Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	east_n	lie_v	sail_v	1,949	5	10.3764	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A07619	The abridgement or summarie of the Scots chronicles with a short description of their originall, from the comming of Gathelus their first progenitor out of Græcia into Egypt. And their comming into Portingall and Spaine, and of their kings and gouernours in Spaine, Ireland and Albion, now called Scotland, (howbeit the whole number are not extant) with a true chronologie of all their kings. Their reignes, deaths and burials, from Fergusius the first king of Scotland, vntill his Royall Maiestie, now happily raigning ouer all Great Brittaine and Ireland, and all the isles to them appertaining. With a true description and diuision of the whole realme of Scotland, and of the principall cities, townes, abbies, fortes, castles, towers and riuers, and of the commodities in euery part thereof, and of the isles in generall, with a memoriall of the most rare and wonderfull things in Scotland. By Iohn Monipennie.	Monipennie, John.	1612 (1612)	STC 18014	80,300	130

Horse it hath fiue great Riuers rich in Salmond and many little waters plenty of Salmond and other Fishes The Sea running in the land on all sides make many Salt waters Thrée principall and 13. others all rich in Herring There is in it a fresh water Loch and ●…e Castles About the Skye lye little Ilands scattered here and there Oronsa fertill in Corne and store Cunicularia full of Bushes and Connyes next is Paba 8. miles frō Paba Southwest lyes Scalpa which besides sundry other commodities hath woods full of troopes of Déere Betwixt the mouth of Zochcarron and Raorsa lies Crulinga 7. miles of length and two of bredth there is a sure Hauen in it for ships There are in it also woods full of Bucke and Déere Halfe a mile from Crulinga is Rona full of wood and hadder with a good Hauen in the innermost Lorh thereof in the mouth of the same Lorh is an Iland of the same Name called Ger-loch From Rona sixe miles Northward lyes Flada Two miles from Flada Euilmena Upon the South side of Skye lyes Oronsa and a mile from it Knya Pabra and great Bina and then fiue little Ilands Next vnto them is Isa fertill in Cornes Beside it is Ouia then Askerma and Lindell●… 8. miles from Skye Southward lyes Linga and Gigarmena Benera Megala Pana Flada Scarpa Veruecum Sandara Vatersa which by many other good commodityes hath a Hauen commodious for a number of great Ships whereinto Fishermen of all Countreys about conuene certayne times of the yere ordinarily These last nine Ilands are subiect to the Bishop of the Iles. Two miles from Vatersa is Barra running from the Northwest to the Southeast seuen miles in length fruitfull of cornes and aboundant in Fish there runneth in it a Lorh with a narrow throat growing round and wide within in it there is an Inche and therein a strong Castle Upon the Northside of Barra there riseth an Hill full of Hearbs from the foote to the head vpon the top whereof is a fresh water Well The spring that runneth from this Well to the next Sea caryes with it little things like as they were quicke but hauing the shape of no beast which appeare although obscurely in some respect to represent the fish that is commonly called Cockles The people that dwell there call the part of the shore whereunto these things are carryed The great Sands because that when the Sea ebbes there appeares nothing but dry Sands the space of a mile Out of these Sands the people dig out great Cockles which the Neighbours about iudge eyther to grow as it were of that séede that the springs doe bring from the well or else indéede to grow in that Sea Betwixt Barra and Wist lye these Ilands Oronsa Onia Hakerseta Garnlanga Flada great Buya little Buya Haya Hell S●… Gigaia Lingaia Foraia Fudaia Erisoaia From these Ilands Vistus lyes Northward 34. miles of length and 6. of bredth The tide of the Sea running in two places of this I le causeth it to appeare thrée Ilands but when the tide is out it becommeth all one Iland In it are many fresh water Loches specially one thrée miles long The Sea hath worne in vpon the Land and made it selfe a passage to this Loch and can neuer be holden out albeit the Inhabitants haue made a wall of 60. foote broad to that effect The water entereth in amongst the stones that are builded vp together and