etc._n etc._n the_o same_o law_n if_o a_o abbot_n make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n and_o afterward_o be_v depose_v and_o sometime_o after_o be_v make_v abbot_n now_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o action_n against_o his_o deed_n which_o he_o himself_o make_v when_o he_o be_v abbot_n because_o that_o now_o he_o come_v in_o as_o successor_n and_o not_o in_o the_o place_n as_o he_o be_v before_o the_o same_o law_n of_o warden_n and_o scholar_n but_o it_o will_v have_v be_v otherwise_o if_o he_o have_v disseise_v a_o parson_n and_o make_v feoffment_n in_o fee_n with_o warranty_n or_o without_o warranty_n and_o afterward_o be_v make_v parson_n now_o if_o he_o will_v use_v a_o action_n his_o own_o feoffment_n shall_v be_v a_o bar_n against_o he_o because_o that_o all_o that_o he_o shall_v recover_v by_o this_o action_n be_v to_o his_o own_o use_n the_o same_o law_n if_o a_o man_n disseise_v a_o woman_n and_o make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n and_o afterward_o he_o take_v the_o woman_n to_o wife_n in_o this_o case_n the_o husband_n shall_v be_v bar_v because_o that_o he_o will_v have_v advantage_n of_o this_o recovery_n to_o his_o own_o use_n if_o a_o man_n have_v right_a to_o have_v land_n where_o his_o entry_n be_v tolle_fw-la and_o release_v to_o the_o tenant_n all_o manner_n of_o action_n and_o die_v his_o heir_n shall_v have_v his_o action_n and_o recover_v the_o land_n because_o that_o by_o such_o release_n no_o right_n be_v extinguish_v and_o if_o the_o tenant_n make_v feoffment_n in_o fee_n or_o die_v seize_v he_o that_o make_v the_o release_n shall_v have_v his_o action_n against_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o tenant_n or_o his_o feoffee_n against_o his_o own_o release_n and_o the_o cause_n be_v because_o that_o nothing_o be_v release_v but_o his_o action_n against_o the_o same_o person_n and_o not_o any_o right_n if_o the_o son_n disseise_v his_o father_n and_o make_v a_o feoffment_n with_o warranty_n or_o without_o warranty_n and_o after_o his_o father_n die_v he_o can_v ouste_a his_o feoffee_n because_o that_o it_o be_v his_o own_o deed._n a_o man_n have_v good_a cause_n of_o action_n sometime_o and_o yet_o by_o matter_n ex_fw-la post_fw-la facto_fw-la and_o by_o the_o act_n of_o a_o stranger_n his_o action_n be_v destroy_v as_o i_o be_o disseisee_fw-mi and_o he_o be_v disseisor_n and_o i_o release_v to_o the_o disseisor_n also_o i_o bail_n or_o lend_v good_n to_o one_o a_o stranger_n take_v they_o the_o bailor_n sell_v they_o to_o a_o stranger_n etc._n etc._n action_n of_o debt_n upon_o a_o obligation_n bring_v by_o a_o executor_n the_o writ_n shall_v be_v detinet_fw-la and_o not_o debet_fw-la and_o for_o this_o cause_n they_o join_v in_o the_o same_o action_n for_o a_o horse_n deliver_v by_o themselves_o to_o the_o same_o obligor_fw-la the_o same_o law_n if_o a_o man_n recover_v land_n by_o default_n in_o which_o i_o have_v a_o estate_n for_o life_n and_o he_o recover_v by_o another_o writ_n by_o default_n land_n wherein_o i_o have_v a_o estate_n tail_n i_o shall_v have_v a_o quod_fw-la ei_fw-la deforceat_fw-la because_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o writ_n serve_v i_o and_o so_o a_o man_n may_v join_v two_o or_o three_o thing_n in_o his_o action_n where_o the_o conclusion_n of_o his_o action_n be_v pertinent_a to_o the_o several_a matter_n and_o do_v not_o vary_v if_o two_o or_o three_o acre_n be_v give_v several_o in_o tail_n and_o the_o party_n discontinue_v the_o whole_a his_o heir_n shall_v have_v formedon_n for_o the_o whole_a because_o that_o the_o writ_n be_v le_fw-fr quel_fw-fr un_fw-fr 1._o dit_fw-fr s._n dona_fw-la and_o although_o the_o acre_n be_v give_v several_o that_o be_v not_o material_a forasmuch_o as_o the_o common_a writ_n will_v serve_v in_o this_o case_n but_o if_o the_o acre_n be_v give_v by_o divers_a or_o several_a man_n or_o that_o the_o one_o shall_v be_v give_v to_o the_o heir_n male_n and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o heir_n female_n and_o the_o three_o to_o the_o heir_n general_n in_o this_o case_n the_o heir_n shall_v have_v several_a writ_n and_o not_o one_o write_v because_o that_o one_o writ_n can_v serve_v for_o such_o several_a gift_n if_o i_o deliver_v good_n to_o one_o who_o be_v indebt_v to_o i_o and_o he_o die_v against_o his_o executor_n i_o may_v have_v a_o write_v for_o the_o good_n and_o for_o the_o debt_n because_o that_o the_o writ_n be_v against_o the_o executor_n for_o the_o debt_n in_o the_o detinet_fw-la and_o for_o the_o detinue_n it_o be_v in_o the_o detinet_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o writ_n well_o warrant_v the_o count_n to_o declare_v partly_o for_o debt_n and_o partly_o for_o detinue_n but_o such_o a_o action_n he_o can_v not_o have_v have_v against_o the_o testator_n because_o that_o for_o the_o debt_n against_o he_o the_o writ_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v in_o the_o debet_fw-la and_o detinet_fw-la a_o feoffment_n be_v make_v upon_o condition_n of_o payment_n by_o the_o feoffor_a he_o commit_v trespass_n and_o afterward_o enter_v by_o force_n of_o payment_n etc._n etc._n yet_o the_o feoffee_n shall_v have_v trespass_n because_o his_o possession_n be_v affirm_v 43_o e._n 3._o assumpsit_fw-la if_o he_o will_v relinquish_v such_o a_o debt_n to_o pay_v he_o 30_o l._n and_o say_v he_o do_v relinquish_v it_o etc._n etc._n and_o after_o verdict_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n judgement_n stay_v because_o he_o show_v not_o how_o he_o relinquish_v it_o and_o it_o may_v be_v by_o parol_n which_o be_v void_a gregory_n versus_fw-la lovel_n 3_o cro._n 292._o assumpsit_fw-la in_o consideration_n he_o will_v discharge_v he_o from_o a_o arrest_n and_o say_v that_o exoneravit_fw-la ipsum_fw-la move_v in_o arrest_n etc._n etc._n he_o show_v not_o how_o he_o discharge_v he_o sed_fw-la non_fw-la allocatur_fw-la for_o they_o may_v be_v per_fw-la parol_n or_o for_o a_o time_n but_o in_o plead_v a_o discharge_n of_o a_o rent_n or_o bond_n which_o must_v be_v by_o deed_n and_o perpetual_a it_o must_v be_v show_v how_o king_n versus_fw-la hobs._n 2._o cro._n 930._o 960._o assumpsit_fw-la the_o defendant_n plead_v the_o discharge_n of_o the_o promise_n whereof_o issue_n take_v and_o find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o divers_a defect_n in_o the_o declaration_n move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n but_o by_o wrâ—y_a all_o these_o defect_n tend_v to_o the_o assumpsit_fw-la be_v cure_v by_o the_o collateral_a plea_n manwood_n v._n buston_n 2._o leond._n 203_o 204._o assumpsit_fw-la if_o he_o will_v make_v it_o appear_v etc._n etc._n and_o say_v he_o make_v it_o appear_v by_o the_o court-roll_n good_a without_o say_v what_o the_o court_n roll_n be_v for_o the_o infinite_o so_o a_o bond_n to_o save_v harmless_a from_o all_o estreate_v good_a without_o show_v what_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n vide_fw-la 9_o e._n 4._o 15._o a._n 22_o e._n 4._o 41._o a_o mo._n pl._n 1175._o 3_o cro._n 149_o pl_z 3._o 919._o pl._n 3._o 3_o bul_v 31._o latch_n 130._o h._n 2._o h._n 7._o pl_z 22._o h._n 6._o h._n 7._o pl._n 8._o 8._o 22_o e._n 4._o 15._o ab_fw-la 28._o b._n 29._o a._n assume_v he_o will_v assign_v good_n to_o pay_v etc._n etc._n and_o say_v he_o assign_v and_o show_v not_o how_o but_o per_fw-la scriptum_fw-la yet_o good_a note_v after_o verdict_n forth_o v._o yates_n tr._n 30_o car._n 2._o b_o r._n assumpsit_fw-la against_o a_o executor_n who_o plead_v solvit_fw-la to_o such_o a_o one_o on_o a_o bond_n of_o 100_o l._n and_o to_o another_o 100_o l._n on_o a_o bond_n and_o so_o to_o divers_a other_o which_o he_o be_v force_v to_o do_v the_o payment_n be_v post_fw-la exhibitionem_fw-la bille_n and_o plead_v a_o recognizance_n in_o force_n not_o satisfy_v the_o plaintiff_n plead_v non_fw-la solvit_fw-la to_o such_o a_o one_o 100_o l._n nor_o to_o such_o a_o one_o 100_o l._n et_fw-la si_fw-la de_fw-fr caeteris_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la petit_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o to_o the_o recognizance_n that_o it_o be_v satisfy_v and_o keep_v in_o force_n of_o fraud_n the_o defendant_n demur_v quià _fw-la replicatio_fw-la multiply_v and_o double_a consist_v of_o two_o matter_n where_o one_o go_v to_o the_o whole_a but_o judgement_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o the_o first_o objection_n to_o one_o 100_o l._n to_o another_o 100_o l._n make_v several_a issue_n though_o que_fw-fr de_fw-fr hoc_fw-la and_o in_o case_n of_o a_o executor_n one_o may_v answer_v to_o every_o thing_n allege_v by_o he_o h._n 21_o 22._o car._n 2._o b._n r._n jeffreys_n v._o dod._n assumpsit_fw-la to_o permit_v land_n to_o descend_v breach_n lay_v quod_fw-la non_fw-la permisit_fw-la well_o be_v in_o the_o negative_a but_o in_o the_o affirmative_a it_o ought_v to_o be_v show_v how_o dispose_v though_o they_o can_v not_o descend_v h._n 9_o jac._n b._n r._n rot_v 3_o bulstr_n 18._o assumpsit_fw-la to_o perform_v a_o award_n and_o set_v it_o forth_o the_o defendant_n plead_v
plead_v it_o at_o first_o also_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n plead_v a_o feoffment_n upon_o condition_n to_o j._n s._n and_o that_o the_o condition_n be_v break_v and_o that_o thereupon_o he_o enter_v the_o defendant_n may_v say_v that_o he_o release_v to_o j._n s._n after_o the_o condition_n break_v and_o then_o he_o enfeoff_v he_o a_o man_n plead_v a_o feoffment_n in_o bar_n in_o assize_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n say_v that_o he_o let_v to_o he_o for_o life_n and_o afterward_o he_o make_v a_o feoffment_n by_o which_o he_o enter_v the_o tenant_n may_v well_o say_v that_o after_o the_o lease_n and_o before_o the_o feoffment_n the_o plaintiff_n release_v to_o he_o this_o be_v no_o departure_n because_o that_o it_o be_v pursuant_n and_o yet_o it_o may_v have_v be_v say_v at_o first_o 1_o e._n 4._o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la against_o a_o bishop_n he_o plead_v that_o he_o claim_v nothing_o but_o as_o ordinary_a and_o demand_v judgement_n etc._n etc._n the_o plaintiff_n reply_v that_o such_o a_o day_n he_o present_v to_o he_o such_o a_o person_n who_o he_o refuse_v to_o which_o the_o bishop_n rejoin_v that_o the_o church_n be_v void_a and_o show_v how_o and_o that_o thereupon_o he_o collate_v by_o lap_n judgement_n etc._n etc._n this_o be_v no_o departure_n 35_o h._n 6._o in_o assize_n the_o defendant_n plead_v a_o lease_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o year_n which_o be_v yet_o in_o be_v the_o plaintiff_n show_v the_o alienation_n of_o the_o tenant_n the_o tenant_n say_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n release_v to_o he_o after_o the_o lease_n this_o be_v a_o departure_n by_o marten_n 3_o h._n 6._o praecipe_n quod_fw-la reddat_fw-la the_o tenant_n plead_v that_o j._n s._n be_v seize_v of_o the_o same_o land_n and_o that_o they_o be_v devise_v to_o he_o in_o fee_n by_o force_n whereof_o he_o enter_v and_o give_v colour_n etc._n etc._n the_o plaintiff_n say_v that_o j._n s._n be_v seize_v and_o that_o he_o die_v seize_v and_o that_o the_o land_n descend_v to_o he_o as_o son_n and_o heir_n and_o that_o he_o enter_v cum_fw-la hoc_fw-la that_o he_o will_v aver_v that_o the_o say_v j._n s._n be_v within_o the_o age_n of_o 21_o year_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o devise_n the_o tenant_n rejoin_v that_o the_o custom_n be_v that_o every_o infant_n of_o the_o age_n of_o 15_o year_n may_v devise_n and_o that_o he_o be_v of_o the_o age_n of_o 15_o year_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o devise_n the_o court_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v a_o departure_n 37_o h._n 6._o in_o assize_n the_o tenant_n plead_v the_o die_v seize_v by_o protestation_n of_o his_o father_n the_o plaintiff_n say_v that_o j._n s._n be_v seize_v and_o enfeoff_v he_o and_o so_o seize_v etc._n etc._n to_o which_o the_o tenant_n reply_v that_o his_o father_n by_o protestation_n die_v seize_v and_o that_o j._n s._n do_v abate_v and_o enfeoff_v the_o plaintiff_n and_o that_o the_o tenant_n as_o heir_n to_o his_o father_n entered_z and_o be_v seize_v by_o fortescue_n this_o be_v no_o departure_n because_o the_o tenant_n have_v maintain_v his_o bar_n and_o have_v only_o add_v new_a matter_n to_o maintain_v it_o 37_o h._n 6._o if_o a_o man_n plead_v a_o gift_n in_o tail_n in_o barr_n and_o the_o demandant_n reply_n ne_fw-la dona_fw-la pass_v if_o he_o show_v a_o recovery_n in_o value_n it_o be_v no_o departure_n in_o assize_n the_o tenant_n plead_v horse_n the_o son_n fee_fw-mi the_o plaintiff_n show_v that_o the_o tenant_n hold_v of_o he_o issint_fw-la de_fw-fr son_fw-fr fee_n and_o the_o defendant_n show_v a_o release_n of_o all_o right_n this_o be_v a_o departure_n because_o this_o plea_n be_v a_o bar_n 5_o h._n 7._o in_o formedon_n the_o tenant_n plead_v ne_fw-la dona_fw-la pass_v the_o demandant_n show_v a_o recovery_n in_o value_n issint_fw-la dona_fw-la the_o tenant_n shall_v not_o plead_v a_o new_a bar_n because_o that_o that_o will_v be_v a_o departure_n quod_fw-la nota_fw-la 21_o h._n 6._o reg._n 12._o in_o all_o plead_n where_o you_o claim_v as_o legatee_n you_o must_v surmise_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o executor_n as_o cvi_fw-la quidem_fw-la dimissioni_fw-la idem_fw-la j._n s._n consentivit_fw-la after_o verdict_n the_o plaintiff_n die_v viz._n before_o the_o day_n in_o bank_n in_o error_n bring_v this_o be_v assign_v for_o error_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n per_fw-la attornatum_fw-la suum_fw-la plead_v that_o he_o be_v alive_a it_o be_v try_v and_o find_v that_o he_o be_v dead_a argue_v by_o mr._n allen_n that_o there_o be_v no_o trial_n proper_a for_o the_o cause_n for_o that_o the_o issue_n be_v join_v by_o a_o stranger_n and_o that_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la against_o the_o executor_n or_o administrator_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o that_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v discontinue_v but_o per_fw-la totam_fw-la curiam_fw-la the_o trial_n be_v good_a and_o the_o judgement_n reverse_v for_o that_o error_n in_o fait_fw-fr mich_n 14_o car._n 2._o in_o b._n r._n dove_n vers_n '_o dinkey_n quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la in_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la to_o present_v by_o turn_v to_o a_o advowson_n in_o gross_a three_o judge_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o commencement_n how_o it_o come_v presentable_a by_o turn_n must_v be_v show_v but_o two_o judge_n be_v of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n leek_n against_o coventry_n 3_o cro._n 111._o a_o viccarage_n and_o none_o present_v to_o it_o for_o one_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o year_n resolve_v that_o all_o viccarage_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o parsonage_n and_o be_v not_o remit_v to_o they_o by_o non-usage_n without_o some_o act._n robinson_n against_o beadle_n 3_o cro._n 873._o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la by_o the_o king_n against_o a._n he_o plead_v that_o the_o king_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n to_o j._n s._n and_o during_o the_o term_n j._n s._n present_v he_o etc._n etc._n and_o it_o be_v move_v that_o he_o be_v incumbent_n can_v not_o traverse_v the_o king_n title_n without_o make_v one_o for_o himself_o but_o show_v that_o he_o come_v in_o by_o usurpation_n during_o the_o lease_n but_o in_o the_o writ_n it_o be_v except_v that_o the_o patron_n and_o ordinary_n be_v not_o name_v but_o only_o the_o incumbent_n which_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o all_o case_n but_o that_o of_o collation_n but_o because_o the_o defendant_n show_v that_o he_o come_v in_o during_o the_o term_n in_o which_o term_n the_o king_n can_v have_v no_o right_n it_o be_v adjudge_v for_o the_o defendant_n regina_fw-la versus_fw-la middleton_n vide_fw-la co._n 7._o rep_n 26_o 27._o 25_o h._n 6._o 62._o a._n 3_o h._n 4._o 2_o 3_o 11._o write_v against_o the_o incumbent_n only_o adjudge_v ill_a and_o abate_v by_o 46_o e._n 3._o vide_fw-la 7_o e._n 3_o 11._o 7_o h._n 4_o 26._o write_v against_o the_o incumbent_n only_a good_a 1_o leon._n 44_o 45_o 46._o vide_fw-la 47._o e._n 3._o 10_o 11._o quare_fw-la impedtt_n and_o count_n of_o a_o advowson_n appendant_a that_o it_o be_v become_v void_a and_o he_o present_v j._n s._n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o it_o be_v in_o gross_a and_o let_v to_o he_o and_o that_o he_o present_v j._n s._n absque_fw-la hoc_fw-la that_o it_o be_v appendant_a the_o traverse_n be_v good_a but_o where_o the_o count_n be_v of_o a_o advowson_n in_o gross_a etc._n etc._n and_o the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o it_o be_v appendant_a there_o the_o presentment_n be_v traversable_a not_o that_o it_o appendant_a for_o the_o presentment_n make_v it_o in_o gross_a signior_n buckhurst_n against_o epm._n winton_n 1_o leon._n 154._o in_o a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la by_o tenant_n for_o life_n exception_n be_v take_v because_o he_o count_v of_o a_o presentment_n only_o in_o himself_o and_o lay_v not_o any_o in_o his_o lessor_n but_o adjudge_v good_a for_o the_o lessor_n may_v lay_v a_o presentment_n on_o his_o lessee_n therefore_o it_o be_v good_a for_o the_o lessee_n palm_n versus_fw-la epm._n peterborough_n 1_o leon._n 230._o co._n 5._o rep_n 57_o b._n 3_o cro._n 518._o vid._n m._n 7_o e._n 4._o pl._n 22._o con_v 8_o h._n 5._o 4_o accord_n quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la against_o the_o bishop_n and_o j._n s._n and_o judgement_n they_o join_v in_o a_o writ_n of_o deceit_n and_o avoid_v the_o judgement_n for_o non_fw-fr summons_n and_o of_o that_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n bring_v and_o assign_v that_o they_o can_v not_o join_v and_o adjourn_v guilliams_n against_o blower_n sed_fw-la vide_fw-la 3_o cro._n 65._o they_o join_v in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n on_o a_o judgement_n in_o a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la 1_o leon._n 293._o one_o that_o have_v a_o benefice_n be_v present_v to_o another_o and_o then_o purchase_v a_o dispensation_n it_o come_v too_o late_o and_o so_o the_o first_o be_v void_a and_o if_o that_o be_v such_o as_o that_o it_o avoid_v the_o last_o quaere_fw-la vnderhill_n against_o savage_n 1_o
