being then .4 points to the Eastward of the Sunne whiche is 3. houres the same rule may they in like case obserue when the Moone is paste the full .3 days and .18 houres and also in the middes of the quarters Here followeth a table of Tides FIrst the Moone South or North on Landes ende full Sea. The Moone South and by East at the Gore ende full Sea. The Moone South southwest betwéene holy Iland and Tinemouth full Sea. It floweth betwéene Tinemouth and Flambrough head Southwest and Northeast Moone It floweth betwéene Flambrough head and Bridlington in the bay a South west and by West Moone The Moone in the West Southwest betwéene Bridlington and Laurenas full Sea. It floweth betwéene Laurenas and Cromer all along the well an East and West Moone It floweth betwéene Cromer and Yarmouth rode to Laystow North rode a Southeast Moone It floweth betwéene Laistowe rode and Orfordenas a Southeast and by South Moone It floweth betweene Orford and Orewel wands a South Southeast Moone It floweth betwéene the Nas the Ware head of Colne a South and by East Moone It floweth at the Spittes and at the Sheue and al alongst the Swinne a South Moone At the West end of the Norre a Southe and by West Moone full Sea. It floweth at Grauesend a South Southwest Moone It floweth at London Bridge a Southwest Moone It floweth at the North forlande a South Southeast Moone so alongst the coast till you come to Bechy And in the ofton from the North forland to the South forland it runneth halfe tide And frō the South forland to the Nas the tide runneth halfe tyde halfe quarter And from the Nas to the Fairely it runneth halfe tide and from Fairely to Beche it runneth quarter tide vnder other It floweth to the Weastward of Beche a kenning a Southeast and by South Moone It floweth at Portesmouth a Southe and by East Moone It floweth at S. Elens a South Southeast Moone It floweth on the Sea side of the Iland a Southeast and by South Moone and so on the Lande and at the Needles and runneth quarter tide in the oftonne It floweth at Poole in the hauen a Southeast Moone It floweth at Waymouth an East and West Moone It floweth at Portland a Southeast Moone It floweth from the Weaste parte of Portlande till you come vntoo Plymmouth an East and Weast Moone It floweth on the shoare from Plymmouth to the Lizard a West and by Southe Moone And in the oftonne a Southeast Moone It floweth at Mountes baye an East and Weaste Moone It floweth at Selly a West and by South Moone It floweth at the Landes ende of Goolfe a West Southwest Moone It floweth all alongst the coast vp to Bristowe and the coast of Ireland from Waterford to Kinsale a West and by South Moone Furthermore it floweth for the most part from the poll head of Burdeaux all alongst the coast of Biskey Galiza Portingale till you come to the straightes of Maliga a Southwest and Northeast Moone It floweth at Flushing a Southweast and by Southe Moone It floweth at Anwerp an East and west Moone It floweth all alongest the coast of Flaunders from the Wyldings to Calys a Southe and by East Moone and so runneth halfe a tide vnder the other Nowe heere is one speciall thyng too bée noted and that is thys it floweth one poynte of the compasse more in the Spring streames than it doothe in any of the quarters of the Moone so that it be a riuer where there is any indrafte hauing distaunce from the Sea when there is neyther rage of wyndes nor anye cause eyther too hinder or further the sayde effect As for example thus it floweth at Grauesend at the chaunge of the Moone or full a Southe Southwest Moone But in any of the quarters of the Moone it skante floweth a Southe and by West Moone and this is generally for euer The fourth Chapter treateth of the Sunne moones course in the Zodiack and hovv you shall knovv vvhat houres the Moone shall rise and set at and at what poynte of the compasse vvyth other necessarye thynges FVrthermore the Sunne by hys naturall moouing thoroughe the twelue Signes in the Zodiack in the yeare dothe cause the heigth and lowenesse of his declination whiche is necessarie for the Seafaring men to knowe in whiche declination they do take from equinoctiall to equinoctiall and this is to be noted that as the Sunne hathe declination so in like manner hathe the Moone for by hir declination and the Sunne is knowen the tyme of hir shyning or abiding aboue our horizon The Sunne or Moone in the firste minute of Aries do rise East and set West and shyne .12 houres In the first minute of Taurus they rise néere the Easte Northeast and set néere the West Northwest and shyne .14 