leaues behind it at the ebbe many Sea Fishes There is a Fish in it like to the Salmond in all things except that with the white wombe it hath a blacke backe and wanteth scales In this Iland are many fresh water Loches sundry Caues couered with Hadder In it are fiue Churches Eyght miles West from it lyes Hel●…ther Vetularum pertayning to the Nunnes of the I le of Ione A little further North riseth Haneskera about this Iland at certayne times of the yéere are many Sealches they are taken by the Countrey men Southwest almost 60. miles lyes Hirta fertill in Cornes and store and specially in Shéepe greater then any other Shéepe in any other Ilands About the 17. day of Iune the Lord of this Iland sendeth his Chamberlayne to gather his dutyes and with him a Minister who baptizeth all the Children that are borne the yéere preceding and if the Minister come not euery man baptizeth his owne Child This Hirtha is the last and farthest Ile in Albion so that betwixt the I le of Man being the first I le in Albion and this I le there is 377. miles Returning to Wistus from the north point thereof is the Iland Velaia two miles long and one mile of bredth Betwixt this point and the Iland 〈◊〉 lyes Soa Stroma Pabaia Barneraia E●…saia Keligira little Saga great Saga Harmodra Scaria Grialinga Cillinsa Hea Hoia little Soa great Soa Isa great Seuna little Seuna Taransa Slegana Tuemon All these Ilands are fruitfull of Cornes and store Aboue Horea is Scarpa And halfe a mile towards the West Equinoctiall from the Lewis lys seuen little Ilands named Flananae some holy place in old times of girth or refuge rising vp in hill●…s full of Hearbs Further North in the same ranke lyes Garn-Ellan that is she hard I le Lamba Flada Kellasa little Bernera great Bernera Kirta great Bina little Bina Vexaia Pabaia great Sigrama Cunicularia plenty of Conyes little Sigrama The Iland of the Pigmeis wherein there is a Church in which the Pigmeis were buried as they that are neighbours to this Iland beléeue Sundry strangers digging déepely in the ground sometimes haue found yet to this day doe find very little round heads and other little bones of mans body which seemes to approue the truth and apparance of the common bruite In the Northeast side of the Iland Leogus there are 2. Loches running foorth of the Sea named The North and South Loches wherein at all times of the yéere there is abundance of Fish for all men that list to take them From the same side of the Loch somewhat more Southerly lyes Fabilla Adams Iland The Lambe Iland Item Hulmetia Viccoilla Hana Rera Laxa Era The Dowe Iland Tora Affurta Scalpa Flada Senta at the East side thereof there is a passage vnder the earth vaulted aboue a flight shoote of length into the which little Boates may eyther sayle or row for eschewing of the violent tide Somewhat Eastwards lyes an Iland named Old Castle a roome strong of nature and plenty of Cornes Fish and Egges of Sea Fowles to nourish the Inhabitants At that side where Lochbrien enters is situate the Iland Ew More Northerly lyes the Iland Grumorta both these Ilands full of Wood. The Iland named The Priests Iland lyes the same way profitable for pastorage of Shéepe and full of Sea Fowles Next vnto it is Afulla and great Habrera then little Habrera and néere vnto it The Horse I le and then Marta Ika These last mentioned Ilands lye all before the

entrie of Lochbrie●… and from them North lye Hary and Lewis 16. miles of length and 16. of bredth These 3. make an Iland which is not deuided by any Hauen 〈◊〉 Port of the Sea but by the seuerall Lordships of the heritours thereof The South part is named Haray in it sometime was the Abbey Roadilla builded by Maccleude Har●…is a Countrey fertill inough in Cornes and good Pastorage with a high Hill ouercouered with grasse to the very top many Shéepe are séene féeding there masterlesse pertayning peculiarly to no man for there is neyther Woolfe Foxe or Serpent séene there albeit betwixt that and Lewis there bee great Woods full of Déere In that part of the Iland is a Water well stored of Salmond and other Fishes Upon the North-side it is well manured Upon the Sea side there are foure Churches one Castle 7. great running Waters and 12. lesse all plentifull of Salmond and other Fishes The Sea enters in the Land in diuers parts making sundry salt water Loches all plentifull of Herring with abundance