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seven_o book_n and_o three_o chapter_n bracton_n that_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr acquirendo_fw-la rerum_fw-la dominio_fw-la and_o bretton_n that_o write_v under_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o by_o his_o commandment_n have_v all_o express_a mention_n of_o land_n partible_a amongst_o the_o male_n by_o usage_n of_o the_o place_n and_o some_o of_o they_o recite_v the_o very_a name_n of_o gavelkind_n itself_o but_o most_o plain_o of_o all_o a_o ancient_a treatise_n receive_v by_o tradition_n from_o the_o hand_n of_o our_o elder_n whereof_o i_o myself_o have_v one_o exemplar_n write_v out_o as_o i_o suppose_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o agree_v with_o the_o daily_a practice_n of_o these_o custom_n prove_v the_o continuance_n of_o they_o to_o stand_v with_o good_a law_n and_o like_n discourse_n and_o therefore_o forbear_v as_o needless_a further_o testimony_n in_o that_o behalf_n i_o will_v descend_v to_o the_o disclose_v of_o the_o custom_n themselves_o not_o number_v they_o by_o order_n as_o they_o lie_v in_o that_o treatise_n but_o draw_v they_o forth_o as_o they_o shall_v concern_v either_o the_o land_n itself_o or_o the_o person_n that_o i_o will_v orderly_a speak_v of_o that_o be_v to_o say_v particular_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o tenant_n the_o husband_n and_o the_o wife_n the_o child_n and_o the_o gardien_fw-mi and_o so_o after_o addition_n of_o a_o few_o other_o thing_n incident_a to_o this_o purpose_n i_o will_v draw_v to_o a_o end_n as_o touch_v the_o land_n itself_o nature_n in_o which_o these_o custom_n have_v place_n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o all_o the_o land_n within_o this_o shire_n which_o be_v of_o ancient_a socage_n tenure_n be_v also_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o gavelkind_n for_o as_o for_o the_o land_n hold_v by_o ancient_a tenure_n of_o knight_n service_n they_o be_v at_o the_o common_a law_n &_o be_v not_o departible_a after_o the_o 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sciatis_fw-la nos_fw-la concessisse_fw-la &_o praesenti_fw-la charta_fw-la nostra_fw-la confirmasse_fw-la venerabili_fw-la patri_fw-la nostro_fw-la ac_fw-la chro._n huberto_n cantuar._n archiepiscopo_fw-la &_o successoribus_fw-la suis_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la quòd_fw-la liceat_fw-la eye_n terras_fw-la quas_fw-la homines_fw-la de_fw-la feodo_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la cantua_n tenent_fw-la in_o gavelkind_n convertere_fw-la in_o feoda_fw-it militum_fw-la et_fw-la quod_fw-la idem_fw-la episcop_n &_o successores_fw-la svi_fw-la eanden_fw-mi in_o omnibus_fw-la potestatem_fw-la &_o libertatem_fw-la habeant_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la in_fw-la homines_fw-la illos_fw-la qui_fw-la terras_fw-la easdem_fw-la ita_fw-la in_o feodo_fw-la militum_fw-la conversas_fw-la tenebunt_fw-la &_o in_o haeredes_fw-la eorum_fw-la quam_fw-la ipse_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la habet_fw-la &_o successores_fw-la svi_fw-la post_fw-la eum_fw-la habebunt_fw-la in_fw-la alios_fw-la milites_fw-la de_fw-la feodo_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la cantuar._n &_o in_o haeredes_fw-la et_fw-la homines_fw-la illi_fw-la &_o haeredes_fw-la eorum_fw-la eandem_fw-la &_o omnem_fw-la libertaetem_fw-la habeant_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la quam_fw-la alij_fw-la milites_fw-la de_fw-la feodo_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la cantuar._n &_o haeredes_fw-la eorum_fw-la habent_fw-la ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la quod_fw-la nihilominus_fw-la consuetus_fw-la redditus_fw-la denariorum_fw-la reddatur_fw-la integre_n de_fw-la terris_fw-la suis_fw-la sicut_fw-la prius_fw-la xenia_fw-la averagia_fw-la &_o alia_fw-la opera_fw-la quae_fw-la fiebant_fw-la de_fw-la terris_fw-la ijsdem_fw-la convertantur_fw-la in_o redditum_fw-la denariorum_fw-la aequivalentem_fw-la et_fw-la redditus_fw-la ille_fw-la reddatur_fw-la sicut_fw-la alius_fw-la redditus_fw-la denariorum_fw-la quare_fw-la volumus_fw-la &_o firmiter_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la quod_fw-la quicquid_fw-la praedictus_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la &_o successores_fw-la svi_fw-la post_fw-la eum_fw-la de_fw-la terris_fw-la illis_fw-la in_o feodo_fw-la militum_fw-la secundum_fw-la praescriptam_fw-la formam_fw-la convertendis_fw-la fecerint_fw-la ratum_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la &_o stabile_fw-la permaneat_fw-la et_fw-la prohibemus_fw-la ne_fw-la quis_fw-la contrafactum_fw-la ipsius_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la vel_fw-la successorum_fw-la svorum_fw-la in_fw-la hac_fw-la parte_fw-la venire_fw-la praesumat_fw-la testae_fw-la e._n eliense_n &_o s._n bathon_n episcopis_fw-la g._n filio_fw-la petri_n comite_fw-la essex_n willmo_n marescallo_n comite_fw-la de_fw-fr penbroc_n roberto_n de_fw-fr harocort_n garino_n filio_fw-la geraldi_n petro_n de_fw-fr stoke_n ric._n de_fw-fr reverus_n roberto_n de_fw-fr tateshal_n datum_n per_fw-la manum_fw-la s._n archid._n willielmi_n apud_fw-la rupem_fw-la aurival_n 4._o die_v maij_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la tertio_fw-la but_o now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v disputable_a whether_o this_o chartre_z of_o the_o king_n be_v of_o sufficient_a virtue_n to_o change_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o gavelkind_n land_n or_o no_o and_o for_o that_o the_o certainty_n of_o the_o land_n so_o convert_v into_o knight_n fee_n do_v not_o any_o where_o that_o i_o have_v see_v appear_v save_o only_o that_o in_o the_o book_n of_o aid_n levy_v in_o this_o shire_n anno._n 20._o e._n 3._o it_o be_v four_o or_o five_o time_n note_v that_o certain_a land_n there_o be_v hold_v in_o knight_n service_n per_fw-la novam_fw-la licentiam_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la i_o will_v leave_v this_o and_o proceed_v to_o prove_v that_o all_o the_o land_n of_o ancient_a tenure_n in_o knight_n service_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o descent_n at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o that_o may_v i_o as_o i_o think_v sufficient_o do_v both_o by_o the_o express_a word_n of_o a_o note_n 9_o h._n 3._o in_o the_o title_n of_o praescription_n 63._o in_o fitzherbert_n by_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o same_o fitzherbert_n and_o norwiche_n justice_n 26._o h._n 8._o 5._o and_o by_o plain_a recital_n in_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v 31._o h._n 8._o ca._n 3._o by_o which_o statute_n the_o possession_n of_o certain_a gentleman_n there_o name_v be_v deliver_v from_o this_o customary_a descent_n and_o incorporate_v to_o the_o common_a law_n for_o amongst_o other_o thing_n in_o that_o act_n it_o be_v say_v that_o from_o thencefoorth_o such_o their_o land_n shall_v be_v change_v from_o the_o say_a custom_n and_o shall_v descend_v as_o land_n at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o as_o other_o land_n be_v in_o the_o say_a county_n of_o kent_n which_o never_o be_v hold_v by_o service_n of_o socage_n but_o always_o have_v be_v hold_v by_o knight_n service_n do_v descend_v by_o which_o word_n it_o be_v very_o evident_a that_o the_o maker_n of_o that_o statute_n understand_v all_o land_n hold_v by_o knight_n service_n to_o be_v of_o their_o proper_a nature_n descendable_a after_o the_o common_a law_n and_o that_o socage_n tenure_n be_v the_o only_a subject_n in_o which_o this_o our_o custom_n of_o gavelkind_n dissent_v prevail_v and_o hold_v place_n but_o when_o i_o thus_o speak_v of_o socage_n and_o knight_n fee_v gavelkind_n i_o must_v always_o be_v understand_v to_o mean_v of_o a_o tenure_n long_o since_o and_o of_o ancient_a time_n continue_v and_o not_o now_o new_o or_o late_o create_v for_o so_o it_o may_v fall_v out_o otherwise_o then_o be_v already_o report_v as_o for_o example_n if_o land_n ancient_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n come_v to_o the_o prince_n hand_n who_o afterward_o give_v the_o same_o out_o again_o to_o a_o common_a person_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o his_o manor_n of_o eastgrenewiche_n in_o socage_n i_o suppose_v that_o this_o land_n notwithstanding_o the_o alteration_n of_o the_o tenure_n remain_v descendable_a to_o the_o elder_a son_n only_o as_o it_o be_v before_o as_o also_o in_o like_a sort_n if_o land_n of_o ancient_a socage_n service_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o be_v deliver_v out_o again_o to_o be_v hold_v either_o of_o the_o prince_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o by_o knight_n service_n of_o any_o manor_n i_o think_v it_o ought_v to_o descend_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n notwithstanding_o that_o the_o tenure_n be_v alter_v and_o if_o this_o be_v true_a in_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o king_n himself_o then_o much_o less_o save_v the_o reverence_n due_a to_o king_n john_n chartre_z may_v the_o archebishop_n by_o a_o new_a creation_n of_o tenure_n gavelkind_n make_v