houres In the signe of Gemini they rise neere the Northeast and by East and they set néere the Northwest and by West and shyne .16 houres In the signe of Cancer the firste minute they make their greatest declination to the Northwards and they rise neer the Northeast and set neere the Northweast and shyne néere .17 houres In the fyrste minute of Leo discending towardes the equinoctiall as they dyd in Gemini And in the signe of Virgo as they dyd in Taurus And in the firste minute of Libra equinoctiall beginning South declination as in Aries And in the fyrste minute of Scorpio they rise néere the Easte Southeast and sette néere the Weast Southweast and shyne .10 houres In the fyrste minute of Sagittarius they rise neere the Southeast and by East and set néere the Southwest and by weast and shyne .8 houres In the fyrste minute of Capricornus they haue their greatest declinatiō to the South and begin to returne to the equinoctiall rising neere the Southeast and setting néere the Southwest and shyne more than .7 houres In the firste minute of Aquarius as in Sagittarius In the firste minuts of Pisces as in Scorpio Nowe by this rule you may knowe the rising and setting of the Moone for euer as thus I haue shewed you before in the shifting of the Sunne and Moone that for euery day of the age of the Moone the Moone goeth Eastward one point .3 minuts in .2 days .2 points and .6 minuts c. Nowe when you list to knowe the very houre and time of hir rising Looke howe many dayes the Moone is olde then put so many points and so many .3 minutes and looke what it amounteth vnto Which for your better vnderstanding I will shew by example and first of the Moones being South by euery day of the age of the Moone The Moone being one daye olde is South at .12 of the clocke .48 minutes The Moone being .2 dayes olde is South at one of the clocke .36 minuts in the after noone Three days old South at 2. of the clock .24 minuts .4 days olde at .3 of the clock .12
vnto the shore shall be two times and a halfe the distance If .3 points asunder then the distance vnto the shoare shall be once the distance and a halfe If .4 pointes asunder the same distance shall be betwéene you and the shoare that is betweene the two markes If .5 pointes asunder then is it vnto the shore but .2 third partes of the distance betwéen the .2 places If .6 points asunder you being thwart of one of them then shall the distance vnto the shore be not halfe the distance between the .2 places And in al these cases before rehearsed the one place must be thwarte of you the other must be a head or sterne of you and so it is exacte and true As for ensample this I going alongest by any coaste do know before hand how the one place doth beare from the other besides this also I know the distance that is to say howe many leagues they be a sunder As for ensample the .2 places assigned beare Easte and West the one from the other I then knowing that they be 3. leagues asunder when I haue brought one of the places South or north of me do set them with my compasse the one being North of me and the other bearing North and by cast that is one point asunder Now the distance vnto the shore being .5 times the distance betwéen the .2 places which be .3 leagues asunder I knowe the shoare to be .15 leagues from me which if the places were but one league asunder should be but .5 leagues from the shoare Furthermore if the places be .2 pointes asunder that is to say the one North and the other North North then shall the distance vnto the shoare be 7. leagues and a halfe from me Wheras if the .2 places were but a league asunder it shuld be but .2 leagues a half vnto the shore And furthermore if the places be .3 points asunder that is to say the one North and the other Northeast by north the distance vnto the shore shal be .4 leagues a half wheras if the .2 places were but one league asuÌ„der vnto the shore it should be but a league a half If .4 points asunder that is to say if the one place be due North and the other place Northeast theÌ„ it is vnto the shore .3 leagues iust If but one league asunder then but one league vnto the shore Moreouer if the 2. places be .5 points asunder that is to say the one north and the other Northeast by East then the distance vnto the shore shall be but .2 leagues whereas if the .2 places were but one league asuÌ„der vnto the shore shuld be but .2 miles Last of al if the .2 places be .6 pointes asunder that is to say the one north and the other east north-northeast then it shall not be a league and a halfe vnto the shore c. But if you come