in Four and twenty years service before he was unfortunately slain Inq. capta apud Wenlok in Com. Sal. 18. Octob. an 25 H. 6. at Chastillon upon Dordon near Bourdeaux Anno 1453. the 20th day of July in the year 31 of H. 6. An. 1453. together with his son John Viscount Lisle Sir Edward Hall and many other Gentlemen of Name The Duke of York still labouring to disgrace the Duke of Somerset with the Commons Anno 1454. at last so far prevails that in the Queens Chamber he was arrested whereupon the King lying dangerously sick at Clarendon is by her means brought to London where by dissolving the Parliament he set Somerset at liberty again and constituted him Captain of Calais and Guisnes the only remainder now left in France upon this York with a strong party marcheth towards London The first Battel of St Albans Anno 1455. and at St Albans the King with the Dukes of Somerset and Buckingham and others and an Army of 8000 Men meets him where the 22 of May An. 33 H. 6. 1455. both Armies joining Battel on the Kings party were slain Edmond Duke of Somerset Henry Earl of Northumberland Humphrey Earl Stafford and Thomas Lord Clifford and about 5000 others the King shot in the Neck with an Arrow Humphrey Duke of Buckingham and Thomas Lord Scales in the Faces Henry Beaufort Earl of Dorset so wounded that in a Cart he was forced to be carried away The whole Army thus defeated the King fled to a poor house near-hand whereof the Duke of York having notice with the Earls of Salisbury and Warwick the Father and Son came to him on their knees humbly craving his Royal Pardon declaring now since the common Enemy was dead they had no more to require whereunto the King affrighted answered Let there be no more killing and I 'll do what you 'l have me Whereupon the Duke in the Kings name commanding a Cessation of Hostility King Henry is conveighed to London and on the 9th of July Anno 1457. An. 1457. Polyd. Viâ—â— in H. 6. A Parliament is called at Westminster wherein Richard Duke of York is made Protector of the Kings Person Richard Nevil Earl of Salisbury Lord Chancellor and Richard Nevil Earl of Warwick Captain of Calais But these proceedings not at all pleasing to Queen Margaret she labours with the Lords of her party that the King take again the power into his own hands Salisbury to be displaced and summoned with York and Warwick to appear before the Council Table at Greenwich which Summons the Lords disobeyed affirming that no power could call them to account whereupon the Queen seeking to accomplish that by policy which she could not obtain by force adviseth the King for his healths sake to make a progress into Warwickshire and from thence invites the Triumviri of Richards by kind Letters to meet her at Coventry intending to surprize them But here again they failed her expectation the Duke going to his Castle of Wigmore the Earl of Salisbury to Middleham in the North and the Earl of Warwick to his Government at Calais The King not knowing of this Plot of the Queen against the Duke of York and his Friends returns to London where calling a Council of himself he proposeth an accommodation between all Parties which by Mediation of the Reverend Archbishop of Canterbury is agreed on and ratified under the Great Seal for which a Solemn Procession was made at St Pauls in March An. 36 H. 6. at which the King was present with his Crown on his head before him went Henry Beaufort Duke of Somerset and Richard Nevil Earl of Salisbury hand in hand so likewise John Holand Duke of Exceter and Richard Nevil Earl of Wawick and so one Competitor with another After the King followed the Queen led by the Duke of York with shew of a perfect reconciliation but on all sides dissembled as afterwards appears upon this small occasion A Servant of the Earl of Warwick falling out with a Courtier wounded him whereupon the Earl as he came from the Council is set upon by the Kings Servants where Warwick defending himself hurt some more of them and by Water escaped into London from whence the Queen commanded him to be sent to the Tower which he foreseeing fled into Yorkshire where he acquaints the Duke of York and his Father the Earl of Salisbury with the Queens malice against them advising them to stand upon their guard whilst himself being Admiral hastes to Calais taking all the Kings Ships which he could get in a readiness and in his passage makes Prize of two Spanish Carricks which upon their unlading at Calais Rob. Fabin he found to be worth 10000 pounds In the mean time Salisbury with 5000 Men marcheth through Lancashire towards the King to inform him of those indignities the Queen had put upon his son whereof the Queen having notice sent James Touchet Lord Andley with a force raised in Cheshire and Shropshire to intercept him which upon Blore Heath Battel of Blore Anno 1458. near Muckelton endeavouring to do he is there slain with 2400 of his company This done York no longer concealing his design with Salisbury takes the Field to whom from Calais repairs Warwick bringing with him most of the Forces there with two eminent Soldiers John Blount and Andrew Trollop the King likewise with the Dukes of Somerset and Exceter draws to Worcester from whence the Bishop of Salisbury is sent to the Yorkists with a general Pardon to all that would submit who returned this Answer That the Kings Indempnity signified little so long as the Queens predominant Power in all things so overswayed him whereupon the same being again offered to all that would come into the King Trollop was the first that accepted it from whom all the Duke of York's designs are discovered Grafton Chron. which so much discouraged the Duke that with his youngest son Edmond Earl of Rutland he flies into Ireland Edward Earl of March his eldest son with the Earls of Salisbury and Warwick into the County of Devon where by means of one John Dynham an Esquire they all got shipping and fled to Calais Thus was Henry once more absolute King and Somerset made Captain of Calais whereof being sent to take possession he is shot at from the Risebank and forced to retire upon which the Queen giving order that the Kings Ships then lying at Sandwich should be made ready they are boarded by the said Dynham and brought to Calais together with Richard Woodvile Earl Rivers their intended Admiral from whence Salisbury sets sail for Ireland and after some consultation with the Duke of York returns again the Kings Admiral the Duke of Exceter not daring to intercept him Warwick though opposed by Sir Simon Monford whom he took Prisoner lands at Sandwich and ransacks it and upon his return hearing of the good inclinations the Kentish Men had to him landed there again and by
much good is proposed for that sad Prince Anno 1465. he miserably wandring in disguise from one place to another was at last discovered and taken in Yorkshire from whence with his Legs tyed under the Horse-belly he is carried towards London but by the way is met by the Earl of Warwick by whom though now privately his best Friend he is committed to the Tower together with Dr. Manning Dean of Windsor Dr. Beadle and one Ellerton all taken in company of King Henry Richard Earl of Warwick having spent the last year in the forgeing of his designs Anno 1468. and now beginning to stir sends to his two Brothers the Archbishop and the Marquis who in Yorkshire presently raise a commotion against whom King Edward sending William Herbert Earl of Pembroke The Battel of Hedgecot or Banbury with an Army of Welsh Edward Hall f. 20â— b. who having in a first Encounter at Hedgecote slain Sir Henry Nevil and being now upon the point of Victory one John Clapham a Servant of the Earl of Warwicks came in with 500 Country Fellows and displaying his Lords Banner on which was painted his white Bear cryed a Warwick a Warwick which the Earls party hearing turned their backs and were to the number of 5000 slain the Earl of Pembroke himself and Sir Richard Herbert his Brother having fought bravely were made Prisoners John Stows Annals and at Banbury beheaded Whereupon the Northamptonshire Men under the conduct of Robin of Riddsdale rising with the Rebels came to Grafton where they seizâ—d upon Earl Rivers Father to the Queen with his son Sir John Widevile brought them to Northampton and there took off their heads upon which the Earl of Warwick joined them but hearing of King Edwards approach with a numerous Army he with George Duke of Clarence his Son-in-Law retreat Northwards keeping King Edward in suspence with Proposals of Accommodation till at last near Warwick they surprize him in his Bed and send him Prisoner to the Archbishop of York at Midelham from whence not long after he made his escape and got to York and thence to Lancaster where with the Lord Hastings raising some Forces he came to London Warwick and Clarence upon this preparing to raise more Forces by intermediation of some Lords an Interview with Oaths of security on both sides taken is agreed on to be in Westminster Hall between King Edward and his Brother Clarence with the other discontented Lords which came to nothing but parting worse friends than they met the King removes to Canterbury and the Duke and Earl to Warwick which they take in their way to Lincolne where Sir Robert Wells with their Forces under his command was appointed to meet them whom leaving there they depart Northward to raise more during which time King Edward sends to the Lord Wells Edward Halle in an 9 E. 4. together with his Son-in-Law Sir Thomas Dymock to come before him who fearing the worst took sanctuary but upon the Royal Word for safety they appeared whereupon the King commanding the Lord Wells to write to his son Sir Robert to forsake the Earls party he did accordingly but not prevailing they were both beheaded whereof Sir Robert Wells having advice The Battel of Stamford or Loosecoate field 1470. and that King Edward in the head of a great Army was advanced to Stamford he to revenge his Fathers death though he knew himself too weak adventured to give the King Battel where he being taken Prisoner lost the day with 10000 men and his head into the bargain The sad news of this defeat quickly put Warwick and the Confederate Lords upon consultations for their safety who thereupon at Dartmouth take shipping for Calais where they are denied entrance by Vawclere the chief Captain Phil. Comines l. 3. cap. 4. from whence therefore weighing anchor for Normandy they take in their passage several rich ships of Burgundy and land in France and being assisted by that King they not long after land at Dartmouth again and march Northward whom King Edward pursuing finding few that willingly adhered to him and what flocking there was from all parts to the Earl of Warwick at Nottingham forsakes his Army and with his Brother the Duke of Glocester and the Lord Hastings comes to Lyn where finding two Holland Vessels and one English ready to sail they with about 700 men go on board them and stand over for the Coast of Flanders Upon this the Duke of Clarence and Earl of Warwick march to London and Queen Elizabeth from the Tower removes to sanctuary at Westminster and is there delivered of her son Prince Edward when Warwick entring the Tower with John Earl of Oxford and Jasper Earl of Pembroke remove King Henry now nine years a Prisoner to his own Lodgings from whence King Henry is restored October 6 they rode in triumph with him through London to the Bishops Place where he rested till the 13th on which day he went in Procession Crowned to St Pauls presently after which a Parliament is called at Westminster wherein King Edward is declared a Usurper his Brother the Duke of Glocester a Traitor and both their Inheritances confiscated to King Henry About this time Jasper Earl of Pembroke going into Wales found there the Lord Henry son to Margaret daughter and heir of John Beaufort the first Duke of Somerset not then above ten years old and fostred with the Lady Herbert him the Earl brought away with him to King Henry of whom the King spake prophetically to this purpose Much striving there is between us but this is he to whom both Wee and our Adversaries must submit when at that time many of both Houses were alive to precede him Shortly after this Anno 1471. King Edward being furnished with 18 tall ships 200 Dutch men and 50000 Florens of Gold by means of the Duke of Burgundy lands at Ravenspur in Yorkshire from whence coming to York and finding there cold entertainment he thinks it best to change his pretence and in imitation of his Father who in like manner no less than thrice forswore himself there took his Oath receiving the Sacrament upon it that he only came to recover his Inheritance meaning perhaps the Crown as some will say to save him from Perjury in every place where he came Proclaiming King Henry himself and wearing an Estrich Feather which was Prince Edwards Livery by this means and the return of the Duke of Clarence to his Loyalty he came to London and is there joyfully received of the Citizens who deliver King Henry into his hands Warwick being upon his march also towards London Richard Grafton fol. 217. had this bad news at St Albans and thereupon advances to Barnet upon the 13th of April being Easter Eve where King Edward having King Henry there a Prisoner with his Forces gave him the meeting so that upon Easter day in the morning began that terrible Fight called Barnetfield Battel of
flew up and down through divers Counties and gained a considerable Body together and the King himself moves though with a slower pace and had gotten a great number wherewith marching to Shrewsbury a place of great concernment as being the inlet to Wales He there orders a Mint to Melt down the Plate which was largely contributed by the Gentry Robert Berty Earl of Lindsey is chosen General for the King and the general Rendezvous of His Forces was appointed at York Robert Deverenx Earl of Essex General for the Parliament appointed a Rendezvous of all their Forces at Northampton being about 20000 Horse and Foot The King with an Army of about 14000 Foot and 4000 Horse and Dragoons came on Saturday the 22d of October within six Miles of Keynton and quartered His Army at Crepreda and Edge-hill The Battel of Edge-hill 1642. The Earl of Essex quartered at Keynton with his Army and on Sunday the 28th both Armies draw up in Opposition the King having the advantage of a high Hill called Edge-hill at the foot of which was the Vale of the Red Horse where Essex his Army was ranged in Battalia upon a rising Ground on the Right Wing were three Regiments of Horse commanded by Sir Philip Stapleton Sir William Balfore and the Lord Fielding Sir John Meldram commanded the Van the General Colonel Hollis and the Lord Brook in the Rear on the Left Wing were twenty Troops of Horse commanded by Sir James Ramsey The Earl of Lindsey was General for the King but the Battel was Ordered by the Lord Ruthen Earl of Forth who on foot lead the main Body of the Army with a Pike in his Hand The Forlorne on the Kings side was commanded by Major Blackstake and Captain Hamond who being come down to the bottom of the Hill engaged the Sedentaries Forlorn Prince Rupert General of the Horse commanded the Right Wing charged furiously the Enemies left Wing and routed them pursuing them to Keynton Town took the Carriages the Earls Wa gons and Cloak bag being too eager of the Plunder The Earl of Lindsey too adventurous was mortally wounded and by reason of the absence of Prince Rupert the Kings main Body was assaulted with great fury and his Standard lost Sir Edmond Varney the Standard Bearer being killed which was afterwards retaken by Sir John Smith Knighted therefore The Foot on both sides fight with equal Valor until night by which they were parted Both Armies continue in the Field all night the Victory being much disputed for there were real Signs of Victory on both sides by the taking of Ensigns and Cannon of equal number and although the Parliament lost more Men yet the King lost more Men of Quality the number of the slain being computed to be between 5 and 6000. Essex removing Westward the King comes to Colbrook where the Earls of Northumberland and Pembroke with some of the Commons Present him with a Treaty but because Sir John Eveling was one of the Commissioners who had been proclaimed Traitor at Oxford the King would not accept it which so distasted the Sedentaries that they Voted it a refusal of the Kings to admit of a Treaty and send to acquaint the City therewith Notwithstanding within a few days after upon the removal of that Instrument Eveling the King accepted of the the rest But all signified nothing for by this time Essex being come to London and having increased his Army with Apprentices and several other licentious Persons came marching towards Him which His Majesty met at Brainford where the 13th of November another cruel Fight was engaged in the Kings Party having the better which if well followed Brainford Fight the business had been happily ended But the next day many more Forces from London appearing the King withdrew from thence to Oatlands so to Reading and thence to Oxford December the 15th Colonel Goring landed with the Queens Standard and some Store of Ammunition in the North and joining with the Earl of Newcastle at York they proclaim Fairfax and his Son Sir Thomas Traitors and take Leeds Another Treaty is intended and presented to the King at Oxford in which was proposed a Cessation of Arms. Mean while the Queen lands at Bridlington having been pursued and shot at by the Earl of Warwick's Ships from whence by the Marquis of Mountross She was conveyed to York and there honourably received by the Earl of Newcastle where She begins to model her Army And now to the assistance of their Brethren at Westminster came in the Scots who near Newcastle pass the Tyne into Yorkshire against the Earl of Newcastle and the Queens Army Upon this the Sedentaries recall their Commissioners from the Treaty at Oxford the 15th of April denying to subscribe to the Kings most reasonable Proposals In the beginning of March the Lord Brook passing by Stratford-upon-Avon falls upon and defeats the Kings Forces commanded by Colonel Croeker and Lieutenant Colonel Wagstaff and from these marching to Lichfield encounters the Earl of Chesterfield who knowing the City to be indefensible retires into the Close where Brook attempting to follow receives a mortal shot in the Eye however his Soldiers took the place but were shortly after there besieged by Spencer Compton Earl of Northampton to whose relief Sir John Gell and Sir William Brereton advancing were sufficiently beaten though the gallant Earl in the Encounter lost his life The Place within a few days after was taken by Prince Rupert The 26th of April Anno 1642. Reading was treacherously yielded to Essex by Colonel Fielding after it had been bravely defended by Sir Arthur Aston and the 23d of May the Queen is Voted a Traitor by the Sedentaries for her love so exemplarily expressed to the King Her Husband Many Encounters happen in the West between Sir Ralph Hopton for the King and Sir George Chudley for the Juncto with various success In May this year Robert Yeomans and George Bourcher were executed at Bristoll for endeavouring the surrender of that City to the King which was followed by the death of that grand Fomenter of this unnatural Rebellion Mr. John Pim. Mr. John Hamden such another was at this time slain at Tame where Prince Rupert encountring the Buckinghamshire Forces routed them Several Conflicts happen this year in divers parts of the Kingdom wherein the Kings Forces had commonly the victory Bristol and Exceter were both taken for the King besides the Signal Victory of Roundway Downe obtained by the Lord Wilmot Earl of Caernarvan Earl of Crawford and Lord Biron against Sir Wiliam Waller At this the Parliament became so grievously disturbed that now either the powfull Preachings of their Ministry must help them or never to fit up an Army for Essex and Waller in miserable distress which was speedily mustered upon Hounslow Heath out of the inexhaustible Treasury of Rebellion for the relief of Glocester now besieged by the King which upon the 5th of September they effected His Majesty upon their advance
recited Epitaph is restored The Figure of which Monument I here present you with the Inscription on the North side thereof transcribed from the Original by a * Jervas Holles Esq one of the Masters of Request to His Majesty King Charles â—I Person of Worth and a Lover of Antiquities Clarissimo Generosissimoque Viro Domino GEORGIO de CARTARET Eqviti Aurato et Baronelto Classium Regiarum Thesaurario Domus Regiae Vice Camerario Serenissimi Dni Regis Caroli II a secretioribus Consilijs Tumuli hanc Regis Willelmi Conquorteris Figuiâ—m H.D.F.S. 1666 LOYAL DVOIR HOC SEPVLCHRVM INVIOTISSIMI IVXTA ET CLEMENTISSIMI CONQVESTORIS GVILLELMI DVM VIVERET ANGLORVM REGIS NORMANDORVM COENO MANORVMQUE PRINCIPIS HVIVS INSIGNIS ABBATIae PIISSIMI FVNDATORIS CVM ANNO 1562 VESANO HAERETICORVM FVRORE DIREPTVM FVISSET PIO TANDEM NOBILIVM EIVSDEM ABBATIAE RELIGIOSORVM GRATITVDINIS SENSV IN TAM BENITICVM LARGIROREM INSTAVBATVM FVTT ANNO DOM. 1642 DOMÌ„NO IOANNE DE BAILHACHE ASCETORII PROTO PRIORE P. D. D. D. Children of King WILLIAM the Conquerour by Queen MAVD of Flanders his Wife 2. ROBERT Eldest Son succeeded his Father only in the Dukedome of Normandy whose Story followeth in the next Chapter 2. RICHARD second Son was born in Normandy Rob. of Glocest p. 173. Order Vital p. 573. c. 781. a. and after his Father had attained the Crown came into England where in his youth for he had not yet received the Girdle of Knighthood as he hunted in the New Forrest in Hampshire he came to a violent and sudden death by the goring of a Stagg others say by a pestilent air and is noted to be the first man that died in that place the justice of God punishing on him Will. Gemmeticensis p. 296. d. his Fathers depopulating that Countrey to make a habitation for wild Beasts His body was thence conveyed to Winchester and there interred on the South side the Chore of the Cathedral Church where are two black Marble Stones inlaid into the new work built by Bishop Fox one of which stands edgewayes in the wall and the other lies flat both marked with the Letter A the manner exactly drawn from the Original in this Figure containing an Epitaph on the verge thereof in Saxon Letters signifying the Person there interred to be Duke of * Bernay ubi Abbathia pulcherrima in la Bailliage d' Alenson in Normandy Philippus Brierius Paraâ—ella Geographiae veteris novae Tom. 1. Part. 2. lib. 7. cap. 4. pag. 398. Bernay in Normandy viz. HIC JACET RICARDUS WILLI SENIORIS REGIS FILL ET BEORN DUX INTVS EST CORPVS RICHARDI WILLHELMI CONQESTORIS FILM ET BEORNIE DVCIS 〈…〉 WILLI SEâ—â—â—â—RIS REGIS 〈…〉 Nobili et egregio Viro Domino EDWARDO HVNGERFORD de Farley Castle in ComÌ„ Somerset Equiti de Balneo Tumuli hanc RICARDI Willelmi Conquestoris filij Figuram H.D.D.D.F.S. 2. WILLIAM the third Son of King William and Queen Maud succeeded his Father in the Kingdom of England whose History followeth in the III. Chapter of this Book 2. HENRY fourth Son after the death of his Brother King William obtained both the Kingdom of England and Dukedome of Normandy See more of him in the IV. Chapter of this First Book 2. CICELIE Abbesse of Cane Ord. Vital p. 484. d. 512. d. 548. b. e. 638. d. Rob. of Glocest p. 173. Eldest Daughter of William the Conquerour was born in Normandy brought up in England and returned again into Normandy where in the Ninth year of King William's Reign Anno Dom. 1075 she was by her said Father on Easter-Day with great Solemnity offered up in the Church of Feschampe by the hands of John the Archbishop and vailed a Nun in that Monastery Gemmet p. 310. a. 282. c. After the death of Matilda Abbess of the Holy Trinity at Cane founded by Queen Maud her Mother this Cicelie undertook that Government which she managed with singular piety for the space of XIV years Ceonica St. Steph. â—adomensiâ— p. 1019. b. and then departed this World upon the xiii day of July Anno Dom. 1126. in the XXVI year of the Reign of King Henry the First her Brother and was interred in the same Monastery having worn a Religious Habit the space of LII years 2. CONSTANCE Countess of Britaine Ord. Vital p. 484. d. 512. d. 544. c. 573 d. 638. d. second Daughter of King William and Queen Maud was the first wife of Alan Earl of Little Britaine surnamed Fergant in the Brittish and in English the Red Son of Howell second Son of Caignard by Hawis his Wife Daughter and Heir of Alan Earl of Britaine and great Aunt to William the Conquerour married unto him at Cane in Normandy in regard of which alliance and his service done at the Conquest of England his Father-in-Law in the Third year of his Reign at the Siege of Yorke did give unto him and his heirs Wâ—â— Gem. p. 310. a. all the Lands and Honours late belonging to Earl Edwin in Yorkshire whereon he built the Castle and whereof he made the Earldome of Richmond which long after belonged to the Earls and Dukes of Britaine his Successors These are the words of the Grant translated into English I William surnamed Bastard King of England give and grant to thee my Nephew Alan Earl of Britaine and to thy heirs for ever all those Villages Towns and Lands which were late in possession of Earl Edwin in Yorkshire Milles p. 588. with Knights-Fees and Churches and other Liberties and Customes as freely and honourably as the said Edwin held them Given at the Siege before Yorke This Constance Countess of Britaine after she had been married XV. years died without issue and was buried in the Abbey of St. Edmondsbury in Suffolk Ord. Vital p. 544. c. after whose death Earl Alan espoused Ermingard Daughter of Foulk Earl of Anjou and had by her Conan le Gross unto whom King Henry the I. gave one of his Natural Daughters to Wife named Matilda or Maud. 2. ADELIDIS or ADELIZA third Daughter Will. Gemmet p. 310. c. was in her Childhood contracted unto Duke Harold when he was in Normandy being a young Widdower notwithstanding which he refusing her took another Wife and usurped the Kingdom of England after the death of St. Edward the Confessor Ordericus Vitalis p. 638. d. whereby he occasioned his own ruin and the Conquest of his Kingdome which afterwards fell out when her Father sought revenge which some write was so much to the discontentment of this Lady Will. Gemmeticensis p. 285. c. that for grief of these misfortunes she ever after refused Marriage and led a single and solitary life though others upon better warrant collect that she died young and before William her Father set forth for England Harold himself pleading that he was free from all Covenants and Promises to the Duke by reason of the death of this his Daughter 2 ADELA or ALICE Countess of Blois Will. Gemmet