be_v say_v that_o faeminae_fw-la non_fw-la participabunt_fw-la cum_fw-la masculis_fw-la the_o female_n shall_v not_o divide_v with_o the_o male_n which_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o such_o as_o be_v in_o equal_a degree_n of_o kindred_n as_o brother_n and_o sister_n etc_n etc_n for_o if_o a_o man_n have_v issue_v three_o son_n &_o the_o elder_a have_v issue_v a_o daughter_n &_o die_v in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n and_o the_o father_n die_v in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o daughter_n shall_v join_v with_o the_o two_o other_o brethren_n her_o uncle_n for_o that_o she_o be_v not_o in_o equal_a degree_n with_o they_o as_o her_o father_n be_v who_o heir_n she_o nevertheless_o must_v be_v of_o necessity_n land_n and_o now_o thus_o much_o be_v speak_v touch_v the_o name_n tenure_n nature_n generality_n necessity_n reason_n and_o order_n of_o gavelkind_n it_o be_v worthy_a the_o labour_n to_o show_v of_o what_o quality_n the_o rent_n remainder_n condition_n voucher_n action_n and_o such_o other_o thing_n of_o the_o which_o some_o be_v issue_v out_o of_o these_o land_n some_o be_v annex_v unto_o they_o and_o some_o be_v raise_v by_o reason_n of_o they_o shall_v be_v in_o which_o behalf_n it_o may_v general_o be_v say_v that_o some_o of_o they_o shall_v ensue_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o land_n and_o some_o shall_v keep_v the_o same_o course_n that_o common_a law_n have_v appoint_v but_o in_o particular_a it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o if_o a_o rent_n rent_n be_v grant_v in_o fee_n out_o of_o gavelkind_n land_n it_o shall_v descend_v to_o all_o the_o male_n as_o the_o land_n itself_o shall_v do_v and_o ald._n and_o chart._n in_o 7._o e._n 3._o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o albeit_o a_o tenancy_n be_v of_o gavelkind_n nature_n yet_o the_o rend_a service_n by_o which_o that_o tenancy_n be_v hold_v may_v well_o be_v descendable_a at_o the_o common_a law_n the_o like_a shall_v be_v of_o a_o remainder_n remainder_n of_o gavelkind_n land_n for_o if_o it_o be_v tail_a to_o the_o heir_n male_n they_o altogether_o shall_v inherit_v it_o as_o fitzherb_n &_o norwiche_n two_o justice_n thought_n 26._o h._n 8._o 8._o but_o that_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o descent_n only_o for_o if_o land_n of_o gavelkind_n nature_n be_v leassed_a for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o i_o at_o style_n which_o have_v issue_n four_o son_n &_o die_v &_o after_o the_o leassée_fw-fr for_o life_n die_v now_o the_o elder_a son_n only_o of_o i_o at_o stile_n shall_v have_v this_o land_n for_o he_o be_v right_a heir_n and_o that_o be_v a_o good_a name_n of_o purchase_n 37._o h._n 8._o done._n 42._o en_fw-fr master_n brook_n but_o if_o the_o land_n have_v be_v give_v to_o i_o at_o style_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o his_o next_o heir_n male_a this_o have_v be_v a_o estate_n tail_n in_o i._n s._n himself_o and_o then_o the_o land_n as_o i_o take_v it_o shall_v have_v descend_v to_o all_o his_o son_n in_o so_o much_o as_o in_o that_o case_n the_o word_n next_o heir_n male_a be_v not_o a_o name_n of_o purchase_n howbeit_o it_o be_v great_o doubt_v 3._o &_o 4._o phil._n &_o mariae_fw-la as_o justice_n dalison_n report_v if_o a_o remainder_n be_v devise_v by_o testament_n proximo_fw-la haeredi_fw-la masculo_fw-la whether_o in_o that_o case_n the_o elder_a brother_n only_o shall_v have_v it_o in_o so_o much_o as_o in_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o law_n which_o be_v a_o judge_n over_o all_o custom_n he_o be_v the_o next_o heir_n male_a and_o therefore_o inquire_v of_o it_o as_o touch_v voucher_n it_o appear_v 11._o e._n 3._o vourcher_n that_o all_o the_o heir_n in_o gavelkind_n shall_v be_v vouch_v for_o the_o warranty_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o not_o the_o elder_a only_a but_o the_o opinion_n of_o master_n litleton_n and_o of_o the_o justice_n 22._o e._n 4._o be_v clear_o that_o the_o elder_a son_n only_o shall_v be_v rebut_v or_o bar_v by_o the_o warranty_n of_o the_o ancestor_n to_o be_v short_a condition_n the_o elder_a son_n only_o shall_v entrée_n for_o the_o breach_n of_o a_o condition_n but_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o brethren_n shall_v be_v join_v with_o he_o in_o sue_v a_o write_v of_o attaint_n error_n to_o reform_v a_o false_a verdict_n or_o error_n to_o reverse_v a_o erroneous_a judgement_n and_o they_o all_o shall_v be_v charge_v for_o the_o debt_n of_o their_o ancestor_n if_o so_o be_v that_o they_o all_o have_v assetz_n in_o their_o hand_n but_o if_o the_o elder_a only_a have_v assetz_n remain_v and_o the_o residue_n have_v alien_v their_o part_n than_o he_o only_o shall_v be_v charge_v after_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o book_n 11._o e._n 3._o det._n 7._o and_o this_o also_o for_o this_o part_n at_o this_o time_n shall_v suffice_v now_o a_o word_n or_o twain_o touch_v the_o trial_n of_o right_n in_o this_o gavelkind_n land_n &_o then_o forward_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o my_o purpose_n there_o be_v at_o the_o common_a law_n two_o sort_n of_o trial_n in_o a_o writ_n of_o right_n by_o battle_n and_o by_o the_o grand_a assize_n gavelkind_n of_o the_o which_o two_o this_o custom_n exclude_v the_o one_o &_o alter_v the_o other_o for_o battle_n it_o admit_v not_o at_o all_o &_o the_o grand_a assize_n it_o receive_v not_o by_o the_o election_n of_o 4._o knight_n but_o of_o 4._o tenant_n in_o gavelkind_n as_o it_o may_v be_v read_v in_o the_o ancient_a treatise_n of_o the_o custom_n of_o this_o country_n but_o when_o i_o speak_v of_o the_o treatise_n of_o the_o custom_n you_o must_v know_v i_o mean_v not_o the_o which_o be_v late_o imprint_v but_o a_o other_o with_o much_o more_o faith_n &_o diligence_n long_o since_o exemplify_v a_o copy_n whereof_o you_o shall_v find_v at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o book_n for_o not_o only_o in_o this_o part_n the_o word_n ne_fw-la soient_fw-fr prize_n per_fw-la battle_n be_v clean_o omit_v in_o the_o imprint_v book_n but_o in_o sundry_a other_o place_n also_o the_o word_n be_v mangle_v the_o sentence_n be_v curtail_v and_o the_o meaning_n be_v obscure_v as_o by_o conference_n of_o the_o variation_n it_o may_v to_o any_o skilful_a reader_n most_o easy_o appear_v but_o all_o that_o i_o will_v refer_v to_o the_o sight_n and_o judgement_n of_o such_o as_o will_v search_v and_o examine_v it_o and_o return_v to_o my_o purpose_n show_v you_o what_o belong_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o this_o gavelkind_n land_n by_o reason_n of_o this_o custom_n and_o for_o because_o the_o prince_n be_v chief_a lord_n of_o all_o the_o realm_n as_o of_o who_o all_o land_n within_o the_o same_o be_v either_o mediate_o or_o immediate_o hold_v let_v we_o first_o see_v what_o right_a by_o reason_n of_o this_o custom_n belong_v unto_o he_o felony_n if_o tenant_n in_o fee_n simple_a of_o land_n in_o gavelkind_n commit_v felony_n and_o suffer_v the_o judgement_n of_o death_n therefore_o the_o prince_n shall_v have_v all_o his_o chattel_n for_o a_o forfeiture_n but_o as_o touch_v the_o land_n he_o shall_v neither_o have_v the_o eschete_n of_o it_o though_o it_o be_v immediate_o hold_v of_o himself_o nor_o the_o day_n year_n and_o waste_v if_o it_o be_v hold_v of_o any_o other_o for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o heir_n notwithstanding_o the_o offence_n of_o his_o ancestor_n shall_v enter_v immediate_o &_o enjoy_v the_o land_n after_o the_o same_o custom_n and_o service_n by_o which_o they_o be_v before_o hold_v in_o assurance_n whereof_o it_o be_v common_o say_v the_o father_n to_o the_o bough_n the_o son_n to_o the_o ploughe_n but_o this_o rule_n hold_v in_o case_n of_o felony_n and_o of_o murder_n only_o and_o in_o case_n not_o of_o treason_n at_o all_o and_o it_o hold_v also_o in_o case_n where_o the_o offendor_n be_v justify_v by_o order_n of_o law_n and_o not_o where_o he_o withdraw_v himself_o after_o the_o fault_n commit_v and_o will_v not_o abide_v his_o lawful_a trial_n for_o if_o such_o a_o one_o absent_a himself_o after_o proclamation_n make_v for_o he_o in_o the_o county_n and_o be_v outlaw_v or_o otherwise_o if_o he_o take_v sanctuary_n and_o do_v abjure_v the_o realm_n then_o shall_v his_o heir_n reap_v no_o benefit_n by_o this_o custom_n but_o the_o prince_n or_o the_o lord_n shall_v take_v their_o forfeiture_n in_o such_o degree_n as_o if_o the_o land_n be_v at_o the_o common_a law_n which_o thing_n be_v apparent_a both_o by_o the_o book_n 8._o e._n 2._o abridge_v by_o master_n fitzherbert_n in_o his_o title_n of_o prescription_n 50._o and_o by_o 22._o e._n 3._o fol._n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o this_o custom_n shall_v not_o be_v construe_v by_o equity_n but_o by_o a_o straight_a and_o literal_a interpretation_n and_o also_o by_o the_o plain_a rehearsal_n of_o the_o say_a treatise_n of_o
