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much_o less_o but_o if_o it_o be_v not_o less_o it_o can_v be_v that_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o same_o meridian_n with_o the_o promontory_n of_o 3_o point_n but_o must_v needs_o be_v more_o to_o the_o westward_n hereof_o it_o come_v that_o the_o mariner_n be_v very_o oft_o deceive_v when_o they_o go_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o follow_v that_o direction_n which_o the_o sea-chart_n show_v they_o which_o place_n when_o they_o find_v not_o by_o that_o course_n they_o think_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o that_o error_n be_v either_o some_o swift_a current_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o carry_v they_o another_o way_n or_o else_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o loadstone_n from_o the_o true_a pole_n of_o the_o world_n although_o perchance_o they_o err_v only_o because_o they_o know_v not_o how_o those_o place_n do_v bear_v one_o from_o another_o globe_n 4._o neither_o be_v they_o only_o deceive_v in_o that_o because_o they_o think_v that_o the_o sea-chart_n can_v show_v the_o situation_n of_o all_o place_n but_o also_o because_o that_o when_o they_o will_v translate_v the_o sea_n coast_v out_o of_o the_o chart_n into_o the_o globe_n they_o do_v it_o have_v respect_n only_o to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o degree_n of_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n find_v therein_o and_o no_o otherwise_o then_o when_o they_o set_v the_o fix_a star_n into_o a_o celestial_a globe_n so_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o not_o only_o those_o error_n be_v commit_v which_o do_v necessary_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o common_a sea-chart_n but_o other_o error_n also_o which_o may_v be_v avoid_v if_o they_o first_o turn_v into_o degree_n those_o distance_n of_o longitude_n which_o they_o have_v true_o know_v and_o then_o follow_v the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n of_o place_n sea-chart_n 5._o in_o show_v the_o distance_n of_o place_n there_o be_v as_o great_a error_n commit_v as_o in_o any_o of_o the_o former_a for_o example_n if_o you_o imagine_v 2_o ship_n to_o be_v under_o the_o aequinoctial_a 100_o league_n asunder_o and_o that_o each_o of_o they_o shall_v sail_v from_o thence_o due_a north_n or_o south_n under_o his_o meridian_n until_o they_o come_v to_o the_o parallel_n of_o 60_o degree_n latitude_n they_o shall_v be_v there_o but_o only_o 50_o league_n distant_a because_o at_o that_o parallel_n the_o meridian_n be_v distant_a but_o half_a so_o much_o one_o from_o another_o as_o they_o be_v at_o the_o aequinoctial_a as_o it_o may_v most_o manifest_o appear_v by_o the_o globe_n and_o yet_o the_o chart_n will_v show_v that_o those_o two_o ship_n have_v the_o self_n same_o distance_n of_o 100_o league_n be_v under_o the_o parallel_n of_o 60_o degree_n which_o they_o have_v before_o when_o they_o be_v under_o the_o aequinoctial_a line_n compass_n 6_o there_o be_v yet_o another_o error_n remain_v though_o all_o the_o former_a be_v avoid_v which_o arise_v hereof_o because_o that_o by_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o compass_n they_o bend_v and_o turn_v the_o ship_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o they_o constrain_v it_o always_o to_o make_v the_o same_o angle_n with_o the_o meridian_n as_o when_o they_o sail_v from_o vshent_n to_o cape_n raso_n both_o lie_v under_o the_o same_o parallel_n they_o guide_v the_o ship_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o it_o make_v always_o right_a angle_n with_o the_o meridian_n and_o so_o hold_v on_o their_o course_n due_a west_n they_o keep_v themselves_o always_o under_o the_o same_o parallel_n whereas_o notwithstanding_o there_o be_v a_o more_o certain_a course_n whereby_o they_o may_v go_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o without_o that_o loss_n of_o way_n which_o they_o must_v needs_o make_v that_o keep_v themselves_o always_o under_o the_o same_o parallel_n there_o be_v moreover_o another_o commodity_n in_o this_o kind_n of_o sail_v that_o we_o may_v find_v every_o day_n by_o a_o more_o certain_a account_n what_o way_n we_o have_v make_v and_o know_v in_o what_o place_n we_o be_v but_o this_o way_n be_v not_o to_o be_v define_v by_o any_o of_o the_o lesser_a circle_n but_o by_o a_o great_a circle_n which_o be_v to_o be_v draw_v by_o those_o two_o place_n and_o the_o ark_n of_o that_o great_a circle_n contain_v betwixt_o the_o same_o place_n be_v less_o than_o the_o ark_n of_o the_o parallel_n which_o lie_v between_o they_o as_o may_v be_v conclude_v by_o a_o evident_a and_o necessary_a reason_n out_o of_o the_o principle_n of_o geometry_n much_o like_a as_o a_o straight_a line_n be_v short_a than_o a_o crooked_a both_o be_v extend_v between_o the_o same_o prick_n therefore_o this_o commodity_n be_v also_o hereunto_o adjoin_v that_o in_o sail_v by_o a_o great_a circle_n the_o way_n be_v more_o short_a and_o compendious_a but_o he_o that_o enter_v into_o this_o course_n of_o sail_v must_v know_v that_o he_o must_v often_o change_v the_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n whereupon_o he_o guide_v the_o ship_n because_o of_o the_o variable_a
55_o 160_o 401.357_o 537.178_o 251.865.582_o  _fw-fr 56_o 160_o 938.535_o 545.704_o 260.459.920_o 8.594.338_o 57_o 161_o 484.239_o 554.505_o 271_o 919.077_o 11.459.157_o 58_o 162_o 038_o 744_o 563.594_o 289_o 107.811_o 17.188.734_o 59_o 162.602.338_o 572.986_o 323.485.279_o 34.377.468_o chap._n iii_o the_o use_n of_o the_o two_o first_o column_n of_o the_o table_n of_o latitude_n for_o graduate_v a_o meridian_n in_o the_o general_a sea-chart_n before_o you_o can_v make_v use_n of_o this_o table_n for_o the_o true_a graduate_n or_o divide_v of_o a_o meridian_n of_o this_o chart_n into_o his_o degree_n or_o other_o part_n of_o latitude_n increase_v from_o the_o aequinoctial_a towards_o the_o north_n and_o south_n in_o such_o proportion_n as_o before_o have_v be_v show_v there_o must_v be_v first_o some_o preparation_n make_v to_o that_o end_n which_o may_v be_v do_v after_o this_o manner_n overthwart_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o plain_a superficies_n whereupon_o you_o will_v draw_v the_o lineament_n of_o the_o chart_n describe_v a_o right_a line_n represent_v the_o aequinoctial_a circle_n which_o you_o shall_v divide_v into_o 360_o part_n or_o degree_n and_o cross_v the_o same_o squirewise_o with_o right_a line_n by_o every_o five_o or_o ten_o degree_n then_o take_v with_o your_o compass_n the_o length_n of_o half_a the_o aequinoctial_a that_o be_v 180_o degree_n and_o set_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o the_o mutual_a intersection_n of_o the_o aequinoctial_a with_o the_o perpendicular_a or_o meridian_n that_o pass_v by_o either_o end_n of_o the_o aequinoctial_a with_o the_o other_o foot_n make_v a_o prick_n in_o the_o same_o perpendicular_a or_o meridian_n the_o space_n contain_v betwixt_o this_o prick_n and_o the_o aequinoctial_a divide_v first_o into_o three_o equal_a part_n and_o every_o one_o of_o these_o into_o other_o three_o so_o have_v you_o nine_o in_o all_o and_o again_o every_o one_o of_o these_o into_o three_o so_o have_v you_o 27_o part_n and_o every_o one_o of_o these_o part_n divide_v into_o four_o so_o have_v you_o 108_o part_n and_o again_o if_o there_o be_v space_n enough_o divide_v every_o one_o of_o these_o into_o 10_o or_o 100_o so_o shall_v you_o have_v 1080_o or_o 10800_o part_n which_o will_v bring_v you_o to_o the_o latitude_n of_o 85_o degree_n and_o something_o more_o but_o if_o you_o will_v make_v your_o chart_n to_o any_o great_a latitude_n you_o shall_v continue_v forth_o the_o foresay_a perpendicular_a and_o divide_v it_o into_o so_o many_o more_o of_o the_o same_o part_n as_o you_o shall_v find_v needful_a to_o attain_v to_o the_o latitude_n you_o desire_v then_o note_v every_o five_o and_o ten_o part_n with_o black_a lead_n and_o set_v figure_n at_o they_o begin_v at_o the_o aequinoctial_a latitude_n and_o from_o thence_o proceed_v northwards_o and_o southwards_o then_o look_v what_o number_n in_o the_o second_o column_n be_v answerable_a to_o each_o degree_n or_o minute_n in_o the_o first_o column_n of_o this_o table_n of_o latitude_n omit_v always_o four_o or_o five_o of_o the_o first_o figure_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o at_o the_o same_o number_n of_o part_n in_o the_o perpendicular_o make_v prick_n on_o either_o side_n the_o aequinoctial_a by_o which_o prick_n draw_v right_a line_n equidistant_a from_o the_o aequinoctial_a for_o they_o shall_v be_v the_o parallel_n of_o the_o true_a nautical_a planisphere_n or_o sea-chart_n notwithstanding_o these_o parallel_n be_v all_o oâ—â—hem_n a_o little_o further_a distant_a from_o the_o aequinoctial_a then_o in_o truth_n they_o shall_v be_v and_o so_o much_o the_o more_o the_o further_o