of Shéepe In this Countrey is great abundance of Barley In this Iland is such abundance of Whales taken as aged men report their tenth will extend to 27. Whales also a great Caue wherein the Sea at a low water abides two faddome high and at a full Sea foure faddome déepe People of all sort and ages sit vpon the Rocks thereof with hooke and line taking great multitude of all kind of Fishes Southeast from Lewis almost 60. miles there is a fertill Iland low and playne ●…alled Rona well manured the Lord of the ground limits certayne number of Households to occupy it appoynting for euery Household few or many Shéepe according to his pleasure whereon they may easily liue and pay his rent In this Iland is a Chappell dedicated to Saint Ronan wherein as aged men report there is alwayes a Spade wherewith when any is dead they find the place of his graue marked Besides other Fishes in this Iland is great plenty of Whales Sixetéene miles from Rona West lyes Suilkeraia a mile of length but in it growes no kind of Hearbe not so much as Hadder Sea Fowles lay Egges there and doe hatch They of Leogus next neighbours vnto it get great profit thereby In that Iland is séene a rare kind of Fowle vnknowne to other Countreyes called Colca little lesse then a Goose they come in the Spring time euery yéere hatch and nourish their Young ones They cast their Feathers which haue no stalke like vnto downe Now follow the Iles of Orknay of olde called The Realme of the Picts lying scattered partly in the Deucalidon Sea partly in the Germane Seas The common people to this day are very carefull to kéepe the ancient frugality of their Predecessors and in that respect they continue in good health for the most part both in mind and body so that few dye of sicknesse but all for age They haue Barley and Oates whereof they make both bread and drinke They haue sufficient ●…ore of quicke goods Neate Shéepe and Goates great plenty of Milke Chéese and Butter They haue innumerable Sea Fowles whereof and of Fish for the most part they make their common foode There is no Uenemous Beast in Orknay There is is no kind of Trée except Hadder They haue an old Cup amongst them called Saint Magnus Cup the first man that brought the Christian Religion in that Countrey There are about 33. Ilands in Orknay whereof 13. are inhabited the remnant are reserued for nourishing of Cattell The greatest Ile is named Pomona The firme land thirtie miles of length sufficiently inhabited It hath 12. Countrey Parish Churches and one Towne called Kirkwaa In this Towne there are two Towers builded not farre the one from the other One of them appertaynes to the King the other appertaynes to the Bishop Betwixt these 2. Towers stands one Church very magnifique betwixt the Church and the Towers on eyther side are sundry goodly buildings which the Inhabitants name The Kings Towne and The Bishops Towne The whole Iland runnes out in Promontories or heads the Sea running in and makes sure Hauens for ships and Harbours for Boates. In 6. sundry places of this I le there are Mynes of good Lead and Tinne as is to be found in any part of Britayne This Iland is distant from Caithnes about 24. miles diuided by the Picts Sea In this Sea are diuers Ilands scattered here and there of whom Stroma lying 4. miles from Caithnes is one very fruitfull the Earles of Caithnes being Lords thereof Northward lyes South Ranalsa 5. miles long with a commodious Hauen with 2. little Ilands or Holmes good for Pastorage Toward the North lyes Burra Suna Flata Fara Hoia and VValles In these Ilands are the highest Hilles that are in all Orknay Hoia and Walles are 10. miles of length distant from Ranalsay eyght miles and more then twentie from Dunkirke in Caithnes North is the I le Granisa and Cobesa Siapinsa turning somewhat East lyes two miles from Kirkwaa euen oueragaynst it sixe miles of length Right West from Siapinsa are Garsa and Eglisa 4. miles of length In this Iland they say Saint Magnus is buried Next and somewhat neerer the continent land is Rusa foure miles of length and thrée miles of bredth well peopled Westward lyes the Iland Broca Some Ilands lye to the North as Stronza next Linga fiue miles of length and two of bredth Haa fiue miles of length and two of bredth By East lyes Fara And North from Fara lyes Wastra running out in the Sea in Promontories or heads Aboue Stronza at the