the first King of the Britains after the Romans forsook them who is here supposed to have been slain and buried Cambden Ambrisi Ambrisius a River in the remotest Aethiopia in the Kingdom of Congo it ariseth in the Mountains near the City of Tinda and falls into the Aethiopick Ocean between Lelunda and the Lose about 5 deg from the Line South Ambroise a small Town at the entrance into Piedmont upon the River Doria Near to it stands the celebrated Abby of L'Ecluse that they say was built by the hands of Angels belonging to the Benedictines and one of the four chief Houses in Europe of that Order Ambroni an antient People of Switzerlandâ— or according to some of Dauphiné in France on the side of Ambrune Marius gave them a bloody Overthrow near the little River Arc in Provence between Aix and S. Maximin in the year of Rome 652. The Marks of this Victory being yet extant upon the Rests of a Pyramid there Ambrune a City in the Dauphinate of France call'd in Latin Ebrodunum It is an Archbishops See small but strong seated upon the River Durance which falls into the Rhosne one League beneath Avignon it lies 23 Leagues North-East of Grenoble and 37 from Liâ—nt Amel a Kingdom of Africa upon the Atlantick Ocean between the Outlets of the River Niger and on the Western side of it Amelant an Island belonging to the Dutch in the German Ocean on the Shoars of Friseland Amelia a City of S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy said to be built 964 years before Perseus It is an independent Bishops See about 6 Miles from Narni The Ameria of the Antients and the birth-place of that Roscius whose Cause is defended by Cicero AMERICA the Fourth Part of the World and greater than the other Three Wholly unknown to us till 1499. when Christopher Columbo or Colono a Genouese first discovered it at the Charges of Ferdinando and Isabella King and Queen of Spain Americus Vespuccio a Florentine seven years after being sent by Emanuel King of Portugal went further and discovered the Continent and from him it has its Name but it is no less frequently call'd the West-Indies It lies in length from North to South under the shape of two vast Peninsula's knit together by the Streights of Panama where the Land is not above 17 Leagues from Sea to Sea On the Western side it has the Pacifick Ocean on the East the Atlantick on the South the Streights of Magellan or Le-Maire but as to the North the Bounds of it are not discoâ—ered by reason of the great Cold and nearness to the Northern Pole Great part of it is under the Spaniards viz. Peru New Spain Terra firma Paragua Chili and many of the Northern and Southern Islands yet divers of the Maritime parts are under the Portugals English French and Hollanders Particularly the English either by being first Occupants or else by Conquest have made themselves Masters of the large Northern Continents adjoining to Hudson's Bay New England Virginia Mary-Land Carolina and of many adjacent Islands and in the more Southern Parts they are possessed of the wealthy Islands of Jamaica Barbadoes Mevis c. Those Natives that live in these parts with the Europeans are much civilized but those that inhabit the Inland Countries retain their antient barbarous Customs This vast Continent is divided into the Southern and Northern Ameica by the Bay of Mexico and the Streights of Panama The Islands which lie about it in both the Oceans are too numerous to be here recounted Amersford a small Town in the State of Vtrecht in Holland upon the River Em under the Dominion of the United States tho once an Imperial City In 1624. it was taken by the Spaniards but soon after retaken by the Dutch and in 1672. it fell into the hands of the French who deserted it two years after It lies about 3 Leagues East of Vtrecht Amersham a Market-Town in Buckinghamshire See Agmundesham Amhara See Amara Amida See Caramit Amiens Samarobrina Samarobriga the chief City of Picardy and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Rheims it stands upon the River Somme mid-way in the Road between Calais and Paris about 25 French Miles from each It was a long time the Frontier Town of France surprized by the Spaniards in 1597. but soon after retaken by that Victorious Prince Henry IV. Built by Antonius Pius the Emperour and was call'd at first Samarobriga that is the Bridge upon Samara In the Cathedral Church of Nostre Dame they preserve the Head of S. John Baptist which they say was found by a Gentleman of Picardy at the taking of Constantinople in 1204. as a most extraordinary Relique There is an Historical Treatise of this Head written by the Sieur du Cange The Country l' Amiennois takes it Name from Amiens Amilo Amulus a River in Mauritania mention'd by Pliny Amiterno an antient City in the Province of Abruzzo in Italy and sometime an Episcopal See which has been translated to Aquila It was the Birth place of the Historian Salust The Ruins of a Theatre a Church and a great Tower are yet to be seen Amititan or Amuitan a Lake in New Spain in America Amixoeares an American People of Brasil Ammerze Ammer a great Lake or Marsh in Bavaria in Germany The Ammonites an antient People of Palestine descended from Ammon the Son of Lot in the History of the Old Testament famous for their Wars with Israel who gave them several great Defeats under Jephtha Saul Joab Joatham and Judas Macchabeus § Also another antient People of Libya in Africa who lived toward the Temple of Jupiter Ammon Amond Almon a River in the County of Lothain in Scotland It falls into Edenburg Fyrth Amone or Lamone a River arising at the foot of the Apennines in Italy and passing by Faenza to fall into the Po near Ravenna Amorbach Amorbachium a Town of Franconia in Germany upon the River Muldt under the Elector of Mentz Amorium an antient City of Phrygia in Asia Minor and sometime an Archiepiscopal See under the Patriarch of Constantinople Taken and burnt by the Saracens in 840. The Amorites an antient People of Palestine descended from Canaan who with their two Kings Sehon and Og were vanquish'd by the Israelites and their Country distributed amongst the Tribes of Ruben Gad and Manasseh Ampatres an Indian People in the Island of Madagascar Ampelusia Ampelos a Cape upon the Streights of Gibraltar in Mauritania Tingitana now call'd Cape Esparto § Also a Town and Cape in Macedonia call'd now Capo Canistro § And a Cape in Crete now call'd Capo Sagro Amphaxe a small Town upon the Gulph of Contessa in Macedonia It did antiently give Name to the Country Amphaxites Amphipolis See Emboli Amphryse a River in Thessalia § Another in Phrygia in Asia Minor and a Town in Phocis Ampthill a Market-Town in Bedfordshire The Earl of Alesbury has a noble Seat here Ampurdan a Country of Catalonia its capital City was the
of it is to be seen the Bridge of Loyang over the River Loyang 360 Perches long about one and an half broad so curiously contrived with great Pillars instead of Arches and so finely imbellished with Sculptures as no where to find a Parallel in the World Cividad del Roy Philippo a Colony of Spaniards planted in Magellanica at the Mouth of the Streights of Magellan but dissipated by Famine again it being far remote from their Countries and seldom visited Civita Nova a small Town in the Marcha Anconitana in Italy 5 or 6 Miles from Loretto and near the Adriatick upon a Hill dignified with the Title of a Dukedom Civita Busella Bucellum a Town in the hither Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples upon the River Sangro Civita Vecchia a famous Port in S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy believed by some to be the Centum Cellae of the Antients Civitella a Town in the farther Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples upon a Rock with the River Librata at the Foot of it Besieged by the French in 1557. under the Duke of Guise in vain Clagenfurt Clagenfurtum Claudia the Capital Town of the Dutchy of Carinthia in Germany â— Leagues from the River Drave and the same Distance from S. Veir There is a great Lake near it It is a fortified Town See Klagenfurt Clain Clanis Clitis a River of the Province of Poictou in France which having received the Vonne the ClouÌ„ere c. passes by Poictiers and loses its Name at length in the Vienne below Chasteleraud Clairvaux Clarevallum a famous Abbey of Champaigne upon the River Aube in the Diocese of Langres 5 or 6 Leagues from the said City Founded in the Year 1115. by the Great S. Bernard Himself being the first Abbot Who left above â—00 Religious in it at his Death Hence the Title of Abbas Clarevallensis given that very Divine Person Clare Clarence Clarentia a Country-Village in the County of Suffolk upon the River Stour which divideth Essex from Suffolk about 6 Miles West of Sudbury It had once a Castle but now ruined yet famous for the great Men who have born the Titles of Earls or Duke of it The last of which was George Duke of Clarence Brother to Edward IV. King of England who in 1421. was drowned in a Butt of Malmesey The second King at Arms retains the Surname of Clarencieux as appertaining formerly to the Dukes of Clarence At present the Title of Earl of Clare is in the Family of Hollis § There is also a Town and County in the Province of Connaught in Ireland of this Name the former standing near the Fall of the River Fergus into the Shannon Clarendon or Clarindon is a Noble Country House and Park belonging heretofore to the Kings of England about 2 Miles North of Salisbury in Wiltshire Famous of old for a Parliament here held in 1164. where were made the Constitutions of Clarindon Charles II. of blessed Memory added a new and lasting Honor to this Place when April 20. 1661. three Days before his Coronation he created the Loyal Edward Hide late Lord Chancellor Earl of Clarâ—ndon Viscount Cornbury c. who dying at Roüen in Normandy in 1674. was succeeded by Henry his eldest Son a Person of great Virtue and Goodness Clarentia or Clarenza a Country in the Morea described to contain the antient Achaia properly so called Sicyonia and Corinth Heretofore renowned under particular Dukes of its own The capital City bears the same Name of Clarenza Claros a mountainous Island of the Aegean Sea consecrated in antient times to Apollo Called at present Calamo § The Name of Claros is likewise born by a Town now unknown but mentioned we find amongst the Antients as belonging to the Colophonii in Ionia Apollo having had an Oracle in it and his Attribute thence deriv'd of Clarius Deus Claven Cleven Clavenna a small City in the Valtoline with an Earldom call'd by the Germans the Graffschaft von Cleven This City stands 5 Leagues from the Lake that bears its Name to the North upon the River Maiera called by the French Chiavenne Clausenbourg Claudipolis called by the Inhabitants Coloswar is the principal Town in Transylvania great populous and ennobled with an antient Castle All the Publick Affairs of that Principality are transacted and Justice administred here It stands upon the River Samosch nine German Miles from A'ba Jùlia North and fifteen from Waradin East The Duke of Lorrain put into it an Imperial Garrison Oct. 19. 1687. upon Articles agreed in a peaceable manner by the Magistrates and Governor for the late Prince Abafti Clay a Market-Town in the County of Norfolk and the Hundred of Holt. Clazomenae the Birth-place of the Philosopher Anaxagoras an antient City of Ionia in Asia Minor built in the Year of Rome 98. upon the Aegeun Sea betwixt Smyrna and Chio. Clebuâ—g Mortimer a Market-Town in Shropshire in the Hundred of Stottesden Clerac or Clairac a Town in the County of Agennois in Guyenne in France 4 Leagues from Agen and the same Distance from Nerac It stands upon the River Lot which a little below falls into the Garonne And has a famous Abbey in it Clermont en Argene a Town in the Dukedom of Bar upon the River Ayr four Leagues from Verdun West and seven from Barleduc North-East This belongeth to the Duke of Lorrain but in 1654. was taken from him and annexed to the Crown of France It is honoured with the Title of an Earldom Clermont en Auvergne Arvernae Claromons Claromontium the principal City of the Province of Auvergne and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourges It stands upon a declining ground in a Territory called Limaigne which is very fruitful upon the River Tiretaine twenty Leagues South of Moulins and twenty five East of Limoges Here was a General Council celebrated in 1095. under Pope Vrban II. in which the Croisade for the recovery of the Holy Land was concluded and Godfrey of Bouillon declared General of the same Also Philip I. King of France was excommunicated until his repentance for Adultery This is thought to have arisen out of the Ruines of Gergovia an old Roman Town It is honoured with the Title of an Earldom belonging to the Crown ever since the Union of Auvergne with the Crown Clermont on Beauvais a Town in the Isle of France five Leagues South of Beauvais in the North-East Border of that County The Earldom of this place is famous for giving a beginning to the Royal House of Bourbon in the Person of Robert of France Earl of Clormont en Beavais the Son of St. Lewis Clermont de Lodeve a Town in Languedoc upon the River Lorgue four and twenty Leagues from Avignon West So distinguished because standing in the Diocese of Lodeve It gives Name to an Honourable Family and is beautified with a Collegiate Church a Cattle and some Monasteries § There are other Clermonts in this Kingdom One in Danphine in the Territory of Viennois giving the Title of an Earldom
to Count Teckeley who commanded the Action for seventy Rix Dollars Crosno Crosna a small City in the Black Russia in the Kingdom of Poland in the Palatinate of Primyslie near the Carpathian Hills and the Rivers Visloc and Jasiolde Crossen Crossa a City in the Province of Silesia and Kingdom of Bohemia upon the River Oder where it entertains the River Borber from the South about ten Miles above Franckfort This is the Capital of a small Dukedom which being many Ages ago mortgaged to the Duke of Brandenburg and not redeemed in due time has ever since been in his Possession Crotona an ancient City in the Further Calabria in Italy which is now a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio Milo and several other famous Athletae were Natives of this place in whose times it was no less than twelve Miles in circuit Croty a Sea-Port on the North side of the Somme in Picardy two French Miles from Asselane to the South and the same distance from Caen in Normandy to the North. Crouch one of the little Rivers of the County of Essex Crow or le Crou Crodoldus sometimes called Gonnesse is a River in the Isle of France which arising above a Village called Louvre five Miles East from St. Dennis falls into the Seine at S. Dennis Crowland a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Ellow upon the River Weeland in a very fenny low ground The best Streets of it are severed from each other not unlike Venice by interjacent Water-courses and the Causeys leading to it so narrow that no Carts can possibly pass which may justifie the Proverb saying All the Carts which come to Crowland are shod with Silver Croy a Village in Picardy two or three Leagues from Amiens giving its Name to a Family of Honor in the Low Countreys Croydon or Croyden Neomagus a Market Town in Surrey the Capital of its Hundred seated near the Spring head of the River Wandle nine Miles from London where the Archbishop of Canterbury has a Countrey House it has an Hospital for the Poor and a Free-School for Children founded by Archbishop Whitgift Crumaw or Crumeaw Crumaviae a Town in the Province of Moravia in Germany betwixt Brin and Znaim adorned with the Title of a Dukedom and a fine Castle Crussol a Seigniory in the Province of Vivaretz in France near the Rhosne giving its Name and the Title of Earl to an Honourable Family Cresiphon an ancient Town of the Kingdom of Assyria near the Tygris said to be built by the Parthians Cuama or Coama a River of the Kingdom of Sofala in Africa said to derive its Source from the Lake of Sachaf where it has the Name of Zamber towards the Mountains of the Moon the same Lake that the Moderns take to be the Head of the Nile Cuba an Island in the Bay of Mexico in America to the South of Florida which is one of the greatest that belongs to that part of the World It has on the East Hispaniola divided from it by a Bay of the breadth of fourteen Spanish Leagues on the West the firm Land of America on the South Jamaica at the distance of nineteen Leagues In length two hundred Spanish Leagues in breadth not above thirty five The greatest part of it is Mountainous but well watered Infinitely peopled when the Spaniards discovered it but they destroy'd all the Inhabitants and have not been able yet to people it themselves so that the greatest part is desolate This and Jamaica were the first Places of America which Columbus discovered in 1492. There are six Cities in this Island the principal of which is St. Jago on the South side and Havana a noble and well fortified Sea-Port on the North side under the Tropick of Cancer Cuckfield or Cuxfield a Market Town in Sussex in Lewis Rape Cuco a strong City by Situation upon a high Hill in the Kingdom of Algiers in Africa towards the River Major The Soil it stands in affords plenty of all things necessary for humane life Cucusa an ancient City of Armenia the Less upon the Frontiers of Cilioia and Cappadocia having formerly born the honour of an Episcopal See and the more remark'd in History for being the place whither S. John Chrysostom was banished by the order of the Empress Eudoxa Cuenca Concâ—a a City of New Castile in Spain which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo the Capital of La Sierra It stands in a Rocky and Mountainous Country upon the River Xucar twenty five Leagues East from Toledo and thirty four West from Valencia Built by the Goths out of the Ruines of a Roman City called Valeria not far distant The Moors became next Masters of it and kept it till 1177. when the Spaniards recovered it again Cueva a Town in the Kingdom of Castile in Spain giving its Name there to a Family of Honor. Cufa a City of Chaldaea or Yerach in Asia upon the West side of Euphrates sixty Miles South from Bagdet or Babylon on the Borders of Arabia Deserta and heretofore the Residence of the Califfs after that it was under the Persians and at present under the Turks being much declined from its ancient Splendor Wealth and Greatness Long. 79. 10. and Lat. 32. 00. forty five German Miles above Balsera North. Cuhiung a City and Territory of the Province of Junnan in China having Jurisdiction over six other old Cities and standing in a fruitful and pleasant Country that is provided with Mines of Silver and Precious Stones Cujavio Cujavia a Province of the Kingdom of Poland bounded on all sides by the greater Poland but the North where it has Prussia The chief Town is Brestia Brezestie ten Miles from Thorn to the South and thirty from Damzick Culhu Cullus a Town and Port upon the Mediterranean in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa where the River Collo or Culhu is discharged into the Sea betwixt Hipone and Bugia Culliton a Market Town in Devonshire the Capital of its Hundred Culm a City of Poland upon the Vistula in Prussia built upon a Hill This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnesa though heretofore under the Archbishop of Riga built in 1223. by the Knights of the Teutonick Order but having suffered much in the Swedish Wars it is now almost desolate and the Bishop has removed his Palace to Colme three Miles more to the East Culm stands twenty Miles South of Dantzick and ten North from Waldislaw and is the Capital of a little Country adjacent called by the Inhabitants Colmischland Culembach Culembachium a small Town in Franconia upon the River Mayn near the Rise of it six Miles from Bamberg East and as many from Coberg South-East the Capital of a Marquisate belonging to the Duke of Brandenburg and part of the Burgravate of Noremburg between the Territory of Bamberg to the West Misnia to the North Bohemia and Bavaria to the East and Norimburg to the South belonging also to the Duke of Brandenburg Culembourg
for adhering to the Party of Albinus against him burning a great part of the City Gratianus the Emperor was perfidiously murthered in this City in 384. Majoranus General to Leo the Emperour at the request of Sidonius Apollinarus repaired and beautified this City very much about 460. But this was no long-lived splendor the Goths and Almains soon after prevailing against the Romans in France In the Reign of Clothaire King of France about 532. an end being put to the Kingdom of Burgundy erected here by the Goths this City fell into the Hands of the French In the Reign of Gunthram King of Metz between 565. and 596. this City was again burnt nor did it suffer less from the Moors about 730. who were called by the remainder of the Goths against the Franks About 955. it was given to Conrade I. King of Burgundy After this it was for some time subject to the Counts of the Forest till 1173. The See was founded by S. Potinus and Irenaeus the first of which suffered Martyrdom here about 177. Anno 1079. Pope Gregory VII is said to have made it an Archbishops See doubtless it was so long before Pope Clement V. was crowned here in the presence of Philip the Fair King of France Edward I. of England and James King of Arragon in 1305. There have been many Councils held here The most celebrated was that in 1245. under Innocent IV. against Frederick II. where that Prince was deposed as an Heretick for Intelligence with the Sultan and Familiarity with his Women which produced a destructive War in Germany and Italy There was another in 1274. under Pope Gregory X. against the Greek Church in which were five hundred Bishops sixty or seventy Archbishops and one thousand other Ecclesiasticks together with the Patriarchs of Antioch and Constantinople c. Long. 26. 00. Lat. 45. 15. Lyonnois Lugdunensis Provincia is a small Province in France having on the East la Bresse and the Dauphine on the South and West le Foretz and on the North le Beaujolois it has on the East the Rhosne and extends from it to the West about twelve Leagues in length about fifteen Lyons en Forest Leones a small Town in Normandy incompassed with Woods and Forests upon the River Orleau four Leagues from Roan to the East Lyon en Beausse a Village in that Province seven Leagues from Orleans to the North. Lyon sur Loyre a Village in Orleans in the Confines of Berry one League above Sully to the East Lysmore See Lismore M A. MAara Spelunca Sidoniorum a Grott or Cave in Palestine in the Territory of Great Zidon or the Land of the Sidonians mentioned Josh 13. 4. In the year 1161. the Christians secured themselves for sometime here against the Saracens Macandan a Promontory in Africa called by the Ancients Arsinarium now commonly Cape Verde Macao Amacao Amacum a City in China in the Province of Quantum upon the South part of that Kingdom in Long. 141. 30. Lat. 23. 00. Built upon a small Island with two Forts heretofore under the Portuguese during which times it was a celebrated Mart much frequented and very rich but being now in the hands of the Tartars who have conquered China it decays a pace and is much declined from what it was Macaria a Lake or Marsh near Marathon a Town in Attica in which a considerable part of the Forces of Xerxes King of Persia perished being beaten by the Grecians both by Sea and Land at the same time and in their flight forced into this unpassable place by the pursuers Whence the Proverb in Macariam abi for a Curse § This also was the ancient Name of a City in the Island of Cyprus now become a Village and called Jalines The whole Island of Cyprus had the Title of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 given it by the Greeks from its fertility And the Island of Maczua in the Gulph of Arabia has been honoured with the same Macascar Macassar Macasaria a great Island in the Indian Sea sometimes called Celebes Extended from North to South two hundred French Leagues and one hundred broad there are in it six Kingdoms Macasar Cion Sanguin Cauripana Getigan and Supara the two principal Cities are Macasar and Bantachia The South parts are much frequented by the English and Dutch which latter of late in 1669. have severely treated the King of Macascar whose Dominions lie in the South of the Island and comprehend the far greatest part of it This Island lies between the Molucco's to the East and Borneo to the West and is sometimes ascribed to the former The Line cutteth the Northern part of it The Inhabitants heretofore went naked did eat Mans Flesh and had all the Criminals of the Molucco's sent over to them for that purpose but they are much civilized Two young Princes of this Country Brothers that were bred at Siam in the Mahometan Religion and sent to Paris by the King of Siam to be instructed in Christianity on October 17. 1687. received Christian Baptism at Paris It produces plenty Rice Fruit Cocao Cattle Fish besides Gold Ivory Cotton c. The City Macasar stands in the South part and enjoys the benefit of a good Port. Macclesfield or Maxfield a large fair Market Town in Cheshire upon the River Bollin The Capital of its Hundred Adorned with the Title of an Earldom in the Person of the Right Honourable Charles Gerard. Macchia a Dutchy in the Capitanata in the Kingdom of Naples Macedonia is a Kingdom of great antiquity and fame in Greece Anciently bounded by the Adriatick Sea to the West the Aegean Sea to the East now called the Archipelago the Vpper Moesia a part of Illyricum now called Servia cut off by Mount Sandus to the North and on the South it had Epirus Thessalia and Achaia It was then divided into four parts as Livy saith under which were twenty six Provinces and at this day though Albania which was of old a part of it is dismembred yet the remainder is divided into four parts by the Turks 1. Jamboli of old Macedonia prima and secunda which lies East between Thrace and the Bay of Thessalonica 2. Macedonia properly so called lies between Mount Karoponitze to the North Thessalia to the South and the Bay of Thessalonica to the East 3. Comenolitari the third part Macedonia tertia and part of Thessalia has Macedonia properly so called on the North Albania on the West Thessalia on the South and the same Bay on the East 4. Janna lies yet more South and is the remainder of that which was anciently called Thessalia on the North it has Commenolitari on the West Epirus on the South Livadia and on the East the Archipelago and Bay of Negropont The Reader may observe that Thessalia is now a part of Macedonia though anciently not and Albania which anciently was a part of it now is a separate Kingdom both are under the Turks This Country anciently divided into one hundred and fifty Tribes or
Pont near Belsey in the County of Northumberland giving the Title of Earl to the Duke of Newcastle and its name to the VVard it stands in It did formerly belong to the Barons Ogle Oglio Ollio Ollius a River in the States of Venice in Italy it springeth from the Mountains above Edulum in the Borders of Switzerland in the Valteline and flowing through Brescia or Brexa into the Lake de Iseo it leaves it at Calepio a little lower separating the Territory of Brescia from that of Cremona or the State of Venice from the Dukedom of Milan and watering part of the Dukedom of Mantoua it falls into the Po at Burgoforte Oie a County in Picardy It is extended from Calais as far as to Graveling and Dunkirk and hath a Town in it of the same name The Spaniards during the Civil Wars of the League possessed themselves of this County till by the Treaty of Vervin in 1598. it was surrendred again to the Crown of France The English heretosore held it above two Ages § There is a small Island Oie near that of Rè upon the Coast of Saintonge in Aquitain L'Oise Osesia Isauria Oesia Aesia a River of France which ariseth in Picardy in the Confines of Hainault and Champagne and washing Guise Lafere and Noyon at Compeigne it takes in the Aysne a bigger River than it self so by Pont S. Maxiente Beaumont and Pont Oyse falls into the Seyne six Miles below Paris towards Roan Okeham or Oakham the Capital Town of the County of Rutland seated in the rich and pleasant Vale of Catmoss and said to derive its name from the plenty of Oaks growing in its neighbourhood It has a Castle where the Assises are kept a Frecschool and a Hospital And by an ancient Privilege belonging to its Royalty a Nobleman entering on horseback within its Precincts pays the homage of a Shooe from his Horse Therefore upon the door of the Shire-Hall there are many Horse-shooes nailed and over the Judges Seat in the same one curiously wrought five foot and a half long with a breadth proportionable But this Homage or Forfeiture may be commuted for money Okehampton a Borough and Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Black-Torring It returns two Members of Parliament Old or Ould Olitis a River in Quercy in France Olde or Oude Vlda a River in Bretagne Oldenburg Oldenburgum Brannesia a small City in VVestphalia the Capital of a County of the same name seated upon the River Honta twenty five Miles from Breman to the West and forty from Embden to the East Built by Otho the Great and almost totally ruined by Fire in the year 1676. that very day the Citizens were to have taken the Oath of Allegiance to the King of Denmark The County of Oldemburg is a small County in the Circle of VVestphalia between East-Friesland to the West the Dukedom of Bremen to the East the Bishoprick of Munster to the South and the German Ocean to the North. Very fruitful especially as to Pasture and Cattle the Air is cold and Foggy This for a long time was under Counts of its own who are derived from VVittikindus the last King and first Duke of the Saxons VValepart one of his Nephews in 850. being the Earl of Oldemburg This Line continued with some small variation for twenty three or twenty four Descents and in 1676. failed Since which it has been annexed to the Crown of Denmark that King being descended of the Eldest Branch of the Earls of Oldenburg Oldenborg a Town in Holstein in the Territory of Wageren once a Bishops See but removed long since to Lubeck it stands not above three Miles from the Baltick Sea and thirty from Lubeck to the North. Oldenpo Oldenpoa a Tract in Esthonia in Livonia between Lettonia to the South Esthonia properly so called to the West Alentak to the North and Moscovy to the East under the Swedes the chief Town in it is Tonspat Oldenzeel or Oldensel Odesalia a strong Town in Overyssel in the Vnited Netherlands taken and dismantled by the Hollanders in 1626. Oldeslo Oldensloe Oldesloa a Town in Holstein in Wageren upon the River Trava in the Borders of Lavemburg three German Miles from Lubeck to the West and five from Hamburgh to the South-East The King of Denmark erected here a spacious Fortification in 1688. At which Lubeck was not a little alarm'd Oleron Vliarus an Island on the Coast of Aquitain belonging to the Duchy thereof upon the Shoar of Saintonge against the Mouth of the River Charente two Leagues from the Continent Six from North to South two from East to West strengthened by a very strong Castle on the South Side and universally famous for the Sea-Laws here Published by Richard I. King of England at his Return from the Holy Land in the fifth year of his Reign at which time this Island lay under the Dominion of the Kings of England This is the same Island with the Olarion of Sidonius Apollinaris which he says yields plenty of Rabbets Oleron or Oleron sur le Gave Oloronensis urbis Huro Hurona Elarona Loronensium Civitas a City of Bearn in the South of France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aux Destroyed by the Normans in the year 1080. and rebuilt by Centulus one of the Earls of this Province upon a Branch of the Gave thence called Le Gave de Oleron ten Leagues from Tarbes to the West eighteen from Dax to the South and twenty four from Pampelona to the North. It stands upon an Eminence having an old Tower Olika Olica a City in Volhinia a Province of Poland five Miles from Lucko to the South-East which in 1651. sustained a Siege against the Cossacks and preserved it self out of their Hands Olinde Olinda a Maritim City of Brasil in America the Capital of the Province of Pernambuc Taken by the Hollanders in 1629. and fortified but afterwards deserted and returned under the Crown of Portugal This City stands upon a Hill near the Mouth of the River Bibiribe has a Castle called S. George and a large Haven In 1676. it was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Salvadore Olivenza Evandria Oliventia a strong City of Portugal upon the River Guadiana three Leagues from Elvas to the South-West and twelve from Evora to the East Taken by the Spaniards in 1658. and restored to the Portuguese by the Treaty of Peace at Lisbon in 1688. Olivero Oliverio Helicon a River on the North of Sicily The Mount of Olives Mons Olivetus a Mount in the Vicinage to the East of the City Jerusalem in Palestine which hath the Valley of Jehosaphat lying betwixt Jerusalem and it and the Brook Kedron gliding at its Foot About two thousand Paces in length from North to South and six hundred in heighth affording a delightful Prospect not only over Jerusalem but towards the Mountains of Arabia towards Jordain and the Dead Sea Hebron and Samaria It breaks into three Points or little Hills whereof the
in Limosin and watering Limoges entereth La Marche passeth into Poictou and three Leagues above Saumur to the East falls into the Loyre Vieste Viesta Apeneste a City in the Capitanato a Province of the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Manfredonia and stands at the foot of Mount Gargani upon the Adriatick Sea 25 Miles from Manfredonia to the South-East Built out of the Ruins of Marinum an antient Roman City which was honoured with a Bishops See and mentioned by Pliny Vietri a Town and Dutchy in the Kingdom of Naples near Salerno Vigazolo Vigisole Togisonus a Lake in the Territory of Padoua in Lombardy Vigenne Vincenna a River of Burgundy Vigevano Viglebanum Vergeminum a small City with a strong Castle in the Dukedom of Milan in 1530. made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan from which it stands 20 Miles to the West and 12 from Novara upon the River Tecino There is a small County belonging to it of the same name Vignori Vangionis Rivus a Town in Champagne Vihitz Vihitza a City of Croatia also called Bigion upon a small Lake made by the River Wana 45 Miles from Segna or Zeng to the East and from Zara ro the North formerly the Capital of Croatia and a Hanse Town Uikesland a Tract in Esthonia in Livonia between Reval and Pernaw upon the Baltick Sea under the Swedes Uilaine Vindana Herius Vicennonia Vidana a River of Bretagne in France which watering Rennes the Capital of that Province falls into the British Sea between Nantes and Vannes Uilla de Chiesa Villa Ecclesiae a City on the South side of the Island of Sardinia which is a Bishops See ever since the year 1513. but little and not much inhabited Uilach Cacorum Villachum a City of the Vpper Carinthia upon the Drave where it receives the Geyla in the Dominions of the Bishop of Bamberg eighteen Miles from Clagonfurt to the West and forty six from Vdine to the North. Uilla Franca a Town in Piedmont in the County of Nizza with a large Port on the Mediterranean Sea Built in 1295. by Charles II. King of Naples five Miles from Nizza to the West and from Monaco to the same Near this place the French defeated Prosper Colonna in 1516. Uille Franche de Conflent Villa Franca Consluentum a City of Rousillon in the Mountains upon the River Thetis at the soot of the Pyren ten Leagues from Perpignan to the West Uille Franche de Rovergue a great City of Aquitain in the Province of Rovergue upon the River Veronium eight Leagues from Rhodes to the West and from Caors to the East § There is another Town of this name in the Territory of Beaujolois Uillemur a Town in Languedoc Uillena Bigerra once a City of the Bastitana's mentioned by Livy Ptolemy and some others Now a Town in the Kingdom of Murcia in the Borders of Valencia twelve Leagues from Murcia to the North. As appears by several ancient Inscriptions there found Uilne Vilna a City in the Kingdom of Poland called by the Inhabitants Wilenski by the Poles Wylna by the Germans Wilde and Wildaw by the French Vilne and Vilna It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnesna and the Capital of Lithuania Built in 1305. by Gedemin Great Duke of Lithuania and since become a very great City Ill handled by the Russ in 1655. when they took it The Swedes have since regained and rebuilt it In 1579. there was an University opened here by King Stephen It stands upon a River of the same name one hundred and thirty Polish Miles from Cracow to the South-East and forty eight from Riga to the South Long. 49. 50. Lat. 55. 10. Uilss Quintanica a River of Bavaria Uimen Vinemagum Vimesium a Tract in Picardy between Normandy to the South the Mouth of the Somme to the North and the British Sea to the West Uimory a Village in the Province of Gastinois in France one League from Montargis where the Duke of Guise obtained a Victory over the Foreign Forces that came to the succor of the Huguenots in 1587. Uinay the same with Vence Uincennes a famous Palace and Castle Royal near Paris to the East surrounded with a large Park which Philip the August K. of France walled in 1183. There was a Castle standing there at that time Philip de Valois in 1327. demolish'd that old Castle and laid the foundations of a new one in the same place K. John carried on the Work and Charles V. born here in 1338 brought it to perfection In 1614. The Qu. Regent of France Maria de Medicis adorned it with a Gallery and 1660. Lewis XIV established both the Palace and Castle in their present State Three of the Kings of France have died here Lewis X. in 1316. Henry V. K. of England and by Conquest of France in 1422. Charles IX in 1574. The Chappel of the Castle received its Foundation from Charles V. in 1379. In this Chappel the body of Card. Mazarine dying here in 1661 rested till in the year 1684 it was removed to the Church of the College of his own name at Paris and his heart given to the Theatines The Castle now serves for a Prison of State and Persons of great note have often found their Tombs in it Uindish Marck Vindorum Marchia a part of the Dukedom of Carniola between Croatia to the East Czirknitzerzee to the West and the Save to the North. The principal places of which are Metling Rudelswerd and Ribnick Uinoxberg See Bergue S. Vinoch a City of Flanders Taken by the French in 1646. Retaken by the Spaniards in 1658. Uintuniglia Albintiminium Albintemelium Vintimilium a City of Liguria in the States of Genoua which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan fifteen Miles from Nizza to the West Uipao Frigius a River of Carniola called by the Germans Wipach by the Italians Vipao It ariseth out of the Alpes in the Borders of Carniola near the Castle of Wipach and flowing through the Dukedom of Goritia between it and Gratz falls into the Isonzo Upon the Banks of this River Theodosius the Great overthrew Eugenius the Usurper in 394. Uique See Vich Uire Viria a City in the Lower Normandy of good esteem upon a River of the same name twelve Leagues from Caen to the North-West and a little more from Coutance to the East Uirginia a Country in North America Bounded on the South by Carolina on the East by the Vergivian Ocean on the North by Maryland on the West by Mountains and a vast Tract of undiscovered Lands First discovered by Sabastian Cabot a Portuguese in an English Ship in 1497. Viewed by Sir Fran. Drake called Virginia by Sir Walter Rawleigh in Honour of Qu. Elizabeth in 1584. First planted in 1607. by Sir John Popham The Air is pleasant and wholsome except in the Lowlands and Marshes Subject to violent changes especially when the North-West Winds blow which coming from Mountains always covered with Snow
