Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	die_v	hold_v	tenant_n	2,632	5	9.7659	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A12533	De republica Anglorum The maner of gouernement or policie of the realme of England, compiled by the honorable man Thomas Smyth, Doctor of the ciuil lawes, knight, and principall secretarie vnto the two most worthie princes, King Edwarde the sixt, and Queene Elizabeth. Seene and allowed.; Common-wealth of England	Smith, Thomas, Sir, 1513-1577.	1583 (1583)	STC 22857; ESTC S117628	79,409	124

baptism_n do_v find_v so_o it_o do_v leave_v they_o for_o it_o change_v not_o civil_a law_n nor_o compacte_n amongst_o man_n which_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o god_n law_n but_o rather_o maintain_v they_o by_o obedience_n which_o see_v man_n of_o good_a conscience_n have_v that_o scruple_n whereof_o i_o write_v before_o have_v by_o little_a and_o little_o find_v mean_n to_o have_v and_o obtain_v the_o profit_n of_o servitude_n and_o bondage_n which_o gentility_n do_v use_v and_o be_v use_v to_o this_o day_n amongst_o christian_n on_o the_o one_o part_n and_o turk_n and_o gentile_n on_o the_o other_o part_n when_o war_n be_v betwixt_o they_o upon_o those_o who_o they_o take_v in_o battle_n turk_n and_o gentile_n i_o call_v they_o which_o use_v not_o our_o law_n the_o one_o beléeve_v in_o one_o god_n the_o other_o in_o many_o god_n of_o who_o they_o make_v image_n for_o the_o law_n of_o jew_n be_v well_o enough_o know_v &_o at_o this_o day_n so_o far_o as_o i_o can_v learn_v among_o all_o people_n jew_n be_v hold_v as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o common_a servitude_n and_o have_v no_o rule_n nor_o dominion_n as_o their_o own_o prophecy_n do_v tell_v that_o they_o shall_v not_o have_v after_o that_o christ_n be_v promise_v to_o they_o be_v of_o they_o refuse_v for_o when_o they_o will_v not_o acknowledge_v he_o obstinate_o for_o take_v their_o help_n in_o soul_n for_o the_o life_n to_o come_v and_o honour_n in_o this_o world_n for_o the_o time_n present_v not_o take_v the_o good_a tiding_n news_n and_o evangill_v bring_v to_o they_o for_o their_o disobedience_n by_o the_o great_a grace_n of_o god_n and_o by_o the_o promise_n of_o the_o prophet_n fructify_v in_o we_o which_o be_v gentile_n and_o bring_v forth_o this_o humanity_n gentleness_n honour_n and_o godly_a knowledge_n which_o be_v see_v at_o this_o present_a but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o purpose_n this_o persuasion_n i_o say_v of_o christian_n not_o to_o make_v nor_o keep_v his_o brother_n in_o christ_n servile_a bond_n and_o underling_n for_o ever_o unto_o he_o as_o a_o beast_n rather_o than_o as_o a_o man_n and_o the_o humanity_n which_o the_o christian_a religion_n do_v teach_v have_v engender_v through_o realm_n not_o near_o to_o turk_n and_o barbarian_n a_o doubt_n a_o conscience_n and_o scruple_n to_o have_v servant_n and_o bondman_n yet_o necessity_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o one_o to_o have_v help_n on_o the_o other_o to_o have_v service_n have_v keep_v a_o figure_n or_o fashion_n thereof_o so_o that_o some_o will_v not_o have_v bondman_n but_o ascripticij_fw-la glebae_fw-la and_o villain_n regardant_a to_o the_o ground_n to_o the_o intent_n their_o service_n may_v be_v furnish_v and_o that_o the_o country_n be_v evil_a unwholesome_a and_o other_o wise_a barren_a shall_v not_o be_v desolate_a other_o afterwards_o find_v out_o the_o way_n and_o mean_n that_o not_o the_o man_n but_o the_o land_n shall_v be_v bind_v and_o bring_v with_o it_o such_o bondage_n and_o service_n to_o he_o that_o occupi_v it_o as_o to_o carry_v the_o lord_n dung_n unto_o the_o field_n to_o plough_v his_o ground_n at_o certain_a day_n sow_n reap_v come_v to_o his_o court_n swear_v faith_n unto_o he_o and_o in_o the_o end_n to_o hold_v the_o land_n but_o by_o copy_n of_o the_o lord_n court_v roll_n and_o at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n this_o tenure_n be_v call_v also_o in_o our_o law_n villain_n bond_n or_o servile_a tenure_n yet_o to_o consider_v more_o deep_o all_o land_n even_o that_o which_o be_v call_v most_o free_a land_n have_v a_o bondage_n annex_v unto_o it_o not_o as_o natural_o the_o low_a ground_n must_v suffer_v and_o receive_v the_o water_n and_o filth_n which_o fall_v from_o the_o high_a ground_n nor_o such_o as_o justinian_n speak_v of_o de_fw-la seruitudinibus_fw-la praediorum_fw-la rusticorum_fw-la &_o urbanorum_fw-la but_o the_o land_n