tenant_n the_o tenancy_n in_o fee_n 2._o avowry_n upon_o my_o very_a tenant_n by_o the_o manner_n as_o i_o make_v a_o gift_n in_o tail_n remainder_n over_o reserve_v rent_n also_o if_o tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n i_o avow_v upon_o he_o as_o before_o also_o where_o a_o man_n die_v seize_v of_o three_o entire_a manor_n and_o if_o his_o wife_n be_v endow_v of_o one_o manor_n entire_a 3._o avowry_n upon_o my_o tenant_n by_o the_o manner_n as_o lessee_n for_o life_n render_v rent_n also_o if_o a_o woman_n be_v endow_v of_o the_o three_o part_n of_o a_o manor_n the_o heir_n distrain_v she_o and_o avow_v 4._o avowry_n upon_o the_o land_n as_o a_o rent-charge_a be_v grant_v the_o grantee_n avow_v in_o the_o land_n charge_v with_o his_o distress_n 5._o avowry_n upon_o my_o matter_n as_o i_o be_o seize_v in_o fee_n and_o let_v for_o year_n for_o certain_a rent_n and_o so_o show_v the_o whole_a matter_n avowry_n for_o homage_n or_o for_o rent-service_n although_o that_o the_o avowry_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o person_n incertain_a yet_o in_o this_o case_n he_o that_o be_v a_o stranger_n can_v plead_v any_o thing_n but_o horse_n de_fw-fr son_fw-fr fee_fw-mi or_o that_o which_o be_v tantamount_n as_o a_o release_n etc._n etc._n which_o prove_v the_o land_n to_o be_v out_o of_o the_o fee_n of_o the_o lord_n a_o man_n can_v avow_v the_o take_n of_o beast_n for_o rend_a arrear_n if_o those_o beast_n be_v take_v by_o night_n but_o for_o damage_n fesant_fw-mi he_o may_v pasch_fw-mi 10_o e._n 3._o where_o the_o avowant_n shall_v justify_v and_o where_o he_o shall_v make_v avowry_n where_o the_o avowant_n be_v of_o right_a to_o have_v the_o thing_n for_o which_o he_o distrain_v he_o shall_v make_v avowry_n although_o that_o the_o estate_n of_o he_o upon_o who_o he_o avow_v be_v determine_v as_o if_o i_o let_v land_n for_o term_v d'auter_n vie_v and_o i_o distrain_v for_o the_o rent_n cestuy_fw-fr que_fw-fr vie_fw-fr dies_fw-la the_o other_o sue_v replevin_n i_o make_v avowry_n for_o homage_n he_o that_o ought_v to_o do_v homage_n die_v his_o executor_n sue_v replevin_n now_o i_o ought_v to_o justify_v because_o the_o thing_n for_o which_o the_o the_o distress_n be_v make_v by_o his_o death_n be_v go_v and_o extinct_a as_o two_o jointenant_n the_o one_o enfeoff_n a_o stranger_n of_o all_o that_o etc._n etc._n upon_o condition_n the_o feoffee_n give_v notice_n to_o the_o lord_n here_o he_o hold_v of_o the_o lord_n pro_fw-la particula_fw-la illa_fw-la and_o the_o lord_n shall_v have_v several_a rent_n of_o the_o tenant_n and_o yet_o if_o the_o lord_n grant_v the_o service_n of_o the_o feoffee_n to_o a_o stranger_n and_o he_o attorne_v and_o afterward_o the_o condition_n be_v break_v by_o which_o the_o feoffor_a who_o be_v jointenant_fw-fr enter_v again_o here_o the_o jointure_n be_v revive_v and_o they_o hold_v the_o grant_n of_o service_n of_o his_o part_n and_o the_o other_o jointenant_fw-fr hold_v of_o the_o lord_n as_o he_o hold_v before_o and_o yet_o they_o be_v jointenant_n avowry_n by_o the_o lord_n for_o homage_n and_o allege_v seisin_n by_o the_o husband_n of_o land_n which_o he_o have_v in_o right_o of_o his_o wife_n the_o plaintiff_n allege_v that_o the_o husband_n have_v nothing_o but_o in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n and_o although_o he_o allege_v seisin_n by_o the_o husband_n etc._n etc._n yet_o he_o show_v that_o the_o husband_n be_v seize_v in_o his_o demesne_fw-la as_o of_o fee_n without_o that_o that_o the_o wife_n have_v any_o thing_n etc._n etc._n 11_o h._n 4._o if_o a_o man_n make_v avowry_n upon_o one_o as_o son_n and_o heir_n of_o his_o mother_n where_o he_o be_v in_o as_o heir_n to_o his_o father_n the_o avowry_n be_v abate_v in_o avowry_n for_o rend_a service_n or_o any_o other_o rent_n except_o that_o he_o show_v the_o commencement_n of_o the_o rent_n as_o a_o gift_n in_o tail_n or_o a_o grant_n of_o a_o rent-charge_a he_o ought_v to_o allege_v no_o seisin_n of_o the_o rent_n in_o his_o avowry_n because_o he_o show_v the_o commencement_n of_o the_o rent_n in_o avowry_n for_o homage_n or_o escuage_z if_o he_o show_v not_o the_o commencement_n of_o the_o tenure_n he_o ought_v to_o show_v seisin_n of_o the_o homage_n or_o otherwise_o it_o be_v not_o good_a avowry_n for_o relief_n or_o aid_n pur_fw-mi file_n merry_a he_o ought_v not_o to_o allege_v seisin_n of_o the_o relief_n nor_o of_o the_o aid_n because_o that_o they_o be_v no_o parcel_n of_o the_o tenure_n as_o homage_n or_o escuage_z be_v but_o incident_a to_o the_o seignory_n where_o in_o avowry_n the_o defendant_n shall_v answer_v to_o the_o seisin_n and_o where_o he_o shall_v traverse_v in_o avowry_n the_o lord_n allege_v seisin_n of_o the_o service_n the_o tenant_n can_v traverse_v the_o tenure_n in_o part_n but_o he_o shall_v answer_v to_o the_o seisin_n for_o in_o avowry_n the_o tenant_n shall_v not_o avoid_v encroachment_n of_o service_n but_o in_o a_o writ_n of_o rescous_a or_o in_o assife_n he_o may_v avoid_v the_o encrochment_n and_o not_o answer_v to_o the_o tenure_n if_o the_o lord_n encroach_v a_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o part_n of_o the_o tenure_n before_o the_o encrochment_n it_o be_v void_a and_o the_o party_n shall_v avoid_v it_o and_o travers_n it_o notwithstanding_o seisin_n allege_v as_o where_o the_o tenant_n hold_v by_o homage_n and_o ten_o shilling_n the_o lord_n encroch_v a_o horse_n this_o encrochment_n be_v void_a because_o it_o be_v a_o other_o thing_n and_o other_o than_o the_o tenure_n be_v before_o also_o where_o the_o lord_n avow_v for_o homage_n and_o ten_o shilling_n rend_v the_o tenant_n may_v say_v that_o he_o hold_v of_o he_o by_o homage_n ancestrel_n without_o that_o that_o he_o hold_v of_o he_o by_o homage_n and_o ten_o shilling_n in_o this_o case_n he_o shall_v not_o answer_v to_o the_o seisin_n because_o that_o he_o may_v traverse_v the_o entire_a tenure_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n quod_fw-la nota_fw-la where_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o plea_n shall_v be_v traverse_v the_o avowant_n avow_v that_o i._o s._n be_v seize_v of_o a_o acre_n of_o land_n and_o so_o seize_v grant_v he_o twenty_o shilling_n rend_v in_o fee_n the_o plaintiff_n say_v that_o the_o say_v i._o s._n have_v nothing_o but_o for_o term_n of_o life_n of_o the_o lease_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n the_o which_o i._o s._n be_v dead_a this_o be_v a_o good_a plea_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v not_o say_v without_o that_o that_o i._o s._n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n and_o yet_o the_o avowant_n allege_v that_o he_o be_v seize_v in_o fee_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n say_v that_o he_o have_v nothing_o but_o for_o term_n of_o life_n which_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n contrary_a and_o yet_o the_o plea_n be_v good_a and_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v compel_v to_o say_v without_o that_o that_o he_o be_v seize_v in_o fee_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o that_o seisin_n in_o fee_n be_v not_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o avowry_n but_o the_o grant_v which_o be_v confess_v and_o avoid_v and_o because_o seisin_n in_o fee_n be_v not_o the_o effect_n the_o plaintiff_n may_v answer_v it_o by_o a_o affirmative_a and_o shall_v not_o be_v compel_v to_o travers_n with_o a_o without_o that_o the_o same_o law_n be_v in_o avowry_n when_o the_o avowant_n say_v that_o he_o be_v seize_v of_o a_o acre_n in_o fee_n and_o let_v the_o same_o to_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o life_n or_o for_o year_n reserve_v rend_v and_o for_o rend_a arrear_n he_o avow_v the_o plaintiff_n say_v that_o one_o i._o s._n be_v seize_v in_o his_o demesne_fw-la as_o of_o fee_n and_o let_v to_o the_o avowant_n for_o the_o life_n of_o i._o n._n the_o which_o i._o n._n dye_v and_o the_o say_v i._o s._n enter_v before_o who_o entry_n there_o be_v nothing_o arrear_n this_o be_v a_o good_a plea_n and_o he_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o say_v without_o that_o that_o the_o avowant_n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o lease_n for_o if_o the_o seisin_n have_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o his_o avowry_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v traverse_v or_o confess_v and_o avoid_v and_o this_o he_o have_v notdone_v for_o the_o avowant_n say_v that_o he_o be_v seize_v in_o fee_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n say_v that_o he_o be_v seize_v but_o for_o term_n of_o life_n the_o which_o be_v no_o direct_a travers_n but_o argumentative_a but_o the_o plea_n be_v good_a enough_o because_o that_o the_o seisin_n be_v not_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o bar_n but_o the_o lease_n quod_fw-la nota_fw-la bail_n alattitat_fw-la be_v sue_v out_o against_o two_o in_o a_o joint_a action_n and_o both_o take_v one_o put_v in_o bail_n as_o of_o michaelmas_n and_o the_o other_o of_o hillary_n term_n the_o court_n be_v move_v that_o the_o bail_n of_o michaelmas_n term_n may_v be_v take_v
ad_fw-la distringend_n '_o d'per_n ballivum_fw-la dni_fw-fr '_o regis_n the_o limitation_n of_o this_o distress_n to_o the_o king_n bailiff_n be_v void_a and_o it_o be_v good_a to_o give_v a_o power_n of_o distress_n to_o i._o s._n the_o grantee_n and_o his_o bailiff_n bacon_n elem._n of_o law_n 15._o error_n if_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v and_o allow_v and_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n die_v pendent_fw-la breve_fw-la errore_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o action_n may_v sue_v out_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la against_o the_o executor_n or_o administrator_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n without_o mention_v the_o writ_n of_o error_n for_o that_o it_o be_v no_o supersedeas_fw-la but_o only_o to_o privy_n and_o not_o to_o stranger_n when_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v allow_v execution_n upon_o the_o former_a judgement_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v award_v for_o by_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n the_o record_n itself_o be_v remove_v and_o the_o court_n have_v nothing_o whereupon_o to_o award_v execution_n yet_o supersedeas_fw-la the_o safe_a way_n if_o a_o man_n levy_v a_o fine_a sur_fw-fr conusance_fw-fr de_fw-fr droit_fw-fr come_n ceo_n etc._n etc._n and_o suffer_v a_o recovery_n of_o the_o same_o land_n and_o there_o be_v error_n in_o they_o both_o he_o can_v bring_v error_n first_o upon_o the_o fine_a because_o by_o the_o recovery_n his_o title_n of_o error_n be_v discharge_v and_o release_v in_o law_n inclusive_o but_o he_o must_v begin_v with_o the_o error_n upon_o the_o recovery_n which_o he_o may_v do_v because_o a_o fine_a execute_v bar_v no_o title_n that_o accrue_v de_fw-fr puisne_n tempus_fw-la after_o the_o fine_a levy_v and_o so_o restore_v himself_o to_o his_o title_n of_o error_n upon_o the_o fine_a if_o a_o man_n levy_v a_o fine_a where_o he_o have_v nothing_o in_o the_o land_n which_o inure_v by_o way_n of_o conclusion_n only_o and_o be_v executory_a against_o all_o purchase_n and_o new_a title_n which_o shall_v grow_v to_o the_o conusor_n afterward_o and_o he_o purchase_v the_o land_n and_o suffer_v a_o recovery_n to_o the_o conusee_fw-fr and_o in_o both_o fine_a and_o recovery_n there_o be_v error_n this_o fine_a be_v janus_n bifrons_n and_o will_v look_v forward_o and_o bar_n he_o of_o his_o writ_n of_o error_n bring_v of_o the_o recovery_n and_o therefore_o it_o will_v come_v to_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o first_o case_n of_o the_o attainder_n that_o he_o must_v reply_v that_o he_o have_v a_o writ_n also_o depend_v of_o the_o same_o fine_a and_o so_o demand_v judgement_n execution_n in_o escape_v against_o the_o sheriff_n the_o case_n be_v that_o a_o prisoner_n be_v in_o executition_n the_o gaoler_n let_v he_o out_o of_o prison_n about_o his_o occasion_n and_o after_o the_o prisoner_n return_v to_o the_o goal_n and_o another_o sheriff_n come_v in_o and_o then_o the_o prisoner_n escape_v and_o come_v no_o more_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o a_o action_n do_v not_o lie_v against_o the_o last_o sheriff_n for_o the_o prisoner_n be_v utter_o discharge_v of_o the_o execution_n by_o the_o first_o permissiom_n of_o go_v at_o large_a by_o the_o gaoler_n the_o sheriff_n may_v not_o break_v open_a the_o door_n of_o any_o man_n to_o execute_v a_o fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la much_o less_o a_o landlord_n to_o distrain_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n judgement_n in_o debt_n against_o three_o and_o a_o capia_n ad_fw-la satis_fw-la faciendum_fw-la against_o the_o principal_a the_o sheriff_n retorn_v non_fw-la est_fw-la inventus_fw-la upon_o which_o issue_v a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la against_o the_o surety_n and_o before_o the_o retorn_a the_o principal_n come_v into_o court_n and_o pray_v his_o body_n may_v be_v take_v in_o execution_n which_o be_v do_v according_o mich._n 10_o jacobi_n in_o c._n b._n and_o with_o this_o agree_v the_o course_n of_o the_o court_n of_o king's-bench_n and_o divers_a precedent_n of_o this_o court_n a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v 4_o november_n retornable_a 10_o january_n whereupon_o the_o court_n be_v move_v for_o execution_n because_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v but_o for_o delay_n in_o regard_n the_o retorn_a be_v so_o long_o and_o with_o this_o agree_v 4_o h._n 6._o a_o execution_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o court_n mich._n 16_o jac._n in_o c._n b._n of_o estoppel_n and_o conclusion_n he_o who_o claim_v nothing_o by_o he_o that_o be_v estop_v shall_v not_o be_v estop_v as_o two_o jointenant_n be_v disseise_v the_o disseisor_n let_v to_o the_o one_o now_o he_o be_v stop_v to_o say_v that_o he_o have_v another_o estate_n than_o for_o life_n afterward_o he_o to_o who_o the_o land_n be_v so_o let_v die_v the_o other_o jointenant_fw-fr shall_v have_v the_o land_n and_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v by_o that_o deed_n estopped_a for_o he_o claim_v nothing_o by_o he_o who_o be_v estop_v by_o the_o survivor_n if_o i_o be_o name_v w._n b._n and_o i_o bring_v my_o action_n by_o the_o name_n of_o i._o b._n and_o recover_v by_o that_o name_n afterward_o if_o i_o will_v bring_v my_o action_n against_o another_o person_n by_o my_o right_a name_n he_o shall_v not_o estop_v i_o by_o that_o recovery_n of_o the_o same_o name_n for_o if_o i_o have_v be_v estope_v i_o shall_v not_o have_v have_v my_o action_n against_o the_o other_o person_n but_o he_o that_o be_v party_n may_v estopp_n i_o well_o enough_o 26_o h._n 6._o 30_o h._n 6._o et_fw-la 10_o e._n 4._o contr_n where_o he_o in_o reversion_n or_o remainder_n claim_v nothing_o by_o tenant_n for_o life_n he_o shall_v not_o be_v estop_v as_o the_o father_n disseise_v the_o son_n and_o levy_n a_o fine_a thereof_o to_o a_o stranger_n where_o recovery_n be_v have_v against_o the_o father_n and_o afterward_o the_o father_n die_v the_o son_n enter_v or_o he_o that_o recover_v or_o he_o that_o be_v party_n to_o the_o fine_a between_o he_o and_o the_o son_n bring_v a_o assize_n and_o the_o other_o plead_v the_o fine_a or_o recovery_n by_o way_n of_o estoppel_n this_o be_v no_o plea_n because_o that_o notwithstanding_o that_o the_o son_n be_v privy_a to_o he_o that_o be_v estop_v yet_o he_o claim_v nothing_o by_o he_o where_o there_o be_v lord_n and_o tenant_n and_o the_o lord_n let_v his_o seignory_n to_o one_o for_o life_n the_o tenant_n for_o life_n of_o the_o seignory_n distrain_v the_o tenant_n and_o he_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o he_o and_o he_o justify_v for_o that_o he_o hold_v of_o he_o by_o ten_o shilling_n of_o rent_n and_o the_o other_o traverse_n it_o and_o it_o be_v find_v against_o the_o lord_n for_o term_n of_o life_n this_o shall_v be_v no_o estoppel_n to_o he_o in_o the_o reversion_n if_o a_o man_n plead_v a_o plea_n in_o which_o he_o confess_v a_o thing_n that_o be_v not_o material_a it_o shall_v not_o be_v a_o estoppel_n as_o if_o a_o man_n vouch_v one_o as_o son_n and_o heir_n to_o such_o a_o person_n and_o when_o he_o come_v he_o be_v bind_v to_o warranty_n by_o his_o own_o deed_n yet_o may_v say_v afterward_o in_o a_o assize_n of_o mortdancestor_n that_o the_o same_o person_n which_o i_o vouch_v before_o as_o son_n and_o heir_n be_v a_o bastard_n for_o the_o word_n son_n and_o heir_n in_o his_o voucher_n be_v not_o material_a the_o same_o law_n in_o a_o writ_n of_o trespass_n bring_v by_o one_o executor_n of_o good_n take_v out_o of_o his_o possession_n where_o a_o writ_n of_o debt_n be_v bring_v by_o a_o executor_n who_o count_v of_o a_o duty_n due_a to_o himself_o there_o the_o word_n executor_n be_v not_o material_a and_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v estop_v but_o he_o may_v say_v afterward_o that_o he_o never_o be_v executor_n nor_o ever_o administer_v as_o executor_n if_o a_o man_n will_v plead_v a_o record_n to_o estopp_n he_o that_o be_v privy_a he_o ought_v to_o show_v what_o end_n the_o action_n have_v as_o if_o i_o bring_v a_o action_n against_o you_o in_o which_o action_n you_o plead_v that_o at_o anotheâ—â—ime_n viz._n such_o a_o day_n etc._n etc._n i_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o you_o and_o the_o defendant_n plead_v villeinage_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n confess_v it_o he_o ought_v to_o show_v further_o by_o force_n of_o which_o he_o be_v nonsuit_v and_o to_o show_v what_o end_n the_o plea_n have_v and_o demand_v judgement_n if_o against_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v answer_v where_o a_o man_n have_v judgement_n to_o recover_v land_n by_o that_o judgement_n he_o shall_v be_v estop_v to_o claim_v any_o other_o title_n than_o he_o have_v by_o the_o recovery_n as_o if_o a_o man_n recover_v by_o writ_n of_o right_a sur_fw-fr disclamer_n if_o the_o tenant_n cease_v afterward_o he_o shall_v not_o have_v a_o cessavit_fw-la to_o recover_v the_o land_n though_o he_o sue_v not_o out_o execution_n for_o he_o shall_v be_v estop_v to_o claim_v
