and_o sudden_a excursion_n final_o after_o proclamation_n publish_v and_o promise_v make_v of_o impunity_n he_o summon_v as_o well_o the_o traitorous_a runagate_n as_o many_o other_o that_o go_v with_o free_a passport_n disperse_v sundry_a way_n to_o present_v themselves_o ready_a for_o service_n upon_o which_o summon_v give_v so_o soon_o as_o most_o of_o they_o be_v return_v he_o as_o one_o prick_v forward_o with_o so_o good_a a_o motive_n and_o yet_o hold_v back_o by_o heavy_a care_n civilis_fw-la call_v for_o civilis_n by_o name_n who_o be_v to_o rule_v britain_n as_o deputy_n to_o be_v send_v unto_o he_o a_o man_n of_o a_o very_a quick_a hasty_a nature_n but_o a_o precise_a keeper_n of_o justice_n and_o righteousness_n likewise_o for_o dulcitius_n dulcitius_n a_o redoubt_a captain_n and_o right_a skilful_a in_o feat_n of_o arm_n afterward_o have_v get_v heart_n and_o courage_n to_o he_o he_o go_v from_o augusta_n which_o in_o old_a time_n they_o call_v londinum_n well_o appoint_v with_o industrious_a and_o considerate_a soldier_n and_o so_o bring_v exceed_v great_a succour_n to_o the_o ruinate_v and_o trouble_a estate_n of_o the_o britain_n gain_v
caledonian_n advance_v and_o though_o no_o bar_n stay_v he_o but_o that_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n with_o saxon_n he_o subdue_v etc._n etc._n i_o can_v choose_v but_o with_o another_o poet_n cry_v out_o in_o this_o wise_a sit_fw-la nulla_fw-la fides_fw-la augentibus_fw-la omne_fw-la musis_fw-la these_o poet_n love_n to_o overreach_v believe_v they_o not_o when_o so_o they_o teach_v for_o caesar_n who_o be_v prodigal_a in_o his_o own_o praise_n will_v never_o have_v conceal_v these_o exploit_n if_o he_o have_v ever_o perform_v they_o but_o these_o man_n seem_v not_o unlike_a to_o those_o good_a honest_a and_o learned_a writer_n in_o our_o age_n who_o while_o they_o patch_v together_o a_o history_n of_o caesar_n write_v forsooth_o how_o he_o subdue_v the_o frank_n in_o gaul_n and_o the_o english_a man_n in_o britain_n whereas_o in_o those_o day_n the_o name_n of_o english_a and_o french_a be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o hear_v of_o either_o in_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o country_n as_o who_o many_o age_n after_o come_v into_o these_o region_n that_o the_o pictones_n of_o gaul_n pictones_n and_o our_o pict_n be_v both_o one_o nation_n i_o dare_v not_o with_o joannes_n picardus_n avouch_v see_v the_o name_n of_o the_o pictones_n in_o gaul_n be_v even_o in_o caesar_n time_n very_o riâ—e_a and_o much_o speak_v of_o and_o for_o that_o our_o pict_n be_v never_o call_v pictones_n yet_o be_o i_o not_o ignorant_a how_o in_o one_o only_a place_n of_o the_o panegyrist_n among_o all_o the_o rest_n through_o the_o negligence_n of_o the_o copier_n there_o be_v foist_v in_o pictonum_n in_o stead_n of_o pictorum_fw-la scoti_n among_o the_o people_n of_o britain_n after_o pict_n the_o scotish_n nation_n by_o good_a right_n challenge_v the_o next_o place_n concern_v who_o before_o i_o speak_v aught_o for_o fear_v lest_o evil_a willer_n &_o froward_o peevish_a shall_v calumnious_o misconstrue_v those_o allegation_n which_o i_o simple_o ingenuous_o and_o in_o all_o honest_a meaning_n shall_v here_o cite_v out_o of_o ancient_a writer_n as_o touch_v scot_n i_o must_v certify_v the_o reader_n before_o hand_n that_o every_o particular_a have_v reference_n to_o the_o old_a true_a and_o natural_a scot_n only_o who_o offspring_n be_v those_o scot_n speak_v irish_a which_o inhabit_v all_o the_o west_n part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n now_o so_o call_v and_o the_o island_n adjoin_v thereto_o and_o who_o now_o adays_o be_v term_v high-land_n man_n for_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v of_o civil_a behaviour_n and_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o east_n part_v thereof_o albeit_o they_o bear_v now_o the_o name_n of_o scottishman_n yet_o be_v they_o nothing_o less_o than_o scots_a but_o descend_v from_o the_o same_o germane_a original_n that_o we_o english_a man_n be_v and_o this_o neither_o can_v they_o choose_v but_o confess_v nor_o we_o but_o acknowledge_v be_v as_o they_o be_v team_v by_o those_o above_o say_v high-land_n man_n sassone_n as_o well_o as_o we_o and_o use_v as_o they_o do_v the_o same_o language_n with_o we_o to_o wit_n the_o english-saxon_a different_a only_o in_o dialect_n a_o most_o assure_a argument_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o original_n in_o which_o regard_n so_o far_o be_o i_o from_o work_v any_o discredit_n unto_o they_o that_o i_o have_v rather_o respective_o love_v they_o always_o as_o of_o the_o same_o blood_n and_o stock_n yea_o and_o honour_v they_o too_o even_o when_o the_o kingdom_n be_v divide_v but_o now_o much_o more_o since_o it_o have_v please_v our_o almighty_a and_o most_o merciful_a god_n that_o we_o grow_v unite_v in_o one_o body_n under_o one_o most_o sacred_a head_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o the_o joy_n happiness_n welfare_n and_o safety_n of_o both_o nation_n which_o i_o hearty_o wish_v and_o pray_v for_o the_o beginning_n and_o etymology_n of_o the_o scotish_n nation_n like_v as_o of_o other_o neighbour_n nation_n round_o about_o be_v so_o full_a of_o obscurity_n and_o lie_v overspread_n under_o the_o mist_n of_o darkness_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o even_o buchanan_n himself_o though_o otherwise_o a_o man_n of_o a_o very_a deep_a insight_n either_o have_v see_v little_a therein_o or_o see_v to_o himself_o alone_o for_o in_o this_o point_n he_o have_v come_v short_a of_o all_o man_n expectation_n whereupon_o i_o have_v forbear_v a_o long_a time_n to_o take_v this_o enterprise_n in_o hand_n lest_o with_o other_o in_o admire_a fable_n i_o shall_v full_o sweet_o please_v myself_o and_o fall_v into_o folly_n for_o a_o man_n may_v with_o as_o great_a probability_n derive_v the_o scot_n pedigree_n from_o the_o god_n as_o from_o scota_n that_o suppose_a and_o counterfeit_a daughter_n of_o the_o egyptian_a king_n pharaoh_n daughter_n wed_v forsooth_o unto_o gaithelus_n the_o son_n of_o cecrops_n founder_n of_o athens_n but_o as_o this_o conceit_n arise_v from_o the_o unskilfulnesse_n of_o antiquity_n be_v of_o the_o better_a sort_n of_o ingenuous_a scot_n reject_v so_o that_o other_o opinion_n of_o late_a day_n draw_v without_o all_o sense_n from_o a_o greek_a fountain_n that_o scot_n shall_v be_v so_o call_v as_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v obscure_a i_o utter_o disallow_v and_o condemn_v as_o a_o device_n of_o envious_a person_n to_o the_o slanderous_a reproach_n of_o a_o famous_a and_o valiant_a nation_n neither_o do_v all_o man_n like_o the_o derivation_n of_o our_o 2._o florilegus_n namely_o that_o scot_n be_v so_o call_v because_o they_o come_v of_o a_o confuse_a mingle-mangle_n of_o divers_a nation_n and_o yet_o i_o can_v but_o marvel_n whence_o isidorus_n have_v this_o the_o scot_n say_v he_o take_v their_o name_n in_o their_o own_o proper_a tongue_n of_o their_o paint_a body_n for_o that_o they_o be_v mark_v with_o sharp_a iron_n prick_v and_o ink_n and_o so_o receive_v the_o print_n of_o sundry_a shape_n which_o also_o rabanus_n maurus_n in_o the_o very_a same_o word_n doubtless_o out_o of_o he_o do_v testify_v in_o his_o geography_n to_o ludovicus_n â—ius_v the_o emperor_n which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o library_n of_o trinity_n college_n in_o oxford_n but_o see_v that_o scotland_n itself_o have_v of_o she_o own_o people_n such_o as_o may_v very_o well_o fetch_v their_o beginning_n from_o the_o inmost_a record_n of_o antiquity_n and_o thereby_o best_a of_o all_o advance_v the_o glory_n of_o their_o country_n in_o case_n they_o will_v whole_o set_v their_o mind_n and_o bestow_v their_o careful_a diligence_n for_o a_o time_n in_o this_o argument_n i_o will_v point_v only_o with_o my_o finger_n to_o the_o fountain_n from_o whence_o haply_o they_o may_v draw_v the_o truth_n and_o lay_v before_o they_o certain_a observation_n which_o i_o will_v wish_v they_o to_o mark_v and_o consider_v more_o diligent_o for_o myself_o will_v in_o this_o matter_n play_v the_o sceptic_a and_o affirm_v nothing_o and_o first_o touch_v their_o original_n and_o then_o of_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o they_o remove_v and_o come_v over_o into_o ireland_n for_o certain_o know_v it_o be_v that_o out_o of_o ireland_n a_o isle_n inhabit_v in_o old_a time_n by_o britan_n scot_n as_o shall_v in_o due_a place_n be_v prove_v they_o pass_v into_o britan_n and_o what_o time_n as_o they_o be_v first_o know_v unto_o writer_n by_o this_o name_n seated_z they_o be_v in_o ireland_n for_o claudian_n the_o poet_n have_v write_v of_o their_o eruption_n into_o britain_n in_o these_o verse_n totam_fw-la cum_fw-la scotus_n hibernem_fw-la movit_fw-la &_o infesto_fw-la spumavit_fw-la remige_fw-la thetis_n what_o time_n the_o scot_n all_o ireland_n stir_v offensive_a arm_n to_o take_v and_o with_o main_a stroke_n of_o enemy_n oar_n the_o sea_n much_o foam_n do_v make_v and_o also_o in_o another_o place_n scotorum_fw-la cumulos_fw-la flevit_fw-la glacialis_fw-la hiberne_n and_o freeze_a ireland_n heap_n of_o scot_n bewail_v with_o many_o a_o tear_n orosius_n likewise_o write_v thus_o ireland_n be_v people_v with_o scotish_n nation_n gildas_n call_v scot_n irish_a spoiler_n and_o beda_n the_o scot_n that_o inhabit_v ireland_n a_o isle_n next_o unto_o britain_n as_o also_o elsewhere_o yea_o and_o in_o the_o day_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a eginhardus_fw-la in_o express_a word_n call_v ireland_n the_o isle_n of_o scot_n moreover_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la that_o the_o scottish_a nation_n say_v he_o be_v descend_v out_o of_o ireland_n the_o affinity_n as_o well_o of_o their_o language_n as_o of_o their_o apparel_n of_o their_o weapon_n also_o and_o of_o their_o manner_n even_o to_o this_o day_n do_v sufficient_o prove_v but_o now_o to_o come_v unto_o the_o point_n which_o i_o will_v have_v the_o scot_n thorough_o to_o weigh_v for_o as_o much_o as_o they_o which_o be_v right_a and_o natural_a scot_n acknowledge_v not_o this_o name_n of_o scot_n gâ—el_n but_o otherwise_o call_v themselves_o gaoithel_n gael_n and_o albin_n see_v also_o that_o very_o many_o
it_o also_o be_v a_o parcel_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n and_o possess_v by_o the_o english-saxons_a no_o man_n gain-saieth_a and_o hereof_o it_o be_v that_o all_o they_o which_o inhabit_v the_o east_n part_n of_o scotland_n and_o be_v call_v lowland_n man_n as_o one_o will_v say_v of_o the_o lower-countrey_n be_v the_o very_a offspring_n of_o the_o english-saxons_a and_o do_v speak_v english_a but_o they_o that_o dwell_v in_o the_o west_n coast_n name_v highland_n man_n as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o upper_a country_n be_v mere_a scot_n and_o speak_v irish_a as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o and_o none_o be_v so_o deadly_a enemy_n as_o they_o be_v unto_o unto_o the_o lowland_n man_n which_o use_v the_o english_a tongue_n as_o we_o do_v ammianus_n marcellinus_n write_v that_o together_o with_o the_o scot_n attacotti_n a_o warlike_a people_n do_v much_o mischief_n unto_o britain_n and_o those_o humphrey_n lhuid_n guess_v how_o true_o i_o know_v not_o to_o have_v be_v also_o of_o the_o scotish_n nation_n attacotti_n saint_n jerome_n tell_v we_o plain_o that_o they_o be_v a_o british_a people_n for_o he_o write_v that_o when_o he_o be_v a_o very_a youth_n jovianum_fw-la while_o julian_n as_o it_o seem_v be_v emperor_n he_o see_v in_o gaul_n the_o attacot_n a_o british_a nation_n feed_v of_o man_n flesh_n who_o when_o they_o find_v in_o the_o forest_n herd_n of_o swine_n flock_n of_o neat_a and_o other_o cattle_n be_v wont_a to_o cut_v off_o the_o buttock_n of_o their_o herdsman_n and_o keeper_n the_o dug_n also_o and_o pap_n of_o the_o woman_n and_o account_v the_o same_o the_o only_a dainty_n in_o the_o world_n for_o so_o according_a to_o the_o true_a manuscript_n copy_n we_o be_v to_o read_v in_o this_o place_n attacotti_n and_o not_o scoti_n with_o erasmus_n who_o acknowledge_v this_o text_n to_o be_v corrupt_v although_o i_o must_v needs_o confess_v that_o in_o one_o manuscript_n we_o read_v attigotti_n in_o another_o catacotti_n and_o in_o a_o three_o cattiti_fw-la neither_o can_v this_o passage_n be_v any_o way_n understand_v as_o the_o vulgar_a sort_n take_v it_o of_o the_o scot_n consider_v that_o saint_n jerome_n treat_v there_o of_o the_o sundry_a order_n and_o manner_n of_o divers_a nation_n begin_v the_o next_o sentence_n follow_v in_o this_o wise_a the_o nation_n of_o the_o scot_n have_v no_o proper_a wife_n of_o their_o own_o etc._n etc._n in_o another_o place_n also_o where_o saint_n jerome_n make_v mention_n of_o the_o attacotti_n erasmus_n put_v down_o for_o they_o azoti_fw-la these_o attacoti_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o book_n call_v notitiae_fw-la serve_v under_o the_o roman_n in_o their_o war_n in_o the_o very_a decay_a and_o decline_a state_n of_o their_o empire_n for_o reckon_v there_o be_v among_o the_o palatine_a aid_n within_o gaul_n attecotti_n juniores_fw-la gallicani_n and_o attecotti_n honoriani_n seniores_fw-la also_o within_o italy_n attecotti_n honoriani_n juniores_fw-la by_o this_o addition_n honoriani_n they_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o the_o number_n of_o those_o barbarian_n who_o honorius_n the_o emperor_n entertain_v and_o to_o no_o small_a damage_n of_o the_o empire_n enroll_v as_o soldier_n to_o serve_v in_o his_o war_n among_o these_o nation_n also_o which_o make_v road_n and_o invasion_n into_o britain_n john_n caius_n a_o man_n much_o exercise_v with_o care_n and_o endeavour_n of_o the_o best_a kind_n and_o one_o who_o have_v pass_v well_o deserve_v of_o our_o commonwealth_n of_o learning_n reckon_v the_o ambrones_n ambrones_n for_o that_o he_o red_a in_o gildas_n where_o he_o write_v of_o pict_n and_o scot_n thus_o those_o former_a enemy_n like_o ambrones_n wolf_n even_o enrage_v for_o extreme_a hunger_n with_o dry_a jaw_n leap_v over_o the_o sheep-fold_n while_o the_o shepherd_n be_v out_o of_o the_o way_n be_v carry_v with_o the_o wing_n of_o oar_n and_o arm_n of_o rower_n set_v forward_o also_o with_o sail_n help_v with_o gale_n of_o wind_n break_v through_o the_o bound_n kill_v and_o slay_v all_o where_o they_o come_v this_o good_a meaning_n old_a man_n think_v of_o that_o which_o he_o have_v read_v in_o festus_n namely_o that_o the_o ambrones_n together_o with_o the_o cimbri_n flock_v by_o number_n into_o italy_n and_o be_v busy_v about_o another_o matter_n it_o be_v quite_o out_o of_o his_o head_n that_o ambro_n as_o isidorus_n note_v do_v signify_v a_o devourer_n neither_o do_v gildas_n use_v that_o word_n in_o any_o other_o sense_n nor_o geffrey_n of_o monmouth_n who_o call_v the_o saxon_n also_o ambrones_n nor_o any_o other_o ambrones_n than_o these_o can_v myself_o hitherto_o ever_o find_v in_o ancient_a writer_n to_o have_v invade_v britain_n english-saxons_a when_o as_o now_o the_o roman_a empire_n under_o valentinian_n the_o young_a do_v more_o than_o decline_v and_o britain_n be_v exhaust_v through_o so_o many_o levy_n of_o all_o able_a man_n anglo-saxon_n and_o abandon_v of_o the_o roman_a garrison_n can_v no_o long_o withstand_v the_o force_n of_o scot_n and_o pict_n vortigern_n who_o the_o britan_n have_v make_v their_o sovereign_n and_o chief_a governor_n guortigern_n or_o who_o as_o other_o think_v have_v usurp_v the_o monarchy_n to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o may_v establish_v his_o imperial_a rule_n and_o recover_v the_o state_n fall_v to_o ruin_n much_o awe_v he_o be_v say_v ninnius_n by_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n he_o stand_v in_o fear_n of_o the_o roman_n force_n and_o be_v afraid_a of_o aurelius_n ambrose_n send_v for_o the_o saxon_n out_o of_o germany_n to_o aid_v he_o who_o forthwith_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o hengist_n and_o horsa_n with_o their_o ciule_n for_o so_o they_o call_v their_o flat-boat_n or_o pinnace_n arrive_v in_o britain_n and_o after_o they_o have_v in_o one_o or_o two_o battle_n get_v the_o victory_n against_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n become_v very_o much_o renown_v and_o see_v the_o britan_n still_o rely_v upon_o their_o manhood_n and_o courage_n they_o send_v for_o great_a force_n out_o of_o germany_n which_o shall_v keep_v watch_n and_o ward_n upon_o the_o border_n and_o annoy_v the_o enemy_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n guortigern_n say_v ninnius_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o hengist_n send_v for_o octha_n and_o ebissa_n to_o come_v and_o aid_v he_o who_o be_v embark_v in_o 40._o cyule_n or_o pinnace_n and_o sail_v about_o the_o pict_n coast_v waste_v the_o isle_n call_v isle_n orcades_n yea_o and_o get_v many_o isle_n and_o country_n beyond_o the_o fresicum_fw-la frith_n as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o pict_n but_o at_o length_n after_o they_o have_v begin_v to_o fall_v in_o love_n with_o the_o land_n the_o civil_a fashion_n and_o riches_n of_o britain_n presume_v upon_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o make_v the_o default_n of_o pay_n and_o want_v of_o victual_n their_o quarrel_n they_o enter_v into_o league_n with_o the_o pict_n and_o raise_v a_o most_o bloody_a and_o mortal_a war_n against_o the_o britan_n who_o have_v give_v they_o entertainment_n they_o kill_v and_o slay_v they_o in_o every_o place_n be_v put_v in_o affright_n and_o amazedness_n aurelianus_n their_o field_n they_o harry_v their_o city_n they_o raze_v and_o after_o many_o doubtful_a event_n of_o battle_n fight_v against_o those_o two_o bulwark_n of_o war_n aurelius_n ambrose_n who_o here_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o wear_v the_o purple_a robe_n wherein_o his_o parent_n be_v kill_v and_o that_o warlike_a artery_n they_o disseise_v the_o britan_n of_o the_o more_o fruitful_a part_n of_o the_o isle_n and_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o their_o ancient_a possession_n at_o which_o time_n to_o speak_v all_o in_o a_o word_n the_o most_o miserable_a inhabitant_n suffer_v whatsoever_o either_o conqueror_n may_v dare_v or_o the_o conquer_a fear_n for_o supply_v of_o aid_n flock_v together_o daily_o out_o of_o germany_n which_o still_o shall_v renew_v war_n upon_o war_n against_o the_o weary_a britan_n to_o wit_n saxon_n jute_n for_o so_o must_v we_o read_v and_o not_o vite_n and_o angle_n who_o by_o these_o proper_a name_n be_v know_v one_o from_o another_o although_o general_o they_o be_v call_v english_a and_o saxon_n but_o let_v we_o treat_v of_o these_o in_o several_a and_o summary_o that_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a we_o may_v have_v a_o sight_n of_o our_o original_n and_o first_o cradle_n howbeit_o first_o will_v i_o add_v hereto_o that_o which_o witichindus_n be_v himself_o both_o a_o saxon_a bear_v and_o also_o a_o writer_n of_o good_a antiquity_n have_v relate_v as_o touch_v the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o saxon_n britain_n say_v he_o be_v by_o vespasian_n the_o emperor_n long_o since_o reduce_v among_o province_n and_o under_o the_o vassalage_n of_o the_o roman_n stand_v they_o in_o stead_n and_o serve_v to_o good_a use_n a_o long_a time_n become_v assail_v by_o their_o neighbour-nation_n for_o that_o it_o seem_v destitute_a and_o abandon_v
already_o into_o the_o heart_n of_o all_o nation_n in_o manner_n that_o be_v behold_v in_o one_o faith_n he_o have_v conjoin_v the_o limit_n of_o east_n and_o west_n behold_v i_o say_v the_o very_a british_a tongue_n which_o can_v nought_o else_o but_o rude_o bray_v barbarous_a word_n long_o since_o begin_v in_o the_o land_n of_o god_n to_o resound_v the_o hebrew_n allelu-jah_a and_o in_o his_o epistle_n to_o augustine_n himself_o who_o be_v able_a here_o to_o show_v sufficient_o what_o great_a joy_n be_v rise_v up_o in_o the_o heart_n of_o all_o the_o faithful_a for_o that_o the_o nation_n of_o englishman_n by_o the_o operation_n of_o god_n almighty_a his_o grace_n and_o the_o labour_n of_o your_o brotherhood_n after_o the_o darkness_n of_o error_n be_v chase_v and_o drive_v away_o be_v illuminate_v with_o the_o light_n of_o holy_a faith_n for_o that_o with_o most_o sincere_a devotion_n they_o now_o spurn_v and_o tread_v idol_n under_o their_o foot_n who_o beforetime_o in_o superstitîous_a fear_n lie_v prostrate_a before_o they_o in_o a_o old_a fragment_n also_o write_v in_o that_o age_n thus_o we_o read_v augustine_n upon_o one_o day_n of_o christ_n nativity_n which_o with_o the_o universal_a glory_n of_o the_o englishman_n be_v for_o ever_o celebrate_v do_v regenerate_v by_o lively_a baptism_n above_o ten_o thousand_o man_n beside_o a_o innumerable_a multitude_n of_o woman_n and_o young_a child_n augustine_n but_o what_o a_o number_n of_o priest_n and_o other_o holy_a order_n beside_o can_v be_v sufficient_a to_o wash_v such_o a_o sort_n of_o people_n have_v hallow_v and_o bless_v therefore_o the_o river_n call_v in_o english_a small_a the_o archbishop_n augustine_n command_v by_o the_o voice_n of_o crier_n &_o master_n that_o the_o people_n shall_v enter_v the_o river_n confident_o two_o by_o two_o and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o trinity_n baptize_v one_o another_o by_o turn_n thus_o be_v they_o all_o bear_v again_o with_o no_o less_o miracle_n than_o in_o time_n past_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n pass_v over_o the_o red_a sea_n divide_v and_o likewise_o jordan_n when_o it_o turn_v back_o for_o even_o so_o they_o be_v transport_v to_o the_o bank_n on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o notwithstanding_o so_o deep_a a_o current_n and_o channel_n so_o great_a and_o so_o divers_a difference_n of_o sex_n and_o age_n not_o one_o person_n who_o will_v ever_o think_v it_o take_v harm_n a_o great_a miracle_n no_o doubt_n but_o this_o miracle_n as_o great_a as_o it_o be_v a_o great_a preeminence_n do_v surmount_v in_o that_o all_o feebleness_n and_o infirmity_n be_v lay_v off_o in_o that_o river_n whosoever_o be_v sick_a and_o deform_v return_v out_o of_o it_o whole_a and_o reform_a o_o festival_n spectacle_n for_o angel_n and_o man_n to_o behold_v when_o so_o many_o thousand_o of_o a_o nation_n sue_v for_o grace_n come_v forth_o of_o one_o river_n channel_n as_o out_o of_o one_o mother_n womb_n and_o out_o of_o one_o pool_n so_o great_a a_o progeny_n spring_v up_o for_o the_o celestial_a and_o heavenly_a city_n hereupon_o the_o most_o gracious_a pope_n gregory_n with_o all_o the_o company_n of_o saint_n above_o break_v forth_o into_o joy_n can_v not_o conceal_v this_o but_o write_v unto_o saint_n eulogius_n the_o patriarch_n of_o alexandria_n that_o he_o will_v most_o thankful_o congratulate_v with_o he_o for_o so_o great_a a_o host_n baptize_v upon_o one_o christmas_n day_n no_o soon_o be_v the_o name_n of_o christ_n preach_v englishman_n but_o the_o english_a present_o with_o such_o fervent_a zeal_n and_o devotion_n consecrate_v themselves_o unto_o christ_n that_o they_o take_v incredible_a pain_n in_o propagate_a christianity_n in_o celebrate_v divine_a service_n perform_v all_o function_n and_o duty_n of_o piety_n build_v church_n and_o endow_v they_o with_o rich_a live_n so_o that_o there_o be_v not_o another_o region_n in_o all_o christendom_n that_o can_v make_v reckon_v of_o more_o monastery_n rich_o endow_v yea_o &_o divers_a king_n there_o be_v that_o prefer_v a_o religious_a and_o monastical_a life_n before_o their_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n so_o many_o holy_a man_n also_o this_o land_n bring_v forth_o which_o for_o their_o most_o firm_a profession_n of_o christian_a religion_n constant_a perseverance_n therein_o and_o sincere_a piety_n be_v canonize_v saint_n that_o it_o give_v place_n to_o no_o other_o christian_a province_n in_o this_o behalf_n and_o like_v as_o britain_n be_v call_v of_o that_o profane_a porphyry_n a_o plenteous_a province_n of_o tyrant_n so_o england_n may_v true_o be_v name_v a_o most_o fruitful_a island_n of_o saint_n furthermore_o englishman_n they_o apply_v their_o mind_n to_o the_o bring_n in_o again_o of_o the_o better_a kind_n of_o art_n and_o science_n and_o sow_v the_o seed_n of_o divinity_n and_o good_a literature_n throughout_o all_o germany_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o winifridus_fw-la willebrodus_fw-la and_o other_o which_o a_o german_a poet_n show_v in_o these_o verse_n haec_fw-la tamen_fw-la arctois_fw-fr laus_fw-la est_fw-la aeterna_fw-la britannis_fw-la quòd_fw-la post_fw-la pannonicis_n vastatum_fw-la incursibus_fw-la orbem_fw-la illa_fw-la bonas_fw-la art_n &_o graiae_n munera_fw-la linguae_fw-la stellarumque_fw-la vias_fw-la &_o magni_fw-la sydera_fw-la coeli_fw-la observans_fw-la iterum_fw-la turbatis_fw-la intulit_fw-la oris_fw-la quin_fw-la se_fw-la religio_fw-la multum_fw-la debere_fw-la britannis_fw-la servata_fw-la &_o latè_fw-la circùm_fw-la dispersa_fw-la fatetur_fw-la quis_fw-la nomen_fw-la winfride_fw-la tuum_fw-la quis_fw-la munera_fw-la nescit_fw-la te_fw-la deuce_fw-la germanis_fw-la pietas_fw-la se_fw-la vera_fw-la fidesque_fw-la insinuans_fw-la coepit_fw-la ritus_fw-la abolere_fw-la profanos_fw-la quid_fw-la non_fw-la alcuino_n facunda_fw-la lutetia_n debes_fw-la instaurare_fw-la bonas_fw-la ibi_fw-la qui_fw-la foeliciter_fw-la art_n barbariemque_fw-la procul_fw-la solus_fw-la depellere_fw-la coepit_fw-la quid_fw-la tibi_fw-la divinumque_fw-la bedam_fw-la doctissimus_fw-la olim_fw-la dum_fw-la varias_fw-la unus_fw-la bene_fw-la qui_fw-la cognoverat_fw-la art_n debemus_fw-la yet_o this_o immortal_a praise_n be_v due_a to_o britain_n northern_a isle_n that_o when_o the_o world_n be_v overrun_v and_o waste_v all_o the_o while_n by_o pannonik_n invasion_n it_o do_v reduce_v in_o ure_n those_o trouble_a country_n with_o good_a art_n also_o with_o knowledge_n pure_a of_o greek_a tongue_n and_o observe_v still_o the_o star_n in_o spacious_a sky_n and_o planet_n with_o their_o wander_a way_n teach_v they_o astronomy_n for_o true_a religion_n eke_o preserve_v and_o sow_v in_o many_o a_o land_n the_o world_n much_o bind_v to_o britain_n be_v and_o to_o her_o helpful_a hand_n thy_o name_n and_o gift_n o_o winifrid_n who_o know_v not_o since_o by_o thou_o the_o way_n be_v make_v in_o germany_n where_o faith_n and_o piety_n first_o set_v foot_n begin_v to_o chase_v all_o rite_n profane_v away_o what_o owe_v i_o not_o to_o alcuine_v now_o may_v eloquent_a paris_n say_v who_o happy_o go_v there_o in_o hand_n alone_o to_o plant_v a_o new_a good_a art_n and_o thence_o all_o barbarism_n to_o banish_v far_o from_o view_n and_o unto_o thou_o for_o worthy_a bede_n we_o be_v behold_v much_o the_o only_a man_n for_o sundry_a art_n his_o learned_a skill_n be_v such_o france_n peter_n ramus_n say_v moreover_o that_o britain_n be_v twice_o schole-mistris_n to_o france_n meaning_n by_o the_o druidaâ—_n and_o alcuinus_fw-la who_o industry_n charles_n the_o great_a use_v especial_o in_o erect_v the_o university_n of_o paris_n germany_n they_o bring_v also_o into_o germany_n military_a knowledge_n of_o arm_n as_o well_o as_o learning_n and_o religion_n yea_o and_o which_o you_o will_v marvel_n at_o if_o we_o may_v believe_v these_o word_n of_o eginhardus_fw-la they_o give_v unto_o those_o saxon_n their_o first_o original_a who_o now_o inhabit_v the_o dukedom_n of_o saxony_n the_o nation_n of_o the_o saxon_n say_v he_o as_o antiquity_n do_v record_n be_v depart_v from_o the_o english_a inhabit_v britain_n sail_v through_o the_o ocean_n partly_o upon_o a_o desire_n they_o have_v and_o partly_o drive_v of_o necessity_n to_o seek_v where_o they_o may_v seat_v themselves_o arrive_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o germany_n and_o land_v at_o a_o place_n call_v haduloha_n what_o time_n as_o theodericus_fw-la king_n of_o the_o frank_n war_a upon_o hirminfridus_fw-la duke_n of_o the_o thuringer_n his_o daughter_n husband_n cruel_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n waste_v their_o land_n now_o when_o as_o they_o have_v in_o two_o pight_v field_n already_o try_v the_o doubtful_a fortune_n of_o battle_n with_o lamentable_a slaughter_n of_o their_o people_n and_o uncertain_a victory_n theoderich_n disappoint_v of_o his_o hope_n to_o be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n dispatch_v ambassador_n unto_o the_o saxon_n who_o duke_n be_v hadugato_n who_o have_v hear_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o come_n and_o take_v their_o promise_n that_o upon_o obtain_v victory_n they_o shall_v cohabite_v together_o led_z forth_o a_o army_n with_o they_o to_o aid_n theodoricus_n by_o mean_n of_o which_o force_v valiant_o