do_v bring_v a_o certain_a kind_n of_o servitude_n to_o the_o prossessor_n for_o no_o man_n hold_v land_n simple_o free_a in_o england_n but_o he_o or_o she_o that_o hold_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n all_o other_o hold_v their_o land_n in_o fee_n that_o be_v upon_o a_o faith_n or_o trust_n and_o some_o service_n to_o be_v do_v to_o a_o other_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n as_o his_o superior_a and_o he_o again_o of_o a_o high_a lord_n till_o it_o come_v to_o the_o prince_n &_o he_o that_o hold_v the_o crown_n so_o that_o if_o a_o man_n die_v and_o it_o be_v find_v that_o he_o have_v land_n which_o he_o hold_v but_o of_o who_o no_o man_n can_v tell_v this_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o crown_n and_o in_o capitie_n which_o be_v much_o like_a to_o knight_n service_n and_o draw_v unto_o it_o three_o service_n homage_n ward_n and_o marriage_n that_o be_v he_o shall_v swear_v to_o be_v his_o man_n and_o to_o be_v true_a unto_o he_o of_o who_o he_o hold_v the_o land_n his_o son_n who_o hold_v the_o land_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n shall_v be_v marry_v where_o it_o please_v the_o lord_n he_o that_o hold_v the_o land_n most_o free_o of_o a_o temporal_a man_n for_o frank_a almose_n and_o frank_a marriage_n have_v a_o other_o cause_n and_o nature_n hold_v by_o fealty_n only_o which_o be_v he_o shall_v swear_v to_o be_v true_a to_o the_o lord_n and_o do_v such_o service_n as_o appertain_v for_o the_o land_n which_o he_o hold_v of_o the_o lord_n so_o that_o all_o free_a land_n in_o england_n be_v hold_v in_o fee_n or_o feodo_fw-la which_o be_v much_o to_o say_v as_o in_o fide_fw-la or_o fiducia_fw-la that_o be_v in_o trust_n and_o confidence_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v true_a to_o the_o lord_n of_o who_o he_o hold_v it_o pay_v such_o rent_n do_v such_o service_n and_o observe_v such_o condition_n as_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o first_o donation_n thus_o all_o save_v the_o prince_n be_v not_o viri_fw-la domini_fw-la but_o rather_o fiduciary_n domini_fw-la &_o possessores_fw-la this_o be_v a_o more_o likely_a interpretation_n than_o that_o which_o litleton_n do_v put_v in_o his_o book_n thereof_o who_o say_v that_o feodum_fw-la idem_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la haereditas_fw-la which_o it_o do_v betoken_v in_o no_o language_n this_o happen_v many_o time_n to_o they_o who_o be_v of_o great_a wit_n and_o learning_n yet_o not_o see_v in_o many_o tongue_n or_o mark_v not_o the_o deduction_n of_o word_n which_o time_n do_v alter_v litleton_n fides_n in_o latin_a the_o goth_n come_v into_o italy_n and_o corrupt_v the_o language_n be_v turn_v first_o into_o feed_v and_o at_o this_o day_n in_o italy_n they_o will_v say_v in_o fide_fw-la en_fw-fr fede_fw-es or_o ala_fw-la fe_o and_o some_o uncunning_a have_v that_o will_v make_v a_o new_a barbarous_a latin_a word_n to_o betoken_v land_n give_v in_o fidem_fw-la or_o as_o the_o italian_a say_v in_o feed_v or_o fe_o make_v it_o in_o feudum_fw-la or_o feodum_fw-la the_o nature_n of_o the_o word_n appear_v more_o evident_a in_o those_o which_o we_o call_v to_o fef_n feof_o or_o feoffee_n the_o one_o be_v fiduciary_n possessores_fw-la or_o fidei_fw-la commissarij_fw-la the_o other_o be_v dare_v in_o fiduciam_fw-la or_o fidei_fw-la commissum_fw-la or_o more_o latine_o fidei_fw-la committere_fw-la the_o same_o litleton_n be_v as_o much_o deceive_v in_o withernam_fw-la &_o diverse_a other_o old_a word_n this_o withernam_fw-la he_o interprete_v vetitum_fw-la navium_fw-la in_o what_o language_n i_o know_v not_o whereas_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v in_o plain_a dutche_n and_o in_o our_o old_a saxon_a language_n wyther_o nempt_v alterum_fw-la accipere_fw-la iterum_fw-la rapere_fw-la a_o word_n that_o betoken_v that_o which_o in_o barbarous_a latin_a be_v call_v represalia_fw-la when_o one_o take_v of_o i_o a_o distress_n which_o in_o latin_a be_v call_v pignus_fw-la or_o any_o other_o thing_n and_o carry_v it_o away_o out_o of_o the_o jurisdiction_n wherein_o i_o dwell_v i_o take_v by_o order_n of_o he_o that_o have_v jurisdiction_n a_o other_o of_o he_o again_o or_o of_o some_o other_o of_o that_o jurisdiction_n and_o do_v bring_v it_o into_o the_o jurisdiction_n wherein_o i_o dwell_v that_o by_o equal_a wrong_n i_o may_v come_v to_o have_v equal_a right_n the_o manner_n of_o represalia_fw-la and_o that_o we_o call_v withernam_fw-la be_v not_o altogether_o one_o but_o the_o nature_n of_o they_o both_o be_v as_o i_o have_v describe_v and_o the_o proper_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n do_v not_o much_o differ_v but_o to_o return_v thither_o where_o we_o do_v digress_v you_o see_v that_o where_o the_o person_n be_v free_a and_o the_o body_n at_o full_a liberty_n and_o maximè_fw-la ingenui_fw-la yet_o by_o annex_v a_o condition_n to_o the_o land_n there_o be_v mean_n to_o bring_v the_o owner_n and_o possessor_n thereof_o into_o a_o certain_a servitude_n or_o rather_o libertinitie_n that_o the_o tenant_n beside_o