for_o her_o endowment_n and_o the_o other_o to_o her_o depart_a husband_n to_o be_v bestow_v by_o his_o executor_n if_o he_o make_v a_o testament_n or_o by_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o ordinary_a if_o he_o die_v intestate_a the_o self_n same_o order_n be_v at_o this_o day_n observe_v in_o the_o city_n of_o london_n london_n and_o the_o same_o in_o effect_n be_v long_o since_o use_v throughout_o the_o whole_a realm_n for_o it_o be_v evident_a both_o by_o the_o law_n of_o king_n canutus_n before_o remember_v by_o master_n glanvil_n in_o his_o book_n ca._n 18._o and_o by_o the_o word_n of_o magna_n carta_n that_o the_o wife_n and_o child_n have_v their_o reasonable_a part_n of_o the_o good_n by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n howsoever_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v at_o the_o length_n that_o it_o be_v admit_v for_o law_n but_o in_o such_o country_n only_o where_o it_o be_v continue_v by_o daily_a usage_n as_o it_o be_v hold_v 17._o e._n 2._o and_o in_o many_o other_o book_n &_o that_o all_o the_o writ_n in_o the_o register_n de_fw-fr rationabili_fw-la parte_fw-la bonorum_fw-la have_v mention_n of_o the_o special_a custom_n of_o the_o shire_n in_o which_o the_o part_n be_v demand_v but_o as_o in_o deed_n at_o this_o day_n partition_n of_o chattel_n be_v not_o use_v though_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o have_v not_o lose_v the_o force_n of_o common_a law_n as_o many_o think_v through_o out_o the_o whole_a realm_n so_o be_v it_o so_o far_o as_o i_o can_v learn_v vanish_v quite_o out_o of_o all_o ure_n within_o this_o country_n also_o and_o therefore_o see_v the_o garden_n be_v deliver_v of_o this_o charge_n we_o also_o will_v leave_v to_o speak_v further_o of_o the_o good_n and_o come_v to_o the_o partition_n and_o custody_n of_o the_o land_n of_o this_o infant_n if_o a_o man_n die_v seize_v of_o land_n in_o gavelkind_n land_n of_o any_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n all_o his_o son_n shall_v have_v equal_a portion_n &_o if_o he_o have_v no_o son_n than_o ought_v it_o equal_o to_o be_v divide_v amongst_o his_o daughter_n but_o yet_o so_o that_o the_o elder_a son_n or_o daughter_n have_v by_o the_o custom_n a_o preeminence_n of_o election_n and_o the_o young_a son_n or_o daughter_n a_o preferment_n in_o the_o partition_n for_o as_o of_o ancient_a time_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o elder_a the_o first_o choice_n after_o the_o division_n so_o to_o the_o part_n of_o the_o young_a there_o ought_v to_o be_v allot_v in_o the_o division_n that_o piece_n of_o the_o mesuage_n which_o our_o treatise_n call_v astre_n mean_v by_o which_o word_n be_v mean_v as_o i_o conjecture_v for_o otherwise_o i_o have_v not_o learned_a either_o the_o hall_n or_o chief_a room_n of_o the_o house_n either_o else_o the_o well_o for_o water_n or_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o build_n for_o astre_n be_v sound_v without_o s_o may_v come_v of_o the_o latin_a word_n atrium_n which_o signify_v a_o hall_n or_o of_o haustrum_fw-la which_o betoken_v the_o bucket_n of_o a_o well_o or_o of_o austrum_fw-la the_o south_n side_n every_o of_o which_o have_v their_o particular_a commodity_n above_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o house_n or_o tenement_n or_o otherwise_o if_o that_o shall_v like_v any_o man_n better_a be_v sound_v with_o s_o it_o may_v be_v deduce_v from_o the_o french_a word_n asistre_n by_o contraction_n astre_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o a_o site_n or_o situation_n and_o with_o the_o article_n le_o before_o it_o lestre_n a_o churchyard_n or_o court_n about_o a_o house_n but_o whatsoever_o the_o word_n mean_v i_o will_v not_o long_o labour_n in_o it_o see_v that_o at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v no_o such_o regard_n make_v in_o the_o partition_n but_o only_a consideration_n have_v that_o the_o part_n themselves_o be_v equal_a and_o indifferent_a now_o therefore_o if_o the_o child_n be_v under_o the_o age_n of_o 15._o year_n the_o next_o cousin_n to_o who_o the_o inheritance_n may_v not_o descend_v shall_v have_v the_o education_n &_o order_n of_o his_o body_n &_o land_n until_o such_o time_n as_o he_o shall_v attain_v to_o that_o age_n even_o as_o the_o garden_n in_o socage_n at_o the_o common_a law_n shall_v keep_v he_o until_o the_o ward_n aspire_v to_o fourteen_o and_o in_o all_o other_o thing_n also_o this_o customary_a garden_n be_v to_o be_v charge_v and_o to_o have_v allowance_n in_o such_o sort_n and_o none_o other_o then_o as_o the_o garden_n in_o socage_n at_o the_o common_a law_n be_v save_v only_o as_o it_o be_v partly_o remember_v already_o that_o he_o be_v both_o chargeable_a to_o the_o heir_n in_o account_n for_o his_o receipt_n &_o subject_n also_o to_o the_o distress_n of_o the_o lord_n for_o the_o same_o cause_n custom_n yet_o do_v i_o not_o hear_v that_o the_o lord_n take_v upon_o they_o at_o this_o day_n to_o commit_v the_o custody_n of_o these_o infant_n but_o that_o they_o leave_v it_o altogether_o to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o next_o of_o the_o kin_n the_o rather_o belike_o for_o that_o they_o themselves_o if_o they_o intermeddle_v stand_v chargeable_a in_o default_n of_o the_o ability_n of_o such_o as_o happy_o they_o may_v credit_v therewithal_o so_o that_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n the_o add_v consist_v only_a in_o this_o that_o garden_n in_o socage_n at_o the_o common_a law_n shall_v keep_v the_o land_n till_o the_o infant_n be_v fourteen_o year_n of_o age_n and_o garden_n by_o this_o custom_n till_o he_o have_v attain_v full_o fifteen_o which_o diversity_n arise_v not_o without_o great_a reason_n for_o whereas_o the_o infant_n in_o socage_n at_o the_o common_a law_n yearâ—â—_n can_v make_v alienation_n of_o his_o land_n until_o he_o have_v reach_v to_o the_o full_a age_n of_o 21._o year_n although_o he_o be_v long_o before_o that_o free_a from_o all_o wardship_n the_o infant_n in_o socage_n by_o this_o custom_n may_v give_v and_o sell_v his_o land_n so_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v creep_v out_o of_o this_o custody_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v expedient_a at_o the_o jest_n to_o add_v one_o year_n to_o the_o common_a law_n before_o he_o shall_v be_v of_o power_n to_o depart_v with_o his_o inheritance_n which_o otherwise_o be_v unadvised_o make_v away_o may_v work_v his_o own_o impoverishment_n and_o overthrow_n and_o true_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o the_o custom_n itself_o have_v a_o watchful_a eye_n upon_o the_o same_o matter_n in_o so_o much_o as_o it_o licence_v he_o at_o fifteen_o year_n not_o to_o give_v his_o land_n for_o that_o he_o may_v do_v for_o nothing_o but_o to_o give_v and_o sell_v his_o land_n which_o it_o mean_v he_o shall_v not_o do_v without_o sufficient_a recompense_n such_o like_a interpretation_n the_o common_a law_n also_o seem_v to_o make_v of_o this_o custom_n both_o by_o the_o opinion_n of_o vavasor_n 5._o h._n 7._o who_o say_v the_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o a_o release_v make_v by_o such_o a_o infant_n be_v void_a by_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o book_n 21._o e._n 4._o 24._o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o infant_n can_v declare_v his_o will_n upon_o such_o a_o feoffment_n and_o by_o the_o judgement_n of_o hank_n 11._o h._n 4._o who_o also_o hold_v that_o a_o warranty_n or_o grant_v of_o a_o reversion_n make_v at_o such_o age_n be_v to_o no_o purpose_n at_o all_o although_o a_o lease_n with_o release_n may_v happy_o be_v good_a by_o the_o custom_n because_o that_o amount_v to_o a_o feoffment_n and_o in_o my_o simple_a judgement_n it_o be_v not_o fit_a that_o this_o custom_n shall_v be_v construe_v by_o equity_n for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o stand_v not_o with_o any_o equity_n to_o enable_v a_o infant_n of_o little_a discretion_n and_o less_o experience_n to_o sell_v his_o land_n and_o not_o to_o provide_v withal_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v quid_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la and_o some_o reasonable_a recompense_n for_o the_o same_o for_o that_o be_v not_o to_o defend_v the_o pupil_n and_o fatherless_a but_o to_o lay_v he_o wide_o open_a to_o every_o sly_a deceit_n and_o circumvention_n in_o which_o respect_n i_o can_v but_o very_o well_o like_a of_o their_o opinion_n year_n who_o hold_v that_o if_o a_o infant_n in_o gavelkind_n at_o this_o day_n will_v sell_v at_o xv_o year_n of_o age_n these_o three_o thing_n ought_v of_o necessity_n to_o concur_v if_o he_o will_v have_v the_o sale_n good_a and_o effectual_a the_o first_o that_o he_o be_v a_o heir_n and_o not_o a_o purchasour_n of_o the_o land_n that_o he_o depart_v withal_o the_o second_o that_o he_o have_v recompense_n for_o it_o and_o the_o three_o that_o he_o do_v it_o with_o livery_n of_o seison_n by_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o not_o by_o warrant_n of_o attorney_n nor_o by_o any_o other_o manner_n of_o assurance_n and_o these_o man_n for_o proof_n
quilz_n pusent_v lour_v terres_fw-la in_o that_o which_o shall_v be_v needful_a and_o that_o they_o may_v their_o land_n &_o &_o lour_v their_o tenementz_n tenement_n donor_n &_o vender_n licence_n saunz_fw-fr congee_n demaunder_n a_o give_v and_o sell_v without_o licence_n ask_v of_o their_o lour_v seignerage_n saw_v a_o seignorage_n les_fw-fr rentz_n lord_n save_v unto_o the_o lord_n the_o rent_n and_o e_fw-it les_fw-fr the_o service_n service_n due_n des_fw-fr mesme_n le_fw-fr tenementz_n due_n out_o of_o the_o same_o tenement_n et_fw-fr que_fw-fr touz_v e_fw-la chescun_fw-la and_o that_o all_o and_o every_o of_o they_o puseit_n per_fw-la brë_fw-la le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr may_v by_o writ_n of_o the_o king_n ou_fw-fr or_o per_fw-la by_o plaint_n plaint_n pleinte_v pleader_n pur_fw-mi lour_v plead_n for_o the_o obtain_n drou_fw-fr purchaser_n auxibien_fw-fr de_fw-fr lour_v seignerage_n come_v des_fw-fr auter_fw-fr of_o their_o right_n as_o well_o of_o their_o lord_n as_o of_o other_o man_n gentz_n et_fw-la clament_fw-la auxi_fw-la que_fw-fr la_fw-fr commune_fw-la de_fw-fr gavylekendey_n and_o they_o claim_v also_o that_o the_o commonalty_n of_o gavelkindman_n que_fw-fr ne_fw-fr tenent_fw-la mes_fw-fr que_fw-fr tenemenz_fw-fr gavylekendey_n which_o hold_v none_o other_o than_o tenement_n of_o gavelkind_n nature_n ne_o deivent_a venir_fw-fr a_fw-fr la_fw-fr comune_fw-la somonse_n deal_v eire_n oug_a to_o not_o to_o come_v to_o the_o common_a summons_n of_o the_o eire_n mes_fw-fr but_o ke_fw-mi per_fw-mi borgesaldre_n only_o