use_v in_o old_a time_n before_o they_o take_v any_o enterprise_n in_o hand_n god_n grant_v i_o gracious_a good_a speed_n ensue_v in_o the_o several_a discourse_n of_o every_o of_o they_o i_o will_v declare_v as_o plain_o and_o as_o brief_o as_o i_o can_v who_o be_v their_o ancient_a inhabitant_n what_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o their_o name_n how_o they_o be_v bound_v what_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n what_o place_n of_o antiquity_n and_o good_a account_n be_v therein_o what_o duke_n likewise_o or_o earl_n have_v be_v in_o each_o one_o since_o the_o norman_a conquest_n and_o in_o this_o succession_n of_o earl_n to_o confess_v frank_o by_o who_o i_o have_v take_v profit_n i_o do_v willing_o and_o just_o acknowledge_v that_o thomas_n talbot_n a_o most_o diligent_a clerk_n in_o the_o record_n of_o the_o tower_n a_o man_n of_o singular_a skill_n in_o our_o antiquity_n have_v give_v i_o much_o light_n and_o begin_v i_o will_v at_o the_o far_a part_n in_o the_o west_n that_o be_v to_o say_v at_z cornwall_z and_o so_o pass_v over_o the_o other_o country_n in_o order_n imitate_v herein_o strabo_n ptolomee_o and_o the_o most_o ancient_a geographer_n who_o always_o begin_v their_o description_n in_o the_o western_a country_n as_o be_v first_o from_o the_o meridian_n danmonii_n that_o region_n which_o according_a to_o the_o geographer_n be_v the_o first_o of_o all_o britain_n and_o grow_v straight_a still_a and_o narrow_a shoot_v out_o far_a into_o the_o west_n and_o have_v on_o the_o north_n side_n the_o severne-sea_n on_o the_o south_n the_o british_a and_o on_o the_o west_n the_o vergivian_n or_o western_a ocean_n beat_v upon_o it_o be_v in_o ancient_a time_n inhabit_v by_o those_o britain_n who_o solinus_n call_v dunmonii_n ptolomee_o damnonii_n or_o as_o we_o find_v in_o some_o other_o copy_n more_o true_o danmonii_n which_o name_n if_o it_o be_v not_o derive_v from_o those_o ever-continuing_a mine_n of_o tin_n in_o this_o tract_n which_o the_o britan_n term_n moina_n may_v seem_v to_o come_v of_o the_o dwell_n there_o under_o hill_n for_o their_o habitation_n all_o over_o this_o country_n be_v somewhat_o low_a and_o in_o valley_n which_o manner_n of_o dwell_v be_v call_v in_o the_o welch_n british_a tongue_n dan-munith_a in_o which_o sense_n also_o the_o province_n next_o adjoin_v in_o like_a respect_n be_v at_o this_o day_n name_v by_o the_o welshman_n britan_n duffneint_a that_o be_v to_o say_v ostidamnej_fw-la low_a valley_n now_o whether_o the_o ostidamnii_fw-la call_v also_o ostaei_n and_o ostiones_n of_o who_o strabo_n make_v mention_v out_o of_o pithaeas_n of_o marfile_v be_v our_o danmonij_fw-la i_o wish_v the_o studious_a searcher_n of_o antiquity_n will_v weigh_v with_o themselves_o and_o examine_v somewhat_o more_o diligent_o for_o seat_v they_o be_v by_o their_o report_n in_o the_o far_a part_n of_o europe_n towards_o the_o west_n ocean_n over_o against_o spain_n not_o far_o from_o the_o isle_n vxantissa_n now_o call_v vshant_n which_o particular_n every_o one_o do_v very_o well_o and_o in_o each_o point_n agree_v unto_o this_o region_n of_o our_o danmonij_fw-la and_o see_v that_o those_o ostiones_n be_v call_v by_o artemidorus_n cossini_n as_o stephanus_n in_o his_o city_n seem_v to_o note_v i_o wish_v likewise_o they_o will_v consider_v because_o these_o people_n be_v term_v also_o corini_n whether_o in_o stead_n of_o cossini_n cossini_n we_o be_v not_o to_o read_v corini_n for_o we_o read_v fusij_fw-la for_o furij_fw-la and_o valesij_fw-la for_o valerij_fw-la and_o sure_o the_o geographer_n have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o glimpse_n where_o to_o seek_v these_o ostidamnij_fw-la and_o cossini_n by_o the_o western_a sea_n if_o they_o be_v hence_o exclude_v but_o the_o country_n of_o this_o nation_n be_v at_o this_o day_n divide_v into_o two_o part_n know_v by_o late_a name_n of_o cornwall_n and_o denshire_n whereof_o we_o will_v speak_v in_o order_n cornwall_z cornwall_n which_o also_o by_o late_a writer_n be_v call_v cornubia_n in_o latin_a of_o all_o britain_n do_v bear_v most_o westward_o and_o be_v inhabit_v by_o that_o remnant_n of_o britan_n which_o marinus_n scotus_n call_v occidentales_fw-la britones_n that_o be_v britain_n of_o the_o west_n part_n who_o in_o the_o british_a tongue_n for_o as_o yet_o they_o have_v not_o lose_v their_o ancient_a language_n name_v it_o kernaw_n because_o it_o wax_v small_a and_o small_a in_o manner_n of_o a_o horn_n and_o run_v forth_o into_o the_o sea_n with_o little_a promontory_n as_o they_o be_v horn_n on_o every_o side_n for_o the_o britain_n call_n a_o horn_n corn_n and_o horn_n kern_n kern_n in_o the_o plural_a number_n although_o other_o will_v have_v cornwall_n to_o take_v the_o name_n of_o one_o corineus_n i_o know_v not_o what_o companion_n of_o brutus_n and_o do_v call_v it_o corinea_n according_a to_o this_o verse_n of_o a_o fabulous_a poet_n pars_fw-la corinea_n datur_fw-la corinaeo_n de_fw-fr deuce_fw-la nomen_fw-la patria_fw-la deque_fw-la viro_fw-la gens_fw-la corinensis_fw-la habet_fw-la to_o captain_n corineus_n part_n be_v give_v to_o hold_v by_o right_n of_o he_o both_o coast_n corinea_n and_o people_n cornish_a height_n but_o no_o strange_a matter_n it_o be_v if_o a_o man_n search_v antiquity_n for_o many_o place_n to_o have_v their_o denomination_n give_v they_o of_o such_o kind_n of_o scite_fw-la as_o this_o in_o crete_n and_o procopia_n taurica_n chersonessus_n there_o be_v promontory_n term_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v ram_n forehead_n because_o they_o shoot_v forth_o into_o the_o sea_n after_o the_o fashion_n of_o ram_n horn_n semblable_o cyprus_n be_v of_o the_o greek_n in_o old_a time_n call_v cerastis_n for_o that_o it_o but_v on_o the_o sea_n with_o promontory_n bear_v out_o like_a horn_n so_o that_o it_o be_v no_o marvel_n if_o the_o coast_n be_v call_v kernaw_n and_o corn_n crooken_v inward_a as_o it_o do_v like_v unto_o a_o horn_n and_o have_v divers_a small_a cape_n and_o point_n stick_v out_o as_o it_o be_v horn_n whereupon_o when_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o saxon_n war_n many_o britan_n retire_a themselves_o into_o this_o tract_n trust_v to_o the_o natural_a strength_n of_o the_o place_n for_o they_o know_v that_o the_o way_n by_o land_n be_v hard_a enough_o to_o be_v pass_v through_o by_o reason_n of_o mountain_n and_o cross_v in_o divers_a place_n with_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o sail_v likewise_o there_o be_v cumbersome_a because_o the_o place_n be_v unknown_a the_o saxon_a be_v conqueror_n who_o call_v all_o foreign_a thing_n and_o alien_n or_o stranger_n in_o their_o language_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d name_v the_o inhabitant_n hereof_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d hereof_o spring_v the_o latin_a name_n cornwallia_n and_o in_o the_o late_a age_n cornubia_n and_o in_o some_o writer_n occidua_fw-la wallia_fw-la so_o far_o it_o be_v off_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v call_v cornwallia_n of_o the_o gaul_n that_o conquer_v it_o which_o some_o there_o be_v that_o in_o flattery_n of_o the_o french_a name_n and_o nation_n will_v uphold_v who_o if_o they_o be_v as_o quicksighted_n at_o home_n as_o they_o be_v curious_a abroad_o may_v find_v that_o their_o britain_n britain_n lie_v upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n opposite_a to_o this_o country_n be_v so_o name_v of_o our_o britain_n and_o that_o cornovaille_n no_o small_a territory_n therein_o which_o speak_v the_o same_o language_n that_o our_o cornishmen_n do_v take_v name_n of_o our_o countryman_n that_o pass_v over_o hence_o to_o dwell_v there_o for_o as_o these_o our_o britain_n of_o the_o west_n part_n aid_v the_o armorici_n of_o gaul_n inhabit_v in_o that_o tract_n in_o their_o war_n against_o caesar_n upon_o which_o occasion_n he_o pretend_v a_o quarrel_n to_o invade_v britain_n and_o they_o afterward_o come_v thither_o as_o we_o say_v before_o strabo_n change_v the_o name_n of_o armorici_n and_o call_v it_o britain_n so_o in_o the_o forego_n age_n ready_o they_o be_v and_o ever_o at_o hand_n to_o help_v those_o britain_n their_o countryman_n against_o the_o french_a and_o during_o the_o tempestuous_a trouble_n of_o the_o danish_a war_n some_o of_o they_o put_v over_o thither_o also_o and_o be_v think_v to_o have_v leave_v this_o name_n of_o cornovaille_n behind_o they_o there_o but_o to_o leave_v that_o cornovaille_n this_o our_o cornwall_n as_o if_o nature_n make_v amends_o and_o recompense_n for_o the_o encroach_a in_o of_o the_o sea_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n raise_v on_o high_a with_o mountain_n be_v in_o the_o valley_n between_o of_o a_o indifferent_a glebe_n with_o which_o the_o sea_n weed_n or_o reit_v common_o call_v orewood_n orewood_n and_o a_o certain_a kind_n of_o fruitful_a sea-sand_n they_o make_v so_o rank_n and_o battle_n that_o it_o be_v incredible_a the_o sea_n coast_n be_v beautify_v with_o very_a many_o
east_n and_o west_n flourish_v sometime_o in_o great_a honour_n it_o pay_v no_o geldâ—_n tribute_n as_o we_o find_v in_o doomsday_n the_o survey-book_n of_o england_n but_o when_o exeter_n pay_v and_o than_o it_o yield_v xl_o d._n and_o do_v service_n if_o any_o expedition_n march_v by_o land_n or_o go_v by_o sea_n and_o totnes_n barnestaple_n and_o lidford_n serve_v and_o pay_v as_o much_o as_o exeter_n king_n john_n grant_v unto_o it_o power_n to_o choose_v a_o major_a for_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n edward_n the_o first_o enrich_v it_o with_o sundry_a liberty_n and_o about_o that_o time_n it_o be_v fortify_v with_o a_o castle_n by_o the_o zouche_n as_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v persuade_v the_o possession_n it_o be_v in_o time_n pass_v of_o one_o judaël_n surname_v de_n totnais_n afterward_o of_o william_n briwer_n a_o right_n noble_a personage_n by_o one_o of_o who_o daughter_n it_o come_v to_o the_o breose_n and_o from_o they_o by_o a_o daughter_n likewise_o to_o george_n de_fw-fr cantlow_n cantelupo_n lord_n of_o abergeveny_n who_o sister_n melicent_n wed_v unto_o eudo_fw-la de_fw-fr la_fw-fr zouch_n usuâ—_n bring_v it_o in_o by_o her_o marriage_n to_o the_o family_n of_o the_o baron_n la_fw-fr zouche_n and_o they_o it_o be_v until_o that_o john_n lord_n zouch_v be_v attaint_n and_o proscribe_v because_o he_o take_v part_n with_o king_n richard_n the_o three_o henry_n the_o seven_o bestow_v it_o frank_o as_o i_o have_v hear_v say_v upon_o peter_n edgecombe_n a_o noble_a and_o wise_a gentleman_n adjoin_v to_o this_o town_n be_v berie_n pomerie_n so_o call_v of_o the_o pomery_n a_o right_a noble_a house_n in_o those_o part_n which_o a_o little_a more_o eastward_o and_o somewhat_o far_o from_o the_o river_n side_n have_v a_o very_a proper_a castle_n of_o their_o own_o these_o derive_v their_o pedigree_n from_o radulph_n pomerie_n who_o in_o william_n conqueror_n time_n hold_v which_o dunwinesdon_n brawerdine_n pudeford_n horewood_n toriland_n helecom_v and_o this_o berie_n etc._n etc._n of_o this_o totnes_n the_o strand_n or_o shore_n adjoin_v be_v call_v in_o old_a time_n totonese_n where_o as_o the_o british_a history_n say_v brutus_n the_o founder_n of_o the_o british_a nation_n first_o land_v and_o havillanus_fw-la as_o a_o poet_n rely_v thereon_o versify_v in_o this_o wise_a ind_n dato_fw-la cursu_fw-la brutus_n comitatus_fw-la achate_n gallorum_n spoliis_fw-la cumulatis_fw-la navibus_fw-la aequor_fw-la exarat_fw-la &_o superis_fw-la auraque_fw-la faventibus_fw-la usus_fw-la littora_fw-la foelices_fw-la intrat_fw-la totonesia_n portus_fw-la thence_o hoise_v sail_n with_o gaulish_n spoil_v the_o fleet_n freight_v sea_n do_v take_v our_o brutus_n with_o his_o trusty_a friend_n and_o through_o wave_n way_n do_v make_v the_o god_n look_v cheerful_a on_o his_o course_n the_o wind_n he_o have_v at_o will_n at_o totnesse_n shore_n that_o happy_a haven_n arrive_v he_o and_o stand_v still_o but_o that_o river_n dert_n whereof_o i_o speak_v have_v pass_v beyond_o totnes_n bridge_n at_o which_o it_o leave_v whole_a heap_n of_o sand_n bring_v down_o by_o his_o stream_n from_o out_o of_o the_o tin_n mine_n have_v for_o prospect_n on_o both_o side_n nothing_o but_o fruitful_a field_n until_o he_o come_v all_o weary_a with_o his_o long_a course_n to_o his_o mouth_n over_o which_o upon_o a_o hill_n reach_v forth_o in_o length_n dertmouth_n stand_v dertmouth_n a_o port_n town_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o commodious_a haven_n defend_v with_o two_o castle_n much_o frequent_v with_o merchant_n and_o furnish_v with_o very_o good_a ship_n a_o major_n it_o have_v by_o the_o grant_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o for_o lord_n it_o acknowledge_v long_o since_o the_o zouche_n nicolas_n of_o teukesbury_n and_o the_o brient_n according_a to_o the_o variable_a change_n of_o the_o time_n and_o have_v sundry_a time_n defend_v itself_o stout_o against_o the_o french_a but_o especial_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1404._o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr castell_n a_o frenchman_n who_o by_o his_o man_n of_o war_n and_o piracy_n have_v stop_v all_o intercourse_n of_o traffic_n in_o those_o part_n and_o burn_v plymouth_n while_o he_o invade_v this_o place_n be_v by_o woman_n and_o country_n people_n intercept_v and_o slay_v with_o all_o his_o company_n and_o here_o i_o must_v not_o pass_v over_o in_o silence_n stoke_n fleming_n that_o lie_v hard_a by_o fleming_n and_o which_o take_v that_o name_n of_o a_o noble_a man_n of_o flanders_n sometime_o lord_n thereof_o come_v by_o the_o daughter_n of_o mohun_n to_o the_o carewe_n from_o this_o place_n as_o the_o shore_n give_v back_o northward_o the_o sea_n follow_v in_o upon_o it_o and_o by_o that_o mean_n with_o a_o large_a and_o spacious_a creek_n which_o take_v about_o ten_o mile_n in_o circuit_n make_v a_o bay_n call_v now_o torbay_n a_o very_a safe_a road_n and_o harbour_n for_o ship_n when_o the_o south-west_n wind_n be_v aloft_o briew_n and_o have_v fast_o by_o it_o a_o little_a village_n so_o call_v where_o sometime_o the_o briewr_n dwell_v and_o build_v a_o religious_a house_n who_o in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o sommersetshire_n and_o king_n john_n be_v man_n of_o great_a renown_n and_o revenue_n and_o afterward_o the_o habitation_n it_o be_v of_o the_o wake_n near_o unto_o it_o be_v cockington_n where_o the_o family_n of_o the_o carry_v a_o different_a house_n from_o that_o of_o the_o carewe_n have_v flourish_v a_o long_a time_n in_o great_a honour_n and_o estimation_n cockington_n out_o of_o which_o the_o baron_n of_o hunsdon_n concern_v who_o i_o will_v speak_v more_o in_o due_a place_n be_v descend_v a_o little_a high_o appear_v in_o sight_n hacombe_n hacombe_n the_o habitation_n in_o old_a time_n of_o sir_n jordan_n fitz-stephen_n knight_n surname_v of_o this_o place_n de_fw-fr hacombe_n by_o who_o daughter_n and_o heir_n cecilie_n it_o come_v into_o the_o family_n of_o the_o archdeacon_n from_o which_o likewise_o by_o hugh_n courtney_n in_o process_n of_o time_n it_o be_v devolve_v upon_o the_o carewe_n carew_n who_o house_n in_o these_o part_n be_v repute_v very_o worshipful_a and_o spread_v into_o many_o branch_n for_o jane_n the_o daugther_o of_o the_o say_v hugh_n and_o heir_n to_o her_o mother_n be_v join_v in_o marriage_n to_o nicolas_n baron_fw-fr carew_n bring_v he_o many_o child_n and_o when_o the_o elder_a of_o they_o named_z thomas_z use_v not_o his_o mother_n with_o such_o dutiful_a respect_n as_o a_o son_n ought_v she_o make_v a_o conveyance_n of_o that_o great_a and_o wealthy_a inheritance_n to_o her_o three_o young_a son_n from_o who_o those_o three_o family_n of_o the_o carew_n de_fw-fr hacombe_n anthony_n and_o bery_n be_v spring_v and_o to_o john_n vere_n a_o son_n that_o she_o have_v by_o a_o second_o husband_n from_o who_o the_o earl_n of_o oxford_n be_v issue_v then_o meet_v you_o with_o teignemouth_n a_o little_a village_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n teigne_n whereof_o it_o have_v also_o the_o name_n where_o the_o dane_n that_o be_v send_v before_o to_o discover_v the_o situation_n of_o britain_n britain_n and_o to_o sound_v the_o land_n place_n be_v first_o set_v a_o shore_n about_o the_o year_n of_o salvation_n 800._o and_o have_v slay_v the_o governor_n of_o the_o place_n take_v it_o as_o a_o ominous_a good_a token_n of_o future_a victory_n which_o indeed_o afterward_o they_o follow_v with_o extreme_a cruelty_n through_o the_o whole_a island_n more_o inward_a near_o unto_o the_o source_n of_o the_o river_n teigne_n be_v chegford_n seat_v where_o flourish_v sometime_o the_o noble_a family_n of_o the_o prow_n then_o chidley_n which_o give_v the_o name_n to_o that_o great_a house_n and_o lineage_n of_o the_o chidleye_n and_o next_o unto_o the_o very_a mouth_n thereof_o bishop_n teignton_n so_o call_v because_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n in_o which_o because_o there_o be_v a_o sanctuary_n john_n grandison_n descend_v out_o of_o burgundy_n bishop_n of_o exeter_n as_o presage_v what_o will_v ensue_v in_o future_a time_n build_v a_o very_a fair_a house_n to_o the_o end_n that_o his_o successor_n these_o be_v the_o very_a word_n of_o his_o testament_n may_v have_v a_o place_n whereon_o to_o lean_v and_o lay_v their_o head_n if_o happy_o their_o temporality_n shall_v be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n but_o so_o far_o be_v it_o off_o that_o his_o purpose_n take_v effect_v that_o his_o successor_n have_v not_o only_o lose_v that_o house_n but_o also_o be_v quite_o desseize_v now_o well_o near_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n about_o six_o mile_n from_o thence_o the_o river_n ex._n isc_n whereof_o ptolomee_n make_v mention_v which_o the_o britain_n call_n isc_n and_o the_o english-saxons_a exit_fw-la with_o a_o large_a channel_n run_v into_o the_o ocean_n whether_o it_o take_v this_o name_n of_o iscaw_n that_o signify_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n elder_n tree_n i_o wot_v not_o some_o fetch_v it_o from_o
people_n caster_n but_o now_o have_v lose_v the_o old_a name_n it_o be_v call_v caster_n and_o no_o marvel_n that_o of_o the_o three_o ventae_fw-la city_n of_o britain_n this_o only_o lose_v the_o name_n see_v it_o have_v quite_o lose_v itself_o for_o beside_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o wall_n which_o contain_v within_o a_o square_a plot_n or_o quadrant_a about_o thirty_o acre_n and_o token_n appear_v upon_o the_o ground_n where_o sometime_o house_n stand_v and_o some_o few_o piece_n of_o roman_a money_n which_o be_v now_o and_o then_o there_o dig_v up_o there_o be_v nothing_o at_o all_o remain_v but_o out_o of_o this_o ancient_a venta_n in_o the_o succeed_a age_n norwich_n have_v her_o beginning_n about_o three_o mile_n from_o hence_o near_o unto_o the_o confluent_o of_o yare_a and_o another_o nameless_a river_n some_o call_v it_o bariden_n where_o they_o meet_v in_o one_o which_o river_n with_o a_o long_a course_n run_v in_o and_o out_o by_o fakenham_n which_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o give_v to_o hugh_n capell_n and_o king_n john_n afterward_o to_o the_o earl_n of_o arundel_n and_o make_v many_o crooked_a reach_n speed_v itself_o this_o way_n by_o attilbridge_n to_o yare_a horsford_n and_o leave_v horsford_n north_n from_o it_o where_o a_o castle_n of_o william_n casineto_fw-la cheney_n who_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a lord_n and_o chief_a peer_n of_o england_n lie_v overgrow_v with_o bush_n and_o bramble_n signify_v this_o norwich_n be_v a_o famous_a city_n call_v in_o the_o english_a saxon_a tongue_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o northerly_a creek_n if_o wic_n among_o the_o saxon_n signify_v the_o creek_n or_o cove_n of_o a_o river_n as_o rhenanus_fw-la show_v unto_o we_o for_o in_o this_o very_a place_n the_o river_n run_v down_o amain_o with_o a_o crooked_a and_o wind_a compass_n or_o a_o northern_a station_n if_o wic_n as_o hadrianus_n junius_n will_v have_v it_o betoken_v a_o sure_a and_o secure_a station_n or_o place_n of_o abode_n where_o dwell_v house_n stand_v joint_o and_o close_o together_o or_o a_o northerly_a castle_n if_o wic_n sound_v as_o much_o as_o castle_n as_o our_o grammar_n archbishop_n alfrick_n the_o saxon_a have_v interpret_v it_o but_o if_o i_o shall_v with_o some_o other_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o norwich_n by_o a_o little_a turn_n be_v derive_v from_o venta_n what_o shall_v i_o do_v but_o turn_v awry_o from_o the_o very_a truth_n for_o by_o no_o better_a right_n may_v it_o challenge_v unto_o itself_o the_o name_n of_o venta_n than_o either_o basil_n in_o germany_n the_o name_n of_o augusta_n or_o baldach_n of_o babylon_n for_o like_a as_o baldach_n have_v the_o beginning_n of_o babylon_n fall_n raâ—racorum_n and_o basil_n spring_v from_o the_o ruin_n of_o augusta_n even_o so_o our_o norwich_n appear_v and_o show_v itself_o though_o it_o be_v late_o out_o of_o that_o ancient_a venta_n which_o the_o british_a name_n thereof_o caer_fw-mi guntum_fw-la in_o author_n do_v prove_v wherein_o like_v as_o in_o the_o river_n wentsum_n or_o wentfar_o the_o name_n of_o venta_n do_v most_o plain_o discover_v itself_o for_o this_o name_n norwich_n we_o can_v read_v of_o any_o where_o in_o our_o chronicle_n before_o the_o danish_a war_n so_o far_o be_v it_o off_o that_o either_o caesar_n or_o guiteline_n the_o britain_n build_v it_o as_o they_o write_v who_o be_v more_o hasty_a to_o believe_v all_o than_o to_o weigh_v matter_n with_o sound_a judgement_n but_o now_o very_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o wealth_n the_o number_n of_o inhabitant_n and_o resort_v of_o people_n the_o fair_a building_n and_o fair_a church_n and_o those_o so_o many_o for_o it_o contain_v about_o thirty_o parish_n the_o painful_a industry_n of_o the_o citizen_n their_o loyalty_n towards_o their_o prince_n and_o their_o courtesy_n unto_o stranger_n it_o be_v worthy_o to_o be_v range_v with_o the_o most_o celebrate_v city_n of_o britain_n it_o be_v right_o pleasant_o situate_a on_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n two_o and_o fifty_o degree_n and_o forty_o scrupuls_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o four_o and_o twenty_o degree_n and_o five_o and_o fifty_o scrupuls_n in_o longitude_n the_o form_n be_v somewhat_o long_o lie_v out_o in_o length_n from_o south_n to_o north_n a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a but_o carry_v in_o breadth_n about_o half_a so_o much_o draw_v itself_o in_o by_o little_a and_o little_a at_o the_o south_n end_n in_o manner_n as_o it_o be_v of_o a_o cone_n or_o sharp_a point_n compass_a it_o be_v about_o with_o strong_a wall_n in_o which_o be_v orderly_o place_v many_o turret_n and_o twelve_o gate_n unless_o it_o be_v on_o the_o east-side_n where_o the_o river_n after_o it_o have_v with_o many_o wind_n in_o and_o out_o water_v the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o city_n have_v four_o bridge_n for_o man_n to_o pass_v to_o and_o fro_o over_o it_o be_v a_o fence_n thereto_o with_o his_o deep_a channel_n there_o and_o high_a steep_a bank_n in_o the_o very_a infancy_n as_o i_o may_v so_o say_v of_o this_o city_n when_o etheldred_n a_o witless_a and_o unadvised_a prince_n reign_v sueno_n or_o swan_n the_o dane_n who_o range_v at_o his_o pleasure_n through_o england_n with_o a_o great_a rabble_n of_o spoil_v ravenour_n first_o put_v it_o to_o the_o sack_n and_o afterward_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n yet_o it_o revive_v again_o and_o as_o we_o read_v in_o that_o domesday_n book_n wherein_o william_n the_o conqueror_n take_v the_o review_n of_o all_o england_n there_o be_v by_o account_n in_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n time_n no_o few_o than_o one_o thousand_o three_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o burgess_n in_o it_o at_o which_o time_n that_o i_o may_v speak_v out_o of_o the_o same_o book_n it_o pay_v unto_o the_o king_n twenty_o pound_n and_o to_o the_o earl_n ten_o pound_n and_o beside_o all_o this_o twenty_o shilling_n and_o four_o prebendary_n and_o six_o sextar_n of_o honey_n also_o a_o bear_n and_o six_o dog_n for_o to_o bait_v the_o bear_n but_o now_o it_o pai_v seventy_o pound_n by_o weight_n to_o the_o king_n and_o a_o hundred_o shilling_n for_o a_o it_o gersume_v to_o the_o queen_n and_o a_o amble_a palfrey_n also_o twenty_o pound_n blanc_n to_o the_o earl_n and_o twenty_o shilling_n for_o a_o gersume_v by_o tale_n but_o while_o the_o say_a king_n william_n reign_v that_o flame_a fire_n of_o fatal_a sedition_n which_o raulph_n earl_n of_o east_n england_n have_v kindle_v against_o the_o king_n settle_a itself_o here_o for_o when_o he_o have_v save_v himself_o by_o flight_n his_o wife_n together_o with_o the_o french_a briton_n endure_v in_o this_o place_n a_o most_o grievous_a siege_n even_o to_o extreme_a famine_n yet_o at_o length_n drive_v she_o be_v to_o this_o hard_a pinch_n that_o she_o flee_v the_o land_n and_o this_o city_n be_v so_o impair_v that_o scarce_o 560._o burgess_n be_v leave_v in_o it_o as_o we_o read_v in_o that_o domesday_n book_n of_o this_o yield_a up_o of_o the_o city_n lanfrank_a archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n make_v mention_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o king_n william_n in_o these_o word_n your_o kingdom_n be_v purge_v of_o these_o villainous_a and_o filthy_a briton_n the_o castle_n of_o norwich_n be_v render_v up_o into_o your_o hand_n and_o the_o briton_n who_o be_v therein_o and_o have_v land_n in_o england_n have_v life_n and_o limb_n grant_v unto_o they_o be_v swear_v within_o forty_o day_n to_o depart_v out_o of_o your_o realm_n and_o not_o enter_v any_o more_o into_o it_o without_o your_o leave_n and_o licence_n from_o that_o time_n begin_v it_o again_o to_o recover_v itself_o by_o little_a and_o little_a out_o of_o this_o deluge_n of_o calamity_n and_o bishop_n herbert_n who_o good_a name_n be_v crack_v for_o his_o foul_a simony_n translate_v the_o episcopal_a see_v from_o thetford_n hither_o and_o build_v up_o a_o very_a fair_a cathedral_n church_n on_o the_o east_n side_n and_o low_a part_n of_o the_o city_n in_o a_o certain_a place_n then_o call_v cow-holme_a near_o unto_o the_o castle_n the_o first_o stone_n whereof_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n william_n rufus_n and_o in_o the_o year_n after_o christ_n nativity_n 1096._o himself_n lay_v with_o this_o inscription_n dominus_fw-la herbertus_n posuit_fw-la primum_fw-la lapidem_fw-la in_o nomine_fw-la patris_fw-la filii_fw-la et_fw-la spiritus_fw-la sancti_fw-la amen_o that_o be_v lord_n bishop_n herbert_n lay_v the_o first_o stone_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o father_n the_o son_n and_o holy_a ghost_n amen_o afterward_o he_o procure_v of_o pope_n paschal_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v establish_v and_o confirm_v for_o the_o mother_n church_n of_o norfolk_n and_o suffolk_n he_o endow_v it_o bountiful_o with_o as_o much_o land_n as_o may_v sufficient_o maintain_v threescore_o monk_n who_o have_v there_o fair_a and_o spacious_a cloister_n