for_o the_o most_o part_n follow_v such_o division_n as_o be_v use_v in_o london_n either_o by_o thirdes_o or_o half_n our_o forefather_n new_o convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n have_v such_o confidence_n in_o their_o pastor_n &_o instructour_n and_o take_v they_o to_o be_v man_n of_o such_o conscience_n that_o they_o commit_v that_o matter_n to_o their_o discretion_n and_o belike_o at_o the_o first_o they_o be_v such_o as_o will_v seek_v no_o private_a profit_n to_o themselves_o thereby_o that_o be_v once_o so_o ordain_v have_v still_o so_o continue_v the_o abuse_n which_o have_v follow_v be_v in_o part_n redress_v by_o certain_a act_n of_o parliament_n make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o touch_v the_o probate_n of_o testament_n commit_v of_o administration_n &_o mortuary_n but_o to_o turn_v to_o the_o matter_n which_o we_o now_o have_v in_o hand_n the_o wife_n be_v so_o much_o in_o the_o power_n of_o her_o husband_n that_o not_o only_o her_o good_n by_o marriage_n be_v straight_o make_v her_o husband_n and_o she_o lose_v all_o her_o administration_n which_o she_o have_v of_o they_o but_o also_o where_o all_o english_a man_n have_v name_n and_o surname_n as_o the_o roman_n have_v marcus_n tullius_n caius_n pompeius_n caius_n julius_n whereof_o the_o name_n be_v give_v to_o we_o at_o the_o font_n the_o surname_n be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o gentility_n and_o stock_n which_o the_o son_n do_v take_v of_o the_o father_n always_o as_o the_o old_a roman_n do_v our_o daughter_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v marry_v loose_a the_o surname_n of_o their_o father_n and_o of_o the_o family_n and_o stock_n whereof_o they_o do_v come_v and_o take_v the_o surname_n of_o their_o husband_n as_o transplant_v from_o their_o family_n into_o a_o other_o so_o that_o if_o my_o wife_n be_v call_v before_o philippe_n wilford_n by_o her_o own_o name_n and_o her_o father_n surname_n as_o soon_o as_o she_o be_v marry_v to_o i_o she_o be_v no_o more_o call_v philippe_n wylford_n but_o philippe_n smith_n and_o so_o must_v she_o write_v and_o sign_n and_o as_o she_o change_v husband_n so_o she_o change_v surname_n call_v always_o by_o the_o surname_n of_o her_o last_o husband_n yet_o if_o a_o woman_n once_o marry_v a_o lord_n or_o a_o knight_n by_o which_o occasion_n she_o be_v call_v my_o lady_n with_o the_o surname_n of_o her_o husband_n courtesy_n if_o he_o die_v and_o she_o take_v a_o husband_n of_o a_o mean_a estate_n by_o who_o she_o shall_v not_o be_v call_v lady_n such_o be_v the_o honour_n we_o do_v give_v to_o woman_n she_o shall_v still_o be_v call_v lady_n with_o the_o surname_n of_o her_o first_o husband_n and_o not_o of_o the_o second_o i_o think_v among_o the_o old_a roman_n those_o marriage_n which_o be_v make_v per_fw-la coemptionem_fw-la in_o manum_fw-la and_o per_fw-la aes_fw-la and_o libram_fw-la make_v the_o wife_n in_o manu_fw-la &_o potestate_fw-la viri_fw-la whereof_o also_o we_o have_v in_o our_o old_a law_n and_o ceremony_n of_o marriage_n a_o certain_a memory_n as_o a_o view_n and_o vestigium_fw-la for_o the_o woman_n at_o the_o church_n door_n be_v give_v of_o the_o father_n or_o some_o other_o man_n next_o of_o her_o kin_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o he_o lay_v down_o gold_n and_o silver_n for_o she_o upon_o the_o book_n as_o though_o he_o do_v buy_v she_o the_o priest_n belike_o be_v in_o steed_n of_o lipripeus_fw-la our_o marriage_n be_v esteem_v perfect_a by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n when_o they_o be_v solemnish_v in_o the_o church_n or_o chapel_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o priest_n and_o other_o witness_n and_o this_o only_o make_v both_o the_o husband_n and_o the_o wife_n capable_a of_o all_o the_o benefit_n which_o our_o law_n both_o give_v unto_o they_o and_o their_o lawful_a