Africa Adda Addua a River that parts the Dukedom of Milan from the State of Venice it ariseth in the Alpes and falls into the Po 6 Miles above Cremona towards Placentia also the name of a Country in the Milanese betwixt this River and Serio memorable for the Victory obtained by Lewis XII of France over the Venetians May. 14. 1509. Adea a Kingdom of Aethiopia in Africa extended upon the Eastern Ocean at the entrance of the Red Sea It was once under the Kings of Aethiopia but has now a King who doth not depend upon them Magadoxo the Capital of this Kingdom and a Sea-Port is become a separate Kingdom also it lies in three degrees of Northern Latitude Adegele Chrysorrhoas a River of Damascus in Scripture called Pharpar it flows through Damascus and its fields where it is lost and never reacheth the Sea its Fountains are in Libanus This is one of the Rivers mentioned by Naaman the Syrian 2 King 5. as better than all the Waters of Israel Adel a small Kingdom in Africa at the mouth of the Red Sea heretofore called Azania with a City and a River of the same name Adelsperg Postonia Pistonia a Town in Croatia Aden a very strong Town in Arabia Foelix at the Foot of the Mountains not far from the Mouth of the Red Sea It has a very large Sea-Port and is also the head of a Kingdom of the same name The Turks in 1538. took this Town and hang'd up their King but not long after the Inhabitants revolted and put themselves under the Protection of the King of Mocha and expelled the Turks again This Country was known to the Romans by the name of Adana who had here a great Trade § Also a Mountain in the Kingdom of Fez remarkable for Mines of Silver § There is a City of the same name in Cilicia which is an Archbishoprick under the Patriarch of Antioch upon the River Malmistra or Piramus and often mention'd by the antient Geographers Ader or Eder a Tower within a Mile of Bethlehem said to be built by the Patriarch Jacob and that here the Shepherds were advertised by Angels of the Birth of our Saviour Aderborn a small Town in Pomerania upon the Oder a little above Stetin belonging to the Swedes Aderburg a small Town in the Electorate of Brandenbourg upon the Oder Adiabene a Province of the antient Assyria which for some time was itself a Kingdom now called Bolan or according to others Mesere and Sarca It s two Rivers Adiabas and Diabas are mention'd by A. Marcellinus Admirati a River of Sicily Whether this or Bajaria be the Eleutherus of the Antients is a dispute amongst Geographers Adon a small River of Bretagne in France which falls into the Vilaine Adonis a River of Phaenicia in Syria arising near to Mount Libanus and dividing the Kingdom and Patriarchate of Jerusalem from Tripoli and the Patriarchate of Antioch falls into the Mediterranean near Gibel Adour a River of Aquitain vide Dour Adra a small Sea-Coast Town in the Kingdom of Granada in Spain with a Port and a strong Castle it stands upon the Mediterranean Sea 9 Leagues to the West of Almeria which has robb'd it of the Bishops Sea heretofore belonging to it Adran Adranon a Town in Sicily of old famous for an Idol Temple of the name Adraon Adraton a City and sometime a Bishops See in Arabia mention'd corruptly by the name of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the 16th Session of the Council of Chalcedon Adraste a Territory and an ancient City in Mysia famous heretofore for a Temple dedicated to Nemesis Adria Atri Hadria a City and an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Ravenna in the Polesine in the States of Venice little inhabited Some believe the Adriatique Ocean which we now call the Gulph of Venice derived its Name from hence Adrianople Vscudama Oresta is a City in the midst of Thrace taken by Bajazet in 1362. after which it became the Seat of their Empire till the takeing of Constantinople An. 1403. This City was rebuilt by Hadrian the Roman Emperor from whom it has its Name but is now called by the Turks Endrem by the French Adrianople It is an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Constantinople and is distant from it 150 Miles West being seated upon the River Mariza Hebrus The late deposed Emperor of the Turks for the most part resided in it he hating Constantinople and loving Hunting Adrinza the present Name of Assyria once the Mistris of the World Adrobe a River of that part of the Asian Tartary which is subject to the Moscovites it falls into the Wolga beneath Cazan Adrumete the same with Mahometa Adula the Name of a part of the Alpes from S. Gothard Aduliten Adulis an antient City in Africa upon the red Sea now called Ercoco Adyrmachides an antient People of Libya towards Egypt Their Daughters newly married were presented to their King who had a right to use or refuse them Aethiopia is about one half of Africa it is divided into two parts the Upper and the Lower The Upper is bounded on the North by Egypt and Libya on the West by the Lower Aethiopia as also on the South on the East it is bounded by the Red Sea and the Arabian and Barbarian Bays it contains Nubia Abissinia the Kingdoms of Muaci Macoci and Zanguebar c. The Lower Aethiopia is bounded on the North by Libya on the East by the Upper Aethiopia on the West and South by the Aethiopian Ocean It contains the Kingdoms of Monomotapa and Monemugi the Western Aethiopians which are divided into the Kingdoms of Congi Loangi and Angola c. This more Southern Part of Africa which was little known to the Ancients was found out by the Portugals Aferat The present Name of Euphrates one of the most celebrated Rivers in the World called by the Arabians Frat it springeth from the Mountains of Armenia Major and running to the West receives the Harpage and Arsametes then it bends to the South and divides the greater Armenia from the lesser Then it washeth Mesopotamia on the West and South and divides it from Syria and Arabia Deserta and at Cresiphon it runs into the Tigris with which it falls into the Persian Gulph beneath Teredon and Balsera Afra a strong Castle upon the Frontiers of Zaara in Africa and stands divided into Egypt Barbary Biledulgerid or Numidia Zaara or Libya Nigritia and Aethiopia AFRICA one of the four principal Parts of the Earth so called by the Grecians because it seldom feels any Cold it is bounded on the North by the Mediterranean Sea on the West and South by the Ocean on the East by the Arabian Gulph and the Red Sea being only joyned to Asia by a Neck of Land It was anciently known no farther South than to the Mountains of the Moon till the Portugueses of late discovered the Southern Parts The inland parts of it are generally barren and
South-East Aquileja is call'd by the French Aquilee by the Germans Aglar and Aglareu a Patriarchal City of Italy in antient times very great and one of the principal Cities of Italy the Residence of some Emperours In 452. Attila King of the Huns took and destroyed it after a Siege of 3 Years after this being rebuilt by Narsetes it was again Burnt and Ruin'd by the Lombards in 590. and was after this rebuilt by Poponâ— Patriarch of it In antient times it was under the temporal Jurisdiction of these Patriarchs but being afterwards taken by the Dukes of Austria it remains to this day in their hands It is now almost desolate by reason of its bad Air troublesom Rubbish and Ruins and the Vicinity of Venice which draws all Trade from it This City lies between the River Isonzo to the East and Ansa to the West and is not above 9 Miles distant from the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea on the North. It lies in 36. 10. Long. and 45. 45. Lat. Aquino Aquinum a very antient City in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Capona and heretofore a Roman Colony Almost Ruin'd and little consiberable now but for its being the Birth-place of S. Thomas Aquinas as formerly of the Poet Juvenal Aquisgrana Aquisgranum See Aix la Chapelle Aqutaine Aquatania a third Part of the antient Gaul supposed to be so call'd from the abundance of its Waters The Emperour Augustus divided it into Prima and Secunda including within both Bordeaux Agne Angoulesme Xaintes Poitiers Perigueux Bourges Clermont Rodes Albi Cahors Limoges Mende and Puy Whereunto the Emperour Adrian added a third Province by the Name of Novempopulonia See Gascoigne This Country continued in Obedience to the Roman Empire till Honorius about the Year 412. yielded part thereof to Athaulfe King of the Goths whose Successours took occasion thereupon to Usurp the whole About the Year 630. it came into the Possession of the Crown of France entirely The Gascoigners soon revoulted giving to Eudos their Leader the Title of Duke of Aquitain which brought on a War that was not ended till the powerful Reign of Charles the Great In 778. Charles the Great erected Aquitaine into a Kingdom in the Person of Lewis the Debonnaire his Son It continued a Kingdom about 100 Years and then broke into particular Fiefs and Hereditaments In 1152. it came to the Crown of England as Dukes of Aquitaine in the right of Eleanor Wife to Henry II. For its fortunes since see Gascoigne Arabia is a very large Country in Asia having on the North Syria and Diarbechia upon the East the Persian Gulph and the Streights of Basor by which it is separated from Persia on the South it has the Arabian Sea and on the West the Red Sea which cuts it off in great part from Africa The Southern and Eastern parts which are the greatest are well cultivated but the Northern is for the most part barren and sandy having but few Inhabitants or Cities by reason of the vast Desarts barren Mountains and want of Water It is all under Princes of its own except a small part of Arabia Petraea in which the Turks have some few Forts This vast Country is divided into three Parts viz. The Desart The Happy and The Stony Arabia Deserta the Desart is the least part of all the three and lies most North call'd by the Asiaticks Berii Arabistan bounded on the South by the Mountains of Arabia the Happy on the East by the Province of Iraca heretofore Chaldea upon the North by Diarvechia from which it is separated by the River Euphrates upon the West by Syria the Holy Land and Arabia the Stony Arabia Foelix the Happy is the greatest of all the three parts and lies extended to the South and East it is call'd by the Inhabitants Jemen and is encompass'd on all sides by the Sea except towards the North where it bounds upon the other two Arabia's There are in this part many Kingdoms and great Cities the Soil being fruitful and the Country not easie to be invaded by the neighbour Nations by reason of its Situation Arabia Petraea the Stony lies more West and is call'd by the Turks Dase-lik Arabistan or as others say Baraab Arabistan by the Natives it is bounded on the North by the Holy Land and part of Syria on the East by Arabia Deserta in part and by Arabia Foelix in part as also on the South and on the West it has the Red Sea and Egypt Two things have made these Countries known to all the World The wandering of the Children of Israel 40 Years in the first and the Birth of that great Deceiver Mahomet in the latter of these three Parts Aracuâ—es a People of Chili which are the most Warlike of all the Americans Arach Parthia a Province of the Kingdom of Persia Arach Petra the chief City of Arabia Petraea once the capital City of Moab and then call'd Rabath afterwards an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Jerusalem being taken from the Patriarch of Alexandria it was also once call'd Cyriacopolis and Mons Regalis by some now Krach it stands upon the Confines of Palestine near the Brook Zareth and lies in 66. 45. Long. and 30. 20. Lat. Arad Caucasus is a Mountain of Asia which the Fable of Prometheus has made very well known It is that part of Mount Taurus which lies betwixt the Euxine or Black Sea on the West and the Caspian Sea on the East including the Mengrelians Coraxicos Caitachians Heniochos and the Achaeans Achaeos It is continued also amongst the Asiatick Tartars as far as to the Cimmerian Bosphorus now commonly call'd Cocas This Mountain is very high and always covered with Snow It is call'd by Hayton the Armenian Cochias by others Albsor by Niger Adazer by Circassians Salatto and by the French le mont de Circassie Aradus an Island and City of Phaenicia in the Syrian Ocean over against Tortosa sometime the Seat of a Bishop till it fell under the Tyranny of the Turks Arafat a Mountain within a League or two of Mecca in Arabia On the top of it there is a Mosque whither the Mahometan Pilgrims repair tofinish their Devotions after their performance of the Ceremonies of Mecca It is the same they say that Abraham would have Sacrificed his Son Isaac upon in Commemoration whereof before they part they kill some Sheep in the Valley of Mina below and what they present not amongst their Friends they distribute to the Poor by the name of Corban that is their Oblation Aragon See Arragon Arais Araxes See Achlar Arakil-Uanc a Celebrated Village and Monastery at the foot of Ararat in Armenia in great esteem amongst the People there who believe it to be the place where Noah after the Deluge retired to offer his Sacrifices of Thanksgiving to God for his miraculous Preservation Aran Arania is a very fruitful Vale in Aquitain â—n France which lies between
which is Munchen Monachium seated on the Isar The Family thereof gain'd the Upper Palatinate by the Peace of Munster He is of the Communion of the Church of Rome and the far greatest part of his Subjects by which and their new Grants and Dignities they are very firmly united to the House of Austria which the present Emperor has improved by Marrying his Daughter to the now Duke of Bavaria Baz Ocite a small Island on the West of Ireland over against the Earldom of Desmond in the Province of Munster North of the Bay of Dingle call'd by the Irish Blasquo Baza Basti a City of the Kingdom of Granada in Spain It was once a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Eluire at which time it was well Fortified but now it is little inhabited and every day decays it stands upon the Borders of the Kingdoms of New Castile and Murcia 6 Leagues from Guadix to the South-East 15 from Granato and Gaen or Jaen to the North-East and 16 from Almeria to the North it is built at the Foot of an Hill in a Valley call'd from it Hoya de Baya by an inconsiderable Brook Bazadois Vasata a small Territory in the Lower Guienne in France which has the River Garonne on the North and West Agenois on the East and Condomois on the South It has its name from Bazas the principal City of it and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ausch this City stands searce 3 Miles from the River Garonne towards the South 7 from Bourdeaux to the North-East 10 from Condomois and 17 from Ausch It is mentioned by the Antients under the name of Cossium Vasatum Civitas Vasatica and Vasatae Arehosae And likewise the People of the Territory of Bazadois by the name of Vasates who were the same perhaps with the Cocosates of Pliny and Cesar Bazaim Barace a vast Tract of Land but very barren which lies between Egypt and the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa the same which was called Marmarica as Bochart saith § Also a Town in the Kingdom of Guzurate in the hither East-Indies situated upon the Coast of the Gulph of Cambaia 26 Leagues from Daman to the South It has been in the hands of the Portuguese ever since the Year 1534. who have built a good Cittadel with several stately Churches in it and made it a fine Town therefore fuller of Gentry than Goa insomuch that Fidalgos de Bazaim a Gentleman of Bazaim is become a Proverb with the Portuguese Bazano a Mountain of Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples in the Territory of Aquila of which mention is made in the Life of S. Justin Bazas See Bazadois Bazois a District in France in the Dukedom of Nivernois Beaconsfield a Market-Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Burnham on a small Hill Beareford was a small Monastery built by the Danes in Greenland about 300 Years since but now a long time ago deserted and ruined Bearne a fruitful and well Watered Territory in the South of France advanced to the Honor of a Principality It lies at the foot of the Pyrenean Mountains which part it from the Kingdom of Aragon towards the South upon the East it has the County of Bigorre and Armagnac le Noir upon the North Gascogny and upon the West the Kingdom of Navarr This Country had heretofore Princes of its own one of which by a Marriage with Elenora Queen of Navarr united it to that Kingdom Henry IV. brought it to the Crown of France and by a Decree it was annexed for ever to that Kingdom in 1620. Beaucaire a small City in the Province of Languedoc in France upon the River Rhosne right over against Tarascon 4 Leagues from Avignon towards the South and 3 from Arles towards the North most remarkable for its Fairs It is called in Latin Belloquadra This Town was taken and retaken in the Civil Wars of France It had a Castle in it built upon a Rock to the River side which the last King commanded to be demolished Beauce or Beausse Belsia a Province of France that heretofore was of very large extent but is now much less and the Bounds not well known It lies between the Loyre on the South and the Seyn to the North the principal Towns in it are Chartres Chasteaudun Montoir Pluviers Estampes and Vendosme This Province lying so near to Paris a considerable part of it has been taken into the Isle of France The Soil is dry but very fruitful and abounding in all things especially Corn so that it is called totius Galliae Horreum the Store-house or Granary of all France Beauchamp a place near Calais in Picardy The Duke of Somerset is Baron of Beauchamp Beaufort a Castle in the Dukedom of Anjou in France which belonged heretofore to the House of Lancaster and was much beloved by John of Gaunt who caused all his Children that he had by Catharine Swinford to be called Beauforts who were afterwards Dukes of Somerset and Exeter and Earls of Dorset The most noble Henry Somerset late Marquess of Worcester being descended from the antient Dukes of Somerset was December 2. 1682. by Charles II. of most blessed Memory created Duke of Beaufort This Castle lies about 3 Leagues East of Angiers and 2 from the Loyre And is now possessed by the House of Beaumanoir-Lavardin with the inferiour Title of an Earl from the King of France § There is another Beaufort in Champagne this is a small Town but honored above the other with the Title of a Dutchy by Henry le Grand in the year 1597. which Title has been granted by Lewis XIII to the House of Vendosme Beaujalois a small Country contained in the Lyonnois a Province in France with the Title of a Barony It takes its name from the Town Beaujeu in Latin Bdujovium or Beltiecum upon the River Ardiere the same does the House of Beaujeu Beaumaris a Town in the Island of Anglesey with a Port to the River Menay It is called in Latin Bellomariscus and Elects one Burgess for the Parliament Beaumont in Argonne a Town in the little Country of Argonne near the Mense in France It suffered much in the Civil Wars of that Kingdom Beaumont sur Oyse a Town upon the Oyse at the foot of an Hill in the Isle of France about 8 Leagues from Paris towards the North. Beaumont le Roger a Town in the Dukedom of Normandy in France upon the River Rugle Four Leagues from Eureux towards the West and about 6 from Roan towards the South so called from Roger one of its Counts who built or at least enlarged it it having the Honor to give that Title § There is another Town called Beaumont also near the Sea Shoar in the District belonging to Coutance three Leagues West of Cherbourg Beaumont a Town of Hainaut in the Netherlands adorned with the Title of a Dukedom to which belongs a Castle it stands 7 Leagues from Mons to the South-East and 4 from Chimay to the North and about 2 from
Zagoria or Zagora is a City of Bulgaria at the Foot of the Mountains upon the River Panize ten German Miles from the Euxine Sea eighteen from Adrianople to the North-East in the very Confines of Romania and Bulgaria Heretofore a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Adrianople but now raised to an Archbishoprick it self Deventer Deventria a City in the Province of Over-Yssel which is the Capital of that Province It stands upon the Yssel four Miles from Zwol to the West and seven from Nimeguen to the North-West Made a Bishop's See by Pope Paul IV. in 1559. under the Archbishop of Vtrecht Betray'd to the Spaniards in 1587. Subdued and brought under the Vnited Provinces again in 1591. Taken by the French in 1672. and deserted in 1674. It is surrounded on all Sides with Water and very strongly fortified Deveril a little Stream in VViltshire which runs under ground a Mile Devizes a Market and Borough-Town in VViltshire in the Hundred of Swanborn near the Head of a Stream of the same Name with it self which joyns the Avon It returns two Burgesses to the Parliament Devonshire Devonia is one of the Southern Counties of England which takes its Name from the Danmonii the ancient British Inhabitants On the North it is bounded by the Irish Sea on the West by Cornwall from which it is divided by the River Tamar on the South by the British Sea and on the East by Somersetshire and Dorsetshire It hath on both these Seas many good Harbours and is rich in Mines especially the Western Parts It abounds in pleasant Meadows fine Woods rich Towns In other Places where the Soil is more barren it is yet improveable and rewards the Tillers Industry It s chiefest Rivers are the Tamâ—r the Turridge the Taw Ex and Dert The chief City is Exeter next to which is Plymouth The Honourable William Cavendish is Earl of this County whose Grandfather William obtained this Honour from James I. Aug. 20. 1618. and has enjoyed it ever since 1628. Deux-Ponts See Zweybrucken Dewsberg See Hensterberg Diablintres Diablindi or Diablitae an ancient People of Gallia Celtiqua supposed to dwell in the now Province of la Perche with Noviodunum or Nogent le Rotrou for their Capital Others say in the Lesser Brittany near Neodunum or Doll where there are some Lands still bearing the Name of les Diableres and Families of les Diables Le Diamond a great Rock upon the Coast of the Island Martinique in the South America at the Distance of a League Observed to swarm with Fowl Diarbech Mesopotamia a Country in Asia between the Euphrates and the Tygris which is now in the hands of the Turks Diarbekir a great and populous City of Mesopotamia upon the Banks of the Tygris the Seat of a Potent Bassa who is generally one of the Viziers of the Ottoman Empire and has nineteen Sangiacs under him in the Compass of his Province It is surrounded with a double Wall of sixty two Towers and adorned with a stately Mosque which heretofore belonged to the Christians whereof they reckon no less then 20000 still living in it of the Armenian Nestorian or Jacobite Churches together with some Capuchines It stands upon an Eminence affords plenty of Provisions and is able to bring into the Field 20000 Horse Diargument Hyrcania a Province in the North-East Part of the Kingdom of Persia Dibres a Town of the Kingdom of Epirus in Greece taken by the Turks in 1442. Dichling a Market-Town in the County of Sussex in Lewis Rape Dictamo Dictamne a Town in the Territory of Canea in the Island of Crete whence comes the medicinal Herb Dittany Die Dia Vocontiorum Dea a City in the Dauphinate in France heretofore a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Vienne but in 1275. by Pope Gregory IX united to that of Valence This City stands on the North Side of the River Drome which falls into the Rhosne eight Miles from Valence to the East and eleven from Grenoble to the South-West It is a Roman Town called by Antoninus Dea Augusta and in the Councils Dia. The Huguenots in the Years 1577. and 1585. took and used it severely and rased its Cittadel An Inscription not long since was found in it Matri Deûm Magnae Idaeae For the Vocontii its antient Inhabitants were great Worshippers of that Goddess whence the Name Dia came to be derived to this place Diemens Diemini Regio a Part of the Terra Australis discovered in 1642. by a Dutchman of this Name Yet we know not whether it be an Island or a Continent Diepholt a small Town in the Circle of VVestphalia in Germany belonging to the Duke of Brunswick It stands upon a Stream betwixt Bremen and Osnaburgh with the Honour to bear the Title of an Earldom Dieppe Deppa a strong Sea-Port-Town which has a noble Haven in Normandy in France upon the River Arques fourteen Miles from Roan to the North right over against Lewis in Sussex This Town is remarkable for its Loyalty to Henry the Great of France who retiring hither and not long after receiving a supply from Queen Elizabeth of 22000 l. in Gold and 4000 Men under the Lord VVilloughby beat the Duke of Main the General of the Leaguers after all his Confidence that he should either take this Prince Prisoner or drive him out of France Which great Victory was unexpectedly gained in 1589. Diest a Town and Barony in the Dukedom of Brabant in the Low-Countries upon the River Demere two Leagues from Dalen and three from Tillemon There are two Collegiate Churches in it Dietmarsh or Dithmarsh a part of Jutland in the Dukedom of Holsatia at the Mouth of the Elbe having the Ocean on the West Holsatia on the East the Elbe on the South and the Dukedom of Sleswick on the North. It is so full of Marshes as to take its Name from them The Inhabitants Rebelling against the Kings of Holsatia in 1500. obtained a great Victory but in 1559. Adolph Duke of Holsatia being imployed by Frederick II. King of Denmark conquered them and deprived them of a barbarous Liberty which they had maintained four Hundred Years The South part of this Territory is under the King of Denmark whose Eldest Son is to reside here and the North part under the Duke of Holsatia which is separated from the Dukedom of Sleswick by the River Eyder Dietz or VVietz a small Town in the Principality of Nassaw in Germany upon the River Lhone Fortified with a Castle on each of the two Hills within the Walls Digne Dinia Dina Civitas Diniensium a City in Provence which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Embrun it stands upon the River Bleonne ten Miles from Embrun to the South and thirty two from Avignon to the North-East It is a very fine City and particularly esteemed for its hot Baths Dijon Divionum Divio the Capital City of the Dukedom of Burgundy and the Seat of the Parliament upon the River Ousche sixteen Leagues from Langres to
to Religion of this Age. The result of it was this the learned Thuanus and Pithaeus being Commissioners for ordering of the Dispute on the Roman Catholicks side and Isaac Casaubon with others according to the Kings appointment for the Huguenots After an Examination of nine Passages that day it appearing sometimes the Objection was taken for the Answer sometimes Words omitted and Sentences curtailed and others misapplied there was no continuing of the Conference longer for Du Plessis retired into the Country sick and dyed soon after In 1679. there was a Peace concluded here between the Crowns of Sweden and Denmark by which the Swedes recovered whatever had been taken from them by the Danes Fontanelle a Village and Monastery in Normandy upon the Seyne twelve Miles from Roan to the East Fontana Bianca Naustathmus a Sea-Port on the Eastern Shoar of Sicily at the mouth of the River Cacyparis twelve Miles from Syracuse to the South Fontarabia Fons Rapidus called by the Inhabitants Fuenteravia and sometimes Ondarrivia and Ondar Ibaya by the French Fontarabie by the Italians Fontarabia is a very strong Town in Guipuscoa in Spain upon the Shoars of the Bay of Biscay upon the River Vidosa Bassages in the Confines of France and Spain Built by the Goths in 625. It belonged as is pretended heretofore to France as part of the Territory of Bayonne and subject to that Bishop till Philip II. King of Spain in 1571. caused it to be taken from that Diocese It is so seated that at low Water it is easily entered but at high Water surrounded with the Sea and so fortified besides that a few Men may defend it against a vast Army so that it is the Key of the Kingdom of Spain and also a convenient Haven The French have had an Eye upon this place In 1638. under the Prince of Conde and the Duke of Espernon they attempted to reduce it but were beaten off with great shame and loss the two Generals mutually blaming each other after the ill success I have read that Charles V. after he had fortified this place called it his Pillow upon which he could securely sleep and it has proved so Fontenay a Town near Auxerre in the Province of Burgundy in France famous in History for the bloody Battel fought at it betwixt the four Sons of Lewis the Debonnaire in 841 wherein above a hundred thousand men were slain upon the place with the Victory to the two younger Brothers Charles the Bald and Lewis the German Fontenay le Comte Fontenacum Fontenaeum the chief Town of Poictou upon the River Vendee seven Miles North-East of Fochel it is a fine Town seated at the foot of an Hill and made rich by a great Fair kept here Fonteuralt Fons Ebraldi a little Town in Anjou in France which has a very much celebrated Nunnery the Abbess of which is Head of the Order and governs all the Men of that Order It stands about one League from the Loyre and three from Salmur to the North-East Forcalquier Forum Neronis once a City of Gallia Narbonensis mentioned by Pliny now a Town in Provence upon the River Laye which is the Capital of a County of the same name It stands upon an Hill between Sisteron to the South-East and Apt Apta Julia to the north-North-East six Miles from the latter and eleven from Aix to the North. The Title of Earl of this place and the Lands adjacent is born by the Crown Forcheim Forchena Locoritum Trutavia a small City in Franconia upon the River Rednitz where it takes in the Wisent to the North four Miles from Bamberg to the South under the Bishop of Bamberg Forcone Avia Furconium once a City of Italy now a Village in the further Abruzzo upon the River Pescara Aternus eight Miles from Aquila to which place the Bishops See was removed upon the ruin of this ancient City by the Lombards Fordingbridg a Market Town in the County of Southampton The Capital of its Hundred Fordon Fordunum a strong Town in the County of Mern in the North of Scotland ten Miles from the German Ocean and fifteen from Aberdeen to the North-East In this Place John de Fordon the Author of the Scotichronicon was born but it was anciently much more honoured on the account of Palladius the Apostle of the Scotch here buried who was sent by Pope Celestine in 431. to Preach the Christian Faith to this Nation Fordsham a Market Town in Cheshire upon the Banks of the River Weever Fordwich a Member of the Town and Port of Sandwich in Kent Forenza Forentum a Town in Abruzzo in Italy Le Foretz or Foresiens a Country of France extended in length from North to South upon the River Loyre and bounded on the North by Bourbon on the West by Auvergne on the East by Beaujolois and on the South by Velay It is divided into the Upper Foretz in which are Feâ—rs and St. Estienne and the Lower in which is Monbrison the Capital and Roanne This is a very fruitful County under the Jurisdiction of Lyon Forest Noire or the Black Forest a large Wood extending from South to North the space of ten or twelve Leagues as far as to the Neighbourhood of Strasburgh beginning about Basil The four Towns standing at a little distance from the head of it viz. Rhinfeldâ— Lauffembourg Seckinghen and Waldshust are hence called the four Forest Towns La Forest Sebusiani or Segusiani Populi the same with Foretz La Forest de Biere Sylva Bierica the Wood by Fountain-bleau La Forest de Bondis Sylva Bugiensis a Forest on the borders of Savoy The Forest of Dean a vast Wood in Glouoestershire which in ancient Times was exceeding dark and terrible to pass through between the River Wye and the Severn it was so great an Harbor for Thieves that robbed all Passengers that in the Reign of Henry VI. of England there were Laws made to restrain them but saith Mr. Cambden since the rich Iron Mines were found here those frightful Woods by degrees became much thinner than before and the Rebels of 1640. promoted it by selling the Timber of it to the Hollanders who returned their kindness by a War in Ships built of the same Forflamine Forum Flaminii a City of Vmbria ruined by the Lombards in 740. It stood three Miles from Nuceria Forli Forum Livii a City of Romandiola which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ravenna It stands in a Plain near the little River Ronco and the foot of the Hills with a Castle at the distance of fifteen Miles from Ravenna to the South between the Cities of Cesena and Faventia within the Dominions of the Pope Blondus the Historian was born here La Formentera Ophiusa one of the two Islands which were antiently called Pityusae in the Mediterranean upon the Coast of Spain toward Ivica As desart now as we read it was in Strabo's time inhabited only by a number of wild Asses Formigue Formicae one of the Isles de Hyeres upon the
to the North. Iser Isara a River of Germany in the Dukedom of Bavaria It ariseth in the Borders of the County of Tyrol three Miles from Inspruck to the West and flowing to the North through Bavaria watereth Munick or Munichen the Capital of that Dutchy and Frisingen beneath which the Amber Ambra from the West falls into it at Landschut and at last it ends in the Danube over against Derkendorf six Miles West of Passaw and the same distance above Straubing to the East L'Isere Isara a River in France which is caled Isar by Ptolemy and Scoras by Polybius it ariseth in the Territory of Tarentaise near Moutiers in the Dukedom of Savoy which it watereth beneath which it takes in the Arche from the South then passeth by Montmelian to Grenoble over against which it admits the Drac from the South and above Valence falls into the Rhosne It is a rapid River § There is another of this Name in the Dukedom of Bavaria in Germany Isernia Aesernia a City in the Kingdom of Naples by some called Sernia It stands in the Province of Molise and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Capua seated four Miles from the River Volturno to the East and the same from the Confines of the Terra di Lavoro at the foot of the Apennine thirty Miles from Capua to the North and almost twenty from Trivento to the South It is now in a tolerable good state and made more famous by the Birth of St. Peter Celestine a Pope Isin Istnisca a Village and a River in Bavaria six Miles from Munichen to the East Isis a River of Oxfordshire at the Confluence of which with the River Thame stands Dorchester in the same County Island Thule Islandia is a great Island in the Northern Ocean called by the Dutch Het Islandt by the Germans Ynslandt It lies between Norway to the East and Greenland to the West from East to West two hundred French Leagues and about half so broad Well peopled and fruitful towards the Sea-shoar but the middle is barren desolate and very Mountainous Nâ—ddock a Norwegian first discovered it in 860. and called it Sneeland that is the Land of Snow Flocko a Pyrate of Norway afterward gave it the Name of Isee-Land from the great quantity of Ice he found about it It began to be inhabited by the Norwegians under Ingulphus so soon as ever it was discovered that Nation being then dissatisfied with Horald their Prince It became subject to Norway in 1260. by doing Homage to that Crown and in the Right of that Kingdom it belongs to the King of Denmark who every year sends them a Governour who resides at the Castle of Bestede called otherwise Kronniges-Gard that is the Vice-Roys Residence They were converted to the Christian Faith by Adebert Bishop of Bremen Canutus King of the Vandals settled Bishops first amongst them in 1133. one at Hola another at Schalholt the two principal Cities and to each of them annexed a School They had at first neither Money nor Cities but lived in Caves in the sides of Mountains covered their Huts with Fishes Bones and eat dried Fish instead of Bread They speak the ancient Cimbrian Tongue In 1584 the Bible was Printed in their Language They have no Cattle but Horses and Cows nor any Trees but Box and Juniper The Country produceth so great a quantity of sweet Grass that their Cattle would burst 't is said if they did suffer them to eat it as they would On the East and West sides of the Isle there are burning Mountains The Inhabitants are strong and fierce It lies between eight and ten degrees of Long and in Lat. 67. one hundred and fifty German Miles from the Shoars of Norway to the West Their longest day in Summer is twenty four hours without night and their night in Winter when the Sun enters into Capricorn the same without day The Vulgar believe the Mountain Hecla to be the Prison of damned Souls Mines of Sulphur are found in it with which the Merchants drive a Traffick Isle de feu the Island of Fire one of the Islands of Cap. Verde upon the Coast of Africa so called from a burning Mountain therein It has a Port defended by a Fort on the North West The Ille of France Insula Franciae is a very great Province the most celebrated rich and populous of any in that Kingdom It is bounded on the North by Picardy on the East by Champagne on the West by Normandy and on the South by La Beausse it contains in it twelve Counties as le Parisis la Brie Francoise l' Hurepois le Gastinois le Mantoan le Vexin Francois le Beavoisis le Valois le Soissonois c. The principal City is Paris the Royal City of this Kingdom Islas de los Ladrones or Islas de las Velas by the French called Isles des Larrons a mass of little Islands in the Archipelago of St. Lazare betwixt the Oriental and the Pacifick Oceans extending from North to South at the extremity of our Hemisphere Eastward Discovered in 1520. by the famous Magellan Some inhabited by a salvage people whose addiction to Thievery occasioned this general ill name upon them all of the Islands of Thieves Yet the greatest part are barren They reckon fifteen principal ones The Air temperate but that the Hurricanes from time to time rage with violence These Salvages are excellent at making of Matts and they traffick to Tartary in Canoes Isle Maurice an Island in the Aethiopick Ocean to the East of Madagascar so named by the Hollanders in 1598. in honour of Maurice of Nassaw Prince of Orange But the Portugueze made the first discovery of it who called it Ilha do Cerno or Swan-Island the English also have given the Name of Warwick to its Haven In 1640. the Hollanders settled upon it and have built it a Fort. It yields Palm-trees Cocao Ebony plenty of Fish and Tortoises of a vast magnitude § There is another small Island of this Name near the Coast of Moscovia to the West of Weigats Streight discovered by the Hollanders in 1594. in their search for a North Passage to China Full of Lakes Ponds and Marishes Isles des Papas du Pape or des Princes called by the Turks Papas-Adasi by the Greeks Papadonisia or the Priests Island from their being inhabited by the Religious Caloyers of the Order of S. Basil lie within four Leagues of Constantinople betwixt the Sea of Marmora and the entrance into the Streights of Gallipoli The Europeans of Constantinople and Pera ordinarily divert themselves at them Isles des Perles the Islands of Pearl are a Shoal of Islands in the South Sea twelve Leagues from Panama in South America to which the abundance of Pearls heretofore fish'd out of the Sea adjacent occasioned the giving of this Name The two principal are Del Rio and Tararequi Maze and odoriferous Trees grow upon them The Spaniards here having made an end of all the Natives serve themselves