directly to the land wards hauing no cause to be thwart of none of those known places then to know how far you be from the lande you must do as is by the places before spokeÌ„ of For if you go in due north the one place being north by west the other north and by east then the .2 places being 3. leagues asunder you shall be .7 leagues and a half from the shore so that if you runne into the shore due north vntill they be .4 poynts asunder that is to say the one north northwest and the other north northeast then it shall be vnto the shore .3 leagues and 3. quarters And furthermore you still running in due north till the .2 places be .6 pointes asunder that is to say the one place to be northweaste and by north and the other place to be northest by north the distance vnto the shore shall be .2 leagues and a quarter And again if you runne in due north vntill they be .8 pointes asunder that is to say the one place northweast and the other north-northeast then the distance vnto the land or shore shall be but half the distance betwéen the .2 places that is but one league and a half Lastly if you run to the land due north vntill the .2 places be .10 points asunder that is to say the one place northweast and by weast and the other north-northeast and by east then the distance vnto the shore shall be but one third part of the distance betweene the .2 places that is but one league from the land c. Thus much haue I saide as touching the bearing of the lande from you by the points of the compasse to know the distance or how farre the land is of which is very necessary for Seamen to know for diuers considerations as I sayd before If now therefore you knowe not howe one headland doth beare from another doe thus In running alongst the coast when you sée the appearing of any lande one before another set them with your coÌ„passes and looke how they beare from you by what point of the compasse and so shall you know iustly how the one lande doth beare or lye from the other And by this order you may correct your plats by doing this as often as you sée .2 notable places togither as Ilands rocks headlands mouthes of hauens sandes or what soeuer else be worthy of noting this done as often as you do sée them togither set them with your compasse that wil shew you most certainly that so they do beare the one from the other You may know the distance in like maner betwéene them if you knowe your ships way as thus wheÌ„ you first sée any .2 places togither as .2 headlands or .2 Ilands hauing set them with your compasse and knowing how the one beareth from the other then for that you wil not come neare vnto them you do hale off from the land vntill that you haue brought your selfe farre inough off at youre discretion and when you be thwart of the firste headland set the other land and consider howe it â—eareth from you then recken your ships way how many leagues the shippe might goe vntill you come thwarte of the other headlande kéeping your course along as the .2 headlandes beare and so shall you both knowe the distance betwéen the .2 places and also how farre you be off from them In like maner hauing consideration of the distance betwéene the other places that you haue obserued both by your compasse and also by the shippes way you may know how farre it is to the shore going right to the lande wardes by your crosse staffe although you knowe not the distance betwéen any two places As thus take the widenesse betwéen any two places with your crosse staffe bearing right to the land wardes and then remoue the crosse staffe or transitorie halfe the length of the transitorie that is to saye the end next vnto you and then by running in till the .2 ends of
shewe you the distance of time And first at S. Michaels Mount the Moone changeth rather than at London by 25. minuts Rather at Falmouth than at London by .20 mi. At Plimmouth rather than at London by .18 min. At South Hampton rather than at London by 5. minuts At Portsmouth rather than at Lon. by .4 minuts At Rye later than at London by one minute and ½ At Douer later than at London by .6 minutes and more At Canterburie later than at London by .5 minutes At Sandwich later than at London by .6 minuts Grauesend later than at London by one minute and a halfe Bristow rather than at London by .11 minutes Haruard rather than at London by 12. minutes Saint Dauids head rather than at London by 19. minutes Oxforde rather than at London by .4 minuts Cambridge later than at London by ⅔ partes of a minute Norwich later than at London by .5 minuts and more Lincolne later than at