child_n in_o so_o much_o that_o if_o i_o marry_v the_o widow_n of_o one_o late_o dead_a which_o at_o the_o time_n of_o her_o husband_n death_n be_v with_o child_n if_o the_o child_n be_v bear_v after_o marriage_n solemnish_v with_o i_o this_o child_n be_v my_o heir_n and_o be_v account_v my_o lawful_a son_n not_o his_o who_o child_n it_o be_v in_o deed_n so_o precise_o we_o do_v take_v the_o letter_n where_o it_o be_v say_v pater_fw-la est_fw-la quem_fw-la nuptiae_fw-la demonstrant_fw-la those_o way_n and_o mean_n which_o justinian_n do_v declare_v to_o make_v bastard_n to_o be_v lawful_a child_n mulier_n or_o rather_o melieur_n for_o such_o a_o term_n our_o law_n use_v for_o they_o which_o be_v lawful_a child_n be_v of_o no_o effect_n in_o england_n neither_o the_o pope_n nor_o emperor_n nor_o the_o prince_n himself_o never_o can_v there_o legitimate_a a_o bastard_n to_o enjoy_v any_o benefitte_n of_o our_o law_n the_o parliament_n have_v only_o that_o power_n although_o the_o wife_n be_v as_o i_o have_v write_v before_o in_o manu_fw-la &_o potestate_fw-la mariti_fw-la by_o our_o law_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o keep_v so_o strait_o as_o in_o mew_o and_o with_o a_o guard_n as_o they_o be_v in_o italy_n and_o spain_n but_o have_v almost_o as_o much_o liberty_n as_o in_o france_n and_o they_o have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n all_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o house_n and_o houshoulde_n as_o it_o may_v appear_v by_o aristotle_n and_o plato_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o greek_n have_v in_o their_o time_n which_o be_v in_o deed_n the_o natural_a occupation_n exercise_n office_n and_o part_n of_o a_o wife_n the_o husband_n to_o meddle_v with_o the_o defence_n either_o by_o law_n or_o force_n and_o with_o all_o foreign_a matter_n which_o be_v the_o natural_a part_n and_o office_n of_o the_o man_n as_o i_o have_v write_v before_o and_o although_o our_o law_n may_v seem_v somewhat_o rigorous_a towards_o the_o wife_n yet_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o can_v handle_v their_o husband_n so_o well_o and_o so_o doulce_o and_o special_o when_o their_o husband_n be_v sick_a that_o where_o the_o law_n give_v they_o nothing_o their_o husband_n at_o their_o death_n of_o their_o good_a will_v give_v they_o all_o and_o few_o there_o be_v that_o be_v not_o make_v at_o the_o death_n of_o their_o be_v either_o sole_a or_o chief_a executrix_n of_o his_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n and_o have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o government_n of_o the_o child_n and_o their_o portion_n except_o it_o be_v in_o london_n where_o a_o peculiar_a order_n be_v take_v by_o the_o city_n much_o after_o the_o fashion_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n all_o this_o while_n i_o have_v speak_v only_o of_o movable_a good_n fine_a if_o the_o wife_n be_v a_o enheretrix_fw-la &_o bring_v land_n with_o she_o to_o the_o marriage_n that_o land_n descend_v to_o her_o elder_a son_n or_o be_v divide_v among_o her_o daughter_n also_o the_o manner_n be_v that_o the_o land_n which_o the_o wife_n bring_v to_o the_o marriage_n or_o purchase_v afterwards_o the_o husband_n can_v not_o sell_v nor_o alienate_v the_o same_o no_o not_o with_o here_o consent_n nor_o she_o herself_o during_o the_o marriage_n except_o that_o she_o be_v sole_a examine_v by_o a_o judge_n at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o if_o he_o have_v no_o child_n by_o she_o and_o she_o die_v the_o land_n go_v to_o her_o next_o heir_n at_o the_o common_a law_n but_o if_o in_o the_o marriage_n he_o have_v a_o child_n by_o she_o which_o be_v hear_v once_o to_o cry_v whether_o the_o child_n live_v or_o die_v the_o husband_n shall_v have_v the_o usufruite_n of_o her_o land_n that_o be_v the_o profit_n of_o they_o during_o his_o life_n and_o that_o be_v call_v the_o courtesy_n of_o england_n likewise_o if_o the_o husband_n have_v any_o land_n either_o by_o inheritance_n descend_v or_o purchase_v and_o buy_v if_o he_o die_v before_o the_o wife_n she_o shall_v have_v the_o usufruite_n of_o one_o third_o part_n of_o his_o land_n case_n that_o be_v she_o shall_v hold_v the_o one_o third_o part_n of_o his_o land_n during_o her_o life_n as_o her_o dowry_n whether_o he_o have_v child_n by_o she_o or_o no._n if_o he_o have_v any_o child_n the_o rest_n descend_v straight_o to_o the_o elder_a if_o he_o have_v none_o to_o the_o next_o heir_n at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o if_o she_o mislike_v the_o division_n she_o shall_v ask_v to_o be_v endow_v of_o the_o fair_a of_o his_o land_n to_o the_o third_o part_n this_o which_o i_o have_v write_v touch_v marriage_n and_o the_o right_n in_o moveable_n and_o unmovables_n which_o come_v thereby_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v by_o the_o common_a law_n when_o no_o private_a contract_n be_v more_o particular_o make_v if_o there_o be_v any_o private_a pact_n covenant_n and_o contract_v make_v before_o the_o marriage_n betwixt_o the_o husband_n and_o the_o wife_n by_o themselves_o by_o their_o parent_n or_o their_o friend_n