of this First Book 3. RICHARD another Base Son of King Henry was as appeareth by an ancient Register of the Monastery of Abingdon born in the Reign of William Rufus Ordericus Vitalis p. 852 a. 854. a b c d. 867 c. 875 d. of the Widow of Anskil a Nobleman of the Country adjoyning to that Abbey In the year 1119. this Richard was with His Father King Henry at the reducing and burning of the Town of Evereux held out against him by the partakers of William Son of Robert Duke of Normandy and also at the Battle of Brenvile where the said William and Lewis King of France were forced to flie for their lives leaving King Henry the Field with several Prisoners of note And much about the same time Richard was sent with 200 Horse to the succor of Ralph de Guader with which assistance Ralph was so well pleased that in requital he bestowed upon him his Daughter Amitia with the Seigneuries of Bretvile Gloz and Lyre but this Marriage was prevented by the death of Richard drowned near Barflete in his return for England among other of King Henries Children the 26 day of November An. 1119. And Amitia his espoused Wife Williel Gemmet p. 306 d. was afterwards married to Robert Earl of Leicester 3. REYNALD Earl of Cornwal Third Natural Son of King Henry I. mentioned at large in the IX Chapter of this First Book 3. ROBERT another Base Son of King Henry I. was born of Edith the Sister of Ive Son and Daughter of Forne the Son of Sigewolfe both of them great Barons in the North Williel Gemmet p. 306 d. which Edith King Henry afterwards gave in Marriage to Robert Doiley Baron of Hook-Norton in Oxfordshire and with her bestowed on him the Mannor of Eleydon Speed p. 443. col 2. num 69. in the County of Buckingham by whom he had issue Henry Doiley Baron of Hook-Norton who often mentioneth this ROBERT in his Charters ever calling him ROBERT his Brother the Kings Son I have seen a Charter of Mahalt de Abrinco uxor Roberti filii Regis Henrici Maud de Auranches the Wife of Robert In Camera Ducatus Lancastriae Son of King Henry to which Her Seal is appendant impressed with Her Effigies without any Shield of Arms which Maud in all probability was the Wife of this ROBERT 3. GILBERT Williel Gemmet p. 306 d. another Natural Son of King Henry is mentioned by William Gemmeticensis the Norman Monk in the Chronicle of that Countrey written by John Taylor being a Translator of that Work out of Latin into French and not long ago Speed p. 443. col 2. num 70. in the Treaties betwixt England and France written in the French Tongue by John Tillet Secretary to King Henry II. And yet in them not any other mention is made but onely of his name 3. WILLIAM de TRACY Williel Gemmet p. 306 d. another Base Son of Henry I. had for his Appennage the Town of Tracy in Normandy from which he took his surname and was called WILLIAM of TRACY whose death immediately followed that of his Father King Henry I. Speed p. 443. col 2. num 71. But whether he were the Progenitor of the Tracies sometimes Barons in Devonshire or of them which now be of the same surname or whether Sir William Tracy one of the Four Knights that slew Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury were any of his Posterity is not certainly reported nor any thing else concerning him 3. HENRY Speed p. 443. another Base Son of King Henry I. was born of the Lady Nesta Daughter of Rhees ap Tewdor Prince of South-wales Who was the Wife of Sir Gerald Windsor and of Stephen Constables of the Castles of Pembroke and Abertivy in Wales Brook York Herald and Progenitors of the Families of the Fitz-Geralds and Fitz-Stephens in Ireland He was born and bred and lived and married in Wales having issue two Sons Meiler and Robert The elder of which Meiler took to Wife the Daughter of Hugh Lacy Lord of Meath in Ireland He lost his life in the conflict betwixt Magnus the Son of Harold-Harfager King of Norway and Hugh Mountgomery Earl of Arundel and Shrews-bury An. 1197. I have had the view of a Pedigree which deriveth the descendants of Henry Fitz-Herbert Chamberlain to King Henry I and Sibill Corbet his Wife Concubine to the said King from this HENRY who in that Genealogy is called Henry Fitz-Roy or the Kings Son But in a Commission of which I have a Copy sent into Wales to the * Jeavan ap Redderick ap Jeavan Lloyd of Cardigan Esquire Howel ap David ap Jeavan ap Reece Howel Sundwal Jeavan Dilwine Jeavan Brashay Bards there by King Edward IV. to enquire of the surname of William by Him created Earl of Pembroke the said Bards make return That the said Earl William was the Son of William Lord of Ragland Son to Thomas Son to Guillime Son to Jenkine the Son of Adam the Son of Reynold the Son of Peter the Son of Herbert Base Son of Henry the First King of England Upon which King Edward IV. gave him the surname of Herbert With which a * Lib. Annotat E. 12. fol. 42. b. in Officio Armorum Vincent p. 236. Pedigree in the Office of Arms agreeth in this point That Herbert was a Natural Son of King Henry I. and had in marriage with Lucia his Wife the Forest of Dean Yet Vincent in his Correction of Brooks Errors saith That this Lucia the third Daughter of Milo Fitz-Walter Earl of Hereford was Wife to Herbert Son of Herbert and Grand-child to Henry Fitz-Herbert Chamberlain to King Henry the First by Sibill Corbet aforesaid 3. MAVD Countess of Perch Williel Gemmet p. 306 d. 307 a. 311 a. a Natural Daughter of King Henry the First was espoused to Rotrock Earl of Perch called also Consul of Moriton with Lands and other rich Dower in England and also the Town of Belismo in Normandy by the gift of her said Father Eli. Reusnerus pag. 347. She was the first Wife of this Rotrock first of the name Son of Arnolfe de Hesding also first Earl of that County and had issue by him one onely Daughter Magdelen first Wife of Garcia IV. King of Navarre Ordericus Vitalis p. 787 c. 870 a. 891 a. who died by a fall from His House in the year of our Lord 1151. and Mother of King Sancheo surnamed The Wise from whom the succeeding Kings of Navarre are derived Speed p. 443. col 2. num 73. She perished by Shipwrack with her Half-Brother Duke William upon Friday the 26 of November in the 20 year of her Fathers Reign and of Grace M.CXIX 3. MAVD Countess of Britain another of that Name Williel Gemmet p. 307 a. and Natural Daughter of King Henry was married to Conan first of the Name surnamed The Grosse Earl of Little Britain Son of Earl Alan by Ermengard his second
which were Earls of that County successively and deceased without issue 4. MAVD Countess of Melent Second Daughter of Reginald Earl of Cornwal was married to Robert Earl of Melent 4. VRSVLA M. S. in Officio Armarum Sign E. 2.118 119. Baroness of Castlecomb The Arms belonging to the Dunstanviles Barons of Castlecomb were Argent A Fret Gules on a Canton of the Second a Lion Passant Or. But I find that January de Dunstanvile descended from a Second Brother gave for his distinction a Border Ingrayled Sable Which Coat was quartered by the late Earl of Southampton Lord Treasurer of England Lib. in Officio Armorum Annot L. 10 fol. 62 63. Third Daughter was the Wife of Walter Dunstanvile Baron of Castlecomb by whom she had issue Walter Dunstanvile Baron of Castlecomb Father of Walter and John Walter had issue Petronilla his Daughter and Heir married to Sir Robert Montford Knight and by him had issue William Montford who by Fine sold his Lands to Bartholomew Badelsmere An. 3 Edw. 2. John de Dunstanvile Second Son of Walter was Father of Nicholas Father of Robert Father of another Nicholas who had issue Henry Father of January whose sole Daughter and Heir Barbara was the Wife of John Wriothesley alias Garter King of Arms and they had issue William Wriothesley York Herald Father of Thomas Wriothesley Earl of Southampton and Lord Chancellor of England Ancestor of Thomas Fourth and last Earl of Southampton and also Treasurer of England Who deceased on the Sixteenth day of May 1667. without Issue-male 4. SARAH Vicountess of Lemoges the Fourth and youngest Daughter was given in marriage to the Viscount of Lemoges Natural Children of REYNOLD Earl of CORNWAL Vincents Discovery of Errors p. 130. HENRY FITZ-CONTE filius Comitis the first mentioned Natural Son of Reginald begotten by the most famous of his Concubines Beatrix de Vannes afterwards married to William Lord Breewer of Torbay to whom King Henry the Third in the Moneth of February and first year of His Reign An. 1216. gave the Earldom of Cornwal But he enjoyed this new honor not long not full four years For as he had it bestowed upon him in the First year of His Reign Pat. An. 4 Hen. 3. p. 1. m. 6. so in the fourth in regard this Henry retired Himself from the Court without the Kings leave or knowledge He sent him his discharge whereupon Henry as it should seem afterwards stood in Contestation with the King for the said Earldom but by the Mediation of the Bishops of Norwich Winchester and Exeter Pat. An. 4 Hen. 3. p. 2. m. 3. in dorso of Hubert de Burgo Chief Justice of England and others it was concluded That Henry Fitz-Conte should restore to the King the said Earldom of Cornwal with all Homages Services and Appurtenances as John King of England enjoyed the same before the War betwixt Him and the Barons Penes Williel Dugdale Arm. Norroy Reg. Arm. Lib. AAI. p. 117. with a Salvo to the Right and Claim of the said Henry when the King should come to age But the death of this Henry put an end to this dispute about two years after viz. An. 6 Hen. 3. in the year of our Lord 1221. 4. JOHN Pat. An. 6. Johannis Regin the Earls Son Johannes filius Comitis was another Base Son of Earl Reginald He was Parson of Benburg and Christned as it seemeth by King John for he calls him Filiolum his Godson 4. NICHOLAS Chart Antiq. B. num 2. another Natural Son of Reynald Earl of Cornwal was a witness to his Fathers Grant of the Manor of Penhel and other Lands in Widemue in the County of Cornwal to William Botterel Son of Alice Corbet his Grand-mothers Sister BOOK II. Plantagenets Undivided CONTAINING A Genealogical History OF THE KINGS OF ENGLAND c. From HENRY II. to EDWARD I. From the Year 1154. to the Year 1272. ✚ HENRICVS DVX NORMANORVM ET COMES ANDEOGAVORVM HEN. D. NORM ✚ HENRICVS DVX NORMANORVM ET COMES ANDEGAVORVM ✚ HENRICVS DEI GRATIA REX ANGLORVM HEN. II. ✚ HENRICVS NORMANNOR ET AQITANNO R ET COMES ANDEGAVOR Generosissimo Viro. Domino IOHANNI BABER Equiti Aurato Sigillorum hanc Tabulam H.D. FS HENRICVS REX ANGLORVÌ„ DVX NORÌ„ANNOR ET COMES SAVDEGAVOR VIGILANDO ET AGENDO ✚ RICARDVS DEI GRACI REX ANGLORVM RICH. I. ✚ RICARDVS DVX NORMANNORVMM ET AQVITANORVM ET COMES ANDEGAVORVM ✚ RICARDVS DEI GRATIA REX ANGLORVM RICH. I. ✚ RICHARDVS DVX NORMANORVM ET AQVITANORVM ET COMES ANDEGAVORVM Generosissimo Praclaroque viro Dn o IOHANNI WALPOOL Equiti Aurato nec non Serenissing Dn. o Regi CAROLO 11 do Sti patorum Nobisiumo Vexillario Sigillorum hanc Tabulam H.D. F S. ✚ SIGILVM IOHANNIS FILII REGIS ANGLIE DOMINI HIBÌ„NIE ✚ SECRETVM IOHANNIS ✚ IOHANNES DEI GRATIA REX ANGLIE DOMINVS HIBERNIE K. IOHN ✚ IOHS DVX NORMANNIE ET AQITANNIE COMES ANDEGAVIE Generosissimo Viro Dn o THOMAEBOND Baroneted nec non Sereniss Dnae Regmâ—e Angliae c. Dotariae Hospity Contrarotulatori Sigillorion hanc TabidaÌ„ HD FS HENRICVS DEI GRATIA REX ANGLIE DOMINVS HIBERNIE HEN. III. HENRICVS DVX NORMANNIE ET AQVITANNIE COMES ANDEGAVIE ✚ HENRICUS DEI GRACIA REX ANGLIE DOMINVS HYBERNIE DUX AQVITANNIE HEN. III. ✚ HENRICUS DEI GRACIA REX ANGLIE DOMINVS HYBERNIE DVX AQVITANNIE SIGILLVM ELE COMITISSE SARESBERIE ✚ ALIANORA DEI GRACIA REGINA ANGLIE ET DOMINA HYBERNIE ALIANORA DEI GRACIA REGINA ANGLIE Generosissimo Viro Dn o STEPHANO FOX Equiti Aurato ad Sereniss Dom Regem CAROLUM II Computi Clerico Sigillorum hanc Tubulam HD FS ✚ SECRETVÌ„ ELE COMITISSE SARESBERIE ✚ ALIANORA DVCISSA NORMANIE ET AQVITANIE COMITISSA ANDEGAVIE ALIANORA DEI GRACIA DOMINA HIBERNIE ET DVCISSA AQVITANNIE SIGILLVM WILLELMI LVNGESPE S ELE LVNGESPEYE COMITISSE WARWIC S ELE LVNGESPEYE COMITISSE WARWIC â—IGILVM RICARDI DE VAREN ✚ SECRETVM WILLELMI LVNGESPE A GENEALOGICAL TABLE Of the Second BOOK 4. HENRY II. of the Name King of England Duke of Normandy and Aquitaine and Earl of Anjou surnamed Fitz-Empress p. 59. ELIANOR of Aquitaine p. 60. 5. WILLIAM Duke of Normandy Ob. S. P. p. 65. HENRY crowned King Ob. S. P. p. 66. RICHARD I. King of England Duke of Normandy and Aquitain and Earl of Anjou p. 73. BERENGARIA of Navarre p. 76. GEOFFREY Duke of Britain p. 67. CONSTANCE of Brittain p. ibid. 6. ARTHUR Duke of Britain p. 68. ELIANOR of Britain p. 69. JOHN King of England Lord of Ireland Duke of Normandy and Aquitain and Earl of Anjou p. 81. ISABEL of Engolesme fol. 83. a. HENRY III. King of England Lord of Ireland and Duke of Aquitain fol. 87. b. ELIANOR of Provence fol. 87. 7. EDWARD I. King of England c. vide Book III. Chap. I. EDMOND Earl of Lancaster p. 103. BLANCH Queen of Navarre p. 105. 8. THOMAS Earl of Lancaster p. 107. ALICE LACIE HENRY Earl of Lancaster p. 109. MAUD CHAWORTH 9. HENRY Duke of Lancaster p. 112. ISSABEL
Chron. Norman p. 10â—4 d. and the Fathers express Commandment could not obtain it Which thereupon was taken up again and on the Shoulders of several of the Cenomanian Lords carried four days journey to Roan and buried in the Cathedral Church of that City on the right side of the High Altar So that whatsoever this Princes Life was his Death certainly was not inglorious but worthy to be set out in Tables as a Pattern to Disobedient Children the manner of which being related to his Father he fell upon the Earth weeping bitterly and like another David for his Absalom would not of a long time be comforted 5. RICHARD Third Son of King Henry the Second succeeded his Father in His Royalties by the name of King Richard the First of whom mention is made in the next Chapter The Arms assigned to this Geoffrey by our Modern Genealogists are Gules 3 Lions Passant Guardant Or a Labell of 9 Points Argent But I cannot find as yet any Authority to justifie the same nor do I believe that the filial distinction of the Label was then used it being many years after that the Three Lions came to be the Successive Arms of the Kings of England 5. GEOFFREY Duke or Earl of Britain Chron Norman p. 994 b. Rob. of Giocester p. 233 a. Ibidem p. 235 b. and Earl of Richmond the Fourth Son of King Henry the Second and Queen Eleanor was born upon the Ninth of the Kalends of October viz. the Twenty third day of September in the Fourth year of his Fathers Reign An. 1158. He took to Wife Constance the Daughter and Heir of Conan surnamed Le Petit Earl of Britain with whom Her said Father gave unto Him the Counties of Britain and Richmond Robert of Glocester p. 237 a. and did his homage to King Henry his Father for the same and received also the Fealties of the Barons of Britain An. 1168. Rogerus Hoveden f. 331 a. num 40. About Ten years after viz. An. 1178. Earl Geoffrey was Knighted by his Father at Woodstock and by His command employed in the War against his Brother Richard Duke of Aquitaine in which he behaved himself so perfidiously that he acquired the appellation of The Child of Perdition Ibidem p. 360. Nor are some Authors backward in telling us That it was the revenge of his Disobedience that pursued him to an untimely end For being in a Tournament at Paris he was trodden to death under his Horses feet Matth. Paris p. 559. num 10. upon the Fourteenth of the Kalends of September viz. the Ninteenth day of August An. 1186. in the Two and thirtieth year of the Reign of King Henry the Second and buried before the High Altar in the Church of our Lady in the same City Constance his Widow was afterwards married to Ranulph Blandevile Earl Palatine of Chester Book of Richmond Vincent p. 62 63. from whom being divorced for Incontinency she took to her third Husband Guy Viscount of Thovars and had issue by him two Daughters Alice and Katherine Ex Chronicis Cestrioe M. S. In Ypodig Neustriae ad Annum 1203. Hoveden fol. 822. Alice was married to Peter de Dreux surnamed Mauclere who in her right was Duke of Britain and Katherine was the Wife of Andrew de Vitre in Britain The Countess Constance departed this life in the year 1201 leaving also issue by this Earl Geoffrey her first Husband a Son named Arthur who succeeded him in the Dukedom of Britain and a Daughter called Eleanor the Damsel of Britain This Arthur is said to have borne the Arms assigned to his Father Earl Geoffrey 6. ARTHVR Duke of Britain Ypodig Neustriae p. 452. num 30. Matth. Paris p. 138. num 10. Hoveden fol. 361 b. num 10. and Earl of Richmond the posthumus and onely Son of Earl Geoffrey aforesaid and Constance his Wife the Heir of Britain was born upon Easter-day in the year 1186. King Richard the First his Uncle when he undertook his Crossiade to the Holy Land declared this Arthur his Heir in case He should die without issue as being the Son of Duke Johns Elder Brother And also forced Tancred King of Sicily to promise his Daughter to him in marriage and to pay a good part of her Portion down in ready money So that after King Richards death this Arthur was Proclaimed King of England and Duke of Normandy and being aided by Philip Augustus King of France who made him Knight Rigord fol. 202. An. 1199. and affianced him to his Daughter Mary at Paris he made War against King John his Fathers younger Brother Chronica Norman p. 1005 d. but being taken prisoner at Mirabell in Normandy in the same year he was carried to Roan Castle where leaping from the Wall thereof with intent to escape say some he was drowned in the Ditch but others relate that he was made away by his said Uncle John in the year 1200. leaving not any Issue 6. ELEANOR commonly called The Damsel of Britain sole Daughter of Geoffrey Earl of Britain Robert of Glocester p. 230. and onely Sister and Heir of Earl Arthur was sent into England by her Uncle King John and imprisoned in Bristol Castle for no other crime then her title to the Crown but that was sufficient to make her liberty both suspected and dangerous Roger Hoveden fol. 414. a. num 50. And fol. 425 b. num 40. In durance there she prolonged her miserable life until the year of our Lord 1241. which was the Twenty fifth of King Henry the Third at which time she died a Virgin and lieth buried in the Church of the Nunnery at Ambresbury unto which Monastery she gave the Mannor of Melkesham with its Appurtenances 5. JOHN surnamed Sans-Terre the Fifth and youngest Son of King Henry the Second and Queen Eleanor succeed his Brother King Richard in the Kingdom of England c. Of whom see more in the Third Chapter of this Second Book The Arms of this Henry the Fifth Duke of Saxony were Barry of Eight Peeces Or and Sable For the Augmentation of the Chaplet was added by the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa at what time he confirmed Bernard of Anhalt this Henries Successor in the Dukedom of Saxony For Bernard desiring of the Emperor to have some difference added to the Ducal Coat to distinguish him and his and his Successors from those of the former House the Emperor took a Chaplet of Rue which he had then on his head and threw it cross his Shield or Eschocheon of Arms which was immediately Painted on the same Elias Reusnerus p. 435. 5. MAVD Dutchess of SAXONY and BAVARIA Eldest Daughter of King Henry the Second and Queen Eleanor was born in the Third year of her said Fathers Reign An. 1156 7. Chronica Normaniae pag. 1000 a. Rogerus Hoveden fol. 282 a. num 40. And fol. 351 b. num 50. Chronica Normaniae pag. 1002 a. Her Espousals with
Government with duty to his Mother Matth. Paris p. 152. num 27. whom he released after Twelve years imprisonment a Pennance she had suffered for Rosamonds Death and raised to as high Authority as if she had been left Queen Regent In which condition she managed affairs with wonderful Moderation Integrity and Judgment until King Richard having setled His Estate in Normandy came home and was upon the Third day of September Rogerus Hoveden fol. 374 a. in the year 1189. His Coronation Anointed and Crowned at Westminster by Baldwin Archbishop of Canterbury the manner of which Coronation was as followeth First The Archbishops of Canterbury Roan Triers and Dublin with all the other Bishops c. apparrelled in rich Copes and having the Cross Holy Water and Censers carried before them came to fetch the King at the door of His Privy Chamber and there receiving Him they led Him to the Church of Westminster till they came before the High Altar with a solemn Procession In the middle of the Bishops and Clergy went Four Barons bearing Candlesticks with Tapers after whom came Geoffry de Lucy bearing the Cap of Maintenance and John Marshall next to him bearing a Massive Pair of Spurs of Gold then followed William Marshall Earl of Pembroke who bare the Royal Scepter in the top whereof was set a Cross of Gold and William Fitz-Patrick Earl of Salisbury going next him bare the Warder or Rod having on the top thereof a Dove Then came three other Earls viz. David Brother to the King of Scots Earl of Huntington John Earl of Mortaign the Kings Brother and Robert Earl of Leicester each of them bearing a Sword upright in his hand with the Scabbards richly adorned with Gold the Earl of Mortaign went in the midst betwixt the other two After them followed six Earls and Barons bearing a Checker Table upon which the Regalia were placed and then followed William de Mandevile Earl of Albemarle bearing a Crown of Gold before the King who followed having the Bishop of Durham on His right hand and Reynold Bishop of Bath on His left over whom a Canopy was borne and in this order He came into the Church at Westminster where before the High Altar in the presence of the Clergy and the People laying His hand upon the Holy Evangelists and the Relicks of certain Saints He took His Solemn Oath which done He put off all His Garments from His middle upwards but onely His Shirt which was open on the Shoulders that He might be Anointed then the Archbishop of Canterbury Anointed Him in three places on the Head on the Shoulder and on the right Arm with Prayers in such case accustomed After this He covered His Head with a Linnen Cloath hallowed and set His Cap thereon and then after He had put on His Royal Garments and His uppermost Robe the Archbishop delivered Him the Sword with which He should beat down the Enemies of the Church which done two Earls put His Shooes upon His Feet and having His Mantle put on Him the Archbishop for bad Him on the behalf of Almighty God not to presume to take upon Him this Dignity except He faithfully meant to do those things He had sworn to perform whereunto the King made answer That by Gods Grace He would perform them Then the King took the Crown beside the Altar and delivered it to the Archbishop which be set upon the Kings Head delivering Him the Scepter to hold in His Right Hand and the Rod-Royal in His Left Hand And thus being Crowned He was brought back by the Bishops and Barons with the Cross and Candlesticks and Three Swords passing forth before Him to His Seat When the Bishop that sung the Mass came to the Offertory the two Bishops that brought Him to the Church led Him to the Altar and brought him back again the Mass ended He was brought with solemn Procession into His Chamber And this was the Form of the Kings Coronation which solemnity was hancelled with the Blood of many Jews though utterly against the Kings will who pressing into the Abbey to see His Coronation were in a tumult furiously murthered No sooner was He Crowned but by the instigation of the Pope He was engaged with Philip King of France Leopold Duke of Austria and many other Christian Princes in the famous Crosiade for the winning of Jerusalem at that time possessed by the Souldan Saladine therefore for the raising of Money for this intended Pilgrimage He rather chose to furnish Himself out of His own Estate then to burthen His People which He did by selling Priviledges Deameans Immunities and Cities among which He sold Berwick Castle and Roxborrow to the King of Scots for Ten thousand Pounds and the Earldom of Northumberland to Hugh Pudsey Bishop of Durham for much Money at whose Creation King Richard told the standers by That he was a good Craftsman that had made a new Earl of an old Bishop and also did protest That for the performing of so just and honorable a Service He was not unwilling to sell His City of London its self if any there were able to purchase it rather then to be chargeable to others As for Men and Soldiers the Clergy that undertook the cause had stirred up innumerable but the onely main danger of the State was His Brother John whose aspiring minde he endeavored to moderate by making it appear how much the bounty of a Brother did exceed the hardness of a Father for he conferred on him the-Earldoms of Cornwal Lancaster and Dorset and by the Marriage with Isabell one of the Daughters and Heirs of William Consul of Glocester he had that Earldom also many other peeces likewise he enjoyed in all amounting to Four thousand Marks yearly But having made him thus powerful Richard yet takes away that opportunity which might put him upon the Usurpation of the Crown by leaving others in trust with the Government in His absence and by confining John to live in Normandy till His return but for the last their Mother Queen Eleanor became Johns surety So that the Kingdom being left to the Government of several Men of Power Wisdom and Loyalry of which William Longchamp Bishop of Ely and Chancellor of England was cheif and Robert Earl of Leicester set over Normandy King Richard appoints His Nephew Arthur to be His Successor in case He should fail in this Expedition Chronica Sancti Stephani Cadom p. 1020 a b. And now having prepared an Army of Thirty thousand Foot and Five thousand Horse and appointed to meet Philip King of France in Sicily at the end of June An. 1190. sets forward him self by Land to Marseilles and there stays the coming about of his Ships but his Navy being driven by Tempest to other parts the King that brooked not delay shipped himself and his Army and passed forward to Messina in Sicily where also arrived Lewis King of France and not long after his own Fleet. Here Richard affronted by