London by .2 minutes Welshpoole rather than at London by .16 minutes Westchester rather than at London by .10 minutes Hull later than at London by .4 minutes Yorke later than at London by ¼ of a minute Cockermouth rather than at London by .12 minutes Carelyle rather than at London by .9 minutes Newecastle later than at London by .2 minutes Barwicke later than at London by thrée minutes and more The cause why that it is called the chaunge of the Moone is for that the Moone chaungeth the sydes of the Sunne for before the change the Moone is on the West side of the Sun and after the chaunge the Moone is on the Easte side of the Sunne c. Nowe in like manner I thinke it necessarie to be spoken of the difference of the longest day in Sommer in euery seuerall Latitude through the whole Realme of England frō the Southermost part called the Lizard to the Northermost part in Scotlande and this is called the day from the Sunne rysing or appearing aboue the Horizon Firste at South Hampton the longest daye is .16 houres long .26 minutes the shortest .7 houres .54 minutes At London .16 houres .30 minutes longest .7 houres .30 minuts shortest At Lincolne .16 houres .45 minuts longest .7 hours 15. minutes shortest At Yorke the longest .17 houres the shortest .7 houres Newcastle the longest .17 houres .12 minutes the shortest .6 houres .48 minutes Barwicke the longest .17 houres .30 minutis the shortest .6 houres .30 minuts Edenborow in Scotlande the longest day in Sommer .17 houres .45 minuts the shortest day .6 houres .15 minutes Now Catnes point being the northermost part in all Scotlande the Pole being raised to .62 degrées there the longest day is .19 houres .30 minuts the shortest daye .4 houres .30 minutes Nowe this you doe consider loke what the longest day doth containe looke what that lacketh of .24 hours that is the shortest Winter day c. The eightenth Chapter or rule shevveth hovve to sayle by the Globe NOw to sayle by the Globe it is conuenient to be spoken of For that generally the most part of the seamen make their account as though the earth wer a platforme For they do not consider that the earth is a Globe and that the Meridians do growe narrower and narrower towards the .2 poles for it is vnpossible to drawe the face of the earth and the Sea true vpon a platforme for if you wil describe the lande true then shall not the Sea be true for as you go towardes the North partes your Meridians growe togither so as your lines or pointes be according to the arte of Hydrography for the Sea shall be broader to the North partes than it is Nowe and if you woulde describe the Sea true with lines courses distances hauens and daungers then shoulde your lande be broader to the North partes than it is As for ensāple thus Englande and Scotlande being both one Ilande in all your Cardes of Nauigation the North parte of Scotland is drawn much bigger than it is for otherwise the lines of South North shoulde not be according to the treating of the lande for if you viewe it well you shall finde the North ende of Scotlande much more in distance than it is As you may see in measuring it by the trunke of youre carde there For youre better vnderstanding I will shewe you the compasse of the earth vnder sundrye Paralels or Circles howe many myles the earthe doth contayne in compasse Fyrst vnder the Equinoctiall where the earthe is at the greatest compasse in going directly Easte or Weaste that is by a ryghte line ouer Sea and Lande the two Poles being euen wyth your Horizon you haue .21600 myles to come to the place you departed from Vnder the Tropicke of Cancer the North Pole being raysed .23 degrées .28 minutes going directly East West it is .19800 miles in compasse in our artick circle of London wher the pole artick is raised .15 deg 32. minuts going East west it is .13320 myles in compasse then vnderneath the Polare circle where the Pole is raysed sixtie sixe degrees thirtie two minutes it is .8460 miles in compasse By this you sée that the compasse of the East and Weast lyne comming from the Equinoctiall is muche lesser to the North wardes than it is to the South wardes Wherefore when you shall haue any occasion to attempte any voyage to the North parts it is best to sayle by a Globe for so shall you better see the distances and bignesse of the landes and in like manner your lines and courses In this order fyrste according to the accustomed manner kéepe a perfitte accounte and reckoning of the waye of the shippe by what lyne or poynte your Shippe hathe made hir waye good then muste you resorte to youre Globe