any_o other_o title_n or_o to_o have_v any_o other_o action_n to_o recover_v the_o land_n than_o that_o by_o which_o he_o have_v recover_v and_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o have_v a_o cessavit_fw-la he_o shall_v not_o have_v eschete_n if_o a_o man_n have_v rend_v in_o fee_n he_o may_v distrain_v or_o have_v a_o writ_n of_o annuity_n and_o if_o he_o bring_v a_o writ_n of_o annuity_n and_o have_v judgement_n to_o recover_v although_o that_o he_o sue_v not_o out_o execution_n yet_o he_o shall_v never_o distrain_v for_o the_o rent_n afterward_o tenant_n in_o tail_n discontinue_v for_o life_n and_o die_v and_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n alien_n in_o fee_n and_o the_o heir_n bring_v in_o consimili_fw-la casu_fw-la and_o recover_v now_o by_o this_o judgement_n he_o shall_v never_o have_v a_o formedon_n of_o the_o same_o land_n etc._n etc._n the_o disseisor_n enfeoff_v the_o disseisee_fw-mi by_o deed_n indent_v upon_o condition_n or_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n by_o deed_n indent_v this_o be_v a_o good_a conclusion_n to_o the_o disseisee_fw-mi to_o demand_v his_o right_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v that_o by_o the_o deed_n indent_v the_o disseisee_fw-mi have_v affirm_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o disseisor_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o he_o have_v confirm_v his_o estate_n before_o the_o feoffment_n in_o debt_n upon_o a_o obligation_n the_o defendant_n plead_v a_o release_n upon_o which_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v nonsuit_n afterward_o the_o plaintiff_n bring_v a_o new_a action_n of_o debt_n the_o defendant_n shall_v be_v estop_v to_o say_v that_o he_o be_v dein_n age_n or_o that_o the_o obligation_n be_v make_v per_fw-la minas_fw-la but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o if_o the_o plea_n be_v discontinue_v an_fw-mi essoin_fw-fr be_v cast_v for_o the_o tenant_n in_o a_o writ_n of_o dower_n yet_o the_o tenant_n shall_v be_v receive_v to_o say_v that_o he_o have_v be_v always_o ready_a to_o render_v dower_n and_o because_o that_o a_o essoin_fw-fr may_v be_v cast_v for_o a_o stranger_n this_o essoin_fw-fr be_v no_o estoppel_n for_o a_o estoppel_n shall_v be_v good_a to_o every_o intent_n but_o because_o a_o essoin_fw-fr may_v be_v cast_v for_o a_o stranger_n as_o well_o as_o for_o the_o tenant_n himself_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v a_o estoppel_n i_o bring_v a_o assize_n of_o mortdancestor_n and_o recover_v when_o in_o truth_n i_o have_v no_o right_n etc._n etc._n yet_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o same_o father_n shall_v be_v endow_v etc._n etc._n also_o in_o avowry_n tenant_n for_o life_n alien_n in_o fee_n the_o wife_n of_o tenant_n for_o life_n shall_v be_v endow_v against_o the_o feoffee_n also_o tenant_n in_o tail_n be_v bind_v by_o statute_n and_o make_v feoffment_n execution_n against_o the_o feoffee_n of_o some_o estoppel_v none_o shall_v have_v advantage_n but_o those_o who_o be_v party_n or_o privy_n as_o if_o i_o lose_v land_n by_o erroneous_a judgement_n or_o false_a verdict_n those_o that_o be_v stranger_n shall_v have_v no_o advantage_n but_o of_o some_o estoppel_v every_o one_o shall_v have_v advantage_n as_o bastardy_n certify_v by_o the_o bishop_n user_fw-fr of_o action_n be_v no_o estoppel_n to_o prejudice_v a_o other_o viz._n heir_n etc._n etc._n as_o a_o man_n grant_v a_o rend_a charge_n in_o fee_n to_o a_o abbot_n and_o his_o successor_n or_o to_o a_o feme-covert_a and_o her_o heir_n if_o the_o abbot_n or_o husband_n bring_v a_o action_n it_o shall_v not_o prejudice_v the_o successor_n or_o the_o wife_n in_o no_o case_n one_o person_n shall_v estopp_n another_o but_o in_o dower_n as_o where_o a_o woman_n demand_v dower_n and_o she_o have_v write_n touch_v the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o heir_n for_o in_o debt_n it_o be_v no_o plea_n to_o say_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v indebt_v to_o the_o defendant_n in_o ten_o pound_n because_o that_o it_o can_v be_v try_v by_o the_o original_a 3_o h._n 6._o in_o every_o case_n where_o i_o be_o bar_v of_o land_n as_o if_o it_o be_v find_v that_o i_o be_o not_o next_o heir_n this_o estoppel_n shall_v pass_v with_o the_o land_n and_o every_o one_o that_o claim_v the_o land_n by_o i_o shall_v be_v estop_v but_o of_o other_o land_n it_o shall_v be_v no_o estoppel_n against_o i_o 33_o h._n 6._o if_o i_o bring_v a_o praecipe_fw-la quod_fw-la reddat_fw-la by_o the_o name_n of_o richard_n when_o my_o name_n be_v john_n and_o recover_v by_o default_n against_o the_o tenant_n and_o afterward_o i_o bring_v another_o writ_n by_o my_o right_a name_n against_o the_o same_o tenant_n he_o shall_v not_o estopp_n himself_o by_o that_o recovery_n so_o if_o i_o have_v misname_v the_o tenant_n in_o the_o first_o record_n because_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v grieve_v by_o it_o mich._n 33_o h._n 6._o contra_fw-la per_fw-la prisot_n contra_fw-la per_fw-la fortescue_n 34._o by_o prisot_v none_o shall_v be_v receive_v to_o plead_v a_o estoppel_n against_o another_o but_o he_o that_o plead_v may_v be_v estop_v by_o the_o same_o plea_n and_o this_o be_v where_o both_o party_n be_v party_n to_o the_o record_n otherwise_o not_o for_o if_o i_o bring_v a_o action_n by_o the_o name_n of_o robert_n when_o my_o name_n be_v john_n against_o one_o that_o plead_v with_o i_o if_o afterward_o i_o sue_v he_o by_o the_o name_n of_o john_n he_o shall_v estopp_n i_o by_o that_o record_n but_o against_o a_o stranger_n i_o shall_v not_o be_v estop_v by_o it_o by_o prisott_n and_o by_o fortescue_n 30_o h._n 6._o 26_o h._n 6._o 14_o e._n 4._o contra_fw-la bastardy_n certify_v against_o i_o or_o find_v against_o i_o every_o stranger_n shall_v estopp_n i_o because_o that_o every_o stranger_n be_v estop_v to_o say_v that_o i_o be_o mulier_fw-la but_o if_o i_o be_o certify_v mulier_fw-la a_o stranger_n shall_v not_o be_v estop_v by_o it_o to_o plead_v special_a bastardy_n because_o that_o it_o may_v be_v that_o i_o be_o a_o bastard_n in_o our_o law_n and_o a_o mulier_fw-la in_o the_o spiritual_a law_n but_o not_o è_fw-la contra_fw-la no_o stranger_n shall_v take_v advantage_n by_o a_o estoppel_n but_o where_o the_o estoppel_n extinguish_v the_o right_n as_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n to_o i_o for_o term_n of_o year_n of_o my_o own_o land_n and_o the_o term_n pass_v and_o he_o enter_v and_o grant_v a_o rend_a charge_n in_o fee_n and_o afterward_o i_o recover_v against_o the_o grantor_n the_o land_n by_o default_n the_o grantee_n shall_v not_o falsify_v the_o recovery_n by_o estoppel_n a_o stranger_n shall_v not_o take_v advantage_n of_o a_o estoppel_n in_o fait_fw-fr if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o realty_n but_o by_o matter_n of_o record_n it_o be_v otherwise_o a_o man_n take_v a_o lease_n of_o land_n for_o year_n or_o for_o life_n of_o which_o land_n he_o himself_o â—s_v sense_v in_o fee_n or_o in_o tail_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o lease_n make_v if_o it_o be_v by_o deed_n indent_v he_o be_v estopped_a to_o say_v that_o he_o have_v any_o estate_n or_o right_n in_o those_o land_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o lease_n the_o same_o law_n if_o a_o man_n be_v disseise_v and_o take_v a_o lease_n of_o the_o disseisor_n for_o a_o term_n of_o year_n of_o the_o same_o land_n by_o deed_n indent_v but_o if_o a_o man_n take_v a_o lease_n for_o term_n of_o life_n of_o his_o disseisor_n he_o shall_v not_o be_v thereby_o estopped_a notwithstanding_o it_o be_v by_o deed_n indent_v because_o that_o by_o the_o livery_n he_o be_v remit_v and_o the_o lease_n be_v void_a ut_fw-la dicitur_fw-la quaere_fw-la tamen_fw-la for_o the_o indenture_n be_v strong_a against_o he_o but_o if_o it_o be_v indent_v it_o be_v clear_a law_n but_o if_o it_o be_v by_o fine_a it_o shall_v be_v a_o estoppel_n because_o that_o the_o estoppel_n take_v effect_n before_o his_o entry_n or_o if_o livery_n be_v make_v out_o of_o the_o land_n within_o view_n etc._n etc._n if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n by_o deed_n indent_v to_o one_o of_o his_o own_o land_n now_o he_o be_v conclude_v after_o the_o lease_n determine_v the_o lessor_n enter_v by_o force_n of_o the_o conclusion_n and_o a_o stranger_n come_v in_o aid_n of_o he_o the_o lessee_n shall_v punish_v the_o stranger_n for_o this_o trespass_n and_o he_o shall_v not_o conclude_v he_o by_o force_n of_o the_o lease_n because_o he_o be_v whole_o a_o stranger_n to_o the_o judgement_n per_fw-la totam_fw-la curiam_fw-la 14_o h._n 6._o but_o quaere_fw-la if_o he_o justify_v as_o servant_n if_o he_o shall_v conclude_v himself_o fine_n and_o recovery_n a_o fine_a be_v levy_v of_o land_n in_o two_o county_n and_o but_o one_o county_n mention_v in_o the_o fine_a yet_o because_o it_o be_v for_o the_o use_v declare_v in_o a_o indenture_n which_o do_v mention_v the_o land_n in_o the_o other_o county_n all_o the_o land_n mention_v in_o the_o indenture_n do_v pass_v if_o
fraud_n and_o perjury_n 1._o by_o this_o act_n it_o appear_v that_o if_o a_o feoffment_n be_v make_v and_o livery_n and_o seisin_n due_o execute_v although_o it_o be_v before_o many_o credible_a witness_n as_o former_o the_o law_n be_v yet_o unless_o it_o be_v put_v into_o write_v nothing_o shall_v pass_v thereby_o but_o a_o estate_n at_o will_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n all_o lease_n make_v by_o word_n for_o any_o long_a time_n than_o three_o year_n or_o other_o estate_n make_v or_o create_v without_o write_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o rule_n that_o be_v shall_v be_v only_a estate_n at_o will_n that_o be_v so_o make_v by_o word_n without_o write_v after_o the_o 24_o the_o of_o june_n 1677._o 2._o after_o the_o say_v 24_o the_o of_o june_n 1677._o no_o executor_n or_o administrator_n shall_v be_v charge_v with_o any_o special_a promise_n to_o answer_v damage_n out_o of_o their_o own_o estate_n but_o only_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o testator_n have_v assett_n in_o their_o hand_n and_o that_o no_o other_o person_n shall_v be_v charge_v with_o any_o special_a promise_n to_o pay_v the_o debt_n of_o another_o man_n or_o answer_v for_o the_o default_n of_o any_o other_o or_o upon_o any_o agreement_n of_o marriage_n or_o for_o any_o agreement_n for_o land_n or_o for_o any_o other_o commodity_n or_o thing_n not_o to_o be_v perform_v within_o one_o year_n after_o the_o make_n of_o any_o such_o agreement_n unless_o the_o same_o promise_n bargain_n or_o agreement_n be_v set_v down_o in_o write_v and_o sign_v by_o the_o party_n to_o be_v charge_v therewith_o or_o by_o some_o other_o person_n lawful_o authorise_v by_o he_o so_o to_o do_v 3._o all_o will_n and_o bequest_n of_o land_n tenement_n etc._n etc._n after_o the_o say_v 24_o the_o day_n of_o june_n 1677._o shall_v be_v put_v into_o writing_n and_o subscribe_v by_o the_o testator_n or_o some_o person_n else_o in_o his_o presence_n and_o by_o his_o express_a direction_n and_o attest_v and_o subscribe_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o three_o or_o four_o witness_n other_o wise_a all_o such_o gift_n to_o be_v void_a all_o such_o devise_n so_o make_v and_o subscribe_v by_o the_o testatoror_n his_o direction_n as_o aforesaid_a shall_v be_v good_a and_o stand_v effectual_a in_o the_o law_n unless_o the_o testator_n shall_v at_o any_o time_n cancel_v the_o will_n or_o alter_v it_o by_o a_o subsequent_a will._n 4._o all_o trust_n shall_v be_v in_o write_v and_o sign_v by_o the_o party_n declare_v the_o trust_n else_o to_o be_v void_a except_o such_o trust_n as_o arise_v by_o implication_n of_o law_n and_o land_n in_o trust_n for_o the_o use_n of_o other_o shall_v be_v chargeable_a with_o the_o judgement_n and_o liable_a to_o the_o execution_n sue_v out_o against_o cestuque_n use_n 5._o aman_n seize_v of_o one_o estate_n pour_fw-fr autre_fw-fr vie_fw-fr may_v devise_v the_o same_o by_o will_n in_o manner_n aforesaid_a and_o no_o such_o devise_n shall_v descend_v to_o the_o heir_n that_o so_o die_v seize_v as_o land_n in_o fee-simple_n shall_v do_v and_o such_o heir_n shall_v be_v chargeable_a therewith_o as_o a_o special_a occupant_n and_o in_o case_n of_o no_o such_o special_a occupancy_n then_o shall_v the_o land_n descend_v to_o the_o executor_n and_o administrator_n 6._o from_o and_o after_o the_o say_a day_n every_o judgement_n shall_v be_v sign_v with_o the_o day_n of_o the_o month_n and_o the_o year_n in_o which_o such_o judgement_n be_v sign_v and_o the_o day_n of_o the_o month_n and_o year_n be_v to_o be_v enter_v on_o the_o margin_n of_o the_o plea-role_n and_o they_o shall_v be_v account_v judgement_n but_o from_o that_o day_n wherein_o they_o be_v so_o sign_v and_o not_o from_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o term_n as_o former_o be_v use_v the_o like_a rule_n for_o recognizance_n 7._o no_o writ_n of_o fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la or_o write_v of_o execution_n shall_v after_o the_o property_n of_o good_n but_o from_o the_o day_n the_o writ_n be_v deliver_v to_o the_o sheriss_n to_o execute_v which_o day_n and_o year_n the_o sheriff_n be_v to_o endorse_v on_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o writ_n 8._o no_o bargain_n of_o good_n above_o the_o value_n of_o ten_o pound_n shall_v stand_v good_a unless_o the_o buyer_n take_v part_n of_o the_o good_n so_o sell_v into_o his_o possession_n or_o give_v something_o in_o earnest_n or_o that_o some_o note_n or_o memorandum_n be_v make_v thereof_o in_o write_v 9_o no_o nuncupative_a will_n whereby_o a_o estate_n be_v bequeath_v above_o the_o value_n of_o thirty_o pound_n shall_v be_v good_a unless_o it_o shall_v be_v prove_v by_o three_o witness_n at_o the_o least_o nor_o unless_o the_o testator_n do_v bid_v the_o party_n present_v bear_v witness_n that_o so_o be_v his_o will_n or_o to_o such_o like_a effect_n nor_o unless_o such_o a_o will_n be_v make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o testator_n last_o sickness_n and_o in_o his_o place_n of_o habitation_n and_o unless_o he_o be_v surprise_v and_o take_v sick_a from_o home_n and_o that_o no_o testimony_n shall_v be_v receive_v to_o prove_v such_o will_n after_o six_o month_n unless_o the_o testamentory_n word_n be_v commit_v to_o write_v within_o six_o day_n after_o the_o make_n of_o such_o will._n 10._o no_o word_n unless_o they_o be_v commit_v to_o write_v and_o read_v to_o the_o testator_n and_o allow_v by_o he_o and_o prove_v by_o three_o witness_n to_o be_v his_o will_n shall_v alter_v any_o will_n in_o write_v concern_v any_o good_n or_o chattel_n or_o any_o device_n or_o bequest_n therein_o trespass_n if_o my_o servant_n without_o my_o knowledge_n put_v beast_n into_o another_o man_n ground_n the_o servant_n be_v trespasser_n and_o not_o the_o master_n if_o a_o man_n beat_v my_o servant_n i_o may_v have_v trespass_n and_o my_o servant_n another_o action_n of_o trespass_n diversis_fw-la respectibus_fw-la it_o be_v good_a to_o lay_v the_o action_n some_o day_n after_o the_o trespass_n commit_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o material_a or_o traversable_a if_o be_v lay_v before_o for_o it_o be_v but_o a_o circumstance_n as_o trespass_n do_v the_o four_o of_o may_n the_o plaintiff_n allege_v the_o first_o of_o may_n it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o upon_o evidence_n it_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o trespass_n be_v do_v before_o the_o action_n bring_v a_o master_n be_v punishable_a for_o his_o servant_n if_o he_o be_v about_o his_o master_n business_n a_o abbot_n for_o his_o monk_n a_o captain_n for_o his_o soldier_n a_o host_n for_o his_o guest_n so_o a_o sheriff_n for_o his_o under-sheriff_n and_o bailiff_n but_o a_o master_n shall_v not_o be_v punish_v for_o trespass_n of_o battery_n or_o entry_n into_o land_n or_o felony_n or_o murder_n or_o such_o like_a do_v by_o the_o servant_n unless_o do_v by_o his_o command_n if_o a_o servant_n keep_v his_o master_n fire_n so_o negligent_a that_o it_o burn_v his_o master_n and_o the_o neighbour_n house_n the_o master_n be_v chargeable_a therewith_o a_o man_n be_v chargeable_a with_o the_o fault_n of_o his_o family_n or_o of_o his_o beast_n if_o a_o ship_n be_v perish_v and_o the_o mariner_n cast_v the_o good_n to_o save_v they_o on_o the_o land_n next_o adjoin_v yet_o this_o be_v trespass_n and_o punishable_a by_o he_o that_o hold_v the_o land_n a_o servant_n may_v justify_v the_o beat_n of_o another_o in_o defence_n of_o his_o master_n a_o man_n shall_v not_o have_v his_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o threaten_v and_o recover_v damage_n as_o well_o as_o in_o assault_n and_o battery_n the_o law_n do_v not_o allow_v any_o man_n to_o strike_v in_o revenge_n of_o ill_a word_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o there_o be_v no_o proportion_n between_o word_n and_o blow_n but_o he_o that_o be_v strike_v may_v strike_v again_o in_o trespass_n he_o that_o consent_v and_o give_v aid_n to_o the_o commit_n of_o trespass_n be_v a_o principal_a and_o no_o accessary_a to_o the_o same_o trespass_n if_o tenant_n at_o will_n commit_v voluntary_o waste_a trespass_n lie_v against_o he_o notwithstanding_o his_o possession_n so_o that_o if_o i_o deliver_v my_o sheep_n to_o another_o to_o fold_n or_o dung_n his_o land_n or_o a_o horse_n to_o ride_v or_o ox_n to_o plough_v his_o land_n if_o the_o bailiff_n spoil_n or_o kill_v they_o i_o have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o he_o notwithstanding_o the_o delivery_n of_o they_o or_o trover_n at_o his_o election_n if_o a_o man_n desseize_v i_o of_o my_o land_n or_o dispossess_v i_o of_o my_o good_n yet_o i_o may_v enter_v upon_o the_o land_n or_o take_v my_o good_n although_o i_o release_v to_o the_o party_n disseizer_n or_o trespasser_n all_o action_n yet_o this_o release_n shall_v not_o bar_n my_o right_n no_o trespass_n can_v be_v excuse_v by_o law_n but_o it_o may_v be_v justify_v as_o upon_o son_n assault_n demesne_fw-la or_o
