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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	degree_n	lie_v	minute_n	3,630	5	11.6054	5	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A43326	A new discovery of a vast country in America extending above four thousand miles between New France and New Mexico, with a description of the great lakes, cataracts, rivers, plants and animals : also the manners, customs, and languages of the several native Indians ... : with a continuation, giving an account of the attempts of the Sieur De la Salle upon the mines of St. Barbe, &c., the taking of Quebec by the English, with the advantages of a shorter cut to China and Japan : both parts illustrated with maps and figures and dedicated to His Majesty, K. William / by L. Hennepin ... ; to which is added several new discoveries in North-America, not publish'd in the French edition.; Nouvelle découverte d'un très grand pays situé dans l'Amérique entre le Nouveau Mexique et la mer Glaciale. English	Hennepin, Louis, 17th cent.; La Salle, Robert Cavelier, sieur de, 1643-1687.; Joliet, Louis, 1645-1700.; Marquette, Jacques, 1637-1675.	1698 (1698)	Wing H1450; ESTC R6723	330,063	596

sorts they were surrounded on the sudden by several Companies of Savages arm'd with Bows and Arrows But these three Men stood upon their Defence kill'd the Chief of those Barbarians and cut off his Hair This Action frighted the Enemy and dispers'd them nevertheless some time after they kill'd an European whom they found stragling On the 13th of October the Sieur la Salle considering how he was continually insulted by the Savages and being willing besides to get either by fair or foul means some of their Pyrogues or Canows of Wood which he had great occasion for resolv'd to make War upon them in order if possible to bring them to an advantageous Peace He therefore march'd out with sixty Men arm'd with Corslets of Wood proof against the Arrows of the Barbarians He at last arriv'd at the Place where they were got together and in several Rencounters he had with them both by Day and Night he put part of them to flight wounded a great Number kill'd as many and took several Prisoners most of which were Children Among these there was A Girl three or four Years old who was Baptiz'd and died some few Days after She was as the First Fruits of this Mission In the mean time those that were come in order to lay the Foundation of the Colony begun to build Houses and plough the Ground of that Desart They sow'd Corn that had been preserv'd in the Ear which therefore turn'd to better account than the other had done They went over to the other side of the Bay in Canows of Wood where they found near a great River a vast quantity of Game especially wild Bulls and Cows with some Turkey-Cocks Over and above all these they bred all sorts of tame Cattel and Fowl in their Plantations such as Cows Swine Hens c. which multiply'd apace The War they had made upon the Savages had secur'd for a while the Ease and Safety of the Colony But a new Misfortune succeeded to all the former The Sieur la Salle had often entertain'd me in our Voyages about the unheard-of Cruelties which the Spaniards had exercis'd in Peru and New Mexico over the People of those Great Empires where they had destroy'd as far as they could both Men and Women and had only preserv'd the Children to make in some measure a New People of them He highly disapprov'd that Conduct of the Spaniards and blam'd it as unworthy of Men that profess'd themselves Christians I said all I could to excuse them and gave him to understand That unless they had destroy'd a great number of Mexicans they would certainly have perish'd in their Enterprizes That whole Armies had often fallen upon them with design to cut them in pieces and that Policy had oblig'd them to take away so many Men's Lives to secure their Conquests It seems to me as if the Sieur la Salle had forgot what he blam'd in the Conduct of the Spaniards with respect to his New Discoveries He might very well have imagin'd that the Savages who never forgive after they have been once provok'd as Experience convinces us by the Iroquois who reveng'd themselves upon the Canadians after a seeming Reconcilement would never fail to get Satisfaction of the War he had made upon them And indeed we see that the Iroquois are still actually in War with the Inhabitants of Canada whereas they never made any Hostility upon the Dutch The reason of which is that the Dutch never offer'd to insult them altho' they had often an opportunity to do it The Sieur la Salle who had a penetrating Wit and with that the Talent of winning upon the Savages ought to have consider'd that sooner or later either he or his Men would suffer in the setling of the Colony for the open War he made upon those People Besides he did by that very thing lay a great Obstacle to the Conversion of those Barbarians and ruin'd before-hand all the Labour of the Missionaries he had taken along with him For indeed any Christian that designs the Conversion of Souls ought to use none but fair means This is the Lesson which our Saviour gives us Himself in these Words Learn of me for I am meek and humble of Heart The Sieur la Salle had order'd the Captain of the Frigat which was the only Ship he had left to sound