Chiefest Mens Children Pledges which poor Innocents upon an Insurrection of some inconsiderable persons upon the Borders the King caused to be Hanged in His presence at Nottingham Matth. Paris p. 230. n. 43. before He would sit down to Dinner The King is now pleased to receive Pandulphus and Durandus the Popes Agents for a Mediation between Him and the Clergy who condescends to their returne but not to make any Restitution wherefore all His Subjects are Absolved their Allegiance forbid His Councell and Conferences And now Absolute Deposition is Pronounced by the Pope And the King of France with the assistance of other Princes Commanded to expell King John and possess His Dominions for himself Anno 1212. and his heires for ever who to that end against the Spring makes great Levies for an Invasion and King John for His defence at Dover Feversham Ipswich c. by Easter hath an Army of 60000 Men besides a Navy farr exceeding that of France But two Knights Templars sent out of France by Pandulphus prevaile with the King to descend to a Treaty with him Mat. Paris p. 236. 237. 247. n. 10. who no sooner had notice thereof Anno 1213. but he hastned to the King and wrought so effectually with Him that He not only grants entire Restitution and Indemnity to the Arch-bishop and Clergy but also layes down His Crown Scepter Mantle Sword and Ring the Ensignes of His Royalty at the Feet of the Legate and submits Himself to the Judgment and Mercy of the Church after two dayes some say six he received the Crown from Pandulphus with condition that he and his Successors should hold the Kingdome of England and Lordship of Ireland from the See of Rome Ibidem p. 237. Tributary at 1000 Markes Silver which he confirmed by his Charter at a House of the Templars near Dover But the Interdiction still continued and his Absolution deferred till full Satisfaction should be made to the Clergy And hereupon the King of France being unexpectedly Commanded to desist turnes his Fury upon Ferdinand of Portugall Earl of Flanders for refusing him his assistance Ferdinand craves Aide of King John who dispatches 500 Saile with 700 Knights into Flanders under the Conduct of His Base Brother William Longespee Earl of Salisbury Richard Earl of Boleyne c. who utterly defeated the French Forces both by Sea and Land This success incourages him to renew his attempt upon France but is denyed Aid by the Barons and by reason thereof himself and his Allies discomfited for the which intending to Chastise them at his returne he is by the Menaces of Excommunication of the Arch-bishop diverted upon which he is necessitated to call home the Exiled Clergy and at Winchester is by Pandulphus with great Penitence Absolved upon promise of restoring King Edwards Lawes Anno 1214. This respites things whilst he Bribes the Pope Mat. West-monasteriensis p. 172. n. 40. and so his Interdiction is also taken off and he at liberty to renew his former designes upon France which He the Emperour and the Earl of Flanders accordingly do but without success and the Barons still pressing their Priviledges to avoid their Importunities He takes upon Him the Cross whilst they seize several of his Castles and are received with great Triumph at London Anno 1215. The King abandoned by all Ibidem o. 273. n. 49. holds a Parley with them in Running Meade which is between Windsor and Staines wherein an Agreement is made but not long observed for Matth. Paris p. 255. n. 26. p. 264. n. 47. the King having now good correspondence with the Pope retires into the Isle of Wight and there procures his late Articles to be vacated the Barons to be Excommunicated and a supply of Forreigners Ibidem p. 270. n. 37. 281. n. 45. with which in half a years time He recovers all His Holds and forces the Barons to call in the King of France Anno 1216. whose Son Prince Lewis afterwards King Lewis VIII understanding the Popes Prohibition and Excommunication arrives at Sandwich with 600 Ships and at London receives Homage of the Barons but nothing considerable was done on either side Illustrissimo Domino Dno. GULIELMO Comiti de CRAVEN Vicecomiti Craven de Vffington et Baroni Craven de Hamsted Marshall Serenissimique Dom Regis Caroli 2 di a Secretioribus Consilijs Tumuli hanc IOHANNIS Regis Imaginem H. D. F. S. VIRTVS ACTION CONSISTI The Figure of His Great Seal is exhibited in the 56 Page of this Second Book upon which He is stiled JOHANNES DEI GRATIA REX ANGLIE DOMINUS HIBERNIE being the first King of England that had the Title of Lord of Ireland and on the Counter-Seal JOHANNES DUX NORMANNIE ET AQUITANNIE COMES ANDEGAVIE And now if we look upon King John in relation to his Workes he will in them appear a worthy Prince having transcended all his Subjects of his time in Acts of Charity for he Founded the Abbey of Bowley in the New Forrest in Hampshire also an Abbey of Black Monks in the City of Winchester the Monastery of Farendon and the Abbey of Hales-Owen in Shropshire He also re-edified Godstow and Wroxel and enlarged the Chappel of Knaresborrow But as to his Actions He neither came to the Crown by Justice nor held it with Honour nor left it in Peace Yet having had many good parts and especially His Royal Posterity continued to this day we cannot do less than Honour His Memory Children of King JOHN by Queen ISSABEL of ENGOLESME his third Wife 6. HENRY The Eldest Son of King John succeed his Father in the Kingdom of England and his other Dominions by the name of King Henry III. whose History followeth in the Fourth Chapter of this Second Book 6. RICHARD Second Son of King John by Issabel of Engolesme was King of the Romans and of Almain and Earl of Poictiers and Cornwall Alexander II. King of Scots did bear Or a Lyon Rampant Gules within a double Tressure Flowery Counter-Flowery of the Second of whom see more in the Fifth Chapter of this Second Book 6. JOANE Queen of Scots Matth. Paris p. 313. n. 13. Eldest Daughter of King Iohn and Queen Issabell was the first Wife of Alexander II. King of Scots Marryed to him at the City of York in the presence of King Henry III. her Brother upon the 25th day of Iune Pat. An. 4 5 H. 3. An. 1221. in the fifth year of his Reign whom many years after coming into England to Visit she deceased at London without issue Matth. Paris p. 468. n. 34. upon the fourth day of March Anno 1238. and was interred at Tarente in Dorcetshire a Nunnery Founded by Richard II. Bishop of Durham 6. ELIANOR Countess of Penbrooke and Leicester The Armes of this William Marshall Earl of Penbrook are Painted in a Glass-window in the Chapter-house of Salisbury viz. Party per pale Or and
that it begets a new Confederation into which Earl Richard the Kings Brother is drawn whom as being Heire to the Crown it is argued to eoncerne and he is sent to King Henry to reprove Him for the vast profusion of His Estate His Indulgence to Strangers and neglect of the Natives The King fearing the consequence and finding the Londoners favour them by advice of the Legate calls a Parliament at London Anno 1239. whether the Lords come Armed but Montford making his Peace with the Kings Brother and the Earl of Lincoln the business cool'd and the Miseries of the Kingdom continue Besides the great Exactions of the King the Pope is not wanting in his who requires 300 Italians to be Preferred to the first Vacancies in England which forces the Arch-bishop of Canterbury to an Exile in the Abbey of Pontiniac and the rest of the Clergy to a Submission Anno 1241. And the King in the mean time makes an Expedition into Wales which being at discord within its self with the shew only of His Army obtaines Prince Davids Submission and Fealty and is now again Courted by the Poictavins into France which Matter and Supplies to that end is moved in Parliament but no Money given however by Loans and otherwise he procures 30 Barrels of Silver and with that leaving the Arch-bishop of Yorke Governor he goes into France Mat. Paris p. 583. n. 35.588 589. but is forced to a dishonourable Peace Upon occasion of a Revolt in Wales and Scotland Anno 1244. He Marches first into that Kingdom with the Officious Ayde of the Earl of Flanders which is also ill taken of the Barons but a fair Peace is concluded and then Money must be had for an Expedition against Wales and to pay His Debts which with one Voice was refused in this Parliament Anno 1246. which put the King upon other courses London is Amerc'd 5000 Markes and great Fines exacted of the possessors of Inforrestations or else to be sold to others This gives occasion to enquire into the Popes yearly Exactions which were found to be 60000 Markes more then the Revenue of the Crown of England which being Complained of in a General Council then held at Lyons the King forbids under a Penalty any further Contributions but wanted Resolution to continue it His necessities now cause another Parliament wherein Matth. Paris p. 743. n. 45. notwithstanding He ruffles with them they boldly Tax Him with the Breach of all His Promises and will not be brought to grant any thing Anno 1248. so that He is constrain'd to sell His Land and Jewells pawn Gascoyne and the Ornaments of St. Edwards Shrine and give over House-keeping to wring out of the Londoners 20000 l. and beg of the Clergy some small sums Anno 1249. The Barons urge still his Promises concerning the Election of Officers but obtain nothing The Marriage is now Solemnized at Yorke betwixt Margaret the Kings Sister and the King of Scots to which that Arch-bishop is extravagantly generous And the Pope sollicites the King to take the Cross for which he grants a Tenth of the Layety and Clergy which in a Parliament called to that purpose is absolutely denyed But in the next Anno 1252. the Charters being once again Ratified Matth. Paris p. 866. and Sentence of Excommunication Solemnly Pronounced against the Infringers a Tenth of the Clergy for the Holy Warr and Scutage and three Markes upon every Knights Fee is granted Gascogny complaining of Earl Richards Government to quiet them the King revokes His Grant thereof to Him and gives it to His Son Edward sending the Earl of Leicester thither as Governour with whom they are no better pleased Matth. Paris p. 832. n. 34. and he is sent for over who in Councel disputes it very undutifully with the King but returns nevertheless to his Charge which he executes now with more rigour then ever wherefore the Gascoignes put themselves under the Protection of the King of Spain and King Henry is forced to take a voyage thither in stead of the Holy Land Leicesters Commission is nulled by Proclamation who thereupon comes into England and the King after He had quieted Gascogne to take off the King of Spain Matth. Paris p. 890. n. 16. who pretends likewise to Aquitaine concludes a Marriage for His Son Edward Anno 1254. with Elianor that Kings Sister who thereupon quits his Claime to both and arriving in England Fines the Londoners and Jewes for not aiding Him In Easter-Terme another Parliament is called but yields no returnes but those of Grievances and the Pope to support His Wars against the Emperour demands a Tenth of England Scotland and Ireland and the better to dispose the King thereunto Absolves Him of His Oath for the Holy Land invests Edmond His second Son in the Kingdom of Sicilie and in consideration of that Promotion of His Nephew desires to borrow 500 Markes of the Earl of Cornwall but his Answer was He would not lend them Money on whom he could not distraine At Winchester the Gascogne Merchants by the Prince their Patron complain of the taking their Goods without pay which is ill resented by the King and the Princes Servants commit so many outrages in Wales of which he had now the Government that it revolts for the quieting whereof Prince Edward requires Money of his Father but He is so farr from that that to supply His own necessities He commands every Sheriff and other Officers to bring in their Money by a precise day upon severe penalties and daily upon one quarrel or another gets Money out of the Londoners Matth. Paris p. 939. n. 48.952 n. 32. when great hopes of Honour and Advantage is conceived to accrue to His Crown Anno 1257. by the Election of Richard Earl of Cornwall to be King of the Romans and the Arch-bishop of Cologne is sent to conduct him over who hath a Present of 500 Markes and a rich Mitre and Richard is accordingly Crowned at Aquisgrave Ibidem p. 979. n. 45. much to the dissatisfaction of France and Spain The King to sound the affections of the People as to the Election of His Son Edmond to the Kingdom of Sicilie in a Parliament then Summoned brings him clad in Apulian Habit and declares His Obligation of 140000 Markes for obtaining the said Kingdom towards which he declares a Tenth and First-Fruits of the Clergy were granted Him by the Pope and therefore hopes they will not be backward but nothing will be done but upon the usual Condition of Magna Charta and then they promise 52000 which satisfies not For the next year in a Parliament at London declaring His Engagements to the Pope and His disappointment of the Kingdom of Sicilie Matth. Westm p. 364. He is plainly denyed and the Parliament Adjourn'd to Oxford till Barnabas-day Anno 1258. in which time the Earles of Leicester Glocester and Hereford resolve the
Surrey his Daughter in the custody of Thomas Lee Esquire Chester Herauld bearing date en la feste de noel l'an du Roy Edward tirs apres la Conquest de son Regue d'Engleterre vint primier de France oytiesme under her Seal of Red-Wax in the Center of which are the Armes in Lozenge of her Husband John Earl Warren and of Surrey viz. Chequie Or and Azure betwixt 4 Lozenges of the Armes of England and Barr in Cross and 2 Lyons and 2 Castles in Saltire So that although the Diameter of the Seal be not above an Inche and a half yet it comprehends the Armes of her Father her Mother her Husband and her self the Figure of which is delineated in p. 122. ELIANOR Countess of Barr Eldest Daughter of King Edward I. was born at Windsor in the 50th year of the Reign of King Henry III. her Grandfather She was Espoused by Proxy to Alphonso King of Aragon who deceased before the solemnization of their Marriage And afterwards An. 1294. this Elianor was Married at Bristol Pat. an 22 Ed. 1. Walsingham ful 60 94. Ypodig Neustr p. 499. n. 26. to Henry Earl of Barr in France and by him had issue Edward Earl of Barr from whom the Dukes and Earles of that Country are descended And Joane de Barr Countess of Surrey the Wife of John Plantagenet Earl Warren and of Surrey and Sussex who dyed An. 1347. by whom she had no issue The said Countess Elianor was the Wife of Henry Earl of Barr five years and deceased in the year of our Lord 1298. 8. JOANE of Acres or Acon Countess of Glocester and Hertford Walsingham fol. 94. Ypodig Neustriae p. 499. n. 27. second Daughter she was born at a City in the Holy Land called Acon but formerly Ptolomais in the year 1272. where her Mother remained during the Wars her Father had with the Sarazins I have here exhibited the figure of Gilbert de Clares Seal which I copied from an Original in the hands of the Honourable William Pierepont Esquire on the one side of which he is represented on Horseback as Earl of Hertford both his Shield and the Caparisons of his Horse being charged with the 3 Cheveronells and on the reverse as Earl of Glocester with the same Armes on his Shield but without Caparisons upon his Horse She was the second Wife of Gilbert de SIGILL GILEBERTI DE CLARE COMITIS HERTFORDIE SIGILL GILEBERTI DE CLARE COMITIS GLOVERNIE Clare surnamed the Red Earl of Glocester and Hertford who had lost the favour of the King her Father in refusing to go beyond Sea with him to the ayde of Guy Earl of Flanders against the King of France Leland Col. vol. 1. p. 663. for which cause King Edward seized all his Lands But the breach was made up in this Marriage consummated at Westminster on the second day of May An. 1290. in the 18th year of her age without any Dower on the Kings part which done King Edward I. re-granted all the Lands so seized confirming them to the said Gilbert and Joane his Wife and the issue begotten of their two bodies in Fee-farme This Earl Gilbert dyed in the Castle of Monmouth the VII of the Ides of December An. 1295. Pat. An. 18 Ed. 1. Pat. an 19 Ed. 1. Leland Col. vol. 1. p. 182. and was buried in the Priory of Tewkesbury by his Father leaving his Wife a Widdow she was afterwards Marryed to Ralph de Mounthermer and also issue by her a Son named Gilbert and three Daughters Elianor Margaret and Elizabeth 9. GILBERT DE CLARE Earl of Glocester and Hertford He did bear the Armes of his Father viz. Or 3 Cheveronells Gules These were painted upon his Surcoat which he had forgot to put on at the Battel of Striueling where he lost his life The Family of Clare was so Great and Eminent in the Reign of K. Henry III. that the Arms of Richard de Clare Earl of Glocester stand embossed and painted on the North-Wall of Westminster Abbey next to those of St. Lewis K. of France There being few Cathedrals or Religious Houses in England in the Reigns also of the Kings Edward I. and II. the Windows ' of which were not adorned with the 3 Cheveronels Gules in a Field Or so vast were the Revenues of this Illustrious Family of Clare their only Son to whom his Father-in-Law Ralph de Mounthermer surrendred the said Earldomes who had enjoyed them during this Gilberts Minority in the first year of King Edward II. An. 1307. In which year young Gilbert being at age was admitted to his Lands and Honours and sate in Parliament alwayes after as Earl of Glocester and Hertford He Marryed Matilda Daughter of John de Burgh son and heir of Richard Earl of Vlster in Ireland and had issue a son named John which dyed in his infancy and was buryed at Tewkesbury This Gilbert being with King Edward II. Leland Col. vol. 1. p. 785. Ibidem p. 292. Tho. de la Moore p. 594. n. 32. in Scotland to raise the Siege of Strivelyn was at Bannoksborrow near the same place slain with near 300 Barons and Knights upon the 24th day of June An. 1314. when the Scots would gladly have saved him for ransome but he had that day neglected to put on his Sur-Coat of Armes over his Armour King Robert Bruce caused the bodies of this Earl Gilbert and Sir Robert Clifford to be sent to King Edward being then at Barwick to be buryed at his pleasure demanding no reward for the same He was born at Tewkesbury in the year 1291. and was there buryed near to his Father Grandfather and Great Grandfather leaving his Inheritance to be divided betwixt his three Sisters his heires which Partition was made in the 10th year of the Reign of the said King Edward II. 9. ELIANOR DE CLARE Lady Le Despenser Eldest Daughter of Gilbert Quarterly Argent and Gules a Frett or over all a Bendlet Sable were the Armes of Hugh le Despenser which are carved in Stone on two several Tombs in the Abbey of Tewkesbury and also on a Key Stone in an Arch of the Cloyster of Westminster-Abbey and Sister and coheir of Gilbert Earles of Glocester c. was Marryed to Lord Hugh le Despenser the younger son of Hugh Earl of Winchester who in the 15th year of Edward II. was adjudged to be dishinherited and exiled out of the Realm for ever This Elianor by Lord Hugh her husband had issue Edward le Despenser Father of another Edward Father of Thomas Lord le Despenser Created Earl of Glocester in the Feast of St. Michael An. 22 Rich. II. Rot. Parl. An. 21 R. 2. but being deposed from his Earldome by Act of Parliament An. 1 Henry IV. was beheaded at Bristol in the year 1400. This Thomas le Despenser Earl of Glocester Marryed Constance daughter of Edmond of Langley Duke of Yorke by whom he had issue Richard that dyed the Kings
Ward Elizabeth that deceased also young and Issabelle Despenser first Marryed to Richard Beauchamp Earl of Worcester by whom she had Issue Elizabeth c. and secondly to Richard Beauchamp Earl of Warwick and had issue also by him Richard Beauchamp Duke of Warwick and Anne Beauchamp c. Of the Descendents of this Issabel see more in the History of Edmond of Langley Duke of York 9. The Armes of Gaveston were Vert 6 Eaglets Or 3 2 and one which stand painted in the fourth Window on the South-side the body of the Cathedral Church at York And although in his Seal exhibited by Edward Byshe Esq in his Notes upon Upton present you only with 3 Eaglets it was because there wanted room for three more The like example I find in a Seal of Humphrey de Bohun Earl of Hereford who wanting place therein for his 6 Lyons did beare his bend and Cotires between two Lyons supplying a greater by a lesser number MARGARET DE CLARE Countess of Cornwall and Glocester second sister and coheir of Gilbert de Clare Earl of Glocester was the Wife of Piers Gaveston a Gascoigne born created Earl of Cornwall An. 3 Ed. 2. who received this stranger into so high favour notwithstanding the commands of King Edward I. his Father to the contrary that he thereby highly disobliged His Nobility and through his ill Counsel was carried away into many unkingly actions This Piers Gaveston having been twice Banished was upon his return into England taken by Guy Beauchampe Earl of Warwick whom he had formerly in a jearing way called Rob. of Glocester p. 312. b. the Black Hound of Arden and Beheaded near Warwick at a place called Gravershithe or Blacklow and buryed in the Fryers at Laughtey Pat. an 5 Ed. 2. p 2. m. 19. Claus 10. Ed. 2. m. 8. in dorso leaving issue by Countess Margaret a daughter called Joane Gaveston whom her Father intended to have Marryed to Thomas the son of John Wake but he taking another Wife without the Licence of King Edward II. was fined to pay 1000 Markes to Thomas de Moulton of Egremond which Thomas by Indenture bearing date the 25th day of May An. 10 Edw. 2. betwixt him and the said King had engaged to Marry this Joane to his son John as soon as they should come to age But this new-borne Joane dyed young Chart. an 11 Edw. 3. m. 14. n. 34. Inq. an 16 Edw. 3. n. 36. Esceat an 21 Ed. 3. n. 59. and was buried at Malmesbury The Second Husband of Margaret Countess of Cornwal was Hugh de Audley after her Brothers death created Earl of Glocester at a Parliament holden at Westminster upon the 16th day of March An. 11 Ed. 3. in the year 1336. Hugh de Audley Earl of Glocester did bear Gules a Frett or and a Border argent This Countess Margaret deceased An. 16 E. 3. and was buried at Tunbridge And Hugh Earl of Glocester outliving her about five years departed this World upon the 10th day of November An. 1347. and was Interred in the same place with his Wife leaving Issue their only Daughter and Heir Margaret Audley 18 years old at the death of her Mother and at the same time Wife of Ralph Baron of Stafford afterwards created Earl of Stafford March 5th An. 25 Ed. 3. in the year 1350. and from this Marriage all the Earles of Stafford Dukes of Buckingham of that Surname did descend and the Viscountess Stafford now in being is derived 9. ELIZABETH DE CLARE Lady Burgh third Daughter of Joane of Acres In her Grant in my Custody dated upon the 24 day of April An. 29 Ed. 3. This Elizabeth is stiled La tres honorable Dame Elizabeth de Bourg Dame de Clare In her Seal are the Armes of Clare impaleing Bourgh viz. 3 Cheveronels and a Cross within a Border gutte which since have been and are the Armes of Clare-Hall in Cambridge of her Foundation by Gilbert de Clare Earl of Glocester and Sister and co-heir of Earl Gilbert was Marryed three several times Her first Husband being John de Burgh that dyed in the life-time of his Father Richard Earl of Vlster in the year 1313. and by him she had issue William de Burgh Earl of Vlster who Marryed Maud Sister to Henry Duke of Lancaster and one of the Daughters of Henry Earl of Lancaster and left issue Elizabeth their only daughter and heir wife of Lionel of Antwerpe Duke of Clarence third Son of King Edward the Third This Elizabeth de Clare had to her 2d Husband Theobald Lord Verdon after whose decease she was the third time Married to Sir Roger Damory Baron of Armoy in Ireland She Founded Clare Hall in Cambridge and lyeth buryed by the same Sir Roger in the Church at Ware with this Epitaph Hic jacent Rogerus Damory Baro tempore Edwardi secundi Weever p. 544. Elizabetha tertia filia Gilberti Clare Comitis Glocestrie Johanne uxoris ejus filie Edwardi primi vocate Johann de Acris… Edw. Bysshe Esquire now Sir Edward Bysshe Knight Clarenceaux King of Armes in Nicholaum Upton Notae p. 63. represents you with the Seal of this Ralph de Monthermer Earl of Glocester c. much like that of Thomas Earl of Lancaster exhibited in Page 102. of this 2 Book on the one side of which he is represented on Horseback in his Coat of Maile and Surcoat His Shield and the Caparisons of his Horse are charged with an Eagle his Armes being Or an Eagle displayed vert and upon his Horses head and his Helmet is placed the like Eagle from which issueth his Mantleing or Lambrequin On his Counter-seal is a large Escocheon of the Eagle hanging on a Tree betwixt two collateral Wivernes in the place of Supporters Which Seal is Circumscrib'd on both Sides with these words S. RADVLPHI DE MONTE HERMER II EOM GLOVâ—RE ET HERTFORD comprehending all those parts which make an Achievement compleat viz Coat of Armes Healme Creast Mantling and Supporters Which said Joane de Acres after the death of Gilbert de Clare Earl of Glocester her first Husband was Marryed to a Servant of his named Ralph de Mountehermer in the year 1296. which being done without the knowledge of her Father King Edward I. Ypodigmae Neustriae p. 499. n. 28. this Ralph was committed to Prison in the Castle of Bristol and all those Lands and Castles formerly made over to Earl Gilbert and Countess Joane seized into the Kings hands But by the Mediation of Anthony Bec Bishop of Durham Peace was made betwixt the King and His Daughter Pat. An. 6 Ed. 2. p. 1. and her new Husband and her Lands restored with advantage and not long after Ralph summoned to Parliament by the Title of Earl of Glocester and Hertford which he enjoyed till his Son in Law Earl Gilbert de Clare came of Age and had the same Honours and afterwards in all Parliaments was summoned and sate as Lord