saint_n peter_n and_o be_v yield_v up_o without_o delay_n for_o ever_o unto_o the_o abbot_n and_o to_o the_o monk_n there_o serve_v god_n yet_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n cancel_v and_o make_v void_v this_o testament_n who_o reserve_v a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o to_o himself_o divide_v the_o rest_n between_o countess_n judith_n who_o daughter_n be_v marry_v to_o david_n king_n of_o scot_n robert_n mallet_n oger_n gislebert_n of_o gaunt_n earl_n hugh_n aubrey_n the_o clerk_n and_o other_o and_o unto_o westminster_n first_o he_o leave_v the_o tithe_n afterward_o the_o church_n only_o of_o okeham_n and_o parcel_n thereunto_o appertain_v this_o county_n have_v not_o have_v many_o earl_n the_o first_o earl_n of_o rutland_n be_v edward_n the_o first_o beget_v son_n of_o edmund_n of_o langley_n duke_n of_o york_n create_v by_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o upon_o a_o singular_a favour_n that_o he_o cast_v unto_o he_o during_o his_o father_n life_n and_o afterward_o by_o the_o same_o king_n advance_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o duke_n of_o aumarle_n this_o young_a man_n wicked_o project_v with_o other_o a_o practice_n to_o make_v away_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o and_o straight_a way_n with_o like_a levity_n discover_v the_o same_o but_o after_o his_o father_n death_n be_v duke_n of_o york_n lose_v his_o life_n fight_v courageous_o amid_o the_o thick_a troop_n of_o his_o enemy_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o agincourt_n long_o time_n after_o there_o succeed_v in_o this_o honour_n edward_n the_o little_a young_a son_n of_o richard_n duke_n of_o york_n and_o he_o together_o with_o his_o father_n during_o those_o deadly_a broil_n of_o civil_a war_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o battle_n fight_v at_o wakefield_n many_o year_n after_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o raise_v up_o sir_n thomas_n manor_n to_o be_v earl_n of_o rutland_n who_o in_o right_n of_o his_o grandmother_n aeleonor_n be_v possess_v of_o a_o goodly_a and_o fair_a inheritance_n of_o the_o baron_n roos_n lie_v in_o the_o country_n round_o about_o and_o elsewhere_o in_o his_o room_n succeed_v his_o son_n henry_n and_o after_o he_o likewise_o edward_n his_o son_n unto_o who_o if_o i_o shall_v say_v nothing_o else_o that_o commendation_n of_o the_o poet_n be_v most_o apt_o and_o true_o appliable_a nomen_fw-la virtutibus_fw-la aequat_fw-la nec_fw-la sinit_fw-la ingenium_fw-la nobilitate_fw-la premi_fw-la his_o name_n so_o great_a with_o virtue_n good_a he_o match_v equal_o nor_o suffer_v wit_n smuthr_v to_o lie_v under_o nobility_n but_o he_o by_o over_o hasty_a and_o untimely_a death_n be_v receive_v into_o heaven_n leave_v this_o dignity_n unto_o john_n his_o brother_n who_o also_o depart_v this_o life_n within_o a_o while_n have_v for_o his_o successor_n roger_n his_o son_n answerable_a in_o all_o point_n to_o his_o ancient_a and_o right_a noble_a parentage_n this_o small_a shire_n have_v parish_n church_n 48._o lincolniae_fw-la comitatus_fw-la ubi_fw-la olim_fw-la insederunt_fw-la coritani_n lincolnshire_n upon_o rutland_n on_o the_o east_n side_n confine_v the_o county_n of_o lincoln_n call_v by_o the_o english-saxons_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o by_o the_o norman_n nicol-shire_n after_o their_o come_n into_o the_o land_n with_o some_o transposition_n of_o letter_n but_o usual_o lincolnshire_n a_o very_a large_a country_n as_o reach_v almost_o threescore_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o carry_v in_o some_o place_n above_o thirty_o mile_n in_o breadth_n pass_v kind_a for_o yield_v of_o corn_n and_o feed_v of_o cat-tail_n well_o furnish_v and_o set_v out_o with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o town_n and_o water_v with_o many_o river_n upon_o the_o eastside_n where_o it_o bend_v outward_a with_o a_o brow_n fetch_v a_o great_a compass_n the_o german_a ocean_n beat_v on_o the_o shore_n northward_o it_o reach_v to_o humber_n a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o west_n side_n it_o but_v upon_o nottinghamshire_n and_o on_o the_o south_n it_o be_v sever_v from_o northamptonshire_n by_o the_o river_n welland_n this_o whole_a shire_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n whereof_o one_o be_v call_v holland_n a_o second_o kesteven_n and_o the_o three_o lindsey_n holland_n which_o engulf_n term_v holland_n lie_v to_o the_o sea_n and_o like_v unto_o that_o holland_n in_o germany_n it_o be_v so_o thorough_o wet_a in_o most_o place_n with_o water_n that_o a_o man_n foot_n be_v ready_a to_o sink_v into_o it_o and_o as_o one_o stand_v upon_o it_o the_o ground_n will_v shake_v and_o quake_v under_o his_o foot_n and_o thence_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v take_v the_o name_n unless_o a_o man_n will_v with_o ingulph_n say_v that_o holland_n be_v the_o right_a name_n and_o the_o same_o impose_v upon_o it_o of_o hay_n which_o our_o progenitour_n broad_o call_v hoy._n this_o part_n throughout_o bear_v upon_o that_o ebb_a and_o flow_a arm_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o ptolomee_n call_v metaris_n washes_n instead_o of_o maltraith_n and_o we_o at_o this_o day_n the_o washes_n a_o very_a large_a arm_n this_o be_v and_o pass_v well_o know_v at_o every_o tide_n and_o high_a sea_n cover_v all_o over_o with_o water_n but_o when_o the_o sea_n eb_v and_o the_o tide_n be_v past_a a_o man_n may_v pass_v over_o it_o as_o on_o dry_a land_n but_o yet_o not_o without_o danger_n which_o king_n john_n learn_v with_o his_o loss_n for_o while_o he_o journy_v this_o way_n when_o he_o war_v upon_o the_o rebellious_a baron_n the_o water_n sudden_o break_v in_o upon_o he_o so_o that_o at_o fosse-dyke_n and_o welstream_n he_o lose_v all_o his_o carriage_n and_o princely_a furniture_n as_o matthew_n of_o westminster_n write_v this_o country_n which_o the_o ocean_n have_v lay_v to_o the_o land_n as_o the_o inhabitant_n believe_v by_o sand_n heap_v and_o cast_v together_o they_o it_o term_v silt_v be_v assail_v on_o the_o one_o side_n with_o the_o say_a ocean_n sea_n and_o in_o the_o other_o with_o a_o mighty_a confluence_n of_o water_n from_o out_o of_o the_o high_a country_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o all_o the_o winter_n quarter_v the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n be_v fain_o to_o keep_v watch_n and_o ward_v continual_o and_o hardly_o with_o all_o the_o bank_n and_o dam_n that_o they_o make_v against_o the_o water_n be_v able_a to_o defend_v themselves_o from_o the_o great_a violence_n and_o outrage_n thereof_o the_o ground_n bring_v forth_o but_o small_a store_n of_o corn_n but_o plenty_n of_o grass_n and_o be_v replenish_v abundant_o with_o fish_n and_o waterfowl_n the_o soil_v throughout_o be_v so_o soft_a that_o they_o use_v their_o horse_n unshod_a neither_o shall_v you_o meet_v so_o much_o as_o with_o a_o little_a stone_n there_o that_o have_v not_o be_v bring_v thither_o from_o other_o place_n nevertheless_o there_o be_v most_o beautiful_a church_n stand_v there_o build_v of_o four_o square_a stone_n certain_a it_o be_v that_o the_o sea_n aforetime_o have_v enter_v far_o up_o into_o the_o country_n and_o that_o appear_v by_o those_o bank_n former_o raise_v against_o the_o waterwave_v then_o in-rushing_a which_o be_v now_o two_o mile_n off_o from_o the_o shore_n as_o also_o by_o the_o hill_n near_o sutterton_n which_o they_o call_v salt-hil_n salt-hil_n but_o of_o fresh_a water_n there_o be_v exceed_o great_a want_n in_o all_o place_n neither_o have_v they_o any_o at_o all_o but_o rain_n water_n and_o that_o in_o pit_n which_o if_o they_o be_v of_o any_o great_a depth_n present_o become_v brackish_a if_o shallow_a they_o dry_v up_o as_o soon_o neither_o be_v there_o quicksand_n want_v quicksand_n which_o have_v a_o wonderful_a force_n to_o draw_v to_o they_o and_o to_o hold_v fast_o as_o both_o shepherd_n and_o their_o poor_a sheep_n also_o find_v other_o while_o not_o without_o danger_n this_o holland_n or_o hoiland_n whether_o you_o will_v be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o low_a and_o the_o high_a the_o low_a have_v in_o it_o soul_n and_o slabby_a quavemire_n yea_o and_o most_o troublesome_a fen_n which_o the_o very_a inhabitant_n themselves_o for_o all_o their_o stilt_n can_v stalk_v through_o and_o consider_v that_o it_o lie_v very_o low_a and_o flat_a fence_v it_o be_v of_o the_o one_o side_n against_o the_o ocean_n on_o the_o other_o from_o those_o water_n which_o overwhelm_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o ely_n with_o mighty_a pile_n and_o huge_a bank_n oppose_v against_o the_o same_o of_o which_o southybanke_n be_v of_o great_a name_n which_o lest_o it_o shall_v have_v a_o breach_n make_v through_o it_o with_o that_o infinite_a mass_n of_o water_n that_o fall_v from_o the_o south_n part_n when_o the_o river_n swell_v and_o all_o be_v overflow_v by_o inundation_n the_o people_n watch_v with_o great_a care_n and_o much_o fear_n as_o against_o a_o dangerous_a enemy_n and_o yet_o for_o the_o drain_n away_o of_o this_o water_n the_o neighbour_n inhabitant_n at_o the_o common_a charge_n
withdraw_v itself_o more_o inward_o upon_o this_o bay_n kidwelly_n kidwelly_n first_o offer_v itself_o to_o our_o sight_n the_o territory_n whereof_o kâ—tani_n the_o scot_n his_o son_n hold_v for_o a_o time_n until_o they_o be_v drive_v out_o by_o cuneda_n the_o britan._n but_o now_o it_o be_v count_v part_n of_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n by_o the_o heir_n of_o maurice_n of_o london_n or_o de_fw-fr londres_n who_o make_v a_o outroad_v hither_o out_o of_o glamorgan-shire_n after_o a_o dangerous_a war_n make_v himself_o lord_n hereof_o and_o fortify_v old_a kidwelly_n with_o a_o wall_n and_o castle_n to_o it_o which_o now_o for_o very_a age_n be_v grow_v to_o decay_n and_o stand_v as_o it_o be_v forlet_n and_o forlorn_a for_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v pass_v over_o the_o little_a river_n vendraeth_n vehan_n build_v a_o new_a kidwelly_n entice_v thither_o by_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o haven_n which_o notwithstanding_o at_o this_o day_n be_v choke_v with_o shelf_n and_o bar_n be_v at_o this_o present_a of_o no_o great_a use_n while_o maurice_n of_o london_n invade_v these_o part_n courage_n guenliana_n the_o wife_n of_o prince_n gruffin_n a_o stout_a and_o resolute_a woman_n in_o the_o high_a degree_n to_o recover_v the_o loss_n and_o decline_a state_n of_o her_o husband_n come_v with_o display_v banner_n into_o the_o field_n and_o fierce_o assail_v he_o but_o the_o success_n not_o answerable_a to_o her_o courage_n she_o with_o her_o son_n morgan_n and_o other_o man_n of_o especial_a note_n as_o girald_n record_v be_v slay_v in_o battle_n by_o hawis_n or_o avis_n the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o sir_n thomas_n of_o london_n this_o pass_a fair_a and_o large_a patrimony_n together_o with_o the_o title_n of_o lord_n of_o ogmor_n and_o kidwelly_n come_v unto_o patricke-chaworth_a and_o by_o his_o son_n patrick_n daughter_n unto_o henry_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n now_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o say_v maurice_n of_o london_n as_o we_o learn_v out_o of_o a_o old_a inquisition_n for_o this_o inheritance_n kidwelly_n be_v bind_v to_o this_o service_n that_o if_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n or_o his_o chief_a justice_n come_v into_o the_o part_n about_o kidwelly_n with_o a_o army_n they_o shall_v conduct_v the_o foresay_a army_n with_o their_o banner_n and_o their_o people_n through_o the_o midst_n of_o nethland_n as_o far_o as_o to_o loghar_n a_o few_o mile_n beneath_o kidwelly_n tovie_n the_o river_n tovie_n which_o ptolomee_n call_v tobius_n fall_v into_o the_o the_o sea_n after_o he_o have_v pass_v through_o this_o region_n from_o north-east_n to_o south_n first_o by_o lanandiffry_n so_o call_v as_o man_n think_v of_o river_n meet_v together_o which_o hoel_n the_o son_n of_o rhese_n overthrow_v for_o malice_n that_o he_o bear_v unto_o the_o english_a dinevor_fw-la then_o by_o dinevor_n a_o princely_a castle_n standing_z aloft_z upon_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n and_o belong_v unto_o the_o prince_n of_o south_n wales_n while_o they_o flourish_v and_o last_o of_o all_o by_o caer_n marden_n which_o the_o britan_n themselves_o call_v caer-firdhin_a merdin_fw-fr ptolomee_o maridunum_n antonine_n muridunum_n who_o end_v his_o journey_n there_o and_o through_o negligence_n of_o the_o transcriber_n be_v in_o this_o place_n not_o well_o use_v for_o they_o have_v confound_v the_o journey_n from_o galena_n to_o isca_n and_o from_o maridunum_n to_o viriconium_n this_o be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o country_n for_o meadow_n and_o wood_n pleasant_a and_o in_o regard_n of_o antiquity_n to_o be_v respect_v compass_a about_o very_o proper_o as_o giraldus_n say_v with_o brick_n wall_n which_o be_v partly_o yet_o stand_v upon_o the_o famous_a river_n tovit_n able_a to_o bear_v small_a ship_n although_o there_o be_v now_o a_o bar_n of_o sand_n cast_v up_o against_o the_o very_a mouth_n thereof_o merlin_n in_o this_o city_n be_v bear_v the_o prophet_n tages_n of_o the_o britan_n i_o mean_v merlin_n for_o like_a as_o tages_n be_v the_o son_n of_o a_o evil_a angel_n teach_v his_o countryman_n the_o tuscan_n the_o art_n of_o sooth_n say_v so_o this_o merlin_n the_o son_n of_o a_o incubus_n spirit_n devise_v for_o our_o britan_n prophecy_n nay_o rather_o mere_a fantastical_a dream_n whereby_o in_o this_o island_n he_o have_v be_v account_v among_o the_o credulous_a and_o unskilful_a people_n a_o most_o renown_a prophet_n straight_o after_o the_o norman_n enter_v into_o wales_n this_o city_n be_v reduce_v but_o i_o wot_v not_o by_o who_o conduct_n under_o their_o subjection_n and_o for_o a_o long_a time_n sore_o afflict_v with_o many_o calamity_n and_o distress_n be_v oftentimes_o assault_v once_o or_o twice_o set_v on_o fire_n first_o by_o gruffin_n ap_fw-mi rise_v then_o by_o rise_v the_o say_a gruffin_n brother_n at_o which_o time_n henry_n turbervill_n a_o englishman_n succour_v the_o castle_n and_o hew_v down_o the_o bridge_n but_o afterward_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr clare_n who_o fortify_v both_o the_o wall_n thereof_o and_o the_o castle_n adjoin_v it_o be_v free_v from_o these_o misery_n and_o be_v once_o ease_v of_o all_o grievance_n and_o in_o security_n endure_v afterward_o more_o easy_o from_o time_n to_o time_n the_o tempest_n of_o war_n and_o all_o assault_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n of_o the_o english_a blood_n i_o mean_v the_o first_o beget_v son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n ordain_v here_o their_o chancery_n and_o exchequer_n for_o all_o south_n wales_n cantre_v near_o unto_o this_o city_n on_o the_o east_n side_n lie_v cantred-bichan_a that_o be_v the_o less_o hundred_o for_o the_o britan_n term_n a_o portion_n of_o land_n that_o contain_v 100_o village_n a_o cantre_v in_o which_o beside_o the_o ruin_n of_o careg_n castle_n situate_a upon_o a_o rock_n rise_v on_o every_o side_n steep_a and_o upright_a ground_n there_o be_v many_o under-mine_n or_o cave_n of_o very_a great_a wideness_n within_o the_o ground_n now_o cover_v all_o over_o with_o green-sord_a and_o turf_n wherein_o it_o be_v think_v the_o multitude_n unable_a to_o bear_v arm_n hide_v themselves_o during_o the_o heat_n of_o war_n there_o be_v also_o here_o a_o fountain_n that_o as_o giraldus_n write_v twice_o in_o four_o and_o twenty_o hour_n ebb_v and_o twice_o flow_a resemble_v the_o unstable_a motion_n of_o the_o main_a sea_n cantredmaur_n but_o on_o the_o north-east_n side_n there_o stretch_v itself_o a_o great_a way_n out_o cantredmaur_n that_o be_v the_o great_a hundred_o a_o most_o safe_a refuge_n for_o the_o britan_n in_o time_n past_a as_o be_v thick_o set_v with_o wood_n cumbersome_a to_o travail_v in_o by_o reason_n the_o way_n be_v intricate_a by_o the_o wind_n in_o and_o out_o of_o the_o hill_n southward_o stand_v talcharn_n and_o lhan-stephan_n castle_n upon_o rock_n of_o the_o sea_n lhan-stephan_n which_o be_v most_o notable_a witness_n of_o martial_a valour_n and_o prowess_n as_o well_o in_o the_o english_a as_o in_o the_o welsh_a beneath_o talcharn_n taff_n shed_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o side_n whereof_o be_v in_o time_n past_o that_o famous_a twy_n gwin_n be_v taff_n river_n that_o be_v the_o white_a house_n upon_o the_o river_n taff_n because_o it_o be_v build_v of_o white_a hazel_v for_o a_o summer_n house_n where_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o redemption_n 914._o haelius_fw-la hoel_n surname_v dha_n that_o be_v good_a prince_n of_o wales_n in_o a_o frequent_a assembly_n of_o his_o state_n for_o there_o meet_v there_o beside_o other_o of_o the_o clergy_n one_o hundred_o and_o forty_o abrogate_a the_o ancient_a ordinance_n and_o establish_v new_a law_n for_o his_o subject_n as_o the_o prooeme_n to_o the_o very_a law_n themselves_o do_v witness_v in_o which_o place_n afterward_o a_o little_a abbey_n name_v white_a land_n whiteland_n be_v build_v not_o far_o from_o whence_o be_v killmayn_n lhoyd_n where_o of_o late_a day_n certain_a country_n people_n happen_v upon_o a_o earthen_a vessel_n in_o which_o be_v hoard_a a_o mighty_a deal_n of_o roman_a coin_n coin_n of_o embase_v silver_n from_o the_o time_n of_o commodus_n the_o roman_a emperor_n who_o first_o embase_v silver_n unto_o the_o five_o tribuneship_n of_o gordian_a the_o three_o which_o fall_v just_a with_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 243._o among_o these_o be_v certain_a piece_n of_o helvius_n pertinax_n of_o marcus_n opellius_n of_o antoninus_n diadumenianus_n of_o julius_n verus_n maximus_n the_o son_n of_o maximinus_n of_o calius_n balbivus_fw-la of_o clodius_n pupienus_n of_o aquilia_n severa_n the_o wife_n of_o elagabalus_n and_o of_o sall._n barbia_n orbiana_n which_o among_o antiquary_n be_v of_o great_a price_n and_o estimation_n as_o be_v most_o rare_a of_o all_o other_o now_o it_o remain_v that_o i_o shall_v relate_v how_o upon_o the_o river_n tivy_a that_o separate_v this_o county_n from_o cardiganshire_n castle_n there_o stand_v newcastle_n for_o so_o they_o call_v
garumna_n the_o armorici_n their_o name_n for_o that_o they_o inhabit_v upon_o the_o seaside_n and_o the_o horesci_n they_o because_o their_o inhabitation_n be_v upon_o the_o river_n eske_n neither_o be_v the_o very_a name_n of_o ordevice_n quite_o vanish_v without_o any_o remain_v thereof_o in_o this_o tract_n for_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o which_o lie_v to_o the_o seaside_n be_v yet_o by_o the_o inhabitant_n usual_o call_v ardudwy_n whereof_o it_o may_v seem_v the_o roman_n have_v make_v these_o term_n ordovic_n and_o ordevice_n carry_v a_o soft_a and_o gentle_a sound_n but_o the_o whole_a country_n except_v one_o small_a shire_n be_v call_v of_o the_o latin_a writer_n by_o one_o name_n of_o a_o late_a stamp_n guineth_n guinethia_n and_o venedotia_n and_o of_o the_o britan_n guineth_n and_o the_o same_o from_o the_o vannes_n veneti_n of_o armorica_n as_o some_o think_v who_o as_o caesar_n write_v be_v wont_n very_o oft_o to_o sail_v unto_o britain_n but_o if_o i_o may_v be_v allow_v to_o change_v one_o only_a letter_n i_o will_v suppose_v that_o this_o name_n be_v know_v to_o the_o greek_n and_o to_o pausanias_n who_o in_o his_o arcadica_n record_v that_o antoninus_n pius_n the_o emperor_n grievous_o punish_v the_o brigantes_n for_o that_o they_o have_v make_v inroad_n into_o genounia_n a_o province_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o britain_n genounia_fw-la certes_o if_o it_o may_v be_v lawful_a to_o read_v genouthia_n for_o genounia_n so_o near_o in_o sound_n come_v that_o word_n to_o guinethia_n and_o this_o guinethia_n border_v so_o near_o to_o the_o brigantes_n that_o unless_o pausanias_n mean_v this_o region_n let_v sibylla_n herself_o declare_v where_o it_o be_v and_o what_o it_o shall_v be_v but_o these_o country_n belong_v to_o the_o old_a ordovices_n which_o be_v now_o call_v in_o english_a by_o new_a name_n montgomery-shire_n merioneth-shire_n caernarvonshire_n denbigh-shire_n and_o flintshire_n mongomery_n comitatus_fw-la qui_fw-la olim_fw-la pars_fw-la ordovicum_fw-la montgomery-shire_n montgomery-shire_n in_o british_a sire_n tre-faldwin_a so_o call_v of_o the_o principal_a town_n therein_o bound_v on_o the_o southside_n with_o cardigan_n and_o radnor-shire_n on_o the_o east_n with_o shropp-shire_n on_o the_o north_n with_o denbigh-shire_n and_o on_o the_o west_n with_o merionith_n although_o it_o have_v many_o a_o high_a hill_n in_o it_o yet_o by_o reason_n of_o plentiful_a valley_n it_o be_v a_o good_a country_n as_o well_o for_o corn_n as_o pasture_n and_o in_o old_a time_n a_o fruitful_a breeder_n of_o the_o best_a kind_n of_o horse_n which_o as_o giraldus_n say_v by_o nature_n workmanship_n pourtray_v as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o picture_n their_o noble_a shape_n be_v very_o commendable_a as_o well_o for_o the_o majestate_fw-la majesty_n of_o their_o make_n and_o big_a limb_n as_o for_o their_o incomparable_a swiftness_n in_o the_o utmost_a corner_n of_o this_o shire_n westward_o where_o it_o end_v pointwise_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o cone_n or_o pine_n apple_n stand_v machlen_v haply_o that_o which_o the_o roman_n call_v maglona_n where_o under_o the_o general_n of_o britain_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n theodosius_n the_o young_a lay_n in_o garrison_n the_o captain_n of_o the_o regiment_n of_o the_o solenses_n for_o to_o repress_v and_o keep_v under_o the_o mountainer_n and_o two_o mile_n from_o hence_o near_o unto_o penal_a there_o be_v a_o place_n to_o be_v see_v name_v keven_n caer_n that_o be_v the_o back_n or_o ridge_n of_o a_o city_n where_o piece_n of_o roman_a coin_n be_v other_o while_o dig_v up_o and_o a_o circular_a form_n of_o wall_n of_o no_o small_a circuit_n be_v apparent_o see_v by_o the_o remain_v five_o mile_n hence_o the_o hill_n plinlimon_n whereof_o i_o speak_v raise_v itself_o up_o to_o a_o wonderful_a height_n severn_n and_o on_o that_o part_n where_o it_o bound_v one_o side_n of_o this_o shire_n it_o pour_v forth_o sabrina_n the_o great_a river_n in_o britain_n next_o to_o thamis_n which_o the_o britan_n term_n haffren_n severn_n and_o englishman_n severn_n whence_o the_o name_n be_v derive_v i_o can_v never_o read_v for_o that_o seem_v to_o smell_v of_o a_o fable_n which_o geffrey_n have_v devise_v of_o the_o virgin_n sabrina_n therein_o drown_v and_o which_o a_o late_a poet_n follow_v his_o step_n have_v deliver_v thus_o in_o verse_n in_o flumen_fw-la pracipitatur_fw-la abren_n nomen_fw-la abren_n fluvio_fw-la de_fw-la virgine_fw-la nomen_fw-la eidem_fw-la nomine_fw-la corrupto_fw-la deinde_fw-la sabrina_n datur_fw-la into_o the_o stream_n be_v abren_n headlong_o cast_v the_o river_n then_o take_v that_o virgin_n name_n hight_v abren_n and_o thereof_o sabrin_n at_o last_o which_o term_n in_o speech_n corrupt_a imply_v the_o same_o this_o river_n immediate_o from_o his_o spring_n head_n make_v such_o a_o number_n of_o wind_n in_o and_o out_o in_o his_o course_n that_o a_o man_n will_v think_v many_o time_n he_o return_v again_o to_o his_o fountain_n yet_o for_o all_o that_o he_o run_v forward_o or_o rather_o slow_o wander_v through_o this_o shire_n shropp-shire_n worcester-shire_n and_o last_o of_o all_o gloucestershire_n infuse_v a_o certain_a vital_a moisture_n into_o the_o soil_n every_o where_o as_o he_o pass_v until_o at_o length_n he_o mild_o discharge_v himself_o into_o the_o severn_n sea_n but_o in_o this_o shire_n it_o be_v overshadow_a with_o wood_n after_o much_o struggle_a he_o get_v out_o northward_o by_o lanidlos_n trenewith_n newtowne_n or_o newtowne_n and_o caerfuse_a which_o as_o they_o say_v be_v both_o ancient_a and_o enjoy_v also_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o not_o far_o from_o his_o east_n bank_n leave_v behind_o he_o the_o castle_n and_o town_n of_o montgomery_n upon_o the_o rise_n of_o a_o rock_n have_v a_o pleasant_a plain_n under_o it_o the_o englishman_n name_v the_o castle_n montgomery_n and_o the_o latin_n mons_fw-la gomericus_n of_o roger_n de_fw-fr montgomery_n earl_n of_o shrewesbury_n who_o win_v much_o land_n hereabout_o from_o the_o welsh_a build_v it_o as_o we_o find_v in_o domesday_n book_n but_o when_o his_o son_n robert_n be_v attaint_v for_o rebellion_n king_n henry_n the_o first_o give_v this_o castle_n and_o the_o honour_n of_o montgomery_n to_o baldwin_n boller_n in_o marriage_n with_o sibyl_n of_o falais_n his_o niece_n according_a to_o who_o name_n the_o welshman_n call_v the_o town_n stand_v a_o little_a from_o the_o castle_n tre-faldwin_a that_o be_v baldwin_n town_n from_o this_o baldwin_n descend_v vital_a engain_n who_o claim_v this_o honour_n as_o right_a heir_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o about_o which_o time_n the_o say_a king_n henry_n the_o three_o raise_v it_o up_o again_o out_o of_o the_o very_a ash_n for_o the_o welsh_a have_v slay_v the_o garrison_n soldier_n and_o overthrow_v it_o and_o so_o it_o lay_v desolate_a for_o many_o year_n and_o florilegus_n fable_v that_o he_o of_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n than_o first_o name_v it_o montgomery_n certain_a it_o be_v xj_o that_o the_o say_a king_n then_o grant_v by_o his_o patent_n that_o the_o burrow_n of_o montgomery_n shall_v be_v a_o free_a burrough_n with_o other_o liberty_n now_o the_o herberâ—s_n be_v here_o seat_v branch_a out_o from_o a_o brother_n of_o sir_n william_n herbert_n the_o first_o earl_n of_o penbroke_a of_o that_o name_n hill_n hard_o by_o this_o corndon_n hill_n mount_v up_o to_o a_o very_a great_a height_n in_o the_o top_n whereof_o be_v place_v certain_a stone_n in_o a_o round_a circle_n like_o a_o coronet_n whence_o it_o take_v that_o name_n in_o memorial_n as_o it_o shall_v seem_v of_o some_o victory_n a_o little_a high_o severn_n glide_v down_o by_o trellin_n that_o be_v the_o town_n by_o a_o pool_n whereupon_o it_o be_v call_v welsh_a pool_n in_o english_a poole_n it_o have_v a_o castle_n join_v unto_o it_o on_o the_o south_n side_n called_z castle_z coach_n of_o a_o kind_n of_o red_a stone_n wherewith_o it_o be_v build_v castle_n which_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o one_o wall_n contain_v two_o castle_n the_o one_o belong_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o powis_n the_o other_o to_o the_o baron_n dudley_n cadugane_o the_o son_n of_o blethin_n that_o renown_a britain_n of_o who_o i_o speak_v while_o he_o be_v busy_a about_o the_o build_n of_o this_o castle_n be_v as_o we_o find_v in_o the_o epitome_n of_o lancarbanensis_fw-la slay_v by_o his_o nephew_n madock_n right_o over_o against_o this_o castle_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n stand_v buttington_n well_o know_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o dane_n winter_v there_o out_o of_o which_o adhered_a earl_n of_o the_o mercian_n expel_v they_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 894._o as_o marianus_n write_v severn_n be_v past_o these_o place_n turn_v by_o little_a and_o little_a eastward_o that_o he_o may_v the_o soon_o entertain_v the_o small_a river_n tanet_n which_o be_v once_o receive_v into_o his_o society_n he_o