by_o the_o borsholder_n &_o and_o iiij_o four_o homens_n man_n the_o of_o la_fw-fr the_o borghe_a borrow_n borsholder_n horse_n except_o pris_fw-fr les_fw-fr villee_n que_fw-fr deivent_a responder_n per_fw-la xij_o hommes_fw-fr en_fw-fr le_fw-fr eire_n the_o town_n which_o ought_v to_o answer_v by_o twelve_o man_n in_o the_o eire_n et_fw-la and_o they_o clament_fw-la claim_n auxi_fw-la also_o only_o que_fw-fr sil_fw-fr nul_fw-fr tenant_n en_fw-fr gavylekend_n seit_v attaint_n that_o if_o any_o tenant_n in_o gavelkind_n be_v attaint_v the_o of_o felony_n felony_n per_fw-la que_fw-la for_o the_o which_o il_fw-fr he_o suffer_v suffer_v juice_n de_fw-fr mort_fw-fr judgement_n of_o death_n eit_fw-mi le_fw-fr râ—y_n the_o king_n touz_v ses_fw-fr chateux_fw-fr shall_v have_v all_o his_o good_n e_o &_o son_n heir_n eir_fw-fr heir_n meintenant_fw-fr forthwith_o apres_fw-fr after_o sa_fw-fr his_o mort_fw-fr death_n seit_z shall_v inherit_v the_o touz_v be_v inheritable_a to_o all_o say_v his_o terres_fw-la land_n &_o &_o tenemenz_n tenement_n que_fw-fr which_o il_fw-fr he_o tient_fw-fr hold_v en_fw-fr in_o gavylekende_v gavelkind_n en_fw-fr in_o fee_n fee_n e_fw-it en_fw-fr heritage_n e_fw-it les_fw-fr tiendâ—a_fw-fr perâ—â—â—â—_n les_fw-fr &_o in_fw-la inheritance_n and_o he_o shall_v hold_v they_o by_o the_o same_o service_n service_n et_fw-la &_o custom_n custom_n sicome_a ses_fw-fr ancestor_n les_fw-fr tyndront_n dont_fw-fr est_fw-fr do_v as_o his_o ancestor_n hold_v they_o whereupon_o it_o be_v say_v en_fw-fr in_o kenteis_fw-la kentish_n þe_v the_o fader_fw-mi father_n to_o to_o þe_v the_o boghe_n bough_n and_o &_o þe_v the_o son_n son_n to_o þe_v plogh_fw-mi to_o the_o plough_n and_o if_o et_fw-la he_o si_fw-mi il_fw-fr eit_fw-mi have_v a_o femme_fw-fr half_a wife_n meintenant_fw-fr seit_z dough_n forthw_o to_o be_v she_o endow_v by_o ê‘_n the_o le_fw-fr heir_n heir_n sil_fw-fr seit_z dage_n if_o he_o be_v of_o age_n the_o of_o la_fw-fr the_o meytie_n one_o half_a de_fw-mi touz_v les_fw-fr terres_fw-la e_o tenemenz_fw-fr que_fw-fr son_fw-fr baroun_n tint_v of_o all_o the_o land_n &_o tenement_n which_o her_o husband_n hold_v the_o of_o gavylekend_n gavelkind_n nature_n en_fw-fr in_o fee_n fee_fw-fr a_o aver_v e_o a_o tener_fw-la solonc_fw-fr la_fw-fr form_n de_fw-fr to_o have_v &_o to_o hold_v according_a to_o the_o form_n suthdyte_n hereafter_o declare_v et_fw-la and_o de_fw-la of_o tiel_fw-fr such_o terres_fw-la land_n le_fw-fr the_o roy_fw-fr king_n ne_fw-fr avera_fw-mi an_fw-mi shall_v not_o have_v the_o year_n ne_o nor_o waste_v be_v forfeiture_n mes_fw-fr tant_fw-fr soulment_n les_fw-fr chateux_fw-fr sicome_a il_fw-fr est_fw-fr avamtdit_n et_fw-la si_fw-la but_o only_o the_o good_n as_o be_v before_o say_v and_o if_o any_o man_n of_o nul_fw-fr gavylekendeis_n gavelkind_n either_o pur_fw-mi felony_n either_o for_o felony_n ou_fw-fr or_o pour_fw-fr for_o ret_o suspicion_n de_fw-fr of_o felony_n felony_n se_fw-la suthtres_fw-la a_o draw_v he_o de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pee_z out_o of_o the_o country_n e_fw-la scit_fw-la en_fw-fr count_v demand_n come_v il_fw-fr appent_v &_o be_v demand_v in_o the_o county_n as_o he_o ought_v e_o &_o puis_fw-fr be_fw-mi utlagheâ—ou_fw-fr sil_fw-fr se_fw-mi meet_v en_fw-fr scinte_fw-fr eglise_fw-fr et_fw-fr foriure_n la_fw-fr terre_fw-fr one_o afterward_o utlaw_v or_o put_v himself_o into_o the_o holy_a church_n &_o abjure_v the_o le_fw-fr reaume_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr avera_fw-la lan_o e_fw-la le_fw-fr waist_n de_fw-fr ces_fw-fr terres_fw-la &_o the_o land_n &_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v the_o year_n &_o that_o waste_v of_o his_o land_n &_o of_o touz_v all_o ses_fw-fr his_o tenemenz_n tenement_n ensemblement_n ove_z touz_v together_o with_o all_o his_o good_n ces_fw-fr and_o chateus_fw-la chattel_n issint_fw-la que_fw-fr apres_fw-fr lan_o e_fw-it le_fw-fr tour_fw-fr le_fw-fr plus_fw-fr ê“cheyn_fw-mi seigâ—ou_fw-mi signior_n so_o that_o after_o the_o year_n the_o day_n the_o next_o lord_n or_o lord_n eyent_n shall_v leur_fw-fr have_v their_o eschetes_n eschetes_n de_fw-fr celes_z terres_fw-la e_o tenemenz_fw-fr of_o those_o land_n and_o tenement_n chescun_fw-fr every_o seigneur_fw-fr lord_n ceo_fw-la that_o que_fw-fr which_o de_fw-fr be_v luy_fw-fr est_fw-fr tenu_fw-fr immediate_o sans_o hold_v man_n of_o he_o e_o clament_fw-la and_o they_o claim_v auxi_fw-la also_o que_fw-fr that_o si_fw-la if_o ascun_fw-la any_o tenant_n tenant_n en_fw-fr in_o gavylekende_v gavelkind_n murt_n die_v male_n et_fw-fr seit_z and_o be_v a_o inherit_v inheritor_n de_fw-fr of_o terres_fw-la land_n e_fw-la de_fw-la and_o tenemenz_fw-fr tenement_n de_fw-fr in_o gavylekende_v gavelkind_n que_fw-fr touz_v ses_fw-fr fitz_fw-fr that_o all_o his_o son_n shall_v partent_n part_n cel_z that_o heritage_n inheritance_n per_fw-la by_o ovele_n equal_a porcioun_n portion_n et_fw-la and_o si_fw-la nul_fw-fr heir_n if_o there_o be_v no_o madle_n ne_o seit_z seit_z la_fw-fr party_n feit_z entre_fw-fr les_fw-fr female_n sicome_a heiâ—e_v male_a let_v the_o partition_n be_v make_v between_o the_o female_n even_o enter_n les_fw-fr freres_fw-mi as_o between_o brother_n et_fw-fr la_fw-fr mesuage_n seit_z autreci_fw-fr entre_fw-fr eux_fw-fr and_o let_v the_o message_n also_o be_v depart_v departi_fw-la mes_fw-fr le_fw-fr astre_n demorra_fw-mi all_o pune_fw-la between_o they_o but_o the_o astre_n astre_n shall_v remain_v to_o the_o young_a son_n ou_fw-fr or_o all_o punee_n daughter_n e_o la_o value_n seit_v de_fw-fr ceo_fw-la liure_v a_o chescun_fw-fr des_fw-fr and_o be_v the_o value_n thereof_o deliver_v to_o each_o of_o the_o parceners_n parcener_n the_o of_o cel_z that_o heritage_n heritage_n a._n from_o xl_o forty_o pes_fw-la de_fw-la cel_z astre_n si_fw-la foot_n from_o that_o astre_n if_o le_o the_o tenement_n tenement_n le_fw-fr will_n peut_fw-fr so_fw-mi suffrir_fw-fr suffer_v e_o and_o donkz_n than_o le_fw-fr eye_n frere_fw-fr eit_fw-mi let_v the_o elder_a brother_n have_v la_fw-fr primere_fw-la electioun_n e_fw-it les_fw-fr autres_fw-fr apres_fw-fr per_fw-la degree_n the_o first_o choice_n &_o the_o other_o afterward_o according_a to_o their_o degree_n ensement_n likewise_o the_o of_o meson_n house_n que_fw-la which_o serront_n shall_v be_v trovet_n find_v en_fw-fr in_o tieu_n such_o message_n message_n seient_a departye_n entre_fw-fr les_fw-fr heir_n per_fw-la ovele_n porcioun_n let_v they_o be_v depart_v amongst_o the_o heir_n by_o equal_a portion_n ceo_n est_fw-la that_o be_v asavoir_fw-fr per_fw-la pey_v sil_fw-fr est_fw-la misty_a saw_n le_fw-fr covert_n del_fw-it astre_n to_o weet_v copy_n by_o foot_n if_o need_v be_v save_v the_o covert_a of_o the_o astre_n que_fw-fr remeynt_a all_o pune_fw-la which_o shall_v remain_v to_o the_o young_a son_n ou_fw-fr all_o punee_n sicome_a il_fw-fr est_fw-fr avandist_n or_o daughter_n as_o be_v before_o say_v issi_fw-la que_fw-fr nequedont_fw-fr que_fw-fr le_fw-fr punc_fw-la face_v renable_a gre_fw-mi a_o ces_fw-fr so_fw-ge nevertheless_o that_o the_o young_a make_v reasonable_a amends_n to_o his_o parcener_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr party_n que_fw-fr a_fw-fr eux_fw-fr appent_n parcener_n for_o the_o part_n which_o to_o they_o belong_v per_fw-la agard_fw-fr de_fw-fr by_o the_o award_n of_o bone_n good_a gentz_n man_n parcener_n e_o des_fw-fr avaunditz_fw-fr tenemenz_fw-fr dont_fw-fr un_fw-fr soul_n suit_n and_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a tenement_n whereof_o one_o only_a suit_n tant_fw-fr soulement_n soleit_fw-mi estre_fw-fr feit_z avaut_n ne_o seit_z per_fw-la la_fw-fr resoun_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr be_v wont_a to_o be_v make_v before_o time_n be_v there_o not_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o partition_n party_n for_o we_o un_fw-fr soul_n suit_n faite_fw-fr sicome_a soleit_n avaunt_o but_o one_o sole_a suit_n make_v as_o it_o be_v before_o accustom_v
mes_fw-fr but_o que_fw-fr tous_fw-fr les_fw-fr parcener_n facent_a contributiâ—un_n a_o celui_fw-fr que_fw-fr face_n yet_o let_v all_o the_o parcener_n make_v contribution_n to_o the_o parcener_n which_o make_v la_fw-fr suit_n pour_fw-fr eux_fw-fr ensement_n seient_fw-fr les_fw-fr chateus_fw-la de_fw-fr gavylekendey_n the_o suit_n for_o they_o good_n in_o like_a sort_n let_v the_o good_n of_o gavelkind_n person_n party_n en_fw-fr treis_n apres_fw-fr le_fw-fr exequy_n e_o les_fw-fr debt_n rendue_v si_fw-fr il_fw-fr y_fw-fr cit_fw-fr be_v part_v into_o .3_o part_n after_o the_o funeral_n &_o the_o debt_n pay_v if_o there_o be_v issue_n multer_fw-la en_fw-fr vie_n issi_fw-fr que_fw-fr la_fw-fr mort_fw-fr eyt_n la_fw-fr une_fw-fr party_n e_fw-it les_fw-fr fitz_fw-fr lawful_a issue_n on_o live_v so_o that_o the_o dead_a have_v one_o part_n &_o his_o lawful_a e_o les_fw-fr filles_fw-fr muliers_fw-fr lautre_fw-fr party_n et_fw-fr la_fw-fr femme_fw-fr la_fw-fr tierce_a party_n son_n and_o daughter_n a_o other_o part_n and_o the_o wife_n the_o third_o parte_fw-la et_fw-fr si_fw-fr nul_fw-fr issue_n mulier_fw-la en_fw-fr vie_n ne_fw-fr seit_z and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o lawful_a issue_n on_o live_v eit_fw-mi la_fw-fr mort_fw-fr la_fw-fr meite_n let_fw-mi the_o dead_a have_v the_o one_o half_a e_o la_fw-fr femme_fw-fr en_fw-fr vie_n lautre_fw-fr meytie_n et_fw-fr si_fw-fr le_fw-fr heir_n ou_fw-fr lez_fw-fr heir_n seit_z and_o the_o wife_n on_o live_v the_o other_o half_a and_o if_o the_o heir_n or_o heir_n shall_v be_v ou_fw-fr seyent_n de_fw-fr dein_n le_fw-fr age_n de_fw-mi xv_o ans_fw-fr seit_z la_fw-fr nouriture_n de_fw-fr eux_fw-fr under_o the_o