apparent of the King of England is Duke of Cornwall by Birth but he is Prince of Wales by special Creation Investiture and Donation of the Lands thereunto belonging Into this highest Dignity of Prince of Wales Duke Edward was likewise Created by the King his Father in the Parliament held An. 17 Ed. 3. Investing him with a Coronet 12 May Chart. An. 17 Edw 3. m. 24. n. 27. a Gold Ring and a Silver Rod and for the better support of his State as Prince of Wales granted him several Lands particularly innumerated in a Writ to be delivered to this Prince or his Attorney with this dignity So that he became the second Prince of Wales of the Royal Family of Plantagenet for I find not that King Edward III. his Father was at any time so stiled King Edward the First after the death of Lewellin ap Griffith having created Edward His Eldest Son born at Caernarvon Prince of Wales which Principality is ever since annexed to the Crown and the Portion and Appennage of the Eldest Sons of the Kings of England and Monarchs of Great Brittain In the 16 year of his Age he entred upon the stage of Warr accompanying King Edward his Father into France where at his landing he received the Honour of Knighthood from that Martial Kings hands Battel of Cressy An. 20 E. 3. 1346. Aug. 26. and at the Battel of Cressy led the Van-guard Stowes Chron. p. 241. b. Tho. Walsingham p. 166. n. 32â— where after a fierce encounter with the French being somewhat distrest from the Enemies breaking in among his Archers though soon relieved by his own Soldiers notice of his condition was sent to the King commanding the Reer-ward who asked the Messenger if the Prince were dead or wounded He answered Neither but stood in need of His Assistance Well said the King Return and bid them send no more to Me so long as my Son lives Froissard cap. 130. for I will have him this day win his Spurs since I design him the Honour of this Expedition The compleatness of which Victory fully conferred it upon him as did King Edward's Acknowledgment after the Battel when Embracing Prince Edward and Kissing him He said Fair Son God give you resolution to pursue Honour Ibidem c. 131. you are My dear Son and have acquitted your self Nobly you are VVorthy to Govern a Kingdom Among many Eminent Persons which died that day on the French part Tho Walsingham p. 166. n. 48. John of Luxemburgh King of Bohemia fell by the Conquering Hand of Prince Edward who deplumed his Casque of those Ostrich Feathers which in Memory of this Victory became his Cognizance sometimes useing one Feather sometimes three as appeareth in his Seales and on his Tombe with Scroles containing this Motto ICH DIEN that is I serve John King of Bohemia meaning thereby that He Served the French King in His Wars and was His Stipendary Camdens Remains p. 214. Others make in Prince Edward's Devise alluding to the words of the Apostle that The Heir while he is a Childe differeth nothing from a Feathers and this is the more probable conjecture seeing that the Feathers and this Motto have been ever since born by our Princes of VVales Heires apparent to the Kings of this Realm with the addition by the more Moderne of a Coronet within which they are encircled Nor were these Feathers and Motto so confined to the direct Line of these Princes but that they have been made use of as a Device with due distinctions by collateral Branches both of the Royal House of Lancaster and York evidence their Seales exhibited in several places of this History upon which the Feathers and Scroles are delineated The year following a Truce being agreed upon at Calais was lengthned by several Prorogations till Anno 29 Edw. 3. without effecting any thing of Peace An. 1355. In which year both Kings provide again for Warr July 10. Rot. Vas 29 Edw. 3. m. 6. Tho. Walsingham p. 170. n. 54. Ibidem m. 8. and the King constitutes Prince Edward His Lieutenant in the Dukedom of Aquitaine and other places in France whither he should happen to March to reforme the State of that Dukedome and to recover His Lands possest by the Rebels with power also to receive Homage and Fidelity from the Nobility and others of Aquitaine and France Armed with which Powers and accompanied by the Earles of Warwick Oxford Salisbury and Suffolke Ex Libro Miscellan Rob. Glover Somerset fol. 29. in the head of a good Army he takes Shipping and Lands in Gascoign Having entred the River Garronne he makes his way into Languedoc and burning the Town of Carcassona thence passes to Narbon destroying the Country with Fire and Sword endeavours to encounter the Earles of Clermont and Armaignac who upon his approach retire and after eight weeks returns to Bourdeaux with many Prisoners and store of Pillage Intelligence of Prince Edwards taking the Field the following Summer being brought to King John of France he resolved to fight him Hollingsh p. 387. who now with about 8000. Men had entred the Country of Berry and taken the Towns and Castle of Vierzon and Remorentin by Assault Tho. Walsingham p. 171. n. 48. Ibidem p. 172. n. 1. Ypodigma Neustriae 521. n. 42. Froissard cap. 64. and passing into Anjou and Tourain wasting those Countryes he intended to return for Bourdeaux But after this long and wearisome Journey drawing near to Poictiers Battel of Poictiers An. 1356. Sept. 19. he had information that the French Army consisting of 60000. fighting Men was not far distant here the Cardinal of Perigort endeavoured an Accommodation but the French Demands were so high that it proved ineffectual whereupon the Prince prepared for the Battel which joyned in the Fields of Beauvoir three Leagues from Poictiers and after some space with his Archers broke the Van of the French Cavalry when the Main Body led by the Duke of Normandy consisting also of Horse finding the other routed fell also into disorder which encouraged the Prince of Wales to attaque the Reere commanded by King John at whose approach the Main Body of the French Army left the Field The King behaved himself valiantly and maintained the Fight for some time but was at length taken Prisoner by Sir Denys Morbeck a Knight of Artois to whom the Prince afterwards gave 2000. Froissard chap. 64. Nobles to support his Estate whilst the pursuit continued to the Gates of Poictiers and a compleat Victory was obtained In which so many Noble Men were slain or made Prisoners that there were few left to Manage the Affairs of France Among diverse of the English Nobility who behaved themselves with signal courage in this Memorable Battel James Lord Audley won Honour Ypodigma Noustriae p. 521. n. 53. both by his valour and his bounty who having vowed to be formost in this Fight performed his word and sealed it with
to reform what was needful both at Bench and Bar ordering likewise the Officers of his Exchequer to moderate their Fees and to be more intentive to the benefit of the Subject than their own unjust gain And now being about 23 years of age King Edward is advised by his Counsel to take a Wife for the preservation of his Posterity for which after several proffers no place was thought so convenient to match in as France nor no Lady for all personal qualities and many reasons of State so fit as the Lady Bona Ibid. fol. 123. daughter to Lewis Duke of Savoye sister to the present Queen of France and now residing in the French Court. To treat of which Marriage the Earl of Warwick is immediately dispatched into France to whose Proposals the French very readily condescend But King Edward not so fortunate hunting in the mean time in Witchwood Forrest and coming to the Mannor of Grafton happened there to be so bewitched with the Lady Elizabeth Grey John Hardings continuer the young Widdow of Sir John Grey of Groby that it had almost proved his ruine who applying herself to him a Suitor for some Lands as a Joynture left her by her Husband slain against King Edward at the Battel of St Alban so prevailed over him that he became a Suitor to her for what since by wanton perswasion he could not obtain he sought and did accomplish by too hasty a Marriage His Marriage May 1. 1464. at his Mannor of Grafton in Northamptonshire upon the first day of May 1464. and on the 26th of May in the year following she was crowned at Westminster with all due solemnity The Figure of this Queen Elizabeths Seal of red Wax is represented in the 352 page of this fifth Book which contains an Escocheon of King Edwards and her Arms and Quarteterings impaled under a Coronet composed of Crosses patee and as many Flowers de Lize and between them 8 Flowers of a lesser size and supported by the white Lyon of March on the right side and on the left with a Greyhound accolled and chained which last was the Supporter of the Nevils Earls of Westmerland as appears in their Seals The Queen bears therein Quarterly of 6 peeces 3 in Chief and 3 in Base The first quarter is Argent a Lyon rampant queve forche Gules crowned Proper and was the Paternal Coat-Armour of her Mothers Father Peter Earl of St Paul Surnamed of Luxemburg Secondly Quarterly Gules a Starr Argent and Azure semeé of Flower de Luces Or the third as the second the fourth as the first by the name of Baux and were the Arms of this Queen Elizabeths Grandmother Margaret the daughter of Francis de Baux Duke of Andree Thirdly Barry of 10 Argent and Azure over all a Lyon rampant Gules Luzignian Ciprus Fourthly Gules three Bendletts Argent a Chief parted per Fess Argent charged with a red Rose and Or being the Arms of her great Grandmother Susan daughter of the Earl of Vrsins and Wife of Francis de Baux aforesaid Duke of Andree The fifth is Gules 3 Pallets varry Argent and Azure on a Chief Or a Label of five points Azure borne by the name of St Paul and was the Arms of _____ Countess of St Paul the Wife of Guy of Luxemburg the great Grandfathers Father of Queen Elizabeth who in the sixth and last quarter placed her Paternal Coat of Woodvile viz. Argent a Fesse and Canton Gules Thus were these several Coats Marshalled for the honour of this Queen to shew the illustrious Nobility of her Maternal Dâ—scent and impaled in the Royal Escocheon with those of King Edward IV. who first of all our Kings married his Subject in imitation of which many afterwards did the like which so increased that of late some have packed near One hundred in one Shield And this is to shew their right for it was objected against Richard Duke of York when he claimed the Crown as heir to Lionel Duke of Clarence that he did not bear the said Dukes Arms But he answered thereunto That he might lawfully have done it but did forbear it for a time as he did from making his claim to the Crown The Titl son this Seal and those in her Instrument to which it is annexed are alike in which she writes herself Elizabetha Deigracia Regina Anglie et Francie Domina Hibernie It bears date sub magno sigillo nostro apud Castrum de Wyndesore vicesimo sexto die Maij anno Regni metuendissimi Domini mei Regis Edwardi quarti post conquestum Anglie sexto Ex Chartis Dom Hen Com Huntington F. 3 fol. 60. usque 65. in Coll. Arm. The same Impalement of King Edward IV. and this Queen Elizabeth is painted on a Banner in I. 2. Standards in Coll. Armorum and her Quarterings aloue were painted in the fourth West-Window of the Cloisters at Fotheringhay This Queen Elizabeth Edward Halle fol. 124. b. the daughter of Sir Richard Widevile Kt. afterwards created Earl Rivers by his Wife Jaquetta Duchess of of Bedford the Relict of John Duke of Bedford and daughter of Peter of Luxemburg Earl of St Paul was King Edward's Wife 18 years 11 months and 9 dayes not more fortunate in attaining to the height of worldly honour than unhappy in the murther of her two sons and loss of her own liberty for in the beginning of her Husbands Reign she was forced to take sanctuary at Westminster where her first son Prince Edward was born and at his death did the like for fear of the Protector Richard Duke of Glocester And lastly having all her Possessions seized on by King Henry VII lived in mean Estate in the Monastery of Bermondsey in Southwarke where not long after she left the troubles of her life and enjoyed a quiet Burial Place by her later Husband King Edward IV. at Windsor of whom she had obtained licence to finish the Foundation of Queens-Colledge in Cambridge begun by Queen Margaret of Anjou her immediate Predecessor which was accomplished in the sixth year of his Reign Warwick being informed that the wanton King had got a new Wife and that in his courting the Lady Bona he had only beaten the bush abroad but King Edward at home had taken the Bird upon his return dissembled his discontent till drawing to his party his two Brothers the Archbishop of York and the Marquis Mountacute attempting likewise the Kings two Brothers Clarence and Glocester but not daring to trust the reservedness of the latter he proceeds upon the first whom he found as ready to agree in complaints against his Brother Richard Grafton j. 200. as the Earl of Warwick was to urge the wrongs he had done him by the King which bred such a compliance betwixt them that Clarence taking to Wife the Earls daughter was then acquainted with his intention to restore King Henry to which the Duke of Clarence gave approbation and promised his utmost assistance Whil'st thus
Palatinate according to the famous Treaty at Munster An. 1648. by which he was constreined to quit all his Right to the Vpper Palatinate and except of an Eighth Electorship at a juncture of time when the King of England had he not been engaged at home by an impious Rebellion had been the most considerable of all other at that Treaty and this Prince his Nephew would have had the greatest advantages there In the year 1650. he took to Wife Charlote Daughter of William V. Landgrave of Hessen and of Elizabeth Emilia of Hanaw at Cassel by which Lady he hath Issue Charles born the 31 of March 1651. at Heidelberg to whom is lately married _____ Sister of Christian V. King of Denmark Frederick his second Son born the 17th of May 1653. And a Daughter called Charlote who is the second Wife of Philip only Brother of Lewis XIV the French King Duke of Orleans Valois and Chartres Earl of Blois and Mountargys 20. Rupert Count Palatine of the Rhine Quarterly Sable a Lion rampant Or crowned Gules and Bendy Lozengy Argent and Arure Duke of Bavaria and Cumberland Bucellinus pars prima in Genealogica Germanniae notitia p. 45. Earl of Holderness and Knight of the Garter third Son born at Prague the 17th of December 1619. not long before that unfortunate Battel there fought whereby not only all Bohemia was lost but the Palatine Family for almost thirty years outed of all their Possessions in Germany He had not exceeded the 13 year of his age when with the then Prince of of Orange he marched to the Siege of Rhineberg and afterwards in England was created Knight of the Garter At the age of eighteen he commanded a Regiment of Horse in the German Wars and in the Battel of Vlota 1638. being taken by the Imperialists under the command of Count Hatzfield he continued a Prisoner above three years In 1642. returning into England he was made General of the Horse to King Charles I. his Uncle and had his victorious Sword crowned with several Successes and his Person rewarded with the Dignities of Earl of Holderness and also Duke of Cumberland upon the extinction of the Male Line of the Cliffords An. 1643. But at last the Kings Forces at Land being totally defeated he transported himself into France and was afterwards made Admiral of such Ships of War as submitted to His present Majesty King Charles II. to whom after divers disasters at Sea and wonderfull preservations he returned to Paris An. 1652. where and in Germany at the Emperors Court and at Heydelberg he passed his time in Princely Studies and Exercises till the happy Restauration of His Majesty now Reigning After which returning again into England he was made a Privy Councellor in the year 1662. Since which time in several Naval Expeditions against the States of the United Provinces he hath given many demonstrations of his Conduct and wonted Courage His Highness is now Constable of His Majesties Royal Castle of Windsor and after all the fatigues of War and signal Services to this Crown enjoys the fruit of his Labours viz. the favor of his King the love of his Country and a happy Peace 20. Maurice Count Palatine of the Rhine Quarterly Sable a Lion rampart Or crowned Gules and Bendy Lozengy Argent and Azure Duke of Bavaria and Knight of the Garter fourth Son of Frederick King of Bohemia and Queen Elizabeth of England born the 17th day of December 1620. came over into England with his Brother Prince Rupert in September An. 1642. where in the War against the Rebellious Subjects of his Uncle King Charles I. he behaved himself with much Valor and Conduct particularly before the City of Exeter which being closely besieged by him was surrendred upon Articles on the 3d day of September An. 1643. Several other signal Services he performed in the time of his being in England till the Kings Forces being totally defeated he betook himself to Sea and commanding some Ships for the West Indies perished by Shipwrack in a Hurrycane not far from the Caribby Islands An. _____ 20. Edward Quarterly Sable a Lion rampant Or crowned Gules and Bendy Lozengy Argent and Azure Impaling Gonzaga Count Palatine of the Rhine Duke of Bavaria Les Grandeurs de la Maison de France p. 142. and Knight of the Garter fifth Son born at the Hague Oct. 6. An. 1624. He took to Wife Anne de Gonzaga de Cleves Daughter and Coheir to the last Duke of Nevers in France Sister to the Queen of Poland and Aunt to the Empress Mary de Gonzaga and by her had Issue three Daughters viz. Anne de Bavaria married to Henry Julius de Bourbon Duke of d'Anghien Prince of the Blood Peeâ— and High Steward of France eldest Son of the Prince of Conde and hath Issue N. de Bourbon born in February An. 1666. Benedicta of Bavaria second Daughter of Prince Edward was married at Hanouer to John Frederick Prince of Hanouer Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburgh N. of Bavaria third Daughter 20. Philip Count Palatine of the Rhine and Duke of Bavaria the sixth Son of Frederick King of Bohemia was born at the Hague on the 16 26 day of September in the year 1627. He did bear the like Armd as did his Brother Prince Edward He fell in the Battel near St. Stephens the 15th day of December 1650. 20. Gustavus Count Palatine the seventh and youngest Son was born at the Hague the 14th day of January 1632. and died in January 1641. 20. Elizabeth She doth bear on a Lozenge the Palatinate and Bavaria quarterly Princess Palatine eldest Daughter of Frederick V. Count Palatine of the Rhine and Elizabeth onely Daughter living of King James was born the 26th of December An. 1618. She is now living in Germany unmarried being Abbess of Hervorden but of the Protestant Religion 20. Lovisa Hollandina On a Lozenge the Arms of the Palatinate and Bavaria quarterly Princess Palatine second Daughter of Frederick King of Bohemia and Elizabeth of England was bred up at the Hague by her Mother in the Religion of the Church of England at length embracing the Romish Religion is Lady Abbess of Maubuisson at Ponthoise not far from Paris 20. Henrietta Princess Palatine third Daughter of Frederick King of Bohemia and Elizabeth of England died upon the 18th of September An. 1651. She was the Wife of N. Prince of Transilvania 20. Charlote Princess Palatine fourth Daughter born Anno 1628. 20. Sophia On a Lozenge quarterly the Palatinate and Bavaria impapaled by Brunswick viz. Gules two Lions passant guardant Or armed and langued Azure Princess Palatine fifth and youngest Daughter born at the Hague the 13th of October An. 1630. And in the year 1658. wedded to Ernest Auguste Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburgh Bishop of Osnaburgh and Free Prince of Germany Heir to the Dutchy of Brunswick by whom she hath three Sons and a Daughter Of these three Princesses Elizabeth