country_n to_o present_v three_o hundred_o wolf_n yearly_o unto_o he_o by_o way_n of_o tribute_n destroy_v for_o when_o as_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n write_v he_o have_v for_o three_o year_n perform_v this_o at_o the_o four_o year_n he_o give_v over_o upon_o his_o protestation_n that_o he_o can_v find_v no_o more_o yet_o long_a time_n after_o this_o there_o remain_v some_o still_o shire_n as_o appear_z for_o certain_a by_o irreproveable_a testimony_n of_o record_n the_o inhabitant_n who_o for_o the_o most_o part_n whole_o betake_v themselves_o to_o breed_n and_o feed_v of_o cat-tail_n and_o live_v upon_o white_a mere_n as_o butter_n cheese_n etc._n etc._n how_o ever_o strabo_n mock_v our_o britan_n in_o time_n past_a as_o unskilful_a in_o make_v of_o cheese_n be_v for_o stature_n clear_a complexion_n goodly_a feature_n and_o lineament_n of_o body_n inferior_a to_o no_o nation_n in_o britain_n but_o they_o have_v a_o ill_a name_n among_o their_o neighbour_n for_o be_v too_o forward_o in_o the_o wanton_a love_n of_o woman_n and_o that_o proceed_n from_o their_o idleness_n they_o have_v but_o few_o town_n mouthwy_fw-fr eastward_o where_o dovy_n run_v stand_v mouthwy_a a_o commot_n very_o well_o know_v which_o fall_v for_o a_o child_n part_n of_o inheritance_n to_o william_n alias_o wilcock_n of_o mouthwy_n a_o young_a son_n of_o gruff_v ap_fw-mi gwenwynwin_n lord_n of_o powis_n and_o by_o his_o son_n daughter_n it_o come_v unto_o sir_n hugh_n burgh_n and_o by_o his_o son_n daughter_n likewise_o unto_o the_o family_n of_o newport_n leighton_n lingein_o and_o mitton_n of_o especial_a respect_n in_o these_o part_n dolegethle_n where_o the_o â—iver_n avon_n run_v down_o more_o westward_o there_o be_v dolegethle_n a_o little_a mercat_n town_n so_o call_v of_o the_o vale_n wherein_o it_o be_v build_v hard_o by_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o little_a territory_n name_v ardudwy_n the_o castle_n arlech_n in_o time_n past_a name_v caer_fw-mi colun_n stand_v advance_v upon_o a_o very_a steep_a rock_n and_o look_v down_o into_o the_o sea_n from_o aloft_o which_o be_v build_v as_o the_o inhabitant_n report_n by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o take_v name_n of_o the_o situation_n for_o arlech_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n signify_v as_o much_o as_o upon_o a_o stony_a rock_n while_o england_n be_v disjoint_v and_o lay_v tear_v with_o civil_a broil_n david_n ap_fw-mi jenkin_n ap_fw-mi enion_n a_o noble_a gentleman_n of_o wales_n who_o take_v part_n with_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n defend_v it_o stout_o against_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o until_o that_o sir_n william_n herbert_n earl_n of_o pembrock_n make_v his_o way_n with_o much_o ado_n through_o the_o midst_n of_o these_o mountain_n of_o wales_n no_o less_o passable_a than_o the_o alps_n assault_v this_o castle_n in_o such_o furious_a thunder_a manner_n that_o it_o be_v yield_v up_o into_o his_o hand_n incredible_a it_o be_v almost_o what_o a_o cumbersome_a journey_n he_o have_v of_o it_o and_o with_o what_o difficulty_n he_o get_v through_o while_o he_o be_v constrain_v in_o some_o place_n to_o climb_v up_o the_o hill_n creep_v in_o other_o to_o come_v down_o tumble_v both_o he_o and_o his_o company_n together_o whereupon_o the_o dweller_n thereabouts_o call_v that_o way_n at_o this_o day_n le_fw-fr herbert_n way_n a_o little_a high_o in_o the_o very_a confine_n of_o the_o shire_n two_o notable_a arm_n of_o the_o sea_n enbosome_v themselves_o within_o the_o land_n traith_n maur_n and_o traith_n bachan_n that_o be_v the_o great_a wash_n and_o the_o less_o fastineog_n and_o not_o far_o from_o hence_o near_o unto_o a_o little_a village_n call_v fastineog_n there_o be_v a_o street_n or_o port-way_n pave_v with_o stone_n that_o pass_v through_o these_o cumbersome_a and_o in_o manner_n unpassable_a mountain_n which_o consider_v that_o the_o britan_n name_n it_o sarn_n helen_n street_n that_o be_v helen_n street_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v think_v but_o that_o helena_n mother_n to_o constantine_n the_o great_a who_o do_v many_o such_o like_a famous_a work_n throughout_o the_o roman_a empire_n lay_v the_o same_o with_o stone_n neither_o stand_v far_a from_o it_o caer-gai_a that_o be_v the_o castle_n of_o caius_n build_v by_o one_o caius_n a_o roman_a touch_v who_o the_o common_a people_n dwell_v thereby_o report_v great_a wonder_n dee_n in_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o shire_n the_o river_n dee_fw-mi spring_v out_o of_o two_o fountain_n whence_o some_o think_v it_o take_v the_o name_n for_o they_o call_v it_o dwy_n which_o word_n import_v also_o among_o they_o the_o number_n of_o two_o although_o other_o will_v needs_o have_v it_o so_o term_v of_o some_o divinity_n other_z of_o the_o black_a colour_n and_o forthwith_o pass_v entire_a and_o whole_a through_o lhintegid_a pimble-meare_a in_o english_a pimble-meare_n and_o plenlin-meare_n a_o lake_n spread_v far_o in_o length_n and_o breadth_n and_o so_o run_v out_o of_o it_o with_o as_o great_a a_o stream_n as_o it_o enter_v in_o for_o neither_o shall_v a_o man_n see_v in_o dee_n the_o fish_n call_v guiniad_n which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o the_o mere_a fish_n nor_o yet_o salmon_n in_o the_o mere_a which_o nevertheless_o be_v common_o take_v in_o the_o river_n but_o see_v if_o you_o please_v the_o description_n of_o this_o lake_n or_o meare_n in_o verse_n by_o the_o antiquarian_a poet._n hispida_fw-la quà _fw-la tellus_fw-la mervinia_n respicit_fw-la eurum_fw-la est_fw-la locus_fw-la antiquo_fw-la penlinum_fw-la nomine_fw-la dictus_fw-la hîc_fw-la lacus_fw-la illimeis_fw-la in_fw-la valle_o tegeius_fw-la alta_fw-la latè_fw-la expandit_fw-la aquas_fw-la &_o vastum_fw-la conficit_fw-la orbem_fw-la excipiens_fw-la gremio_fw-la latices_fw-la qui_fw-la fonte_fw-la perenni_fw-la vicinis_fw-la recidunt_fw-la de_fw-la montibus_fw-la atque_fw-la sonoris_fw-la illecebris_fw-la captas_fw-la demulcent_fw-la suaviter_fw-la aures_fw-la illud_fw-la habet_fw-la certè_fw-la lacus_fw-la admirabile_fw-la dictu_fw-la quantumvis_fw-la magna_fw-la pluvia_fw-la non_fw-la astuat_fw-la atqui_fw-la aëre_fw-la turbato_fw-la si_fw-la ventus_fw-la murmura_fw-la tollat_fw-la excrescit_fw-la subito_fw-la rapidis_fw-la violentior_fw-la undis_fw-la et_fw-la tumido_fw-la superat_fw-la contempias_fw-la flumine_fw-la ripas_fw-la on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o merion_n a_o country_n rough_a that_o be_v a_o place_n there_o lie_v by_o ancient_a name_n clepe_v penlin_n iwis_o whereas_o within_o a_o valley_n deep_a there_o spread_v far_o a_o lake_n with_o water_n clear_a without_o all_o mud_n which_o compass_n huge_a do_v take_v receive_v sundry_a pearl_n to_o it_o and_o many_o a_o run_a rill_n that_o spring_n and_o fall_v continual_o from_o every_o neighbour_n hill_n and_o with_o shrill_a noise_n and_o pleasant_a sound_n allure_v ear_n do_v fill_v and_o very_o a_o wondered_a be_v of_o this_o lake_n strange_a to_o tell_v although_o the_o rain_n pour_v down_o amain_o the_o water_n never_o swell_v but_o if_o the_o air_n much_o trouble_v be_v and_o wind_n aloft_o do_v blow_n it_o swell_v at_o once_o no_o stream_n so_o much_o and_o bank_n do_v overflow_v bala_n on_o the_o brow_n or_o edge_n hereof_o stand_v bala_n a_o little_a town_n endow_v with_o many_o immunity_n but_o people_v with_o few_o inhabitant_n and_o as_o rude_o and_o unhandsome_o build_v nevertheless_o it_o be_v the_o chief_a mercate_z town_n for_o these_o mountainer_n hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o norman_n that_o take_v this_o country_n and_o hold_v it_o with_o plant_v garrison_n what_o time_n as_o he_o keep_v gruffin_n ap_fw-mi conan_n that_o be_v the_o son_n of_o conan_n prisoner_n but_o gruffin_n afterward_o recover_v it_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o principality_n and_o leave_v it_o unto_o his_o heir_n until_o it_o come_v unto_o the_o fatal_a period_n and_o so_o end_v in_o lhewellin_n it_o reckon_v church_n 37._o caernarvon_n comitatus_fw-la pars_fw-la olim_fw-la ordovicum_fw-la caernarvonshire_n above_o merionith-shire_n lie_v that_o country_n which_o the_o britan_n call_n sire_n caer-ar-von_a and_o english_a man_n caernarvonshire_n of_o the_o principal_a town_n therein_o and_o before_o that_o wales_n be_v lay_v out_o into_o shire_n they_o term_v it_o by_o the_o name_n of_o snowden-forest_n and_o the_o latin_a historian_n snaudonia_n of_o that_o forest_n and_o ar-vonia_a out_o of_o the_o british_a name_n because_o it_o have_v mona_n that_o be_v anglesey_n just_a over_o against_o it_o the_o north_n side_n and_o the_o west_n but_v upon_o the_o irish_a sea_n the_o southside_n be_v enclose_v with_o merioneth-shire_n riâ—_n and_o the_o east_n with_o denbigh-shire_n from_o which_o it_o be_v sever_v by_o the_o river_n conwy_n on_o that_o part_n which_o look_v towards_o the_o sea_n especial_o where_o it_o shoot_v forth_o a_o great_a way_n south-west_n with_o a_o promontory_n and_o stretch_v out_o the_o shore_n with_o crooked_a turn_v full_a against_o octopitarum_n or_o saint_n david_n land_n it_o be_v of_o a_o very_a fruitful_a soil_n and_o garnish_v all_o a_o long_a with_o pretty_a town_n as_o for_o the_o more_o inland_n
part_n of_o the_o shire_n nature_n have_v lofty_o arear_v it_o up_o far_o and_o near_o with_o mountain_n stand_v thick_a one_o by_o another_o as_o if_o she_o will_v here_o have_v compact_v the_o joint_n of_o this_o island_n within_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o make_v this_o part_n thereof_o a_o most_o sure_a place_n of_o refuge_n for_o the_o britan_n in_o time_n of_o adversity_n for_o there_o be_v so_o many_o roughe_n and_o rock_n so_o many_o vale_n full_a of_o wood_n with_o pool_n here_o and_o there_o cross_v over_o they_o lie_v in_o the_o way_n between_o that_o no_o army_n nay_o not_o so_o much_o as_o those_o that_o be_v light_o appoint_v can_v find_v passage_n a_o man_n may_v true_o brittany_n if_o he_o please_v term_v these_o mountain_n the_o british_a alps_n for_o beside_o that_o they_o be_v the_o great_a of_o the_o whole_a island_n they_o be_v no_o less_o steep_a also_o with_o cragged_a and_o rend_v rock_n on_o every_o side_n than_o the_o alps_n of_o italy_n yea_o and_o all_o of_o they_o compass_v one_o mountain_n round_o about_o which_o over-topping_a the_o rest_n so_o tower_v up_o with_o his_o head_n aloft_o in_o the_o air_n as_o he_o may_v seem_v not_o to_o threaten_v the_o sky_n but_o to_o thrust_v his_o head_n up_o into_o heaven_n and_o yet_o harbour_v they_o the_o snow_n for_o all_o the_o year_n long_o they_o be_v hoary_a with_o snow_n or_o rather_o with_o a_o harden_a crust_n of_o many_o snow_n felt_v together_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o all_o these_o hill_n be_v in_o british_a by_o one_o name_n term_v craig_n eriry_a in_o english_a snow-don_a hill_n which_o in_o both_o language_n sound_a as_o much_o as_o snowy_a mountain_n like_v as_o niphates_n in_o armenia_n and_o imaus_n in_o scythia_n take_v their_o name_n as_o pliny_n witness_v of_o snow_n nevertheless_o so_o rank_n be_v they_o with_o grass_n that_o it_o be_v a_o very_a common_a speech_n among_o the_o welsh_a that_o the_o mountain_n eriry_n will_v yield_v sufficient_a pasture_n for_o all_o the_o cat-tail_n in_o wales_n if_o they_o be_v put_v upon_o they_o together_o concern_v the_o two_o mere_n on_o the_o top_n of_o these_o in_o the_o one_o of_o which_o flore_v a_o wander_a island_n and_o in_o the_o other_o be_v find_v great_a store_n of_o fish_n but_o have_v all_o of_o they_o but_o one_o eye_n a_o piece_n i_o will_v say_v nothing_o leave_v i_o may_v seem_v to_o foster_v fable_n although_o some_o confident_a upon_o the_o authority_n of_o giraldus_n have_v believe_v it_o for_o a_o verity_n yet_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o very_a top_n of_o these_o mountain_n pool_n in_o deed_n and_o stand_a water_n whereupon_o gervase_n of_o tilbury_n in_o his_o book_n entitle_v otia_fw-la imperialia_fw-la write_v thus_o in_o the_o land_n of_o wales_n within_o the_o bound_n of_o great_a britain_n there_o be_v high_a hill_n that_o have_v lay_v their_o foundation_n upon_o most_o hard_a rock_n and_o in_o the_o top_n thereof_o the_o earth_n be_v crust_v over_o with_o such_o a_o coat_n of_o waterish_a moisture_n that_o wheresoever_o a_o man_n do_v but_o light_o set_v his_o foot_n he_o shall_v perceive_v the_o ground_n to_o stir_v the_o length_n of_o a_o stone_n cast_v from_o he_o whereupon_o when_o the_o enemy_n come_v the_o welsh_z with_o their_o agility_n and_o nimbleness_n light_o leap_v over_o the_o boggy_a ground_n either_o avoid_v the_o enemy_n assault_n or_o to_o their_o loss_n resolute_o expect_v their_o force_n these_o mountainer_n john_n salisbury_n in_o his_o polycraticon_n by_o a_o new_a forge_a latin_a name_n term_v nivicollinos_n nivicollini_fw-la that_o be_v snow-down_a inhabitant_n of_o who_o in_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o his_o day_n he_o write_v thus_o the_o snow-downe_a britan_n make_v inroad_n and_o be_v now_o come_v out_o of_o their_o cave_n and_o lurk_a hole_n of_o the_o wood_n enlarge_v their_o border_n possess_v the_o plain_n of_o the_o noble_a man_n and_o while_o themselves_o look_v on_o they_o assault_v they_o win_v and_o overthrow_v they_o or_o else_o keep_v the_o same_o to_o their_o own_o behoof_n because_o our_o youth_n which_o be_v so_o dainty_o bring_v up_o and_o love_v to_o be_v house-bird_n and_o to_o live_v lazy_a in_o the_o shade_n be_v bear_v only_o to_o devour_v the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o to_o fill_v the_o belly_n sleep_v until_o it_o be_v broad_a day_n light_n etc._n etc._n but_o come_v we_o down_o now_o from_o the_o mountain_n into_o the_o champion_n plain_n which_o because_o we_o find_v no_o where_o else_o but_o by_o the_o sea_n side_n it_o may_v suffice_v to_o coast_n only_o along_o the_o shore_n the_o promontory_n which_o i_o say_v before_o shoot_v out_o towards_o the_o south-west_n canganum_fw-la be_v in_o ptolomee_n call_v according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o copy_n canganum_n janganum_fw-la and_o langanum_n which_o be_v the_o true_a name_n i_o know_v not_o but_o langanum_n it_o may_v seem_v consider_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n name_v it_o at_o this_o day_n lhein_n lhein_n which_o run_v forth_o with_o a_o narrow_a and_o even_a by-land_n have_v large_a and_o more_o open_a field_n than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o same_o yield_a barley_n most_o plenteous_o two_o little_a town_n it_o show_v and_o no_o more_o that_o be_v memorable_a far_o within_o upon_o the_o creek_n nevin_n be_v pullhe_o that_o be_v that_o salt_n meare_n or_o poole_n more_o outward_a by_o the_o irish_a sea_n hat_n beat_v upon_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o bi-land_n be_v nevin_n a_o village_n have_v a_o merket_n keep_v in_o it_o wherein_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1284._o in_o a_o triumph_n over_o the_o welsh_a do_v celebrate_v the_o memory_n of_o arthur_n the_o great_a as_o florilegus_n write_v with_o juste_n tournament_n and_o festival_n pomp_n if_o any_o other_o town_n flourish_v here_o then_o be_v they_o destroy_v when_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n gruffin_n robert_n of_o rudland_n and_o guarin_n of_o salop_n enter_v into_o this_o country_n first_o of_o all_o the_o norman_n so_o waste_v this_o promontory_n that_o for_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o whole_a year_n it_o lay_v dispeople_v and_o desolate_a from_o nevin_n the_o shore_n point_v and_o endent_v with_o one_o or_o two_o elbow_n lie_v out_o into_o the_o sea_n tend_v northward_o and_o then_o turn_v afront_o north-east_n by_o a_o narrow_a sea_n or_o frith_n they_o call_v it_o menai_n it_o serve_v the_o isle_n anglesey_n from_o the_o firm_a land_n menai_n upon_o this_o straight_a or_o narrow_a sea_n stand_v segontium_n segontium_n a_o city_n which_o antonine_n the_o emperor_n make_v mention_n of_o some_o relic_n of_o the_o wall_n i_o see_v near_o unto_o a_o little_a church_n build_v in_o honour_n of_o saint_n pulblicius_fw-la beblin_n it_o take_v the_o name_n of_o a_o river_n run_v by_o the_o side_n of_o it_o which_o yet_o at_o this_o day_n be_v call_v seiont_n and_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o pool_n lin-peru_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o fish_n peculiar_a to_o that_o water_n and_o see_v no_o where_o else_o call_v by_o the_o dweller_n there_o tor-coch_n fish_n of_o the_o belly_n that_o be_v somewhat_o red_a now_o see_v that_o in_o a_o ancient_a copy_n of_o ptolomee_n setantiorum_n portus_n be_v here_o place_v which_o according_a to_o other_o copy_n be_v set_v far_o off_o if_o i_o shall_v read_v in_o stead_n of_o it_o segontiorum_fw-la portus_n that_o be_v the_o haven_n of_o the_o segontian_o and_o say_v it_o stand_v upon_o the_o mouth_n of_o this_o river_n i_o shall_v perhaps_o aim_v at_o the_o truth_n if_o not_o yet_o shall_v i_o obtain_v pardon_n for_o my_o conjecture_n of_o a_o courteous_a reader_n this_o city_n ninnius_n call_v caer_fw-mi custenith_n and_o he_o that_o write_v the_o life_n of_o gruffin_n the_o son_n of_o conan_n record_v that_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n build_v a_o castle_n in_o hean_n caer_fw-mi custenith_n that_o be_v as_o the_o latin_a interpreter_n translate_v it_o in_o the_o ancient_a city_n of_o constantine_n the_o emperor_n and_o matthew_n of_o westminster_n write_v but_o let_v he_o make_v it_o good_a if_o he_o can_v that_o the_o body_n of_o constantius_n father_n to_o constantine_n the_o great_a be_v here_o find_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1283._o and_o honourable_o bestow_v in_o the_o church_n of_o the_o new_a city_n by_o the_o commandment_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o who_o out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o this_o town_n at_o the_o same_o time_n raise_v the_o city_n caer-narvon_a somewhat_o high_o upon_o the_o river_n mouth_n so_o as_o that_o on_o the_o west_n and_o north-side_n it_o be_v water_v therewith_o which_o caer-narvon_a as_o it_o be_v call_v caer-narvon_a because_o it_o stand_v right_o over_o against_o the_o island_n mona_n for_o so_o much_o
land_n of_o mon_n and_o ynis_n dowil_n that_o be_v a_o shadowy_a or_o dark_a island_n of_o the_o ancient_a anglo-saxon_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o at_o last_o after_o that_o the_o english_a man_n become_v lord_n of_o it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ea_fw-la and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o one_o will_v say_v the_o english_a man_n island_n be_v sever_v from_o the_o continent_n of_o britain_n with_o the_o small_a narrow_a straight_o of_o menai_n and_o on_o all_o part_n beside_o beat_v upon_o with_o that_o surge_a and_o troublous_a irish_a sea_n lie_v in_o form_n unequal_a in_o length_n from_o east_n to_o west_n reach_v out_o twenty_o mile_n in_o breadth_n scarce_o seventeen_o and_o albeit_o as_o giraldus_n say_v the_o ground_n may_v seem_v dry_a and_o stony_a nothing_o sightly_o and_o unpleasant_a and_o for_o the_o outward_a quality_n resemble_v whole_o the_o land_n pebidiaâ—c_n that_o lie_v hard_a unto_o saint_n david_n yet_o for_o the_o inward_a gift_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v far_o unlike_a for_o above_o all_o the_o coast_n of_o wales_n it_o be_v without_o comparison_n most_o plentiful_a of_o wheat_n in_o so_o much_o as_o by_o way_n of_o a_o proverb_n they_o be_v wont_n to_o say_v of_o it_o in_o the_o welsh_a language_n mon_fw-fr mam_n cymbry_n which_o be_v as_o much_o in_o english_a as_o mon_n be_v the_o mother_n of_o wales_n because_o when_o all_o other_o country_n round_o about_o do_v fail_v this_o alone_a with_o the_o exceed_a fat_a soil_n and_o plentiful_a increase_n of_o corn_n be_v wont_a to_o sustain_v all_o wales_n in_o cat-tail_n also_o it_o be_v pass_o rich_a and_o send_v out_o great_a multitude_n it_o yield_v also_o grind_v stone_n and_o in_o some_o place_n a_o earth_n stand_v upon_o alum_n out_o of_o which_o some_o not_o long_o since_o begin_v to_o make_v alum_n and_o coperose_n but_o when_o they_o see_v it_o not_o answerable_a to_o their_o expectation_n at_o first_o without_o any_o far_a hope_n they_o give_v over_o their_o enterprise_n this_o be_v that_o most_o notable_a isle_n mona_n druid_n the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o druid_n attempt_v first_o by_o paulinus_n suetonius_n and_o bring_v under_o the_o roman_a empire_n by_o julius_n agricola_n this_o suetonius_n paulinus_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o nero_n as_o tacitus_n write_v make_v all_o preparation_n to_o invade_v the_o isle_n mona_n inhabit_v by_o a_o strong_a and_o stout_a nation_n and_o then_o the_o receptacle_n of_o fugitive_n he_o build_v flat-bothom_a vessel_n because_o the_o sea_n be_v shallow_a the_o landing-shore_n uncertain_a thus_o their_o footman_n pass_v over_o and_o after_o they_o the_o horseman_n follow_v by_o the_o shallow_a fourd_v or_o swim_v where_o the_o water_n be_v deep_a with_o their_o horse_n against_o they_o stand_v the_o enemy_n army_n on_o the_o shore_n thick_o set_v in_o array_n well_o appoint_v with_o man_n and_o weapon_n and_o woman_n also_o run_v in_o to_z and_o fro_o among_o they_o like_o fury_n of_o hell_n in_o mourn_a attire_n their_o hair_n about_o their_o ear_n and_o with_o firebrand_n in_o their_o hand_n round_o about_o they_o also_o be_v the_o druida_n who_o lift_v up_o their_o hand_n to_o heaven_n and_o pour_v out_o deadly_a curse_n with_o the_o strangeness_n of_o the_o sight_n so_o daunt_v the_o soldier_n as_o they_o stand_v stock-still_a and_o not_o able_a to_o stir_v their_o joint_n present_v their_o body_n unto_o wound_n at_o length_n what_o with_o the_o exhortation_n of_o their_o captain_n and_o what_o with_o encourage_v and_o animate_v one_o another_o not_o to_o fear_v a_o flock_n of_o frantic_a woman_n and_o fanatical_a person_n they_o display_v and_o advance_v forward_o their_o ensign_n down_o they_o go_v with_o all_o in_o their_o way_n and_o thrust_v they_o within_o their_o own_o fire_n which_o do_v garrison_n be_v place_v in_o their_o town_n and_o the_o grove_n consecrate_v to_o their_o cruel_a superstition_n cut_v down_o for_o they_o account_v it_o lawful_a to_o sacrifice_n with_o the_o blood_n of_o captive_n and_o by_o inspection_n of_o man_n fibre_n and_o bowel_n to_o know_v the_o will_n of_o their_o god_n but_o as_o paulinus_n be_v busy_a in_o these_o exploit_n news_n come_v unto_o he_o of_o a_o sudden_a revolt_n through_o the_o whole_a province_n which_o stay_v his_o enterprise_n afterward_o as_o the_o same_o tacitus_n write_v julius_n agricola_n purpose_v with_o himself_o to_o subdue_v the_o island_n mona_n from_o the_o possession_n whereof_o as_o i_o say_v before_o paulinus_n be_v revoke_v by_o a_o general_a rebellion_n of_o all_o britain_n but_o as_o in_o a_o purpose_n not_o prepense_a before_o vessel_n be_v want_v the_o policy_n and_o resoluteness_n of_o the_o captain_n devise_v a_o passage_n over_o cause_v the_o most_o choice_n of_o the_o auxiliary_n to_o who_o all_o the_o shallows_n be_v know_v and_o who_o after_o the_o use_n of_o their_o country_n be_v able_a in_o swim_v to_o govern_v themselves_o with_o their_o armour_n and_o horse_n lay_v aside_o their_o carriage_n to_o put_v over_o at_o once_o and_o sudden_o to_o invade_v they_o which_o thing_n so_o amaze_v the_o enemy_n who_o suppose_v they_o will_v pass_v over_o by_o ship_n and_o therefore_o attend_v for_o a_o fleet_n and_o the_o tide_n that_o they_o believe_v verily_a nothing_o can_v be_v hard_a or_o invincible_a to_o man_n that_o come_v so_o resolute_a to_o war_n whereupon_o they_o humble_o entreat_v for_o peace_n and_o yield_v the_o island_n thus_o by_o this_o service_n agricola_n become_v famous_a indeed_o and_o of_o great_a reputation_n many_o age_n after_o it_o be_v conquer_a by_o the_o english_a man_n and_o take_v their_o name_n as_o be_v call_v in_o old_a time_n in_o the_o saxon_n language_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d now_o common_o anglesey_n as_o one_o will_v say_v the_o english_a man_n island_n but_o see_v that_o humphrey_n lhuid_n in_o a_o very_a learned_a epistle_n to_o that_o learned_a ortelius_n have_v restore_v this_o island_n to_o the_o due_a name_n and_o dignity_n there_o be_v no_o reason_n that_o any_o man_n here_o shall_v require_v my_o diligence_n yet_o thus_o much_o will_v i_o add_v unto_o the_o rest_n when_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o britain_n now_o be_v in_o decline_v and_o go_v downward_o some_o out_o of_o ireland_n enter_v in_o by_o stealth_n into_o this_o isle_n also_o and_o nestle_v there_o for_o beside_o certain_a mount_n of_o earth_n entrench_v about_o which_o they_o call_v the_o irish_a man_n cottage_n there_o be_v a_o place_n also_o name_v yn_n hericy_n gwidil_n of_o the_o irish_a man_n who_o as_o we_o find_v it_o record_v in_o the_o book_n of_o triades_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o sirigus_n put_v the_o britan_n to_o flight_n in_o that_o place_n neither_o be_v it_o grievous_o infest_a only_a by_o the_o english_a man_n but_o also_o by_o the_o norvegian_o likewise_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o redemption_n 1000_o king_n aethelreds_n fleet_n have_v skour_v the_o sea_n round_o about_o the_o say_a isle_n waste_v it_o in_o all_o hostile_a manner_n after_o this_o the_o two_o norman_a hughes_n the_o one_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o the_o other_o earl_n of_o shrewsburie_n great_o afflict_v it_o and_o build_v castle_n aber-llienioc_a for_o to_o restrain_v and_o keep_v under_o the_o inhabitant_n but_o magnus_n the_o norwegian_a arrive_v here_o at_o the_o very_a same_o time_n shoot_v the_o say_v hugh_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n through_o with_o a_o arrow_n and_o after_o he_o have_v ransack_v the_o island_n depart_v the_o english_a man_n moreover_o afterward_o from_o time_n to_o time_n invade_v it_o until_o that_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o bring_v it_o whole_o under_o his_o subjection_n there_o be_v in_o ancient_a time_n reckon_v in_o it_o 363._o village_n and_o even_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v well_o people_v the_o principal_a town_n therein_o at_o this_o time_n be_v beaumarish_n which_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o build_v in_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o isle_n upon_o a_o marish_a ground_n and_o for_o the_o situation_n thereof_o give_v it_o this_o goodly_a fair_a name_n whereas_o before_o time_n it_o be_v call_v bonover_n who_o also_o fortify_v it_o with_o a_o castle_n which_o notwithstanding_o may_v seem_v never_o to_o have_v be_v finish_v the_o governor_n whereof_o be_v the_o right_n worshipful_a sir_n richard_n bulkley_n knight_n who_o courtesy_n towards_o i_o when_o i_o come_v to_o visit_v these_o place_n i_o can_v choose_v but_o evermore_o acknowledge_v with_o most_o hearty_a thankfulness_n lhan-vays_a hard_o unto_o beaumarish_a lie_v lhan-vays_a a_o famous_a religious_a house_n in_o time_n pass_v of_o the_o friar_n minor_n unto_o who_o the_o king_n of_o england_n show_v themselves_o very_o bountiful_a patron_n as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o friar_n holiness_n who_o there_o converse_v as_o also_o because_o there_o that_o i_o may_v speak_v out_o of_o