After that consider what place and Paralell you be in whiche you maye doe by the Sunne by daye and by the Starres by nyght Nowe knowing what place and Paralel you be in sette youre Globe to the eleuation of youre Pole that doone turne to the place of youre Zenith and seeke the opposite of it in your Paralell for then you knowe that in the same Paralell is youre Easte and Weaste lyne that had the iuste quarter of that circle to the Pole muste be deuided into the eight pointes of your compasse doing so likewise on the other side In like case if you come to the Southwards deuide your .8 wyndes from your Antarticke Pole to youre Paralell circle and thus must you doe euer and anon for the oftner you do obserue this custome the better perfiter shal your course be Now thus briefly I make an end of the sayling by the Globe But for them that do occupie the Southparts nothing is better than their cardes Bycause I haue declared vnto you the length of certayne of the Paralels what myles the Earth doth contayne in compasse vnder them now wil I shew you how many myles distance is between euery one
pointes containe .24 houres that is to say one point containeth .3 quarters of an hour .45 minutes and .2 pointes one houre and a halfe .4 pointes .3 houres 8. poyntes .6 houres .12 poyntes .9 houres .16 poyntes .12 houres and so to the rest of the poyntes And euery houre contayneth .60 minutes and euery halfe houre .30 minutes and euery quarter of an houre .15 minutes and after that rate .45 minutes maketh thrée quarters of an houre ¶ The second Chapter or rule treateth of the Golden number or Prime shewing the Epacte and by the Epacte to knowe the Age of the Moone IT is necessary and conuenient for the Seafaring men to knowe the Prime or Golden number for by the Golden number is knowne the Epacte and the Epacte sheweth the age of the Moone or chaunge day within .12 houres vnder or ouer and by the age of the Moone you may know at what a clocke it doth flowe in any place that you doe knowe what Moone doth make a full Sea therefore it is méete too know the Epacte and that is knowne by the Pryme or Golden number The cause why it was called the Golden number was bycause it was sent out of Egypte in letters of golde too the Romaines or Citie of Rome The cause why that it is called the Pryme was for that it was the first order that the Moones course was known by and it is thus knowne Adde one to the yeare of our Lord that you would knowe the Golden number or Pryme of then deuide the number by .19 the remainer is the Pryme and multiply that by .11 and looke what the number commeth vnto deuide that by .30 the remayner is the Epact Then when you haue once the Epact adde .11 to your Epact for euery yere more and looke what that commeth to that is your Epact and if it do passe .30 put that away and keepe the remainer for your Epact And thus this rule will serue for euer sauing when the Pryme beginneth at one for then the Epacte is .11 and then doe as aforesayde as you may perceyue by this table héere following ¶ The Table of Pryme and Epacte for .19 yeares and vvhen those .19 yeares be ended then beginne againe and so it will serue for euer c. The yere of the Lorde Pryme Epact 1574 17 7 1575 18 18 1576 19 29 1577 1 11 1578 2 22 1579 3 3 1580 4 14 1581 5 25 1582 6 6 1583 7 17 1584 8 28 1585 9 9 1586 10 20 1587 11 1 1588 12 12 1589 13 23 1590 14 4 1591 15 15 1592 16 26 THe Prime or Golden number is the time of .19 yeares in the which time the Moone maketh all hir chaunges or coniunctions with the Sunne and when all these .19 yeares be expired then she beginneth againe as for example This yeare being the yeare of our Lord .1574 she chaunged the .22 day of March and euery yere doth alter .11 days of hir change till the yere .1593 and then she chaungeth the sayd .22 daye of March againe as I shewed you before The Epacte is the putting to .11 for euery yeare Nowe furthermore to knowe the age of the Moone do thus take the number of the Epact for your yere beginning at March alwayes and recken how many monthes it is from March counting March for one then recken howe many dayes of the moneth it is in whiche you would knowe the age of the Moone Then put all your numbers togither that is to say your Epacte your moneth from March and euery day of the moneth then looke howe many it amounteth vnto that is the age of the Moone but if it passe .30 throwe all the .30 away and kéepe that that will not be .30 for when the age of the Moone is iust .30 then is it the chaunge daye and if it be the fiftéenth daye of the age of the Moone