Arms the Lyon of Aquitain of the same Mettal in a Field of that Colour in the Right of Elianor his Wife Heir of that Countrey and for this cause are they painted for the Conquerour upon the Tomb of Queen Elizabeth in Henry VII Chappel at Westminster impaled with those of Queen MAND of Flanders his Wife viz. Gironne of eight pieces Or and Azure an Ineschocheon Gules Arms attributed to the Forresters and First Earls of Flanders to the time of Robert the Frison Olivarius Uredus in Sigilla Com. Flandriae p. 6. and the Arms also of King Henry I. impaleing them of Queen Maud of Scotland viz Or a Lyon rampant within a double Tressure counter-flowry Gules when indeed Impalements were not known before the time of Henry the Thirds if so soon as I shall prove in its proper place To pass by the Poetical Fictions of Devises assigned to the Trojan and Grecian Captains those attributed to Solomon David and Josbua yea and our Saviour himself by Monks Poets and Painters Hen. Spelman Eq. Anr. in Aspilogia p. 41. We may upon better grounds not only note the Devises of several Romans upon their Consular Coins Carolus Patin in Antiquis Numismatibus c. pag. 257. 313. but take a view of their Practice in the time of Trajan the Emperour upon whose Pillar one of the Worlds most famous Monuments in being are not only variety of Devises but also the exact form and difference of the Roman German and Dacian Shields But to confine my self within the limits of my Story and to prove that Devises were in use about the time of the Conquerour we may note in the Challenge of Geffrey Martell Earl of of Anjou returned him being only Duke of Normandy near Damfront by Roger de Montgomery and others where the Earl that he might be the better known to the Duke describes Qualem Equum in praelio sit habiturus quate SCUTUM qualem vestitum and Roger on the behalf of the Duke of Normandy Equum vicissim Domini sui praefignat vestitum ARMA Gesta Will. Ducis Normanuiae pag. 113. Upon this ground Samuel Daniel in his History of the Conquerour's Life pag. 26 surnished with what other Authority I know not enlargeth thus That Count Martell made this return by Roger de Montgomery viz. Tell the Duke to morrow by day-break he shall have me there on a White Horse ready to give him the Combate and I will enter Damfront if I can and to the end he shall know me I will wear a SHIELD d' OR without any devise Roger replies Sir you shall not need to take the pains for to morrow morning you shall have the Duke in this place mounted on a Bay Horse and that you may know him he shall wear on the point of his Launce a STREAMER OF TAFFATA to wipe your face Here was a Shield d' Or of Gold without any Devise which implies that Devises were used in that time but it seameth onely momentary taken up and laid down at pleasure For had they been personal that is for life Count Geffrey might have been as well known by his Devise as Families are by their Arms at this day And its probable the reason why the Shields of that Age were lest Blanks or of one Simple Colour or Mettal was to receive the Impress of every Fancy that either pleased the Bearer or the Painter CHAP. I. THere had been a continued Succession of Six Dukes of Normandy Gesta Norman ex Veteri Codice M.S. pag. 213. beginning with ROLLO who being a Nobleman of Denmarke came forth with the exuberancie of his Nation and compelled Charles surnamed the simple King of France by force of Armes to make him Duke of Normandy To Rollo succeeded his Son William the Second Duke called Longue-Espee or Long-Sword Father of Richard Third Duke of Normandy who had issue Richard surnamed the Hardy and Emma Wife of King Etheldred Mother of St. Edward the Confessor Will. Malmesh Will. Gemmeticonfis p. 230. d. 231. a b c. King of England from whom our succeeding Monarchs derive the Cure of the Kings Evil. Richard Duke of Normandy II. of the Name surnamed the Hardy had two Sons Richard and Robert Richard succeeded his Father by the Name of Richard III. and was Fifth Duke of Normandy who deceasing without issue the Dutchy came to his Brother Robert the Sixth Duke of Normandy Father of this WILLIAM II. of the Name Seventh Duke of Normandy and Conquerour of England begotten on Arlot a Skinners Daughter of Falais Rob. of Glocester whom he affected for her Beauty and Comely Dancing which he by chance beheld among her Countrey Companions WILLIAM thus meanly generated yet wanted not before and at his Birth Presages of his future Greatness for his Mother being with-child of Him The Norman Dinasty had a Dream like that of Mandana Mother of Cyrus the First Persian Book I. Monarch that her Bowells were extended over all Normandy and England and even his Bastardy seemed to have an allay if it be true as * Will. Malmesh lib. 3. in principio Ingulph lib. 6. cap. 19. some write that his Father took Arlot to Wife Nor was Bastardy at that time accounted a scandal or reproach for this WILLIAM in his Grant to Alan Earl of Brittain of the Lands of Earl Edwin in Yorkshire styles himself WILLIAM surnamed Bastard King of England it being then also a general Custom in France that Bastards did succeed even in Dignities of highest condition as Children lawfully begotten Scevola Louis de St. Marthe lib. 2. p. 68. Thierry Bastard of Clouis had for his Appennage with the Lawful Children of the said Clouis the Kingdom of Austrasia now called Lorrain so likewise in England Harold surnamed Harefoot Bastard to Canutus succeeded him in the Kingdom before Hardy-Canutus his Lawful Son The like Custom hath also been observed in Spain and Portugal and its probable this use was grounded upon often experience that Bastards as begotten in the highest heat and strength of affection have many times been Men of excellent proof both in courage and understanding But however it was Duke Robert esteemed our WILLIAM worthy to be his Successor for undertaking his Pilgrimage to the Holy-Land whether out of Devotion or Penance for procuring his Brother Richards Death whereof he was suspected he caused his Nobles to swear Allegiance to WILLIAM and after his Death to receive him for their Prince being then onely Nine years old the Tuition of whom he left to his Brothers and the Guardianship of his person to Henry the First King of France Will. Gemmet lib. 6. oh 7. into whose Custody he delivered him with his own hands that King owing Robert a kindness for former assistance in the preservation of his Crown But Duke Robert's Journey and Life ending together the Nobles of Normandy by much intreaty got him out of the French Kings hands thinking by his presence to awe his
Vert a Lyon Rampant Gules second Daughter of King Iohn Pat. An. 10 H. 3. n. 〈◊〉 a Tergo was Marryed to William Marshall the younger Earl of Penbrooke in the tenth year of King Henry III. her Brother who was at first much displeased with the Earl about this Match with his Sister but afterwards became reconciled unto him who deceasing without issue An. 1231. The King after seven years Widdowhood gave her with his own hand to Simon Montfort Earl of Leicester and Steward of England Son of Simon Earl of Montfort in France Matth. Paris p. 455. n. 41. by Amitia Daughter and Co-heir of Robert Blanchmains Earl of Leicester to whom she was Re-marryed in St. Stephens Chappel in the Kings Pallace at Westminster Claus 19 H. 3. m. 1. upon the seventh day of Ianuary 1238. Her Second Husband Simon Montfort Earl of Leicester did bear Gules a Lyon rampant queave forchè Argent which Armes are Carved in Stone and Painted upon the North-wall in the Abbey of Westminster Anno 22 H. 3. and had a Dower seâ—led upon her by Earl Simon out of his Estate in Ireland Pat. an 28 H. 3. Anno 28 H. 3. in the 45 year of whose Reign this Simon Earl of Leicester and Elianor his Wife Pat. an 45 H. 3.20 Julii n. 17. fell into the displeasure of the King her Brother by Heading the Barons against Him which though the Queen of France was chosen Umpire to decide the quarrel never had end till the Battel of Evesham finished both the dispute and this Earles life in the year 1265. An. 49 H. 3. after whose death the Countess Elianor and her Children were inforced to forsake England so that she died in the Nunnery of Montarges in France Henry Montfort their Eldest Son Matth. Paris 998. n 26. Ralph Brook Yorke-Herald was slain with his Father at Evesham Simon Second Son was Earl of Bigore and Ancestor of a Family of Montforts in that part of France Almaricke her Third Son was first a Priest and Treasurer of the Cathedral Church of Yorke and afterwards a Knight and a valiant Servitor in several Warrs beyond Sea Guy the Fourth Son was Earl of Angleria in Italy and Progenitor of the Montforts in Tuscany and of the Earl of Campobachi in the Kingdom of Naples Richard the Fifth Son remained privately in England and changing his Name from Montfort to Welesborne was Ancestor of the Welesbornes in England She had also a Daughter named Elianor born in England educated in France and married into Wales to Prince Ll'ewellen ap Gruffith 6. ISSABEL Matth. Paris p. 414. n. 80.415 416 417. Empress of Germany Third Daughter of King John born An. 1214. was in the one and twentieth year of her age with great splendor sent into Germany with the Bishop of Exeter and the Arch-bishop of Cullen who pronouneed her Empress as Proxie from the Emperor Frederick II. to whom she was married in the City of Wormes upon the XIII of the Kalends of August viz. the 20th day of July in the year 1235. Frederick II. Emperor of Almain did bear Or an Eagle displayed Sable which Arms are carved in stone and painted upon the wall of the North-Isle in the Abbey of Westminster with a Portion of 30000 Markes a rich Imperial Crown imbellished with precious Stones and many other Jewels She had issue by Him Henry appointed to be King of Sicilie Matth. Paris p. 889. n. 46. Matth. Paris p. 578. n. 15. who dyed in the Moneth of May An. 1254. and Margaret Wife of Albert Lantgrave of Thuringen she was his Wife six years and then to the great grief of the Emperor died in Child-bed on the first day of December An. 1241. The Triumphs both in her Journey and at the Solemnization of her Nuptials are particularly recited by my Author Mathew Paris As also the Letter at large sent from the Emperor Frederick II. Mat. West p. 306. n. 43. to his Brother King Henry III. to condole with him after her death highly expressing his grief and sadness for the loss of so excellent a Consort Natural Issue of King JOHN 6. RICHARD Who Married Rohesia Tho. Milles p. 134. Matth. Paris p. 298. n. 47. the Daughter and Heire of Fulbert de Dover who built Chilham-Castle in Kent and by her had that Castle and a fair Inheritance and likewise two Daughters and Co-heirs viz. Lora Wife of William Marmion of Polesworth in Warwickshire from whom are descended the Dimocks of Scriuelby in the County of Lincolne the Ferrers of Tamworth and Baddesley the Willonghbyes of Wollaton and the Astons of Staffordshire Issabel their Second Daughter and Co-heire was Marryed to David de Strabolgy Earl of Athol who by her had Chilham in Kent whose heires general were the Lord Burgh and the Zouches of Codnor E Bibliatheca Cottoniana Ricardus filius Regis Johannis I suppose this Richard so stiled in his Confirmation of the Lands of Hugh de Byre in Chappellangere to the Church of our Lady de Cleue hath his Seal of Green-Wax affixed thereunto in which are Two Lyons passant guardant and circumscribed SIGILLVM RICARDI DE VAREN… The Figure of which is in the 57 Page of this Second Book 6. GEOFREY FITZ-ROY another Natural Son who Thomas Milles p. 134. when his Father King John was not permitted by Hubert Arch-bishop of Canterbury to transport His Army at Portsmouth into France was sent over with the same Army to Rochell and there died 6. SIR JOHN COVRCY these are the words of Robert the Monke of Glocester was King Johns Son Bastard Rob. f Glocest p. 247. b. and nourished at the Priory of * If not Stoke Garsey Stegurcy in Somersetshire in youth was made Earl of Vlvester in Ireland the first of English-Tongue and after him the kindred of the Burghes 6. OSBERT GIFFORD Claus 17 Johannis pars 2. m. 16. 21. Novembris Another base Son of King John to whom His said Father in the Seventeenth year of His Reign commanded the Sheriff of Oxfordshire to deliver 30 l Land of the Estate of Thomas de Ardern in that County 6. OLIVER Claus 1. H. 3. p. 2. m. 23. Claus 2. Hen. 3. p. 1. m. 9. Mat. Westminster p. 278. n. 46. Thomas Milles p. 134. A Natural Son of King John called Olivarius frater Regis Henrici tertii mentioned in Records in the Reign of King Henry the Thrid He was at the Siege of Damieta with Saher de Quincy Earl of Winchester and William de Albaney Earl of Arundell and several other Noblemen of England 6. JOANE A Natural Daughter of King John was Married to Llewellen the Great Prince of North-wales to whom her Father with her gave the Lordship of Ellesmere in the Marches of North-Wales Pat. An. 13 H. 3. she had issue by him David who did homage to King Henry III. at Westminster upon the 13th day of October An. Pat. an 16
H. 3. 1229. in the 16th year of whose Reign this Joane had safe conduct to come to the Town of Salop. She had issue also by Prince Llewellen two Daughters W. 174. viz. Wentelina called also Joane Married to Sir Reginald de Brewes Genealegia in Officie Armâ—rum and Margaret the Wife of John de Brewes Son of the aforesaid Reginald by whom she had issue William de Brewes Lord of Gower c. from whom many Noble Families derive their descent 6. HENRY III. An. Dom. 1216. KING of ENGLAND LORD of IRELAND DUKE of NORMANDY and AQVITAINE and EARL of ANJOV surnamed of WINCHESTER CHAP. IV. King Henry the III. did bear the Armes of his Father viz. Gules 3 Lyons passant guardant or which are yet standing in several Windowes in the Abbey of Westminster and also Carved Painted and Gilt on the Wall of the South-Isle in the said Abbey And the Shields on both his Seals represented in the 56 Page of this Second Book are charged with the same Armes Upon which counter-Seals the King is represented on Horseback according to the Custome of His Predecessors but with the addition of a Crown upon his Helmet in both of them Upon what occasion he assumed it in his first Seal I cannot guess but when He abridg'd His Stile He wrote Himself King of England on His Counter-Seal also and therefore might add a Diadem to His Figure on Horseback The Seales of Queen Elianor of Provence His Wife pag. 57. are charged on the Reverses with Shields of King Henrics Armes only for Impalements were not then in use but in the Windows of the said Abbey there remain intire Escocheons of Her Armes being Or four Paletts Gules And also the like Shield is Embossed Painted and Gilt in the South-Isle of Westminster-Abbey and superscribed RAIMUNDUS COMES PROVINCIE for her Father who being a Branch of the Royal House of Arragon did bear the Armes of that Kingdome transmitted to them from Geaffery the Hairy Count of Barcelona who fighting valiantly for the Emperour Lewis le Debonnaire against the Normans and after the Battel coming to the Emperour all covered with Blood which ran out of his wounds he dipped his four Fingers therein and drew them down the Earles Shield of Gold which afterwards came to be the Armes of Arragon and are so continued to our time among the Quarterings of the King of Spain for that Kingdome being as I said before Or four Paletts gutes IN this Distraction of the Kingdom Prince Henry the Eldest Son of King John and Queen Issabel of Engolesm His Third Wife Robert of Glocester p. 284. a. born at Winchester upon the Feast of St. Remigius being the First day of October in the Eighth year of His Fathers Reign An. 1206. a Child of about Nine years old is Crowned with great Solemnity at Glocester Ibidem p. 288. b. upon the V. of the Kalends of November viz. the 28 Day of October An. 1216. by the Bishops of Winchester and Bathe And the Administration of the Government with the tuition of His Person Matth. Paris p. 289. n. 12. Matth. West p. 277. n. 5 committed to William Marshal the valiant Earl of Penbrook who with Guallo the Popes Legate and the Bishops of Winchester Bath and Worcester use all meanes for the returne of the Barons to their Natural Prince from Prince Lewis this Excommunicated stranger who still held London and the parts adjacent and their endeavours the confession of the Viscount Melun a Frenchman Ibidem p. Ibidem n. 28. of Prince Lewis his design utterly to extinguish the English Nation contributing had such effect that first William Earl of Salisbury with many others by his example left him and Swore Fealty to King Henry who keeps about Bristol Worcester and Glocester till opportunity was found of drawing the Enemy from the Head into the Body of the Kingdom for the relief of the Castles of Mountsorrill and Lincoln which City the French being Masters of Matth Paris p. 294. n. 30. was by the Earl of Penbrook and his Son William the Bishops of Winchester and Salisbury the Earls of Chester Salisbury Ferrers and Albemarle and many other Barons with all the power of the young King assaulted and taken with many prisoners of note the Earl of Perch killed and the French Forces utterly defeated whereupon Lewis sends for fresh Succors out of France which also being overthrown at Sea by Philip d'Aubeny Hubert de Burgo and the Forces of the Cinque-ports An. 1218. On the Eleventh of September he comes to an accord to take 15000. Markes for his Voyage Abjure his Claime and endeavour to dispose his Father to the Restitution of our Claimes in France which when himself came to be King he promised freely to do Whereupon about the Michaelmas following he is honourably attended to Dover a General Pardon granted the Legate and the Protector on the young Kings behalf undertaking to the Barons for all their Priviledges And as well to keep them in Action whom the War had bred as to unburthen the Country of strangers Ranulph Blundevile Earl of Chester Matth. Westm p. 278. n. 42. Sear de Quincy Earl of Winchester and William de Albeney Earl of Arundel are sent out with great Forces to the Holy Land when to the great regret of the Kingdom William Marshall Earl of Pembroke dies and his Charge is conferr'd on the Bishop of Winchester with other great Councellors The young King is again Crowned Matth. Paris p. 309. n. 36. and an Escuage of Two Markes upon every Knights Fee granted Him by Parliament Anno 1219. and being encouraged from Poicton and Guyen to some design upon France Ibidem p. 313. n. 14. to strengthen his Alliance at home Anno 1220. he Contracts his Sister Joane to Alexander King of Scots who gives his Sister Margaret to Hubert de Burgh lately made Chief Justiciar of England Anno 1222. The King in a Parliament at London is now by the Arch-bishop of Canterbury put in mind what had been promised for Him upon the Peace with Prince Lewis as to the restoring the Peoples Rights which was then again by Him promised but by the Artifice of some deferr'd which causes the Earles of Chester and Albemarle at Leicester to design the removal of Hubert de Burgo and others the supposed obstructors Matth. Westm p. 283. n. 3. but by the interposition of the Arch-bishop of Canterburies Spiritual power Anno 1223. they submit And two years after in a Parliament held at Westminster Anno 1225. a Fifteenth of all Moveables of the Clergy and Laity is demanded for recovery of his Possessions in France witheld by Lewis now King contrary to his Promises in England which Subsidy upon the Confirmation of their Priviledges and Disforestations both grateful things to the Subject is likewise granted But this happy state lasted not above two years for in a Parliament at Oxford as
effecting of their Designes by force which puts the King to His shifts for Money and when the Parliament meet again they come thither Armed and force the new Confirmation of their Priviledges and Twelve Conservators to Govern the Kingdom And now Leicester Glocester and l'Despenser inforce the King to call a Parliament at London wherein the Authority of the 24 is delivered unto them and they absolved from their Allegiance if these things were not made good Matth. Paris p. 983. n. 50. when Richard King of the Romans comes over into England Anno 1259. but could not by the Barons be permitted to Land till he had condescended to take an Oath not to alter the Government of the Kingdom as then established Notwithstanding the King uses all meanes to revoke this and recover His Power and in order thereunto seeks to be absolved from Rome hath Aides out of Scotland and to be secure from France for 300000 l. resigns His whole Interest to Normandy Anno 1259. Anjou Nangius de Gest S. Lud. Fran. Reg. Matth. Paris p. 989. n. 13 Poictou Tourain and Main does homage for Guien Limosin and Quercy and thenceforth abridg'd His Stile and changed His Seal using a Scepter in place of a Sword whereupon these Monkish Verses were written MCCLIX God grant Firm Peace thou fix Poictou Anjou Normans To France range you New Seales are made Old Stiles forsaken Down laid the Blade Scepters up taken Est MCCLIX utinam concordia foelix Johannes Tilius Andegavis Pictavis Neustria gente relicta Anglorum dantur tibi France Sigilla novantur Nomina tolluntur fugit Ensis Sceptra geruntur The Figures of both His Great Seals being delineated in the 56 Page of this Second Book will more particularly satisfie the Reader in this Alteration in the first of which He is stiled HENRICUS DEI GRATIA REX ANGLIE DOMINUS HIBERNIE and on the Counter-Seal HENRICUS DUX NORMANNIE ET AQUITANNIE COMES ANDEGAVIE on which he is Figured sitting on His Throne with a Sword in His Right hand and a Globe in His Left But in His Second Seal He omits Normandy and Anjou using on both sides of His Seal this Circumscription viz. HENRICUS DEI GRATIA REX ANGLIE DOMINUS HIBERNIE DUX AQUITANNIE and in place of the Sword in His Right Hand He holds the Scepter of St. Edward or the Dove The Barons on the other side use all arts to strengthen their association and France is made Arbiter of the Quarrel Matth. Paris p. 992. n. 4. who condemns the Provisions of Oxford but allows the confirmation of King Johns Charter An. 1263. upon which Henry Son to the Earl of Cornwall Roger de Clifford Roger de Leyborne Hamon l'Estrange and many others depart from the Barons The Earl of Leicester shortly after having combined with Llewellin Prince of Wales Matth. Westm p. 382. n. 18. invades Mortimers Lands in those parts who is aided by the Prince whilst Leicester recovers the Castle and Town of Glocester Matth. Paris p. 992. n. 52. makes the Citizens to Redeem themselves with 1000 l. and subduing Worcester Anno 1264. Shrewsbury and the Isle of Ely begins to grow very considerable which the King fearing calls a Parliament and a Peace is concluded upon Condition That all the Kings Castles should be put into the Barons hands The Provisions of Oxford observed And all the Strangers to depart the Kingdom But the Prince still holding out Windsor-Castle it is besieged and taken by the Earl of Leicester Ibidem p. 993. n. The King calls another Parliament and therein gaines several Lords to His Party and with them the Prince Richard Earl of Cornwall Henry his Son and William de Valence Marches to Oxford whither many Scotish and Northern Nobility repaire to Him Mat. Paris p. 385. n. 29. and thence with all His Forces to Northampton where young Montford the Earl of Leicesters Son with fourteen of the Principal of the Faction are made Prisoners thence to Nottingham making spoil of all the Barons Possessions in those parts In the mean while Leicester drawes towards London and offers 30000 Markes to the King for Damages done in the Wars so that the Statutes of Oxford might be observed which not being accepted Battel of Lewes The King in this battel had a Dragon carried before Him for His Royal Ensign and Simon Montfort to signifie the justness of His Quarrel caused his Soldiers to put white Crosses upon their Armour the Earl is constrained to put it to the hazard of a Battel near Lewes in Sussex Matth. Paris p. 995. 996. Matth. Paris p. 387. n. 6. where by a Stratagem he gaines the day 5000 are slain upon the place the King Prince Earl of Cornwall and his son Henry the Earles of Arundel and Hereford and all the Scotish Lords taken prisoners Valence and Marshall save themselves by flight Leicester carries the King along with him a whole year and a half to countenance his Actions in which time he takes in most of the Strong Holds of the Kingdom only the Prince escaping out of Hereford Castle gathers some Forces and gaining the Earl of Glocester brought many more hands to him with several places of strength both in England and Wales Matth. Paris p. 997. 998. and with them in a Plain near Evesham gives Battel to Simon Montfort Earl of Leicester who Battel of Evesham finding himself not able to withstand Prince Edwards Forces said An. 1265. Let us commit our Soules to God for our Bodies are theirs and so undertaking the weight of the Battel like another Cateline fell there accompanied in his death by his son Henry and eleven other Barons The Captive King thus freed by His victorious Son Anno 1266. calls a Parliament at Winchester wherein all the Barons of Leicesters party who still maintain several strong Holds in the Kingdom are disinherited and the King Marches against them and at Northampton two of Leicesters sons submit but they that escape the Battel at Evesham Matth. Westm p. 398. n. 20. make good the Isle of Ely where the Prince goes to reduce them causes Bridges to be made of Boates enters the Island in several places and constraines them to yield Then revenge must be taken upon Llewellin for succoring Montfort and Glocester Matth. Paris p. 1004. n. 47. but he redeemes Himself with 32000 l. Sterling The next year Prince Edward undertakes the Holy Warr and for supplies Pawnes Gascoigne to France for 30000 Markes and two yeares after Anno. 1269. with His Wife then as it prov'd young with Child sets forward with great resolution Matth. Paris p. 1006 n. 36. towards the Holy Land but effects no great matter And whilst this preparation is in hand King Henry labours to establish the Peace of the Kingdom and to reforme the excesses which the Warr had bred and the same year Assembles His last Parliament at Marleborough where