they_o be_v from_o the_o aequinoctial_a which_o error_n may_v be_v something_o the_o less_o if_o the_o former_a table_n have_v be_v first_o make_v to_o small_a part_n than_o minute_n but_o that_o be_v a_o matter_n more_o curious_a than_o necessary_a the_o table_n here_o before_o set_v down_o be_v so_o near_o the_o truth_n that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a by_o any_o rule_n or_o instrument_n of_o navigation_n to_o discover_v any_o sensible_a error_n in_o the_o sea-chart_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o shall_v be_v make_v according_a thereto_o the_o figure_n follow_v contain_v only_o one_o part_n of_o the_o nautical_a planisphaere_n from_o the_o aequinoctial_a northwards_o because_o the_o other_o part_n from_o the_o aequinoctial_a southwards_o must_v be_v altogether_o like_a and_o equal_a to_o this_o herein_o first_o i_o draw_v the_o aequinoctial_a line_n ac_fw-la and_o divide_v it_o into_o 36_o equal_a part_n whereof_o every_o one_o be_v understand_v to_o contain_v ten_o degree_n and_o i_o raise_v perpendicular_o from_o every_o one_o of_o those_o part_n which_o be_v the_o meridian_n of_o the_o nautical_a planisphaere_n every_o where_o aequidistant_a each_o from_o other_o then_o i_o take_v half_o the_o length_n of_o the_o aequinoctial_a with_o the_o compass_n and_o set_v one_o foot_n in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o aequinoctial_a at_o c_z with_o the_o other_o foot_n i_o make_v a_o prick_n at_o d_o in_o the_o perpendicular_a or_o meridian_n cd_o the_o space_n contain_v betwixt_o c_o and_o d_o i_o divide_v into_o 1080_o part_n understand_v every_o one_o of_o the_o small_a part_n or_o segment_n of_o the_o line_n cd_o to_o contain_v ten_o lesser_a part_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o before_o have_v be_v show_v and_o set_v figure_n to_o they_o as_o here_o you_o see_v for_o the_o ready_a number_n and_o find_v out_o of_o any_o of_o those_o part_n then_o i_o look_v in_o the_o former_a table_n what_o number_n of_o equal_a part_n of_o the_o meridian_n answer_v to_o every_o ten_o degree_n and_o cast_a away_o five_o of_o the_o first_o figure_n next_o the_o right_a hand_n because_o i_o conceive_v the_o space_n betwixt_o c_o and_o d_o to_o be_v divide_v only_o into_o 1080_o part_n i_o find_v out_o the_o part_n answerable_a to_o the_o number_n remain_v in_o the_o line_n cd_o and_o at_o those_o part_n i_o make_v prick_v by_o which_o i_o draw_v the_o parallel_n as_o for_o example_n in_o the_o table_n the_o number_n answerable_a to_o ten_o degree_n be_v 60_o cast_v away_o the_o five_o first_o figure_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n therefore_o i_o look_v 60_o in_o the_o line_n cd_o and_o by_o that_o part_n i_o draw_v the_o parallel_n of_o ten_o degree_n distance_n from_o the_o aequinoctial_a likewise_o the_o number_n answer_v to_o twenty_o degree_n omit_v the_o five_o first_o figure_n be_v 122_o therefore_o by_o that_o number_n of_o equal_a part_n i_o draw_v the_o parallel_n of_o twenty_o degree_n latitude_n from_o the_o equinoctial_a etc._n etc._n and_o after_o this_o manner_n i_o draw_v all_o the_o rest_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o former_a draught_n the_o draught_n of_o the_o meridian_n parallel_n and_o rumb_n of_o the_o nautical_a planisphear_n true_o make_v chap._n four_o 〈◊〉_d way_n for_o graduate_a the_o meridian_n of_o a_o general_a sea-chart_n otherwise_o for_o the_o divide_n of_o the_o meridian_n of_o a_o general_a sea-chart_n into_o his_o degree_n and_o other_o small_a part_n of_o latitude_n when_o the_o chart_n have_v not_o so_o great_a latitude_n or_o breadth_n from_o the_o equinoctial_a towards_o the_o north_n or_o south_n as_o have_v the_o figure_n before_o set_v down_o you_o may_v go_v thus_o to_o work_v first_o find_v out_o what_o proportion_n the_o whole_a longitude_n or_o length_n of_o the_o chart_n from_o west_n to_o east_n must_v have_v to_o the_o whole_a breadth_n thereof_o betwixt_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o most_o northerly_a and_o southerly_a place_n that_o be_v to_o be_v set_v down_o therein_o which_o may_v be_v do_v after_o this_o manner_n out_o of_o the_o second_o column_n of_o the_o table_n of_o latitude_n take_v the_o number_n of_o equal_a part_n of_o the_o meridian_n answerable_a to_o the_o great_a north_n and_o south_n latitude_n that_o be_v to_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o chart_n divide_v those_o number_n by_o 600,000_o that_o be_v the_o number_n of_o equal_a part_n of_o the_o meridian_n answerable_a to_o one_o degree_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a the_o quotient_n will_v show_v how_o many_o degree_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a the_o breadth_n of_o the_o chart_n must_v be_v on_o either_o side_n the_o equinoctial_a towards_o the_o north_n and_o south_n as_o for_o example_n in_o the_o general_a sea-â—hart_a to_o be_v adjoin_v to_o this_o book_n the_o latitude_n of_o the_o north_n 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o new_a land_n find_v by_o the_o hollander_n about_o the_o year_n â—596_n and_o by_o they_o call_v gebrooken_v land_n lie_v northwards_o â—rom_o norway_n be_v about_o 80_o degree_n and_o the_o latitude_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n island_n first_o find_v by_o sir_n francis_n drake_n lie_v to_o the_o southwards_o of_o magellanes_n straits_n be_v about_o 53_o degree_n the_o â—umbers_n of_o equal_a part_n of_o the_o meridian_n answerable_a to_o these_o laâ—â—tudes_n find_v out_o in_o the_o foresay_a table_n of_o
clavius_n his_o gross_a demonstration_n hereof_o 90_o a_o more_o exact_a demonst_a with_o the_o practice_n thereof_o 92_o the_o angle_n of_o dip_v for_o any_o height_n of_o the_o eye_n 96_o 3_o error_n by_o the_o parallax_n of_o the_o sun_n correct_v 96_o 4_o error_n in_o observe_v by_o the_o refraction_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o star_n correct_v 97_o chap._n 16·_a fault_n amend_v in_o the_o table_n of_o the_o sun_n declination_n common_o call_v the_o regiment_n of_o the_o sun_n 97_o chap._n 17._o of_o the_o table_n of_o declination_n of_o every_o minute_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a in_o degree_n min._n and_o sec._n make_v according_a to_o the_o great_a obliquity_n of_o the_o zodiac_n this_o present_a age_n which_o by_o exact_a observation_n be_v find_v to_o be_v 23_o degree_n 31_o min._n and_o a_o half_a 98_o a_o table_n of_o the_o declination_n of_o every_o minute_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a in_o degree_n min._n and_o sec._n 101_o chap._n 18._o the_o use_n of_o the_o former_a table_n of_o declination_n 116_o chap._n 19_o the_o description_n and_o use_n of_o a_o great_a quadrant_n for_o observation_n of_o the_o sun_n on_o land_n 120_o a_o table_n of_o observation_n of_o the_o sun_n meridian_n altitude_n take_v by_o the_o foresay_a quadrant_n in_o the_o year_n 1594_o 1595_o 1596_o 1597_o at_o london_n  _fw-fr chap._n 20._o the_o find_n of_o the_o sun_n apogeum_n and_o eccentricity_n out_o of_o the_o former_a observation_n 142_o to_o know_v the_o time_n of_o the_o sun_n come_v to_o any_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a 142_o chap._n 21._o the_o middle_a motion_n of_o the_o sun_n correct_v out_o of_o the_o former_a observation_n 150_o a_o table_n of_o the_o sun_n middle_a motion_n 152_o chap._n 22._o a_o new_a theoric_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o the_o make_n of_o the_o table_n of_o the_o sun_n prosthaphaereses_n 154_o a_o table_n of_o the_o sun_n prosthaphaereses_n 157_o chap._n 23._o the_o make_n of_o the_o ephemerides_n of_o the_o sun_n 159_o chap._n 24._o how_o to_o reduce_v the_o apparent_a time_n to_o the_o equal_a time_n answer_v thereto_o 162_o a_o table_n of_o the_o aequation_n of_o natural_a day_n 162_o chap._n 25._o a_o table_n of_o aequation_n of_o the_o sun_n ephemerides_n to_o make_v they_o serve_v for_o many_o year_n 163_o ephemerides_n of_o the_o sun_n 164_o chap._n 26._o the_o use_n of_o these_o ephemerides_n 169_o chap._n 27._o the_o make_n of_o the_o table_n of_o the_o sun_n declination_n 170_o prosthaphaereses_n of_o the_o sun_n declination_n 172_o a_o table_n of_o the_o sun_n declination_n 173_o chap._n 28·_a the_o use_n of_o the_o former_a table_n of_o declination_n or_o regiment_n of_o the_o sun_n 181_o chap._n 29_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o principal_a fix_a star_n about_o the_o equinoctial_a correct_v by_o observation_n 183_o a_o table_n of_o fix_a star_n about_o the_o equinoctial_a 198_o chap._n 30._o the_o use_n of_o the_o former_a table_n 199_o chap._n 31._o the_o true_a distance_n of_o certain_a principal_a fix_a star_n from_o the_o north_n pole_n find_v by_o late_a observation_n 199_o chap._n 32._o to_o know_v at_o what_o time_n any_o of_o the_o foresay_a fix_a star_n come_v to_o the_o meridian_n for_o any_o day_n of_o the_o year_n 202_o a_o table_n of_o the_o sun_n