so_o it_o be_v of_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n make_v by_o a_o feme_fw-fr sole_a reserve_v rent_n and_o she_o take_v husband_n so_o of_o a_o obligation_n make_v to_o a_o feme_fw-fr sole_a and_o she_o take_v husband_n for_o otherwise_o the_o word_n of_o the_o writ_n be_v false_a but_o if_o a_o feme_fw-fr sole_n make_v a_o bailiff_n of_o her_o manor_n of_o dale_n and_o take_v husband_n of_o all_o the_o rent_n receive_v by_o the_o bailiff_n after_o coverture_n the_o husband_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o account_n in_o his_o own_o name_n for_o there_o the_o word_n of_o the_o writ_n be_v true_a and_o when_o a_o action_n personal_a be_v give_v to_o the_o husband_n and_o also_o to_o his_o wife_n during_o the_o coverture_n it_o be_v at_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o husband_n to_o bring_v the_o action_n in_o both_o their_o name_n or_o in_o his_o own_o name_n if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o the_o wife_n may_v have_v advantage_n of_o it_o when_o a_o thing_n be_v give_v to_o husband_n and_o wife_n by_o matter_n of_o record_n than_o he_o ought_v to_o join_v with_o she_o but_o there_o be_v a_o diversity_n when_o it_o be_v of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o when_o it_o be_v on_o the_o defendant_n part_n as_o a_o feme_fw-fr sole_a disseise_v i_o and_o take_v husband_n the_o assize_n lie_v against_o both_o suppose_v that_o they_o both_o disseise_v i_o so_o it_o be_v of_o trespass_n note_v it_o be_v at_o the_o election_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n to_o bring_v his_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o the_o heir_n or_o against_o the_o executor_n a_o man_n marry_v a_o wife_n that_o have_v a_o rent_n charge_v out_o of_o the_o land_n of_o another_o rent_n be_v arrear_n before_o and_o after_o marriage_n the_o plaintiff_n shall_v recover_v by_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o the_o grantor_n or_o his_o heir_n action_n of_o covenant_n shall_v not_o go_v to_o the_o heir_n but_o to_o the_o executor_n as_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o a_o bond_n or_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n the_o term_n go_v to_o the_o executor_n and_o not_o the_o heir_n or_o any_o thing_n where_o damage_n shall_v be_v only_o recover_v for_o that_o every_o heir_n may_v not_o have_v chattel_n descend_v and_o so_o not_o this_o action_n a_o man_n seize_v of_o a_o house_n and_o good_n make_v a_o lease_n thereof_o and_o after_o enter_v and_o enfeoff_n i._n s._n the_o lessee_n re-enter_v rent_n be_v in_o arrear_n i._o s._n bring_v his_o action_n of_o debt_n and_o have_v judgement_n because_o the_o rent_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o house_n and_o not_o out_o of_o the_o good_n a_o man_n be_v bind_v in_o a_o bill_n i_o teneri_fw-la &_o firmiter_fw-la obligari_fw-la in_o viginti_fw-la libris_fw-la solvendum_fw-la in_o watch_n it_o be_v question_v whether_o the_o action_n shall_v be_v bring_v for_o the_o watch_n or_o the_o money_n but_o resolve_v for_o the_o money_n otherwise_o if_o the_o number_n of_o watch_n have_v be_v in_o the_o bill_n for_o than_o it_o have_v be_v for_o so_o many_o watch_n to_o the_o value_n of_o 20_o l._n if_o a_o man_n have_v be_v indebt_v to_o i_o in_o a_o single_a contract_n and_o die_v i_o can_v have_v have_v no_o remedy_n at_o the_o common-law_n against_o his_o executor_n for_o he_o may_v have_v wage_v his_o law_n in_o his_o life-time_n but_o his_o executor_n can_v not_o but_o now_o i_o may_v have_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o his_o executor_n assault_v and_o battery_n and_o ejectment_n will_v lie_v both_o in_o one_o declaration_n where_o two_o man_n be_v beat_v together_o yet_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v several_a action_n because_o the_o trespass_n be_v personal_a but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v in_o real_a trespass_n if_o you_o bring_v your_o action_n for_o live_v cattle_n it_o must_v be_v cepit_fw-la &_o abduxit_fw-la but_o if_o it_o be_v dead_a good_n or_o chattel_n than_o you_o must_v say_v cepit_fw-la et_fw-la asportavit_fw-la so_o likewise_o you_o say_v for_o live_v cattle_n pretii_fw-la for_o dead_a thing_n ad_fw-la valentiam_fw-la divers_a person_n may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n joint_o for_o good_n take_v or_o the_o like_a but_o of_o battery_n or_o such_o personal_a trespass_n the_o action_n ought_v to_o be_v single_a unless_o it_o be_v a_o man_n and_o wife_n and_o if_o the_o man_n and_o wife_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o battery_n or_o for_o good_n take_v the_o writ_n shall_v say_v the_o good_n of_o the_o husband_n only_o for_o the_o wife_n can_v have_v property_n in_o the_o good_n during_o the_o coverture_n a_o action_n lie_v against_o a_o executor_n upon_o a_o promise_n of_o the_o testator_n upon_o consideration_n of_o forbear_v to_o prosecute_v but_o alter_v since_o by_o the_o late_a act_n to_o prevent_v fraud_n and_o perjury_n if_o there_o be_v three_o executor_n name_v in_o the_o testament_n and_o two_o of_o they_o refuse_v the_o three_o may_v prove_v the_o will_n alone_o and_o yet_o the_o other_o two_o may_v meddle_v with_o the_o good_n when_o they_o will_v and_o either_o of_o they_o when_o they_o will_v and_o if_o a_o action_n be_v bring_v it_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o all_o their_o name_n notwithstanding_o such_o refusal_n executor_n of_o executor_n shall_v not_o have_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n or_o other_o action_n for_o any_o thing_n due_a to_o the_o first_o testator_n for_o that_o they_o be_v not_o executor_n to_o the_o first_o testator_n or_o privy_n to_o his_o will_n but_o be_v stranger_n by_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common-law_n but_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25_o e._n 3._o cap._n 5._o they_o may_v sue_v and_o be_v sue_v and_o shall_v answer_v for_o whatsoever_o come_v to_o their_o hand_n of_o the_o first_o testator_n sr._n o._n c._n seize_v of_o a_o house_n in_o fee_n and_o possess_v of_o a_o other_o house_n as_o administrator_n for_o year_n let_v we_o they_o both_o for_o 10_o year_n to_o the_o lady_n s._n who_o covenant_n to_o keep_v they_o in_o repair_n and_o so_o leave_v they_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o term._n afterward_o sr._n o._n grant_v the_o reversion_n of_o both_o house_n by_o several_a indenture_n to_o i._o p._n the_o lease_n make_v to_o the_o lady_n s._n expire_v and_o the_o house_n be_v leave_v ruinous_a whereupon_o i._o p._n bring_v his_o action_n nicholls_n for_o the_o defendant_n say_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n ought_v to_o have_v bring_v two_o writ_n of_o covenant_n for_o that_o the_o house_n be_v several_a and_o if_o the_o case_n have_v be_v that_o the_o lessor_n have_v covenant_v to_o repair_v they_o and_o have_v dye_v yet_o the_o lessee_n shall_v have_v have_v one_o write_v against_o the_o heir_n and_o a_o other_o write_v against_o the_o executor_n and_o when_o a_o action_n be_v once_o sever_v it_o can_v never_o be_v join_v again_o and_o when_o sr._n o._n have_v grant_v the_o house_n of_o which_o he_o be_v seize_v in_o fee_n by_o deed_n to_o p._n now_o the_o action_n be_v sever_v and_o sr._n o._n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o covenant_n for_o one_o house_n and_o p._n for_o the_o other_o and_o for_o these_o reason_n he_o hold_v the_o action_n not_o to_o be_v well_o bring_v doderidge_n è_fw-la contra_fw-la and_o first_o he_o agree_v with_o the_o other_o that_o two_o action_n upon_o this_o covenant_n be_v maintainable_a and_o that_o if_o sr._n o._n have_v let_v his_o house_n the_o lessee_n shall_v have_v one_o action_n upon_o this_o covenant_n and_o the_o lessor_n another_o but_o yet_o he_o say_v this_o action_n will_v well_o lie_v for_o the_o law_n be_v excellent_a in_o this_o point_n for_o when_o the_o ground_n upon_o which_o the_o action_n be_v found_v in_o one_o notwithstanding_o the_o thing_n be_v several_a yet_o all_o shall_v be_v comprise_v in_o one_o action_n for_o frustra_fw-la fiunt_fw-la per_fw-la plura_fw-la quae_fw-la fieri_fw-la possunt_fw-la per_fw-la pauciora_fw-la and_o with_o this_o agree_v 14_o e._n 3._o if_o a_o man_n grant_v a_o rent_n out_o of_o his_o land_n to_o one_o and_o sell_v the_o same_o land_n and_o afterward_o the_o vendee_fw-mi grant_v another_o rent-charge_n out_o of_o the_o same_o land_n to_o the_o same_o person_n and_o he_o be_v disseise_v he_o shall_v have_v one_o assize_n for_o both_o the_o rent_n so_o if_o one_o distreyn_a for_o two_o rent_n and_o the_o tenant_n rescuos_fw-la they_o he_o shall_v have_v but_o one_o write_v of_o rescous_a 3_o h._n 6._o 17._o &_o 13_o h._n 7._o 12._o b._n there_o exception_n be_v take_v because_o it_o suppose_v a_o chase_v in_o two_o park_n the_o which_o ought_v to_o have_v several_a punishment_n viz._n for_o either_o park_n imprisonment_n for_o 3_o year_n as_o it_o be_v give_v by_o the_o statute_n w._n 1._o and_o because_o he_o join_v the_o chase_n in_o two_o park_n together_o it_o be_v not_o good_a for_o a_o man_n can_v have_v a_o writ_n of_o ravishment_n de_fw-fr
deux_fw-fr guard_n nor_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la of_o two_o church_n yet_o by_o the_o judge_n it_o be_v hold_v good_a eonugh_o as_o of_o trespass_n for_o a_o man_n may_v join_v land_n of_o twenty_o title_n in_o trespass_n and_o trespass_n lie_v f_o wood_n pasture_n and_o the_o like_a and_o 4_o e._n 2._o if_o a_o man_n hold_v land_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o die_v have_v issue_n only_o two_o daughter_n within_o age_n and_o they_o be_v ravish_v the_o lord_n shall_v have_v but_o one_o ravishment_n de_fw-fr gard._n and_o 31_o h._n 6._o 14._o if_o a_o stranger_n enter_v upon_o two_o parcener_n they_o shall_v have_v but_o one_o formedon_n and_o if_o the_o lessor_n shall_v have_v one_o write_v of_o covenant_n for_o those_o house_n the_o assignce_n shall_v have_v the_o same_o for_o the_o statute_n of_o 32_o h._n 8._o ca._n 14._o give_v the_o assignee_n the_o power_n of_o the_o lessor_n and_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n coke_n say_v if_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n enfeoff_v a_o other_o to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o for_o life_n the_o remainder_n of_o part_n to_o one_o of_o his_o daughter_n and_o â—he_v heir_n of_o her_o body_n issue_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o residue_n to_o the_o other_o daughter_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o her_o body_n issue_v the_o elder_a daughter_n die_v without_o issue_n a_o stranger_n enter_v upon_o the_o whole_a the_o other_o sister_n shall_v have_v but_o one_o writ_n mich._n 8._o jacobi_n in_o communi_fw-la banco_n inter_fw-la pyot_n &_o dominam_fw-la st._n john_n if_o a_o infant_n let_v land_n for_o a_o term_n of_o year_n render_v rend_v he_o may_v at_o his_o election_n have_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o the_o rent_n reserve_v upon_o the_o lease_n or_o bring_v trespass_n for_o occupy_v of_o the_o land_n and_o so_o he_o may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o the_o use_n of_o of_o a_o thing_n sell_v by_o he_o and_o if_o a_o infant_n do_v give_v a_o horse_n to_o one_o without_o actual_a delivery_n of_o the_o horse_n into_o his_o hand_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o gift_n and_o the_o donee_n take_v the_o horse_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o gift_n the_o infant_n may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o he_o 18_o e._n 4._o 2._o if_o a_o infant_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n or_o a_o lease_n per_fw-la dure_v if_o the_o lessee_n enter_v the_o infant_n may_v have_v a_o assize_n but_o if_o the_o infant_n make_v a_o feoffment_n and_o deliver_v seisin_n according_o he_o shall_v have_v no_o assize_n for_o by_o the_o livery_n of_o seisin_n the_o feoffee_n have_v a_o possession_n at_o will_n at_o least_o but_o if_o he_o make_v a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n to_o deliver_v seisin_n he_o may_v have_v a_o assize_n 9_o h._n 7._o 24._o 8._o 2._o mar._n 109._o dyer_n rug._n case_n if_o a_o obligation_n be_v make_v to_o husband_n and_o wife_n the_o writ_n may_v be_v bring_v in_o the_o husband_n name_n only_o 12_o r._n 2._o brief_a 639._o and_o so_o where_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n be_v make_v by_o husband_n and_o wife_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o wife_n render_v rend_v the_o action_n of_o debt_n must_v be_v bring_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o husband_n only_o 7_o e._n 4._o 5._o but_o by_o 2_o r._n 2._o in_o a_o writ_n concern_v a_o chattel_n real_a they_o may_v join_v 2_o r._n 2._o brief_a 37._o as_o to_o such_o thing_n which_o concern_v the_o person_n of_o the_o wife_n immediate_o there_o the_o writ_n must_v be_v bring_v in_o both_o their_o name_n and_o therefore_o the_o husband_n can_v sue_v a_o writ_n of_o appeal_n for_o the_o rape_n of_o his_o wife_n without_o name_v the_o wife_n 8_o h._n 4._o 21._o 1_o h._n 6._o 10_o h._n 4._o brook_z baron_n &_o feme_fw-fr 34._o husband_n and_o wife_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o battery_n for_o the_o beat_n of_o they_o both_o the_o writ_n be_v adjudge_v good_a for_o the_o battery_n of_o the_o wife_n but_o not_o as_o to_o the_o husband_n 9_o e._n 4._o 54._o the_o husband_n and_o the_o wife_n shall_v both_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o the_o take_v away_o the_o good_n of_o the_o wife_n before_o marriage_n 21_o h._n 33._o in_o a_o writ_n of_o detinue_n of_o chartres_n against_o husband_n and_o wife_n declaration_n be_v upon_o a_o trover_n and_o the_o writ_n be_v abate_v 13_o r._n 2._o brief_a 644._o a_o writ_n of_o covenant_n be_v bring_v by_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n for_o that_o the_o defendant_n have_v lease_v to_o they_o land_n by_o deed_n for_o term_n of_o year_n and_o afterward_o oust_v they_o and_o the_o writ_n be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v good_a for_o if_o the_o husband_n die_v the_o wife_n shall_v have_v the_o term_n and_o in_o this_o case_n they_o be_v both_o party_n to_o the_o covenant_n 47_o e._n 3._o 12._o a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o the_o arrearage_n of_o rent_n reserve_v upon_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n make_v unto_o the_o husband_n and_o the_o wife_n shall_v be_v bring_v against_o they_o both_o and_o so_o shall_v a_o writ_n of_o waste_v for_o the_o wife_n can_v waive_n the_o lease_n during_o the_o life_n of_o the_o husband_n 6_o e._n 4._o 10_o &_o 17_o e._n 4._o 7._o a_o action_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o laborer_n be_v bring_v against_o husband_n and_o wife_n suppose_v that_o the_o wife_n have_v covenant_v with_o the_o plaintiff_n to_o be_v waiting-woman_n to_o his_o wife_n for_o a_o year_n and_o that_o she_o depart_v out_o of_o service_n within_o the_o year_n and_o the_o writ_n be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v good_a be_v bring_v against_o they_o both_o 8_o r._n 2._o laborer_n 59_o a_o man_n may_v have_v a_o write_v of_o detinue_n of_o charter_n and_o of_o chattel_n joint_o because_o there_o one_o thing_n be_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o action_n viz._n the_o deteyner_n 44_o e._n 3._o 41_o brief_a 583._o likewise_o a_o man_n may_v have_v a_o write_v of_o debt_n where_o part_n of_o the_o debt_n be_v due_a by_o obligation_n and_o part_n by_o contract_n because_o there_o the_o debt_n be_v only_a occasion_n of_o the_o suit_n 41_o e._n 3_o damage_n 75._o 1_o h._n 5._o 4._o so_o in_o thing_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n one_o writ_n may_v comprehend_v many_o wrong_n and_o therefore_o a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n be_v bring_v for_o hinder_v the_o plaintiff_n to_o hold_v his_o leet_n 2._o for_o the_o disturbance_n of_o his_o servant_n and_o tenant_n in_o the_o gather_v his_o tithe_n 3._o for_o threaten_v so_o that_o the_o people_n etc._n etc._n dare_v not_o come_v to_o a_o certain_a chapel_n to_o do_v their_o devotion_n and_o present_v their_o offering_n &_o 4._o for_o the_o take_n of_o his_o servant_n and_o chattel_n 19_o r._n 2._o action_n sur_fw-fr le_fw-fr case_n 52._o when_o a_o action_n be_v give_v by_o the_o statute_n and_o the_o statute_n do_v not_o prescribe_v any_o certain_a form_n of_o the_o writ_n the_o write_v frame_v at_o the_o common_a law_n shall_v serve_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o the_o special_a matter_n shall_v be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o declaration_n dyer_n 37._o a._n 83._o where_o a_o man_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n against_o his_o own_o deed._n a_o man_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n against_o his_o own_o deed_n as_o if_o i_o disseise_v a_o abbot_n and_o make_v feoffment_n in_o fee_n with_o waranty_n and_o afterward_o i_o be_o make_v abbot_n of_o the_o same_o house_n my_o feoffment_n shall_v not_o be_v a_o bar_n to_o i_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v with_o warranty_n i_o shall_v have_v a_o action_n against_o my_o alienee_n because_o that_o i_o recover_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o house_n and_o not_o to_o my_o own_o use_n the_o same_o law_n if_o i_o disseise_v major_n and_o commonalty_n etc._n etc._n the_o same_o law_n of_o the_o parson_n of_o a_o church_n the_o same_o law_n if_o i_o take_v a_o horse_n of_o a_o feme_fw-fr sole_a and_o sell_v it_o and_o afterward_o marry_v she_o i_o shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o my_o alienee_n because_o that_o i_o recover_v to_o the_o use_n of_o my_o wife_n tamen_fw-la quaere_fw-la a_o monk_n shall_v have_v a_o quo_fw-la minus_fw-la debitum_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la solvere_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la for_o the_o advantage_n upon_o a_o lease_n make_v by_o the_o king_n reserve_v rend_v 14_o h._n 4._o the_o same_o law_n if_o a_o villain_n be_v make_v executor_n to_o a_o man_n to_o who_o the_o lord_n be_v bind_v the_o villain_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n against_o his_o lord_n the_o same_o law_n if_o a_o monk_n be_v make_v executor_n etc._n etc._n the_o same_o law_n if_o a_o abbot_n have_v be_v disseise_v and_o afterward_o the_o disseisor_n be_v desseise_v the_o disseisor_n release_v with_o warranty_n and_o after_o that_o be_v make_v abbot_n he_o shall_v find_v against_o his_o own_o deed_n