those_o have_v force_n and_o be_v keep_v according_a to_o the_o firmitie_n and_o strength_n in_o which_o they_o be_v make_v and_o this_o be_v enough_o of_o wife_n and_o marriage_n of_o child_n chap._n 7._o our_o child_n be_v not_o in_o potestate_fw-la parentum_fw-la as_o the_o child_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v but_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v puberes_fw-la which_o we_o call_v the_o age_n of_o discretion_n before_o that_o time_n nature_n do_v tell_v they_o be_v but_o as_o it_o be_v part_n parentum_fw-la that_o which_o be_v they_o they_o may_v give_v or_o sell_v &_o purchase_v to_o themselves_o either_o land_n and_o other_o movable_n the_o father_n have_v nothing_o to_o do_v therewith_o and_o therefore_o emancipatio_fw-la be_v clean_a superfluous_a we_o know_v not_o what_o it_o be_v likewise_o svi_fw-la haeredes_fw-la complaint_n the_o inofficioso_a testamento_fw-la or_o praeteritorum_fw-la liberorum_fw-la non_fw-la emancipatorum_fw-la have_v not_o effect_v nor_o use_v in_o our_o law_n nor_o we_o have_v no_o manner_n to_o make_v lawful_a child_n but_o by_o marriage_n and_o therefore_o we_o know_v not_o what_o be_v adoptio_fw-la nor_o arrogatio_fw-la the_o testator_n dispose_v in_o his_o last_o will_v his_o movable_a good_n free_o as_o he_o think_v meet_a and_o convenient_a without_o controlment_n of_o wife_n or_o child_n and_o our_o testament_n for_o good_n movable_a be_v not_o subject_a to_o the_o ceremony_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n but_o make_v with_o all_o liberty_n and_o freedom_n and_o jure_fw-la militari_fw-la of_o land_n as_o you_o have_v understand_v before_o there_o be_v difference_n for_o when_o the_o owner_n die_v his_o land_n descend_v only_o to_o his_o elder_a son_n all_o the_o rest_n both_o son_n &_o daughter_n have_v nothing_o by_o the_o common_a law_n but_o must_v serve_v their_o elder_a brother_n if_o they_o will_v or_o make_v what_o other_o shift_n they_o can_v to_o live_v except_o that_o the_o father_n in_o life_n time_n do_v make_v some_o conveyance_n and_o estate_n of_o part_n of_o his_o land_n to_o their_o use_n or_o else_o by_o devise_n which_o word_n amongst_o our_o lawyer_n do_v betoken_v a_o testament_n write_v seal_v and_o deliver_v in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o the_o testator_n before_o witness_n for_o without_o those_o ceremony_n a_o bequest_n of_o land_n be_v not_o available_a but_o by_o the_o common_a law_n if_o he_o that_o die_v have_v no_o son_n but_o daughter_n the_o land_n be_v equal_o divide_v among_o they_o which_o portion_n be_v make_v by_o agreement_n or_o by_o lot_n although_o as_o i_o have_v say_v ordinary_o and_o by_o the_o common_a law_n the_o elder_a son_n inherit_v all_o the_o land_n yet_o in_o some_o country_n all_o the_o son_n have_v equal_a portion_n and_o that_o be_v call_v ganelkinde_n and_o be_v in_o many_o place_n in_o kent_n in_o some_o place_n the_o young_a be_v sole_a heir_n and_o in_o some_o place_n after_o a_o other_o fashion_n but_o these_o be_v but_o particular_a custom_n of_o certain_a place_n and_o out_o of_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n do_v little_o appertain_v to_o the_o disputation_n of_o the_o policy_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n and_o may_v be_v infinite_a the_o common_a wealth_n be_v judge_v by_o that_o which_o be_v most_o ordinary_o and_o common_o do_v through_o the_o whole_a realm_n of_o bondage_n and_o bondman_n chap._n 8._o after_o that_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o all_o the_o sort_n of_o free_a man_n according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o their_o estate_n and_o person_n it_o rest_v to_o say_v somewhat_o of_o bondman_n which_o be_v call_v serui_fw-la which_o kind_n of_o people_n &_o the_o disposition_n of_o they_o and_o