right_a ascension_n in_o hour_n and_o minute_n for_o every_o day_n of_o the_o year_n 204_o chap._n 33._o by_o the_o former_a table_n of_o fix_a star_n and_o the_o sun_n right_a ascension_n to_o know_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o night_n at_o any_o time_n of_o the_o year_n 206_o chap._n 34._o of_o find_v the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n by_o observation_n of_o the_o pole_n star_n and_o guard_n 207_o chap._n 35._o the_o description_n and_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n quadrant_n 208_o chap._n 36._o the_o description_n of_o the_o nocturnal_a or_o night_n dial_n 210_o chap._n 37._o the_o use_n of_o the_o sea_n quadrant_n first_o in_o observe_v the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n look_v only_o to_o the_o horizon_n at_o sea_n 211_o chap._n 38._o how_o with_o this_o quadrant_n to_o observe_v the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n with_o â—our_n back_o turn_v towards_o the_o sun_n 211_o chap._n 39_o how_o to_o observe_v with_o this_o quadrant_n the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o star_n look_v both_o to_o the_o sun_n or_o star_n and_o to_o the_o horizon_n 212_o chap_n 40._o how_o to_o find_v the_o height_n of_o the_o pole_n by_o observation_n of_o the_o polestar_n and_o guard_n without_o give_v or_o take_v any_o allowance_n or_o abatement_n at_o any_o time_n when_o the_o polestar_n the_o guard_n and_o horizon_n may_v be_v see_v 213_o to_o know_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o night_n by_o the_o nocturnal_a 213_o a_o answer_n to_o simon_n stevin_n show_v his_o erorr_v in_o blame_v i_o of_o error_n in_o my_o table_n of_o rumb_n 214_o the_o content_n of_o the_o treatise_n of_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n the_o division_n of_o the_o whole_a art_n of_o navigation_n pag._n 1_o chap._n 1._o the_o definition_n of_o the_o sphere_n 2_o 2._o that_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v a_o sphere_n 2_o 3._o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o sphere_n 2_o 4._o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heaven_n 4_o 5._o of_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o heaven_n 4_o 6._o that_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n make_v one_o perfect_a globe_n 5_o 7._o that_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n 5_o 8._o the_o whole_a quantity_n of_o the_o earth_n 5_o 9_o of_o the_o equinoctial_a circle_n 6_o 10._o of_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n 6_o 11._o of_o the_o ecliptic_a line_n 7_o 12._o of_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n 7_o 13._o of_o the_o colour_n 8_o 14._o of_o the_o meridian_n circle_n 8_o 15._o of_o the_o horizon_n 9_o 16._o of_o the_o 32_o wind_n 10_o 17._o of_o the_o two_o tropic_n 12_o 18._o of_o the_o parallel_n 13_o 19_o of_o the_o degree_n 13_o 20._o what_o be_v mean_v by_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n 14_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n wherein_o be_v handle_v the_o practic_n part_n show_v the_o make_n and_o use_n of_o the_o principal_a instrument_n belong_v to_o this_o art_n chap._n 1._o the_o make_n of_o the_o astrolabe_n pag._n 15_o chap._n 2._o of_o the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n pag._n 17_o 3._o of_o the_o shadow_n 18_o 4._o of_o the_o regiment_n and_o rule_n of_o the_o sun_n 19_o 5._o of_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o of_o the_o table_n thereof_o 20_o how_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n may_v be_v find_v out_o 21_o 6._o the_o equation_n of_o the_o sun_n declination_n 22_o 7._o four_o example_n for_o the_o plain_a declaration_n of_o that_o which_o be_v say_v before_o 22_o 8._o another_o manner_n of_o account_v by_o the_o sun_n as_o they_o use_v in_o portugal_n 25_o 9_o how_o the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n may_v be_v know_v in_o any_o place_n whatsoever_o without_o a_o astrolabe_n first_o know_v your_o distance_n from_o the_o equinoctial_a 25_o 10._o the_o rule_n or_o regiment_n of_o the_o north-star_n for_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o height_n of_o the_o pole_n 26_o 11._o the_o make_n of_o the_o crosse-staffe_n 27_o 12._o of_o the_o position_n of_o the_o north-star_n and_o the_o guard_n 28_o 13._o of_o the_o height_n of_o the_o star_n take_v with_o the_o crosse-staffe_n 30_o 14._o the_o regiment_n or_o rule_n of_o the_o north_n star_n 30_o 15._o other_o thing_n to_o be_v note_v in_o observe_v the_o height_n of_o the_o pole_n 32_o 16._o of_o the_o crosier_n 34_o 17._o of_o the_o sea-compasse_n 34_o 18._o how_o the_o variation_n of_o the_o compass_n may_v be_v find_v 37_o the_o find_v of_o the_o meridian_n line_n 37_o 19_o of_o the_o sea-chart_n 38_o 20._o of_o the_o point_n of_o imagination_n 41_o 21._o of_o the_o traverse_n or_o geometrical_a point_n 42_o 22._o of_o the_o amend_v of_o the_o point_n of_o imagination_n 42_o the_o amend_v of_o the_o point_n of_o imagination_n by_o the_o traverse_n point_n 43_o the_o amendment_n of_o the_o point_n of_o imagination_n by_o north_n south_n east_n west_n 43_o 23._o the_o point_n by_o imagination_n and_o the_o height_n 44_o 24._o what_o it_o be_v to_o increase_v or_o diminish_v in_o height_n 45_o 25._o how_o you_o may_v cast_v a_o traverse_n point_n without_o compass_n 46_o 26._o of_o another_o kind_n of_o cast_v a_o point_n by_o traverse_n 46_o 27._o of_o the_o league_n which_o in_o navigation_n answer_v to_o each_o degree_n of_o latitude_n in_o every_o rumb_n 47_o chap._n 28._o how_o you_o may_v come_v to_o know_v the_o longitude_n or_o the_o course_n from_o east_n to_o west_n pag_n 48_o 29._o how_o you_o may_v set_v down_o in_o your_o chart_n a_o new_a land_n never_o before_o discover_v 50_o 30._o see_v two_o know_a point_n or_o cape_n of_o land_n as_o you_o sail_v along_o
after_o it_o be_v touch_v with_o the_o loadstone_n by_o mean_n whereof_o it_o seem_v something_o probable_a that_o seaman_n may_v have_v some_o help_n to_o know_v their_o height_n or_o latitude_n in_o dark_a and_o cloudy_a weather_n when_o neither_o sun_n nor_o star_n for_o many_o day_n appear_v to_o be_v observe_v i_o think_v it_o shall_v not_o be_v impertinent_a to_o this_o place_n to_o set_v down_o the_o theoric_n that_o have_v be_v devise_v of_o this_o magnetical_a inclination_n together_o with_o a_o demonstration_n for_o the_o make_n of_o a_o table_n thereof_o to_o every_o degree_n of_o latitude_n according_a to_o that_o theoric_n to_o the_o end_n that_o such_o of_o our_o seaman_n as_o mean_v to_o be_v diligent_a observer_n hereof_o may_v make_v heedful_a trial_n of_o that_o incline_a property_n and_o compare_v the_o same_o with_o this_o table_n in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n where_o they_o shall_v travel_v especial_o in_o those_o long_a voyage_n to_o the_o east_n and_o 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divers_a way_n for_o the_o more_o certain_a find_v thereof_o one_o of_o which_o way_n i_o have_v also_o for_o my_o more_o assurance_n exemplify_v by_o observation_n as_o mean_n and_o opportunity_n serve_v i_o near_o plymouth_n sound_n anno_fw-la 1589._o the_o four_o and_o last_o part_n may_v be_v call_v astronomical_a wherein_o my_o chief_a intent_n be_v to_o correct_v the_o error_n that_o be_v in_o the_o ordinary_a table_n of_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o fix_v star_n to_o which_o end_n there_o be_v first_o set_v down_o a_o table_n of_o the_o declination_n of_o every_o minute_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a in_o degree_n minute_n and_o second_n calculate_v for_o the_o great_a obliquity_n of_o the_o zodiac_n as_o it_o be_v find_v by_o observation_n in_o this_o age_n 23_o degree_n 21_o minute_n and_o a_o half_a whereto_o be_v adjoin_v the_o use_n thereof_o for_o the_o ready_a find_n of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n by_o his_o declination_n give_v or_o contrariwise_o for_o find_v the_o sun_n declination_n his_o place_n be_v first_o know_v after_o this_o be_v show_v the_o way_n and_o mean_n i_o use_v for_o exact_a observation_n of_o the_o sun_n meridian_n altitude_n with_o a_o table_n of_o those_o observation_n for_o four_o year_n together_o that_o so_o the_o more_o certainty_n may_v be_v have_v of_o the_o declination_n and_o place_n and_o consequent_o of_o the_o whole_a course_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o that_o by_o compare_v together_o so_o many_o observation_n the_o sun_n eccentricitie_n and_o apogaeum_n may_v the_o more_o assure_o be_v know_v by_o knowledge_n whereof_o the_o way_n be_v lay_v open_a for_o the_o correct_v and_o true_a make_n of_o the_o table_n of_o the_o sun_n middle_a motion_n and_o prosthaphaereses_n which_o be_v necessary_a help_n and_o mean_n for_o calculate_v the_o ephemerides_n of_o the_o sun_n there_o set_v down_o without_o which_o the_o regiment_n or_o table_n of_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n