where_o not_o further_o if_o the_o award_n be_v that_o he_o shall_v go_v to_o paul_n with_o a_o estranger_fw-fr this_o be_v void_a and_z vet_z it_o be_v possible_a but_o peradventure_o the_o stranger_n will_v not_o go_v with_o he_o note_n if_o the_o award_n be_v that_o one_o of_o the_o party_n shall_v deliver_v to_o the_o other_o the_o good_n that_o be_v in_o the_o house_n of_o i._o s._n this_o be_v void_a and_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o impossible_a but_o because_o that_o he_o may_v do_v wrong_a to_o i._o s._n to_o enter_v into_o his_o house_n and_o to_o convey_v his_o good_n from_o thence_o but_o if_o the_o property_n of_o the_o good_n be_v in_o the_o party_n that_o be_v to_o perform_v the_o arbitrement_n peradventure_o it_o may_v be_v otherwise_o forasmuch_o as_o his_o entry_n be_v lawful_a audita_fw-la quaerela_fw-la a_o statute_n be_v acknowledge_v before_o the_o major_a of_o westminster_n and_o recordor_fw-la of_o london_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n the_o cognizor_n be_v within_o the_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o viz._n 20_o year_n and_o upward_o and_o after_o his_o full_a age_n to_o the_o 23_o d_o he_o bring_v his_o audita_fw-la quaerela_fw-la upon_o this_o matter_n and_o judgement_n that_o he_o take_v nothing_o by_o the_o writ_n because_o it_o can_v not_o then_o be_v try_v by_o inspection_n whether_o he_o be_v within_o age_n or_o not_o and_o the_o form_n of_o the_o writ_n in_o the_o registors_n be_v to_o allege_v that_o he_o still_o be_v within_o age_n audita_fw-la quaerela_fw-la lie_v upon_o nihil_fw-la facias_fw-la but_o not_o upon_o scâ—re_fw-la facias_fw-la 21_o e._n 3._o for_o vigilantibus_fw-la et_fw-la don_fw-mi dormientibus_fw-la subvenient_a leges_fw-la per_fw-la hutton_n mich._n 11_o jacobi_n in_o c._n b._n the_o executor_n of_o the_o conusee_fw-fr release_v to_o the_o conusor_n in_o a_o statute_n merchant_n and_o afterward_o die_v and_o one_o take_v administration_n of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o conusee_fw-fr not_z administer_v and_o have_v execution_n of_o the_o statute_n and_o against_o he_o the_o conusor_n bring_v a_o audita_fw-la quaerela_fw-la trin._n 28_o eliz._n rotulo_fw-la 2136_o in_o c._n b._n avowry_n vide_fw-la replevin_n avowry_n for_o a_o amerciament_n in_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr quia_fw-la presentatum_fw-la fuit_fw-la that_o he_o be_v summon_v and_o come_v not_o and_o allege_n in_o fact_n that_o he_o be_v resident_a &c._n &c._n as_o he_o must_v &c._n &c._n for_o when_o it_o be_v only_a presentatum_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o not_o allege_v in_o fact_n it_o be_v ill_a mo._n pl._n 221._o in_o avowry_n it_o be_v set_v forth_o that_o a_o dean_n and_o chapter_n be_v seize_v in_o jure_fw-la ecclesie_n and_o not_o say_v seize_v in_o fee_n and_o hold_v ill_o for_o they_o may_v be_v seize_v per_fw-la auter_n vie_fw-fr and_o their_o title_n ought_v to_o be_v certain_o set_v forth_o and_o this_o be_v but_o that_o they_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o 99_o year_n per_fw-la dodrige_fw-la if_o it_o have_v be_v that_o they_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o 200_o year_n it_o have_v employ_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n pop._n 163._o latch_n 121._o avowry_n avowry_n for_o damage_n feasant_a and_o show_v a_o lease_n from_o i._n s._n seize_v in_o fee_n the_o plaintiff_n say_v i._o s._n be_v seize_v in_o tail_n and_o conceive_v the_o estate_n to_o himself_o as_o heir_n the_o avowal_n seize_v the_o land_n render_v rend_v and_o that_o he_o have_v accept_v it_o qu._n if_o it_o be_v not_o a_o departure_n 1_o jnst_n 304._o it_o seem_v a_o fortify_v of_o the_o avowry_n and_o so_o not_o sti._n 41._o tailor_n case_n yelv._n 134._o wood_n versus_fw-la haukshind_a i_o cro._n 156._o 2_o cro._n 121._o 3_o cro._n 404_o dy._n 956._o 1_o jnst_n 304_o hob._n 271_o dy._n 103._o 253_o b._n yelv._n 96_o leon._n 32._o 156._o avowry_n on_o a_o new_a grant_n of_o a_o new_a rent-charge_a in_o fee_n the_o plaintiff_n plead_v that_o nothing_o pass_v by_o the_o deed_n it_o be_v a_o ill_a plea_n he_o shall_v have_v say_v that_o he_o do_v not_o grant_v by_o the_o deed_n for_o a_o thing_n not_o in_o esse_fw-la can_v not_o pass_v though_o it_o be_v raise_v by_o the_o deed_n steward_n case_n 2_o leond._n 13._o avowry_n by_o a_o executor_n for_o rent_n reserve_v by_o she_o and_o her_o husband_n upon_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n derive_v out_o of_o a_o lease_n exception_n take_v because_o not_o show_v when_o the_o husband_n die_v so_o it_o appear_v not_o due_a in_o his_o time_n but_o because_o all_o belong_v to_o she_o one_o way_n or_o other_o wellwood_n in_o newman_n latch_n 121_o pop._n 163._o cost_v to_o the_o avowant_n upon_o 7_o h._n 8._o c._n 4_o vide_fw-la common_n et_fw-la commoner_n sect_n 4._o cost_v give_v to_o the_o avowant_n for_o damage-fesant_a by_o 21_o h._n 8._o c._n 19_o cro._n 1._o james_z vers_n tutneg_v 532._o replevin_fw-fr against_o 3_o the_o one_o avow_v and_o the_o other_o 2_o make_v conusance_n and_o judgement_n against_o the_o plaintiff_n but_o reverse_v because_o that_o those_o two_o do_v not_o make_v conusance_n as_o bailiff_n to_o another_o yelv._n owen_n vers_fw-la williams_n 108._o the_o lord_n have_v still_o his_o choice_n to_o avow_v as_o at_o the_o common-law_n but_o if_o he_o will_v take_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o statute_n than_o the_o privity_n on_o both_o side_n be_v remove_v and_o the_o tenant_n shall_v plead_v any_o discharge_n though_o he_o be_v a_o mere_a stranger_n for_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o land_n be_v only_o in_o question_n though_o in_o that_o statute_n 21_o h._n 8._o there_o be_v no_o literal_a provision_n so_o to_o be_v hob._n brown_n vers_fw-la goldsmith_n 108._o avowry_n for_o 5_o l._n and_o 80_o l._n nomine_fw-la poenae_fw-la no_o demand_n of_o the_o rent_n be_v allege_v which_o make_v it_o unsufficient_a for_o the_o penalty_n but_o return_v adjudge_v to_o he_o for_o they_o appear_v to_o the_o court_n to_o be_v several_a hob._n 133_o howel_n vers_fw-la samback_n if_o the_o donee_n alien_n the_o donor_n can_v avow_v upon_o the_o alienee_n keilway_o 130._o b._n prescription_n that_o if_o one_o be_v choose_v constable_n at_o the_o leet_n he_o must_v serve_v himself_o or_o find_v a_o sufficient_a man_n to_o do_v it_o and_o the_o avowant_n say_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v choose_v and_o do_v not_o find_v a_o sufficient_a man_n to_o serve_v upon_o which_o it_o be_v demur_v and_o adjudge_v that_o the_o avowry_n be_v ill_a escot_n vers_fw-la stokes_n 14_o car_n 2._o in_o b._n one_o who_o be_v a_o stranger_n to_o the_o avowry_n shall_v not_o plead_v any_o plea_n but_o horse_n de_fw-fr son_fw-fr fee_fw-mi or_o some_o other_o which_o be_v tantamount_n as_o lord_n and_o tenant_n the_o tenant_n make_v a_o lease_n the_o termor_n shall_v plead_v no_o plea_n but_o horse_n de_fw-fr son_fw-fr fee_fw-mi because_o that_o he_o be_v a_o stranger_n to_o the_o avowry_n and_o he_o can_v have_v a_o writ_n of_o mesne_n because_o it_o be_v a_o maxim_n where_o a_o man_n can_v be_v help_v by_o way_n of_o action_n he_o shall_v be_v aid_v by_o way_n of_o reversion_n he_o that_o be_v a_o stranger_n to_o the_o avowry_n can_v disclaim_v for_o a_o man_n can_v disclaim_v in_o auter_n droit_fw-fr a_o abbot_n can_v disclaim_v nor_o tenant_n in_o tail_n mich._n 9_o e._n 4._o foe_n 34._o hill_n 8_o h._n 5._o disclaimer_n 11._o 26._o if_o a_o man_n have_v common_a by_o especialty_n as_o in_o land_n hold_v of_o i_o the_o rent_n be_v not_o arrear_n if_o i_o take_v the_o beast_n of_o the_o commoner_n i_o do_v he_o wrong_v and_o he_o shall_v recover_v damage_n for_o he_o may_v plead_v rien_fw-fr arrere_fw-la although_o that_o he_o be_v a_o stranger_n to_o the_o avowry_n if_o the_o tenant_n be_v in_o arrearage_n with_o his_o lord_n and_o the_o tenant_n make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n which_o be_v notice_n to_o the_o lord_n in_o this_o case_n the_o lord_n may_v choose_v whether_o he_o will_v take_v he_o for_o his_o tenant_n or_o not_o if_o he_o will_v not_o tender_v he_o his_o arrearage_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v if_o he_o will_v accept_v he_o for_o his_o tenant_n general_o he_o shall_v never_o be_v receive_v to_o avow_v for_o the_o arrearage_n afterward_o but_o if_o the_o tenant_n die_v so_o that_o the_o tenancy_n descend_v to_o his_o son_n or_o that_o the_o tenancy_n be_v recover_v or_o that_o the_o tenant_n have_v forjudge_v the_o mesne_n so_o that_o he_o be_v become_v tenant_n to_o the_o lord_n paramount_n in_o all_o these_o case_n he_o shall_v accept_v they_o for_o his_o tenant_n and_o make_v avowry_n upon_o they_o for_o all_o the_o arrearage_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o they_o be_v become_v tenant_n to_o he_o against_o his_o will._n as_o to_o avowry_n 5_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v know_v 1._o avowry_n upon_o my_o very_a tenant_n where_o the_o lord_n have_v the_o rent_n in_o fee_n simple_a and_o the_o
off_o and_o file_v as_o of_o hillary_n term_n else_o it_o will_v be_v error_n to_o declare_v in_o a_o joint_a action_n upon_o bail_n for_o one_o in_o michaelmas_n and_o the_o other_o in_o hillary_n term_n quod_fw-la concessum_fw-la fuit_fw-la per_fw-la curiam_fw-la if_o a_o captas_fw-la be_v award_v and_o return_v non_fw-la est_fw-la inventus_fw-la against_o the_o principal_a and_o the_o bail_n bring_v he_o not_o in_o if_o the_o principle_n die_v although_o there_o be_v no_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la against_o the_o bail_n yet_o the_o bail_n be_v chargeable_a for_o though_o the_o court_n will_v excuse_v the_o bail_n yet_o the_o bail_n if_o they_o bring_v in_o the_o principle_n before_o the_o return_n of_o the_o second_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la yet_o this_o be_v of_o grace_n and_o not_o of_o necessity_n if_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n be_v arrest_v for_o the_o debt_n of_o the_o wife_n and_o the_o baron_n find_v bail_n for_o himself_o yet_o he_o may_v be_v detain_v until_o â—e_v find_v bail_n for_o his_o wife_n but_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v detain_v until_o find_v bail_n for_o her_o husband_n or_o the_o husband_n for_o himself_o judgement_n be_v give_v against_o one_o in_o the_o kings-bench_n upon_o which_o he_o be_v in_o execution_n and_o have_v another_o judgement_n against_o he_o in_o the_o common-plea_n in_o which_o court_n his_o surety_n to_o save_v their_o bail_n bring_v he_o to_o the_o bar_n by_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la to_o render_v his_o body_n but_o before_o that_o he_o have_v bring_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o the_o kings-bench_n to_o reverse_v the_o judgement_n in_o the_o common-plea_n but_o the_o record_n be_v not_o remove_v in_o this_o case_n the_o court_n say_v when_o a_o man_n come_v in_o to_o save_v his_o bail_n he_o shall_v not_o be_v commit_v if_o the_o party_n do_v not_o pray_v it_o but_o when_o error_n be_v bring_v before_o that_o he_o be_v in_o execution_n it_o be_v a_o supersedeas_fw-la so_o that_o they_o can_v commit_v he_o at_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o party_n and_o waller_n prothonatory_n say_v that_o the_o bail_n be_v to_o render_v his_o body_n so_o that_o the_o party_n may_v take_v it_o in_o execution_n but_o here_o he_o can_v in_o regard_n a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v and_o therefore_o the_o surety_n shall_v be_v discharge_v mith._o 14_o jacobi_n in_o banco_n communi_fw-la in_o the_o common-plea_n the_o bail_n be_v bind_v in_o a_o certain_a sum_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o in_o the_o kings-bench_n and_o when_o a_o man_n enter_v bail_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n in_o a_o cause_n they_o shall_v be_v charge_v in_o all_o suit_n between_o the_o same_o party_n enter_v the_o same_o term._n the_o bail_n shall_v answer_v for_o all_o action_n bring_v the_o same_o term_n against_o the_o party_n for_o who_o he_o be_v bail_n but_o if_o a_o man_n be_v bail_n for_o another_o and_o have_v land_n in_o fee_n and_o he_o declare_v and_o afterward_o the_o bail_n sell_v his_o land_n and_o a_o other_o commence_v a_o suit_n against_o the_o party_n the_o same_o term_n he_o shall_v not_o be_v charge_v with_o the_o other_o action_n cro._n lib_n 2._o foe_n 449._o term._n no_o sci_n '_o hillarii_n anno_fw-la 15_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la one_o gabriel_n mihil_n be_v indebt_v to_o a._n b._n and_o put_v in_o bail_n in_o the_o common-plea_n to_o pay_v the_o same_o and_o afterward_o a._n b._n arrest_v mihil_n in_o london_n for_o the_o same_o debt_n whereupon_o judge_n forster_n the_o other_o judge_n be_v in_o the_o chancery_n award_v a_o attachment_n against_o a._n b._n for_o this_o contempt_n and_o herewith_o agree_v 2_o h._n 7._o hill_n 15_o jac._n in_o c._n b._n bankrupt_a if_o creditor_n after_o a_o commission_n of_o bankrupt_a be_v sue_v forth_o although_o at_o the_o first_o they_o refuse_v yet_o within_o three_o or_o four_o month_n they_o come_v and_o tender_v their_o proportion_n towards_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o commission_n they_o shall_v be_v receive_v to_o have_v their_o part_n as_o the_o other_o creditor_n if_o no_o distribution_n have_v be_v make_v of_o the_o bankrupt_n estate_n before_o the_o commissioner_n of_o a_o bankrupt_a may_v sell_v the_o good_n of_o a_o bankrupt_a although_o the_o bankry_n have_v sell_v they_o or_o dispose_v of_o they_o to_o his_o creditor_n if_o the_o sale_n or_o disposal_n thereof_o be_v after_o he_o become_v a_o bankrupt_a the_o commissioner_n may_v sell_v the_o copyhold_n land_n of_o a_o bankrupt_a for_o and_o towards_o the_o payment_n of_o his_o debt_n by_o deed_n indenâ—ed_v and_o enrol_v declare_v how_o he_o be_v find_v a_o bankrupt_a and_o express_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o creditor_n and_o at_o next_o court_n the_o vendee_fw-mi shall_v be_v admit_v and_o have_v his_o copy_n i._o c._n and_o r._n c._n bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n joint_o upon_o a_o joint_a debt_n assign_v to_o they_o by_o commissioner_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o bankrupt_n and_o it_o be_v say_v by_o the_o whole_a court_n that_o the_o commissioner_n have_v not_o pursue_v their_o authority_n by_o that_o joint_a assignment_n for_o they_o ought_v prorata_fw-la to_o have_v assign_v to_o every_o one_o but_o quere_z if_o the_o joint_a debt_n may_v be_v divide_v among_o the_o creditor_n and_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n say_v that_o a_o custom_n may_v divide_v a_o debt_n and_o then_o à _fw-la fortiori_fw-la a_o act_n of_o parliament_n may_v mich._n 10_o jacobi_n in_o c._n b._n a_o bankrupt_a can_v make_v sale_n of_o any_o of_o his_o good_n after_o he_o become_v bankrupt_a but_o good_n which_o he_o have_v as_o executor_n or_o a_o legacy_n before_o it_o be_v invest_v in_o he_o or_o a_o grant_n of_o a_o reversion_n before_o entry_n all_o these_o shall_v not_o be_v charge_v within_o the_o statute_n but_o if_o a_o man_n sell_v those_o good_n which_o he_o have_v as_o executor_n and_o afterward_o retake_v a_o estate_n to_o himself_o or_o convert_v they_o to_o his_o own_o use_n this_o be_v within_o the_o statute_n per_fw-la dom_n coke_n et_fw-la alios_fw-la justice_n '_o pasch_fw-mi 9_o jac._n in_o come_v banco_n a_o man_n shall_v not_o forfeit_v those_o good_n which_o he_o have_v as_o executor_n by_o outlary_n ib._n barr._n a_o man_n may_v be_v bar_v pro_fw-la tempore_fw-la and_o yet_o afterward_o he_o shall_v have_v his_o action_n in_o debt_n against_o a_o executor_n he_o plead_v plene_fw-la administravit_fw-la and_o so_o it_o be_v find_v the_o plaintiff_n shall_v be_v bar_v and_o yet_o if_o good_n come_v to_o his_o hand_n which_o be_v the_o testator_n he_o shall_v have_v a_o writ_n of_o debt_n the_o same_o law_n in_o debt_n against_o a_o heir_n who_o plead_v riens_fw-la per_fw-la descent_n which_o be_v find_v so_o and_o afterward_o he_o have_v land_n by_o descent_n etc._n etc._n in_o formedon_n the_o tenant_n plead_v the_o warranty_n of_o the_o ancestor_n of_o the_o demandant_n with_o that_o that_o he_o have_v asset_n by_o descent_n he_o plead_v that_o he_o have_v nothing_o and_o it_o be_v find_v that_o he_o have_v he_o be_v bar_v to_o plead_v a_o thing_n by_o way_n of_o bar_n or_o estoppel_n which_o the_o demandant_n or_o plaintiff_n be_v to_o defeat_v or_o destroy_v by_o the_o usageof_o his_o action_n be_v no_o good_a plea_n as_o in_o attaint_n bring_v upon_o a_o verdict_n de_fw-fr nativo_fw-la habendo_fw-la villeinage_n be_v no_o plea_n also_o where_o reversion_n and_o rent_n plead_v for_o asset_n be_v not_o asset_n there_o the_o heir_n be_v to_o defeat_v the_o asset_n if_o a_o man_n sue_v a_o prohibition_n and_o the_o defendant_n allege_v excommunication_n in_o the_o plaintiff_n he_o may_v say_v it_o be_v for_o the_o same_o cause_n if_o a_o villain_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n upon_o judgement_n have_v in_o nativo_fw-la habendo_fw-la villeinage_n be_v no_o plea_n where_o a_o man_n plead_v a_o recovery_n in_o barr_n he_o ought_v to_o add_v more_o to_o it_o or_o otherwise_o the_o recovery_n be_v no_o barr._n and_o that_o be_v where_o the_o tenant_n plead_v a_o recovery_n by_o default_n against_o the_o demandant_n he_o ought_v to_o add_v more_o to_o it_o viz._n with_o that_o that_o he_o will_v aver_v that_o he_o be_v tenant_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o recovery_n the_o same_o law_n if_o tenant_n in_o praecipe_n quòd_fw-la reddat_fw-la will_v plead_v a_o recovery_n in_o a_o writ_n of_o cozenage_n by_o default_n he_o ought_v to_o show_v how_o he_o be_v cousin_n also_o if_o the_o tenant_n will_v plead_v a_o recovery_n in_o a_o writ_n of_o right_n against_o the_o demandant_n by_o default_n he_o ought_v to_o show_v of_o what_o possession_n his_o writ_n of_o right_o be_v conceive_v but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v if_o he_o will_v plead_v a_o recovery_n in_o formedon_n by_o action_n try_v this_o recovery_n be_v a_o good_a bar_n without_o add_v any_o thing_n more_o to_o it_o where_o note_v the_o diversity_n where_o a_o man_n