and_o recover_v this_o tract_n or_o province_n which_o before_o have_v be_v lose_v but_o these_o ancient_a name_n be_v quite_o wear_v out_o of_o use_n in_o the_o english_a saxon_a war_n and_o all_o the_o country_n lie_v north_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n call_v humber_n begin_v by_o a_o saxon_a name_n to_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n which_o name_n notwithstanding_o be_v now_o clean_o go_v in_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o shire_n remain_v still_o as_o it_o be_v survive_v in_o northumberland_n only_o which_o when_o that_o state_n or_o kingdom_n stand_v be_v know_v to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bernicia_n which_o have_v peculiar_a petty_a king_n and_o reach_v from_o the_o river_n tees_n to_o edinburgh_n frith_n northhumberland_n north-umber-land_n which_o the_o english_a saxon_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d lie_v after_o a_o sort_n enclose_v in_o fashion_n of_o a_o triangle_n but_o not_o with_o equal_a side_n the_o south_n side_n be_v shut_v in_o with_o derwent_n run_v into_o tine_n and_o with_o tine_n itself_o where_o it_o but_v upon_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n the_o east_n side_n the_o german_a sea_n lie_v and_o beat_v upon_o it_o but_o the_o west_n side_n which_o reach_v out_o from_o south-west_n to_o north-east_n be_v first_o part_v from_o cumber-land_n afterward_o with_o cheviot_n and_o hill_n link_v one_o to_o another_o and_o last_o with_o the_o river_n twede_v it_o affront_v scotland_n and_o so_o be_v the_o limit_n of_o both_o kingdom_n over_o which_o be_v set_v in_o this_o county_n two_o governor_n the_o one_o call_v l._n warden_n of_o the_o middle_a march_n march_n the_o other_o of_o the_o east_n march_v the_o ground_n itself_o for_o the_o most_o part_n rough_a and_o hard_o to_o be_v manure_v seem_v to_o have_v harden_v the_o inhabitant_n who_o the_o scot_n their_o neighbour_n also_o make_v more_o fierce_a and_o hardy_a while_o sometime_o they_o keep_v they_o exercise_v in_o war_n and_o other_o while_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n intermingle_v their_o manner_n among_o they_o so_o that_o by_o these_o mean_v they_o be_v a_o most_o warlike_a nation_n rank-rider_n and_o excellent_a good_a light-horseman_n and_o whereas_o they_o addict_v themselves_o as_o it_o be_v whole_o to_o mars_n and_o arm_n there_o be_v not_o a_o man_n among_o they_o of_o the_o better_a sort_n northumberland_n that_o have_v not_o his_o little_a tower_n or_o pile_n and_o so_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o a_o number_n of_o barony_n the_o lord_n whereof_o in_o time_n past_a before_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o his_o day_n go_v common_o under_o the_o name_n baron_n although_o some_o of_o they_o be_v of_o no_o great_a live_n but_o a_o wise_a and_o politic_a device_n this_o be_v of_o our_o ancestor_n to_o cherish_v and_o maintain_v martial_a prowess_n among_o they_o in_o the_o march_n of_o the_o kingdom_n if_o it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o with_o a_o honourable_a bare_a title_n howbeit_o this_o title_n come_v to_o nothing_o among_o they_o what_o time_n as_o under_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o those_o only_o begin_v to_o enjoy_v the_o name_n and_o honour_n of_o baron_n who_o the_o king_n summon_v unto_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n by_o special_a summons_n towards_o the_o sea_n and_o tine_n by_o diligence_n and_o good_a husbandry_n it_o become_v very_o fruitful_a but_o elsewhere_o it_o be_v more_o barren_a rough_a and_o as_o it_o be_v unmanurable_a and_o in_o many_o place_n those_o stone_n lithanthraces_n sea-coal_n which_o we_o call_v sea-coal_n be_v dig_v up_o in_o great_a plenty_n to_o the_o great_a gain_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o commodity_n of_o other_o the_o hithermore_o part_n bend_v towards_o the_o south-west_n hexam-shire_n and_o call_v hexam-shire_n acknowledge_v a_o long_a time_n the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n for_o the_o lord_n thereof_o and_o challenge_v unto_o itself_o by_o what_o right_a i_o know_v not_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o county_n palatine_n but_o after_o it_o become_v of_o late_o annex_v unto_o the_o crown_n land_n upon_o a_o exchange_n make_v with_o robert_n the_o archbishop_n by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v lay_v unto_o the_o county_n of_o northumberland_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o jurisdiction_n and_o in_o all_o cause_n have_v recourse_n unto_o the_o high_a sheriff_n thereof_o south_n tine_n a_o river_n so_o call_v south-tine_n if_o we_o may_v believe_v our_o britan_n for_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o narrow_a bank_n he_o be_v straight_o pen_v in_o for_o so_o signify_v tin_n as_o they_o say_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n have_v his_o spring_n head_n in_o cumberland_n near_o unto_o alsten-more_a where_o there_o be_v a_o ancient_a copper_n i_o hold_v on_o his_o course_n by_o lambley_n sometime_o a_o nunnery_n build_v by_o the_o lucy_n and_o now_o with_o flood_n for_o the_o most_o part_n undermine_v and_o fall_v down_o also_o by_o fetherston-haugh_a the_o seat_n of_o the_o ancient_a and_o well_o descend_v family_n of_o fetherston_n when_o he_o be_v come_v as_o far_o as_o bellister_n castle_n turn_v eastward_o run_v direct_o forward_a with_o the_o wall_n which_o be_v in_o no_o place_n three_o mile_n distant_a from_o it_o towards_o the_o north._n for_o the_o wall_n have_v leave_v cumberland_n behind_o it_o and_o cross_v over_o the_o irthing_n pass_v likewise_o with_o a_o arch_n over_o the_o swift_a riveret_n poltrosse_n where_o i_o see_v within_o the_o wall_n high_a mount_v of_o earth_n cast_v up_o as_o it_o be_v to_o over_o look_n and_o discover_v the_o country_n near_o this_o stand_v thirl-wale_a castle_n which_o be_v not_o great_a but_o strong_o build_v yet_o it_o give_v both_o habitation_n and_o surname_n to_o the_o ancient_a and_o noble_a family_n which_o be_v first_o call_v wade_n where_o the_o pict_n and_o scottish_n make_v their_o passage_n into_o the_o province_n between_o irthing_n and_o tine_n and_o that_o very_o upon_o good_a forecast_n in_o that_o place_n where_o they_o have_v free_a entrance_n by_o reason_n of_o no_o river_n in_o their_o way_n fordon_n into_o the_o inmore_o part_n of_o england_n but_o you_o shall_v better_o understand_v this_o and_o the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n out_o of_o john_n fordon_n the_o scottish_a historian_n who_o word_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o as_o i_o think_v to_o set_v down_o here_o because_o the_o book_n be_v not_o every_o where_o to_o be_v have_v the_o scot_n say_v he_o when_o by_o conquest_n they_o have_v get_v the_o possession_n of_o those_o country_n scotochronicon_a which_o be_v on_o this_o side_n the_o wall_n towards_o scotland_n begin_v to_o inhabit_v they_o and_o have_v of_o a_o sudden_a raise_v a_o sort_n of_o the_o country_n people_n with_o their_o mattock_n pickax_n rake_n three_o tined_a fork_n and_o spade_n make_v wide_a gap_n and_o a_o number_n of_o hole_n in_o it_o by_o which_o breach_n they_o may_v pass_v in_o &_o out_o ready_o at_o their_o pleasure_n of_o those_o hole_n therefore_o this_o mound_n of_o the_o wall_n afterward_o take_v the_o name_n thirlwall_n which_o it_o have_v at_o this_o day_n in_o this_o place_n for_o in_o the_o english_a tongue_n that_o very_a place_n be_v call_v thirlwall_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o a_o wall_n pierce_v through_o then_o see_v we_o blenkensop_n which_o give_v name_n unto_o a_o generous_a family_n as_o also_o their_o habitation_n in_o a_o right_n pleasant_a country_n southward_o which_o be_v part_n of_o the_o barony_n of_o sir_n nicholas_n of_o bolteby_n a_o baron_n of_o renown_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o vorran_n when_o you_o be_v past_a thirlwall_n the_o say_a wall_n open_v itself_o unto_o the_o rage_a river_n tippall_v where_o in_o the_o descent_n of_o a_o hill_n a_o little_a within_o the_o wall_n be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o ground_n work_n of_o a_o castle_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o form_n four_o square_a every_o side_n whereof_o take_v a_o hundred_o and_o forty_o pace_n the_o very_a foundation_n likewise_o of_o house_n and_o track_n of_o street_n still_o appear_v most_o evident_o to_o the_o beholder_n the_o ranke-rider_n or_o take_v man_n of_o the_o border_n do_v report_n that_o a_o great_a port-way_n pave_v with_o flint_n and_o big_a stone_n lead_v from_o hence_o through_o waste_n unto_o maiden_n castle_n in_o stanemore_n certes_o it_o pass_v direct_o to_o kirkby_n thor_n whereof_o i_o speak_v a_o poor_a old_a woman_n that_o dwell_v in_o a_o little_a poor_a cottage_n hard_o by_o show_v unto_o we_o a_o ancient_a little_a altar-stone_n in_o testimony_n of_o some_o vow_n with_o this_o inscription_n unto_o vitirineus_n a_o tutelar_a god_n as_o it_o seem_v of_o the_o place_n deo_fw-la viti_n rind_n limeo_fw-la rov_n merito_fw-la p._n l._n m._n this_o place_n be_v now_o name_v caer_n vorran_n what_o
big_a and_o large_a as_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o match_v with_o a_o city_n vicina_fw-la neither_o go_v it_o for_o any_o other_o but_o a_o castle_n when_o king_n william_n rufus_n have_v raise_v over_o against_o it_o a_o tower_n call_v mal-voisin_a give_v assault_v continual_o to_o mowbray_n while_o he_o rebel_v and_o lurk_v there_o who_o at_o length_n privy_o steal_v away_o &_o escape_v by_o flight_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o beauty_n thereof_o be_v lose_v long_a time_n after_o in_o the_o civil_a war_n when_o bressie_n the_o norman_a redoubt_a soldier_n who_o side_v with_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n exercise_v his_o rage_n against_o it_o very_o outrageous_o since_o than_o it_o have_v be_v sore_o beat_v with_o time_n and_o the_o wind_n together_o which_o have_v blow_v by_o drift_n a_o incredible_a deal_n of_o sand_n of_o the_o sea_n into_o the_o fortress_n viscount_n hereto_o adjoin_v emildon_n sometime_o the_o barony_n of_o john_n le_fw-fr viscont_n but_o rametta_n the_o heir_n of_o that_o house_n sell_v away_o the_o possession_n to_o simon_n de_fw-fr montfort_n earl_n of_o leicester_n 1300._o in_o this_o be_v bear_v john_n duns_n call_v scotus_n because_o he_o be_v descend_v of_o scotish_n blood_n who_o be_v bring_v up_o in_o merton_n college_n at_o oxford_n become_v wonderful_a well_o learned_a in_o logic_n and_o in_o that_o crabbed_a and_o intricate_a divinity_n of_o those_o day_n yet_o as_o one_o still_o doubtful_a and_o unresolved_a he_o do_v overcast_v the_o truth_n of_o religion_n with_o mist_n of_o obscurity_n and_o with_o so_o profound_a and_o admirable_a subtlety_n in_o a_o dark_a and_o rude_a stile_n he_o write_v many_o work_n that_o he_o deserve_v the_o title_n of_o the_o subtle_a doctor_n and_o after_o his_o own_o name_n erect_v a_o new_a sect_n of_o the_o scotist_n but_o he_o die_v pitiful_o be_v take_v with_o a_o apoplexy_n and_o overhasty_o bury_v for_o dead_a while_o upon_o return_n of_o life_n nature_n though_o too_o late_o be_v about_o to_o discuss_v the_o violence_n of_o the_o disease_n and_o he_o make_v mean_n in_o vain_a by_o a_o lamentable_a noise_n to_o call_v for_o help_v after_o he_o have_v a_o long_a time_n knock_v his_o head_n against_o the_o grave_a stone_n dash_v out_o his_o own_o brain_n and_o at_o last_o yield_v up_o his_o vital_a breath_n whereupon_o a_o certain_a italian_a write_v thus_o of_o he_o doctorum_fw-la quaecunque_fw-la humani_fw-la fuerant_fw-la jurisque_fw-la sacrati_fw-la in_o dubium_fw-la veniunt_fw-la cuncta_fw-la vocante_fw-la scoto_n quid_fw-la quod_fw-la &_o in_fw-la dubium_fw-la illius_fw-la sit_fw-la vita_fw-la vocata_fw-la morte_fw-la illum_fw-la simili_fw-la ludificante_fw-la strophâ_fw-la quum_fw-la non_fw-la ante_fw-la virum_fw-la vitâ_fw-la jugularit_fw-la ademptâ_fw-la quam_fw-la vivus_fw-la tumulo_fw-la conditus_fw-la ille_fw-la foret_fw-la all_o learning_n teach_v in_o humane_a book_n and_o couch_v in_o holy_a writ_n dan_o scotus_n dark_a and_o doubtful_a make_v by_o subtlety_n of_o wit_n no_o marvel_v that_o to_o doubtful_a term_n of_o life_n himself_o be_v bring_v while_o with_o like_a wile_n and_o subtle_a trick_n death_n on_o his_o body_n wrought_v when_o as_o her_o stroke_n to_o kill_v outright_o she_o will_v not_o he_o vouchsafe_v until_o the_o man_n a_o piteous_a case_n be_v bury_v quick_a in_o grave_n that_o he_o be_v bear_v here_o in_o england_n i_o avouch_v it_o out_o of_o his_o own_o manuscript_n work_v in_o the_o library_n of_o merton_n college_n in_o oxford_n and_o upon_o their_o faithful_a testimony_n which_o conclude_v in_o this_o manner_n explicit_fw-la lectura_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v thus_o end_v the_o lecture_n of_o the_o subtle_a doctor_n in_o the_o university_n of_o paris_n john_n duns_n bear_v in_o a_o certain_a little_a village_n or_o hamlet_n within_o the_o parish_n of_o emildon_n call_v dunston_n in_o the_o county_n of_o northumberland_n pertain_v to_o the_o house_n of_o the_o scholar_n of_o merton_n hall_n in_o oxford_n on_o this_o shore_n forward_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v see_v worth_a relation_n but_o the_o holy_a island_n whereof_o i_o will_v write_v in_o due_a place_n until_o a_o man_n come_v to_o the_o mouth_n of_o twede_n which_o part_v england_n and_o scotland_n a_o great_a way_n asunder_o twede_o and_o be_v call_v the_o east_n limit_n and_o thereupon_o our_o necham_n thus_o write_v insinuate_v that_o the_o hither_o part_n of_o scotland_n be_v call_v pict-land_n anglos_n à _fw-la pictis_fw-la sejungit_fw-la limit_fw-la certo_fw-la flumen_n quod_fw-la tuedam_fw-la pristina_fw-la lingua_fw-la vocat_fw-la the_o river_n twede_o a_o certain_a bind_v divide_v *_o pict-land_n from_o english_a ground_n this_o river_n break_v forth_o at_o a_o number_n of_o spring_n out_o of_o the_o mountain_n of_o scotland_n wander_v a_o great_a while_n with_o many_o a_o crooked_a wind_a in_o and_o out_o among_o the_o ranke-rider_n and_o borderer_n to_o give_v they_o no_o worse_o term_n who_o manner_n be_v as_o one_o say_v to_o try_v their_o right_n by_o the_o sword_n point_n but_o when_o he_o be_v come_v hard_o to_o a_o village_n call_v carram_n carram_n wax_v a_o great_a deal_n big_a by_o reason_n of_o many_o water_n fall_v unto_o he_o he_o begin_v to_o distinguish_v the_o confine_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o when_o he_o have_v water_v werke_n werk_n a_o castle_n often_o assault_v by_o the_o scottish_a belong_v in_o time_n pass_v to_o the_o ross_n and_o now_o to_o the_o gray_n who_o by_o feat_n of_o arm_n have_v win_v much_o honour_n he_o be_v increase_v more_o with_o the_o stream_n of_o till_n a_o river_n that_o have_v two_o name_n for_o at_o the_o head_n bramish_a which_o be_v in_o the_o innermore_o part_n of_o this_o country_n it_o be_v call_v bramish_a and_o upon_o it_o stand_v bramton_n a_o little_a village_n very_o obscure_a and_o almost_o of_o no_o reckon_n from_o whence_o it_o go_v northward_o by_o bengeley_n bramton_n which_o together_o with_o brampton_n itself_o with_o broundum_fw-la rodam_n which_o have_v give_v name_n to_o a_o stock_n in_o this_o tract_n of_o good_a note_n edelingham_n etc._n etc._n be_v in_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o his_o time_n the_o barony_n of_o patrick_n earl_n of_o dunbar_n who_o also_o as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o book_n of_o inquisition_n be_v inborow_n and_o outborow_n between_o england_n and_o scotland_n signify_v that_o be_v to_o say_v if_o i_o mistake_v it_o not_o he_o be_v to_o allow_v and_o observe_v in_o this_o part_n the_o ingress_n and_o egress_n of_o those_o that_o travail_v too_o and_o fro_o between_o both_o realm_n for_o englishman_n in_o ancient_a time_n call_v in_o their_o language_n a_o entry_n and_o before_o court_n or_o gatehouse_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d high_a somewhat_o stand_v chevelingham_n now_o call_v chillingham_n hard_o by_o the_o river_n which_o like_a as_o horton_n not_o far_o distant_a from_o it_o have_v their_o castle_n belong_v to_o the_o grey_n ever_o since_o that_o those_o two_o family_n of_o the_o grey_n be_v conjoin_v in_o one_o by_o marriage_n there_o lie_v near_o unto_o it_o wollover_n wollover_n a_o barony_n which_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o give_v to_o robert_n 14._o muschampe_n who_o bear_v azure_a three_o butterfly_n or_o papilion_n argent_fw-fr of_o who_o race_n descend_v robert_n who_o in_o henry_n the_o three_o his_o reign_n be_v repute_v the_o mighty_a baron_n in_o these_o north_n part_n but_o the_o inheritance_n be_v quick_o dismember_v and_o part_v among_o the_o female_n one_o of_o who_o be_v marry_v unto_o the_o earl_n of_o stratherne_n in_o scotland_n a_o second_o to_o sir_n william_n de_fw-fr huntercombe_n and_o a_o three_o to_o odonell_n ford._n then_o the_o river_n of_o glen_n from_o out_o of_o the_o west_n augment_v till_o with_o his_o water_n and_o name_v the_o vale_n that_o he_o run_v through_o glendale_n touch_v this_o little_a river_n bede_n write_v thus_o paulinus_n come_v with_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n into_o a_o manor_n or_o house_n of_o the_o king_n call_v ad-gebrin_a at_o this_o day_n yeverin_n abide_v with_o they_o 36._o day_n there_o employ_v whole_o in_o the_o catechise_n and_o baptise_v during_o all_o which_o time_n he_o do_v nothing_o from_o morning_n but_o instruct_v the_o people_n resort_v to_o he_o in_o the_o save_a word_n of_o christ_n and_o be_v thus_o instruct_v he_o baptize_v they_o to_o the_o forgiveness_n of_o their_o sin_n in_o the_o river_n of_o glen_n which_o be_v hard_o by_o this_o house_n be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o succeed_a king_n neglect_v and_o another_o make_v for_o it_o in_o a_o place_n call_v melmin_n melfeld_n but_o at_o this_o day_n melfeld_n here_o within_o a_o little_a of_o brum-ridge_n brunford_n by_o brumeford_n k._n athelstan_n fight_v a_o pitch_a field_n with_o aulase_n the_o dane_n constantine_n k._n of_o scot_n and_o eugenius_n or_o owein_n prince_n of_o cumberland_n with_o so_o fortunate_a success_n that_o this_o battle_n be_v most_o famous_a far_o
see_v in_o his_o memorial_n the_o rhine_n in_o gaul_n and_o britan_n grim_a the_o far_a man_n of_o all_o argetecoxus_fw-la in_o the_o day_n of_o severus_n as_o we_o read_v in_o xiphilinus_n argetecox_n a_o petty_a prince_n reign_v over_o this_o tract_n who_o wife_n be_v rate_v and_o revile_v as_o a_o adulteress_n by_o julia_n the_o empress_n frank_o and_o bold_o make_v this_o answer_n we_o britain_n dame_n have_v to_o do_v with_o the_o brave_a and_o best_a man_n and_o you_o roman_a lady_n with_o every_o lewd_a base_a companion_n secret_o fife_n clarkmans_fw-mi in_o this_o large_a country_n of_o the_o caledonian_n beyond_o the_o territory_n of_o sterlin_n whereof_o i_o write_v last_o and_o two_o country_n or_o sheriffedome_n of_o less_o note_n clackmans_n over_o which_o a_o knight_n name_v the_o carsse_n and_o kinros_n over_o which_o the_o earl_n of_o morton_n be_v sheriff_n fife_n a_o most_o goodly_a biland_n wedge_v as_o it_o be_v between_o the_o two_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n forth_n and_o tau_n shoot_v out_o far_o into_o the_o east_n this_o land_n yield_v plenty_n of_o corn_n and_o forage_n yea_o and_o of_o pit_n coal_n the_o sea_n beside_o other_o fish_n afford_v oyster_n and_o shellfish_n in_o great_a abundance_n and_o the_o coast_n be_v well_o bespread_v with_o pretty_a townlet_n replenish_v with_o stout_a and_o lusty_a mariner_n in_o the_o south_n side_n hereof_o by_o forth_o first_o appear_v westward_o culros_a which_o give_v the_o title_n of_o a_o barony_n to_o sir_n i._o colvill_n then_o stand_v dunfermling_n dunfermling_n a_o famous_a monastery_n in_o old_a time_n both_o the_o build_n and_o burial_n place_n of_o king_n malcolm_n the_o three_o but_o now_o it_o give_v both_o name_n and_o honour_n of_o a_o earl_n unto_o sir_n alexander_n seton_n a_o most_o prudent_a counsellor_n who_o late_o james_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n worthy_o raise_v from_o baron_n of_o fivie_a to_o be_v earl_n of_o dunfermling_n kinghorn_n and_o lord_n chancellor_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o scotland_n then_o kinghorne_n stand_v hard_a upon_o the_o forth_o from_o which_o place_n sir_n patrick_n lion_n baron_n glamys_n late_o receive_v at_o the_o bountiful_a hand_n of_o king_n james_n the_o six_o the_o title_n and_o honour_n of_o a_o earl_n after_o this_o disert_fw-la there_o be_v upon_o the_o shore_n disert_fw-la situate_v on_o the_o rise_n of_o a_o hill_n from_o whence_o there_o lie_v a_o open_a heath_n of_o the_o same_o name_n where_o there_o be_v a_o good_a large_a place_n which_o they_o call_v the_o cole-plot_n that_o have_v great_a plenty_n of_o a_o earthy_a bitumen_n and_o partly_o burn_v to_o some_o damage_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n unto_o it_o adjoin_v ravins-heuch_a as_o one_o will_v say_v the_o steep_a hill_n of_o raven_n the_o habitation_n of_o the_o baron_n seincler_n above_o it_o the_o river_n levin_n hide_v himself_o in_o the_o forth_o levin_n which_o river_n run_v out_o of_o the_o lake_n levin_n wherein_o stand_v a_o castle_n of_o the_o douglass_n now_o earl_n of_o morton_n have_v at_o the_o very_a mouth_n of_o it_o wemmis_n castle_n wemmis_n the_o seat_n of_o a_o noble_a family_n bear_v the_o same_o surname_n which_o king_n james_n the_o six_o have_v of_o late_o honour_v with_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o baron_n from_o hence_o the_o shore_n draw_v back_o with_o a_o crooked_a and_o wind_a tract_n unto_o fif-nesse_a regulus_n that_o be_v the_o promontory_n or_o nose_n of_o fife_n above_o it_o saint_n andrews_n a_o archiepiscopall_a city_n have_v a_o fair_a prospect_n into_o the_o open_a main_a sea_n the_o more_o ancient_a name_n of_o the_o place_n as_o old_a memorial_n witness_v be_v regimund_n that_o be_v saint_n regulus_n mount_v in_o which_o we_o read_v thus_o oeng_v or_o ung_n king_n of_o the_o pict_n grant_v unto_o god_n and_o saint_n andrew_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v the_o chief_a and_o mother_n of_o all_o church_n in_o the_o pict_n kingdom_n afterwards_o there_o be_v place_v here_o a_o episcopal_a see_v the_o bishop_n whereof_o like_v as_o all_o the_o rest_n within_o the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n be_v consecrate_v by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n until_o at_o the_o intercession_n of_o king_n james_n the_o three_o by_o reason_n of_o so_o many_o war_n between_o the_o scottish_a and_o englishman_n pope_n sixtus_n the_o four_o ordain_v the_o bishop_n of_o saint_n andrew_n to_o be_v primate_n and_o metropolitan_a of_o all_o scotland_n and_o pope_n innocentius_n the_o eight_o bind_v he_o and_o his_o successor_n to_o the_o imitation_n and_o precedent_n of_o the_o metropolitan_a of_o canterbury_n 24._o in_o these_o word_n that_o in_o matter_n concern_v the_o archiepiscopall_a state_n they_o shall_v observe_v and_o firm_o hold_v the_o office_n droit_n and_o right_n of_o primacy_n and_o such_o like_a legacy_n and_o the_o free_a exercise_n thereof_o the_o honour_n charge_n and_o profit_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o perform_v inviolable_o the_o laudable_a custom_n of_o the_o famous_a metropolitan_a church_n of_o canterbury_n the_o archbishop_n whereof_o be_v legatus_fw-la natus_fw-la of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n howbeit_o before_o that_o laurence_n lundoris_fw-la and_o richard_n corvel_v doctor_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n public_o profess_v here_o good_a literature_n lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o university_n which_o now_o for_o happy_a increase_n of_o learned_a man_n for_o three_o college_n and_o the_o king_n professor_n in_o they_o be_v become_v high_o renown_v in_o commendation_n whereof_o master_n jonston_n the_o king_n professor_n there_o in_o divinity_n have_v make_v these_o verse_n fanum_n reguli_fw-la sive_fw-la andreapolis_n imminet_fw-la oceano_fw-la paribus_fw-la descripta_fw-la viarum_fw-la limitibus_fw-la pingui_fw-la quam_fw-la benè_fw-la septa_fw-la solo_fw-la magnificis_fw-la opibus_fw-la staret_fw-la dum_fw-la gloria_fw-la prisca_fw-la pontificum_fw-la hîc_fw-la fulsit_fw-la pontificalis_fw-la apex_n musarum_fw-la ostentat_fw-la surrecta_fw-la palatia_fw-la coelo_fw-la delicias_fw-la hominum_fw-la deliciasque_fw-la deûm_fw-la hîc_fw-la nemus_fw-la umbriferum_fw-la phoebi_fw-la nymphaeque_fw-la sorores_fw-la candida_fw-la quas_fw-la inter_fw-la praesitet_fw-la uranie_n quae_fw-la i_o longinquis_fw-la redeuntem_fw-la teutonis_fw-la oris_fw-la suscipit_fw-la excelso_fw-la collocat_fw-la inque_fw-la gradu_fw-la urbs_fw-la nimium_fw-la felix_fw-la musarum_fw-la si_fw-la bona_fw-la nôsset_fw-la munera_fw-la &_o aetherei_fw-la regna_fw-la beata_fw-la dei._n pelle_fw-la malas_fw-la pest_n urbe_fw-la &_o quae_fw-la noxia_fw-la musis_fw-la alme_n deus_fw-la coeant_fw-la pax_fw-la pietásque_fw-la simul_fw-la saint_n regulus_n or_o s._n andrews_n seat_v it_o be_v hard_o by_o the_o sea_n at_o even_a and_o equal_a bound_n of_o street_n how_o well_o enclose_v beside_o with_o fat_a and_o fertile_a ground_n whilom_o when_o prelate_n state_n be_v great_a and_o glorious_a withal_o there_o flourish_v here_o in_o sumptuous_a port_n a_o see_v pontifical_a now_o school_n it_o show_v and_o college_n both_o god_n and_o man_n delight_n to_o muse_n which_o be_v dedicate_v and_o build_v to_o stately_a height_n here_o phoebus_n have_v his_o shady_a grove_n here_o dwell_v the_o sister_n nine_o and_o chief_a of_o they_o the_o lady_n bright_a uranie_n divine_a who_o when_o i_o be_v return_v from_o far_a coast_n of_o germany_n with_o welcome_a kind_n here_o do_v i_o place_n in_o chair_n of_o high_a degree_n most_o happy_a town_n wist_v it_o what_o be_v the_o gift_n of_o learning_n true_a the_o bless_a kingdom_n if_o withal_o of_o god_n in_o heaven_n it_o know_v all_o plague_n good_a god_n all_o nocive_a thing_n to_o muse_n hence_o repel_v that_o in_o this_o city_n godliness_n and_o peace_n may_v joint_o dwell_v hard_o by_o there_o lose_v itself_o in_o the_o sea_n eden_n or_o ethan_n a_o little_a river_n which_o spring_v up_o near_o unto_o falkland_n belong_v in_o time_n pass_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o fife_n falkland_n but_o now_o a_o retire_a place_n of_o the_o king_n very_o well_o seat_v for_o hunt_a pleasure_n and_o disport_n run_v under_o a_o continue_a ridge_n of_o hill_n which_o divide_v this_o country_n in_o the_o midst_n by_o struthers_n a_o place_n so_o call_v of_o a_o reedplot_n a_o castle_n of_o the_o baron_n lindsey_n studer_n and_o by_o cupre_n cuper_fw-la a_o notable_a burrough_n where_o the_o sheriff_n sit_v to_o minister_v justice_n concern_v which_o the_o same_o i._o jonston_n have_v thus_o versify_v cuprum_fw-la fifae_n arva_n inter_fw-la nemorÃsque_fw-la umbras_fw-la &_o pascua_fw-la laeta_fw-la lenè_fw-la fluens_fw-la vitreis_fw-la labitur_fw-la eden_n aquis_fw-la hûc_fw-la veniat_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la gallorum_n â_fw-la finibus_fw-la hospes_fw-la gallica_n se_fw-la hîc_fw-la iterum_fw-la fortè_fw-la videre_fw-la putet_fw-la anne_n etiam_fw-la ingenium_fw-la hinc_fw-la &_o fervida_fw-la pectora_fw-la traxit_fw-la an_fw-mi potiùs_fw-la patriis_fw-la hauserit_fw-la illa_fw-la focis_fw-la by_o rich_a corn_n field_n by_o shady_a wood_n and_o pasture_n fresh_a among_o the_o river_n eden_n glide_v soft_a with_o crystal_n stream_n along_o hither_o to_o come_v from_o coast_n of_o france_n if_o any_o