next_o follow_v which_o i_o may_v commend_v as_o free_v from_o error_n observable_a at_o sea_n and_o seldom_o differ_v one_o minute_n from_o observation_n on_o land_n and_o for_o which_o principal_o all_o the_o former_a pain_n be_v undertake_v can_v not_o so_o easy_o have_v be_v make_v now_o if_o any_o shall_v think_v that_o most_o of_o this_o four_o part_n go_v before_o this_o regiment_n may_v have_v be_v omit_v as_o be_v impertinent_a to_o the_o use_n of_o mariner_n and_o exceed_v their_o capacity_n i_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o my_o purpose_n neither_o can_v i_o in_o all_o place_n apply_v myself_o to_o the_o most_o part_n of_o seaman_n capacity_n know_v many_o that_o will_v not_o be_v content_a with_o this_o regiment_n alone_o but_o that_o desire_a more_o to_o know_v the_o ground_n and_o root_n from_o whence_o this_o fruit_n grow_v who_o desire_n i_o be_v also_o willing_a to_o satisfy_v as_o i_o can_v for_o the_o present_a have_v seldom_o have_v a_o more_o inconvenient_a season_n for_o such_o a_o purpose_n then_o after_o some_o caution_n give_v concern_v the_o use_n of_o this_o table_n of_o declination_n and_o the_o equation_n thereof_o in_o place_n far_o differ_v in_o longitude_n from_o hence_o there_o follow_v a_o table_n of_o 32_o principal_a fix_a star_n about_o the_o aequinoctial_a that_o have_v be_v most_o common_o know_v and_o observe_v by_o seaman_n with_o their_o declination_n correct_v and_o another_o table_n of_o as_o many_o more_o of_o the_o notable_a star_n about_o the_o north_n pole_n be_v thereto_o annex_v with_o their_o distance_n from_o the_o pole_n correct_v also_o and_o verify_v by_o diligent_a observation_n on_o land_n to_o these_o be_v add_v a_o table_n of_o the_o sun_n right_a ascension_n resolve_v into_o hour_n and_o minute_n for_o every_o day_n of_o the_o year_n with_o the_o use_n thereof_o for_o find_v at_o what_o hour_n any_o of_o those_o star_n come_v to_o the_o meridian_n at_o any_o time_n of_o the_o year_n that_o hereby_o the_o mariner_n may_v find_v at_o all_o time_n when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o meridian_n and_o so_o the_o easy_o learn_v to_o know_v and_o observe_v they_o hereunto_o i_o have_v new_o adjoin_v the_o description_n and_o use_n of_o a_o instrument_n which_o way_n not_o unfit_o be_v call_v a_o sea-quadrant_a whereby_o be_v show_v how_o the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o sea_n may_v by_o two_o observer_n be_v much_o more_o exct_o observe_v then_o by_o any_o other_o mean_v before_o publish_v and_o how_o the_o height_n of_o the_o pole_n may_v ready_o be_v find_v at_o any_o time_n of_o the_o night_n by_o observation_n of_o the_o polestar_n and_o guard_n without_o make_v any_o abatement_n or_o allowance_n as_o the_o manner_n have_v be_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n whereupon_o the_o guard_n be_v situate_a but_o now_o for_o further_a satisfaction_n in_o every_o one_o of_o these_o particular_n i_o refer_v the_o friendly_a reader_n to_o the_o treatise_n itself_o here_o follow_v which_o simon_n stevins_n inconsiderate_a desire_n of_o find_v fault_n with_o my_o table_n of_o rumb_n have_v cause_v i_o to_o conclude_v with_o a_o answer_n to_o he_o plain_o show_v himself_o and_o not_o i_o to_o be_v in_o the_o same_o fault_n that_o he_o will_v find_v with_o i_o to_o this_o treatise_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o young_a and_o unskilfull_a sort_n of_o seaman_n it_o be_v think_v not_o unmeet_a to_o adjoyn_v the_o short_a treatise_n follow_v contain_v the_o sum_n of_o the_o whole_a art_n of_o navigation_n first_o set_v forth_o in_o spanish_a by_o roderigo_n samorano_n and_o since_o translate_v into_o english_a by_o a_o friend_n of_o i_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o our_o nation_n which_o treatise_n i_o will_v wish_v all_o they_o that_o be_v but_o new_a beginner_n in_o that_o art_n first_o to_o peruse_v and_o understand_v well_o before_o they_o come_v to_o the_o read_n of_o the_o former_a which_o for_o the_o read_n thereof_o with_o the_o great_a profit_n require_v such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v already_o reasonable_o well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o rule_n and_o principle_n of_o that_o art_n which_o i_o have_v not_o hitherto_o know_v to_o be_v more_o brief_o and_o plain_o nor_o yet_o more_o full_o set_v down_o and_o publish_v in_o any_o other_o book_n than_o they_o be_v in_o that_o little_a treatise_n this_o notwithstanding_o i_o must_v admonish_v the_o reader_n that_o in_o stead_n of_o the_o sea-chart_n therein_o describe_v according_a to_o the_o common_a error_n with_o equal_a degree_n of_o latitude_n he_o follow_v that_o manner_n of_o make_v the_o same_o which_o i_o have_v in_o the_o former_a treatise_n set_v down_o chap._n 3_o 4_o 5_o and_o 6._o and_o that_o in_o stead_n of_o the_o rule_n and_o allowance_n for_o find_v the_o latitude_n by_o the_o height_n of_o the_o polestar_n which_o be_v many_o way_n and_o much_o
only_o 12_o second_n hereof_o that_o be_v the_o part_n proportional_a answerable_a to_o the_o excess_n of_o 9_o sec._n above_o 4_o sec._n where_o maginus_fw-la after_o the_o prutenick_n account_n make_v it_o to_o be_v in_o 0_o degr_n 25_o min._n of_o aries_n that_o be_v 33_o minute_n want_v of_o the_o truth_n find_v by_o observation_n the_o like_a difference_n i_o have_v often_o find_v by_o many_o and_o diligent_a observation_n especial_o for_o the_o space_n of_o the_o four_o year_n before_o mention_v the_o whole_a catalogue_n of_o which_o observation_n i_o think_v good_a for_o thy_o further_a satisfaction_n herein_o to_o set_v down_o in_o a_o table_n after_o i_o have_v first_o show_v with_o what_o instrument_n and_o after_o what_o manner_n i_o observe_v the_o same_o that_o if_o any_o error_n herein_o have_v be_v commit_v it_o may_v the_o more_o easy_o appear_v and_o be_v amend_v chap._n xix_o the_o description_n and_o use_n of_o a_o great_a quadrant_n for_o observation_n of_o the_o sun_n on_o land_n the_o instrument_n therefore_o wherewith_o i_o take_v those_o observation_n be_v a_o quadrant_n of_o more_o than_o six_o foot_n and_o a_o quarter_n semidiameter_n for_o the_o room_n wherein_o i_o be_v to_o use_v it_o can_v not_o well_o admit_v a_o great_a quantity_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o largeness_n be_v so_o exact_o make_v and_o divide_v that_o both_o minute_n and_o half_a minute_n may_v therein_o be_v easy_o discern_v the_o limb_n and_o side_n of_o the_o quadrant_n be_v about_o two_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n in_o thickness_n the_o breadth_n of_o the_o limb_n about_o four_o inch_n the_o breadth_n of_o the_o side_n about_o two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o end_n of_o one_o side_n of_o this_o quadrant_n be_v two_o round_a hole_n make_v in_o either_o end_n one_o whereby_o the_o quadrant_n be_v hang_v like_o a_o gate_n on_o his_o hinge_n upon_o two_o round_a pin_n fit_v to_o those_o hole_n and_o fix_v in_o the_o end_n of_o a_o copple_n of_o socket_n put_v close_o upon_o a_o strong_a square_a post_n perpendicular_o erect_v and_o the_o upper_a end_n thereof_o fasten_v to_o the_o side_n of_o a_o principal_a rafter_n in_o a_o upper_a chamber_n where_o a_o window_n according_a to_o the_o reclination_n of_o the_o roof_n of_o the_o house_n be_v make_v between_o it_o and_o the_o next_o rafter_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o carry_v your_o eye_n along_o by_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o quadrant_n you_o may_v by_o the_o centre_n thereof_o place_v at_o the_o window_n see_v any_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n near_o the_o meridian_n from_o the_o zenith_n to_o the_o horizon_n the_o nether_a end_n of_o this_o post_n rest_v on_o the_o floor_n be_v put_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o socket_n nail_v to_o the_o floor_n which_o be_v so_o wide_a that_o on_o every_o side_n the_o post_n wedge_n may_v be_v put_v in_o to_o coin_v it_o at_o pleasure_n this_o way_n or_o that_o way_n till_o the_o side_n of_o the_o quadrant_n be_v find_v to_o stand_v exact_o perpendicular_a by_o the_o hang_n of_o the_o plumline_n all_o alongst_o most_o precise_o upon_o a_o line_n parallel_n to_o the_o zenith_n line_n of_o the_o quadrant_n to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o quadrant_n be_v fasten_v a_o strong_a ruler_n of_o one_o inch_n in_o thickness_n two_o inch_n in_o breadth_n and_o almost_o six_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a in_o length_n carry_v two_o sight_n upon_o it_o viz._n at_o either_o end_n one_o of_o equal_a breadth_n and_o length_n the_o end_n of_o the_o middle_a line_n of_o each_o sight_n fall_v perpendicular_o upon_o the_o middle_n or_o fiducial_a line_n and_o plain_a superficies_n of_o the_o ruler_n through_o the_o upper_a sight_n place_v at_o the_o centre_n be_v make_v a_o square_a hole_n as_o great_a