very exactly the Bay where he design'd to make a Settlement and view the Ground as he went along and above all things he had strictly charg'd him to cause all his Men to retire every Night a-board the Frigat But theCaptain and Six of the best and stoutest of his Men charm'd by the Mildness of the Season and the Beauty of the place having left their Canow and their Arms on the Mud it being low Water advanc'd about a Musket-shot into the Meadow to rest themselves on dry Ground They hapned to fall asleep which being perceiv'd by a Company of Savages they presently fell upon them being favour'd by the Night butcher'd them in a most cruel manner and broke their Canow and Arms in pieces A tragical Adventure which put the whole Camp under the greatest Consternation After they had perform'd the Funeral Rites of these unfortunate Wretches the Sieur la Salle leaving six Months Provisions to those who remain'd in the Camp set out with twenty Men and the Sieur Cavelier a Priest his Brother in order to seek by Land the Mouth of the River Meschasipi This Bay which he found to lie in 27 Degrees 45 Minutes of Latitude is the Receptacle of several Rivers of which none seem'd broad or deep enough to be one of the Arms of that Great River The Sieur la Salle run them all over thinking that either those little Rivers were form'd a little higher by an Arm of the Meschasipi or that by going further cross the Country he would find out the Running of that River He was a longer time than he expected about this Discovery being oblig'd to cross the Rivers he met in his way with Cajeux and over and above all that to intrench himself every Night against the Insults of the Barbarians The continual Rains render'd the Ways very difficult and made Torrents in a great many places However he thought at last to have found the River he was in quest of on the 13th of February 1686. They built there a Fort in which the Sieur la Salle left one half of his Men and taking the other half along with him pursu'd his Discovery through the finest Countries in the World crossing several Villages inhabited by numerous Nations who treated him with great Humanity At last he went back to his Men and arriv'd at the General Camp on the 31st of March charm'd with the Beauty and Fertility of the Country the incredible quantity of all manner of Game and the numerous Nations he had met with in his way But GOD Almighty prepar'd for him a greater Trial than all the former which was the loss of his Frigat This

of the New Colonies in our Discoveries may be made by Degrees by Secular and Laick Persons So that Poople may be assur'd that after a great many Ages the Franciscan Friars shall have no more Right than they have at Present to the Ground and Lands of those vast Countries Whereas if there were sent a great number of Missionaries they would in time be possess'd of the principal Mannors and best Lands and grow Masters both of the Temporality and Spirituality as we may shew in another Volume in this City Utrecht if it be thought proper for the Good of the Publick which I shall ever prefer to my Private Interest My Design is not in all this to give Offence to any body no not to those very Persons who have a Spite against me without any manner of Cause and who have been so base and ungrateful to me as to blemish my Reputation and with-hold the Money I had put in their Hands for my Subsistence for which I stand oblig'd to His Majesty of Great Britain with whose Approbation I am now in this City and who did me the Honour to demand me of my Superiors A TABLE OF THE CHAPTERS Chap. I. THE Sieur la Salle undertakes the Discovery of the Meschasipi through the Gulf of Mexico and plants a sort of Colony at the Bay of St. Louis Chap. II. Vnfortunate Adventures which befall the Sieur la Salle Chap. III. Vnfortunate Adventures of the Two Voyages the Sieur la Salle undertakes to go to the Illinois Chap. IV. The sequel of the Sieur la Salle who sought the River Meschasipi He is kindly receiv'd by the Cenis from whence he pursues his Discovery Chap. V. A Short Description of Fort St. Louis Of its advantageous Situation and adjacent Lands Chap. VI. The Sieur la Salle's Departure from the Bay of St. Louis to go to the Illinois Chap. VII The Sieur la Salle is unfortunately murder'd by the Men under his Conduct Three Men kill'd before him Chap. VIII Reflections of the Author of this Work upon the Life and Death of the Sieur la Salle whose Murderers kill'd one another Chap. IX The Cenis put the Sieur Cavelier a Priest Father Anastasius and their Companions in a way of pursuing their Iourney through several barbarous Nations Chap. X. A Voyage of the Sieur Cavelier a Priest and Father Anastasius a Recollect in a Canow in order to go to the Illinois and several other Circumstances concerning their Return Chap. XI Reflections of the Author upon the Voyage to China The Belief of most Savages in the Northern America touching a sort of Creation of the World and the Immortality of the Soul Chap. XII Means whereby Savages may be converted Who are those which ought or ought not to be Baptiz'd Chap. XIII The Savages of the Northern America acknowledge no Deity Of the pretended Souls of Terrestrial Animals Chap. XIV Of the great Difficulties in Converting of Savages Of the Prayer by Rote and