stand_v in_o a_o dock_n near_o the_o tamis_n to_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o keel_n whereof_o a_o number_n of_o such_o little_a bird_n without_o life_n and_o feather_n stick_v close_o yet_o will_v i_o glad_o think_v that_o the_o generation_n of_o these_o bird_n be_v not_o out_o of_o the_o log_n of_o wood_n but_o from_o the_o very_a ocean_n which_o the_o poet_n term_v the_o father_n of_o all_o thing_n amber_n a_o mighty_a mass_n likewise_o of_o amber_n as_o big_a as_o the_o body_n of_o a_o horse_n be_v not_o many_o year_n since_o cast_v upon_o this_o shore_n the_o learned_a call_v it_o succinum_fw-la glessum_fw-la and_o chryso-electrum_n and_o sotacus_n suppose_v that_o it_o be_v a_o certain_a juice_n or_o liquor_n which_o distil_v out_o of_o tree_n in_o britain_n and_o run_v down_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v therein_o harden_a tacitus_n also_o be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n when_o he_o write_v thus_o i_o can_v very_o believe_v that_o like_o as_o there_o be_v tree_n in_o the_o secret_a and_o inward_a part_n of_o the_o east_n german_n which_o sweat_v out_o frankincense_n and_o balm_n so_o in_o the_o land_n and_o other_o country_n of_o the_o west_n there_o be_v wood_n and_o grove_n of_o a_o more_o fatty_a and_o firm_a substance_n which_o melt_v by_o the_o hot_a beam_n of_o the_o sun_n approach_v so_o near_o run_v into_o the_o sea_n hard_o by_o and_o by_o force_n of_o tempest_n float_v up_o to_o the_o shore_n against_o it_o but_o serapio_n and_o the_o philosopher_n of_o late_a time_n write_v that_o it_o arise_v out_o of_o a_o certain_a clammy_a and_o bituminous_a earth_n under_o the_o sea_n and_o by_o the_o sea_n side_n and_o that_o the_o billow_n and_o tempest_n cast_v up_o part_n thereof_o a_o land_n and_o fish_n devour_v the_o rest_n but_o i_o digress_v extravagant_o i_o will_v into_o my_o way_n again_o and_o since_o i_o acknowledge_v my_o fault_n let_v my_o confession_n purchase_v pardon_n buquhan_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n alexander_n the_o second_o alexander_n come_v rise_v up_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o earl_n of_o buquhan_n who_o marry_v the_o daughter_n and_o one_o of_o the_o heir_n of_o roger_n the_o quincie_n earl_n of_o winchester_n in_o england_n and_o his_o niece_n by_o a_o son_n bring_v the_o same_o title_n unto_o henry_n de_fw-fr beaumond_n her_o husband_n for_o he_o in_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o his_o day_n have_v his_o place_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n by_o the_o name_n of_o earl_n of_o buquhan_n afterward_o alexander_n stewart_n son_n to_o king_n robert_n the_o second_o be_v earl_n of_o this_o place_n unto_o who_o succeed_v john_n a_o young_a son_n of_o robert_n duke_n of_o albany_n who_o arrive_v in_o france_n with_o seven_o thousand_o scottishman_n to_o aid_n charles_n the_o seven_o king_n of_o france_n bear_v himself_o valiant_o and_o perform_v singular_a good_a service_n against_o the_o englishman_n and_o that_o with_o so_o great_a commendation_n as_o have_v victorious_o slay_v thomas_n duke_n of_o clarence_n brother_n to_o henry_n the_o five_o king_n of_o england_n at_o baugie_a and_o discomfit_v the_o english_a france_n he_o be_v make_v constable_n of_o france_n but_o in_o the_o three_o year_n follow_v when_o the_o fortune_n of_o war_n turn_v he_o with_o other_o most_o valiant_a knight_n to_o wit_n archibald_n douglasse_n earl_n of_o wigton_n and_o duke_n of_o touraine_n etc._n etc._n be_v vanquish_v at_o vernoil_n by_o the_o english_a and_o there_o slay_v who_o notwithstanding_o as_o that_o poet_n say_v aeternum_fw-la memorabit_fw-la gallia_n cives_fw-la grata_n suos_fw-la titulos_fw-la quae_fw-la dedit_fw-la &_o tumulos_fw-la france_n thankful_o will_v i_o recount_v as_o citizen_n of_o her_o own_o on_o who_o both_o title_n glorious_a and_o tomb_n she_o have_v bestow_v certes_o whereas_o under_o the_o k.k._n charles_n the_o six_o and_o seven_o france_n be_v preserve_v and_o aquitain_n recover_v by_o thrust_v out_o the_o english_a the_o frenchman_n can_v choose_v but_o acknowledge_v themselves_o much_o behold_v to_o the_o fidelity_n and_o fortitude_n of_o the_o scottish_a but_o afterward_o king_n james_n the_o first_o give_v the_o earldom_n of_o buquhan_n unto_o george_n of_o dunbar_n move_v thereto_o upon_o pity_n and_o commiseration_n because_o he_o have_v deprive_v he_o before_o of_o the_o earldom_n of_o march_n by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n for_o his_o father_n crime_n and_o not_o long_o after_o james_n the_o son_n of_o james_n stewart_n of_o lorn_n surname_v the_o black_a knight_n who_o he_o have_v by_o q._n joan_n sister_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o somerset_n and_o widow_n to_o king_n james_n the_o first_o obtain_v this_o honour_n and_o leave_v it_o to_o his_o posterity_n but_o for_o default_v not_o long_o since_o of_o heir_n male_a it_o come_v by_o a_o daughter_n marry_v to_o robert_n douglas_n a_o young_a brother_n of_o douglas_n of_o lochlevin_n to_o the_o family_n of_o the_o douglass_n from_o buquhan_n as_o the_o shore_n bend_v backward_o and_o turn_v full_a into_o the_o north_n lie_v boena_n strathbolgy_n and_o bamff_n a_o small_a sherifdome_n also_o ajuza_n a_o little_a territory_n of_o no_o especial_a account_n and_o rothamay_n castle_n the_o dwell_a place_n of_o the_o baron_n of_o salton_n surname_v abernethy_n beneath_o these_o lie_v strathbolgy_a that_o be_v the_o vale_n by_o bolgy_n the_o habitation_n in_o time_n pass_v of_o the_o earl_n of_o athol_n who_o of_o it_o assume_v their_o surname_n but_o now_o the_o principal_a seat_n of_o marquesse_n huntly_n huntly_n for_o this_o title_n k._n james_n the_o six_o confer_v upon_o george_n gordon_n earl_n huntly_n lord_n gordon_n and_o badzen_v a_o man_n of_o great_a honour_n and_o reputation_n for_o his_o ancient_a nobleness_n of_o birth_n and_o the_o multitude_n of_o his_o dependent_n and_o follower_n who_o ancestor_n descend_v from_o the_o seton_n by_o parliamentary_a authority_n take_v the_o name_n of_o gordon_n when_o as_o sir_n alexander_n seton_n have_v take_v to_o wife_n the_o daughter_n of_o sir_n john_n gordon_n knight_n by_o who_o he_o have_v a_o large_a and_o rich_a inheritance_n and_o receive_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o huntly_n at_o the_o hand_n of_o king_n james_n the_o second_o in_o the_o year_n 1449._o moravia_n or_o murray_n the_o vacomagi_n vararis_n remember_v by_o ptolomee_n ancient_o inhabit_v on_o the_o further_a side_n of_o crantz-baine-mountain_n which_o as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o continue_a range_n by_o hill_n hang_v one_o by_o another_o drive_v out_o his_o ridge_n with_o many_o a_o wind_a as_o far_o as_o to_o murray_n frith_n where_o now_o lie_v murray_n in_o latin_a moravia_n celebrate_v for_o the_o fertility_n pleasant_a site_n and_o commodity_n of_o fruitful_a tree_n by_o this_o province_n rosse_n spey_n a_o famous_a river_n make_v his_o issue_n into_o the_o sea_n wherein_o he_o lodge_v when_o he_o have_v water_v rothes_n castle_n whence_o the_o family_n of_o the_o lesleys_n take_v the_o title_n of_o earl_n ever_o since_o that_o k._n james_n the_o second_o confer_v the_o honour_n of_o earl_n of_o rothes_n upon_o sir_n george_n lesley_n concern_v this_o spey_n our_o poet_n necham_n have_v thus_o write_v spey_n loca_fw-la mutantis_fw-la praeceps_fw-la agitator_n arenae_fw-la inconstans_fw-la certas_fw-la nescit_fw-la habere_fw-la vias_fw-la officium_fw-la lintris_fw-la corbis_fw-la subit_fw-la hunc_fw-la regit_fw-la audax_fw-la cursus_fw-la labentis_fw-la nauta_fw-la fluenta_fw-la sequens_fw-la spey_n raise_v heap_n of_o sand_n amain_o that_o shift_v oft_o time_n their_o place_n inconstant_a he_o do_v change_v eftsoon_o and_o keep_v no_o certain_a race_n a_o panier_fw-ge serve_v here_o for_o a_o boat_n some_o venturous_a swain_n it_o guide_v who_o follow_v still_o the_o river_n course_n while_o down_o the_o stream_n it_o glide_v the_o river_n loxa_n mention_v by_o ptolomee_n loxa_n which_o now_o be_v call_v loss_n hide_v himself_o in_o the_o sea_n hard_o by_o near_o unto_o which_o elgina_n appear_v in_o which_o and_o in_o forres_n adjoin_v i._o of_o dunbar_n of_o cumnock_n descend_v from_o the_o stock_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n have_v his_o jurisdiction_n as_o sheriff_n by_o inheritance_n but_o where_o it_o be_v now_o ready_a to_o enter_v into_o the_o sea_n he_o find_v a_o more_o plain_a and_o soft_a soil_n and_o spread_v abroad_o into_o a_o mere_a full_a of_o swan_n wherein_o the_o herb_n olorina_fw-la plentiful_o grow_v he_o have_v spiny_a castle_n stand_v upon_o it_o spiny_a whereof_o now_o the_o first_o baron_n be_v alexander_n of_o the_o lineage_n of_o the_o lindsey_n like_v as_o kinlosse_n also_o a_o neighbour_n by_o sometime_o a_o famous_a monastery_n some_o call_v it_o kill-flos_a of_o certain_a flower_n miraculous_o there_o spring_v up_o on_o a_o sudden_a when_o the_o carcase_n of_o king_n duff_n murder_v and_o hide_a in_o the_o same_o place_n be_v find_v have_v also_o for_o the_o lord_n thereof_o edward_n brus_n m._n of_o the_o roll_n in_o
the_o mendicant_a friar_n as_o detest_a in_o christian_n such_o voluntary_a beg_n near_o to_o armach_n upon_o a_o rise_a hill_n remain_v the_o relic_n of_o a_o old_a castle_n owen-maugh_a they_o call_v it_o which_o be_v as_o they_o say_v the_o ancient_a habitation_n of_o the_o king_n of_o ulster_n more_o east_n glide_v the_o blackwater_n in_o the_o irish_a tongue_n more_o that_o be_v great_a which_o be_v the_o limit_n between_o this_o shire_n and_o tir-oen_n whereof_o i_o be_o to_o speak_v in_o due_a place_n in_o this_o country_n and_o about_o it_o mac-genis_a o_o hanlan_n o_o hagan_n and_o many_o of_o the_o sept_n of_o o-neal_n assume_v unto_o they_o sundry_a addition_n and_o by-name_n carry_v all_o the_o sway_n after_o a_o sort_n and_o over-rule_v the_o rest_n the_o county_z of_o down_o eastward_o now_o follow_v the_o county_n of_o down_o and_o that_o very_o large_a and_o fertile_a in_o soil_n stretch_v out_o even_o as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o irish_a sea_n reach_v on_o the_o north_n side_n to_o the_o lake_n eaugh_n by_o a_o new_a name_n call_v logh_n sidney_n and_o on_o the_o south_n to_o the_o county_n of_o louth_n from_o which_o the_o river_n newry_n sever_v it_o upon_o this_o river_n in_o the_o very_a first_o entrance_n into_o this_o shire_n within_o our_o remembrance_n sir_n nicolas_n bagnall_n mareschall_n of_o ireland_n who_o by_o his_o conduct_n achieve_v here_o divers_a exploit_n and_o reduce_v the_o country_n to_o more_o civility_n build_v and_o fortify_v a_o town_n of_o the_o same_o name_n hard_o by_o it_o the_o river_n call_v banthelesse_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o desert_n mountain_n of_o mourn_v pass_v through_o the_o country_n of_o eaugh_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o family_n of_o mac_n gynnis_n between_o who_o and_o the_o o_o neal_n who_o tyrannize_v in_o ulster_n there_o fall_v in_o time_n past_o a_o controversy_n whether_o they_o be_v vassal_n to_o o_o neal_n and_o whether_o they_o shall_v find_v their_o follower_n and_o soldier_n victual_n etc._n etc._n this_o kind_n of_o service_n they_o call_v bonoghty_a this_o have_v unto_o it_o a_o episcopal_a see_v at_o dromore_n above_o which_o at_o the_o edge_n of_o logh_n eaugh_n be_v the_o tract_n of_o kilwlto_n and_o kilwarny_n much_o encumber_v with_o wood_n and_o bog_n these_o lie_n inward_o but_o by_o the_o maritime_a coast_n the_o sea_n do_v so_o wind_v itself_o in_o and_o with_o sundry_a creek_n and_o bay_n encroach_v within_o the_o land_n yea_o and_o the_o logh_n and_o lake_n dilate_v itself_o beside_o dyffrin_n a_o valley_n full_a of_o wood_n the_o inheritance_n in_o old_a time_n of_o the_o mandevil_n afterward_o of_o the_o whites_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o it_o make_v two_o biland_n lecall_a southward_n and_o ardes_fw-la northward_o lecall_a a_o rich_a and_o battle_n ground_n bear_v out_o far_a into_o the_o east_n of_o any_o part_n of_o ireland_n and_o be_v the_o utmost_a promontory_n or_o cape_n thereof_o which_o the_o mariner_n now_o term_v saint_n johns_n foreland_n ptolomee_n call_v it_o isanium_fw-la promontory_n perhaps_o of_o the_o british_a word_n isa_n which_o signify_v low_a in_o the_o very_o straight_o whereof_o flourish_v dunum_n down_o whereof_o ptolomee_n also_o make_v mention_n though_o not_o in_o the_o right_a place_n now_o name_v down_o a_o town_n of_o very_o great_a antiquity_n and_o a_o bishop_n see_v renown_v by_o the_o tomb_n of_o saint_n patrick_n saint_n brigid_n and_o saint_n columb_n upon_o which_o be_v write_v this_o rude_a rhyme_a distichon_fw-la he_o tres_fw-fr in_o duno_n tumulo_fw-la tumulantur_fw-la in_o uno_fw-la brigida_n patricius_n atque_fw-la columba_n pius_fw-la at_o down_n these_o three_o lie_v bury_v in_o one_o tomb_n brigid_n patrick_n and_o that_o devout_a columb_n which_o monument_n of_o they_o as_o the_o bruit_n run_v be_v demolish_v by_o the_o lord_n leonard_n grey_n deputy_n under_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o and_o sure_o it_o be_v that_o when_o he_o be_v arraign_v for_o misgovern_v and_o condemn_v therefore_o to_o death_n among_o other_o imputation_n he_o be_v charge_v that_o he_o have_v profane_v this_o cathedral_n church_n of_o saint_n patrick_n sepulchre_n but_o as_o touch_v the_o sepulchre_n of_o saint_n patrick_n the_o religious_a priest_n be_v at_o variance_n like_v as_o the_o city_n of_o greece_n in_o time_n past_a strive_v about_o the_o native_a country_n of_o the_o poet_n homer_n these_o of_o down_o challenge_v it_o to_o themselves_o and_o that_o upon_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o verse_n aforesaid_a those_o of_o armagh_n put_v in_o their_o claim_n out_o of_o the_o word_n of_o saint_n bernard_n which_o erewhile_o i_o allege_v the_o monk_n of_o glastenbury_n in_o england_n aver_v it_o to_o be_v with_o they_o and_o that_o out_o of_o the_o old_a record_n and_o evidence_n of_o their_o abbey_n and_o some_o scot_n have_v likewise_o avouch_v that_o as_o he_o be_v bear_v near_o unto_o glasco_n so_o likewise_o he_o be_v inter_v there_o at_o kirk-patrick_n into_o this_o down_n sir_n john_n curcy_n that_o marshal_n englishman_n and_o for_o a_o warrior_n extraordinary_o devout_a to_o godward_o after_o he_o have_v bring_v this_o country_n in_o subjection_n unto_o he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o bring_v in_o the_o benedictine_n monk_n and_o he_o translate_v the_o monastery_n of_o cariche_n which_o mac_n neal_n mac_n eulef_n king_n of_o ulster_n have_v found_v in_o erinaich_n near_o unto_o s._n finins_n fountain_n into_o the_o isle_n call_v after_o his_o name_n ynis-curcy_a and_o endow_v the_o same_o with_o land_n assign_v for_o it_o for_o before_o time_n the_o monk_n of_o ireland_n as_o those_o of_o ancient_a time_n in_o egypt_n who_o manner_n and_o order_n that_o devour_v man_n congell_n that_o be_v by_o interpretation_n a_o fair_a pledge_n bring_v over_o into_o ireland_n be_v whole_o give_v to_o prayer_n earn_v for_o themselves_o and_o the_o poor_a their_o live_n with_o the_o labour_n of_o their_o own_o hand_n howbeit_o these_o monastical_a order_n and_o custom_n as_o all_o humane_a thing_n continue_v not_o long_o when_o their_o manner_n and_o carriage_n grow_v to_o be_v worse_o and_o riches_n have_v by_o little_a and_o little_a pollute_a piety_n which_o as_o a_o mother_n have_v former_o breed_v they_o robert_n abbot_n of_o molisime_n in_o burgundy_n study_v and_o endeavour_v earnest_o in_o time_n past_a to_o reduce_v and_o set_v on_o foot_n again_o the_o say_v ancient_a discipline_n monachoâ—um_fw-la and_o persuade_v his_o own_o disciple_n to_o live_v with_o their_o handy_a labour_n to_o leave_v tithe_n and_o oblation_n unto_o the_o priest_n that_o serve_v in_o the_o diocese_n to_o forbear_v wear_v of_o breeches_n make_v of_o weave_a cloth_n or_o of_o leather_n but_o they_o labour_v to_o the_o contrary_a refuse_v flat_o to_o go_v from_o the_o custom_n observe_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o the_o west_n part_n of_o the_o world_n which_o be_v know_v for_o certain_a to_o have_v be_v institute_v and_o ordain_v by_o saint_n maure_n scholar_n to_o saint_n benet_n and_o by_o saint_n columban_n but_o i_o have_v digress_v too_o far_o now_o will_v i_o return_v again_o by_o the_o seaside_n stand_v arglas_n where_o saint_n patrick_n by_o report_n found_v a_o church_n and_o strangford_n call_v in_o old_a time_n strandford_n a_o safe_a harbour_n where_o the_o river_n coin_n with_o a_o great_a and_o violent_a stream_n break_v into_o the_o sea_n near_o unto_o which_o in_o the_o biland_n lecale_n queen_n mary_n in_o her_o great_a bounty_n unto_o nobleman_n liberal_o give_v land_n unto_o the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n and_o here_o of_o the_o english_a race_n the_o russell_n audley_n whites_n and_o the_o bagnell_n who_o come_v thither_o last_o stout_o defend_v among_o the_o wild_a and_o fierce_a irish_a not_o without_o danger_n what_o they_o and_o their_o ancestor_n win_v in_o these_o part_n ardes_fw-la the_o other_o biland_n call_v the_o andes_n lie_v over_o against_o to_o the_o north_n sever_v with_o a_o small_a channel_n out_o of_o the_o logh-coin_n which_o on_o the_o west_n side_n enclose_v it_o like_v as_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o east_n side_n and_o the_o bay_n of_o knoc-fergus_n on_o the_o north._n you_o may_v resemble_v it_o to_o the_o bent_n of_o the_o arm_n which_o by_o a_o very_a narrow_a isthim_n or_o neck_n of_o land_n grow_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o island_n like_v as_o a_o arm_n to_o the_o shoulder_n the_o soil_n be_v every_o where_o pass_o good_a and_o bountiful_a but_o only_o in_o the_o mid_n where_o lie_v out_o for_o twelve_o mile_n or_o thereabouts_o in_o length_n a_o moist_a flat_a and_o boggy_a plain_n the_o shore_n be_v sufficient_o bespread_v with_o small_a village_n and_o in_o time_n past_a have_v a_o most_o renown_a monastery_n at_o the_o bay_n of_o knoc-fergus_n of_o the_o same_o institution_n order_n and_o name_n as_o be_v that_o right_a ancient_a and_o famous_a abbey_n in_o england_n near_o unto_o chester_n abbey_n i_o
lieutenant_n there_o 300._o mark_n and_o the_o parliament_n be_v adjourn_v eftsoon_o unto_o the_o monday_n after_o st._n ambrose_n day_n then_o rumour_n resound_v that_o the_o lord_n thomas_n fitz-iohn_n earl_n of_o desmund_n die_v at_o paris_n on_o st._n laurence_n feast_n day_n and_o be_v bury_v there_o at_o the_o friar_n preacher_n covent_n the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v present_a at_o his_o funeral_n after_o who_o succeed_v in_o that_o signiory_n james_n fitz-gerald_n his_o uncle_n by_o the_o father_n side_n who_o have_v three_o time_n thrust_v he_o out_o of_o his_o patrimony_n and_o lay_v a_o imputation_n upon_o he_o that_o he_o be_v a_o prodigal_a spendthrift_n and_o have_v waste_v his_o patrimony_n both_o in_o ireland_n and_o england_n and_o that_o he_o give_v or_o will_v give_v land_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n james_n at_o kernisham_n 1421._o the_o parliament_n begin_v upon_o prorogation_n the_o three_o time_n at_o dublin_n the_o monday_n after_o the_o feast_n of_o s._n ambrose_n and_o there_o certain_a person_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v send_v in_o message_n to_o the_o king_n as_o touch_v the_o redress_n of_o the_o land_n namely_o the_o archbishop_n of_o armagh_n and_o sir_n christopher_n preston_n knight_n at_o the_o same_o time_n richard_n o-hedian_a bishop_n of_o cassell_n be_v accuse_v by_o john_n gese_n bishop_n of_o lismore_n and_o waterford_n upon_o thirty_o article_n lay_v to_o his_o charge_n after_o all_o that_o he_o charge_v he_o that_o he_o make_v very_o much_o of_o the_o irish_a and_o love_v none_o of_o the_o english_a that_o he_o bestow_v no_o benefice_n upon_o any_o englishman_n and_o give_v order_n likewise_o unto_o other_o bishop_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o confer_v the_o least_o live_v that_o be_v upon_o they_o item_n that_o he_o counterfeit_v the_o king_n of_o england_n seal_n and_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n that_o he_o go_v about_o to_o make_v himself_o king_n of_o monster_n also_o that_o he_o take_v a_o ring_n away_o from_o the_o image_n of_o s._n patrick_n which_o the_o earl_n of_o desmund_n have_v offer_v and_o bestow_v it_o upon_o a_o harlot_n of_o he_o beside_o many_o other_o enormity_n which_o he_o exhibit_v in_o writing_n and_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o be_v much_o trouble_v between_o these_o twain_o now_o in_o the_o same_o parliament_n there_o be_v debate_n between_o adam_n pay_v bishop_n of_o clon_n and_o another_o prelate_n for_o that_o the_o say_v adam_n go_v about_o to_o unite_v the_o other_o church_n unto_o he_o but_o the_o other_o will_v not_o and_o so_o they_o be_v send_v and_o refer_v unto_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n and_o this_o parliament_n last_v 18._o day_n in_o the_o nones_n of_o may_n there_o be_v a_o slaughter_n commit_v by_o o-mordris_a upon_o the_o family_n or_o retinue_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o ormund_n lieutenant_n near_o unto_o the_o monastery_n of_o leys_n where_o be_v slay_v of_o the_o english_a 27._o the_o principal_a party_n be_v purcell_n and_o grant_n then_o gentleman_n of_o good_a birth_n be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o 200._o flee_v unto_o the_o foresay_a monastery_n and_o so_o be_v save_v in_o the_o ides_n of_o may_n die_v sir_n john_n bodley_n knight_n and_o geoffrey_n galon_n sometime_o mayor_n of_o dublin_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o house_n of_o the_o preach_a friar_n of_o the_o same_o city_n about_o this_o time_n mac-mahon_n a_o irishman_n play_v the_o devil_n in_o urgal_n waste_v and_o burn_v where_o ever_o he_o go_v the_o seven_o of_o june_n the_o lieutenant_n enter_v into_o the_o country_n to_o wit_n of_o leys_n against_o o-mordis_a and_o lead_v thither_o a_o most_o puissant_a army_n have_v the_o kill_n of_o his_o enemy_n for_o four_o day_n together_o and_o until_o the_o irish_a promise_v all_o peace_n and_o quietness_n upon_o the_o feast_n of_o michael_n the_o archangel_n thomas_n stanley_n accompany_v with_o all_o the_o knight_n and_o squire_n of_o meth_n and_o iriel_n take_v moyle_n o-downyll_a prisoner_n and_o slay_v other_o in_o the_o 14._o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o his_o reign_n thus_o far_o forth_o be_v continue_v the_o annal_n of_o ireland_n which_o come_v to_o my_o hand_n and_o upon_o which_o i_o have_v bestow_v these_o few_o page_n to_o gratify_v they_o that_o may_v delight_v therein_o as_o for_o the_o nice_a and_o dainty_a reader_n who_o will_v have_v all_o write_n try_v to_o the_o touch_n of_o augustus_n his_o day_n i_o know_v they_o can_v yield_v no_o please_a relish_n to_o they_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o harsh_a word_n and_o the_o sapless_a dry_a stile_n familiar_a unto_o that_o age_n wherein_o they_o be_v pen_v nevertheless_o i_o will_v have_v those_o to_o remember_v that_o history_n both_o bear_v brook_v and_o require_v the_o author_n of_o all_o age_n also_o that_o they_o be_v to_o look_v as_o well_o for_o real_a and_o substantial_a knowledge_n from_o some_o as_o for_o the_o verbal_a and_o literal_a learning_n from_o other_o the_o smaller_n land_n in_o the_o british_a ocean_n now_o will_v i_o at_o length_n weigh_v anchor_n and_o set_v sail_n out_o of_o ireland_n and_o launch_v forth_o take_v survey_n of_o the_o land_n scatter_v here_o and_o there_o along_o the_o coast_n of_o britain_n if_o i_o dare_v repose_v any_o trust_n in_o myself_o or_o if_o i_o be_v of_o any_o sufficiency_n i_o will_v shape_v my_o course_n to_o every_o one_o but_o since_o it_o be_v my_o purpose_n to_o discover_v and_o enlighten_v antiquity_n such_o as_o be_v obscure_a and_o of_o less_o account_n i_o will_v light_o coast_n by_o and_o those_o that_o carry_v any_o ancient_a name_n and_o reckon_n above_o the_o rest_n i_o will_v enter_v and_o visit_v yea_o and_o make_v some_o short_a stay_n in_o they_o that_o now_o at_o last_o in_o a_o good_a and_o happy_a hour_n they_o may_v recover_v their_o ancienty_n again_o and_o that_o in_o this_o voyage_n i_o may_v at_o first_o set_v out_o orderly_o and_o take_v a_o straight_a and_o direct_a course_n i_o will_v to_o begin_v sail_v out_o of_o ireland_n into_o the_o severn_n sea_n and_o by_o the_o irish_a sea_n after_o i_o have_v double_v the_o utmost_a point_n of_o scotland_n follow_v my_o course_n down_o into_o the_o german_a ocean_n and_o so_o from_o thence_o through_o the_o british_a sea_n which_o extend_v as_o far_o as_o to_o spain_n hold_v on_o my_o race_n as_o prosperous_o as_o i_o can_v but_o i_o be_o afraid_a lest_o this_o my_o ship_n of_o antiquity_n steere_v by_o i_o so_o unskilful_a a_o pilot_n either_o run_v and_o be_v split_v upon_o the_o rock_n of_o error_n or_o else_o be_v overwhelm_v with_o the_o wave_n of_o ignorance_n yet_o venture_v i_o must_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v antiphilus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v adventure_n be_v a_o good_a sea_n captain_n and_o he_o that_o sail_v the_o same_o voyage_n a_o second_o time_n may_v haply_o speed_v much_o better_a and_o finish_v his_o desire_a course_n first_o and_o foremost_a because_o it_o seem_v not_o impertinent_a to_o my_o matter_n i_o will_v set_v down_o what_o plutarch_n out_o of_o a_o fabulous_a narration_n of_o demetrius_n who_o seem_v to_o have_v live_v in_o hadrian_o time_n report_v general_o as_o touch_v the_o land_n lie_v near_o to_o britain_n demetrius_n make_v report_n that_o most_o of_o those_o land_n which_o coast_n upon_o britain_n lie_v desert_n desolate_a and_o scatter_v here_o and_o there_o whereof_o somewere_n dedicate_v to_o the_o daemon_n and_o hero_n also_o that_o himself_o by_o commission_n from_o the_o emperor_n sail_v towards_o one_o that_o be_v near_a of_o those_o desert_n isle_n for_o to_o know_v and_o discover_v somewhat_o the_o which_o he_o find_v to_o have_v in_o a_o few_o inhabitant_n and_o those_o he_o understand_v be_v repute_v by_o the_o britan_n sacred_a and_o inviolable_a within_o a_o while_n after_o he_o be_v land_v there_o the_o air_n and_o weather_n as_o he_o say_v become_v foul_o trouble_v many_o portenteous_a sign_n be_v give_v by_o terrible_a tempest_n with_o extra-ordinary_a storm_n flash_v and_o violent_a lightning_n and_o fiery_a impression_n which_o after_o they_o be_v appease_v the_o islander_n certify_v he_o that_o some_o one_o of_o great_a eminency_n be_v dead_a and_o a_o little_a after_o now_o he_o say_v moreover_o that_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a island_n there_o wherein_o saturn_n be_v by_o briareus_n close_v up_o and_o keep_v in_o prison_n sound_v asleep_a for_o sleep_n be_v the_o mean_n to_o hold_v he_o captive_a about_o who_o person_n there_o be_v many_o daemon_n at_o his_o foot_n that_o stand_v attend_v as_o servitor_n thus_o they_o take_v pleasure_n in_o old_a time_n as_o now_o also_o at_o this_o day_n bold_o to_o devise_v strange_a wonder_n and_o tale_n of_o place_n far_o remote_a in_o a_o certain_a secure_a vein_n of_o lie_v as_o it_o be_v by_o authority_n in_o the_o narrow_a sea_n