about_o they_o do_v occupy_v the_o most_o part_n of_o justinian_o digest_v and_o code_n the_o roman_n have_v two_o kind_n of_o bondman_n the_o one_o which_o be_v call_v serui_fw-la and_o they_o be_v either_o which_o be_v buy_v for_o money_n take_v in_o war_n leave_v by_o succession_n or_o purchase_v by_o other_o kind_n and_o lawful_a acquisition_n or_o else_o bear_v of_o their_o bond_n woman_n and_o call_v vernae_fw-la all_o those_o kind_n of_o bondman_n be_v call_v in_o our_o law_n villain_n in_o gross_a as_o you_o will_v say_v immediate_o bond_n to_o the_o person_n and_o his_o heir_n a_o other_o they_o have_v as_o appear_v in_o justinians_n time_n which_o they_o call_v adscripticij_fw-la glebae_fw-la or_o agri_fw-la censiti_fw-la these_o be_v not_o bond_n to_o the_o person_n but_o to_o the_o manor_n or_o place_n and_o do_v follow_v he_o who_o have_v the_o manor_n &_o in_o our_o law_n be_v call_v villain_n regardant_o for_o because_o they_o be_v as_o member_n or_o belong_v to_o the_o manor_n or_o place_n neither_o of_o the_o one_o sort_n nor_o of_o the_o other_o have_v we_o any_o number_n in_o england_n and_o of_o the_o first_o i_o never_o know_v any_o in_o the_o realm_n in_o my_o time_n of_o the_o second_o so_o few_o there_o be_v that_o it_o be_v not_o almost_o worth_a the_o speak_n but_o our_o law_n do_v acknowledge_v they_o in_o both_o those_o sort_n manumission_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o villain_n or_o bondman_n in_o england_n be_v use_v and_o do_v after_o diverse_a sort_n and_o by_o other_o and_o more_o light_a and_o easy_a mean_n than_o be_v prescribe_v in_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o be_v once_o manumit_v he_o be_v not_o libertus_fw-la manumittentis_fw-la but_o simple_o libre_fw-la howbeit_o since_o our_o realm_n have_v receive_v the_o christian_a religion_n which_o make_v we_o all_o in_o christ_n brethren_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o god_n and_o christ_n conseruos_fw-la man_n begin_v to_o have_v conscience_n to_o hold_v in_o captivity_n and_o such_o extreme_a bondage_n he_o who_o they_o must_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v his_o brother_n and_o as_o we_o use_v to_o term_v he_o christian_n that_o be_v who_o look_v in_o christ_n and_o by_o christ_n to_o have_v equal_a portion_n with_o they_o in_o the_o gospel_n and_o salvation_n upon_o this_o scruple_n in_o continuance_n of_o time_n and_o by_o long_a succession_n the_o holy_a father_n munke_n and_o friar_n in_o their_o confession_n and_o special_o in_o their_o extreme_a &_o deadly_a sickness_n burden_v the_o conscience_n of_o they_o who_o they_o have_v under_o their_o hand_n so_o that_o temporal_a man_n by_o little_a and_o little_a by_o reason_n of_o that_o terror_n in_o their_o conscience_n be_v glad_a to_o manumit_v all_o their_o villain_n but_o the_o say_v holy_a father_n with_o the_o abbot_n and_o prior_n do_v not_o in_o like_a sort_n by_o they_o for_o they_o have_v also_o conscience_n to_o impoverish_v and_o despoil_v the_o church_n so_o much_o as_o to_o manumit_v such_o as_o be_v bond_n to_o their_o church_n or_o to_o the_o manor_n which_o the_o church_n have_v get_v and_o so_o keep_v they_o still_o the_o same_o do_v the_o bishop_n also_o till_o at_o the_o last_o and_o now_o of_o late_a some_o bishop_n to_o make_v a_o piece_n of_o money_n manumit_v they_o partly_o for_o argent_a partly_o for_o slander_n that_o they_o seem_v more_o cruel_a than_o the_o temporalty_n after_o the_o monastery_n come_v into_o temporal_a man_n hand_n have_v be_v occasion_n that_o now_o they_o be_v almost_o all_o manumit_v the_o most_o part_n of_o bondman_n when_o they_o be_v yet_o be_v not_o use_v with_o we_o so_o cruel_o nor_o in_o that_o sort_n as_o the_o bondman_n at_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n as_o appear_v by_o their_o comedy_n nor_o as_o in_o gréece_n as_o appear_v by_o they_o but_o they_o be_v suffer_v to_o enjoy_v coppieholde_v land_n to_o gain_v and_o get_v as_o other_o serve_v that_o now_o and_o then_o their_o lord_n may_v fleece_n they_o and_o take_v a_o piece_n of_o money_n of_o they_o as_o in_o france_n the_o lord_n do_v tail_n they_o who_o they_o call_v their_o subject_n at_o their_o pleasure_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o pay_v such_o sum_n of_o money_n as_o they_o listen_v to_o put_v upon_o they_o i_o think_v both_o in_o france_n and_o england_n the_o change_n of_o religion_n to_o a_o more_o gentle_a humane_a and_o more_o equal_a sort_n as_o the_o