Martyrdom Chap. XV. How the Savages Feast among themselves Chap. XVI How Europeans are Adopted among the Savages Chap. XVII Marriages of the Savages in the Northern America Chap. XVIII The Remedies us'd by the Savages when sick There are Quacks amongst them The Opinion they had of the Christening of a Child whilst the Author was amongst them Chap. XIX Of the Complexion or Temper of the Savages Chap. XX. Description of the Savages that are cloth'd and those that are not Chap. XXI Of the Games and Diversions of the Savages Chap. XXII How the Savages wage War They are very revengeful Chap. XXIII Cruelty of the Sav●ges in general and of the Iroquois in particular Chap. XXIV Policy of the Savage Iroquois Chap. XXV How the Savages hunt De●r Admirable Industry of Castors Chap. XXVI How Savages are us'd to Fish Chap. XXVII Vtensils us'd by the Savages in their Hutts Extraordinary way of striking Fire Chap. XXVIII How Savages interr their Dead Of their Feasts of the Dead with some Reflections upon the Immortality of the Soul Chap. XXIX Of the Superstitions of the Savages and their ridiculous Opinions Chap. XXX Obstacles which occurr in the Conversion of Savages Chap. XXXI Barbarous and rude ways of the Savages Chap. XXXII Of the indifferent Humour of the Savages Chap. XXXIII Of the Beauty and Fertility of the Country of the Savages That great and powerful Colonies may be planted in the North and South Chap. XXXIV How the Savages hold their Councils Their Policy and Stratagems against their Enemies and Cruelties against the Europeans How they are to be stopp'd Chap. XXXV Proper means to plant good Colonies Thoughts of the Savages about Heaven and Earth Chap. XXXVI History of the Irruption of the English into Canada in 1628. The Taking of Quebec the Capital City of that Country in 1629. The very civil Vsage they shew'd to the Recollects of that City Chap. XXXVII How Franciscan Friars have out-don● the Jesuits in their Missions over all the Habitable World Chap. XXXVIII Sentiments a Missionary ought to have in the small Progress he meets with in his Labours Several other Accounts of New Discoveries in America A VOYAGE THROUGH A Vast Country Larger than EUROPE Lately discover'd betwixt the Frozen Sea and New Mexico CHAP. I. The Sieur la Salle undertakes the Discovery of Meschasipi through the Gulf of Mexico and plants a sort of Colony at St. Louis-Bay MEN ought to be satisfy'd with Reason upon all occasions and when they cannot intirely excuse the intention of those at whose hands they have receiv'd some ill Treatment they should at least like good Christians rather ascribe it to an erroneous Prepossession than downright Malice I have lived near Three Years in Quality of Missionary with the Sieur Robert Cavelier de la Salle in the Fort of Katarakoüy or Frontenac of which he was both Owner and Governour During our long Sojourn there he and I together used to bestow great part of our Time upon the Reading the Travels of Iohn Pontius of Leon Pamphilus Narvaëz Christopher Columbus Ferdinand Soto and several other great Travellers the better to fit our selves for the Discovery we design'd to make The Sieur la Salle had a Mind equal to the greatest Undertakings and he may justly be rank'd among the most famous Travellers of many Ages since in effect he has exhausted himself to accomplish the greatest the most important and the most difficult and thwarted Discovery that has been made in our days He has preserv'd his Men in those Countries where all the other Adventurers except Christopher Columbus have perish'd without reaping any Advantage by their Undertakings although they have employ'd above Two hundred thousand Men about them Never did any Person before the Sieur la Salle and me ingage in such a Design with so few Men among so many unknown Nations as we have discover'd Our first Thought whilst we were yet at Frontenac was to find out if possible the Passage so long sought before to the South Sea without going

Doctrine and precepts of the Gospel and Christian Religion how much more ought Apostoli●k Men to acknowledge and revere this Sovereign and immediate Operation of the spirit of God in regard of those Nations who have no notion of Religion true or f●lse who live without Precept Order or Law without God and without Worship whose Reason is wholly buried in matter and uncapable of the most common Arguments of Faith and Religion Such are the People of Canada all along the River St. Laurence and in general all the other Nations of whom I have made mention in my Louisiana in the preceeding Volume and in this which I am now finishing The Missionaries then must acknowledge with the profoundest Humility that the work of Converting so many blinded Nations is beyond their Force that it appertains alone to the Father of Spirits as St. Paul says who holds the heart of Man in the palm of his hand to remove the veil that covers their eyes to enlighten their understanding and disperse the thick clouds of darkness in which they are inveloped to new mold their inclinations and soften their hearts to civilize and make them susceptible of the Laws which Reason suggests and subject them to those which Religion prescribes in a word to inlighten their minds and lead them by virtue of his Grace into the knowledge of love and truth This