inhabited by any but the Wild Arabs though prodigiously fruitful and that he frequently met the ruins of great Cities buried in their own Rubbish whose Memorial was perished with them Lisonzo See Isonzo Lissa an Island belonging to Dalmatia thirty Miles South of Lesina Lissus a River of Thrace said by Herodotus to be drunk dry by Xerxes's Army § This is likewise the ancient Name of the Town Fionissi in Canadia which Strabo calls Lictus See Fionissi And of another in Albania near the Bay of Drin now called Alessio Listra Lystra a City of Lycaonia in the Lesser Asia mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles It lies forty Miles from Cogni Iconium to the West and was once a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Iconium but is now totally ruined and desolate Lita Lete a City of Macedonia upon the Gulph of Thessalonica which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Thessalonica two Miles from it to the South Lithquo See Linlithgo Lithuania a Province and Grand Dukedom belonging to the Kingdom of Poland called by the Inhabitants Litwa by the Germans Littawen by the Poles Litewsky which was heretofore a part of Sarmatia Europaea This Country imbraced the Christian Faith in 1386. Jagellon Grand Duke of Lithuania being made King of Poland and in 1569. this Dukedom was for ever united to the Kingdom of Poland It is bounded on the East by Moscovy or great Russia on the North by the same in part and by Livonia and Samogitia on the West by Poland properly so called and Mozâ—via on the South by Red Russia The Dukedom of Czernichow did heretofore belong to this Province which is now under the Russ The principal Cities are Breslaw Brest Grodno Minsko Mohilow Noovogrodook Poloczk Troki Wilne or Vilna the Capital and Witebsk This is the greatest Province belonging to that Kingdom being in length from the River of Polet to Dassow two hundred and sixty German Miles and in breadth between the Niemen or Memel and the Nieper eighty It is all overspread with Woods Forests and Marshes which since the times of Sigismond I. have yet been very much improved The Air is exceeding cold and the Inhabitants as barbarous Their language is a dialect of the Sclavonick and their Frontiers have been often desolated by the incursions of the Tartars and Moscovites Livadia Lebadia Creusa a City of Boeotia which from this City is now called Livadia It is seated upon a River which falls into a Lake of the same name but was anciently called Cephissus Mr. Wheeler who had seen this Place saith It is an ancient City and still called by its ancient name the Greeks pronouncing B as we do the V Consonant The ancient buildings are yet remaining we found saith he several Inscriptions to the same purpose it is situate about a pointed Hill on the top of which is an old Castle on the N. side of the high Cliffs of a Mountain of a moderate height which I took to be part of the Helicon till I found it afterwards parted from it by a Valley therefore I now take it to be Mount Tilphusium This City stands fifteen Leagues from Delphis now Salona to the East From this City all that part of Greece which was anciently called Achaia is now called Livadia lying from Negropont in the East to the Ionian Sea West having Thessalia on the North the Gulph of Lepanto the Hexamilia and the Bay of Corinth on the South in which stand Lepanto Salona Livadia and Athens Livenza Liquentia a River in the State of Venice which ariseth in the borders of Bellunese and flowing South separates the Marquisate of Treviso from Friuli then falls into the Venetian Gulph twenty Miles from Venice to the South East Livonia called by the Inhabitants lieâ—Lieâ—land by the Poles Inflanty by the French Livonie is a great and cultivated Province of the Kingdom of Poland ever since it was taken from the Knights of the Teutonick Order but the greatest part of it has since been taken from them by the Swedes It is bounded on the North by the Bay of Finland on the West with the Bay of Riga both parts of the Baltick Sea on the South with Samogithia and Lituania and on the East with Ingria and Pleskow two Provinces belonging to the Russ It is divided into four Counties Esten Esthonia Curland Semigallen and Letten Esten is under the Swede and also Letten except a little part towards the East which the Russ have Curland and Semigallen are subject to a Duke who is a Feudatary of the Crown of Poland there belong to it also Oesel and Dagho two Islands in the Baltick Sea which were possessed by the Dane till in 1645. by a Treaty at Bromsbro they were yielded to the Swede The chief Towns in it are Narva Parnaw Revel Riga the Capital Derpt and Wolmer It s length from Narva to Memmel is ninety German Miles its breadth from the Sea to Dodina sixty It produceth Wheat in abundance which the Dwina and Narva bring down to Riga and Narva for Exportation Its Forests abound with wild Boars Bears c. which come over the Narva out of Russia This People being then Barbarous began to imbrace the Christian Faith about 1161. Meinradus became their first Bishop in 1190. The way of Instruction being thought too slow by his Successors Albertus one of them instituted an Order of Knights to Bang them into Christianity which were called the Livonian Order but in time united with the Teutonick in 1237. About 1525. these two Orders were again parted by Albert Duke of Brandenburgh and Sigismond King of Poland put an end to them in 1587. In 1617. the Swedes became Masters of this Country In 1634. the Muscovites ceded all their right to it to Ladislaus K. of Poland who by the treaty of Stumsdorf confirmed the Swedes in the possession of as much as they held on the North of the Dwina for twenty six years All which was entirely yielded to them in 1660. by the peace of Oliva Livorno See Ligorne Lizaine Liricinus a River in Normandy The Lizard Point the furthest South-West Point or Cape of the Goon-hilly Downes in Cornwal which is a tract pretty large shooting forth from the main Land into the South Sea In Latin called Danmoniorum Promontorium Lizza Laodicea Llanbeder a Market Town in Cardiganshire in Wales in the Hundred of Moythen Llandaff Landava a small City and a Bishops See in the County of Clamorgan in South Wales seated upon the West side of the River Taff three Miles to the North from the Sea This Bishoprick was Founded by Germanus and Lupus two Holy French Bishops about 522. And Dubricius a Holy Man was made the first Bishop to whom Meuricke a British Lord freely gave all the Land that lieth between the Taff and the Elei But one Kitchin a Bishop about the time of the Reformation so wasted the Revenue that it will scarce maintain its Bishop Dr. William Beaw the seventy sixth Bishop is the present
private Buildings of great beauty and expence so that all considered it is one of the greatest richest and most populous Cities of Italy containing no less than seven Miles in compass and besides the Security the Sea gives it and the Neighbouring Mountains which serve instead of Ramparts it has four strong Castles or Citadels for its security which were built at several times by William III. a Norman Charles I. Brother to S. Lewis King of France Ferdinand King of Aragon and the Emperour Charles V. In the Metropolitan Church dedicated to S. Januarius they preserve the Blood of that Saint in a Glass congealed which they pretend melts and bubbles when the Head of the same Saint is brought near it And in the Church of the Dominicans they show the Crucifix which you are told spoke these words to S. Thomas Aquinas Benâ— de me scripsisti Thoma quamnam mercedem habebis whereunto he made answer Nullam domine praeter teipsum The Italians give Naples the name of la Gentile for its beauty and neatness it attracting all the Nobility of the Kingdom to it But their Proverb goes further Ma la gente cativa tuttavia un paradiso habitato da diavoli The people are bad it is altogether a Paradise inhabited by Devils This City is so very ancient it is reported to be built by Hercules about the year of the World 2725. in the times of Thola Judge of Israel The Chalcidians rebuilt or inlarged it and instead of Parthenope its old Name called it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is the New Town The Romans took it from the Samnites about the year of Rome 463. after three or four bloody Wars Being subjected to that State the Inhabitants of this City are much celebrated for their Fidelity to Rome and ever after the Battel of Cannae would not submit to Hannibal till he made use of force against them In the year of Rome 537. together with Rome and the rest of Italy in the fifth Century this City became a prey to the Goths and other Barbarous Nations amongst them to the Lombards from whom it passed to Charles the Great After this it fell under the Saracens In 1008. the Normans began under Tancred to enter upon this Stage whose Children drove out both the Greeks and Saracens and possessed this City and Kingdom under the Title of Earls of Calabria in 1216. there was an University opened here by Frederick II. Emperour of Germany The rest of its Fate depends on the Changes in the Kingdom except that prodigious Revolution in 1647. when one Masanello a poor Fisher Boy appearing against the Spaniards who had over-much oppressed this populous City by their Impositions raised such a storm against them as bid fair for the excluding them for ever out of that Kingdom In June 1688. Naples suffered extraordinarily by an Earthquake several days The Kingdom of Naples Nepolitanum Regnum has its name from its principal City but was at first called the Kingdom of Sicily as it is still in all the Publick Acts. It is bounded on the West with the Lands of the Church and on all other sides surrounded with the Mediterranean Sea Under the first Kings it was divided into four parts at present into twelve Provinces or Counties it has about thirty Cities great and small It s length from North to South ninety German Miles that is from the River of Tronto to the Cape of Spartivento and its breadth from Cape Massa not far from Naples to Cape Gargani or â—â—onte di S. Angelo on the Venetian Gulph thirty About the year of Christ 1000. this Kingdom was miserably harrased by the Saracens and Greeks then expelling the Children of Charles the Great The Normans drove out first the Saracens and then the Greeks In 1125. Pope Anacletus II. gave this Kingdom to Roger Earl of Sicily excluding the Children of William his Elder Brother In 1196 another Usurper dispossessed this Line and called in Henry VI. Emperour of Germany His Posterity injoyed it till 1261. when Charles Earl of Anjou entered and slew Manfred IV. the last of the German Line His Posterity injoyed it four Descents more when Charles IV. in the year 1371. entered and slew Joan Queen of Naples In the year 1434. Alphonso King of Arragon partly by Adoption and partly by Conquest got this Kingdom from another Joan the third of the Caroline Descent His Posterity injoyed it five Descents till Ferdinand III. King of Castile and Arragon dispossessed them in 1503. In this Family it is at this day Charles the present King of Spain being the sixth from Ferdinando Napo a River of the Kingdom of Peru in South America passing by Avila in the Province of Quiros to join it self with the River of Amazons Napoli di Barbaria a Town near Tripoli in Barbary called also Lebeda and Lepe Napoli di Nalvasia See Malvasia Napoli di Romania Nauplia Anaplia a City on the Eastern Shoar of the Morea in the Province of Romania anciently a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Corinth but that City being ruined it became an Archbishoprick it self This City stands upon the River Inachus sixty Miles from Misitra to the north-North-East fifty five from Athens to the North-West and thirty six from Corinth to the South Surrounded on all sides but the North with the Sea its Shoars are so very high and steep that an Enemy can neither land nor batter its Walls with their Cannon On the West it has a large and safe Haven secured by a Fort built upon a Rock in the midst of its Mouth and shut up on both sides by two Chains which from this Fort reach to the Town on the North side and to another Fort on the Continent to the South The Mountain of Palamede on the North commands the Town in all other points it is situated as well for Defence as Commerce equal to any place in Europe Said to have been built by Nauplius a Son of Hercules and to have been one of the most ancient Towns in the Morea It was first taken from the Greeks by the Venetians and French in 1205. But it did not long remain in their hands before it was retaker with the slaughter of all their Garrison and Governour In the thirteenth Century it fell into the hands of Mary d' Erigane Relict of Peter Son of Frederick Cornar Piscopia This Lady not being able to preserve it from the Turks resigned it to the Venetians in 1383. who fortified it the Turks however frequently attempted it Mahomet II. sent Machmut a Bassa with a potent Army to reduce it by force which design miscarried in 1460. After him Solyman the Magnificent in 1537. again besieged it and lost a great part of his Army to no purpose before it but about two years after upon a Treaty the Venetians surrendred it to purchase a Peace of him In 1686. the Venetians again came before it with a considerable Fleet and Army and having beaten the Serasquier of the Morea and
North America in the Province of Acadia was taken by the English and restored to the French by the Treaty of Breda in 1667. It stands at the bottom of the Bay of France and has a safe and large Harbour Port Royal a Port in Florida near Virginia Port Royal a celebrated Nunnery near Cheureuse in France six Leagues from Paris Port Royal a Port on the South of Jamaica in the Hands of the English by whom the Town was built Which before the late dreadful Earthquake 1692 ruined the greatest part of it had in it above one thousand and five hundred Houses and extended twelve Miles in length extremely populous it being the Scale of Trade in that Island It is seated at the end of a long point of Land which makes the Harbor and runs into the Main about twelve Miles having the Sea on the South and the Harbor on the North. The Harbor is about three Leagues broad and in most places so deep that a Ship of one thousand Tun may lay her sides to the Shoar of the Point Lead and Unload at pleasure and it affords good Anchorage all over For the security of it there is built a very strong Castle always well Garrisoned with Soldiers and has sixty pieces of Cannon mounted Yet this Town stands upon a loose Sand which affords neither Grass Stone fresh Water Trees nor any other thing that could encourage the building of a Town besides the goodness and convenience of the Harbor Porto Sabione Edron a Port on the Gulph of Venice near Chiosa Fossa Clodia a City in that State twenty five Miles from Venice Porto di Salo Salorius a Port in Catalonia four Miles from Tarragona towards Barcinone Porto Santo Cerne one of the Azore Islands discovered by the Portuguese in 1428 and by them called Ilha de Puerto Santo Not far from the Madera about eight Leagues in Circuit Porto Seguro a City Port and Prefecture in Brasil in South America upon the Sea Coast under the Portuguese The Prefecture lyes betwixt that called los Isleos and the other of Spiritu Santo Port Uendres Portus Veneris a large Port in the County of Russilion upon the Mediterranean Sea in the Borders of Catalonia Seventeen Miles from Perpignan to the North-East It has this name from a Temple dedicated to Venus in the times of Paganism which stood near it Porto Uenere Portus Venerii Portus Veneris a Town in the States of Genoua which has a Haven and a Castle built by the Genouese in 1113 seated over against the Isle of Palmaria Sixty Miles from Genoua and three from the Gulph del Spezza to the East Porto Uiejo a Town and Port in Peru in South America upon the Pacifick Ocean in the Province and not far from the City Quito Porto Zora Pisidon a City of Africa Propria mentioned by Ptolemy now called Zora by the Europeans and Zuarat by the Moors It is a strong Place which has a large Harbor belonging to it in the Kingdom of Tunis one hundred and twenty Miles from Tripoli to the West taken and plundered by the Knights of Malta not long since Portsmouth Portus Magnus a Town in Hampshire in the Hundred of Ports down of great Antiquity called by Ptolemy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Great Haven the Old Town then stood higher up The New Town is built upon an Island called Portsey which is about fourteen Miles in Circuit and at a full Tide floats in Salt Water by a Bridge on the North joined to the Continent The Town is fortified with a Timber Wall covered with Earth on the North-East near the Gate it has a Fort and two Block-Houses at the entry of the Haven built of hewen Stone by Edward IV. and Henry VII To which Qu. Elizabeth added other Works and a Garrison to watch and defend the Place The latter Princes have built Store-houses for all sorts of Naval Provisions and Docks for the building of Ships In Mr. Cambdens time it was more resorted to on the account of War than Commerce and had little other Trade than what arose from the boiling of Salt But since its Trade is much encreased It is grown populous a good Nursery for Sea-men and a Corporation represented by two Burgesses in the Lower House of Parliament Giving also the Title of Dutchess to the Lady Louisa de Querouaille Created by K. Charles II. 1673. Baroness of Petersfield Countess of Farnham and Dutchess of Portsmouth Portugal Lusitania Portugallia a Kingdom on the West of Spain bounded on the West by the Atlantick Ocean on the South by Algarve which is annexed to this Kingdom on the East by Andalusia Extremadura and Leon and on the North by Gallicia It lies on the Sea Coast from North to South four hundred Miles not above one hundred where broadest and eighty in the narrower places eight hundred and seventy nine in Compass Divided into five Provinces to wit Entre Douero è Minho Tra los Montes Beira Estremadura and Alentejo or Entre Tejo è Guadiana whereunto was added Algarve under Alphonsus III. with the Title of a Kingdom The principal Rivers are those four expressed in the Names of the Provinces Douero Minho Tajo and Guadiana which furnish the Kingdom with very convenient Ports It was anciently called Lusitania from the the Lusitani its first Inhabitants and took the present Name about the fifth Century from Poriocale a celebrated Mart. The Air is generally healthful the Earth Hilly and Barren especially as to Corn which is much of it imported from France But it yields Wine Fruits Fish Game Salt Horses and Mines And is so very populous about Spain especially towards the Sea that they reckon more than four hundred Cities or great privileged Towns three Archbishopricks ten Bishopricks and above four thousand Parishes This Kingdom is said to be founded by one Henry Earl of Lorain about 1099. For this Prince having shewn much Gallantry in the Wars against the Moors was by Alphonsus VI. King of Castile rewarded with the Marriage of Teresia a Natural Daughter of his and a part of this Kingdom with the Title of an Earl The Son of this Henry Alphonsus I. having in 1139. in the Battel of Obrique defeated five Moorish Kings assumed the Title of King This Prince assembled the Estates of his Kingdom at Lamego in the Province of Beira who there passed a Law called the Law or Statute of Lamego for the exclusion of Strangers from the Crown which remains in full force to this day His Posterity enjoyed this Kingdom and very much inlarged it by Victories against the Moors at home and by the Discovery of several unknown Countries abroad for seventeen Descents Amongst which John I. styled the Father of his Country succeeded in 1385. tho only the Natural Son of Peter I. the King save one immediately preceding his ascension But Sebastian a young Prince who succeeded King John III. in 1557. perishing in a Battel in Africa in 1580. and Henry dying soon after who was a
South called Swold's Bay made by the shooting forth chiefly of Easton Ness the most Eastern Point of England The Cliff hath several Pieces of Ordinance planted upon it Sowe the River upon which Stafford is situated Sowtham a Market Town in Warwickshire in the Hundred of Knightlow Spa a small Town in the Bishoprick of Liege in the Low Countries famed for its Medicinal Mineral Waters Spahan See Hispaam Spain Hispania is one of the most considerable Kingdoms in Europe called heretofore Hesperia and Iberia It is separated from France towards the North-East by the Pyrenean Hills on all other sides surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea the Streights of Gibraltar and the Atlantick Ocean so that it lies in the form of a vast Peninsula joined to France by a Neck of eighty Spanish Leagues over Called by the Natives La Espanna by the French L'Espagne by the Italians La Spagna by the English Spain by the Poles Hispanska by the Germans Spanien and by the Dutch Spangien It s greatest length from East to West is one hundred and ninety German Miles or five hundred Italian It s circuit two thousand four hundred and eighty Italian Miles taking in the Creeks and Windings of the Seas and Mountains it is two thousand eight hundred and sixteen Miles the least of which Computations is four hundred and sixty Miles greater than France was forty years agone The ancient Geographers with one consent affirm That it abounded with whatsoever the Ambition or Needs of Men required full of Men and Horses all over replenished with Mines of Gold Silver Brass Iron and Lead white and black had Corn Wine and Oyl in abundance in short so extremely fruitful that if any place for want of Water was less useful yet even there Hemp and Flax thrived very well It was in those days the West-Indies of the World and like them the Store-House of the ancient Treasures The Ancients divided it into three great parts called by them Tarraconensis Baetica and Lusitania First Hispania Tarraconensis was the greatest of the three and the most Eastern On the East bounded by the Pyrenean Hills on the North by the Bay of Biscay on the West by the Atlantick Ocean and Lusitania on the South by the Mediterranean Sea and Baetica Secondly Hispania Baetica was the most Southern part bounded on the East and South by the former in part and by the Ocean on the West and North by the same Ocean and Lusitania Thirdly Hispania Lusitanica was the most Western part extended upon the Ocean between Hispania Tarraconensis and Hispania Baetica The very ancient History of this Country is either fabulous or lost The Phoenicians may justly be supposed to have been the first Civilizers of it and the Founders of the most ancient Cities as Diodorus Siculus and Strabo affirm After these who settled mostly in Baetica the Grecians followed who from Marseille sent many Colonies into Hispania Tarraconensis The Carthaginians were the next who about forty years after they were by the Romans dispossessed of Sicily Sardinia and Corsica in the end of the first Punick War about the year of Rome 512 by the Isle of Gades which was theirs before entered Spain and in less than twenty years under Amilcar Asdrubal and Hannibal the Son of Amilcar destroyed Saguntum built New Carthage conquered all the Nations of this Country as far the Pyrenean Hills and the Mediterranean Sea and might easily have subdued the rest but that Hannibal chose rather to revenge the Injuries of his Country and ruin Rome by an Invasion of Italy The Jealousie of the Carthaginians ruined his Designs in Italy and the Roman Fortunes prevailed in Spain too under Cornelius Scipio about the year of Rome 545. The People having been broken by the Carthaginians submitted the more willingly and easily to the Romans and continued under them till about the year of Christ 400 when Gundericus King of the Vandals first conquered them The Goths followed these and in 418 set up a Kingdom which in time extirpated the Vandals or drove them over the Sea into Africa This Kingdom continued under thirty one Princes till 724 when the Moors came in and after a Fight of seven Days continuance prevailed against the Goths and forced Spain They brought over fifty thousand Families of Moors and Jews and so fixed themselves here that though they were in a short time cantoned into a small Kingdom and the Spaniards with the remainders of the Goths who had secured themselves in the Mountains and other places of difficult access by the help of the French made a gainful and prevailing War upon them yet they could not be intirely subdued before 1492 In after times it is hard to say whether the good Fortunes or ill Government of the Spaniards have contributed most to the ruin of this once most potent Kingdom For first Ferdinando and Isabella in 1492 expelled out of Spain one hundred and seventy thousand Families of the Jews Philip II. in 1610. expelled nine hundred thousand Moors And America being found in the mean time the numbers of Spaniards that passed thither is unknown Philip I. succeeded in 1504 The first Prince of the House of Austria who reigned in Spain Charles V. his Son in 1516. Philip II. in 1556. Philip III. in 1598. Philip IV. in 1621. Charles II. the present King began his Reign in September 1665 being then an Infant This Kingdom is now divided into fifteen Kingdoms or Provinces viz. 1. Navarre 2. Biscay 3. Guipuscòa 4. Leon and Oviedo 5. Gallicia 6. Corduba 7. Granada 8. Murcia 9. Toledo 10. Castile 11. Portugal 12. Valentia 13. Catalonia 14. The Kingdom of Majorca 15. And the Kingd of Arragon Which are at this day all reduced under three Crowns or Governments Castile Portugal and Arragon The Religion professed is strict Roman Catholick especially since the introducing the Inquisition by Pedro Gonsales de Mendoza Archbishop of Toledo in 1478. The Christian Faith was taught this Nation very early by S. James or more probably by S. Paul Arianisin entered with the Goths and continued till 588. They never heard of the Roman Rites till after 1083 when a Frenchman being made Archbishop of Toledo endeavoured the Introduction of that Service and was at first opposed in it by all the other Prelates and People It had been well for Spain if it had never been received seeing it has cost that Nation so many of its People no less than three thousand Families having been destroyed by the Inquisition in one Diocese in three years not to mention the loss of the United Netherlands and the ruin of Flanders The Cities of Spain are too numerous to be here inserted New Spain Hispania Nova is a considerable Country in North America called by the Spaniards la Nueva Espanna and sometimes el Mexico from its Capital City It contains all that space of Land between the North and the South Sea that lies between the Terra Firma or Streight of Panama to the East and Florida to
Silks and Maroquines but the Country elsewhere is extreme Sandy hot and desert About 1660. the King of this place after many Victories conquered Morocco and Fez and kept them for some time This is supposed to have been a part of the ancient Numidia Tagaste is now a desolate Village in the Province of Constantine in the Kingdom of Algiers in Barbary which heretofore was a Bishops See and famous for giving Birth to S. Augustine Tagat a fruitful Mountain two Leagues from the City Fez to the East in the Kingdom of Fez in Barbary about two Leagues in length Covered with Pines on one side and affording Land for Tillage on the other Taicheu Taicheum a City in the Province of Chekiam in China It stands upon a Mountain and is the Capital over five other Cities Tajima a Town and Province in the North part of Niphon Taillebourg a Town in the Province of Xaintonge in France upon the River Charante at which S. Louis King of France in 1242. defeated the Malecontents of his Kingdom that were risen in Arms against him Tajo Tagus one of the most celebrated Rivers of Spain It ariseth from two Fountains in New Castile but in the Borders of Arragon at the foot of Mount Vallezillo And running North it takes in the Molina then turning South-West it passeth by Pastrana to Aronjues where it admits the Tajuna with a knot of other Rivers from Madrid and Henares turning more Westerly it salutes Toledo takes in beneath it the Gaudarrama and the Alberch visits Talavera and Puente de Archobisbo where it is covered by a Bridge beneath Almaraz it receives the Guadalupo So passing by Alcantara it entereth the Kingdom of Portugal at Perdigaon and receiving the Rio Monsul and a vast number of small Brooks in that Kingdom it forms the vast Haven of Lisbon and on the South side of that City passeth into the Atlantick Ocean having from its Fountains run one hundred and ten Spanish Leagues and being at its Mouth two Spanish Leagues broad There is no River in Spain more frequently mentioned than this especially on the account of its Golden Sand by the Poets Taiping a City of the Province of Nankim upon the River Kiang in China There is another of Quantum which is now under the King of Tumkim Taitung a strong City in the Province of Xamsi in China It is the third of Note there and drives a great Trade Tajuna Tagonius a River of New Castile which falls into the Tajo Taiyven the Capital City of the Province of Xansi in China near the River Truen Talabo or Talaro Pitanus a River in Corsica Talamone a Town and Port to the Tyrrehenian Sea in the Estate called Degli Presidii upon the Borders of the Dukedom of Tuscany in Italy Belonging to the Spaniards Talavera Ebara Libora a Town in New Castile upon the Tajo See Tajo Talâ—a a very fruitful Island in the Caspian Sea according to Pliny who calls it Tazata and other Ancients But we have no Modern Account of it Tamaga Tamaâ—a and Tambro a River of Spain which ariseth in Gallicia above Mone Roy and running South through the Province of Entre Douro è minbo falls into the Douro six Spanish Leagues above Porto to the East Tamar Tamaris a River in the East of Cornwal which divides that County from Devonshire It ariseth in Devonshire near the Irish Sea and running South watereth Bridgrule Telcoâ— Tamerten which has its name from this River Beyton Lawhitton Cal-Stock and having received amongst others the Foy at Plimouth it entereth the British Sea forming there a Noble and Capacious Haven See Cambden Tamaraca a City and Island upon the Coast of Brasil in South America under the Portuguese making one of the fourteen Governments or Provinces of Brasil Tamaro Thamarus a small River in the Principato in the Kingdom of Naples which rising from the Appennine a little above Benevento falls into the Calore Tamasso Tamassus a Town in the Island of Cyprus towards Famagosta Of great Repute for its Tin-Mines Taming Taminga a City in the Province of Pekim in China Tampan the Mouth of the Rhosne Tamul a petty Kingdom contained in Bisnagar in the Hither East-Indies Tamworth a Borough and Market Town in the Borders of Staffordshire and Warwickshire at the Confluence of the Tame and the Auker whereof one washeth that part of the Town which stands in Staffordshire and the other that in Warwickshire It hath a strong though small Castle for its defence is beautified with a large Church and in the Lower House of Parliament represented by two Burgesses Tanagra an ancient City of Boeotia now Stramulipa in Greece near the River Asopus Called Orops by Aristotle and Gephyra in Stephanus Athenaeus mentions Cetus Tanagranus as a Proverb for a vast Whale because one of a prodigious Magnitude was cast up here It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens the same with the Anatoria of some Moderns Tanais a River of Crim Tartary which divides Europe from Asia Called by the Neighbouring Nations Don by the Italians Tana It ariseth in the Province of Rezan in Moscovy eleven hundred Miles from Moscow from the Lake Iuvanouvo Lezicro which is five hundred Wrests broad and flowing with a very Oblique Course through the Countries possessed by the Precopensian or Crim Tartars not far from the Wolga falls into the Lake of Moeotis near a City called from it Tanais now ruined This City was once taken by the Russ but now in the hands of the Turks The River divides it into two parts and affords it the convenience of an Haven though now not much frequented Long. 60. 40. Lat. 48. 09. Tanaro Tanarus a Navigable River of Lombardy which ariseth in Piedmont in the Borders of the States of Genoua from the Apennine and running North-East watereth Mondovi Alba Asti and Alexandria in the Dukedom of Milan it falls into the Po at Bassignano between Casal to the North and Voghera to the South Tandaya one of the Philippine Islands Tandra an Island of the Euxine Sea at the Mouth of the Borysthenes Taneâ—axima a small Island belonging to Japan Tanes Tanitioum Ostium one of the Eastern Mouths of the Nile This gave name to Tunis now Tanes a desolate Village in Egypt at this time but formerly one of the greatest richest and strongest Cities of Egypt a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Damietta The Calyphs rebuilt it after it had been some Ages desolate but it soon returned to its former State Tangier Tingi Tingis one of the oldest Cities of Africa in the Province of Hasbat in the Kingdom of Fez. Built by Antaeus a Phoenician as the Learned Sir John Marsham proves from Procopius who mentions an ancient Pillar with this Inscription in the Phoenician Tongue We are fled from Joshua the Son of Nun a Robber whereupon he placeth the building of it in Joshua's time and saith it is undoubtedly a very ancient Phoenician Colony It stands at the Mouth of the Streights
negligence of the Spaniards grew so strong and numerous that all their after Attempts signified nothing Their Sugars which at first were coarse and would quickly melt if not spent are now improved to a great Perfection This Island is not well Watered with Rivers or fresh Springs yet lying now they want not that Element being supplied by Pools Ponds and Cisterns It is very fruitful and enjoys a perpetual Summer Hot but cooled by the Briezes which rise with the Sun and blow fresher as the Sun gets higher The chief Town of this Island is S. Michaels situate at the bottom of Carlisle Bay in the Southern part of the Island where Ships have a very secure Harbor Barbara a small Village in the Island of Sicily but once a City of great Fame and much taken notice of by Greek and Latin Writers under the several names of Aegesta Egesta Acesta and Segesta c. It lies 22 Miles from the Promontory and City of Drepanum now called Trapano to the North-West and 40 from Palermo upon the Western Shoar of the Island near it runs a small River which now beareth the name of S. Bartholomew Barbary Barbaria a large Country in the Western part of Africa lying a considerable length from East to West but not of equal breadth it is bounded on the North by the Mediterranean Sea on the East by Egypt on the West by the Atlantick Ocean and on the South by the Atlantick Mountains which separate it from Biledulgeridia In the times of the Roman Empire this vast Tract of Land was divided into divers Provinces viz. Mauritania Tingitana Casariensis Sitifensis Numidia Africa propria Byzacena Tripolitana Marmorica and Cyreniaca it is now divided into the Kingdoms of Fez Morocco Algiers Constantine antiently Cirta Tunis and Tripoly with the Territory of Barcana This Country was in antient times subject to the Commonwealth of Carthage and the great Kings of Mauritania and Numidia after it fell into the Romans Possession I have shew'd how they divided it Here was a most flourishing Church till the 5 Century in the begining of which the Vandals then Arians entered it and brought in their Heresie with them but that which more effectually contributed to the ruin of Christianity here was the Conquest of it by the Moors in 647 when one Hucha a famous General whom Osmen the Third Caliph of the Saracens imployed to that purpose finally expell'd the Romans and ever since the Moors have possessed it who being the most enraged Enemies of Christianity that ever professed the Mahometan Law have so far extirpated Christianity that there is very few if any of the Inhabitants of this vast Tract of Land which profess it Barbela a River in the Kingdom of Congo in Africa which falls into the River Zaire which washeth the Walls of S. Saviour or Banza the Capital of this Kingdom Barbenzon Barbentio a Principality in Hainaut Barberino Barberinum a small Town in Tuscany in Italy from whence the Noble Family of the Barberines receive their name of which Family Pope Vrban VIII was who succeeded Gregory XV. and sate 21. Years viz. from 1623. to 1644. This small Town is built upon an Hill in the Road between Florence and Siena 16 Miles from the former toward the South Barbowyna Berbis a Village of the lower Hungary where the Ruins of an antient Roman Town are yet seen upon the Drave 3 German Miles from Quinque Ecclesiae towards the South Barbuda or Barbada one of the Caribby Islands in America under the English but of no very great Account It is in length 15 Miles Lat. North 17. d. â— Barca Marmorica a small Kingdom in Africa on the West of Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea under the Empire of the Turks But there is no Town of any note in it there is adjoining to it a Desart called by the same name Barceâ— Barcetum a Castle in the Dukedom of Parma between the Rivers of Parma and Taro and the Apennine 22 Miles from Parma toward the South and 16 from Pentremoli There was antiently a very famous Monastery built here by the Kings of the Lombards Barcelona Barcino a City of Catalonia in Spain which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona and an University it has an excellent Port upon the Mediterranean Sea well Traded and also a Castle This City is the Capital of that Province and esteemed one of the best Cities of Spain Built by Hamilcar a Carthaginian and called by his Punick Sirname of Barca In the Year of our Lord 805. it was recovered out of the hands of the Moors by S. Lewis King of France it is seated between the outlet of the River Badelona Baetulo which runs on the Eastern sides and that of Lobregat Rubicatus which at the distance of 2 Miles on the Eastern side falls into the Mediterranean Sea It stands 12 Leagues from Tarragona East and 16 from â—â—rona towards the South and 13 from Ossuna Taken by the French in 1640 but returned under the Spaniard in 1652 after a very sharp Siege This City was Honored with the Title of an Earldom by Lewis the Good after he had taken it from the Saracens Charles the Gross gave this Earldom to Godfrey d'Arria for his Service against the Normans and his Heirs after the Death of Raimond the last Earl it was united to the Kingdom of Arragon in 1162. There were 3 small Councils celebrated in this City one in 540. one in 603. and the last in 1064. James II. King of Arragon died here in 1327 Alfonsus IV. in 1336. and John II. in 1479. Barcelonette a Town and Valley in Provence heretofore now in the Dominions of the Duke of Savoy Built or rebuilt by Raimond V. Earl of Provence in 1231 who called it by this name in memory that his Ancestors came into Provence from Barcelona in Spain Barcelor a City of the East-Indies under the Dominion of the King of Bisnagar upon the Sea Shoar between Goa and Canora It lies in almost 15 d. of Northern Lat. and Long. 105. This City was some time under the Portuguese but is now recovered bythe King of Bisnagnar a potent Indian Prince It was also heretofore the Capital of a distinct Kingdom Barcelos Celiobriga a small Town in Portugal Honored with the Title of a Dukedom It lies in the County of Entre Douro é minho upon the River Cavado which not far from thence falls into the Atlantick Ocean 6 Leagues North of Porto and 4 West of Braga Barcena Coloe a Marsh in Aethiopia out of which ariseth the River of Astapus as Ptolomy saith Bardewic a most antient City in Saxony within a Mile of Lunenburg said to be built 990 Years before the coming of our Saviour Bardi a People amongst the antient Gauls in very great Esteem with them for Poetry and Musick supposed to dwell about Montbard or Mont-Barri in Latin Mons Bardorum a Mountain in the Territory of Auxois in Burgundy which still retains their Name Bardt a