East end of Etha lyes Sanda Northward 10. miles of length and foure of bredth most fertill of Cornes of all the Iles of Orknay but it hath no kind of fire within it making exchange of Cornes for Peats Beyond Sanda lyes North Ranalsaa 2. miles of length and two of bredth Upon the South si●…e of Pomona lyes Rusa 6. miles of length and from it Eastward Eglisa South Veragersa and not farre from it Westraa from which Hethland is distant 80. miles and Papastronza lyes 80. miles from Hethland In the midway betwixt lyes Fara that is the ●…yre Iland standing in the sight of Orknay and Hethland both it riseth in thrée Promontories or heads and shore Craig round about without any kind of entrance except at the Southeast where it growes little lower making a sure Harboro●… for small Boates. Next is the greatest Ile of all Hethland named The Mayne-land 16. miles of length There are sundry Promontories or heads in it specially two one long and small which runnes North the other broader in some part 16. miles runnes north-Northeast inhabited vpon the Sea coast There is good Fishing in all these parts the peoples commodity standing most by the Sea Ten miles North lyes Zeall 20. miles of length and 8. miles of bredth the Bremes Marchants doe bring all wares néedfull Betwixt this

The abridgement or Summarie of the Scots Chronicles with a short description of their originall from the comming of GATHELVS their first Progenitor out of Graecia into Egypt And their comming into Portingall and Spaine and of their Kings and Gouernours in Spaine Ireland and Albion now called Scotland howbeit the whole number are not extant with a true Chronologie of all their KINGS Their Reignes Deaths and Burials from FERGVSIVS the first King of Scotland vntill his Royall MAIESTIE now happily Raigning ouer all Great Brittaine and Ireland and all the Isles to them appertaining With a true description and diuision of the whole Realme of Scotland and of the principall Cities Townes Abbies Fortes Castles Towers and Riuers and of the commodities in euery part thereof and of the Isles in generall with a memoriall of the most rare and wonderfull things in SCOTLAND By IOHN MONIPENNIE Printed at Brittaines Bursse by Iohn Budge 1614. To the most High and Mightie Monarch IAMES by the grace of God King of Great Britane France and Ireland defender of the faith c. IT May be by many iustly most gracious Soueraigne imputed to me for no small presumption to present to your Royall Maiestie a Prince of so great learning and excellent iudgement these simple fruits of my vnskilfull endeuours taken in this short abridgement In most humble and obedient manner I do preferre vnto your Highnesse these my weake and vnlearned labours according to my ability which how vnworthy they be of so great a princely fauour as wel for the meannesse of me the writer as for the plainnesse and rudenesse of the stile yet if for the worthinesse of the matter and of your Maiesties great accustomed clemency vouchsafe then your Highnesse fauourable regard they shall be as fortunate as if they had beene composed by greater more learned men wherein briefly ●…ay be seene the great and infinite mercy of God towards your royall person that it hath pleased his superexcellent wisedome by his mighty power to preserue your Highnesse ancient Kingdome of Scotland vnconquered vnder the Empire and gouernment of one hundreth and sixe Kings your Maiesties royall progenitors and in speciall when almost the whole world was brought vnder the Romane Empire by the sword Also to reduce in one peaceable Monarch these ancient mighty landes many Ilands which haue bene diuided in many seuerall Kingdomes one of Britons seuen of Saxons one of Scots one of Pictes one of Orkenay and sixe of Ireland also some of the valiant and illustre noble actes of your Highnesse most royall and ancient progenitors and of their raignes liues deathes and burials Accept them most mightie Monarch I most humbly beseech your royall Maiesty in your Highnesse gracious protection and according to my bounden dutie incessantly with all humility I will pray the great God of all might and power to his eternall glory long to preserue your Royall Maiestie and your gracious Queene in blessed health and peace to raigne ouer these your Highnesse great vnited Kingdomes and to enlarge the same and your Maiesties most royall and hopefull