as_o it_o can_v well_o be_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o this_o sight_n and_o hole_n be_v put_v a_o straight_a wire_n erect_v perpendicular_o from_o the_o fiducial_a line_n and_o plain_a of_o the_o ruler_n and_o so_o much_o of_o it_o make_v flat_a and_o thin_a as_o be_v between_o the_o top_n and_o base_a of_o that_o square_a hole_n this_o wire_n serve_v for_o observe_v the_o star_n the_o flat_a side_n whereof_o be_v to_o be_v turn_v towards_o the_o eye_n in_o observe_v of_o great_a star_n and_o the_o narrow_a side_n or_o edge_n of_o it_o be_v turn_v to_o the_o eye-ward_n when_o small_a star_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o nether_a sight_n from_o the_o top_n of_o it_o to_o the_o base_a thereof_o be_v make_v a_o narrow_a slit_n perpendicular_o erect_v likewise_o from_o the_o fiducial_a line_n and_o plain_a of_o the_o ruler_n and_o quadrant_n when_o i_o observe_v the_o star_n i_o look_v through_o this_o slit_n elevate_a and_o depress_v the_o ruler_n till_o the_o wire_n be_v first_o fit_v to_o bigness_n of_o the_o star_n do_v even_o cover_v the_o star_n from_o my_o sight_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o i_o may_v see_v both_o edge_n of_o the_o star_n alike_o on_o either_o side_n above_o and_o beneath_o the_o wire_n the_o square_a hole_n in_o the_o sight_n have_v a_o cover_n fit_v to_o it_o like_o the_o cover_n of_o a_o box_n wherewith_o it_o be_v whole_o cover_v when_o the_o sun_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v the_o nether_a end_n of_o the_o ruler_n carry_v the_o sight_n be_v to_o be_v fasten_v with_o a_o screw-pin_n at_o any_o part_n of_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o quadrant_n as_o need_v require_v with_o this_o quadrant_n always_o rectify_v by_o the_o plumb_n line_n in_o time_n of_o observation_n as_o before_o be_v show_v the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v most_o easy_o and_o exact_o observe_v by_o turn_v the_o quadrant_n this_o way_n or_o that_o away_o and_o elevate_a or_o depress_v the_o ruler_n carry_v the_o sight_n till_o the_o top_n and_o side_n of_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o upper_a sight_n place_v at_o the_o centre_n fall_v upon_o the_o nether_a sight_n place_v at_o the_o centre_n fall_v upon_o the_o nether_a sight_n place_v at_o the_o circumference_n equidistant_o from_o the_o top_n and_o side_n thereof_o for_o then_o the_o upper_a edge_n of_o the_o ruler_n show_v precise_o the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n desire_v in_o degree_n and_o minute_n upon_o the_o limb_n of_o the_o quadrant_n save_v that_o one_o whole_a degree_n be_v always_o to_o be_v add_v thereto_o because_o the_o breadth_n of_o that_o part_n of_o the_o ruler_n that_o lie_v upon_o the_o limb_n of_o the_o quadrant_n be_v make_v to_o be_v just_o equal_a to_o two_o degree_n that_o be_v on_o either_o side_n one_o degree_n from_o the_o fiducial_a line_n now_o for_o find_v out_o the_o meridian_n altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o star_n i_o first_o find_v the_o meridian_n line_n thus_o with_o the_o quadrant_a rectify_v and_o use_v as_o before_o be_v show_v i_o observe_v the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o forenoon_n and_o so_o wary_o let_v the_o quadrant_n stand_v immovable_a and_o lay_v the_o side_n of_o a_o straight_a ruler_n that_o be_v about_o seven_o foot_n in_o length_n close_v along_o to_o the_o perpendicular_a side_n of_o the_o quadrant_n close_o by_o the_o end_n of_o that_o side_n of_o the_o ruler_n touch_v the_o floor_n of_o the_o chamber_n i_o make_v a_o prick_n upon_o the_o floor_n also_o lay_v the_o side_n of_o the_o ruler_n to_o the_o perpendicular_a side_n and_o limb_n of_o the_o quadrant_n i_o make_v in_o like_a manner_n another_o prick_n so_o far_o as_o convenient_o i_o can_v from_o the_o former_a upon_o the_o floor_n close_o by_o the_o corner_n of_o that_o side_n of_o the_o ruler_n by_o these_o two_o prick_n i_o draw_v a_o right_a line_n which_o represent_v the_o intersection_n of_o the_o sun_n azimuth_n or_o of_o the_o continue_a plain_n of_o the_o quadrant_n and_o of_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o floor_n in_o the_o time_n of_o observation_n likewise_o in_o the_o afternoon_n the_o ruler_n of_o the_o quadrant_n carry_v the_o sight_n be_v fix_v in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o it_o be_v in_o time_n of_o observation_n in_o the_o forenoon_n i_o observe_v diligent_o till_o the_o sun_n come_v to_o the_o same_o height_n that_o he_o have_v when_o i_o observe_v in_o the_o forenoon_n which_o i_o do_v by_o follow_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n shadow_n with_o the_o quadrant_n till_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o top_n and_o side_n of_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o upper_a sight_n fall_v upon_o the_o nether_a sight_n equidistant_o from_o the_o top_n and_o side_n thereof_o then_o careful_o let_v the_o quadrant_a stand_v immovable_a and_o draw_v the_o line_n of_o intersection_n of_o the_o floor_n and_o sun_n azimuth_n in_o time_n of_o the_o afternoon_n observation_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o i_o do_v in_o the_o forenoon_n set_v one_o foot_n of_o the_o compass_n in_o the_o
equinoctial_a and_o these_o circle_n may_v be_v infinite_a between_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o the_o north_n and_o south_n pole_n and_o in_o the_o sea-chart_n some_o of_o they_o be_v represent_v by_o the_o line_n which_o be_v draw_v from_o east_n to_o west_n and_o two_o of_o these_o circle_n be_v the_o two_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n and_o capricorn_n which_o be_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o sun_n great_a declination_n likewise_o all_o those_o circle_n which_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o star_n in_o heaven_n do_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o first_o or_o high_a movable_a heaven_n describe_v from_o east_n to_o west_n be_v parallel_n and_o serve_v in_o the_o sphere_n to_o show_v the_o latitude_n and_o when_o a_o ship_n sail_v in_o the_o same_o height_n of_o the_o pole_n than_o she_o sail_v in_o a_o parallel_n and_o run_v always_o east_n or_o west_n which_o manner_n of_o sail_v we_o use_v at_o all_o such_o time_n when_o we_o find_v our_o ship_n in_o the_o height_n of_o that_o land_n to_o which_o we_o be_v go_v chap._n xix_o of_o the_o degree_n every_o one_o of_o these_o circle_n be_v divide_v into_o 360_o equal_a part_n which_o they_o call_v degree_n and_o every_o degree_n be_v divide_v into_o other_o 60_o equal_a part_n which_o be_v call_v minute_n which_o degree_n and_o minute_n be_v the_o common_a measure_n that_o we_o use_v in_o navigation_n when_o we_o make_v any_o account_n in_o the_o heaven_n either_o in_o take_v the_o the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o star_n above_o the_o horizon_n or_o in_o measure_v the_o distance_n from_o our_o zenith_n to_o the_o equinoctial_a these_o degree_n be_v mark_v in_o a_o line_n draw_v from_o north_n to_o south_n in_o the_o most_o vacant_a part_n of_o the_o sea-chart_n this_o line_n in_o general_a sea-chart_n be_v divide_v into_o 90_o equal_a part_n which_o be_v count_v beginning_n at_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n from_o one_o to_o 90_o both_o northwards_o and_o southwards_o and_o in_o those_o chart_n which_o be_v not_o general_a this_o 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where_o our_o ship_n be_v and_o so_o shall_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o right_a line_n be_v the_o part_n of_o any_o right_a line_n whatsoever_o run_v east_n and_o west_n comprehend_v between_o the_o two_o foresay_a right_a line_n extend_v north_n and_o south_n the_o latitude_n of_o a_o place_n be_v a_o part_n of_o any_o meridian_n whatsoever_o contain_v between_o two_o parallel_n whereof_o one_o be_v the_o equinoctial_a and_o the_o other_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o place_n give_v this_o latitude_n the_o mariner_n do_v call_v the_o distance_n from_o the_o line_n chart._n understand_v by_o the_o line_n the_o most_o principal_a of_o all_o other_o which_o be_v draw_v in_o the_o chart_n that_o be_v the_o equinoctial_a line_n they_o use_v also_o to_o call_v it_o the_o height_n which_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o the_o height_n of_o the_o pole_n above_o the_o horizon_n and_o so_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o equinoctial_a shall_v be_v a_o part_n of_o any_o north_n and_o south_n line_n contain_v between_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o any_o line_n run_v from_o east_n to_o west_n which_o pass_v in_o the_o graduation_n of_o the_o chart_n by_o the_o same_o degree_n of_o latitude_n in_o which_o we_o find_v ourselves_o to_o be_v the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n wherein_o be_v handle_v the_o practic_n part_n show_v the_o