Dreux Fourth Son of King Lewis the Gross gave for Arms also Eschequy Or and Azure a Border Gules And Peter of France Fifth Son of the said King Marrying Isabel Lady of Courtenay and Montargis gave the Arms of Regnand de Courtenay her Father viz. Or three Torteaux and called himself by that Surname This Richard being afterwards Elected King of the Romans gave Or an Eagle displayed Sable which is Carved on the Wall of the North Isle in Westminster Abbey and also over the Gate of the Abbey of Ruley near Oxford Founded by the said Richard KIng John had Issue onely Two Sons Henry that succeeded Him in His Kingdom c. by the Name of King Henry the Third And this RICHARD his second Son both by Isabell of Engolesm his third Wife Robert of Glocester p. 284 a. Lib. Theokesburiae M. S. Vincent p. 135. He was born in the year 1209. the Tenth of His Fathers Reign who when He died left him very young not eight years old Afterwards this RICHARD was by King Henry the Third his Brother a Matth. Paris p. 311. num 50. made Knight on Candlemas-day An. 1225. And in the same year viz. The Ninth of Henry the Third b Ibidem p. 312. num 10. created Earl of Poictiers and Cornwal by which Titles he wrote himself in a c Ex Cartis Edv. Walker Militis Gart. Prin. Regis Armorum Grant whereunto his own Seal is annexed Dederat ei Rex as Paris recites it antequam illum miserat ad partes transmarinas Cornubiae Comitatum cum tota Pictavia unde ab omnibus Comes Pictavensis vocabatur In the Twelfth year of whose Reign the said King gave him all the Lands in England belonging to Reginald Dampmartin Earl of Bollogne and after the death of William Earl of Holland Emperor of the West This RICHARD was elected King of the Romans Lib. Theokesburiae M. S. Pat. An. 41 Hen. 3. a tergo Rob. of Glocester p. 293 a. Ibidem p. 295 b. An. 1256. and the next year viz. 1257. he went into Germany with a Noble Train and was upon the Twenty seventh day of May being Ascension-day Crowned King of the Romans and of Almain at Aquisgrave in Germany by Conrade Archbishop of Cullen In a Letter to Simon de Montford and Gilbert de Clare he wrote himself RICHARD By the Grace of God King of the Romans ever Augustus To give you His Charater He was a Prince both skilful and valiant in the time of War so prudent in His Councils that what Fortune denied him in Battel He supplied by his Wisdom and Advice And though it was feared that those unkindnesses which he received from King Henry his Brother in the beginning of his Reign might have inclined him to take part with the Barons Yet came they to so timely a good understanding that he ever after faithfully adhered to him in all the changes of his Fortune being taken prisoner with the said King at the Battel of Lewes Pat. An. 55 Hen. 3. num 23. a tergo and having with others been twice constituted Governor of England during the Kings absence and employed in several other Commands both abroad and at home He got much Money by Farming the Mint and the Jews of the King and had so great an Estate in England that he is reported to be able to dispend Four hundred Marks per diem during Ten years being indeed as well furnished with Wealth as his Brother was needy Whereupon as if Money had made the way to his New Kingdom this Verse was common in every ones Mouth Nummus ait pro me nubit Cornubia Romae For me my Money sayeth this Cornwal to Rome now wedded is Or thus Money saith that for her sake Rome did Cornwal to wife take But now as he who pays dear for an Office expects that it should repay him again so Earl Richard having given infinitely to compass his advancement looked to re-emburse himself by the place and this and the desire he had to revenge himself upon those that had opposed his Election put him upon such violent courses that he came soon to be dispossessed forsaken and forced to return into England a poorer King then he went out an Earl Of Wives this RICHARD had a Pair Royal His First Marriage Three the first of which Rob. of Glocester p. 290 b. was Isabel the Third Daughter of William Marshal Earl of Pembroke Sister and Coheir of Anselm Marshal Earl of Pembroke Marshal did bear Party Per Pale Or and Vers a Lion Rampant Gules Which Arms are Painted in the Chapter-House of the Cathedral at Salisbury Brother to William Richard and Gilbert and Brother and Heir to Walter all Earls of Pembroke successively Widow of Gilbert de Clare Earl of Glocester whom he took to Wife in the year 1230. An. 14 Hen. 3. Milles p 553. Vincent p. 135. In the Margin She wrote herself Countess of Cornwal and Glocester and deceasing her Body was buried at Bellum-locum or Belleland but her Heart she ordained to be sent in a Silver Cup to her Brother the Abbot of Theokesbury to be there Interred before the High Altar which was accordingly done Upon which these following Verses were composed Postremo voto legavit Cor Comitissa Pars melior toto fuit hic pro corpore missa Lib. M. S. in Officio Armorum Notat L. 15. p. 2. Haec dimisit Dominum recolendo Priorent Huc Cor quod misit verum testatur amoreni His Second Marriage His Second Wife was Sanchia Cart. 36 Hen. 3. part 1. m. 10. Robert of Glocester p. 290 b. Matth. Paris p. 587. Milles p. 553. Third Daughter and one of the Heirs of Raymond Berengar Earl of Provence Sister to Queen Eleanor Wife of his Brother King Henry married to him An. The Arms of Raymond Earl of Provence were Or Four Palets Gules which are Carved in the South Isle of Westminster Abbey and Painted in the Chapter-House Windows and several other Windows in the said Abbey 1243. Being one of those Four Daughters of an Earl that by Marriage came to be exalted to the Thrones of so many Kings an Example not to be paralelled in any History She was Crowned with her husband and died at Berkhamsted on the Fifth of the Ides of November An. 1261. and was buried at Hayles His Third Marriage A Third Wife he had called Beatrice married to him An. 1267. Neece to Conrade Archbishop of Cullen that Crowned King Richard at Aquisgrave who survived him as appeareth by good Authority Escaetr 4 Edw. num 44. a Matth. Paris p. 975. num 50. Matth. Westm p. 401. num 30. Vincent p. 136. for after her husbands death there grew some question betwixt Edmond Earl of Cornwal her Son in Law and her self for the Mannor of Weldon in Northamptonshire and other Lands wherein she claimed her Dower Lastly For the a Death of RICHARD King of the
of Rosmar This Countess Ela for her Souls health Lib. Lacock fol. 19. as also of her Husband and of all her Ancestors Founded two Monasteries in one day The one was Lacock Founded the Sixteenth of the Kalends of May in the Morning An. 1232. The other was the Priory of Henton of the Carthusian Order whose Foundation bears date on the Evening of the same day the Foundress at that time being in the Forty fifth year of her age She outlived her Husband seven years and died in her Widowhood about the year M. CC. XXXIII Brooks Casalogue of Honor. This William Longespee Earl of Salisbury was Constable of Dover Castle and sailing with Richard Earl of Cornwal his Nephew and Philip de Albaney into Gascoign An. 10 Hen. 3. recovered Poictiers which was before lost by King John and in their return into England hardly escaped shipwrack being strangly cast upon the Cornish shoars Honoratissimo et Nobilissimo Domino Dno. IOHANNI Baroni FRESCHEVILLE de Staucly WILLELMI Comitis SARVM cognomine Longespe hanc Tumuli Figuram H.D.D.D.F.S. From thence his Corps was removed and brought to the New City I Copied this Tomb from the Original and Interred in a Monument on the North side the Chappel of our Lady in the Cathedral Church in a Tomb of Wood richly Painted Diapred and Gilt his Effigies lies thereon of Grey-Marble in his Coat of Mail his Sword by his side and upon his Antick Shield are Six Lions Rampant Embossed the like number of Lions are Painted also upon his Surcoat which by reason of the many Foldings thereof are not easily perceived The Figure in the precedent Page exactly represents the said Tomb which is now in being An. 1670. Matthew Paris gives him this Epitaph In Speed pag. 513. thus Englished alluding to his name Royal born William Flower of Earls lies here A Sheath thus short Doth Longsword serve to bear Flos Comitum Willielmus obit Stirps Regia Matth. Paris p. 317. num 10. Longus Ensis vaginam caepit habere brevem Children of WILLIAM LONGESPEE Earl of Salisbury and of ELA his Wife 6. WILLIAM Longespee Eldest Son and Heir succeeded his Father in the Earldom of Salisbury of whom see more in the next Chapter 6. RICHARD Longespee Lib. Lacock p. 19. M. S. Penes Ed. Walker Eq. Auratum Garterum c. Second Son of William the first Earl of Salisbury was a Canon of Salisbury He witnessed a Grant of his Elder Brother William made to Stephen Longespee his younger Brother of the Mannor of Bamberge with the Appurtenances He lieth Interred at Lacock 6. STEPHEN Longespee Third Son Lib. Lacock pag. 19. M. S. was appointed Cheif Justice of Ireland by King Henry the Third He took to Wife Emelina Countess of Vlster in whose right he was Earl of Vlster and by her had issue his onely childe Ela Longespee married to Roger de la Zouche by whom she had issue Alane de la Zouche Father of two Daughters his Heirs Elena de la Zouche first married to Nicholas S. Maur and secondly to Alan Charleton Father of John Charleton and Matilda de la Zouche Wife of Robert Holand The Body of this Stephen Longespee was Interred at Lacock but his Heart received Burial at Bradenstock 6. NICHOLAS Longespee Fourth Son of William Earl of Salisbury was consecrated Bishop of Salisbury An. 1291. Robert of Glocester p. 290 b. Godwin in Presulibus Sarum p. 280. whose Body lies Intombed in our Ladies Chappel in the Cathedral Church under a large Marble Stone sometime Inlaid with Brass and Adorned with the Arms of their House His Heart was Interred at Lacock and his Bowels at Ramesbury He deceased in the year of our Lord 1297. 6. ISALEL Logespee Lady Vescy Pat. 10 H. 3. Claus 10 H. 3. m. 17. Eldest Daughter of William Earl of Salisbury was the first Wife of William Lord Vescy 6. ELA Longespee Countess of Warwick Lib. Lacock M. S. Second Daughter was first married to Thomas the Seventh Earl of Warwick after whose decease in her Widowhood she Grants in Frank Almain for the health of her Soul and of the Souls of her Ancestors all her Lands and Tenements in the Town of Dodington Ex Cartis Ed. Walker Equitis aurati Garteri Principalis Regis Armorum to which Deed is annexed her Seal of Yellow Wax having on the one side her Picture and on the Counter seal a Shield with Six Lions Rampant thereon Circumscribed on both sides thus S. ELE LUNGESPEYE COMITISSE WARWIC The Figure of which Seal is exhibited in the 57 Page of this Second Book Her Second Husband was that worthy Gentleman Philip Basset Milles p. 793. the Son of William Basset Cheif Justice of England as it appreareth by a Charter of the said Philip and Ela bearing date the Forty seventh year of King Henry the Third She died the Eighth of the Ides of February An. 1297. in the Twenty sixth year of King Edward the First on a Sunday and was buried at Osney near Oxford without issue 6. IDA Longespee called also Camvile Third Daughter of William Earl of Salisbury was the Wife of Walter Fitz-Robert by whom she had issue Katherine and Lorica who took upon them the habit of Nuns at Lacock 6. ELA Longespee the younger Fourth Daughter mentioned also in the Book of Lacock was married to William d'Odingselles by whom he had issue Robert c. 6. WILLIAM LONGESPEE Second of the Name Earl of SALISBVRY CHAP. XII HE was the Eldest Son and Heir of William Longespee the First and of Ela his Wife aforesaid See his Arms upon his Seal P. 57. being Azure Six Lions Rampant Or Three two and one after whose death he was seised of the Castle and Town of old Sarum and the Sheriffwick of Wiltshire But this William afterwards presuming to go out of the Kingdom without the Kings Licence first had and obtained Matth. Paris p. 709. num 50. King Henry the Third made seisure of the said Castle Town and Office and detained them in his own hands By the name of William Longespee without any other Addition or Title he gave to Stephen Longespee his Brother Penes Edwardum Walker Eq. Auratum Principalem Regem Armorum Titulo Garteri of Sutton near Banneburgh with the Hundred thereunto belonging To this Grant his Seal of Arms in Yellow Wax is annexed On the one side of which is his Shield with the Six Lions and on the Reverse his Sword having reference to his Name with this Circumscription SECRETUM WILLELMI LUNGESPE Vide the form thereof in the 57 Page of this Second Book He took to Wife Idonia the Daughter and Heir of Richard de Camvile Fines 17 Reg. Johan m. 3. Claus 10 Hen. 3. m. 4.12 17. Fines 12 Hen. 3. m. 4. and of Eustace his Wife Daughter of Gilbert Basset by whom he had issue a Son and a Daughter and afterwards was slain in the Holy
enriched with Gold Pearle and other Stones with the Motto before mentioned Besides these Exercises of Armes this great and provident King during this Truce takes especial care for the Government of His Kingdome and Reformation of the abuses thereof a Parliament at Westminster is called wherein upon the Grievous Complaint of the Lords and Commons Ypodigma Neustriae p. 515. n. 13. against the Collation of Benefices upon Strangers Letters are sent to the Pope by Sir John Shordich whose reception in that Court was so unwelcome that from thence he returned without regard or Answer which notwithstanding the King proceeded to the prohibition of all such Provisions and Collations within His Realme upon pain of Imprisonment and Death to whomsoever should for the future admit any such person or persons In another Parliament held at London Anno 1344. a Tenth is granted the King by the Clergy Ypodigma Neustriae p. 515. n. 50. Tho. Walsingham p. 164. n. 55. and a Fifteenth by the Laity for one year Edward the Kings Son is created Prince of Wales and General Musters taken throughout the Kingdome The King Himself goes to confirm the Flemmings unto him at Sluce whereunto their Commissioners from their Chief Towns repaire where a motion is made that either Lewis their Earl should become a Homager to King Edward or be disinherited and the Prince of Wales Elected for the King Promised to Grace them with a Dukedom one d' Artuel is forward to entertain the Motion but the rest not willing to disinherit their natural Lord require leave to acquaint the Towns that sent them D'Artuel undertakes to bring them to it and with a Guard of Welshmen returnes to Gaunt where one Gerard Denis Provost of the Weavers opposing him and the People whom he had often led to Mutiny now rising against him a Cobler with an Axe knockt out his braines whereby King Edward lost his chief Agent However the Townes excused themselves of the Accident laying the fault on the turbulent Gauntois promised to perswade the Earl to become homager and to endeavour a Match between the Earles Son and the Kings Daughter the League thus renewed he returnes for England But now in Guyen the War grew hot An. 1345. the Sword out before the Truce expired the Earl of Derby on one side and the Duke of Normandy on the other take several Castles Tho. Walsingham p. 165. n. 20. Ypodigma Neustriae p. 516. n. 11. Ypodigma Neustriae p. 516. n. 46. and Citties whereof the French King layes the blame on the King of England and He the same on him neither it seems any longer holding their hands from the fatal work of destruction Wherefore upon the fifth of July An. 1346. An. 1346. with the greatest Fleet that ever crossed the English Seas for France He passes over into Normandy leaving for Wardens of England in His absence the Lords Percy and Nevil taking the Prince with Him about Fifteen yeares of Age to shew him the way of Men. Upon His landing he divides his Army into Three Battels the one Marched on His right hand along the Sea-side Tho. Walsingham p. 166. n. 23. the second on his left both which were conducted by his Marshals Godfrey de Harecourt and Thomas Earl of Warwick and Himself with the third in the middle The first Town He took was St. Lo in Constantine next Caen after which he plunders Lisieux and spoils the Country of Eureux and leaving Roan he passes to Gaillon and burnt it with Vernon Pont de l'Arche and all the Country thereabout having overrun and wasted Normandy and Bretagne he passes the River Seyne and spreads His Power over the Isle of France to urge King Philip to Combate giving out that He would Wrestle with him before His Capital Citty of Paris King Edward having staid sometime at Poissy to expect the French King Marches through Beauvoysin Burning and destroying all before him the Castle of Angiers and Town of Porke run the same fate Thomas Walsingham p. 166. n. 27. and drawing near to Abbevile he endeavours to passe the River of Soame at Blanchtaque the Foord was guarded on the other side by 12000 Soldiers commanded by Sir Gomar du Foy which King Edward resolves to gain or dye in the Attempt and so He plunges Himself first into the Water saying Those will follow me that love me whereupon every one striving which should be foremost the Pass was gained and the routed Enemy driven to Abbevile There lay King Philip with his Army Thomas Walsingh p. 160. n. 32. composed of Lorrainois Almaines Genowaies and French Inraged at this defeat and resolved though against the consent of his Counsel to fall immediately upon the English with an assured hope of a Triumphant Victory when King Edward Fortifying himself near a Village called Cressy in Ponthieu formed his Army consisting of 30000 Men Battel of Cressy An. 1346. Aug. 26. into three Battels the first of which was led by the Prince of Wales the second by the Earl of Northampton and the third by himself mounted on a white Hobby who rid from Ranke to Ranke to encourage every Man to have regard to his honour The French Kings Army both greater in number and advantage compos'd of above 60000 Combatants well Armed were also divided into three Battels the Vanguard he commits to his Brother the Rereward to the Earl of Savoye Ypodig Neustriae p. 517. n. 21. and the Main Battel he leads after a long and doubtful fight the Victory remains on the English side and the honour of the day to the Prince of Wales there being slain on the French part near 30000. the Chief of which were John King of Bohemia the Duke of Lorraine the Dauphin of Viennois the Earles of Alanson Flanders Harcourt Blois and St. Paul c. Barons Knights and Gentlemen 1500. This Memorable Victory happened on Saturday the 26 day of August An. 1346. The French King fled to Bray-Castle with Five Barons only and thence to Amiens Several Troops coming to the Kings Supply on the next morning fell also into the hands of the English and were cut off so that according to report the number slain in pursuit and stragling were more then in the main Battel Nor was this all the good Fortune which befell King Edward this year Tho. Walsingham p. 167. n. 4. for the King of Scots being set on by the French Invaded England with 60000 Men which by the Archbishop of York the Bishop of Durham and the Northern Lords Ypodigma Neustria p. 517. n. 40 47. were utterly overthrown David Bruce their King taken at Merington David King of Scots taken prisoner by John Copland an Esquire of Northumberland and several of their Nobility with the Bishop of St. Andrews made Prisoners Besides another great Victory is now obtained in France by the Countess of Montfort in Bretagne against Charles de Blois pretender to that Dukedome whom
1. Ypodigma Neustriae p. 553. n. 5. Tho. Walsingham p. 358. n. 5. upon whose Estate the King most unjustly seizeth banishing the new rightful Duke of Lancaster Henry not for a few yeares but for ever Henry Duke of Lancaster therefore laying hold on this opportunity accompanyed by the Archbishop of Canterbury and the late Earl of Arundels Son and Heir with three Ships which he borrowed of the Duke of Britaine and not above 60 persons sets saile for England and hovering a while upon the Coast the better to observe the countenance of his Affaires lands at Ravenshire in Yorkshire Ypodigmae Neustriae p. 554. n. 16. where Henry Earl of Northumberland his son Lord Henry Percy Ralph Earl of Westmerland with great numbers of the Nobility Gentry and Commons resort to him continuing their sollicitation for his acceptance of the Crown whiles the Duke pretends his coming to be only for the Inheritance descended to him from his Father Before he had advanced as far as Berkeley his Army was grown very numerous and all the Castles in those parts were surrendred to him The Duke of York left Governor of the Kingdom during the Kings absence in Ireland Thomas Walsingham p. 358 n. 11. used all diligence to raise Forces to oppose Lancaster but the Peoples protestations that they would not hurt the Duke whom the knew to be wronged were so general that the Duke of York could effect little so that Lancaster with an Army of 60000 Men Marches to Bristol Thomas Walsingham p. 358 n. 31. Ypodigma Neustriae 554. n. 21. besieges the Castle and takes it and in it William Earl of Wiltshire Bushie and Green whose heads were the next day severed from their bodies Six weeks the Duke was in England before King Richard had notice by reason of the contrary winds which as soon as he understood he resolved upon his return but was disswaded by the fatal advice of the Duke of Aumarle however He sent the Earl of Salisbury before promising to follow himself within six dayes The Earl landed at Conway and soon got an Army of 40000 but the King not coming at His time the Soldiers suspecting He was dead though by the Earles perswasion they continued together some time longer at length disbanded and went away eighteen dayes after the Earl departed The Walsingham p. 358. n. 37. the King having secured the sons of the Dukes of Glocester and Lancaster in Trym Castle took shipping being in no fear of prevailing but hearing of the revolt of His Castles the death of His Counsellors and that the greater part of the Nobility and Commons forsook Him He fell to despair and though His Soldiers offered to live and die with Him yet he dismisseth his Family bidding his Steward Sir Thomas Percy and others to reserve themselves for better times and the next night Ypodigma Neustriae p. 554. n. 52. with the Dukes of Surrey and Exeter the Bishop of Carlisle and others stole away from the Army to Conway Castle Lancaster upon notice of the Kings return out of Ireland comes by short Marches to Chester where he sent for his own Son and the Duke of Glocesters out of Ireland and the Archbishop of Canterbury with the Earl of Northumberland to King Richard at Conway Castle The sum of whose demands were Thomas Walsingham p. 358. n. 50. That if He and eight whom he would name might have honourable allowance with the assurance of a quiet private life He would resign His Crown this the Earl of Northumberland swore should be performed whereupon the King forthwith departs in their company to Flint from whence after a short conference with the Duke Ypodigma Neustriae p. 554. n. 36. they ride to Chester attended by the Lancastrian Army from thence they travel to London and the King is lodged in the Tower After this a Parliament is called by the Duke of Lancaster in K. Richards name Tho. Walsingham p. 359. n. 1. in which many miscarriages of his Government were drawn up in 33 Articles and laid to his Charge upon which he is Adjudged to be deposed whereof being advised He is Councelled rather voluntarily to resign His Crown then to be forced thereunto which on Monday the 29 of September 1399. Ypodigma Neustriae p. 554. n. 41. He did solemnly in the presence of divers Lords and others sent to Him to the Tower for that purpose reading it before them all Himself and taking His Signet from His Finger puts it upon the Duke of Lancasters desiring he might be His Successor The Resignation being shewed to the Parliament Tho. Walsingham p. 359. n. 32. Ypodigma Neustriae p. 555. n. 1. was presently by the whole Body of them accepted the Loyal and Magnanimous Bishop of Carlisle excepted and the Sentence of Deposition pronounced by Commissioners appointed to that purpose after which Duke Henry puts in his feigned Claime to the Kingdom is Elected Crowned and succeeds his Cosin King Richard after He had Reigned xxii yeares iii. moneths and viii dayes by the Name of Henry IV. Illustrissimo Domino Dnâ— ROBERTO Comiti de SVNDERLAND Baroni SPENCE de WORMELEIGHTON Figuram hanc Monumenti RICHARDI II. de Regin H.D.D.D.R. Sub petra lâ—â—a 〈◊〉 RICHARDVS SECVNDVS HIC IACET IMMITI CONSVMPTVS MORTE RICHARDVS 1399 FVISSE FELICEM MISERRIMVM †Prudens et mundus Ricardus jure secundus Per fatum victus jacet hic sub marmore pictus Verax sermane fuit et plenus ratione Corpore procerus animo prude us ut Omerus Ecclesie favit elatos suppeditavit Quemvis prostravit regalia qui violavit Obruit hereticos et eorum stravit amicos O clemens Christe tibi devotus fuit iste Votis Baptistesalves quem protulit iste Thus Englished on a Tablet near the Tombe Perfect and prudent Richard by right the second Vanquished by fortune Lies here now graven in stone True of his word And thereto well resound Seemely in person And like to Homer as one In worldly prudence And ever the church in one Upheld and favoured And casting the Proud to ground And all that would His royall state confound In a Charter of this King E. Registro Westmonasteriâ— ensi dated at Westminster upon the 28 day of November in the third year of His Reign He is stiled Ricardus Dei Gratia Rex Angliae et Franciae et Dominus Hiberniae using the Title of England before that of France in all His Instruments and Commissions that I have ever yet seen but on His Great Seal exhibited in the 190 Page of this III. Book Thomas Walsingh p. 259. n. 48. p. 269. n. 52. France is placed in the first quarter of His Armes and it is circumscribed Ricardus Dei Gracia Rex Francie et Anglie et On s Hivernie In the 21 year of His Government He caused the great Hall of His Pallace at Westminster to be repaired both the Walls Windows and Roof as it now stands