on the East by Glamorganshire and Brecknock on the West by Pembroke on the North by Cardigan from which it is separated by the River Tivy and on the South by the Irish Sea This County is said by Mr. Camden to be very fruitful and in some places to have plenty of Coal Mines and to abound in Cattle It takes its Name from the principal City which stands upon the River Tiny about 5 Miles from the Sea called by Ptolomy Maridunum by Antonius Muridunum It was Walled with Brick in the times of Giraldus Cambrensis but was then decaying Pleasantly seated between Woods and Meadows and very venerable for its great Antiquity taken from the VVelch in the Reign of VVilliam the Conqueror after this by them retaken and burnt twice till being first strengthened with a Castle by Henry Turbervil an English Man and after that walled about by Gilbert de Clare it recovered something of its former Glory The Princes of VVales settling here the Chancery and Exchequer for South VVales Caernarvanshire has on the North and West the Irish Sea on the South Merioneth and on the East Denbighshire parted from the Isle of Anglesey by the River Menay All the middle parts of it are covered and filled with Mountains so that Mr. Camden calls these Hills Alpes Britannicas the British Alpes and saith they afforded the greatest Security to the Welsh in times of VVar and so abounded with Grass that they seemed sufficient alone to have fed all the Cattle of VVales The Western parts are more level and yield plenty of Barley The chief Town or City is seated in this part of the County upon the River Menay and was built by Edward I. King of England about 1283. Small and almost round but strong and defended by a beautiful Castle Edward II. was born here and Surnamed from this Town who was the first of the English Princes that bore the Title of Prince of VVales In after times these Princes setled here the Chancery for North-VVales Robert Dormer Baron of VVing was created Viscount and Earl of Carnarvan in the sourth Year of the Reign of King Charles I. who afterwards lost his Life valiantly for that Prince at Newberry in 1643. to whom succeeded Charles his Son Caerphilly a Market-Town in the County of Glamorgan in VVales where the Earl of Pembroke has a Noble Castle It is the Capital of its Hundred Caerwis a Market-Town in Flintshire in the Hundred of Coleshill Caeron a Country in Assyria where Josephus says the Relicks of Noah's Ark were to be seen in his time It produces your odoriferous Wood. Caesarea Palestina was anciently call'd the Tower of Straton But Herod the Great rebuilding it called it Caesarea in honor of Augustus It is now call'd Caisar It lies on the shoars of the Mediterranean Sea in the Holy Land 30 Miles to the South from Ptolemais and 45 from Jerusalem After the Ruin of Jerusalem it became the Metropolis of Palestine and the Seat of the Prefect or Governor the Bishop of Caesarea gained thereby the Authority of a Primate over the Bishop of Jerusalem and for some Ages maintained it but in after Councils the Bishop of Jerusalem was exempted and made a Patriarch several great Councils have been held here Eusebius Pamphilus the Church Historian was in his time Bishop of it Cornelius the first converted Gentile was baptized here by S. Peter S. Paul was a Prisoner here And Origen taught here But in 653. after a Siege of 7 years Muhavia a Saracen took it from the Christians In the Holy War it was several times taken and retaken till at last intirely ruined by Barsus a Saracen Long 66. 15. Lat. 32. 20. § Caesarea Magna in Cappadocia the Episcopal Seat heretofore of S. Basil See Caisar § Caesarea Philippi See Balbec § Caesarea in Africa an antient City mention'd with Honor in the Roman History upon the Coast of the Mediterranean believed to be the same with the Iol of Ptolemy Pliny and Mela. It became a Bishop's See since Christianity and likewise an University that produced divers Poets and Philosophers of Note in the time that the Arabians were Victorious in Africa In the Year 959. the Caliphs ruined it The Remains of its Walls make it appear to have been above 3 Leagues in Circuit call'd by the Africans Tiguident Caffa a considerable City and Sea-Port in Crim Tartary upon the Eastern side of the Peninsula East of the City of Crim supposed to be the Cavum of the Antients It is a flourishing Mart and furnished with a large and capacious Haven Heretofore possessed by the Genoese who saith Dr. Heylin by the Help of this Port and the Plantation they had in Pera on the North Side of Constantinople engrossed all the Trade of the Euxine Sea into their own hands In 1475. it was taken by Mahomet the Great ever since it has been in the hands of the Turks and though by them much ruin'd is still the principal Place in that Demy-Island The Turks govern it by a Bashaw they send thither and although the Tartars can possess themselves of it when they please yet they chuse rather to leave it in his hands than to take it into their own The Venetians have often sollicited a free Commerce with it for the Benefit of its Commodities but the Port has constantly refused to suffer their Vessels to pass into the Black Sea for Reasons of State They reckon about 4000 Houses of Mahometans Tartars and Christians whereof some Latins Greeks and some Armenians to the Number of about 800 who are obliged to wear a Distinction from the rest in their Bonnets Caffreria a Country of Africa of large extent It lies from the Kingdom of Angola on the North to the Cape of Good Hope and is bounded East West and South with the Ocean the South-Eastern part is very fruitful and well peopled the rest barren Mountainous and little peopled The Inhabitants are so barbarous that they are called by this Name from their rude way of living which signifies the Lawless People they were all heretofore Man-eaters and many of them continue such to this day They call themselves Hottentots Mr. Herbert an English Man who was in these Parts will scarce allow them to be perfect Men and saith they sell Man's Flesh in the Shambles They acknowledg a Soveraign Being under the Name of Humma which they adore when he sends good Weather But in cold and rainy or very hot Seasons they change their Praises of him into Complaints against him Cagliari Caralis Calaris a City of Sardinia an Island in the Mediterranean Sea which is the Capital and the Seat of the Governor on the South side of the Island upon an Hill Also an Archbishop's See and an University When the Moors were Masters of this Island they ruined this City but James II. King of Aragon recovering it Anno Christi 1330. the Pisans rebuilt the Town which is now become great and rich under the Spaniards It has three
the Name of their King Charles X. The Danes took it in 1676. but they yielded it to the Swedes again in 1679. according to the Treaty of Fointainebleau Catmagnole a strong Town in the Marquisate of Saluces in Piedmont about 2 Miles from the Po and 9 from Turin in the Dominions of the Duke of Savoy ever since Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy during the Civil Wars of France made himself Master both of the Marquisate and it in 1588. and that the same were ceded to him by a Treaty of Peace in 1601. This Town has been taken by the French and retaken by the Confederates in this present War Carmarthenshire See Carmarthen Carmel Carmelus a Mountain in the Holy Land or Palestine upon the Mediterranean Sea 50 Miles North of Jerusalem betwixt Galilee and Samaria in the Tribe of Issachar about 30 Miles in Circuit deliciously covered and adorned with Trees Plantations Springs Villages Valleys and Caverns which have been the retreats of the solitary in all Ages Now inhabited by the Drâ—sians a Warlike People who are supposed to be the Relicks of the European Pilgrims and accordingly pay as little deference to the Port as they can There is a Monastery belonging to the Carmelites here whose whole Order derives their Name from the place These carmelites regard the Prophets Elias and Elisha as their Patriarchs whose 2 Grots with the Fountain that sprung miraculously up at the Prayers of Elias now under the keeping of a Mahometan Anchorite are much honored as well by Turks Moors and Arabs as the Jews and Christians The Prophet Agabus they say built a Chappel upon this Mountain in the year 83. a small part thereof being yet extant In the time of the Emperor Vespasian there was a Temple of an Oracle here so famous that Vespasian came in Person to consult it Possibly it was some remains of the Idol of Baal or Beelzebub that they used heretofore to adore in Acre a Town below at the foot of the Mountain The Prince of it pays yearly to the Turks for Tribute 12 Horses Carnarvan See Caernarvanshire Curnia Acarnania a Province in Epirus over-against the â—sle of Corfu or Cephalonia Carniola called by the Dutch Krain has Slavonia on the East Friuli on the West Carinthia and part of Sâ—eirmark North and Istria South fruitful in Corn and Wine this and Carinthia both belong to the House of Austria by descent to which they give the Title of a Duke The Inhabitants are part Sclavonians and part Germans its Capital City Laubach This Country was a Branch of the antient Carnia Carolina a Plantation of the English Quakers upon the Continent of North America which has its Name from Charles II. It lies between the Lat. of 29. and 36. deg being the most Northern part of Florida Tho the English began to plant it only since 1663. yet being extremely fruitful and temperate the Inhabitants are already very numerous and have built 2 considerable Town Charles Town and Albermarle This Country is bounded to the South by Florida to the North by Virginia to the West by the Apulathean Hills which are exceeding steep and high and to the East by the Atlantick Ocean The Colonies are endeavouring to improve it to Wine and Oil which the English chiefly want Carolstadt Carolostadium a Town in Croatia built by Charles Archduke of Austria and well fortified against the Turks seated at the confluence of the Kulp and the Mereswiz 2 German Miles from Meteling to the North-East the Governour of Croatia always resides here There is another of the same Name in the Bishoprick of Wurtzburg upon the Maine 3 German Miles North of Wurtzburg And a Third in Sweden in the Province of Westrogrothia built by Charles IX upon the Lake Wever which suffered much by the Danes in 1644. Carpathus See Scarpanto Hence the Carpathian Sea now called the Sea of Scarpanto betwixt the Islands of Rhodes and Candia derived its Name Carpenterland a vast Country in the Terra Australis of America lately discovered by one Carpenter a Dutchman who has left it his Name Carpentras Carpentoracte a City in Provence in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Avignon and the Capital of the County of Venacin under the Dominion of the Pope 4 Leagues from Avignon to the North-East It stands upon a very well watered Soil Caesarius Bishop of Arles presided at a Council here in 527. in the Papacy of Foelix IV. Long 25. 49. Lat. 43. 18. Carpi Carpum a small City in Lombardy in Italy with a Castle and Principality belonging to the Duke of Modena It has a large Territory to it and a Collegiate Church built first by Aistulphus one of the Kings of the Lombards who died about 750. Rebuilt by Albertus Pius who was then Prince of Carpi with greater magnificence and is exempted from the Jurisdiction of all the Neighbour Bishops who have any Pretensions to it by the Decrees of Julius II. and Leo X. This City lies 4 Leagues from Modena to the North. Carrara a small Town in the Province of Tuscany in Italy between Massa and Sarsina belonging to the Prince of Massa with the Title of a Principality Carrhae an antient City of Mesopotamia upon the River Charra remarkable in History for the Defeat of Crassus by the Parthians in the year of Rome 701. It has had the honor to be a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Edessa This is the Charan mentioned in the Story of the Patriarch Abraham Carriek-Fergus See Knock-Fergus Carrict Carricta a small Bailywick or Earldom in the West of Scotland which has Dumbritain-Fryth to the West and North Nithisdale to the East and Galloway to the South It is fruitful and supplyed both by Sea and Land with all the necessaries of Life The Earldom belongs now to the Prince of Scotland Cars See Chars Carthago Carthage call'd by the Grecians 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 was once the most famous and potent City in Africa and the Rival of Rome generally supposed to be built by Queen Dido a Tyrian Princess An. Mundi 3725. 72 years after Rome 874 years before the Birth of our Saviour But then Justin makes it to be built before Rome and Appian before the Ruin of Troy and this is now thought the more probable Opinion The Learned Vossius in his Book de Magnitudine Vrbium is confident that it was not only built before the Trojan War but in its greatest Dignity Extent and Power before that time and that Dido was only the Repairer of it and that it was much older than Tyre itself But however certain it is that it was a Phaenician Colony It subjected by degrees not only all Lybia but a great part of the adjacent Islands and the greatest part of Spain and Sicily It sustained 3 sharp Wars with Rome the first lasted 24 years the second 18 and had ended in the Ruin of Rome if the Carihaginians had but supplied their General effectually and in time The third lasted
of Highworth which returns two Burgesses to the Parliament Crema Crema Forum Diuguntorum a City in the State of Venice called by the French Creme which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Boâ—oma seated upon the River Serium Serio sixty Miles from Verona to the West and twenty from Milan to the East This City was once a part of the Dukedom of Milan and is very strongly fortified Made a Bishoprick in 1579. by Pope Gregory XIII being the Capital of the Territory adjacent called Cremasco Cremera a small River in the Dukedom of Thuscany in Italy falling into the Tiber five Miles below Rome The 300 Fabii were cut to pieces by an Ambuscade of the Enemy upon the Banks of it A Misfortune so lamented by the Romans that they cursed the very City-Gate by which they marched with the Title of Scelerata and placed the Day of their overthrow in the Catalogue of black and dismal Days Cremona Colonia Vrbs Crenomanorum a City of the Dukedom of Milan which is a Bishop's See under that Archbishop and stands upon the Po in the Borders of the Dukedom of Parma forty Miles from Mantua to the East and the same distance from Milan to the South-East This City was built 445 Years after Rome and made afterwards a Roman Colony it has been often ruined and rebuilt at present a strong great rich populous City and has a strong Castle to the East with an University granted by Sigismund the Emperor The Territory belonging to it is a fruitful delicious Plain having on the North and East the River Ollio on the South the Po where there are several Districts beyond that River belonging to it and on the West the River Abdua The French and Modenese besieged this City in 1648. but were not able to take it Crempen Crempa a small but fortified City in the Dukedom of Holsatia in the County of Stormaren upon the River of that Name not above one Mile from the River Elb to the North about ten Danish Miles from Lubec to the West and fifteen from Embden to the East This belongs to the King of Denmark Crequi a Seigniory in Artois upon the Confines of Picardy giving Name to an honourable Family which has been famous for divers illustrious Persons Cressy See Creci Crespi Crepiacum the chief Town of the Dukedom de Valois in the Isle of France built in a fine Plain seven Miles from Meaux to the North and three from la Ferte Francis I. and the Emperor Charles V. held a Treaty of Peace here in 1544. Crest Crestidium Crista Arnaldi a City in the Dauphinate in France upon a River of the same Name two Miles from the Some to the East and twenty two from Avignon to the North. Fortified with a Castle and a Tower Creta See Candia Crevant Crevantium a Town in Burgundy in France upon the North Side of the River Sure in the North-West Border of that Dutchy two Miles from Auxerre to the North and twenty three from Dijon to the North-West In 1423. there was a sharp Fight here between the English and the French with the Victory by Confession to the English There is a Stone-Bride over the Sure here Creuse Crosa a River in France which riseth in la Marche and running to the North West entereth Berry and passeth through the Town of Black in the Borders of Berry then entering Touraine it falls having in this Course received the Little Creuse and some other Rivers into the Loyre at â—â—ndes above Saumur Crewkern a Market Town in Somersetshire the Capital of its Hundred Seated on the Banks of the River Parret Written also Crokehorn Crickhowel a Market-Town in the County of Brecknock in Wales the Capital of its Hundred The Marquess of Worcester has a Castle here Crim Tartary or the Precopensian Tartars is a vast Tract of Land bounded on the North by Russia from which it is parted by the River Donetz in great part and also by Ockraina and Dikoia on the East by Pervolock on the South by the Kingdom of Astarcan the Petigori Cabardia the Palus Meotis and Euxine Sea and on the West by the Boristhenes which parts it from Wolynia Extended vastly from East to West but not so broad The chief Force of it lies in the Peninsula in the Black Sea These Tartars have been heretofore Christians but now Mahometans and the inseparable Allies of the Turks in hopes to succeed upon the failure of the Ottoman House otherwise they live under a Prince of their own See Krim Crincon Crientio a River of Artois near Arras Crinisus a River in the West of the Island of Sicily springing in the Valley of Mazara twenty five Miles from Palermo and afterwards falling into the Sea of Tunis Now called Il Belicidestro Crismato Phaenus a Mountain in Normandy Croatia Liburnia a Dukedom belonging to the Emperor of Germany call'd by the Germans Crabaten and is a part of the Kingdom of Hungary Bounded on the North by Sclavonia on the East by Bosnia on the South by Dalmatia and the Adriatick Sea and on the West by Carniola a Province of Germany The Turks were heretofore possessed of all the Southern Parts of it but the Emperor has lately recovered them The Inhabitants are excellent Horsemen and have of late done great Service against the Turks Crocodilon an ancient City in the Kingdom of Aegypt upon the Banks of the Nile in the Country called Thebais They adored the Crocodiles as Gods in the vulgar Opinion at this Place and therefore it came to take their Name Croia the principal City of Albania a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Durazzo Dyrrhachium upon the River Lisana within ten English Miles of the Adriatick thirty from Durazzo to the North about a hundred and ten South of Ragusa It was heretofore very strong George Castriot commonly called Scanderbeg often broke the Fury of the Ottoman Forces here but after his Death it fell into their Hands Cromer a Market-Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of North Erpingham lying to the Sea Croncarty a Sea-Port-Town in Ross in Scotland upon the Eastern Sea at the North Point of Murray Fyrth Cronenburg Coronaeburgum a strong Castle in Zealand belonging to the King of Denmark taken by the Swedes in 1658. but since restored again At this place which was built by Frederick II. King of Denmark for the purpose in 1577. all Ships are forced to pay their Toll which pass the Sound Cronstat Corona a City of Transylvania often called Brassovia by the Inhabitants Brassaw in the middle of the Eastern Borders of that Dutchy towards Walachia at the foot of the Carpathian Mountains upon the River Burzazgh It is a strong Place and has three great Suburbs inhabited by three several Nations forced to receive an Imperial Garrison in May 1688. General Heusler in a Fight near this place Aug. 21. 1690. suffered a great Defeat wherein himself was taken Prisoner by the Tartars who not knowing him sold him
Jupiter the other to Venus heretofore are yet visible upon it England Anglia called by the French Angleterre by the Italians Inghilterra by the Germans Engel-landt by the Spaniards Inglaterra is the greatest the most Southern and the best Part of the Island of Great Britain called heretofore Albion Britannica and Britannia Which noble Island is divided into three Parts England Wales and Scotland England has Scotland on the North the Irish Sea in part and Wales in part and then the Irish Sea again on the West the British Sea on the South and the German Sea on the East Between 17. and 22. Deg. of Long. between 50. and 57. of N. Lat. It lies together with Wales in the Form of a great Triangle whereof the Southern Shoar is the Base and Berwick the opposite Angle from whence to the Lands End it is accounted three hundred eighty six Miles Long and two hundred seventy nine Broad containing in that Compass about thirty Millions of Acres of Land It was divided by the Romans into five Parts by the Saxons into seven Kingdoms and now into forty one Shires or Counties In which the Parishes amount to about ten thousand The Air is very Temperate both in Winter and Summer being warmed in the one and cooled in the other by the Sea-Vapors the Soil for the most part very fruitful watered with three hundred twenty five Rivers The Inhabitants Valiant and Industrious And as Nature has given it whatever is absolutely necessary to the Life of Man so the Natives by their Trade and Commerce bring in from abroad what may be had throughout the World for Convenience Delight Magnificence and Ornament It has also the best Government and the best constituted Religion of any Nation in the World and as much Learning Civility Arts and Trade as any other Our Fleets excel at Sea our Foot at Land those of all other Nations In short we want nothing to make us happy but Gratitude to God and Union amongst our selves This Island became first known to the Romans about fifty years before the Birth of Christ Julius Caesar entered it with a Fleet in the Year of the World 3895. and renewed his Attempt the year following but the Civil Wars breaking out between him and Pomper the Romans made little Progress here though they kept their Ground till the Reign of Claudius who entered Britain in Person and staying not long his General Aulus Plautius carried on the War so that he took in the greatest part of this Island now called England and under him Vespasian learned the Art of War Didius Avitus succeeded as General and Nero as Emperor under whom the Romans were in great Danger of an utter Extirpation from the Britains But this Storm blowing over they conquered all they cared for as far the Fyrths of Galloway and Edinburgh in Scotland only their ordinary and standing Bounds were between Newcastle and Carlisle They continued their Possession till the year of Christ 433. and then withdrew to desend their nearer Dominions on the Continent against the prevailing barbarous Northern Nations In 449. the Saxons were called in to help the Britains against the Picts those Nations that had never been subject to the Romans in the North of Britain In 455. Hengist their General set up the Kingdom of Kent and began the Conquest of the British By the year 819. the Heptarchy or seven Kingdoms of the Saxons united in one under Egbert King of the West-Saxons which Union received its utmost Perfection under Alfrid about 873. The Danes who had given Occasion to this Union pursuing their Depredations at last conquered the Saxons in 1018. and set up Sweno a Prince of their own In 1042. Edward the Confessor restored the Saxon Line which was broken by William the Conqueror in 1066. But the Blood was again restored by Henry II. in 1155. Edward I. united Wales in 1246. K. Henry II. began and K. John finished the Conquest of Ireland about the Year 1184. in the Reign of Richard I. his Brother In the year 1602. James I. K. of Scotland succeeding Qu Elizabeth of Blessed Memory united Scotland to England And the great Rebellion in 1640. ended in 1660. by the Restitution of Charles the Merciful and Just Yet the Miseries that brought it in the Calamities that attended it and the Judgments that have followed it may be eternal Monitors to English Men to be Loyal to the King and stedfast to the Church Engur Astelfus a River of Asia which springeth from Mount Caucasus and watering Mengrelia falls into the Euxine or Black Sea between Charus and Hippus Twenty Miles North of Chobus another River of the same Country Engury Ancyra a City of Galatia in the Lesser Asia upon the River Parthenius now Sangari which falls into the Black Sea at Cangary This was the Metropolis of Galatia yet seated in the Confines of Paphlagonia on an advanced Ground And made Famous by a Council here held in 314. and another in 357. Called by the Turks Enguri Engouri Angouri or Anguri fifty Miles to the East from Scutari and sixty from Smyrna to the N. East It is now considerable and the Capital of one of the Turkish Provinces in Asia Mithridates the Famous King of Pontus was overthrown by Pompey near this City-Bajazet the Turk in the year 1403. was in the same Place taken Prisoner by Tamerlane the Scythian Conqueror Long. 62. 10. Lat. 42. 30. Enham Aenhamum a Town in the County of Southampton in the Hundred of Andover Of Note for a Council here congregated of the Bishops of both the Provinces in the Year 1009. under the Reign of King Ethelred Enkoping Enecopia a Town in the Province of Vplandia in the Kingdom of Sweden near the Lake Meler five or six Leagues from Vpsal Enna an ancient City standing heretofore in the Center of the Island of Sicily and Famous both for a Temple dedicated to the Goddess Ceres Ennea and for the excellentest Springs in all the Island which are applauded by Cicero and Diodorus The Bellum Servile of Sicily was raised by Syrus Ennus of this Place and ended with the Reduction of this Place also under the Conduct of Pimperna Eno Aenos a City of Thrace called by the Turks Ygnos by the Greeks Eno. It stands on the Archipelago at the Mouth of the River Hebrus now Mariza which runs a little South of Adrianople and here falls into the Sea over against the Isle of Samandrachi forty Miles from the new Dardanels to the North and sixty five English Miles from Adrianople South Is now a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Constantinople Enrichemont See Boisbelle Ens Claudivium Claudionum Anisus is both a River and a City of Austria the River riseth in the Bishoprick of Saluburgh near Rachstad and running North-East as far as Newmarckt it takes in that of Celstal North-West it meets the Steyr at Steyr Castle and there it turns to the North and washeth the East Side of the City of Ens half a German
Redoubts with sixty thousand men within it and one hundred Cannon whereupon the Duke retreated June 20. and repassed the Drave at Siclos See Mohatz After the unfortunate taking of Belgrade by the Turks October 1690. they set down immediately with an Army of fifteen thousand Men before this Place but retired without Success Essedones or Issedones an ancient People of Scythia whose Capital Town was Issedon now called Caracoran Herodotus says of them that they used to eat the dead bodies of their Parents reserving the head to be set in Gold and made the object of their annual Sacrifices Essekebe or Esquib Essequebia one of the principal Rivers of South America It ariseth in Guiana near to the Lake of Parime and running Eastward to improve its Streams by the addition of many smaller Rivers it falls into the North Sea near Meapuer In Long. 318. The Dutch who have many Plantations upon it call it by this name Essex Essexia is a County in the East of England inhabited heretofore in part by the Trinobantes bounded on the North by Suffolk and Cambridgeshire on the West by Hartford and Middlesex on the South by Kent and on the East by the German Sea The principal City in it is Colchester This Country is very fruitful full of Noblemen and Gentlemens Houses The principal Rivers which water it are the Stour that divideth it from Suffolk the Thames from Kent the Ley from Middlesex and the Little Stour from Hartfordshire which besides their fruitful Meadows and the convenience of Carriage afford it plenty of Fish besides these there is the Ill the Crouch the Chelme the Blackwater and the Colne which arise and fall within this Country and many of them are great Rivers There are many smaller ones whose Names cannot be taken in here This County gave the Title of Earl to the Families of the Mandeviles the Bohuns the Bourchiers Thomas Lord Cromwell William Lord Parre before it came to the D'Eureuxe's Robert d'Eurex Viscount Hereford General of the Parliaments Army against Charles I. dying Septem 13. 1646. and his Son Robert an Infant before the Restitution of Charles II. Arthur Capel Baron of Hadham was created Earl of Essex and Viscount Malden April 20. 1661. and made Lord Lieutenant in Ireland in 1672. He perished miserably in the Tower His Son then an Infant succeeded him in this Honor. Esslingen See Esling Essone Exona a small River and Village in the Isle of France The Town stands five Miles from Paris to the South-West and one from Corbeile to the West Estampes Stampae a Town and Dutchy in Beausse in France The Town stands upon a River of the same Name ten Leagues from Paris to the South and sixteen from Orleans to the North mentioned in Georgius Turonensis Aimonius and other French Historians It is placed on the Some at the Confluence of another small River which is sometimes called l'Yone and sometimes La riviere d'Estampes There is a Collegiate Church and divers Religious Houses standing in it but the Castle was ruined in 1652. This Town was created first an Earldom in 1327. by Charles IV. King of France Then a Dukedom in 1536. by King Francis I. And has been many times honoured not only with French Synods but with the Assemblies of the States The Huguenotts took it by Scalade in 1567. Estaples Stabulae Stapulae a Sea-Port-Town in the County of Boulogne in Picardy sixteen Miles North of Dieppe and ten from Calais South Este or Est Ateste a Town in the Dominion of the State of Venice mentioned by Pliny and Tacitus which was once a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileia It stands in the District of Padua upon the little Medoacus or the River Bachiglione which washing the Walls of Vicenza and Este falls into the Venetian Gulph twelve Miles from Padua to the South The Dukes of Modena in Italy of which Illustrious House Mary Consort to King James II. is take their Name from this Place who were before a great while Dukes of Ferrara Modena and Regio Now only of Modena See the History of the Family of Este written in Italian by Jean Baptistâ— Pigna and in English by Mr. Crawford Esteing an ancient Barony in the Province of Rouergne in France since advanced to an Earldom It gives Name to an Honourable Family that by the concession of Philip the August in the year 1214. as a reward for the noble actions of one of their Ancestors bears the same Coat of Arms with the Crown Estella or Stella a small City in the Kingdom of Navarr upon the River Ega where it receives the Vreder eight Miles from Pampelona to the South and the same from Calahorra to the North. Built in the year 1094. It is the Capital of the Territory called la Merindada de Estella Esten Esthonia a considerable Province in the North of Livonia heretofore under the Poles but now the Swedes It lies between the Sinus Finnicus a part of the Baltick Sea to the North Lettonia Liefland to the South the Bay of Riga to the West and Ingria a Province of Russia to the East the chief City in it is Revel the Capital of this Province which is sometimes called Eastland Estepa Astapa a City or great Town in Andalusia in Spain seated upon a Hill in the Confines of the Kingdom of Granada about twelve Miles from Malaga to the North and seventeen from Sevil to the South-East This sprung out of the ruines of Astapa an old Iberian City or Phoenician Colony which being besieged by Marcellus a Roman General the Inhabitants burnt themselves with their Wives and Children and all they had that they might not fall into the hands of the Romans as Livy saith Cstoiteland Estotilandia a great Tract of Land in the North of America towards the Actick Circle and Hudson's Bay having New France on the South and James's Bay to the West This is a part of Canada now commonly called New Britain and Terra Laboratoris The first of the American Shoars which was discovered being found by some Friesland Fishers that were driven hither by a Tempest almost two hundred years before Columbus In 1390. Nicolas and Antonius Zeni two Brothers that were Venetian Gentlemen at the Charges of Zichini King of Friesland took a view the second time of these Shoars John Skoluo a Polonian in 14â—6 about eighty six years after the first discovery sailing past Norway Greenland and Friesland and entering into the Streight beyond the Artick Circle arrived at this Country Which is Mountainous overgrown with Woods full of all manner of wild and savage Beasts and only known as to the Shoars but yet the Soil is fruitful Hofman Estouteville a Town in the Vpper Normandy in France advanced to the quality of a Dukedom by King Francis I. in 1538. There is a Noble Family deriving their Name from it Estremadura Extremadura is a Province of the Kingdom of Portugal at the Mouth of the Tagus upon the Western Ocean bounded on the North
and Forli to the South twenty Miles from Ravenna to the West It is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ravenna and under the Dominion of the Pope only famous for Earthen Ware The French call it Faience Faience Faventia a small City in Provence in France upon the River Benzon three Leagues from Grasse to the West and six from the Mediterranean Sea The Bishops of Frejus are Lords of it The French call Faenza in Italy Faience Faire-Foreland Robodigum the most North-East Country of Ireland in the County of Antrim in the Province of Vlster Faire-Isle a Rock in the Caledonian Sea between the Orkneys and Shetland in which is the Castle Dumo Fairford a Market-Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Brittlesbarrough Fakenham a Market-Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Gallow. Falaise Fallesia Falesia a Town in Normandy upon the River Ante which falls into the Dive at Morteaux seven Leagues from Caen to the South and four from Argentan to the North-West The principal Seat and Garrison of the first Dukes of Normandy William the Conqueror Natural Son of Robert II. Duke of Normandy was born here This Place was taken by the English from the French in 1417. There is now a round high Tower standing in it Cape Falcon a Promontory West of Oran in Barbary Falconara Assinarius a River of Sicily It flows by the Town of Noto and falls into the Ionian Sea between the Cape of Passaro Pachynum and the City of Syracuse ten Miles from the Cape to the North and twenty five from the City to the South This River is made famous by the Defeat of the Athenian Forces here by the Syracusans in the Year of the World 3537. which Victory being gained by the Assistance of the Lacedemonians they took the Advantage of it and at last in 3546. took Athens under Lysander Faleria Faleris a ruined City of the Province of Tuscany in Italy mentioned by the Ancients The Episcopal See which it possessed formerly was transferred to Civita Castellana a City built nigh the Ruins of this Falernus a Mountain of Campagna di Roma in Italy famous for the excellent Wines growing upon it which animated the ancient Poets so often to sing its Praises Falisci an ancient People of Hetruria in Italy who made War a considerable time with the Romans their Neighbours till reduced by Camillus in the Year of Rome 360. They are said to have come hither out of Macedonia The Capital of their Dominions was the ancient Faleria Falkenburg or Valkenburg a small Town in Brabant upon the River Geule two Leagues from Maestricht to the East and four from Aquisgrane It was under the Dominion of the Hollanders till 1672. when it was taken by the French and dismantled But in 1678. returned under them again with Maestricht This Town is called by the French Fauquemont and in Antoninus his Itinerary Coriovallum Falkland a small Town in Scotland in the County of Fife beautified with an ancient Retiring House of their Kings and very commodious for the Pleasure of Hunting Fallekoping or Falcoping Falcopia a Town in the Province of Westrogothia in the Kingdom of Sweden five or six Leagues from Scaren Falmouth Voluba a noble Haven on the South of Cornwal as great as Brundusium in Italy and as safe an hundred Ships may ride in it out of sight each of other secured by two Castles at its entrance built by Henry VIII In 1664. Charles II. Created Charles Lord Barkley Earl of Falmouth who was slain at Sea June 2. 1665. George Fitz-Roy now Duke and Earl of Northumberland was Created Vicount Falmouth by the same Prince Octob. 1. 1673. The old Roman Town Voluba from which it had its name is now totally ruined and gone it stood higher up into the Land upon the River Valle over against Tregony Falster Falstria Insula Dianae an Island in the Baltick Sea on the South of the Isle of Zeeland from which it is parted only by a narrow Channel called Groene-Sund It has one Town call'd Nykoping and gives name to a good Family in Denmark Faluga-diabete a small Island belonging to Sardinia on the West of that Island Famagosta Fama Augusta called by the French Famagouste is a very strong City in the Island of Cyprus on the Eastern Shoar which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Nicosia and was of old called Arsinoe This City has a large and a safe Port And was taken by the Genouese in 1370. By the Venetians about 1470. and by the Turks from the Venetians in the Year 1571. after a Siege of ten Months Famar or Fanar a Town at the Entrance of the Black Sea in Thrace four German Miles North of Constantinople Famar Arietis Frons Criumetopon the most Southern Cape of the Little or Krim Tartary Tanricia which lies an hundred and fifty Miles from Constantinople to the North-East Famastro Amastrus a City upon the Euxine or White Sea upon the East Side of the River Dolap fifty Miles from Scutari East and the same from Amasia North-West It grew up out of the Ruins of four neighbouring Cities to a vast greatness Fanar Acheron a River and Town of Epirus Fanari-Kiosc a Royal Pleasure House belonging to the Grand-Seignior one League Distant from Constantinople and Galata at the Entrance of the Streights of Constantinople near the Port of Chalcedon in Natolia Built by Solyman II. Vessels arriving upon this Coast by Night are lightned by a Fanal from hence Fano Fanum Fortunae an Episcopal City in the States of the Church in the Dukedom of Vrbino but not of it twenty Miles from Vrbino to the East and thirty seven from Ancona to the North. This was the Country of Clement VIII his Father a Florentine living here as an Exile The Temple of Fortune which the Romans built in Memory of their Victory over Asdrubal the Brother of Hannibal in the Year of Rome 547. wherein they slew Asdrubal himself with 50000 Men did stand near this City Fanshere a River in the Island of Madagascar Fantin a small Kingdom in Guiney in Africa where the English and Dutch have some Castles Fanu an Island near Corfu to the North-West Fara Pharan a City and Mountain in the Stony Arabia upon the Red-Sea twenty Miles from Sues South and from Eltor North over against Dacata in Aegypt Farfar Fabris a small River in the State of the Church It riseth near a Castle called Capo Farfar and running to the North-East it watereth a Monastery of the same Name then falls into the Tibur § Farfar Farfaro Fer Orontes a River of Syria which ariseth from Mount Libanus and running Northward it watereth Apamia and the great Antioch then falls into the Mediterranean Farham a Market-Town in the County of Southampton The Capital of its Hundred Faribo Helicon Haliarkmon one of the most considerable Rivers of Macedonia which rising out of the Mountains of Albania and traversing the whole breadth of that Kingdom from thence falls into the Bay