make_n and_o use_n of_o the_o principal_a instrument_n belong_v to_o this_o art_n chap._n 1._o the_o make_n of_o the_o astrolabe_n to_o know_v the_o latitude_n or_o distance_n from_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n there_o be_v require_v five_o thing_n whereof_o any_o one_o being_n want_v we_o can_v possible_o find_v out_o how_o far_o we_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o say_a line_n and_o these_o be_v the_o astrolabe_n or_o quadrant_n the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o shadow_n the_o declination_n the_o regiment_n or_o rule_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o astrolabe_n be_v to_o be_v make_v after_o this_o manner_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o round_a plate_n or_o table_n of_o metal_n or_o wood_n be_v smooth_a and_o plain_a every_o where_o and_o about_o a_o finger_n thick_a you_o shall_v take_v the_o centre_n a_o wherein_o have_v place_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n you_o shall_v with_o the_o other_o draw_v as_o great_a a_o circle_n as_o convenient_o you_o can_v in_o the_o say_a table_n and_o within_o this_o circle_n must_v be_v draw_v two_o other_o circle_n the_o one_o distant_a from_o the_o other_o about_o the_o breadth_n of_o a_o grain_n of_o wheat_n and_o the_o three_o must_v be_v distant_a from_o the_o second_o twice_o so_o much_o as_o the_o second_o be_v from_o the_o first_o and_o your_o ruler_n be_v lay_v just_a to_o the_o centre_n a_o you_o shall_v draw_v the_o line_n bac_n which_o divide_v every_o one_o of_o the_o three_o circle_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n and_o put_v one_o point_n of_o your_o compass_n stand_v open_a according_a to_o the_o length_n of_o the_o line_n bc_n upon_o the_o point_n c_o where_o the_o great_a circle_n be_v divide_v by_o the_o line_n bc_n with_o the_o other_o point_n you_o shall_v draw_v above_o the_o point_n d_o a_o part_n of_o a_o circle_n and_o another_o under_o e._n and_o then_o put_v one_o foot_n of_o the_o compass_n thus_o open_v upon_o the_o point_n b_o you_o shall_v draw_v other_o two_o part_n of_o a_o circle_n which_o will_v cross_v the_o first_o in_o f_o and_o g._n and_o your_o ruler_n be_v lay_v to_o f_o and_o g_o you_o shall_v draw_v the_o line_n de_fw-fr which_o must_v pass_v by_o the_o centre_n a._n then_o let_v the_o quadrant_n db_fw-mi be_v divide_v into_o 3_o equal_a part_n and_o every_o one_o of_o those_o into_o three_o other_o part_n and_o each_o of_o those_o nine_o into_o two_o and_o every_o one_o of_o those_o 18_o into_o 5_o and_o so_o the_o say_a quadrant_n shall_v be_v divide_v into_o 90_o equal_a part_n or_o degree_n unto_o which_o degree_n shall_v be_v place_v the_o number_n belong_v to_o they_o from_o 5_o to_z 5_o between_o the_o second_o and_o the_o three_o circle_n beginning_z from_o b_o and_o end_v with_o 90_o at_o the_o point_n d._n then_o let_v there_o be_v make_v at_o the_o point_n d_o a_o little_a hole_n upon_o the_o line_n de_fw-fr through_o which_o may_v be_v put_v a_o little_a ring_n or_o some_o strong_a ribbon_n or_o string_n and_o you_o shall_v make_v a_o knot_n thereon_o whereby_o your_o finger_n may_v take_v hold_v and_o the_o astrolabe_n hang_v by_o that_o hole_n you_o shall_v put_v through_o a_o slender_a thread_n with_o a_o plummet_n of_o lead_n which_o may_v hang_v quite_o under_o the_o astrolabe_n which_o thread_n if_o while_o the_o astrolabe_n hang_v immovable_a it_o fall_v just_a upon_o the_o line_n de_fw-fr then_o be_v the_o astrolabe_n well_o rectify_v if_o not_o you_o must_v continue_v cut_v off_o some_o thing_n and_o lightning_n that_o side_n towards_o which_o the_o thread_n do_v fall_v until_o it_o hang_v even_o with_o the_o foresay_a line_n then_o must_v you_o draw_v upon_o a_o ruler_n of_o the_o same_o matter_n be_v about_o a_o finger_n and_o a_o half_a broad_a the_o right_a line_n he_o along_o through_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o breadth_n thereof_o which_o ruler_n shall_v be_v make_v after_o the_o same_o fashion_n that_o here_o be_v set_v down_o cut_v away_o from_o one_o half_a of_o the_o length_n half_a of_o the_o breadth_n always_o save_v whole_a the_o line_n he_o and_o so_o likewise_o shall_v you_o cut_v off_o along_o the_o half_a of_o the_o length_n on_o the_o contrary_a part_n half_a of_o the_o breadth_n so_o that_o the_o line_n he_o may_v remain_v whole_a on_o that_o side_n also_o and_o near_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o say_a ruler_n you_o shall_v set_v two_o little_a square_a vane_n of_o the_o breadth_n
that_o the_o rose_n or_o fly_n may_v play_v more_o nimble_o upon_o the_o pin_n this_o pin_n must_v be_v make_v of_o lattin_a with_o a_o very_a sharp_a point_n and_o be_v to_o be_v fasten_v upright_o in_o a_o round_a box_n of_o wood_n which_o must_v be_v of_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o great_a cup-dish_n contain_v the_o rose_n within_o it_o be_v cover_v above_o with_o a_o clear_a round_a glass_n and_o the_o joint_n thereof_o must_v be_v stop_v with_o wax_n to_o the_o end_n that_o no_o wind_n may_v enter_v into_o the_o rose_n to_o disturb_v it_o there_o must_v be_v great_a care_n have_v that_o this_o rose_n with_o the_o wire_n place_v upon_o the_o pin_n may_v go_v nimble_o and_o may_v not_o swerve_v more_o to_o the_o one_o side_n then_o to_o the_o other_o but_o may_v stand_v even_o and_o level_a and_o when_o it_o incline_v towards_o either_o part_n you_o must_v put_v on_o the_o contrary_a part_n a_o little_a wax_n or_o a_o thin_a plate_n of_o lead_n fasten_v under_o the_o pasteboard_n which_o cover_v the_o wire_n this_o box_n wherein_o the_o rose_n play_v up_o and_o down_o hang_v within_o two_o hoop_n of_o lattin_a which_o be_v two_o round_a circle_n enclose_v one_o within_o another_o and_o distant_a asunder_o by_o the_o space_n of_o half_a a_o finger_n breadth_n with_o two_o nail_n of_o lattin_a which_o be_v diametral_o opposite_a and_o the_o box_n be_v fit_o place_v within_o these_o hoop_n you_o must_v make_v in_o the_o outward_a hoop_n two_o hole_n which_o must_v be_v distant_a from_o the_o foresay_a two_o nail_n a_o quarter_n of_o a_o circle_n both_o way_n and_o by_o these_o two_o hole_n must_v the_o outward_a hoop_n or_o circle_n be_v fasten_v within_o a_o square_a box_n or_o a_o round_a so_o as_o although_o that_o uttermost_a box_n be_v toss_v up_o and_o down_o every_o way_n with_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o ship_n yet_o always_o the_o superficies_n and_o glass_n of_o the_o inner_a box_n may_v lie_v level_a with_o the_o horizon_n and_o this_o be_v do_v with_o care_n the_o instrument_n which_o they_o call_v the_o sea-compasse_n be_v full_o finish_v the_o manner_n of_o use_v the_o same_o be_v when_o be_v place_v with_o the_o box_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o poop_n of_o the_o ship_n where_o the_o bittacle_n stand_v in_o a_o right_a line_n which_o pass_v from_o the_o bolt-sprit_n by_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o main_a mast_n to_o the_o poop_n it_o serve_v continual_o to_o govern_v the_o ship_n by_o move_v of_o the_o rudder_n till_o the_o wind_n or_o the_o line_n of_o your_o compass_n towards_o which_o we_o desire_v to_o shape_v our_o course_n stand_v direct_o towards_o the_o prow_n or_o bolt-sprit_n of_o the_o ship_n they_o use_v also_o for_o the_o night_n to_o mark_v a_o point_n within_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o inner_a box_n which_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o capitel_a of_o the_o compass_n may_v stand_v direct_o towards_o the_o prow_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o always_o in_o guide_v the_o ship_n you_o must_v take_v heed_n that_o the_o say_a point_n be_v continual_o join_v with_o the_o wind_n of_o the_o rose_n towards_o which_o you_o intend_v your_o course_n chap._n xviii_o how_o the_o variation_n of_o the_o compass_n may_v be_v find_v the_o mariner_n use_v to_o examine_v whether_o their_o compass_n north-easteth_a or_o south-westeth_a watch_v for_o that_o purpose_n when_o the_o former_a guard_n bear_v with_o the_o north_n star_n north-east_n and_o south-west_n take_v a_o little_a of_o the_o point_n of_o north_n and_o south_n and_o place_v their_o compass_n in_o a_o open_a place_n where_o the_o north_n star_n may_v be_v see_v if_o the_o flowerdeluis_fw-it of_o the_o rose_n look_v direct_o towards_o the_o star_n their_o compass_n vary_v nothing_o at_o all_o but_o if_o the_o star_n be_v to_o the_o north-east_n so_o much_o as_o it_o vary_v from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o flowerdeluis_fw-la so_o much_o the_o compass_n north-westeth_a and_o if_o it_o vary_v to_o the_o northwest_n of_o the_o compass_n how_o much_o the_o star_n swerve_v from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o flowerdeluis_fw-it so_o much_o the_o compass_n north-easteth_a and_o in_o regard_n of_o this_o variation_n of_o the_o compass_n there_o must_v always_o allowance_n