The Armes of Glendour Paly of 8 peeces Argent and Gules over all a Lion rampant sable upon which alliance the said Owen became a confederate with the Percyes against King Henry IV. pretending to establish Roger Mortimer Earl of March in the Throne of England whom King Richard II. had nominated for his Successor 12. Sir JOHN MORTIMER Knight third son of Roger Mortimer Earl of March and Countess Philippa being a Prisoner in the Tower of London in the third year of King Henry VI. John Speed p. 814. col 1. Rob. Fab. 1. Conc. was Arraigned for Treasonable speeches used to a Yeoman servant to Sir Robert Scot Keeper of the Tower to induce the said Yeoman to let him escape promising him a great Reward The Points charged upon him by this Witness in open Parliament were these 1. That the said Mortimer meant to flie into Wales to the Earl of March his Nephew and with an Army of 40000. Men to enter England and strike off the heads of the Protector and the Bishop of Winchester 2. That the Earl of March ought by right to be King of England and if the Earl would not that then he himself was next heir 3. That if he could not safely reach to the Marches he would sail to the Daulphin of France and there serve with Honour of which he was assured For these Overtures of Escape and Conspiracy Sir John Mortimer was Drawn Hol. Chron. Hang'd and Beheaded The whole Stratagem being onely looked upon as a Plot to rid him out of the way and to yield pretence for the securing and imprisonment of his Nephew Edmond Earl of March which was hereupon performed The Armes of Henry Lord Percy and Elizabeth Mortimer his wife are impaled in a south-window of that part of the Cathedral Church of Durham called Novem Altaria being Or a Lion rampant Azure and Mortimer as before C. 22. Durham fol. 84. a. 12. ELIZABETH MORTIMER Lady Percy elder daughter of Edmond Mortimer Earl of March was the wife of Henry Lord Percy on whom was entayled the Mannour of Thurstanby and other Lands Pat. an 3 R. 2. p. 2. m. 16. 17 An. 3 R. 2. he was the eldest son of Henry Percy the first Earl of Northumberland by Margaret his first wife daughter of Ralphe Lord Nevill of Raby and for his high mettle and courage named Hotspurre which he signallized against the French and Scots and lastly at the Battel of Shrewsbury in the third year of King Henry IV. where he was slain valiantly fighting against that King in behalf of Edmond Mortimer the last Earl of March his wives Nephew and his Confederates according to the Tripartite Indenture betwixt the said Earl of March Owen Glendour and this Henry who by Elizabeth Mortimer his wife was the Ancestor of a descent of Ten Earles of Northumberland which have inherited the Grandure of his Spirit but it s to be wished that none of them had succeeded him in the Humour of Hotspurre In Pale Hastings viz. Or a Manch Gules and Mortimer 12. PHILIPP A MORTIMER Countess of Pembroke and Arundell younger daughter of Edmond Earl of March and sister to Earl Roger was first married to John Hastings Earl of Pembroke In Pale Fitz-Alan Gules a Lion Rampant Or and Mortimer afterwards she was the second wife of Richard Fitz-Alan Earl of Arundel and had by him a son named John that dyed young Her third Husband was John Poynings Lord St. John leaving him as she had her two former husbands without issue of her body Quarterly Poynings and St. John viz. Barry of 6 peeces Or and Vert a Bend Gules and Argent on a chief Gules 2 Mulletts Or. Impaleing Mortimer 12. ROGER MORTIMER Earl of MARCH and VLSTER Lieutenant of IRELAND and Lord of WIGMORE CLARE TRIM and CONAVGHT CHAP. XIV This Roger did bear Quarterly Mortimer and Burgh as appeareth by his Letter of Attorney to Roger Partrich of Dorston Sealed with these Armes in Red-Wax bearing date at Ludlow the 24th day of December An. 7 R. 2. wherein he is stiled Roger de Mortimer Comte de la March et d'Ulvestier c. This Instrument is in the custody of Sir Edward Walker Knight Garter principal King of Armes From which we may note that the Armes of Philippa of Clarence this Earl Roger's Mother by which those of Burgh according to the rule of quarterings ought to be introduced are left out The reason of which omission was either because that Earl Roger not enjoying the Dukedom of Clarence omitted to quarter the Ensign thereof or that by bearing the Armes of Clarence he should have anticipated King Richard the II. in declaring him his Heir to the Crown when by them it would have appeared that next after that King and the heires of his body to be begotten this Roger Mortimer stood next in succession to the Kingdom For I find that Roger Earl of March and Vlster sealed the before-mentioned Deed three years before that King Richard the Second declared him his Successor which was in the 10th year of his reign The Achievement of this Roger stood in Painted Glass on the North-side the Parish-Church of All hallowes in Northampton the Escocheon containes the Armes of Mortimer and Burgh quarterly and hangs cornerwayes upon his Helmet out of a Ducal Coronet issueth a Plume of Feathers his Crest and his Lambrequin or Mantleing is charged with the said Armes of Burgh and Mortimer quarterly Penes H.S. George Arm. Richmond NOt long after the death of Edmond Mortimer Earl of March this Roger his eldest son Pat. 5 R. 2. p. 2. m. 35. was constituted Lieutenant of Ireland during the King's pleasure upon the 24th day of January in the fifth year of the Reign of Richard II. An 1381. Pat. an 20 R. 2. p. 1. m. 20. in the possession of which Office I find him upon the 12th day of August An. 1396. in the 20th year of the said King's Reign for he is then stiled Rogerus de Mortuomari Comes Marchie et Vltonie Locum-tenens Hibernie c. King Richard II. An. 1387. nominated this Roger Mortimer for His successor in the Kingdom of England being the eldest son of Philippa the only child of Lionell Duke of Clarence third son of King Edward III. for William of Hatfield the second son of King Edward III. dying young and issueless and King Richard II. the only child of Edward Prince of Wales eldest son of King Edward III. deceasing also without issue this Earl Roger's heires ought to have preceded the House of Lancaster to the Crown being descended from John of Gaunt a fourth son of that King He took to Wife Eleanor Holand the eldest daughter of Thomas Holand Earl of Kent by Alice Fitz-Alan his wife daughter of Richard Earl of Arundel sister of Thomas Holand Duke of Surry Esceat an 3 Hen. 5. n. 55. Esceat an 3 H. 6. n. 32 and sister and coheir of Edmond Holand
unpursued The Earls of Worcester and Dowglas Sir Richard Vernon and the Baron of Kinderton were taken Prisoners Dowglas who had unhorsed the King Tho. Wal. p. 369. n. 12. and being himself dismounted was by the Royal command carefully attended and had his liberty without Ransome but the other three were on the Monday following beheaded This Battel was fought upon Saturday the 21 of July and Eve of St Mary Magdalen An. 1403. to whose memory in thankfulness to God for this signal Victory he founded a Colledge on the place and called it Battlefield The Earl of Northumberland came in shortly after Ypodigma Neust p. p. 560. n. 58. and submitted to the Kings mercy whose crimes were pardoned but not forgotten and Glendour then in Wales after many Victories obtained against the Marchers Tho. Wal. p. 369. n. 26. n. 53. several depredations of their Countrey an obstinate defence against the Royal Army and that of Prince Henry more fortunate in obtaining Victories than in making a right use of them is at last abandoned by his followers many whereof were taken and put to death either died of famine or was as some say by one of his near Kinswomen nourished privately till the time of his death in whose exit all the broiles of that Principality took an end Yopodigma Neust p. 561. n. 16. And now the Britains spoil the Town of Plimouth and in revenge the Western Men under the command of William de Wilford an Esquire Tho. Wal. p. 369. n. 39. put to Sea land upon them in Britaine take 40 of their Ships laden with Wine and Oyl and burn as many more After which Ypodigma n. 23. the French land in the Isle of Wight get together a great booty of Cattel which are by the Inhabitants quickly recovered Tho. Wal. p. 369. n. 48. and many of them forced to leave their Carkasses to be stript by the Islanders Anno 1409. Twice after this Yopodigma Neustriae p. 564. n. 39. between Christmas and Palme Sunday the King assembled the Estates first at London and then at St Albans for the business of Money but with much distaste the Lords rise from the later Session Tho. Wal. p. 373. n. 16. and Thomas Moubray the Earl Marshal one of the chief Men which disliked the carriage of publick Affairs draws Richard Scroope Archbishop of York into a Conspiracy in full hope that Henry Percy Earl of Northumberland the Lord Bardolf with the Citizens of York and the common People would assist their cause which was glossed with the specious pretence of redressing publick abuses Ypodigma Neust p. 565. n. 1. happening through the Kings default Ralphe Nevil Earl of Westmerland hearing of this attempt wherein the Archbishop and the Earl Marshal were leaders of the People gathers a force to encounter them but finding himself too weak by faining to approve the quarrel Tho. Wal. p. 373. n. 52. gets them both into his power and presents them as an acceptable oblation to the King who about Whitsontide comes to York where notwithstanding Westemerland had promised them their lives both the Archbishop and the Earl Marshal were beheaded Ibidem p. 374. n. 59. the Pope excommunicating all such as had a hand in the Archbishops death Anno 1406. The Earl of Northumberland and the Lord Bardolf being pursued by the King Ypodigma Neust p. 565. n. 52. with an Army of 37000 fly first to Barwick and thence into Scotland Tho. Wal. p. 374. n. 20. where they are entertained by David Lord Flemming and where the King employs his Treasure upon secret practises with the Scots that they might be delivered into his hands in exchange for some Scottish Prisoners whereupon Northumberland and Bardolf escape into Wales Ibidem p. 375. n. 14. and the Scots missing their purpose slay Flemming for discovering their intention to his distressed guests This fills Scotland with civil discords to avoid the dangers whereof and to better his education the King of Scots sends his son and heir into France whom together with the Bishop of Orkney certain Mariners of Cley in Norfolk surprize at Sea and present to King Henry who commits him to the Tower of London when Northumberland and Bardolf upon Owen's retreat into of the Mountains forsaking Wales Tho. Wal. p. 377. n. 8. and seeking to raise a force in the North are encountred at Bramham Moore by Thomas Rooksby Sheriff of Yorkshire who after a short conflict slew the Earl in the Field mortally wounded the Lord Bardolf and routed their party Ypodigma Neust p. 561. n. 40. Presently upon this the Admiral of Britaine with the Lord du Castel and 30 sail of ships attempt to land at Dartmouth but are repelled by the Countrey People Anno 1404. du Castel and his 2 Brothers Tho. Wal. p. 370. n. 12. with 400 more slain and 200 taken of which number the Lord Baqueville was one These Prisoners being presented to King Henry their takers were rewarded with good store of Gold and Silver and sent merrily home into their own Countrey After which the Earl of St Paul with 500 Crossbows and 1500 Men at Arms lays siege to the Castle of St Marck near Calais but is thence beaten by Sir Philip Hall and Sir Richard Ashton having most of his Men slain and taken himself flies to St Omer Not long after Thomas Duke of Clarence F. 9. fol. 8. lib. in Coll. Armorum the Kings second son with the Earl of Kent enter the Haven of Sluce burn four ships and return to the relief of Calais then besieged by the French taking in their passage three Carricks of Genoa richly laden which they bring into the Chamber of Rye Illustrissimo et Potentissimo Principi IACOBO Duci Marchioni et Comiti de ORMOND Comiti de Ossory et Brecknock Vicecomiti Thurles Baroni de Arclo et Lanthony Domino Regalitatum et Libertatum Comitatus Tiperarij Archiepincerâ—ae Hiberniae Cancellario Vnivers itatis juxta Dublin Serenissimi DmÌ„ Regis Caroli Secundi Locum-tenenti Generali et Generali Gubernatori Hiberniae Domino Praefecto Comitatus Somerset Civitatis et Comitatus de Bristoll et Civitatum de Bath et Mells vni Dominorum privati Consilij ejusdem Majestatis in Regnis Angliae Scotice et Hibarnice DnoÌ„ Seneschallo Haspilij Regis e'Cubiculo Regio Generoso at Nobilissimi Ordinis Gartarij Equin hanc Yumuli Regis HENRICI IIII figuram submisso cultu D.D.D.F.S. COMME â—E TROUVE HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE His Tomb represented in the precedent page is of Alablaster parcel gilt and seems to have been erected by Queen Joane of Navarre his second Wife whose Effigies lies upon his right hand and is placed betwixt two Pillars on the North side the Chappel of St Thomas Becket opposite to the Monument of Prince Edward commonly called the Black Prince At the head of the Tomb stands an Angel supporting a long
Harflew and then nothing but War would King Henry hear of Ypodigma Neust p. 586. n. 4. immediately sending his brother John Duke of Bedford with the Earls of March Oxford Huntingdon Warwick Arundel Salisbury and Devonshire in 200 ships Tho. Wal. p. 394. n. 43. who upon the Feast of the Assumption of our Lady land in the Mouth of Seine where they sunk near 500 French ships and bravely relieved the Town Tho. Wal. p. 394. n. 47. whereupon the Emperor entring into a League offensive and defensive with King Henry the Popes concerns with whom the Emperor now or lately was at War only excepted the 29th of October departs towards Germany But the French not yet desisting inforce their Fleet with several Carricks of Genoa and blocking up again the River of Soame are likewise by the Earl of Huntingdon taken and dispersed In one of these Carricks was the whole half years pay for the French Fleet together with Jaques bastard of Bourbon its Commander with which rich Prize the Earl returns to Southampton A. 52. fol. 300. Penes H. St. George Arm. Richmond where then King Henry lay who by his Proclamation dated at New Sarum the 2d day of June last past had commanded that no person retained in this present expedition of what quality soever should presume to wear any Coat-Armour to which he had not right from his Ancestors or by grant from a sufficient Deputy impowered therein upon penalty of being cashiered loss of wages and the having his Coat of Arms rased and torn off his back except those which did bear Arms with him at the Battel of Agincourt thereby rewarding his veterane Soldiers with a mark of Honour who had atchieved it in his last bloody Victory and punishing those Soldiers who were their own Carvers and laid in common the reward of Valour Clausae an 5. H. 5. in dâ—rso before they had opportunity to shew it or to receive the Royal approbation and authority for the same These are the words of the Record Rex vicecom Suth Salutem quia prout informamur diversi homines qui in viagiis nostris ante haec tempora factus Arma Tuninicas Armorum vocat Cote Armures in se sumpserunt A. 52. fol. 300. Penes Hen St. George Arm. Richmond ubi nec ipsi nec eorum Aâ—tecessores hujusmodi Armis ac tunicis Armorum temporibus retroactis usi fuerunt ea in presenti viagio nostro in prox deo dante faciend ' exercere proponunt Et quamquam omnipotens suam gratiam disponat prout vult in naturalibus equaliter diviti atque pauperi volentes tamen quemlibet ligeorum nostrorum predictorum juxta status sui exigentiam modo debito pertractari haberi Tibi precipimus quod in singulis locis infra balivam tuam ubi per Breve nostrum nuper pro monstris faciend proclamari demandavimus publice ex parte nostra proclamari facias quod nullus cujuscunque status gradus seu conditionis fuerit hujusmodi arma sive tunicas armorum in se sumat nisi ipsi jure antecessorio vel ex donatione alicujus ad hoc sufficientem potestatem habentis ea possideat aut possidere debeat quod ipse Arma sive Tunicas illa ex cujus dono optinet die monstrationis suae personis ad hoc per nos assignatis seu assignand manifeste demonstret exceptis illis qui nobiscum apud bellum de Agincourt arma portabant sub penis non admissionis ad proficiscendum in viagio predicto sub munere ipsius cum quo retentus existet ac perditionis vaduorum suorum ex causa predicta preceptorum nec non rasurae rupturae dictorum Armorum Tunicarum vocat Cote Armures tempore monstrationis sue predicte si ea super illum monstrata fuerunt seu inventa hoc nullatenus omittas T. R. apud Civitatem nove sarum secundo die Junii Per ipsum Regem Anno 1417. King Henry's second Expedition into France Upon the 23d of July in the fifth year of his Reign Tho. Wal. p. 397. n. 5. King Henry with the Dukes of Clarence and Glocester most of his Nobility and an Army of 25628 fighting Men Ypodigma Neust p. 588. n. 58. besides 1000 Artificers and Pioneers took shipping at Portsmouth and landed the first of August in Normandy near Tongue which Castle was the 9th day after surrendred unto him The Castle also of Abbeville was at the same time taken by Thomas Mountague Earl of Salisbury and King Henry next sits down before Caen with his Army which is shortly after delivered upon Terms and from thence to Roan which City after a brave resistance being forced by famine he likewise obtained by surrender Anno 1418. This prosperous proceeding of Henry V. caused John Duke of Burgundy for his own ends Tho. Wal. p. 401. n. 35. to mediate for a Peace between the two Crowns and Embassadors being sent a meeting of reconciliation was appointed whereunto King Charles VI. being troubled with a Frenzy did not repair but his Queen and beautiful Daughter the Lady Katherine came with whose person at first fight though King Henry was wonderfully taken yet made he no shew thereof only that at parting since nothing was that time effected he told the Duke of Burgundy he either would enjoy the Lady Katherine together with all his demands or drive the King of France out of his Kingdom and him from his Dukedom Burgundy was shortly after viz. 2 Sept. 1419. most barbarously murthered by the Dauphin Charles who had a long time born him a spleen as he made his submission to him on his knee Tho. Wal. p. 402. n. 37. in the presence of his Peers Anno 1419. which his son Philip Earl of Charolois sadly resenting yet thought it better to mediate for a Peace between the two Kingdoms than to seek revenge He therefore caused Embassadors to be sent to King Henry both from the King of France and himself who were kindly received though King Henry intimated unto them that their propositions were not acceptable unto him unless the Lady Katherine would join with them whose innocency he knew would not abuse him The Kings desire was granted but in the interim the Earl of Salisbury takes Fresnay and the Earl of Huntington Mayne who marching towards Ments was encountred by the Forces of the Dauphin whereof he put 5000 to the Sword and took 200 Prisoners for which Victories King Henry gave publick thanks to God at Roan Thither other Embassadors arrived from the King and Queen of France and a Letter from the Lady Katherine which was secretly delivered to the King of England by the Bishop of Arras the substance of their business was to invite the King to come with all speed to Troyes in Campaigne there to receive satisfaction to his demands and be espoused to the Lady Katherine whereupon with a guard of 15000 Soldiers accompanied
5. fol. 167. in Coll. Arm. He subscribed a Certificate entred in the Colledge of Arms after the death of Anne Barret his Niece the daughter of his Brother Sir George Somerset by which it appeareth that he was living An. 1568. 15. Sir GEORGE SOMERSET Knight D. 7. fol. 19. b. in Coll. Arm. third Son of Charles Earl of Worcester espoused Mary the daughter and heir of Thomas Bowlayes of Penhow in the County of Monmouth Kt. and by her had Issue Charles Somerset his eldest Son Quarterly 1. Somerset 2. Herbert 3. Woodvile 4. Somerset as before a Mullet for distinction Impaling quarterly 2 Gules a paire of Wings conjoined Or and Or and Azure quarterly indented in Fesse Bowlays Cert Fun. J. 5. fol. 167. William Somerset second Son and Anne Somerset his onely Daughter the Wife of Edward Barret of Belhouse in the Parish of Aveley in the County of Essex Esq by whom she had Issue Charles Barret Edward and Margaret Charles Somerset of Badmondesfield in the County of Suffolke Esq Son and Heir of Sir George Somerset with a Cressent impaling Quarterly Varry Argent gutte depoix and Gules and Sable a Lyon rampant argent accolled Or. H. 19. fol. 97. in Coll. Armorum G. 14. fol. 19. in Coll. Arm. H. 13. fol. 29. ibidem married Elizabeth Daughter of Sir George Grysley of Colton in the County of Stafford Kt. by Katherine his second Wife daughter of Edward Lord Dudley and they were Father and Mother of George Somerset Charles Somerset and Mary Somerset This Sir George Somerset Kt. third son of Charles Earl of Worcester Praerogat Office Mellershe qu. 24. made his nuncupative Will upon the 10th day of March 1555. An. 2 Eliz. by the name of Sir George Somerset of Wickhambrook in the County of Suffolke Kt. by which Testament it appeareth that he had a Wife named Helen to whom he bequeathed all his Goods that were hers before he married her 15. MARY SOMERSET Lady Grey of Wilton Grey of Wilton Barry of 6 peeces Argent and Azure impaling Somerset as before Cert Fun. I. 13. fol. 35. in Coll. Arm. the second Daughter of Charles Earl of Worcester but onely Daughter by his second Wife Elizabeth West was given in marriage to William Lord Grey of Wilton Burials I. 13. fol. 35. â— Lord Warden of the East Marches towards Scotland Governor of the Town and Castle of Barwick and Knight of the Garter He deceased at Cheston near Waltham in the County of Hertford on Monday the 14 of December An. 5 Eliz. 1562. and was Interred in the Chancel of that Parish Church leaving his said Wife Mary a Widow and Issue by her Arthur Lord Grey William Grey and Honora Grey Wife of Henry Denny of Cheston aforesaid Esq Arthur Lord Grey of Wilton Knight of the Garter and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland Nevil qu. 30. deceased upon the 14 of October 35 Eliz. in the year of our Lord 1593. having married two Wives the first of which was Dorothy the Daughter of Richard Lord Zouche of Haringworth by whom he had Issue his Daughter Elizabeth espoused to Francis Goodwin Son and Heir of Sir John Goodwin Kt. His second Wife was Jana Sibylla Morison the Daughter of Sir Richard Morison Kt. and by her left Issue Thomas Lord Grey of Wilton Stowes Annals continued by House William Grey and Briget Grey Thomas Lord Grey of Wilton being one of those Conspirators with the Lord Cobham Sir Walter Raleigh and others An. 2 Jacobi Regis that designed to take the King and Prince to the Tower of London and thence to Dover Castle thereby to obtain a Toleration of the Romish Religion and remove some Councellors of State as 't was then said was attainted of Treason and upon the 6th of July 1614. died in the Tower being the last Lord Grey of Wilton 15. HENRY SOMERSET Earl of Worcester and Lord Herbert of Gower Chepstow and Ragland CHAP. XIV This Earl Henry forsaking the Arms of Charles Earl of Worcester his Father did bear Quarterly 1. Or a Fesse quarterly of France and England within a Border Gobony Argent and Azure 2. Per pale Azure and Gules 3 Lyons rampant Argent by the name of Herbert 3. Argent a Fesse and Canton Gules The Arms of Woodvile the 4. as the 1. which is Somerset and is thus Marshalled on the North-side his Tomb at Chepstowe under a Marquisses Coronet although Henry Marquiss of Worcester his great Grandson was the first that had that Dignity The Arms of Elizabeth Browne his Wife being Sable 3 Lyons passant in bend inter four Cotizes Argent are impaled with the Earls on the Canopy at the head of the said Monument THis Henry eldest Son of Charles Earl of Worcester and onely Son by Elizabeth his first Wife Daughter and Heir of William Herbert Earl of Huntington In the 12th of H. 8. his Father then living upon that famous Interview betwixt Ardres and Guisnes of the said King Stows Annals and Francis I. where several Feats of Arms were performed on Horse and on Foot during the space of forty dayes betwixt the English and French was one of the Challengers and afterwards accompained the Duke of Suffolke into France Holingsh p. 879. a. n. 50. An. 15 H 8. by whom many places of strength were won In which Expedition this Henry merited so well from the said Duke that he conferred on him the Honour of Knighthood Shortly after his Fathers death An. 17. H. 8. this Henry Earl of Worcester was appointed one of the Commissioners for concluding a Peace with France and in the year following had an especial Livery of all his Fathers and Mothers Lands Pat. an 18 H. 8. p. 1. He was also one of the Peers that subscribed that Declaration sent to Pope Clement VII An. 22 H. 8. concerning the said Kings divorce from Queen Katherine Herbert p. 306. And in An. 5 Ed. 6. accompanied William Parr Marquis of Northampton into France Hayward p. 123. sent Ambassador to that King with the Order of the Garter He took to Wife Elizabeth the daughter of Sir Anthony Browne Kt. Standard-bearer of England and Lucy his Wife one of the Daughters and Coheirs of John Nevil Marquis Montague and by her leaving a numerous Progeny deceased aged about 53 years on the 26th day of November in the third year of Edw. 6. An. 1549. Inq. capta apud Wotton under Edge in Com. Gloc. 21 Feb. an 4. E. 6. This Henry Earl of Worcester was buried in the Parish Church of Chepstowe in the County of Monmouth where the Countess Elizabeth his Widdow who out-lived him about 16 years for she deceased An. 1565 appoints by her last Will to be Interred as near as may be to the place where the late Earl her Husband was deposited in the said Parish Church of Chepstowe Morison qu. 28. where their Tomb of Free-stone painted and gilt represents its self the foot thereof being