age_n of_o .15_o year_n gavelkind_n let_v the_o nourtriture_n of_o they_o be_v commit_v bailler_fw-fr ê‘_n le_fw-fr seig._n all_o plus_fw-fr procheyn_fw-mi deal_n sink_v a_o qui_fw-fr heritage_n ne_fw-fr by_o the_o lord_n to_o the_o next_o of_o the_o blood_n to_o who_o the_o inheritance_n can_v peut_fw-fr not_o descendre_fw-fr descend_v issi_fw-fr que_fw-fr le_fw-fr seign_n pour_fw-fr le_fw-fr bail_n rem_fw-la ne_fw-la prengne_n so_o that_o the_o lord_n take_v nothing_o for_o the_o commit_v et_fw-la quill_n ne_fw-fr seit_z marry_o per_fw-la le_fw-fr seign_n mes_fw-fr per_fw-la sa_fw-fr volunte_z thereof_o and_o let_v not_o the_o heir_n be_v marry_v by_o the_o lord_n but_o by_o his_o own_o demeine_n &_o per_fw-la le_fw-fr conseil_fw-fr de_fw-fr ces_fw-fr amiss_o sil_fw-fr veut_fw-fr et_fw-fr quant_fw-fr cel_z will_n and_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o friend_n if_o he_o will._n and_o when_o such_o heir_n ou_fw-fr ceux_fw-fr heir_n sont_fw-fr de_fw-fr plener_n age_n the_o xu_o aun_n seient_a a_o heir_n or_o heir_n shall_v come_v to_o the_o full_a age_n of_o fifteen_o year_n let_v their_o eux_fw-fr lour_v terres_fw-la e_o lour_v tenemenz_n livre_n ensemblement_n one_o lour_v land_n and_o tenement_n be_v deliver_v unto_o they_o together_o with_o their_o chateaux_fw-fr et_fw-fr ove_z les_fw-fr enprowemenz_fw-fr de_fw-fr celes_z terres_fw-la outre_fw-fr good_n and_o with_o the_o emprovement_n profit_n of_o the_o same_o land_n remain_v renable_a sustenance_n de_fw-fr quel_fw-fr enprovement_n e_fw-it chateux_fw-fr above_o their_o reasonable_a sustenance_n of_o the_o which_o profit_n and_o good_n seit_z tenu_fw-fr a_fw-fr respondre_fw-fr celui_fw-fr qui_fw-fr de_fw-fr luy_fw-fr a_fw-fr tera_fw-fr la_fw-fr nurture_n let_v he_o be_v bind_v to_o make_v answer_n which_o have_v the_o education_n of_o the_o ou_fw-fr le_fw-fr seigneur_fw-fr ou_fw-fr ses_fw-fr heir_n que_fw-fr cel_z nurture_n avera_fw-mi bailler_fw-fr heir_n or_o else_o the_o lord_n or_o his_o heir_n which_o commit_v the_o same_o education_n et_fw-la ceo_fw-la fetch_v a_o savoir_fw-fr que_fw-fr del_fw-it hour_n que_fw-fr ceux_fw-fr and_o this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o from_o such_o time_n as_o those_o heir_n gavylekende_v seient_a ou_fw-fr ount_n pass_v le_fw-fr age_n de_fw-mi xv_o auns_fw-ge heir_n in_o gavelkind_n age_n be_v of_o or_o have_v pass_v the_o age_n of_o fifteen_o year_n listen_v a_o eux_fw-fr lour_v terres_fw-la ou_fw-fr tenemenz_fw-fr donor_n e_o vendre_fw-fr it_o be_v lawful_a for_o they_o their_o land_n or_o tenement_n to_o give_v and_o sell_v a_o at_o lour_v their_o volunte_z sawes_fw-fr les_fw-fr service_n au_fw-fr chefz_fw-fr seignorage_n come_v ill_a at_o their_o pleasure_n save_v the_o service_n to_o the_o chief_a lord_n as_o be_v est_fw-fr devant_fw-fr dit_fw-fr et_fw-fr si_fw-fr nul_fw-fr tiel_fw-fr tenant_n en_fw-fr gavylekend_n meurt_n e_o eit_v before_o say_v half_a and_o if_o any_o such_o tenant_n in_o gavelkind_n die_v and_o have_v a_o femme_fw-fr que_fw-fr survive_v wife_n that_o overlive_v he_o seit_z cele_n femme_fw-fr meyntenant_fw-fr douwe_n de_fw-fr let_v that_o wife_n by_o and_o by_o be_v endow_v of_o la_fw-fr meite_fw-mi des_fw-fr tenementz_n dont_fw-fr son_fw-fr baroun_n moru_v vestu_fw-ge e_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o tenement_n whereof_o her_o husband_n die_v vest_v &_o seisi_fw-la per_fw-la les_fw-fr heir_n sil_fw-fr seient_fw-fr de_fw-fr age_n ou_fw-fr per_fw-la les_fw-fr seigneures_fw-mi seize_v by_o the_o heir_n if_o they_o be_v of_o age_n or_o by_o the_o lord_n if_o si_fw-fr les_fw-fr heir_n ne_fw-fr saint_n pas_fw-fr de_fw-fr age_n the_o heir_n be_v not_o of_o age_n issi_fw-fr que_fw-fr eye_o eyt_n la_o so_o that_o she_o may_v have_v the_o moiety_n one_o half_a meite_fw-mi de_fw-fr celes_z terres_fw-la e_o tenemenz_fw-fr a_o tener_fw-la tant_fw-fr come_v eye_o see_v of_o those_o land_n and_o tenement_n to_o hold_v so_o long_o as_o she_o keep_v tyent_n veve_v her_o a_o widow_n dower_n ou_fw-fr de_fw-fr enfanter_n seit_v attaint_n per_fw-mi le_fw-fr auncienne_fw-fr or_o shall_v be_v attaint_v of_o childbirth_n after_o the_o ancient_a usage_n usage_n ceo_fw-la that_o est_fw-la be_v to_o asavoir_fw-fr que_fw-fr quant_fw-fr eye_o enfaunte_o e_o say_v that_o if_o when_o she_o be_v deliver_v of_o child_n the_o lenfant_n seit_z oy_fw-mi crier_n e_o que_fw-fr le_fw-fr hu_o e_fw-es le_fw-mi cry_v seit_z leave_v infant_n be_v hear_v cry_n and_o that_o the_o hue_n and_o cry_n be_v raise_v e_fw-la le_fw-fr pais_fw-fr ensemble_fw-fr and_o the_o country_n be_v assemble_v e_o eyent_n weve_fw-mi de_fw-fr lenfant_fw-fr ensi_fw-la faunte_n and_o have_v the_o view_n of_o the_o child_n so_o e_o de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mere_a borne_z and_o of_o the_o mother_n adonk_n perde_o son_n dowere_v enterement_z e_o then_o let_v she_o loose_v her_o dowry_n whole_o and_o autrement_fw-fr nyent_n tant_fw-fr come_v eye_o se_fw-mi tient_fw-fr veve_fw-mi otherwise_o not_o so_o long_o as_o she_o hold_v she_o a_o widow_n dont_fw-fr il_fw-fr est_fw-la whereof_o it_o be_v do_v en_fw-fr kentey_n se_fw-mi þat_fw-mi his_o wend_v see_v his_o lend_v say_v in_o kentish_a he_o that_o do_v wend_v she_o let_v he_o lend_v she_o half_a e_o and_o clament_fw-la auxi_fw-la que_fw-fr home_fw-fr que_fw-fr prent_fw-fr femme_fw-fr que_fw-fr eit_fw-mi heritage_n they_o claim_v also_o that_o if_o a_o man_n take_v a_o wife_n which_o have_v inheritance_n de_fw-fr of_o gavylekend_n gavelkind_n e_fw-it la_fw-fr femme_fw-fr murge_n avaunt_o luy_fw-fr and_o the_o wife_n die_v before_o he_o eit_fw-mi le_fw-fr baroun_n let_v the_o husband_n have_v le_fw-fr meite_fw-mi de_fw-fr celes_z terres_fw-la et_fw-la tenemenz_fw-fr tant_fw-fr come_v the_o one_o half_a of_o those_o land_n and_o tenement_n whereof_o she_o die_v seize_v il_fw-fr se_fw-fr tient_fw-fr vever_n doubt_n ill_a morust_n seisei_fw-mi saunz_v estrepement_n so_o long_o as_o he_o hold_v he_o a_o widower_n without_o do_v any_o strip_v ou_fw-fr waist_n ou_fw-fr exile_n fere_n le_fw-fr quel_fw-fr kill_fw-mi y_fw-mi eit_fw-mi heir_n entre_fw-fr or_o waste_v or_o banishment_n whether_o there_o be_v issue_n between_o eux_fw-fr they_o ou_fw-fr or_o noun_n no_o et_fw-fr sil_fw-fr prent_fw-fr femme_fw-fr and_o if_o he_o take_v another_o wife_n trestout_a perde_o let_v he_o loose_v all_o change_v ei_o and_o si_fw-la nul_fw-fr tenement_n de_fw-fr gavylekend_n escheat_n et_fw-la ceo_fw-la escheat_n seit_v a_o if_o any_o tenement_n of_o gavelkinne_n do_v escheat_n and_o that_o escheat_n be_v to_o nul_fw-fr seigneur_fw-fr que_fw-fr tiene_fw-it per_fw-la fee_fw-fr de_fw-fr hawberk_n ou_fw-fr per_fw-la seriauncye_n any_o lord_n which_o hold_v by_o fee_n of_o hawberke_n or_o by_o sericancie_n per_n by_o mort_fw-fr death_n ou_fw-fr or_o per_fw-la by_o gavelate_v sicome_n il_fw-fr est_fw-fr suthdite_fw-la be_v hereafter_o say_v ou_fw-fr livre_n â—â—it_n or_o be_v to_o he_o rendu_fw-fr de_fw-fr son_fw-fr tenant_n que_fw-fr de_fw-fr livre_n avaunt_o le_fw-fr tint_n per_fw-mi quiteclamaunce_n render_v give_v up_o by_o his_o tenant_n which_o before_o hold_v it_o of_o he_o by_o quiteclaime_v the_o ceofete_a ou_fw-fr seit_z sa_fw-fr escheat_n ê‘_n gavelate_v sicome_a il_fw-fr est_fw-fr de_fw-fr suthdit_fw-la thereof_o make_v or_o if_o his_o escheat_n be_v by_o gavelate_v as_o be_v hereafter_o say_v remeyne_a cele_n terre_fw-fr as_o heir_n impartable_a let_v this_o land_n remain_v to_o the_o heir_n unpartable_a et_fw-la ceo_fw-la fetch_v asavoir_fw-fr and_o this_o be_v to_o be_v la_fw-fr ou_fw-fr le_fw-fr tenant_n ensirendant_fw-fr understand_v where_o the_o tenant_n so_o render_v nule_a service_n
find_v in_o a_o record_v that_o thomas_n arundel_n a_o other_o bishop_n of_o the_o same_o see_v found_v a_o chaunterie_z at_o maidston_n school_n which_o whether_o it_o be_v the_o same_o that_o be_v sometime_o call_v the_o house_n of_o the_o brother_n and_o but_o late_o convert_v by_o the_o townsman_n into_o a_o free_a school_n or_o no_o i_o will_v not_o bold_o affirm_v but_o i_o think_v it_o rather_o so_o then_o otherwise_o of_o the_o bridge_n i_o find_v no_o beginning_n but_o i_o suspect_v that_o it_o rise_v by_o the_o archbishop_n which_o be_v not_o only_a owner_n of_o the_o palace_n hard_o by_o as_o you_o see_v but_o lord_n and_o patroness_n of_o the_o whole_a town_n and_o church_n also_o name_n and_o thus_o much_o only_a of_o the_o town_n as_o touch_v the_o river_n of_o medwey_n it_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v so_o name_v either_o because_o it_o stand_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o kentish_a kingdom_n or_o else_o for_o that_o it_o run_v mid_n between_o the_o two_o bishopric_n for_o the_o word_n midƿeg_n signify_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o midway_n as_o middeg_n do_v noon_n or_o midday_n unless_o happy_o some_o man_n will_v rather_o have_v it_o call_v medpoeg_n because_o of_o the_o meadow_n that_o it_o make_v all_o along_o the_o course_n of_o the_o same_o this_o river_n be_v increase_v by_o the_o four_o principal_a brook_n that_o run_v into_o it_o whereof_o to_o begin_v at_o the_o west_n the_o first_o spring_v about_o crowherst_n in_o surrey_n not_o far_o from_o the_o head_n of_o darent_fw-la it_o fall_v to_o eton-bridge_n and_o take_v in_o the_o way_n hever_n penshreste_n and_o tunbridge_n join_v with_o the_o second_o at_o yield_v the_o second_o arise_v at_o blackbrooks_n in_o waterdown_n forest_n not_o full_o a_o mile_n from_o eredge_n the_o lord_n aburgenny_n house_n and_o come_v to_o beyham_n to_o lamberhir_v street_n and_o to_o a_o place_n in_o scotney_n ground_n call_v little_a sussex_n where_o it_o meet_v