two_o person_n have_v several_a interest_n in_o land_n acknowledge_v the_o note_n of_o a_o fine_a before_o a_o judge_n and_o then_o one_o of_o they_o die_v the_o conusee_fw-fr may_n for_o all_o that_o proceed_v with_o his_o fine_a against_o the_o other_o alone_o for_o the_o death_n of_o the_o other_o be_v no_o impediment_n for_o the_o conusans_a of_o every_o one_o be_v against_o himself_o and_o shall_v work_v for_o so_o much_o as_o he_o can_v pass_v a_o man_n and_o his_o wife_n acknowledge_v a_o note_n of_o a_o fine_a before_o commissioner_n the_o 26_o the_o of_o march_n by_o dedimus_fw-la potestatem_fw-la and_o the_o wife_n die_v 27_o the_o of_o the_o same_o month_n and_o the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o 28_o the_o composition_n be_v make_v in_o the_o alâ—enation-office_n upon_o a_o writ_n of_o covenant_n retornable_a in_o hillary_n term_v before_o and_o the_o king_n silver_n be_v enter_v as_o of_o the_o same_o hillary_n term_n and_o so_o the_o fine_a be_v past_a and_o ingross_v and_o in_o easter_n term_v the_o heir_n of_o the_o wife_n move_v against_o the_o fine_a but_o upon_o debate_v it_o be_v agree_v the_o fine_a shall_v stand_v tenant_n in_o tail_n levy_n a_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n and_o 5_o year_n pass_v in_o his_o life-time_n yet_o this_o shall_v not_o bar_n his_o issue_n a_o man_n of_o full_a age_n and_o his_o wife_n be_v but_o 19_o levy_n a_o the_o fine_a of_o inheritance_n of_o the_o wife_n whereby_o a_o estate_n be_v convey_v to_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n in_o tail_n and_o the_o remainder_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o wife_n and_o many_o exception_n take_v against_o the_o proceed_n by_o the_o heir_n to_o the_o wife_n inheritance_n viz._n i._o s._n as_o that_o the_o say_v feme_fw-fr be_v not_o of_o full_a age_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o fine_a levy_v and_o other_o undue_a mean_n commit_v in_o get_v out_o the_o son_n yet_o by_o the_o whole_a court_n the_o fine_a be_v hold_v good_a law_n for_o facta_fw-la valent_fw-la multa_fw-la que_fw-la fieri_fw-la prohibentur_fw-la if_o there_o be_v tenant_n for_o life_n the_o remander_n in_o fee_n to_o a_o infant_n and_o they_o both_o levy_v a_o fine_a and_o afterward_o as_o to_o the_o infant_n the_o fine_a be_v reverse_v yet_o the_o conusee_fw-fr shall_v have_v the_o land_n for_o the_o life_n of_o the_o tenant_n for_o each_o may_v pass_v and_o give_v what_o he_o lawful_o may_v if_o there_o be_v two_o jointenant_n and_o one_o of_o they_o suffer_v a_o recovery_n declare_v the_o use_n of_o the_o whole_a this_o shall_v bind_v but_o only_o a_o moiety_n unless_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o other_o jointenant_fw-fr can_v be_v prove_v heir_n if_o a_o heir_n be_v sue_v upon_o a_o bond_n and_o land_n be_v prove_v to_o descend_v unto_o he_o from_o his_o ancestor_n you_o must_v have_v a_o special_a writ_n to_o inquire_v what_o those_o land_n be_v worth_a to_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n at_o a_o reasonable_a extent_n and_o price_n and_o if_o the_o heir_n confess_v the_o action_n and_o show_v what_o land_n come_v to_o he_o by_o descent_n then_o his_o body_n and_o all_o other_o his_o land_n and_o good_n and_o chattel_n be_v free_a from_o that_o execution_n but_o if_o he_o deny_v the_o action_n and_o plead_v riens_fw-la per_fw-la descent_n or_o it_o go_v by_o default_n against_o he_o than_o execution_n shall_v be_v against_o body_n good_n or_o other_o land_n and_o the_o declaration_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o debet_fw-la and_o detinet_fw-la as_o though_o it_o be_v his_o proper_a debt_n outlawry_n and_o outlaw_n ovtlawry_n be_v plead_v in_o bar_n and_o day_n give_v before_o when_o the_o defendant_n reverse_v it_o the_o defendant_n shall_v not_o be_v condemn_v for_o failer_z of_o record_n but_o respondouster_n green_a against_o gascogne_n vide_fw-la title_n failer_z of_o record_n yel_n 36._o outlawry_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n reverse_v by_o error_n in_o the_o same_o court_n but_o that_o be_v for_o error_n in_o fact_n not_o in_o law_n as_o if_o no_o outlawry_n lay_v in_o the_o case_n and_o if_o process_n of_o outlawry_n lie_v in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o turn_v a_o watercourse_n vide_fw-la p._n 10._o h._n 7._o pl._n 15._o dy._n 195._o b._n 196._o original_a in_o debt_n call_v the_o defendant_n nuper_fw-la de_fw-fr lond._n exig_n call_v he_o de_fw-fr lond._n be_v erroneous_a for_o it_o must_v pursue_v the_o original_a without_o variance_n and_o the_o original_a be_v against_o lancelot_n the_o exigent_n be_v against_o lancelot_n ill_o 3_o cro._n 49._o vid._n 50_o 95._o 104._o 116._o 172._o error_n of_o a_o judgement_n in_o debt_n and_o outlaw_o 2._o on_o it_o against_o 2._o where_o the_o sheriff_n return_v quod_fw-la non_fw-la habent_fw-la bona_fw-la out_o catalla_fw-la quod_fw-la summon_n '_o potuer_n it_o shall_v have_v be_v per_fw-la quod_fw-la etc._n etc._n 2._o it_o shall_v be_v nec_fw-la eorum_fw-la aliquis_fw-la het_fw-mi '_o 3._o the_o original_a be_v against_o lancelot_n a._n and_o the_o exigent_n be_v against_o lancelot_n a._n 4._o it_o be_v say_v in_o hastings_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v in_o hustingis_n de_fw-fr com._n plac_fw-la &_o revocetur_fw-la lancelot_n vers_fw-la '_o jones_n 3._o cro._n 50._o a_o outlawry_n be_v reverse_v because_o it_o be_v against_o lewellin_n with_o a_o single_a l_o and_o now_o the_o mean_a process_n against_o llewellin_n with_o a_o double_a will_v and_o it_o be_v against_o two_o and_o return_v quod_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la inventi_fw-la and_o not_o nec_fw-la eorum_fw-la aliquis_fw-la llewellin_n against_o watkins_n vide_fw-la m._n 2._o r._n 3_o 4_o 13._o pl._n 16._o 3_o cro._n 85._o 104._o 49._o 50._o 116._o 198._o 240._o 248._o 205._o m._n 21._o h._n 7._o pl._n 37._o exigent_n name_v no_o place_n where_o the_o sheriff_n be_v to_o have_v the_o body_n and_o that_o adjudge_v error_n to_o reverse_v the_o outlawry_n for_o the_o sheriff_n can_v tell_v in_o what_o county_n to_o carry_v he_o cesar_n against_o stone_n 3_o cro._n 104._o outlawry_n reverse_v because_o the_o party_n be_v indict_v in_o com._n somerset_n and_o suppose_v to_o be_v of_o london_n and_o the_o capias_fw-la award_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o somerset_n where_o it_o ought_v to_o go_v to_o the_o county_n where_o he_o live_v rorset_n case_n 3_o cro._n 179._o vid._n dy._n 295._o b._n vid._n m._n 1_o e._n 4._o pl._n 2._o one_o outlaw_v of_o felony_n assign_v his_o term_n and_o then_o reverse_v the_o outlawry_n the_o grantee_n shall_v maintain_v trespass_n for_o the_o profit_v take_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n between_o the_o assignment_n and_o the_o reversal_n of_o the_o outlawry_n for_o though_o it_o be_v then_o the_o king_n be_v yet_o it_o be_v now_o as_o if_o no_o outlawry_n have_v be_v at_o all_o ognell_n case_n 3_o cro._n 270._o vide_fw-la 218._o accord_n outlawry_n be_v not_o reverse_v but_o by_o plead_v without_o writ_n of_o error_n per_fw-la tot_fw-la cur._n though_o there_o be_v apparent_a fault_n in_o it_o 3_o cro._n 274._o vide_fw-la co._n 1._o inst_z 259._o b._n one_o be_v outlaw_v and_o have_v his_o term_n sell_v and_o then_o reverse_v the_o outlawry_n he_o shall_v be_v restore_v to_o the_o term_n itself_o not_o the_o money_n otherwise_o if_o sell_v on_o a_o fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la etc._n etc._n quod_fw-la vide_fw-la plus_fw-la title_n exec._n eyre_n against_o woodfare_n 3_o cro._n 778._o co._n 5._o rep._n 90._o b._n 1._o acc._n pl._n 285._o in_o debt_n against_o a_o executor_n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o the_o testator_n be_v outlaw_v and_o doubt_v if_o a_o good_a plea_n because_o the_o testator_n may_v have_v some_o good_n not_o forfeit_v by_o outlawry_n as_o simple_a contract_n etc._n etc._n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n such_o special_a ass_n shall_v not_o be_v intend_v to_o com._n next_o he_o have_v nothing_o wooley_n against_o brade_n 3_o cro._n 575._o 851._o outlawry_n reverse_v because_o the_o writ_n be_v testae_fw-la edmund_n anderson_n so_o want_v a_o title_n have_v no_o testae_fw-la which_o be_v the_o warrant_n of_o it_o growdy_n and_o juham_n 3_o cro._n 592._o judgement_n against_o two_o in_o debt_n c._n and_o b_o and_o capias_fw-la only_o against_o one_o and_o he_o outlaw_v whereupon_o be_v bring_v error_n and_o reverse_v it_o because_o the_o capin_n shall_v have_v go_v against_o both_o also_o it_o be_v not_o per_n judiâ—_n '_o coron_n '_o beverly_n against_o beverly_n 3_o cro._n 648._o debt_n against_o the_o sheriff_n on_o a_o escape_n where_o the_o case_n be_v that_o the_o party_n be_v outlaw_v after_o judgement_n reverse_v it_o by_o error_n within_o the_o year_n and_o because_o he_o assign_v not_o any_o error_n the_o plaintiff_n take_v out_o a_o capias_fw-la utlegatum_fw-la and_o the_o sheriff_n take_v he_o and_o let_v he_o go_v and_o resolve_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o in_o co._n 1._o report_n of_o this_o case_n the_o difference_n be_v take_v of_o a_o outlawry_n
to_o cut_v beech_n be_v waste_v lop_n oak_n ash_n or_o elm_n or_o any_o thing_n to_o prejudice_v tree_n be_v waste_v make_v charcoal_n of_o wood_n be_v waste_v felling_n timber_n to_o repair_v voluntary_a waist_n be_v double_a waist_n to_o dig_v for_o gravel_n stone_n etc._n etc._n be_v waste_v unless_o for_o reparation_n of_o the_o house_n to_o suffer_v a_o sea-wall_n or_o against_o a_o river_n to_o decay_v be_v waste_v to_o take_v timber_n etc._n etc._n to_o make_v new_a fence_n be_v waste_v tenant_n cut_v tree_n for_o repair_n and_o sell_v they_o though_o he_o buy_v they_o again_o and_o employ_v they_o it_o be_v waste_a burn_v a_o house_n by_o negligence_n or_o mischance_n be_v waste_v 1_o inst_z 53._o 40._o e._n 3._o 15._o b._n willow_n cut_v in_o view_n of_o the_o house_n be_v waste_v 40_o e._n 3._o 25._o b._n so_o to_o cut_v hasel_n in_o a_o wood_n where_o there_o be_v no_o other_o timber_n if_o one_o grant_v in_o his_o leaf_n that_o be_v shall_v be_v redress_v by_o neihgbour_n and_o not_o by_o plea_n yet_o he_o may_v bring_v a_o action_n of_o waste_v for_o the_o place_n waste_v be_v not_o otherwise_o recoverable_a 1_o inst_z 53._o a._n if_o the_o tenant_n repair_v house_n before_o any_o action_n of_o waste_v be_v bring_v the_o action_n of_o waste_v be_v not_o maintainable_a but_o he_o must_v not_o plead_v quòd_fw-la non_fw-la fecit_fw-la vastum_fw-la but_o the_o special_a matter_n 38_o ass_n 1_o reparation_n after_o the_o writ_n bring_v not_o pend_v the_o action_n seem_v not_o plea_n 1_o inst_z 55._o d._n none_o shall_v have_v waist_n unless_o he_o have_v the_o immediate_a inheritance_n yet_o a_o other_o may_v join_v with_o he_o against_o tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n with_o the_o survive_a partner_n joyntenant_n for_o life_n with_o he_o that_o have_v the_o fee_n where_o the_o estate_n be_v determinable_a the_o be_v be_v general_a as_o tail_n become_v tail_n after_o possibility_n etc._n etc._n the_o heir_n can_v have_v it_o of_o waste_v in_o his_o ancestor_n time_n nor_o a_o bishop_n of_o his_o predecessor_n nor_o shall_v executor_n be_v punish_v for_o testator_n waste_v aunt_n and_o niece_n may_v join_v 45_o e._n 3._o 8._o b._n gift_n to_o two_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o one_o he_o that_o have_v fee_fw-mi can_v have_v waste_v against_o his_o joyntenant_n but_o his_o heir_n may_v if_o be_v after_o if_o the_o other_o survive_v if_o the_o reversion_n be_v not_o continue_v in_o the_o same_o it_o be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o waist_n do_v the_o action_n be_v go_v though_o take_v back_o again_o 1_o inst_z 53._o d._n be_v lie_v against_o tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n and_o in_o dower_n though_o they_o have_v assign_v unless_o the_o reversioner_n have_v assign_v also_o all_o other_o shall_v answer_v for_o their_o own_o waist_n unless_o guardian_n and_o if_o the_o guardian_n assign_v it_o lie_v against_o the_o assignee_n guardian_n shall_v not_o answer_v waist_n by_o a_o other_o because_o it_o be_v penal_a unless_o he_o be_v joynt-guardian_n if_o one_o recover_v against_o he_o under_o age_n he_o recover_v the_o land_n else_o only_a damage_n infant_n feme_fw-fr covert_n etc._n etc._n shall_v answer_v be_v etc._n etc._n do_v by_o stranger_n and_o she_o for_o her_o husband_n co._n 1._o inst_z 53_o b._n 54._o a._n husband_n tenant_n for_o life_n in_o his_o wife_n right_o do_v waste_v she_o die_v it_o be_v dispunishable_a but_o if_o tenant_n for_o year_n in_o she_o right_o not_o because_o the_o marriage_n be_v a_o gift_n of_o it_o to_o he_o tenant_n for_o life_n grant_v his_o estate_n on_o condition_n grantee_n do_v waste_v grantor_n enter_v be_v lie_v against_o the_o grantee_n and_o the_o place_n shall_v be_v recover_v lord_n not_o punishable_a for_o waste_v do_v by_o his_o villain_n before_o entry_n occupant_a punishable_a general_o or_o special_o tenant_n afsign_n and_o take_v the_o profit_n waist_n lie_v against_o the_o tenant_n be_v do_v sparsim_fw-la in_o wood_n or_o house_n all_o be_v to_o be_v recover_v no_o action_n of_o waist_n lie_v against_o guardian_n in_o socage_n but_o trespass_n or_o account_n 3_o cro._n 357._o if_o lessee_n take_v tree_n etc._n etc._n to_o repair_v house_n it_o be_v not_o waist_n though_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o repair_v they_o as_o his_o lessor_n covenant_v to_o repair_v they_o for_o if_o it_o be_v sans_o impeachment_n of_o waist_n for_o the_o house_n as_o the_o house_n be_v ruinous_a at_o his_o entry_n and_o this_o for_o that_o favour_n the_o law_n give_v to_o house_n of_o habitation_n co._n 1._o inst_z 54._o b._n a._n dyer_n 194._o 198._o b._n brook_n 463._o tit._n be_v lease_n of_o land_n he_o may_v dig_v in_o open_a mine_n and_o if_o it_o be_v of_o land_n and_o mine_n if_o any_o be_v not_o open_a he_o can_v open_v none_o new_a but_o if_o none_o be_v then_o open_o he_o may_v open_v new_a one_o co._n 1._o inst_z 54._o b._n 5_o r._n 1._o 2._o tenant_n for_o life_n make_v feoffment_n waist_n be_v do_v it_o be_v upon_o condition_n lessee_n enter_v for_o condition_n break_v lessor_n shall_v have_v waist_n so_o successor_n of_o a_o bishop_n shall_v have_v be_v on_o his_o predecessor_n lease_n for_o waste_v do_v in_o time_n of_o vacation_n so_o if_o lessee_n for_o life_n be_v disseise_v and_o waste_v do_v if_o he_o enter_v he_o shall_v be_v charge_n able_a for_o the_o rest_n yet_o in_o none_o of_o these_o case_n have_v the_o lessor_n any_o reversion_n in_o he_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o waist_n as_o regular_o he_o ought_v but_o these_o case_n stand_v upon_o their_o particular_a reason_n 1_o inst_z 13._o b._n the_o aunt_n and_o niece_n join_v in_o action_n of_o waste_v do_v in_o the_o old_a sister_n life_n the_o aunt_n alone_o recover_v the_o damage_n co._n 1._o inst_z 233._o b._n tenant_n for_o life_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n and_o enter_v upon_o his_o lessee_n and_o consent_n to_o a_o recovery_n in_o waste_v against_o he_o the_o lessee_n for_o year_n shall_v be_v for_o ever_o exclude_v for_o of_o necessity_n the_o place_n waste_v must_v be_v recover_v but_o if_o he_o have_v grant_v a_o rend_a charge_n and_o commit_v waste_v and_o the_o land_n recover_v the_o rent_n have_v continue_v co._n 1._o inst_z 233._o b._n perkins_n 844._o tenant_n for_o life_n do_v waste_v and_o grant_v over_o his_o estate_n lessor_n release_v all_o waist_n to_o the_o grantee_n it_o shall_v discharge_v the_o lessee_n idem_fw-la of_o tenant_n in_o dower_n or_o by_o the_o courtesy_n for_o beside_o the_o privity_n that_o endure_v if_o the_o lessor_n shall_v maintain_v his_o action_n he_o shall_v recover_v locum_fw-la vastatum_fw-la against_o the_o grantee_n contrary_a to_o his_o own_o release_n co._n 1._o inst_z 269._o b._n lessee_n do_v waste_v and_o then_o surrender_v it_o be_v say_v the_o lessor_n shall_v maitain_v waist_n but_o the_o book_n seem_v to_o be_v misprint_v and_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v shall_v not_o maintain_v etc._n etc._n for_o by_o his_o own_o act_n he_o have_v determine_v his_o action_n in_o part_n co._n 1._o inst_z 285._o &_o 5_o rep._n 12._o b._n be_v bring_v against_o tenant_n pur_fw-mi auter_n vie_fw-fr in_o ass_n he_o die_v pend_v the_o writ_n it_o shall_v not_o abate_v but_o proceed_v for_o the_o damage_n because_o alter_v by_o act_n in_o law_n but_o if_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr tenant_n in_o tail_n special_a bring_v waste_v and_o she_o die_v without_o issue_n pendent_fw-la brevi_fw-la so_o as_o the_o husband_n become_v tenant_n in_o tail_n apres_fw-fr possibility_n d'issue_n extinct_a it_o shall_v abate_v because_o all_o waist_n must_v be_v ad_fw-la exheredationem_fw-la and_o note_v that_o release_v of_o action_n real_a bar_n waist_n and_o so_o do_v action_n personal_a for_o he_o shall_v not_o apportion_v his_o own_o action_n co._n 1._o inst_z 285._o a._n one_o devise_v land_n by_o the_o general_a word_n bosc_n '_o maherem_n '_o miner_n '_o carbon_n '_o in_o tam_fw-la amplis_fw-la modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la as_o the_o lessee_n habuit_fw-la or_o habere_fw-la potuit_fw-la the_o lessee_n open_v a_o mine_n and_o cut_v tree_n to_o use_v about_o it_o the_o cut_n be_v waste_v for_o the_o tree_n be_v not_o grant_v it_o be_v a_o lease_n nor_o do_v they_o pass_v as_o incident_a to_o the_o mine_n it_o not_o be_v open_a and_o hobard_v hold_n that_o if_o the_o mine_n have_v be_v open_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o lease_n it_o have_v be_v waist_n hobard_v 234._o darcy_n against_o ashwich_n hutton_n 190._o 191._o lessee_n can_v change_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n devise_v and_o therefore_o not_o turn_v meadow_n into_o arable_a or_o wood_n into_o pasture_n dry_v up_o a_o ancient_a pool_n suffer_v a_o park_n pale_a to_o decay_v destroy_v a_o stock_n of_o deer_n fish_n etc._n etc._n but_o may_v better_v a_o thing_n in_o the_o same_o kind_n and_o therefore_o may_v