which it sprung A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio from which it lies twenty seven Miles to the North-East Giera-petra Hiera-petra Hyerpytna a City of Candia or Creet which has a Castle and an Haven such as it is and heretofore a Bishops See it lies on the South side of the Island in the Territory of Sitia near Mount Malaura sixteen Miles from Setia to the West now under the Dominion of the Turks Giessen Giessa a small but very strong City in Hassia in Germany upon the River Lhone four Leagues from Marpurg to the South It was of late years made an University and is the strongest Town in this Province under the Landtgrave of Darmstadt in part and of Cassel in part Giffhorn a Town in the Dutchy of Lunenburg in the Lower Saxony upon the River Allere three or four Leagues from Brusnwick and a little more from Zell Gigel Gigeri Gigari Igiti a City of Africa heretofore a Bishops See but now a small Village in the Province of Bugia in the Kingdom of Algier twenty seven Miles from Algier to the East upon the Shoars of the Mediterranean Taken by the French in 1664. and afterwards deserted There was another City which Ptolemy calls Colops and placeth in the Province of Zeugitania which is now called Giger Giglio Igilium Iginium Egilium a small Mountainous Island in the Tyrrhenian Sea which has in it one Village and a Castle and belonged heretofore to the Republick of Sienna with which it came into the hands of the Duke of Tuscany It lies about a Mile from the nearest Coast of Italy between 34. and 35. deg of Long. in Lat. 41. 55. Gihon one of the four Rivers springing from the Paradise of Adam and Eve Gen. 2. 13. Josephus makes it the same with the Nile others with the Araxes See Nilus Gilan Gelae Gilania a Province of Persia upon the South side of the Caspian Sea which from it is often called the Sea of Gilan The chief City of this Province is Gilan and stands upon the River Abisirni twenty five German Miles from the Caspian Sea in Long. 90. 13. and Lat. 40. Gilboa a Chain of Mountains in the Holy Land extended the length of ten or twelve Leagues from the City Jezrael to Jordan along the Tribe of Issachar and the Vpper Galilee Famous in the Jewish History for the encampment defeat and death of King Saul and his three Sons here in a Battel with the Philistines and for David's cursing these Mountains with Barrenness for Jonathan's sake They are almost all covered with Stones Taking their Name some suppose from an ancient City Gilboa As at this time we are told of a considerable Town called Gilbus standing amongst them Gilead The Mount properly in the Region of Trachonitis in Palestine whereat Jacob and Laban passed a Covenant with each other Gen. 31. But afterwards extended to express the Cities and Country adjacent which were given by Moses to the Tribe of Gad Josh 13. 25. Gillesland a Tract in the North parts of the County of Cumberland from whence the Earl of Carlisle receives the title of Baron Dacre of Gillesland Gilolo an Island in the East Indian Ocean to the west of the Moluccaes and East of the Terra des Papaous in 165. deg of Long. It has four Points of Land shooting forth into the Sea as many different ways One about twenty another fifty Leagues Long. The Capital of it is called Gilolo also Gindes a River springing from the Martian Mountains of Armenia and ending in the Tigris In which course it retarding the passage of Cyrus's Army to the Siege of Babylon he broke it into three hundred and sixty Channels Gingi Gingis a great City in the Promontory of Malabar in the East-Indies which gives Name to a Province This City was heretofore under the King of Bisnagar but has now a Prince of its own it is very strong and has a Castle built upon a Rock The Province or Kingdom of Gingi has Bisnagar to the North the Gulph of Bengala on the East the Mountains of Malabar on the West and the Kingdom of Tanjaour to the South Gingiro a Kingdom in the Lower Aethiopia towards Melincle Zanguebar and the Eastern Ocean Ginopoli Gemanopolis Jonopolis a City of Paphligonia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gangra It lies upon the Black Sea ten German Miles West of Carambis the most Northern Cape of the Lesser Asia Giordano Jordan Giorgiana Georgia Giovenazzo Juvenacium a Maritim City of Apulia Pucetia now Terra di Lavoro upon the Gulph of Venice between Bari to the North and Trani to the South welve Miles from the first and a little morefrom the latter In Long. 40. 50. Lat. 41. 12. This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari It stands upon an Hill and is almost incompassed with the Sea Giovenco Juvencus Invectus a River of Italy in the Kingdom of Naples which falls into the Lake of Celano at the foot of the Appennine forty five Miles West of Rome in the Province of Abruzzo Heretofore it passed through the Lake without mixing with it but whether it passeth into any other River or is swallowed up by the subterraneous passages which carry away the waters of that Lake Leandro has not informed us Gir a River of Africa which rising in Biledulgerida not far from the Atlantick Ocean runs Eastward and passing under several Chains of Hills and Mountains at last falls into Nile above the Cataracts of Egypt It is a vast and wonderful River in all things and deserves a more particular description if the Counties through which it passes were so known to us as to enable us to give it Girgia See Hyrach Girigo Girgium a City of the Vpper Egypt near the Nile the Capital of a Province which takes its Name from this City betwixt Barbanda and the Sahid Otherwise written Girgilo Girmasti Caicus a River of the Lesser Asia which rising by a City of the same Name washeth Judai Pergama Caristo and Stinga then falls into the Archipelago over against the Isle of Metellino The City of Girmasti was of Old called Hierogerma and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cyzioeno called only Germa in the Councils being attributed by some to Mysia Minor by others to Phrygia Minor it lies between Balichstria to the East and Pergama to the West Giro or Palmacia Venaria a small Island on the Eastern Coasts of Genoua Girona Gerunda a City of Catalonia in Spain built by Gerion a celebrated Hero who is said to have lived Anno Mundi 2840. and to have been Contemporary with Hely the Judge of Israel It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona of a large extent seated partly upon the descent of a Hill partly upon a Plain ennobled with two Bridges one in the City over the River Oingar and the other without the City on the North side over the River Ter and besides is very well fortified and honoured with the
Title of a Dukedom This City lies seven Leagues from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea to the West eight from the Borders of France fourteen from Perpignan to the South and sixteen from Barcelona to the North. A Spanish Council was held at it in 517. Gisborn a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Stancliff Gisborough a Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Langburgh situated in a pleasant Flat between Mulgrave and the River Tees and heretofore enriched with an Abbey This is the first place where Allum was made in England Gisors Caesortium Caesarotium and Gisorium an ancient Town in Normandy mentioned by Antoninus the Capital of le Vexin Normand a Territory in this Province which lies upon the River Epte sixteen Leagues from Paris to the West and ten from Roan to the North-East It has given the Title of an Earl for many Ages past About the year 1188. Henry I. King of England and Philip the August King of France had an Enterview betwixt this place and Trie after the news of the taking of Jerusalem by Saladine wherein they agreed upon a Croisade for the recovery of the Holy Land again and to lay aside their differences with one another till they had performed it Givaudan or Gevaudan Gabali a Territory in Languedoc the Capital of which is Mende it lies between Auvergne to the North Rovergne to the West the Lower Languedoc to the South and Vivarais and Velay to the East Placed in the Mountains of Sevennes and very subject to Snow yet not unfruitful near the sourse of the Allier the Lot Olda and the Tarn Mende the principal City lies twenty five Leagues from Lyon to the South West and Baignol the next to Mende in greatness lies about six Miles South of it This was the Country of the ancient people called Gabales It now gives the Title of Earl to the Bishops of Mende and was first united to the Crown of France in 1271. being heretofore under its own Counts The Huguenots ravaged it much in the last Age. Giulap Chaboras Chobar a River and City of Mesopotamia The River ariseth from Mount Masius in the Confines of the Greater Arabia and running Southward through Mesopotamia falls into the River Euphrates at Al Thabur which last City it seems is by some called Giulap The River is the same that passeth by Caramit the Capital of Diarbeck or Mesopotamia and in the latter Maps is called Soaid supposed to be the River Chobar mentioned by Ezekiel the Prophet See Chaibar Giulia Julia a City of Transylvania between the Rivers of Sebekeres and Feyerkeres upon the Lake Zarkad seven German Miles South of Great Waradin upon the Frontiers of Transylvania in the Hands of the Turk whose Ancestors conquered it in 1566. Some Authors believe this to be the same place with the Ziridava of the Ancients Giulich a Branch of Mount Taurus in Cilicia Giulick See Juliers Giustandil Acrys Justiniana Prima Lychnidus Tauresium a City of Macedonia commonly by the Christians called Locrida standing on the Confines of Albania upon the Lake Pelioum out of which the River riseth that watereth Albanopoli This City was the Birth-place of that Great Prince Justinian the Emperour and from him had the Name of Justiniana even now it is a great and populous City and an Archbishops See it stands upon an high Hill eighty Miles from Durazzo to the East Glamorganshire Glamorgania Morganucia one of the twelve Counties of Wales has on the South the Severn Sea on the East Monmouthshire on the North Brecknockshire and on the West Caermarthenshire the North part being Mountainous is barren and unpleasant the South side descending by degrees spreads it self into a fruitful Plain which is filled with Towns The principal City of this County is Landaff There is in this County one hundred and eighteen Parishes The Earldom was granted to Edward Somerset Lord Herbert of Chepstow c. by Charles I. in 1645. the Father of Henry Duke of Beaufort in which most Loyal and most Noble Family it now is Glan Clanes a River in Bavaria which now falls into the Danube Glandeves Glandeva Glannata Glannatica a ruined City in Provence amongst the Maritime Alpes near the River Var giving Name to an Honourable Family in Province and formerly dignified with the Title of an Earldom The continual Inundations of the River Var obliged the Inhabitants to desert it about eight hundred years ago who settled at Entrevaux at the distance of a quarter of a League from it whether they removed also the Episcopal See of Glandeves which is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Ambrun Glanfordbridge or Glamford a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Yarborough Glanio Clanius Liris a River in Italy now frequently called L'Agno See Agno Glarys Calarona Glarona a Town in Switzerland which is the Capital of a Canton seated in a Valley of the same Name upon the River Sarneff amongst very high Hills called Glarnischberg eighteen Miles from Altorf to the South-East and as many from Schwits to the North-East This is so great populous and strong that it may compare with most Cities The Plain upon which it stands lies by the River Limat about three German Miles in length being fensed on three sides by the towring Alpes having on the South and East the Grisons on the West the Canton Von Vry and Schwits and on the North the River Limat which parts it from the Grisons This is one of the lesser Cantons and the eighth in number Of old subject to the Monastery of Secon which had the Tythes and some certain Rents but the Inhabitants were otherwise free of all Exactions Taxes and Tolls and governed by a Senate chosen out of themselves by their own Laws and Customs only the Abbess of the Monastery chose the Senators and the Emperor was Advocate of the Monastery which Right being consigned by Fredericus Aenobarbus to Otho Palatine of Burgundy came to the House of Hapspurgh and by the latter to Albert Son of Rodolphus I. who attempting to change these Methods of Government this Canton in 1351. revolted and was received into the League of the Cantons and in 1386. gave the Austrians a fatal overthrow Zuinglius about 1515. preaching here against the Church of Rome many of the Inhabitants imbraced the Reformed Religion the rest persisting in the Roman and so it stands at this day Glas Nanaeus a River in Scotland the same with Strachnavern Glascow Glasquo Glascum a City in the West of Scotland upon the River Cluyd Glotta sixteen Miles from the Western Shoar This was very anciently a Bishops See but discontinued till King William of Scotland restored it now an Archbishops See and an University which was opened by Turnbull a Bishop who in 1554. built a College here and it is now the best place of Trade in this part of Scotland having a delightful situation excellent Apples and a Bridge of eight Arches over the
falls into the River Oakre Obater Gostynin Gostinia a small Town and a Castellany thereto belonging in the Palatinate of Rava in the Great Poland two Miles from the Vistula and Ploczko to the South which has a Castle tolerably strong This small Place was made famous by the Imprisonment and Death of Susicius Great Duke of Muscovy Gotham Egates Aegates a knot of small Islands in the Mediterranean Sea over against the Western Point of Sicily upon the Coast of Africa Gothardsberg or S. Gothard Adula Summae Alpes a considerable Branch of the Swiss Alpes between the Dutchy of Milan and Switzers where the Pennine Alpes begin it lies in part in the Canton of Vri and in part in the Upper League of the Grisons between Altorff to the North and the Town of Belinzona once a Town of the Dutchy of Milan now belonging to the Swiss upon the River Tesino to the South the parts of this Mountain are Grispaltsberg from whence springeth the first Branch of the Rhine Vogselberg called by the Italians il monte Vccello from whence comes the second Branch of the Rhine Mont Furk from whence the Rhosne and the Tesino Mont Grimsel the Mother of the Aar and Russ which do both afterwards fall into the Rhine It is dangerous to pass this Branch of the Alpes without Guides being ordinarily covered with Snow Gothen Gotha a small City in Thuringia in Germany built by the Goths which is now under the Duke of Gotha a Branch of the House of Saxony whose Castle is Grimmestein This place was heretofore very strong but in the time of Ferdinand I. it was destroyed and in later times rebuilt and called Freidenstein It stands three German Miles from Erford to the West and four from Eysenach § The Dukedom of Gotha is a part of the Vpper Saxony under the Dominion of its own Duke who is a Branch of the Line of Weymar and besides this possessed of Altenburg in Misnia Coburg a part of Hennenberg in Franconia and Osterland in the Vpper Saxony Gothebourg or Gotembourg a very strong City with an Harbour belonging to it in the Province of Westrogothia at the entrance of the Baltick Sea three German Miles from Bahuys to the South sixty six from Stockholm to the South-West and seventeen from Skagen the most Northern Point of Jutland to the North-West In this City Charles IX King of Sweden died in 1660. § There is another Town of the same Name in New York formerly called New Sweden in America built by the Swedes but taken from them by the Hollanders and taken again from the Hollanders by the English Gotland Gothia the South part of the Kingdom of Sweden called by the Inhabitants Gutlandt by the Swedes Gota by the Germans Gotlandt It lies between Sweden properly so called Norway to the North and the Baltick Sea from Norway it is again divided by the vast Lake Wener and the River that issueth out of it This great space of Land is divided into three parts or Provinces West Gota Ost Gota and Sod Gota each of which is again subdivided into lesser Provinces In Ostrogothia is Ost Gota Smaland Oeland and an Island in the Baltiek Sea called Gotland In Sod or South Gota which lies next Denmark being separated from it only by the Sound are Skone Haland and Bleking which three belonged heretofore to the Danes but in 1658. by the Treaty of Roschild were yielded to the Swedes In Westrogothia are Daal and Wermeland the principal Cities in these Provinces are Calmar Gottenbourg Bahuys and Landskroon This was the Country of that Nation of the Goths which contributed so very much to the ruin of the Western Roman Empire being associated in their Conquests by the Rugii the Carini the Sidrones the Vandali and others They began to be taken notice of under Decius the Emperour in the year of Christ 251. Theodosius conquered them after this when they had but a little before ruined Valens his Predecessor Alaricus took Rome and laid all Italy desolate in the Reign of Honorius A. D. 409. after whom Atulphus set up the Kingdom of Wisigoths or Western Goths in Aquitania and Narbon in France which was conquered in 506. or rather removed into Spain where it continued three hundred years till Rodericus the last King of this Race was overthrown and slain by the Moors and Saracens of Africa Of all which I shall speak more largely in the proper places This people had a Bishop named Theophilus assisting at the General Council of Nice under Constantine the Great and another Vlphilas who was a famous Arrian § The Island of Gotland aforementioned in the Baltick Sea is about twelve Leagues long from North to South and five broad from East to West and nine Swedish Miles from the Isle of Oeland to the East with the City Wisburg for its Capital Gottingen Dulgibiorum Dulgumniorum Munitium Juliphurdum Gottinga Gottengen a City of the Lower Saxony in the Dukedom of Brunswick upon the River Leyne five German Miles from Limbecke on the same River to the South twelve from Paterborne to the East and sixteen from Mansfelt to the West the River upon which it stands a little beneath Ferden falls into the Weser above Bremen to the East six Miles Gottorp a Castle near Sleswick in the Province of Jutland in Denmark which is the ordinary residence of the Dukes of Holstein entituled Gottorp from hence in distinction from the Dukes of Holstein Regalis Two Branches of the same Family from Christian III. King of Denmark See Holstein Gotz See Emmaus Goualiar or Govaleor a City and Province of the same Name of the Empire of the Great Mogul in India on this side the Ganges to the East of Agra The former is esteemed one of the most considerable places in the Indies where the Emperour keeps his Treasure and confines the Prisoners of State Goude Gauda a Town and Port of Holland upon the Issel which there receives the River Gou which last gives Name to this place in an advantageous situation upon the account of the Sluces five Leagues from Leyden It is said to have been built in the year 1272. and afterwards in 1420. to have been quite destroyed by fire The Town-house is remarked for a good Building Gouel a River of the Kingdom of Bengale in the East-Indies where Diamonds are found Governo Acroventum a Town in the Dutchy of Milan but under the Dominion of the Republick of Venice upon the Po where the River Menzo comes to join it between Mantoua and Concordia Memorable for the Enterview at it of Pope Leo and Attila King of the Hunns Gournay Gornacum a Town in the Territory of Bray in Normandy upon the River Epte five Leagues from Gisors § There is another of the same Name in the Isle of France upon the Frontiers of Picardy and the River Aronde betwixt Compiegne Noyen and Clermont en Beauvais Gozi Thera and Island near Candia Gozo Gaulos and by the Inhabitants called Gaudisch is a
a Town in the County of Burgundy Haslemere a Market Town in the County of Surrey and the Hundred of Godalming priviledged with the Election of two Parliament men Haslingden a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Blackburn Hassia Hessen called by the French Hesse is a Province of Germany honored with the Title of a Landtgrave or Marquisate which is a Provincial Earldom It lies in the Higher Circle of the Rhine between Westphalia to the North Westerwaldt and Weteraw to the West Franconia to the South Thuringe and the Dukedom of Brunswick to the East The chief Cities and Towns in it are Cassel Hirschfeldt Marpurgh Smalkalden and Ziegenheim Princes of its own have possessed it ever since 1263. It is fruitful in Corn Pasturage Woods Mines and Game This Country took its Name from the Hessi who Conquering the Chatti its old Inhabitants changed the old Name From East to West it extends it self thirty three German Miles in length from North to South twenty three Converted to the Christian Faith by Winifrid or Boniface an English Saxon about 730. Hasnon a Monastery in Artois Haspaam Haspahamum Aspahamum or Hispaham the Royal City of the Kingdom of Persia in the Province of Hierach where the Sophy or King of Persia resides Very great rich populous and daily growing greater The King has here a most magnificent Palace there belong to it three very large Suburbs Some think the ancient Name was Hecatompylon others Aspa The Kings of Persia have resided here near an hundred years and that is it that hath given it this great increase It stands upon the River Zenderoud or Zenderu which ariseth from the Mountain of Dimavend and divides this City into two parts and about five Miles beneath is swallowed up by the Sands It lies seventy German Miles from Casbin to the South eighty from Ormus to the North and a little more from Bagdat to the East Seated in a Plain surrounded on all sides at the distance of about three or four Leagues with an high Mountain like an Amphitheatre Long. 86. 40. Lat. 32. 26. The Province of Hierach in which it stands was the ancient Parthia This City with the Suburbs is about eight German Miles in compass and has twelve Gates whereof there are but nine constantly open it has about eighteen thousand Houses and five hundred thousand Inhabitants The Walls and Bastions are of Brick but ill built ill kept and out of repair so that they are of no use to secure the City Upon the River there is a lovely Stone Bridge This City was taken and destroyed twice by Tamerlane and about 1450 suffered much from one of its own Princes The Mosques the Bazar or Market Place the Baths great Mens Houses and Gardens are the great Ornaments of it Some of the great Houses with their Gardens take up twenty Acres of Ground these Gardens they adorn with Fountains Flowers fine Walks and delicate Rows of Trees both for Shades and Fruits So that the far greatest part of this vast City is taken up by Gardens and not peopled like ours I have taken this short Account out of Olearius who in 1637 was in this City and Thevenot who travelled this Kingdom since Hasbengow See Hasbaigne Hassio Porto Heraclea a Town in the Lesser Asia in Caria between Miletum and the Mouth of the Maeander now Madre thirty Miles from Ephesus to the South Hastings Othona the first of the Cinque Ports in the County of Sussex consisting of two Streets extended in length from North to South having in each of them a Parish Church seated between a high Clift to the Seaward and an Hill to the Land upon a small Brook on the South side of it five Miles West of Winchelsey and near the Eastern Borders of this County It hath had a great Castle upon the Hill which commanded it but this is now ruined and instead of it stands a Light-House to guide the Seamen This and the other Cinque Ports its Members was to send the King twenty one Ships each of which to have twenty one tall Men in it who were bound to appear upon forty days Summons and to serve fifteen days at their own Charge but if the King desired them longer he was to pay to the Master and Constable Six-pence the Day and to each Mariner three pence The Harbor here was made by a Pere of Timber which being destroyed by the raging Seas in 1578 Queen Elizabeth granted a Contribution for the Repairing of it but the Money was misimployed and the Work neglected so that the Trade and Fishery of this place is since that time much decayed The Honorable Theophilus Hastings Earl of Huntingdon is Baron of Hastings This Title being given to Sir William Hastings his Predecessor by Edward the Fourth in the second year of his Reign This Corporation Elects two Members of Parliament Hatfield Bishops a Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Broadwater upon the River Lea. Adorn'd with a stately Palace call'd Hatfield House now in the Possession of the Earls of Salisbury but heretofore belonging to the King Hatfield Broadoke a Market Town in the County of Essex and the Hundred of Harlow upon the River Touridge Havage See Meroë La Havana or S. Christoval de la Havana a famous Sea-Port in the Isle of Cuba in the Bay of Mexico in the West-Indies very great and fortified to the utmost that Art and Expence can arise to seated at the North End of the Island over against the Cape of Florida being the Harbor to which all the Fleets from Spain direct their Course Here they unlade their European Merchandises here they take in the Plate and other Riches of the Spanish West-Indies in order to their Transportation into Europe so that it is one of the most frequented Ports in the West-Indies Whilst all this Wealth passeth and repasseth through it much of it must stick so that it is become very rich and populous The Spaniards have built a strong Castle and setled here a Governor and a good Garrison of Spaniards Yet notwithstanding all this Care and Charge the Buccaneers a few years since with a small number of Ships under Spanish Colours surprized and plundered this place and made the Inhabitants pay a vast Ransome to preserve it from being burnt It lies in Long. 292. 10. Lat. 20. 00. Havant a Market Town in the County of Southampton and the Hundred of Bosmere Havaspeude Dacia Alpestris Havelburgh Havelburgum Havelberga a small City in the Circle of the Lower Saxony which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Maegdeburgh it stands in Prignitz a Territory in the Marquisate of Brandenburgh upon the River Havel which one Mile lower falls into the Elbe ten Miles from Maegdeburgh to the North and twelve from Berlin to the West The Bishops of this Diocese have imbraced the Augustane Confession ever since 1556. Haverford West a Market Town and Corporation in Pembrokeshire in Wales which elects one Parliament man Haverill
of Edessa at first but afterwards it became the Metropolis it self Seated in the Province of Diarbeck near the River Chabor forty Miles from Edessa sixty from Euphrates to the East The Tartars under Tamberlane treated this City with great Cruelty since that it has been in a declining condition and now not much inhabited It is mentioned several times in the Holy Scriptures upon the account of Abraham's sojourning and burying his Father Terah here before he went into the Land of Canaan Gen. 11. 31. Acts 7. 4. in which last place it is called Charran in Mesopotamia And by Pliny and Ptolemy Charrae It s Long. is 73. 20. Lat. 36. 10. Heresbach a Town in the Diocese of Cleves in Germany Heri Aria a Province in Persia in Asia more commonly called Hera or Herat it has a City and a River of the same Name This River in the later Maps called Pulimoilon riseth out of the Mountains of Cassubi and washing the Walls of this City on all sides it standing in an Island falls into the Lake of Burgian The City is called Ser-heri in Long. 100. 13. and Lat 36. 20. Ninety German Miles West of Candahar one hundred and twenty South-East of the Caspian The Roses of this Province are thought the best in the World The Province of Heri is a part of that of Chorasan which is one of the most rich fertile and populous Provinces in all Persia In the City of Heri are made the best Persian Tapestries on which and other accounts it is much frequented by the Indians who must pass through it in their way to Persia See Olearius his Travels Herit Adramitae a Province in Arabia the happy Herma or Erma a City of Galatia called Germa or Therma by the ancient Geographers and now sometimes Germaste It stands in the Confines of Bithynia and Phrygia upon the River Sagarium Sacrio where it falls into the Casilirnach which falls into the Euxine Sea at Cagani twenty one German Miles East of Scutari This City is placed thirty six German Miles East of Bursia Now an Archbishop's See Long. 60. 10. Lat. 42. 25. Hermanstad Cibinium a City in Transylvania commonly by the Inhabitants called Seben and Zeben by the Italians Cibinio by the Germans Hermanstad The Capital of that Dukedom the Seat of the Prince a great populous strong well-built City seated in a Plain upon the River Cibinium Cibin which a little lower falls into the Aluta The Inhabitants are Saxons it stands fifteen Miles from Clausemberg to the East and eight from Alba Julia. A Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Colocza though there is now no Bishop of it The late Duke of Lorrain of famous Memory in November 1687. put into this place a Garrison of three thousand Imperialists by the agreement of Prince Abafti then Prince of Transylvania to enjoy the same for their Winter Quarters Hermanstein or Erenbreitstein Eremberti lapis a Castle in the Bishoprick of Trier in Germany upon the Rhine near its Confluence with the Moselle standing on a Rock that is on all sides inaccessible which makes it one of the strongest in Germany It sustained a long Siege in the year 1637. and could only at last be taken by Famine Hermanville a place near Calais in France Herndall Herndalia a part of Norway on this side the Mountains of Norway by the Province of Jemplandt on which depends Nomedale Hellegelandt Frostein Inder Heroa and some others which together with it were yielded to the Swedes in 1645. by the Danes Herou Heropolis a City of Egypt near the bottom of the Red Sea ninety miles from Damiata to the South-East about thirty five English Miles from Sues to the West and sixty from the next Shoar of the Mediterranean to the South Mentioned by Pliny and Ptolemy It s Long. 63. 30. Lat. 29. 50. Herstal Heristel or Haristal a Town upon the Maes near Liege in Westphalia adorned heretofore with a magnificent Palace built by Pepin King of France who resided so frequently at it that in the French History he is sirnamed Pepin of Heristel This Palace was afterwards destroyed by the Normans Hersteld a City in the Circle of Westphalia in Germany upon the River Weser belonging to the Bishops of Paderborne since the year 1608. The People of Paderborne conspiring once against their Bishop the Episcopal See was removed from Paderborne hither which was re-established at Paderborne again in 799. Charles the Great also resided here some considerable time Hertford Durocobriva a Town in a County of the same name in the South of England upon the River Lea or Ligean as the Saxons called it which runs through it In 607. here was a Synod Now saith Mr. Cambden it is not very populous yet for its Antiquity it deserves-regard It has given Name to this County and is reputed the Shire-Town It has a Castle built as some think by Edward the Elder enlarged by the Family De Clare to whom it belonged as Earls of Hertford in the times of Henry II. and King Stephen Afterwards it belonged to the Crown Edward III. granted it to John of Gaunt his Son then Earl of Richmond and after Duke of Lancaster Hertfordshire Herfordiae Comitatus Cattieuchlani hath on the North Cambridgeshire on the West Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire on the South Middlesex and on the East Essex it is very fruitful as to Corn and Pasture has plenty of Woods and Groves and for great Towns and Rivers it may vye with most Counties in England considering its bigness This County had first for Earls or Marquesses the Family De Clare who for seven Descents between 1139. and 1314. enjoyed this Title Being extinguished Henry VIII in 1537. created Edward Seymour Viscount Beauchamp Earl of Hertford who afterward in 1551. was made Duke of Sommerset being the fourteenth Earl and seventh of his Family who hath born this amongst other Titles of Honour Hertogenraiad Rodia Ducis a Town in Holland Hertzogthumb in the High Dutch signifies a Dukedom and is frequently used by them So Hertzogthumb Bremen is the Dukedom of Bremen Hertzogthumb Ferden is the Dukedom of Ferden Heruli an ancient People of the Country now called the Dukedom of Meckleburg in the Lower Saxony in Germany towards the Baltick Sea who established themselves in Italy in the fifth Century and were of the number of those Barbarians that formed their States upon the ruin of the Roman Empire Odoacer their King dispossessed Augustulus in the year 476. and having reigned about seventeen years he was slain by Theodorick King of the Ostrogoths The Emperor Justinian granted them Lands to cultivate whereupon they not only gave themselves entirely to him but became Christians and Gethesius their King was baptized in 528. Till this Conversion their Customs were to offer Men in Sacrifices to their Gods to kill the sick and aged to oblige Wives not to survive their Husbands and to indulge themselves in every voluptuousness Hervorden Hervordia a City in VVestphalia in the County of
the Nation on the account of the Haven and the Castle which being Garrisoned keeps the Country quiet and in awe In the time of the Rebellion of the Irish it held out against them and afforded shelter and relief to many thousands which fled to it When Cromwell came up it yielded without a Stroke in 1649. It surrendred to General Schomberg for want of Ammunition August 27. 1689 upon Articles after a Siege of eight or ten Days by Sea and Land King William landed here June 14. 1690 at his coming into Ireland At this day the Trade is going to Belfast a Town eight Miles more to the South upon the same Haven and that has put a stop to the Growth of Knockfergus Knockenhauss a Town in Livonia in Leisland upon the River Duna which belonged heretofore to Poland but is at present under the Swedes it lies sixteen German Miles East from Riga upon the same River Knoctoe that is the Hill of Axes a place in the County of Gallway four Miles from the City of Gallway on the West of Ireland under which the Noble Girald Fitz-Girald Earl of Kildare and by times for the space of thirty three years Lord Deputy of Ireland in 1516 overthrew the greatest Rabble of Rebels that ever was seen together before in Ireland which had been assembled by William Burk Obrian Macnemare and O. Carral Knottesford a Market Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Bucklow Kola a small Town of Lapland which stands upon a River of the same Name and has a Haven upon the White Sea This is under the Dominion of the Russ much frequented by the Ships of England and Holland It lies sixty German Miles South-East from the North Cape ninety five North-West from Archangel in Long. 57. 30. Lat. 68. 30. Koldinguen Coldinga a City of South Jutland which has a Castle called Arensborch and a Haven upon the Baltick Sea over against the Isle of Fiona Here the Horse and Oxen which are driven into Holstein and Germany in vast Numbers pay a Toll to the King of Denmark Christian III. King of Denmark died here in 1559. Kolom Columna a considerable City in the Province of Mosco upon the River Mosco where it falls into that of Aka or Occa sixteen Miles to the East from Mosco It has a delightful appearance by reason of its Towers and Stone Walls which are not usual in Moscovy The Duke has here a Governor or Vaiwod And it is also the See of the only Bishop in this Province Koloswar See Clausenburgh Kom Komum a vast City in Persia in the Province of Hierach in the middle between Hispahan and Casbin Komare Komore Komorra Comaria a very strong and well fortified Town in the Lower Hungary seated on the South point of the Isle of Schut where the Danube reunites into one Stream four German Miles from Raab two from Neuheusel to the South and five from Gran to the North. This Town was first fortified by Matthias Corvinus King of Hungary in 1472. against the Germans in design but for them in effect it having been one of the impregnable Bulwarks of Christendom against the Turks ever since they took Gran in 1542. It is a great populous rich City as well as a strong one By a Line drawn from the Waagh that is the Southern Branch of the Danube to the Northern Branch of the Danube strengthened with four Bastions the Emperor has much inlarged it The Emperor kept here always a great Garrison and a Trusty Governor After the taking of Raab in 1591. Sinan Bassa besieged this Town with sixty Ships and a great number of Turks and Tartars but without any success to the great slaughter of the Tartars especially All his Treachery for he sent five Turks to suborn Baron Brown the then Governor to sell the Town under the shew of a Parly and Valor too were here equally baffled sour of the five Turks having their Heads set upon Spears and the fifth being sent back to the Bassa to let him know there were no more Traytors to be bought The chief strength of it is in a Fort called the Tertise Kongel Congella a City in Norway in the County of Babuis upon the River Trolhet five Miles above its outlet and twelve from Gottenburgh to the North now under the Swedes Koningsberg Mons Regius Regio-mons or Regiomontum a City in Prussia Ducalis whereof it is the Capital under the Elector of Brandenburgh upon the River Pregel Adorned with a Ducal Palace and an University which was sounded by Albert Duke of Prussia in 1544. It is a great and handsome a trading and an Anseatique City Koning-gratz Gradium Reginae Ragino Gradecium a City of Bohemia called also Kralowihrades and Koningsgrats which in 1664. was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Prague by Pope Alexander VII It is seated upon the Elbe twelve Miles from Prague to the East thirty two from Vienna to the North-West in the prefecture of Gradetz Konitz Conitia a Town in Prussia Regia upon the River Bro near the Desart of Waldow in the Confines of the Brandenburgh-Pomerania eight Polish Miles from Culm to the West This Town is called by the Poles Choinicke Koperberg Cuprimontium a Free Town of Sweden which has rich and most useful Mines of Copper from whence it has its Name It stands not far from a Lake in the Province of Gestrick fifty Miles from Gevals a Town in the same Province to the West and a little more from the Botner Sea See Gestrick Kopizath Imaus See Imaus Koppan Campona Copanum a Town in the Lower Hungary upon the Danube mentioned by Antoninus in his Itinerary which is near Buda some suppose it the same with this others Keppel and others Theten two Miles from Buda Korbaten Colapiani the Croates See Croatia They are also called Krabaten by the Germans Kornthaurn Taurus a Mountain of Carinthia between it and Salisburgh mentioned by Tacitus Jornandes Eutropius and Herodian Ortelius saith it is of a vast height and is called Thaurn Kornthaurn Krumlechthaurn and Rhadstratterthaurn Korsoe Corsoa a small City in Denmark on the Western Shoar of the Island of Zealand at which Charles Gustavus first Landed in 1658. It stands upon that Arm of the Baltick Sea which is called Die Belt over against the Island of Fionia and the City of Newborg two English Miles West of Skelsor and has a Castle belonging to it Korsum Korsuma a Town in the Palatinate of Kâ—ovia upon the River Rosse built in 1581. by K. Stephen and memorable for a great Victory obtained over the Poles by the Cossacks in 1648. It stands five Polish Miles from Czyrkassy to the West Kotting Cotuantii an ancient People amongst the Grisons the same perhaps with the Gotthouspunt Kouuno Couuna a City in Poland in the Dukedom of Lithuania upon the River Chronus or Niemen where it receives the Vil in the Confines of Samogitia eighteen Polish Miles from Vilna to the West fourteen from Troki in which Palatinate it
Brandenburg upon the River Warta twenty Miles from Frisingen to the East and thirty from Ratisbon to the South It is well fortified and has a Castle seated on or near a Hill Landskroon Stephanopolis Corona a small City but very strongly fortified belonging to the Crown of Sweden seated in the Province of Scania upon the North side of the Sound or entrance into the Baltick Sea It belonged to the Danes till 1658. when by Treaty it was yielded to the Swedes It stands eighteen German Miles from Koppenhagen to the North-East and a little more from Malmoe to the North. Built by Erick the Pomeranean King of Denmark in 1413. before which time it was called Sundre Soeby Near this place Christian V. King of Denmark received a great defeat from Charles X. King of Sweden July 24. 1677. The Danes took it from the Swedes in 1676 and restored it to them again in 1679. Landsperg Lansperga a Town in Germany in the New Marquisate of Brandenburg upon the River Water six Miles from Custrin to the East and thirteen from Stetin to the South in the Confines of Poland Often taken and retaken in the Swedish War Landsperk a Town in Germany in the Dukedom of Bavaria built on a Hill by the River Leeh Licus which parts Schwaben from Bavaria and falls a little beneath Auspurg into the Danube above which last place this Town stands five German Miles to the South Landspurg Segestica a City of Sclavonia the same with Zigea Landt van Endracht a part of the Southern Continent which was accidentally discovered by the Hollanders in a Voyage to the Molucho Islands in 1618. called also Concordiae Regio Land van Pieter Nuitz another part of the same Continent found in 1625. by a Dutchman It is a great Country of a vast extent from North to South and is a part of New Holland but only viewed by the Dutch as yet Langhac Langhâ—acum a small City in Auvergne seated in a Plain surrounded almost on all sides by Mountains near the River Allier over which it has a Bridge three Leagues from Fleury to the East and fifteen from Clermont to the South Langhe Langa a small Province in Italy on the South of Piedmont and the Dukedom of Montferrat between the Apennine and the Rivers of Tanaro Vrba and Stura extending also to the Confines of the State of Genoua the City of Alba is the Capital of it This is a fruitful and well peopled Territory Lang-landt an Island belonging to Denmark in the Baltick Sea between the Isles of Fionia Zeland and Haland seven German Miles in length and two in breadth it has sixteen Villages and a strong Castle and from its form is called the Long-Land Langley Abbey a Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Cashio not far from Watford Remarkable for being the Birth-place of Pope Adrian IV. who was sometime surnamed Breakspear Lango Cos Coos an Island in the Archipelago called Stinco by the Greeks and Stanco by the Sailors so that this name begins to prevail It lies not above twenty Miles from the Shoars of Asia of a great length and about seventy Miles in Circuit the principal Town in it is Lango which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Rhodes This Island was the native place of Apelles the Painter and Hippocrates the great and most ancient Physcian It was under the Knights of S. John of Jerusalem now of Malta but conquered by the Turks from them under whom it now is Our Sandys who saw it saith it is a delicate Country to behold lying for the most part level only towards the East it is not unprofitably Mountainous from whence fall many Springs which water the Plains below and make them extraordinarily fruitful where grow those Wines valued in all times Cypress Trees and Turpentine with divers other Plants delightful as well as profitable In ancient times it was much regarded on the account of a Temple of Aesculapius to whom this Island was consecrated in which those who recovered out of any Disease Registred their Cures and the Medicines by which they recovered which Hippocrates abridged and recommended to Posterity Langport a Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Pitney upon a Hill near the River Parret in a Moorish Country Langres Andromatunum Lingones Andromadunum Lingonum an ancient great strong and rich City of France in the Province of Champagne near the Fountains of the Marne one of the principal Rivers of France six Miles from the Borders of the Dukedom of Burgundy twenty two from Troyes to the South-East sixteen from Dijon to the North and thirty from Monthelyard to the West This is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Lions the Bishop is always one of the twelve Peers of France and a Duke Near this City Constantine the Great twice overcame the Germans in one of which Battels that Prince slew 60000 of them The Vandals in the beginning of the fourth Century committed great spoils here Within the Diocese there are six hundred Parishes contained and the Territory of Langres giving source to five or six Rivers is thought to stand the highest of any in the Kingdom Divers French Synods have been assembled at it Lang See Verbanus Lacus a Lake in the Duchy of Milan called by the Italians il Lago Magiore and by the Germans Langsée It is extended from North to South 36 Italian Miles in breadth five It lies thirty six Miles from Milan to the North-West and twenty five from Como to the West and is one of the most considerable Lakes in Italy Langis Aturus See Dour Languedoc Volcae Septumani Occitania a Province in France of very large bounds and extent It is the Western part of that which the Romans called Gallia Narbonensis afterwards it was called Gallia Gothica and then the Earldom of Tolouse Bounded on the East by the Rhosne which divides it from Dauphiné and Provence on the South by the County of Rousillon and the Mediterranean Sea on the West it is separated from Gascogne by the Garonne and on the North it has Quercy Rovergne Auvergne and le Forez There are in this Province twenty two Dioceses the principal City in it is Tolouse which is the Seat of the Parliament of this Generality This is also one of the most Populous Rich Fruitful and Pleasant Provinces in France Divided into the Upper and Lower Languedoc to the East and West and watered by the Rivers Rhosne Eraut Vistre Tarn c. The Goths establish'd a Kingdom here in the fifth Century from whom some derive its name as Languedoc quasi Landt-Goth making Tolouse the Capital of the same which they afterwards extended as far as to the River Loyre In 778. Charles the Great granted this Province to the Earls of Tolouse from whom in 1361. K. John finally taking it united it to the Crown of France Lauschet a City of Poland See Lencicia Lantaine Lantana a River in the Earldom of Burgundy which falls into the Saone between Falcougney