1. M. p. 2. was created and restored to the Earldom of Devonshire to him and his Heirs Males at her Mannor of Richmond about three years after dyed at Padua in Italy 4 Octob. 1556 sans Issue not without suspition of Poyson so that in him was lopt off the last Branch of the Princely Family of the Courtneys Natural Children of King EDWARD IV. 14. Richard Grafton Chron. ARTHVR PLANTAGENET Viscount Lisle Natural Son of King Edward IV. whose Mother was supposed to be the Lady Elizabeth Lucy was created Viscount Lisle Lieutenant of Calais and Knight of the Garter whose History followeth in the tenth and last Chapter of this fifth Book 14. Lumley Argent a Fess Gules inter 3 Popingays vert accolled Or having been the Arms of the the antient Family of Thweng sometime Barons of this Kingdom ELIZABETH PLANTAGENET Cat. of Nob. by R. B. Lady Lumley Base Daughter of King Edward IV. was the Wife of Sir Thomas Lumley Kt son of George Lord Lumley who dying before his Father An. 2 H. 7. left Issue Richard Lord Lumley of Lumley Castle in the Bishoprick of Durham who taking to Wife Anne the daughter of Sir John Conyers of Hornby Castle in Com. York had Issue two sons John and Anthony which John Claus an 6 H. 8 in dorso An. 5 H. 8. being at Flodden-Field with the Earl of Surrey was in 6 H. 8. summoned to Parliament shortly after which he had Livery of all the Lands of his Inheritance Pat. 7 H. 8. p. 2. He married Joane daughter of Henry Lord Scroope of Bolton and by her had Issue George Lumley his son and heir who deceased in his said Fathers life-time leaving Issue by Jane second daughter and coheir of Sir Richard Knightley of Fanisley in Northamptonshire Kt. E. 6. in Coll. Arm. fol. 5. b. John his son and heir and two daughters Jane married to Geoffry Markham and Barbara the Wife of Humphrey Lloyd This John Lord Lumley succeeded his Grandfather and taking to Wife Jane the elder daughter and coheir of Henry Fitz-Alan Earl of Arundel Catal. of Nob. by R. B. by her had Issue Charles Thomas and Mary all which died issueless 14. EDWARD V. KING of ENGLAND and FRANCE and LORD of IRELAND CHAP. VI. Upon the Tomb of Oliver King on the South-side the Choire of St George's Chappel in Windsor Castle is painted the Figure of this King Edward the Fifth in Royal Robes his Surcoat semee of Flowers de Lize and over his head an arched Crown the Nich in which the Kings Statue is painted is diapred with Falcons within Fetter-locks and beneath inscribed Rex Edwardus quintus and on the Pedistal his Shield of Arms viz. France and England quarterly is supported on the right side with the Lyon of March and on the left with a Hind Argent The Seal exhibited for this King in Mr John Speeds Chronicle belongs to King Edward IV. his Father as may be proved by his Indenture dated an 22 Edward IV. to which the said Seal is annexed THis unfortunate Prince the eldest son of King Edward IV. by Queen Elizabeth his Wife Pat. an 12 E. 4. p. 2. on 23. daughter of Richard Woodvile Earl Rivers was born in the Sanctuary at Westminster upon the 4th of November An. 1470. and tenth year of his Fathers Reign at that time expulsed the Realm by the powerful Earl of Warwick Chart. an 11 E. 4. n. 15. upon the 26th of July in the year following viz. 1471. an 11 E. 4. after the death of Edward Prince of Wales son of King Henry VI. slain at the Battel of Tewkesbury in May next before this Edward was created Prince of Wales afterwards on the 20th of June An. 1475. in the 15th of Edward IV. the said King upon his Expedition into France constituted this Edward Prince of Wales Duke of Cornwal and Earl of Chester Pat. an 15 E. 4. p. 2 m. 18. for so he is stiled in the Patent Custos of the Realm of England and Lieutenant of the said Kingdom during his abode beyond the Seas In the 17th year of his Reign and the 15th day of February Pat. 17 E. 4. p. 2. m. 16. the King conferred on him the Title of Earl of Salisbury and upon the 8th of July in the 19th the Titles of Earl of March and Pembroke Chart. ab an 15. usque 22 E. 4. 〈◊〉 10. He had not attained to the eleventh year of his age when King Edward IV. his Father deceasing he was proclaimed King but never Crowned so that that space of time from his Fathers death till his murther may be more properly called the Tiranny of his Uncle King Richard III. than the Reign of King Edward V. Which sad and fatal news came first to this Prince Edward at Ludlowe in the County of Salop and Marches of Wales Edward Halle fol. 5. where he had abode some time the better by his presence to awe the Welsh Men having about him several of his Mothers Kindred among which Anthony Earl Rivers his Uncle was chief being both his Councellor and Director Hence then upon first notice of the Kings death attended by a very strong Guard he proceeded for London as did likewise his Uncle the Duke of Glocester now Protector from the North when upon the Road by the way receiving Letters from the Queen-Mother to dismiss that strong Guard without intimating by what advice he gave first way by a too easie obedience to his Uncle Glocesters bloody Plot who being arrived at Northampton and having gained the Duke of Buckingham and the Lord Hastings to the opinion that it was not fit the Queen with her Kindred should be so much about the King and others of better quality rejected caused the Earl Rivers then with the King at Stony-Stratford to be imprisoned together with the Lord Richard Grey the Kings half Brother and Sir Thomas Vaughan who being thence conveyed into the North were the same day that the Lord Chamberlain was beheaded in the Tower of London all beheaded likewise at Pontfract in Yorkshire Thus the Protector having got the young King into his sole custody Richard Grafton f. 10. usque 13. came to London where the Queen-Mother hearing of what had past and fearing the consequence with her other son Duke Richard and five daughters took sanctuary at Westminster from whence the Protector on pretence of the Kings being melancholly and not to be diverted but by his Brothers company had no sooner wrought upon the distressed Queen not without abundance of tears as well as the Archbishop of York's persuasions to part with him but with great shew of Pomp conveyed him together with the young King to the fatal Tower Both Brothers thus secured it remains only to destroy them which the Lord Hastings when tempted by one Catesby his Steward in Leicestershire refusing 't is soon contrived that himself shall lead the way accordingly a Council is held in
removing towards London which had He done before this last Army was raised would in all likeliood have put an end to the War Essex hereupon marched to Newberry where the King resolves to fight him First Battel of Newberry Sept 20. 1643. planting His Ordnance and making choice of His Ground The Enemy was received with unspeakable Valour by Prince Rupert the Engagement on both sides vigorously carried on with the loss of many gallant Gentlemens lives the Earls of Caernarvon and Sunderland and the Viscount Faulkland being slain till night concluded the Encounter wherein the Sedentaries gained not so much the better that they had any stomach next day to renew the Fight but marched away back towards Glocester near which in a narrow Lane they were so furiously charged by a party of Horse commanded by Colonel Vrrey that Essex's Horse were forced to run over his own Foot till taking the Field they rallied again and put Vrrey to flight This was News and cause of a Thanksgiving at London especially for the great honour that their Trained Bands had gained thereby and not long after that pernitious Confederacy called the National Covenant was taken by the Brethren at Westminster Mean while Gloucester receives many alarums by the Lord Herbert and Sir John Winter with a considerable Force now come out of Ireland but the place was too vigilantly defended by Colonel Edward Massey which he afterwards repented when Essex having besieged Redding the Kings Forces withdraw out of Gloucestershire towards that place whereby Waller and Massey getting some breath fall upon Hereford which they take and attempt Worcester but durst not stay long there for fear of the Lords Capell and Loughborough then at hand with intention of relieving Eccleshall Town and Castle then besieged by Sir William Brereton which at that time they effected though presently after the same were surrendred unto him The Parliament after this issue out their Proclamation declaring all Traitors that assist the King and His Majesty at Oxford summoning His Parliament where were assembled the Prince the Dukes of York and Cumberland Lord Treasurer Lord Keeper Duke of Richmond and Marquis of Hertford nineteen Earls 18 Lords and 126 Knights and Gentlemen doth as much for them whilst the Forces on both sides are in one place or other of the Kingdom daily engaged The Scots at this time entring England with an Army of 18000 Foot and 2000 Horse to the assistance of their Brethren Newark being besieged by Sir John Meldram he is there blockt up by Prince Rupert and made to yield upon Conditions The Marquis of Mountross upon his Countrymens advance into England is by the King made Governor-General in Scotland enters that Kingdom with an Army gaining many of the gallantest sort of that Country to his Party About which time Sir William Waller having taken Arundel Castle marcheth against the Lord Hopton and near Winchester had better success than his Cause deserved Oliver Cromwell is by the Sedentaries made Governor of the Isle of Ely Fox and Fairfax take Beaudly and Selby Latham House after eighteen Weeks siege is relieved by Prince Rupert Essex and Waller joining together His Majesties greatest Armies being now abroad resolve to environ the King in Oxford which He perceiving leaves that place by night and marches Northward whom the other pursuing two several ways Waller is at last met with by the King and sufficiently routed at Cropredy Bridge from whence His Majesty followed Essex Westward to Bath and so into Cornwall where once more a happy conclusion of this Intestine War might have been made had the advantage been but reasonably pursued for now was Essex pinned up in such a strait that he had but one way to shift for himself which was by putting to Sea leaving his Army to mediate for an Accommodation unto which the King giving too gracious a regard the Enemy gained so much advantage that increasing their force in the North Newcastle is taken by the Scots and the Earl of that place besieged in York To his relief came Prince Rupert at whose approach the Besiegers draw of the Prince follows intending to fight them and accordingly on the 3d of July 1644. at seven a clock in the morning the Sedentaries Forces having the advantage of Ground being on the South side of Marston Moor Battel of Marston-Moore July 3. 1644. within four Miles of York Prince Rupert with the Right Wing fell on the Enemy and routed part of them General Goring and Sir Charles Lucas fell on the main Body and put them to flight but pursuing too far the Enemy rallied and fell on the divided Bodies totally dispersed them took 3000 prisoners 20 pieces of Cannon besides a considerable number of Officers Immediately the Lord Fairfax with his Son and the Earl of Manchester surround York Sir Thomas Glenham being then Governor for the King but by reason that all their Powder and Ammunition was spent in the late Battel he was compelled to surrender the City up honourable Terms Prince Rupert marches into Lancashire with the broken Forces he had left many of the best of his Army with the Earl of Newcastle leaving him take to Sea and land at Hamborough By which incouraged the Sedentaries make new Levies in the associat Counties both of Men and Mony which under the Earl of Manchester they send Westward whilst Prince Rupert near Bristol seeking to pass his Army over at Aust Ferry near Chepstow is there incountred and worsted However the King now gathering all his Forces together came to Newberry where with the same preparation came Manchester Essex and Waller The 27th of October Second Battel of Newberry 27 Octob. 1644. 1644. another deadly Battel ensuing which concluded much after the same manner with the former in that place His Majesty removing towards Dennington was by them pursued the Castle summoned and in vain attempted The Sedentaries as if hitherto afraid to exercise much of their Tyranny in cold blood proceed now with confidence to sit judicially upon the lives of such whom they had in their hands and deemed Delinquents the first whereof were the Hothams Sir John the Father and Sir John the Son with Sir Alexander Carew all three beheaded on Tower-hill for having been Traitors and intending to become honest and after them followed the execution of the Irish Lord Macguire at Tyburn And upon the 10th of December 1644 ensued the decollation of William Laud Lord Archbishop of Canterbury upon Tower-hill after above an hundred times attendance on the Juncto by the Commons Voted guilty of High Treason Not long after which was the Treaty at Vxbridge which like to the rest came to nothing In Scotland the Marquis of Mountross having seized Dumfrees and expecting aid out of Ireland of which he received but 1100 Men from the Earl of Autrim marched into the High-Lands and had several skirmishes with Argile In all which he behaved himself with much heroick Valour Essex at this time laying down his
449. KATHERINE of Spain first Wife p. 457. MARY Queen of England France and Ireland c. p. 473. ANNE Bullen second Wife p. 458. ELIZABETH Queen of England France and Ireland c. p. 482. ANNE of Cleve fourth Wife p. 459. KATHERINE Howard 5 Wife p. 459. KATHERINE Parr 6 Wife p. 460. MARGARET Queen of Scots wife of King James IV. p. 447 495. JAMES V. King of Scots p. 497. MARY of Lorrain p. 497. 17. FRANCIS II. the French King first Husband of Mary Queen of Scots p. 502. MARY Queen of Scots only Daughter of King James V. p. 500 502. ARCHIBALD Dowglas Earl of Angus second Husband p. 496. MARGARET Dowglas the Wife of Matthew Stewart Earl of Lenox p. 497. HENRY Stewart Lord Darley second Husband p. 500 503. 18. JAMES VI. King of Scots the first Monarch of Great Britain France and Ireland vide Book 7. Chap. 1. CHARLES Stewart Earl of Lenox second Son p. 501. ELIZABETH Cavendish ibid. ARABELLA Stewart married to William Seymour Earl of Hertford c. ob s. prole p. 501. MARY Queen of France Wife of Lewis XII p. 509 448. CHARLES Brandon Duke of Suffolk second Husband p. 509. FRANCES Wife of Henry Grey Duke of Suffolk p. 510. JANE Wife of Guilford Dudley ob s. prole p. 510. KATHERINE married to Edward Seymour Earl of Hertford p. 510. EDWARD Seymour Lord Beauchamp p. 510. MARY the Wife of Martin Keyes ob s. prole p. 512. ELEANOR second Daughter married to HENRY Clifford Earl of Cumberland p. 512. MARGARET Clifford Heir of her Mother was married to Henry Stanley Earl of Derby p. 512. K HENRY VII HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE DIEV ET MON DROIT K HENRY VIII HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE DIEV ET MON DROIT K EDWARD VI HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE DIEV ET MON DROIT 14. HENRY VII KING of ENGLAND and FRANCE Anno Dom. 1485. Aug 22. and LORD of IRELAND Surnamed TVDOR CHAP. 1. The Figure of this Kings Seal is exhibited in the 426. page of this sixth Book little differing from that of King Richard III. only the ground of the Counter-Seal resembling the Mashes of a Net is diapred with a Rose upon every Lozenge and a Flower de Lize upon cach Knot The Roses being to shew his descent from the Lancastrians and the Flowers de Lizes his Royal Blood from Queen Katherine of France his Grandmother neither do his Titles in the circumference thereof differ from those of his Predecessors King Edward IV. and King Richard III. being Henricus dei gracia cer Anglie et Francie et dominus Hibernie Every space betwixt these words in the Counter-Seal is charged with a Rose His most glorious Monument at Westminster delineated in the end of this Chapter contains all the Trophies of this King Henry VII for upon the foot thereof are placed his Royal Arms viz. France and England quarterly within the Garter Ensigned with an arched Crown composed of Crosses and Flowers de Lizes and betwixt each of them a Flowâ—y of a less size At the head you have a large Rose crowned Supported on the right side with a Red Dragon the Ensign of Cadwalader the last King of the Britains from whom by a male Line he is said to derive his Pedigree This Red Dragon painted upon white and green Silk in his Standard at Bosworth was afterwards offered up among other Trophies of his Victory at St Pauls and commemorated by the institution of a Pursivant of Arms by the name of Rouge Dragon Which Standard is also represented at the foot of his Tomb on the South-East-Corner held by an Angel The left Supporter of this King is a Greyhound argent accolled Gules which he did bear in the right of his Wife Queen Elizabeth of York who was descended from the Family of the Nevils by Anne her Grandmother the daughter of Ralph Nevil Earl of Westmorland Wife of Richard Duke of York His Monument is also adorned with the Portcullis in respect of his descent by his Mother from the Beauforts to which he added the Motto ALTERA SECURITAS it 's probable meaning thereby that as the Portcullis was an additional security to the Gate so his descent from his Mother strengthed his other Titles From this Devise he also instituted another Pursivant named Portcullis In respect also of the union of the two Houses of Lancaster and York by his Marriage he used the White Rose united with the Red as appears on his Monument And to commemorate his being Crowned with King Richard's Diademe at Bosworth Field found in an Hawthorne Bush he bare the Hawthorne Bush with the Crown in it and these Letters K. H. with which the Windows of this his Royal Chappel are replenished THis wise and noble Prince Henry Catal. of Nob. by R. B. son of Edmond of Hadham Earl of Richmond eldest son of Owen Tudor and Queen Katherine Relict of Henry V. by Margaret sole Daughter of John Duke of Somerset son of John Earl of Somerset son of John of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster by Katherine Swinford his third Wife was born in Pembroke Castle about the year 1455. who being yet a Child Edward Halle fol. 224. and a Scholar of Eaton Colledge was there by King Henry VI. prophetically entitled the decider of the then difference between that Prince and King Edward IV. In the 11th year of whose Reign he fled with his Uncle Jasper Earl of Pembroke into Britain where he remained till the third year of the Reign of King Richard III. whose Tyranny and Usurpation being now become odious a remedy is consulted of by the Duke of Buckingham and John Morton Bishop of Ely the result of which was that the Earl of Richmond being next heir of the House of Lancaster should take to Wife the Lady Elizabeth eldest daughter to King Edward the Fourth the very heir of the House of York that so the two Roses being united in one an unquestionable Title might be set up to depose so cruel a Murtherer Accordingly the design is first communicated to his Mother the Countess of Richmond next to Queen Elizabeth and the Earl himself and by him to Duke of Britain while instruments are employed on all hands to draw in parties to the Confederacy on the other side King Richard acquainted with the Plot first sollicites the Duke of Britain to detain the Earl Prisoner and then sends for the Duke of Buckingham who refusing to come the King marches towards him with his Forces Richard Grafton f. 41. 41. b. when the Duke prevented by the interposition of the overflowing Severn from joining the Forces he had collected in Wales with those the Courtneys had got in Devonshire and Cornwal was forced to shift for himself while his Complices either by conveying themselves into Britain to the Earl of Richmond or by Sanctuary or Obscurity are forced to consult their own safety In the mean while the Earl
of Richmond assisted by the Duke of Britain on the 12th of October 1484. Anno 1484. with 40 Ships and 5000 Britains put to Sea but dispersed and forced back by stress of weather he lands in Normandy and being aided by the French King solemnly vows to prosecute the War in order to his marrying the Lady Elizabeth and depose King Richard Whereupon with about 2000 Mercenaries he again puts to Sea Anno 1485. the middle of August landed at Milford Haven in Wales Edward Halle 30. a. Ibidem f. and proceeding thence by Hereford and Lichfield meets the Kings Army near Bosworth in Leicestershire Bosworth Feild Aug. 22. 1485. where having by the way been strengthened by the Earl of Pembroke and other Forces out of Wales and Shropshire and here lastly by the Lord Stanley Richard Grafton f. 54. a. and others who withdrew themselves from the Kings part he gives them Battel wherein King Richard being slain the Earl is saluted King 22 Aug. An. 1485. Thus victorious he sends Sir Robert Willoughby from Leicester to the Castle of Sheriff-Hutton in Yorkshire for the only remaining Root of Danger Edward Plantagenet son and heir to George Duke of Clarence then 15 years old whom with the Lady Elizabeth eldest daughter of King Edward IV. King Richard had there kept Prisoner all his Reign him he sent to the Tower of London and her in a very honourable manner to the Queen her Mother intending shortly to marry her according to his Promise Next he proceeds for London where Stow. Annal Fabian at Shoreditch he was met by the Lord Mayor and Sheriffs and sumptuously attended to St Pauls Edward Halle fol. 1. b. in vita H. 7. where he offered his three Standards the first of St George the second a Red fiery Dragon upon green and white Sarcenet and the third a dun Cow upon a yellow Tartern His Coronaon 30 Octob. an 1485. after which at a Councel held in the Bishop of Londons Palace a day was appointed for his Coronation His Marriage and another for the solemnization of his Marriage accordingly 30 Octob. 1485. he was with great Pomp crowned at Westminster by Thomas Bourchier Archbishop of Canterbury At the foot of King Henry VII his Monument are the Arms of this Queen Elizabeth of York his Wife carved in Copper Ensigned with a Royal Crown and Supported by two Angels all of the same metal viz. France and England quarterly Impaling quarterterly of four peeces the 1. France and England quarterly 2. Ulster 3. also Ulster and 4. Mortimer Which are thus painted in very many Glass Windows But different from these is the Impalement of this Queen Elizabeth carved in Stone and painted on the South Wall of our Lady Chappel in the Cathedral Church at Winchester Being Per pale France and England quarterly the Femmes side also party per pale France and England quarterly on the dexter-side and quarterly Mortimer and Vlster on the sinister Over these Arms upon a Scrole are these words In gloriain deâ— She also joined her White Rose per pale with her Husband King Henry's Red Rose as is evident in the West Window of this Kings magnificent Chappel at Westminster and 18 Jan. 1486. solemnly married to the said Lady Elizabeth John Speed p. 942. col 2. out of Bern. Andreas M.S. which was celebrated by them with all religious and glorious Magnificence and by the people with all expressions of joy and satisfaction But first a Parliament is called at Westminster Holingsh 17 Nov. wherein divers Lords and Commons attainted by King Richard are restored to their Estates and Dignities and the said King Richard with his Assistants at the Battel of Bosworth viz. John late Duke of Norfolk Thomas Earl of Surrey Francis Viscount Lovel Walter Devereux late Lord Ferrers John Lord Zouch c. attained though divers of them were afterwards pardoned and restored as others were who came in upon the Proclamation of Grace Ibid. Thus dealt he with his Enemies and as for his Friends first Jasper Earl of Pembroke his Uncle he created Duke of Bedford then Thomas Lord Stanley Earl of Derby the Lord Chandos a Brittain Earl of Bath c. Morton he made Archhishop of Canterbury and Fox Bishop of Winchester and Lord Keeper of his Privy Seal and for the security of his person he first constituted the Guard of Yeomen continued to this day Edward Halle fol. 3. in vita H. 7. Thus peace and quiet seemed firmly setled when two several Impostors successively springing up Pol. Virg. in H. 7. occasioned much trouble to the King Speed out of Bern. Andr. M.S. and disquiet to the State the first Lambert Symnel a Shoomakers Son pretending himself to be the young Earl of Warwick and to have lately escaped out of the Tower instigated thereto by the Duchess of Burgundy sister to the late King Edward IV. out of meer spleen to the House of Lancaster Him the Nobility of Ireland salute as King and aid with a great number of Almains Irish and others with which he landed in Lancashire Richard Grafton f. 10. a. and gave King Henry Battel at Stoke near Newark upon Trent in Nottinghamshire 16 June An. 1487. But being after a bloody dispute overthrown and the principal Actors viz. the Earl of Lincoln Battel of Stoke 16 of June 1487. Martin Swarde the Lord Lovel Pol. Virg. the Lord Maurice Fitz-Thomas c. with 4000 common Soldiers slain upon the place himself with one Richard Symond a Priest his first Fosterer were taken however Symonds was pardoned because a Priest and Lambert for that he was a child first made a Turnspit in the Kings Kitchin and afterwards one of his Falconers After which Anno 1487. till the appearing of the next Counterfeit Edward Halle fol. 11. a. b. the state of Affairs at home yielded little memorable besides the Kings progress into the North about the middle of August to settle the minds of those people when from Newcastle upon Tine sending Ambassadors into Scotland a Truce was concluded with that King for seven years Coronation of Queen Elizabeth Only the Coronation of the Queen followed on St Katherines day in November after and was sumptuously performed at Westminster But as to his Concerns abroad we find him by Christopher Vrswick his Commissioner mediating a Peace between the French King Charles VIII and Francis II. Duke of Britain Scevole Lovis de Sâ— Marche p. 1330. whereupon ensued certain Articles of Agreement but the preparations for War not ceasing the Lord Woodvile Uncle to the Queen moved King Henry to aid the Duke which the King denying himself with 400 men go over to his assistance and at length on the 27th of July 1488. giving the French battel were overthrown Anno 1488. and the Lord Woodvile with most of the English slain on the place which King Henry very ill resenting Edward Halle f.