be_v make_v in_o the_o course_n which_o be_v hold_v this_o manner_n of_o find_v out_o the_o variation_n i_o do_v account_n to_o be_v somewhat_o subject_a unto_o error_n but_o at_o land_n there_o be_v another_o more_o certain_a way_n by_o the_o meridian_n line_n which_o be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o manner_n follow_v the_o find_n of_o the_o meridian-line_n in_o a_o superficies_n which_o be_v plain_a and_o level_v every_o where_o and_o in_o a_o place_n where_o the_o sun_n shine_v at_o his_o rise_n and_o set_v you_o must_v draw_v certain_a circle_n upon_o one_o centre_n and_o have_v pitch_v a_o stile_n upright_o in_o the_o same_o centre_n the_o head_n whereof_o must_v be_v approve_v with_o a_o pair_n of_o compass_n to_o be_v equal_o distant_a from_o all_o part_n of_o one_o of_o those_o circle_n observe_v you_o in_o the_o morning_n two_o or_o three_o hour_n before_o noon_n when_o the_o point_n of_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o stile_n touch_v the_o circumference_n of_o any_o of_o those_o circle_n and_o have_v make_v a_o mark_n in_o the_o touch_n take_v diligent_a heed_n in_o the_o afternoon_n also_o when_o the_o same_o point_n of_o the_o shadow_n turn_v about_o to_o touch_v in_o the_o same_o circle_n and_o make_v another_o mark_n in_o that_o second_o touch_n divide_v in_o the_o midst_n that_o part_n of_o the_o circle_n which_o be_v between_o those_o two_o mark_n then_o lay_v your_o ruler_n upon_o the_o point_n of_o the_o division_n and_o upon_o the_o centre_n of_o those_o circle_n draw_v a_o line_n which_o shall_v be_v your_o meridian_n and_o the_o true_a north_n and_o south_n rumb_n upon_o which_o set_v your_o compass_n and_o lay_v your_o ruler_n over_o the_o glass_n that_o it_o may_v pass_v along_o over_o the_o meridian_n and_o over_o the_o centre_n or_o capitel_a of_o the_o rose_n or_o fly_v either_o say_a ruler_n lie_v over_o the_o north_n and_o south_n of_o the_o compass_n and_o then_o be_v the_o compass_n without_o variation_n or_o the_o ruler_n decline_v towards_o the_o north-east_n or_o south-west_n and_o how_o much_o it_o decline_v that_o way_n so_o much_o the_o compass_n north-westeth_a or_o else_o it_o decline_v towards_o the_o northwest_n and_o then_o it_o north-easteth_a so_o much_o as_o the_o ruler_n decline_v that_o way_n but_o to_o know_v the_o variation_n of_o the_o compass_n both_o at_o land_n and_o sea_n we_o will_v deliver_v another_o far_o more_o easy_a and_o certain_a way_n when_o we_o come_v to_o entreat_v of_o the_o universal_a dial._n chap._n xix_o of_o the_o sea-chart_n the_o sea-chart_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o lively_a picture_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n and_o it_o contain_v five_o notable_a thing_n which_o do_v concern_v as_o well_o the_o true_a make_n of_o the_o chart_n as_o also_o the_o enable_v of_o the_o mariner_n to_o know_v the_o way_n which_o he_o make_v the_o place_n where_o he_o be_v and_o the_o end_n of_o his_o journey_n the_o first_o be_v the_o lay_v out_o of_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o land_n which_o that_o it_o may_v be_v true_o do_v it_o be_v meet_v that_o every_o thing_n be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o chart_n in_o the_o same_o course_n distance_z and_o height_n that_o shall_v be_v find_v in_o navigation_n the_o second_o be_v that_o it_o contain_v not_o only_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o firm_a land_n but_o also_o all_o other_o particularity_n which_o do_v occur_v in_o sail_v as_o namely_o island_n iselet_n bank_n or_o bar_n shoalds_z rock_n and_o flat_n the_o three_o be_v the_o line_n which_o signify_v the_o 32_o wind_n by_o the_o help_n whereof_o we_o may_v see_v whether_o the_o part_n of_o the_o land_n be_v well_o lay_v out_o and_o in_o their_o true_a course_n one_o from_o another_o and_o of_o these_o wind_n the_o black_a be_v the_o eight_o principal_a which_o be_v call_v whole_a wind_n the_o green_a be_v half_a wind_n or_o half_o part_v wind_n and_o the_o red_a be_v the_o quarter_n of_o the_o wind_n you_o may_v know_v in_o your_o chart_n whether_o these_o wind_n be_v well_o draw_v if_o you_o try_v with_o your_o compass_n that_o all_o point_n of_o they_o be_v equal_o distant_a one_o from_o another_o and_o that_o all_o wind_n represent_v the_o same_o rumb_n be_v parallel_n as_o namely_o that_o one_o north-east_n and_o southwest_n rumb_n be_v parallel_n to_o another_o north-east_n and_o southwest_n rumb_n the_o four_o be_v the_o graduation_n in_o all_o part_n whereof_o it_o be_v meet_v that_o the_o degree_n south_n be_v equal_a one_o to_o another_o and_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o land_n do_v direct_o lie_v east_n
answer_v unto_o one_o degree_n of_o latitude_n 45_o league_n and_o ¾_n and_o you_o be_v then_o part_v from_o your_o right_a line_n 42_o league_n and_o ¼_n upon_o the_o seven_o point_n do_v answer_v unto_o one_o degree_n of_o latitude_n 89_o league_n and_o ¾_n and_o you_o be_v depart_v from_o your_o right_a line_n 88_o league_n as_o it_o appear_v out_o of_o the_o table_n follow_v the_o table_n of_o the_o author_n which_o be_v more_o precise_a league_n of_o the_o course_n or_o rumb_n distance_n from_o the_o right_a line_n 1_o 17_o â—_o 6_o 3_o ½_o 2_o 19_o â…œ_n 7_o ¼_n 3_o 21_o 11_o â…”_n 4_o 24_o ¾_n 17_o ½_o 5_o 31_o ½_o 26_o â…•_n 6_o 45_o ¾_n 42_o ¼_n 7_o 89_o ¾_n 88_o the_o old_a table_n which_o be_v less_o certain_a leagus_n of_o the_o course_n or_o rumb_n distance_n from_o the_o right_a line_n or_o meridian_n 18_o 3_o ½_o 18_o ½_o 7_o ½_o 21_o ½_o 11_o â…”_n 25_o 17_o ½_o 31_o ½_o 26_o ½_o 46_o ½_o 42_o ½_o 88_o 85_o chap._n xxviii_o how_o you_o may_v come_v to_o know_v the_o longitude_n or_o the_o course_n from_o east_n to_o west_n that_o which_o the_o cosmographer_n call_v longitude_n be_v call_v by_o the_o mariner_n the_o distance_n from_o the_o right_a line_n and_o the_o course_n of_o east_n and_o west_n and_o the_o height_n of_o east_n and_o west_n and_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o a_o east_n and_o west_n rumb_v contain_v between_o two_o meridian_n one_o of_o which_o run_v by_o the_o point_n or_o place_n from_o whence_o we_o depart_v and_o the_o other_o by_o the_o point_n where_o the_o ship_n be_v this_o distance_n from_o the_o right_a line_n be_v know_v by_o the_o mean_a of_o two_o thing_n namely_o of_o the_o course_n and_o of_o the_o difference_n of_o latitude_n or_o of_o the_o course_n and_o distance_n the_o course_n and_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o height_n be_v give_v you_o may_v know_v the_o say_a distance_n by_o traverse_n or_o by_o number_n by_o geometry_n or_o traverse_v it_o be_v know_v in_o manner_n follow_v the_o height_n or_o the_o distance_n of_o your_o ship_n from_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v know_v and_o the_o rumb_n also_o upon_o which_o you_o have_v sail_v you_o must_v cast_v upon_o your_o chart_n a_o point_n by_o traverse_n and_o place_v upon_o that_o point_n one_o of_o the_o point_n of_o your_o compass_n and_o the_o other_o upon_o the_o next_o rumb_n of_o east_n and_o west_n you_o must_v place_n one_o point_n of_o another_o pair_n of_o compass_n at_o the_o haven_n or_o point_n from_o whence_o the_o ship_n depart_v and_o the_o other_o point_n upon_o the_o north_n and_o south_n rumb_n which_o be_v next_o these_o two_o compass_n thus_o open_v run_v by_o their_o rumb_n one_o towards_o another_o you_o must_v mark_v where_o the_o two_o point_n meet_v namely_o that_o which_o come_v out_o of_o the_o part_n from_o whence_o you_o depart_v and_o that_o which_o you_o remove_v from_o the_o point_n where_o the_o ship_n present_o be_v be_v find_v by_o traverse_n and_o where_o those_o two_o point_n do_v meet_v there_o make_v another_o point_n or_o prick_v then_o look_v how_o many_o league_n there_o be_v from_o the_o say_v three_o point_n to_o the_o point_n of_o traverse_n where_o the_o ship_n be_v both_o which_o do_v always_o bear_v east_n and_o west_n one_o from_o another_o so_o many_o league_n be_v your_o distance_n from_o the_o right_a line_n and_o if_o in_o stead_n of_o the_o league_n set_v down_o in_o the_o scale_n we_o measure_v with_o degree_n take_v out_o of_o the_o graduation_n sea-chart_n we_o shall_v have_v the_o degree_n of_o longitude_n which_o be_v between_o the_o point_n of_o our_o departure_n and_o the_o point_n of_o the_o place_n where_o present_o we_o be_v and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o always_o when_o we_o sail_v we_o either_o alter_v our_o latitude_n only_o and_o that_o be_v when_o we_o sail_v north_n and_o south_n or_o we_o alter_v the_o longitude_n only_o that_o be_v when_o we_o sail_v by_o the_o selfsame_a latitude_n go_v always_o east_n and_o west_n by_o the_o same_o parallel_v or_o we_o alter_v both_o latitude_n and_o longitude_n when_o we_o sail_v by_o any_o of_o the_o other_o 28_o wind_n when_o we_o alter_v the_o latitude_n only_o we_o swerve_v not_o one_o