posterity to the worlds end Your Maiesties most humble and obedient Subiect IOHN MONIPENNY THE ABRIDGMENT OR SVMMARY OF the Scots CHONICLE WITH A SHORT DESCRIPTION of their originall from the comming of GATHELVS their Progenitour out of Graecia into Egypt and of their Kings and Gouernours in Spaine Ireland and Albion howbeit the whole number are not extant with a true Chronologie of all their Kings lineally descended from FERGVSIVS the first King of Scotland vnto his sacred Maiestie now happily reigning ouer all Great Britaine Ireland and all the Isles to them appertaining GATHELVS son of CECROPS King of ATHENS by his insolence made many inuasions in Macedonia and Achaia in Graecia And because he could not suffer correction he with many valiant Grecians came into Egypt followed Pharao in his warres against the Aethiopians who with great cruelty had wasted the most part of Egypt vnto Memphis the principall citie of that Realme Pharao with support of Gathelus vanquished and ouercame the Aethiopians in a most dangerous battell And Gathelus valiantly vanquished and wanne their principall citie called Meroe After this great victory he being a lusty person strong of body and of a great spirit wan great fauour with the King and his familiars that the Kings daughter SCOTA was giuen in marriage vnto Gathelus with many lands Shortly after Pharao died and another Pharao succeeded who opprest the Israelites with great seruitude and tyranny Gathelus abhorring such cruelty conferring with MOYSES also hauing respons of the Oracles of Egypt was foreseene of the plagues to come vpon Egypt made prouision for all things necessary for sayling and tooke shipping with his wife Scota his valiant Grecians and many Egyptians from the riuer Nilus the yeare of the world 2453. After long sayling and trauell he arriued at the land of Numidia being stopped to land he pulled vp sailes and with dangerous and painfull passage through the Straites he landed in one part of Spaine then called Lusi●…nia by his arriuall called Portgathel now Portingall at his landing the olde inhabitants came against him with arrayed battell whom he vanquished He builded one Citie vpon the riuer Munda then called Brachare now called Barsolona Then after he came into the North part of Spaine now called Gal●…ia where he builded a citie called Brigance now Compostella where he reigned with Princely dignity and instituted lawes and named his people Scottes after his wife Scota for she had born vnto him two sonnes twinnes HIBER and HEMICVS He brought with him from Egypt the marble fatall chaire which was transported to Ireland and to Albion now called Scotland wherein all their Kings were crowned vntil the time of King Edward the first who transported the whole ancient regall monuments of Scotland with the marble fatall chaire to Westminster where it remaineth to this day The Scots shall brooke that Realme as natiue ground If words faile not where euer this chaire is found Gathelus sitting in his marble chaire within this citie of Brigance gouerned his people with Princelydignity peaceably and instituted lawes And seeing his people encrease with such great multitude and not willing to violate the bande made with the old inhabitants being informed by diuers expert explorators that there was an Isle opposite to Spaine on the North with a rude people inhabited hauing no lawes nor manners Therefore he brought all the shippes he could get with expedition to the next Sea port with sufficient prouision with Hiber and Hemicus accompanied with valiant warriours and ordeyned Hiber to be Admirall to passe the said Isle which they obeyed hoisting sayles with fortunate windes arriued the fift day after in the said Island Immediately landing their people then pitched their Tents on the next trenches The rude inhabitants amazed at the arriuing and landing of such a multitude of warriours fledde with their cattell and goods into their Cauernes Hiber commaunding