with_o a_o small_a brook_n call_v beaul_n that_o spring_v at_o tishirst_n three_o mile_n of_o and_o give_v the_o name_n to_o beauldbridge_n from_o whence_o they_o join_v in_o journey_n to_o horsmondon_n and_o merden_n and_o there_o mingle_v with_o the_o three_o they_o run_v altogether_o to_o yalding_n the_o three_o brook_n take_v beginning_n about_o great_a chart_fw-la and_o descend_v to_o hedcorne_v stilebridge_n and_o merden_n the_o four_o and_o last_o break_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n at_o lineham_n wash_v the_o castle_n of_o lead_fw-la a_o little_a from_o whence_o it_o receive_v the_o small_a water_n of_o holingburne_n &_o in_o a_o company_n of_o the_o same_o pass_v towards_o maidstone_n at_o which_o place_n as_o i_o think_v the_o name_n of_o medwey_n first_o begin_v the_o rather_o because_o it_o have_v there_o receive_v all_o his_o help_n and_o cross_v the_o shire_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n labour_v from_o thence_o in_o one_o entire_a channel_n to_o find_v out_o the_o sea._n eile_n for_o otherwise_o the_o river_n itself_o be_v proper_o call_v egle_n or_o eyle_n of_o which_o both_o the_o town_n of_o ailesford_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o alington_n or_o rather_o eylington_n do_v take_v their_o name_n if_o i_o fail_v in_o this_o derivation_n the_o fault_n for_o the_o first_o part_n be_v he_o that_o make_v the_o chart_n of_o this_o shire_n &_o then_o the_o folly_n be_v i_o that_o follow_v he_o but_o the_o truth_n notwithstanding_o be_v easy_o to_o be_v find_v out_o by_o any_o man_n that_o will_v make_v investigation_n and_o examine_v it_o and_o our_o trespass_n also_o herein_o more_o venial_a for_o that_o we_o go_v not_o about_o to_o shadow_v it_o piccendene_n hothe_o common_o but_o ancient_o write_v pinenden_n of_o pinian_n to_o punish_v and_o so_o it_o sound_v the_o place_n of_o execution_n or_o punishment_n begin_v robert_n the_o duke_n of_o normandy_n have_v issue_n by_o a_o concubine_n who_o name_n as_o the_o annal_n of_o s._n augustine_n report_n be_v harlothe_v and_o after_o who_o as_o i_o conjecture_v such_o incontinent_a woman_n have_v ever_o since_o be_v call_v harlot_n three_o son_n that_o be_v to_o say_v william_n that_o afterward_o subdue_v this_o realm_n robert_n that_o be_v create_v earl_n of_o moretone_n and_o odo_n that_o be_v first_o consecrate_v bishop_n of_o baieux_n than_o earl_n of_o kent_n and_o last_o lieutenant_n or_o vicegerent_n of_o this_o whole_a realm_n under_o william_n his_o brother_n kent_n robert_n be_v repute_v a_o man_n of_o small_a courage_n wisdom_n and_o learning_n and_o therefore_o pass_v his_o time_n in_o glorious_o but_o odo_n be_v find_v to_o be_v of_o nature_n so_o busy_a greedy_a and_o ambitious_a that_o he_o move_v many_o tragedy_n within_o this_o realm_n and_o be_v in_o the_o end_n throw_v from_o the_o stage_n and_o drive_v into_o normandy_n as_o hereafter_o in_o fit_a place_n shall_v be_v more_o ample_o declare_v in_o the_o mean_a while_n for_o this_o present_a place_n and_o purpose_n i_o find_v that_o during_o his_o abode_n in_o kent_n right_n he_o have_v so_o encroach_v upon_o the_o land_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o canterbury_n and_o bishopric_n of_o rochester_n that_o lanfranc_n be_v promote_v to_o that_o see_v of_o dignity_n and_o find_v the_o want_n complain_v to_o the_o king_n and_o obtain_v that_o with_o his_o good_a pleasure_n they_o may_v make_v trial_n of_o their_o right_n with_o he_o to_o the_o which_o end_n also_o the_o same_o king_n give_v commission_n to_o goisfrid_n than_o bishop_n of_o constance_n in_o normandy_n to_o represent_v his_o own_o person_n for_o hear_v of_o the_o controversy_n cause_v egelric_n the_o bishop_n of_o chichester_n a_o age_a man_n singular_o commend_v for_o skill_n in_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o be_v bring_v thither_o in_o a_o wagon_n for_o his_o assistance_n in_o counsel_n command_v haymo_n the_o sheriff_n of_o kent_n to_o summon_v the_o whole_a county_n to_o give_v in_o evidence_n and_o charge_v odo_n his_o brother_n to_o be_v present_a at_o such_o time_n and_o place_n as_o shall_v be_v notify_v unto_o he_o pinnendene_n heath_n lie_v almost_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o therefore_o very_o indifferent_a for_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o whole_a county_n be_v the_o appoint_a place_n and_o thereunto_o not_o only_o the_o whole_a number_n of_o the_o most_o expert_a man_n of_o this_o shire_n but_o of_o sundry_a other_o country_n also_o come_v in_o great_a frequency_n and_o spend_v three_o whole_a day_n in_o debate_n of_o these_o bishop_n controversy_n conclude_v in_o the_o end_n that_o lanfranc_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o rochester_n shall_v be_v restore_v to_o the_o possession_n of_o detling_n stoce_n preston_n danitune_n and_o sundry_a other_o land_n that_o odo_n have_v withhold_v and_o that_o neither_o the_o earl_n of_o kent_n nor_o the_o king_n himself_o have_v right_a to_o claim_v any_o thing_n in_o any_o the_o land_n of_o the_o archebishop_n save_v only_o these_o three_o custom_n which_o concern_v the_o king_n high_a way_n that_o lead_v from_o one_o city_n to_o a_o other_o that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o if_o any_o of_o the_o archebishops_n tenant_n shall_v dig_v in_o such_o a_o high_a way_n or_o fall_v a_o tree_n across_o the_o same_o to_o the_o hindrance_n of_o common_a passage_n and_o be_v take_v with_o the_o manner_n or_o convince_v thereof_o by_o law_n he_o shall_v make_v amends_n to_o the_o king_n therefore_o and_o likewise_o when_o he_o do_v commit_v bloudsheade_n manslaughter_n or_o any_o other_o criminal_a offence_n in_o such_o be_v deprehend_v do_v the_o fault_n that_o the_o amends_n thereof_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n also_o but_o in_o this_o latter_a case_n if_o he_o be_v not_o take_v with_o the_o manner_n but_o depart_v without_o pledge_n take_v of_o he_o that_o then_o the_o trial_n and_o the_o amends_n pertain_v to_o the_o archebishop_n himself_o and_o that_o the_o king_n have_v not_o to_o meddle_v therewith_o on_o the_o otherside_n also_o they_o agree_v that_o the_o archebishop_n have_v many_o privilege_n throughout_o all_o the_o land_n of_o the_o king_n and_o of_o the_o earl_n as_o namely_o the_o amerciament_n of_o bloodshed_n from_o such_o time_n as_o they_o cease_v to_o say_v alleluia_n in_o the_o church_n service_n till_o the_o octave_n of_o easter_n the_o which_o how_o long_o it_o be_v let_v they_o see_v which_o can_v turn_v the_o pie_n and_o the_o portuse_n and_o at_o the_o least_o the_o one_o half_a of_o every_o amerciament_n due_a for_o the_o unlawful_a beget_n of_o child_n common_o call_v cysƿite_o which_o last_o thing_n i_o do_v the_o rather_o note_v to_o the_o end_n that_o it_o may_v appear_v adultery_n that_o in_o those_o day_n the_o bishop_n have_v not_o whole_o get_v into_o their_o hand_n the_o correction_n of_o adultery_n and_o fornication_n which_o of_o latter_a time_n
not_o to_o pursue_v over_o fierce_o thine_o enemy_n that_o have_v already_o turn_v his_o back_n towards_o thou_o lest_o thou_o compel_v he_o to_o make_v virtue_n of_o that_o necessity_n and_o he_o turn_v his_o face_n again_o put_v thou_o in_o d_z unger_n to_o be_v overcome_v thyself_o which_o fore_o have_v in_o thine_o own_o hand_n assurance_n to_o overthrow_v he_o in_o which_o behalf_n it_o be_v well_o say_v of_o one_o hosti_fw-la fugienti_fw-la pons_fw-la aureus_fw-la faciendus_fw-la if_o thine_o enemy_n will_v fly_v make_v he_o a_o bridge_n of_o gold_n nevertheless_o for_o as_o much_o as_o this_o advice_n proceed_v not_o from_o eadric_n of_o any_o care_n that_o he_o have_v to_o preserve_v king_n edmond_n power_n out_o of_o peril_n but_o rather_o of_o fear_n lest_o the_o whole_a army_n of_o canutus_n shall_v be_v overrun_v and_o destroy_v he_o be_v just_o tax_v for_o this_o and_o other_o his_o treason_n by_o our_o ancient_a historian_n who_o also_o make_v report_n of_o the_o worthy_a 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brother_n and_o and_o sire_v syred_a aelfrides_n elfrides_n suna_fw-la son_n and_o and_o Æ¿ulfsie_a wulfsie_n se_fw-mi the_o blaca_fw-la black_a and_o and_o Æ¿ine_a wine_n preost_fw-la the_o priest_n and_o and_o aelfgar_a elsgar_n on_o of_o meapaham_n mepham_n and_o and_o Æ¿ulfeh_n wulfey_n ordeges_fw-fr ordey_n suna_fw-la son_n and_o and_o aelfeh_n elfey_n his_o his_n broðor_n brother_n and_o and_o byrhtÆ¿ara_fw-mi birtwar_n aelfrice_n laf_fw-mi elfrice_n widow_n and_o and_o bryhtric_a britric_n his_fw-mi maeg_fw-la &_o her_o cousin_n and_o aelfstan_n bisceop_n elfstane_n the_o bishop_n aere_v his_o cyne_fw-la hlaford_n aenne_n first_o to_o his_o natural_a lord_n beah_n on_o hundeahtotigan_n one_o bracelet_n of_o four_o score_n mancysen_v mark_v of_o gold_n gold_n and_o and_o one_fw-mi one_o handsec_n hatchet_n dagger_n handknife_n of_o on_o as_o eal_n sÆ¿a_o miclan_o much_o and_o and_o feoÆ¿er_n horse_n and_o four_o horse_n tÆ¿a_o geraedede_o two_o of_o they_o trap_v and_o and_o tÆ¿a_o two_o sÆ¿rd_a sword_n gefetelsode_n trim_v and_o and_o tÆ¿egen_o two_o hafocas_n hawk_n and_o and_o ealle_v all_o his_o his_o heador_n hundas_n hound_n hedgehounde_n and_o þaere_n and_o to_o the_o lord_n wife_n hlaefdian_a lady_n aenne_n one_o beah_n bracelet_n on_o of_o þrittigan_a thirty_o mancusan_n mark_n of_o gold_n gold_n and_o and_o aenne_n one_o stedan_n horse_n stead_n palfrey_n to_o to_o forespraece_n entreat_v ê§_n see_v cÆ¿yde_v standan_n most_o that_o this_o testament_n stand_v may_v and_o and_o for_o for_o his_o his_o saÆ¿le_n soul_n and_o and_o his_o his_o yldrena_fw-la elder_n ancestor_n into_o sct._n andree_n to_o saint_n androes_n rochester_n tÆ¿a_fw-la two_o sulung_v plowland_n aet_fw-la at_o denetune_n dentun_n and_o hio_n for_o hire_n saÆ¿le_n and_o hire_v yldrena_fw-la and_o they_o both_o for_o their_o soul_n and_o their_o elder_n tÆ¿a_fw-la aet_fw-la langafelda_fw-la two_o at_o longfield_n ploughland_n and_o and_o þider_v in_o