christian_n religion_n as_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o gentile_n cause_v this_o old_a kind_n of_o servile_a servitude_n and_o slavery_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o that_o moderation_n for_o necessity_n first_o to_o villain_n regardant_o and_o after_o to_o servitude_n of_o land_n and_o tenor_n and_o by_o little_a and_o little_o find_v out_o more_o civil_a and_o gentle_a mean_n and_o more_o equal_a to_o have_v that_o do_v which_o in_o time_n of_o heathenesse_n servitude_n or_o bondage_n do_v they_o almost_o extinguish_v the_o whole_a for_o although_o all_o person_n christian_n be_v brethren_n by_o baptism_n in_o jesu_n christ_n and_o therefore_o may_v appear_v equal_o free_a yet_o some_o be_v and_o still_o may_v be_v christian_v be_v bond_n and_o serve_v and_o who_o as_o the_o

pay_v the_o rent_n accustom_v shall_v owe_v to_o the_o lord_n a_o certain_a faith_n duty_n trust_n obedience_n and_o as_o we_o term_v it_o certain_a service_n as_o libertus_fw-la or_o cliens_fw-la patrono_fw-la which_o because_o it_o do_v not_o consist_v in_o the_o person_n for_o the_o respect_n in_o they_o do_v not_o make_v they_o bond_n but_o in_o the_o land_n and_o occupation_n thereof_o it_o be_v more_o proper_o express_v in_o call_v the_o one_o tenant_n the_o other_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n than_o either_o libertus_fw-la or_o cliens_fw-la can_v do_v the_o one_o or_o patronus_fw-la the_o other_o for_o these_o word_n touch_v rather_o the_o person_n and_o the_o office_n and_o duty_n between_o they_o than_o the_o possession_n but_o in_o our_o case_n leave_v the_o possession_n and_o land_n all_o the_o obligation_n of_o servitude_n and_o service_n be_v go_v an_o other_o kind_n of_o servitude_n or_o bondage_n be_v use_v in_o england_n for_o the_o necessity_n thereof_o which_o be_v call_v apprenticehoode_n but_o this_o be_v only_o by_o covenaunt_n and_o for_o a_o time_n &_o during_o the_o time_n it_o be_v vera_fw-la seruitus_fw-la for_o whatsoever_o the_o apprentice_n get_v of_o his_o own_o labour_n or_o of_o his_o master_n occupation_n or_o stock_n he_o get_v to_o he_o who_o apprentice_n he_o be_v he_o must_v not_o lie_v forth_o of_o his_o master_n door_n he_o must_v not_o occupy_v any_o stock_n of_o his_o own_o nor_o marry_v without_o his_o master_n licence_n and_o he_o must_v do_v all_o servile_a office_n about_o the_o house_n and_o be_v obedient_a to_o all_o his_o master_n commandment_n and_o shall_v suffer_v such_o correction_n as_o his_o master_n shall_v think_v meet_a and_o be_v at_o his_o master_n clothing_n and_o nourish_a his_o master_n be_v bind_v only_o to_o this_o which_o i_o have_v say_v and_o to_o teach_v he_o his_o occupation_n and_o for_o that_o he_o serve_v some_o for_o seven_o or_o viij_o year_n some_o ix_o or_o x._o year_n as_o the_o master_n and_o the_o friend_n of_o the_o young_a man_n shall_v think_v meet_a or_o can_v agree_v altogether_o as_o polidore_n have_v note_v quasi_fw-la pro_fw-la emptitio_fw-la seruo_fw-la nevertheless_o that_o neither_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o name_n apprentice_n neither_o yet_o do_v the_o word_n betoken_v that_o which_o polydore_n suppose_v but_o it_o be_v a_o french_a word_n and_o betoken_v a_o learner_n or_o scholar_n apprendre_fw-fr in_o french_a be_v to_o learn_v and_o apprentice_n be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v in_o french_a of_o which_o tongue_n we_o borrow_v this_o word_n and_o many_o more_o other_o as_o discipulus_fw-la in_o latin_a likewise_o he_o to_o who_o he_o be_v bind_v be_v not_o call_v his_o lord_n but_o his_o master_n as_o you_o will_v say_v his_o teacher_n and_o the_o paction_n agree_v upon_o be_v put_v in_o writing_n sign_v and_o seal_v by_o the_o party_n and_o register_v for_o more_o assurance_n without_o be_v such_o a_o apprentice_n in_o london_n and_o serve_v out_o such_o a_o servitude_n in_o the_o same_o city_n for_o the_o number_n of_o year_n agree_v upon_o by_o order_n of_o the_o city_n amongst_o they_o no_o man_n be_v never_o so_o much_o bear_v in_o london_n and_o of_o parent_n londoner_n be_v admit_v to_o be_v a_o citizen_n or_o free_a man_n of_o london_n the_o like_a be_v use_v in_o other_o great_a city_n of_o england_n beside_o apprentice_n other_o be_v hire_v for_o wage_n and_o be_v call_v servant_n or_o serve_a man_n and_o woman_n throughout_o the_o whole_a realm_n which_o be_v not_o in_o such_o bondage_n as_o apprentice_n but_o serve_v for_o the_o time_n for_o daily_a