is in length threescore miles vpon Lochfyne is situate the Castle Palace and towne of Inraray the principall residence of the Earle of Argyle Also doth the Sheriffe of Argyle keepe his Courts of Iustice this Loch is most plentifull of Herings and all other fishes On this Loch are situate diuers Castles and Gentlemens places as Castle Lauchlane the Otter and Dunetrewne in Knapdall is Loghaw and therein a little Ile where there is a strong Castle of the same name there is also the Castle of Tarbat In Argyle is the strong Castle of Carriek builded vpon a rocke within Loch goyle there is also the Colledge of Kilmun the water of Awe runneth out of Loch-how and is the onely water of all that countrey that doe run in the Dewcalidon Sea South and by VVest from Knapdall lieth Kantere The head land of the countrey right ouer against Ireland deuided by the sea of the breath of sixteen miles onely In Kantere is the Castles of Dunauerty and Sadell the towne and Castle of Kilkerraine situate in the Loch of the same name Kantere is more long then broad ioyning to Knapdal by so narrow a throat about one mile of breadth which ground is sandy and lieth so plaine and low that Marriners drawing along their vessels as gallies and boats through it makes their iourney a great deale shorter then to passe about Kintire which is the common passage Lorne lies next Contaygne with Argyla on the backe thereof where standeth the most ancient Castle of Dunestaffage in which were the Kinges of Scotland in old times crowned where also the Marble fatall Chaire remained more then one thousand yeares In Lorne are also the Castles of Carnacery and that of Makdules built vpon a right rockie mountaine The countrie of Argyle Knapdall Cowell do abound of bestiall kye sheepe and great store of venison and abundant in fishes Lorne marcheth still with Argyle vntill it come to Haber or rather Loch-haber A plaine countrey not vnfruitfull The countrey where the hilles of Grangebean are most easie to be trauelled named broad Alben that is to say the highest part of Scotland And the highest part ●…of broad-Albin is called Drumalbin that is the backe of Scotland so termed For forth of the backe waters doe run in both the seas Some to the North and some South Habre or rather Lochaber marcheth with Badzenoch which hath as it were a backe running out through the midst of it which spouts forth waters in both the seas Lochaber marching with Badzenoch tending by little and little towards the Deucalidon sea a country aboundant in cornes and great plenty of fishes for besides the abundance of fresh water fishes produced by a great number ot waters the Sea runnes within the countrey in a long channell and being narrow at the mouth the water kept in betwixt two high bankes and spreading wide inward makes the forme of a Stanke or rather of a Loch a place where ships may lie sure as in a hauen adiacent with Calkmananshire lies Fyffe beginning at the towne of Torre-burne with the castles of Torre Cromby Pickfirran Pictincreiff the towne of Dumfermling and Abbey thereof founded by King Dauid the first the Kings of Scotland were buried there a long time the Pallace therof now repaired by the Queenes Maiesties cōmand charges where the Earle of Dumfermling Chancellor of Scotland hath his residence The towne of Lymkellis with the castle of Rossynh the towne of the Queens ferry vpon the North. In the middle of Forth vpon a rocke is the fortresse decayed castle of Inchgaruy By East lies in the same water Saint Colmis Inch with a demolished Abbey abundant with conies and good pasturing for sheepe Next in the mid Firth lies Inchkeith with a demolished Fortresse fertile of conies and good for pasturing of sheepe East from Inchkeith within Forth lies a very high and big Rocke inuironed with the Sea called the Basse inuincible hauing vpon the top a fresh spring where the Solane geese repaires much and are very profitable to the owner of the said strength Next the Basse in the mouth of Forth lies the I le of May a mile long and three quarters of a mile in breadth there was a religious house with many fresh water springs with a fresh Loch abundant with Eeles This I le is a goodly refuge for saylers in time of tempest By East the I le of May twelue miles from all land in the German seas lies a great hidden rocke called Inchcape very dangerous for nauigators because it is ouerflowed euery tide It is reported in old times vpon the said rocke there was a Bel fixed vpon a tree or timber which rang continually being moued by the Sea giuing notice to the saylers of the danger This Bell or Clocke was put there and maintained by the Abbot of Aber-brothok and being taken downe by a Sea Pirote who a yeare thereafter perished vpon the same rocke with ship and goods in the