the_o thing_n that_o i_o have_v to_o remember_v in_o eltham_n and_o to_o make_v a_o end_n of_o all_o these_o be_v the_o place_n whereof_o i_o mean_v to_o make_v note_n in_o this_o my_o xenagogie_n and_o perambulation_n of_o kent_n the_o first_o and_o only_a shire_n that_o i_o have_v describe_v wherein_o although_o i_o have_v not_o speak_v of_o sundry_a town_n not_o inferior_a at_o this_o present_a in_o estimation_n to_o a_o great_a many_o that_o i_o have_v handle_v and_o happy_o equal_a with_o they_o in_o antiquity_n also_o yet_o i_o think_v i_o have_v neither_o pretermit_v many_o that_o be_v much_o worthy_a of_o observation_n nor_o scarce_o omit_v any_o that_o be_v mention_v in_o such_o book_n of_o history_n as_o be_v easy_o to_o be_v have_v and_o obtain_v but_o as_o for_o the_o feodary_n and_o tenor_n of_o land_n genealogy_n &_o arm_n of_o man_n ebb_n flood_n &_o tide_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o rivers_n flatte_n bar_n haven_n &_o such_o other_o thing_n although_o somewhat_o may_v 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suffer_v their_o land_n to_o descend_v not_o to_o the_o elder_a son_n alone_o but_o to_o the_o whole_a number_n of_o their_o male_a child_n &_o i_o find_v in_o the_o 75._o chap._n of_o canutus_n law_n a_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n before_o the_o conquest_n that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o father_n his_o heir_n shall_v divide_v both_o his_o good_n and_o his_o land_n amongst_o they_o now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o all_o the_o next_o of_o the_o kindred_n do_v this_o inherit_v together_o i_o conjecture_v that_o therefore_o the_o land_n be_v call_v either_o gavelkyn_n in_o meaning_n giveall_n kin_n because_o it_o be_v give_v to_o all_o the_o next_o in_o one_o line_n of_o kindred_n or_o give_v all_o kind_n that_o be_v to_o all_o the_o male_a child_n for_o kind_n in_o dutch_a signify_v yet_o a_o male_a child_n beside_o this_o the_o welshman_n also_o who_o but_o now_o late_o lose_v this_o custom_n do_v in_o their_o language_n call_v this_o descent_n gwele_v and_o in_o their_o latin_a record_n lectus_fw-la progeny_n &_o gavella_fw-la of_o their_o own_o word_n gefeil_v which_o signify_v twin_n or_o such_o as_o be_v bear_v together_o because_o they_o do_v all_o inherit_v together_o and_o make_v as_o it_o be_v but_o one_o heir_n and_o not_o many_o and_o here_o by_o the_o way_n i_o can_v omit_v to_o show_v that_o they_o of_o this_o our_o kentish_a country_n term_n do_v yet_o call_v their_o partition_n of_o land_n shift_v even_o by_o the_o very_a same_o word_n that_o the_o law_n of_o canutus_n many_o year_n since_o term_v it_o namely_o scyftan_n in_o latin_a herciscere_fw-la that_o be_v to_o shift_v depart_v or_o divide_v land_n my_o other_o conjecture_n be_v raise_v upon_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o rent_n and_o service_n go_v out_o of_o these_o land_n for_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o as_o knight_n service_n land_n require_v the_o presence_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o warfare_n and_o battle_n abroad_o so_o this_o land_n be_v of_o socage_n tenure_n command_v his_o attendance_n at_o the_o plough_n and_o other_o the_o lord_n affair_n of_o husbandry_n at_o home_n the_o one_o by_o manhood_n defend_v his_o lord_n life_n and_o person_n the_o other_o by_o industry_n maintain_v with_o rent_n corn_n and_o victual_v his_o estate_n and_o family_n this_o rent_n and_o customary_a payment_n of_o work_n the_o saxon_n call_v gafol_n and_o thereof_o as_o i_o think_v they_o name_v the_o land_n that_o yield_v it_o gafolette_n or_o gafolcynd_n that_o be_v to_o say_v land_n let_v for_o rent_n or_o of_o the_o kind_n to_o yield_v rent_n in_o this_o sense_n i_o be_o sure_a that_o the_o rent_n custom_n and_o service_n which_o the_o tenante_n of_o london_n pay_v to_o their_o land_n lord_n be_v wont_a and_o yet_o be_v to_o be_v recover_v by_o a_o writ_n thereof_o call_v gavellet_n as_o by_o a_o ancient_a statute_n make_v in_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o entitle_v statutum_n de_fw-it gaveleto_fw-it in_o london_n and_o by_o daily_a experience_n there_o it_o may_v well_o appear_v thus_o much_o then_o as_o concern_v the_o etymon_n of_o this_o word_n gavelkind_n be_v say_v let_v we_o proceed_v further_o custom_n it_o have_v already_o appear_v how_o the_o kentishman_n immediate_o after_o the_o conquest_n obtain_v the_o continuation_n of_o their_o custom_n and_o it_o be_v very_o manifest_a by_o ancient_a writer_n that_o the_o same_o for_o the_o more_o part_n have_v be_v in_o ure_n and_o exercise_n ever_o since_o for_o omit_v that_o which_o thomas_n spot_n have_v write_v concern_v the_o same_o matter_n for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v already_o recite_v at_o large_a glanuile_n a_o learned_a man_n that_o flourish_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o in_o his_o
retent_a do_v retain_v no_o service_n dever_v say_v sawet_n nequedent_n as_o autres_fw-fr seigneurage_n fee_v ferme_n to_o himself_o but_o save_v nevertheless_o to_o the_o other_o lord_n their_o fee_n e_fw-la les_fw-fr rent_n dont_fw-fr les_fw-fr avaunt_o diz_fw-fr tenemenz_fw-fr de_fw-fr gavylekende_v ferme_n and_o the_o rent_n wherewith_o the_o aforesaid_a tenement_n of_o ensi_fw-la rendus_fw-la avaunt_o furent_fw-fr charge_n per_fw-la ceux_fw-fr ou_fw-fr gavelkind_n so_o render_v be_v before_o charge_v by_o he_o or_o they_o per_fw-la celuy_fw-fr gâ—uelate_fw-la que_fw-fr le_fw-fr charger_n poent_n ou_fw-fr poeyt_n which_o may_v charge_v they_o eclament_n auxi_fw-la que_fw-la si_fw-la and_o they_o claim_v also_o that_o if_o any_o nul_fw-fr tenant_n en_fw-fr gavylekende_v retain_v sa_fw-fr rent_n e_o son_n service_n del_fw-it tenant_n in_o gavelkind_n retain_v withhold_v his_o rent_n and_o his_o service_n of_o the_o tenement_n tenement_n quill_n tient_fw-fr de_fw-fr son_fw-fr seign_n querge_fw-la le_fw-fr seign_a per_fw-la which_o he_o hold_v of_o his_o lord_n let_v the_o lord_n seek_v by_o the_o agard_n de_fw-fr sa_fw-fr court_n de_fw-fr trey_n semeynes_o en_fw-fr trey_n semeyne_v trwe_v award_n of_o his_o court_n from_o .3_o week_n to_o .3_o week_n to_o find_v some_o distress_n distress_n sur_fw-fr cel_z tenement_n tant_fw-fr que_fw-fr a_fw-fr la_fw-fr quart_n court_n a_o totefet_fw-fr upon_o that_o tenement_n until_o the_o four_o court_n always_o with_o per_fw-la tesmoynage_n et_fw-la si_fw-la dedens_fw-la cel_z temps_fw-fr ne_fw-fr truss_n distress_n on_o ce_fw-fr witness_n and_o if_o within_o that_o time_n he_o can_v find_v no_o distress_n in_o they_o tenement_n per_fw-la queux_fw-fr il_fw-fr pvisse_fw-fr son_fw-fr tenant_n iustiser_n tenement_n whereby_o he_o may_v have_v justice_n of_o his_o tenant_n donc_fw-fr a_fw-fr la_fw-fr then_o at_o the_o quart_n court_v seit_v four_o court_n let_v it_o be_v agard_n award_v quill_n pregne_n cel_z tenement_n en_fw-fr that_o he_o shall_v take_v that_o tenement_n into_o sa_fw-fr mein_fw-ge en_fw-fr noum_fw-la de_fw-fr destress_n his_o hand_n in_o the_o name_n of_o a_o distress_n ausi_fw-la come_v boef_n ou_fw-fr vache_n as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o ox_n or_o a_o cow_n e_fw-it le_fw-fr tiene_fw-it un_fw-it a_fw-mi and_o let_v he_o keep_v it_o a_o year_n e_fw-it un_fw-fr iour_fw-fr en_fw-fr sa_fw-fr mein_fw-ge sance_fw-fr meyn_fw-mi and_o a_o day_n in_o his_o hand_n without_o manure_v overir_fw-fr den_n quell_v term_v it_o within_o which_o term_n si_fw-fr le_fw-fr tenant_n vent_v e_o rend_v say_v if_o the_o tenant_n come_v and_o pay_v his_o arrearage_n arrearage_n e_o feit_z renable_v amends_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr detenue_fw-fr and_o make_v reasonable_a amends_n for_o the_o withhold_n a_o donc_fw-fr eit_z e_o ioise_n son_n tenement_n sicom_fw-mi ses_fw-fr ancestor_n e_o than_o let_v he_o have_v and_o enjoy_v his_o tenement_n as_o his_o ancestor_n and_o lie_v avaunt_o le_fw-fr tyndront_fw-fr et_fw-fr sil_fw-fr ne_fw-fr vent_n devant_fw-fr lan_o he_o before_o hold_v it_o and_o if_o he_o do_v not_o come_v before_o the_o year_n e_fw-it le_fw-fr tour_fw-fr and_o the_o day_n pass_v donc_fw-fr auge_fw-mi le_fw-fr seign_n all_o prochein_a count_n suiant_fw-la ove_z resmoynage_n paste_n then_o let_v the_o lord_n go_v to_o the_o next_o county_n court_n with_o the_o witness_n de_fw-fr sa_fw-fr court_n e_o face_n la_fw-fr pronuncier_fw-la cel_z process_n pur_fw-mi of_o his_o own_o court_n &_o pronounce_v there_o this_o process_n to_o have_v tesmoynage_n aver_v further_a witness_n et_fw-la per_fw-la agard_fw-fr de_fw-fr sa_fw-fr court_n apres_fw-fr ceo_fw-la count_n and_o by_o the_o award_n of_o his_o court_n after_o that_o county_n tenue_z entra_fw-la e_fw-la meynovera_fw-mi en_fw-fr celes_z terres_fw-la e_o tenemenz_fw-fr court_n hold_v he_o shall_v enter_v &_o manure_v in_o those_o land_n &_o tenement_n sicome_a en_fw-fr son_fw-fr demeyne_z et_fw-fr si_fw-fr le_fw-fr tenant_n vent_v apres_fw-fr e_o voillâ—_n as_o in_o his_o demean_n own_o and_o if_o the_o tenant_n come_v afterward_o and_o will_v ces_fw-fr tenemenz_fw-fr reaver_n e_o tener_fw-la sicome_a ill_a fist_n devant_o face_n rehave_v his_o tenement_n &_o hold_v they_o as_o he_o do_v before_o let_v he_o make_v agree_v all_o seigneur_n sicome_a