ministry_n as_o serui_fw-la and_o ancillae_fw-la do_v in_o the_o time_n of_o gentility_n and_o be_v for_o other_o matter_n in_o liberty_n as_o full_a free_a man_n and_o woman_n but_o all_o servant_n labourer_n and_o other_o not_z marry_v must_v serve_v by_o the_o year_n and_o if_o he_o be_v in_o covenaunt_n he_o may_v not_o depart_v out_o of_o his_o service_n without_o his_o master_n licence_n and_o he_o must_v give_v his_o master_n warning_n that_o he_o will_v depart_v one_o quarter_n of_o a_o year_n before_o the_o term_n of_o the_o year_n expire_v or_o else_o he_o be_v compel_v to_o serve_v out_o a_o other_o year_n and_o if_o any_o young_a man_n unmarried_a be_v without_o service_n he_o be_v compel_v to_o get_v he_o a_o master_n who_o he_o must_v serve_v for_o that_o year_n or_o else_o he_o be_v punish_v with_o stock_n and_o whip_n as_o a_o idlè_fw-la vagabond_n and_o if_o any_o man_n marry_v or_o unmarried_a not_o have_v rend_v or_o live_a sufficient_a to_o maintain_v himself_o do_v live_v so_o idle_o he_o be_v inquire_v of_o and_o sometime_o send_v to_o the_o gaol_n sometime_o otherwise_o punish_v as_o a_o sturdy_a vagabond_n so_o much_o our_o policy_n do_v abborre_v idleness_n this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a charge_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n in_o every_o shire_n it_o be_v take_v for_o ungentlenesse_n and_o dishonour_n and_o a_o show_n of_o enmity_n if_o any_o gentleman_n do_v take_v a_o other_o gentleman_n servant_n although_o his_o master_n have_v put_v he_o away_o without_o some_o certificate_n from_o his_o master_n either_o by_o word_n or_o writing_n that_o he_o have_v discharge_v he_o of_o his_o service_n that_o which_o be_v speak_v of_o man_n servant_n the_o same_o be_v also_o speak_v of_o woman_n servant_n so_o that_o all_o youth_n that_o have_v not_o sufficient_a revenue_n to_o maintain_v itself_o must_v needs_o with_o we_o serve_v and_o that_o after_o a_o order_n as_o i_o have_v write_v thus_o necessity_n &_o want_n of_o bondman_n have_v make_v man_n to_o use_v fréeman_n as_o bondman_n to_o all_o servile_a service_n but_o yet_o more_o liberal_o and_o free_o and_o with_o a_o more_o equality_n and_o moderation_n than_o in_o time_n of_o gentility_n slave_n and_o bondeman_n be_v wont_v to_o be_v use_v as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o this_o first_o and_o latter_a fashion_n of_o temporal_a servitude_n and_o upon_o paction_n be_v use_v in_o such_o country_n as_o have_v leave_v off_o the_o old_a accustom_a manner_n of_o servant_n slave_n bondeman_n and_o bondwoman_n which_o be_v in_o use_n before_o they_o have_v receive_v the_o christian_a faith_n some_o after_o one_o ●ort_n and_o some_o either_o more_o or_o less_o rigorouslie_o according_a as_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o people_n be_v incline_v or_o have_v devise_v amongst_o themselves_o for_o the_o necessity_n of_o service_n of_o the_o court_n which_o be_v spiritual_a or_o ecclesiastical_a and_o in_o the_o book_n of_o law_n court_n christian_n or_o curia_fw-la christianitatis_fw-la chap._n 9_o the_o archebishop_n and_o bishop_n have_v a_o certain_a peculiar_a jurisdiction_n unto_o they_o especial_o in_o four_o manner_n of_o cause_n testament_n and_o legation_n tithe_n and_o mortuary_n marriage_n and_o adultery_n or_o fornication_n and_o also_o of_o such_o thing_n as_o appertain_v to_o order_n amongst_o themselves_o and_o matter_n concern_v religion_n for_o as_o it_o do_v appear_v our_o ancestor_n have_v the_o common_a wealth_n before_o ordain_v &_o set_v in_o frame_n when_o they_o do_v agree_v to_o receive_v the_o true_a and_o christian_a religion_n that_o which_o be_v establish_v before_o and_o concern_v extern_a policy_n which_o their_o apostle_n doctor_n and_o preacher_n do_v allow_v they_o hold_v and_o keep_v still_o with_o that_o which_o they_o bring_v in_o of_o new_a and_o those_o thing_n in_o keep_v whereof_o they_o make_v conscience_n they_o commit_v to_o they_o to_o be_v order_v and_o govern_v as_o such_o thing_n as_o of_o which_o they_o have_v no_o skill_n as_o to_o man_n in_o who_o for_o the_o holiness_n of_o their_o life_n and_o good_a conscience_n they_o have_v a_o great_a and_o sure_a confidence_n so_o those_o matter_n be_v order_v in_o their_o court_n and_o after_o the_o fashion_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o law_n civil_a or_o rather_o common_a by_o citation_n libel_n contestationem_fw-la litis_fw-la 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