righteous iudgement of God Returning to the ancient towne of Innerkething adioyning thereto is the most comfortable and safe refuge for saylers in time of storme called Saint Margarets hope The castles of Dunnybirsill Dalgatie and Fordell the towne and castel of Aberdour the Loch of Cowstoun the castell of Orterstoun the towne of Brunt-Iland with the castle the castels of Balmuto Balwery Hal-randes and Raith The towne and castell of Kingrne the castles of Seyfield and Abbots-hall the towne of Kirkealdy the castles of Bogy Rauens-houch the Lord Sinclairis speciall residence towne of Dysart the towne of VVesterwemis and the castle the castle of Easterwemis the Lord Colweil chiefe residence the townes of Buckhauen and Lewynis mouth so named from the riuer of Lewin out which comes of Loch-Lewin the towne of Kenneway the castles of Dury Lundy and Largow with the towne thereof the castles of Rires Bulchares and Kinnochar with the Loch thereof the towne of Earles ferry the castles of Kelly and Ardrosse towne of Eliot The towne and castles of Saint Monanes Carnbie and Balkaskie the towne and Abbey of Pictonweme the Lord of Pictonwemes residence the townes of Anstruther with the castle the castles of Bofy Pitterthy the townes of Innergelly and Siluer-dikes the castles of Erdry third part West-Berns the towne of Craile with the Prouestry and demolished castle the castles and towres of Balcomy Wormestoun Randerstoun Newhall Camno Kipper Pitmille Kinkell Strawithy Lamberletham Lachochar The Citie of Sanctandros the Metropolitane and Archbishops Seat with a strong Castle and Abbey decored with three Vniuersities for learning in all sciences In old time the Churches in this Citie most curionsly and sumptuously builded and now decayed from this Citie West vpon the water of Eddin lies the Castles of Nydy Rumgary Dairsey Blebo The towne of Cowper the chiefe Iustice seate the Castle of Corstoun the Castle of Struther the Lord Lendsayes principall residence the Castles of Inglishtarwet Craighall Bruntoun Balgony the towne of Merkinsche the towne of

Iland and the mayne-Mayne-land lye Linga Orna Bigga Sanctferri Two miles Northward lyes Vnsta more then 20. miles of length and sixe miles of bredth a pleasant Countrey and playne Via and Vra are betwixt Vnsta and Zeall Skenna and Burna lye Westward from Vnsta Balta Hunega Forlora seuen miles long and seuen miles Eastward from Vnsta Mecla with the thrée Ilands of east Skennia ●…hualsa Nostwad●… Brasa and Musa vpon the West side lye West Sche●…niae Rorira little Papa Veneda great Papa Valla Trondar Burra great Haura little Haura and many other Holmes lying scattered amongst them The Hethlandish men vse the same kind of foode that the Orkney man vse but that they are more scarce in house kéeping In this Iland no kind of Shée Beast will liue 24. houres together except Ky Ewes Conyes and such like beasts as may be eaten The people are apparelled after the Almayne fa●…ion and according to their substance not vnséemely Their commodity consisteth in course Cloth which they sell to Norway men with Fish Oyle and Butter They fish in little Cockboates bought from Norway men that make them they salt some of the Fish that they take and some of them they dry in the wind They sell th●…se Wares and pay their Masters with the siluer thereof ¶ Of the great plenty of Hares Red Deere and other wild Beasts in Scotland Of the strange propertyes of sundry Scottish Dogges And of the nature of Salmond HAuing made this speciall description of the Realme of Scotland Now touching some things concerning the same in generall In the Fields and in al places of the Countrey except the parts where continuall habitation of people makes impediment there is great abundance of Hares Red Déere Fallow Déere Roes Wild Horses Wolues and Foxes specially in the High Countreys of Athole Argyle Lorne Loch-aber Marre and Badzenoch where is sundry times séene 1500. Red Déere being hunted all together These Wild Horses are not gotten but by great sleight policy for in the Winter season the Inhabitants turne certayne tame Horses and Mares amongst them wherewith in the end they grow so familiar that they afterward go with them to fro and finally home into their Masters Yards where they bee taken and soone broken to their hands the Owners obtayning great profit thereby The W●…lues are most fierce and noysome