by_o all_o but_o when_o the_o nation_n from_o the_o north_n like_o violent_a tempest_n overflow_v these_o south_n part_n it_o become_v subject_a to_o the_o scot_n for_o under_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n and_o arcadius_n as_o we_o read_v in_o orosius_n it_o be_v inhabit_v as_o well_o as_o ireland_n by_o the_o scottish_a nation_n and_o ninnius_n have_v write_v that_o one_o biule_n a_o scot_n be_v lord_n of_o it_o but_o as_o the_o same_o writer_n record_v the_o scot_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o all_o the_o british_a country_n and_o land_n by_o cuneda_n grandfather_n of_o maglocunus_fw-la who_o gildas_n for_o the_o foul_a work_n that_o he_o make_v in_o these_o land_n term_v the_o dragon_n of_o the_o iles._n after_o this_o edwin_n king_n of_o northumberland_n bring_v this_o island_n like_v as_o the_o foresay_a anglesey_n under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o english_a if_o we_o understand_v they_o both_o by_o the_o name_n of_o menaviae_fw-la as_o writer_n persuade_v we_o at_o which_o time_n it_o be_v reckon_v a_o island_n of_o the_o britan_n but_o when_o the_o north_n have_v send_v abroad_o his_o brood_n the_o second_o time_n i_o mean_v the_o norman_n dane_n and_o norwegian_n these_o norwegian_n who_o with_o their_o manifold_a robbery_n and_o rovery_n do_v most_o hurt_v from_o the_o northern_a sea_n take_v up_o their_o haunt_n into_o this_o island_n and_o the_o hebrides_n and_o therein_o erect_v lord_n and_o petty_a king_n who_o brief_a history_n i_o will_v here_o put_v down_o word_n for_o word_n out_o of_o a_o old_a manuscript_n lest_o it_o shall_v be_v utter_o lose_v which_o be_v entitle_v the_o chronicle_n of_o man_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v write_v by_o the_o monk_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o russin_n which_o be_v the_o principal_a place_n of_o religion_n in_o this_o isle_n a_o chronicle_n of_o the_o king_n of_o man._n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la mlxv_o edward_n of_o bless_a memory_n king_n of_o england_n depart_v this_o life_n after_o who_o succeed_v in_o the_o kingdom_n harald_n the_o son_n of_o godwin_n against_o who_o harald_n harfager_n king_n of_o norway_n come_v into_o the_o field_n and_o fight_v a_o battle_n at_o stainford-bridge_n and_o the_o english_a obtain_v the_o victory_n put_v they_o all_o to_o flight_n out_o of_o which_o chase_n godr_v surname_v crovan_n the_o son_n of_o harald_n the_o black_a of_o iseland_n come_v unto_o godred_a the_o son_n of_o syrric_n who_o then_o reign_v in_o man_n and_o by_o he_o be_v honourable_o receive_v the_o same_o year_n william_n the_o bastard_z conquer_a england_n and_o godr_v the_o son_n of_o syrric_n die_v after_o who_o succeed_v his_o son_n fingal_n mlxvi_o godred_a crovan_n assemble_v a_o great_a fleet_n and_o come_v to_o man_n fight_v with_o the_o people_n of_o the_o land_n but_o be_v overcome_v and_o put_v to_o rout_n a_o second_o time_n he_o rally_v his_o force_n and_o his_o fleet_n sail_v into_o man_n join_v battle_n with_o the_o manksman_n be_v vanquish_v and_o drive_v out_o of_o the_o field_n a_o three_o time_n he_o gather_v a_o great_a multitude_n together_o and_o by_o night_n arrive_v in_o the_o haven_n call_v ramsa_n and_o hide_v three_o hundred_o man_n within_o a_o wood_n which_o stand_v upon_o the_o hang_a hollow_a brow_n of_o a_o hill_n call_v scacafel_n now_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v rise_v the_o manksman_n put_v their_o people_n in_o order_n of_o battle_n and_o with_o a_o violent_a charge_n encounter_v with_o godred_a and_o when_o the_o fight_n be_v hot_a those_o three_o hundred_o man_n start_v out_o of_o the_o ambush_n behind_o their_o back_n begin_v to_o foil_v the_o manksman_n and_o put_v they_o to_o the_o worst_a yea_o and_o force_v they_o to_o fly_v now_o when_o they_o see_v themselves_o discomfit_v and_o no_o place_n for_o they_o of_o refuge_n to_o escape_v for_o the_o sea_n water_n come_v in_o with_o the_o tide_n have_v fill_v the_o channel_n of_o ramsa_n river_n and_o the_o enemy_n on_o the_o other_o side_n follow_v the_o chase_n hard_o they_o that_o then_o remain_v alive_a take_v up_o a_o pitiful_a cry_n and_o beseech_v godr_v to_o save_v their_o life_n and_o he_o move_v with_o compassion_n pity_v their_o woeful_a calamity_n as_o who_o for_o a_o certain_a time_n have_v be_v nurse_v and_o bring_v up_o among_o they_o sound_v the_o retreat_n and_o forbid_v his_o host_n to_o pursue_v they_o any_o long_o gore_v the_o morrow_n after_o propose_v this_o choice_n unto_o his_o own_o army_n whether_o they_o will_v rather_o divide_v man_n among_o themselves_o and_o therein_o dwell_v or_o only_o take_v the_o substance_n and_o pillage_n of_o the_o country_n and_o so_o return_v unto_o their_o own_o home_n but_o they_o choose_v rather_o to_o waste_v and_o spoil_v the_o whole_a island_n and_o with_o the_o good_n thereof_o to_o enrich_v themselves_o and_o so_o return_v home_o but_o godred_a himself_o with_o those_o few_o islander_n that_o remain_v with_o he_o inhabit_v the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o island_n and_o grant_v to_o the_o remain_v of_o the_o manksman_n the_o north_n part_n with_o this_o covenant_n and_o condition_n that_o none_o of_o they_o shall_v at_o any_o time_n venture_v and_o presume_v to_o challenge_v any_o part_n of_o the_o land_n by_o right_a of_o inheritance_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o even_o unto_o this_o day_n the_o whole_a isle_n be_v the_o king_n domain_v alone_o and_o all_o the_o revenue_n thereof_o belong_v unto_o the_o crown_n godred_a then_o reduce_v dublin_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o leymistir_n under_o his_o subjection_n as_o for_o the_o western_a scottish_a he_o so_o overawe_v they_o as_o that_o no_o man_n who_o build_v ship_n or_o cog-boat_n dare_v drive_v into_o it_o above_o three_o nail_n now_o he_o reign_v 16._o year_n and_o die_v in_o the_o island_n that_o be_v call_v isle_n he_o leave_v behind_o he_o very_o three_o son_n lagman_n harald_n and_o olave_n lagman_n the_o elder_a take_v upon_o he_o the_o kingdom_n reign_v seven_o year_n and_o harald_n his_o brother_n a_o great_a while_n rebel_v against_o he_o but_o at_o length_n be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o lagman_n he_o have_v his_o member_n of_o generation_n cut_v off_o and_o his_o eye_n pluck_v out_o of_o his_o head_n after_o this_o lagman_n repent_v himself_o that_o he_o have_v pull_v out_o his_o brother_n eye_n give_v over_o the_o kingdom_n of_o his_o own_o accord_n and_o wear_v the_o badge_n of_o the_o lord_n cross_n take_v a_o journey_n to_o jerusalem_n in_o which_o he_o die_v mlxxu._n all_o the_o noble_n and_o lord_n of_o the_o island_n hear_v of_o the_o death_n of_o lagman_n dispatch_v their_o ambassador_n to_o murecard_n o-brien_n king_n of_o ireland_n request_v that_o he_o will_v send_v some_o industrious_a and_o worthy_a man_n of_o the_o blood_n royal_a to_o be_v their_o king_n until_o olave_n godreds_n son_n come_v to_o full_a age_n the_o king_n very_o willing_o yield_v to_o their_o request_n and_o send_v unto_o they_o one_o dopnald_n the_o son_n of_o tade_n warning_n and_o charge_v he_o to_o govern_v the_o kingdom_n which_o by_o right_o belong_v unto_o another_o with_o all_o gentleness_n and_o modesty_n but_o he_o after_o he_o be_v come_v to_o the_o crown_n not_o weigh_v of_o the_o charge_n that_o his_o lord_n and_o m._n give_v he_o abuse_v his_o place_n and_o lord_v with_o great_a tyranny_n and_o so_o commit_v many_o outrage_n and_o villainy_n reign_v cruel_o three_o year_n then_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o land_n agree_v together_o in_o one_o conspiracy_n rise_v up_o against_o he_o and_o expel_v he_o out_o of_o their_o coast_n who_o flee_v into_o ireland_n and_o never_o look_v they_o in_o the_o face_n after_o mlxxvii_o one_o ingemund_n be_v send_v from_o the_o king_n of_o norway_n to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o land_n and_o when_o he_o be_v come_v to_o the_o isle_n leodus_fw-la he_o send_v messenger_n to_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o land_n with_o a_o commandment_n that_o they_o shall_v meet_v together_o and_o ordain_v he_o their_o king_n mean_a while_n himself_o with_o his_o companion_n do_v nothing_o else_o but_o rob_v spoil_n make_v good_a cheer_n and_o banquet_n dishonour_n and_o abuse_v marry_v wife_n deflower_v young_a maiden_n yea_o and_o give_v himself_o over_o to_o filthy_a pleasure_n and_o fleshly_a lust_n but_o when_o tiding_n hereof_o come_v to_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o land_n now_o assemble_v to_o make_v he_o king_n they_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n with_o furious_a wrath_n and_o speed_v themselves_o in_o all_o haste_n towards_o he_o and_o surprise_v he_o in_o the_o night_n burn_v the_o house_n wherein_o he_o be_v and_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n make_v a_o quick_a dispatch_n of_o he_o and_o his_o company_n mxcviii_o the_o abbey_n of_o s._n mary_n at_o cistertium_n or_o cisteaux_n be_v found_v antioch_n be_v win_v by_o the_o christian_n and_o a_o
comet_n or_o blaze_a star_n appear_v the_o same_o year_n there_o be_v a_o field_n fight_v between_o those_o of_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n at_o sâ—antwas_n and_o the_o northern_a man_n get_v the_o victory_n in_o which_o battle_n be_v slay_v earl_n oiher_n and_o mac-moras_a general_n of_o both_o the_o side_n in_o the_o same_o year_n magnus_n king_n of_o norway_n the_o son_n of_o olave_n son_n of_o harald_n harfager_n desirous_a to_o try_v whether_o the_o corpse_n of_o s._n olave_n king_n and_o martyr_n remain_v uncorrupt_a command_v that_o his_o tomb_n shall_v be_v open_v and_o notwithstanding_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n withstand_v it_o the_o king_n himself_o come_v bold_o thither_o and_o by_o force_n that_o he_o bring_v with_o he_o cause_v the_o coffin_n to_o be_v open_v now_o when_o he_o have_v both_o see_v and_o handle_v the_o body_n uncorrupt_a and_o nothing_o perish_v sudden_o there_o be_v a_o great_a fear_n fall_v upon_o he_o and_o in_o all_o haste_n he_o depart_v thence_o the_o next_o night_n follow_v olave_n king_n and_o martyr_n appear_v unto_o he_o in_o a_o dream_n say_v thus_o choose_v thou_o one_o of_o these_o two_o thing_n either_o to_o lose_v thy_o life_n and_o kingdom_n both_o within_o thirty_o day_n or_o to_o depart_v from_o norway_n and_o never_o see_v it_o again_o when_o the_o king_n awaken_v he_o call_v unto_o he_o his_o prince_n and_o elder_n and_o declare_v unto_o they_o his_o dream_n and_o vision_n and_o they_o be_v sore_o afraid_a give_v he_o this_o counsel_n to_o depart_v with_o all_o speed_n out_o of_o norway_n he_o without_o delay_n cause_v a_o fleet_n to_o be_v rig_v and_o put_v in_o readiness_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o threescore_o sail_n and_o cut_v over_o to_o the_o isle_n of_o orkney_n which_o he_o forthwith_o subdue_v &_o make_v way_n by_o dint_n of_o sword_n throughout_o all_o the_o isle_n and_o bring_v they_o to_o his_o subjection_n go_v forward_o still_o as_o far_o as_o to_o man_n and_o when_o he_o be_v arrive_v and_o land_v he_o come_v unto_o st._n patrick_n isle_n to_o see_v the_o place_n wherein_o the_o field_n have_v be_v fight_v a_o little_a before_o between_o the_o manksman_n because_o as_o yet_o many_o of_o their_o body_n that_o be_v slay_v lay_v there_o unbury_v now_o when_o he_o see_v this_o most_o goodly_a and_o beautiful_a island_n it_o please_v his_o eye_n and_o he_o choose_v it_o to_o seat_n himself_o therein_o build_v fortress_n in_o it_o which_o unto_o this_o day_n carry_v his_o name_n and_o those_o of_o galway_n he_o hold_v in_o so_o great_a awe_n that_o he_o compel_v they_o to_o cut_v down_o wood_n for_o timber_n and_o to_o bring_v it_o unto_o the_o shore_n that_o therewith_o he_o may_v build_v his_o fort_n and_o bulwark_n to_o anglesey_n then_o call_v mona_n a_o island_n in_o wales_n he_o sail_v and_o find_v in_o it_o two_o earl_n by_o the_o name_n of_o hughes_n the_o one_o he_o slay_v the_o other_o he_o put_v to_o flight_n and_o subdue_v the_o island_n but_o the_o welshman_n present_v he_o with_o many_o gift_n and_o so_o he_o bid_v they_o farewell_o and_o return_v unto_o man._n unto_o murcard_n king_n of_o ireland_n he_o send_v his_o shoe_n and_o command_v he_o to_o carry_v they_o on_o his_o shoulder_n through_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o house_n on_o christmas_n day_n that_o he_o may_v thereby_o understand_v he_o be_v subject_a unto_o king_n magnus_fw-la which_o the_o irishman_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o hear_v of_o it_o take_v grievous_o and_o disdain_v exceed_v much_o but_o the_o king_n follow_v a_o wise_a course_n i_o have_v rather_o say_v he_o not_o only_o carry_v his_o shoe_n but_o also_o eat_v they_o than_o king_n magnus_n shall_v destroy_v one_o province_n in_o ireland_n he_o fulfil_v therefore_o his_o commandment_n and_o honourable_o entreat_v his_o messenger_n many_o present_v also_o he_o send_v over_o by_o they_o unto_o king_n magnus_n and_o enter_v into_o league_n with_o he_o these_o messenger_n be_v return_v unto_o their_o lord_n relate_v unto_o he_o many_o thing_n touch_v the_o situation_n of_o ireland_n the_o pleasantness_n thereof_o the_o abundance_n of_o corn_n and_o wholsomnesse_n of_o air_n when_o magnus_n hear_v this_o straightway_o he_o think_v of_o nothing_o else_o but_o to_o conquer_v ireland_n and_o bring_v it_o whole_o under_o his_o dominion_n he_o command_v therefore_o his_o man_n to_o prepare_v a_o navy_n and_o himself_o in_o person_n set_v forward_o with_o sixteen_o ship_n desirous_a to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o country_n as_o he_o unwary_o depart_v aside_o from_o his_o ship_n be_v sudden_o compass_v about_o by_o the_o irish_a and_o so_o lose_v his_o life_n together_o with_o all_o those_o in_o manner_n that_o be_v with_o he_o and_o he_o be_v bury_v hard_o by_o s._n patrick_n church_n in_o down_n he_o reign_v six_o year_n after_o who_o death_n the_o prince_n of_o the_o land_n send_v for_o olave_n the_o son_n of_o godred_a surname_v crovan_n who_o live_v in_o the_o court_n of_o henry_n king_n of_o england_n son_n of_o king_n william_n mcii_o olave_n the_o son_n of_o godred_a crovan_n aforesaid_a begin_v his_o reign_n and_o reign_v forty_o year_n a_o peaceable_a prince_n have_v all_o the_o king_n of_o ireland_n and_o scotland_n to_o be_v his_o confederate_n he_o take_v to_o wife_n africa_n the_o daughter_n of_o ferguse_n of_o gallway_n of_o who_o he_o beget_v gadred_a by_o his_o concubine_n he_o have_v regnald_n lagman_n and_o harald_n beside_o many_o daughter_n whereof_o one_o be_v wed_v to_o summerl_v prince_n of_o herergaidel_n who_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o whole_a king_n of_o the_o land_n on_o she_o he_o beget_v four_o son_n dulgall_n raignald_n engus_n and_o olave_n mcxxxiii_o there_o happen_v so_o great_a a_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n upon_o the_o four_o nones_n of_o august_n that_o the_o day_n be_v turn_v into_o night_n mcxxxiv_o olave_n give_v unto_o you_o abbot_n of_o furne_z a_o plot_n of_o his_o land_n in_o man_n to_o build_v a_o abbey_n in_o a_o place_n call_v russin_n and_o both_o enrich_v with_o revenue_n and_o endow_v with_o privilege_n the_o estate_n of_o the_o church_n in_o the_o land_n mcxlii_o godred_a olaves_n son_n sail_v over_o sea_n to_o the_o king_n of_o norway_n who_o name_n be_v hinge_v and_o do_v his_o homage_n unto_o he_o and_o stay_v there_o be_v honourable_o entertain_v of_o he_o the_o same_o year_n three_o son_n of_o harald_n olave_n brother_n who_o have_v be_v bring_v up_o in_o dublin_n raise_v a_o great_a number_n of_o man_n together_o and_o all_o those_o who_o be_v flee_v from_o the_o king_n come_v to_o man_n demand_v of_o the_o same_o king_n to_o have_v the_o one_o moiety_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o the_o land_n to_o be_v give_v unto_o they_o but_o the_o king_n when_o he_o have_v hear_v their_o demand_n be_v willing_a to_o pacify_v they_o answer_v that_o he_o will_v take_v counsel_n of_o the_o matter_n now_o when_o they_o have_v appoint_v the_o time_n and_o place_n where_o the_o counsel_n shall_v be_v hold_v in_o the_o mean_a while_o those_o most_o lewd_a and_o wicked_a villain_n complot_v among_o themselves_o the_o king_n death_n at_o the_o day_n appoint_v both_o part_n meet_v at_o the_o haven_n which_o be_v call_v ramsa_n and_o sit_v in_o order_n by_o row_n the_o king_n with_o his_o counsel_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o they_o together_o with_o their_o company_n on_o the_o other_o and_o reginald_n who_o be_v to_o dispatch_v he_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n between_o and_o stand_v talk_v apart_o with_o one_o of_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o land_n but_o when_o the_o king_n have_v call_v he_o and_o he_o be_v come_v unto_o he_o he_o turn_v towards_o the_o king_n as_o though_o he_o will_v salute_v he_o and_o therewith_o lift_v up_o a_o glitter_a axe_n a_o great_a height_n at_o one_o blow_v cut_v off_o the_o king_n head_n and_o forthwith_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v commit_v such_o a_o bloody_a murder_n they_o divide_v the_o land_n among_o themselves_o and_o after_o some_o few_o day_n have_v gather_v a_o navy_n together_o fail_v over_o to_o galway_n desirous_a to_o bring_v it_o also_o under_o their_o subjection_n but_o those_o of_o galway_n stick_v close_o and_o round_o together_o give_v a_o fair_a onset_n and_o join_v battle_n with_o they_o they_o by_z and_o by_o turn_v their_o back_n flee_v in_o great_a disorder_n to_o man_n and_o as_o for_o all_o the_o galwayman_n that_o dwell_v therein_o some_o of_o they_o they_o slay_v other_o they_o expel_v mcxliii_o godred_a olaves_n son_n return_v out_o of_o norway_n be_v create_v king_n of_o man_n and_o to_o avenge_v his_o father_n death_n he_o cause_v two_o of_o harald_n son_n to_o have_v their_o eye_n pull_v out_o and_o slay_v the_o three_o mcxliv_o godred_a begin_v his_o reign_n
that_o he_o shall_v be_v apprehend_v and_o bring_v unto_o william_n king_n of_o scotland_n that_o with_o he_o he_o may_v be_v keep_v in_o prison_n and_o olave_n lie_v prisoner_n in_o iron_n and_o chain_n almost_o seven_o year_n in_o the_o seven_o year_n die_v william_n king_n of_o scotland_n after_o who_o succeed_v his_o son_n alexander_n now_o before_o his_o death_n he_o give_v commandment_n that_o all_o prisoner_n shall_v be_v set_v free_a olave_n therefore_o be_v enlarge_v and_o at_o liberty_n come_v to_o man_n and_o soon_o after_o accompany_v with_o no_o small_a train_n of_o nobleman_n he_o go_v to_o s._n james_n and_o after_o he_o be_v thus_o return_v reginald_n his_o brother_n cause_v he_o to_o marry_v a_o noble_a man_n daughter_n of_o kentyre_n even_o his_o own_o wife_n whole_a sister_n name_v lavon_n and_o give_v he_o lodhus_o in_o possession_n to_o enjoy_v some_o few_o day_n after_o reginald_n bishop_n of_o the_o land_n have_v call_v a_o synod_n canonical_o divorce_v olave_n the_o son_n of_o godred_a and_o lavon_n his_o wife_n as_o be_v the_o cousin_n german_a of_o his_o former_a wife_n after_o this_o olave_n wed_v scristine_a daughter_n of_o ferkar_n earl_n of_o rosse_n for_o this_o cause_n reginalds_n wife_n queen_n of_o the_o land_n be_v wroth_a and_o direct_v her_o letter_n in_o the_o name_n of_o reginald_n the_o king_n into_o the_o i_o will_v sky_n unto_o godred_a her_o son_n that_o he_o shall_v kill_v olave_n as_o godr_v be_v devise_v mean_n to_o work_v this_o feat_n and_o now_o enter_v into_o lodhus_n olave_n flee_v in_o a_o little_a cog-boat_n unto_o his_o father_n in_o law_n the_o earl_n of_o rosse_n aforesaid_a then_o godr_v waste_v and_o spoil_v lodhus_o at_o the_o same_o time_n pol_n the_o son_n of_o book_n sheriff_n of_o sky_n a_o man_n of_o great_a authority_n in_o all_o the_o land_n because_o he_o will_v not_o give_v his_o consent_n unto_o godred_a flee_v and_o together_o with_o olave_n live_v in_o the_o earl_n of_o ross_n house_n and_o enter_v into_o a_o league_n with_o olave_n they_o come_v both_o in_o one_o ship_n to_o sky_n at_o length_n have_v send_v forth_o their_o spy_n and_o discoverer_n they_o learn_v that_o godred_a lie_v in_o a_o certain_a island_n call_v st._n columb_n isle_n have_v very_o few_o man_n with_o he_o misdoubt_v nothing_o gather_v therefore_o about_o they_o all_o their_o friend_n and_o acquaintance_n with_o such_o voluntary_n as_o be_v ready_a to_o join_v with_o they_o at_o midnight_n with_o five_o ship_n which_o they_o draw_v from_o the_o next_o seashore_n distant_a from_o the_o island_n aforesaid_a some_o two_o furlong_n they_o beset_v the_o isle_n round_o about_o godred_a then_o and_o they_o that_o be_v with_o he_o rise_v by_o the_o dawn_n of_o the_o day_n and_o see_v themselves_o environ_v on_o every_o side_n with_o enemy_n be_v astonish_v but_o put_v themselves_o in_o warlike_a arm_n assay_v right_o manful_o to_o make_v resistance_n but_o all_o in_o vain_a for_o about_o nine_o a_o clock_n of_o the_o day_n olave_n and_o pol_n the_o foresay_a sheriff_n set_v foot_n in_o the_o island_n with_o their_o whole_a army_n &_o have_v slay_v all_o those_o who_o they_o find_v without_o the_o enclosure_n of_o the_o church_n they_o take_v godr_v put_v out_o his_o eye_n and_o geld_v he_o howbeit_o to_o this_o deed_n olave_n do_v not_o yield_v his_o consent_n neither_o can_v he_o withstand_v it_o for_o book_n son_n the_o sheriff_n aforesaid_a for_o this_o be_v do_v in_o the_o year_n 1223._o the_o summer_n next_o follow_v olave_n after_o he_o have_v take_v hostage_n of_o all_o the_o lord_n and_o potentate_n of_o the_o isle_n come_v with_o a_o fleet_n of_o 32._o sail_n towards_o man_n and_o arrive_v at_o rognolfwaht_n at_o this_o very_a time_n reginald_n and_o olave_n divide_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o land_n between_o themselves_o and_o man_n be_v give_v to_o reginald_n over_o and_o beside_o his_o own_o portion_n together_o with_o the_o title_n of_o king_n olave_n the_o second_o time_n have_v furnish_v himself_o with_o victual_n from_o the_o people_n of_o man_n return_v with_o his_o company_n to_o his_o portion_n of_o the_o island_n the_o year_n follow_v reginald_n take_v with_o he_o alane_n lord_n of_o galway_n go_v with_o his_o soldier_n of_o man_n to_o the_o island_n part_n that_o he_o may_v disseise_v his_o brother_n olave_n of_o that_o portion_n of_o land_n which_o he_o have_v give_v unto_o he_o and_o bring_v it_o under_o his_o own_o dominion_n but_o because_o the_o manksman_n be_v not_o willing_a to_o fight_v against_o olave_n and_o the_o islander_n for_o the_o love_n they_o have_v to_o they_o reginald_n and_o alan_n lord_n of_o galway_n return_v home_o without_o achieve_v their_o purpose_n after_o a_o little_a while_n reginald_n under_o pretence_n of_o go_v to_o the_o court_n of_o his_o sovereign_n the_o lord_n king_n of_o england_n take_v up_o of_o the_o people_n of_o man_n a_o hundred_o mark_n but_o go_v in_o very_a deed_n to_o the_o court_n of_o alan_n lord_n of_o galway_n at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o affiance_v his_o daughter_n unto_o the_o son_n of_o alan_n in_o marriage_n which_o the_o manksman_n hear_v take_v such_o snuff_n and_o indignation_n thereat_o that_o they_o send_v for_o olave_n and_o make_v he_o their_o king_n mccxxvi_o olave_n recover_v his_o inheritance_n to_o wit_n the_o kingdom_n of_o man_n and_o of_o the_o land_n which_o his_o brother_n reginald_n have_v govern_v 38._o year_n and_o reign_v quiet_o two_o year_n mccxxviii_o olave_n accompany_v with_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o man_n and_o a_o band_n of_o the_o strong_a man_n of_o the_o country_n sail_v over_o into_o the_o land_n a_o little_a after_o alan_n lord_n of_o galway_n and_o thomas_n earl_n of_o athol_n and_o king_n reginald_n come_v unto_o man_n with_o a_o puissant_a army_n all_o the_o south_n part_n of_o man_n they_o waste_v spoil_v the_o church_n and_o slay_v all_o the_o man_n they_o can_v lay_v hold_n of_o so_o that_o the_o south_n part_n of_o man_n be_v lay_v in_o manner_n all_o desolate_a after_o this_o return_v alan_n with_o his_o army_n into_o his_o own_o country_n and_o leave_v his_o bailiff_n in_o man_n to_o gather_v up_o for_o he_o the_o tribute_n of_o the_o country_n but_o king_n olave_n come_v upon_o they_o at_o unwares_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n and_o recover_v his_o own_o kingdom_n then_o the_o people_n of_o man_n which_o before_o time_n have_v be_v disperse_v every_o way_n begin_v to_o gather_v themselves_o together_o and_o to_o dwell_v with_o confidence_n and_o security_n in_o the_o same_o year_n come_v king_n reginald_n out_o of_o galway_n unlooked_a for_o at_o the_o dead_a time_n of_o night_n in_o winter_n with_o five_o ship_n and_o burn_v all_o the_o ship_n of_o his_o brother_n olave_n and_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o man_n at_o saint_n patrick_n island_n and_o sue_v to_o his_o brother_n for_o peace_n stay_v forty_o day_n at_o the_o haven_n of_o ragnoll-wath_a mean_o while_o he_o win_v and_o draw_v unto_o he_o all_o the_o islander_n in_o the_o south_n part_n of_o man_n who_o swear_v they_o will_v venture_v their_o life_n in_o his_o quarrel_n until_o he_o be_v invest_v in_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o kingdom_n on_o the_o contrary_a part_n olave_n have_v the_o northern_a man_n of_o the_o isle_n to_o side_n with_o he_o and_o upon_o the_o 14._o day_n of_o february_n at_o a_o place_n call_v tingualla_fw-la there_o be_v a_o battle_n strike_v between_o the_o two_o brethren_n wherein_o olave_n have_v the_o victory_n and_o king_n reginald_n be_v by_o some_o kill_v there_o without_o his_o brother_n knowledge_n and_o certain_a rover_n come_v to_o the_o south_n part_n of_o man_n waste_v and_o harry_v it_o the_o monk_n of_o russin_n translate_v the_o body_n of_o king_n reginald_n unto_o the_o abbey_n of_o s._n marry_o the_o fourne_v and_o there_o inter_v it_o be_v in_o a_o place_n which_o himself_o have_v choose_v for_o that_o purpose_n after_o this_o go_v olave_n to_o the_o king_n of_o norway_n but_o before_o that_o he_o be_v come_v thither_o haco_n king_n of_o norway_n ordain_v a_o certain_a noble_a man_n name_v huâ—bac_n the_o son_n of_o owmund_n for_o to_o be_v king_n of_o the_o sodorian_a land_n and_o call_v his_o name_n haco_n now_o the_o same_o haco_n together_o with_o olave_n and_o godred_a don_n reginalds_n son_n and_o many_o norwegian_n come_v unto_o the_o land_n and_o at_o the_o win_n of_o a_o fort_n in_o the_o island_n both_o haco_n chance_v to_o be_v smite_v with_o a_o stone_n whereof_o he_o die_v and_o lie_v bury_v in_o jona._n mccxxx_o olave_n come_v with_o godred_a don_n and_o the_o norwegian_n to_o man_n and_o they_o divide_v the_o kingdom_n among_o themselves_o olave_n hold_v man_n and_o godred_a be_v go_v unto_o the_o land_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o