is the Foundation of the true Apostle-ship in regard to the Natives of Canada and my other Discoveries and indeed twelve hundred leagues farther up The great Points of Simplicity of Faith of Humility Grace and the Unction of the holy Spirit which I shall always have engraven in my Heart ought then to animate those whom it hath pleased God to call to publish the Gospel amongst these numerous Nations for whose Salvation I shall be ever ready to expose my life and all that I have most ●recious in this World even to the Death But before we hazard the Sacrificing our selves to this end we are to lay it down for our Principle that no one can be effectually drawn to Iesus Christ the Son of God if the Father of Lights draw him not by the virtue of his Victorious Grace That his Invisible Spirit moves and inspires when it pleases and where That the very Moments proper for the dispensation of his Grace are known to God and are in his power as the Father and Master of our Destiny and that having called all Men to Faith in the Fulness of his bounty which is common to all he gives them in his appointed time such natural and interior Graces as are sufficient to lead them to the Truth the work is not altogether of him that runs nor of him that wills but of him chiefly that touches and inlightens thro' the Effect of his great Mercy That therefore with greater reason the work and the glory of it is not his that Preaches or his that Plants or tha● Waters these are but weak and feeble Instruments but his indeed who gives the increase That Faith is the gift of God That the Sacrifice of all Nature can not merit by any right so much as the first Grace of Vocation so far is it from falling within the Compass of our m●rit That Men labour in vain to erect the Spiritual building of Faith if God be not on their side to prepare and dispose the Work An humble Simplicity ought therefore to run through and be as it were the very Soul of all the Apostolick labours of the Missionaries who have either gone before or shall come after me for the winning of Souls to Jesus Christ in the many vast Discoveries which I have made in Canada and amongst the other Nations of my Louisiana and the drawing them to their Ministry through this spirit of dependency as simple Organs and mere instruments of his Charity to whom alone ought to be given the glory of the Conversion of the little flock and if at any time the progress we mak● be not answerable to our zealous endeavours then ought we with the profoundest submission and resignation to the will of God to rest highly satisfied within our felves when we can say we have done our part and what was expected of us in our Ministry tho after all we must own our selves to be unprofitable Servants I beg of God upon my bended knees with my hands lifted up to Heaven as I am now finishing this 3 d Volume of my Discoveries that he would be pleased to imprint yet deeper in my heart those humble and submissive thoughts which I ought to have to his Orders and those of my Superiours touching the Salvation of those several Nati●ns which have been buried so many Ages in the darkness of Ignorance that he would enable me to Sacrifice the best of my days to so good an end freely resigning my self to the holy dispensation of his Providence whether Life or Death and that I may be so happy as to leave behind me an example truly Apostolical worthy the imitation of all Missionaries full of light and ability grace and virtue zeal and courage to hazard all things for the Conversion of Souls encounter the boldest difficulties and bear up under the greatest disappointments and mortifications for the fulfilling of their Ministery I pray God with all my heart that Missionaries of all Orders might spread themselves in their Missions from one Sea to the other that with me they might be of the number of the chosen Vessels ordained to carry the name of the Lord amongst the People and Nations that Inhabit the utmost parts of the Earth and that the Providence of Him that I adore would be pleased to strengthen his Church Militant with a greater number of Labourers who by their Ministry may enlarge the Vineyard and second the Endeavours of all the other Orders both Regular and Secular in the New Plantations of the Kingdom of Iesus Christ. Jane Williams AN ACCOUNT OF SEVERAL New Discoveries IN North-America AN ACCOUNT OF New-France M. Ioliet who was sent by Count Frontenac to discover a Way into the South-Sea brought an exact Account of his Voyage with a Map of it but his Canow being over-set at the Foot of the Fall of St. Louis in sight of Montroyal his Chest and his two Men were lost therefore the following Account contains only what he has remembred I set out from the Bay of Puans in the Latitude of 42 Degrees 4 Minutes and having travell'd about 60 Leagues to the Westward I found a Portage and carrying our Canow's over-over-land for half a League I embark'd with six Men on the River Misconsing which brought us into the Meschasipi in the Latitude of 42 Degrees and an half on the 15 th of Iune 1674. This Portage is but 40 Leagues from the Mississipi This River is half a League broad its Stream is gentle to the latitude of 38 Degrees for a River from the West-North-West which runs into it increase so much its Rapidity that we cou'd make