il_fw-fr est_fw-fr auncyenement_n do_v agreement_n with_o the_o lord_n according_a as_o it_o be_v ancient_o say_v neghe_o syþe_v seld_o and_o neg_fw-mi he_o syþ_n geld_v and_o fif_a pond_n for_o þe_v Æ¿ere_o o_z he_o become_v healder_n aussi_fw-fr il_fw-fr cleyment_n que_fw-fr nul_fw-fr home_fw-fr deit_fw-mi serment_n sur_fw-fr liure_fw-fr fere_n also_o they_o claim_v fealty_n that_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o make_v a_o oath_n upon_o a_o book_n per_fw-la destress_n ne_fw-la per_fw-la pour_z de_fw-fr seigneur_fw-fr neither_o by_o distress_n nor_o by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o lord_n ne_fw-fr de_fw-fr baylif_n nor_o his_o bailyfe_n encounter_n sa_o volunte_z saunz_fw-fr bref_o le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr sinon_fw-la pour_fw-fr feaute_fw-fr against_o his_o will_n without_o the_o writ_n of_o the_o king_n unless_o it_o be_v for_o fealty_n fear_v a_o son_n seigneur_fw-fr meske_n per_fw-la devant_o coronner_n ou_fw-fr altar_n to_o be_v do_v to_o his_o lord_n but_o only_a before_o the_o coroner_n or_o such_o other_o minister_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr qui_fw-fr real_a pour_z eyont_fw-mi de_fw-fr enquerer_n de_fw-fr minister_n of_o the_o king_n as_o have_v royal_a power_n to_o inquire_v of_o trespass_n fetch_v encounter_n la_fw-fr coronne_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr seigneur_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy._n essoignes_n trespass_n commit_v against_o the_o crown_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n ecleyment_n and_o auxi_fw-la que_fw-fr checun_fw-fr kenteys_n put_v autre_fw-fr assonier_n en_fw-fr they_o claim_v also_o that_o every_o kentish_a man_n may_v essoine_v a_o other_o la_o court_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr en_fw-fr count_n en_fw-fr hundred_o e_o en_fw-fr la_fw-fr either_o in_o the_o king_n court_n or_o in_o the_o county_n or_o in_o the_o hundred_o or_o in_o the_o court_n son_n seigneur_n la_fw-fr ou_fw-fr assoigne_n gist_n aussi_fw-fr bien_fw-fr de_fw-fr common_a court_n of_o his_o lord_n where_o essoine_n lie_v &_o the_o aswell_o in_o case_n of_o common_a suit_n come_v the_o play_n estre_fw-fr ceo_fw-la il_fw-fr cleyment_n per_fw-la especial_a fetch_v le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr suit_n as_o of_o plea._n moreover_o they_o claim_v by_o a_o especial_a deed_n of_o king_n henry_n pere_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr edward_n que_fw-la ore_fw-la est_fw-la que_fw-fr dieu_fw-fr garde_n land_n que_fw-fr henry_n the_o 3_o father_n of_o king_n e._n which_o now_o be_v who_o god_n save_v that_o of_o the_o tenementz_n que_fw-fr sont_fw-fr tenus_fw-la en_fw-fr gavylekende_v ne_fw-la scit_fw-la prise_fw-fr battaille_fw-fr the_o tenement_n which_o be_v hold_v in_o gavelkind_n there_o shall_v no_o battle_n ne_o grand_a assize_n per_fw-la xij_o chivaller_n sicome_a aillour_n be_v join_v nor_o grand_a assize_n take_v by_o xii_o knight_n as_o it_o be_v use_v in_o est_fw-fr prise_fw-fr en_fw-fr le_fw-fr reaume_fw-fr ceo_fw-la est_fw-la a_o savoir_fw-fr la_fw-fr ou_fw-fr tenant_n e_o le_fw-fr demaundant_a other_o place_n of_o the_o realm_n this_o be_v to_o weet_v where_o the_o tenant_n &_o demaundant_a tenant_n per_fw-la gavylekende_v mes_fw-fr en_fw-fr lu_o de_fw-fr ces_fw-fr grandes_fw-fr assize_n hold_v by_o gavelkind_n but_o in_o place_n of_o these_o ground_n assize_n seient_a prize_n juree_n per_fw-la twelve_o home_n tenantz_n en_fw-fr gavylekend_n issi_n let_v jury_n be_v take_v by_o xii_o man_n be_v tenant_n in_o gavelkind_n so_o the_o que_fw-fr quatre_fw-fr tenantz_n de_fw-fr gavylekend_n elisent_fw-fr twelve_o tenantz_n de_fw-fr gavyle_n four_o tenant_n of_o gavelkind_n choose_v xii_o tenant_n of_o gavelkind_n to_o kende_z juror_n e_o la_fw-fr chartre_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr de_fw-fr ceste_fw-fr especiaute_fw-fr est_fw-fr en_fw-fr la_fw-fr be_v juror_n and_o the_o chartre_z of_o the_o king_n of_o this_o especialty_n be_v in_o the_o garde_fw-fr sire_n johan_n de_fw-fr norwode_n le_fw-fr tour_fw-fr s._n elphegh_n en_fw-fr canterbyre_n custody_n of_o sir_n john_n of_o norwood_n the_o day_n of_o s._n alphey_n in_o canterbury_n le_fw-fr a_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr edward_n le_fw-fr fiz_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr henry_n xxi_o the_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o son_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o xxi_o caesario_n sont_fw-fr les_fw-fr usage_n de_fw-fr gavilekend_n e_fw-it de_fw-fr gavylekendey_n en_fw-fr kent_n these_o be_v the_o usage_n of_o gavelkind_n &_o of_o gavelkind_n man_n in_o kent_n que_fw-fr furent_fw-fr devant_n le_fw-fr conquest_n e_fw-it en_fw-fr le_fw-fr conquest_n e_fw-la totes_fw-la hour_n which_o be_v before_o the_o conquest_n and_o at_o the_o conquest_n and_o ever_o teske_n en_fw-fr ca_fw-mi since_o till_o now_o the_o name_n of_o such_o person_n as_o procure_v their_o possession_n to_o be_v alter_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o gavelkind_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v .31_o h._n 8._o cap._n 3._o thomas_n lord_n cromwell_n thomas_n lord_n burghe_n george_n lord_n cobham_n andrew_n lord_n windsor_n sir_n thomas_n cheyne_n sir_n christopher_n hales_n s._n thomas_n willoughby_n s._n anthony_n seintleger_n s._n edward_n wootton_n s._n edward_n bowton_n s._n roger_n cholmley_n
at_o the_o sea._n the_o college_n the_o value_n of_o the_o religious_a house_n in_o this_o shire_n the_o city_n when_o it_o begin_v the_o old_a school_n at_o canterbury_n the_o decay_n of_o canterbury_n and_o other_o place_n continual_a contention_n between_o the_o two_o great_a house_n in_o canterbury_n christeschurche_n in_o canterbury_n thomas_n becket_n the_o archbishop_n &_o his_o history_n saint_n augustine_n the_o dead_a in_o old_a time_n be_v bury_v out_o of_o the_o city_n popish_a brawl_n s._n maries_n in_o canterbury_n the_o saint_n and_o relic_n at_o canterbury_n s._n august_n thomas_n becket_n have_v two_o head_n s._n gregory_n in_o canterbury_n s._n laurenceâ—_n hospital_n s_o james_n hospital_n s._n sepulcher_n white_a friar_n s._n mildredâ—_n the_o bishop_n palace_n s._n martin_n be_v a_o bishop_n see._n s._n sepulcher_n by_o canterbury_n the_o monk_n contend_v with_o the_o archbishop_n and_o do_v prevail_v the_o vanity_n of_o man_n and_o the_o subtlety_n of_o the_o devil_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o idolatry_n saint_n thomas_n becket_n relic_n the_o old_a manner_n of_o name_a man_n maude_n the_o empress_n true_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n bartholomew_n badelesmere_n thomas_n colpeper_n the_o priory_n at_o leeds_n by_o what_o mean_v the_o archebishops_n chair_n come_v to_o 〈…〉_o the_o deanery_n of_o shoreham_n a_o popish_a miracle_n monk_n contend_v for_o the_o election_n of_o the_o bishop_n sanint_a cuthberte_n feast_v why_o hold_v double_a bishops_z see_z be_v translate_v from_o village_n to_o city_n the_o catalogue_n of_o rochester_n bishop_n the_o harborowe_n of_o the_o navy_n royal_a the_o benefit_n that_o god_n have_v give_v this_o realm_n in_o the_o reign_n oâ—_n queen_n elizabeth_n a_o barbarous_a cruelty_n execute_v upon_o stranger_n excessive_a drink_v and_o how_o it_o come_v into_o england_n great_a troop_n of_o serve_a man_n come_v in_o with_o the_o norman_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o conquest_n of_o enlande_n harold_n the_o king._n the_o uncourtesy_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n towards_o stranger_n busyris_n be_v a_o tyrant_n that_o sacrifice_v stranger_n and_o be_v therefore_o slay_v by_o hercules_n our_o lady_n &_o the_o road_n of_o chethan_n &_o gillingham_n horsted_n bear_v in_o ailesford_n hengist_n &_o horsa_n two_o famous_a captain_n a_o religious_a skirmish_n between_o the_o monk_n of_o rochester_n and_o the_o brethren_n of_o stroude_a friendsbury_n club_n eslingham_n appropriation_n of_o benefice_n the_o city_n the_o castle_n s._n andrews_n church_n in_o rochester_n priest_n have_v wife_n in_o england_n of_o old_a time_n saint_n william_n of_o rochester_n saint_n bartholomew_n hospital_n rochester_n bridge_n both_o the_o old_a &_o the_o new_a sir_n robert_n knolles_n a_o valiant_a captain_n the_o hospital_n the_o beginning_n of_o this_o scoff_v by_o word_n kentish_a tail_n angle_n queen_n many_o king_n at_o once_o in_o kent_n the_o old_a manner_n of_o sign_v &_o seal_v of_o deed_n fernham_n the_o dane_n compel_v to_o take_v the_o thamise_n the_o dane_n be_v chase_v from_o otforde_n earl_n edrie_n a_o infamus_fw-la traitor_n a_o noble_a example_n of_o king_n edmunde_n ironside_n the_o name_n of_o town_n end_v in_o ing_o the_o abbay_n the_o solace_n of_o solâ—_n life_n the_o castle_n the_o clergy_n be_v law_n less_o the_o priory_n at_o tun-bridge_n the_o low_z the_o of_o tunbridge_n 42._o h._n 3._o the_o archebishop_n have_v a_o earl_n to_o his_o butler_n the_o rooâ—â—_n of_o asherst_n be_v a_o grow_a idol_n the_o master_n of_o the_o navy_n royal._n alphey_n the_o archbishop_n be_v cruel_o slay_v a_o popish_a mind_n 32._o shire_n in_o england_n great_a summâ—_n of_o money_n pay_v to_o the_o dane_n the_o priory_n of_o shene_n the_o friary_n the_o palace_n the_o rebellion_n of_o jack_n straw_n the_o rebellion_n of_o jack_n cade_n the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o black_a smith_n lord_n richard_n lucy_n the_o ancient_a manner_n of_o the_o trial_n of_o right_a to_o land_n wager_n of_o law_n 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what_o he_o be_v page_n 22_o bridge_n of_o stone_n page_n