then the Moone is at the full When the age is betwéene seuen dayes and eight then is the first quarter And if it be .xxij. dayes olde then the Moone is at the laste quarter as for example this yeare .1574 I looke and finde the Epacte .7 for the yeare nowe I woulde knowe the age of the Moone the .13 daye of Iune Nowe I recken how many monthes it is from March reckning March for one and I finde it is foure monethes then I take and adde all these togyther that is to say seuen for the Epacte and foure for the monethes that is to say March Aprill May Iune and then .13 for the dayes of the moneth and all commeth to .24 So that you may conclude that the Moone is .24 days olde and was at the last quarter two dayes before ¶ The thirde Chapter or rule treateth hovv to knovv by the age of the Moone what houre it dothe flowe or is full Sea at any place where you doe knowe what Moone maketh a full Sea. NOwe by the age of the Moone you may knowe at what houre it floweth in any place where you do know what Moone maketh a full Sea whiche rule commonly the Sea men cal the shifting their Sunne and Moone and many wayes there be too doe it for thus they may doe it Let them deuide one houre into .5 parts and thē take .4 of those parts and put the fifth part away that serueth for the alteration of 24. houres the foure fift parts of an houre are .48 minuts and the .5 part of an houre is .12 minuts A floud and an ebbe dothe alter .24 minuts forwards as this for example it floweth at .12 of the clocke at the Lands end vpon the chaunge day the Moone being in the South at all times a full Sea ▪ The Moone being one day old it floweth at .12 of the clocke 48. minuts .2 dayes olde it floweth at one of the clock .36 minuts .3 days old it floweth at .2 of the clock .24 minuts four dayes old it floweth at .3 of the clocke .12 minuts fiue dayes old it floweth at .4 of the clocke iust Sixe dayes old it floweth at .4 of the clocke .48 minuts Seuen dayes old at .5 of the clocke .36 minuts Eight dayes old at .6 of the clocke .24 ▪ minuts Nine dayes old at .7 of the clocke .12 minuts Ten dayes old it floweth at .8 of the clocke iust Eleuen dayes old at .8 of the clocke .48 minuts 12. dayes .9 of the clocke .36 minuts 13. dayes old .10 of the clocke .24 minuts 14. days old it floweth at .11 of the clocke .12 minuts 15. dayes old it floweth at .12 of the clock iust then being the full Moone and so begin againe as you did before at one day old and so foorth For the course of the tides is nothing else but to adde for euery day◠of the age of the Moone one houre pulling backe the fifth par◠of an houre being .12 minuts and by this accompt you maye at all times knowe at what a clocke
the transitorie doe agrée with the two markes you shall be halfe way to the shore then looke howe farre the shippe hath gone in that time for the same distance is vnto the land frō the ship But if you remoue the transitory but a quarter the length of the transitorie to youwards then at the place wher the end of the transitorie doth agrée with the .2 markes shall be one quarter of the distance betwéene the shore you at the first obseruation it shall be .3 times that quantitie vnto the shore c. And to know the ships way some do vse this which as I take it is very good they haue a pece of wood a line to vere out ouer borde with a small line of a great lengthe whiche they make fast at one ende and at the other ende and middle they haue a piece of a line which they make fast with a small thred to stande like vnto a crowfoote for this purpose that it should driue a sterne as fast as the shippe doth go away from it alwayes hauing the line so ready that it goeth out as fast as the shippe goeth In like manner they haue either a minute of an houre glasse or else a knowne part of an houre by some number of wordes or suche other like so that the line being vered out and stopt iuste with that time that the glasse is out or the number of wordes spoken which done they hale in the logge or piece of woode againe and loke howe many fadome the shippe hath gone in that time that being knowne what part of a league soeuer it be they multiplie the number of fadomes by the portion of tyme or part of an houre Whereby you may knowe iustly howe many leagues and partes of a league the ship goeth in an houre c. For an Englishe league doth containe .250 fadome And a spanish or portingale league doth contain .2857 fadomes c. ¶ The fiftenth Chapter or rule treateth of the Longitude c. NOwe some there be that be very inquistiue to haue a way to get the longitude but that is to tedious