Lewis VIII King of France which was afterward in 1267. set right by a Treaty when Lewis IX in consideration of a Marriage surrendered all his Right and Title as Son of the said Blanch to Alphonsus V. King of Leon and Castile Peter de la Marca Archbishop of Paris in his History of Bearn saith this Kingdom did not begin so early as the Spaniards pretend and endeavours to prove it But this is no place for Controversies Leon Leondoul Leona a City in Britagne in France on the North Shoar of that Province thirty three Leagues from Rennes to the West ten from Treguier and eleven from Brest to the North. This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toures one S. Paul being its most ancient Bishop about the year 600 the City is often called S. Paul de Leon from him it is the Capital of the Territory of Leonnois well fortified and has also a Castle and a safe Harbour upon the British Sea Heretofore the Seat of the Dukes of Britagne and the Country of the ancient Osismi or Osismii mentioned by Caesar whence its Latin Name besides Leona and Leonum is Civitas Osismorum § There is mention made of another Leon in Cappadocia in the Lesser Asia otherwise called Vatiza and thought to be the Polemenium of the Ancients S. Leonard a Town in Limosin in France and another in Nivergne Lepanto Naupactus Aetolia a Sea-Port in Achaia now Livadia called by the Turks Enebchti is seated in that part of Greece which the Ancients called Aetolia twelve Miles from Patras the Italians gave it the name of Lepanto it is seated not far from the entrance of the Western Bay of Corinth heretofore so called but now from this place the Gulph of Lepanto The City is built on the South side of a towering Mountain formed like a Cone on the top of which is a strong Castle surrounded with four strong Walls set at some distance one above another between which the Inhabitants have their Houses The Port is very handsom and beautiful and may be secured by a Chain the Mouth of it is so streight it will hold but a few Ships and those cannot go out and in at any time for want of Water It is seated in a pleasant Country filled with delightful Gardens yielding some of the best Wine in Greece and has on the East side a a fine River which serves their Mills then their Gardens and afterward all the City and Seamen The Turks have six or seven Mosques in it the Greeks two Churches and the Jews three Synagogues In 1408. it was under the Emperor of Greece but being too remote as things then stood for him to secure it Emanuel the Emperor assigned it to the Venetians who took care to fortifie it as it is now In 1475. Mahomet the Great the same that took Constantinople having gained Corinth besieged it with an Army of thirty thousand Men and after four Months spent before it was forced to retire with with shame and loss The Turks having found by this costly experiment the strength of this important place in 1499. made use of another method besides a victorious Army and a potent Fleet to terrifie them he imployed Bribes corrupted Hiâ—ronimo Tropo the Venetian Governour and by a Treachery altogether unworthy of Bajazet II. who was here in person possessed himself of it In 1571. Octob. 7. in the Gulph of Lepanto from five a Clock in the morning till night was fought the most bloody Sea Battel betwixt the Christian and the Ottoman Fleets that ever besel the Turks since the beginning of their Empire There in the same Gulph where the Emperor Augustus overthrew Marc Anthony The Christians lost eight thousand Men. Of the Turks five thousand were taken prisoners and about thirty thousand slain with Hali Bassaw their Admiral Of the Turkish Gallies one hundred and thirty were taken and above ninety others sunk burnt and destroyed The Generalissimo on the Christians side was Don John of Austria a Natural Brother to Philip II. King of Spain accompanied with the Flower of the Italian Nobility At the same time nigh twenty thousand Christian Slaves recovered their Liberty In 1687. the Venetians having in the three preceding years almost beat the Turks out of the rest of the Morea and resolved to begin this Campagne with the Siege of Patras their General Morosini Landed in the Morea near Patras on July 22. notwithstanding all the opposition of the Serasquier the 24. he fought and defeated the Serasquier and having thereupon taken in Patras and the Dardanell Castle on that side so called in imitation of those of the Hellespont he crossed to the other to Lepanto and found the Turks making all the haste they could to empty the Place for him whereupon he entred and took Possession of it for that Republick without striking one blow Thus was this important Place lost as basely as it was gained and the Cowardize of this Age has revenged the Treachery of the former It had in it one hundred and twenty Brass Canon And it is an Archiepiscopal City tho the Archbishop has used to reside at Larta The Gulph of Lepanto is formed by the shooting forth of two Promontories into the Ionian Sea from the Morea and Achaia called Capo Antirio and Capo Rione The first of which has the Castle of Patras the other the Castle of Romelia for its defence Leprus Pariedrus a huge Mountain of a vast height out of which Araxes and Euphrates spring Lera Igmanus Sigmanus a River of Aquitain in France more commonly called La Leyre which falls into the small Bay of Buch eight Miles from Bourdeaux to the South-West and the same distance from the Mouth of the Guaronne to the South Leresse See the Nieper Lergue Larga a River in Gallia Narbonensis Hoffman Lericee a small Town upon the Coasts of the Republick of Genoua in Italy at the Foot of the Rocks looking to the Sea It is taken to be the Portus Erycis of Ptolemy and Antoninus A frequented place for Embarkations four or five Miles from Sarzana and East of Sestri de Levante There is a Gulph by it separated by a Neck of Land from the Gulph of Spezza or Speccia Lerida Ilerda a City of Catalonia in Spain which in the Roman times was the Capital of that part of Spain they called Tarraconensis It is now called Leyda by the Inhabitants and Lerida by the Spaniards a strong place built upon a rising ground but declining to the River Segre Taken from the Moors in 1143. and made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona In 1300. here was an University opened at which Pope Calixtus III. took his Degree of Doctor of the Laws yet it never acquired any great Fame or Repute of later times it has suffered much from the French who have made many Attempts upon it But in 1646. in one of their Attacks they were beaten off and lost all their Cannon here This City lies twenty four Spanish
Miles from Saragoza to the East seven from the Ebro North and twenty nine from Barcelona to the West Julius Caesar overcame Afranius and Petreius Pompey's Friends here In the year 514. under the Reign of Theodorick King of the Ostrogoths a Council was celebrated at the same place Long. 21. 31. Lat. 42. 20. Les Lerines two Islands of the Mediterranean Sea upon the Coast of Provence at a small distance from each other Now called severally S. Honore de Lerin and Margarita See those Words In Ptolemy and Strabo their Names are Planasia and Lero In Pliny and Antoninus Lero and Lerina Hither say Tacitus and Suetonius the Emperor Augustus banished Agrippa They are commended for Temperature and Fertility The Saracens of Fraxinetum in the seventh Century much infested them In 1635. the Spaniards surprized but were obliged to quit them the year after To which add that the Monastery of S. Honore founded in 375 by Honorius Archbishop of Arles has been reckoned to produce twelve Archbishops twelve Bishops ten Abbats four Monks all Confessors and one hundred and five Martyrs It belongs to the Order of S. Benedict Lerma a small Town in Old Castile upon the River Arlanzon six Leagues from Occa to the South and twelve from Pincia to the East which is born by the Title of a Dukedom by one of the greatest Families in Spain Some write it Larema Leros an Island in the Archipelago adorn'd with an Episcopal City of the same Name and driving a considerable Trade with Aloes Lers Lertius is the Name of two Rivers in Languedoc in France the great Lers riseth in the higher Languedoc and watereth Mirepoix then falls into the Ariege and with it soon after into the Garonne 2. The little Leers ariseth in the same Province and falls into the Garonne a little beneath Tolose Les or Lez Telis Ledus a River which ariseth in Languedoc three Leagues above Montpellier and a little beneath the Castle of Latte about four Miles from the Mediterranean Sea falls into the Fens of Magulone Lesdos See Metelin Lescar Lascura Beneharnum Benarnensium Vrbs Bearnensium Civitas Bernanus a City in the Principality of Bearn upon the River Le Gave de Pau one League from Pau to the East seventeen from Baionne and five from Olerone to the East It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aux and was built in the year 1000. upon the Ruins of the City Bearn which was ruined by the Normans in 845. The Huguenots in 1569. much endamaged this City In the Cathedral the Kings of Navarre lie entombed but their Tombs also were defaced in the Civil Wars of France Lesche Laetia a small River in the Diocese of Liege which falls into the Maes a little above Dinant Lesina Pharia an Island on the Coast of Dalmatia under the Venetians thirteen German Miles long and almost three in breadth seated about four from Spalato to the South-West having a Town of the same Name in the North-East part of the Island which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Spalato The Sclavonians call this Isle Huar Mr. Wheeler in his Travels pag. 24. saith it is very high Rocky and Mountainous and by computation one hundred Miles in compass It has a good Haven at the South End the Town whereof is called by the Name of the Isle this represents a Theatre the Figure of which he gives us It appears very beautiful to those that enter the Port being built in several degrees one above another according to the rising of the ground having a Cittadel on the top of a steep Rock backed with exceeding high Mountains and lying open to the South but the Harbour is secured by the Rocks against it c. It is deep enough for Ships of any Rate and Bread and Wine are cheap Their chiefest Trade is the Fishing of Sardelli which are like Anchovies over against it lies Lissa a small Island Spalato saith he lies from this Town thirty Miles to the North and Lissa the same distance to the South § Also a City of the Capitinata in the Kingdom of Naples near a Lake of its own Name a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento Leskeard or Liskerd a Corporation in the County of Cornwall in the West Hundred which has the Election of two Burgesses for the House of Commons Lesnow Lesnovia a small Town in Wolhinia in Poland fifteen Miles South of Lucka or Luceoria where John Cassimir King of Poland in 1651. defeated the Cossacks and Tartars and slew twenty thousand of them Lessines or Lessen Lessina a small City in Hainault upon the River Dender Tenera in the Confines of Flanders five Leagues from Brussels to the West Lesteiocori Lechaeum the Haven of Corinth upon the Gulph of Lepanto Lestoft or Laystoff a Market Town in the County of Suffolk in he Hundred of Lothingland the most Northern Sea-Town of this County It drives a Trade of Fishing for Cod in the North Sea and upon its own Coasts for Herrings Lestwithiel or Listhiel a Market Town and Corporation in the County of Cornwal in the Hundred of Powder which has the Honour of electing two Burgesses for the Parliament Letchlade a Market Town in Glocestershire in the Hundred of Brittles-barrow Lethe and Lethes the ancient Name of the River Guadalete in Spain Of Fiume di Mangresia as the Italians call it in Lydia in the Lesser Asia Of two others in Macedonia and Candia And in the Fictions of the Poets Lethe makes one of the Rivers of Hell wherein the pleasures of the World are forgotten Letines Lestines or Liptines Liptinae sive Lestinae an ancient Palace Royal near Binche in Hainault in the Diocese of Cambray There was a Council assembled here in 743. in the Reign of Charlemaigne who had a part of the church-Church-Lands by a Sentence thereof granted to him to support his Wars Letrim a County of the Province of Conaught in Ireland between the County of Slego to the North Roscomon to the West Longford to the South and Cavan to the East It takes its Name from the Castle of Letrim on the West side of this County there is besides it no place of any Note This County is full of Hills which afford plenty of Grass and from thence abounds with Cattle above belief Lettaw the same with Garnsey Letten or Leitland Litlandia a considerable part of Livonia the Western part of which which is the greatest is under the King of Sweden and the Eastern under the Duke of Moscovy The principal City is Riga on the North it hast Easthonia on the West the Bay of Riga on the South Semigallia parted from it by the River Dwina and on the East the Dominions of the Duke of Moscovy Lettere Letteranum a small City which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Amalsi in the Kingdom of Naples seated in the Hither Principate upon a Hill about three Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea and the same from the Confines of the Terra di
to the West and sixteen from Magdeburg to the South It has a Castle called Pleisenburg and an University opened here by Frederick Marquess of Misnia in 1409. Upon the Banishment of the followers of Jerome of Prague from that City four thousand Students retiring to this In 1520. Luther disputed here with Eckius against the Popes Supremacy soon after which they embraced the Reformation In 1547. this City which then belonged to Maurice Duke of Saxony was besieged by John the Elector of that House in the Month of January Maurice tho a Protestant having joined with the Emperour against the rest of the Augustane Princes who had taken Arms for the defence of their Religion and Liberty against Charles V. And although the City was not then taken yet it was much defaced by the Battery and its Suburbs burnt In 1630. Gustavus Adolphus gave the Forces of Ferdinand II. a great defeat near this place In 1642. the Swedes defeated the Forces of Ferdinand III. under the Arch-Duke Leopold and Piccolomineo and thereupon the City was forced to yield it self to the Victorious Swedes It is not great but rich by reason of its Mart twice every year and the great concourse of Students to this University Leyte Leyta Lutis a River of Austria which washing the Town Prurck adder Leyta in the Lower Austria at Altemburg falls into the Danube three Hungarian Miles from Presburg to the South and six from Javarin Lez Ledum Liria a River of Languedoc it ariseth three Miles above Montpellier and a little beneath falls by the Lake of Maguelone into the Mediterranean Sea See Les. Lhon See Lippe Lhundain the Welsh Name of London Lhydaw the Name of Bretagne a Province in France in some of the Writers of the middle Ages Liacura Parnassus a Mountain in Greece in Achaia Liamone Pitanus or Ticarius a River in the Isle of Corsica Liampo the most Easternly Cape of all the Continent of China in the East-Indies taking its Name from a Town so called in the Province of Chechiara Lianne Liana Elna a small River in Picardy in France which ariseth in the Confines of Artois and flowing through the County of Bologne by the Capital City of it falls into the British Sea Liasto Liguidon a Sea-Port on the East of Sardinia an Island in the Mediterranean Sea Libano Libanus the greatest and best known Mountain in Syria which alone produceth the Cedar Tree in that Country It beginneth between the Confines of Arabia and Damascus and ends at the Mediterranian Sea near Tripoli having run from East to West one hundred and twenty five Miles It is the oftenest mentioned of any Mountain in the Sacred Scriptures exceeding high and very far spread fruitful and pleasant and was the Northern Boundary of the Holy Land and Mother of the River Jordan Now inhabited by divers Towns and some Cities amongst which is the Seat of the Residence of the Patriarch of the Maronites The Rivers Rochan Nahar-Rossens and Nahar-Cardicha spring from it The Northern part is said to be continually covered with Snow It hath Palestine to the South Mesopotamia to the East and Armenia to the North with one foot in Phoenicia another in Syria and the Mediterranean to the West Opposite to it stands a Mountain called Antilibanus separated only by a Valley See Antilibanus Libaw Liba a Town in the Dukedom of Curland in the Kingdom of Poland which has an Haven on the Baltick Sea in the Confines of Samogitia eighteen German Miles from Memel in Prussia and twenty five from Mittaw the Capital of Semigallia to the West This Town was often taken and retaken in the late Wars between the Swedes and Poles at last by the Treaty of Olive-Kloster in 1660. it was restored to the Duke of Curland Liburnia a Branch of the ancient Illyricum now thrown partly into Croatia and partly into Dalmatia It s principal City was Scardona now Scardo in Dalmatia The Lopsi were some of its ancient people to whom is owing the invention of light Frigats thence called Naves Liburnicae Libya is so considerable a part of Africa in the old Geographies that the Greeks called all Africa Lybia It stood divided into the Exterior and Interior The former lay along the Mediterranean betwixt Egypt and Marmorica or from Egypt South according to others along the left Bank of the Nile as far as to Aethiopia in which space the Desart of Elfocat and the Kingdom and Desart of Gaoga now are contained The other ran from the Mountain Atlas to the River Niger containing the now vast Desart of Zaara And this latter is Libya properly so called Which together with Libya Marmorica now Barca and Libya Cyrenaica makes up a second division that we find in Writers of Libya Lichfield Lichfeldia a City which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Canterbury seated in the County of Stafford twenty four English Miles from Leicester to the West ten from Stafford to the North-East and sixteen from Coventry to the North-West It is a low seated beautiful and large City divided into two parts by a clear Brook which is crossed by Causeys with Sluces in them for the Passage of the Water That part which lies on the South Side of this Water is the greater by far and divided into several Streets and the North Part though less has the Cathedral Church the Close incompassed with a strong Wall in which are the Prebends Houses and the Bishops Palace This has been a Bishops See very long for in the year of our Lord 606. Oswius King of Northumberland having conquered the then Pagan Mercians instituted a Bishoprick and settled Dwina as Bishop here to instruct them in the Christian Faith his Successors were in such esteem with the following Kings of Mercia that they did not only obtain large Possessions for the maintaining the Dignity of this See but were also reputed the Primates of Mercia and Archbishops Ladulph one of them had a Pall sent him as such upon the Golden Solicitations of Offa King of the Mercians about 779. Which Dignity lasted not long for it died with this King and Archbishop Ladulph A Synod held in 1075. ordaining that the Bishops Sees for the future should be settled in the greatest Cities Peter Bishop of Lichfield removed this to Chester Robert Lindsey another of them removed it to Coventry Roger Clinton a third Bishop but the thirty seventh in Succession in 1148. began the beautiful Cathedral here which he dedicated to the Blessed Virgin and S. Chad and rebuilt the Castle which is now intirely ruined The Ciose in the old Rebellion was garrisoned for the King But the Lord Brook a zealous Parliamentarian coming before it March 2. 1642. though the General was slain and so paid dear for his Disloyalty yet the place was taken by that Party The twenty second of that Month the King's Forces returned and besieged it the second time and April 8. after a Defeat of three thousand that came to the Relief of
had heretofore Kings of its own till the Portugueze expelled them But of late the Natives have expelled the Portugueze Matane a Country in Africa East of the Island of Madagascar where the French have some time since established Colonies Matapan Taenarus the most Southern Cape of all Europe in the Morea provided with two good Ports betwixt which the Turks in 1570. built a Fortress to bridle the Mainotes called Castro di Maini But the Venetians soon after destroyed it to favour the Mainotes with their Liberty again Mataya a Province towards the River of Amazons in South America betwixt the Mouth of the Rivers Madera and Tapaysa where they both fall into the River of Amazons Matayone a Dutchy in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples supposed to be the Magdalonum or the Meta Leonis of the Ancients Matera Mateola a City in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples in the Borders of the Basilicate and of the Territory of Bari upon the River Canapro seated in a Valley surrounded on all sides with Mountains This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari and now in a very good state it stands thirty six Miles from Taranto to the North-West and twenty five from Bari to the South-West Long. 40. 45. Lat. 40. 42. Materan or Materaw Materanum a great City on the South Side of the Isle of Iava in the East-Indies one hundred Leagues from Bantam to the East The Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name of great extent from East to West And once the Capital City of the whole Island of Iava Long. 135. 40. Southern Lat. 8. 20. Matharee or Matheree a sweet and delicious Seat two Leagues from Cairo in Aegypt concerning which the Cophtite Christians entertain a Tradition that the Blessed Virgin with the young Child reposed for some time there in their flight from Herod into this Kingdom Matin Mathis a River of Macedonia which falls into the Gulph of Venice near Durazzo Matique Matica a Province in Florida towards the Apalatean Hills Matâ—agia Messene a very ancient but ruined City in the Morea on the Southern Shoar towards the West Matzuma a Country in the Land of Jesso lately discovered by the Hollanders between Japan and Tartary which has a City of the same name See Jesso Maudre Modre Maldra a small River in the Isle of France which ariseth near Montfort and falls into the Seyne at Mayenne Maulcon a Town in Biscay Mauleon de Soule Malleo Mauleosolium a Town in the Pais des Basques in France The Capital of the Viscounty of Soule Mauli a River in Sicily See il fiume di Ragusa Mauâ—ve See Mauve Mauren-Haer Sogdiana a Province on the North-East of Persia Mauriac Mauriacum a Mountain in Auvergne Maurice Mauritia a City in Brasil in Pernambuck built by John Maurice Prince of Nassaw in 1644. The Capital of the Dutch Plantations in those Countries afterwards taken by the Portuguese This City stands upon the River Biberibi a little above its Mouth two Spanish Leagues from Olinda to the South and has a safe Port near Reciff It was called by the Dutch Mauritzstadt Maurienne a Valley or Province of Savoy extended from the Alpes to the River Isere on the one side and from la Tarantaise to Dauphine on the other It s Capital City is S. Jean de Maurienne an Episcopal See upon the River Arche This Valley has been honoured with the Title of an Earldom above six Ages since and some are of opinion that it anciently was the Seat of the Brannovices mentioned by Caesar Mauritania an ancient large Region of Africa which now lies contained within the Western part of Barbary They divided it into Caesariensis Tingitana and Sitifensis Mauritania Caesariensis had Getulia to the South the Mediterranean Sea to the North Tingitana to the West and Sitifensis to the East and is now almost wholly included in the West of the Kingdom of Algiers Mauritania Tingitania was bounded on all sides by the Atlantick and Mediterranean Oceans together with Caesariensis and Getulia And in the time of the Emperour Constantine was called by the Spaniards Mauritania Transfretana The name of Tingitana came from the City Tingi now Tangier Mauritania Sitifensis had for its bounds Numidia to the East Caesariensis to the West the Mediterranean to the North and Gaetulia to the South And the Eastern part of the present Kingdom of Algiers stands in this Mauritania Mauritz-Mylandt Cygnea an Island in the Aethiopian Sea upon the Coast of Africa called Docerne by the Portuguese who first discovered it See Isle Maurice Long. 80. Lat 20. South Mauritzlandt a part of America Magellanica in the Land of Fire on the South of the Streights of Magellan most extended to the East of those Streights and first discovered by the Hollanders in 1616. It had this name from the Prince of Orange who occasioned the Discovery Maurothalassa the Euxine Sea Maurum Taurus a Mountain in Asia Mauve Malva a small River in the Dukedom of Orleance which falls into the Loyre at Mehun four Leagues beneath Orleans to the West Baudrand writes Mauâ—ve St Maws a Borough and Market Town in the County of Cornwal in the Hundred of Powder returning two Members to the House of Commons Maxi Loryma or Laryma a City of Caria in the Lesser Asia over against the Isle of Rhodes which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Rhodes from whence it stands twenty Miles to the North. Mayence See Mentz Mayenne Meduana a fine City in the Province of Maine upon the River Mayne six Leagues from the Borders of Normandy towards Anjou twenty Miles from Angiers to the North the same distance from Dol in Bretagne to the East and from Rennes to the North-East This City is honoured with the Title of a Dukedom Mayn Meyn Moenus a River of Germany which ariseth from a double Spring in Mount Fichtelburg called Meiss-Mayn White Mayne and Rot-Mayn Red Mayn which two uniting in one Stream at Culembach and flowing Westward near Bamberg it receives the Rednitz Wareres Swinefurt Wurtsburg and Vertheim then cutting Franconia into two parts it passeth by Asburg and Franckfort augmented with the Saal Tauber and some smaller Rivers into the Rhine near but above Mentz Gustavus Adolphus laid a Bridge of Boats over this River which has not been-since continued See Mentz La Mayne Mayenne or Majene Meduana a River of France which ariseth in the Territory of Seez in the Borders of Normandy and flowing South through Maine watereth the City of Mayenne La Val the Castle of Gontier where it entereth Anjou and a little above Angiers being augmented with the Sartre and the Loir it falls into the great Loire above Nants twelve Leagues to the East Mayo Maii Insula an Island on the Coast of Africa in the Atlantick Ocean one of those that belongs to Cape Verde and famous for its Salt Works It is under the Portuguese Long. 366. 4. Lat. 50. 00. North. Mayo
subordination to it but now much diminished having been often ruinated by the Kings of Arracam Tungking and Siam Nevertheless a fertile Country much visited by the Merchants of Europe In the Year 1568. the King of Pegu knowing the King of Siam to have two white Elephants desired by his Embassadors to purchase one of them at any price required but was refused He therefore entereth in revenge into Siam with a powerful Army and takes the Capital City so that the King of Siam fearing to fall into the hands of his Enemy poysoned himself from which time the Kings of Siam have acknowledged the Soveraignty of the Kings of Pegu. This Kingdom belongs now to the King of Ava The frontiers both of Siam and it suffer the greatest misery by the continual Wars betwixt the two Crowns it lies between the Kingdom of Tungking to the East and that of Arracam to the West Pein Peina a Town in Lunenburg famous for a Fight between Albert Duke of Brandenburg and Mauricius Duke of Saxony July 9. 1553. Maurice got the Victory but died within two days of the Wounds he received Albert being driven out of Germany died in 1557. in France in the XXXV year of his Age having lived much longer than was consistent with his Inconstancy and Perfidy saith Brietius This Town is seated upon the Weser Peiseda reca Peisida a River in the Asian Tartary East of the River Ob whose Fountains are not known as arising in desolate and unfrequented Countries it falls into the Frozen Sea above Nova Zembla Peking Pechinum the principal Province in the Kingdom of China Bounded on the East by Leaotum and Xantum on the North by Tartary and the great Wall on the West by Xansi and on the South by Honan The principal City is Peking Pechinum A vast and populous City which in 1404. became the Royal City of China instead of Nanquin The Inhabitants are innumerable though it has been often taken and plundered in the late Tartarian War It is now recovering those losses and ruins under the King of Tartary who is become the Master of it The Province of Peking contains eight Capital Cities one hundred and thirty five lesser Cities four hundred and eighteen thousand nine hundred eighty nine Families Petlecas Aliacmon Haliacmon a River in Macedonia which falls into the Bay of Thessalonica over against Thessalonia to the South-West thirty three English Miles Called Platamona Bistrisa and Aliagmo from Aliagmon the name it bears in Claudian Pelion See Petras Pella an ancient City of Palaestine in Asia sometime dignified with a Bishops See under the Patriarchs of Jerusalem who for many years kept their Residence here § A second in the Kingdom of Macedonia made famous by the Births of Philip King of Macedon and Alexander the Great his Son thence surnamed Pellaeus Some call it now Janizza others Zuchria It being hitherto extant and noted for excellent Works in Marble § The Ancients mention a third in Achaia Peloponnesus the ancient name of the Morea then divided into these eight parts Achaia properly so called Arcadia Argos Corinthus Elis Laconia Messene and Sicyonia See Morea The famous Peloponnesian War which lasted from the Year of Rome 323 in the 87th Olympiad to the taking of Athens in the Year 350 rather chose to be named from the People of this Country who maintain'd it against the Athenians than from the Athenians their Enemies Pelorus Pelorias or Pelorum the same with Capo di Faro Pelusium See Belvais Pelysz Pelysia a Town in the Lower Hungary which is the Capital of a County of the same Name It lies fifteen Miles from Vaccia to the South-West twenty six from Alba Regalis and twenty from Buda to the North-East Pembridge a Market Town in Herefordshire in the Hundred of Stretford upon the River Arrow Penbrokeshire Penbrochium one of the Shires in Wales Bounded on the North by Cardigan separated by the Rivers Tyuy and Keach on the East by Caermarthenshire on the South and West by the Irish Sea From North to South it is twenty six Miles from East to West twenty in Circuit ninety five This County affords Corn and Cattle in great plenty and has a mild and pleasant Air. Penbroke the Town which gives Name to this Shire is one direct Street upon a long narrow Point of a Rock in Milford Haven the Sea every Tide flowing up to the Town-Walls It has a Castle though now ruined and two Parish Churches within the Walls and is a Corporation represented in Parliament by one Burgess The first Earl of Pembroke was Gilbert de Clare Created in 1138. In 1201. it came into the Family of Martial by Marriage this Family enjoyed it six Descents and by Females it continued till the Year 1390. After which it became very unsteady till Edward VI. in 1551. Created William Herbert Lord Steward Earl of Pembroke whose Posterity still enjoy that Honour in the seventh Descent Pendennis a strong Castle in Cornwal Pene Suevus one of the Branches of the Oder in Pomerania Peneus a River in the Province of Thessalia in Macedonia which greatned with the Rivers Ion Pattisus and Apidanus passes betwixt the Mountains Ossa and Olympus to surrender it self into the Bay of Thessalonica having first watered the pleasant Fields of Tempe It is now called Salampria The Fiction of the Metamorphosis of Daphne into a Laurel in this River gives it a place in the Writings of the Poets Pengeab the same with Lahor a City in the East-Indies Pengick Penica a City in Misnia upon the River Muldaw between Altemburg to the West and Chemnitz to the East seven German Miles and the same distance from Leipsick to the South Peniel or Penuel an antient City of the Holy Land in the Tribe of Reuben beyond the Brook of Jabbov at the foot of Mount Libanus near Tripoli and upon the Frontiers of the Amorites So called from Jacob's Vision of an Angel wrestling with him according to his own Interpretation thereof that he had seen God face to face Gen. 32. 30. Gideon broke down the Tower and slew the Men of this City because they refused to give his Army Bread Judg. 8. 8. 17. But Jeroboam rebuilt it Penk a River in Staffordshire near to which stands Penkridge a Market Town in the Hundred of Cudleston of good Antiquity Penna or Civita di Penna Penna S. Joannis Pinna in Vestinis a City in Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishop's See over which there is no Archbishop who has any Jurisdiction This is very frequent in Italy In 1585. a Synod was assembled here Penna-Fiel Penna fidelis a Town in Old Castile in Spain near the Duero six Leagues from Valadolid It had the honor to give the Title of Duke to Ferdinand the Just King of Arragon from the year 1395. to 1412 before his Ascension to the Crown which Title afterwards was enjoyed by his Son John who succeeding to the Crown also in 1458. changed this Dutchy into a
the Bishop of Elna settled his See here It stands not above three Miles from the Mediterranean Sea and ten from Narbon to the South Peter King of Arragon opened here an University The Antipope Peter de la Luna called Benedict XII celebrated a Council at this City in 1408. Persepolis a noble City of the antient Kingdom of Persia built upon the River Rhogomane as Ptolomy calls it in 91. deg of Long. or the Araxes as Strabo and Curtius It had been the Capital of the Kingdom adorned with a Palace of Cedar till taken by Alexander the Great and at the Perswasion of Thais the Alexandrian Courtesan burnt in the year of the World 3624. Persia Persis one of the most Ancient Great and Celebrated Kingdoms of Asia called by the Inhabitants Farsistan and otherwise the Empire of the Sophy At this day it is bounded on the North by the Caspian Sea and Mauralnahalria or Trans-Oxiana on the East by India Propria or the Empire of the Great Mogul on the South by the Indian Ocean and the Persian Gulph on the West by Arabia Deserta the Turkish Empire and Georgia so that it extends from the River Indus in the East to the Tygris in the West that is from 82. degrees of Longitude to 120 which is thirty eight degrees and from 23 to 43 degrees of Latitude The Earth in so vast an extent being very different but the Air pure and healthful throughout This vast Kingdom is divided into these Provinces Fars or Persia properly so called Kirman Makeran Send Chustusan Sitsistan Sablistan Dilemon Khoemus Tabarestan Gordian Chorasan Erack-Atzem or Jerack Agemy Kylan or Gilan Candahar Schirvan and Aderbeitzan The Cities are Ardevil Caspin Cassian Com Erivan Herat Hispaham Lar Mexat Schiras Sitsistan Schamachie Sauster and Tauris It did anciently comprehend the Countries of Media Hyrcania Margiana Assyria in part Susiana Parthia Aria Paropanisus Chaldaea Caramania Drangiana Persia properly so called Arachosia and Gedrosia which were most of them powerful Kingdoms This People were at first subject to the Assyrians and Medes In the year of the World 3406. Cyrus vanquishing Astyages King of the Medes made Persia the Seat of the General Empire which continued in this Nation till it was transferred to the Grecians by Alexander the Great in the year 3635. In the year of the World 3718. Arsaces the Founder of the Parthian Family assumed the Royal Diadem which in time expelled the Greeks and obtained the Kingdom of Persia This Family continued four hundred and seventy years succeeded by Artaxerxes a Persian whose Line after twenty eight Descents ended in Hormisda vanquished by Haumar the Saracen in the year 634. It continued under the Saracen Caliphs till the year 1030. when Tangrolipix a Turk invaded this Kingdom This lasted but three Reigns Cassanes the last of them in 1202. being slain and Haalon made King of Persia by Occata the Great Cham of Tartary This Prince exterminated the whole Race of the Caliphs of Bagdat and his Posterity reigned till 1337. When it also fell under the Tartarian fury to which it owed its Rise In 1405. after almost an hundred years of Confusion Mirza Charock IV. Son of Tamerlane ascended the Throne of Persia whose Family lasted till the year 1472. Then Vsan Cassanes began another Line which ended in 1505. when Hysmael the Founder of the present Line of Persia began his Reign Solyman the present King of Persia is the Tenth of this Line and succeeded in 1666. The principal Commodity of this Country now is Silks whereof it is reported to produce yearly twenty thousand Bales at two hundred and sixteen pound weight a Bale Arabick is the Learned Language there as Persian which hath a great mixture of Arabick and the Turkish the Vulgar But the Persians though Mahometans differ as to Religion from the Turks so professedly in explaining the Alcoran and in their Saints and Ceremonies that each as they conquer destroy the very Churches of one another The Persian Sea or Gulph Persicus Sinus commonly called Mar de Elcatiff or de Bassora is a Branch of the Indian or Ethiopick Ocean beginning at Cape Raz the most Eastern Cape of Arabia in Long. 96. 45. and running into the Land to 81. having Persia to the North and East and Arabia and Persia to the South and West In the most North-West Point the Euphrates and Tigris fall into it with a vast Current It receives also the Rivers of Arabia and Persia which lie near it but they are not of any consideration being neither many nor great Some others have counted the beginning of this Gulph at the Isle of Ormus and the Streight of Bassora which will make it much shorter than the length I have given it Pertois Pertensis Ager a Tract in Champagne in France between Champagne properly so called to the West the Dukedom de Bar to the East and the River Marne Perthe Perthia a County in Scotland which has Angus to the North Stratherne to the West Fife to the South and the German Ocean to the East divided into two parts by the Fyrth of Tay. It is a small County and takes it name from Perth or S. John's-Town the Capital of it One of the principal Cities in the North of Scotland upon the Tay in which the Kings of Scotland have commonly been crowned It lies thirty Miles from Edinburg to the North and twelve from Dunkeld This Town was totally ruined by an Inundation in 1029. and rebuilt by William King of Scotland where it now stands Long. 16. 8. Lat. 58. 00. Peru Peruvia Perua a large Country in South America affording great plenty of Gold and Silver Mines and at the Discovery of the New World the most Potent Kingdom in South America It s length from North to South is six hundred Spanish Leagues its breadth in some places ninety in others less Bounded on the North by the Prefecture of Popian on the South by the Kingdom of Chili on the West by the Pacifick Ocean or South Sea and on the South it has undiscovered Countries It is at this day divided into three Provinces los Reyes Quito and los Characas or de la Plata The old Capital was Cusko the present is Lima. This Kingdom was discovered by the Spaniards in 1529. under Francis Pizarro a Spaniard Who finding two Brothers of the Royal Family Huascar and Atabalipa betwixt whom their Father had parted the Kingdom in disagreement made use of their divisions to both their ruins and taking Atabalipa the last King of Peru Prisoner who before had surprized his Brother defeated his Forces put to death all the Princes of the Royal Family and caused Huascar to be drowned in the River of Andamarca after he had extorted a vast Ransom in Wedges of Gold the perfidious base born Villain hanged him May 1533. contrary to his faith given What the Spaniards report of the Fertility Wealth and Government of this Kingdom is scarce credible yet all fell into the Power of