vnto the Heards and Flockes in all parts of Scotland Foxes doe much mischiefe in all steads chiefly in the Mountaynes where they be hardly hunted howbeit Arte hath deuised a meane to preuent their malice and to preserue the Poultry in some part and especially in Glenmoores euery house nourishes a young Foxe then killing the same they mixe the flesh thereof amongst such meate as they giue vnto the Fowles and other little bestiall And by this meanes so many Fowles or Cattel as eate hereof are safely preserued from the danger of the Foxe by the space of almost two moneths after so that they may wander whither they will for the Foxes smelling the flesh of their fellowes yet in their crops will in no wayes meddle with them but eschew and know such a one although it were among a hundred of other In Scotland are Dogs of marueylous condition aboue the nature of other Dogs The first is a Hound of great swiftnes hardines and strength fierce and cruel vpon all wild beasts and eger against Thieues that offer their masters any violence The second is a Rach or Hound very exquisite in following the foote which is called drawing whether it be of man or beast yea he will pursue any maner of fowle and find out whatsoeuer fish haunting the land or lurking amongst the Rocks specially the Otter by that excellent sent of smelling wherewith he is indewed The third sort is no greater then the aforesayd Raches in colour for the most part red with blacke spots or else blacke full of red marks These are so skilfull being vsed by practize that they will pursue a Thiefe or thiefe-stollen Goods in most precize maner and finding the trespasser with great audacity they will make a race vpon him or if he take the water for his safegard he shrinketh not to follow him and entering and issuing at the same places where the party went in and out he neuer ceaseth to range till he hath noysed his footing and be come to the place wherein the Thiefe is shrowded or hid These Dogs are called Sleuthhounds There was a Law amongst the borderers of England and Scotland that whosoeuer denyed entrance to such a Hound in pursute mads after Fellons and stollen goods should be holden as accessary vnto the theft or taken for the selfe same Thiefe Of Fowles such as I meane liue by prey there are sundry sorts in Scotland as Eagles Falcons Go●…hawks Sparhawks Marlions and such like but of water Fowles there is so great store that the report thereof may séeme to excéede all credit There are other kinds of Fowles the like are rare to be séene as the Capercaily greater in body then the Rauen liuing onely by the rindes barks of trées There are also many Moore Cockes and Hennes which abstayning from corne doe ●…éede onely vpon Hadder crops These two are very delicate in eating the third is reddish blacke of colour in quantity comparable to the Pheasant and no lesse delicious in taste and sauour at the table called The blacke or wilde Cocks Salmond is more plentifull in Scotland then in any other Region of the world in Haruest time they come from the Seas vp in smal Riuers where the waters are most shallow and there the Male and Female rubbing their bellies or wombs one agaynst the other they shed their Spawne which foorthwith they couer with sand and grauell and so depart away from hencefoorth they are gaunt and ●…lender and in appearance so leane appearing nought else but skin and bone and therefore out of vse and season to be eaten Some say if they touch any their full fellowes during the time of their leanenesse the same side which they touched will likewise become leane The foresayd Spawne and milt being hidden in the sand as you haue heard in the next ●…pring doth yéeld great numbers of little Fry so nesh and tender for a long time that till they come to be so great as a mans finger if you catch any of them they melt away as it were gelly or a blob of water from henceforth they go to the Sea where within 20. dayes they grow to a reasonable greatnesse and then returning to the place of their generation they shew a notable spectacle to be con●…idered There are many Lin●…es or p●…oles which being in some places among the Rockes very shallow abou●… and déepe beneath with the fall of the water and thereto the Salmond not able to pierce through the channell eyther for swiftnesse of the course or depth of the discent hee goeth so n●…re vnto the side of