For this they must consider that the whole frame of the firmament is caried round from the east to the west in .24 hours so as ther remaineth neither light nor marke but goeth rounde sauing only the .2 poles of the world and these .2 stand alwayes fast But as I sayd before in the .9 rule of him that going South or North doth raise or lay the pole and in like case of the Equinoctiall altering his paralele and causing the light of the firmamēt to alter the time of their shining or abiding aboue our Horizon so he that goeth directly east or weast doth neither raise nor lay the pole so that still the lights of the firmamēt doth make one maner of arch according to their latitude or declination but the going East or Weast doth alter the Meridian causing the planets to haue their aspects at another hour or time altering the time of the changes of the moone also the time of the Eclipses which is necessary for all trauellers by Sea or by lande Therefore I thought it néedefull to be spoken of for as countries haue Latitude from the pole so in like manner they haue appointed Longitude Now therfore you may get the Latitude with instrumentes but the Longitude you must bring from another place which you can do but with a globe or else a mappe or card and then you must measure from the Meridian of the Canarie Ilands otherwise called the fortunate Ilandes And in oure Latitude of London euery .555 miles whiche conteineth .15 degrées wil aunswer to one houre of time and vnder the Equinoctiall .900 miles to .15 degrées the degrées be as long as the degrées of Latitude but towards the pole fewer and fewer till they come to nothing vnder the .2 poles And nowe .37 miles which are at London will aunswer to one degree of our Latitude at .51 or .52 degrées of eleuation of the pole but the cause why the Longitude was fetched from the Canarie Ilands I know not but it was as I suppose bycause it was then the westermost place then knowen for Ptholemeus was the firste that ordeyned that rule Nowe furthermore bycause you shall knowe the better I would draw out certain of the chéefest places about thys Realme of England both their Longitude and Latitude by which you shall know what manner of Arch the Sun with the other lights dothe make and also by the Longitude you may know at what time the Moone with any of the Planets doth make any aspect Besides this the Eclipses of the Sun or Moone with the chaunge quarters and full Moone by a true and exact Ephemerides through all England to knowe the verie true houre and minute of the time of the diameter considering for what Longitude or place your Almanacke was made And now to get the Longitude you may do it at the time of the Eclipse of the Moone for that the Eclipses of the Moone be generall so that she being aboue your Horizon in any place vpon the superficiall parts of the earth or Sea considering as I said before by your Almanacke at that time when the Eclipse should happen the very houre and minute knowing also the place that your Almanacke was made for that done according to this rule with a precise instrument you shall take the alteration of the time with the houre and minute of the Eclipse And furthermore you might know your Longitude with the Ephemerides by the coniunction of the Moone with other fixed Starres if it were not for one great infirmitie and that is the paralex of the Moone whiche the semidiametre of the earth doth cause by the néerenesse of the Moone vnto the earth wherefore I woulde not any Sea men shoulde be of that opinion that they mighte get anye Longitude with instrumentes Therefore let no Sea men trouble themselues with anye such rule but according to their accustomed manner let them kéepe a perfite accompt and reckening of the way of their shippe whether the shippe goeth to lewards or makith hir way good considering alwayes what thinges be against them or with them as tides currents winds or such like As for the rule of Longitude it followeth in the next Chapter The .16 Chapter sheweth how many miles vvill aunsvver to one degree of Longitude in euery seuerall Latitude betweene the Equinoctiall and any of the a poles with the demonstration for that purpose and the diuersities of aspectes of the Moone NOw by this rule shal I teach you how many miles wil answer to one degree for euery seuerall Latitude to any of the .2 poles either articke or antarticke And first vnder the Equinoctiall the .2 poles being euen with the Horizō 60. miles do answer to one degrée as I said in the .15 rule And now shall follow the rest Where the poles be raised .21