Pont sur Jonne three Leagues from Sens and for Pontroy or Pongoin in la Perche upon the Eure. Ponte Mole Milvius Pons an ancient Bridge belonging to the City of Rome over the Tiber. It lies two Miles above the City to the East Near this Bridge Maxentius was defeated and in his passage over the River drowned in the Year 312. By which Victory Constantine the Great obtained the Empire of the World Pontus an ancient Kingdom in the Lesser Asia betwixt Bithynia and Paphlagonia extended along the Pontus Euxinus or Black Sea and famous heretofore in the Person of Mithridates the Great its King who upon the News of the revolt of his Son Pharnaces against him killed himself in the Year of Rome 691. after a Reign of fifty seven years Heraclea Ponti was its Capital City The Romans reduced this Kingdom into a Province Ponza Pontia an Island of the Mediterranean upon the Coast of the Kingdom of Naples known by the banishment of divers famous Romans to it Ponzone a small Town in the Duchy of Montferrat in Italy It suffered very much in the Wars till the Peace at Quieras in 1631. Pool a Market and Borough Town and Port in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Cogdean enclosed on all sides except Northward with an out let of the Sea called Luckford Lake and admitting an entrance into it by one Gate only Henry VI. first granted it the privilege of a Haven and leave to the Mayor to Wall it In this Haven the Sea ebbs and flows four times in twenty four hours It elects two Parliament Men and has the honor besides to be a County Corporate Potremoli Pontremulium a Town and Seigniory in Italy anciently called Apua at the Foot of the Apennine in the Eastern Borders of the States of Genoua fifteen Miles from Genoua to the East and eleven from Massa to the North. This Town and Seigniory in the Year 1650 was sold by the Spaniards to the Duke of Tuscany under whom it now is and has belonging to it a strong Castle Popayan Popaiana a great Province in South America in the Terra Firma towards the Mountains which on the West is bounded by the South Sea on the South by Peru on the East by New Granada and on the North by New Carthagena It s greatest extent is from North to South The Capital City of it is Popayan seated near the rise of the River of S. Martha one hundred and forty Miles from the South Sea to the East It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop de Sancta Fé d' Antiquera The other Cities are Caramanta Arma Sancta Anna d' Anzerma Carthagena Cali Amaguer and Agreda Under the Spaniards Popfingen Popfinga a small City in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany in the Tract of Riess upon the River Eger One Mile from Norlingen to the West An Imperial and Free City Porentru Brundusia a Town in Switzerland called by the Inhabitants Brontrut by the French Porentru The Seat of the Bishop of Basil and subject to him It stands in the Borders of Suntgow and the Higher Alsatia upon the River Halle three German Miles from Ferrette or Pfirt to the West and six from Basil The Tract in which it stands is called Elsgaw Pormon Thermodon a River of Cappadocia which falls into the Euxine Sea Poros an Island in the Gulph of Corinth or d' Engina between the Morea and Athens eighteen Miles in compass and very fruitful and populous Now under the Venetians Portalegre or Porto-Alegre Portus Alacris Amaea a City in Portugal in the Province of Alentejo towards the Borders of Extremadura which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Evora fourteen Miles from that City and twenty eight from Lisbon to the East thirty three from the Atlantick Ocean East Well fortified upon a River and giving the Title of a Count. Port-au-Prince a Town upon the South Coast of the Isle of Cuba in the West-Indies with a Port which drives a great Trade in Hides Port aux Prunes a Country in the North of the Isle of Madagascar Il Portatore Vfens a River in Campagna di Roma in the States of the Church which ariseth at a place called Casenoue two Miles from Sezze a Town in the same Province and falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea near Terracina sixty Miles from Naples to the West Portland Vindelis a small Peninsula in Dorsetshire which shoots into the British Sea about nine Miles from North to South The principal place in it is called Portland Castle built by Henry VIII Opposite to which towards Weymouth on the Land side stands Sandford Castle and these two together command all Ships that pass into the road here This Island belongs to the Church of Winchester by the Gift of Edward the Confessor It hath one Church on the South East side near the Sea affords Corn in good plenty and excellent pasture for Sheep but its Quarries of Stone of late much used in Building are its most remarkable Commodity Charles I. in 1632 Created Richard Lord Weston of Neyland Lord High Treasurer of England Earl of Portland which Title continued in the same Family for three successions in the Persons of Jeremy Son to Richard Charles Son and Heir to Jeremy and Thomas Weston Uncle to Charles Porto Puerto ein Port un Port a Port or Haven is a part of the Sea so inclosed and deep that Ships may safely ride in it Load and Unload whether it be made by Art or Nature All which vulgar Names in Italian Spanish German French and English are derived from the Latin Word Portus signifying the same thing Porto Portus Augusti Portus Romanus an Episcopal City which once stood at the Mouth of the Tiber in the States of the Church and had a considerable Port to it built by the Emperor Claudius then repair'd by Trajan But both that and the City for the unwholsomeness of the Air have been deserted and destroyed tho giving a title to one of the six Senior Cardinals Porto Port à Port and Cividad de Puerto Portus Cale is a great City and a considerable Mart in the Kingdom of Portugal at the Mouth of the Douro on the North Side of that River which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Braga and has a large safe and convenient Haven upon the Western Ocean within one League of which this City is built eight from Braga to the South and forty seven from Lisbon to the North. This City took its Name from Cale a Village near it and gave the Name of Portugal to the Kingdom before called Lusitania it being one of the first and most frequented Ports of that Kingdom Long. 11 15. Lat. 41. 10. Porto de Acaxutla a great and celebrated Port in New Spain in America in the Province of Guatimala upon the South Sea near Sancta Trinidada Porto Belo Portus Belus a new City in South America upon the Shoars of the North Sea which has a celebrated Haven secured by two strong Forts
Sea It stands on the North side of the Island has a safe Port and Castle and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of St. Domingo Taken by the English in 1599 and being plundered left to the Spaniards S. Juan de Vlva Fanum Sancti Johannis de Vlva a triangular Fort in a small Island in the North Sea on the Coast of New Spain over against the Port of Vera Cruz erected by the Spaniards for its security and defence It stands eighty Miles from Mexico to the East Vera Cruz was at first called by this Name but the Spaniards changed it of latter years S. Ives a Market Town and Corporation in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Penwith having a Haven upon the Irish Sea and the Election of two Parliament Men. § There is a second S. Ives in Huntingtonshire in the Hundred of Hurstington upon the River Ouse with a fair Stone Bridge over it which is a Market Town of good Antiquity Said to have received this name from a holy Bishop Ivo who laboured in the Conversion of the Saxons about the year 600 and died here But his Body was removed afterwards to Ramsey Abbey S. Lawrence a great River of New France in North America taking its Source towards the Lake des Hurons and running from West to East falling into the North Sea over against Newfound Land making a great Bay or Gulph there called the Gulph of S. Lawrence See Canada S. Leo Fanum Sancti Leonis The same with Monfeltro S. Leonhart a Town in the Lower Carinthia in the Valley of Lavanthal near the River Lavant in the Borders of Stiria two Miles from S. André a City of Carinthia This Town is under the Bishop of Bamberg S. Licer or S. Lizier See Conserans S. Lucar de Barameda Fanum Sancti Lucae Luciferi a City in Andaluzia in Spain called by the French S. Lurques Some will have it to be the Lux Dubia of Strabo It has three Castles and a large and safe Port at the Mouth of the River Guadalquivir upon the Atlantick Ocean S. Lucia or Alouzia one of the Charibye Islands in America under the French S. Macaire a Town in the Province of Guyenne in France upon the Garonne ten Leagues from Bourdeaux and thirty from the Ocean which rises no further than to this Town S. Maixent a Town in the Province of Poictou in France upon the River Seure Niortoise which hath an antient Abbey noted for a Council held at it against Berengarius in 1073 and another in 1075. The Emperor Lewis the Debonnaire repair'd this Abbey in his time S. Malo Maclovipolis Aletha Maclovia Maclopolis Maclovium a City in Bretagne in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Touâ—s seated in a small Island called S. Aron but very little removed from the Continent to which it is joined by a Bridge It grew up out of the Ruins of Aletha Though its Circuit is not great yet it is well peopled rich strong and by reason of the goodness of the Haven much frequented It stands four Leagues from Dole to the South-West and fourteen from Rennes to the North. Fortified and well Garrisoned in consideration that its great importance renders it one of the Keys of the Kingdom James Cartier the French Discoverer of Canada in America was a Native of this City A Synod was held here in 1618. S. Mango a Town in the ` Hither Principate in the Kingdom of Naples in Italy bearing the Title of a Principality S. Marco Argentanum Fanum Sancti Marci a small City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Hither Calabria which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cosenza but exempt from his Jurisdiction It stands ten Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea and sixteen from Cosenza to the North. § There is a Town of this name in the Island of Sicily the same with the Calacta of the Antients S. Margarita Gorgon an Island of the Tyrrhenian Sea under the Grand Duke of Tuscany betwixt the Province of Toscana and the Island of Corsica Called also by the Italians La Gorgona S. Marie an Island in the Aethiopick Ocean towards the Bay of Anthongil and the Eastern Coast of the Island of Madagascar at the distance of two Leagues from the latter where the French have planted ten or twelve Villages It is eighteen Leagues in length three in breadth fruitful in Rice Sugar Gums Tobacco Fruits and Cattel White Coral and Ambergrease are found here The Climate continually rainy The Natives repute themselves to be of the Line of Abraham calling the Island in their Language The Island of Abraham Les Saintes Maries Delphicum Templum a small Town at the Mouth of the Rhosne in Provence in France Honoured heretofore with a Temple built by the Marseillians in honour of Apollo Delphicus and said to be the Place where the Vessel came safe a-shoar with Lazarus St. Mary Magdalen Mary the Mother of James and others which the Jews exposed to Sea to the mercy of the Winds and Storms without Sails or Oars And that the Bodies of the St. Maries were found hidden here in 1448. S. Maria di Leuca a City and Bishops See in the Terra di Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples Sancta Maria Pandataria an Island in the Tyrrhenian Sea upon the Coast of Terra di Lavoro a Province of the Kingdom of Naples thirty Miles from Puteoli It is small desolate and uncultivated Agrippina the Mother of Caligula the Roman Emperor was banished into this wretched Place by Tiberius the Emperor according to the Roman Custom S. Maria de Finis terre Artabarnm a Promontory in Gallicia which is the most North-Western Cape of Spain called by the Spaniards El Cabo de Finis terre by the French Le Cap de Fine terre It has the name of S. Mary also from a near Town which stands ten Leagues from Compostella to the West S. Marino Marinum Mons Titanus Fanum Sanctae Mariae Acer Mons a City in the Dukedom of Vrbino in Romandiola scarce four Leagues from the River Rimini twenty two from Pesaro to the West and five from S. Leo to the South-East which is the Capital of a small Republick Republichetta the Italians call it of the same name established in the year 600 and containing about six thousand People who bought the Fortress of Pennarosta in the year 1000 the Castle of Casolo in 1170 and in 1463 received four other Castles with the Town of Piagge by Donation from Pope Pius II. This City stands upon a high Hill well fortified under the Government of two Military Officers whom they change in every year twice § There is likewise in the Montouan and the Modenese in Italy two Towns of this name each adorned with the Title of an Earldom a Fortress in the Province of Toscana near Florence and a little Principality in S. Peters Patrimony § Not to omit the Island S. Marino de Vaz near the Cape of Good Hope upon the Coast
of Africa so called by the Portuguese an uninhabited Place almost wholly covered with Mountains Nor the Charriby Island in America which first the Spaniards possessed and was afterwards divided betwixt the French and Dutch Sancta Martha Fanum Sanctae Marthae a City in the Terra Firma a Province of South America on the Shoar of the North Sea which has an Haven and a Castle in the Hands of the Spaniards Also a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Fé de Bogota It has been taken and plundered both by the English and Hollanders and therefore not much peopled Yet it is the capital City of S. Martha a Province in Castile D'or in South America of the same name The Province abounds in Oranges Citrons Pomegranates Vines Maze Mines of Gold Pretious Stones c. Partly under the Spaniards and partly under a Race of unconquered Natives who with Kings of their own make vigorous opposition to the Spaniards It hath some Mountains in it covered with Snow though the Maritime Parts are hot The City stands with a large Port upon the North Sea honoured with the Residence of the Governour of the Province In 1595. Sir Francis Drake set fire to it In 1630. the General of the Dutch West India Company took it but the Spaniards ransomed it again The French have had their turns likewise of pillaging of this City § The Mountain Sierras Nevadas in Castile D'or passes also by this name Sancta Maura Leucadia Leucas Neritum an Island in the Ionian Sea on the Coast of Epirus to which it is joined by a Timber Bridge nine Miles from Cephalonia It has a City of the same Name very strong seated on the East side in the middle of the Channel where it is a League over This Town is a mere Nest of Pyrats which though they live in the Turkish Territories are yet by their own Masters persecuted for this infamous Trade the Bassa of the Morea making a Voyage thither to burn their Galliots as Mr. Wheeler acquaints us There belongs to it an Aquaduct which now serves instead of a Bridge to those that go on Foot to this Place It is not at the top above a Yard broad and about a Mile long and so very high that if two should meet upon it their Lives would be endangered there being no Stairs and scarce room to pass This City has about six thousand Inhabitants Greeks Christians and Turks It is also a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lepanto The Island was under the State of Venice till Mahomet II. took it from them In 1684. the Venetians under Morosini retook it It is fruit ul in Corn Oranges Limons and Almonds its Pasturage very good and though about forty Miles in compass yet has it not above thirty poor Villages inhabited by such as Till the Ground and Fish So that the Bishop has apparently a small Revenue S. Maximin a Town of Provence in the Diocese of Aix in which Charles II. King of France in the thirteenth Century founded a famous Monastery of the Dominicans It was also adorned with a College in 1476. The common Opinion as to its antient Name speaks it to be Villa Lata S. Menehould Fanum Sancti Menehildis a Town in Champagne in the Territory of Argonne the Capital of which it is upon the River Aisne nine Leagues from Chaalons to the East and the same distance from Virdun it has a strong Castle built on an Hill taken twice within the compass of a few years S. Michael the chief Town in Barbadoes at the bottom of Carlile Bay in the South part of the Island which has an Harbour able to secure five hundred Vessels at once This Town is long containing several Streets and beautified by many well-built Houses Also very populous being the Seat of the Governour or his Deputy and of the Courts of Justice for the whole Island the Scale of their Trade where most of the Merchants and Factors have their Houses and Store-Houses from whence the Inhabitants are supplied with the English Commodities by way of Exchange yet is the Town liable to be floated by the Spring Tides and by that means made unhealthful For its defence it has two strong Forts with a Platform in the middle which command the Road and are well stored with Cannon Mount S. Michel Mons Sancti Michaelis in periculo Maris a Town built with great art upon an inaccessible Rock in the Sea between Bretagne and Normandy whence came the first Institution of the Knights of the Order of S. Michel It belongs to Normandy and is seated at the Mouth of the River Lers at a low Water it may be approached by Land besides the Castle it has an Abbey and a Church built by Aubert Bishop of Auranches in 706 in the Reign of Childebert King of France The Rock had been chosen for a Retreat by Hermites in the times foregoing This Town stands four Leagues from Auranches to the West and the same distance from S. Malo to the East The Sand here is good for making of Salt § In Mounts Bay in the County of Cornwal there is of this name a Hill called S. Michael's Mount separated by a sandy Plain from the Main Land but at Ebb water accessible on foot This Mount riseth to a good heighth and bears an old Fort upon the top of it Ilha de S. Miguel one of the Tercera Islands in the Atlantick Ocean under the Portugueze betwixt Tercera to the North and S. Maria to the South The principal Settlements in it are S. Antonio Villa Franca and Punta del gada § The Venetians are Masters of an Island of the same name upon the Coast of Dalmatia near Zara in the Adriatick which they call Isold di san Michele others Vgliana § There is a third Isla de S. Miguel in the East Indian Ocean betwixt Calamianes or Paragoia to the North and Borneo to the South S. Miguel Fanum Sancti Michelis Michaelopolis a City of South America in the Kingdom of Peru and Presecture of Quitoa seated in the Valley of Piura twelve Miles from the South Sea The first Colony the Spaniards setled in this Province The Indians used to call it Chila There is a Town of the same Name in New Spain in the Province of Guatimala at the Mouth of the River Lempa sixty Miles from Guatimala to the East Another in New Granada A fourth called S. Miguel del Estero in Tucumania twenty eight Leagues from San Jago del Estero which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of la Plata S. Mihel a City in Lorain upon the Maes in the Dukedom of Bar between Toul to the South and Verdun to the North. S. Miniato al Tedesco Miniatum Teutonis a City of Hetruria in the Dukedom of Florence built upon an Hill by the River Arno between Florence to the East and Pisa to the West twenty Miles from either Heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Florence S. Morris a Town in the
to the North now also sometimes called Lamia Scalambri or Scaramis Caucana a ruin'd City and Port on the South of Sicily near Cape Passaro the most Eastern Point Scalona Ascalon a City in the Holy Land on the Mediterranean Sea between Azotus to the North and Gaza to the South eighteen Miles It was one of the Regal Cities of the Philistines after this it was a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Jerusalem now reduced to a poor Village and a few Cottages as Leunclavius saith and the See is united to that of Bethleem Scamandro Scamander a small River in Phrygia in the Lesser Asia mentioned by Homer It falls into the Archipelago near Cape Janisary at the very entrance of the Hellespont North of the New Dardanells The River ariseth out of Mount Ida and has but a short Course Scandalor Pamphylia a Province in the Lesser Asia Scanderone Alexandria a City of Syria call'd by the Italians Alexandretta heretofore a Bishop's See and a celebrated Sea-Port at the Mouth of the River Belum now Soldrat upon the Bay of Laiazzo Issicum fifty Miles from Aleppo to the West twenty five from the Consines of Cilicia to the East The beginning of it is owing to a Castle built by Alexander the Great for a retreat whilst he besieged Tyre at the distance of four or five Miles from Tyre upon the same Coast to the South A Castle which Alexander called by his own name but time and corruption first changed it to Scandalion and now to Scanderoon Pompey destroy'd it in his Conquest of Phoenicia And in 1116. Baldwin I. King of Jerusalem whilest be besieg'd Tyre as Alexander had done before rebuilt it from which time it became a strong place an honourable Government and a safe retreat to the Christians during their possessions in the Holy Land Now saith Baudrand there is scarce any mention of it remaining except a few Cottages for the use of the Merchants and a Stone-House for the Captain of the Janisaries who collects the Grand Seigniors Customs But I have been informed by some Masters of Ships that have been there that this Place of late years is much improved by the Trade the English and Dutch drive in it Long. 68. 00. Lat. 38. 10. Scandinavia a vast Peninsula in the North of Europe containing the Kingdoms of Sweden Norway and Lapland Scandia or South Gothland by some Geographers is represented as the Southern part of it and Lapland the most Northern Scania See Schonen Scarborough a strong Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire and the Hundred of Pickering not very large but well built and inhabited standing to the Sea with a convenient Port for Trade upon a craggy steep and almost inaccessible Rock which the Sea washes on all sides but the West where the passage is narrow yet hath a strong Wall to secure it This Rock upon the top of it presents us with a fair Plain of sixty Acres of ground a Castle Royal garrisoned and a Spring of fresh Water Formerly a high stately Tower stood upon it which served as a Landmark to Ships at Sea but this in the last Civil Wars was demolished Scarborough besides is made a noted place by its Spaw and the Herring Fishery upon its Coasts Between which and Whitby to the North lies the Bay of Robin Hood the famous Robber in the Reign of K. Rich. 1. It hath the honour to be a Corporation also represented by two Burgesses in the House of Commons Scardo Scardona a City ascribed by Ptolemy to Liburnia now in Dalmatia and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Spalato ever since 1120 called by the Sclavonians Scardin It is now but small lies upon the Adriatick Sea near the Lake of Prochlian at the Mouth of the River Titius and has a small Castle on an Hill in the Hands of the Turks This Place was taken by the Venetians and ruined in the year 1570. After this the Turks repossessed it and were re-expelled by the Venetians in 1647. In 1683. the Morlaques of Croatia drove the Turks away from it and garrisoned it Baudrand placeth it thirty five Miles from Zana to the East and nine from Sibenico to the North and saith the Venetians bought it of the Wayvode of Bosnia in the year 1411. for five thousand Duckats of Gold Scardonia an Island of Dalmatia mentioned in the Writings of the ancients but now unknown Scaren Scara a small City of Westrogethia a Province of Sweden which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal and heretofore the Seat of the Kings of Gothland but now in a declining Condition it stands ten Miles from the Lake of Venner to the South and twenty from Falcop to the North. Scarlino Scapris vel Scabris a Town in Italy in the Territory of Siena and Principality of Piombino ten Miles from Massa to the South Before which was slain the famous Strozzi Prior of Capoua in the French Quarrel Scarpanto Carpathus an Island near Rhodes betwixt that and Candia in the Archipelago towards the Coast of the Lesser Asia belonging to the Turks It had heretofore four considerable Cities which are now reduced to one of the same name with it self but half ruined The former Knights of Rhodes or Malta as they are now called fortified it so as to reap great advantages by it both over the Sultans of Egypt and the Turks its situation rendring it considerable in relation to Egypt and Syria The present Inhabitants generally follow the Greek rites The Mountains have been thought to contain Mines of Gold and Silver but none have hitherto undertook to open them The Soil yields plenty of Wine and Fruits and here are delicate Patridges Scarpe Scarpa a River in Artoise it ariseth three Leagues above Arras and watering it and Douay and dividing Hainault from Flanders falls into the Schelde near Mortagne a great Town in Flanders six Leagues above Tournay to the South-West Scarsdale a Dale or Valley in Derbyshire encompassed with Rocks and Mountains according to the sense of the word Scaâ—re in the Saxon Language signifying a Craggy Rock It contains one of the parts into which the County is divided Chesterfield stands in it And K. Charles I. did it the honour to make an Earldom of it in the Person of Francis Leak Lord Deyncourt of Sutton created Earl of Scarsdale in 1645. which Title descended to his Son Nicholas and now is enjoyed by his Grandson the R. H. Robert Leake Scatono a small Town in the Province of Toscana in Italy near a Lake Noted upon the account of certain stones found thereabouts which do not Calcine by fire Scenitae see the Bedovins of Arabia Schaffhausen Probatopolis Scaphusia Schafusia a City of Switzerland called by the French Schafhouse the Capital of one of the Cantons It stands upon the Rhine four Miles beneath Constance to the West two beneath the Lake of Zell or das Zeller see as the Germans call it six from Basil and four from Zurich to the North. This is
Pius II. It was a flourishing University in 1386. but when founded is not known to me Several Popes Alexander III. Pius II. Pius III. Alexander VII and great Men have been Natives of this place its greatest glory is S. Catherine of Siena a Dominican who persuaded Pope Gregory IX to leave Avignon She died in 1380. Canonized by Pope Pius II. in 1461. Sierra-Liona a chain of Mountains upon the Frontiers of Nigritia and Guinee in Africa therefore placed sometimes in the one and sometimes in the other by Writers It gives name to the River Sierra-Liona and to a large African Kingdom whither the English French Dutch and Porteguese traffick for Ivory Ambergrease Pepper Crystal Coral pieces of Gold c. The English for the security of their Commerce built themselves a Fort upon the River Sierra-Liona which in 1664 was lost to the Dutch In 1607 the King of this Country with his Family and others received Christian Baptism of Father Barreira a Portuguese Jesuit of the Mission The Portuguese called him Dom Philippe de Lion in allusion to the name of his Kingdom The present King is also a Christian tho the greatest part of the People Heathens His Kingdom extends from Cape Verga to Cape Tagrin and hath its name from the noise of the Sea against the Rocks and the thunder from the Mountains of it resembling the roaring of a Lion Sierras-Nevadas a Chain of Mountains in Castile d'Or in South America extended the space of forty Leagues and accounted two in height being tho near the Line in the hottest seasons always covered on the top with Snow as it is intimated in its Name Siga a City of Mauritania Caesariensis in Africa with a Port upon the Mediterranean in the Kingdom of Algiers It is an ancient City and in Christian times has been a Bishop's See Now called Humain A River of its own name Siga falls into the Mediterranean here Sigan a City of the Province of Xensi in China which is the Capital over thirty five other Cities Sige and Sigeium Promontorium an ancient Episcopal City of Troas in Asia minor ruined For the Promontory see Janizzari Sigeth Salinae Metuharis a strong Town the Head of a County of the same Name in the lower Hungary seated in a Marsh made by the River Alme two Hungarian Miles from the Drave seven from Alba Regalis to the South and five from Quinque Ecclesiae to the West It has a very strong Castle fortified with three Ditches and as many Walls which added to the situation of it make it very considerable Solyman the Magnificent ended his Life at Quinque Ecclesiae during the Siege of this place which was yielded to the Turks September 7. 1566 after a Defence that wanted nothing but Success to have rendered it the most celebrated that has happened Nicolas Esdrin Count of Serini Governour of it being slain in the last Sally which he made at the head of his remaining Forces It is now in the Emperor's hands by re-conquest surrendred January 15 1688. The Imperialists found therein eighty five pieces of Cannon § There is another Town of the same Name in the Vpper Hungary near the Fountains of the Tibiscus in the Principality of Transylvania Sign a Venetian Garrison in Dalmatia besieged by the Turks twenty four days in 1687 and relieved by the Forces of the Republick under General Cornaro Silaro Silarus a River in the Kingdom of Naples in former times the Boundary of Lucania and now often called il Selo and il Silaro It ariseth in the Hither Principate from the Apennine and falls into the Bay of Salerno eighteen Miles from that City to the East Il Sile Silis a River in the States of Venice which watereth the City of Treviso and then falls into the Adriatick Sea Silesia a great Province in the Kingdom of Bohemia called by the Inhabitants Slisko by the Poles Slusko by the Germans Schlesien Bounded on the East by Poland on the North by the Marquisate of Brandenburgh on the West with Lusatia and Bohemia properly so called on the South with Moravia and the Vpper Hungary It was for eight hundred and sixty years a part of Poland and revolted from that Crown under Vladislaus Loch King of Poland in 1327. In the fifteenth Century this Country generally imbraced the Doctrines of John Hus which were tolerated by Rhodolphus II. in 1609. It had at first several Princes of Royal and Sovereign Jurisdictions in their several Principalities which together with the Piastean Family ended in the Person of George William in 1675 whereupon that Country returned entirely to the Emperor as King of Bohemia having been above three hundred years ago united to the Kingdom of Bohemia The Principal Cities and Towns in this Province are Brieg Crossen Glogaw Grotkaw Jawer Lignitz Monsterberg Olss Troppaw Oppelen Ratibor Sagan Schweidnitz Volaw and Breslaw which is the Capital City of this Country It is divided into the Vpper and Lower Silesia The Isles of Silly Silurum Insulae Casiterides a knot of Islands in the Vergivian Ocean to the West of the Land's end of Cornwal an hundred and twenty Miles South of the Coast in Ireland sixty from the Land's end and an hundred and forty from Cape S. Mahe in Britagne The French call them the Sorlingues They are and ever have been under the Crown of England in all above an hundred and forty five all clad with Grass or green Moss The greatest of them is S. Mary which has a Town and Harbor of the same Name Where Queen Elizabeth in 1593 built a Castle to defend it from the Spaniards and fixed a Garrison in it King Athelstane was the first of the Saxon Kings that conquered them See Cambden Simmeren a Town and County in the Palatinate of the Rhine in Germany The Town hath a Castle belonging to it Simois a small River of Troas in Phrygia in the Lesser Asia It arileth out of Mount Ida and joining with the Scamander falls into the Archipelago together with it near Cape Janizari at the entrance into the Streights of Gallipoli Sin Sina a City in the Kingdom of China in the Province of Choquang seated at the foot of a Mountain § Also a Desart betwixt the Mountains Elim and Sinai in Arabia whither the Israelites in their March came the fifteenth day after their departure from Egypt and murmuring for hunger were relieved by an extraordinary Rain of Quails and Manna Exod. 16. 4. 13. Sinai a part of the Mountain Horeb upon the Coast of the Red Sea in the Stony Arabia separated by a large Valley from the Mountain of S. Catherine It hath at some distance from its foot a Spring of good Water and upon the top two Grotto's in Rocks at this day said to be the place where Moses received the Tables of the Law and where he passed his forty days fast It is now wholly covered with a Multitude of Chappels Convents Cells and Gardens possessed by some Latin amongst a crowd of
between Durazzo and the River Aspro which last falls into the same Sea twenty five Miles from Durazzo to the North Some call it Aspro Spirnazza others Spirnazza Arzenza Spitsberg an University in Brandenburgh founded in 1544. Spitsberg Spitzberga Regio Arctica or the Sharp Mountains as the Name signifies is a large Country and a part of the Artick Continent between Nova Zembla to the East and Greenland to the West which are yet not near it by three hundred Miles It was called thus by the Dutch upon their discovering it in 1596. the English call it new-New-Land others Spigelberg It extends to deg 80. of North Latitude Whether it be an Island or joyned to any Continent is unknown to the Europeans extreme cold without one Village in it only some parts are frequented by the Dutch who Fish for Whales and find some two hundred foot long Here are a great number of Bears black and white Foxes and Sea-Geese Split the same with Spalatro Splugen Splugue Speluca the highest Mountain amongst the Grisons a part of the Rhetian Alpes upon which there was once a strong Castle near the Lower Branch of the Rhine about eight Miles from Clâ—ven to the North. Spoleti Spoletum Spoletium is a City in the States of the Church in Italy called Spoleto and Spolete the Capital of a Dukedom of the same Name It stands in the Province of Vmbria or Ombria partly on an Hill partly in a Valley upon the River Tessino thirteen Miles from Fuligno to the North-East forty five from Rome to the North and sixty two from Ancona to the South It is a Bishops See immediatly under the Pope and a City of great Antiquity having defended it self very well against Hannibal in the second Punick War In 1234 here was a Council held under Pope Gregory IX for the Recovery of the Holy Land The same year the Bishop's See was translated hither from Spollo In seven hundred and forty it was besieged by Luitprandus King of the Lombards and reduced to great Extremities In 1155 Frederick Barberossa took plundered and burnt it for violating his Ambassadors and corrupting his Coin In 1583 here was a Synod held by its Bishop It shows some stately Ruines of an Amphitheatre a Temple and a Palace of the Kings of the Goths who made it their Residence Il Ducato di Spoleto Spoletanus Ducatus is a very large Province of Italy called of old Vmbria of latter times Ombria And a Dukedom from the time that Longinus the Greek Exarch of Ravenna after the recalling Narses instituted Dukes for the Government of this Province The Lombards made a Conquest of it under Alboinus one of their Kings in 571. But they left it under Dukes still one of which in 740 joyning with Pope Gregary and rebelling against his Master Luitprandus drew a War upon the Province In 876. Charles the Bald one of the Caroline Princes made Guido a Descendent of Charles the Great Duke of Spoleto whose Posterity in thirteen Descents enjoyed it to 1198. How or when this Province fell under the Pope I know not but it bore the Title of a Dukedom under them till 1440 when it reassumed its ancient Name of Ombria See Leander Albertus Sponheim Sponheimensis Comitatus a County in the Palatinate of the Rhine between the Moselle and the Naw which last falls into the Rhine four German Miles beneath Mentz The fourth part of it is under the Marquess of Baden the rest has been under the Electors Palatine ever since 1416 when it came to that Family by the Marriage of Isabella Heiress of it with Robert Elector Palatine The principal places in it are Creutznach Simmeren and Birkenfeld Sporades the scattered Islands towards Candia in the Archipelago so called in opposition to the Cyclades which lye together in the form of a Circle The Romans Saracens and the Corsairs with the present Masters the Turks of them by their several devastations have reduced these once flourishing retreats into a poor condition There are always some Greeks upon them Sprche Sprewe Spra la Sprehe Spreha a River in Germany which ariseth in the Borders of Bohemia and flowing through Lusatia watereth Bautzen Cotâ—â—itz and Luben then entering Brandenburgh falls by Berlin into the Havel at Spandow which last ends in the Elbe at Havelburg Sprotaw Sproâ—avia a City of Silesia in the Dukedom of Glogaw upon a River of the same Name which falls into the Bober Four Miles from Glogaw to the West Spurnhead Ocelli a Cape or Promontory in Yorkshire at the Mouth of the Humber Squillaci Scyllctiâ—m Scillaceum a small City of great Antiquity called by Ptolemy Scilacium Pliny Scylaceum and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Reggio in the Fuâ—ther Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples to which there belongs a Bay upon the Ionian Sea called Golfo di Squillaei This City stands sixty five Miles from Regio to the North-East fifty five from Rossano to the South and has not above three hundred Houses in it Long. 40. 12. Lat. 37. 48. It was an Athenian Colony and one of the most considerable Cities belonging to the Brutii in Magna Graecia Staden Statio Stada a City in the Lower Saxony in the Dukedom of Bremen near the Elbe anciently a Free Imperial City and a Hanse Town but now subject to the Duke of Breme It stands upon a small River called Sâ—â—â—vinge which a little lower falls into the Elbe seven German Miles from Hamburgh to the West and twelve from Bremen to the North. A very strong Town Taken in 1676 by the Duke of Brunswick In 1680 it was restored by the Treaty concluded at Zell to the Swedes under whom it was before put by the Treaty of Munster Staffanger Stavandria Stafangria Stavangria a City of Norway which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Drontheim and has a large safe Harbor upon the German Ocean It stands in the Prefecture of Bergen ninety Miles from Bergen to the South and sixty from the Baltick Sea Long. 27. 45. Lat. 61. 15. Staffarda a Town not far from Saluzzes in Piedmont made remarkable by the Battel between the Duke of Savoy's Army and the French on the eighteenth of August 1690 in which the former retired with loss Staffordshire Staffordia Cornavi a County in the middle of England Bounded on the North by Cheshire and Darbyshire where a Stone shews the point in which these three Countries meet on the East by Darbyshire cut off by the Dowe and Trent on the South by Warwickshire and Worcestershire and on the West by Shropshire It represents a Lozenge in its form its length being forty four Miles from North to South and its breadth twenty seven the whole Circumference one hundred and forty seven containing one hundred and thirty Parishes and eight Market Towns For Springs Brooks and Rivers besides the Trent it hath the Dove which partly separates it from Derbyshire the Churner the Blithe the Line the Teaâ— the Sowe the Penk the Manifold and several