propriety_n but_o by_o turn_v he_o take_v for_o to_o use_v whosoever_o he_o fanci_v whereby_o he_o neither_o can_v have_v his_o wish_n nor_o hope_v of_o child_n of_o these_o island_n the_o common_a people_n affirm_v there_o be_v 44._o whereas_o in_o truth_n there_o be_v many_o more_o pliny_n write_v that_o there_o be_v 30._o of_o they_o but_o ptolomee_o reckon_v up_o but_o five_o the_o first_o be_v ricina_n pliny_n call_v it_o ricnea_n antoninus_n riduna_n now_o term_v racline_v and_o i_o think_v it_o shall_v be_v read_v in_o antonine_n riclina_fw-la for_o cl_o easy_o make_v a_o d_o by_o join_v a_o c_o at_o the_o back_n unto_o it_o a_o small_a island_n this_o be_v butt_v full_a upon_o ireland_n know_v unto_o the_o ancient_a writer_n for_o that_o it_o lie_v in_o the_o very_a narrow_a sea_n between_o ireland_n and_o scotland_n famous_a at_o this_o day_n for_o no_o cause_n else_o but_o for_o the_o overthrow_n and_o slaughter_n of_o the_o scottish_a irish_a who_o otherwhiles_o possess_v themselves_o of_o it_o and_o be_v thrust_v out_o by_o the_o english_a under_o the_o conduct_n of_o sir_n william_n norris_n in_o the_o year_n 1575._o the_o next_o be_v epidium_n which_o by_o the_o name_n i_o will_v guess_v with_o that_o excellent_a geographer_n gerard_n mercator_n lay_v near_o unto_o the_o promontory_n of_o the_o epidii_n and_o to_o the_o shore_n and_o see_v there_o stand_v apparent_o in_o the_o same_o situation_n a_o island_n call_v ila_n of_o good_a largeness_n and_o of_o a_o fruitful_a plain_a and_o champion_n soil_n i_o dare_v avouch_v that_o this_o be_v epidium_n or_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o epidii_n for_o in_o some_o place_n it_o be_v read_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d this_o carry_v in_o length_n 24._o mile_n and_o be_v 16._o mile_n broad_a so_o plentiful_a of_o cattle_n wheat_n and_o herd_n of_o red_a dear_a that_o it_o be_v the_o second_o seat_n next_o unto_o man_n for_o the_o king_n of_o the_o land_n as_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n of_o the_o mac-connels_a who_o herein_o have_v their_o castle_n at_o dunyweg_n betwixt_o ila_n and_o scotland_n lie_v jona_n which_o bede_n term_v hylas_n and_o hu_o give_v by_o the_o pict_n unto_o the_o scottish_a monk_n for_o propagate_a and_o preach_v of_o the_o gospel_n among_o they_o where_o stand_v a_o monastery_n famous_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o scottish_a king_n tomb_n and_o the_o frequent_a converse_v of_o holy_a man_n therein_o among_o who_o columba_n the_o apostle_n of_o the_o pict_n be_v the_o principal_a of_o who_o cell_n the_o island_n also_o be_v call_v columb-kill_a like_a as_o the_o man_n also_o himself_o by_o a_o compound_n name_n be_v term_v columbkill_n as_o bede_n witness_v and_o here_o at_o length_n as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o a_o bishop_n seat_n be_v ordain_v in_o sodore_n a_o little_a town_n whence_o all_o the_o isle_n be_v also_o call_v sodorensis_n for_o that_o it_o be_v reckon_v to_o be_v in_o his_o diocese_n then_o have_v you_o maleos_n that_o ptolomee_n write_v of_o now_o call_v mula_n whereof_o pliny_n seem_v to_o make_v mention_n when_o he_o say_v mella_n be_v report_v to_o be_v 25._o mile_n large_a than_o the_o rest_n for_o so_o we_o read_v in_o the_o most_o ancient_a edition_n of_o pliny_n print_v at_o venice_n whereas_o in_o the_o vulgar_a copy_n in_o steed_n of_o reliquarum_fw-la mella_n be_v read_v reliquarum_fw-la nulla_fw-la that_o be_v none_o of_o the_o rest_n etc._n etc._n the_o eastern_a hebuda_n now_o call_v sky_n from_o hence_o lie_v out_o in_o a_o great_a length_n over_o against_o the_o shore_n or_o coast_n of_o scotland_n the_o western_a hebuda_n bend_v more_o westward_n be_v now_o call_v lewis_n the_o lord_n whereof_o be_v mac-cloyd_n and_o in_o the_o ancient_a history_n of_o man_n be_v name_v lodhus_o full_a of_o steep_a and_o craggy_a little_a hill_n stony_a and_o very_o slender_o inhabit_v howbeit_o the_o large_a of_o they_o all_o from_o which_o eust_fw-fr be_v dis-joined_n with_o a_o very_a narrow_a wash_n all_o the_o rest_n save_v only_a hyrtha_n be_v of_o small_a account_n be_v either_o very_a stony_a or_o else_o inaccessible_a by_o reason_n of_o craggy_a cliff_n &_o scarce_o clad_v with_o any_o green-sord_a yet_o the_o scot_n purchase_v all_o these_o with_o their_o ready_a money_n of_o the_o norwegian_n as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v the_o very_a buttress_n or_o pillar_n of_o the_o kingdom_n although_o they_o reap_v very_o small_a commodity_n thereby_o consider_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o ancient_a true_a scot_n or_o irish_a be_v man_n of_o stout_a stomach_n and_o desperate_a boldness_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o severity_n of_o law_n or_o awe_v by_o justice_n as_o touch_v their_o manner_n apparel_n and_o language_n they_o differ_v nothing_o at_o all_o from_o the_o wild_a irishry_n of_o who_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o so_o that_o we_o may_v easy_o know_v thereby_o that_o they_o be_v one_o and_o the_o self_n same_o nation_n original_o they_o that_o bear_v the_o sway_n and_o do_v rule_n in_o these_o land_n be_v the_o family_n of_o mac-conel_a mac-alen_n who_o other_o term_v mac-len_a mac-cloyd_n of_o lewis_n and_o mac-cloyd_n of_o harich_n but_o the_o mighty_a house_n of_o they_o all_o be_v that_o of_o the_o mac-conels_a who_o glory_n in_o their_o pedigree_n as_o derive_v from_o donald_n who_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o james_n the_o three_o style_v himself_o king_n of_o the_o land_n and_o with_o all_o kind_n of_o cruelty_n in_o most_o savage_a and_o barbarous_a manner_n plague_v scotland_n which_o notwithstanding_o his_o son_n be_v outlaw_v pay_v dear_o as_o force_v to_o submit_v his_o whole_a estate_n absolute_o unto_o the_o king_n will_v and_o pleasure_n and_o have_v of_o his_o gift_n some_o possession_n assign_v to_o he_o in_o cantire_a in_o the_o forego_n age_n of_o this_o stock_n there_o flourish_v donel_n gormy_a mac-conell_a that_o be_v the_o blue_a haply_o so_o surname_v of_o his_o apparel_n he_o have_v issue_v two_o son_n agnus_n mac-conell_a and_o alexander_n he_o who_o leave_v this_o barren_a and_o hungry_a cantir_n invade_v the_o glinne_n in_o ireland_n agnus_n mac-conell_a aforesaid_a be_v father_n of_o james_n mac-conell_a slay_v by_o shan_n o-neale_n and_o of_o surly_a boy_n upon_o who_o queen_n elizabeth_n of_o her_o bounty_n bestow_v land_n in_o rout_n within_o ireland_n james_n mac-conell_a have_v issue_n agnus_n mac-conell_a of_o who_o i_o have_v speak_v before_o between_o who_o and_o mac-clen_a there_o be_v such_o a_o deep_a and_o inveterate_a hatred_n that_o the_o force_n of_o consanguinity_n be_v never_o able_a to_o quench_v the_o feud_n but_o that_o they_o pollute_v themselves_o most_o wicked_o with_o one_o another_o blood_n from_o the_o haebudes_n if_o you_o hold_v sail_n along_o by_o the_o shore_n towards_o the_o north-east_n you_o may_v at_o length_n discover_v the_o orcades_n now_o call_v orkney_n be_v thirty_o land_n or_o thereabouts_o sunder_v by_o the_o ocean_n which_o have_v his_o walk_n and_o current_n between_o they_o a_o certain_a ancient_a fragment_n so_o call_v they_o as_o one_o will_v say_v argat_n that_o be_v as_o the_o same_o interprete_v it_o above_o the_o getes_n but_o i_o will_v rather_o expound_v it_o above_o cath_z for_o it_o lie_v over_o against_o cath_z a_o country_n of_o scotland_n which_o of_o the_o promontory_n they_o use_v to_o call_v cathnesse_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o seem_v to_o be_v name_v amiss_o by_o ptolomee_n carini_n for_o catini_n in_o solinus_n his_o time_n no_o man_n dwell_v in_o they_o but_o overgrow_v they_o be_v vinceis_n or_o junceis_n herbis_fw-la that_o be_v with_o bind_v or_o rushy_a weed_n but_o now_o inhabit_v indeed_o they_o be_v yet_o destitute_a of_o wood_n bearing_z barley_n good_a store_n and_o altogether_o without_o wheat_n among_o these_o pomonia_n famous_a for_o a_o episcopal_a see_v be_v the_o principal_a call_v by_o solinus_n pomona_n diutina_fw-la for_o the_o length_n of_o the_o day_n there_o now_o the_o inhabitant_n term_v it_o mainland_n as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o continent_n or_o main_n adorn_v with_o the_o bishop_n seat_n in_o kirkwale_n a_o little_a town_n and_o with_o two_o castle_n it_o yield_v plenty_n of_o tin_n and_o of_o lead_n ocetis_n also_o be_v reckon_v by_o ptolomee_n in_o number_n of_o these_o which_o now_o we_o guess_v to_o be_v name_v hethy_o but_o whether_o hey_o which_o be_v count_v one_o of_o these_o be_v pliny_n dumna_n or_o no_o i_o can_v never_o yet_o resolve_v sure_o if_o it_o be_v not_o i_o will_v think_v that_o fair_a isle_n the_o only_a town_n whereof_o for_o it_o have_v but_o one_o they_o call_v dumo_fw-la be_v that_o dumna_n rather_o than_o with_o becanus_n judge_v wardhuys_n in_o lapland_n to_o be_v it_o julius_n agricola_n who_o first_o of_o all_o sail_v round_o about_o britain_n with_o his_o fleet_n discover_v out_o
and_o flow_v again_o suidas_n write_v that_o it_o take_v the_o name_n of_o thules_n a_o king_n of_o egypt_n isidore_n of_o the_o sun_n reynerus_n reneccius_fw-la of_o the_o saxon_a word_n tell_v that_o be_v a_o limit_n as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o bind_v of_o the_o north_n and_o west_n but_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o synesius_n doubt_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o thule_n or_o no_o and_o our_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la write_v that_o it_o be_v no_o where_o extant_a to_o be_v see_v and_o the_o better_a sort_n of_o learned_a man_n be_v of_o sundry_a judgement_n concern_v it_o most_o of_o they_o have_v affirm_v island_n island_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o extreme_a sharp_a cold_a and_o continual_a winter_n to_o have_v be_v call_v in_o time_n past_o thule_n but_o saxon_a grammaticus_n crantzius_n milius_n jovius_n and_o peucerus_n be_v of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n neither_o be_o i_o ignorant_a that_o the_o vast_a and_o huge_a country_n of_o scandia_n be_v describe_v by_o procopius_n under_o the_o name_n of_o thule_n gothici_n but_o if_o that_o be_v true_a which_o the_o most_o learned_a peucer_n have_v record_v in_o his_o book_n entitle_v de_n dimensione_n terrae_fw-la that_o be_v of_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o sailor_n call_v shetland_n thilensel_n neither_o dare_v i_o impeach_v his_o credit_n then_o sure_o we_o have_v find_v thule_n and_o the_o matter_n be_v now_o at_o a_o end_n and_o questionless_a for_o this_o shetland_n be_v a_o isle_n under_o the_o scottish_a dominion_n hethland_n environ_v with_o other_o islet_n and_o the_o same_o be_v nip_v with_o frost_n and_o chilly_a cold_a lie_v open_a on_o every_o side_n unto_o bitter_a storm_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o like_v as_o those_o of_o island_n use_v in_o steed_n of_o bread-corne_n dry_a fish_n and_o the_o same_o bray_v and_o beat_v which_o we_o call_v stockfish_n and_o although_o it_o have_v not_o the_o north_n pole_n so_o elevate_v that_o there_o be_v continual_a day_n six_o month_n together_o as_o pithaeas_n of_o marsils_n have_v feign_v of_o thule_n for_o which_o he_o be_v just_o tax_v by_o strabo_n and_o this_o happen_v not_o to_o island_n itself_o where_o there_o be_v in_o manner_n a_o continual_a winter_n and_o a_o intolerable_a settle_a cold_a yet_o that_o a_o man_n shall_v think_v this_o shetland_n to_o have_v be_v thule_n first_o the_o situation_n thereof_o in_o ptolomee_n may_v induce_v he_o be_v set_v 63._o degree_n from_o the_o aequinoctial_a as_o thule_n be_v in_o ptolomee_o again_o for_o that_o it_o lie_v between_o norway_n and_o scotland_n where_o saxo_n grammaticus_n place_v thule_n then_o because_o it_o be_v two_o day_n sail_v distant_a from_o the_o point_n of_o caledonia_n or_o cathnes_n according_a to_o which_o distance_n solinus_n place_v thule_n also_o tacitus_n say_v that_o the_o roman_n kenned_a thule_n afar_o off_o as_o they_o sail_v round_o about_o britain_n by_o the_o orcades_n last_o because_o it_o face_v the_o shore_n of_o bergae_n in_o norway_n against_o which_o place_n thule_n lie_v according_a to_o pomponius_n mela_n in_o which_o author_n the_o read_n be_v corrupt_o belgarum_fw-la littori_fw-la in_o stead_n of_o bergarum_fw-la for_o bergae_n a_o city_n in_o norway_n lie_v over_o against_o shetland_n and_o pliny_n name_v in_o this_o tract_n bergos_n bergos_n which_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o be_v that_o little_a country_n wherein_o bergae_n flourish_v nerigon_n like_v as_o no_o man_n will_v deny_v that_o norway_n be_v nerigon_n specify_v by_o pliny_n but_o enough_o of_o this_o thule_n which_o snow_n and_o winter_n weather_n as_o one_o say_v have_v hide_v from_o the_o ancient_a writer_n and_o from_o we_o too_o i_o assure_v you_o neither_o be_v any_o of_o they_o able_a to_o say_v which_o of_o the_o northern_a land_n they_o mean_v when_o they_o speak_v so_o much_o of_o thule_n as_o touch_v the_o length_n of_o day_n in_o that_o unknown_a island_n festus_n avienus_n when_o he_o treat_v of_o britain_n translate_v out_o of_o dionysius_n these_o verse_n long_o a_o dehinc_fw-la celeri_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la rate_n marmora_fw-la currat_fw-la inveniet_fw-la vasto_fw-la surgentem_fw-la gurgite_fw-la thulen_n hic_fw-la cum_fw-la plaustra_fw-la poli_fw-fr tangit_fw-la phaebeius_fw-la ignis_fw-la nocte_fw-la sub_fw-la inlustri_fw-la rota_fw-la solis_fw-la fomite_fw-la flagrat_fw-la continuo_fw-la clarumque_fw-la diem_fw-la nox_fw-la aemula_fw-la ducit_fw-la from_o hence_o if_o one_o with_o pinnace_n swift_a along_o the_o sea_n do_v sail_v thule_n above_o the_o ocean_n vast_a to_o find_v he_o shall_v not_o fail_v here_o when_o about_o the_o northern_a pole_n the_o sun_n fire_n do_v sejourne_v the_o night_n be_v lightsome_a and_o his_o wheel_n continual_o do_v burn_v the_o night_n i_o say_v resemble_v day_n fair_a light_n make_v soon_o return_v which_o pomponius_n mela_n likewise_o have_v note_v in_o these_o word_n opposite_a unto_o the_o coast_n of_o bergae_n lie_v thule_n a_o island_n much_o renown_v both_o in_o greek_a poem_n and_o in_o we_o also_o in_o it_o for_o that_o the_o sun_n rise_v and_o be_v to_o set_v far_o off_o the_o night_n very_o be_v short_a but_o in_o winter_n time_n as_o elsewhere_o dark_a in_o summer_n light_n because_o all_o that_o time_n he_o mount_v very_o high_a although_o his_o body_n be_v not_o see_v yet_o with_o his_o near_a brightness_n he_o do_v lighten_v the_o part_n next_o unto_o he_o but_o about_o the_o solstice_n there_o be_v no_o night_n at_o all_o by_o reason_n that_o he_o be_v then_o more_o apparent_a not_o only_o cast_v bright_a beam_n from_o he_o but_o show_v also_o the_o great_a part_n of_o himself_o above_o these_o land_n the_o sea_n be_v term_v cronium_n the_o slow_a freeze_a and_o icy_a sea_n for_o that_o it_o be_v so_o rough_a by_o occasion_n of_o heap_n of_o ice_n and_o scarce_o navigable_a it_o be_v also_o name_v of_o ancient_a writer_n cronium_n or_o cronian_a sea_n of_o saturn_n because_o here_o in_o a_o british_a island_n as_o plutarch_n record_v there_o go_v a_o tale_n how_o saturn_n be_v keep_v sleep_v in_o a_o deep_a cave_n or_o bottom_n of_o a_o golden_a pumish_a stone_n that_o he_o be_v by_o jupiter_n cast_v into_o a_o most_o deep_a and_o dead_a sleep_n which_o serve_v in_o stead_n of_o bond_n that_o bird_n bring_v he_o ambrosia_n the_o divine_a meat_n with_o the_o odoriferous_a smell_n whereof_o all_o the_o place_n be_v perfume_v also_o that_o he_o have_v many_o spirit_n or_o daemon_n attend_v upon_o he_o as_o servitor_n who_o reverence_v he_o serve_v he_o and_o attend_v upon_o he_o by_o which_o pretty_a fable_n unless_o i_o be_v deceive_v be_v covert_o couch_v by_o a_o mythiology_n that_o there_o lie_v hide_v in_o these_o land_n vein_n or_o mine_n of_o metal_n over_o which_o saturn_n be_v precedent_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v forlet_a and_o out_o of_o request_n for_o want_v of_o wood_n to_o maintain_v the_o fornace_n now_o beneath_o thule_n southward_o the_o german_a sea_n spread_v itself_o wide_a wherein_o as_o pliny_n affirm_v there_o lie_v disperse_v the_o seven_o acmodae_n mela_n term_v they_o haemodes_n but_o see_v it_o be_v know_v for_o certain_a that_o these_o be_v land_n belong_v to_o denmark_n in_o the_o codan_n gulf_n namely_o zealand_n fuynen_n lagland_n muen_n falstor_n layland_n and_o femerem_fw-la there_o be_v no_o cause_n wherefore_o i_o shall_v say_v any_o more_o neither_o of_o the_o isle_n glessaria_n or_o electrida_n so_o call_v of_o amber_n cast_v up_o there_o out_o of_o the_o sea_n which_o sotacus_n suppose_v to_o drop_v forth_o of_o tree_n in_o britain_n but_o see_v that_o the_o ancient_a german_n call_v amber_n glesse_a willing_a enough_o i_o be_o to_o think_v with_o that_o most_o learned_a man_n erasmus_n michael_n laetus_n that_o the_o island_n less_o hard_a by_o scagen_n or_o promontory_n of_o denmark_n be_v in_o time_n past_o call_v glessaria_n now_o within_o the_o german_a sea_n on_o that_o side_n where_o it_o beat_v upon_o britain_n appear_v very_o few_o land_n unless_o they_o be_v those_o that_o lie_v in_o edenburrough_n frith_n namely_o may_n basse_fw-fr k_v and_o inch_n colme_z that_o be_v columb_n isle_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o northumberland_n over_o against_o the_o river_n lie_v lindisfarne_a one_o show_v itself_o namely_o lindisfarn_a the_o britan_n call_v it_o inis_fw-la medicante_fw-la which_o that_o i_o may_v use_v bede_n word_n as_o the_o sea_n eb_v and_o flow_v at_o his_o tide_n be_v twice_o a_o day_n inundate_v and_o compass_v about_o with_o water_n in_o manner_n of_o a_o island_n and_o twice_o likewise_o make_v continent_n to_o the_o land_n as_o the_o shore_n be_v lay_v bare_a again_o whereupon_o he_o apt_o term_v it_o a_o demy_fw-fr island_n the_o west_n part_n of_o it_o be_v the_o narrow_a and_o leave_v unto_o coney_n join_v to_o the_o east_n side_n by_o a_o very_a small_a spange_n of_o land_n and_o this_o part_n which_o bend_v towards_o the_o south_n be_v much_o
same_o avienus_n write_v thus_o tartesiisque_fw-la in_o terminos_fw-la oestrymnidum_fw-la negotiandi_fw-la mos_fw-la erat_fw-la carthaginiâ—_n etiam_fw-la colonis_fw-la those_o of_o tartessus_n eke_o as_o well_o as_o they_o in_o carthage_n town_n that_o dwell_v be_v wont_a to_o trade_v for_o merchandise_n to_o skirt_n of_o isles_n oestrymnides_n other_o greek_a writer_n term_v these_o cassiterides_n of_o tin_n like_v as_o strabo_n name_v a_o certain_a place_n among_o the_o drangi_n in_o asia_n cassiteron_n of_o tinn_n and_o stephanus_n in_o his_o book_n of_o city_n report_v out_o of_o dionysius_n that_o a_o certain_a island_n in_o the_o indian_a sea_n be_v call_v cassiteria_n of_o tin_n as_o for_o that_o mictis_n which_o pliny_n cit_v out_o of_o timaeus_n to_o be_v six_o day_n sail_v inward_a from_o britain_n and_o to_o yield_v mine_n of_o white_a lead_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v one_o of_o these_o i_o dare_v scarce_o affirm_v yet_o be_o i_o not_o igrant_a that_o the_o most_o learned_a hermolaus_n barbarus_fw-la read_v it_o in_o manuscript_n book_n mitteris_fw-la for_o mictis_fw-la and_o do_v read_v for_o mitteris_fw-la cartiteris_fw-la but_o that_o i_o shall_v avouch_v these_o to_o be_v those_o cassiterides_n so_o often_o seek_v for_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o ancient_a writer_n their_o site_n and_o the_o mine_n of_o tin_n be_v motive_n to_o persuade_v i_o full_o opposite_a unto_o the_o artabri_n say_v strabo_n over_o against_o which_o the_o west_n part_n of_o britain_n do_v lie_v appear_v those_o land_n northward_o which_o they_o call_v cassiterides_n place_v after_o a_o sort_n in_o the_o same_o clime_n with_o britain_n and_o in_o another_o place_n the_o sea_n between_o spain_n and_o the_o cassiterides_n be_v broad_a than_o that_o which_o lie_v between_o the_o cassiterides_n and_o britain_n the_o cassiterides_n look_v towards_o the_o coast_n of_o celtiberia_n say_v solinus_n and_o diodorus_n siculus_n in_o the_o land_n next_o unto_o the_o spanish_a sea_n which_o of_o tin_n be_v call_v cassiterides_n also_o eustathius_n there_o be_v ten_o island_n call_v cassiterides_n lie_v close_o together_o northward_o now_o see_v these_o isle_n of_o silly_n be_v opposite_a unto_o the_o artabri_n that_o be_v gallitia_n in_o spain_n see_v they_o bend_v direct_o north_n from_o they_o see_v they_o be_v place_v in_o the_o same_o clime_n with_o britain_n see_v they_o look_v towards_o the_o coast_n of_o celtiberia_n see_v they_o be_v dis-joined_n by_o a_o far_o broad_a sea_n from_o spain_n than_o from_o britain_n see_v they_o be_v next_o unto_o the_o spanish_a sea_n see_v they_o lie_v hard_o one_o by_o another_o towards_o the_o north_n and_o ten_o only_a of_o they_o be_v of_o any_o good_a account_n namely_o saint_n mary_n annoth_n agnes_n samson_n silly_n brefer_v rusco_n or_o trescaw_n saint_n helen_n saint_n martin_n and_o arthur_n and_o that_o which_o be_v most_o material_a see_v they_o have_v vein_n of_o tin_n as_o no_o other_o island_n have_v beside_o they_o in_o this_o tract_n and_o consider_v that_o two_o of_o the_o less_o sort_n to_o wit_n minan_n witham_n and_o minuisisand_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v take_v their_o name_n of_o mine_n i_o will_v rather_o think_v these_o to_o be_v cassiterides_n than_o either_o the_o azore_n which_o bear_v too_o far_o west_n or_o cisarga_n with_o olivarius_n that_o lie_v in_o manner_n close_o unto_o spain_n or_o even_o britain_n itself_o with_o ortelius_n consider_v there_o be_v many_o cassiterides_n and_o dionysius_n alexandrinus_n after_o he_o have_v treat_v of_o the_o cassiterides_n write_v of_o britain_n apart_o by_o itself_o if_o any_o man_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o number_n deny_v these_o to_o be_v cassiterides_n for_o that_o they_o be_v more_o than_o ten_o let_v he_o also_o number_v the_o haebudes_n and_o the_o orcades_n and_o if_o after_o the_o account_n take_v he_o find_v neither_o more_o nor_o few_o with_o ptolomee_n than_o five_o haebudes_n and_o 30._o orcades_n let_v he_o search_v in_o any_o other_o place_n but_o where_o they_o be_v now_o extant_a and_o with_o all_o his_o search_n by_o reckon_n of_o the_o number_n i_o know_v for_o certain_a he_o shall_v not_o easy_o find_v they_o but_o the_o ancient_a writer_n have_v no_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o these_o most_o remote_a part_n and_o land_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o that_o age_n no_o more_o than_o we_o in_o these_o day_n of_o the_o isle_n in_o the_o straits_n of_o magellane_n and_o the_o whole_a tract_n of_o new_a guiney_n and_o that_o herodotus_n have_v no_o knowledge_n of_o these_o it_o be_v no_o marvel_n for_o himself_o confess_v that_o he_o know_v nothing_o for_o certain_a to_o make_v report_n of_o the_o far_a part_n of_o europe_n but_o lead_v be_v bring_v first_o from_o hence_o into_o greece_n lead_v say_v pliny_n in_o his_o eight_o book_n and_o in_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o inventour_n of_o thing_n midacritus_n first_o bring_v out_o of_o the_o island_n cassitiris_n but_o as_o touch_v these_o island_n listen_v what_o strabo_n say_v in_o his_o three_o book_n of_o geography_n towards_o the_o end_n the_o island_n cassiterides_n be_v in_o number_n ten_o near_o one_o unto_o another_o situate_v in_o the_o deep_a sea_n northward_o from_o the_o haven_n of_o the_o artabri_n one_o of_o they_o be_v desert_n the_o rest_n be_v inhabit_v by_o man_n wear_v black_a garment_n clad_v in_o side-coat_n reach_v down_o to_o their_o ankle_n gird_v about_o the_o breast_n and_o go_v with_o staff_n like_v unto_o the_o fury_n in_o tragedy_n they_o live_v of_o their_o cattle_n straggle_a and_o wander_v after_o a_o sort_n as_o have_v no_o certain_a abide_n place_n metal_n mine_n they_o have_v of_o tin_n and_o of_o lead_n in_o lieu_n whereof_o and_o of_o skin_n and_o fur_n they_o receive_v by_o exchange_n from_o the_o merchant_n earthen_a vessel_n salt_n and_o brazen_a work_n at_o the_o beginning_n the_o phoenician_n only_o trade_v thither_o from_o gades_n and_o conceal_v from_o other_o this_o their_o navigation_n but_o when_o the_o roman_n follow_v a_o certain_a master_n of_o a_o ship_n that_o they_o themselves_o may_v learn_v this_o traffic_n of_o merchandise_n he_o upon_o a_o spiteful_a envy_n run_v his_o ship_n for_o the_o nonce_n upon_o the_o sand_n and_o after_o he_o have_v bring_v they_o that_o follow_v after_o into_o the_o same_o danger_n of_o destruction_n himself_o escape_v the_o shipwreck_n and_o out_o of_o the_o common_a treasury_n receive_v the_o worth_n of_o the_o commodity_n and_o ware_n that_o he_o lose_v howbeit_o the_o roman_n after_o they_o have_v try_v many_o time_n learn_v at_o length_n the_o voyage_n hither_o afterward_o publius_n crassus_n when_o he_o have_v sail_v thither_o and_o see_v how_o they_o dig_v not_o very_o deep_a in_o these_o mine_n and_o that_o the_o people_n be_v lover_n of_o peace_n and_o live_v quiet_o desirous_a also_o to_o sail_v upon_o the_o sea_n he_o show_v the_o feat_n thereof_o to_o as_o many_o as_o be_v willing_a to_o learn_v although_o they_o be_v to_o sail_v a_o great_a sea_n than_o that_o which_o reach_v from_o thence_o to_o britain_n but_o to_o discourse_v no_o far_o whether_o these_o be_v the_o ancient_a cassiterides_n or_o no_o and_o to_o return_v to_o silly_a there_o be_v about_o a_o hundred_o forty_o and_o five_o land_n carry_v this_o name_n all_o clad_v with_o grass_n or_o cover_v with_o a_o greenish_a moss_n beside_o many_o hideous_a rock_n and_o great_a craggy_a stone_n raise_v head_n above_o water_n situate_v as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o circle_n round_o eight_o league_n from_o the_o land_n end_n or_o utmost_a point_n of_o cornwall_n west-south-west_n some_o of_o they_o yield_v sufficient_a store_n of_o corn_n but_o all_o of_o they_o have_v abundance_n of_o coney_n crane_n swan_n heron_n and_o other_o sea-foule_a the_o great_a of_o they_o all_o be_v that_o which_o take_v the_o name_n of_o saint_n marie_n have_v a_o town_n so_o name_v and_o be_v about_o eight_o mile_n in_o compass_n offer_v a_o good_a harbour_n to_o sailor_n in_o a_o sandy_a bay_n wherein_o they_o may_v anchor_v at_o six_o seven_o and_o eight_o fathom_n but_o in_o the_o entry_n lie_v some_o rock_n on_o either_o side_n it_o have_v have_v ancient_o a_o castle_n which_o have_v yield_v to_o the_o force_n of_o time_n but_o for_o the_o same_o queen_n elizabeth_n in_o the_o year_n 1593._o when_o the_o spaniard_n call_v in_o by_o the_o leaguer_n of_o france_n begin_v to_o nestle_v in_o little_a britain_n build_v a_o new_a castle_n with_o fair_a and_o strong_a ravelines_n maria._n and_o name_v the_o same_o stella_n maria_n in_o respect_n both_o of_o the_o ravelines_n which_o resemble_v the_o ray_n of_o a_o star_n and_o the_o name_n of_o the_o isle_n for_o defence_n whereof_o she_o there_o place_v a_o garrison_n under_o the_o command_n of_o sir_n francis_n godolphin_n doubtless_o these_o be_v those_o land_n which_o as_o solinus_n write_v a_o