dy._n negate_fw-la tenant_n for_o life_n remainder_n for_o life_n be_v be_v do_v he_o in_o remainder_n surrender_n waste_v lie_n co._n 5._o rep._n 76._o b._n mo._n pl._n 64._o co._n 5._o rep._n 76._o b._n 2_o cro._n 68_o b._n tenant_n in_o common_a can_v join_v in_o waste_v in_o the_o tenet_n but_o joynt-tenant_n or_o parcener_n may_v and_o also_o tenant_n in_o common_a in_o the_o tenuit_fw-la be_v only_o to_o recover_v damage_n ibid._n mo._n f._n 383._o mo._n pl._n 110._o 127._o he_o in_o reversion_n by_o way_n of_o use_n bring_v waist_n against_o the_o feme_fw-fr tenant_n for_o life_n of_o the_o same_o use_n she_o plead_v that_o the_o place_n be_v leave_v so_o ruinous_a at_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n quod_fw-la reparare_fw-la non_fw-la potuit_fw-la and_o adjudge_v a_o good_a plea_n mo._n pl._n 158._o be_v assign_v in_o permit_v sea-wall_n to_o be_v ruin_v whereby_o etc._n etc._n if_o not_o do_v by_o sudden_a violence_n as_o if_o a_o small_a breach_n be_v and_o he_o permit_v it_o grow_v great_a it_o seem_v waste_v et_fw-la per_fw-la omnes_fw-la the_o permit_v decay_n in_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n be_v waste_v mo._n 173._o 187._o 200._o dower_n tenant_n plead_v ne_fw-la unque_fw-la seisie_fw-fr que_fw-fr dower_n and_o issue_n of_o it_o demandant_n pray_v a_o writ_n of_o etrepement_n because_o great_a part_n of_o his_o coppice_n wood_n and_o the_o husband_n die_v not_o seize_v so_o she_o can_v have_v damage_n yet_o it_o seem_v etrepement_n lie_v not_o because_o damage_n lie_v in_o the_o action_n mo._n pl._n 186._o be_v and_o the_o writ_n be_v quod_fw-la fecit_fw-la vastum_fw-la in_o terr'_fw-it in_o the_o count_n assign_v waste_v in_o cut_v tree_n and_o adjudge_v it_o maintain_v not_o the_o write_v but_o if_o it_o have_v be_v assign_v of_o dig_v clay_n etc._n etc._n it_o have_v mo._n pl._n 200._o waste_o and_o count_n of_o waste_o do_v contra_fw-la prohibitionem_fw-la after_o the_o estrepement_n sue_v upon_o a_o formedon_n defendant_n plead_v quod_fw-la non_fw-la fuit_fw-la vastum_fw-la contra_fw-la prohibitionem_fw-la issue_n verdict_n and_o judgement_n pro_fw-la querente_fw-la mo._n pl._n 1._o or_o 245._o it_o be_v waste_o to_o take_v away_o a_o partition_n etc._n etc._n fix_v by_o the_o lessee_n to_o the_o freehold_n sic_fw-la of_o bench_n or_o glass-window_n to_o take_v away_o door_n of_o the_o house_n if_o they_o be_v outer_a door_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o house_n not_o in_o ward_n for_o separation_n of_o chamber_n mo._n pl._n 315._o one_o that_o have_v power_n to_o make_v a_o jointure_n of_o three_o part_n make_v her_o jointure_n of_o a_o three_o part_n undivided_a and_o this_o hold_v by_o popham_n not_o according_a to_o the_o power_n which_o be_v to_o be_v sans_o impeachment_n of_o waist_n and_o against_o the_o tenant_n in_o common_a waist_n lie_v not_o so_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v do_v in_o severalty_n by_o popham_n foe_n 374._o but_o that_o be_v deny_v by_o mo._n foe_n 387._o 388._o and_o that_o waist_n lie_v against_o the_o tenant_n in_o common_a of_o a_o three_o part_n also_o by_o popham_n the_o proviso_n be_v to_o do_v it_o sans_o impeachment_n etc._n etc._n and_o he_o make_v a_o estate_n for_o life_n with_o remainder_n it_o be_v disjunctive_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o remainder_n whereto_o more_o answer_n that_o it_o be_v but_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o law_n not_o the_o word_n of_o the_o party_n and_o then_o remainder_n be_v create_v before_o so_o he_o must_v make_v it_o by_o operation_n of_o law_n sans_o impeachment_n etc._n etc._n or_o make_v none_o also_o it_o be_v not_o eadem_fw-la sans_o impeachment_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o remainder_n do_v at_o present_a hinder_v the_o action_n and_o it_o be_v not_o like_a case_n upon_o 32_o h._n 8._o there_o tenant_n in_o tail_n shall_v not_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o three_o life_n in_o possession_n so_o another_o way_n to_o satisfy_v the_o statute_n perrot_n case_n mo._n pl._n 506._o tenant_n for_o life_n remainder_n for_o life_n though_o be_v in_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n be_v dispunishable_a yet_o the_o chancery_n will_v by_o injunction_n bound_v he_o to_o do_v no_o waist_n and_o such_o a_o precedent_n cite_v temps_fw-fr r._n 2._o mo._n pl._n 748._o error_n to_o reverse_v a_o recovery_n in_o lancaster_n and_o pendent_a it_o a_o writ_n of_o estrepement_n grant_v and_o so_o resolve_v it_o be_v grantable_a in_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la holland_n etc._n etc._n against_o jackson_n and_o ogden_n &_o sic_fw-la vid._n 2_o h._n 6._o 13._o estrepement_n grant_v in_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la on_o a_o judgement_n in_o a_o formedon_n mo._n pl._n 850._o resolve_v that_o great_a birch_n be_v use_v in_o the_o country_n as_o timber_n and_o esteem_v in_o law_n as_o timber_n and_o it_o be_v waist_n in_o the_o particular_a tenant_n to_o cut_v they_o and_o so_o in_o cro._n be_v black_a thorn_n in_o some_o country_n countess_z of_o cumberland_n case_n mo._n pl._n 1099._o 1_o cro._n 283._o 2_o cro._n 126._o write_v of_o waste_v in_o two_o town_n count_n of_o waste_v in_o three_o town_n ill_o but_o è_fw-la contra_fw-la if_o less_o be_v in_o the_o count_n than_o be_v in_o the_o writ_n it_o be_v good_a pro_fw-la tanto_fw-la earl_n of_o cumberland_n against_o countess_n dowager_n cumberland_n mo._n pl._n 1185._o to_o convert_v a_o horse_n mill_n to_o a_o hand_n mill_n or_o a_o corn_n mill_n to_o a_o full_a mill_n be_v though_o it_o be_v better_a for_o the_o reversion_n and_o the_o reason_n seem_v because_o it_o alter_v the_o evidence_n city_n of_o london_n against_o groyme_n mo._n pl._n 1230._o 2_o cro._n 182._o lessee_n covenant_n to_o repair_v at_o his_o own_o cost_n and_o the_o house_n be_v out_o of_o reparation_n put_v timber_n on_o the_o land_n to_o do_v it_o and_o hold_v a_o bar_n for_o the_o covenant_n take_v not_o from_o he_o the_o liberty_n the_o law_n give_v he_o but_o it_o seem_v the_o court_n be_v of_o another_o opinion_n mo._n pl._n 80._o vid._n dy._n 196._o b._n 314._o a._n lease_n except_o tree_n lessor_n grant_v and_o sell_v the_o tree_n to_o lessee_n he_o cut_v they_o resolve_v first_o lessee_n have_v but_o special_a property_n in_o tree_n till_o sever_v and_o then_o lessor_n may_v take_v they_o be_v it_o by_o wind_n or_o wilful_o unless_o doatard_n second_o sans_o impeachment_n of_o waist_n give_v no_o interest_n but_o that_o be_v contra_fw-la to_o co._n 11._o rep._n 82._o 83._o popham_n 195._o dyer_n 184._o b._n three_o such_o interest_n have_v lessee_n in_o timber_n of_o house_n if_o blow_v down_o to_o take_v to_o rebuild_v but_o if_o he_o pull_v they_o down_o lessor_n may_v take_v it_o four_o by_o the_o sale_n of_o tree_n to_o the_o lessee_n they_o be_v not_o so_o reunite_v but_o the_o lessee_n be_v absolute_a owner_n of_o they_o for_o he_o have_v not_o a_o equal_a interest_n in_o they_o and_o the_o land_n to_o extinguish_v as_o if_o feoffor_o sell_v the_o tree_n to_o feoffee_n five_o be_v may_v be_v in_o glass_n though_o in_o the_o lessee'_v own_o set_n up_o fix_v by_o nail_n or_o otherwise_o and_o so_o in_o wainscot_n set_v up_o by_o the_o lessor_n or_o lessee_n and_o fasten_v either_o by_o nail_n or_o otherwise_o to_o remove_v it_o if_o nail_v harlakenden_n case_n co._n 4._o rep._n 62._o 63._o 64._o lessee_n devise_v the_o term_n executor_n do_v waste_v and_o then_o assent_v to_o the_o legacy_n be_v lie_v against_o they_o in_o the_o tenuit_fw-la and_o so_o if_o the_o grantee_n on_o condition_n do_v waste_v and_o then_o the_o grantor_n enter_v for_o the_o condition_n yet_o be_v in_o the_o tenuit_fw-la lie_v against_o the_o assignee_n on_o condition_n and_o if_o the_o lessee_n unlawful_o open_v a_o mine_n and_o not_o that_o term_n except_o mine_n if_o after_o the_o assignee_n dig_v in_o it_o it_o be_v waist_n in_o he_o though_o the_o first_o begin_v it_o for_o the_o exception_n be_v void_a and_o resolve_v first_o lessee_n may_v dig_v in_o mine_n open_v before_o not_o open_o new_a second_o if_o it_o be_v of_o the_o land_n and_o all_o mine_n he_o may_v open_v new_a mine_n sanders_n case_n co._n 5._o r._n 12._o b._n be_v lie_v against_o a_o occupant_a for_o he_o be_v within_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n for_o he_o hold_v pur_fw-mi term_n de_fw-fr auter_n vie_fw-fr and_o it_o be_v against_o all_o tenant_n for_o life_n but_o it_o lie_v not_o against_o tenant_n by_o elegit_fw-la statute_n merchant_n for_o they_o hold_v not_o but_o come_v in_o by_o act_n in_o law_n co._n 6._o r._n 37._o b._n lessee_n for_o year_n sans_o impeachment_n of_o waste_v accept_v a_o confirmation_n for_o life_n the_o privilege_n be_v go_v because_o the_o estate_n whereto_o it_o be_v annex_v be_v remove_v co._n 8._o r._n 76._o b._n if_o the_o sheriff_n go_v and_o see_v the_o place_n waste_v and_o cause_v the_o jury_n to_o have_v the_o view_n he_o may_v
make_v a_o feoffment_n on_o condition_n waste_o be_v do_v and_o he_o enter_v for_o the_o condition_n lessor_n shall_v have_v waist_n for_n if_o lessee_n of_o a_o bishop_n commit_v waste_v in_o time_n of_o vacancy_n the_o successor_n shall_v have_v the_o action_n so_o if_o tenant_n for_o life_n be_v disseise_v and_o waist_n be_v do_v and_o the_o tenant_n re-enter_v lessor_n shall_v have_v waist_n yet_o he_o have_v no_o reversion_n note_v it_o be_v no_o plea_n for_o lessee_n in_o waist_n to_o say_v general_o that_o lessor_n have_v no_o reversion_n etc._n etc._n but_o must_v show_v how_o he_o lose_v it_o but_o in_o waist_n by_o assignee_n of_o the_o reversion_n such_o plea_n general_a be_v good_a vid._n 39_o e._n 3._o 19_o 20._o be_v by_o successor_n of_o a_o bishop_n or_o waste_v do_v in_o the_o predecessor_n time_n quaere_fw-la sc_fw-la bon_fw-fr for_o lay_v ad_fw-la exheredationem_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la co._n 1._o inst_z 356._o a._n vid._n 1._o h._n 4._o 26._o opinion_n that_o successor_n of_o a_o abbot_n or_o prior_n shall_v have_v waist_n for_o waste_v do_v in_o the_o predecessor_n time_n or_o if_o a_o bishop_n parson_n etc._n etc._n that_o can_v make_v executor_n vid._n 71_o e._n 3._o 53._o b._n 43_o e_o 3._o 8._o 49_o e._n 3._o 26._o successor_n of_o a_o abbot_n not_o chargeable_a for_o waste_v of_o a_o predecessor_n in_o waist_n if_o the_o plaintiff_n reversion_n determine_v either_o before_o or_o pendent_a the_o suit_n his_o action_n be_v go_v but_o if_o it_o be_v pendent_fw-la the_o suit_n it_o must_v be_v so_o specify_v ewer_fw-ge against_o moyle_n yel_n 141._o in_o be_v the_o plaintiff_n declare_v quod_fw-la cùm_fw-la seisitus_fw-la fuit_fw-la and_o let_v for_o year_n the_o defendant_n have_v waste_v and_o though_o not_o say_v of_o what_o estate_n seize_v so_o it_o may_v be_v for_o life_n yet_o be_v ad_fw-la exheredationem_fw-la and_o that_o allege_v of_o seize_v but_o surplus_n hold_v by_o most_o good_a enough_o sir_n walter_n astoâ—_n against_o sweten_a hall_n 3_o cro._n 47._o be_v assign_v in_o the_o house_n where_o it_o appear_v the_o plaintiff_n have_v but_o two_o part_n of_o the_o reversion_n yet_o good_a he_o can_v assign_v it_o otherways_o be_v inquire_v of_o by_o the_o sheriff_n where_o it_o be_v confess_v by_o nihil_fw-la dicit_fw-la yet_o no_o error_n warnford_n against_o haydock_n 3_o cro._n 290._o be_v against_o a_o husband_n tenant_n for_o life_n in_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n dead_z not_o be_v in_o the_o tenet_n or_o tenuit_fw-la ill_a also_o the_o writ_n be_v quod_fw-la fecit_fw-la vastum_fw-la and_o be_v in_o her_o right_n it_o shall_v have_v be_v fecerunt_fw-la vastum_fw-la but_o by_o co._n 1._o inst_z this_z be_v be_v dispunishable_a by_o her_o death_n otherwise_o if_o it_o have_v be_v a_o term_n for_o year_n co._n 1._o inst_z 54._o p._n note_v the_o estate_n be_v make_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o wife_n for_o life_n yet_o action_n lie_v sackervil_n against_o bagnell_n con._n to_o dr._n and_o student_n co._n 3._o cro._n 356._o 357._o in_o waist_n the_o plaintiff_n pray_v a_o writ_n of_o etrepement_n against_o the_o tenant_n and_o his_o servant_n and_o at_o last_o a_o warrant_n against_o both_o though_o doubt_v at_o first_o if_o it_o lie_v in_o this_o action_n though_o it_o do_v in_o writ_n of_o entry_n etc._n etc._n anderne_a against_o anderne_a 3_o cro._n 393._o f._n n._n b._n 61._o in_o a_o writ_n of_o entry_n sur_fw-fr disseisin_n do_v to_o himself_o the_o plaintiff_n pray_v a_o writ_n of_o etrepement_n doubt_v if_o allowable_a because_o in_o that_o action_n he_o be_v to_o recover_v damage_n but_o because_o non_fw-la constat_fw-la whether_o the_o tenant_n be_v able_a to_o satisfy_v he_o if_o he_o pull_v down_o his_o house_n grant_v wright_n against_o percy_n 3_o cro._n 484._o 774._o tenant_n in_o cut_v three_o hundred_o oak_n defendant_n as_o to_o two_o hundred_o justify_v that_o the_o house_n be_v ruinous_a and_o he_o cut_v and_o employ_v they_o in_o repair_n and_o for_o the_o other_o hundred_o he_o cut_v they_o to_o have_v they_o ready_a to_o repair_v tempore_fw-la opportuno_fw-it adjudge_v a_o ill_a plea_n on_o demurrer_n for_o so_o every_o lessee_n may_v â—ut_v where_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n grey_n against_o stanfeild_n 3_o cro._n 593._o vid._n 498._o 499._o waâ—t_o the_o writ_n be_v general_a and_o that_o the_o woman_n hold_v &c._n &c._n ex_fw-la dimissione_n a._n her_o former_a husband_n and_o count_v that_o a._n enfeoff_v b._n to_o the_o intent_n a_o rocovery_n be_v have_v against_o he_o to_o the_o use_n of_o a._n for_o life_n remainder_n to_o the_o woman_n for_o life_n which_o be_v do_v according_o and_o for_o this_o judgement_n against_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o the_o writ_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v recite_v for_o the_o husband_n can_v not_o let_v to_o the_o wife_n but_o she_o be_v in_o by_o the_o husband_n and_o so_o have_v the_o estate_n from_o the_o feoffee_n green_a field_n against_o dennis_n 3_o cro._n 722._o a._n let_v we_o to_o b._n b._n assign_v to_o c._n and_o d._n d._n assign_v to_o e._n except_o the_o tree_n then_o it_o be_v enact_v by_o parliament_n that_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o a._n shall_v have_v the_o land_n a._n be_v dead_a leave_v three_o daughter_n who_o take_v husband_n one_o of_o they_o die_v the_o other_o two_o and_o their_o husband_n quit_v the_o tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n bring_v waste_v against_o c._n and_o e._n in_o the_o term_n the_o term_n be_v end_v adjudge_v first_o the_o writ_n good_a notwithstanding_o the_o settle_v the_o estate_n by_o the_o statute_n without_o show_v the_o special_a title_n and_o second_o without_o join_v the_o tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n because_o he_o not_o entitle_v to_o the_o damage_n non_fw-la locum_fw-la vastat_fw-la and_o three_o the_o writ_n suppose_v quod_fw-la tenuerunt_fw-la which_o imply_v a_o joynt-tenancy_n now_o they_o appear_v tenant_n in_o common_a good_a because_o the_o land_n at_o first_o one_o and_o entire_a but_o if_o waist_n can_v be_v commit_v in_o the_o tree_n except_v by_o the_o lessee_n not_o agree_v but_o in_o co._n 5._o rep._n adjudge_v it_o do_v and_o the_o exception_n void_a sir_n roger_n leuknor_n against_o free_a 1_o leon._n 48._o 3._o cro._n 17._o co._n 6._o rep._n 12._o b._n lessee_n for_o life_n and_o he_o in_o reversion_n make_v a_o lease_n waist_n be_v commit_v they_o shall_v join_v and_o tenant_n for_o life_n recover_v locum_fw-la vastatum_fw-la and_o he_o in_o reversion_n the_o damage_n lessee_n for_o life_n sans_o impeachment_n etc._n etc._n be_v be_v commit_v by_o a_o stranger_n the_o lessee_n in_o trespass_n shall_v recover_v no_o damage_n for_o the_o tree_n cut_v but_o only_o for_o the_o entry_n for_o the_o property_n of_o the_o tree_n remain_v in_o the_o lessor_n 1_o leon._n 49._o co._n 1._o inst_z 42._o a._n p._n 27._o h._n 8._o p._n 36._o lease_n of_o land_n exceptis_fw-la arboribus_fw-la grossis_fw-la super_fw-la praemissa_fw-la crescentibus_fw-la tree_n then_o little_a grow_v great_a and_o be_v cut_v if_o waist_n semble_fw-fr non_fw-la per_fw-la anderson_n for_o they_o be_v except_v whereas_o great_a and_o not_o only_o what_o be_v great_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o lease_n garrock_n versus_fw-la cliffe_n 1_o leon._n 61._o a._n let_v we_o to_o b._n for_o year_n and_o during_o the_o term_n let_v we_o to_o c._n for_o year_n by_o indenture_n to_o commence_v present_o b._n commit_v waste_v a._n bring_v a_o writ_n against_o b._n the_o defendant_n can_v plead_v nul_fw-fr waist_n nor_o can_v he_o plead_v that_o the_o lessor_n have_v nothing_o for_o the_o plaintiff_n will_v estop_v he_o by_o the_o indenture_n and_o though_o the_o count_n be_v general_a of_o a_o lease_n and_o say_v not_o per_fw-la indenturam_fw-la yet_o a_o replication_n that_o by_o indenture_n be_v no_o departure_n but_o a_o coroborate_n of_o the_o declaration_n 1_o leon._n 156._o tenant_n for_o life_n be_v disseise_v and_o disseisor_n commit_v waste_v he_o in_o reversion_n shall_v maintain_v a_o action_n of_o waist_n against_o tenant_n for_o life_n yet_o note_n that_o by_o the_o disseisin_n the_o reversion_n be_v out_o of_o he_o 1_o leon._n 264._o if_o be_v be_v assign_v in_o a_o whole_a wood_n sparsim_fw-la if_o the_o jury_n have_v view_n of_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o wood_n it_o be_v good_a without_o enter_v and_o view_v of_o every_o part_n and_o so_o of_o a_o house_n otherwise_o if_o the_o waist_n be_v assign_v in_o certain_a part_n of_o the_o wood_n or_o room_n in_o the_o house_n 1_o leon._n 267._o feoffment_n to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o wife_n for_o life_n remainder_n to_o his_o own_o heir_n he_o die_v she_o commit_v waste_v the_o writ_n must_v be_v general_a quas_fw-la tenet_fw-la de_fw-la hereditate_fw-la etc._n etc._n &_o non_fw-la ex_fw-la dimissione_n for_o she_o come_v in_o by_o the_o statute_n 2_o leon._n 222._o vid._n co._n entr._n