men The Buildings are ancient the Inhabitants grave It stands in a Marsh which makes it less healthful though it affords the City a great plenty of all things The Cathedral Church of S. Luke that is there now was heretofore the Temple of Diana Long. 39. 24. Lat. 36. 24. Syria a vast Country in the Greater Asia called by the Jews Aram or Charam When it is largely taken it contains Phoenicia Palestine or the Holy Land and Syria properly so called In the latter Acceptation it is bounded to the North by Cilicia and the lesser Armenia on the East by Mesopotamia divided from it by the Euphrates and Arabia Deserta on the South it has Palestine and Phoenicia and on the West the Mediterranean Sea Now called by the Inhabitants Souristan by the French Sourie by the Italians Soria It s length from North to South four hundred from East to West it is in breadth two hundred Italian Miles In very ancient Times Damascus was the capital City in the middle times Antioch now Aleppo This Country is by Nature extremely Fruitful and once as Populous but now almost desolate As to the Story of it N. Damascenus mentions one Adadus slain by David King of Israel after whom there followed a Succession of Kings thirteen in number the last of which Rezin was conquered by Tiglath Phileser King of Assyria and beheaded in Damascus about the year of the World 3213. After this they were subject to the Kings of Assyria Media and Persia till after the Death of Alexander the Great Seleucus Nicanor began another Kingdom here about the year of the World 3644 whose Posterity and Successors to the number of twenty one or twenty five of which Antiochus XII was the last Reigned till Pompey the Great made a perfect Conquest of all Syrià for the Romans in the year of the World 4650 sixty two years before the Birth of our Saviour It continued under the Romans till the year of Christ 636. or as others 34. when it was conquered by Haumer the third Calyph of the Saracens About the year of Christ 1075. Melech and Ducat began a Turkish Kingdom which in the year 1262 after a Descent of nine Kings was destroyed by Haalon the Tartar Next it fell into the Hands of the Mamalucks of Egypt under whom it continued till the year 1515 and then was conquered by Selim Emperor of the Turks under whom it is at this day most wretchedly harassed and desolated Syrtes two dangerous sandy Gulphs in the Mediterranean Sea upon the Coast of Barbary in Africa called antiently Syrtes magna parva now the Gulph de Sidra and de Capes In one name the Shoals of Barbary The first lies betwixt the Kingdoms of Tripoli and Barca the other betwixt Tripoli and Tunis TA. TA a River on the South of China in the Provinces of Quansey and Quantam Tabago the Tobacco Island in the West-Indies in the North Sea Possessed by the Dutch commonly also called Niew Walcheren It lies eight Miles from la Trinidad to the North-East and ninety South of Barbadoes having eighteen small Rivers and many sase Harbours about nine Dutch Miles long and three broad very fruitful and full of all Necessaries About forty years since the Dutch began to plant it In 1673. the English under Sir Tobias Bridges took and plundered it carried away four hundred Prisoners and as many Negroes In 1677. the French being desirous to drive the Dutch out of it sent the Comte d' Estrée with ten Ships which entered Klips Bay and for several days ingaged a Fleet of eight Dutch Ships there lying under the Command of James Binckes a Dutchman who so well defended the Island that though the French pretended they destroyed the Fort the Dutch had built yet they were forced to draw off and leave the Dutch Masters of the Place Long. 316. Lat. 10. 30. The whole Plantation of this Island is Tobacco after its name Tabarestan Tabarestania a Province of Persia toward the Caspian Sea containing a great part of the ancient Hyrcania The Caspian Sea is sometimes from this Province called the Sea of Tabarestan Asterabath its Capital City Tabarque Tabraca an ancient City in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa upon the Mediterranean Sea betwixt Hippo and Vtica It hath had the honour in the times of Christianity there to be a Bishops See but now only considerable for its Port. Pliny Claudian and Stephanus mention it Tabasco Tabasca a Town and Province in New Spain in North America The Province lies between the Bay of Mexico to the North and the Province of Chiapa to the South extended from East to West forty six Spanish Leagues The principal City in it was by the Indians called Tabasco but the Spaniards call it Nuestra Sennora de la Viâ—toria our Lady of Victory because Cortez the Spanish General gave the Mexicans an irrecoverable Defeat near this Place Tabenna an Island of the Thebais in the Kingdom of Egypt near the City Syene Inhabited formerly by the Monks entituled Tabenniosiâ—ae from it in whose times Tabennis was a small Town standing here Tabor Taborium a Town in Bohemia upon the River Lauznicz twenty Miles from Budwess and forty five from Prague The Hussites made this Place the Seat of their War and fortified it and from thence for twenty years ruined the Imperial and Hereditary Countries called thereupon Taborites Tacara a small Kingdom on the Coast of Guinea in Africa Tacaze Tacasus Astaboras a vast River in the Higher Aethiopia which ariseth in the Kingdom of Angote chiefly from three Fountains and runs West sometime between Dagana and Hoga Then bending North through the Kingdom of Tigre it watereth the Desart of Oldeba and joyns the River Mareb or Marebo Being much improved it passeth through the Kingdom of Dengin and at Jalack falls into the Nile in the Kingdom of Nubia from the East Tachiali Antiochia Maeandri a City of Caria in the Lesser Asia which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesus from which it stands seventy Miles to the East upon the Meander and thirty seven from Bursia to the South Latitus Bishop of this See subscribed to the Council of Chalcedon Long. 58.00 Lat. 39. 30. Tadcaster a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire which hath a large Stone Bridge over the River Warfe and Lime-Stone digged up in its Neighbourhood in Plenty Tadouslack Tadussacum a Town in New France upon the Bay of S. Laurence where it receives the River Saguen a hundred Miles from Quebec to the South-East Taenarus See Matapan Taff Rhatostathybius a small River in Glamorganshire in Wales which watering and giving name to Landaff falls into the Irish Sea near the Borders of Monmouthshire Taflete Tafleta a Kingdom in Biledulgerida in Africa between Segellomessa to the East and Darba to the West bounded with the Kingdom of Morocco to the North. The Capital City is of the same name A populous and plentiful City fortified with a Castle of great Trade for Indico
almost Desert by reason of the Sands and venomous Creatures and want of Water it is almost twice as big as Europe Afrique Africa the Aphrodisium of the Antients a Town and Port in Barbary in the Kingdom of Tunis 20 Leagues from Mahometa Charles V. took it from the King of Morocco and demolish'd it Aga or Agag a Kingdom with a City of the same Name in the Upper Aethiopia Agades a Kingdom with a City of the Name in Nigritia in Africa tributary to the King of Tombut Agan or Pagan an Islet in the Eastern Ocean betwixt Chomocoan and Guagan where the famous Portegueze Magellan was assassinated as he was going in search of the Moluccaes Aganara or Aganagare a City on this side the Ganges in the East-Indies remembred by Ptolomy Aganippe a Fountain in Boeotia in Greece celebrated by the antient Poets Agaosi a People in the Kingdom of Bagamedri in the Upper Aethiopia The Agarens or Hagarens a People of Arabia Foelix descended from Agar and Ismael who went to war with the Tribes of Ruben Gad and Manasse in the time of Saul Their capital City is called after their own Name Agarena or Agranum When they revolted from the Roman Empire under Trajan that Emperor attempted the Reduction of them without success and since Mahomet was born amongst them they have been of his Religion Agarus Sagaris a River of the European Sarmatia which falls into the Danube in Moldavia now call'd Stiret according to Ortelius Agathyrse Agatyrium Agathyrna an antient City and Promontory in Sicily The Promontory is the same with that they now call Cape d'Orlando Agathyrses an antient People of Scythia applauded by Historians for their Hospitality to one another Agde a City in Languedoc in France the Bishop of which is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Narbone It is a fine and well built place seated at the mouth of the River Eraud which there falls into the Mediterranean Sea Agdus a famous Rock upon the Frontiers of Phrygia in Asia Minor Agen a City and Bishoprick in Guienne in France under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux and the Capital of the County of Agennois which gives the Title of an Earl It stands upon the Garonne where it receives on the opposite side the River L'Egers It is large beautiful and one of the best Cities of Aquitain being also the Birth-place of Joseph Scaliger about 15 Leagues from Bourdeaux to the North-East Aggerhuis a Province of Norway so called from a Castle in it It is bounded on the East with the Kingdom of Sweden on the South with the Sound on the West with the County of Bergen and on the North with that of Drontheim from which last it is separated by the Mountain Sevone It reacheth in length from the North to the South 240 Miles The chief Cities of it are Ansloga Fredericstad Saltzbeg and Tonâ—bâ—g The whole of it is under the King of Denmark Agion Oros Athos a Mountain in Macedonia in the Province of Jamboli call'd by the Italians il Monte Santo by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Holy Mount It runs into the Aegean Sea like a Peninsula it is joyned to the Continent by a Neck of Land of an Italian Mile and half which Herodotus saith was cut through by Xerxes It is 90 Miles in compass called by the Turks Scididag and Monastir by reason of the vast numbers of Monasteries in it being about 24 Cloisters of Caloirs or Greek Monks the chief of which are Garopedos and Agias Laura in which two are 600 Monks in all 5000. Most of these Monasteries are fortified to secure them from Pirats From hence the Patriarch of Constantinople fetches most of the Bishops he needs for his Patriarchate it being now the School or University of all Greece the Monks are all of the Order of S. Basil This Mountain lies between the Bay of Strymon on the North and that of Singo to the South Agira Agurium Argirium and Agnina Vrbs is a City in Sicily near Mount Aetna The Birth-place of Diodorus Siculus now called San Philippo d'Argirone Aglie a celebrated Castle in the Province of Canavois in Savoy which gives a Name to one of the most illustrious Houses in that Country Agmet the Emere of Ptolomy an antient City in the Province of Marocco sometime the Seat of that Empire and very populous and strong before Marocco was built Agmundesham a Corporation seated upon a small River which falls into the Isis a little above Vxbridge in the County of Bucks It sends two Burgesses to our Parliament and is not otherwise remarkable to my knowledge It stands 9 Miles from Vxbridge to the North-West and about 8 from Maidenhead to the North-East Agnabet or Agnetlin one of the principal Towns of Transylvania seated upon the River Harbach which falls into the Alt. In this place Q. Isabella assembled a Diet for the preservation of her Son which Martinsius dissolved and began a War upon his Master which ended in both their ruins Agno Clanus a River of Campania in Italy call'd afterwards Liris it riseth in Mount Tiphate and flowing West between Avella and Nola entereth Terra di Lavoro makes the Lake of Linterna and at last ends in the Sea of Tuscany between the Ruins of Cuma and the Mouth of the River Voltorno Agnone a Town in the Province of Abruzzo in Italy understood by some to be the antient Aquilonia Agobel a City in the Kingdom of Tremissen in Barbary understood by some to be the Victoria of Ptolomy Also another in the Province of Hea in the Kingdom of Marocco Agol a City in the Upper Aethiopia towards the Mountain Amara Agore Agorum a small City upon the River Cordevol in the Dominions of the Republick of Venice Agouges or D'Agouges a small River of Auvergne in France which falls into the Allier a little above San Porzain Agouste Augusta a City in Sicily built by Frederick the Emperor in 1229 upon a Peninsula which in the last Age was turned into a little Isle with a Bridge to communicate betwixt it and the Continent It has a very large Haven defended by 3 Cittadels to the Sea Taken by the French in 1675. and abandon'd by them in 1678. Agout Acutus a small River in Languedoc in France washing the two Cities of Castres and Lavaur it falls into the River Tarne Agra or Agara a new City seated in a Province of the same Name in India beyond Ganges It is the Capital of the Moguls Empire and his residence a rich and beautiful City built by Ekebar one of his Predecessors in the last Age upon the River Gemini It is of a vast circuit and adorned with a stately Palace on the other side of the River lies another City called Serandra which is well built and but a kind of Suburb to Agra Agragas See Gergenti Agramont Agramontium a Town in Catalonia in the Plain of Vrgel between Solsona and Lerida Agreable an Island in the Kingdom of Fez form'd by the
it belonging to the Hollanders upon the Coast of Nigritia This Fort was built by the Portugals in 1455. Taken from them by the Hollanders in 1633. Taken from the Hollanders by the English of late Years and it was again taken and ruin'd by the French in 1678 and is now again under the Hollander It lies in the Atlantick Ocean upon the Coast of the Kingdom of Gualata about or in 20 d. of Northern Lat. Arhon Asopus a River of the Morea falling into the Gulph of Corinth Arhusen Arhusia a City of Denmark in the Dukedom of Jutland upon the Baltick Sea it is a Bishops See under the Archbisâ—op of Lunden seated upon the River Gude 10 Miles South of Alburg 2 West from the Island of Fuinen and about 26 North of Lubeck This City was taken and severely treated by the Swedes in 1644. but is since that in the Posâ—ession of the Danes again Aria an antient Province and City of Persia The one is now call'd Chorasan the other Herat or Serat Ariano Arianum a City in the further Principate in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento giving the Title of a Duke Ariano upon the Po is a small City in the Ferrarez in Italy and Capital of a Territory call'd Polesinâ— di Ariano upon the Borders of the States of Venice Arica a Port in the Kingdom of Peril in the Province de los Charcas where they ship the Silver brought from Potosi It is a small Town but has a capacious Haven and a strong Castle distant from La Plata to the South-East and from Cusco to the South 80 Leagues Ariccia or la Riccia was heretofore a considerable Town in the Campagna di Roma in Italy upon a Lake of the name now called lago di Nemi It has since become a small Village yet gives the Title of a Duke Ariel a River of the Precopensian Tartars which falls into the Nieper Borysthenes below Terki Arieni an antient People of Germany Another in Asia whom the Gauls reduced Arima a Town and Port of Japan in the Kingdom of Ximo or Saâ—cok The Infidels have extirpated the Christians thence Arimaspi an antient People of Sarmatia Europaea Ariminum See Rimini Arimoa an Island discovered by the Hollanders in 1618. near New Guiney betwixt Moa and Schouten Arles Arelas a City and Archbishoprick in Provence of France upon the Rhone In this place there was celebrated a great Council of the Western and African Bishops by the Order of Constantine the Great in the Year 312 or as Cabasutius saith in 314. that is about 16 years before the General Council of Nice and there has been several others held in aftertimes in the same Place This City was once made the Head of a Kingdom which had Kings of its own from the Year 879. to 1032. sometimes call'd the Kingdom of Arles and sometimes of Burgundy beyond the Jâ—ur Jurana It is seated on the left side the River Rhone over which there is a Timber Bridge 12 Leagues from Marseilles to the West The Academy established here in 1669 and the grand Obelisk of Roman work erected in 1677 ought not to be forgotten Arlington a little Village in Middlesex between Harlington and Shepeston which being the Birth-place of the Right Honorable Henry Bennet he was by Charles II. created Baron of Arlington the 14th of March 1664 and Earl of the same the 22d of April 1672. sworn Lord Chamberlain of the Houshold to King Charles II. Sept. 11. 1674. and died in the first Year of the Reign of King James II. in great Honor and Esteem Arlon Arlun Arlunum Orolunum a Town in the Dutchy of Luxembourg in the Low Countries which has given the Title of a Marquess from the Year 1103. It stands 4 Leagues from Luxembourg 6 from Montmidi Arma a Province and City in the Kingdom of Popayan in America 25 Leagues from St. Troy Armadabat See Amadabat Armagh Armacha a County of Vlster in Ireland incompassed with the River Neury on the East with the Country of Louth on the South and with the Blackwater North. This is one of the most fruitful Counties in all Ireland Upon the River Kalin which falleth into the Blackwater a River so called stands Armagh a poor decayed City tho an Archiepiscopal See and the Primate of the whole Kingdom This Primate was subject to the Archbishop of Canterbury till 1142. when it was exempted by one John Papyrio a Papal Legate as Camden faith The City was taken by Cromwel in 1650. Armanac Arminiacensis Comitatus a County of Aquitain or the upper Gascony in France bounded on the North by the Counties of Agenois and Condome on the East by Languedoc on the West by Gascony properly so called Bearn and Bigorro and on the South by the County de Cominge The Earle of this County are much celebrated in the antient French History Armanâ—th See Ardmonack Armanson Armentio a River of France in Burgundy It rises by semur receives the Brenne passes by Tonnere and falls into the Lionne nigh Auxerre Armenia major called by the Inhabitants Curdistan by the Georgians Armenioba a very large and well known Country of Asia being divided from the Georgians Mengrelians and Muscovites by the Mountains on the South by Mount Taurus from Mesopotamia and by Mount Niphate from Assyria on the West it has the Euphrates by which it is divided from Cappadocia and Armenia the Less The greatest part of it is under the Turks but a small part towards the East is under the Pâ—rsiâ—n In this Country both Euphrates and Tigris have their Fountains Armenia minor called now by some Aladuli by others Ac-coionlu is a part of Asia the Less and was heretofore a part of Capadocia bounded on the North by the Mengrelians and the Pontus or Euxine Sea on the South by Cilicia and Syria on the East by Armenia major and on the West by Cappadooia This whole Country is now under the Dominion of the Turks Armentiers Armentariae a Town of Planders upon the River Ley Legia which falls into the Schelde at Ghant This Town was the Theatre of great Actions during the former Wars and was left to the French by the Treaty of Aquisgrane who have had it ever since the Year 1668. It is a fair Town distant from Ghant 10 Miles and something less from Cambray Armes a Seigniory in the Province of Nivernois in France giving its name to a Noble Family there Armorica See Bretagne Armoy or Earmoy a Barony in the County of Cork and Province of Munster in Ireland â—nautes an errant vagabond People of Albania Arnay le Due Arnaeum Ducium a small Town in Burgundy in France 5 Leagues from Autun very agreeable Arnebourg a Town in the antient Marquisate of Brandenbourg upon the Elb ruined in the German Wars Arneda a City and Port upon the Pacifick Ocean in Peru in America The Land of Arnheim is a part of the Terra Australis discovered by the Hollanders to
the South of New Guiney Arnheim Arenacum one of the principal Cities of Guelderland and one of the States of Holland seated upon the Rhine which a little above it is divided into 2 Branches the Ysel to the East and the Rhine to the West it is a neat Town and has belonged to the United Provinces ever since the Year 1585. It lies 2 Leagues from Nimeghon the chief Town of Guelderland and 7 from Vtrecht Taken by the French in 1672. and deserted 2 years after the Fortifications of it being first demolished by them Arno Arnus a River of Tuscany in Italy which springeth from the Apponnine not far from the Head of Tiber and running West it obliquely passeth between Florence and Pisa From the Sea as far as Florence it is Navigable Arnon a River arising from the Mountains of Arabia which traverses all the Desart then falls into the Lake Asphaltites and divides the antient Seats of the Moabites from the Amorites God Almighty rendred the passage over it miraculously easie to the People of Israel Numb 21. 13 14. Arnsbourg the Capital City of the Island of Oesel in the Baltick Sea with a Castle under the Swedes Aroe Arren Aria an Island in the Baltick Sea under the King of Denmark dependent of the Dutchy of Sleswick Aromaia a Province of New Andaluzia in America near the mouth of the River Orenoque Arona a Town and Castle in the Milaneze in Italy upon a Lake belonging to the Family of the Borromeos The famous S. Charles Cardinal Borromeo Archbishop of Milan was born here Octob. 2. 1538. Arool a Town in Muscovy 40 Leagues from Moscow Arosen Arosia a City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal in Sweden It is the Capital of the Province of Westimania with a Fortress upon the Lake Meler Here Gustavus I. deseated Christiern II. about the year 1521. And in 1540. the States here assembled declared the Crown of Sweden Hereditary Arow Aarow a frank Town in the Canton of Bern in Switzerland upon the River Aar from whence it takes its name The Protestant Cantons are used to hold their Dyets here Arpaia Caudium a City heretofore now a Village in the further Principate in the Kingdom of Naples Near to it there is a very narrow defile for two Persons to pass betwixt two Mountains called Stretto d'Arpaio and formerly Furcae Caudinae where the Samnites having obliged the Roman Army under T. Vetrurius and Sp. Posthumius Consuls to render themselves upon discretion put them to the disgrace of passing under a Traverse of Pikes with Hands tyed disarmed and bare headed Arpaion an antient Barony in the Province of Rovergue in France erected into a Dutchy in 1651. Arpentras A City heretofore upon the Lake Lemane in Switzerland now a Village they call Vidy built out of the Ruins thereof Great numbers of antient Medals are found here Arpino Arpinum a Town and Castle in the Terra di lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples Caius Marius Seven times Consul was born here Cicero is Sirnamed Arpinas from hence it being but 3 Miles from the place of his Nativity Arques a Town in the Dutchy of Bar in France near the Meuse supposed to be the Birth-place of Joane of Arc the Maid of Orleans famous in the Reign of Charles VII Arques Arca a Village in Normandy in the païs de Caux upon the River Arques 2 Miles South from Diepe This place was made illustrious by a great Victory Henry IV. obtain'd there in the Year 1589. Arra a Barony in the County of Tipperary in Mâ—nster in Ireland Arracan Arracaon Arrachamum a considerable Kingdom and a City upon the River Martaban beyond the Ganges in the East Indees Arragon Aragonia a very large and indeed one of the three principal Kingdoms in Spain bounded on the North by Navarre and France from which last it is divided by the Pyrenees on the East it hath Catalonia on the West New and Old Castile and on the South it hath the Kingdom of Valentia This Kingdom was united to Castile in the Year 1479. Arran a Barony made up of four Islands upon the Coast of the County of Dungal in the Province of Vlsier And made an Earldom in 1661. in favor of Richard the Second Son of James Duke of Ormond These Islands lie in the Western Ocean Arran Arania Glotta an Island on the West of Scotland in Dunbritain Frith near Argile which was anciently an Earldom Arras Atrebatum Nemetocerna called by the Dutch Atrecht a great Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Rheims the Head City of the Earldom of Artois and stands upon the River Scarpe which flows also by Douay It is considerably well sortified and has a strong Castle it came into the hands of the French in 1640 and when the Spaniards 1654 attempted by force to retake it their Army was defeated the 25th of August of that Year since which time the French have peaceably enjoyed it This was one of the greatest Actions of Cardinal Mazarine and won him much Honor in France It is 15 Leagues from Tournay and 5 from Doway Arren See Aroe Arroux Arosius a River of Burgundy in France it rises by Amay le Duc passes by Autun and joyns the Loyre by Bourbon-Lancy Arsa Arsia a River of Istria which divides Italy from Illyrium It falls into the Adriatique near Pola Arsinoe a City of Cilicia in Asia Minor betwixt Antioch and Seleucia Arsinoe in Aegypt See Suez Arsinoe between Berenice and Ptolemais in Africa is a City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cyrene some say now called Trochara The Artients give us three more of this name in the Island of Cyprus whereof we have no farther account Arta or Larta a City of Epirus in Greece upon the River Acheron 15 Miles from the Sea and a days Journey from Ambracia Adorned with a Metropolitan See and a noble Church Artois Artesia bounded on the North with the Country of Flanders on the West and South with Picardy and on the East in part by Flanders in part by Hanalt and Cambray It lies in length from North to South 26 Leagues It was once the East part of Flanders but became a separate Earldom in 1198. and continued so till 1382. when it returned to the Earls of Flanders but at the Pyrenaean Treaty in 1659. and that of Nimeguen in 1678. it was intirely yielded to the French This was the Country of the antient Atrebates The Capital City of it is Arras Aru a City and Kingdom in the Isle of Sumatra in the East-Indies § Also an Island of Asia between the Moluccaes and New Guiney Arva called by the Germans Orova a Town in the Upper Hungary near the Confines of Poland towards the Carpathian Mountains upon the River Vag Vagus six Miles from Bistricz North which Town gives Name to a County Arva a rapid River of Savoy It springs out of the high Mountains of Fossigni and passing by Bonne Ville falls into the Rhosne at the
it Lepseck and Lasipio the Europeans Lampsaco It is now in a tolerable good Condition and the See of an Archbishop Xerxes King of Persia gave the Revenues of this City to Themistocles the Athenian in his Banishment to find him Wine It consists of about two hundred Houses inhabited partly by Turks partly by Christians It has a very fine Mosque whose Portico is supported by Red Marble Pillars the same was formerly a Christian Church as appears by the Crosses that yet remain on the Capitals of the Pillars This City has even at this day a great many fine Vineyards especially on the South-side fenced in with Pom granate Trees Wheeler p. 76. In the antient Roman Times the God Priapus was revered here In the Year of Christ 364 the Demi-Arrians in a Council at this City condemned the Forms of Faith that had been published by the Councils of Rimini and Constantinople confirming another made by the Council of Antioch in 341. There was also a second Synod assembled here about the Year 369. Lampura Selampura a City of India beyond Ganges mentioned by Ptolemy Lancashire Lancastria is a part of that Country which was of old possessed by the Brigantes This County has Westmorland and Cumberland on the North Yorkshire on the East Cheshire on the South and the Irish Sea on the West In length from North to South fifty seven Miles in breadth thirty two containing twenty six Market Towns sixty one Parishes and many Chappels of Ease equal for the multitude of Inhabitants to Parishes Watered with the Rivers Mersey Rible Son all three running from East to West into the Irish Sea and the first serving as a Boundary betwixt this County and Cheshire besides the great Lakes of Merton and Winder which last divides it from Westmorland Where the ground is plain and champaign it yieldeth good store of Wheat and Barley the foot of the Hills is fitter for Oats All is tolerably useful and good except the Mosses or Bogs which yet afford excellent Turffs for firing There is also Marle in many places and in some Trees are found under Ground which have lain there many Ages This County is a Palatinate and has many Royal Privileges belonging to it In the time of Henry of Bullingbroke afterwards King of England the fourth of that name and first of Lancaster the half of the Lands of Bohun Earl of Hereford Essex and Northampton being added to what before belonged to the Honor of this County which was then a Dukedom it became the richest Patrimony that was in the hand of any one Subject in Christendom and in that Prince's Person it was annexed to the Crown of England and never since granted to any Subject whatsoever Lancaster Alione Mediolanum Lancastria The Town which gives name to this County stands on the South Bank of the River Lunne or Lone from which it is supposed to be denominated five Miles from the Irish Seas and towards the Northern Bounds of the County It seems to Mr. Cambden to be the Longovicum of the Romans which was one of their Military Stations Not overmuch peopled and consequently not extraordinarily rich It has a small but fair and strong Castle built on a Hill near the River and one large fair Parish Church with a S one Bridge of five Arches over the River Lon. This Town in 1322. was burnt by the Scots in an inroad they made into England and although it is thereby removed into a better Situation yet it may be presumed to be the less at this day for that Calamity Of the House of Lancaster abovementioned Henry the Fourth Fifth Sixth and Seventh inherited the Crown of England The last of which marrying Elizabeth Daughter and Heiress to Edward IV. of the House of York united those two Houses of York and Lancaster whose competition for the Crown under the names of the Red and the White Roses had caused the effusion of more English Blood than was spent in the Conquest of France Lancaster stands in the Hundred of Loynsdale and returns to the Parliament two Burgesses Long. 20. 48. Lat. 54. 05. Lanceston or Launceston the County Town of Cornwall in the Hundred of East upon the banks of the little River Kensey not far from its fall into the Tamer Well inhabited marketed and traded It returns to the House of Commons two Burgesses Lanciano or Lansano Anxanum the capital City of the hither Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples and an Archbishop's See built five Miles from the Adriatick two from the River Saras now il Sangro about eighty from Naples to the North and a little more from Ancona to the South This City was raised to the Dignity of an Archbishoprick in 1562 and built as is supposed upon the Ruins of the antient Anxanum Long. 38. 55. Lat. 42. 27. Landaff Landava Landuvia a small City and Bishops See in Glamorganshire in Wales seated on the North side of the River Taff. over which it has a Bridge about three Miles from the Irish Sea to the North. The Cathedral and Bishoprick hereof was founded by S. Germanus and Lupus two Holy French Bishops who came twice into Britain to extinguish the Pelagian Heresie about the Year 522. They preferred Dubricius a holy Man to this new-founded See to whom Meuricke a British Lord freely gave all the Land that lies between the Taff and Eleâ— But this See has since met with others of a contrary temper who have reduced it to that Poverty that it is scarce able to maintain its Bishop The present Dr. William Beaw is the LXXVI Bishop consecrated in 1679. June 22. Many Synodal Constitutions we find in the Councils were made and published by the Bishops of this See in antient times Landaw Landavia a City of Germany in the Lower Alsatia in the Territory of Wasgow upon the River Queich in the Confines of the Palatinate of the Rhine four Leagues from Spire to the West Once an Imperial and Free City but by the Treaty of Munster yielded to the French who still have it L'andramiti Adramytium a City of Phrygia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ephesus called by the Europeans Andromiti by the Turks Endroinit in which word there is a further account of it Landrecy Landrecium a City in Hainault small but well fortified It is seated at the Fountain of the River Sambre Sabis six Leagues from Valenciennes to the North-East and two from the Borders of Picardy to the North. This has been made at once famous and miserable by the frequent Sieges it has suffered of late But by the Pyrenean Treaty it was put into the hands of the French The Emperor Charles V. besieged it in 1542. for six months with fifty thousand Men and retired from it at last without success The Lands End Antivestaeum Bolerium Ocrinum the most Western Cape or Promontory of England in the County of Cornwal Landshut Landshutum a City of Germany in the Lower Bavaria in the Marquisate of
the West which by the Indians was called Anahuac that is The Land by the Water It extends from fifteen deg of Latitude to twenty six exclusively in breadth six hundred Italian Miles in length twelve hundred The Air is very temperate tho situate wholly in the Torrid Zone by reason of the frequent Showers which fall in June July and August their hottest Months in the year and also by reason of the Sea Breezes It is abundantly inriched with inexhaustible Mines of Gold Silver Brass and Iron has great plenty of Coco-Nuts Cochineel Wheat Barley Oranges Limons Figs Cherries Apples and Pears Cattle and Fowl but it has few Grapes and no Wine Their Seed time is in April or May their Harvest in October in the Low Countries they sow in October and reap in May. This Kingdom had Kings of its own from 1332 to 1520 about two years before which Francis Cortez a Spaniard entered it with eleven Ships and five hundred and fifty Men by help of which he sacked the Town of Pontonchon defeated by his Cannon and Horse forty thousand naked Indians who came to revenge this Injury and in 1531 took the City of Mexico Aug. 13. and put an end to the Indian Empire The Provinces of this vast Kingdom are 1. Panuco 2. Mechuacan 3. Mexicana 4 Tlascala 5. Guaxaca And the 6. Jucatan Governed by a Viceroy under the King of Spain who from this Accession to his European Dominions uses the Royal Stile of Hispaniarum Rex Spalatro Salo Salona nova Spalatum Palatium Dioclesiani a City of Dalmatia called by the Italians Spalato by the Sclavonians Spla It is very strong rich and populous and an Archbishops See seated upon the Adriatick upon which it has a large and safe Haven thirty five Miles from Sebenico Long. 40. 54. Lat. 44. 00. This City grew up out of the Ruins of Salona which stood four Miles more to the North. And in 1420 destroyed an Army of the Turks which was sent against it The Learned Mr. Wheeler in his Travels pag. 15. has given a large account of the Site of this City and a little lower pag. 19. of the City of Salona the Mother of Spalato The Emperour Dioclesian was a Native of Salona who building himself a Palace in this place whence the name Spalatro might be occasioned by an easie corruption the other Salona grew by time neglected It is commanded by a Fortress upon an Hill without the Gate in which the Venetians keep the lesser Garrison because they make sure of the Fortress of Clissa by which the passage lies out of Turky to Spalatro The Walls of Dioclesian's Palace you have yet standing and the little Temple which he built in the middle of it has become the Cathedral Church It is situated in a fruitful Country Spalding a Market Town in the division of Holland in Lincolnshire and the Hundred of Ellow upon the Weland Well built and traded though not far from the Washes Spandow Spandava a City in the Marquisate of Brandenburgh upon the River Havel where it entertains the Sprehe two Miles beneath Berlin to the West and about six from Brandenburgh to the East well fortified yet taken by Gustavus Adolphus in 1631. Sparta See Misitra Spenderobi Spenderobis Spenderovia a City of Servia called by the Turks Semender by the Hungarians Sendrew or Zendrew and Zendrin by the Italians Sandria It is a Bishops See thought to be Ptolemy's Singidunum and stands about six German Miles from Belgrade to the East upon the Danube fourteen from Temesware to the South The Turkish Governour of Servia resides for the most part in this City Taken in this War by the Imperialists amidst their other Conquests in Hungary and retaken by the Turks by storm Sept. 1690. Spilâ—by a Market Town in Lincolnsh in the Hundred of Bulling brook Spinola a Seignory in the Neighbourhood of Montferrat the Milany and the States of Genoua in Italy Honoured with the Title of a Marquisate Spire Spira Nemetes Noviomagus Nemetus a City of Germany called by the Germans Speyr by the French Spire by the Italians Spira It is a Free and Imperial City in the Upper Circle of the Rhine in the Diocese of Spire but not subject to the Bishop This great rich populous City is Free but under the Protection of the Elector Palatine and the Bishop under the Archbishop of Mentz It stands in the middle between Strasburgh to the South and Mentz to the North fifty German Miles from either and fifteen from Heidelberg to the North-West The Imperial Chamber which was first instituted at Franckfort in 1495 by Maximilian I. In 1530 was by Charles V. removed to Spire and has been ever since in this City Of old called Nemetum and in 1082. being so far by its then Bishop enlarged as to inclose the Village of Spire neighbouring upon it took the Name of Spire The Cathedral was built in 1011 by Conrade the Emperour in which are the Tombs of eight of the German Emperours to wit Conrade II. who gave the Town of Brunchsol and all the Territory of Brutingow to this Bishoprick about the year 1030 Henry III. his Son who finished the Cathedral begun by his Father Henry IV. Henry V. Philip Rodolph I. Adolp of Nassaw and Albert I. The Emperours which granted Privileges to this City were Charles IV Rodolphus I. Albert Lewis Wenceslaus Frederick III. and Maximilian II. Near it Philip the Suabian beat Oâ—ho the Saxon in 1202. In a Diet here held in 1526 the Peace of Religion was first established which when it was endeavoured to be Repealed in a second Diet here held in 1529 several of the German Princes Protested against the Repeal and were thence called Protestants Jesses the first Bishop was present in the Council of Cologne in 346. This City was taken by Gustavus Adolphus who demolished all its Out-works because he was not willing to spare so many Men out of his Army as were necessary for a Garrison to it by which the Germans the more easily recovered it in 1635. It received a French Garrison in Sept. 1688 who have demolished it since The Imperial Chamber consists of fifteen Counsellors eight Roman Catholicks and seven Protestants two Presidents a Roman Catholick and a Protestant and the Bishop as the Principal Judge In 1675. the Elector of Treves succeeded to the Bishoprick Spiritu Sancto Spiritus Sanctus a small City which is the Capital of a Prefecture in Brasil under the Portuguese Sixty Spanish Leagues from the River Januario to the North and fifty from Porto Seguro to the South § There is a River in the Kingdom of Monomotapa in Africa which discharges itself into the Aethiopick Ocean at Cabo de S. Nicolo of this name called by the Portuguese Rio de lo Spiritu Santo Spirlinga a small Town in Sicily which was the only place in that Island innocent of that bloody and infamous Conspiracy called the Sicilian Vespers Spirnazza Panyasus a River of Macedonia which falls into the Adriatick Sea