jot_n from_o the_o right_a line_n or_o meridian_n when_o we_o alter_v both_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n then_o must_v we_o find_v the_o longitude_n or_o distance_n from_o the_o right_a line_n in_o manner_n abovesaid_a but_o when_o your_o longitude_n only_o be_v alter_v because_o than_o you_o must_v find_v out_o the_o point_n where_o the_o ship_n be_v by_o imagination_n only_o there_o be_v no_o certain_a manner_n to_o know_v the_o longitude_n or_o distance_n from_o the_o right_a line_n but_o only_o little_a more_o or_o less_o set_v down_o a_o point_n by_o imagination_n and_o measure_v by_o league_n or_o by_o degree_n what_o distance_n there_o be_v between_o that_o and_o the_o point_n from_o which_o the_o ship_n depart_v by_o number_n you_o may_v find_v out_o the_o longitude_n in_o manner_n follow_v the_o difference_n of_o your_o distance_n from_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v know_v which_o be_v so_o many_o degree_n more_o or_o less_o as_o you_o have_v increase_v or_o diminish_v in_o the_o height_n of_o the_o pole_n look_v in_o the_o table_n annex_v to_o the_o chapter_n next_o before_o this_o for_o the_o league_n of_o distance_n from_o the_o right_a line_n which_o answer_n unto_o one_o degree_n by_o the_o rumb_n or_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n upon_o which_o you_o have_v sail_v and_o multiply_v those_o league_n by_o the_o number_n of_o degree_n which_o you_o have_v increase_v or_o diminish_v in_o the_o height_n of_o the_o pole_n in_o your_o navigation_n you_o shall_v then_o see_v how_o many_o league_n you_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o right_a line_n which_o pass_v by_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o you_o come_v which_o league_n if_o you_o divide_v by_o 17_o and_o a_o half_a then_o will_v appear_v unto_o you_o the_o degree_n of_o longitude_n between_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o you_o depart_v and_o the_o point_n where_o you_o be_v chap._n xxix_o how_o you_o may_v set_v down_o in_o your_o chart_n a_o new_a land_n never_o before_o discover_v it_o may_v sometime_o fall_v out_o in_o new_a discovery_n or_o when_o your_o ship_n by_o mean_n of_o a_o tempest_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o her_o right_a course_n that_o you_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o sight_n of_o some_o isle_n shall_v or_o new_a land_n whereof_o the_o mariner_n be_v utter_o ignorant_a and_o to_o make_v some_o relation_n of_o the_o same_o or_o to_o go_v unto_o it_o some_o other_o time_n if_o you_o desire_v to_o set_v it_o down_o in_o your_o sea-chart_n in_o the_o true_a place_n you_o may_v do_v it_o after_o this_o manner_n so_o soon_o as_o you_o have_v sight_n thereof_o mark_v it_o well_o first_o with_o your_o compass_n observe_v diligent_o upon_o which_o point_n thereof_o it_o lie_v and_o second_o you_o must_v there_o take_v the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o of_o the_o polestar_n that_o you_o may_v know_v in_o what_o point_n your_o ship_n be_v and_o that_o point_v you_o must_v call_v the_o first_o point_n which_o be_v so_o do_v your_o ship_n may_v sail_v on_o her_o course_n all_o that_o day_n till_o the_o day_n follow_v without_o lose_v her_o way_n and_o the_o next_o day_n mark_v the_o land_n again_o and_o see_v upon_o what_o point_n it_o lie_v and_o then_o take_v your_o height_n and_o with_o it_o cast_v your_o point_n of_o traverse_n once_o again_o and_o that_o you_o may_v call_v your_o second_o point_n then_o take_v a_o pair_n of_o compass_n and_o place_v one_o foot_n upon_o the_o first_o point_n and_o the_o other_o upon_o the_o rumb_n towards_o which_o the_o land_n do_v bear_v when_o you_o cast_v your_o first_o point_n set_v also_o one_o foot_n of_o another_o pair_n of_o compass_n in_o the_o second_o point_n and_o the_o other_o foot_n upon_o the_o rumb_n upon_o which_o the_o land_n lay_v when_o you_o cast_v your_o second_o point_n and_o these_o two_o compass_n thus_o open_v you_o must_v move_v by_o their_o rumb_n till_o those_o two_o foot_n of_o both_o compass_n do_v meet_v together_o which_o be_v move_v from_o the_o foresay_a two_o point_n and_o where_o they_o do_v so_o meet_v together_o there_o may_v you_o say_v be_v the_o land_n which_o you_o discover_v which_o land_n you_o may_v point_v out_o with_o the_o in-lets_a and_o outlet_n or_o cape_n and_o other_o sign_n which_o you_o see_v thereupon_o and_o by_o the_o graduation_n you_o may_v see_v the_o latitude_n thereof_o that_o thereby_o you_o may_v find_v it_o if_o at_o any_o time_n after_o you_o go_v to_o seek_v for_o it_o chap._n xxx_o see_v two_o know_a point_n or_o cape_n of_o land_n
mile_n from_o cape_n das_fw-la aguillas_fw-la as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o table_n of_o variation_n which_o place_n be_v in_o the_o longitude_n of_o 60_o degree_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n betwixt_o both_o at_o 30_o degr_n as_o in_o the_o north_n part_n again_o there_o be_v the_o great_a northea_n of_o which_o place_n there_o be_v this_o mention_n make_v in_o the_o table_n or_o view_n of_o variation_n towards_o the_o northwest_o northerly_a from_o the_o land_n of_o tristan_n de_fw-fr cuncha_n where_o the_o variation_n be_v 19_o degree_n out_o of_o these_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n do_v point_n due_a north_n in_o every_o place_n situate_a in_o two_o meridian_n half_a circle_n draw_v from_o the_o one_o pole_n to_o the_o other_o by_o corvo_n and_o helmshudâ—_n and_o that_o the_o great_a northea_n be_v in_o all_o place_n situate_v in_o the_o meridian_n semicircle_n draw_v by_o that_o place_n which_o we_o say_v be_v distant_a one_o mile_n from_o plymouth_n towards_o the_o east_n so_o as_o that_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v contain_v between_o two_o meridian_n semicircle_n distant_a each_o from_o other_o 60_o degree_n in_o longitude_n be_v the_o space_n wherein_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n always_o decline_v from_o the_o north_n towards_o the_o east_n and_o the_o half_a of_o that_o part_n that_o be_v that_o portion_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v include_v between_o two_o meridian_n semicircle_n the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o beginning_n the_o other_o by_o the_o 30_o degr_n of_o longitude_n be_v every_o where_o the_o place_n of_o the_o northea_n increase_a but_o the_o other_o half_o be_v the_o place_n of_o the_o northea_n decrease_a to_o wit_n when_o one_o go_v from_o the_o west_n eastward_o follow_v the_o order_n of_o the_o degree_n of_o longitude_n by_o this_o that_o have_v be_v speak_v of_o the_o first_o segment_n with_o the_o northea_n and_o his_o part_n in_o one_o of_o which_o part_v the_o northea_n be_v increase_v in_o the_o other_o decrease_v it_o may_v easy_o be_v understand_v what_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o second_o segment_n be_v with_o the_o northwe_n and_o what_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o part_n thereof_o whereof_o one_o be_v the_o part_n of_o the_o northwe_n increase_a the_o other_o be_v the_o part_n of_o the_o northwe_n decrease_a for_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n cantan_n in_o china_n at_o the_o longitude_n of_o 160_o degree_n distant_a from_o corvo_n the_o needle_n point_v due_a north_n the_o three_o time_n there_o therefore_o draw_v the_o three_o meridian_n semicircle_n the_o portion_n of_o the_o earth_n between_o the_o foresay_a second_o meridian_n semicircle_n and_o this_o three_o distant_a each_n from_o other_o 100_o degree_n in_o longitude_n shall_v be_v the_o space_n wherein_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n decline_v from_o the_o north_n towards_o the_o west_n and_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o both_o in_o the_o meridian_n semicircle_n 50_o degree_n distant_a from_o the_o second_o and_o as_o much_o from_o the_o three_o or_o otherwise_o 110_o degree_n remove_v from_o the_o first_o meridian_n draw_v by_o corvo_n shall_v be_v the_o great_a variation_n of_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n as_o it_o appear_v out_o of_o the_o table_n of_o variation_n in_o two_o place_n whereof_o one_o be_v in_o william_n island_n at_o nova_n zembla_n where_o the_o great_a northwe_n be_v find_v to_o be_v 33_o degree_n the_o other_o be_v distant_a 34_o dutch_n mile_n to_o the_o southeast_n from_o brandaon_n where_o the_o great_a variation_n be_v find_v to_o be_v 22_o degree_n and_o the_o longitude_n of_o each_o of_o those_o place_n be_v 110_o degree_n so_o as_o in_o the_o half_a of_o the_o second_o space_n which_o portion_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v contain_v between_o the_o meridian_n semicircle_n of_o 60_o degree_n longitude_n and_o of_o 110_o degr_n the_o northwe_n be_v every_o where_o increase_v in_o the_o other_o half_o decrease_v of_o these_o 160_o 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