706._o pl._n 9_o 700._o pl._n 7._o feoffment_n to_o the_o use_n of_o a._n for_o life_n without_o impeachment_n of_o waist_n and_o power_n to_o cut_v and_o sell_v tree_n and_o make_v lease_n remainder_n for_o life_n to_o b._n with_o the_o same_o power_n latch_n 163._o 268._o poph._n 193._o 706._o pl._n 9_o a._n make_v a_o lease_n and_o die_v quaere_fw-la whether_o b._n may_v cut_v the_o tree_n not_o agree_v but_o '_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o clause_n sans_o impeachment_n give_v a_o interest_n and_o a._n may_v have_v do_v what_o he_o will_v with_o the_o tree_n but_o not_o his_o executor_n after_o his_o death_n because_o it_o be_v a_o interest_n annex_v to_o his_o estate_n and_o determine_v with_o it_o the_o doubt_n of_o the_o remainder_n chief_o seem_v to_o be_v because_o the_o lease_n arise_v partly_o out_o of_o the_o first_o feoffment_n and_o partly_o of_o the_o lessor_n estate_n for_o life_n note_v the_o lease_n be_v except_v the_o tree_n and_o the_o exception_n good_a because_o tenant_n for_o life_n have_v a_o interest_n by_o the_o sans_o impeachment_n secherval_n versus_fw-la dale_n latch_n 163._o 268._o etc._n etc._n as_o before_o lessor_n bring_v waste_v against_o lessee_n for_o tree_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n the_o lessor_n himself_o cut_v they_o it_o be_v a_o good_a bar_n and_o therefore_o in_o trespass_n by_o the_o lessee_n against_o lessor_n for_o the_o cut_n he_o shall_v recover_v only_o for_o the_o fruit_n and_o shade_n because_o not_o charge_v over_o as_o if_o a_o stranger_n have_v cut_v they_o he_o shall_v co._n 13._o r._n 96._o 70._o m._n 10._o h._n 7._o pl._n 3._o 2_o e._n 4._o 2._o or_o 7._o b._n in_o waist_n for_o dig_v gravel_n defendant_n justify_v by_o command_v of_o the_o lessor_n no_o plea_n for_o it_o be_v the_o lessee'_v land_n pour_fw-fr temps_fw-fr not_o the_o lessor_n so_o he_o can_v not_o command_v he_o also_o it_o be_v per_fw-mi parol_n and_o without_o deed_n and_o against_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n yet_o dict_z such_o a_o command_n to_o cut_v tree_n good_a because_o not_o the_o lessee'_v but_o lessor_n and_o that_o be_v agree_v in_o co._n 11._o r._n 48._o b._n h._n 2._o h._n 7._o pl._n 20._o m._n 10._o h._n 7._o pl._n 3._o feoffee_n to_o use_v cestuy_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n r._n 3._o the_o reversion_n remain_v in_o the_o feoffee_n for_o the_o statute_n do_v but_o give_v authority_n to_o cestuy_v que_fw-fr use_n to_o dispose_v as_o where_o one_o will_n that_o his_o executor_n shall_v sell_v if_o lessee_n commit_v waste_v the_o feoffee_n shall_v bring_v the_o action_n though_o no_o privity_n because_o they_o can_v not_o have_v any_o so_o shall_v the_o lord_n in_o escheat_n maintain_v waste_v yet_o he_o have_v not_o privity_n mi._n 5._o h._n 7._o pl._n 11._o h._n 8._o h._n 7._o pl._n 1._o tr._n 26._o h._n 8._o pl._n 131._o or_o 31._o it_o be_v waist_n to_o pull_v down_o or_o suffer_v a_o wall_n to_o go_v to_o ruin_n be_v it_o make_v of_o wood_n mud_n or_o stone_n or_o be_v it_o within_o the_o house_n for_o separation_n or_o without_o for_o enclosure_n so_o to_o destroy_v wood_n of_o hazel_n or_o willow_n not_o to_o cut_v they_o husbandly_a to_o cut_v fruit_n tree_n in_o a_o orchard_n and_o destroy_v they_o be_v waist_n not_o if_o they_o grow_v in_o hedge_n and_o closure_n and_o if_o a_o house_n be_v ruinous_a at_o the_o entry_n it_o be_v no_o waist_n to_o suffer_v it_o to_o decay_v otherwise_o if_o not_o ruinous_a at_o the_o entry_n but_o where_o it_o be_v hold_v plough_v meadow_n be_v no_o waist_n it_o be_v no_o law_n hob._n 234._o ow._n 66._o m._n 10._o h._n 7._o pl._n 3._o 4._o in_o a_o action_n of_o waste_v in_o the_o tenuit_fw-la a_o accord_n be_v a_o good_a plea_n because_o only_a damage_n to_o be_v recover_v not_o in_o the_o tenuit_fw-la because_o locum_fw-la vastatum_fw-la be_v to_o be_v recover_v also_o co._n entr._n 706._o 707._o pl._n 9_o h._n 11._o h._n 7._o pl._n 7._o p._n 13._o h._n 7._o pl._n 3._o co._n 6._o r._n 44._o a._n upon_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la of_o a_o judgement_n in_o waist_n one_o may_v have_v a_o writ_n of_o estrepement_n or_o in_o any_o suit_n where_o no_o damage_n be_v to_o be_v recover_v but_o not_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la of_o waist_n commit_v after_o the_o first_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la because_o he_o may_v have_v have_v estrepement_n at_o first_o but_o for_o waste_v after_o estrepement_n a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la lie_n to_o show_v cause_n why_o he_o commit_v the_o waist_n and_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la lie_v in_o assize_n for_o waste_v do_v after_o judgement_n not_o before_o judgement_n because_o he_o can_v recover_v damage_n for_o its_o after_o verdict_n but_o in_o a_o formedon_n not_o because_o he_o may_v have_v have_v estrepement_n and_o pl._n 20._o error_n of_o a_o judgement_n in_o assize_n and_o the_o piaintiff_n in_o the_o error_n pray_v a_o estrepement_n and_o can_v not_o have_v it_o because_o he_o may_v it_o seem_v have_v scire_fw-la facias_fw-la for_o damage_n do_v after_o the_o judgement_n etc._n etc._n but_o question_v per_fw-la fennel_n because_o by_o the_o statute_n he_o find_v security_n in_o the_o writ_n specify_v to_o answer_v for_o all_o the_o damage_n mich._n 14._o h._n 7._o pl._n 20._o but_o vid._n 32_o or_o 33_o h._n 6._o b._n a._n in_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la of_o a_o fine_a estrepement_n lie_v lessee_n do_v waste_v in_o a_o corner_n of_o a_o wood_n only_o the_o part_n not_o the_o whole_a shall_v be_v recover_v but_o if_o he_o do_v in_o the_o whole_a wood_n and_o there_o be_v plot_n of_o ground_n within_o the_o wood_n that_o shall_v be_v recover_v with_o the_o wood._n tsin_n 15._o h._n 7._o pl._n 21._o furnace_n fat_n post_n rail_n etc._n etc._n fix_v to_o the_o freehold_n by_o lessee_n for_o year_n it_o be_v hâ—ld_a by_o some_o that_o if_o he_o remove_v they_o during_o the_o term_n it_o be_v no_o waste_v quod_fw-la qu._n but_o agree_v that_o if_o he_o leave_v they_o there_o till_o the_o term_n end_v he_o can_v remove_v they_o vid._n 42_o e._n 3._o 6._o a._n 6._o m._n 20._o h._n 7._o pl._n 24._o trin._n 21._o h._n 7._o pl._n 4._o owen_n 70._o lease_n absque_fw-la impetitionc_fw-fr vasti_fw-la in_o be_v he_o shall_v plead_v that_o in_o excuse_n but_o if_o the_o lease_n at_o first_o be_v give_v and_o then_o a_o grant_n after_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v punish_v in_o waste_v it_o be_v not_o pleadable_a in_o bar_n but_o to_o bind_v as_o a_o covenant_n vide_fw-la divers_a such_o case_n 21_o h._n 7._o 30._o tenant_n for_o life_n grant_v his_o estate_n to_o one_o parcener_n in_o reversion_n and_o her_o husband_n it_o be_v no_o surrender_n and_o if_o the_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr do_v waist_n the_o other_o sister_n shall_v bring_v a_o writ_n in_o all_o their_o name_n and_o the_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr shall_v be_v summon_v and_o sever_v m._n 2._o h._n 7._o pl._n 60._o in_o waist_n by_o lessor_n the_o lessee_n plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o give_v in_o evidence_n a_o grant_n to_o cut_v etc._n etc._n to_o repair_v etc._n etc._n and_o per_fw-la brook_n pollard_n and_o elliot_n it_o be_v no_o waist_n but_o aught_o to_o have_v be_v plead_v and_o not_o give_v in_o evidence_n for_o thereby_o the_o advantage_n thereof_o be_v lose_v ad_fw-la quod_fw-la bradnet_n concessit_fw-la but_o hold_v it_o waste_v but_o not_o punishable_a waste_v and_o he_o hold_v that_o if_o a_o lessor_n covenant_n to_o repair_v and_o do_v not_o lessee_n may_v do_v it_o and_o deduct_v it_o out_o of_o the_o rent_n and_o if_o one_o covenant_n to_o repair_v a_o ruinous_a house_n if_o he_o do_v not_o it_o be_v waste_a but_o he_o may_v take_v tree_n else_o it_o have_v not_o yet_o in_o that_o case_n he_o may_v have_v repair_v it_o and_o take_v tree_n to_o do_v it_o though_o not_o bind_v to_o do_v it_o and_o at_o common_a law_n lessee_n may_v take_v boot_n but_o if_o excessive_a it_o be_v waste_v lessee_n suffer_v post_n pale_n etc._n etc._n to_o decay_n it_o be_v waste_v trin._n 12._o h._n 8._o pl._n 1._o or_o 4._o wi_n will_v 's_o and_o testament_n be_v original_o prove_v at_o the_o common_a law_n as_o perkins_n confess_v and_o leonard_n say_v they_o be_v by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o england_n prove_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n not_o the_o communi_fw-la jure_fw-la nor_o in_o other_o nation_n and_o in_o divers_a manor_n the_o lord_n have_v the_o probate_n at_o this_o day_n co._n 5._o rep._n 73._o b._n 16._o a._n 9_o rep._n 38._o a._n 5._o rep._n 30._o b._n issue_n at_o common_a law_n for_o land_n devise_v by_o will_n and_o the_o question_n whether_o a_o will_n or_o not_o and_o now_o they_o move_v at_o the_o spiritual_a court_n to_o it_o which_o will_v blemish_v the_o evidence_n at_o the_o
common_a law_n wherefore_o prohibition_n pray_v but_o grant_v only_o quoad_fw-la the_o land_n and_o that_o it_o be_v prove_v quoad_fw-la bona_fw-la hill_n against_o thornton_n 1_o cro._n 118._o debt_n on_o a_o bond_n condition_v he_o permit_v his_o wife_n to_o make_v a_o will_n to_o the_o value_n of_o 50_o l._n and_o it_o be_v find_v on_o issue_n nullum_fw-la fecit_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o she_o do_v make_v a_o will_n of_o 50_o l._n but_o be_v covert_a it_o be_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o though_o proper_o a_o feme-covert_a can_v make_v no_o will_n in_o law_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o will_n within_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o condition_n and_o the_o husband_n be_v bind_v to_o perform_v it_o marriot_n vers_fw-la kinsman_n 1_o cro._n 159._o and_o so_o tilly_n and_o parryes_n case_n 273_o 274._o bond_n to_o pay_v 300_o l._n to_o such_o person_n and_o uâ—es_n as_o the_o wife_n shall_v appoint_v she_o appoint_v in_o form_n of_o a_o will_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o pay_v it_o and_o 433_o bond_n to_o permit_v she_o to_o make_v a_o will_n and_o pay_v etc._n etc._n plea_n that_o he_o permit_v etc._n etc._n without_o plead_v payment_n not_o good_a action_n upon_o the_o case_n lie_v not_o for_o nonpayment_n of_o a_o legacy_n for_o no_o duty_n in_o our_o law_n so_o it_o can_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o wrong_n in_o non_fw-fr payment_n mich._n 18._o car._n 2._o nicholson_n against_o sherman_n in_o banco_n regis_fw-la bond_n condition_v that_o the_o wife_n shall_v make_v a_o will_n of_o 300_o l._n in_o presence_n of_o the_o husband_n if_o he_o will_v be_v present_a if_o not_o in_o his_o absence_n she_o make_v it_o and_o it_o appear_v not_o that_o he_o be_v request_v to_o be_v or_o that_o he_o be_v present_a of_o 250_o l._n to_o several_a person_n and_o not_o a_o entire_a legacy_n yet_o after_o verdict_n the_o plaintiff_n have_v judgement_n for_o the_o intent_n be_v that_o she_o shall_v make_v a_o will_n whether_o he_o will_v or_o not_o and_o she_o need_v not_o devise_v all_o to_o one_o nor_o devise_v the_o whole_a 300_o l._n for_o cui_fw-la licet_fw-la quod_fw-la majus_fw-la etc._n etc._n mich._n 14._o car._n 2._o harris_n against_o bury_n in_o banco_n regis_fw-la debt_n by_o a._n as_o executor_n the_o defendant_n pray_v oyer_n of_o the_o will_n which_o be_v thus_o memorandum_n quòd_fw-la a._n b._n fecit_fw-la testamentum_fw-la nuncupativum_fw-la in_o hunc_fw-la modum_fw-la viz._n constituit_fw-la c._n d._n fore_fw-la executorem_fw-la suum_fw-la and_o this_o be_v under_o seal_n of_o the_o ordinary_a and_o resolve_v a_o good_a will_n and_o he_o executor_n and_o well_o able_a to_o sue_v and_o so_o be_v it_o decide_v upon_o appeal_n to_o the_o delegate_n mich._n 16._o car._n 2._o lewis_n against_o shaw_n in_o b._n r._n witness_n he_o that_o be_v attaint_v of_o a_o false_a verdict_n conspiracy_n or_o convict_v of_o perjury_n praemunire_n or_o forgery_n upon_o 5_o eliz._n or_o felony_n or_o that_o have_v stand_v in_o the_o pillory_n lose_v his_o ear_n be_v stigmatise_v etc._n etc._n whereby_o he_o become_v infamous_a or_o recreant_a in_o a_o writ_n of_o right_n or_o a_o infidel_n under_o age_n of_o discretion_n or_o interest_v ought_v not_o to_o be_v a_o witness_n nor_o a_o man_n wife_n for_o or_o against_o her_o husband_n but_o one_o outlaw_v in_o personal_a action_n may_v be_v a_o witness_n co._n 1._o inst_z 6._o b._n 25._o j._n k._n witness_n be_v not_o to_o prove_v a_o negative_a ibid._n where_o trial_n be_v by_o witness_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v two_o at_o the_o least_o ibid._n a_o juror_n may_v give_v evidence_n as_o a_o witness_n to_o his_o companion_n but_o it_o must_v be_v public_o by_o examination_n in_o court_n not_o private_o to_o his_o fellow_n style_v rep._n 233._o bail_v for_o the_o defendant_n be_v a_o witness_n for_o he_o upon_o motion_n be_v take_v off_o the_o file_n and_o new_a bail_n file_v idem_fw-la 385._o a_o felon_n that_o have_v be_v burn_v in_o the_o hand_n may_v be_v a_o witness_n for_o he_o may_v purchase_v and_o his_o punishment_n have_v satisfy_v his_o offence_n idem_fw-la 385._o in_o ejectment_n he_o that_o have_v the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o land_n be_v admit_v as_o a_o witness_n where_o note_n the_o plaintiff_n and_o defendant_n both_o claim_v under_o one_o person_n idem_fw-la 482._o a_o counsellor_n at_o bar_n be_v examine_v as_o a_o witness_n for_o his_o client_n be_v deny_v to_o be_v examine_v on_o the_o other_o side_n for_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v put_v to_o discover_v the_o secret_n of_o his_o client_n cause_n idem_fw-la 449._o debt_n on_o 5_o eliz._n 9_o because_o the_o wife_n do_v not_o appear_v whereas_o he_o serve_v she_o and_o tender_v to_o she_o her_o charge_n etc._n etc._n to_o his_o damage_n and_o though_o not_o lay_v what_o damage_n yet_o be_v for_o the_o 10_o l._n upon_o the_o statute_n not_o for_o his_o damage_n for_o she_o not_o appear_v and_o a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n be_v within_o the_o statute_n it_o be_v hold_v good_a enough_o 3_o cro._n 130._o 1_o leon._n 122._o note_v she_o be_v the_o person_n who_o be_v to_o appear_v the_o charge_n be_v to_o be_v tender_v to_o she_o or_o her_o husband_n jidem_fw-la ibid._n debt_n for_o 10_o l._n against_o a_o witness_n that_o be_v subpenaâ—d_v appear_v not_o move_v first_o it_o be_v not_o show_v that_o the_o subpoena_fw-la be_v leave_v resolve_v it_o need_v not_o for_o it_o may_v be_v for_o more_o witness_n 2._o there_o be_v but_o 12_o d_o deliver_v but_o resolve_v since_o he_o promise_v to_o pay_v the_o rest_n and_o the_o witness_v accept_v the_o 2_o d._n it_o be_v good_a else_o the_o witness_n have_v not_o be_v bâ—â—nd_n till_o the_o whole_a charge_n have_v be_v tender_v but_o three_o because_o he_o auâ—rred_v not_o that_o he_o be_v damnify_v by_o the_o non-appearance_n of_o the_o witness_n though_o the_o action_n be_v but_o for_o the_o ten_o pound_n penalty_n and_o not_o for_o the_o damage_n over_o râ—â—olved_v it_o lie_v not_o 1_o cro._n 376._o 388._o judgement_n staid_a because_o the_o verdict_n be_v have_v upon_o the_o testimony_n of_o one_o witness_v and_o he_o since_o convict_v of_o perjury_n in_o the_o very_a same_o thing_n pasch_fw-mi 17._o car._n 2._o banco_n regis_fw-la in_o deceit_n for_o forge_v a_o will_n one_o that_o take_v a_o legacy_n by_o the_o same_o will_n be_v allow_v and_o swear_v as_o a_o witness_n in_o a_o trial_n for_o the_o forgery_n for_o this_o make_v nothing_o to_o the_o probate_n of_o the_o will_n or_o recovery_n of_o the_o legacy_n in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n nor_o do_v they_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o move_v to_o examine_v a_o material_a witness_n that_o lie_v die_v and_o it_o be_v say_v by_o the_o court_n that_o if_o the_o adverse_a party_n do_v consent_v it_o may_v be_v do_v else_o they_o can_v not_o compel_v he_o mich._n 13._o car._n 2._o b._n r._n a_o councillor_n may_v be_v examine_v as_o a_o witness_n against_o his_o client_n so_o far_o as_o it_o be_v of_o his_o own_o knowledge_n not_o what_o he_o know_v by_o the_o reveal_n of_o his_o client_n pasc_n 15._o car._n 2._o b._n r._n one_o shall_v not_o justify_v what_o he_o hear_v a_o other_o say_v ibid._n in_o a_o indictment_n for_o beat_v one_o of_o the_o king_n messenger_n the_o witness_n for_o the_o defendant_n be_v swear_v because_o though_o against_o the_o king_n and_o criminal_a yet_o not_o capital_a pasch_fw-mi 17._o car._n 2._o b._n r._n one_o that_o be_v a_o witness_n endorse_v to_o the_o livery_n upon_o a_o feoffment_n have_v part_n of_o the_o land_n as_o tenant_n at_o will_n be_v allow_v as_o a_o witness_n in_o the_o trial_n on_o the_o feoffment_n afterward_o in_o a_o trial_n at_o bar._n bulstrodes_n rep._n 202._o a_o person_n attaint_v of_o felony_n though_o afterward_o pardon_v by_o the_o king_n be_v uncapable_a after_o of_o be_v a_o witness_n and_o therefore_o a_o suggestion_n be_v prove_v only_o by_o two_o such_o a_o consultation_n be_v grant_v 2_o bulstr_n 154._o word_n to_o say_v of_o a_o woman_n that_o j._n s._n do_v beget_v she_o with_o child_n and_o she_o have_v a_o child_n by_o he_o by_o speak_v whereof_o she_o lose_v a_o marriage_n with_o i._n d._n although_o these_o word_n be_v a_o spiritual_a slander_n yet_o the_o loss_n of_o marriage_n be_v temporal_a and_o therefore_o the_o action_n lie_v for_o they_o co._n 4._o 16._o b._n ann_n davis_n against_o gardner_n adjudge_v so_o if_o a_o man_n say_v of_o a_o woman_n that_o j._n s._n have_v the_o use_n of_o her_o body_n by_o which_o she_o lose_v her_o marriage_n a_o action_n lie_v pasch_fw-mi 5._o jac._n b._n r._n dame_n morison_n against_o case_n adjudge_v if_o a_o man_n say_v to_o j._n s._n thou_o be_v a_o whoremaster_n for_o thou_o have_v lie_v with_o b_n wife_n and_o have_v to_o do_v with_o she_o against_o